FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD Park, GH Goda, AJ AF McNeil, MR Doyle, PJ Fossett, TRD Park, GH Goda, AJ TI Reliability and concurrent validity of the information unit scoring metric for the story retelling procedure SO APHASIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference CY MAY, 2000 CL WAIKOLON, HAWAII ID CONNECTED SPEECH; DISCOURSE; APHASIA; ADULTS; TASKS AB This study reports the reliability and concurrent validity of the information units (IU) metric as an efficient method for quantifying the amount of information comprehended and reproduced on the Story Retelling Procedure (SRP) (Doyle et al., 2000). Subjects were 31 normal adults and 15 adults with aphasia. Significant and moderately high correlation coefficients were obtained for subjects with aphasia between %IUs and most linguistic measures including the correct information unit (Nicholas & Brookshire 1993, 1995) while low and non-significant correlations were found for many measures of language productivity, efficiency, and disruption. The %IUs among the four SRP forms within group was non-significant (p>.05) and correlations were significant and high. Normal speakers produced significantly greater %IUs than aphasic speakers. Standard error of measurement was low across forms for both groups (3-4%) and the range of individual subjects' performance overlapped between 20 and 27% for the group with aphasia and between 36 and 55% for the normal group. These results support the conclusion that %IU is a reliable and valid measure and differentiates aphasic from normal individuals better than normal individuals from persons with aphasia. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNeil, MR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, 4033 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU PSYCHOLOGY PRESS PI HOVE PA 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0268-7038 J9 APHASIOLOGY JI Aphasiology PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10-11 BP 991 EP 1006 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 483EW UT WOS:000171621600010 ER PT J AU Unutzer, J Rubenstein, L Katon, WJ Tang, LQ Duan, N Lagomasino, IT Wells, KB AF Unutzer, J Rubenstein, L Katon, WJ Tang, LQ Duan, N Lagomasino, IT Wells, KB TI Two-year effects of quality improvement programs on medication management for depression SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID TREATING MAJOR DEPRESSION; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; LONG-TERM OUTCOMES; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; MENTAL-DISORDERS; GUIDELINES; INTERVENTIONS; STRATEGIES; IMPACT AB Background: Significant underuse of evidence-based treatments for depression persists in primary care. We examined the effects of 2 primary care-based quality improvement (QI) programs on medication management for depression. Methods: A total of 1356 patients with depressive symptoms (60% with depressive disorders and 40% with subthreshold depression) from 46 primary care practices in 6 nonacademic managed care organizations were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of QI for depression. Clinics were randomized to usual care or to 1 of 2 QI programs that involved training of local experts who worked with patients' regular primary care providers (physicians and nurse practitioners) to improve care for depression. In the QI-medications program, depression nurse specialists provided patient education and assessment and followed up patients taking antidepressants for up to 12 months. In the QI-therapy program, depression nurse specialists provided patient education, assessment, and referral to study-trained psychotherapists. Results: Participants enrolled in both QI programs had significantly higher rates of antidepressant use than those in the usual care group during the initial 6 months of the study (52% in the QI-medications group, 40% in the QI-therapy group, and 33% in the usual care group). Patients in the QI-medications group had higher rates of antidepressant use and a reduction in long-term use of minor tranquilizers for up to 2 years, compared with patients in the QI-therapy or usual care group. Conclusions: Quality improvement programs for depression in which mental health specialists collaborate with primary care providers can substantially increase rates of antidepressant treatment. Active follow-up by a depression nurse specialist in the QI-medications program was associated with longer-term increases in antidepressant use than in the QI model without such follow-up. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Unutzer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, 10920 Wilshire Blvd,Suite 300, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [R01-HS08349]; NIMH NIH HHS [P50 MH54623] NR 34 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 2001 VL 58 IS 10 BP 935 EP 942 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.10.935 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 478YB UT WOS:000171375400006 PM 11576031 ER PT J AU Kane, JM Marder, SR Schooler, NR Wirshing, WC Umbricht, D Baker, RW Wirshing, DA Safferman, A Ganguli, R McMeniman, M Borenstein, M AF Kane, JM Marder, SR Schooler, NR Wirshing, WC Umbricht, D Baker, RW Wirshing, DA Safferman, A Ganguli, R McMeniman, M Borenstein, M TI Clozapine and haloperidol in moderately refractory schizophrenia - A 6-month randomized and double-blind comparison SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID VIEW AB Background: Despite the demonstrated efficacy of clozapine in severely refractory schizophrenia, questions remain regarding its efficacy for primary negative symptoms, comparison With a moderate dose of a first-generation antipsychotic, and adverse effects during a longer-term trial. This study examined its efficacy in partially responsive, community-based patients, compared clozapine with moderate-dose haloperidol, and extended treatment to 6 months. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, 29-week trial comparing clozapine (n = 37) with haloperidol (n = 34). Subjects with schizophrenia who were being treated in community settings at 3 collaborating clinical facilities were enrolled. Results: Subjects treated with haloperidol were significantly more likely to discontinue treatment for lack of efficacy (51%) than were those treated with clozapine (12%). A higher proportion of clozapine- treated subjects met an a priori criterion of improvement (57%) compared with haloperidol-treated subjects (25%). Significantly greater improvement was seen in symptoms of psychosis, hostile-suspiciousness, anxiety-depression, thought disturbance, and total score measured on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. No differences were detected in negative symptoms using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale or the Schedule for Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Subjects treated with clozapine experienced more excess salivation, dizziness, and sweating and less dry mouth and decreased appetite than those treated with haloperidol. Conclusions: Compared with a first-generation antipsychotic given in a moderate dose, clozapine offers substantial clinical benefits to treatment-refractory subjects who can be treated in the community. Advantages are seen in a broad range of symptoms but do not extend to negative symptoms. C1 Hillside Hosp, N Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Glen Oaks, NY 11004 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Zurich, Hosp Psychiat, Dept Psychiat, Zurich, Switzerland. Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. Pfizer Pharmaceut Inc, New York, NY USA. RP Kane, JM (reprint author), Hillside Hosp, N Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Glen Oaks, NY 11004 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH46484, MH46613, MH46672] NR 30 TC 125 Z9 129 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 2001 VL 58 IS 10 BP 965 EP 972 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.10.965 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 478YB UT WOS:000171375400011 PM 11576036 ER PT J AU Yueh, B Souza, PE McDowell, JA Collins, MP Loovis, CF Hedrick, SC Ramsey, SD Deyo, RA AF Yueh, B Souza, PE McDowell, JA Collins, MP Loovis, CF Hedrick, SC Ramsey, SD Deyo, RA TI Randomized trial of amplification strategies SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Auditory-Society CY APR 08, 2000 CL SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA SP Amer Audit Soc ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; DIGITAL HEARING-AIDS; MENTAL STATE; IMPAIRMENT; EFFICACY AB Background: Little is known about quality of life after the use of specific types of hearing aids, so it is difficult to determine whether technologies such as programmable circuits and directional microphones are worth the added expense. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of an assistive listening device, a nonprogrammable nondirectional microphone hearing aid, with that of a programmable directional microphone hearing aid against the absence of amplification. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Audiology clinic at the VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash. Patients: Sixty veterans with bilateral moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss completed the trial. Half the veterans (n = 30) had hearing loss that the Veterans Affairs clinic determined was rated as "service connected," which meant that they were eligible for Veterans Affairs-issued hearing aids. Intervention: Veterans with non-service-connected hearing loss, who were ineligible for Veterans Affairs-issued hearing aids, were randomly assigned to no amplification (control arm) or to receive an assistive listening device. Veterans with service-connected loss were randomly assigned to receive either the nonprogrammable hearing aid that is routinely issued ("conventional") or a programmable aid with a directional microphone ("programmable"). Main Outcome Measures: Hearing-related quality of life, self-rated communication ability, adherence to use, and willingness to pay for the amplification devices (measured 3 months after fitting). Results: Clear distinctions were observed between all 4 arms. The mean improvement in hearing-related quality of life (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly) scores was small for control patients (2.2 points) and patients who received an assistive listening device (4.4 points), excellent for patients who received a conventional device (17.4 points), and substantial for patients who received a programmable device (31.1 points) (P<.001 by the analysis of variance test). Qualitative analyses of free-text diary entries, self-reported communication ability (Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit) scores, adherence to hearing aid use, and willingness to pay for replacement devices showed similar trends. Conclusions: A programmable hearing aid with a directional microphone had the highest level of effectiveness in the veteran population. A nonprogrammable hearing aid with an omnidirectional microphone was also effective compared with an assistive listening device or no amplification. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg & Perioperat Care Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Rehabil Care Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Ctr Cost & Outcomes REs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Yueh, B (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv 112OTO, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 NR 32 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 127 IS 10 BP 1197 EP 1204 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 480CJ UT WOS:000171444100006 PM 11587599 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, SG Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Rentschler, AJ AF Fitzgerald, SG Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Rentschler, AJ TI Comparison of fatigue life for 3 types of manual wheelchairs SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE durable medical equipment; materials testing; reimbursement mechanisms; rehabilitation; United States AB Objectives: To examine 3 types of manual wheelchairs-ultralight wheelchairs (UWs), lightweight wheelchairs (LWs), and depot wheelchairs (DWs)-and to compare the fatigue life between the wheelchair types. Design: A database of different manual wheelchairs tested according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Fatigue life was determined by using standards that define methods accepted internationally using double-drum and curb-drop testing equipment. Setting: A rehabilitation engineering center. Specimens: Sixty-one manual wheelchairs: 25 DWs, 22 UWs, and 14 LWs. Main Outcome Measures: Wheelchairs were examined for differences in fatigue life based on equivalent cycles. Unique survival curves were fit and compared for each wheelchair type. Results: The UWs lasted the longest, with a mean of 309,362 equivalent cycles. The DWs faired the worst, with a mean of 117,210 equivalent cycles. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves Were significantly different (p < .001). with the UWs having the longest fatigue life. Conclusion: Fatigue life for UWs is significantly greater (p < .05) than LWs and DWs, indicating wheelchairs differ in durability. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Fitzgerald, SG (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, 151-RI,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 15 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 82 IS 10 BP 1484 EP 1488 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.26139 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 479NQ UT WOS:000171410800023 PM 11588758 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZX Wu, X Limbaugh, BH Bridges, SL AF Zhang, ZX Wu, X Limbaugh, BH Bridges, SL TI Expression of recombination-activating genes and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and secondary rearrangement of immunoglobulin kappa light chains in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Autoantibodies and Autoimmunity Workshop CY JUN 24-28, 1999 CL OSLO, NORWAY ID B-CELLS; RECEPTOR REVISION; GERMINAL-CENTERS; HEPATITIS-C; LYMPHOCYTES; MEMBRANE; PATIENT; DIFFERENTIATION; INTERLEUKIN-7; ANTIBODIES AB Objective. Lymphocytic infiltrates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium often resemble lymphoid follicles and contain clonally related Ig transcripts, suggesting in situ antigen-dependent B cell selection. Recent reports have shown expression of recombination-activating genes (RAGs) and concurrent secondary rearrangement of Ig genes in normal peripheral lymphoid organs (receptor revision). We sought to determine if RAG-mediated receptor revision of Ig kappa light chains occurs in B cells within the RA synovium. Because we previously reported enhanced N-region addition at V-L-J(L) joins in clonally expanded light-chain transcripts from RA synovium, we also sought expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), which is normally expressed only in B cell precursors or immature B cells. Methods. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect RAG and TdT transcripts from unselected and B cell-enriched synovial and peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 12 RA patients. Activity of RAG protein was sought using ligation-mediated PCR to detect recombination intermediates, and immunohistochemistry was performed to identify RAG+ cells within synovia. Results. We found evidence of RAG-mediated secondary Ig ic light chain rearrangements in about one-third of RA synovia. TdT expression was found in several samples, but did not correlate with RAG expression. Conclusion. RAG-mediated secondary Ig rearrangements of kappa light chains may contribute to the local production of antibodies to autoantigens (e.g., rheumatoid factor) or exogenous antigens, or it may represent a failed attempt at immune tolerance. TdT expression suggests the presence of immature B cells in RA synovia. These findings have important implications for the local generation of antibodies in RA and other chronic inflammatory diseases. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Bridges, SL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, 415 Lyons Harrison Res Bldg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R29-AR-44243] NR 35 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2275 EP 2284 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200110)44:10<2275::AID-ART390>3.0.CO;2-K PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 498CB UT WOS:000172491300010 PM 11665968 ER PT J AU Goodman, GE Schaffer, S Bankson, DD Hughes, MP Omenn, GS AF Goodman, GE Schaffer, S Bankson, DD Hughes, MP Omenn, GS CA CARET Co-Investigators TI Predictors of serum selenium in cigarette smokers and the lack of association with lung and prostate cancer risk SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID EFFICACY TRIAL CARET; BETA-CAROTENE; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VITAMIN-E; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TIN MINERS; PREVENTION; APOPTOSIS; TOENAILS; DISEASE AB Epidemiological studies have suggested that low levels of selenium are associated with a higher incidence of both lung and prostate cancer. We analyzed the selenium serum concentration in 356 Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) participants who later developed lung cancer and 356 matched controls and in 235 prostate cancer cases and 456 matched controls. Serum samples were obtained a mean of 4.7 years before diagnosis for both tumor types. Controls were matched to cases by year of randomization, age, smoking status, treatment arm, exposure population (asbestos workers or cigarette smokers), and year of blood draw. In the control population (it = 820), significant predictors of low serum selenium concentration were current smoking status and East Coast locations of the study center. Overall, there was no significant difference in mean serum selenium in lung cancer cases versus controls (11.91 mug/dl versus 11.77 mug/dl) or prostate cancer cases versus controls (11.48 mug/dl versus 11.43 mug/dl). No statistically significant trend in odds ratio was seen across quartiles of serum selenium for lung cancer (P = 0.49) or prostate cancer (P = 0.69). In a subpopulation of 174 prostate cancer patients who had clinical and pathological staging material reviewed, there was no association between serum selenium and Gleason score or clinical or pathological stage. In the CARET population of current and former smokers consuming an ad libitum diet, the serum concentration of selenium was not a risk factor for either lung cancer or prostate cancer. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Swedish Med Ctr, Tumor Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Washington State Univ, Toxicol Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Goodman, GE (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1100 Fairview Ave N,MP859,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. OI Omenn, Gilbert S./0000-0002-8976-6074 FU NCI NIH HHS [2 U01 CA63673]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK35816] NR 37 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1069 EP 1076 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 480ZH UT WOS:000171492900008 PM 11588133 ER PT J AU Zhong, WX Oberley, TD AF Zhong, WX Oberley, TD TI Redox-mediated effects of selenium on apoptosis and cell cycle in the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; HUMAN TUMOR-CELLS; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; CARCINOMA-CELLS; IN-VITRO; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; INTERVENTION TRIALS; MALIGNANT PHENOTYPE; NIH/3T3 FIBROBLASTS AB The effects of selenium exposure were studied in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells, and this same cell line adapted to selenium over 6 months to compare acute versus chronic effects of sodium selenite, the latter most closely resembling human clinical trials on the effects of selenium in cancer prevention and therapy. Our results demonstrated that oxidative stress was induced by sodium selenite at high concentrations in both acute and chronic treatments, but outcomes were different. After acute exposure to selenite, cells exhibited mitochondrial injury and cell death, mainly apoptosis. After chronic exposure to selenite, cells showed growth inhibition caused by cell cycle arrest, increased numbers of mitochondria and levels of mitochondrial enzymes, and only minimal induction of apoptosis. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that multiple proteins were up-regulated by chronic exposure to selenite. Among them, only up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1/Cip1), proteins known to be redox sensitive and to have cell cycle regulatory functions, correlated with cell growth inhibition. Our results in selenite-adapted cells suggest that selenium may exert its effects in human prostate cancer cells by altering intracellular redox state, which subsequently results in cell cycle block. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pathol Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 56 TC 127 Z9 131 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 19 BP 7071 EP 7078 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 479PB UT WOS:000171411800021 PM 11585738 ER PT J AU Urban, AW Safdar, N Wand, PJ Brown-Elliott, BA Wallace, RJ AF Urban, AW Safdar, N Wand, PJ Brown-Elliott, BA Wallace, RJ TI A cluster of Mycobacterium lentiflavum clinical isolates originally identified as M. simiae complex SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Texas Hlth Ctr, Tyler, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 333 BP 1145 EP 1145 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900359 ER PT J AU Gorse, GJ O'Connor, TZ Young, SL Bradley, SF Nichol, KL Strickland, JH Paulson, DM Foster, RA Fulambarker, A Shigeoka, JW Stasek, JE Boardman, K Mendelman, PM AF Gorse, GJ O'Connor, TZ Young, SL Bradley, SF Nichol, KL Strickland, JH Paulson, DM Foster, RA Fulambarker, A Shigeoka, JW Stasek, JE Boardman, K Mendelman, PM TI Efficacy of live, cold-adapted, influenza virus vaccine, trivalent (CAIV-T) and inactivated influenza virus vaccine (TVV) in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A VA cooperative study SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, St Louis, MO 63125 USA. VA Cooperat Study Program, W Haven, CT USA. VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. VA Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Richmond, VA 23249 USA. VA Med Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, N Chicago, IL 60064 USA. VA Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. VA Clin Res Pharm Coordinating Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. Aviron, Mt View, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 364 BP 1150 EP 1150 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900390 ER PT J AU Wanahita, A Goldsmith, EA Musher, DM Clarridge, JE Rubio, J Trial, J AF Wanahita, A Goldsmith, EA Musher, DM Clarridge, JE Rubio, J Trial, J TI Interaction between human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and Streptococcus milleri group bacteria SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 585 BP 1188 EP 1188 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900611 ER PT J AU Shelburne, SA Hamill, RJ Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Greenberg, SB Gathe, JC Trautner, B Visnegarwala, T Atmar, RL AF Shelburne, SA Hamill, RJ Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Greenberg, SB Gathe, JC Trautner, B Visnegarwala, T Atmar, RL TI Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRS): Emergence of a unique syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. VAMC, Houston, TX USA. Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Pk Plaza Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Thomas St Clin, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 660 BP 1201 EP 1201 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900686 ER PT J AU Cornia, PB Amory, JK Fraser, S Saint, S Lipsky, BA AF Cornia, PB Amory, JK Fraser, S Saint, S Lipsky, BA TI Computerized order entry decreases duration of indwelling urinary catheterization SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 7 MA 803 BP 1225 EP 1225 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 476KU UT WOS:000171226900829 ER PT J AU Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Walsh, TJ Chaturvedi, V Espinel-Ingroff, A Ghannoum, MA Gosey, LL Odds, FC Rinaldi, MG Sheehan, DJ Warnock, DW AF Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Walsh, TJ Chaturvedi, V Espinel-Ingroff, A Ghannoum, MA Gosey, LL Odds, FC Rinaldi, MG Sheehan, DJ Warnock, DW TI Antifungal susceptibility testing: Practical aspects and current challenges SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID IN-VITRO SUSCEPTIBILITY; AMPHOTERICIN-B SUSCEPTIBILITY; BROTH MICRODILUTION METHODS; FLUCONAZOLE-RESISTANT CANDIDA; LABORATORY STANDARDS METHOD; MEDIATED GROWTH-INHIBITION; VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; TIME-KILL METHODS; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS C1 Univ Texas, Sch Med, Ctr Study Emerging & Reemerging Pathogens, Dept Internal Med,Div Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NCI, Pediat Branch, Infect Dis Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12201 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Dermatol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Inst Med Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Pfizer Inc, Pfizer Pharmaceut Grp, New York, NY 10017 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rex, JH (reprint author), 6431 Fannin,1728 JFB, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 218 TC 260 Z9 284 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 643 EP 658 DI 10.1128/CMR.14.4.643-658.2001 PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 482KP UT WOS:000171575600001 PM 11585779 ER PT J AU Sorenson, SM Gentili, A AF Sorenson, SM Gentili, A TI Bladder herniation within the inguinal canal simulating Paget's disease SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bladder diseases; bone scan; computed tomography; inguinal hernia C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sorenson, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Gentili, Amilcare/G-1238-2013 OI Gentili, Amilcare/0000-0002-5623-7512 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 26 IS 10 BP 864 EP 866 DI 10.1097/00003072-200110000-00014 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 499BE UT WOS:000172550000014 PM 11564928 ER PT J AU Tian, W Cohen, DM AF Tian, W Cohen, DM TI Signaling and gene regulation by urea in cells of the mammalian kidney medulla SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT European-Society-for-Comparative-Physiology-and-Biochemistry Congress CY JUL, 2000 CL LIEGE, BELGIUM SP European Soc Comparat Physiol & Biochem DE hypertonicity; expression array; signal transduction; NaCl; urea; kidney; heat shock ID OSMOTIC RESPONSE ELEMENT; RENAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; COLLECTING DUCT CELLS; MDCK CELLS; HYPEROSMOTIC STRESS; DEPENDENT PATHWAY; BINDING PROTEIN; MIMCD3 CELLS; EXPRESSION; KINASE AB Signaling by urea, although incompletely understood, is relevant both to cells of the mammalian kidney inner medulla and to all cells of the organism in the setting of advanced renal failure with its attendant accumulation of urea in the systemic circulation. The molecular events initiated by urea stress are distinct from those occurring in response to hypertonic stress; urea. activates a characteristic subset of signaling events, which are in large part specific to cultured renal tubular epithelial cells. Interestingly, urea is protective of hypertonic NaCl-inducible apoptosis in this model. Details of this phenomenon are reviewed. The effect of urea has been likened to that of either hypertonicity or of a peptide mitogen. In preliminary expression array analyses, the profile of genes activated by urea stress in renal medullary cells, however, was found to be unique. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Mol Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cohen, DM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, 3314 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,Mailcode PP262, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 130 IS 3 SI SI BP 429 EP 436 DI 10.1016/S1095-6433(01)00441-X PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 486NH UT WOS:000171823500009 PM 11913456 ER PT J AU Halban, PA Kahn, SE Lernmark, A Rhodes, CJ AF Halban, PA Kahn, SE Lernmark, A Rhodes, CJ TI Gene and cell-replacement therapy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes - How high must the standards be set? SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELL; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; INSULIN-SECRETION; GRANULE BIOGENESIS; HUMAN PROINSULIN; NORMAL MEN; NOD MOUSE; EXPRESSION; MELLITUS; STIMULATION AB Recent advances in molecular and cell biology may allow for the development of novel strategies for the treatment and cure of type 1 diabetes. In particular, it is now possible to envisage restoration of insulin secretion by gene or cell-replacement therapy. The beta -cell is, however, remarkably sophisticated, and many of the features of this highly differentiated secretory cell will have to be faithfully mimicked in surrogate cells. In particular, insulin is normally secreted in a well-regulated fashion in rapid response to the metabolic needs of the individual and most specifically (but not exclusively) to changes in circulating levels of glucose. Such regulated secretion will be indispensable in order to avoid both hyper- and hypoglycemic episodes and depends on the ability of cells to store insulin in secretory granules before exocytosis in response to physiological stimuli. Furthermore, any newly created insulin-secreting cell will have to be able to adapt to alterations in insulin requirements that accompany changes with exercise, body weight, and aging. Fine tuning of insulin secretion over the longer term will also be important to avoid "clinical shifting" that could be caused by over-insulinization, including increased adiposity and cardiovascular disease. Finally, it will be necessary to ensure that newly created or implanted (surrogate) beta -cells are protected in some way from recognition by the immune system and in particular from autoimmune destruction. C1 Univ Geneva, Med Ctr, Louis Jeantet Res Labs, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Robert H Williams Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA USA. Pacific NW Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Halban, PA (reprint author), Ctr Med Univ Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42380]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK50610, DK02654, DK26190, DK353004, DK47919, DK50703, DK55267] NR 70 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 2001 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2181 EP 2191 DI 10.2337/diabetes.50.10.2181 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 477KR UT WOS:000171283200001 PM 11574396 ER PT J AU Larme, AC Pugh, JA AF Larme, AC Pugh, JA TI Evidence-based guidelines meet the real world - The case of diabetes care SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MELLITUS; MANAGEMENT; PHYSICIAN; PATIENT; ORGANIZATION; EXPERIENCE; ATTITUDES; BARRIERS; SYSTEM AB OBJECTIVE - Improving diabetes care in the U.S. is critical because diabetes rates are increasing dramatically, particularly among minority and low-income populations. Although evidence-based practice guidelines for diabetes have been widely disseminated, many physicians fail to implement them. The objective of this study was to explore what happens to diabetes practice guidelines in real-world clinical settings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A qualitative research design was used. Open-ended semistructured interviews lasting 1-2 h were conducted with 32 key informants (physicians, certified diabetes educators, researchers, and agency personnel) selected for their knowledge of diabetes care in South Texas, an area with a high diabetes prevalence and a large proportion of minority and low-income patients. RESULTS - Health professionals stress that contextual factors are more important barriers to optimal diabetes care than physician knowledge and attitudes. Barriers exist at multiple levels and are interrelated in a complex manner. Examples include the following: time constraints and practice economics in the private practice setting; the need to maintain referral relationships and maldistribution of professionals in the practice community; low awareness and low socioeconomic status among patients; and lack of access for low-income patients, low reimbursement, and insufficient focus on prevention in the U.S. health care system. CONCLUSIONS - Contextual barriers must be addressed in order for diabetes practice guidelines to be implemented in real-world clinical practice. Suggested changes include an increased focus on prevention, improvements in health care delivery for chronic diseases, and increased attention to the special needs of minority and low-income populations. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Dev Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Larme, AC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7795, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [HS07397] NR 27 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD OCT PY 2001 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1728 EP 1733 DI 10.2337/diacare.24.10.1728 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 478AW UT WOS:000171321600005 PM 11574433 ER PT J AU Royall, DR Rauch, R Roman, GC Cordes, JA Polk, MJ AF Royall, DR Rauch, R Roman, GC Cordes, JA Polk, MJ TI Frontal MRI findings associated with impairment oh the executive interview (EXIT25) SO EXPERIMENTAL AGING RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL STATE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; BEDSIDE ASSESSMENT; QUALITATIVE EVALUATION; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DYSFUNCTION AB We examined the association between the Executive Interview (EXIT25), a bedside measure of executive control, and regional magnetic resonance imaging (MR[) pathology among 52 consecutive geriatric patients presenting to a university dementia assessment clinic, Left frontal (p <.002), left medial (p <.03), right frontal (p <.02), and right medial (p <.02) cortical lesions significantly worsened EXIT25 scores, even after adjusting for age, global cognitive impairment (our the Mini-Mental State Examination), and the severity of cortical dementia on the Qualitative Evaluation of Dementia [QED]. The EXIT25's associations with right hemisphere lesions did not persist after adjusting for left frontal lesions. Left posterior lesions did not significantly affect the EXIT25. Similarly, left frontal circuit pathology worsened EXIT25 scores (p <.05). Pathology in left anterior subcortical structures showed a trend (p =.052). EXIT25 scores were not affected by right subcortical pathology, nor by pathology in either hippocampus. We conclude that the EXIT25 is specifically affected by frontal system MRI lesions, particularly on the left. This conclusion is consistent with earlier functional neuroimaging studies associating EXIT25 performance with left mesiofrontal perfusion. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Dept Med Neurol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Royall, DR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 55 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-073X J9 EXP AGING RES JI Exp. Aging Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2001 VL 27 IS 4 BP 293 EP 308 DI 10.1080/03610730109342350 PG 16 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology GA 486ZH UT WOS:000171848900001 PM 11681194 ER PT J AU Tornatore, J Lewis, M Narayan, S Sherman, C Bremer, K Hepburn, K AF Tornatore, J Lewis, M Narayan, S Sherman, C Bremer, K Hepburn, K TI Two perspectives on caring for a spouse with dementia: More work or an affirmation of the relationship? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Metropolitan State Univ, St Paul, MN 55106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360400146 ER PT J AU Villa, VM Harada, N AF Villa, VM Harada, N TI The aging Vietnam veteran: Evidence of health vulnerabilities SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360400165 ER PT J AU Ruckdeschel, K Van Haitsma, K AF Ruckdeschel, K Van Haitsma, K TI A workshop for nursing home staff: Recognizing and responding to their own and residents' emotions SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Geriatr Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 196 EP 197 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360400695 ER PT J AU Hazuda, HP Gerety, MB Lee, S Mulrow, CD Lichtenstein, MJ AF Hazuda, HP Gerety, MB Lee, S Mulrow, CD Lichtenstein, MJ TI The ADAPT: A new measure of subclinical disability (SCD) SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 257 EP 257 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360400912 ER PT J AU Plowman, JL Siddle, J Fox, AR AF Plowman, JL Siddle, J Fox, AR TI The mobile geriatric unit (MGU): A GRECC demonstration project SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 333 EP 334 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360401187 ER PT J AU Fink, DJ AF Fink, DJ TI Stroke update: Current therapy and prospects for the future SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 348 EP 348 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360401240 ER PT J AU Hedrick, SC AF Hedrick, SC TI Outcomes of Medicaid funded community residential care in Washington State SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 361 EP 361 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360401284 ER PT J AU Kier, FJ Molinari, V Kunik, ME AF Kier, FJ Molinari, V Kunik, ME TI Obtaining age-related mental health competency: What is needed? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2001 VL 41 SI 1 BP 381 EP 382 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 478TA UT WOS:000171360401361 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE AF El-Serag, HB Everhart, JE TI Does diabetes increase the risk of acute hepatic failure?. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 491 BP 295A EP 295A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700485 ER PT J AU Heathcote, EJ Jeffers, L Perrillo, R Wright, T Sherman, M Gilson, R Shakil, AO Namini, H James, C Ho, V Fry, J Brosgart, CL AF Heathcote, EJ Jeffers, L Perrillo, R Wright, T Sherman, M Gilson, R Shakil, AO Namini, H James, C Ho, V Fry, J Brosgart, CL TI Serum HBV DNA suppression and seroconversion following long-term adefovir dipivoxil therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Toronto Western Hosp, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Ochsner Clin N 8, New Orleans, LA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. Mortimer Market Ctr, London, England. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. RI Gilson, Richard/C-5123-2009 NR 0 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 575 BP 316A EP 316A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700569 ER PT J AU Sandberg, JA Rossi, SJ Gordon, GS Turik, MA Braun, DK Aitchison, R Babcock, SA Hansen, B Wright, T Blatt, LM AF Sandberg, JA Rossi, SJ Gordon, GS Turik, MA Braun, DK Aitchison, R Babcock, SA Hansen, B Wright, T Blatt, LM TI Safety analysis of a phase I study of HEPTAZYME (TM), a nuclease resistant ribozyme targeting hepatitis C (HCV) RNA. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ribozyme Pharmaceut Inc, Boulder, CO USA. San Francisco VAMC, San Francisco, CA USA. Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 646 BP 333A EP 333A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700640 ER PT J AU Hampel, H Rabeneck, L El-Serag, HB AF Hampel, H Rabeneck, L El-Serag, HB TI "Extrahepatic" disorders associated with hepatitis C infection: A case-control study. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 681 BP 342A EP 342A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700674 ER PT J AU Bini, E Brau, N Ho, S Johnson, D Rossi, SJ Jeffers, L Wright, T AF Bini, E Brau, N Ho, S Johnson, D Rossi, SJ Jeffers, L Wright, T TI Current HCV therapies do not meet the needs of the majority of US veterans. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 New York Harbor VAMC, New York, NY USA. Bronx VAMC, Bronx, NY USA. Minneapolis VAMC, Minneapolis, MN USA. Bay Pines VAMC, Bay Pines, FL USA. San Francisco VAMC, San Francisco, CA USA. Miami VAMC, Miami, FL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 991 BP 420A EP 420A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700983 ER PT J AU Jackson, TE Brown-Ausberger, T Hillgren, K Rossi, SJ Wright, T Blatt, L Turik, M Sandberg, JA AF Jackson, TE Brown-Ausberger, T Hillgren, K Rossi, SJ Wright, T Blatt, L Turik, M Sandberg, JA TI Pharmacokinetic analysis of a phase I study of HEPTAZYME (TM) in patients with HCV infection. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ribozyme Pharmaceut Inc, Westminster, CO USA. Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. San Francisco VAMC, San Francisco, CA USA. Ribozyme Pharmaceut Inc, Boulder, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 994 BP 420A EP 420A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224700986 ER PT J AU Sugimoto, K Stadanlick, J Brensinger, C Rensman, B Chang, KM AF Sugimoto, K Stadanlick, J Brensinger, C Rensman, B Chang, KM TI Effect of host ethnicity and viral genotype in immnopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1232 BP 480A EP 480A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701224 ER PT J AU Brau, N Bini, EJ Aytaman, A Finch, DA Stancic, S AF Brau, N Bini, EJ Aytaman, A Finch, DA Stancic, S TI Migraine headaches during treatment with oral ribavirin in combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. VA New York Harbor HCS, New York, NY USA. VA New York Harbor HCS, Brooklyn, NY USA. VA Hudson Valley HCS, Montrose, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1694 BP 595A EP 595A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701685 ER PT J AU Brau, N Xiao, PY Finch, DA Lieber, CS AF Brau, N Xiao, PY Finch, DA Lieber, CS TI Interferon dose increase for early (week 12) non-responders to interferon alfa-2b+ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C does not lead to a viral response at 48 weeks. SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 SU S MA 1703 BP 598A EP 598A PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476KE UT WOS:000171224701694 ER PT J AU Eisenstein, EM Eisenstein, D Smith, JC AF Eisenstein, EM Eisenstein, D Smith, JC TI The evolutionary significance of habituation and sensitization across phylogeny: A behavioral homeostasis model SO INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE habituation; sensitization; evolution; learning; behavior; homeostasis; behavioral homeostasis; sensoristasis ID WITHDRAWAL REFLEX; DISHABITUATION; APLYSIA AB The phenomenon of habituation may be interpreted as a process that has evolved for filtering out iterative stimuli of little present relevance. That habituation is seen in aneural as well as neural organisms throughout phylogeny with remarkably similar characteristics suggests that its role is an important one in animal survival. If habituation is to be viewed as a process to filter out iterative stimuli that have no significant consequences. then how is sensitization to be viewed? One way of viewing these two behavioral changes, i.e. habituation and sensitization, is that they are homeostatic processes which optimize an organism's likelihood of detecting and assessing the significance of a stimulus in a new iterative series or a change in it. If one views the level of initial responsiveness to a new stimulus as a function of an organism's threshold just prior to stimulus occurrence, then "high responders" (i.e. those who initially react more strongly) are assumed to have a lower threshold for detecting and assessing the significance of this stimulus than are the "low responders" (i.e. those who initially react more weakly). Thus, high-responders would initially receive more sensory input and progressively decrease their responsiveness to a non-threatening stimulus (habituation). Likewise, initial low-responders would receive less sensory input followed by a decreased threshold and an increased response to the next stimulus occurrence (sensitization). The level of responsiveness achieved in both habituaters and sensitizers, as an asymptote is approached, is a balance between being too sensitive to an unimportant stimulus (and possibly missing other significant stimuli) and being too insensitive, and missing a change in the relevance of the present stimulus. These response changes can be taken as indices of the organism's mechanisms for achieving an appropriate threshold level to an iterative stimulus in order to accurately assess its present significance and then eventually to asymptote at an optimal stable response level. This approach toward an asymptote is a behavioral homeostatic process that reflects the accumulated significance of the iterative stimulus at each occurrence. The purpose of adding "behavioral" to the term "homeostasis" is to extend the usual meaning of the concept from primarily internal processes to also include (a) iterative external stimulation, (b) the organism's initial threshold to the initial stimulus as well as (c) the behavior which results from it. Since we are discussing organisms that range from intact, single-celled protozoa to intact mammals, as well as surgically simplified preparations, the terms stimulus, response and behavior will be used broadly. While other investigators have focused on specific cellular mechanisms underlying habituation and sensitization in a given organism, this paper focuses on the adaptive significance of these two behavioral processes viewed across phylogeny. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Fed Bur Invest, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Eisenstein, EM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Res & Dev 695-151, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 1053-881X J9 INTEGR PHYS BEH SCI JI Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci. PD OCT-DEC PY 2001 VL 36 IS 4 BP 251 EP 265 DI 10.1007/BF02688794 PG 15 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 548DT UT WOS:000175373900001 ER PT J AU Mistry, R Rosansky, J McGuire, J McDermott, C Jarvik, L AF Mistry, R Rosansky, J McGuire, J McDermott, C Jarvik, L CA UPBEAT Collaborative Grp TI Social isolation predicts re-hospitalization in a group of older American veterans enrolled in the UPBEAT Program SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE elderly; older; veteran; social; networks; support; isolations; health; service; utilization ID HEALTH-SERVICES; SUPPORT; READMISSION; POPULATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MORTALITY; DISTRESS; IMPACT; ADULTS; MODEL AB Objectives Does social isolation predict re-hospitalization in a group of older men enrolled in Unified Psychogeriatric Biopsychosocial Evaluation and Treatment (UPBEAT), a mental health care-coordination project at nine Veterans Affairs Healthcare Centers nationwide? Methods The current study examined 123 UPBEAT patients located at West Los Angeles, whose ratings were available on the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS), the SF-36 scale, the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) and the Mental Health Index (MHI-38) Depression and Anxiety subscales. Within one year of enrollment, 55% of patients were re-hospitalized. Odds of re-hospitalization were calculated using two logistic regression models. Social isolation risk (LSNS) and demographic covariates were included. In addition, Model I contained depression and anxiety measures (MHI-38) and physician-rated medical burden (CIRS), while in Model 2, patient-perceived physical (PCS) and mental health (MCS) subscales from the SF-36 were included. Results The group of patients who were socially isolated or at high or moderate risk for isolation, were 4-5 times more likely to be re-hospitalized within the year, than low isolation risk patients. In both Models I (chi-square = 19.86; p = 0.031) and 2 (chi-square = 26.42; p = 0.002) demographic characteristics were not significant predictors of re-hospitalization, but social isolation risk was a significant predictor (Model 1: odds ratio (OR) = 5.31; 95% confidence intervals (Cl) = 1.81-15.53; and Model 2: OR = 3.86; 95% CI = 1.39-10.73). In addition, MHI-Anxiety was a significant predictor (OR = 1.22; 95% Cl = 1.05-1.43) in Model I and in Model 2, patient-perceived physical health significantly predicted re-hospitalization (OR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.86-0.96). Conclusion When controlling for other covariates, social isolation, physical health and mental health were significant risk factors for re-hospitalization. These findings underline the importance of assessing and addressing lack of social support, along with other factors, in the health care of older male veterans. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr 116S, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Policy & Social Sci Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mistry, R (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr 116S, Mail Code 116 S,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 16 IS 10 BP 950 EP 959 DI 10.1002/gps.447 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 486ZE UT WOS:000171848600004 PM 11607938 ER PT J AU Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME AF Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME TI Muscle-strength and gait-speed changes after bicycle exercise in participants with unilateral CVA SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular accident; bicycling; muscle strength ID ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC TEMPORAL ANALYSIS; STROKE; REHABILITATION; HEMIPARESIS; LOCOMOTION; VELOCITY AB The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bicycle exercise on knee-muscle strength and gait speed in 8 male participants with cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Isokinetic knee-extensor and -flexor strength were measured in both concentric- and eccentric-contraction modes. Fifty-foot walking tests were used for gait speed. After only 4 weeks of stationary recumbent cycling (12 sessions), participants improved eccentric muscle strength of the knee extensors, bilaterally. Walking-speed improvements approached but did not achieve significance with training. Improvement in concentric muscle strength of the knee extensors was observed in the involved limb, although most participants demonstrated a nonsignificant increase in muscle strength in the contralateral limb, as well. No improvements were demonstrated in the knee-flexor muscles. Thus. bicycle exercise serves to improve knee-extensor strength. In addition, these strength improvements might have implications for better control of walking in terms of bilateral improvement of eccentric muscle strength. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Mt St Marys Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, Los Angeles, CA USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Hlth & Performance Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Perell, KL (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1063-8652 J9 J AGING PHYS ACTIV JI J. Aging Phys. Act. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 9 IS 4 BP 386 EP 397 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Sport Sciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Sport Sciences GA 482UU UT WOS:000171596300004 ER PT J AU Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Morgan, BJ AF Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Morgan, BJ TI Exposure to hypoxia produces long-lasting sympathetic activation in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sympathetic nervous system; chemical stimuli ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; RAT BRAIN-STEM; ROSTRAL VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA; CHRONIC EPISODIC HYPOXIA; SYSTEMIC BLOOD-PRESSURE; BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; NERVE ACTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSES; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; C-FOS AB The relative contributions of hypoxia and hypercapnia. in causing persistent sympathoexcitation after exposure to the combined stimuli were assessed in nine healthy human subjects during wakefulness. Subjects were exposed to 20 min of isocapnic hypoxia (arterial O-2 saturation, 77-87%) and 20 min of normoxic hypercapnia (end-tidal PCO2, +5.3-8.6 Torr above eupnea) in random order on 2 separate days. The intensities of the chemical stimuli were manipulated in such a way that the two exposures increased sympathetic burst frequency by the same amount (hypoxia: 167 +/- 29% of baseline; hypercapnia: 171 +/- 23% of baseline). Minute ventilation increased to the same extent during the first 5 min of the exposures (hypoxia: +4.4 +/- 1.5 l/min; hypercapnia: +5.8 +/- 1.7 l/min) but declined with continued exposure to hypoxia and increased progressively during exposure to hypercapnia. Sympathetic activity returned to baseline soon after cessation of the hypercapnic stimulus. In contrast, sympathetic activity remained above baseline after withdrawal of the hypoxic stimulus, even though blood gases had normalized and ventilation returned to baseline levels. Consequently, during the recovery period, sympathetic burst frequency was higher in the hypoxia vs. the hypercapnia trial (166 +/- 21 vs. 104 +/- 15% of baseline in the last 5 min of a 20-min recovery period). We conclude that both hypoxia and hypercapnia cause substantial increases in sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle. Hypercapnia-evoked sympathetic activation is short-lived, whereas hypoxia-induced sympathetic activation outlasts the chemical stimulus. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pulm Physiol Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Xie, AL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pulm Physiol Lab, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 49 TC 135 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1555 EP 1562 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 474VV UT WOS:000171128300009 PM 11568136 ER PT J AU Conhaim, RL Watson, KE Lai-Fook, SJ Harms, BA AF Conhaim, RL Watson, KE Lai-Fook, SJ Harms, BA TI Transport properties of alveolar epithelium measured by molecular hetastarch absorption in isolated rat lungs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pulmonary edema; lung fluid balance; epithelial transport; epithelial permeability ID UNANESTHETIZED SHEEP; CLEARANCE; LIQUID; PROTEIN; PRESSURE; ALBUMIN AB To evaluate the transport properties of the alveolar epithelium, we instilled hetastarch (Het; 6%, 10 ml, 1 - 1 X 10(4) kDa) into the trachea of isolated rat lungs and then measured the molecular distribution of Het that entered the lung perfusate from the air space over 6 h. Het transport was driven by either diffusion or an oncotic gradient. Perfusate Het had a unique, bimodal molecular weight distribution, consisting of a narrow low-molecular-weight peak at 10-15 kDa (range, 5-46 kDa) and a broad high-molecular-weight band (range 46-2,000 kDa; highest at 288 kDa). We modeled the low-molecular-weight transport as (passive) restricted diffusion or osmotic flow through a small-pore system and the high-molecular-weight transport as passive transport through a large-pore system. The equivalent small-pore radius was 5.0 mn, with a distribution of 150 pores per alveolus. The equivalent large-pore radius was 17.0 nm, with a distribution of one pore per seven alveoli. The small-pore fluid conductivity (2 X 10(-5) ml.h(-1).cm(-2).mmHg(-1)) was 10-fold larger than that of the large-pore conductivity. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Kentucky, Ctr Biomed Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Conhaim, RL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Clin Sci Ctr H4 710, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1730 EP 1740 PG 11 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 474VV UT WOS:000171128300030 PM 11568157 ER PT J AU Choi, SJ Kurihara, N Oba, Y Roodman, GD AF Choi, SJ Kurihara, N Oba, Y Roodman, GD TI Osteoclast inhibitory peptide 2 inhibits osteoclast formation via its C-terminal fragment SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE osteoclast inhibitory peptide 2; osteoclasts; inhibitors; legumain; receptors ID ASPARAGINYL ENDOPEPTIDASE LEGUMAIN; BONE-RESORPTION; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CLONING; EFFICIENCY; RECEPTOR AB Osteoclast inhibitory peptide 2 (OIP-2) is a novel autocrine/paracrine factor produced by osteoclasts (OCLs) that inhibits bone resorption and OCL formation in vitro and in vivo. It is identical to the asparaginyl endopeptidase legumain. During maturation of OIP-2, a signal peptide and a 17-kDa C-terminal fragment (CTF) are cleaved to produce the mature enzyme. To determine if enzyme activity is required for inhibition of OCL formation or if only the CTF is responsible for these effects, we synthesized His-tagged complementary DNA (cDNA) constructs for the CTF of OIP-2, the proform of OIP-2, and the "mature enzyme" form of OIP-2. The proform or the CTF portion of OIP-2 inhibited OCL formation in a dose-dependent manner in murine bone marrow cultures stimulated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3]. The mature form of OIP-2, which was enzymatically active, did not inhibit OCL formation. In addition, OIP-2 inhibited OCL formation in cultures of highly purified human OCL precursor cells or RAW264.7 cells stimulated with 10 ng/ml of receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) ligand. Binding studies with His-tagged OIP-2 showed expression of a putative OIP-2 receptor on RAW264.7 cells treated with RANK ligand for 4 days and human marrow cultures treated with 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 for 3 weeks. These data show that the CTF of OIP-2, rather than the mature enzyme, mediates the inhibitory effects of OIP-2 through a putative receptor on OCL precursors. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, E1152 Biomed Sci Tower,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1804 EP 1811 DI 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.10.1804 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 475BP UT WOS:000171142000010 PM 11585344 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Park, RE Kahan, JP Leape, LL Kamberg, CJ Bernstein, SJ AF Shekelle, PG Park, RE Kahan, JP Leape, LL Kamberg, CJ Bernstein, SJ TI Sensitivity and specificity of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to identify the overuse and underuse of coronary revascularization and hysterectomy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quality of health care; sensitivity and specificity; coronary revascularization; hysterectomy ID NEW-YORK-STATE; BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; MEDICAL PROCEDURES; ANGIOGRAPHY; CARE; VALIDITY; CRITERIA; DISEASE; RISK AB There is no empirical evidence on the sensitivity and specificity of methods to identify the possible overuse and underuse of medical procedures. To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. Parallel three-way replication of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method for each of two procedures, coronary revascularization and hysterectomy. Maximum likelihood estimates of the sensitivity and specificity of the method for each procedure. These values were then used to re-calculate past estimates of overuse and underuse, correcting for the error rate in the appropriateness method. The sensitivity of detecting overuse of coronary revascularization was 68% (95% confidence interval 60-76%) and the specificity was 99% (98-100%). The corresponding values for hysterectomy were 89% (85-94%) and 86% (83-89%). The sensitivity and specificity of detecting the underuse of coronary revascularization were 94% (92-95%) and 97% (96-98%), respectively. Past applications of the appropriateness method have overestimated the prevalence of the over-use of hysterectomy, underestimated the prevalence of the overuse of the coronary revascularization. and provided true estimates of the underuse of revascularization. The sensitivity and specificity of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method vary according to the procedure assessed and appear to estimate the underuse of procedures more accurately than their overuse. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90066 USA. RAND, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Hlth Management, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ann Arbor VA Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS07185-02] NR 31 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1004 EP 1010 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00365-1 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 473MJ UT WOS:000171047800006 PM 11576811 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Campbell, EC Havey, J Sullivan, KA Mann, SC Gallop, R AF Caroff, SN Campbell, EC Havey, J Sullivan, KA Mann, SC Gallop, R TI Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with donepezil: A pilot study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting on Psychiatric Services CY OCT 25-29, 2000 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA ID CHOLINERGIC NEURONS AB Background: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) remains a significant clinical problem for which there is no uniformly effective treatment. Earlier trials with acetylcholine precursors may have been disappointing because of underlying damage to striatal cholinergic neurons in patients with TD. In contrast, new cholinesterase inhibitors, developed for the treatment of dementia, may improve TD by directly increasing cholinergic synaptic transmission. Method. We conducted an 8-week open-label trial of donepezil in the treatment of TD. Ten patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who received stable doses of antipsychotics and met DSM-IV criteria for TD were treated with donepezil, 5 to 10 mg/day, for 6 weeks after a 2-week baseline period. Changes in total Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores measured every 2 weeks were assessed for significance. Patients were also assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Barnes Akathisia Scale, and the Simpson-Angus Scale. Results: Total AIMS scores decreased significantly (p = .0009), with no changes in other measures. Nine patients showed a positive response. Improvement was greatest in orofacial and upper extremity movements. No significant interactions were noted between the total AIMS scores and age (p > .29), duration of TD (p > .38), or duration of antipsychotic treatment (p > .14). Conclusion. Donepezil appeared to be effective in suppressing TD in this pilot study. However, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies are necessary before donepezil can be recommended as a treatment for TD. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), Behav Hlth Serv, VA Med Ctr, 7 E 116A,Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 2001 VL 62 IS 10 BP 772 EP 775 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 494LN UT WOS:000172284200004 PM 11816865 ER PT J AU Saha, S Bindman, AB AF Saha, S Bindman, AB TI The mirage of available health care for the uninsured SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; MANAGED CARE; PHYSICIANS C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med,Primary Care Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Saha, S (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 16 IS 10 BP 714 EP 716 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 485RV UT WOS:000171773400011 PM 11679041 ER PT J AU Lee, SP Ko, CW AF Lee, SP Ko, CW TI Pronucleating proteins in bile - a myth? SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHOLESTEROL C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lee, SP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, POB 358280,111GI-A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 35 IS 4 BP 525 EP 526 DI 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00209-4 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 484RW UT WOS:000171704200014 PM 11682039 ER PT J AU Vemulapalli, RK Cantey, JR Steed, LL Knapp, TL Thielman, NM AF Vemulapalli, RK Cantey, JR Steed, LL Knapp, TL Thielman, NM TI Emergence of resistance to clarithromycin during treatment of disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infection: Case report and literature review SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY NOV 18-21, 1999 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID STERNAL WOUND INFECTIONS; FORTUITUM COMPLEX; ORGANISMS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ENDOCARDITIS; SUBGROUPS; DIALYSIS; KANSASII; AIDS; SKIN AB Results of in vitro susceptibility studies and one clinical trial have led to recommendations of clarithromycin monotherapy for the treatment of disseminated cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infections. We describe the case of a 65-year-old woman, immunocompromised by the use of chronic steroid therapy, who developed disseminated cutaneous infection with M. chelonae and failed clarithromycin monotherapy due to the development of drug resistance. In the relapse isolate we document the presence of a single point mutation at position 2058 in the gene coding for 23S rRNA peptidyltransferase regions, a mutation previously implicated in the development of resistance to clarithromycin. Two susceptible control isolates lacked the mutation. Three additional reports in the literature of patients developing recurrent skin lesions with clarithromycin-resistant M. chelonae following initial response to monotherapy are summarized. We demonstrate that clarithromycin monotherapy in patients with disseminated cutaneous infections can lead to clarithromycin resistance and therapeutic failure associated with a single point mutation at position 2058 of 23S rRNA. (C) 2001 The British Infection Society. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Dermatol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Thielman, NM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Internal Hlth, Box 3281,Room 0376,Orange Zone,Duke S, Durham, NC 27710 USA. NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 43 IS 3 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1053/jinf.2001.0880 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 492YQ UT WOS:000172195500001 PM 11798252 ER PT J AU Kim, BT Raghavendra, VL Sailor, KA Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ AF Kim, BT Raghavendra, VL Sailor, KA Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ TI Protective effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor on hippocampal neurons after traumatic brain injury in rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; neuron death; neuroprotection; traumatic brain injury; rat ID CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; BARRIER BREAKDOWN; HEAD-INJURY; DEATH; EXPRESSION; ASTROCYTES; RECEPTOR; GDNF; ISCHEMIA AB Object. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can protect against hippocampal neuronal death after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to moderate TBI with a controlled cortical impact device while in a state of halothane-induced anesthesia. Then, GDNF or artificial cerebrospinal fluid ([aCSF]; vehicle) was infused into the frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle. In eight brain-injured and eight sham-operated rats, GDNF was infused continuously for 7 days (200 ng/day intracerebroventricularly at a rate of 8.35 ng/0.5 mul/hour). An equal volume of vehicle was infused at the same rate into the remaining eight brain-injured and eight sham-operated rats. Seven days postinjury, all rats were killed. Their brains were sectioned and stained with cresyl violet, and the hippocampal neuronal loss was evaluated in the CA2 and CA3 regions with the aid of microscopy. A parallel set of sections from each brain was subjected to immunoreaction with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; astroglia marker). In the aCSF-treated group, TBI resulted in a significant neuronal loss in the CA2 (60%, p < 0.05) and CA3 regions (68%, p < 0.05) compared with the sham-operated control animals. Compared with control rats infused with aCSF, GDNF infusion significantly decreased the TBI-induced neuronal loss in both the CA2 (58%, p < 0.05) and CA3 regions (51%, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the number of GFAP-positive astroglial cells in the GDNF-infused rats in the TBI and sham-operated groups compared with the respective vehicle-treated groups. Conclusions. The authors found that GDNF treatment following TBI is neuroprotective. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Soonchunhyang Univ Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Seoul, South Korea. RP Dempsey, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, H4-336 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 32 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 95 IS 4 BP 674 EP 679 DI 10.3171/jns.2001.95.4.0674 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 478NQ UT WOS:000171352600017 PM 11596962 ER PT J AU Mata, M Zhang, MD Hu, XP Fink, DJ AF Mata, M Zhang, MD Hu, XP Fink, DJ TI HveC (nectin-1) is expressed at high levels in sensory neurons, but not in motor neurons, of the rat peripheral nervous system SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE herpesvirus 1; receptor; nectin; neurons ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN-1; POLIOVIRUS RECEPTOR; GLYCOPROTEIN-C; TYPE-1; ENTRY; CELLS; MEMBER; DOMAIN; BIND AB The entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 into cells is a complex process mediated in part by the binding of the HSV glycoprotein D (gD) to a specific cellular receptor identified as HveC, or nectin-1. We examined the distribution of HveC in sensory and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by immunocytochemistry. HveC is expressed at high levels in sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglion and their peripheral axons, at lower levels in motor neurons of spinal cord, and without detectable expression in motor nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junction. These results have implications regarding the tropism of HSV to specific neuronal populations, and for the construction of HSV-based vectors for the peripheral nervous system. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mol Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Fink, DJ (reprint author), S-520 Biomed Sci Tower,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 14 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1355-0284 J9 J NEUROVIROL JI J. Neurovirol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 7 IS 5 BP 476 EP 480 DI 10.1080/135502801753170336 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Virology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology GA 485LL UT WOS:000171755800010 PM 11582520 ER PT J AU Sultzer, DL Gray, KF Gunay, I Wheatley, MV Mahler, ME AF Sultzer, DL Gray, KF Gunay, I Wheatley, MV Mahler, ME TI Does behavioral improvement with haloperidol or trazodone treatment depend on psychosis or mood symptoms in patients with dementia? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; dementia; agitation; treatment; trazodone ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE PATIENTS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR; DOUBLE-BLIND; PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIORS; AGITATION; DISTURBANCES; SEROTONIN AB OBJECTIVES: Several previous studies have examined the effects of pharmacological interventions for agitated behavior in patients with dementia. However, the choice of medication in clinical practice continues to be directed largely by local pharmacotherapy culture rather than empirical treatment guidelines. We examined the relationship between behavioral improvement and co-occurring delusions and mood symptoms in patients with dementia who were treated with haloperidol, an antipsychotic medication, or trazodone, a serotonergic antidepressant. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 9-week treatment trial. SETTING: Inpatient geropsychiatry unit. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight patients with dementia and agitated or aggressive behaviors. INTERVENTION: Haloperidol 1 to 5 mg/day or trazodone 50 to 250 mg/day. MEASUREMENTS: Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D), and delusional thoughts subscale and hallucinations subscale of the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). RESULTS: CMAI scores improved in each treatment group over the 9 weeks of treatment (P < .001 in each group). Within the haloperidol treatment group, CMAI improvement was not associated with baseline delusional thoughts score or with change in delusional thoughts score over the course of treatment. Within the trazodone treatment group, CMAI improvement was associated with baseline score on total Ham-D (r = -0.60, P = .02), Ham-D items measuring Subjective mood symptoms (r = -0.50, P = .07), and Ham-D items measuring neurovegetative signs (r = -0.49, P = .08). CMAI improvement was also associated with improvement in Ham-D total score over the course of treatment (r = 0.62, P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Mild depressive symptoms in patients with dementia and agitated behavior are associated with greater behavioral improvement by trazodone-treated patients. In contrast, the presence of delusions in concert with behavioral disturbance does not necessarily predict greater behavioral improvement with haloperidol treatment than in subjects without signs of psychosis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. VA N Texas Healthcare Syst, Dallas, TX USA. RP Sultzer, DL (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Healthcare Ctr, 3 South,116AF,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH00910, MH56031] NR 57 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1294 EP 1300 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49256.x PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 482VL UT WOS:000171597900004 PM 11890487 ER PT J AU Yutan, E Glickerman, DJ Caps, MT Hatsukami, T Harley, JD Kohler, TR Davies, MG AF Yutan, E Glickerman, DJ Caps, MT Hatsukami, T Harley, JD Kohler, TR Davies, MG TI Percutaneous transluminal revascularization for renal artery stenosis: Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System experience SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Meeting of the Western-Vascular-Society CY SEP 17-19, 1999 CL LAKE TAHOE, CALIFORNIA SP Western Vasc Soc ID RENOVASCULAR DISEASE; BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; FOLLOW-UP; HYPERTENSION; MANAGEMENT; RECONSTRUCTION; SURVIVAL AB Purpose: The safety and efficacy of percutaneous transluminal intervention for renal artery stenosis is improving. This study evaluates the immediate and long-term anatomic and functional outcomes of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in a Veterans Affairs population. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of records from patients who underwent renal artery angioplasty with or without stenting at the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System between January 1990 and June 1999. Indications for intervention included hypertension (78%) and rising serum creatinine (78%). Seventy-six patients (74 men, average age of 67 years, range 42-83 years) underwent 88 attempted interventions. Seventy-two percent of contralateral kidneys had significant disease (47% had a >60% stenosis; 16% were nonfunctioning or absent). Results. Of the 88 planned interventions, 86 were successfully performed with placement of 46 stents (52%). Technical success (defined by <30% residual stenosis) was achieved in 78 vessels (89%). The procedure-related complication rate was 5%. Patient mortality by life table analysis was 49% at 5 years. Assisted primary patency rate at 5 years was 100%. Primary and secondary restenosis rates were 37%8% and 31%+/-8% at 5 years, respectively. Sixty-eight percent of patients treated for hypertension demonstrated clinical benefit (improved or cured hypertension). This clinical benefit was maintained in 52% of the patients at 5 years, as measured by life table analysis. Serum creatinine was lowered or maintained in 88% of the patients, but this clinical benefit was only maintained in 25% of patients at 5 years. Conclusions. Transluminal intervention for clinically symptomatic atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is technically successful and safe. There are excellent assisted-patency and low restenosis rates. There is immediate clinical benefit for most patients, as evidenced by improved control of hypertension and preservation of renal function. However, within 5 years the benefit is not maintained for either hypertension (50%) or renal function (20%). Therefore, although technically successful, functional outcomes after endoluminal intervention are not maintained in the long term. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Sect Vasc Surg & Intervent Radiol, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Sect Surg Perioperat Care, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Diagnost Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Davies, MG (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ctr Vasc Dis,Div Vasc Surg, 601 Elmwood Ave,Box SURG, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. NR 22 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 34 IS 4 BP 685 EP 693 DI 10.1067/mva.2001.117886 PG 9 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 489YK UT WOS:000172020400020 PM 11668325 ER PT J AU Johansen, KL Chertow, GM da Silva, M Carey, S Painter, P AF Johansen, KL Chertow, GM da Silva, M Carey, S Painter, P TI Determinants of physical performance in ambulatory patients on hemodialysis SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE chronic renal failure. gait speed; serum albumin; dialysis dose; nutrition and dialysis; physical function ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; EXERCISE CAPACITY; GAIT SPEED; MAINTENANCE DIALYSIS; RENAL-FAILURE; STRENGTH; ADULTS; ANEMIA; TIME AB Background. Physical performance measures, particularly gait speed, have been useful as predictors of loss of independence. institutionalization, and mortality in older nonuremic individuals. Gait speed has not been evaluated as a predictor of these important outcomes in patients on hemodialysis, nor have the determinants of gait speed in the dialysis population been studied. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional analysis to determine whether demographic, clinical, or nutritional status variables were related to physical performance in a group of 46 hemodialysis patients treated at three University of California San Francisco-affiliated dialysis units. Three physical performance measures were examined, including gait speed, time to climb stairs. and time to rise from a chair five times in succession. Forward stepwise linear-regression analysis was performed with each physical performance measure as the dependent variable and the following candidate predictor variables: age, gender, body mass index. dialysis vintage, Kt/V, albumin. blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, hematocrit, lean body mass, phase angle, ferritin, and the following comorbidities: hypertension, diabetes mellitus. coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease. and cerebrovascular disease. Results. Subjects included 31 men and 15 women aged 22 to 87 years (mean +/- SD, 52 +/- 17). The mean gait speed for the group was 113.1 +/- 34.5 cm/s (low compared with norms established for persons of similar age). Results of multivariable regression showed that age, albumin, and Kt/V were important determinants of gait speed in this population. Overall, the model explained 52% of the variability in gait speed (r = 0.72, P < 0.0001). Qualitatively similar results were obtained using stair-climbing time or chair-rising time as the dependent variables. except that comorbidity was more important than age for stair climbing. The addition of physical activity level to the models did not eliminate the associations of albumin or Kt/V with physical performance. Conclusions. Physical performance is significantly impaired in ambulatory hemodialysis patients and is related to age, serum albumin, and dialysis dose. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether modification of dialysis dose or nutritional interventions can improve physical performance in patients on hemodialysis. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol 111J, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Moffitt Long Hosp, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol Nursing, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Johansen, KL (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Nephrol 111J, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00083] NR 33 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1586 EP 1591 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00972.x PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 474VF UT WOS:000171127000043 PM 11576377 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Yang, H Hamilton, ML VanRemmen, H Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Yang, H Hamilton, ML VanRemmen, H Richardson, A TI Effects of age and food restriction on oxidative DNA damage and antioxidant enzyme activities in the mouse aorta SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE mouse aorta; antioxidant enzyme; oxidative DNA damage; comet assay ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; DIETARY RESTRICTION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; WISTAR RATS; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PROTEIN OXIDATION; DEPENDENT CHANGES; DIFFERENT TISSUES; FREE-RADICALS AB In this study, DNA damage in mouse aortic cells was measured using the comet assay. The tail moment of the comet assay in aortic cells obtained from 26-month-old mice fed ad libitum (O) was significantly increased as compared to 6-month-old mice fed ad libitum (Y-AL) after the cells were incubated with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg), which specifically recognizes oxidized purines, endonuclease III (Endo III), which specifically recognizes oxidized pyrimidines, or the combination of Endo III and Fpg. The tail moment in aortic cells obtained from 26-month-old mice fed a food-restricted diet (O-FR) was significantly reduced as compared to O-AL mice after the cells were incubated with the combination of Endo III and Fpg. These results indicate that oxidative DNA lesions, i.e. the Endo III- and Fpg-sensitive sites, increase with age in mouse aortic cells and that FR attenuates the age-related increase in oxidative DNA damage. To determine if the changes in oxidative DNA damage in mouse aortic cells are related to the antioxidant status in these cells, we measured the activities of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, extracellular-SOD, catalase and glutathione peroxidase-1 in the mouse aorta, We observed that the activities of all antioxidant enzymes studied were significantly increased with age and that FR attenuated the age-related increase. These data indicate that the age-related increase and FR-induced decrease in oxidative DNA damage, i.e. the Endo III- and Fpg-sensitive sites, in mouse aortic cells is not due to alteration of the antioxidant defense system. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sam & Ann Barshop Ctr Longev & Aging Studies, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Morphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Guo, ZM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG14674, AG13319] NR 60 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 122 IS 15 BP 1771 EP 1786 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00298-6 PG 16 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 479BY UT WOS:000171385100009 PM 11557279 ER PT J AU Guo, SS Sawicki, MP AF Guo, SS Sawicki, MP TI Molecular and genetic mechanism of tumorigenesis in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type-1 SO MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Review ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE; FAMILIAL ISOLATED HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; ZOLLINGER-ELLISON-SYNDROME; SPORADIC PITUITARY-TUMORS; NONFAMILIAL PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; JUND-ACTIVATED TRANSCRIPTION; MEN1 GENE; PARATHYROID TUMORS; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS; GERMLINE MUTATIONS AB Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare but informative syndrome for endocrine tumorigenesis. Since its isolation, several groups have begun to determine the role of menin, the protein product of MEN1, in sporadic endocrine tumors as well as tumors of the MEN1 syndrome. Mutations of menin have been reported in more than 400 families and tumors, most of which are truncating mutations, thus supporting the function of menin as a tumor suppressor. The exact function of menin is unknown, but overexpression of menin inhibits proliferation of Ras-transformed NIH3T3 cells. Since menin interacts with proteins from both the TGF beta and AP-1 signaling pathways, perhaps its tumor suppressor function is related to these key cell growth pathways. In this review we will discuss the various clinical manifestations of MEN1 syndrome, potential mechanisms of MEW tumorigenesis, and mutations associated with MEN and sporadic endocrine tumors. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 131 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0888-8809 J9 MOL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Endocrinol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1653 EP 1664 DI 10.1210/me.15.10.1653 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 477DL UT WOS:000171267800001 PM 11579199 ER PT J AU Ali, SO Denicoff, KD Altshuler, LL Hauser, P Li, XM Conrad, AJ Smith-Jackson, EE Leverich, GS Post, RM AF Ali, SO Denicoff, KD Altshuler, LL Hauser, P Li, XM Conrad, AJ Smith-Jackson, EE Leverich, GS Post, RM TI Relationship between prior course of illness and neuroanatomic structures in bipolar disorder - A preliminary study SO NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 151st Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 30-JUN 05, 1998 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDERS; BRAIN CHANGES; MRI; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERFORMANCE; REDUCTION; VOLUME AB Objective: In this preliminary study, we examined the relationships between prior course and severity of illness and size of the hippocampus, temporal lobes, and third and lateral ventricles in patients with bipolar disorder. Background: The few studies that have investigated relationships between course of illness measures and neuroanatomic structures in patients with bipolar disorder found divergent results. Method: Twenty-six outpatients, who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Third Edition - Revised (DSM-III-R) criteria for bipolar disorder, received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. from which volumes of the temporal lobes. hippocampi, third ventricle, and areas of the lateral ventricles were calculated. Prior course of illness variables were determined using the NIMH Life-Chart Method and were correlated to the volumetric measures of neuroanatomic structures using multiple regression analyses. Results: A longer duration of illness was paradoxically associated with a larger left temporal lobe volume whether patients with a history of substance abuse were removed from the analyses. Conclusions: Additional studies are needed to both replicate and further examine the association of prior course of illness and larger hippocampal and ventricular volumes in bipolar disorder. C1 NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, NIH, Psychol Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Natl Inst Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Post, RM (reprint author), NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, NIH, Psychol Sect, 9000 Rockville Pike,Bldg 10,Room 3S239, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. OI Ali, Syed/0000-0003-3131-3299 NR 31 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-878X J9 NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE JI Neuropsychiatr. Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 227 EP 232 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 491QF UT WOS:000172119300005 PM 11725216 ER PT J AU Subak, LL Waetjen, LE van den Eeden, S Thom, DH Vittinghoff, E Brown, JS AF Subak, LL Waetjen, LE van den Eeden, S Thom, DH Vittinghoff, E Brown, JS TI Cost of pelvic organ prolapse surgery in the United States SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the annual direct cost to society of pelvic organ prolapse operations in the United States. METHODS: We multiplied the number of pelvic organ prolapse operations identified in the 1997 National Hospital Discharge Survey by national average Medicare reimbursement for physician services and hospitalizations. Although this reimbursement does not estimate the actual cost, it is a proxy for cost, which estimates what society pays for the procedures. RESULTS: In 1997, direct costs of pelvic organ prolapse surgery were $1012 million (95% confidence interval [CI] $775, 1251 million), including $494 million (49%) for vaginal hysterectomy, $279 million (28%) for cystocele and rectocele repair, and $135 million (13%) for abdominal hysterectomy. Physician services accounted for 29% ($298 million) of total costs, and hospitalization accounted for 71% ($714 million). Twenty-one percent of pelvic organ prolapse operations included urinary incontinence procedures ($218 million). If all operations were reimbursed by non-Medicare sources, the annual estimated cost would increase by 52% to $1543 million. CONCLUSION: The annual direct costs of operations for pelvic organ prolapse are substantial. (C) 2001 by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.) C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Womens Hlth, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Oakland, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Div Family & Community Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Subak, LL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Womens Hlth, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 2330 Post St,Suite 200, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1K08AG00710-01A1]; NICHD NIH HHS [K12 HD01262-02] NR 15 TC 249 Z9 269 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 98 IS 4 BP 646 EP 651 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01472-7 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 478XT UT WOS:000171374400021 PM 11576582 ER PT J AU Li, W Fan, JH Woodley, DT AF Li, W Fan, JH Woodley, DT TI Nck/Dock: an adapter between cell surface receptors and the actin cytoskeleton SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Review DE Src-homology domains; adapters; tyrosine kinases; signal transduction; cytoskeleton ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE; GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; INTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PHOTORECEPTOR AXON GUIDANCE; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; SH2 DOMAIN PROTEINS; P21-ACTIVATED KINASE; EPH RECEPTORS; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE AB In response to extracellular signals, cell surface receptors engage in connections with multiple intracellular signaling pathways, leading to the cellular responses such as survival, migration, proliferation and differentiation. The 'pY --> SH2/SH3 --> effector' connection is a frequently used scheme by many cell surface receptors, in which SH2/SH3-containing adapters connect protein tyrosine phosphorylation to a variety of downstream effector pathways. Following the initial landmark finding that Grb2 adapter links the receptors to the Ras pathway leading to DNA synthesis, recent studies have revealed that the biological function of the SH2/SH3 adapter Nck/Dock is to link cell surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton. For example, in the evolutionarily-conserved signaling network, GEF-Rae-Nck-Pak, Nck 'fixes up' the interaction of Pak with its upstream activator, Rac. The activated Pak then regulates the cytoskeletal dynamics. The fact that the majority of the more than 20 Nck-SH3-associated effectors are regulators of the actin cytoskeleton suggests that Nck/Dock regulates, via binding to distinct effectors, various cell type-specific motogenic responses. This review focuses on our current understanding of Nck/Dock function. Due to the number and complexity of the terminologies used in this review, a 'Glossary of Terms' is provided to help reduce confusions. C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Norris Cotton Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Li, W (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA65567]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR46538] NR 124 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD OCT 1 PY 2001 VL 20 IS 44 BP 6403 EP 6417 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1204782 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 483NF UT WOS:000171640600014 PM 11607841 ER PT J AU Lin, AL Johnson, DA Patterson, TF Wu, Y Lu, DL Shi, Q Yeh, CK AF Lin, AL Johnson, DA Patterson, TF Wu, Y Lu, DL Shi, Q Yeh, CK TI Salivary anticandidal activity and saliva composition in an HIV-infected cohort SO ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE saliva composition; HIV/AIDS; anticandidal activity ID HISTIDINE-RICH POLYPEPTIDES; HUMAN PAROTID-SALIVA; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; DEFENSE-MECHANISMS; ORAL CANDIDIASIS; HEALTHY-ADULTS; AIDS PATIENTS; HISTATINS; PROTEINS; ANTIBODIES AB This study investigated salivary anticandidal activity and salivary composition in stimulated whole saliva of 18 advanced HIV-infected patients and compared these values to healthy controls. Stimulated whole saliva from HIV-infected patients showed decreased anticandidal activity. The flow rate was reduced by 40% as compared with controls. The saliva flow rate for HIV-infected patients who had recoverable yeast in their saliva was reduced as compared to HIV-infected patients without recoverable yeast. For HIV-infected patients, the saliva concentrations of lactoferrin, secretory IgA and Cl- were increased while the secretion rate of lysozyme, total protein and K+ were reduced. There was no difference in any parameter as a function of taking the antifungal drug fluconazole. There was no association between salivary anticandidal activity and any salivary component. This study shows reduced anticandidal activity and salivary flow rate in HIV-infected patients. These alterations may contribute to their increased incidence of oral candidal infections. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Dent, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Yeh, CK (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-11381, DE-12188] NR 42 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 6 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-0055 J9 ORAL MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Oral Microbiol. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 16 IS 5 BP 270 EP 278 DI 10.1034/j.1399-302x.2001.016005270.x PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology GA 470CZ UT WOS:000170854000003 PM 11555303 ER PT J AU Good, CB AF Good, CB TI Topical beta-blockers in patients with co-existing conditions: is this a cause for concern? SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEPRESSION; HYPERTENSION; ASSOCIATION; TIMOLOL C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Good, CB (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD OCT-NOV PY 2001 VL 10 IS 6 BP 509 EP 510 DI 10.1002/pds.633 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 514EX UT WOS:000173426600005 PM 11828832 ER PT J AU Monto, A Wright, TL AF Monto, A Wright, TL TI The epidemiology and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; RISK-FACTORS; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; POSITIVE PATIENTS; INTERFERON-ALPHA; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; CIRRHOSIS C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Monto, A (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Mailstop 111B,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 66 TC 96 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD OCT PY 2001 VL 28 IS 5 BP 441 EP 449 DI 10.1053/sonc.2001.26947 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 480NM UT WOS:000171467900002 PM 11685737 ER PT J AU Singh, N Weisler, SL Hershman, JM AF Singh, N Weisler, SL Hershman, JM TI The acute effect of calcium carbonate on the intestinal absorption of levothyroxine SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE; THYROXINE; HYPOTHYROIDISM; THERAPY; SUCRALFATE; EFFICACY AB To determine the acute effect of calcium, we measured levothyroxine absorption after ingestion of thyroxine (T4) with and without simultaneous ingestion of calcium (as calcium carbonate) in seven volunteers without thyroid disease. Serum total T-4, total triiodothyronine (T-3), free T-4, and thyrotropin (TSH) levels were measured after ingestion of 1,000 mug of levothyroxine on two separate visits at 4-week intervals: (1) levothyroxine alone and (2) levothyroxine together with 2.0 g of calcium as calcium carbonate. The amount of absorbed levothyroxine was calculated as the incremental rise in serum T-4 level during the first 6 hours multiplied by the volume of distribution for the hormone. When 1,000 mug of levothyroxine alone was given to subjects, the maximum average total T-4 absorption was 837 mug (83.7% of the dose ingested) at 120 minutes. When levothyroxine was coadministered with 2.0 g of calcium (as calcium carbonate), the maximum average T-4 absorption decreased to 579 mug (57.9% of the dose ingested) at 240 minutes. The total levothyroxine absorption over 6 hours was Significantly greater with thyroxine than that with thyroxine and calcium (p = 0.02). The administration of calcium and levothyroxine in these subjects was associated with a significant reduction in the peak increment in serum total T-4 (P = 0.02) and free T-4 levels (p = 0.03), as well as a significant reduction in the overall increment in serum total T-4 (p = 0.003), free T-4 (p = 0.002), and total T-3 levels (p = 0.01) over four time points (120 minutes, 240 minutes, 360 minutes, 1,440 minutes). In summary, this pharmacokinetic study in seven volunteers indicates that calcium carbonate acutely reduces T-4 absorption. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Internal Med, 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 23 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD OCT PY 2001 VL 11 IS 10 BP 967 EP 971 DI 10.1089/105072501753211046 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 486WB UT WOS:000171839000011 PM 11716045 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Ortiz, E Rhodes, S Morton, SC Eccles, MP Grimshaw, JM Woolf, SH AF Shekelle, PG Ortiz, E Rhodes, S Morton, SC Eccles, MP Grimshaw, JM Woolf, SH TI Validity of the agency for healthcare research and quality clinical practice guidelines - How quickly do guidelines become outdated? SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Context Practice guidelines need to be up-to-date to be useful to clinicians. No published methods are available for assessing whether existing practice guidelines are still valid, nor does any empirical information exist regarding how often such assessments need to be made. Objectives To assess the current validity of 17 clinical practice guidelines published by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) that are still in circulation, and to use this information to estimate how quickly guidelines become obsolete. Design, Setting, and Participants We developed criteria for defining when a guideline needs updating, mailed surveys to members of the original AHRQ guideline panels (n = 170; response rate, 71%), and searched the literature for evidence through March 2000 (n = 6994 titles yielding 173 articles plus 159 new guidelines on the same topics). Main Outcome Measures Identification of new evidence calling for a major, minor, or no update of the 17 guidelines; survival analysis of the rate at which guidelines became outdated. Results For 7 guidelines, new evidence and expert judgment indicated that a major update is required; 6 were found to be in need of a minor update; 3 were judged as still valid; and for 1 guideline, we could reach no conclusion. Survival analysis indicated that about half the guidelines were outdated in 5.8 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.0-6.6 years). The point at which no more than 90% of the guidelines were still valid was 3.6 years (95% CI, 2.6-4.6 years). Conclusions More than three quarters of the AHRQ guidelines need updating. As a general rule, guidelines should be reassessed for validity every 3 years. C1 RAND Corp, Hlth Div, So Calif Evidence Based Pratice Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. San Diego Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen, Scotland. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Family Practice, Richmond, VA USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), RAND Corp, Hlth Div, So Calif Evidence Based Pratice Ctr, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. RI Grimshaw, Jeremy/D-8726-2013 OI Grimshaw, Jeremy/0000-0001-8015-8243 FU PHS HHS [290-97-0001] NR 6 TC 274 Z9 287 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 26 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 12 BP 1461 EP 1467 DI 10.1001/jama.286.12.1461 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 475UX UT WOS:000171188600023 PM 11572738 ER PT J AU Kwabi-Addo, B Giri, D Schmidt, K Podsypanina, K Parsons, R Greenberg, N Ittmann, M AF Kwabi-Addo, B Giri, D Schmidt, K Podsypanina, K Parsons, R Greenberg, N Ittmann, M TI Haploinsufficiency of the Pten tumor suppressor gene promotes prostate cancer progression SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID FREQUENT INACTIVATION; PTEN/MMAC1 GENE; COWDEN-DISEASE; CELL-LINES; BREAST; 10Q23; EXPRESSION; MICE; ADENOCARCINOMAS; ANGIOGENESIS AB The PTEN gene encodes a lipid phosphatase that negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and is inactivated in a wide variety of malignant neoplasms. High rates of loss of heterozygosity are observed at the 10q23.3 region containing the human PTEN gene in prostate cancer and other human malignancies, but the demonstrated rate of biallelic inactivation of the PTEN gene by mutation or homozygous deletion is significantly lower than the rate of loss of heterozygosity. The transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model is a well characterized animal model of prostate cancer. Analysis of prostate cancer progression in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate mice bred to Pten(+/-) heterozygous mice, coupled with analysis of the Pten gene and protein in the resulting tumors, reveals that haploinsufficiency of the Pten gene promotes the progression of prostate cancer in this model system. This observation provides a potential explanation for the discordance in rates of loss of heterozygosity at 10q23 and biallelic PTEN inactivation observed in prostate cancer and many human malignancies. C1 Houston VAMC, Res Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), Houston VAMC, Res Serv, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Kwabi-Addo, Bernard/A-6993-2016 OI Kwabi-Addo, Bernard/0000-0003-3692-6350 NR 33 TC 208 Z9 211 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 25 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 20 BP 11563 EP 11568 DI 10.1073/pnas.201167798 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 476PC UT WOS:000171237100104 PM 11553783 ER PT J AU Boujaoude, LC Bradshaw-Wilder, C Mao, CG Cohn, J Ogretmen, B Hannun, YA Obeid, LM AF Boujaoude, LC Bradshaw-Wilder, C Mao, CG Cohn, J Ogretmen, B Hannun, YA Obeid, LM TI Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator regulates uptake of sphingoid base phosphates and lysophosphatidic acid - Modulation of cellular activity of spingosine 1-phosphate SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; COUPLED RECEPTOR EDG-1; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE; SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CANCER; CELLS AB Sphingolipids have been implicated in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and programmed cell death. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (SPP) has recently emerged as an important lipid messenger and a ligand for the endothelial differentiation gene receptor family of proteins through which it mediates its biologic effects. Recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in our laboratory implicated the yeast oligomycin resistance gene (YOR1), a member of the ATP binding cassette family of proteins, in the transport of SPP. The cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator is a unique member of the ATP binding cassette transporter family and has high homology with YOR1. We therefore set out to investigate if this member of the family can regulate SPP transport. We demonstrate that C127/cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) cells, expressing wild type CFTR, exhibited significantly higher uptake of sphingosine 1-phosphate than either cells expressing a mutant CFTR C127/Delta F508 or C127/mock-transfected cells. This effect was specific, dose-dependent, and competed off by dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid. There was no difference in uptake of sphingosine, C16-ceramide, sphingomyelin, lysophingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, or phosphatidic acid among the different cell lines. Pretreatment with forskolin or isobutylmethylxanthine to stimulate cAMP did not affect the uptake in any of the cell lines. Moreover, we found that mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by SPP was less responsive in C127/CFTR as compared with C127/mock-transfected cells, suggesting that uptake of SPP by CFTR may divert it from interacting with its cell surface receptors and attenuate signaling functions. Taken together, these data implicate CFTR in uptake of SPP and the related phosphorylated lipids dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid. This uptake influences the availability of SPP to modulate biologic activity via endothelial differentiation gene receptors. These studies may have important implications to cystic fibrosis. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Obeid, LM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 114 Doughty St,Rm 604 STB,POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM43825, R01-GM62887] NR 29 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 21 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 38 BP 35258 EP 35264 DI 10.1074/jbc.M105442200 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 474LU UT WOS:000171109300009 PM 11443135 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG AF Choudhury, GG TI Akt serine threonine kinase regulates platelet-derived growth factor-induced DNA synthesis in glomerular mesangial cells - Regulation of c-fos and p27(kip1) gene expression SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; DEPENDENT KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; INHIBITOR P27(KIP1); INDUCED PHOSPHORYLATION; PDGF RECEPTOR; CYCLIN D1; SURVIVAL; RAS AB Proliferation of mesangial cells requires platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR)-mediated signal transduction. We have previously shown that activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase is necessary for PDGFR-induced DNA synthesis in these cells. The mechanism by which PI 3-kinase stimulates DNA synthesis is not known. One target of PI 3-kinase, Akt serine threonine kinase, regulates survival of many cells by inhibiting the actions of certain proapoptotic proteins. In this study, we investigated the role of Akt in PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in mesangial cells. PDGF increased Akt serine threonine kinase activity in a time- and PI 3-kinase-dependent manner. Expression of dominant negative Akt by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer blocked PDGF-induced activation of endogenous Akt in mesangial cells, resulting in complete inhibition of DNA synthesis. On the other hand, inhibition of MAPK attenuated PDGF-induced DNA synthesis only partially. Inhibition of Akt also attenuated PDGF-induced c-fos gene transcription, with concomitant inhibition of Elk-1-dependent transcription, indicating positive regulation of this early response gene by Akt. To further determine the role of Akt in PDGF-induced DNA Synthesis, we investigated its effect on cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). PDGF stimulated CDK2 activity in mesangial cells and decreased the level of p27(kip1) cyclin kinase inhibitor protein. Expression of dominant negative Akt increased p27(kip1) protein and resulted in inhibition of CDK2 activity. The increase in p27(kip1) expression in response to Akt kinase inhibition was due to increased transcription of the p27(kip1) gene. p27(kip1) transcription similarly was decreased by expression of constitutively active Akt kinase in mesangial cells. These data provide the first evidence that Akt kinase regulates PDGF-induced DNA synthesis by regulating CDK2 activity and define Akt-mediated inhibition of transcription of p27(kip1) as one of the mechanisms for PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in mesangial cells. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Choudhury, GG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Mail Code 7882,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50190, DK-55815] NR 74 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 21 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 38 BP 35636 EP 35643 DI 10.1074/jbc.M100946200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 474LU UT WOS:000171109300058 PM 11470779 ER PT J AU Chantarujikapong, SI Scherrer, JF Xian, H Eisen, SA Lyons, MJ Goldberg, J Tsuang, M True, WR AF Chantarujikapong, SI Scherrer, JF Xian, H Eisen, SA Lyons, MJ Goldberg, J Tsuang, M True, WR TI A twin study of generalized anxiety disorder symptoms, panic disorder symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder in men SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE twin study; anxiety disorder; panic disorder; post-traumatic stress ID NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; GENETIC-FACTORS; VET REGISTRY; POPULATION; FAMILY; TELEPHONE; LIFETIME; VETERANS; ATTACKS AB Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co-occur. We investigated whether and to what degree genetic and environmental contributions overlap among symptoms of GAD, symptoms of PD and PTSD. Subjects were 3327 monozygotic and dizygotic male-male twin pair members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry who participated in a 1992 telephone administration of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule Version 3 Revised (DIS3R). Genetic model fitting was performed to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental contributions to the lifetime co-occurrence of GAD symptoms, PD symptoms and PTSD. The liability for GAD symptoms was due to a 37.9% additive genetic contribution common to PD symptoms and PTSD. Liability for PD symptoms was clue to a 20.7% additive genetic contribution common to GAD symptoms and PTSD, and a 20.1% additive genetic influence specific to PD symptoms. Additive genetic influences common to symptoms of GAD and PD accounted for 21.3% of the genetic variance in PTSD. Additive genetic influences specific to PTSD accounted for 13.6% of the genetic variance in PTSD. Remaining variance for all three disorders was due to unique environmental factors both common and specific to each phenotype. These results suggest that these disorders each have etiologically distinct components and also have significant genetic and unique environmental contributions in common. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 St Louis VAMC, Res Serv 151 JC, St Louis, MO 63106 USA. St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Med Sci, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO USA. St Louis VAMC, Med Serv, St Louis, MO 63106 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brockton, MA 02401 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev & Cooperat Studies Program, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, Chicago, IL USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Training Program Psychiat Epidemiol & Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP True, WR (reprint author), St Louis VAMC, Res Serv 151 JC, 915 N Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63106 USA. RI Lyons, Michael/B-6119-2011 OI Lyons, Michael/0000-0001-6516-9219 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07728, AA10339, AA11822]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA00272, DA4604, DAO72261-01]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-37685, MH-31302] NR 42 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD SEP 20 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 2-3 BP 133 EP 145 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(01)00285-2 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 477BA UT WOS:000171262200004 PM 11549402 ER PT J AU Levinsky, NG Yu, W Ash, A Moskowitz, M Gazelle, G Saynina, O Emanuel, EJ AF Levinsky, NG Yu, W Ash, A Moskowitz, M Gazelle, G Saynina, O Emanuel, EJ TI Influence of age on medicare expenditures and medical care in the last year of life SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ILL HOSPITALIZED ADULTS; SERIOUSLY ILL; DEATH; MORBIDITY; DECISIONS AB Context Expenditures for Medicare beneficiaries in the last year of life decrease with increasing age. The cause of this phenomenon is uncertain. Objectives To examine this pattern in detail and evaluate whether decreases in aggressiveness of medical care explain the phenomenon. Design, Setting, and Patients Analysis of sample Medicare data for beneficiaries aged 65 years or older from Massachusetts (n=34131) and California (n=19064) who died in 1996. Main Outcome Measure Medical expenditures during the last year of life, analyzed by age group, sex, race, place and cause of death, comorbidity, and use of hospital services. Results For Massachusetts and California, respectively, Medicare expenditures per beneficiary were $35300 and $27800 among those aged 65 through 74 years vs $22000 and $21600 for those aged 85 years or older. The pattern of decreasing Medicare expenditures with age is pervasive, persisting throughout the last year of life in both states for both sexes, for black and white beneficiaries, for persons with varying levels of comorbidity, and for those receiving hospice vs conventional care, regardless of cause and site of death. The aggressiveness of medical care in both Massachusetts and California also decreased with age, as judged by less frequent hospital and intensive care unit admissions and by markedly decreasing use of cardiac catheterization, dialysis, ventilators, and pulmonary artery monitors, regardless of cause of death. Decrease in the cost of hospital services accounts for approximately 80% of the decrease in Medicare expenditures with age in both states. Conclusions Medicare expenditures in the last year of life decrease with age, especially for those aged 85 years or older. This is in large part because the aggressiveness of medical care in the last year of life decreases with increasing age. C1 Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med,Sect Gen Internal Med,Hlth Care Res Unit, Boston, MA 02118 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Econ Resource Ctr Hlth Sci, Res Serv, Menlo Pk, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Econ Resource Ctr Hlth Sci, Dev Serv, Menlo Pk, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Cooperat Studies Hlth Serv, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Harvard Vanguard Med Associates, Palliat & Support Med Program, Boston, MA USA. Natl Bur Econ Res, Palo Alto, CA USA. NIH, Dept Clin Bioeth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Levinsky, NG (reprint author), Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med,Sect Gen Internal Med,Hlth Care Res Unit, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 14 TC 121 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 19 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 11 BP 1349 EP 1355 DI 10.1001/jama.286.11.1349 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 473DJ UT WOS:000171024500028 PM 11560540 ER PT J AU Whiting, P Bagnall, AM Sowden, AJ Cornell, JE Mulrow, CE Ramirez, G AF Whiting, P Bagnall, AM Sowden, AJ Cornell, JE Mulrow, CE Ramirez, G TI Interventions for the treatment and management of chronic fatigue syndrome - A systematic review SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY; LOW-DOSE HYDROCORTISONE; ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; DOUBLE-BLIND; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; CROSSOVER TRIAL; GRADED-EXERCISE AB Context A variety of interventions have been used in the treatment and management of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Currently, debate exists among health care professionals and patients about appropriate strategies for management. Objective To assess the effectiveness of all interventions that have been evaluated for use in the treatment or management of CFS in adults or children. Data Sources Nineteen specialist databases were searched from inception to either January or July 2000 for published or unpublished studies in any language. The search was updated through October 2000 using PubMed. Other sources included scanning citations, Internet searching, contacting experts, and online requests for articles. Study Selection Controlled trials (randomized or non randomized) that evaluated interventions inpatients diagnosed as having CFS according to any criteria were included. Study inclusion was assessed independently by 2 reviewers. Of 350 studies initially identified, 44 met inclusion criteria, including 36 randomized controlled trials and 8 controlled trials. Data Extraction Data extraction was conducted by 1 reviewer and checked by a second. Validity assessment was carried out by 2 reviewers with disagreements resolved by consensus. A qualitative synthesis was carried out and studies were grouped according to type of intervention and outcomes assessed. Data Synthesis The number of participants included in each trial ranged from 12 to 326, with a total of 2801 participants included in the 44 trials combined. Across the studies, 38 different outcomes were evaluated using about 130 different scales or types of measurement. Studies were grouped into 6 different categories. In the behavioral category, graded exercise therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy showed positive results and also scored highly on the validity assessment. In the immunological category, both immunoglobulin and hydrocortisone showed some limited effects but, overall, the evidence was inconclusive. There was insufficient evidence about effectiveness in the other 4 categories (pharmacological, supplements, complementary/alternative, and other interventions). Conclusions Overall, the interventions demonstrated mixed results in terms of effectiveness. All conclusions about effectiveness should be considered together with the methodological inadequacies of the studies. Interventions which have shown promising results include cognitive behavioral therapy and graded exercise therapy. Further research into these and other treatments is required using Standardized outcome measures. C1 Univ York, Natl Hlth Serv Ctr Reviews & Disseminat, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio Evidence Based Practice Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Evidence Based Res Disseminat & Implementat C, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Whiting, P (reprint author), Univ York, Natl Hlth Serv Ctr Reviews & Disseminat, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. FU PHS HHS [290-97-0012] NR 57 TC 268 Z9 272 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 19 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 11 BP 1360 EP 1368 DI 10.1001/jama.286.11.1360 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 473DJ UT WOS:000171024500030 PM 11560542 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI Does the dose matter? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Arts-and-Sciences CY DEC, 1999 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP Amer Acad Arts Sci ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; INTRAVENOUS CIPROFLOXACIN; AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ILL-PATIENTS; IN-VIVO; PHARMACODYNAMICS; MODEL AB Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters, such as the ratio of peak to minimum inhibitory concentration (peak/MIC ratio), ratio of 24-hour area under the curve to MIC (24-h AUC/MIC ratio), and the time above MIC, are good indicators of the drug dose-organism interaction. Time above the MIC is the important determinant of the activity of beta -lactams, macrolides, clindamycin, and linezolid. Free drug serum levels of these drugs should be above the MIC for at least 40%-50% of the dosing interval to produce adequate clinical and microbiological efficacy. Peak/MIC and 24-h AUC/MIC ratios are major determinants of the activity of aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. In general, peak/MIC ratios should exceed 8 and 24-h AUC/MIC values should be >100 to successfully treat gram-negative bacillary infections and to prevent the emergence of resistant organisms during therapy. The successful treatment of pneumococcal infections with fluoroquinolones and azithromycin appear to require 24-h AUC/MIC ratios of only 25-35. Mutation prevention concentrations are being reported for various fluoroquinolones with different pathogens, but their clinical significance has not yet been established. More information is needed on the role of PK/PD parameters and their magnitude for preventing mutations and the emergence of resistant organisms for most classes of antibiotics. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM wac@medicine.wisc.edu NR 30 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 33 SU 3 BP S233 EP S237 DI 10.1086/321854 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 473TG UT WOS:000171063700022 PM 11524724 ER PT J AU Giovannini, MG Blitzer, RD Wong, T Asoma, K Tsokas, P Morrison, JH Iyengar, R Landau, EM AF Giovannini, MG Blitzer, RD Wong, T Asoma, K Tsokas, P Morrison, JH Iyengar, R Landau, EM TI Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates early phosphorylation and delayed expression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in long-term potentiation SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE long-term potentiation; mitogen-activated protein kinase; Erk; Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II; beta-adrenergic receptors; rat hippocampus; phosphorylation; protein synthesis ID CYTOSOLIC PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); THETA-FREQUENCY STIMULATION; ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN; HIPPOCAMPAL CA1 NEURONS; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; IN-VIVO; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AB Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) are required for numerous forms of neuronal plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP). We induced LTP in rat hippocampal area CA1 using theta-pulse stimulation (TPS) paired with beta -adrenergic receptor activation [isoproterenol (ISO)], a protocol that may be particularly relevant to normal patterns of hippocampal activity during learning. This stimulation resulted in a transient phosphorylation of p42 MAPK, and the resulting LTP was MAPK dependent. In addition, CaMKII was regulated in two, temporally distinct ways after TPS-ISO: a transient rise in the fraction of phosphorylated CaMKII and a subsequent persistent increase in CaMKII expression. The increases in MAPK and CaMKII phosphorylation were strongly colocalized in the dendrites and cell bodies of CA1 pyramidal cells, and both the transient phosphorylation and delayed expression of CaMKII were prevented by inhibiting p42/p44 MAPK. These results establish a novel bimodal regulation of CaMKII by MAPK, which may contribute to both post-translational modification and increased gene expression. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Neurobiol Aging Labs, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Univ Florence, Dipartimento Farmacol Preclin & Clin, Florence, Italy. RP Blitzer, RD (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Box 1215,1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. RI Morrison, John/F-9229-2012 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG06647]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM5408]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS33646] NR 76 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD SEP 15 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 18 BP 7053 EP 7062 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 471HM UT WOS:000170922800009 PM 11549715 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Zhang, JH Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Zhang, JH Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE TI Ceramide blocks PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in mesangial cells via inhibition of Akt kinase in the absence of apoptosis SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE PDGF; PI 3 kinase; Akt kinase; ceramide; c-fos; apoptosis ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTORS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-3 KINASE; SPHINGOMYELIN TURNOVER; CELLULAR-RESPONSES; PHOSPHORYLATION; ACTIVATION; DEATH; DIFFERENTIATION AB The mechanism of action of ceramide in glomerular mesangial cells has not been studied. We investigated the effect of C2 ceramide on the mitogenic signal transduction pathways induced by PDGF in mesangial cells. Increasing concentrations of C2 ceramide inhibited PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner with maximum inhibition at 15 muM. This inhibition of DNA synthesis was associated with attenuation of PDGF-induced early response gene c-fos transcription. PDGF receptor beta immunecomplex kinase assay showed no inhibitory effect of C2 ceramide on PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity. We have recently shown that the mitogenic effect of PDGF is mediated by the enzyme phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3 kinase in mesangial cells. C2 ceramide had no effect on PDGF-induced PDGFR-associated PI 3 kinase activity. These data indicate that inhibitory effect of C2 on PDGF-induced DNA synthesis is likely due to post-receptor and post-PI 3 kinase events. To address the mechanism of C2-mediated inhibition of DNA synthesis, we investigated the downstream target of PI 3 kinase, Akt. PDGF time-dependently increased Akt kinase activity in a PI 3 kinase-dependent manner. Incubation of mesangial cells with C2 ceramide inhibited PDGF-induced Akt activity. Akt kinase inhibits apoptosis of cells via phosphorylation of multiple pro-apoptotic proteins. However, inhibition of Akt activity by C2 ceramide did not induce apoptosis in mesangial cells. These data provide the first evidence that in mesangial cells, ceramide cross-talks with PI 3 kinase-dependent Akt kinase to inhibit PDGF-induced DNA synthesis without inducing apoptosis. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Choudhury, GG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Mail Code 7882,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM choudhuryg@uthscsa.edu NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X EI 1090-2104 J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD SEP 7 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 5 BP 1183 EP 1190 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5483 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 472CT UT WOS:000170966200052 ER PT J AU Chen, EY Nguyen, TD AF Chen, EY Nguyen, TD TI Gallbladder sludge SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Chen, EY (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD SEP 6 PY 2001 VL 345 IS 10 BP E2 EP E2 DI 10.1056/ENEJMicm010154 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 468RX UT WOS:000170772900006 PM 11547762 ER PT J AU Branch, WT Kern, D Haidet, P Weissmann, P Gracey, CF Mitchell, G Inui, T AF Branch, WT Kern, D Haidet, P Weissmann, P Gracey, CF Mitchell, G Inui, T TI Teaching the human dimensions of care in clinical settings SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BEDSIDE CASE PRESENTATIONS; MEDICAL-STUDENTS; ROLE MODELS; PROFESSIONAL-DEVELOPMENT; RESIDENTS; EDUCATION; CURRICULUM; PHYSICIAN; PERCEPTIONS; EXPERIENCE AB Despite repeated calls to emphasize the humanistic dimensions of care during medical education, these are few known techniques for effective teaching of humanism. We describe the barriers that inhibit humanistic teaching and suggest pragmatic teaching methods to overcome such barriers and teach humanistic care in clinical settings. We began by asking participants at a conference on patient-physician communications sponsored by the American Academy on Physician and Patient in June 1 1998, "What can we do in the patient's presence to improve and teach the human dimensions of care? Please provide one or more examples of approaches you found to be effective. " We augmented this information with suggestions from a number of colleagues in other settings. In a series of iterations, we analyzed all their suggestions to identify key teaching methods. We found that barriers to teaching humanism largely consist of elements of the informal and hidden curricula in medical schools. We then defined methods to help teachers overcome these barriers. Specific methods fall into the 3 categories of taking advantage of seminal events, role modeling, and using active learning skills. We believe that formal courses and other well-motivated endeavors that take place away from patients fall to foster humanistic care. In contrast, we present pragmatic teaching methods that can be used in the fast-paced setting of the clinical environment. C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Sch, Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Fairview, MN USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Fetzer Inst, Kalamazoo, MI USA. RP Branch, WT (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Med, 1525 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 56 TC 134 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 5 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 9 BP 1067 EP 1074 DI 10.1001/jama.286.9.1067 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 469EW UT WOS:000170802500021 PM 11559292 ER PT J AU Andriani, F Nan, B Yu, J Li, XY Weigel, NL McPhaul, MJ Kasper, S Kagawa, S Fang, BL Matusik, RJ Denner, L Marcelli, M AF Andriani, F Nan, B Yu, J Li, XY Weigel, NL McPhaul, MJ Kasper, S Kagawa, S Fang, BL Matusik, RJ Denner, L Marcelli, M TI Use of the probasin promoter ARR(2)PB to express Bax in androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cells SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE-5; PROAPOPTOTIC GENE BAX; TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; BINDING DOMAIN; LNCAP CELLS; LINE LNCAP; IN-VIVO; CARCINOMA; CASPASE-7 AB Background: Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the apoptosis-inducing protein Bax can induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. Constitutive overexpression of Bax could result in unwanted apoptosis in every site of accidental Bax accumulation in vivo. Therefore, we developed an adenoviral construct (Av-ARR(2)PB-Bax) in which the probasin promoter, modified to contain two androgen response elements, drives Bax expression. This promoter would be expected to limit expression of Bax to cells expressing the androgen receptor. Methods: A variety of androgen receptor (AR)-positive and -negative cell lines of prostatic or nonprostatic origin were infected with Av-ARR2PB-Bax or a control virus, Av-ARR(2)PB-CAT, in which the same promoter drives expression of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase-reporter gene. Bax expression and apoptosis in vitro were assessed by western blot analysis. Tumor size and apoptosis in vivo were assessed after four weekly injections of Av-ARR(2)PB-Bax or Av-ARR(2)PB-CAT into subcutaneous LNCaP xenografts growing in uncastrated male mice. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Bax was overexpressed in an androgen-dependent way in AR-positive cell lines of prostatic origin but not in AR-positive cells of nonprostatic origin or in AR-negative cell lines of either prostatic or nonprostatic origin. The androgen dihydrotestosterone activated apoptosis in LNCaP cells infected with Av-ARR2PB-Bax but not in those infected with Av-ARR(2)-PB-CAT. Av-ARR(2)PB-Bax-injected LNCaP xenograft tumors decreased in tumor size from 34.1 mm(3) (95% confidence interval [CI] = 25.1 mm(3) to 43.1 mm(3)) to 24.6 mm(3) (95% CI = -2.5 mm(3) to 51.7 mm(3)), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .5). Tumors injected with Av-ARR(2)PB-CAT increased in size, from 28.9 mm(3) (95% CI = 12.7 mm(3) to 45.1 mm(3)) to 206 mm(3) (95% CI = 122 mm(3) to 290 mm(3)) (P = .002) and contained statistically significant more apoptotic cells (23.3% [95% CI = 21.1% to 25.6%] versus 9.5% [95% CI = 8.0% to 11.1]) (P < .001). Conclusions: Av-ARR2PB-Bax induces androgen-dependent therapeutic apoptosis in vitro and in vivo by activating apoptosis in AR-positive cells derived specifically from prostatic epithelium and does not affect nonprostatic cells. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Urol Surg, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Biotechnol Corp, Houston, TX USA. RP Marcelli, M (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe,Bldg 109,Rm 217, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI KAGAWA, Shunsuke/B-2189-2011; Andriani, Francesca/D-4898-2017 OI Andriani, Francesca/0000-0002-6178-7789 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01DK03892, R01DK55748] NR 43 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD SEP 5 PY 2001 VL 93 IS 17 BP 1314 EP 1324 DI 10.1093/jnci/93.17.1314 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 467ZU UT WOS:000170734300010 PM 11535706 ER PT J AU Kressin, NR Petersen, LA AF Kressin, NR Petersen, LA TI Racial differences in the use of invasive cardiovascular procedures: Review of the literature and prescription for future research SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; OF-VETERANS-AFFAIRS; CORONARY-REVASCULARIZATION PROCEDURES; ARTERY BYPASS-SURGERY; HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM; PATIENT-PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIAC PROCEDURES; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; DECISION-MAKING AB Purpose: The cause of racial disparities in the use of invasive cardiac procedures remains unclear. To summarize, evaluate, and clarify gaps in the literature, studies examining racial differences in cardiac catheterization, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were reviewed. Data Sources: MEDLINE search for English-language articles published from 1966 to May 2000. Study Selection: Empirical studies of adults. Data Extraction: The odds ratios for procedure use by race were examined for each study; cohorts and covariates were also documented. Data Synthesis: Literature was classified as one of three groups on the basis of study design. For the first group, which used administrative data, odds ratios (ORs) for African-American patients compared with white patients ranged from 0.41 to 0.94 for cardiac catheterization, from 0.32 to 0.80 for PTCA, and from 0.23 to 0.68 for CABG. Procedure rates were also lower for Hispanic and Asian patients. In the second group, which used detailed clinical data, African-American patients remained disproportionately less likely to receive cardiac catheterization (OR, 0.03 to 0.85), PTCA (OR, 0.20 to 0.87), and CABG (OR, 0.22 to 0.68). A few studies noted that Hispanic and Asian patients were also disproportionately less likely to receive such procedures. The third group used survey methods but found conflicting results regarding patient refusals as a source of racial variation. Less-educated patients and patients who were not as experienced with the procedure were more likely to decline PTCA. Physician bias was also associated with racial variation in recommendations for treatment. Conclusions: Racial differences in invasive cardiac procedure use were found even after adjustment for disease severity. Future studies should comprehensively and simultaneously examine the full range of patient, physician, and health care system variables related to racial differences in the provision of invasive cardiac procedures. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kressin, NR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, 200 Springs Rd,Bldg 70 152, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 93 TC 271 Z9 271 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD SEP 4 PY 2001 VL 135 IS 5 BP 352 EP 366 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 468WF UT WOS:000170780600006 PM 11529699 ER PT J AU Branas, CC Knudson, MM AF Branas, CC Knudson, MM TI Helmet laws and motorcycle rider death rates SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE injury; motor vehicles; motorcycle helmets; health policy ID ALCOHOL-USE; INJURIES; HEAD; SAFETY; FATALITIES; SEVERITY; DRIVERS; CRASHES; COSTS; TEXAS AB We investigated motorcycle rider death rates between states with full motorcycle helmet laws and those without. This was done using both unadjusted bivariate analyses and multivariate random-effects generalized least squares regression models of rider death rates. Multivariate models were adjusted for the competing influences of several explanatory variables, including the existence of a motorcycle helmet law. From 1994 to 1996, states with helmet laws experienced a median death rate of 6.20 riders per 10000 registered motorcycles and states without helmet laws experienced a median death rate of 5.07 riders per 10000 registered motorcycles (P = 0.008). After controlling for other factors that affect motorcycle rider fatalities (most notably population density and temperature), death rates in states with full helmet laws were shown to be lower on average than deaths rates in states without full helmet laws (P = 0.740). Our study weakens the claim that rider death rates are significantly lower in states without full motorcycle helmet laws. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Branas, CC (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, 807 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU PHS HHS [R49CCR903697] NR 30 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 33 IS 5 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.1016/S0001-4575(00)00078-6 PG 8 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 457HD UT WOS:000170130300007 PM 11491244 ER PT J AU Libet, JM Frueh, BC Pellegrin, KL Gold, PB Santos, AB Arana, GW AF Libet, JM Frueh, BC Pellegrin, KL Gold, PB Santos, AB Arana, GW TI Absenteeism and productivity among mental health employees SO ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE absenteeism; employees; sick leave AB We examined archival data to test the hypothesis that absenteeism is inversely related to work productivity among mental health employees at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center outpatient clinic. Results provided partial support for this hypothesis in that there was an inverse correlation between one measure of productivity and the percentage of sick and family care leave taken on Mondays and Fridays (r=.54). No significant relationship between work productivity and total sick and/or family care leave was found, although there was a trend in that direction (r=.34). These data suggest that mental health clinicians who use high levels of sick and/or family care leave are not necessarily unproductive workers. However, high percentages of absenteeism. on Mondays and Fridays may represent a red flag for identifying under-performing clinicians. Examination of absenteeism patterns may prove useful for administrators. Management policy strategies to reduce absenteeism are suggested. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Libet, JM (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [K08-MH01660-01] NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0894-587X J9 ADM POLICY MENT HLTH JI Adm. Policy. Ment. Health PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1023/A:1013116931570 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 512LJ UT WOS:000173325600003 PM 11811772 ER PT J AU Reoux, JP Saxon, AJ Malte, CA Baer, JS Sloan, KL AF Reoux, JP Saxon, AJ Malte, CA Baer, JS Sloan, KL TI Divalproex sodium in alcohol withdrawal: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1999 CL SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA SP Res Soc Alcoholism DE alcoholism; substance withdrawal; valproic acid ID VALPROIC ACID; BENZODIAZEPINES; CARBAMAZEPINE; ANTICONVULSANTS; DISORDERS; TOXICITY; OXAZEPAM AB Background: Divalproex sodium, an anticonvulsant and antikindling agent and gamma -aminobutyric acid enhancer, has been proposed as an alternative to benzodiazepines for treating alcohol withdrawal. This study reports on a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of divalproex sodium in acute alcohol withdrawal. Methods: Thirty-six hospitalized patients experiencing moderate alcohol withdrawal as measured by a score of at least 10 on the revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar) were randomized to receive either divalproex sodium 500 mg three times per day for 7 days or matched placebo in a double-blind manner. All subjects received a baseline dose of oxazepam. and had additional oxazepam available as a rescue medication in accordance with a standard, symptom-triggered detoxification protocol. Mean total milligrams of oxazepam received, progression of withdrawal symptoms, psychological distress as measured by the Symptom Checklist-90, side effects, and adverse outcomes were compared between groups. Results: Use of divalproex sodium resulted in less use of oxazepam (p < 0.033). Group differences seemed primarily driven by those subjects who experienced symptoms above threshold level (CIWA-Ar 10) after 12 hr. The progression in severity of withdrawal symptoms (increase in CIWA-Ar above baseline) was also significantly greater in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This placebo-controlled pilot study suggests that divalproex sodium significantly affects the course of acute alcohol withdrawal and reduces the need for treatment with a benzodiazepine. A more aggressive loading dose strategy may demonstrate a more robust or earlier response. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Addict Treatment Ctr 116ATC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA USA. RP Reoux, JP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Addict Treatment Ctr 116ATC, 1660 S Columbin Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 26 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD SEP PY 2001 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1324 EP 1329 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02354.x PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 473LE UT WOS:000171044800012 PM 11584152 ER PT J AU Myrick, H Henderson, S Anton, RF AF Myrick, H Henderson, S Anton, RF TI Utility of a new assay for carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (BIORAD %CDT TIA) to monitor abstinence during a treatment outcome study SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alcoholism; transferrin; gamma-glutamyltransferase; treatment outcome ID GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; LABORATORY MARKERS; DETECTING RELAPSE; DRINKING; SERUM; ABUSE; TRANSPLANTATION; TRANSPEPTIDASE; ETHANOL AB Background: The ability to reliably detect heavy alcohol use is important in both clinical and research populations. The current study evaluates the utility of the newest method of measuring carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) in monitoring the abstinence during a treatment outcome study. Methods: Blood from 40 alcohol dependent individuals was obtained at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12 of treatment. Differences in percent of baseline GGT and %CDT levels were analyzed in people who remained abstinent throughout treatment (abstainers) and in those who consumed alcohol during treatment (drinkers). Results: There was a significant decrease in the percent of baseline %CDT levels in the subjects who abstained at week 4 and a trend at weeks 8 and 12. Conversely, there were no significant differences in percent of baseline GGT levels between drinkers and abstainers at any time point. Conclusions: Although small in nature, this study provides preliminary evidence for the use of the relatively new Biorad %CDT assay to monitor drinking status during treatment outcome studies. This study is also consistent with previously reported findings that GGT appears to be less sensitive than %CDT in detecting the consumption of alcohol. A larger trial focusing on sex differences in the utility of % CDT to monitor outcome would be of interest. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Alcohol Res Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Myrick, H (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [K23 AA00314-01] NR 24 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD SEP PY 2001 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1330 EP 1334 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02355.x PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 473LE UT WOS:000171044800013 PM 11584153 ER PT J AU Kessova, IG Leo, MA Lieber, CS AF Kessova, IG Leo, MA Lieber, CS TI Effect of beta-carotene on hepatic cytochrome P-450 in ethanol-fed rats SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE beta-carotene; ethanol; cytochrome p-450; liver; microsomes ID LUNG-CANCER; ALCOHOL; ALPHA; LIVER; HEPATOTOXICITY; HYDROXYLATION; ANTIOXIDANT; NITROPHENOL; MICROSOMES; CYP2E1 AB Background: Hepatotoxicity of ethanol is increased by beta -carotene in both rodents and nonhuman primates. Furthermore, in smokers who are also drinkers, beta -carotene increases the incidence of pulmonary cancer. The hepatotoxicity was associated with proliferation of the membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting the involvement of cytochromes P-450. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of beta -carotene and ethanol treatment on rodent hepatic cytochromes P-450. Methods and Results: Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were pair-fed beta -carotene (56.5 mg/l of diet) for 8 weeks, with and without ethanol (Lieber-DeCarli, 1994 liquid diet). As expected, ethanol increased CYP2E1 (measured by Western blots) from 67 +/- 8 to 317 +/- 27 densitometric units (p < 0.001). Furthermore, -carotene potentiated the ethanol induction to 442 +/- 38 densitometric units (p < 0.01) with a significant interaction (p = 0.012). The rise was confirmed by a corresponding increase in the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol, a specific substrate for CYP2E1, and by the inhibition with diethyl dithiocarbamate (50 M). beta -Carotene alone also significantly induced CYP4A1 protein (328 +/- 49 vs. 158 +/- 17 densitometric units, p < 0.05). The corresponding CYP4A1 mRNA (measured by Northern blots) was also increased (p < 0.05) and there was a significant interaction of the two treatments (p = 0.015). The combination of ethanol and beta -carotene had no significant effect on either total cytochrome P-450 or CYP1A1/2, CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A2/3 contents. Conclusions: beta -Carotene potentiates the CYP2E1 induction by ethanol in rat liver and also increases CYP4A1, which may, at least in part, explain the associated hepatotoxicity. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07275, AA11160] NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD SEP PY 2001 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1368 EP 1372 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02360.x PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 473LE UT WOS:000171044800018 PM 11584158 ER PT J AU Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Nebes, R Miller, MD Sweet, RA Stack, J Houck, PR Bensasi, S Mazumdar, S Reynolds, CF AF Mulsant, BH Pollock, BG Nebes, R Miller, MD Sweet, RA Stack, J Houck, PR Bensasi, S Mazumdar, S Reynolds, CF TI A twelve-week, double-blind, randomized comparison of nortriptyline and paroxetine in older depressed inpatients and outpatients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the New-Clinical-Drug-Evaluation-Unit CY MAY 30-JUN 02, 2000 CL BOCA RATON, FL SP New Clin Drug Evaluat Unit ID SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; CONTROLLED MULTICENTER; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; RATING-SCALE; ANTIDEPRESSANTS AB Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be less efficacious than tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of severe depression in older patients. The authors compared the 12-week clinical outcome of older depressed patients treated with nortriptyline or paroxetine in a double-blind randomized comparison in 116 psychiatric inpatients and outpatients (mean age: 72 +/-8 years) who presented with a major depressive episode or melancholic depression. Discontinuation and response rates were compared inpatients who began or who completed treatment. The discontinuation rate due to side effects was significantly higher with nortriptyline than with paroxetine (33% Vs. 16%). There were no significant differences between the rates of response in the Intent-to-Treat analysis (nortriptyline: 57% vs. paroxetine: 55%), or the Completer analysis (nortriptyline: 78% vs. paroxetine: 84%). Altbough paroxetine appears to be better tolerated than nortriptyline, the efficacy of these two drugs does not appear to differ in the acute treatment of older depressed patients, including hospitalized patients and those with melancholic features. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Intervent Res Ctr Study Latelife Mood Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Educ & Clin Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mulsant, BH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin E837, 3811 Ohara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mulsantbh@msx.upmc.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 05133]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH43832, MH 00295, MH 01509, MH 01613, MH 37869, MH 52247] NR 45 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1064-7481 EI 1545-7214 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 9 IS 4 BP 406 EP 414 DI 10.1176/appi.ajgp.9.4.406 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 484PF UT WOS:000171698200009 PM 11739067 ER PT J AU Siegel, D Lopez, J Meier, J Cunningham, F AF Siegel, D Lopez, J Meier, J Cunningham, F TI Changes in the pharmacologic treatment of hypertension in the department of veterans affairs 1997-1999: Decreased use of calcium antagonists and increased use of beta-blockers and thiazide diuretics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE adrenergic beta-antagonists; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; calcium channel blockers; cost control; diuretics; health care costs; hypertension ID ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CHANNEL BLOCKERS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; THERAPY; HEALTH; CARE; RISK AB Older studies of antihypertensive treatment have shown that prescribing patterns are not consistent with recommendations from expert national panels. We determined whether prescribing patterns for antihypertensive drugs changed recently in the largest integrated health care system in the United States. Specifically, we determine 1) patterns of antihypertensive medication use at all Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical facilities for fiscal years 1997 to 1999, 2) the cost of this care, and 3) savings associated with changes in treatment patterns. Data were aggregated by individual medication as well as by antihypertensive drug class. Estimates of VA national antihypertensive drug costs are based on the median cost and the number of units for each dosage form of each medication dispensed at all facilities. At VA medical facilities, calcium antagonist use went from 33% to 29.3% of antihypertensive treatment days between 1997 and 1999, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use from 36.4% to 36.8%, beta -blockers from 19.1% to 21.1%, and thiazide diuretic use from at 11.5% to 12.8%. If treatment patterns had remained the same between 1997 and 1999 in terms of the proportion of medications from each drug class, an additional six million dollars would have been spent on antihypertensive medications in 1999. Although calcium antagonists and ACE inhibitors/ARB remained the most commonly dispensed antihypertensives at VA facilities from 1997 to 1999, there was a proportional decrease in calcium antagonist use and an increase in the use of thiazide diuretics and beta -blockers. These changes were consistent with improved compliance with VA national guidelines. The cost implications of these changes in practice patterns were considerable. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14:957-962 (C) 2001 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. C1 No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Med Serv, Mather, CA 95655 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Serv Pharm, Dept Vet Affairs, Martinez, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Pacific, Sch Pharm, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Pharm Benefits Management Strateg Hlth Grp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Siegel, D (reprint author), No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Med Serv, 111,10535 Hosp Way, Mather, CA 95655 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 14 IS 9 BP 957 EP 962 DI 10.1016/S0895-7061(01)02185-9 PN 1 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 473KY UT WOS:000171044100017 PM 11587164 ER PT J AU Whitsel, EA Boyko, EJ Matsumoto, AM Anawalt, BD Siscovick, DS AF Whitsel, EA Boyko, EJ Matsumoto, AM Anawalt, BD Siscovick, DS TI Intramuscular testosterone esters and plasma lipids in hypogonadal men: A meta-analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN; CLINICAL RESEARCH-CENTER; ENDOGENOUS SEX-HORMONES; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; PUBLICATION BIAS; BODY-COMPOSITION AB PURPOSE: It is unclear whether intramuscular administration of testosterone esters to hypogonadal men is associated with changes in plasma lipids. We therefore analyzed 19 studies published between 1987 and 1999 that focused on male subjects with nonexperimental hypogonadism, treated subjects with an intramuscular testosterone ester and reported pretreatment and post-treatment concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or total triglyceride. METHODS: We calculated study-specific, post-treatment minus pretreatment differences in each plasma lipid concentration (mean [95% confidence interval]). After testing of between-study homogeneity, we combined the study-specific differences. We then determined whether heterogeneity of differences could be explained in models of the differences on study and patient characteristics (mean +/- SE) before and after excluding extreme values using a multiple outlier procedure. RESULTS: The studies represented 272 hypogonadal men (age 44 +/- 4 years; 20% with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism; total testosterone 0.5 0.2 ng/mL) who received, on average, 179 +/- 13 mg intramuscular testosterone ester every 16 +/- 1 days for 6 +/- 1 months, Fixed-effects estimates of post-treatment minus pretreatment differences were -14 [ -17 to -11] mg/dL (total cholesterol), -1 [ - 8 to -1 ] mg/dL (LDL cholesterol), -4 [ - 5 to -2] mg/dL (HDL cholesterol), and -1 [-6 to + 4] mg/dL (triglyceride). Decreases in HDL cholesterol were larger at lower dosages of testosterone ester (r = -0.54, P = 0.055), but were not explained by attrition, regression to the mean, dosing frequency or duration, concomitant elevation of plasma total testosterone, aromatization of testosterone to estradiol, or other study and patient characteristics. CONCLUSION: Intramuscular administration of testosterone esters to hypogonadal men is associated with a small, dosage dependent decrease in HDL cholesterol and concomitant declines in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. The aggregate effect of these changes on cardiovascular risk remains unknown but deserves further study. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, Bank Amer Ctr,Suite 306,137 E Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [5T32-HL-07055] NR 65 TC 123 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 EI 1555-7162 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 111 IS 4 BP 261 EP 269 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00833-6 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 476VE UT WOS:000171248800002 PM 11566455 ER PT J AU Gage, BF Fihn, SD White, RH AF Gage, BF Fihn, SD White, RH TI Seasonal control of warfarin therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Washington Univ, Div Gen Med Sci, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Div Gen Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Gage, BF (reprint author), Washington Univ, Div Gen Med Sci, St Louis, MO USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 111 IS 4 BP 332 EP 332 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00889-0 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 476VE UT WOS:000171248800018 PM 11583017 ER PT J AU Pantukosit, S Petchkrua, W Stiens, SA AF Pantukosit, S Petchkrua, W Stiens, SA TI Intersection syndrome in Buriram Hospital - A 4-yr prospective study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE intersection syndrome; cumulative trauma disorder; overuse syndromes; regional musculoskeletal disorders; repetitive motion disorders ID CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; UPPER EXTREMITY; INJURIES; FOREARM; WORK; HAND AB Objective: To determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, symptoms, treatment, and outcome of patients who presented to Buriram Provincial hospital and were diagnosed with intersection syndrome. Design: This was a 4-yr prospective study that included all patients with new complaints of forearm and hand pain who presented to Buriram hospital as inpatients or outpatients. Results: The prevalence of intersection syndrome was found to be 0.37% of all patients (8080) with arm or hand pain. Of the 30 patients presenting with intersection syndrome, all had forearm pain, 22 (73.3%) had swelling, and 12 (40%) had crepitus noted in the intersected region. Fourteen (46.7%) patients reported pain provoked with twisting hand motions with radial deviations, 4 (13.3%) with pulling, and 12 (40%) with combinations of multiple hand movements (threshing, planting, hammering, hand washing, spraying and cementing). The majority of the patients were male (70%) farmers (60%). Twenty-nine patients received nonoperative treatment, including modified work activities to reduce stress on the wrist, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, and analgesic medications. One patient received only analgesic medication. One patient additionally required a resting hand splint. Every patient was seen for follow-up within the next 7 days. By 12-18 months posttreatment, there were only 14 patients (46.6%) remaining in follow-up, none with any symptom recurrence. Conclusion: Intersection syndrome is a relatively uncommon, overused syndrome that is associated with repeated radial deviation of the wrist and responds favorably to conservative treatment. C1 Buriram Provincial Hosp, Dept Orthoped, Buriram, Thailand. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Petchkrua, W (reprint author), Bangkok Gen Hosp, Bangkok Rehabil Ctr, 1 Soi Soonvijai 7,New Petchburi Rd, Bangkok 10320, Thailand. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 80 IS 9 BP 656 EP 661 DI 10.1097/00002060-200109000-00005 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 464ZW UT WOS:000170564100005 PM 11523968 ER PT J AU Boninger, ML Chan, L Harvey, R Pine, ZM Helkowski, W Garrison, CJ Tran, T Levin, H Levy, CE AF Boninger, ML Chan, L Harvey, R Pine, ZM Helkowski, W Garrison, CJ Tran, T Levin, H Levy, CE TI Resident research education in physical medicine and rehabilitation - A practical approach SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE research; education; rehabilitation; residency training ID CLINICAL RESEARCH; MANAGED CARE; JOURNAL CLUB; USERS GUIDES; PROGRAMS; PUBLICATIONS; ATTITUDES; DECISION; FACULTY; IMPACT AB The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education includes training in research as a required component of physical medicine and rehabilitation residency programs. Unfortunately, there is a lack of practical information on how to meet this requirement. In this paper, information is provided for individuals involved in resident education on how to teach residents about research. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Rehabil Inst Chicago, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA. Ctr Excellence Acad Geriatr, San Francisco, CA USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Dallas, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Dallas, TX USA. N Florida S Georgia Vet Hlth Syst, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Boninger, ML (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 201 Kaufmann Bldg,3471 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 80 IS 9 BP 706 EP 712 DI 10.1097/00002060-200109000-00013 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 464ZW UT WOS:000170564100011 PM 11523974 ER PT J AU Livingston, EH Lee, S AF Livingston, EH Lee, S TI Body surface area prediction in normal-weight and obese patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE body height; body weight; anthropometry; biological models ID HEIGHT; CURVES AB None of the equations frequently used to predict body surface area (BSA) has been validated for obese patients. We applied the principles of body size scaling to derive an improved equation predicting BSA solely from a patient's weight. Forty-five patients weighing from 51.3 to 248.6 kg had their height and weight measured on a calibrated scale and their BSA calculated by a geometric method. Data were combined with a large series of published BSA estimates. BSA prediction with the commonly used Du Bois equation underestimated BSA in obese patients by as much as 20%. The equation we derived to relate BSA to body weight was a power function: BSA (m(2)) = 0.1173 x Wt (kg)(0.6466). Below 10 kg, this equation deviated significantly from the BSA vs. body weight curve, necessitating a different set of coefficients: BSA (m(2)) = 0.1037 x Wt (kg)(0.6724). Covariance of height and weight for patients weighing <80 kg reduced the Du Bois BSA-predicting equation to a power function, explaining why it provides good BSA predictions for normal-size patients but fails with obesity. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 13 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 281 IS 3 BP E586 EP E591 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 465BZ UT WOS:000170569900020 PM 11500314 ER PT J AU Motomura, K Ohata, M Satre, M Tsukamoto, H AF Motomura, K Ohata, M Satre, M Tsukamoto, H TI Destabilization of TNF-alpha mRNA by retinoic acid in hepatic macrophages: implications for alcoholic liver disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE Kupffer cells; tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA stability; retinoic acid receptors; retinoid X receptors; retinoic acid response element ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; VITAMIN-A; GENE-EXPRESSION; ALL-TRANS; KUPFFER CELLS; X-RECEPTOR; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; RESPONSE ELEMENT; BINDING-PROTEINS; STELLATE CELLS AB Retinoic acid (RA) inhibits hepatic macrophage (HM) cytokine expression, and retinoids are depleted in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, neither the causal link between the two nor the mechanism underlying RA-mediated HM inhibition is known. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanism of RA-induced inhibition of HM tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expression and the relevance of this regulation to ALD. Treatment with all-trans RA (500 nM) caused a 50% inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNF-alpha expression by cultured normal rat HM. The mRNA levels for inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta were also reduced, whereas those for transforming growth factor-beta1, MMP-9, and membrane cofactor protein-1 were unaffected. The inhibitory effect on TNF-alpha expression was reproduced by LG268, a retinoid X receptor (RXR)-specific ligand, but not by TTNPB, an RA receptor (RAR)-specific ligand. RA did not alter LPS-stimulated NF-kB and activation protein-1 binding but significantly decreased TNF-alpha mRNA stability in HM. HM isolated from the ALD model showed significant decreases in all-trans RA (-48%) and 9-cis RA (-61%) contents, RA response element (RARE) binding, and mRNA levels for RAR beta, RYR alpha, and cytosolic retinol binding protein-1, whereas TNF-alpha mRNA expression was induced. TNF-alpha mRNA stability was increased in these cells, and an ex vivo treatment with all-trans RA normalized both RAR beta and TNF-alpha mRNA levels. These results demonstrate the RA-induced destabilization of TNF-alpha mRNA by cultured HM and the association of RA depletion with increased TNF-alpha mRNA stability in HM from experimental ALD. These findings suggest that RA depletion primes HM for proinflammatory cytokine expression in ALD, at least in part, via posttranscriptional regulation. C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RP Tsukamoto, H (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, MMR 402,1333 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R37-AA-06603, P50-AA-11999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30-DK-48522] NR 55 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 281 IS 3 BP E420 EP E429 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 465BZ UT WOS:000170569900002 PM 11500296 ER PT J AU Van Remmen, H Williams, MD Guo, ZM Estlack, L Yang, H Carlson, EJ Epstein, CJ Huang, TT Richardson, A AF Van Remmen, H Williams, MD Guo, ZM Estlack, L Yang, H Carlson, EJ Epstein, CJ Huang, TT Richardson, A TI Knockout mice heterozygous for Sod2 show alterations in cardiac mitochondrial function and apoptosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE permeability transition; oxidative stress ID MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION PORE; ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; MNSOD GENE-EXPRESSION; CYCLOSPORINE-A; CYTOCHROME-C; CELL-DEATH; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE AB Heart mitochondria from heterozygous (Sod2(-/+)) knockout mice have a 50% reduction in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity. The decrease in MnSOD activity was associated with increased mitochondrial oxidative damage as demonstrated by a decrease in the activities of iron sulfhydryl proteins sensitive to oxygen stress (aconitase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-oxidoreductase). Mitochondrial function was altered in the Sod2(-/+) mice, as shown by decreased respiration by complex I and an increase in the sensitivity of the permeability transition to induction by calcium and t-butylhydroperoxide. The increased induction of the permeability transition in heart mitochondria from Sod2(-/+) mice was associated with increased release of cytochrome c and an increase in DNA fragmentation. Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal Sod2(-/+) and Sod2(-/-) mice were more sensitive to cell death than cardiomyocytes from Sod2(+/+) mice after t-butylhydroperoxide treatment, and this increased sensitivity was prevented by inhibiting the permeability transition with cyclosporin A. These experiments demonstrate that MnSOD may play an important role in the induction of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in the heart, and this appears to occur primarily through the permeability transition. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sam & Ann Barshop Ctr Longev & Aging Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Van Remmen, H (reprint author), Audie Murphy VA Hosp, GRECC 182,7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-15908, AG-16998, P03-AG-13319] NR 68 TC 133 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 281 IS 3 BP H1422 EP H1432 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 467LR UT WOS:000170705100055 PM 11514315 ER PT J AU Dracheva, S Marras, SAE Elhakem, SL Kramer, FR Davis, KL Haroutunian, V AF Dracheva, S Marras, SAE Elhakem, SL Kramer, FR Davis, KL Haroutunian, V TI N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of elderly patients with schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID IONOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; POST-MORTEM BRAINS; NMDA RECEPTORS; POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITY; ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; MOLECULAR BEACONS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; BINDING-SITES; MULTIPLEX DETECTION; HUMAN HIPPOCAMPUS AB Objective: The N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) class of glutamate receptors has received attention in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia because of the similarity between some schizophrenic symptoms and symptoms caused by NMDA antagonists. To determine if NMDA receptor abnormalities were present at the mRNA level, expression of NMDA receptor (NR) subunits NR1, NR2A, and NR2B Was measured in specimens from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the occipital cortex of elderly patients with schizophrenia and normal elderly subjects. Method: Postmortem specimens from antemortem assessed and diagnosed elderly patients with schizophrenia (N=26) were compared with those from a neuropathologically and neuropsychiatrically normal elderly comparison group (N=13) and from patients with Alzheimer's disease (N=10). The mRNA expression of the NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunits and of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95), a protein associated with postsynaptic NMDA receptors, was studied with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: Expression of NR1 and NR2A but not NR2B subunits was higher in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the occipital cortex of patients with schizophrenia than in the normal and Alzheimer's disease groups. In contrast, NR1 expression was significantly lower in the Alzheimer's disease group. Occipital cortex expression of PSD-95 was higher in the schizophrenic subjects and correlated strongly with the expression of NR2A and NR2B in both cortical regions and with expression of NR1 in the occipital cortex, These results were not influenced by neuroleptic exposure history, postmortem interval, or age of the subject, Conclusions: NMDA receptor subunits are abnormally expressed in elderly patients with schizophrenia, The disproportionate expression of the NR1 and NR2A subunits relative to NR2B expression may have implications for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the sensitivity of schizophrenic patients to glutamate and glutamatergic drugs. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Publ Hlth Res Inst, Dept Mol Genet, New York, NY USA. RP Haroutunian, V (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, 130 W Kings Bridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-43521]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-45212] NR 96 TC 134 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 158 IS 9 BP 1400 EP 1410 DI 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.9.1400 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 468QP UT WOS:000170769900008 PM 11532724 ER PT J AU Hinkin, CH Castellon, SA Dickson-Fuhrman, E Daum, G Jaffe, J Jarvik, L AF Hinkin, CH Castellon, SA Dickson-Fuhrman, E Daum, G Jaffe, J Jarvik, L TI Screening for drug and alcohol abuse among older adults using a modified version of the CAGE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; QUESTIONNAIRE; DISORDERS; DRINKING AB This study examined the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves of a modified version of the CAGE, a screening measure used in the detection of older alcohol- and drug-abusing individuals. In a retrospective review of clinical records of 976 patients screened by a geriatric substance abuse program, the authors examined patients' responses on a modified version of the CAGE that included queries regarding drug use. The CAGE was administered to individuals age 50 or over drawn from three diagnostic groups: alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence, and normal controls. Analysis of variance and discriminant function analyses revealed that the modified CAGE was able to discriminate both alcohol and drug abusers from controls. Analyses examining test sensitivity, specificity, and ROC curves revealed the CAGE to demonstrate excellent sensitivity but poor specificity. Omitting the "cut down" item from the CAGE significantly improved specificity with only a modest drop in sensitivity. Given the ease of administration and sensitivity to both alcohol and drug abuse, these data suggest that the modified CAGE is well suited as a screening instrument for geriatric drug and alcohol abuse. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hinkin, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room C8-747, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU BRUNNER-ROUTLEDGE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, 8TH FL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 10 IS 4 BP 319 EP 326 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 507UP UT WOS:000173049900007 PM 11783746 ER PT J AU Netscher, DT Eladoumikdachi, F Goodman, CM AF Netscher, DT Eladoumikdachi, F Goodman, CM TI Rectus abdominis muscle flaps used successfully for median sternotomy wounds after ipsilateral internal mammary artery ligation SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID RECONSTRUCTION; MEDIASTINITIS; INFECTIONS AB Use of the rectus abdominis muscle for reconstruction based on its superior blood supply has been said by some to be contraindicated if the ipsilateral internal mammary artery (IMA) has been divided for reasons such as coronary artery bypass grafting. The authors describe 5 patients in whom either both IMAs were used for coronary revascularization or in whom there was a contralateral subcostal incision, and they were thus compelled to perform sternal reconstruction using at least one rectus abdominis muscle ipsilateral to prior IMA ligation. In all patients the muscle flap was used to reconstruct an open median sternotomy wound successfully. An injection study as well as a fresh cadaveric dissection revealed rich collateral circulation to the superior epigastric vascular pedicle through the musculophrenic artery as well as through the lower intercostal arteries. This case report and the series of 5 patients indicate that if elevation of the rectus muscle and division of the lateral segmental vessels is done only up to the costal margin, one can reliably maintain a viable rectus muscle flap, even in the face of prior ipsilateral IMA ligation. This enables useful reconstruction to the lower half of a sternal wound using the rectus abdominis muscle, requiring a pectoralis major muscle flap for the superior part of the wound. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Div Plast Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Netscher, DT (reprint author), 6560 Fannin,Suite 800, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 47 IS 3 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1097/00000637-200109000-00001 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 472EM UT WOS:000170970600001 PM 11562023 ER PT J AU Salat, DH Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS AF Salat, DH Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS TI Selective preservation and degeneration within the prefrontal cortex in aging and Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL-CORTEX; RHESUS-MONKEY; HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; CORTICAL AFFERENTS; ENTORHINAL CORTEX; TEMPORAL-LOBE; GRAY-MATTER; IN-VIVO; VOLUME; PATHOLOGY AB Background: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a heterogeneous cortical structure that supports higher cognitive functions, including working memory and verbal abilities. The PFC is vulnerable to neurodegeneration with healthy aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). Objective: We used volumetric magnetic resonance imaging to determine whether any region within the PFC is more vulnerable to deterioration with late aging or AD. Methods: Volumetric analysis of PFC regions was performed on younger healthy elderly subjects (n = 26; 14 men and 12 women [mean age, 71.7 years] for aging analysis; 12 men and 14 women [mean age, 71.4 years] for AD analysis), oldest healthy elderly (OHE) subjects (n = 22 [11 men and 11 women]; mean age, 88.9 years), and patients with AD (n=22 [12 men and 10 women]; mean age, 69.8 years). Results: The OHE subjects had less PFC white matter than did young healthy elderly subjects. The orbital region was selectively preserved relative to other PFC regions in the OHE subjects. Subjects with AD had less total PFC gray matter than did age-matched healthy subjects and significantly less volume in the inferior PFC region only. Conclusions: Orbital PFC is selectively preserved in OHE subjects. In contrast, degeneration within the PFC with AD is most prominent in the inferior PFC region. Thus, degeneration within the PFC has a regionally distinct pattern in healthy aging and AD. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Salat, DH (reprint author), Athinoula A Martinos Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bldg 149,13th St,Mail Code 149 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. EM salat@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08017, AG12611]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH11855] NR 28 TC 115 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 58 IS 9 BP 1403 EP 1408 DI 10.1001/archneur.58.9.1403 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 471RQ UT WOS:000170942800008 PM 11559311 ER PT J AU Sukonick, DL Pollock, BG Sweet, RA Mulsant, BH Rosen, J Klunk, WE Kastango, KB DeKosky, ST Ferrell, RE AF Sukonick, DL Pollock, BG Sweet, RA Mulsant, BH Rosen, J Klunk, WE Kastango, KB DeKosky, ST Ferrell, RE TI The 5-HTTPR*S/*L polymorphism and aggressive behavior in Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; ALLELIC VARIATION; DEMENTIA; SUICIDE; REGION; ONSET; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EXPRESSION; DEPRESSION AB Background: Aggressive behavior in Alzheimer disease (AD) has been linked to dysfunction of serotonin neurotransmission. Homozygosity for the long variant (*L) of an identified biallelic polymorphism of the serotonin transporter promoter region (5-HTTPR) is associated with increased expression of the transporter protein and increased speed of response to serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment. Objective: To determine whether the *L/*L genotype and the *L allele are associated with an increased risk of aggressive symptoms in patients with AD. Design: Case-control study. Setting: University hospital geriatric psychiatry inpatient program and Alzheimer disease research center. Subjects: Fifty-eight patients with AD with a history of aggressive behavior and 79 never-aggressive patients with AD with comparable severity of cognitive impairment. Main Outcome Measures: The 5-HTTPR genotype and allele frequency. Results: The *L/*L genotype was significantly associated with aggression in patients with AD (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.5). Similar results were obtained for *L allele frequency. Conclusion: The 5-HTTPR*L allele and *L/*L genotype may predispose patients with AD to develop aggressive behavior. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Div Geriatr & Neuropsychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Sweet, RA (reprint author), Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, 3811 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Klunk, William/0000-0001-5512-0251 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05133]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH01509, MH01603, MH52247, MH59666] NR 37 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 58 IS 9 BP 1425 EP 1428 DI 10.1001/archneur.58.9.1425 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 471RQ UT WOS:000170942800011 PM 11559314 ER PT J AU Billingsley, KG Maynard, C Schwartz, DL Dominitz, JA AF Billingsley, KG Maynard, C Schwartz, DL Dominitz, JA TI The use of trimodality therapy for the treatment of operable esophageal carcinoma in the veteran population - Patient survival and outcome analysis SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE esophageal neoplasms; surgery; radiation therapy; chemotherapy ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER STATISTICS; RADIATION-THERAPY; SURGERY; CHEMOTHERAPY; TRIAL; MULTICENTER; INDEX AB BACKGROUND. in an effort to improve the cure rates associated with surgical therapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is being used with increasing frequency before resection (trimodality therapy). A variety of clinical trials have reviewed this approach, but only one study to the authors' knowledge has shown a survival benefit for trimodality therapy. The extent to which trimodality therapy has gained acceptance in general practice is not clear. The objective of the current study was to determine the extent to which both surgery and trimodality therapy are used for the management of esophageal carcinoma within a large, national health care system and to determine the outcome of patients treated with these treatment approaches. METHODS. The current study was a retrospective cohort study. The study population was comprised of all veterans who underwent either surgery alone or trimodality therapy for operable esophageal carcinoma between the fiscal years of 1993 and 1997. Data were obtained from the Veterans Administration Patient Treatment File, Outpatient Clinic File, and the Beneficiary Identification Record Locator System. The main outcome measures were perioperative mortality and patient survival. RESULTS. During the study period, 695 patients underwent either surgery alone or trimodality therapy for esophageal carcinoma. Five hundred thirty-four (77%) patients were treated with surgery only. One hundred sixty-one (23%) patients underwent surgery after induction ch emo radiotherapy (trimodality therapy). Patients selected for trimodality therapy were younger (mean age, 60.8 years vs. 65.6 years), had fewer comorbidities, and were more likely to have a midesophageal tumor. The median survival for all patients was 15.2 months. The type of treatment had no apparent effect on survival. Favorable prognostic factors included younger age, a distal esophageal tumor, and the absence of metastases. The overall perioperative mortality was 13.7%. The use of trimodality therapy did not increase perioperative mortality. CONCLUSIONS. Trimodality therapy is commonly used within the VA system. The nonrandomized nature of this study does not allow comparison of trimodality therapy to surgery alone, but the overall survival was limited for all patients. The predictors of survival are related to the biology of the disease, and they include patient age, tumor location, and stage at diagnosis. Published 2001 by the American Cancer Society. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Billingsley, KG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, 112,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1272 EP 1280 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(20010901)92:5<1272::AID-CNCR1448>3.0.CO;2-A PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 472FC UT WOS:000170972000028 PM 11571743 ER PT J AU Pappas, PG Perfect, JR Cloud, GA Larsen, RA Pankey, GA Lancaster, DJ Henderson, H Kauffman, CA Haas, DW Saccente, M Hamill, RJ Holloway, MS Warren, RM Dismukes, WE AF Pappas, PG Perfect, JR Cloud, GA Larsen, RA Pankey, GA Lancaster, DJ Henderson, H Kauffman, CA Haas, DW Saccente, M Hamill, RJ Holloway, MS Warren, RM Dismukes, WE TI Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in the era of effective azole therapy SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis CY SEP 12-17, 1999 CL LONDON, ENGLAND ID CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; PULMONARY CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; MENINGITIS; FLUCONAZOLE; NEOFORMANS; AIDS; FLUCYTOSINE; INFECTION AB We conducted a case study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients with cryptococcosis at 15 United States medical centers from 1990 through 1996 to understand the demographics, therapeutic approach, and factors associated with poor prognosis in this population. Of 306 patients with cryptococcosis, there were 109 with pulmonary involvement, 157 with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, and 40 with involvement at other sites. Seventy-nine percent had a significant underlying condition. Patients with pulmonary disease were usually treated initially with fluconazole (63%); patients with CNS disease generally received amphotericin B (92%). Fluconazole was administered to approximately two-thirds of patients with CNS disease for consolidation therapy. Therapy was successful for 74% of patients. Significant predictors of mortality in multivariate analysis included age greater than or equal to 60 years, hematologic malignancy, and organ failure. Overall mortality was 30%, and mortality attributable to cryptococcosis was 12%. Cryptococcosis continues to be an important infection in HIV-negative patients and is associated with substantial overall and cause-specific mortality. C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Univ So Calif, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Oschner Clin, New Orleans, LA USA. Methodist Hosp, Memphis, TN USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Arkansas, Med Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Pappas, PG (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Birmingham Med Ctr, 1900 Univ Blvd,229 Tinsley Harrison Tower, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU PHS HHS [N01-A1-65296] NR 32 TC 264 Z9 282 U1 0 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 33 IS 5 BP 690 EP 699 DI 10.1086/322597 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 459VB UT WOS:000170271200014 PM 11477526 ER PT J AU Manning, K Jacobson, AF AF Manning, K Jacobson, AF TI Dehydration-induced renal dysfunction identified on a bone scan SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acute tubular necrosis; bone scan; renal activity C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Jacobson, AF (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Sect, S-113-NUC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 9 BP 802 EP 802 DI 10.1097/00003072-200109000-00023 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 482YK UT WOS:000171604700023 PM 11507312 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF AF Mendez, MF TI Visuospatial deficits with preserved reading ability in a patient with posterior cortical atrophy SO CORTEX LA English DT Article DE posterior cortical atrophy; dementia; alexia; reading; visual agnosia; spatial disorientation ID PROGRESSIVE VISUAL AGNOSIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BALINTS-SYNDROME; PURE ALEXIA; WORD-FORM; DEMENTIA; PATHWAYS; DISCONNECTION; IMPAIRMENT; DYSLEXIA AB Visuospatial deficits are characteristic of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). A 58 year old woman had progressive dressing apraxia and environmental disorientation but continued to read voraciously. Positron emission tomography revealed hypometabolism. of the occipitoparietal regions bilaterally, consistent with PCA. The symptoms suggested predominant dysfunction of the dorsal ("where") stream with abnormalities in visual localization and visuospatial integration; however, the patient also had a less pronounced apperceptive object agnosia. Further analysis of her preserved reading ability was performed. Familiar irregular words were read rapidly, but nonsense words were read slowly in a letter-by- letter fashion. She had a word superiority effect for embedded words and words with obscured letters but had difficulty reading stylized script or printing in unusual fonts. These findings suggested a dissociation between reading routes. Although the patient had a phonological dyslexia, her visuospatial processing was sufficient for access to preserved visual word forms for efficient lexical reading. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, 116AF,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU MASSON DIVISIONE PERIODICI PI MILAN PA VIA FRATELLI BRESSAN 2, 20126 MILAN, ITALY SN 0010-9452 J9 CORTEX JI Cortex PD SEP PY 2001 VL 37 IS 4 BP 535 EP 543 DI 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70592-6 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 487AG UT WOS:000171851100007 PM 11721864 ER PT J AU Lee, SP Ko, CW AF Lee, SP Ko, CW TI Gallstones SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY; UNENHANCED HELICAL CT; GALL STONE DISEASE; GALLBLADDER-DISEASE; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; MR CHOLANGIOGRAPHY; DEOXYCHOLIC-ACID; COFFEE CONSUMPTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; BILE AB Gallstones are estimated to affect over 20 million people in the United States. Recent studies have clarified the role of various dietary components in gallstone disease. Also, insulin resistance has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for gallstones. Other research has focused on the pathophysiology of gallstones and on clarifying the underlying mechanisms of previously noted risk factors for gallstones. New techniques for the noninvasive diagnosis of bile duct stones continue to be developed and tested. These techniques include computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiography. The impact and appropriateness of laparoscopic cholecystectomy continue to debated, and studies point to both overuse and underuse of this operation in the management of the disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2001, 17:463-467 (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Lee, SP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Gastroenterol, S-111-Gastro,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 17 IS 5 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1097/00001574-200109000-00011 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 466UG UT WOS:000170664100011 PM 17031202 ER PT J AU James, JA Harley, JB Scofield, RH AF James, JA Harley, JB Scofield, RH TI Role of viruses in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren syndrome SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; PARVOVIRUS B19 INFECTION; I-ASSOCIATED MYELOPATHY; EXTRAHEPATIC MANIFESTATIONS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; HUMAN RETROVIRUS-5; SALIVARY-GLANDS; SICCA-SYNDROME; RISK-FACTORS AB Systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren syndrome remain elusive in the description of their underlying etiologic causes and pathogenic mechanisms. Although underlying genetic predisposition appears to contribute to both diseases based on twin and other genetic studies, additional factors must play a role. Over the decades additional factors, such as hormonal influence, UV light, environmental exposures (eg, silica, solvents), and infectious agents have been postulated to play a role. Over the past few years additional information has been published concerning roles of various infectious agents in both lupus and Sjogren syndrome. Although the understanding of this field is still incomplete, significant advances are being made.(C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR01981, AR45084, AR45451] NR 81 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 13 IS 5 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1097/00002281-200109000-00005 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 477AY UT WOS:000171262000005 PM 11604590 ER PT J AU Lark, RL Saint, S Chenoweth, C Zemencuk, JK Lipsky, BA Plorde, JJ AF Lark, RL Saint, S Chenoweth, C Zemencuk, JK Lipsky, BA Plorde, JJ TI Four-year prospective evaluation of community-acquired bacteremia: Epidemiology, microbiology, and patient outcome SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE BLOOD CULTURES; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; URINARY-TRACT INFECTION; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; STREAM INFECTION; 500 EPISODES; FUNGEMIA; ADULTS; METAANALYSIS AB The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the epidemiology and microbiology of community-acquired bacteremia; (2) determine the crude mortality associated with such infections; and (3) identify independent predictors of mortality. All patients with clinically significant community-acquired bacteremia admitted to a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical center from January 1994 through December 1997 were evaluated. During the study period, 387 bacteremic episodes occurred in 334 patients. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly isolated organisms, the most frequent sources were the urinary tract and intravascular catheters. Approximately 14% of patients died. Patient characteristics independently associated with increased mortality included shock (OR 3.7, p = 0.02) and renal failure (OR 4.0, p = 0.003). The risk of death was also higher in those whose source was pneumonia (OR 6.3, p = 0.03) or an intra-abdominal site (OR 10.7, p = 0.02), or if multiple sources were identified (OR 13.4, p = 0.003). Community-acquired bacteremia is often device-related and may be preventable. Strategies that have been successful in preventing nosocomial device-related bacteremia should be adapted to the outpatient setting. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Control & Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Ann Arbor VA Hlth Serv Res & Dev Program, Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Gen Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Chenoweth, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 18 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 41 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(01)00284-X PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 488LY UT WOS:000171937700002 PM 11687309 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Lake, R Elashoff, JD AF Meyer, JH Lake, R Elashoff, JD TI Postcibal gastric emptying of pancreatin pellets - Effects of dose and meal oil SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE pancreatic insufficiency; steatorrhea; treatment ID CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; COATED MICROSPHERES; ENZYME SUPPLEMENTS; TREATED PATIENTS; SOLID-LIQUID; CANINE MODEL; INSUFFICIENCY; FAT; COLONOPATHY; ABSORPTION AB To treat pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, physicians often prescribe enterically coated pellets of pancreatin to be taken with meals. The pellets are only partially effective in correcting the digestion and absorption of fat. We sought to determine in normal subjects whether emptying of pellets from the postcibal stomach was dose-related and whether the gastric emptying of lipophilic Creon-20 or Pancrease was altered by the presence or the absence of oil in a meal. Gastric emptying of pellets surface-labeled with In-113m or Tc-99m was followed with a gamma camera for 300 min after isocaloric meals. From our observations, we concluded that gastric emptying of 0.28-1.12 g of 1-mm or 2-mm pellets was dose-related (P < 0.01) and emptying of neither Creon-20 nor Pancrease was much affected by oil in the meal. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Biostat Core Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Rm 105,Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 46 IS 9 BP 1846 EP 1852 DI 10.1023/A:1010666510755 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 474PN UT WOS:000171116200005 PM 11575435 ER PT J AU Huerta, S Srivatsan, ES Venkatasan, N Livingston, EH AF Huerta, S Srivatsan, ES Venkatasan, N Livingston, EH TI Human colon cancer cells deficient in DCC produce abnormal transcripts in progression of carcinogenesis SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE DCC; colon cancer; SW620; SW480 ID ADHESION MOLECULE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; TUMOR PROGRESSION; GENE; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; METASTASES; CARCINOMA; PROGNOSIS AB Expressive loss of the tumor suppressor deleted in colon cancer (DCC) may be superior to lymph node status in predicting patient survival for intermediate stage colon cancer. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for detecting DCC would be ideal as a prognostic indicator. DCC is an alternatively spliced molecule; thus, reliability of a PCR test for DCC will depend on amplifying only those regions of the molecule that are lost in the progression of colon cancer. For this reason, we studied a colon cancer cell line model at different stages of tumor progression to determine the alternative splice pattern for DCC. A commercially available colon cancer cell line system at different stages of tumor progression was used to identify which DCC exons are lost by western blot analysis, PCR, and RT-PCR techniques. Colon cancers express abnormal DCC transcripts. The proximal and distal exons are present (exons 2 and 28-29). Exons located in the center of the molecule are absent (6-7 and 18-23). This correlated to DCC protein loss in the cell lines. For clinical utility as a disease marker, exons in the middle portion of the DCC molecule that are spliced out should be utilized. Amplification of the proximal and distal regions will result in falsely concluding that DCC is present when its protein product is not expressed. C1 W Los Angeles UCLA Sch Med, VAGLAHS, Div Gen Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 46 IS 9 BP 1884 EP 1891 DI 10.1023/A:1010626929411 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 474PN UT WOS:000171116200010 PM 11575440 ER PT J AU Chen, HC AF Chen, HC TI Intravenous calcium replacement for asymptomatic hypocalcemia of critical illness SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID ADMINISTRATION INCREASES; MORTALITY; SHOCK; RATS AB Background: No studies have been performed to determine if intravenous calcium replacement in critically ill patients with mild, asymptomatic hypocalcemia improves clinical outcome. Methods: Case-control study of patients in the medical surgical intensive care unit of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Two groups of patients were studied; one group consisting of all 15 patients who received intravenous calcium infusions in May 1999, and a control group consisting of an equal number of patients matched for severity of illness, as determined by Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II). Length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality were calculated for each group. Results: The two groups did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics or severity of illness. The two groups also did not differ in mean serum calcium concentrations or degree of hypocalcemia during their hospital course. The calcium replacement group, however, had a longer hospital stay (20.7 vs. 12.4 days, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Intravenous calcium. replacement in mild, asymptomatic hypocalcemia of critical illness does not seem to benefit patients and may be associated with longer hospital stays. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, J David Gladstone Inst, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Chen, HC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, J David Gladstone Inst, POB 419100, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 11 IS 5 BP 364 EP 367 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 485CL UT WOS:000171735900005 ER PT J AU Anawalt, BD Merriam, GR AF Anawalt, BD Merriam, GR TI Neuroendocrine aging in men - Andropause and somatopause SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; HEALTHY OLDER MEN; ELDERLY MEN; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; BODY-COMPOSITION; TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT AB Testosterone and growth hormone (GH) rise markedly at puberty and contribute to maturational changes in body composition and muscle strength. Both tropic hormones plateau in adult life, and then, because of a combination of central and testicular changes, decline progressively with aging, accompanied by loss of muscle and strength and an increase in body fat that resembles partial hypogonadism or GH deficiency. These parallels have led to speculation and then to clinical studies to test whether supplementing testosterone, GH, or the two together could reverse these age-related changes, boost strength and physical function, and prolong the capacity for independent living. Studies conducted so far encourage this possibility, especially for androgens in men with very low testosterone levels, but published reports are too limited to recommend the general clinical use of androgens, GH, or GH secretagogues in most healthy older men. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res A-151, Lakewood, WA 98493 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG10943]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH53575] NR 96 TC 46 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0889-8529 EI 1558-4410 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 30 IS 3 BP 647 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(05)70206-1 PG 24 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 472YW UT WOS:000171013400008 PM 11571935 ER PT J AU Szot, P White, SS McCarthy, EB Turella, A Rejniak, SX Schwartzkroin, PA AF Szot, P White, SS McCarthy, EB Turella, A Rejniak, SX Schwartzkroin, PA TI Behavioral and metabolic features of repetitive seizures in immature and mature rats SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE repetitive seizure; immature brain; flurothyl; c-fos; 2-deoxyglucose; hippocampus; ventromedial hypothalamus; pediatric epilepsy ID KAINIC ACID SEIZURES; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; RECURRENT SEIZURES; NEONATAL SEIZURES; ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPILEPSY; CHILDREN; PENTYLENETETRAZOL AB Seizure incidence varies significantly with age, with seizure susceptibility particularly high during the first few years of life. Of significant concern is what effects do brief, repetitive seizures have on the developing brain. We approached this issue by examining the change in seizure threshold, and related markers of neuronal activity and metabolic activity (c-fos mRNA and 2-deoxyglucose [2DG]), as a function of repetitive seizure episodes in immature and mature rats. Starting on postnatal day 15 (P15) (immature) or P60 (adult) rats were given two flurothyl seizures a day for 5 days (nine or ten seizures). The seizure latency profile. our measure of threshold, in immature versus adult rats across the 5-day testing period was different. In immature rats. threshold for the second seizure on each day was significantly lower than for the first seizure, suggesting that there was little refractoriness after the first seizure of the day. In contrast, the mature animal had a significantly longer threshold latency to the second seizure for the first 3 days of testing. The immature animal was also more likely than the adult to exhibit tonic extension as a feature of the first seizure of the day. Following repetitive seizures. more regions of the CNS showed c-fos mRNA expression in the immature animal than adults, suggesting that repetitive seizures in the immature animal activated a greater percentage of the brain. Compared with the effects of a single seizure, repetitive seizures resulted in less 2DG labeling in most regions of the brain (except the hippocampus); in the immature brain this difference was more distinct than in adults. The consequences of repetitive seizures in the immature animal results in distinctly different seizure behavior and neuronal activity pattern (c-fos expression) than that observed in the mature animal. (C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Physiol Biophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Szot, P (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, 182B,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-18895] NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 46 IS 3 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(01)00285-6 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 470QN UT WOS:000170882800001 PM 11518622 ER PT J AU Alcantara, O Kalidas, M Baltathakis, I Boldt, DH AF Alcantara, O Kalidas, M Baltathakis, I Boldt, DH TI Expression of multiple genes regulating cell cycle and apoptosis in differentiating hematopoietic cells is dependent on iron SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; T-CELLS; KINASE; PROGRESSION; TRANSFERRIN; LYMPHOCYTES; METABOLISM; INDUCTION; ACID; P53 AB Objective. Iron plays critical roles in many biological processes including hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation. Iron is essential for the differentiation of HL-60 promonocytes. HL-60 cells stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) undergo G1/S phase cell-cycle arrest and differentiate to monocyte/macrophages. With iron deprivation, PMA-induced HL-60 cells bypass differentiation and undergo apoptosis. To investigate the molecular basis underlying this observation, we used commercially available gene microarrays to evaluate expression of multiple genes involved in the regulation of cell cycling and apoptosis. Methods. We treated HL-60 cells with PMA +/- desferrioxamine (DF), a potent iron chelator, to produce iron deprivation. Cells were cultured for 48 hours, and cDNA was prepared and radiolabeled with alpha-P-32 dCTP, then hybridized to gene arrays containing specific cDNA fragments. Results. Expression of 11 of 43 genes was inhibited greater than 50% by iron deprivation. These genes were Rb; p2l (WAF1/CIP1); bad; cdk2; cyclins A, D3, El; c-myc; egr-1; iNOS; and FasL. For each gene the microarray results were confirmed by RT-PCR and/or Northern or Western blotting. Nuclear transcription assays indicated that the role of iron in Rb expression was to support gene transcription. Addition of ferrioxamine (iron saturated DF) instead of DF to PMA-induced cells did not affect gene expression, indicating that diminished expression was due to iron deprivation, not nonspecific toxicity. Conclusion. Iron supports expression of multiple cell cycle-regulatory and apoptosis-related genes during HL-60 cell differentiation, and, in this way, is involved in regulation of a critical cell decision point-the decision to pursue a differentiation-related or apoptotic pathway. (C) 2001 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Boldt, DH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mail Code 7880,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK5042] NR 27 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1060 EP 1069 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00683-X PG 10 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 468WY UT WOS:000170782200004 PM 11532346 ER PT J AU Melby, PC Tabares, A Restrepo, BI Cardona, AE McGuff, HS Teale, JM AF Melby, PC Tabares, A Restrepo, BI Cardona, AE McGuff, HS Teale, JM TI Leishmania donovani: Evolution and architecture of the splenic cellular immune response related to control of infection SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protozoa; Leishmania donovani; T cells; cytokines ID EXPERIMENTAL VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA-1; DENDRITIC CELLS; IFN-GAMMA; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; MURINE LEISHMANIASIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; LANGERHANS CELLS; PRODUCE IL-12; TH1 CELLS AB Infection with the protozoan Leishmania donovani in humans is usually subclinical. Parasites probably persist for the life of the host and the low-level infection is controlled by the cellular immune response. To better understand the mechanisms related to the control of infection, we studied the evolution and architecture of the splenic cellular immune response in a murine model that is most representative of human subclinical infection. Following systemic inoculation with L. donovani, the parasites were primarily localized to the macrophage-rich splenic red pulp. There was art initial increase in the numbers of T cells and dendritic cells in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath and marginal zone, but the red pulp (where parasitized macrophages were prominent) remained free of these cells until later in the course of infection. Thus, T cells did not colocalize with parasitized red pulp macrophages until later in the course of infection. Early in the course of infection, IL-10 production within the marginal zone and TGF-beta production by cells in the red pulp were prominent. These macrophage-inhibitory cytokines may contribute to the establishment of the infection and early parasite replication. By day 28 of infection, when the visceral parasite burden began to decline, the number of IL-10-producing spleen cells was back to the baseline level, but IFN-gamma production was higher and the number of IL-12-producing cells was increased dramatically. At this time T cells and dendritic cells had moved out of the lymphoid follicle and marginal zone into the red pulp where the parasites were located. These findings therefore suggest that control of infection is associated with IFN-gamma and IL-12 production and migration of T cells and dendritic cells to the site of chronic parasitism. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Melby, PC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Cardona, Astrid/K-4749-2013 OI Cardona, Astrid/0000-0002-5093-8078 NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 99 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1006/expr.2001.4640 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 497JW UT WOS:000172452600003 PM 11708830 ER PT J AU Gorin, Y Kim, NH Feliers, D Bhandari, B Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE AF Gorin, Y Kim, NH Feliers, D Bhandari, B Choudhury, GG Abboud, HE TI Angiotensin II activates Akt/protein kinase B by an arachidonic acid/redox-dependent pathway and independent of phosphoinositide 3-kinase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE kidney; mesangium; hypertrophy; Akt/PKB; Ang II ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL CELLS; NF-KAPPA-B; CYTOSOLIC PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2); GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE KINASE-3; TUBULAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE; NADPH OXIDASE; GROWTH-FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS AB Angiotensin II (Ang II) exerts contractile and trophic effects in glomerular mesangial cells (MCs). One potential downstream target of Ang II is the protein kinase Akt/protein kinase B (PKB). We investigated the effect of Ang II on Akt/PKB activity in MCs. Ang II causes rapid activation of Akt/PKB (5-10 min) but delayed activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) (30 min). Activation of Akt/PKB by Ang II was not abrogated by the PI3-K inhibitors or by the introduction of a dominant negative PI3-K, indicating that in MCs, PI3-K is not an upstream mediator of Akt/PKB activation by Ang II. Incubation of MCs with phospholipase A(2) Inhibitors also blocked Akt/PKB activation by Ang II. AA mimicked the effect of Ang II. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-, lipoxyogenase-, and cytochrome P450-dependent metabolism did not influence AA-induced Akt/PKB activation. However, the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and diphenylene iodonium inhibited both AA- and Ang II-induced Akt/PKB activation. Dominant negative mutant of Akt/PKB or antioxidants, but not the dominant negative form of PI3-K, inhibited Ang II-induced protein synthesis and cell hypertrophy. These data provide the first evidence that Ang II induces protein synthesis and hypertrophy in MCs through AA/redox-dependent pathway and Akt/PKB activation independent of PI3-K. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol MC 7882, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Hosp Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Abboud, HE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol MC 7882, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM abboud@uthscsa.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 50190, DK 43988] NR 51 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1909 EP 1920 DI 10.1096/fj..01-0165com PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 478XE UT WOS:000171372700006 PM 11532971 ER PT J AU Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, VL AF Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, VL TI Tissue oxygenation and skin blood flow in the diabetic foot: Responses to cutaneous warming SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB We previously reported an unexpected statistically significant decline in the mean transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (TcPO2) with cutaneous warming from 37 degreesC to 44 degreesC on the plantar diabetic foot, as opposed to the expected increase seen at the dorsal sites. To elucidate this relationship we compared changes with cutaneous warming in TcPO2 and skin circulation measured by laser Doppler flowmetry on the right plantar foot surface of 20 consecutive subjects. Neuropathy by monofilament testing was present in 55% of the cases. Right dorsal foot TcPO2 increased with cutaneous warming from 37 degreesC to 44 degrees by a mean change of +43.6 +/- 20.7 mmHg (+/- standard deviation) in 95% of the cases. In 42% of cases right plantar first metatarsal head TcPO2 fell with warming from 37 degreesC to 44 degreesC by a mean change of -10.7 +/- 7.6 mmHg. In the remaining 58% of cases right plantar first metatarsal head TcPO2 rose by 6.8 +/- 6.3 mmHg. In 95% of cases right plantar great toe laser Doppler perfusion units (LDPU) increased with warming from 36 degreesC to 44 degreesC by a mean change of +50.4 +/- 37.1. Blood flow measured by laser Doppler flowmetry increased in 95% of the subjects with heating. The finding that blood flow was increased with warming contradicts the hypothesis that arterioles in the plantar great toe cannot vasodilate in response to thermal stimuli. This finding supports the hypothesis that the decline in TcPO2 with warming might be due to an increase in epidermal oxygen consumption that exceeds the increase in oxygen delivery due to increased blood flow. The pathological mechanisms behind microvascular dysfunction in skin microcirculation in the diabetic foot need further investigation. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, ERIC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Clin Fac, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Boyko, EJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, ERIC, S-111-GIMC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 22 IS 9 BP 711 EP 714 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 474EW UT WOS:000171094200004 PM 11587386 ER PT J AU Akerkar, GA Yee, J Hung, R McQuaid, K AF Akerkar, GA Yee, J Hung, R McQuaid, K TI Patient experience and preferences toward colon cancer screening: a comparison of virtual colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Digestive Disease Week/101st Annual Meeting of the American-Gastroenterological-Association CY MAY 21-24, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Gastroenterol Assoc ID COLORECTAL-CANCER AB Background. Virtual colonoscopy has excellent sensitivity for the detection of cancer and polyps greater than 1 cm in diameter. For virtual colonoscopy to succeed as a screening test for colorectal neoplasia, it must be well tolerated and accepted by patients. Patients' experiences with virtual colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy were assessed and compared. Methods: Patients referred to the GI clinic for colonoscopy for any indication were recruited to undergo virtual colonoscopy before conventional colonoscopy. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire twice: after virtual colonoscopy and after completing both tests. Three variables, overall pain, discomfort, and lack of respect, were assessed by using a 7-point Liken scale with higher scores denoting a worse experience. Patients' preferences for virtual colonoscopy versus conventional colonoscopy were determined with a time tradeoff technique. To verify response stability, patients were asked to return an additional questionnaire by mail at 24 hours. Results: Two hundred ninety-five patients completed the questionnaire immediately after the procedures, and 83 patients completed the questionnaire at 24 hours. At both 0 and 24 hours, patients reported more pain, discomfort, and less respect after virtual colonoscopy than conventional colonoscopy (p < 0.01). The overall agreement (Kappa statistic) between times 0 and 24 hours was fair. Patients reported that they preferred conventional colonoscopy and would wait longer for conventional colonoscopy (mean = 4.9 weeks) than undergo a virtual colonoscopy (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Patients tolerate both virtual colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy, although they report more pain, discomfort, and less respect undergoing virtual colonoscopy. Efforts to improve patient experience during virtual colonoscopy need to be investigated. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Radiol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Akerkar, GA (reprint author), 3 Alumni Dr, Exeter, NH 03833 USA. NR 12 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 54 IS 3 BP 310 EP 315 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.117595 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 468XZ UT WOS:000170784600006 PM 11522970 ER PT J AU Rost, KM Duan, NH Rubenstein, LV Ford, DE Sherbourne, CD Meredith, LS Wells, KB AF Rost, KM Duan, NH Rubenstein, LV Ford, DE Sherbourne, CD Meredith, LS Wells, KB CA Quality Improvement Depression Con TI The Quality Improvement for Depression Collaboration: general analytic strategies for a coordinated study of quality improvement in depression care SO GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE depression; quality improvement; primary care; meta-analysis ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; INTERVENTION; GUIDELINES; PHYSICIANS; EDUCATION; SYMPTOMS AB It is difficult to evaluate the promise of primary care quality-improvement interventions for depression because published studies have evaluated diverse interventions by using different research designs in dissimilar populations. Preplanned meta-analysis provides an alternative to derive more precise and generalizable estimates of intervention effects; however, this approach requires the resolution of analytic challenges resulting from design differences that threaten internal and external validity. This paper describes the four-project Quality Improvement for Depression (QID) collaboration specifically designed for preplanned meta-analysis of intervention effects on outcomes. This paper summarizes the interventions the four projects tested, characterizes commonalities and heterogeneity in the research designs used to evaluate these interventions, and discusses the implications of this heterogeneity for preplanned meta-analysis. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RAND Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gen Internal Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Rost, KM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, 1800 Clermont St,Campus Box B155, Denver, CO 80220 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS08349]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH50732, MH54443, MH54444, MH54623, MH63651] NR 53 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0163-8343 J9 GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT JI Gen. Hosp. Psych. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 23 IS 5 BP 239 EP 253 DI 10.1016/S0163-8343(01)00157-8 PG 15 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 483CL UT WOS:000171616100001 PM 11600165 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Graham, DY Mele, R Marras, L Nieddu, S Pisanu, G Manca, A Realdi, G AF Dore, MP Graham, DY Mele, R Marras, L Nieddu, S Pisanu, G Manca, A Realdi, G TI Twice day quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection as primary or salvage therapy in a population with a high antibiotic-resistance background SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Sassari, Inst Internal Med, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Univ Sassari, Inst Histopathol, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 1544 BP A93 EP A94 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500331 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Sepulveda, AR Cherchi, G Marras, L Bacciu, PP Piccolo, D Manca, M Graham, DY Realdi, G AF Dore, MP Sepulveda, AR Cherchi, G Marras, L Bacciu, PP Piccolo, D Manca, M Graham, DY Realdi, G TI Helicobacter pylori DNA is not detected in atherosclerotic plaques of dyspeptic patients SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Sassari, Inst Internal Med, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Osped SS Annunziata, Lab Pluridisciplinare, Sassari, Italy. Univ Sassari, Dept Vasc Surg, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 1301 BP A71 EP A71 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500247 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Sanna, G Cherchi, GP Negrini, R Marras, S Marras, L Simula, L Graham, DY Realdi, G AF Dore, MP Sanna, G Cherchi, GP Negrini, R Marras, S Marras, L Simula, L Graham, DY Realdi, G TI Helicobacter pylori in sheep and sheep-dogs SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Sassari, Inst Internal Med, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Zooprophylact Inst, Brescia, Italy. Osped SS Annunziata, Lab Pluridisciplinare, Sassari, Italy. Spedali Civil Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 618 BP A35 EP A35 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500123 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Katsuyama, T Ota, H Watanabe, H Hattori, T Graham, DY AF El-Zimaity, HMT Katsuyama, T Ota, H Watanabe, H Hattori, T Graham, DY TI Gastric histology in patients with carcinoma at the gastro-esophageal junction SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Shinshu Univ Hosp, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. Niigata Univ, Niigata, Japan. Shiga Univ, Shiga, Japan. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 1119 BP A65 EP A65 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500233 ER PT J AU Graham, DY Opekun, AR El-Zimaity, HMT Qureshi, W Peterson, LH AF Graham, DY Opekun, AR El-Zimaity, HMT Qureshi, W Peterson, LH TI Interactions between Helicobacter pylori and NSAIDs with regard to the healing rates of acute gastric ulcers SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 1106 BP A62 EP A62 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500220 ER PT J AU Malaty, H Sedlackova, M Graham, DY Marx, D Reddy, S Volf, V AF Malaty, H Sedlackova, M Graham, DY Marx, D Reddy, S Volf, V TI Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in the Czech republic SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Charles Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 SU 2 MA 1423 BP A80 EP A80 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 476NB UT WOS:000171232500284 ER PT J AU Shimada, SD Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Koontz, AM Corfman, TA AF Shimada, SD Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Koontz, AM Corfman, TA TI Comparison of three different models to represent the wrist during wheelchair propulsion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; modeling; wheelchair; wrist ID CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; KINEMATICS; MOTION; BIOMECHANICS; INDUSTRY; ANGLES AB Due to the high incidence of secondary wrist injury among manual wheelchair users, recent emphasis has been placed on the investigation of wheelchair propulsion biomechanics. Accurate representation of wrist activity during wheelchair propulsion may help to elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the development of wrist injuries. Unfortunately, no consensual wrist biomechanical model has been established. In order to determine if different methodologies obtain similar results, this investigation created and compared three different wrist models: 1) a fixed joint center placed between the styloids (midstyloid joint center); 2) a joint center with 2 degrees of freedom computed from de Leva's joint center data; and 3) a floating joint center. Results indicate that wrist flexion and extension angles are highly consistent between models, however, radial and ulnar deviation angles vary considerably. Mean maximum right flexion angles were found to be 3.5 degrees, 2.2 degrees, and 5.0 degrees for the midstyloid, de Leva, and floating joint center models, respectively. Extension angles were 22.3 degrees, 23.6 degrees, and 23.6 degrees, respectively. Mean maximum right radial deviation angles for the midstyloid, de Leva, and floating joint center models were 26.0 degrees, 26.9 degrees, and 45.1 degrees, respectively, and ulnar deviation angles were found to be 30.5 degrees, 38.8 degrees, and 10.2 degrees, respectively. This information is useful when comparing kinematic studies and further supports the need for consensual methodology. C1 Biomech Consulting, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Shimada, SD (reprint author), Biomech Consulting, Davis, CA 95616 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD33989-01] NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1534-4320 J9 IEEE T NEUR SYS REH JI IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 9 IS 3 BP 274 EP 282 DI 10.1109/7333.948455 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Rehabilitation SC Engineering; Rehabilitation GA 472CK UT WOS:000170965500004 PM 11561663 ER PT J AU Johnson, JR O'Bryan, TT Kuskowski, M Maslow, JN AF Johnson, JR O'Bryan, TT Kuskowski, M Maslow, JN TI Ongoing horizontal and vertical transmission of virulence genes and papA alleles among Escherichia coli blood isolates from patients with diverse-source bacteremia SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS ENZYME ELECTROPHORESIS; URINARY-TRACT INFECTIONS; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; NEONATAL MENINGITIS; CLONAL RELATIONSHIPS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; ACUTE CYSTITIS; CLASS-I; STRAINS; SEQUENCES AB The phylogenetic distributions of multiple putative virulence factors (VFs) and papA (P fimbrial structural subunit) alleles among 182 Escherichia coli blood isolates from patients with diverse-source bacteremia were defined. Phylogenetic correspondence among these strains, the E. coli Reference (ECOR) collection, and other collections of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) was assessed. Although among the 182 bacteremia isolates phylogenetic group B2 predominated, exhibited the greatest concentration of individual VFs, and contained the largest number of familiar virulent clones, other phylogenetic groups exhibited greater concentrations of certain VFs than did group B2 and included several additional virulent clones. Certain of the newly detected VF genes, e.g., fyuA (yersiniabactin; 76%) and focG (F1C fimbriae; 25%), were as prevalent or more prevalent than their more familiar traditional counterparts, e.g., iut (aerobactin; 57%) and sfaS (S fimbriae; 14%), thus possibly offering additional useful targets for preventive interventions. Considerable diversity of VF profiles was observed at every level within the phylogenetic tree, including even within individual lineages. This suggested that many different pathways can lead to extraintestinal virulence in E. coli and that the evolution of ExPEC, which involves extensive horizontal transmission of VFs and continuous remodeling of pathogenicity-associated islands, is a highly active, ongoing process. C1 Minneapolis VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. Minneapolis VA Med Ctr, Geriatr REs Educ & Clin Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychiat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Johnson, JR (reprint author), Minneapolis VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, 111F,1 Veterans Dr, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47504] NR 80 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 69 IS 9 BP 5363 EP 5374 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5363-5374.2001 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 464PB UT WOS:000170540000019 PM 11500406 ER PT J AU Matute-Bello, G Frevert, CW Liles, WC Nakamura, M Ruzinski, JT Ballman, K Wong, WA Vathanaprida, C Martin, TR AF Matute-Bello, G Frevert, CW Liles, WC Nakamura, M Ruzinski, JT Ballman, K Wong, WA Vathanaprida, C Martin, TR TI Fas/Fas ligand system mediates epithelial injury, but not pulmonary host defenses, in response to inhaled bacteria SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; FAS LIGAND; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; APOPTOSIS; CELLS; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; MICE; ACTIVATION; MECHANISMS AB The Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system has been implicated in alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis during pulmonary fibrosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, Fas ligation can also lead to cell activation and cytokine production. The goal of this study was to determine the role of the Fas/FasL system in host defenses against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. We administered bacteria by aerosolization into the lungs of Fas-deficient (lpr) mice and wild-type (C57BL/6) mice and measured bacterial clearance at 6 and 12 h. One hour prior to euthanasia, the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of human serum albumin (HSA) for alveolar permeability determinations. At all times after bacterial challenges, the lungs of the lpr mice contained similar or lower numbers of bacteria than those of the C57BL/6 mice. Alveolar permeability changes, as determined by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid HSA concentrations, were less severe in the lpr mice 6 h after the challenges. In response to E. coli, the lpr mice had significantly more polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 in the lungs, whereas histopathologic changes were less severe. In contrast, in response to the gram-positive cocci, the lpr animals had similar or lower numbers of PMN. We conclude that the Fas/FasL system contributes to the development of permeability changes and tissue injury during-gram negative bacterial pneumonia. The Fas/FasL system did not have a major role in the clearance of aerosolized bacteria from the lungs at the bacterial doses tested. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Martin, TR (reprint author), Pulm Res Lab, 151L,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL062995, HL30542, HL 62995] NR 30 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 69 IS 9 BP 5768 EP 5776 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5768-5776.2001 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 464PB UT WOS:000170540000067 PM 11500454 ER PT J AU Kahn, SE AF Kahn, SE TI Beta cell failure: causes and consequences SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Control of Postprandial Peaks and Hypoglycaemic Valleys of Diabetes CY MAR, 2001 CL TELFES, AUSTRIA SP Eli Lilly & Co ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; SECRETION; SENSITIVITY; RELEASE AB In recent years a great deal of discussion has focused on the relative roles of insulin resistance and beta -cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. When considering their relative importance it is critical that the two variables are considered in concert. Alterations in insulin secretion are present in patients with type 2 diabetes and can be demonstrated in high risk individuals well before diagnosis. Loss of the early phase of insulin secretion can be demonstrated following oral or intravenous glucose administration. The relationship of early insulin secretion to insulin sensitivity in normal individuals is represented by a hyperbolic curve in keeping with the existence of a feedback loop. Deviations from standardised curves demonstrate defects in both insulin secretion and sensitivity in individuals who are at risk of developing diabetes. The reduction in the early phase insulin response results in impaired suppression of hepatic glucose production. Glucose output by the liver is not inversely proportionate to glucose influx, resulting in postprandial hyperglycaemia. Therapeutic approaches must address defects in both the early insulin response and insulin sensitivity. New oral agents that stimulate early insulin secretion and rapid-acting insulin analogues are targeting this early insulin secretion defect. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kahn, SE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. OI Kahn, Steven/0000-0001-7307-9002 NR 22 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICOM INTERNATIONAL PI SURREY PA CHURSTON HOUSE, PORTSMOUTH RD, ESHER, SURREY KT10 9AD, ENGLAND SN 1368-5031 J9 INT J CLIN PRACT JI Int. J. Clin. Pract. PD SEP PY 2001 SU 123 BP 13 EP 18 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC General & Internal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 478VA UT WOS:000171365000004 PM 11594291 ER PT J AU Wilkes, W Fink, J Dhand, R AF Wilkes, W Fink, J Dhand, R TI Selecting an accessory device with a metered-dose inhaler: Variable influence of accessory devices on fine particle dose, throat deposition, and drug delivery with asynchronous actuation from a metered-dose inhaler SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG LA English DT Article DE aerosol; albuterol; bronchodilator; cascade impactor; inhalation therapy ID AEROSOL DELIVERY; HOLDING CHAMBER; SPACER DEVICES; ASTHMA; SIZE AB Accessory devices reduce common problems with metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), namely high oropharyngeal deposition of aerosol and incoordination between actuation and inhalation by the patient. The objective of this study was to systematically compare the performance of various accessory devices in vitro. MDIs were tested alone or in combination with four spacers (Toilet paper roll, Ellipse, Optihaler, Myst Assist) and five holding chambers (Aerochamber, Optichamber, Aerosol Cloud Enhancer, Medispacer, and Inspirease). An Anderson cascade impactor was used to measure aerosol mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and fine particle dose (MMAD < 4.7 mum). In separate experiments, the influence of asynchronous MDI actuation on drug delivery was determined with a simulated spontaneous breathing model. Compared with the MDI alone, all of the accessory devices reduced aerosol MMAD and increased lung-throat ratio (fine particle dose/throat impaction; p < 0.05 for both parameters). The fine particle dose of albuterol was 40% higher with the Ellipse (p < 0.01), was equivalent with the Toilet Paper Roll, Aerochamber, Optichamber, and Medispacer, and was 33-56% lower with the Optihaler, Myst Assist, Aerosol Cloud Enhancer, and Inspirease (p < 0.03). MDI actuation in synchrony with inspiration produced highest drug delivery; when MDI actuation occurred I-sec before inspiration or during exhalation, decrease in drug delivery with holding chambers (10-40% reduction) was less than that with spacers (40-90% reduction). Accessory device selection is complicated by variability in performance between devices, and in the performance of each device in different clinical settings. In vitro characterization of a MDI and accessory device could guide appropriate device selection in various clinical settings. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Dhand, R (reprint author), Hines VA Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 111N,5th & Roosevelt Rd, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0894-2684 J9 J AEROSOL MED JI J. Aerosol Med.-Depos. Clear. Eff. Lung PD FAL PY 2001 VL 14 IS 3 BP 351 EP 360 DI 10.1089/089426801316970312 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA 469MC UT WOS:000170818600009 PM 11693847 ER PT J AU Abboud, SL Woodruff, K Ghosh-Choudhury, N AF Abboud, SL Woodruff, K Ghosh-Choudhury, N TI Role of CSF-1 in breast cancer cell-mediated osteolytic lesions. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S453 EP S453 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709001324 ER PT J AU Gouveia, CHA Schultz, J Brent, GA AF Gouveia, CHA Schultz, J Brent, GA TI Thyroid hormone mediates the activation of vitamin D through the induction of 1-alpha hydroxylase in osteoblast-like cells. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Hystol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S555 EP S555 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709001776 ER PT J AU Huang, W Carlsen, B Rudkin, G Shah, N Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Huang, W Carlsen, B Rudkin, G Shah, N Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Characterization of senescence-related genes in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells identified by microarray analysis. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S366 EP S366 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709000948 ER PT J AU Vallarta-Ast, NL Krueger, DC Binkley, NC AF Vallarta-Ast, NL Krueger, DC Binkley, NC TI Densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in men: Effect of measurement site and normative database. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 SU 1 BP S283 EP S283 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 467MU UT WOS:000170709000597 ER PT J AU Flannery, B Costa, D Carvalho, FP Guerreiro, H Matsunaga, J Da Silva, ED Ferreira, AGP Riley, LW Reis, MG Haake, DA Ko, AI AF Flannery, B Costa, D Carvalho, FP Guerreiro, H Matsunaga, J Da Silva, ED Ferreira, AGP Riley, LW Reis, MG Haake, DA Ko, AI TI Evaluation of recombinant Leptospira antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER EVALUATION; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; HUMAN IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; DIPSTICK ASSAY; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS AB There is an urgent need for development of new serodiagnostic strategies for leptospirosis, an emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution. We have evaluated the diagnostic utility of five recombinant antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. Sera from 50 healthy residents of a high-incidence region were used to determine cutoff values for 96% specificity. In paired sera from 50 cases of leptospirosis confirmed by the microscopic agglutination test, immunoglobulin G (IgG) but not IgM reacted with the recombinant leptospiral proteins. The recombinant LipL32 IgG ELISA had the highest sensitivities in the acute (56%) and convalescent (94%) phases of leptospirosis. ELISAs based on recombinant OmpL1, LipL41, and Hsp58 had sensitivities of 16, 24, and 18% during the acute phase and 72, 44, and 32% during convalescence, respectively. Compared to sera from healthy individuals, patient sera did not react significantly with recombinant LipL36 (P > 0.05). Recombinant LipL32 IgG ELISA demonstrated 95% specificity among 100 healthy individuals, and specificities ranging from 90 to 97% among 30 dengue patients, 30 hepatitis patients, and 16 patients with diseases initially thought to be leptospirosis. Among 39 Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test-positive individuals and 30 Lyme disease patients, 13 and 23% of sera, respectively, reacted positively with the rLipL32 antigen. These findings indicate that rLipL32 may be an useful antigen for the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. C1 Minist Hlth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, BR-40295001 Salvador, BA, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Pharm, Salvador, BA, Brazil. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Brazilian Minist HLth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Div Int Med & Infect Dis, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Ko, AI (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, Rua Waldemar Falcao 121, BR-40295001 Salvador, BA, Brazil. RI Ko, Albert/P-2343-2015 OI Ko, Albert/0000-0001-9023-2339 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW000905, D43 TW000919, TW-00905, TW-00919]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI034431, AI-01605, AI-34431, R21 AI034431, R21 AI034431-06, R29 AI034431] NR 51 TC 109 Z9 123 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 39 IS 9 BP 3303 EP 3310 DI 10.1128/JCM.39.9.3303-3310.2001 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 469VV UT WOS:000170837500045 PM 11526167 ER PT J AU Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, VL AF Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, VL TI Skin temperature in the neuropathic diabetic foot SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE diabetic foot; peripheral neuropathy; skin temperature; autonomic neuropathy ID BLOOD-FLOW; MELLITUS; RISK AB Several authors have reported higher skin temperature in the feet of diabetic subjects with autonomic neuropathy. We reexamined this association in a cross-sectional study of 712 veterans with diabetes mellitus. Potential subjects included all diabetic patients enrolled in a general internal medicine clinic at a veterans affairs healthcare system. Sensory neuropathy was defined as any pedal insensitivity to the 5.07 monofilament. Autonomic neuropathy was determined using standard cardiovascular reflex tests. An infrared surface scanner was used to measure foot skin temperature at multiple sites. Subjects with sensory neuropathy had lower mean plantar foot skill temperature than those without (28.4 degreesC vs. 28.9 degreesC, P=.0101). Autonomic neuropathy as a dichotomous variable was unrelated to foot skill temperature. Foot skill temperature, though, negatively correlated with greater drop in systolic blood pressure with standing, which is an indicator of autonomic neuropathy (r=-.08, P=.0385). Adjustment for potential confounding factors using multiple linear regression analysis resulted in diminution of the associations between foot skin temperature and sensory neuropathy or orthostatic blood pressure drop, but the latter association remained statistically significant in the right foot. Diabetic veterans with sensory or autonomic neuropathy do not have higher foot skin temperature. Our results suggest that skin temperature may be slightly lower with higher orthostatic blood pressure fall. Other causes exist for the frequently observed differences in skill temperature in the feet of diabetic subjects. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Clin Fac, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Boyko, EJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1056-8727 J9 J DIABETES COMPLICAT JI J. Diabetes Complications PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 260 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S1056-8727(01)00156-8 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 468VL UT WOS:000170778800007 PM 11522501 ER PT J AU Gouveia, CH Schultz, JJ Bianco, AC Brent, GA AF Gouveia, CH Schultz, JJ Bianco, AC Brent, GA TI Thyroid hormone stimulation of osteocalcin gene expression in ROS 17/2.8 cells is mediated by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; DEFICIENT MICE; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; RESPONSE ELEMENT; BONE-RESORPTION; DIFFERENTIATION; TRANSACTIVATION AB We investigated the mechanism of thyroid hormone regulation of osteocalcin (OC) gene expression in osteoblast-like cells (ROS 17/2.8). Treatment with triiodothyronine (T-3) (10(-8) M) increased OC mRNA levels by similar to3-fold after 24h and reached a maximum, similar to5.4-fold, after 48 h. The mRNA levels of other bone-specific genes, alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin, were not affected by T-3 treatment. Interestingly, T3 induction of OC mRNA varied according to cell density: similar to4-fold at similar to1 x 10(5) cells/dish and 1.5-fold at 40-60 x 10(5) cells/ dish. The magnitude of OC mRNA induction by T-3 was similar to 40% lower than induction by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1,25D(3)) alone, and the combination of T-3 + 1,25D(3) did not further stimulate OC mRNA levels. T-3 induction of OC mRNA was not affected by treatment with cycloheximide (10 mug/ml) for 5 li indicating that new protein synthesis is not required for the response. To study the half-life of OC mRNA, ROS 17/2.8 cells were incubated with actinomycin D. The basal half-life of OC mRNA (means +/- S.E.M.) was 6.4 +/- 0.2 h which was increased significantly with either T-3 or 1,25D(3) treatment to 10.9 +/- 0.6 h and 13.5 +/- 0.4 h respectively. T3 modestly up-regulated the rate of OC gene transcription (1.7 +/- 0.2fold) as determined by run-off assay. T3 did not induce a reporter construct containing the rat OC gene (rOC) 5'-flanking region (to -1750 bp) or the previously described rOC vitamn D response element, when transfected into ROS 17/2.8 cells. In conclusion, T3 up-regulates the OC mRNA expression in ROS 17/2.8 cells in a dose-, time- and cell confluence-dependent fashion, and does so by transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. The greater T3 induction of OC expression in ROS 17/2.8 cells at low cell density is consistent with findings of thyroid hormone action on bone development. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Thyroid, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Bldg 114,Room 230,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Bianco, Antonio/A-4965-2008 OI Bianco, Antonio/0000-0001-7737-6813 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43714] NR 50 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC ENDOCRINOLOGY PI BRISTOL PA 17/18 THE COURTYARD, WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4NQ, ENGLAND SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 170 IS 3 BP 667 EP 675 DI 10.1677/joe.0.1700667 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 472PB UT WOS:000170991700020 PM 11524248 ER PT J AU Kim, B Lyons, TM Parada, JP Uphold, DR Yarnold, PR Hounshell, JB Sipler, AM Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA Campo, RE Bennett, CL AF Kim, B Lyons, TM Parada, JP Uphold, DR Yarnold, PR Hounshell, JB Sipler, AM Goetz, MB DeHovitz, JA Weinstein, RA Campo, RE Bennett, CL TI HIV-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in older patients hospitalized in the early HAART era SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV; Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; age; quality of care; outcomes ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; AIDS; CARE; MORTALITY; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE: To determine whether older age continues to Influence patterns of care and in-hospital mortality for hospitalized persons with BW-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), as determined In our prior study from the 1980s. DESIGN. Retrospective chart review. PATIENTS/SETTING: Patients (1,861) with HIV-related PCP at 78 hospitals In 8 cities from 1995 to 1997. MEASUREMENTS: Medical record notation of possible HIV infection; alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient; CD4 lymphocyte count; presence or absence of wasting; timely use of anti-PCP medications; In-hospital mortality. MAIN RESULTS: Compared to younger patients, patients greater than or equal to 50 years of age were less likely to have HIV mentioned in their progress notes (70% vs 82%, P <.001), have mild or moderately severe PCP cases at admission (89% vs 96%, P <.002), receive anti-PCP medications within the first 2 days of hospitalization (86% vs 93%, P <.002), and survive hospitalization (82% vs 90%, P <.003). However, age was not a significant predictor of mortality after adjustment for severity of PCP and timeliness of therapy. CONCLUSIONS: While inpatient PCP mortality has Improved by 50% In the past decade, 2-fold age-related mortality differences persist. As in the 1980s, these differences are associated with lower rates of recognition of HIV, Increased severity of illness at admission, and delays in initiation of PCP-specific treatments among older individuals - factors suggestive of delayed recognition of HIV infection, pneumonia, and PCP, respectively. Continued vigilance for the possibility of HIV and HIV-related PCP among persons greater than or equal to 50 years of age who present with new pulmonary symptoms should be encouraged. C1 VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv Res & Policy, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Malcolm Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Cook Cty Hosp, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL USA. RP Bennett, CL (reprint author), VA Chicago Hlth Care Syst, Lakeside Div, 400 E Ontario St,Suite 205, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X FU NIDA NIH HHS [5R01DA10628-02] NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 IS 9 BP 583 EP 589 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009583.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 475TV UT WOS:000171184700002 PM 11556938 ER PT J AU Halm, EA Switzer, GE Mittman, BS Walsh, MB Chang, CCH Fine, MJ AF Halm, EA Switzer, GE Mittman, BS Walsh, MB Chang, CCH Fine, MJ TI What factors influence physicians' decisions to switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE antibiotic therapy; streamlining; pneumonia; physician attitudes ID IN-HOSPITAL OBSERVATION; ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; OUTCOMES; LENGTH; STAY; MANAGEMENT; DISCHARGE; ATTITUDES; PATIENT AB OBJECTIVE: One of the major factors influencing length of stay for patients with community-acquired pneumonia is the timing of conversion from intravenous to oral antibiotics. We measured physician attitudes and beliefs about the antibiotic switch decision and assessed physician characteristics associated with practice beliefs. DESIGN: Written survey assessing attitudes about the antibiotic conversion decision. SETTING: Seven teaching and non-teaching hospitals in Pittsburgh, Pa. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred forty-five generalist and specialist attending physicians who manage pneumonia in 7 hospitals. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Factors rated as "very important" to the antibiotic conversion decision were: absence of suppurative infection (93%), ability to maintain oral intake (79%), respiratory rate at baseline (64%), no positive blood cultures (63%), normal temperature (62%). oxygenation at baseline (55%). and mental status at baseline (50%). The median thresholds at which physicians believed a typical patient could be converted to oral therapy were: temperature less than or equal to 100 degreesF (37.8 degreesC), respiratory rate less than or equal to 20 breaths/ minute, heart rate less than or equal to 100 beats/minute, systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 100 mm Hg, and room air oxygen saturation greater than or equal to 90%. Fifty-eight percent of physicians felt that "patients should be afebrile for 24 hours before conversion to oral antibiotics," and 19% said, "patients should receive a standard duration of Intravenous antibiotics." In univariate analyses, pulmonary and infectious diseases physicians were the most predisposed towards early conversion to oral antibiotics, and other medical specialists were the least predisposed, with generalists being intermediate (P <.019). In multivariate analyses, practice beliefs were associated with age, Inpatient care activities, attitudes about guidelines. and agreeableness on a personality inventory scale. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians believed that patients could be switched to oral antibiotics once vital signs and mental status had stabilized and oral intake was possible. However, there was considerable variation in several antibiotic practice beliefs. Guidelines and pathways to streamline antibiotic therapy should include educational strategies to address some of these differences In attitudes. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Pittsburgh Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Halm, EA (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, Box 1077,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [R01 HS08282-02] NR 27 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 16 IS 9 BP 599 EP 605 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009599.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 475TV UT WOS:000171184700004 PM 11556940 ER PT J AU Mann, DL AF Mann, DL TI Interleukin-6 and viral myocarditis: The Yin-Yang of cardiac innate immune responses SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE myocarditis; innate immunity; tumor necrosis factor; interleukin-6 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MICE; IL-6; RECEPTOR; TNF C1 Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, 151C,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dmann@bcm.tmc.edu OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL61543-01, R01 HL58081-01, HL-42250-10/10, P50 HL-06H] NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1551 EP 1553 DI 10.1006/jmcc.2001.1432 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 471FX UT WOS:000170919100001 PM 11549335 ER PT J AU Stanislaus, R Singh, AK Singh, I AF Stanislaus, R Singh, AK Singh, I TI Amelioration of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats by Lovastatin: a novel role for statins. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 SU 1 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 469AF UT WOS:000170789800165 ER PT J AU Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Yao, JK AF Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Yao, JK TI Altereded plasma antioxidant status in first-episode schizophrenic patients SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, WPIC, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 SU 1 BP 79 EP 79 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 469AF UT WOS:000170789800278 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD TI Increased nitric oxide radicals and mercaptans in postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 SU 1 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 469AF UT WOS:000170789800317 ER PT J AU Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Peters, JL Gurklis, JA AF Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Peters, JL Gurklis, JA TI CSF serine levels in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 SU 1 BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 469AF UT WOS:000170789800565 ER PT J AU Hagerty, T Fernandez, E Lynch, K Wang, SS Morgan, WW Strong, R AF Hagerty, T Fernandez, E Lynch, K Wang, SS Morgan, WW Strong, R TI Interaction of a glucocorticoid-responsive element with regulatory sequences in the promoter region of the mouse tyrosine hydroxylase gene SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cyclic AMP-responsive element; cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase; gene promoter; gene transcription; glucocorticoid response element; tyrosine hydroxylase ID DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE; CYCLIC-AMP; PROTEIN-KINASE; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MESSENGER-RNA; PC12 CELLS; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; RAT AB The purpose of the work reported here was to determine whether the tyrosine hydroxylase glucocorticoid-responsive element (TH-GRE) interacts with the cyclic AMP pathway and the CRE in regulating mouse TH promoter activity, and whether an additional, previously identified downstream GRE-like element also participates in the function of the TH-GRE and CRE. To determine the role of the cAMP pathway on TH-GRE function, we compared the effects of forskolin and dexamethasone on TH mRNA, TH gene transcription and TH promoter activity in a mutant PC12 cell line (A126-1B2) deficient in cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) with their effects in the wild-type parental strain. Forskolin treatment increased TH mRNA content, transcriptional activity and the activity of a chimeric gene with 3.6 kb of the TH promoter in wild-type cells, but not in PKA-deficient cells. In contrast, dexamethasone treatment stimulated equivalent increases in TH mRNA, TH gene transcription and TH promoter activity in each cell type. Mutation of the CRE in chimeric constructs containing 3.6 kb of the 5 ' flanking sequence of the mouse TH gene or coexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of CREB prevented the stimulation of TH promoter activity by forskolin. However, neither the mutation of the CRE nor inhibition of CREB influenced basal or dexamethasone-stimulated promoter activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the TH-GRE eliminated the response of the promoter to dexamethasone. However, the mutagenesis of a more proximal 15-bp region with a GRE-like sequence had no demonstrable effect on the ability of dexamethasone to stimulate TH promoter activity. Neither mutagenesis of the TH-GRE or the downstream GRE-like sequence had an effect on the ability of forskolin to activate this chimeric gene. Taken together, these results provide evidence that a single GRE is sufficient for maximal induction of transcriptional activity by glucocorticoids and that the CRE is not required for either partial or full activity of this upstream GRE sequence. C1 Audie L Murphy Vet Hosp, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Vet Hosp, Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Strong, R (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Vet Hosp, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 52543] NR 37 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 IS 6 BP 1379 EP 1388 DI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00521.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 474LF UT WOS:000171107900019 PM 11579146 ER PT J AU Taber, KH Rashid, A Hurley, RA AF Taber, KH Rashid, A Hurley, RA TI Functional anatomy of central pain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL POSTSTROKE PAIN; MOTOR CORTEX STIMULATION; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; MECHANISM; THALAMUS; NUCLEUS; STROKE; BRAIN; MRI C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Herbert J Frensley Ctr Imaging Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Taber, KH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Radiol, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 13 IS 4 BP 437 EP 440 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13.4.437 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 501VX UT WOS:000172707700001 PM 11748313 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Teneback, HC Kozel, A Speer, AM DeBrux, C Molloy, M Stallings, L Spicer, KM Arana, G Bohning, DE Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z Teneback, HC Kozel, A Speer, AM DeBrux, C Molloy, M Stallings, L Spicer, KM Arana, G Bohning, DE Risch, SC George, MS TI Brain effects of TMS delivered over prefrontal cortex in depressed adults: Role of stimulation frequency and coil-cortex distance SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; MOTOR CORTEX; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ANTIDEPRESSANT RESPONSE; RTMS; MOOD; PET; EXCITABILITY; CONNECTIVITY AB Relative regional brain blood flow was measured in 23 clinically depressed adults by using ECD SPECT at baseline and again during actual prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following 5 daily sessions of TMS. TMS over prefrontal cortex caused increased activity in cortex directly under the stimulation (inversely correlated with distance from scalp to cortex) and decreased activity in remote regions (anterior cingulate and anterior temporal poles). High-frequency rTMS (20 Hz) caused more relative flow immediately below the TMS coil than did low-frequency rTMS (5 Hz). Confirming the hypotheses tested, repeated daily TMS over the prefrontal cortex in medication-free depressed adults appears to change both local and remote blood flow in a manner that may also depend on the frequency of stimulation and coil to outer cortex distance. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Brain Simulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Brain Simulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Brain Simulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Nahas, Z (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Brain Simulat Lab, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 60 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 2001 VL 13 IS 4 BP 459 EP 470 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13.4.459 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 501VX UT WOS:000172707700003 PM 11748315 ER PT J AU Li, MT Linseman, DA Allen, MP Meintzer, MK Wang, XM Laessig, T Wierman, ME Heidenreich, KA AF Li, MT Linseman, DA Allen, MP Meintzer, MK Wang, XM Laessig, T Wierman, ME Heidenreich, KA TI Myocyte enhancer factor 2A and 2D undergo phosphorylation and caspase-mediated degradation during apoptosis of rat cerebellar granule neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MEF2; neurons; apoptosis; transcription; caspase; cerebellum ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MEF2; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; EXPRESSION; MUSCLE; SKELETAL; CELLS; GENE; DIFFERENTIATION; SURVIVAL AB Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) proteins are important regulators of gene expression during the development of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. MEF2 proteins are also present in brain and recently have been implicated in neuronal survival and differentiation. In this study we examined the cellular mechanisms regulating the activity of MEF2s during apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons, an established in vitro model for studying depolarization-dependent neuronal survival. All four MEF2 isoforms (A, B, C, and D) were detected by immunoblot analysis in cerebellar granule neurons. Endogenous MEF2A and MEF2D, but not MEF2B or MEF2C, were phosphorylated with the induction of apoptosis. The putative sites that were phosphorylated during apoptosis are functionally distinct from those previously reported to enhance MEF2 transcription. The increased phosphorylation of MEF2A and MEF2D was followed by decreased DNA binding, reduced transcriptional activity, and caspase-dependent cleavage to fragments containing N-terminal DNA binding domains and C-terminal transactivation domains. Expression of the highly homologous N terminus of MEF2A (1-131 amino acids) antagonized the transcriptional activity and prosurvival effects of a constitutively active mutant of MEF2D (MEF2D-VP16). We conclude that MEF2A and MEF2D are prosurvival factors with high transcriptional activity in postmitotic cerebellar granule neurons. When these neurons are induced to undergo apoptosis by lowering extracellular potassium, MEF2A and MEF2D are phosphorylated, followed by decreased DNA binding and cleavage by a caspase-sensitive pathway to N-terminal fragments lacking the transactivation domains. The degradation of MEF2D and MEF2A and the generation of MEF2 fragments that have the potential to act as dominant-inactive transcription factors lead to apoptotic cell death. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Heidenreich, KA (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111H, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS38619-01A1] NR 33 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD SEP 1 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 17 BP 6544 EP 6552 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 467FC UT WOS:000170690900012 PM 11517243 ER PT J AU Gruber, HE Ma, DF Hanley, EN Ingram, J Yamaguchi, DT AF Gruber, HE Ma, DF Hanley, EN Ingram, J Yamaguchi, DT TI Morphologic and molecular evidence for gap junctions and connexin 43 and 45 expression in annulus fibrosus cells from the human intervertebral disc SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; DEGENERATION; LINE AB Data are presented which provide evidence for gap junction formation and connexin (Cx) 43 and 45 gene expression in human intervertebral disc cells in vivo and in vitro. These findings in cells from the annulus are important in conjunction with the well-recognized loss of disc cells during aging and disc degeneration. As a result of this loss of cells, cell-cell communication, which we propose is an important, but as yet poorly understood, mechanism which links and coordinates cellular function throughout the entire population of disc cells, is also disrupted. These studies provide additional information on the fundamental cell biology of the disc cell and provide an additional framework for understanding aging, degeneration and potential repair of the human disc. (C) 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Carolinas Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC 28232 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gruber, HE (reprint author), Carolinas Med Ctr, POB 32861, Charlotte, NC 28232 USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0736-0266 J9 J ORTHOPAED RES JI J. Orthop. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 19 IS 5 BP 985 EP 989 DI 10.1016/S0736-0266(00)00072-3 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 468RC UT WOS:000170771100034 PM 11562151 ER PT J AU Aravagiri, M Marder, SR AF Aravagiri, M Marder, SR TI Simultaneous determination of clozapine and its N-desmethyl and N-oxide metabolites in plasma by liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and its application to plasma level monitoring in schizophrenic patients. SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE clozapine; norclozapine; clozapine N-oxide; simultaneous determination; LC-MS-MS; electrospray; plasma level monitoring ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION; HUMAN SERUM AB A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) assay method for the simultaneous determination of clozapine and its N-desmethyl (norclozapine) and N-oxide metabolites in human plasma is described, The compounds were extracted from plasma by a single step liquid-liquid extraction procedure and analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometer system. The compounds were eluted isocratically on a C-18 column. ionized using positive ion atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization method by a TurboIonspray source and analyzed using multiple reaction monitoring mode. The ion transitions monitored were m/z 327 --> m/z 270 for clozapine, m/z 313 --> m/z 192 for norclozapine, m/z 343 --> m/z 256 for clozapine-N-oxide and m/z 421 --> m/z 201 for internal standard. The standard curves of clozapine, norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide were linear over the range of 1 ng/ml to 1000 ng/ml when 0.5 ml of plasma was used for the analysis (r(2) > 0.998). Three pooled plasma samples collected from patients who were treated with clozapine were used as long-term quality control samples to check the validity of spiked standard curve samples made at various times. The intra- and inter-assay variations for the spiked standard curve and quality control samples were less than 14%. These variations for the long-term patient quality control samples were less than 11%. The LC-MS-MS assay for simultaneous determination of clozapine, norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide reported here is highly specific. sensitive, accurate and rapid. This method is currently being used for the plasma level monitoring of clozapine and its N-desmethyl and N-oxide metabolites in patients treated with clozapine. The plasma levels of clozapine. norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide varied widely within and among patients. The data revealed that the norclozapine and clozapine N-oxide metabolites were present at about 58% +/- 14% and 17% +/- 6% of clozapine concentrations in plasma. respectively. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Psychopharmacol Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Aravagiri, M (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Psychopharmacol Unit, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Rm 4 B151H Bldg 210, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH41573] NR 31 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 26 IS 2 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00410-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 464ZE UT WOS:000170562600014 PM 11470207 ER PT J AU Weaver, K Price, R Czerniecki, J Sangeorzan, B AF Weaver, K Price, R Czerniecki, J Sangeorzan, B TI Design and validation of an instrument package designed to increase the reliability of ankle range of motion measurements SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE ankle; contracture; equinus; goniometer reliability ID GONIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AB Objective: To validate a novel device termed the equinometer, which is designed to accurately measure ankle dorsiflexion. Design: Test retest reliability analysis using serial measurements of dorsiflexion endpoint in a group of normal individuals, Setting: Motion analysis laboratory. Participants: Ten healthy individuals. Primary Outcome Measure: The mean and standard deviation of the absolute difference in dorsiflexion endpoint for the group. Results: The mean absolute change in dorsiflexion endpoint for the group was 0.45 degrees with a standard deviation of 0.43 degrees. Conclusions: With the use of the device described, the mean change in dorsiflexion endpoint was well within acceptable clinical limits. The reliability of measurements obtained with the equinometer exceeds that which has been published with other techniques and devices. C1 Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Weaver, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, 325 9th Ave,Box 359740, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 471 EP 475 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 493WZ UT WOS:000172247600004 PM 11732825 ER PT J AU Henry, JA Flick, CL Gilbert, A Ellingson, RM Fausti, SA AF Henry, JA Flick, CL Gilbert, A Ellingson, RM Fausti, SA TI Comparison of two computer-automated procedures for tinnitus pitch matching SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE hearing disorders; pitch perception; reliability of results; tinnitus AB Clinical assessment of the perceptual characteristics of tinnitus usually includes an attempt to match the pitch of tinnitus to a pure tone. A standardized clinical protocol for tinnitus pitch matching does not yet exist, and there is a history of unsuccessful attempts to obtain such measures reliably. The present study was designed to evaluate new protocols for identifying the perceived pitch of tinnitus, with the objectives of reducing testing time and improving test-retest reliability. Two protocols ("Octave" and "Binary") were developed, each of which was patterned after the testing procedure previously developed at the Oregon Tinnitus Clinic and used to assess thousands of tinnitus patients. Both protocols use computer-automation to conduct testing; the protocols differ according to their specific testing algorithms. Twenty subjects with nonfluctuating tinnitus were each tested over two sessions. Results of testing revealed that both protocols could obtain pitch matches within 20 to 25 min. Reliability of responses was good for some subjects but not others, and the Binary protocol generally provided more reliable results. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, NCRAR, VA Rehabil Res & Dev, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Henry, JA (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, NCRAR, VA Rehabil Res & Dev, POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 557 EP 566 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 493WZ UT WOS:000172247600012 PM 11732833 ER PT J AU Henry, JA Flick, CL Gilbert, A Ellingson, RM Fausti, SA AF Henry, JA Flick, CL Gilbert, A Ellingson, RM Fausti, SA TI Reliability of hearing thresholds: Computer-automated testing with ER-4B canal Phone (TM) earphones SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE auditory; threshold; hearing; reliability of results ID HIGH-FREQUENCY AUDIOMETRY; INSERT EARPHONES; ADULTS; ATTENUATION; VARIABILITY AB This study was conducted to document test-retest reliability of hearing thresholds using our computer-automated tinnitus matching technique and Etymotic ER-4B Canal Phone (TM) insert earphones. The research design involved repeated threshold measurements both within and between sessions, and testing to evaluate the potential effect of eartip removal and reinsertion. Twenty normal-hearing subjects were evaluated over two testing sessions with the use of a fully automated ;protocol for determining thresholds with 1-dB precision. Thresholds were first obtained at 0.5-16.0 kHz, in one-third octave frequency steps (16 test frequencies). The octave frequencies were then retested, first without removing the eartips, then after eartip removal and replacement. Responses between sessions differed by an average of 2.5 dB across all 16 test frequencies, and 91.5 percent of the repeated thresholds varied within +/-5 dB (98.1 percent within +/- 10 dB). Reliability of within-sessions thresholds was also good, and there was no effect of eartip removal and replacement. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Natl VA Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr Rehabilitat Auditor, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Henry, JA (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, NCRAR, RR&D Ctr Rehabil Auditory Res, POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 38 IS 5 BP 567 EP 581 PG 15 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 493WZ UT WOS:000172247600013 PM 11732834 ER PT J AU Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K Conigliaro, RL Kelley, ME AF Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K Conigliaro, RL Kelley, ME TI Effects of two types of brief intervention and readiness to change on alcohol use in hazardous drinkers SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; PHYSICIAN; DRINKING; CONSUMPTION; MOTIVATION; TRIALS; AUDIT; SCALE; RISK AB Objective: Brief interventions for hazardous and low-dependent drinkers in the primary care setting have considerable empirical support. The purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate the effects of brief advice (BA) and motivational enhancement (ME) interventions on alcohol consumption. In addition, a hindsight matching design was used to (2) study the moderator effects of patient readiness to change (alcohol use) on alcohol consumption. Method: The subjects (N = 301, 70% men) were patients 21 years of age or older who presented for treatment at one of 12 primary care clinics. After screening for eligibility and providing consent to participate in the study, the patients completed a baseline assessment and were randomly assigned to the BA, ME or standard care (SC) interventions condition. Follow-up assessments were completed at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months postbaseline assessment. Results: Evaluation of the first hypothesis (n = 232 for these analyses) showed that all participants tended to reduce their alcohol use considerably between the baseline and 12-month assessments. In addition, evaluation of the second hypothesis showed a moderator effect of readiness to change in predicting the number of drinks at 12 months, such that the BA intervention seemed more effective for patients relatively low in readiness to change compared to those higher in readiness. Readiness to change did not seem to be related to changes in drinking of participants in the SC or ME conditions. Conclusions: The results confirm that, among primary care patients, substantial changes in alcohol consumption are possible. They further suggest that matching studies of patient readiness to change their alcohol use, as well as other variables, are warranted. C1 Syracuse Univ, Ctr Hlth & Behav, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Maisto, SA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Ctr Hlth & Behav, Dept Psychol, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [5K01-AA00235, AA1029] NR 36 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 12 U2 15 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 0096-882X J9 J STUD ALCOHOL JI J. Stud. Alcohol PD SEP PY 2001 VL 62 IS 5 BP 605 EP 614 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 485BP UT WOS:000171733900008 PM 11702799 ER PT J AU Hazzard, WR AF Hazzard, WR TI Depressed albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: Signposts along the final common pathway of frailty SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFLAMMATION; DISEASE C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hazzard, WR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1253 EP 1254 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49245.x PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 474DR UT WOS:000171090700018 PM 11559388 ER PT J AU Lovis, C Chapko, MK Martin, DP Payne, TH Baud, RH Hoey, PJ Fihn, SD AF Lovis, C Chapko, MK Martin, DP Payne, TH Baud, RH Hoey, PJ Fihn, SD TI Evaluation of a command-line parser-based order entry pathway for the Department of Veterans Affairs electronic patient record SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; SATISFACTION; LEGIBILITY; PHYSICIANS; STUDENTS; IMPACT; ERRORS; TIME; TEXT AB Objective: To improve and simplify electronic order entry in an existing electronic patient record, the authors developed an alternative system for entering orders, which is based on a command-line interface using robust and simple natural-language techniques. Design: The authors conducted a randomized evaluation of the new entry pathway, measuring time to complete a standard set of orders, and users' satisfaction measured by questionnaire. A group of 16 physician volunteers from the staff of the Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System-Seattle Division participated in the evaluation. Results: Thirteen of the 16 physicians (81 %) were able to enter medical orders more quickly using the natural-language-based entry system than the standard graphical user interface that uses menus and dialogs (mean time spared, 16.06 +/- 4.52 minutes; P = 0.029). Compared with the graphical user interface, the command-line-based pathway was perceived as easier to learn (P < 0.01), was considered easier to use and faster (P < 0.01), and was rated better overall (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Physicians found the command-line interface easier to learn and faster to use than the usual menu-driven system. The major advantage of the system is that it combines an intuitive graphical user interface with the power and speed of a natural-language analyzer. C1 Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Med Informat, Integrated Elect Patient Record Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lovis, C (reprint author), Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Med Informat, Integrated Elect Patient Record Grp, 21 Micheli du Crest, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. RI Lovis, Christian/D-2634-2012 OI Lovis, Christian/0000-0002-2681-8076 NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 8 IS 5 BP 486 EP 498 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 473GC UT WOS:000171031300007 PM 11522769 ER PT J AU Castellon, SA Hinkin, CH Myers, HF AF Castellon, SA Hinkin, CH Myers, HF TI Neuropsychiatric alterations and neurocognitive performance in HIV/AIDS: A response to C. Bungener and R. Jouvent SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID HIV-1 INFECTION; DEPRESSION; APATHY C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlthcare Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Castellon, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 760 Westwood Plaza,Room C8-747, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 7 IS 6 BP 776 EP 777 DI 10.1017/S1355617701766143 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 471YE UT WOS:000170955600014 ER PT J AU DiNuzzo, AR Black, SA Lichtenstein, MJ Markides, KS AF DiNuzzo, AR Black, SA Lichtenstein, MJ Markides, KS TI Prevalance of functional blindness, visual impairment, and related functional deficits among elderly Mexican Americans SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OLDER ADULTS; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; COMMUNITY; PROJECT; VISION AB Background. This report describes the prevalence and correlates of functional blindness and visual impairment among older Mexican Americans, using data on 2800 respondents from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. Methods. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between corrected bilateral distant vision and sociodemographic characteristics, selected health conditions, self-reported health status. health care utilization, and functional dependence on the basis of assistance needed for basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs). Results. Using a modified Snellen test for distance visual acuity, 5% of older Mexican Americans were found to be functionally blind. and 13.5% were found to be visually impaired. Vision loss was significantly associated with older age, lower education, hypertension, diabetes, poor self-rated health, and hospitalization during the year prior to the interview. Over 50% of functionally blind subjects required assistance with at least one basic ADL, compared with 15% of those who were visually impaired and 8% of those who were not visually impaired. Conclusions. The prevalence of functional blindness in this sample of elderly Mexican Americans was higher than reported for the general elderly population, yet they also have higher rates of adequate vision because of the low prevalence of visual impairment, The results suggest a need for more research on the prevalence and impact of functional blindness and Visual impairment on the health of older Mexican Americans. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Ctr Aging, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Markides, KS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10939]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK51261-A]; PHS HHS [P60 A6-17231] NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 6 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 56 IS 9 BP M548 EP M551 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 468GK UT WOS:000170749600009 PM 11524446 ER PT J AU Poorkaj, P Kas, A D'Souza, I Zhou, Y Pham, Q Stone, M Olson, MV Schellenberg, GD AF Poorkaj, P Kas, A D'Souza, I Zhou, Y Pham, Q Stone, M Olson, MV Schellenberg, GD TI A genomic sequence analysis of the mouse and human microtubule-associated protein tau SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT TAU; INHERITED DEMENTIA FTDP-17; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; LOCUS-CONTROL REGIONS; MESSENGER-RNA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION AB Microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT) encodes the microtubule associated protein tau, the primary component of neurofibrillary tangles found in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Mutations in the coding and intronic sequences of MAPT cause autosomal dominant frontotemporal dementia (FTDP-17). MAPT is also a candidate gene for progressive supranuclear palsy and hereditary dysphagic dementia. A human PAC (201 kb) and a mouse BAC (161 kb) containing the entire MAPT and Mtapt genes, respectively, were identified and sequenced. Comparative DNA sequence analysis revealed over 100 conserved non-repeat potential cis-acting regulatory sequences in or close to MAPT. Those islands with greater than 67% nucleotide identity range in size from 20 to greater than 1700 nucleotides. Over 90 single nucleotide, polymorphisms were identified in MAPT that are candidate susceptibility alleles for neurodegenerative disease. The 5' and 3' flanking genes for MAPT are the corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor (CRFR) gene and KIAA1267, a gene of unknown function expressed in brain. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG11762]; PHS HHS [P010135316] NR 65 TC 41 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD SEP PY 2001 VL 12 IS 9 BP 700 EP 712 DI 10.1007/s00335-001-2044-8 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 468CG UT WOS:000170740100005 PM 11641718 ER PT J AU Blevins, JE Eakin, TJ Murphy, JA Schwartz, MW Baskin, DG AF Blevins, JE Eakin, TJ Murphy, JA Schwartz, MW Baskin, DG TI Oxytocin innervation of caudal brainstem areas activated by cholecystokinin SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI ROCHESTER PA C/O DR MICHAEL JENSEN, MAYO MEDICAL CENTER, MAYO CLIN 200 FIRST ST, SW, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 9 SU 3 BP 56S EP 56S PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 473YF UT WOS:000171076300014 ER PT J AU Cornier, MA Donahoo, W Black, J Stephens, E Hill, J Eckel, R Draznin, B AF Cornier, MA Donahoo, W Black, J Stephens, E Hill, J Eckel, R Draznin, B TI Insulin sensitivity determines the effectiveness of macronutrient composition of the diet on weight loss SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI ROCHESTER PA C/O DR MICHAEL JENSEN, MAYO MEDICAL CENTER, MAYO CLIN 200 FIRST ST, SW, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 9 SU 3 BP 79S EP 79S PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 473YF UT WOS:000171076300108 ER PT J AU Lutz, SC Anderson, SF Wu, CY Townsend, JC AF Lutz, SC Anderson, SF Wu, CY Townsend, JC TI Non-Hodgkin's orbital lymphoma SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE external beam irradiation; monoclonal antibody therapy; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; orbit; orbital lymphoma; proptosis; radiation retinopathy ID RADIATION RETINOPATHY; FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA; THERAPY; TUMORS; IRRADIATION; MANAGEMENT; PROGNOSIS; CARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS AB Background. The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are a group of neoplasms characterized by proliferation of malignant lymphocytes. Patients with NHL have a wide variety of presenting signs and symptoms, depending largely on the site of involvement and aggressiveness of the disease. Many organs in the body may be affected, including the eye and orbit. Case Report. A 47-year-old male with a 3-year history of stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who had undergone recent monoclonal antibody therapy presented with a complaint of blur in the left eye with occasional diplopia. Significant ocular findings of the left eye included ptosis, mild proptosis, increased intraocular pressure, and choroidal folds. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit revealed an orbital lymphoma that completely resolved after 2400 rads of external beam irradiation therapy. Eight months later, the patient developed a secondary radiation retinopathy. Conclusion. The prevalence of NHL is on the rise, and orbital involvement may occur at any time during the course of the disease. The standard treatment for non-Hodgkin's orbital lymphoma is external beam irradiation therapy, although the optimal dose for obtaining local tumor control without complications remains to be determined. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, orbital lymphoma, and various treatment options are discussed. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Sepulveda, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Santa Barbara Ambulatory Care Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA USA. So Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USA. RP Lutz, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 4860 Y St, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 78 IS 9 BP 639 EP 645 DI 10.1097/00006324-200109000-00008 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 479LP UT WOS:000171406100013 PM 11587197 ER PT J AU Lloyd, RL Pekary, AE Sattin, A Amundson, T AF Lloyd, RL Pekary, AE Sattin, A Amundson, T TI Antidepressant effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogues using a rodent model of depression SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE depression; TRH; ECS; Porsolt test; antidepressant treatment ID SEIZURES INCREASE LEVELS; RAT LIMBIC FOREBRAIN; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; DEGRADING ECTOENZYME; RECEPTOR-BINDING; TRH; BRAIN; EXPRESSION; THRESHOLD; PROSTATE AB The antidepressant potential of two naturally occurring analogues of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), pGLU-GLU-PRO-NH2 (EEP) and pGLU-PHE-PRO-NH2 (EFP), were examined using a rodent model of antidepressant efficacy. The Porsolt Swim Test was used to assay the antidepressant proper-ties of these two peptides. Both analogues of TRH produced significant antidepressant effects, with EEP producing the stronger response. No effect of EEP upon triiodothyronine (T-3) was observed at the dosage used. EFP, which has previously been demonstrated to crossreact with the TRH receptor, significantly increased serum T-3. Since an effect upon T-3 was only observed in the weaker of the two compounds, these data suggest that the behavioral effect of EEP was not secondary to stimulation of thyroid hormone. Additionally, the differential behavioral response to the two compounds suggests a degree of sequence specificity in the ability of TRH-like tripeptides to produce an antidepressant effect. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Endocrinol Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lloyd, RL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, 332 Bohannon Hall,10 Univ Dr, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 70 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0091-3057(01)00555-X PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 472LF UT WOS:000170985000002 PM 11566138 ER PT J AU Okano, GJ Malone, DC Billups, SJ Carter, BL Sintek, CD Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, MG AF Okano, GJ Malone, DC Billups, SJ Carter, BL Sintek, CD Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, MG TI Reduced quality of life in veterans at risk for drug-related problems SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AFFAIRS MEDICAL-CENTERS; HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; OF-LIFE; VALIDITY; CARE; SELECTION; SEVERITY; OUTCOMES; DISEASE AB The relationships between drug therapy and health-related quality of life in 1054 patients who received care from Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs) were assessed. Patients at high risk for drug-related problems were enrolled into a pharmaceutical care study at nine VAMCs. On enrollment, the short form (SF)-36 was completed and medical records were examined for evidence of coexisting illness. Drug therapy in the year before enrollment was analyzed in relation to SF-36 scores. Mean SD SF-36 scores ranged from 37.99 +/- 41.70 for role physical to 70.78 +/- 18.97 for mental health domains, with all domain scores significantly below age-adjusted national norms (p <0.05). Patients taking a drug that required therapeutic monitoring had significantly lower SF-36 scores (p=0.0001 to p=0.0033) across all domains except for bodily pain and mental health, compared with patients not taking these agents. C1 CareSci Inc, Strateg Outcomes Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Denver, CO USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Iowa City, IA USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. James A Haley Vet Hosp, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Idaho State Univ, Coll Pharm, Boise, ID USA. Boise Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Boise, ID USA. Vet Affairs Sierra Nevada Hlth Syst, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Reno, NV 89557 USA. John L McClellan Mem Vet Hosp, Little Rock, AR USA. Baltimore Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Iowa City Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. Massachusetts Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. RP Okano, GJ (reprint author), CareSci Inc, Strateg Outcomes Serv, POB 12844, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER, 806, 750 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD SEP PY 2001 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1123 EP 1129 DI 10.1592/phco.21.13.1123.34620 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 470BC UT WOS:000170849700011 PM 11560202 ER PT J AU Bovasso, GB Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Cook, TG AF Bovasso, GB Alterman, AI Cacciola, JS Cook, TG TI Predictive validity of the Addiction Severity Index's Composite Scores in the assessment of 2-year outcomes in a methadone maintenance population SO PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-ILLNESS; RELIABILITY; OUTPATIENTS; INSTRUMENT AB The current research tested the predictive validity of 6 of the 7 Composite Scores (CSs) of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) in 310 methadone maintenance patients assessed at treatment entry using the ASI and other measures, and followed for 2 years. Logistic regression was used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the CSs at intake in predicting their respective validity criterion measures at follow up. Except for the Medical CS, each of the other 5 CS measures significantly predicted its validity criterion measure. The CSs measuring drug use, alcohol abuse, psychopathology, and legal problems had high specificity (79% for the Drug CS, 91% for the Alcohol CS, 96% for the Legal CS, and 100% for the Psychological CS). The CSs measuring employment problems had high sensitivity (76%). The results support the predictive validity of most of the ASI CSs as measures of specific problems as well as the validity of the multidimensional construct on which the ASI is based. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Bovasso, GB (reprint author), Treatment Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Bldg 3,3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186]; PHS HHS [D-05858] NR 13 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0893-164X J9 PSYCHOL ADDICT BEHAV JI Psychol. Addict. Behav. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 15 IS 3 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1037//0893-164X.15.3.171 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 471CT UT WOS:000170910500001 PM 11563793 ER PT J AU Grossman, P Wilhelm, FH Kawachi, I Sparrow, D AF Grossman, P Wilhelm, FH Kawachi, I Sparrow, D TI Gender differences in psychophysiological responses to speech stress among older social phobics: Congruence and incongruence between self-evaluative and cardiovascular reactions SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE anxiety disorders; social phobia; cardiovascular reactivity; heart rate variability; autonomic control; mental stress ID FINGER BLOOD-PRESSURE; NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; AVOIDANT PERSONALITY-DISORDER; RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; NONINVASIVE CARDIAC-OUTPUT; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; PANIC DISORDER; PUBLIC-SPEAKING; COMMUNITY SAMPLE AB Objective: Evidence suggests increased cardiovascular risk and autonomic impairment among individuals with chronic anxiety. Little attention, however, has been paid to the anxiety disorder of social phobia despite its high prevalence. Additionally, gender- and age-related cardiovascular profiles have not been examined in relation to social phobia. This study investigated cardiovascular responses to a socially threatening situation among older men and women with social phobia and control subjects. Methods: Thirty subjects with social phobia and 30 control subjects (mean age = 65 years) were assessed during baseline, paced breathing, speech preparation, and speech presentation. Electrocardiographic variables, blood pressure, respiration, and emotional state (self-reported) were monitored. Hemodynamic variables included heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance; autonomic measures were respiratory sinus arrhythmia and baroreflex sensitivity, both markers of cardiac vagal control, and 0.10-Hz systolic blood pressure variability, an index of sympathetic vasomotor tone. Results: Subjects with social phobia, in contrast to nonanxious control subjects, manifested more anxiety, embarrassment, and somatic complaints in response to stress; however, physiological measures generally did not distinguish groups. Interaction effects indicated that socially phobic women were hyperresponsive to the stressor with respect to self-reported, hemodynamic, and autonomic parameters. Socially phobic men manifested no physiological differences in comparison with control subjects, but they reported more psychological and somatic complaints. Conclusions: Gender differences in subjective and physiological responses to a socially threatening situation indicate congruence between perceived social anxiety and physiological responses in older women but not men. We found no evidence of impaired cardiovascular autonomic regulation among socially phobic men despite other reports that phobically anxious men are at greater cardiovascular risk. C1 Breathing Space, Inst Yoga Meditat & Hlth, D-79100 Freiburg, Germany. Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Boston, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Grossman, P (reprint author), Breathing Space, Inst Yoga Meditat & Hlth, Konradstr 32, D-79100 Freiburg, Germany. RI Grossman, Paul/A-6279-2009 NR 71 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 63 IS 5 BP 765 EP 777 PG 13 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 475KQ UT WOS:000171163500010 PM 11573025 ER PT J AU Basile, JN AF Basile, JN TI Hypertension 2001: How will JNC VII be different from JNC VI? SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Primary Care, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med Geriatr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Basile, JN (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 94 IS 9 BP 889 EP 890 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 479EB UT WOS:000171390000010 PM 11592748 ER PT J AU Deck, AJ Yang, CC AF Deck, AJ Yang, CC TI Perinephric abscesses in the neurologically impaired SO SPINAL CORD LA English DT Article DE abscess; spinal cord injury; multiple sclerosis; calculus; urinary tract infection AB Study design: Retrospective chart review. Objectives: To document the occurrence and management of large perinephric abscesses in neurologically impaired patients at high risk for this infectious complication. Setting: US Veterans Affairs hospital. Methods: The records, radiographs, operative findings and outcomes of all patients who presented with perinephric abscesses evident on physical exam within the last 5 years were reviewed. Results: Four patients presented with large perinephric abscesses evident on physical examination. All had severe neurologic impairment with high sensory levels; three had spinal cord injuries, one had advanced multiple sclerosis. All had neurogenic bladders and recurrent urinary tract infections. The diagnosis was made through a combination of history, physical examination and computed tomography (CT) examination. All were found to have upper tract obstruction. All were managed with immediate abscess drainage and three had elective nephrectomy once the infection had resolved. No patients died of their perinephric abscess. Conclusions: These four cases illustrate that although advances in antibiotics, imaging and percutaneous management have improved the speed of diagnosis and reduced the mortality in patients with perinephric abscesses, the neurologically impaired population continues to remain at significant risk for the development and the delayed diagnosis of these morbid renal infections. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Yang, CC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1362-4393 J9 SPINAL CORD JI Spinal Cord PD SEP PY 2001 VL 39 IS 9 BP 477 EP 481 DI 10.1038/sj.sc.3101188 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 473XY UT WOS:000171075500003 PM 11571659 ER PT J AU Back, AL Curtis, JR AF Back, AL Curtis, JR TI When does primary care turn into palliative care? SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CANCER C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Back, AL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 221 MAIN ST, PO BOX 7690, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94120-7690 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD SEP PY 2001 VL 175 IS 3 BP 150 EP 151 DI 10.1136/ewjm.175.3.150 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 468CY UT WOS:000170741600003 PM 11527831 ER PT J AU Cole, J Tsou, R Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F AF Cole, J Tsou, R Wallace, K Gibran, N Isik, F TI Early gene expression profile of human skin to injury using high-density cDNA microarrays SO WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION LA English DT Article ID TISSUE MICROARRAYS; CELLS; FIBROBLASTS; INHIBITORS; PROTEIN; MICE AB Disturbances in normal wound healing may be traced to perturbations in gene expression following injury. To decipher normal and abnormal genetic responses to cutaneous injury, baseline gene expression of uninjured skin and injured skin must be better defined. Our aim for this study was to determine the gene expression profile of human skin immediately following injury using cDNA microarrays, Samples of normal and injured skin were obtained from 5 healthy females undergoing breast reduction surgery. Specimens of the epidermis and dermis were obtained at 30 minutes and 1 hour after the initial injury, RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed into cDNA and hybridized onto high-density cDNA microarray membranes of 4,000 genes. At 30 minutes, injury resulted in a consistent increase (> 2x) in gene expression of 124 out of 4,000 genes (3%), These genes were primarily involved in transcription and signaling, None of the 4,000 genes were decreased (< 2 x) at 30 minutes, At 1 hour only 46 out of the 4,000 genes were increased in expression (1.15%) but 264 out of 4,000 (6.6%) genes were decreased greater than 2 fold, indicating a silencing of many structural genes. We have identified several genes, namely, suppressor of cytokine signaling-1, rho HP1, and BB1, that are highly expressed after injury and may have an unappreciated role in regulating the initial inflammatory response. These data provide an initial high-throughput analysis of gene expression immediately following human skin injury and show the utility and future importance of high-throughput analysis in skin biology and wound repair. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Surg, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Cole, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Box 356410,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM57426] NR 25 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1067-1927 J9 WOUND REPAIR REGEN JI Wound Repair Regen. PD SEP-OCT PY 2001 VL 9 IS 5 BP 360 EP 370 DI 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00360.x PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Surgery SC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Surgery GA 509EQ UT WOS:000173133700006 PM 11896979 ER PT J AU Ogretmen, B Kraveka, JM Schady, D Usta, J Hannun, YA Obeid, LM AF Ogretmen, B Kraveka, JM Schady, D Usta, J Hannun, YA Obeid, LM TI Molecular mechanisms of ceramide-mediated telomerase inhibition in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE GENE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT HTERT; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; C-MYC; IN-VITRO; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; PROMOTER REGION; DNA-BINDING; TUMOR-CELLS AB This study was aimed at identifying the molecular mechanisms by which ceramide inhibits telomerase activity in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. C-6-ceramide (20 mum) caused a significant reduction of telomerase activity at 24 h as detected using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol, and this inhibition correlated with decreased telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein. Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Northern blot analyses showed that C-6-ceramide significantly decreased hTERT mRNA in a time-dependent manner. Electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift assays demonstrated that the binding activity of c-Myc transcription factor to the E-box sequence on the hTERT promoter was inhibited in response to C.-ceramide at 24 h. These results were also confirmed by transient transfections of A549 cells with pGL3-Basic plasmid constructs containing the functional hTERT promoter and its E-box deleted sequences cloned upstream of a luciferase reporter gene. Further analysis using RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that c-Myc protein but not its mRNA levels were decreased in response to C-6-ceramide at 24 h. The effects of ceramide on the c-Myc protein were shown to be due to a reduction in half-life via increased ubiquitination. Similar results were obtained by increased endogenous ceramide levels in response to nontoxic concentrations of daunorubicin, resulting in the inhibition of telomerase and c-Myc activities. Furthermore, the elevation of endogenous ceramide by overexpression of bacterial sphingomyelinase after transient transfections also induced the inhibition of telomerase activity with concomitant decreased hTERT and c-Myc protein levels. Taken together, these results show for the first time that both exogenons and endogenous ceramides mediate the modulation of telomerase activity via decreased hTERT promoter activity caused by rapid proteolysis of the ubiquitin-conjugated c-Myc transcription factor. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Biochem, Beirut, Lebanon. RP Ogretmen, B (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA87584]; NIA NIH HHS [AG16583, AG12467]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM43825] NR 66 TC 67 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 31 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 35 BP 32506 EP 32514 DI 10.1074/jbc.M101350200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 468EW UT WOS:000170746000019 PM 11441001 ER PT J AU Mummidi, S Catano, G Lam, L Hoefle, A Telles, V Begum, K Jimenez, F Ahuja, SS Ahuja, SK AF Mummidi, S Catano, G Lam, L Hoefle, A Telles, V Begum, K Jimenez, F Ahuja, SS Ahuja, SK TI Extensive repertoire of membrane-bound and soluble dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin 1 (DC-SIGN1) and DC-SIGN2 isoforms - Inter-individual variation in expression of DC-SIGN transcripts SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; C-TYPE LECTIN; PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; OPEN READING FRAME; T-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL; 5'-UNTRANSLATED REGION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; COMPLEMENTARY DNAS AB Expression in dendritic cells (DCs) of DC-SIGN, a type II membrane protein with a C-type lectin ectodomain, is thought to play an important role in establishing the initial contact between DCs and resting T cells. DC-SIGN is also a unique type of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) attachment factor and promotes efficient infection in trans of cells that express CD4 and chemokine receptors. We have identified another gene, designated here as DC-SIGN2, that exhibits high sequence homology with DC-SIGN. Here we demonstrate that alternative splicing of DC-SIGN1 (original version) and DC-SIGN2 pre-mRNA generates a large repertoire of DC-SIGN-like transcripts that are predicted to encode membrane-associated and soluble isoforms. The range of DC-SIGN1 mRNA expression was significantly broader than previously reported and included THP-1 monocytic cells, placenta, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and there was cell maturation/activation-induced differences in mRNA expression levels. Immunostaining of term placenta with a DC-SIGN1-specific antiserum showed that DC-SIGN1 is expressed on endothelial cells and CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-positive macrophage-like cells in the villi. DC-SIGN2 mRNA expression was high in the placenta and not detectable in PBMCs. In DCs, the expression of DC-SIGN2 transcripts was significantly lower than that of DC-SIGN1. Notably, there was significant inter-individual heterogeneity in the repertoire of DC-SIGN1 and DC-SIGN2 transcripts expressed. The genes for DC-SIGN1, DC-SIGN2, and CD23, another Type II lectin, colocalize to an similar to 85 kilobase pair region on chromosome 19p13.3, forming a cluster of related genes that undergo highly complex alternative splicing events. The molecular diversity of DC-SIGN-1 and -2 is reminiscent of that observed for certain other adhesive cell surface proteins involved in cell-cell connectivity. The generation of this large collection of polymorphic cell surface and soluble variants that exhibit inter-individual variation in expression levels has important implications for the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection, as well as for the molecular code required to establish complex interactions between antigen-presenting cells and T cells, i.e. the immunological synapse. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Mail Code 7880, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI46326, AI43279] NR 97 TC 77 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 31 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 35 BP 33196 EP 33212 DI 10.1074/jbc.M009807200 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 468EW UT WOS:000170746000106 PM 11337487 ER PT J AU Asthana, S Baker, LD Craft, S Stanczyk, FZ Veith, RC Raskind, MA Plymate, SR AF Asthana, S Baker, LD Craft, S Stanczyk, FZ Veith, RC Raskind, MA Plymate, SR TI High-dose estradiol improves cognition for women with AD - Results of a randomized study SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT World Alzheimer Congress 2000 CY JUL 09-18, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. ID ESTROGEN-REPLACEMENT THERAPY; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MEMORY FUNCTION; MOLECULAR-BASIS; RATING-SCALE AB Objective: To characterize the cognitive and neuroendocrine response to treatment with a high dose of estrogen for postmenopausal women with AD. Methods: Twenty postmenopausal women with AD were randomized to receive either 0.10 mg/day of 17 beta -estradiol by skin patch or a placebo patch for 8 weeks. Subjects were evaluated at baseline, at weeks 3, 5, and 8 during treatment, and again 8 weeks after treatment termination. During each visit, cognition was assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests, and blood samples were collected to measure plasma estradiol as well as several other neuroendocrine markers of interest. Results: Significant effects of estrogen treatment were observed on attention (Stroop Color Word Interference Test), verbal memory (Buschke Selective Reminding Test), and visual memory (Figure Copy/Memory). In addition, women treated with estrogen demonstrated improved performance on a test of semantic memory (Boston Naming Test) compared with subjects who received a placebo. Estrogen appeared to have a suppressive effect on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system such that plasma concentration of IGF binding protein-3 was significantly reduced and plasma levels of estradiol and IGF-I were negatively correlated during estrogen treatment. Conclusions: Administration of a higher dose of estrogen may enhance attention and memory for postmenopausal women with AD. Although these findings provide further clinical evidence to support a cognitive benefit of estrogen for women with AD, studies evaluating the effect of estradiol administration, in particular, using larger sample sizes and for longer treatment durations are warranted before the therapeutic potential of estrogen replacement for women with AD can be firmly established. C1 VA Puget Sound Health Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Asthana, S (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Health Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, A-182, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. EM sasthana@u.washington.edu NR 55 TC 177 Z9 183 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG 28 PY 2001 VL 57 IS 4 BP 605 EP 612 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 466BF UT WOS:000170623900007 PM 11524467 ER PT J AU Chartoff, EH Marck, BT Matsumoto, AM Dorsa, DM Palmiter, RD AF Chartoff, EH Marck, BT Matsumoto, AM Dorsa, DM Palmiter, RD TI Induction of stereotypy in dopamine-deficient mice requires striatal D1 receptor activation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; SUPER-SENSITIVITY; C-FOS; AMPHETAMINE; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE; SUPERSENSITIVITY; AGONISTS; BEHAVIOR; RATS; MICROINJECTION AB Motor stereotypies are abnormally repetitive behaviors that can develop with excessive dopaminergic stimulation and are features of some neurologic disorders. To investigate the mechanisms required for the induction of stereotypy, we examined the responses of dopamine-deficient (DD) mice to increasing doses of the dopamine precursor L-DOPA. DD mice lack the ability to synthesize dopamine (DA) specifically in dopaminergic neurons yet exhibit robust hyperlocomotion relative to wild-type (WT) mice when treated with L-DOPA, which restores striatal DA tissue content to approximate to 10% of WT levels. To further elevate brain DA content in DID mice, we administered the peripheral L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa along with L-DOPA (C/L-DOPA). When striatal DA levels reached > 50% of WT levels, a transition from hyperlocomotion to intense, focused stereotypy was observed that was correlated with an induction of c-fos mRNA in the ventrolateral and central striatum as well as the somatosensory cortex. WT mice were unaffected by C/L-DOPA treatments. A D1, but not a D2, receptor antagonist attenuated both the C/L-DOPA-induced stereotypy and the c-fos induction. Consistent with these results, stereotypy could be induced in DD mice by a DI, but not by a D2, receptor agonist, with neither agonist inducing stereotypy in WT mice. Intrastriatal injection of a D1 receptor antagonist ameliorated the stereotypy and c-fos induction by C/L-DOPA. These results indicate that activation of D1 receptors on a specific population of striatal neurons is required for the induction of stereotypy in DD mice. C1 Univ Washington, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Grad Program Neurobiol & Behav, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Palmiter, RD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Box 357370, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS020311, NS-20311] NR 37 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 28 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 18 BP 10451 EP 10456 DI 10.1073/pnas.181356498 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 468BJ UT WOS:000170738000077 PM 11517332 ER PT J AU Hamilton, ML Van Remmen, H Drake, JA Yang, H Guo, ZM Kewitt, K Walter, CA Richardson, A AF Hamilton, ML Van Remmen, H Drake, JA Yang, H Guo, ZM Kewitt, K Walter, CA Richardson, A TI Does oxidative damage to DNA increase with age? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; RAT-LIVER; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; DIFFERENT TISSUES; FISCHER-344 RATS; C57BL/6 MICE; NUCLEAR-DNA; REPAIR AB The levels of 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (oxo8dG) in DNA isolated from tissues of rodents (male F344 rats, male B6D2F1 mice, male C57BL/6 mice, and female C57BL/6 mice) of various ages were measured using sodium iodide to prevent oxidative damage to DNA during DNA isolation. Oxo8dG was measured in nuclear DNA (nDNA) isolated from liver, heart, brain, kidney, skeletal muscle, and spleen and in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) isolated from liver. We observed a significant increase in oxo8dG levels in nDNA with age in all tissues and strains of rodents studied. The age-related increase in oxo8dG in nDNA from old mice was shown not to the result of the tissue's reduced ability to remove the oxo8dG lesion. Rather, the increase in oxo8dG levels appears to arise from an age-related increase in the sensitivity of these tissues to oxidative stress. We also observed an age-related increase in oxo8dG in mtDNA isolated from the livers of the rats and mice. Dietary restriction, which is known to retard aging and increase the lifespan of rodents, was shown to significantly reduce the age-related accumulation of oxo8dG levels in nDNA in all tissues of male B6D23F1 mice and in most tissues of male F344 rats. Our study also showed that dietary restriction prevented the age-related increase in oxo8dG levels in mtDNA isolated from the livers of both rats and mice. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sam & Ann Bishop Ctr Longev & Aging Studies, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13319, P01AG14674, P03AG13319, P30 AG013319] NR 46 TC 433 Z9 452 U1 4 U2 27 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 28 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 18 BP 10469 EP 10474 DI 10.1073/pnas.171202698 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 468BJ UT WOS:000170738000080 PM 11517304 ER PT J AU Rader, AE Avery, A Wait, CL McGreevey, LS Faigel, D Heinrich, MC AF Rader, AE Avery, A Wait, CL McGreevey, LS Faigel, D Heinrich, MC TI Fine-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors using morphology, immunocytochemistry, and mutational analysis of c-kit SO CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Pathologists/College-of-American-Pathologis ts CY OCT 14-19, 2000 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Soc Clin Pahtologists, Coll Amer Pathologists DE gastrointestinal stromal tumor; GIST; cytology; fine-needle aspiration ID MUSCLE TUMORS; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS; PROGNOSIS; DOMAIN; CAJAL; GENE AB BACKGROUND. Differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) from other intramural mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract on fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) is difficult. Recent studies have shown that GISTs are immunophenotypically and genetically distinct. GISTs exhibit consistent immunohistochemical ex pression of CD-117 (KIT) and often express activating mutations of this protooncogene. The aim of the current study was to employ immunocytochemistry and mutational analysis of the c-kit gene to aid in the diagnosis of GISTs on FNAB. METHODS. Five endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNABs of gastrointestinal spindle cell neoplasms performed at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) in Portland, Oregon, from 1998-1999 were reviewed. A panel of immunocytochemical stains was performed on each cellblock including CD-117 (KIT), smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, S-100, and CD34. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted, and amplification of exons 9, 11, 13 and 17 of c-kit was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on CD-117 (KIT) and CD34 positive cases. Direct sequencing of amplicons identified the mutations. RESULTS. Five patients were diagnosed with GISTs based on morphology and immuno cyto chemical positivity for CD-117 and CD34. PCR analysis of c-kit exon 11 revealed three cases with novel-sized PCR bands in addition to the expected wild-type-sized PCR product. Amplicons from these cases contained an in-frame deletion mutation. One of the two cases with wild-type-;sized exon 11 amplicons was found to be heterozygous for a point mutation producing an amino acid substitution (W557R). No mutations in exon 9, 11, 13, or 17 of c-kit were found in the remaining case. CONCLUSIONS. Ancillary techniques such as immuno cyto chemistry and c-kit gene mutational analysis may aid in the diagnosis of GISTs on FNABs. (C) 2001 American Cancer Society. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Hematol & Oncol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Portland, OR USA. Canc Pathol Core Facil, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Portland, OR USA. RP Rader, AE (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, L471,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 25 TC 69 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER CYTOPATHOL JI Cancer Cytopathol. PD AUG 25 PY 2001 VL 93 IS 4 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1002/cncr.9041 PG 7 WC Oncology; Pathology SC Oncology; Pathology GA 464DX UT WOS:000170518900007 PM 11507701 ER PT J AU Szot, P Weinshenker, D Rho, JM Storey, TW Schwartzkroin, PA AF Szot, P Weinshenker, D Rho, JM Storey, TW Schwartzkroin, PA TI Norepinephrine is required for the anticonvulsant effect of the ketogenic diet SO DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ketogenic diet; flurothyl; norepinephrine; dopamine beta-hydroxylase; mouse; pediatric epilepsy ID RAT-BRAIN; LOCUS-COERULEUS; MONOAMINE LEVELS; CARBAMAZEPINE; MICE; SEIZURES; STIMULATION; HYDROXYLASE; CERULEUS; REGIONS AB Ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate diet used to treat children with epilepsy that are refractory to conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The anticonvulsant mechanism of the KD is unknown. To determine if the noradrenergic system has a role in mediating the anticonvulsant action of the KD, dopamine beta -hydroxylase knockout (Dbh -/-) mice that lack norepinephrine (NE) and Dbh +/- littermates that have normal NE content were fed either a standard rodent chow or the KD. When exposed to the convulsant flurothyl, Dbh +/- mice fed the KD had significantly longer latencies to myoclonic jerk (MJ) and generalized clonic-tonic (CT) seizures than Dbh +/- mice fed normal chow. In contrast, Dbh mice fed the KD had seizure latencies to both MJ and CT comparable to Dbh -/- mice fed normal chow. These results suggest that an intact, functional noradrenergic nervous system is required for the KD to exert an anticonvulsant effect. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Physiol Biophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Szot, P (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 39 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-3806 J9 DEV BRAIN RES JI Dev. Brain Res. PD AUG 23 PY 2001 VL 129 IS 2 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0165-3806(01)00213-9 PG 4 WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 475VM UT WOS:000171190300009 ER PT J AU Lieberman, DA Weiss, DG Harford, WV Ahnen, DJ Provenzale, D Sontag, SJ Schnell, TG Chejfec, G Campbell, DR Durbin, TE Bond, JH Nelson, DB Ewing, SL Triadafilopoulos, G Ramirez, FC Lee, JG Collins, JF Fennerty, B Johnston, TK Corless, CL McQuaid, KR Garewal, H Sampliner, RE Morales, TG Fass, R Smith, RE Maheshwari, Y AF Lieberman, DA Weiss, DG Harford, WV Ahnen, DJ Provenzale, D Sontag, SJ Schnell, TG Chejfec, G Campbell, DR Durbin, TE Bond, JH Nelson, DB Ewing, SL Triadafilopoulos, G Ramirez, FC Lee, JG Collins, JF Fennerty, B Johnston, TK Corless, CL McQuaid, KR Garewal, H Sampliner, RE Morales, TG Fass, R Smith, RE Maheshwari, Y CA Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study TI One-time screening for colorectal cancer with combined fecal occult-blood testing and examination of the distal colon SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; HEMOCCULT; MORTALITY; SENSITIVITY; COLONOSCOPY; NEOPLASIA; TRIAL AB Background: Fecal occult-blood testing and sigmoidoscopy have been recommended for screening for colorectal cancer, but the sensitivity of such combined testing for detecting neoplasia is uncertain. At 13 Veterans Affairs medical centers, we performed colonoscopy to determine the prevalence of neoplasia and the sensitivity of one-time screening with a fecal occult-blood test plus sigmoidoscopy. Methods: Asymptomatic subjects (age range, 50 to 75 years) provided stool specimens on cards from three consecutive days for fecal occult-blood testing, which were rehydrated for interpretation. They then underwent colonoscopy. Sigmoidoscopy was defined as examination of the rectum and sigmoid colon during colonoscopy, and sensitivity was estimated by determining how many patients with advanced neoplasia had an adenoma in the rectum or sigmoid colon. Advanced colonic neoplasia was defined as an adenoma 10 mm or more in diameter, a villous adenoma, an adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, or invasive cancer. Results: A total of 2885 subjects returned the three specimen cards for fecal occult-blood testing and underwent a complete colonoscopic examination. A total of 23.9 percent of subjects with advanced neoplasia had a positive test for fecal occult blood. As compared with subjects who had a negative test for fecal occult blood, the relative risk of advanced neoplasia in subjects who had a positive test was 3.47 (95 percent confidence interval, 2.76 to 4.35). Sigmoidoscopy identified 70.3 percent of all subjects with advanced neoplasia. Combined one-time screening with a fecal occult-blood test and sigmoidoscopy identified 75.8 percent of subjects with advanced neoplasia. Conclusions: One-time screening with both a fecal occult-blood test with rehydration and sigmoidoscopy fails to detect advanced colonic neoplasia in 24 percent of subjects with the condition. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Perry Point, MD USA. RP Lieberman, DA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, P3-GI,POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 24 TC 366 Z9 381 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 23 PY 2001 VL 345 IS 8 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa010328 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 464ZH UT WOS:000170562900001 PM 11529208 ER PT J AU Peng, CC Aspinall, SL Good, CB AF Peng, CC Aspinall, SL Good, CB TI Update in pulmonary disease SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID ACUTE EXACERBATIONS C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Peng, CC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD AUG 21 PY 2001 VL 135 IS 4 BP 301 EP 301 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 465KE UT WOS:000170587500014 PM 11511150 ER PT J AU Goetz, MB Boscardin, WJ Wiley, D Alkasspooles, S AF Goetz, MB Boscardin, WJ Wiley, D Alkasspooles, S TI Decreased recovery of CD4 lymphocytes in older HIV-infected patients beginning highly active antiretroviral therapy SO AIDS LA English DT Article ID PROTEASE INHIBITOR; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION; CLINICAL PROGRESSION; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; AGE; DETERMINANTS; COHORT AB Among virological responders, the area under the curve of the CD4 count minus baseline (AUCMB) after 3, 9, 15 and 18 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was less in individuals 55 years or older (P < 0.05). Fewer older individuals achieved increases of 50, 100, or over 150 CD4 cells/mul. A random quadratic time course model estimated that the AUCMB decreased 35 cells/year for each 10 years of additional age during the first 12 months after HAART (P < 0.005). C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Primary Care Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 17 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 17 PY 2001 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1576 EP 1579 DI 10.1097/00002030-200108170-00017 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 463KA UT WOS:000170474300017 PM 11504992 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Dogan, A Todd, KG Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Dogan, A Todd, KG Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ TI Neuroprotection by memantine, a non-competitive antagonist after traumatic brain injury NMDA receptor in rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE excitotoxicity; glutamate antagonist; memantine; neuroprotection; secondary neuronal death; traumatic brain injury ID METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; CHANNEL BLOCKER MEMANTINE; GLUTAMATE; ISCHEMIA; PHARMACOTHERAPY; HYPOTHERMIA; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; BINDING AB This study investigated whether memantine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist is neuroprotective after traumatic brain injury (TBI) induced in adult rats with a controlled cortical impact device. TBI led to significant neuronal death in the hippocampal CA2 and CA3 regions (by 50 and 59%, respectively), by 7 days after the injury. Treatment of rats with memantine (10 and 20 mg/Kg, i.p.) immediately after the injury significantly prevented the neuronal loss in both CA2 and CA3 regions. This is the first study showing the neuroprotective potential of memantine to prevent the TBI-induced neuronal damage. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Psychiat, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Dempsey, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, H4-336 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28000, NS31220] NR 30 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD AUG 17 PY 2001 VL 911 IS 1 BP 96 EP 100 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 468JC UT WOS:000170753500012 PM 11489449 ER PT J AU Kanter, ED Wilkinson, CW Radant, AD Petrie, EC Dobie, DJ McFall, ME Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Kanter, ED Wilkinson, CW Radant, AD Petrie, EC Dobie, DJ McFall, ME Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Glucocorticoid feedback sensitivity and adrenocortical responsiveness in posttraumatic stress disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE PTSD; adrenal cortex; ACTH; cortisol; metyrapone; DHEA ID CORTICOSTEROID-BINDING GLOBULIN; DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; PLASMA-CORTISOL; VIETNAM VETERANS; RECEPTOR BALANCE; DEPRESSION; COMBAT; BRAIN; COMORBIDITY AB Background: Decreased basal cortisol levels have been reported in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is evidence for enhanced negative feedback sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in PTSD, which could account for this, but other possible mechanisms have not been ruled out. We examined the HPA axis employing a metyrapone-cortisol infusion protocol designed to study negative feedback sensitivity. Methods: Vietnam combat trauma-exposed subjects met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. Exclusion criteria included substance abuse and most medications. Endogenozis feedback inhibition was removed by blocking cortisol synthesis with oral metyrapone and reintroduced by intravenous infusion of cortisol. In a placebo condition, subjects received oral placebo and normal saline infusion. Serial blood samples drawn over 4 hours, were assayed for adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and 11-deoxycortisol. Selected samples were assayed for cortisol binding globulin (CBG) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Results: Basal plasma cortisol was significantly decreased in PTSD subjects (n = 13) compared with control subjects (n = 16). No significant difference in the ACTH response to cortisol infusion following metyrapone was observed: however 11-deoxycortisol was significantly decreased in PTSD subjects. In addition, CBG was significantly increased in PTSD subjects, and DHEA was significantly decreased in both PTSD and combat-exposed control subjects. Conclusions: These observations suggest decreased adrenocortical responsiveness may be an additional or alternative mechanism accounting for low cortisol in PTSD. (C) 2001 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr 116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kanter, ED (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr 116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 42 TC 100 Z9 102 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 50 IS 4 BP 238 EP 245 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01158-1 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 466QF UT WOS:000170655700002 PM 11522257 ER PT J AU Evans, RL Hendricks, RD AF Evans, RL Hendricks, RD TI Comparison of subacute rehabilitative care with outpatient primary medical care SO DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID STROKE REHABILITATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; ADJUSTMENT; TRIAL AB Purpose: Prior rehabilitation outcome studies have had many weaknesses, but they gradually observe a lack of long-term benefits from inpatient care alone. The goal of this study was to measure the additive effect of outpatient. subacute rehabilitation (compared with usual outpatient primary medical care) for adults diagnosed with a disabling disorder in four major diagnostic groups (nervous. circulatory, musculoskeletal and injury). Method: A randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the effects of outpatient. subacute rehabilitative care on: (1) physical function, (2) health; (3) well being; (4) family function: and (5) social support. Patients hospitalized for the first time with a disabling condition (n = 180) were provided inpatient rehabilitation and then were randomly assigned to either outpatient. subacute rehabilitation at home (n = 90) or to usual outpatient follow-up (n = 90) in which only primary care medical services were provided. To compare the two groups. univariate analyses of covariance were conducted for the outcome variables. Results: The major finding of this study was that of no significant eff:ct of the intervention on any outcome variable. Conclusions : Based on current study results, we conclude that any long term additive benefit of outpatient, subacute rehabilitation may not be detectable across disability categories and may require closer evaluation in studies with a more homogeneous population than in the current study. Providing complex follow-up case management services to all clients is apparently not beneficial and might better be provided using selection criteria based on need. Future studies should determine if services are more effective when provided to those with the most unmet rehabilitative needs. Further outpatient, subacute care rehabilitation studies should address the specific needs of the patients and be adapted individually to those needs. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98136 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Social Work, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Evans, RL (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way S-182-SW, Seattle, WA 98136 USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0963-8288 J9 DISABIL REHABIL JI Disabil. Rehabil. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 23 IS 12 BP 531 EP 538 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 446ZL UT WOS:000169544000005 PM 11432650 ER PT J AU Georges, F Aston-Jones, G AF Georges, F Aston-Jones, G TI Potent regulation of midbrain dopamine neurons by the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dopamine neurons; ventral tegmental area; bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; depolarization blockade; noradrenaline-dopamine interactions; extracellular recording techniques ID VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; RAT; CONNECTIONS; TRANSPORT; AMYGDALA; REGION; PART AB Recent studies have revealed an important role of the ventrolateral (subcommissural) aspect of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vBNST) in motivational aspects of drug abuse (Delfs et al., 2000). Dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have also long been linked to motivation and drug abuse (Koob and Le Moal, 2001). The present study tested whether activity in the vBNST influences discharge of midbrain DA neurons. Responses of DA neurons in the VTA to activation of the vBNST were characterized in anesthetized rats using extracellular recording techniques. Electrical or chemical [10-50 mM glutamate (Glu)] stimulation of the vBNST consistently activated DA cells (122% increase in activity with 50 mM Glu). However, stronger chemical stimulation of the vBNST (100 mM Glu) completely inactivated DA neurons. In addition, apomorphine restored the activity of DA neurons that were inactivated by 100 mM Glu stimulation of the vBNST, indicating possible depolarization blockade of DA cells by vBNST activity. These findings reveal that the vBNST exerts a strong excitatory influence on DA neurons. Also striking was the finding that chemical stimulation (50 mM Glu) of the vBNST yielded long-lasting oscillatory activity (>15 min) in VTA DA neurons. These results indicate that the vBNST can generate long-lasting alterations in the activity of DA neurons in vivo. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Aston-Jones, G (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06214] NR 21 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 16 BP art. no. EP RC160 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 460PR UT WOS:000170318200002 PM 11473131 ER PT J AU Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA AF Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA TI Effect of hypoxia on the hypopnoeic and apnoeic threshold for CO2 in sleeping humans SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Article ID VENTILATORY RESPONSES; HEART-FAILURE; HIGH-ALTITUDE; BRAIN-STEM; APNEA; ACETAZOLAMIDE; HYPOCAPNIA; NEURONS; DOGS; INHIBITION AB 1. Rhythmic breathing during sleep requires that P-CO2 be maintained above a sensitive hypocapnic apnoeic threshold. Hypoxia causes periodic breathing during sleep that can be prevented or eliminated with supplemental CO2. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hypoxia in changing the difference between the eupnocic P-CO2 and the P-CO2 required to produce hypopnoea or apnoea (hywpopnoea/apnoeic threshold) in sleeping humans. 2. The effect of hypoxia on eupnoeic end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 (P-ET,P-CO2) and hypopnoea/apnoeic threshold P-ET,P-CO2 was examined in seven healthy, sleeping human subjects. A bilevel pressure support ventilator in a spontaneous mode was used to reduce P-ET,P-CO2 in small decrements by increasing the inspiratory pressure level by 2 cmH(2)O every 2 min until hypopnoea (failure to trigger the ventilator) or apnoea (no breathing effort) occurred. Multiple trials were performed (luring both normoxia and hypoxia (arterial O-2 saturation, S-a,S-O2 = 80%) in a random order, The hypopuoea/apnoeic threshold was determined by averaging P-ET,P-CO2('01-1 Of the last three breaths prior to each hypopnoea or apnoea. 3. Hypopnoeas and apnoeas were induced in all subjects during both normoxia and hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced the eupnoeic P-ET,P-CO2 compared to normoxia (42.4 +/- 1.3 vs, 45.0 +/- 1.1 mmHg, P < 0.001). However, no change was observed in either the hypopnoeic threshold P-ET,P-CO2 (42.1 +/- 1.4 vs. 43.0 +/- 1.2 mmHg, P > 0.05) or the apnoeic threshold P-ET,P-CO2 (41.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 41.6 +/- 1.0 mmHg, P > 0.05). Thus, the difference in P-ET,P-CO2 between the eupnoeic and threshold levels was much smaller during hypoxia than during, normoxia (-0.2 +/- 0.2 vs. -2.0 +/- 0.3 mmHg, P < 0.01 for the hypopnoea threshold and -1.1 +/- 0.2 vs. -3.4 +/- 0.3 mmHg, P < 0.01 for the apnoeic threshold). We concluded that hypoxia causes a narrowing of the difference between the baseline P-ET,P-CO2 and the hypopnoea/apnoeic threshold P-ET,P-CO2, which could increase the likelihood of ventilatory instability. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Physiol Lab, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Xie, AL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Physiol Lab, Dept Med, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL62561-02] NR 42 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD AUG 15 PY 2001 VL 535 IS 1 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.00269.x PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 468AG UT WOS:000170735500025 PM 11507176 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Ghajarnia, M AF Mendez, MF Ghajarnia, M TI Agnosia for familiar faces and odors in a patient with right temporal lobe dysfunction SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; PROSOPAGNOSIA; RECOGNITION AB The authors studied a 53-year-old man with progressive prosopagnosia and inability to recognize his favorite foods by smell. He could not identify pictures of familiar faces, but he could match unfamiliar faces and distinguish them from familiar ones. He could not identify familiar odors, but he could detect them and could perceive them as pleasant or familiar. Neuroimaging revealed temporal lobe changes, especially on the right. Right temporal lesions may produce face and odor agnosia by preventing perceptual familiarity units from accessing semantic associations. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Dept Neurol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD AUG 14 PY 2001 VL 57 IS 3 BP 519 EP 521 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462FR UT WOS:000170410500030 PM 11502924 ER PT J AU Staudinger, R Wang, XH Bandres, JC AF Staudinger, R Wang, XH Bandres, JC TI Allosteric regulation of CCR5 by guanine nucleotides and HIV-1 envelope SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE chemokine receptor; CCR5; G-protein-coupled receptor; HIV-1 envelope; macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta; guanine nucleotides ID CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR-5; CHEMOTACTIC CYTOKINES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CORECEPTOR ACTIVITY; TROPIC HIV-1; PROTEIN; ENTRY; INFECTION; BINDING; MIP-1-ALPHA AB The chemokine receptor CCR5 is the principal coreceptor for R5 (macrophage-tropic) strains of HIV-1. CCR5 uses G-proteins as transducing elements. Here we report the biochemical consequences of the interaction between CCR5 and G-proteins. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1 beta) binding to CCR5 was potently and specifically inhibited by guanine nucleotides. The molecular mechanism of this inhibitory effect was shown to be a dose-dependent reduction in MIP-1 beta receptors. We also show that the MIP-1 beta binding site is allosterically regulated by monovalent cations and that binding of this endogenous agonist is highly temperature sensitive and dependent on divalent cations, characteristic of a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein decreased the affinity of CCR5 for MIP-1 beta but also altered the kinetics of MIP-1 beta binding to CCR5, proving that it interacts with a distinct, but allosterically coupled binding site. The findings described herein contribute to our understanding of how CCR5 interacts with chemokines and HIV-1 envelope. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY USA. RP Bandres, JC (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, 130 Kingsbridge Rd,ID Sect 111F, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-07382-09] NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD AUG 10 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5345 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 464DZ UT WOS:000170519100007 PM 11485305 ER PT J AU Sudhakar, S Katz, MS Elango, N AF Sudhakar, S Katz, MS Elango, N TI Analysis of type-I and type-II RUNX2 protein expression in osteoblasts SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE osteoblast differentiation; transcription factor; RUNX2 specific antibodies; translational regulation ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA; OSTEOCALCIN GENE; BONE-FORMATION; CBFA1; DIFFERENTIATION; MOUSE; BETA; PROMOTER; DOMAIN AB Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) is expressed as two isoforms (type-I and type-II) differing only in their amino terminal sequences. The ami-no terminus of type-I contains MRIPV instead of MASNSLF-SAVTPCQQSFFW in type-II. Although type-II mRNA has been considered osteoblast specific, the RUNX2 protein isoforms expressed in osteoblasts have not yet been identified. Using antisera generated against the two different amino terminal sequences of type-I and type-Il RUNX2, we show the expression of both isoforms in cells with the mature osteoblast phenotype (fetal rat calvarial cells, and ROS 17/2.8, SaOS-2 and U2OS osteosarcoma cell lines), but only type-I in partially differentiated osteoblast-like cells (the LTAM-106 osteosarcoma cell line). Since LTMR-106 cells express both type-I and type-II mRNAs, our results suggest that the translation of type-II mRNA is repressed in these cells. No RUNX1 and RUNX3 proteins are detected in any of the osteoblastic cells tested. The antisera we have generated will be useful for studies relating expression of RUNX2 isoforms to control of osteoblast differentiation. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst,Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Elango, N (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 35 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD AUG 10 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 1 BP 74 EP 79 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5363 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 464DZ UT WOS:000170519100012 PM 11485310 ER PT J AU Ghosh-Choudhury, N Choudhury, GG Harris, MA Wozney, J Mundy, GR Harris, SE AF Ghosh-Choudhury, N Choudhury, GG Harris, MA Wozney, J Mundy, GR Harris, SE TI Autoregulation of mouse BMP-2 gene transcription is directed by the proximal promoter element SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE BMP-2 mRNA initiation sites; transcriptional regulation; BMP-2 autoinduction ID BONE; DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOBLASTS; RECEPTOR AB Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) stimulates the commitment and differentiation of precursor mesenchymal cells to mature bone. We have isolated and sequenced 2712 base pairs (bp) of the 5 ' flanking region of mouse BMP-2 gene. Using RNase protection assay we identified two transcription initiation sites within this 2712 bp region of the BAM-2 gene. The distal start site was mapped to -736 bp in relation to the proximal start site (+1). Recombinant BMP-2 preferentially stimulated transcription initiation from the proximal start site. To investigate the mechanism of transcription initiation from these two start sites, we identified two promoter elements upstream of the proximal and distal transcription initiation sites. Transfection of promoter-luciferase reporter constructs into cells of different organs demonstrated differential transcriptional activity of proximal and distal promoters, with highest activity in the osteoblast cell lineage. In osteoblasts, BMP-2 stimulated transcription from the proximal promoter only. Together our data provide the first evidence for the presence of two transcription initiation sites with two upstream promoter elements in mouse BMP-2 gene. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time that BMP-2 autoregulates its expression in osteoblasts through the proximal promoter-dependent transcriptional mechanism. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. Genet Inst Inc, Andover, MA USA. RP Ghosh-Choudhury, N (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR07464, AR 28149, AR 44728]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 50190, DK 55815] NR 21 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD AUG 10 PY 2001 VL 286 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5351 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 464DZ UT WOS:000170519100016 PM 11485314 ER PT J AU Filley, CM Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK AF Filley, CM Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK TI Current concepts: Toxic leukoencephalopathy. SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBRAL WHITE-MATTER; SOLVENT VAPOR ABUSE; ABSTINENT ALCOHOLICS; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; TOLUENE ABUSE; BRAIN CHANGES; ATROPHY; ENCEPHALOPATHY; METHOTREXATE C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, UCHSC B-183,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 60 TC 152 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 5 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 9 PY 2001 VL 345 IS 6 BP 425 EP 432 DI 10.1056/NEJM200108093450606 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 460EJ UT WOS:000170295000006 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Richardson, PA Everhart, JE AF El-Serag, HB Richardson, PA Everhart, JE TI The role of diabetes in hepatocellular carcinoma: A case-control study among United States veterans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY LIVER-CANCER; C VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-C; RISK-FACTORS; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; CIRRHOSIS; MELLITUS; PROGRESSION; DISEASE; TAIWAN AB OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported to increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We carried out a case-control study to examine the role of DM while controlling for several known risk factors of HCC. METHODS: All hospitalized patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) during 1997-1999 were identified in the computerized database of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Patient Treatment File. Controls without cancer were randomly assigned from the Patient Treatment File during the same time period. The inpatient and outpatient files were searched for several conditions including DM, hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), alcoholic cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, and nonspecific cirrhosis. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated in a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS: We identified 823 patients with PLC and 3459 controls. The case group was older (62 yr [+/- 10] vs 60 [+/- 11], p < 0.0001). had more men (99% vs 97%. 0.0004), and a greater frequency of nonwhites (66% vs 71%, 0.0009) compared with controls. However, HCV- and HBV-infected patients were younger among cases than controls. Risk factors that were significantly more frequent among PLC cases included HCV (34% vs 5%, p < 0.0001), HBV (11% vs 2%. p < 0.0001), alcoholic cirrhosis (47% vs 6%, p < 0.0001). hemochromatosis (2% vs 0.3%, p < 0.0001), autoimmune hepatitis (5% vs 0.5%. p < 0.0001), and diabetes (33% vs 30%. p = 0.059). In the multivariable logistic regression, diabetes was associated with a significant increase in the adjusted OR of PLC (1.57, 1.08-2.28, p = 0.02) in the presence of HCV, HBV. or alcoholic cirrhosis. Without markers of chronic liver disease, the adjusted OR for diabetes and PLC was not significantly increased (1.08, 0.86-1.18. p = 0.4). There was an increase in the HCV adjusted OR (17.27, 95% CI = 11.98-24.89) and HBV (9.22, 95% Cl = 4.52-18.80) after adjusting for the younger age of HCV- and HBV-infected cases. The combined presence of HCV and alcoholic cirrhosis further increases the risk with an adjusted OR of 79.21 (60.29-103.41). The population attributable fraction for HCV among hospitalized veterans was 44.8%, whereas that of alcoholic cirrhosis was 51%. CONCLUSION: DM increased the risk of PLC only in the presence of other risk factors such as hepatitis C or B or alcoholic cirrhosis. Hepatitis C infection and alcoholic cirrhosis account for most of PLC among veterans. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NIDDKD, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 38 TC 154 Z9 156 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 96 IS 8 BP 2462 EP 2467 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.04054.x PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 462TA UT WOS:000170434800036 PM 11513191 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM AF Gralnek, IM TI Diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the primary care setting: Can health-related quality of life play a role? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Ctr Study Digest Healthcare Qual & Outcomes, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gralnek, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Ctr Study Digest Healthcare Qual & Outcomes, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,CURE Bldg 115 Room 318, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 96 IS 8 SU S BP S54 EP S56 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02586-2 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 463PH UT WOS:000170484200012 PM 11510772 ER PT J AU Cook, AF Hoas, H Joyner, JC AF Cook, AF Hoas, H Joyner, JC TI No secrets on main street SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Montana, Natl Rural Bioeth Project, Rural Inst, Curry Hlth Ctr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Off Gen Counsel, Washington, DC USA. RP Cook, AF (reprint author), Univ Montana, Natl Rural Bioeth Project, Rural Inst, Curry Hlth Ctr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 101 IS 8 BP 67 EP + PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 529AA UT WOS:000174276800032 PM 12134788 ER PT J AU Andress, DL AF Andress, DL TI IGF-binding protein-5 stimulates osteoblast activity and bone accretion in ovariectomized mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE bone formation; bone mineral density; estrogen deficiency ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; CELLS; RESORPTION; HORMONE; PROLIFERATION; ESTRADIOL; OSTEOPOROSIS; MITOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS AB Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) is an osteoblast secretory protein that becomes incorporated into the mineralized bone matrix. In osteoblast cultures, IGFBP-5 stimulates cell proliferation by an IGF-independent mechanism. To evaluate whether IGFBP-5 can stimulate osteoblast activity and enhance bone accretion in a mouse model of osteoblast insufficiency, daily subcutaneous injections of either intact [IGFBP-5 (intact)] or carboxy-truncated IGFBP-5 [IGFBP-5-(1-169)] were given to ovariectomized (OVX) mice for 8 wk. Femur and spine bone mineral density (BMD), measured every 2 wk, showed early and sustained increases in response to IGFBP-5. Bone histomorphometry of cancellous bone showed significant elevations in the bone formation rate in both the femur metaphysis [IGFBP-5(1-169)] only) and spine compared with OVX controls. IGFBP-5 also stimulated osteoblast number in the femur IGFBP-5-( 1-169) only) and spine. These data indicate that IGFBP-5 effectively enhances bone formation and bone accretion in OVX mice by stimulating osteoblast activity. The finding that IGFBP-5-(1-169) is bioactive in vivo indicates that the carboxy-terminal portion is not required for this bone anabolic effect. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Andress, DL (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, 111A,1660 S Columbian Wy, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR-44911] NR 27 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 281 IS 2 BP E283 EP E288 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 460HV UT WOS:000170302900011 PM 11440904 ER PT J AU Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Blume, AW McKnight, P Marlatt, GA AF Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Blume, AW McKnight, P Marlatt, GA TI Brief intervention for heavy-drinking college students: 4-year follow-up and natural history SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL-USE; BINGE-DRINKING; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; SUBSTANCE USE; CONSEQUENCES; TRANSITION; DRINKERS; ABUSE AB Objectives. This study examined long-term response to an individual preventive intervention for highrisk college drinkers relative to the natural history of college drinking. Methods. A single-session, individualized preventive intervention was evaluated within a randomized controlled trial with college freshmen who reported drinking heavily while in high school. An additional group randomly selected from the entire screening pool provided a normative comparison. Participant self-report was assessed annually for 4 years. Results. High-risk controls showed secular trends for reduced drinking quantity and negative consequences without changes in drinking frequency. Those receiving the brief preventive intervention reported significant additional reductions, particularly with respect to negative consequences. Categorical individual change analyses show that remission is normative, and they suggest that participants receiving the brief intervention are more likely to improve and less likely to worsen regarding negative drinking consequences. Conclusions. Brief individual preventive interventions for high-risk college drinkers can achieve longterm benefits even in the context of maturational trends. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baer, JS (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, S116-ATC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R37 AA05591, F32 AA005591] NR 43 TC 264 Z9 264 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2001 VL 91 IS 8 BP 1310 EP 1316 DI 10.2105/AJPH.91.8.1310 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 461BT UT WOS:000170345600038 PM 11499124 ER PT J AU Livingston, EH Harwell, JD AF Livingston, EH Harwell, JD TI Peer review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material DE medical staff; privileges; National Practitioners Data Bank; Health Care Quality Improvement Act ID IMMUNITY AB Peer review is essential for ensuring quality medical care. In the 1980s a physician-plaintiff prevailed in lawsuit filed against peer reviewers who excluded the physician from a hospital's medical staff. The peer reviewers had acted to preserve their own economic interests. A multimillion-dollar verdict against the peer reviewers destroyed the community's only multispecialty practice and received national attention. Congress reacted by passing the Health Care Quality Improvement Act that granted sweeping, legal immunity for peer reviewers but also created the National Practitioner's Data Bank. The combination of the establishment of a public repository for physicians malpractice and medical staff privileging activity in combination with the near complete legal protection of peer reviewers has converted peer review from an evaluative to a punitive process. The peer review process and the laws that govern it should be reformed to regain its ability to improve and assure quality without being a, threat to physicians. (C) 2001 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Livingston, EH (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Box 95-6904, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 182 IS 2 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00679-1 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 477PA UT WOS:000171292400001 PM 11574078 ER PT J AU Brody, AL Saxena, S Mandelkern, MA Fairbanks, LA Ho, ML Baxter, LR AF Brody, AL Saxena, S Mandelkern, MA Fairbanks, LA Ho, ML Baxter, LR TI Brain metabolic changes associated with symptom factor improvement in major depressive disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE positron emission tomography; major depression; anxiety; psychomotor retardation; prefrontal cortex; anterior cingulate gyrus ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; DOUBLE-BLIND; FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MOOD DISORDERS; ANXIETY; PLACEBO; SADNESS AB Background: Symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) have been linked to regional brain function through imaging studies of symptom provocation in normal control subjects and baseline studies of subjects with MDD. We examined associations between change in depressive symptom factors and change in regional brain metabolism from before to after treatment of MDD. Methods: Thirty-nine outpatients with MDD underwent F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning before and after treatment with either paroxetine or interpersonal psychotherapy. Associations were determined between changes in regional brain metabolism and changes in four Hamilton Depression Rating Scale factors (anxiety/somatization [ANX], psychomotor retardation [PR], cognitive disturbance [COGN], and sleep disturbance and two corresponding Profile of Mood States subscales (tension [TENS] and fatigue [FATIG]). Results: Improvement in ANX, PR, TENS, and FATIG,factors was associated with decreasing ventral frontal lobe metabolism. Improvement in ANX and TENS was also associated with decreasing ventral anterior cingulate gyrus (AC) and anterior insula activity, whereas improvement in PR was associated with increasing dorsal AC activity. COGN improvement was associated with increasing dorsolateral prefrontal cortex metabolism. Conclusions: Brain regions that show significant relationships with symptom provocation in normal control subjects have similar relationships with MDD symptoms as they improve with treatment. (C) 2001 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med & Mol Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurobiol, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Brody, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 300 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 2340, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-53565] NR 48 TC 130 Z9 137 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 50 IS 3 BP 171 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01117-9 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 463AJ UT WOS:000170454400003 PM 11513815 ER PT J AU Anderson, JE Tefferi, A Craig, F Holmberg, L Chauncey, T Appelbaum, FR Guardiola, P Callander, N Freytes, C Gazitt, Y Razvillas, B Deeg, HJ AF Anderson, JE Tefferi, A Craig, F Holmberg, L Chauncey, T Appelbaum, FR Guardiola, P Callander, N Freytes, C Gazitt, Y Razvillas, B Deeg, HJ TI Myeloablation and autologous peripheral blood stem cell rescue results in hematologic and clinical responses in patients with myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW FIBROSIS; IDIOPATHIC MYELOFIBROSIS; MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; PROGENITOR CELLS; SECONDARY MYELOFIBROSIS; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; SCORING SYSTEM; TRANSPLANTATION; PROLIFERATION; EXPERIENCE AB Current therapeutic options for myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis (MMM) are limited. A pilot study was conducted of autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection in 27, followed by transplantation in 21 patients with MMM. The median age was 59 (range 45-75) years. PBSCs were mobilized at steady state (n = 2), after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone (n = 17), or after anthracycline-cytarabine induction plus G-CSF (n = 8). A median of 11.6 X 10(6) (range 0 to 410 x 10(6)) CD34(+) cells per kilogram were collected. Twenty-one patients then underwent myeloablation with oral busulfan (16 mg/kg) and PBSC transplantation. The median times to neutrophil and platelet recovery after transplantation were 21 (range 10-96) and 21 (range, 13 to greater than or equal to 246) days, respectively. Five patients received back-up PBSC infusion because of delayed neutrophil or platelet recovery. The median follow-up is 390 (range 70-1623) days after transplantation, and the 2-year actuarial survival Is 61%. After transplantion, 6 patients died: 3 of nonrelapse causes (1 within 100 days of PBSC infusion) and 3 of disease progression. Erythroid response (hemoglobin greater than or equal to 100 g/L [10 gm/dL] without transfusion for greater than or equal to 8 weeks) occurred in 10 of 17 anemic patients. Four of 8 patients with a platelet count less than 100 x 10(9)/L (100 000/muL) responded with a durable platelet count more than 100 x 10(9)/L (100 000/muL). Symptomatic splenomegaly improved In 7 of 10 patients. It is concluded that (1) PBSC collection was feasible and stable engraftment occurred after transplantation In most patients with MMM, (2) myeloablation with busulfan was associated with acceptable toxicity, (3) a significant proportion of patients derived clinical benefit after treatment, and (4) further investigation of this novel approach is warranted. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Hematol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Seattle Vet Adm Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. Hop St Louis, Paris, France. RP Anderson, JE (reprint author), Katmai Oncol Grp, 3260 Providence Dr,Suite 526, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-18029, CA-87948]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-36444] NR 25 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 3 BP 586 EP 593 DI 10.1182/blood.V98.3.586 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 456QY UT WOS:000170094800016 PM 11468154 ER PT J AU Huang, M Batra, RK Kogai, T Lin, YQ Hershman, JM Lichtenstein, A Sharma, S Zhu, LX Brent, GA Dubinett, SM AF Huang, M Batra, RK Kogai, T Lin, YQ Hershman, JM Lichtenstein, A Sharma, S Zhu, LX Brent, GA Dubinett, SM TI Ectopic expression of the thyroperoxidase gene augments radioiodide uptake and retention mediated by the sodium iodide symporter in non-small cell lung cancer SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE gene therapy; NIS/TPO; lung cancer ID SODIUM/IODIDE SYMPORTER; NA+/I SYMPORTER; MESSENGER-RNA; THYROID-CELLS; TRANSPORT; THERAPY; TISSUE; TUMORS; ACID AB Radioiodide is an effective therapy for thyroid cancer. This treatment modality exploits the thyroid-specific expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene, which allows rapid internalization of iodide into thyroid cells. To test whether a similar treatment strategy could be exploited in nonthyroid malignancies, we transfected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with the NIS gene. Although the expression of NIS allowed significant radioiodide uptake in the transfected NSCLC cell lines, rapid radioiodide efflux limited tumor cell killing. Because thyroperoxidase (TPO) catalyzes iodination of proteins and subsequently Causes iodide retention within thyroid cells, we hypothesized that coexpression of both NIS and TPO genes would overcome this deficiency. Our results show that transfection of NSCLC cells with both human NIS and TPO genes resulted in an increase in radioiodide uptake and retention and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that single gene therapy with only the NIS gene may have limited efficacy because of rapid efflux of radioiodide. In contrast, the combination of NIS and TPO gene transfer, with resulting TPO-mediated organification and intracellular retention of radioiodide, may lead to more effective tumor cell death. Thus, TPO could be used as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the NIS-based radioiodide concentrator gene therapy for locally advanced lung cancer. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Pulm Immunol & Gene Med Lab, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Pulm Immunol & Gene Med Lab, Div Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Pulm Immunol & Gene Med Lab, Div Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Lung Canc Res Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Huang, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Pulm Immunol & Gene Med Lab, Vet Adm, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [IP50CA90388, P50 CA090388, R01 CA078654, R01 CA085686, R01 CA71818, R01 CA78654] NR 20 TC 88 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 8 IS 8 BP 612 EP 618 DI 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700354 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 465FN UT WOS:000170579100008 PM 11571539 ER PT J AU Walss-Bass, C Prasad, V Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF AF Walss-Bass, C Prasad, V Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF TI Interaction of the beta(IV)-tubulin isotype with actin stress fibers in cultured rat kidney mesangial cells SO CELL MOTILITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON LA English DT Article DE actin stress-fibers; microtubules; depolymerization; tubulin isotypes ID MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS; BETA-TUBULIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CONNECTING CILIUM; FOCAL ADHESIONS; BOVINE BRAIN; ORGANIZATION; FILAMENTS; BINDING; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Microtubules and actin filaments are two of the major components of the cytoskeleton. There is accumulating evidence for interaction between the two networks. Both the alpha- and beta -subunits of tubulin exist as numerous isotypes, some of which have been highly conserved in evolution. In an effort to better understand the functional significance of tubulin isotypes, we used a double immunofluorescence labeling technique to investigate the interactions between the tubulin beta -isotypes and the actin stress fiber network in cultured rat kidney mesangial cells, smooth-muscle-like cells from the renal glomerulus. Removal of the soluble cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic proteins by detergent extraction caused the microtubule network to disappear while the stress fiber network was still present. In these extracted cells, the beta (I)- and beta (II)-tubulin isotypes were no longer present in the cytoplasm while the beta (IV)-isotype co-localized with actin stress fibers. Co-localization between beta (IV)-tubulin and actin stress fibers was also observed when the microtubule network was disrupted by the anti-tubulin drug colchicine and also by microinjection of the beta (IV)-tubulin antibody. Our results suggest that the beta (IV) isotype of tubulin may be involved in interactions between microtubules and actin. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 49:200-207, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Res & Dev Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Luduena, RF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA26376]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM23476] NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0886-1544 J9 CELL MOTIL CYTOSKEL JI Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton PD AUG PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1002/cm.1033 PG 8 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 468VD UT WOS:000170778100003 PM 11746664 ER PT J AU Walss-Bass, C Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF AF Walss-Bass, C Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF TI Mechanism of localization of beta(II)-tubulin in the nuclei of cultured rat kidney mesangial cells SO CELL MOTILITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON LA English DT Article DE nuclear localization; tubulin isotypes; microinjection; nucleolus; mitosis ID SPINDLE POLE BODY; BETA-TUBULIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BOVINE BRAIN; ISOTYPE; MITOSIS; PROTEIN; CYCLE; ORGANIZATION; MICROTUBULES AB Tubulin is an alpha beta heterodimer. Both the alpha and beta polypeptides exist as multiple isotypes. Although tubulin was generally thought to exist only in the cytoplasm, we have previously reported the presence of the beta (II) isotype of tubulin in the nuclei Of Cultured rat kidney mesangial cells, smooth-muscle-like cells that reside in the glomerular mesangium; nuclear beta (II) exists as an alpha beta (II) dimer, capable of binding to colchicine. but in non-microtubule form [Walss et al.. 1999: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 42:274-284]. We have now investigated the nature of the process by which alpha beta (II) enters the nuclei of these cells. By micro-injecting fluorescently labeled alpha beta (II) into mesangial cells, we found that alpha beta (II) was present in the nuclei of cells only if they were allowed to go through mitosis. In contrast. there were no circumstances in which microinjected fluorescently labeled alpha beta (II) or alpha beta (IV) dimers entered the nuclei. These findings. together with the absence of any nuclear localization signal in alpha beta (II) strongly favor the model that alpha beta (II), rather than being transported into the intact nucleus. co-assembles with the nucleus at the end of mitosis. Our results also indicate that the nuclear localization mechanism is specific for alpha beta (II). This result raises the possibility that alpha beta (II) may have a specific function that requires its presence in the nuclei of cultured rat kidney mesangial cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 49:208-217, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Res & Dev Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Luduena, RF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA26376]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM23476] NR 50 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0886-1544 J9 CELL MOTIL CYTOSKEL JI Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton PD AUG PY 2001 VL 49 IS 4 BP 208 EP 217 DI 10.1002/cm.1034 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 468VD UT WOS:000170778100004 PM 11746665 ER PT J AU Torre-Amione, G Durand, JB Nagueh, S Vooletich, MT Kobrin, I Pratt, C AF Torre-Amione, G Durand, JB Nagueh, S Vooletich, MT Kobrin, I Pratt, C TI A pilot safety trial of prolonged (48 h) infusion of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist tezosentan in patients with advanced heart failure SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE endothelins; heart failure; pharmacologic therapy ID DOPPLER-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; THERAPY AB Study objectives: Tezosentan, an IV dual endothelin-receptor antagonist, has demonstrated beneficial hemodynamic effects in patients with advanced heart failure. In addition, no notable differences in safety and tolerability variables were detected between tezosentan-treated and Placebo-treated patients when infused over 4 to 6 h. The present study was conducted primarily to assess the safety and tolerability of tezosentan when administered over a prolonged, 48-h treatment period, and secondarily to investigate hemodynamic response. Design: This randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study of continual IV administration of two dosages of tezosentan (20 mg/h and 50 mg/h; n = 6 each) or dobutamine (5 mug/kg/min; n = 2) over 48 h in patients with advanced heart failure was conducted to assess tolerability, safety, and hemodynamic variables (Doppler echocardiography). Results: During tezosentan infusion, no episodes of hypotension requiring withdrawal of therapy occurred, and hemodynamic rebound was not observed after abrupt cessation of the infusion. There were no reports of worsening heart failure in tezosentan-treated patients up to 28 days following the infusion. The most common side effect during the infusion was headache (9 of 12 tezosentan-treated patients and both dobutamine-treated patients). Echocardiographic Doppler measurements suggested improvements in cardiac index, pulmonary, capillary wedge pressure, and relaxation properties as well as in diastolic and systolic function in all treatment groups. Conclusions: Prolonged, 48-h IV dual endothelin-receptor antagonism with tezosentan was well tolerated with no new safety concerns emerging. These data further support the potential role of tezosentan in the treatment of patients with acute heart failure. C1 Methodist Hosp, Winter Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Eugene & Judith Campbell Labs Cardiac Transplanta, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Actel Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland. RP Torre-Amione, G (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Texas Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2001 VL 120 IS 2 BP 460 EP 466 DI 10.1378/chest.120.2.460 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 462DM UT WOS:000170405500025 PM 11502644 ER PT J AU Lenner, R Padilla, ML Teirstein, AS Gass, A Schilero, GJ AF Lenner, R Padilla, ML Teirstein, AS Gass, A Schilero, GJ TI Pulmonary complications in cardiac transplant recipients SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE cardiac; complications; pulmonary; transplantation ID HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; ASPERGILLOSIS; CYCLOSPORINE; TUBERCULOSIS; PREVALENCE; REJECTION; DIAGNOSIS; CAPACITY; THERAPY AB Background: The incidence of pulmonary complications in heart transplant recipients has not been extensively studied. We report pulmonary complications in 159 consecutive adult orthotopic heart transplantations (OHTs) performed in 157 patients. Materials and methods: Retrospective review of medical records. Results: Forty-seven of 159 recipients (29.9%) had 81 pulmonary complications. Pneumonia was the most common (n = 27), followed by bronchitis (n = 15), pleural effusion (n = 10), pneumothorax (n = 7), prolonged respiratory failure requiring tracheotomy (n = 7), and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (n = 6). All patients with late-onset (> 6 months after transplantation) community-acquired bacteria] pneumonia presented with fever, cough, and a new lobar consolidation on the chest radiograph, and responded promptly to empiric antibiotics without undergoing an invasive diagnostic procedure. in contrast, early-onset nosocomial bacterial pneumonias carried a 33.3% mortality rate. A positive tuberculin skin test result was associated with a significantly higher rate of pulmonary complications (62.5% vs 26.8%, p = 0.007). Lung cancer and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) developed exclusively in 6 of the 61 patients (8.1%) who received induction immunosuppression with murine monoclonal antibody (OKT3). Conclusion: Pulmonary complications are common following heart transplantation, occurring in 29.9% of recipients, and are attributed to pneumonia of primarily bacterial origin in one half of cases. Late-onset community-acquired pneumonia carried an excellent prognosis following empiric antibiotic therapy, suggesting that in the appropriate clinical setting invasive diagnostic procedures are unnecessary. Analogous to reports in other solid-organ transplant recipients, induction therapy with OKT3 was associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer and PTLD. Overall, the development of pulmonary complications after OHT has prognostic significance given the higher mortality in this subset of patients. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. NYU, Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Lenner, R (reprint author), 515 E 72nd,Apt 10 L, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 33 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2001 VL 120 IS 2 BP 508 EP 513 DI 10.1378/chest.120.2.508 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 462DM UT WOS:000170405500032 PM 11502651 ER PT J AU Ledoux, WR Hillstrom, HJ AF Ledoux, WR Hillstrom, HJ TI Acceleration of the calcaneus at heel strike in neutrally aligned and pes planus feet SO CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE acceleration; foot calcaneus; comfortable cadence; neutrally aligned; pes planus ID SOFT-TISSUE; WALKING; JOINTS; FOOT; INVIVO; TIBIA; BONE AB Objective. The purpose of this research was twofold: (1) to study the impulsive acceleration of the calcaneus at heel strike in subjects with neutrally aligned (i.e., normal) feet and (2) to explore how the acceleration may differ in subjects with pes planus (i.e., flat). feet. The component of the acceleration vector aligned with the long axis of the tibia was quantified. Design. Subjects with either foot type were instrumented and calcaneal acceleration was quantified during comfortable cadence locomotion. Background. Aberrant peak acceleration has been associated with osteoarthritis. while tibial acceleration has been quantified, calcaneal acceleration has not. Additionally, foot morphology, or foot type, has demonstrated an effect on foot function and thus there may. be differences in calcaneal acceleration between foot types. Methods. Six subjects with neutrally aligned feet and six with pes planus feet were selected via a clinical exam. Accelerometers were attached to the posterior aspect of the medial surface of the calcanei bilaterally and 10 walking trials were collected. Results. The average baseline-to-peak acceleration for the neutrally aligned and pes planus feet was 4.79 g (SD, 2.14 g) and 5.24 g (SD, 3.28 g),: respectively; the peak-to-peak acceleration was 5.03 g (SD, 2.74 g) and 6.75 g (SD, 3.89 g). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between foot types. Conclusions. The calcaneal acceleration at heel strike for neutrally aligned and pes planus feet was not sensitive to foot type. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Temple Univ, Sch Podiat Med, Gait Study Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Ledoux, WR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, MS 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Ledoux, William/K-6815-2015 OI Ledoux, William/0000-0003-4982-7714 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-0033 J9 CLIN BIOMECH JI Clin. Biomech. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7 BP 608 EP 613 DI 10.1016/S0268-0033(01)00041-9 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 467QD UT WOS:000170714500008 PM 11470303 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, DC Somogyi, L AF Whitcomb, DC Somogyi, L TI Lessons from hereditary pancreatitis SO CROATIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE base sequence; cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; hereditary diseases; membrane proteins; pancreatitis; trypsin inhibitors; trypsinogen ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS GENE; MUTATIONS; ACTIVATION; INHIBITOR; MAPS AB For decades there has been slow progress in understanding pancreatic diseases, particularly acute and chronic pancreatitis. As a result, there were no significant advances in the management of these patients. Treatment was mostly directed towards symptomatic relief and management of complications. A simple clinical observation that multiple members of a large family are affected by acute and chronic pancreatitis, some at very young age and in the absence of any alcohol use, led physician-scientists of the Midwest Multicenter Pancreatic Study Group (investigators from the University of Cincinnati, University of Kentucky, and University of Pittsburgh) to investigate the genetic basis of hereditary pancreatitis. Using information from the human genome project, the hereditary pancreatitis gene was identified as the cationic trypsinogen gene (protease serine 1, PRSS1). This discovery has led to the identification of a number of other genes and their products playing role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic pancreatitis. In the emerging picture of pathogenesis of acute and chronic pancreatitis, trypsin appears to play a central role. This newly acquired knowledge is setting the stage for new preventive and management strategies for hereditary and sporadic acute and chronic pancreatitis. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Pancreat Dis Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Cincinnati VA Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Somogyi, L (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Pancreat Dis Ctr, Div Digest Dis, POB 670595, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [NIH AA20885]; NIDDK NIH HHS [NIH DK54709] NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICINSKA NAKLADA PI ZAGREB PA VLASKA 69, HR-10000 ZAGREB, CROATIA SN 0353-9504 J9 CROAT MED J JI Croat. Med. J. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 484 EP 487 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 466GW UT WOS:000170637900021 PM 11471204 ER PT J AU Cummings, DE Purnell, JQ Frayo, RS Schmidova, K Wisse, BE Weigle, DS AF Cummings, DE Purnell, JQ Frayo, RS Schmidova, K Wisse, BE Weigle, DS TI A preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels suggests a role in meal initiation in humans SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; ACYLATED PEPTIDE; GH SECRETAGOGUE; DIURNAL RHYTHM; LEPTIN; SECRETION; RATS; ADIPOSITY; STOMACH AB The recently discovered orexigenic peptide ghrelin is produced primarily by the stomach and circulates in blood at levels that increase during prolonged fasting in rats. When administered to rodents at supraphysiological doses, ghrelin activates hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/agouti gene-related protein neurons and increases food intake and body weight. These findings suggest that ghrelin may participate in meal initiation. As a first step to investigate this hypothesis, we sought to determine whether circulating ghrelin levels are elevated before the consumption of individual meals in humans. Ghrelin, insulin, and leptin were measured by radio-immunoassay in plasma samples drawn 38 times throughout, a 24-h period in 10 healthy subjects provided meals on a fixed schedule. Plasma ghrelin levels increased nearly twofold immediately before each meal and fell to trough levels within 1 h after eating, a pattern reciprocal to that of insulin. Intermeal ghrelin levels displayed a diurnal rhythm that was exactly in phase with that of leptin, with both hormones rising throughout the day to a zenith at 0100, then falling overnight to a nadir at 0900. Ghrelin levels sampled during the troughs before and after breakfast correlated strongly with 24-h integrated area under the curve values (r = 0.873 and 0.954, respectively), suggesting that these convenient, single measurements might serve as surrogates for 24-h profiles to estimate overall ghrelin levels. Circulating ghrelin also correlated positively with age (r = 0.701). The clear preprandial rise and postprandial fall in plasma ghrelin levels support the hypothesis that ghrelin plays a physiological role in meal initiation in humans. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cummings, DE (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way,S-111 Endo, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1RR00037]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K23-DK-02689, P30DK17047, R01-DK-55460] NR 30 TC 1704 Z9 1757 U1 10 U2 83 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD AUG PY 2001 VL 50 IS 8 BP 1714 EP 1719 DI 10.2337/diabetes.50.8.1714 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 456RU UT WOS:000170096700005 PM 11473029 ER PT J AU Wisse, BE Frayo, RS Schwartz, MW Cummings, DE AF Wisse, BE Frayo, RS Schwartz, MW Cummings, DE TI Reversal of cancer anorexia by blockade of central melanocortin receptors in rats SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TUMOR-BEARING RATS; FOOD-INTAKE; MEGESTROL-ACETATE; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; WEIGHT-LOSS; PROSTATE-CANCER; STIMULATES FOOD; BODY-WEIGHT; CACHEXIA AB Anorexia is a debilitating manifestation of many malignancies. The etiology of cancer anorexia is poorly understood, and effective treatment options are limited. To investigate the role of central melanocortin receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia, we assessed the effects on food intake of the melanocortin receptor antagonist SHU9119 administered into the third cerebral ventricle of Lobund-Wistar rats that were anorexic from prostate cancer. In anorexic tumor-bearing rats, daily treatment with SHU9119 (0.35 nmol, intracerebroventricularly) increased food intake from 71 +/- 3% to 110 +/- 6% of preanorectic baseline and caused significant weight gain (13 +/- 5 vs. 5 +/- 1 g/3 d, SHU9119 vs. baseline in tumor-bearing rats). In control rats pair-fed to the intake of tumor-bearing animals, SHU9119 was ineffective at increasing food intake. The specificity of the SHU9119 feeding response was assessed using two other orexigenic peptides, NPY and the novel hormone ghrelin. Treatment of tumor-bearing rats with intracerebroventricular ghrelin (10 mug) increased food intake, but the effect was blunted relative to that in controls. Intracerebroventricular injections of NPY (1 mug) also failed to reverse anorexia in tumor-bearing rats. Because SHU9119 completely reverses cancer anorexia in this model, whereas ghrelin and NPY do not, increased central nervous system melanocortin signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder. This suggests that new targets for the treatment of cancer anorexia may be found in the melanocortin pathways. C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Cummings, DE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, 1660 S Columbian Way,Endo 111, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-35816, T32-DK-07247] NR 49 TC 164 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 142 IS 8 BP 3292 EP 3301 DI 10.1210/en.142.8.3292 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 459ZC UT WOS:000170280500003 PM 11459770 ER PT J AU Kogai, T Hershman, JM Motomura, K Endo, T Onaya, T Brent, GA AF Kogai, T Hershman, JM Motomura, K Endo, T Onaya, T Brent, GA TI Differential regulation of the human sodium/iodide symporter gene promoter in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines and normal thyroid cells SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-I; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN NA+/I SYMPORTER; FRTL-5 CELLS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; INCREASED EXPRESSION; HISTONE ACETYLATION; STIMULATING HORMONE; CULTURED-CELLS AB The absence of TSH-stimulated radioiodide uptake in differentiated thyroid cancer is associated with a high recurrence rate and reduced survival. We studied regulation of the sodium/iodide symporter gene in human papillary thyroid cancer cell lines (BHP) and primary human thyroid cells. BHP cells expressed very low levels of sodium/iodide symporter mRNA and did not concentrate iodide, but iodide uptake was restored to levels seen in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells by stable transfection of a sodium/iodide symporter cDNA. Sodium/iodide symporter gene expression, therefore, was necessary and sufficient for iodide uptake in BHP cells. We cloned the human sodium/iodide symporter gene 5'-flanking region and analyzed progressive 5'-deletions in transient transfections. We identified a region, -596 to -268, essential to confer full promoter activity in primary normal human thyroid cells. Sodium/iodide symporter promoter activity in four BHP cell lines, however, was markedly reduced, consistent with downregulation of the endogenous sodium/iodide symporter gene. Nuclear extracts from BHP 2-7 cells had reduced or absent binding to regions of the sodium/iodide symporter promoter shown to be critical for expression, compared with nuclear extracts from FRTL-5 cells. Competition studies indicated that these nuclear proteins were not known thyroid transcription factors. Modifications of the sodium/iodide symporter promoter with demethylation or histone acetylation did not increase sodium/iodide symporter expression, and no deletions of the critical regulatory region were identified in the endogenous gene in BHP cells. Regulation of the sodium/iodide symporter 5'-flanking region in transient transfection paralleled endogenous sodium/iodide symporter expression. Reduced expression of potential novel nuclear factor(s) in these cell lines may contribute to reduced sodium/iodide symporter expression resulting in absence of iodide uptake in some papillary thyroid cancers. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Endocrinol,Mol Endocrinol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Yamanashi Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 3, Yamanashi 4093898, Japan. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Endocrinol,Mol Endocrinol Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 114,Room 230, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X NR 55 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 142 IS 8 BP 3369 EP 3379 DI 10.1210/en.142.8.3369 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 459ZC UT WOS:000170280500013 PM 11459780 ER PT J AU Sugimoto, Y Morita, R Amano, K Shah, PU Pascual-Castroviejo, I Khan, S Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Sugimoto, Y Morita, R Amano, K Shah, PU Pascual-Castroviejo, I Khan, S Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI T-STAR gene: fine mapping in the candidate region for childhood absence epilepsy on 8q24 and mutational analysis in patients SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE T-STAR; genomic structure; chromosomal band 8q24; physical map ID RNA-BINDING PROTEIN; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CHROMOSOME 8Q24; FAMILY AB Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is one of the most common epilepsies in children. At least four phenotypic subcategories of CAE have been proposed. Among them, a subtype persisting with tonic-clonic seizures has been mapped to 8q24 (ECA I MIM 600131). By constructing a physical map for the 8q24 region, we recently narrowed the ECA1 locus to a 1.5-Mb region. In the present communication, we show that T-STAR gene is located within the ECA I region. T-STAR is a novel member of STAR (for signal transduction and activation of RNA) family, and is predicted to encode a spermatogenesis related RNA-binding protein. T-STAR is located within the markers D8S2049 and D8S1753 and its complete coding region spans nine exons. In addition to its known expression in testis, moderate level of transcripts for T-STAR gene was detected in brain, heart and is highly abundant in skeletal muscle. Mutational analysis for the T-SATR gene in CAE families did not show any sequence variation in the coding region, and this suggests that the T-STAR gene is not involved in the pathogenesis of persisting CAE. However, genomic organization of T-STAR gene characterized in the present report might help in understanding the biological functions of T-STAR as well as its suspected involvement in other disorders mapped on this region. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. KEM Hosp, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Seth GS Med Coll, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Univ Madrid, Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain. Riyadh Armed Forces Hosp, Dept Neurosci, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 NR 16 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 46 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(01)00274-1 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 461PQ UT WOS:000170373000006 PM 11463515 ER PT J AU Edwards, IJ Rudel, LL Terry, JG Kemnitz, JW Weindruch, R Zaccaro, DJ Cefalu, WT AF Edwards, IJ Rudel, LL Terry, JG Kemnitz, JW Weindruch, R Zaccaro, DJ Cefalu, WT TI Caloric restriction lowers plasma lipoprotein (a) in male but not female rhesus monkeys SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lp(a); lipids; calorie restriction; atherosclerosis; aging ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; LP(A); ISOFORMS; DISEASE; SERUM AB Many age-associated pathophysiological changes are retarded by caloric restriction (CR). The present study has investigated the effect of CR on plasma lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], an independent risk factor for the age-associated process of atherosclerosis. Rhesus monkeys were fed a control diet (n = 19 males, 12 females) or subjected to CR (n = 20 males, 11 females fed 30% less calories) for >2 years. All female animals were premenopausal, Plasma Lp(a) levels in control animals were almost two fold higher for males than females (47 +/- 9 vs 25 +/- 5 mg/dl mean SEM, p = 0.05). CR resulted in a reduction in circulating Lp(a) in males to levels similar to those measured in calorie-restricted females, (27 +/- 5 vs. 24 +/- 4 mg/dl mean +/- SEM). For all animals, plasma Lp(a) was correlated with total cholesterol (r = 0.27, p = 0.03) and LDL cholesterol (r = 0.50, p = 0.0001) whether unadjusted or after adjustment for treatment, gender or group. These studies introduce a new mechanism whereby CR may have a beneficial effect on risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis in primates. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Physiol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Edwards, IJ (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, 300 S Hawthorne Rd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00167]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL49373]; NIA NIH HHS [AG10816, AG14190, AG11915, AG00578] NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1413 EP 1418 DI 10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00107-3 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 470BM UT WOS:000170850600014 PM 11602214 ER PT J AU Anstead, GM Chandrasekar, B Zhao, WG Yang, J Perez, LE Melby, PC AF Anstead, GM Chandrasekar, B Zhao, WG Yang, J Perez, LE Melby, PC TI Malnutrition alters the innate immune response and increases early visceralization following Leishmania donovani infection SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE FUNCTION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID METABOLISM; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CALORIE MALNUTRITION; PROSTAGLANDIN E-2; IFN-GAMMA; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; TUMOR-METASTASIS AB Malnutrition is a risk factor for the development of visceral leishmaniasis. However, the immunological basis for this susceptibility is unknown. We have developed a mouse model to study the effect of malnutrition on innate immunity and early visceralization following Leishmania donovani infection. Three deficient diets were studied, including 6, 3, or 1% protein; these diets were also deficient in iron, zinc, and calories. The control diet contained 17% protein, was zinc and iron sufficient, and was provided ab libitum. Three days after infection with L. donovani promastigotes, the total extradermal (lymph nodes, liver, and spleen) and skin parasite burdens were equivalent in the malnourished (3% protein) and control mice, but in the malnourished group, a greater percentage (39.8 and 4.0%, respectively; P = 0.009) of the extradermal parasite burden was contained in the spleen and liver. The comparable levels of parasites in the footpads in the two diet groups and the higher lymph node parasite burdens in the well-nourished mice indicated that the higher visceral parasite burdens in the malnourished mice were not due to a deficit in local parasite killing but to a failure of lymph node barrier function. Lymph node cells from the malnourished, infected mice produced increased levels of prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) and decreased levels of interleukin-10. Inducible nitric oxide synthase activity was significantly lower in the spleen and liver of the malnourished mice. Thus, malnutrition causes a failure of lymph node barrier function after L. donovani infection, which may be related to excessive production of PGE(2) and decreased levels of IL-10 and nitric oxide. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Melby, PC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mailcode 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 74 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 69 IS 8 BP 4709 EP 4718 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4709-4718.2001 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 456UP UT WOS:000170100900002 PM 11447142 ER PT J AU Melby, PC Yang, J Zhao, WG Perez, LE Cheng, J AF Melby, PC Yang, J Zhao, WG Perez, LE Cheng, J TI Leishmania donovani p36(LACK) DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic but not protective against experimental visceral leishmaniasis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CD4(+) T-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; BALB/C MICE; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; INFECTED MACROPHAGES; ANTIGEN LACK; TH1 TYPE; IMMUNIZATION; MURINE; RESISTANCE AB The acquisition of immunity following subclinical or resolved infection with the intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani suggests that vaccination could prevent visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The LACK (Leishmania homolog of receptors for activated C kinase) antigen is of interest as a vaccine candidate for the leishmaniases because of its immunopathogenic role in murine L. major infection. Immunization of mice with a truncated (24-kDa) version of the 36-kDa LACK antigen, delivered in either protein or DNA form, was found previously to protect against cutaneous L. major infection by redirecting the early T-cell response away from a pathogenic interleukin-4 (IL-4) response and toward a protective Th1 response. The amino acid sequence of the Leishmania p36(LACK) antigen is highly conserved, but the efficacy of this vaccine antigen in preventing disease caused by strains other than L. major has not been determined. We investigated the efficacy of a p36(LACK) DNA vaccine against VL because of the serious nature of this form of leishmaniasis and because it was unclear whether the LACK vaccine would be effective in a model where there was not a dominant pathogenic IL-4 response. We demonstrate here that although the LACK DNA vaccine induced a robust parasite-specific Th1 immune response (IFN-gamma but not IL-4 production) and primed for an in vivo T-cell response to inoculated parasites, it did not induce protection against cutaneous or systemic L. donovani challenge. Coadministration of IL-12 DNA with the vaccine did not enhance the strong vaccine-induced Th1 response or augment a protective effect. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Melby, PC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mailcode 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 47 TC 109 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 69 IS 8 BP 4719 EP 4725 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4719-4725.2001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 456UP UT WOS:000170100900003 PM 11447143 ER PT J AU Guerreiro, H Croda, J Flannery, B Mazel, M Matsunaga, J Reis, MG Levett, PN Ko, AI Haake, DA AF Guerreiro, H Croda, J Flannery, B Mazel, M Matsunaga, J Reis, MG Levett, PN Ko, AI Haake, DA TI Leptospiral proteins recognized during the humoral immune response to leptospirosis in humans SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; INTERROGANS SEROVAR COPENHAGENI; TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M ANTIBODIES; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMOBILIZED PH GRADIENTS; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS AB Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira. An understanding of leptospiral protein expression regulation is needed to develop new immunoprotective and serodiagnostic strategies. We used the humoral immune response during human leptospirosis as a reporter of protein antigens expressed during infection. Qualitative and quantitative immunoblot analysis was performed using sera from 105 patients from Brazil and Barbados. Sera from patients with other diseases and healthy individuals were evaluated as controls. Seven proteins, p76, p62, p48, p45, p41, p37, and p32, were identified as targets of the humoral response during natural infection. In both acute and convalescent phases of illness, antibodies to lipopolysaccharide were predominantly immunoglobulin M (IgM) while antibodies to proteins were exclusively IgG. Anti-p32 reactivity had the greatest sensitivity and specificity: positive reactions were observed in 37 and 84% of acute- and convalescent-phase sera, respectively, while only 5% of community control individuals demonstrated positive reactions. Six immunodominant antigens were expressed by all pathogenic leptospiral strains tested; only p37 was inconsistently expressed. Two-dimensional immunoblots identified four of the seven infection-associated antigens as being previously characterized proteins: LipL32 (the major outer membrane lipoprotein), LipL41 (a surface-exposed outer membrane lipoprotein), and heat shock proteins GroEL and DnaK. Fractionation studies demonstrated LipL32 and LipL41 reactivity in the outer membrane fraction and GroEL and DnaK in the cytoplasmic fraction, while p37 appeared to be a soluble periplasmic protein. Most of the other immunodominant proteins, including p48 and p45, were localized to the inner membrane. These findings indicate that leptospiral proteins recognized during natural infection are potentially useful for serodiagnosis and may serve as targets for vaccine design. C1 Brazilian Minist Hlth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, BR-40295001 Salvador, BA, Brazil. Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Pharm, BR-40000 Salvador, BA, Brazil. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ W Indies, Sch Clin Med & Res, Bridgetown, Barbados. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Div Int Med & Infect Dis, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Fdn Oswaldo Cruz MS, Ctr Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Rua Waldemar Falcao 121, BR-40295001 Salvador, BA, Brazil. EM aik2001@med.cornell.edu RI Ko, Albert/P-2343-2015 OI Ko, Albert/0000-0001-9023-2339 FU FIC NIH HHS [TW-00919, D43 TW000905, D43 TW000919, TW-00905]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-01605, AI-34431, R01 AI034431, R21 AI034431, R21 AI034431-06, R29 AI034431] NR 47 TC 109 Z9 140 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 69 IS 8 BP 4958 EP 4968 DI 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4958-4968.2001 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 456UP UT WOS:000170100900034 PM 11447174 ER PT J AU Muder, RR AF Muder, RR TI Frequency of intravenous administration set changes and bacteremia: Defining the risk - The author replies. SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 22 IS 8 BP 476 EP 476 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 486PR UT WOS:000171826600007 ER PT J AU Marin, DB Flynn, S Mare, M Lantz, M Hsu, MA Laurans, M Paredes, M Shreve, T Zaklad, GR Mohs, RC AF Marin, DB Flynn, S Mare, M Lantz, M Hsu, MA Laurans, M Paredes, M Shreve, T Zaklad, GR Mohs, RC TI Reliability and validity of a chronic care facility adaptation of the Clinical Dementia Rating scale SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Geriatric-Psychiatry CY MAR 02-05, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Assoc Geriatr Psychiat DE Clinical Dementia Rating scale; Alzheimer's disease ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; ONSET AB Objective This study investigated the reliability and validity of a chronic care facility adaptation of the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR-CC). Method Sixty-two residents in a chronic care facility participated in an inter-rater and I month test-retest reliability study. The instrument was validated against the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results Inter-rater and 1 month test-retest reliability for the global CDR-CC score were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.99 and 0.92, respectively). The CDR-CC domain and global scores were negatively correlated with the MMSE. Conclusions The CDR-CC is a global assessment tool that reliably and validly measures cognitive and functional impairment in a chronic care setting. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Jewish Home & Hosp Aged, New York, NY USA. Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Bronx, NY USA. RP Marin, DB (reprint author), CUNY, Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG02219] NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6230 J9 INT J GERIATR PSYCH JI Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 16 IS 8 BP 745 EP 750 DI 10.1002/gps.385.abs PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 469UQ UT WOS:000170834800001 PM 11536340 ER PT J AU Babbitt, JT Kharazi, AI Taylor, JMG Bonds, CB Zhuang, D Mirell, SG Frumkin, E Hahn, TJ AF Babbitt, JT Kharazi, AI Taylor, JMG Bonds, CB Zhuang, D Mirell, SG Frumkin, E Hahn, TJ TI Increased body weight in C57BL/6 female mice after exposure to ionizing radiation or 60 Hz magnetic fields SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; DOSE-RESPONSE; X-RAYS; RATS; IRRADIATION; CANCER; TUMORIGENESIS; RECEPTOR; LYMPHOMA; 50-HZ AB Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether early treatment with ionizing radiation and/or chronic magnetic field (MF) exposure affected body weight in female mice. Materials and methods: Weanling C57BL/6 female mice were irradiated with four equal weekly cobalt-60 exposures (total cumulative closes: 3.0, 4.0, 5.1 Gy) and/or received chronic lifetime exposure to 1.4mT 60Hz circularly polarized MF or ambient MF. The body weights of 2280 mice were recorded at 35 age intervals, and analysis of variance was used to compare the mean differences from baseline weights between treatment groups and sham-exposed controls. Results: A highly statistically significant effect of ionizing radiation on body Weight was observed at 28 age intervals (p less than or equal to0.001), and for MF exposure at 10 age intervals (p less than or equal to0.001). During the young adult growth phase, mice exposed only to MF exhibited less than or equal to0.5g greater weight gain relative to sham-exposed controls (p=0.0001). The effect of ionizing radiation alone was inversely related to close, with the largest weight increases observed in all of the irradiated groups after 9-12 months (p=0.0001). Conclusions: Treatment with split-dose ionizing radiation at an early age and chronic exposure to a residential power frequency NIF were Found to produce small but significant increases in body weight. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. St Vincents Med Ctr, Immunotherapy Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90057 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Merle Norman Cosmet, El Segundo, CA USA. Scirex Corp, San Diego, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst West Los A, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Babbitt, JT (reprint author), VA West Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, GRECC 11G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND SN 0955-3002 J9 INT J RADIAT BIOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Biol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 77 IS 8 BP 875 EP 882 DI 10.1080/09553000110055790 PG 8 WC Biology; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 471BV UT WOS:000170907700005 PM 11571021 ER PT J AU Bohning, DE Lomarev, MP Denslow, S Nahas, Z Shastri, A George, MS AF Bohning, DE Lomarev, MP Denslow, S Nahas, Z Shastri, A George, MS TI Feasibility of vagus nerve stimulation-synchronized blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI SO INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vagus nerve stimulation; functional MRI; synchronization; epilepsy; depression ID REFRACTORY EPILEPSY; VAGAL-STIMULATION; FLOW; SYSTEM; SPECT AB RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. Left cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) by use of an implanted neurocybernetic prosthesis (NCP) system is effective in treating epilepsy, with open data suggesting effectiveness in depression, yet the mechanisms of action are unknown. Our objective was to develop a methodology for performing VNS-synchronized functional magnetic resonance imaging (VNS-fMRI) and then to demonstrate its feasibility for studying VNS effects. METHODS. In nine patients implanted for treatment of intractable depression, a Macintosh computer was used to detect the signal from the implanted VNS stimulator and then to synchronize fMRI image acquisition with its regular firing. RESULTS. With our VNS-fMRI methodology, the blood oxygenation level-dependent response to VNS was shown in brain regions regulated by the vagus nerve: orbitofrontal and parieto-occipital cortex bilaterally, left temporal cortex, the hypothalamus, and the left amygdala. CONCLUSIONS. Vagus nerve stimulation pulses from an NCP system can be detected externally to determine its firing pattern, thus allowing VNS-fMRI studies of VNS-induced brain activity. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging Res, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Inst Human Brain, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Bohning, DE (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Ctr Adv Imaging Res, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 22 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0020-9996 J9 INVEST RADIOL JI Invest. Radiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 36 IS 8 BP 470 EP 479 DI 10.1097/00004424-200108000-00006 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 468WA UT WOS:000170780100006 PM 11500598 ER PT J AU Rao, WLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, WLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ TI Ornithine decarboxylase knockdown exacerbates transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal damage in rat brain SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE antisense knockdown; cerebral ischemia; infarct; middle cerebral artery occlusion; neuronal damage; ornithine decarboxylase ID TRANSGENIC MICE; ARTERY OCCLUSION; SPERMIDINE/SPERMINE N-1-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; INFARCT VOLUME; MESSENGER-RNA; CELL-DEATH; OVERPRODUCING PUTRESCINE; POLYAMINE METABOLISM; ENERGY-METABOLISM; INJURY AB Transient cerebral ischemia leads to increased expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Contradicting studies attributed neuroprotective and neurotoxic roles to ODC after ischemia. Using antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs), the current study evaluated the functional role of ODC in the process of neuronal damage after transient focal cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Transient MCAO significantly increased the ODC immunoreactive protein levels and catalytic activity in the ipsilateral cortex. which were completely pre-vented by the infusion of antisense ODN specific for ODC. Transient MCAO in rats infused with ODC antisense ODN increased the infarct volume, motor deficits, and mortality compared with the sense or random ODN-infused controls. Results of the current study support a neuroprotective or recovery role, or both, for ODC after transient focal ischemia. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Dempsey, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, H4-336 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 8 BP 945 EP 954 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 459AQ UT WOS:000170228000007 ER PT J AU Rabeneck, L Cook, KF Wristers, K Souchek, J Menke, T Wray, NP AF Rabeneck, L Cook, KF Wristers, K Souchek, J Menke, T Wray, NP TI SODA (severity of dyspepsia assessment): A new effective outcome measure for dyspepsia-related health SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dyspepsia; health status; quality of life; outcome measure ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA; DUODENAL-ULCER; WORKING PARTY; RATING-SCALES; SYMPTOMS; PAIN; QUESTIONNAIRE; MANAGEMENT AB The aim of this research was to develop and evaluate an instrument fur measuring dyspepsia-related health to serve as the primary outcome measure for randomized clinical trials. Building on our previous work we developed SODA (Severity of Dyspepsia Assessment), a multidimensional dyspepsia measure. We evaluated SODA by administering it at enrollment and seven follow-up visits to 98 patients with dyspepsia who were randomized to a 6-week course of omeprazole versus placebo and followed over 1 year. The mean age was 53 years, and six patients (6%) were women. Median Cronbach's alpha reliability estimates over the eight visits for the SODA Pain Intensity, Non-Pain Symptoms. and Satisfaction scales were 0.97, 0.90, and 0.92. respectively. The mean change scores for all three scales discriminated between patients who reported they were improved versus those who were unchanged, providing evidence of validity. The effect sizes for the Pain intensity (.98) and Satisfaction (.87) scales were large, providing evidence for responsiveness. The effect size for the Non-Pain Symptoms scale was small(.24). indicating lower responsiveness in this study sample. SODA is a new. effective instrument for measuring dyspepsia-related health. SODA is multidimensional and responsive to clinically meaningful change with demonstrated reliability and validity. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Dept Vet Affairs, VA Hlth Serv Res & Dev, HSR & D Field Program, Houston, TX USA. VA Rehabil R&D Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Rabeneck, L (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 111D,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R03 DK 52467] NR 66 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 54 IS 8 BP 755 EP 765 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(00)00365-6 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 455GV UT WOS:000170019900001 PM 11470383 ER PT J AU Hassan, MM Zaghloul, AS El-Serag, HB Soliman, O Patt, YZ Chappell, CL Beasley, RP Hwang, LY AF Hassan, MM Zaghloul, AS El-Serag, HB Soliman, O Patt, YZ Chappell, CL Beasley, RP Hwang, LY TI The role of hepatitis C in hepatocellular carcinoma - A case control study among Egyptian patients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hepatitis C; hepatitis B; Schistosoma mansoni; epidemiology ID VIRUS-INFECTION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; HIGH PREVALENCE; BLOOD-DONORS; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Egypt has one of the highest prevalence rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the world; however, the risk and attribution related to HCV in Egyptian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. Goals: The current study was undertaken to estimate the risk of HCC in relation to HCV in Egypt. Study: Thirty-three patients with HCC and 35 healthy controls who had a similar socioeconomic status were prospectively enrolled at the University of Cairo National Cancer Institute. Results: Anti-HCV antibodies were present in 75.8% of the patients and in 42.9% of the controls (p = 0.01); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was present in 15.2% of the patients and in 2.9% of the controls (p = 0.03). In addition, the sex- and age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for anti-HCV antibodies was 5.1 (95% CI = 1.5-17.4) and for HBsAg was 13.2 (95% CI = 1.2-148.2). Concurrent Schistosoma mansoni and anti-HCV was associated with an OR of 10.3 (95% CI = 1.3-79.8), which was higher than that for anti-HCV (6.5; 95% CI = 1.6-26.6) and S. mansoni infection (0.2; 95% CI = 0.1-6.2) alone. Finally, we estimated the attributable fraction of HCC to HCV to be 64% in this study population and 48% in the general Egyptian population. Conclusions: Both HCV and hepatitis B virus infection increase the risk of HCC in Egyptian patients, whereas isolated Schistosoma infection does not. Because of the very high prevalence rate of HCV in the general Egyptian population, it accounts for most HCC cases in Egypt. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gastrointestinal Oncol & Dig Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Cairo Univ, Natl Canc Inst, Cairo, Egypt. Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77025 USA. Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hassan, MM (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gastrointestinal Oncol & Dig Dis, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Box 78, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 22 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 33 IS 2 BP 123 EP 126 DI 10.1097/00004836-200108000-00006 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 456HL UT WOS:000170077000006 PM 11468438 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Biology of osteoclast activation in cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; HUMAN BREAST-CANCER; HUMAN MYELOMA CELLS; FORMATION IN-VITRO; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; BONE-RESORPTION; INHIBITORY FACTOR; DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE AB Bone is a frequent site of cancer metastasis. Bone metastases can result in bone destruction or new bone formation. Bone destruction is mediated by factors produced or induced by tumor cells that stimulate formation and activation of osteoclasts, the normal bone-resorbing cells. Local bone destruction also occurs in patients with osteoblastic metastases and may precede or occur simultaneously with increased bone formation. Several factors, including interleukin IL-6, receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) ligand, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and macrophage inflammatory protein-l-alpha (MIP-1 alpha), have been implicated as factors that enhance osteoclast formation and bone destruction in patients with neoplasia. PTHrP seems to be the major factor produced by breast cancer cells that induces osteoclast formation through upregulation of RANK ligand. Enhanced RANK ligand expression also plays an important role in bone destruction in patients with myeloma. RANK ligand can act to enhance the effects of other factors produced by myeloma cells or in response to myeloma cells, such as MIP-1 alpha and/or IL-6, to induce osteoclast formation. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for osteoclast activation in osteolytic metastases should lead to development of novel therapeutic approaches for this highly morbid and potentially fatal complication of cancer. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13625]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR44603]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE12603] NR 71 TC 182 Z9 190 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 15 BP 3562 EP 3571 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 459AV UT WOS:000170228400017 PM 11481364 ER PT J AU Mulsant, BH Sweet, RA Rosen, J Pollock, BG Zubenko, GS Flynn, T Begley, AE Mazumdar, S Reynolds, CF AF Mulsant, BH Sweet, RA Rosen, J Pollock, BG Zubenko, GS Flynn, T Begley, AE Mazumdar, S Reynolds, CF TI A double-blind randomized comparison of nortriptyline plus perphenazine versus nortriptyline plus placebo in the treatment of psychotic depression in late life SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the New-Clinical-Drug-Evaluation-Unit-Program CY JUN 10-13, 1998 CL BOCA RATON, FL SP New Clin Drug Evaluat Unit Program ID DELUSIONAL DEPRESSION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; RATING-SCALE; PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT; NONDELUSIONAL DEPRESSION; BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES; REVERSIBLE DEMENTIA; ELDERLY PATIENTS; OLDER PATIENTS; FLUVOXAMINE AB Objective: To conduct the first randomized study comparing the efficacy of an antidepressant alone versus an antidepressant plus a neuroleptic in the treatment of late-life psychotic depression, Method: The efficacy of nortriptyline plus placebo versus nortriptyline plus perphenazine was compared in 36 patients aged 50 years or older presenting with a major depressive episode with psychotic features (DSM-III-R criteria). Patients wt re started openly on nortriptyline treatment titrated to therapeutic levels. They were then randomly assigned under double-blind conditions to addition of perphenazine or placebo, Outcomes were compared in the 2 treatment groups using measures including the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS); side effects were assessed with the Geriatric Movement Disorder Assessment. Results: Both treatments were well tolerated. Of the 36 randomly assigned patients. 2 (1 in each group) dropped out due to treatment-related adverse effects. Four additional patients dropped out for administrative reasons. Thirty patients received nortriptyline for at least 4 weeks combined with either perphenazine (N = 14) or placebo (N = 16) for at least 2 weeks (median = 9 weeks). There was no significant difference between the completers in the 2 treatment groups when comparing their scores on the HAM-D, the BPRS, its psychoticism subscale, or any side effects measure. Rates of response (defined as resolution of both depression and psychosis) did not differ significantly in the 2 groups (nortriptyline-plus-perphenazine group, 50% vs. nortriptyline-plus-placebo group. 44%,). Conclusion: When treating older patients with psychotic depression, the addition of a moderate dose of a traditional neuroleptic to a tricyclic antidepressant was well tolerated but did not improve efficacy. This finding supports existing data suggesting that the pathophysiology (and thus the required treatment) of psychotic depression may be different early and late in life. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Intervent Res Ctr Study Late Life Mood Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mulsant, BH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, 3811 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mulsantbh@msx.upmc.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-30915, MH-49786, MH-52247] NR 70 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 4 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2001 VL 62 IS 8 BP 597 EP 604 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 471EL UT WOS:000170914700004 PM 11561930 ER PT J AU Altshuler, L Kiriakos, L Calcagno, J Goodman, R Gitlin, M Frye, M Mintz, J AF Altshuler, L Kiriakos, L Calcagno, J Goodman, R Gitlin, M Frye, M Mintz, J TI The impact of antidepressant discontinuation versus antidepressant continuation on 1-year risk for relapse of bipolar depression: A retrospective chart review SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-CARBONATE; AFFECTIVE-ILLNESS; IMIPRAMINE; UNIPOLAR; COMBINATION; PREVENTION; MANIA AB Background: Current treatment guidelines recommend discontinuation of an antidepressant within 3 to 6 months after remission of depression in patients with bipolar illness. Yet few studies directly compare the impact of antidepressant discontinuation versus antidepressant continuation on the risk for depressive relapse in patients with bipolar disorder who have been successfully treated for a depressive episode. Method: In a retrospective chart review, patients with DSM-IV bipolar disorder who were treated for an index episode of depression by adding antidepressant medication to ongoing mood stabilizer medications were identified. The risk of depressive relapse in 25 subjects who stopped antidepressant medications after improvement was compared with the risk of depressive relapse in 19 subjects who continued antidepressants after improvement. Results: Termination of antidepressant medication significantly increased the risk of a depressive relapse. Antidepressant continuation was not significantly associated with an increased risk of mania. Conclusion: While this study may have been limited by the retrospective nature of the chart review, nonrandomized assignment of treatment. and reliance on unstructured progress notes, it suggests that antidepressant discontinuation may increase the risk of depressive relapse in some patients with bipolar disorder. Further research is needed to clarify whether maintenance antidepressant treatment may be warranted in some patients with bipolar disorder, especially in those with frequent recurrent depressive episodes. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Altshuler, L (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, B116AA,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM LAltshuler@mednet.ucla.edu NR 16 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 2 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 752870, MEMPHIS, TN 38175-2870 USA SN 0160-6689 EI 1555-2101 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 2001 VL 62 IS 8 BP 612 EP 616 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 471EL UT WOS:000170914700007 PM 11561933 ER PT J AU Vojta, CL Vojta, DD TenHave, TR Amaya, M Lavizzo-Mourey, R Asch, DA AF Vojta, CL Vojta, DD TenHave, TR Amaya, M Lavizzo-Mourey, R Asch, DA TI Risk screening in a Medicare/Medicaid population - Administrative data versus self report SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE geriatrics; risk screening; Medicaid; dual eligible; health maintenance organization ID MANAGED CARE; PREDICTIVE-VALIDITY; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; ENROLLEES; IMPACT; COSTS; TRIAL; PLAN AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the abilities of two validated indices, one survey-based and the other database-derived, to prospectively identify high-cost, dual-eligible Medicare/Medicaid members. DESIGN., A longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: A Medicaid health maintenance organization in Philadelphia, Pa. PARTICIPANTS: HMO enrollees (N = 558) 65 years and older eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Two hundred ninety six patients responded to a survey containing the Probability of Repeat Admission Questionnaire (Pra) between October and November 1998. Using readily available administrative data, we created an administrative proxy for the Pra. Choosing a cut point of 0.40 for both indices maximized sensitivity at 55% for the administrative proxy and 50% for the survey Pra. This classification yielded 103 high-risk patients by administrative proxy and 73 by survey Pra. High-cost patients averaged at least 2.3 times the resource utilization during the 6-month follow-up. Correlation between the two scores was 0.53, and the scales disagreed on high-cost risk in 78 patients (54 high-cost by administrative proxy only, and 24 high-cost by survey Pra only). These two discordant groups utilized intermediate levels of resources, $2,171 and $2,794, that were not statistically significantly different between the two groups (probability > chi (2) = .66). Receiver operating characteristic curve areas (0.68 for survey Pra and administrative proxy for respondents, and 0.67 by administrative proxy for nonrespondents) revealed similar overall discriminative abilities for the two instruments for costs. CONCLUSIONS: The Medicaid/Medicare dual-eligible population responded to the survey Pra at a rate of 53%, limiting its practical utility as a screening instrument. Using a cut point of 0.40, the administrative proxy performed as well as the survey Pra in this population and was equally applicable to nonrespondents. The time lag inherent in database screening limits its applicability for new patients, but combining database-driven and survey-based approaches holds promise for targeting patients who might benefit from case management intervention. C1 Univ Penn, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Hlth Partners, Div Med Affairs, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Vojta, CL (reprint author), 226 Ralston House,3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 16 IS 8 BP 525 EP 530 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016008525.x PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 469DH UT WOS:000170798100003 PM 11556928 ER PT J AU Homma, A Anzueto, A Peters, JI Susanto, I Sako, E Zabalgoitia, M Bryan, CL Levine, SM AF Homma, A Anzueto, A Peters, JI Susanto, I Sako, E Zabalgoitia, M Bryan, CL Levine, SM TI Pulmonary artery systolic pressures estimated by echocardiogram vs cardiac catheterization in patients awaiting lung transplantation SO JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; DOPPLER-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; TRICUSPID REGURGITATION; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION; SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS; HYPERTENSION; IMPROVEMENT; FIBROSIS; DISEASE; HEART AB Background: At many lung transplant centers, right heart catheterization and transthoracic echocardiogram are part of the routine pre-transplant evaluation to measure pulmonary pressures. Because decisions regarding single vs bilateral lung transplant procedures and the need for cardiopulmonary bypass are often made based on pulmonary artery systolic pressures, we sought to examine the relationship between estimated and measured pulmonary artery systolic pressures using echocardiogram and catheterization, respectively. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients in our program who had measured pulmonary hypertension (n = 57). Patients with both echocardiogram-estimated and catheterization-measured pulmonary artery systolic pressures performed within 2 weeks of each other were included (n = 19). We analyzed results for correlation and linear regression in the entire group and in the patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (n = 8) and pulmonary fibrosis (n = 8). Results: In patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary artery systolic pressure was 94 +/- 27 and 95 +/- 15 mm Hg by echocardiogram and catheterization, respectively, with r(2) = 0.11; in patients with pulmonary fibrosis, 57 +/- 23 and 58 +/- 12 mm Hg with r(2) = 0.22; and in the whole group, 76 +/- 29 and 75 +/- 23 mm Hg with r(2) = 0.50. Thirty-two additional patients had mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure = 48 +/- 16 turn Hg by catheterization but either had no evidence of tricuspid regurgitation by echocardiogram (n = 22) or the pulmonary artery systolic pressure could not be measured (n = 10). Conclusions: In patients with pulmonary hypertension awaiting transplant, pulmonary artery systolic pressures estimated by echocardiogram correspond but do not serve as an accurate predictive model of pulmonary artery systolic pressures measured by catheterization. Technical limitations of the echocardiogram. in this patient population often preclude estimating pulmonary artery systolic pressure. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pulm Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Homma, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy VA Hosp, Pulm Dis Sect 111E, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 29 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1053-2498 J9 J HEART LUNG TRANSPL JI J. Heart Lung Transplant. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 20 IS 8 BP 833 EP 839 DI 10.1016/S1053-2498(01)00274-1 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation GA 463JV UT WOS:000170466500005 PM 11502405 ER PT J AU Gerlock, AA AF Gerlock, AA TI Relationship mutuality - Why is it important in batterers' rehabilitation? SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article ID ABUSE SCREENING-TEST; SELF-ESTEEM AB Batterers' rehabilitation takes more than just stopping all forms of abuse and violence To stop domestic violence batterers are expected to halt all forms of violence and abusive behaviors and work on building relationship equality. In this study, relationship mutuality, as measured by the Mutuality psychological Development Questionnaire (MPDQ), was one of six variables significantly related to batterers' completion of domestic violence rehabilitation. Completers were more likely to be young, employed have lower levels of stress and post traumatic stress, be,receiving monthly monitoring from the courts, and have higher levels of relationship mutuality In addition the greater the frequency and severity of fire abuse the lower the level of relationship mutuality as reported by the batterer. When compared with the reports of their victims, batterers continued to minimize both the psychological abuse and physical violence. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Vet Affairs, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Washington, DC USA. RP Gerlock, AA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Vet Affairs, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Washington, DC USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD AUG PY 2001 VL 16 IS 8 BP 768 EP 783 DI 10.1177/088626001016008003 PG 16 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 451XB UT WOS:000169826900003 ER PT J AU Li, W Henry, G Garner, W Woodley, D AF Li, W Henry, G Garner, W Woodley, D TI The active and passive roles of extracellular matrices and growth factors in control of human keratinocyte migration SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Calif, Kenneth Norris Jr Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 174 BP 418 EP 418 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300207 ER PT J AU Usui, M Mansbridge, J Gibran, N Muffley, L Smith, D Larsen, J Carter, W Olerud, J AF Usui, M Mansbridge, J Gibran, N Muffley, L Smith, D Larsen, J Carter, W Olerud, J TI Epidermal margins of chronic nonhealing ulcers lack K10 and K2e in contrast to normal acute human wounds SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Adv Tissue Sci, La Jolla, CA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 178 BP 419 EP 419 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300212 ER PT J AU Yue, Z Li, W Nadelman, C Woodley, D AF Yue, Z Li, W Nadelman, C Woodley, D TI Rho family GTPases, Rac and Cdc42, play an important role in regulation of human keratinocyte migration on collagen SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Calif, Div Dermatol, Norris Canc Ctr, Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 486 BP 470 EP 470 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300517 ER PT J AU Henry, G Li, W Garner, W Woodley, D AF Henry, G Li, W Garner, W Woodley, D TI Human serum but not plasma promotes migration of human skin cells SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ So Calif, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Norris Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 487 BP 471 EP 471 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300518 ER PT J AU Trowers, A Kodish, E Kuerbitz, S Wood, G AF Trowers, A Kodish, E Kuerbitz, S Wood, G TI Three pediatric cases of CD30+cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) bearing the t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Hosp Cleveland, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cleveland, OH USA. Med Coll Ohio, Dept Pediat, Toledo, OH 43699 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 602 BP 490 EP 490 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300634 ER PT J AU Hussein, MR Tuthill, E Roggero, L Sudilovsky, C Wood, GO Sudilovsky AF Hussein, MR Tuthill, E Roggero, L Sudilovsky, C Wood, GO Sudilovsky TI Loss of heterozygosity at 1p36 and 9p22-21 regions in the human melanocytic skin lesions SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Inst Histopatol, Dept Pathol, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 117 IS 2 MA 782 BP 520 EP 520 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 466WC UT WOS:000170668300814 ER PT J AU Cornelussen, RNM Gupta, S Knowlton, AA AF Cornelussen, RNM Gupta, S Knowlton, AA TI Regulation of prostaglandin A(1)-induced heat shock protein expression in isolated cardiomyocytes SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat shock factor; NF Kappa B; HSP32; HSP72; cardioprotection ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; NUCLEAR ACCUMULATION; SODIUM-SALICYLATE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CARDIAC MYOCYTES; STRESS PROTEINS; HEME OXYGENASE; HUMAN-CELLS; ACTIVATION AB R. N. M. CORNELUSSEN, S. GUPTA AND A. A. KNOWLTON. Regulation of Prostaglandin A(1)-induced Heat Shock Protein Expression in Isolated Cardiomyocytes. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology (2001) 33, 1447-1454. Prostaglandins of the A-type (PC;As) induce heat shock protein (HSP) synthesis in a wide variety of mammalian cells resulting in protection against cellular stresses. The effect of PGAs on HSP-induction in cardiac myocytes is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effect of PGA, on HSP synthesis in adult rat cardiac myocytes. After 24h of treatment, HSP72 was significantly increased 2.9-, 5.6- and 50-fold by PGA, used at concentrations of 10, 20 or 40 mug/ml, respectively (P < 0.05), However, the PGA(1)-concentration of 40 mug/ml, was found to be cytotoxic as evidenced by the release of LDH. In addition to HSP72, HSP32 was significantly increased by PGA,. The HSP32 induction was more vigorous with a marked increase with only 4 mug/ml of PGA(1). No differences in the levels of HSP27, HSP60 or HSP90 were detected. When isolated cardiac myocytes were treated with PGA,, clear activation of heat shock factor (HSF) 1, one of the transcription factors for HSPs, was observed. In addition, another stress-induced transcription factor NF kappaB was also activated by PGA exposure. Despite the significant upregulation of both HSP72 and HSP32 cytoprotective properties against hypoxia and reo,reoxygenation were absent, In conclusion, these experiments show for the first time that PGA, induces differential expression of heat shock proteins in cardiac myocytes probably mediated through the activation of both HSF1 and NF kappaB. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP VA Med Ctr, 151C,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM annek@bcm.tmc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL58515, R01 HL058515] NR 47 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1447 EP 1454 DI 10.1006/jmcc.2001.1406 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 455JX UT WOS:000170024700007 PM 11448133 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, DD Mitton, DR Larsen, SA Yellon, SM AF Rasmussen, DD Mitton, DR Larsen, SA Yellon, SM TI Aging-dependent changes in the effect of daily melatonin supplementation on rat metabolic and behavioral responses SO JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aging; insulin; leptin; melatonin; novelty; visceral fat ID PLASMA LEPTIN; VISCERAL FAT; PINEAL-GLAND; BODY-WEIGHT; FOOD-INTAKE; AGED RATS; INSULIN AB Pineal melatonin secretion has been reported to commonly decrease with aging, whereas intra-abdominal adiposity, plasma insulin and plasma leptin levels tend to increase. We recently demonstrated that daily melatonin administration starting at middle age suppressed male rat intra-abdominal fat, plasma leptin and plasma insulin to youthful levels, suggesting that aging-related changes in pineal melatonin secretion and in energy regulation may be functionally related. Accordingly, we have now investigated the effects of daily melatonin treatment on energy regulation in young versus middle-aged male Sprague-Dawley rats. Addition of melatonin to the drinking water (0.2 mug/mL) produced nocturnal and diurnal plasma melatonin concentrations in middle-aged rats (12 months) equivalent to those of young adult (5 months) rats. Administration of this melatonin dosage every day for 10 wk starting at 10 months of age suppressed (P < 0.01) relative intra-abdominal fat. non-fasted plasma insulin and plasma leptin by 27, 39, and 51%, respectively (vs. vehicle-treated controls). In contrast, administration of melatonin for 10 wk starting at 3 months of age did not significantly alter (P > 0.10) any of these parameters. The melatonin administration stimulated (102%, P < 0.001) behavioral responsiveness of the middle-aged rats in a test of response to novelty, restoring youthful levels, but did not significantly alter behavioral responsiveness of the young rats. These results suggest that suppression of intra-abdominal adiposity and plasma leptin and insulin levels and stimulation of behavioral responsiveness in response to daily exogenous melatonin begins at middle age, coincident with and likely dependent upon the aging-associated decline in endogenous pineal melatonin secretion. These results further suggest that appropriate melatonin supplementation may potentially provide therapy or prophylaxis not only for the insulin resistance, increased intra-abdominal fat and resulting pathologies that occur with aging, but also for some aging-associated behavioral changes. C1 Univ Washington, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Behav Sci & Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Loma Linda Univ, Dept Physiol, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. RP Rasmussen, DD (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, Amer Lake, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-10567] NR 18 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0742-3098 J9 J PINEAL RES JI J. Pineal Res. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 31 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1034/j.1600-079X.2001.310113.x PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 452UM UT WOS:000169878100013 PM 11485011 ER PT J AU Olmez, N Wang, GF Li, Y Zhang, HD Schumacher, HR AF Olmez, N Wang, GF Li, Y Zhang, HD Schumacher, HR TI Chlamydial nucleic acids in synovium in osteoarthritis: What are the implications? SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE polymerase chain reaction; Chlamydia trachomatis; Chlamydia pneumoniae; osteoarthritis; reactive arthritis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INFLAMMATORY JOINT DISEASES; TARGETING DNA-SEQUENCES; REITERS-SYNDROME; TRACHOMATIS DNA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; UNDIFFERENTIATED ARTHRITIS; PNEUMONIAE DNA; FLUID; PREVALENCE AB Objective. To study whether there. is evidence of bacterial DNA in some osteoarthritic (OA) joint tissues, and the clinical implications of finding bacterial DNA in this relatively noninflammatory disease. Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect DNA of Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and other bacteria using panbacterial primers in synovial membranes and other articular tissues of 32 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for hip and knee OA. Patients were interviewed and examined postoperatively. Operative reports were reviewed and followup examinations were accomplished on all patients. Results. Nine of 32 patients with OA (28.1%) had evidence for bacterial DNA in joint tissues with at least one set of primers for Chlamydia: 7 for C. trachomatis (21.9%), 2 for C. pneumoniae (6.2%). Five of 32 (15.6%) patients had postoperative complications; 3 of these were in patients who showed amplified DNA of C. trachomatis in joints and one in a patient in whom we detected Escherichia coli. Conclusion. C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae nucleic acids can be present in joints in some cases of apparently classical OA. Whether chlamydial or other difficult to culture bacterial presence is associated with complications is suggested, but remains to be determined. Simple presence of C. trachomatis by PCR does not define a clinical syndrome or disease course. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Arthritis & Immunol Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 151 K Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1874 EP 1880 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 459MR UT WOS:000170254700023 PM 11508594 ER PT J AU Friedlander, AH Altman, L AF Friedlander, AH Altman, L TI Carotid artery atheromas in postmenopausal women - Their prevalence on panoramic radiographs and their relationship to atherogenic risk factors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; STROKE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; POPULATION; LIPOPROTEIN; ENDARTERECTOMY; CHOLESTEROL; INHIBITION; THICKNESS; PLASMA AB Background. More than 60 percent of the deaths in the United States attributed to stroke occur in postmenopausal women. As estrogen levels decline, atherosclerotic lesions (that is, atheromas) develop in the region of the carotid bifurcation and have been implicated as the precipitating cause in the majority of these strokes. Atheromas often are calcified and have been detected on the panoramic radiographs of neurologically asymptomatic male veterans; however, similar studies have not been conducted among female veterans. Methods. The authors assessed panoramic radiographs and medical records of 52 neurologically asymptomatic female veterans (mean age, 70.4 years), with a history of amenorrhea of more than 12 months' duration, for atheromas and risk factors associated with atherosclerosis. Results. The radiographs of 16 subjects (31 percent) exhibited atheromas located in the neck about 2.0 centimeters inferior and posterior to the angle of the mandible. These findings were confirmed in all instances by the presence of atheromas on anteroposterior cervical spine radiographs. The medical histories of these subjects were heavily laden with atherogenic risk factors (hypertension, 94 percent. body mass index of 27 to 29.9 [characterized as overweight], 25 percent; body mass index of 30 or higher [characterized as obese], 25 percent; smoking more than 15 pack years, 38 percent; hyperlipidemia, 69 percent; type 2 diabetes mellitus, 21 percent). Hypertension was significantly associated with the presence of atheromas. Conclusions. Some neurologically asymptomatic women at high risk of developing stroke can be identified in the dental office via panoramic radiography. Women whose X-rays show calcified carotid artery atheromas are almost always hypertensive and have medical histories heavily laden with other atherogenic risk factors. Clinical Implications. Dentists should refer patients with such calcifications to an appropriate physician for further evaluation and treatment. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Hosp Dent Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Womens Hlth Clin, Sepulveda Div, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Friedlander, AH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 132 IS 8 BP 1130 EP 1136 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 464AT UT WOS:000170510700022 PM 11575022 ER PT J AU Karlawish, JHT Casarett, D Klocinski, J Clark, CM AF Karlawish, JHT Casarett, D Klocinski, J Clark, CM TI The relationship between caregivers' global ratings of Alzheimer's disease patients' quality of life, disease severity, and the caregiving experience SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; caregiver burden; depression; quality of life AB OBJECTIVES: To compare caregivers' ratings of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' global quality of life (QOL) using direct assessments and substituted judgments, and to identify qualities of the patients and their caregivers that are associated with these QOL assessments. DESIGN: Cross-sectional interviews. SETTING: A university-based Memory Disorders Clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Forty primary caregivers of AD patients. MEASUREMENTS: Direct scaling of overall quality of life (poor, fair, good, very good, or excellent) and measures of dementia severity, the caregiving experience, and patient and caregiver demographics. RESULTS: The majority of patients had mild (n = 20) or moderate (n = 11) AD. Caregivers' direct assessments of patient QOL were poor (5%, n = 2), fair (28%, n = 11), good (40%, n = 16), very good (20%, n = 8), and excellent (8%, n = 3). Twenty-one (52.5%) of the caregivers rated the patient's QOL the same as they thought the patient would; 12 (30.0%) rated the patient's QOL worse; and seven (17.5%) rated the patient's QOL better. Agreement between the two ratings was fair to moderate. Bivariate analyses showed that lower ratings of caregivers' direct assessments of patient QOL were associated with decreasing ratings of patient mental health and increasing dementia severity, caregiver burden, and caregiver depression. Multivariate models showed burden to be the significant predictor of caregivers' rating of patient QOL and the subscale measuring the caregivers' distress at controlling patient behavior had the strongest association with QOL. Lower ratings of substituted judgment assessments of patient QOL were associated with lower caregiver ratings of the patient's mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one-half of the caregivers of patients with predominantly mild to moderate AD assess a patient's QOL differently than they believe the patient would. Dementia severity and the caregiver's experiences of depression and burden negatively affect caregivers' assessments of QOL. These results provide a compelling reason why clinicians should take the time to screen for and address caregiver depression and burden and problematic patient behaviors. C1 Inst Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Sociol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Karlawish, JHT (reprint author), Inst Aging, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K01-AG00931, P01-AG01024] NR 17 TC 87 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 BP 1066 EP 1070 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49210.x PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 466QR UT WOS:000170656700008 PM 11555068 ER PT J AU Poggioli, GJ Dermody, TS Tyler, KL AF Poggioli, GJ Dermody, TS Tyler, KL TI Reovirus-induced sigma 1s-dependent G(2)/M phase cell cycle arrest is associated with inhibition of p34(cdc2) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS TYPE-1 VPR; AUTOGRAPHA-CALIFORNICA NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; ATTACHMENT PROTEIN SIGMA-1; MESSENGER-RNA; FISSION YEAST; CDC2 PROTEIN; DNA-DAMAGE; TRANSLATION PRODUCTS; TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE; ACTIVATES P34CDC2 AB Serotype 3 reoviruses inhibit cellular proliferation by inducing a G(2)/M phase cell cycle arrest. Reovirus-induced G(2)/M phase arrest requires the viral S1 gene-encoded sigma 1s nonstructural protein. The G(2)-to-M transition represents a cell cycle checkpoint that is regulated by the kinase p34(cd2). We now report that infection with serotype 3 reovirus strain Abney, but not serotype I reovirus strain Lang, is associated with inhibition and hyperphosphorylation of p34(cdc2). The als protein is necessary and sufficient for inhibitory phosphorylation of p34(cdc2), since a viral mutant lacking als fails to hyperphosphorylate p34(cdc2) and inducible expression of als is sufficient for p34(cdc2) hyperphosphorylation. These studies establish a mechanism by which reovirus can perturb cell cycle regulation. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol B 182, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Elizabeth B Lamb Ctr Pediat Res, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Tyler, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol B 182, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG14071]; NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI038296, AI38296, R01 AI038296] NR 73 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 75 IS 16 BP 7429 EP 7434 DI 10.1128/JVI.75.16.7429-7434.2001 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 456QD UT WOS:000170093000021 PM 11462015 ER PT J AU Feliers, D Duraisamy, S Faulkner, JL Duch, J Lee, AV Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG Kasinath, BS AF Feliers, D Duraisamy, S Faulkner, JL Duch, J Lee, AV Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG Kasinath, BS TI Activation of renal signaling pathways in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Diabetes-Association CY JUN 09-13, 2000 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Diabet Assoc DE diabetic nephropathy; insulin receptor; phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase; MAP kinase; Akt; receptor signaling; renal cortex ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; MESANGIAL CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; MESSENGER-RNA; MAP KINASE; RATS AB Background. Altered regulation of signaling pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of renal disease. We examined renal cortical signaling pathways in type 2 diabetes. Methods. The status of renal cortical signaling pathways was examined in control and db/db mice with type 2 diabetes in the early phase of diabetic nephropathy associated with renal matrix expansion and albuminuria. Results. Tyrosine phosphorylation of renal cortical proteins was increased in diabetic mice. Renal cortical activities of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) in antiphosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates. Akt (PKB), and ERK1/2-type mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activities were significantly augmented sixfold (P < 0.01), twofold (P < 0.0003), and sevenfold (P < 0.001). respectively, in diabetic mice compared with controls. A part of the increased renal cortical PI 3-kinase activity was due to insulin receptor activation. as PI 3-kinase activity associated with beta chain of the insulin receptor was increased nearly fourfold(P < 0.0235). Additionally. the kinase activity of the immunoprecipitated insulin receptor P chain was augmented in the diabetic renal cortex, and tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor was increased. In the liver, activities of PI 3-kinase in the antiphosphotyrosine immunoprecipitates and Akt also were increased threefold (P < 0.05) and twofold (P < 0.0002), respectively. However, there was no change in the hepatic insulin receptor-associated PI 3-kinase activity. Additionally, the hepatic ERK1/2-type MAP kinase activity was inhibited by nearly 50% (P < 0.01). Conclusions. These studies demonstrate that a variety of receptor signaling pathways are activated in the renal cortex of mice with type 2 diabetes, and suggest a role for augmented insulin receptor activity in nephropathy of type 2 diabetes. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. GRECC, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kasinath, BS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7882, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [GGC DK50190] NR 40 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 60 IS 2 BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.060002495.x PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 455AW UT WOS:000170006200030 PM 11473632 ER PT J AU Coyne, J Katz, IR AF Coyne, J Katz, IR TI Improving the primary care treatment of late life depression - Progress and opportunities SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRIAL C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Family Practice & Community Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Katz, IR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, 3600 Market St,Room 758, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH52129, MH59380] NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 756 EP 759 DI 10.1097/00005650-200108000-00002 PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 459EN UT WOS:000170238200002 PM 11468495 ER PT J AU Unutzer, J Katon, W Williams, JW Callahan, CM Harpole, L Hunkeler, EM Hoffing, M Arean, P Hegel, MT Schoenbaum, M Oishi, SM Langston, CA AF Unutzer, J Katon, W Williams, JW Callahan, CM Harpole, L Hunkeler, EM Hoffing, M Arean, P Hegel, MT Schoenbaum, M Oishi, SM Langston, CA TI Improving primary care for depression in late life - The design of a multicenter randomized trial SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NIMH Conference on Mental Health Services Research CY AUG 18, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP NIMH DE depression; aging; primary care ID PROBLEM-SOLVING TREATMENT; MANAGED PRIMARY-CARE; PATIENTS AGED 65; MAJOR DEPRESSION; OLDER ADULTS; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; RELIABILITY; DISORDERS AB BACKGROUND. Late life depression can be successfully treated with antidepressant medications or psychotherapy, but few depressed older adults receive effective treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN. A randomized controlled trial of a disease management program for late life depression. SUBJECTS. Approximately 1,750 older adults with major depression or dysthymia are recruited from seven national study sites. INTERVENTION. Half of the subjects are randomly assigned to a collaborative care program where a depression clinical specialist supervised by a psychiatrist and a primary care expert supports the patient's regular primary care provider to treat depression. Intervention services are provided for 12 months using antidepressant medications and Problem Solving Treatment in Primary Care according to a stepped care protocol that varies intervention intensity according to clinical needs. The other half of the subjects are assigned to care as usual. EVALUATION. Subjects are independently assessed at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months. The evaluation assesses the incremental cost-effectiveness of the intervention compared with care as usual. Specific outcomes examined include care for depression, depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, satisfaction with depression care, health care costs, patient time costs, market and nonmarket productivity, and household income. CONCLUSIONS. The study blends methods from health services and clinical research in an effort to protect internal validity while maximizing the generalizability of results to diverse health care systems. We hope that this study will show the cost-effectiveness of a new model of care for late life depression that can be applied in a range of primary care settings. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Indiana Univ, Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Ctr Aging Res, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. Desert Med Grp, Palm Springs, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Hanover, NH USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. John A Hartford Fdn, New York, NY USA. RP Unutzer, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, 10920 Wilshire Blvd,Suite 300, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 71 TC 168 Z9 168 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 785 EP 799 DI 10.1097/00005650-200108000-00005 PG 15 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 459EN UT WOS:000170238200005 PM 11468498 ER PT J AU Gerrity, MS Williams, JW Dietrich, AJ Olson, AL AF Gerrity, MS Williams, JW Dietrich, AJ Olson, AL TI Identifying physicians likely to benefit from depression education SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE depression; self-efficacy; continuing medical education; measurement ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; CONTINUING MEDICAL-EDUCATION; COMPETING DEMANDS; MANAGEMENT; DISORDERS; SYMPTOMS; OUTCOMES; PROGRAM; MODEL; TRIAL AB BACKGROUND. Few methods exist to identify physicians: who might benefit from depression education. OBJECTIVES. To develop a measure of physicians' confidence or self-efficacy in caring for depressed patients and assess it's reliability and validity. RESEARCH DESIGN. A national sample of primary care physicians were surveyed and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to identify factors underlying physicians' responses to 26 items. We named the factors, selected items with factor loadings greater than or equal to0.50 for final scales, and tested a priori hypotheses about self-efficacy. SUBJECTS. 1) Random cross-sectional sample of family physicians, internists, obstetrician-gynecologists, and pediatricians (n = 5,369) and 2) 49 general internists and family physicians participating in a prepost evaluation of a depression workshop. RESULTS. In the national sample, 3,712 physicians were eligible and 2,104 responded. Forty-six percent were female, and 51% were family physicians and general internists. EFA identified 5 factors, the first of which was called Self-Efficacy (4 items, alpha = 0.86). More family physicians (64%) had confidence (self-efficacy) in caring for depressed patients compared with general internists (33%), obstetrician-gynecologists (16%), and pediatricians (6%) (P <0.001). Few physicians intended to change their care of depressed patients (10%) or take CME on depression (24%). Of the 49 physicians attending a depression workshop, 76% reported high self-efficacy after the workshop versus 50% before it (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS. This study supports the reliability and validity of the Self-Efficacy scale as one method to identify physicians who might benefit from interventions. New approaches are needed because physicians are unlikely to change. C1 Portland VAMC, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. San Antonio Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Hanover, NH USA. RP Gerrity, MS (reprint author), Portland VAMC, P3MED,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 856 EP 866 DI 10.1097/00005650-200108000-00011 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 459EN UT WOS:000170238200011 PM 11468504 ER PT J AU Au, DH McDonell, MB Martin, DC Fihn, SD AF Au, DH McDonell, MB Martin, DC Fihn, SD TI Regional variations in health status SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE health status; medical geography; comorbidity ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; VETERANS HEALTH; PROBLEM DRINKING; AUDIT AB CONTEXT. Knowledge about variations in the health status of patients seeking primary care in different parts of the United States is limited. OBJECTIVE. To examine regional variations in the physical and mental health of patients receiving primary care in the largest integrated health care system in the United States which is operated by the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING. We performed a mailed, cross sectional survey of 54,844 patients who were enrolled in seven VA General Internal Medicine clinics. RESULTS. Among the 30,690 patients who returned an initial set of screening questionnaires, the prevalence of common chronic conditions varied by as much as 60% among the seven clinics. Moreover, patients' general health (measured by the SF-36) also varied significantly in a pattern that mirrored the observed differences in the prevalence of chronic conditions. After adjustment for important comorbid illnesses and sociodemographic factors, geographic site accounted for a small percentage of the explained variance in patient assessed health status. CONCLUSIONS. The substantial differences in the health of patients enrolled in different VA primary clinics have important implications for the evaluation of clinical performance and health outcomes. Most of these differences can be attributed to sociodemographic and comorbid factors. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, NW Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Au, DH (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, NW Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 2001 VL 39 IS 8 BP 879 EP 888 DI 10.1097/00005650-200108000-00013 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 459EN UT WOS:000170238200013 PM 11468506 ER PT J AU Oldham, M Sapareto, SA Li, XA Allen, J Sutlief, S Wong, OC Wong, JW AF Oldham, M Sapareto, SA Li, XA Allen, J Sutlief, S Wong, OC Wong, JW TI Practical aspects of in situ O-16 (gamma, n) O-15 activation using a conventional medical accelerator for the purpose of perfusion imaging SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE perfusion imaging; radiation therapy; in situ; O-15 activation ID TUMOR BLOOD-FLOW; RADIOTHERAPY; HYPOXIA AB We report investigations into the feasibility of generating radioactive oxygen (O-15, a positron emitter, with half-life 2.05 min) using a tuned Elekta SL25 accelerator, for the end purpose of imaging tumor perfusion. O-15 is produced by the "gamma, neutron," (gamma ,n) reaction between high-energy photons and normal oxygen (O-16) in the body. As most in vivo O-16 is bound in water molecules the O-15 radio-marker is produced in proportion to water content in tissue. Imaging the washout of the O-15 distribution using sensitive positron-emission-tomography (PET) technology can yield spatial information about blood perfusion in the tissue. The aim of this article was to determine the amount of O-15 activity that could be produced by the tuned medical accelerator. A further aim was to model the activation process using Monte Carlo and to investigate ways to optimize the amount of O-15 that could be generated. Increased activation was achieved by (i) tuning the beam to give higher-energy electrons incident on the target of the accelerator, (ii) increasing dose rate by removing the conventional filtration in the beam and reducing the source to object distance, and (iii) reducing low-energy photons by means of a carbon block absorber. The activity per-unit-dose produced by the tuned beam was measured by irradiating spheres of water to known doses and placing the spheres in a calibrated coincidence-counting apparatus. Peak energy of the tuned bremsstrahlung beam was estimated at 29 MeV, and generated activity up to 0.24 mu Ci/cc/3Gy in water. The measured amount of O-15 agreed to within 10% of the prediction from the Monte-Carlo-computed spectrum, indicating reasonable ability to model the activation process. The optimal thickness of the carbon absorber was found to be about 25 cm. The insertion of a carbon absorber improved spectral quality for activation purposes but at the cost of reduced dose rate. In conclusion, the viability of generating O-15 with an Elekta SL25 has been demonstrated. In conjunction with recent advances in high-sensitivity portable PET imaging devices, real potential exists for imaging in situ activated O-15 washout as a surrogate measurement of macroscopic tumor perfusion. (C) 2001 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. C1 William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Radiat Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Elekta Oncol Syst Ltd, Crawley RH1 2RR, England. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Nucl Med, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. RP Oldham, M (reprint author), William Beaumont Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, 3601 W 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1669 EP 1678 DI 10.1118/1.1386777 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 465ZR UT WOS:000170620300013 PM 11548936 ER PT J AU Li, HS Deng, XY Thompson, BS Zhang, JY Wood, PG Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC AF Li, HS Deng, XY Thompson, BS Zhang, JY Wood, PG Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC TI Chronic ethanol consumption induces gene expression of pancreatic monitor peptide, but not SPINK1/PSTI-56, in rats SO PANCREAS LA English DT Article DE pancreatic hypersecretion; ethanol consumption; monitor peptide; differential gene expression ID SECRETORY TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; CHOLECYSTOKININ-RELEASING PEPTIDE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ENZYME SECRETION; MESSENGER-RNA; HEREDITARY PANCREATITIS; PLASMA CHOLECYSTOKININ; ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS; DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY; EXOCRINE PANCREAS AB The primary factors that predispose humans to the development of alcoholic pancreatitis are unknown. One of the earliest observations in humans in whom this disease develops is pancreatic hypersecretion caused by unknown mechanisms. Messenger RNA (mRNA) differential display was performed in a rat model to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with ethanol-induced pancreatic hypersecretion. Male Wistar rats were pair-fed Lieber-DeCarli diets with or without ethanol for 7 days or 4 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from the pancreas and its neurohormonal control sites. Differentially expressed complementary DNA (cDNA) tags were isolated, cloned, and sequenced. One 248-bp cDNA was consistently and strongly induced in the pancreata of rats fed ethanol for 4 weeks. The sequence was highly homologous to both rat pancreatic monitor peptide (MP) and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI-56), also known as serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK1). Confirmatory reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that PSTI-56 expression remained unchanged, whereas MP mRNA levels were elevated more than four times in the pancreata of ethanol-fed rats. These results indicate that long-term ethanol ingestion increases MP mRNA levels in the rat pancreas. Because MP stimulates cholecystokinin release and cholecystokinin is an important stimulant of pancreatic secretion, the enhanced MP gene expression may contribute to pancreatic hypersecretion. Key Words: Pancreatic hypersecretion-Ethanol consumption-Monitor peptide-Differential gene expression. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 571 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA-10885] NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-3177 J9 PANCREAS JI Pancreas PD AUG PY 2001 VL 23 IS 2 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1097/00006676-200108000-00001 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 455LG UT WOS:000170027900001 PM 11484913 ER PT J AU Yip, I Go, VLW Hershman, JM Wang, HJ Elashoff, R DeShields, S Liu, Y Heber, D AF Yip, I Go, VLW Hershman, JM Wang, HJ Elashoff, R DeShields, S Liu, Y Heber, D TI Insulin-leptin-visceral fat relation during weight loss SO PANCREAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Pancreatic-Association CY 1999 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Pancreat Assoc DE insulin; leptin; visceral fat; sibutramine; body composition; obesity ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; SERUM LEPTIN; OBESE WOMEN; PLASMA LEPTIN; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; BODY-WEIGHT; ADIPOSITY; MEN AB Introduction: The relation between insulin-leptin-visceral fat axis during weight loss has not been studied previously. Aims: To evaluate the insulin, leptin, and abdominal adiposity relation during weight loss in patients with upper body obesity. Methodology: Twenty volunteers (7 men, 13 women) with mean age 50.6 +/- 6.3 (SD) and upper body obesity (weight 105.4 +/- 12.3 kg, BMI 35.9 +/- 2.5 kg/m(2)) were recruited. Participants were enrolled in a one-arm clinical study using a calorie-deficient diet and an escalating dose regimen of sibutramine, starting with 5 mg daily and increasing in 5-mg increments to 20 mg per day. Body weight, insulin, leptin, glucose, lipids, abdominal computed tomography (CT), and total body electrical conductance (TOBEC) were measured serially at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24, Results: Eighteen patients completed the 6-month study: one man and one woman discontinued because of adverse events. With diet and sibutramine, body weight was significantly and continuously reduced throughout the 6-month study. There was a 16.0% (p = 0.0001) reduction in body weight (p < 0.001) and 22.5% (p = 0.0001) decrease in total body fat mass. Abdominal CT scans showed a 28.3% (p = 0.0001) reduction in total abdominal fat, a 26.0% (p = 0.0001) reduction in subcutaneous fat (p < 0.001), and a 31.0% (p = 0.0003) reduction in visceral fat (p < 0.001). There was a 32.0% (p = 0.0008) reduction in leptin levels and 37.9% (p = 0.0001) reduction in insulin levels between baseline and week 4, but no further significant reduction in leptin and insulin levels was observed for the duration of the study. There was a significant correlation between insulin and leptin concentrations throughout the study (p = 0.0001). Leptin was presented as a function of insulin measured at the same time. Significant associations between visceral abdominal fat, subcutaneous fat, and leptin were also observed. Conclusion: In this study, we found that leptin and insulin were related in weight loss. The data suggest that insulin may act as a strong regulator of leptin secretion during weight loss and that circulating leptin levels can be predicted by insulin level. Using sibutramine in conjunction with hypocaloric diet reduced body weight and decreased fat mass significantly. Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat depots were shown to decrease. Whether sibutramine exerts any selective reduction of visceral abdominal fat as opposed to total body fat mass will require further clinical investigation. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Yip, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Sch Med, Warren Hall,Rm 12-217,900 Vet Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [5P01 CA42710]; NIDDK NIH HHS [3 T32 DK07688] NR 44 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-3177 J9 PANCREAS JI Pancreas PD AUG PY 2001 VL 23 IS 2 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1097/00006676-200108000-00010 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 455LG UT WOS:000170027900010 PM 11484922 ER PT J AU Neuzil, KM Dupont, WD Wright, PF Edwards, KM AF Neuzil, KM Dupont, WD Wright, PF Edwards, KM TI Efficacy of inactivated and cold-adapted vaccines against influenza A infection, 1985 to 1990: the pediatric experience SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza vaccine; clinical trial; pediatrics ID VIRUS-VACCINE; OTITIS-MEDIA; DAY-CARE; CHILDREN; PREVENTION; TRIVALENT; HOUSEHOLD; DISEASE; INFANTS; RATES AB Background. Influenza is a common and potentially serious infection in children. Although there is interest in broadening the use of influenza vaccine in healthy children, there are few large, randomized, controlled trials that evaluate the safety and efficacy of inactivated vaccine in the pediatric population. Methods. From 1985 through 1990 a randomized, controlled trial of cold-adapted and inactivated vaccines for the prevention of influenza A disease was conducted at Vanderbilt University, and the cumulative results from this trial in patients of all ages have been previously published. We reanalyzed the data from this trial in the subset of patients who were younger than 16 years at the time of their participation. We determined vaccine safety, immunogenicity and efficacy, based on culture-positive illness and seroconversion, in this subset of patients. Results. During the 5 years of the study, 791 children younger than 16 years received 1809 doses of either inactivated or cold-adapted vaccine or placebo. The vaccines were well-tolerated, and there were no serious reactions. Inactivated trivalent influenza vaccines were 91.4 and 77.3% efficacious in preventing symptomatic, culture-positive influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 illness, respectively. The efficacy of the inactivated vaccine based on hemagglutination inhibition assay seroconversion was 67.1 and 65.5%, respectively, for H1N1 and H3N2 serotypes. Conclusions. Inactivated trivalent influenza A vaccines are well-tolerated and efficacious in the prevention of influenza A disease in children 1 to 16 years old. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Med Serv 111, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Neuzil, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Med Serv 111, Dept Med, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Dupont, William/I-4430-2012 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-52594] NR 31 TC 156 Z9 165 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 20 IS 8 BP 733 EP 740 DI 10.1097/00006454-200108000-00004 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 462TT UT WOS:000170436400004 PM 11734733 ER PT J AU Takata, GS Chan, LS Shekelle, P Morton, SC Mason, W Marcy, SM AF Takata, GS Chan, LS Shekelle, P Morton, SC Mason, W Marcy, SM TI Evidence assessment of management of acute otitis media: I. The role of antibiotics in treatment of uncomplicated acute otitis media SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Review DE otitis media; children; antibiotics ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CEFUROXIME AXETIL SUSPENSION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE-NETWORK; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; GENERAL-PRACTICE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CO-AMOXICLAV AB Context. In 1995, >5 million episodes of acute otitis media (AOM) accounted for $3 billion in health care expenditures. Objectives. To synthesize the literature on the natural history of AOM, the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment in uncomplicated AOM, and the relative effectiveness of specific antibiotic regimens. Data Sources. Seven electronic databases for articles published between 1966 and March 1999 and reference lists in proceedings, published articles, reports, and guidelines. Study Selection. Two physicians independently assessed each article. Studies addressing AOM in children 4 weeks to 18 years old were included; those addressing children with immunodeficiencies or craniofacial abnormalities were excluded. Randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) were used to assess antibiotic effectiveness, and RCTs and cohort studies were used to assess the natural history of AOM. Among the 3491 citations identified, 80 (2.3%) met our inclusion criteria. Data Extraction. Two physicians independently abstracted data and assessed the quality of studies using a validated scale for RCTs and 8 quality components for cohort studies. Data Synthesis. Random-effects estimates of pooled absolute rate differences of outcomes were derived, and heterogeneity of both the rates and rate differences was assessed. Children with AOM not treated with antibiotics experienced a 1- to 7-day clinical failure rate of 19% (95% confidence interval: 0.10-0.28) and few suppurative complications. When patients were treated with amoxicillin, the 2- to 7-day clinical failure rate was reduced to 7%, a 12% (95% confidence interval: 0.04-0.20) reduction. Adverse effects, primarily gastrointestinal, were more common among children on cefixime than among those on ampicillin or amoxicillin. They were also more common among children on amoxicillin-clavulanate than among those on azithromycin. Conclusions. The majority of uncomplicated cases of AOM resolve spontaneously without apparent suppurative complications. Ampicillin or amoxicillin confers a limited therapeutic benefit. There is no evidence to support any particular antibiotic regimens as more effective at relieving symptoms. Certain antibiotics are more likely than others to cause diarrhea and other adverse events. C1 Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Gen Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Los Angeles Cty, Div Biostat & Outcomes Assessment, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Ctr Pediat Hlth Outcomes Res, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Corp, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. RAND Corp, Stat Grp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. So Calif Kaiser Permanente Hlth Care Program, Dept Pediat, Panorama City, CA USA. RP Takata, GS (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Gen Pediat, 4650 Sunset Blvd,MS 76, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. FU PHS HHS [290-97-0001] NR 103 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2001 VL 108 IS 2 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1542/peds.108.2.239 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 458TZ UT WOS:000170211800023 PM 11483783 ER PT J AU Chan, LS Takata, GS Shekelle, P Morton, SC Mason, W Marcy, SM AF Chan, LS Takata, GS Shekelle, P Morton, SC Mason, W Marcy, SM TI Evidence assessment of management of acute otitis media: II. Research gaps and priorities for future research SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE otitis media; children; future research ID READ CLINICAL JOURNALS; QUALITY; TRIALS; DIAGNOSIS AB Objectives. To report research gaps and priorities of future research identified during an evidence assessment process on the management of acute otitis media (AOM). Methods. A conceptual framework for management of AOM was developed to guide the evidence assessment. An 11-member technical expert panel guided the selection of key questions, prioritization of influencing factors, development of scope, definition of AOM, and search strategy through polling processes and conference calls. Quality of clinical trials was evaluated using established scales. Outcome measures were abstracted from each study. Results. A total of 3461 titles and abstracts were screened, and 760 full-length articles were reviewed. Of the 760 articles, 80 studies addressed the key questions. In defining AOM, 42 (52.5%) of the 80 studies included the middle-ear effusion component, only 2 (2.5%) included the rapid onset component, and 26 (32.5%) included the signs/symptoms of inflammation component. None of the 80 studies used all 3 components. Of the 74 controlled trials, 39 (53%) were of acceptable quality (Jadad score of 3 or higher). The technical experts did not agree in the ranking of the importance of the 41 influencing factors (Kendall's coefficient of concordance was 0.0022). Another poll also indicated diverse opinions of the experts on the importance of 7 key questions derived from the conceptual framework (Kendall coefficient of concordance is 0.21). Furthermore, our review found that the type and definition of outcome measure varied. Conclusions. Despite the large body of literature on AOM, its quality is uneven and its findings are not generalizable. Future research should try to answer all key questions and investigate all risk factors in well-designed, scientific studies. C1 USC, Los Angeles Cty Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Outcomes Assessment, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. USC, Dept Pediat, Ctr Pediat Hlth Outcomes Res, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Gen Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Affair Healthcare Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Corp, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. So Calif Kaiser Permanente Hlth Care Program, Dept Pediat, Panorama City, CA USA. RP Chan, LS (reprint author), USC, Los Angeles Cty Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Outcomes Assessment, Room 12-900,1200 N State St, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU PHS HHS [290-97-0001] NR 19 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2001 VL 108 IS 2 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1542/peds.108.2.248 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 458TZ UT WOS:000170211800024 PM 11483784 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Boninger, ML Brienza, DM Shapcott, N Cooper, R Flood, K AF Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Boninger, ML Brienza, DM Shapcott, N Cooper, R Flood, K TI Telerehabilitation: Expanding access to rehabilitation expertise SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Review DE Internet; rehabilitation; smart-technology; videoconferencing ID VIRTUAL-REALITY; INFORMATION NEEDS; FACTORIZATION METHOD; CLINICAL QUESTIONS; PATIENT EDUCATION; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; SELF-CALIBRATION; VASCULAR-SURGERY; INTERNET; TECHNOLOGY AB The potential of modern telecommunications and computing technologies as tools in the delivery and evaluation of assistive technology (AT) has been discussed and has been termed telerehabilitation. The problems of providing AT in rural areas parallels the delivery of health care to rural areas where the proportion of people with chronic illnesses is higher and the means to pay for them is reduced. Large distances mean long travel times, increasing costs associated with any service delivered and consuming valuable tune skilled professionals could be rising to provide services elsewhere. The technology available for practicing telerehabilitation is significant and expanding at a rapid rate. Currently, plain old telephone systems (POTS) and broad-band videoconferencing equipment, Internet and World Wide Web, and embedded processor systems are most widely available. These technologies continue to evolve as well as emerging technologies such as wearable sensors that will have telerehabilitation applications. Issues of payment, safety, liability. and licensure need to be resolved, as legislation lags the development of new technologies. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Rehabil Hosp, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 120 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD AUG PY 2001 VL 89 IS 8 BP 1174 EP 1191 DI 10.1109/5.940286 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 462HG UT WOS:000170414200004 ER PT J AU Cannon, DS Kivlahan, DR Gresen, RC Baker, RR Blusewicz, MJ Burk, JP Cantrell, PJ Dubbert, PM LaGana, CM Nightingale, EJ Patterson, JE AF Cannon, DS Kivlahan, DR Gresen, RC Baker, RR Blusewicz, MJ Burk, JP Cantrell, PJ Dubbert, PM LaGana, CM Nightingale, EJ Patterson, JE TI The impact of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reorganization on psychology programs: A survey of VHA psychology leaders SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID CARE SYSTEM; HISTORY; FUTURE AB Because the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the nation's largest health care system and employer and trainer of psychologists, changes in VHA psychology have implications for the rest of the profession. A national survey of 127 VHA psychology leaders (91% response rate) documented that many psychologists now are managed by a psychiatrist, deliver more outpatient services, and do less personality testing. In the context of a 10% reduction in psychology staffing, morale is rated lower than 2 years earlier. Diversified professional roles are associated with higher status of psychology and management support for mental health programs. Psychologists need to understand and respond adaptively to the organizational and economic forces affecting their practice. C1 VA Salt Lake Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Care Ctr 116OP, Mental Hlth Strateg Hlth Care Grp, Informat Sect, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Milwaukee, WI USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Clin & Hlth Psychol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Kansas City VA Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Kansas City, MO USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Counseling Psychol, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Univ Mississippi, Sch Med, University, MS 38677 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychiat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Cannon, DS (reprint author), VA Salt Lake Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Care Ctr 116OP, Mental Hlth Strateg Hlth Care Grp, Informat Sect, 500 Foothill Blvd, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. EM dale.cannon@med.va.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 EI 1939-1323 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 32 IS 4 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1037//0735-7028.32.4.373 PG 7 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 470WE UT WOS:000170893500007 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, P Chin, E Laifer-Narin, S Ragavendra, N Grant, EG AF Zimmerman, P Chin, E Laifer-Narin, S Ragavendra, N Grant, EG TI Radial artery mapping for coronary artery bypass graft placement SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE arteries, extremities; arteries, grafts and prostheses; arteries, US; editorials ID CIRCULATION; HAND; DOPPLER; REMOVAL C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol Sci, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Zimmerman, P (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD AUG PY 2001 VL 220 IS 2 BP 299 EP 302 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 454TW UT WOS:000169988700003 PM 11477229 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Studies in Paget's disease and their relevance to oncology SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Roundtable Discussion Meeting Update on the Role of Bisphosphonates in Metastases CY DEC 05, 2000 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS ID OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; BONE-MARROW CELLS; BREAST-CANCER; SKELETAL COMPLICATIONS; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; DOUBLE-BLIND; IN-VITRO; INTERLEUKIN-6; EXPRESSION; PAMIDRONATE C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 4 SU 11 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1053/sonc.2001.25442 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 470HX UT WOS:000170866500004 PM 11544571 ER PT J AU Beer, TM Hough, KM Garzotto, M Lowe, BA Henner, WD AF Beer, TM Hough, KM Garzotto, M Lowe, BA Henner, WD TI Weekly high-dose calcitriol and docetaxel in advanced prostate cancer SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; PHASE-II TRIAL; CELL-LINES; ORAL ESTRAMUSTINE; 1-ALPHA,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; PLATINUM DRUGS; D ANALOGS; GROWTH; ETOPOSIDE C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Beer, TM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Mail Code L586,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [3M01RR00334-33S2] NR 54 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2001 VL 28 IS 4 SU 15 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1016/S0093-7754(01)90155-1 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 480VM UT WOS:000171483500009 PM 11685729 ER PT J AU Littner, M Kushida, CA Hartse, K Anderson, WM Davila, D Johnson, SF Wise, MS Hirshkowitz, M Woodson, BT AF Littner, M Kushida, CA Hartse, K Anderson, WM Davila, D Johnson, SF Wise, MS Hirshkowitz, M Woodson, BT TI Practice parameters for the use of laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty: An update for 2000 SO SLEEP LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; OUTPATIENT TREATMENT; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; COMPLICATIONS; SURGERY; CO2-LASER; PALATE; UPPP AB Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty (LAUP) is an outpatient surgical procedure which is in use as a treatment for snoring. LAUP also has been used as a treatment for sleep-related breathing disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea. The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine reviewed the available literature, and developed these practice parameters as a guide to the appropriate use of this surgery. Adequate controlled studies on the LAUP procedure for sleep-related breathing disorders were not found in peer-reviewed journals. This is consistent with findings in the original practice parameters on LAUP published in 1994. The following recommendations are based on the review of the literature: LAUP is not recommended for treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders. However, it does appear to be comparable to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) for treatment of snoring. Individuals who are candidates for LAUP as a treatment for snoring should undergo a polysomnographic or cardiorespiratory evaluation for sleep-related breathing disorders prior to LAUP and periodic postoperative evaluations for the development of same. Patients should be informed of the best available information of the risks, benefits, and complications of the procedure. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Sepulveda, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Ctr Excellence Sleep Disorders, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Sleep Consultants Inc, Ft Worth, TX USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Tampa, FL USA. Baptist Med Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. St Patrick Hosp Sleep Ctr, Missoula, MT USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston VAMC Sleep Disorders & Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Otolaryngol & Commun Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Littner, M (reprint author), Amer Acad Sleep Med, Stand Practice Comm, 6301 Bandel Rd,Suite 101, Rochester, MN 55901 USA. NR 56 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD AUG 1 PY 2001 VL 24 IS 5 BP 603 EP 619 PG 17 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 454KU UT WOS:000169972400011 PM 11480657 ER PT J AU Aronson, AJ Glaspy, JA Reddy, ST Reese, D Heber, D Bagga, D AF Aronson, AJ Glaspy, JA Reddy, ST Reese, D Heber, D Bagga, D TI Modulation of omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated ratios with dietary fish oils in men with prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; CARCINOMA-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; RISK; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; CONSUMPTION; GROWTH AB Objectives. The results of epidemiologic and animal studies support the role of a low-fat diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids contained in fish oil in preventing the development and progression of prostate cancer. As a first step in studying the role of a low-fat, fish oil-supplemented (LF/FOS) diet in a clinical setting, we conducted a prospective study in men with untreated prostate cancer to evaluate whether a 3-month dietary intervention affects the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in plasma and gluteal fat, In addition, we evaluated the feasibility of studying cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in serial prostate needle biopsy specimens before and after the diet. Methods. Nine men with untreated prostate cancer consumed an LF/FOS diet for 3 months. Plasma, gluteal adipose tissue, and prostate needle biopsy specimens were obtained from each patient before and after the intervention. The fatty acid compositions of the plasma and gluteal adipose tissue were determined by gas-liquid chromatography, and the COX-2 expression in the prostatic tissue specimens was determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. Short-term intervention with an LF/FOS diet caused a significant increase in the omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratio in plasma (P = 0.002) and gluteal adipose tissue (P = 0.002) in men with prostate cancer. The COX-2 expression in prostatic tissue was quantitated by RT-PCR in 7 of 9 patients, and COX-2 expression decreased in 4 of these 7 patients. Conclusions. A short-term dietary intervention in men with prostate cancer leads to a significant increase in the omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratios in plasma and adipose tissue. The potential for this diet to prevent the development and progression of prostate cancer by way of altered COX-2 expression and prostaglandin production in prostatic tissue requires further study. UROLOGY 58: 283-288, 2001. (C) 2001, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Urol Oncol Program, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Human Nutr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Aronson, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 66-124 Ctr Hlth Sci,Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD AUG PY 2001 VL 58 IS 2 BP 283 EP 288 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 460GW UT WOS:000170300700041 ER PT J AU Wyatt, LW Chung, CY Carlsen, B Iida-Klein, A Rudkin, GH Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Wyatt, LW Chung, CY Carlsen, B Iida-Klein, A Rudkin, GH Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) alter connexin 43 phosphorylation in MC3T3-E1 Cells SO BMC CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GAP JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; INTER-CELLULAR COMMUNICATION; INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; INVITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; CALVARIA; DEFECTS AB Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and transforming growth factor-betas (TGF-betas) are important regulators of bone repair and regeneration. BMP-2 and TGF-beta1 have been shown to inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in MC3T3-E1 cells. Connexin 43 ( Cx43) has been shown to mediate GJIC in osteoblasts and it is the predominant gap junctional protein expressed in these murine osteoblast-like cells. We examined the expression, phosphorylation, and subcellular localization of Cx43 after treatment with BMP-2 or TGF-beta1 to investigate a possible mechanism for the inhibition of GJIC. Results: Northern blot analysis revealed no detectable change in the expression of Cx43 mRNA. Western blot analysis demonstrated no significant change in the expression of total Cx43 protein. However, significantly higher ratios of unphosphorylated vs. phosphorylated forms of Cx43 were detected after BMP-2 or TGF-beta1 treatment. Immunofluorescence and cell protein fractionation revealed no detectable change in the localization of Cx43 between the cytosol and plasma membrane. Conclusions: BMP-2 and TGF-beta1 do not alter expression of Cx43 at the mRNA or protein level. BMP-2 and TGF-beta1 may inhibit GJIC by decreasing the phosphorylated form of Cx43 in MC3T3-E1 cells. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [F32-AG05708-01, F32 AG005708] NR 30 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2121 J9 BMC CELL BIOL JI BMC Cell Biol. PD JUL 30 PY 2001 VL 2 AR 14 DI 10.1186/1471-2121-2-14 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 501NF UT WOS:000172690200001 PM 11504560 ER PT J AU Radant, A Tsuang, D Peskind, ER McFall, M Raskind, W AF Radant, A Tsuang, D Peskind, ER McFall, M Raskind, W TI Biological markers and diagnostic accuracy in the genetics of posttraumatic stress disorder SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE startle reaction; hippocampus; comorbidity; heritability; hypothalamic hormones ID FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; URINARY CORTISOL EXCRETION; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR NUMBER; JUVENILE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; VIETNAM VETERANS; RISK-FACTORS AB Family End twin studies suggest a substantial genetic contribution to the etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identification of the nature of this genetic contribution should enhance understanding of the pathophysiology of PTSD and suggest improved therapeutic strategies for its treatment. However, a broadly defined phenotype, specific requirement for an environmental exposure and high frequency of comorbid psychiatric illness all complicate genetic studies of PTSD, It is likely that genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, pleiotropy and the involvement of more than one gene all constitute formidable obstacles to the genetic analysis of PTSD. One way to circumvent these problems is to perform genetic analysis of traits associated with PTSD, rather than PTSD itself, an approach that has been fruitful for other diseases with complex modes of inheritance. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hypofunction, physiologic markers of increased arousal, and increased acoustic startle response are all potential PTSD-associated traits that might be susceptible to genetic analysis. However, the capacity of these traits to distinguish PTSD from non-PTSD patients and their familial pattern must be better defined before they can be employed in genetic studies. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Med Ctr, Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv,VA Puget Sound, Vet Affairs NE Network MIRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Radant, A (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv,VA Puget Sound, Vet Affairs NE Network MIRECC, 116-MHC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 NR 102 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD JUL 24 PY 2001 VL 102 IS 3 BP 203 EP 215 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(01)00252-9 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 452JZ UT WOS:000169855700001 PM 11440771 ER PT J AU Yaffe, K Barnes, D Nevitt, M Lui, LY Covinsky, K AF Yaffe, K Barnes, D Nevitt, M Lui, LY Covinsky, K TI A prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women - Women who walk SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AEROBIC EXERCISE; OLDER ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; DEMENTIA; MEN; AGE; FRACTURE; DISEASE AB Background: Several studies have suggested that physical activity is positively associated with cognitive function in elderly persons. Evidence about this association has been limited by the cross-sectional design of most studies and by the frequent lack of adjustment for potential confounding variables. We determined whether physical activity is associated with cognitive decline in a prospective study of older women. Methods: We studied 5925 predominantly white community-dwelling women (aged greater than or equal to 65 years) who were recruited at 4 clinical centers and were without baseline cognitive impairment or physical limitations. We measured cognitive performance using a modified Mini-Mental State Examination at baseline and 6 to 8 years later. Physical activity was measured by self-reported blocks (1 block approximate to 160 m) walked per week and by total kilocalories (energy) expended per week in recreation, blocks walked, and stairs climbed. Cognitive decline was defined as a 3-point decline or greater on repeated modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Results: Women with a greater physical activity level at baseline were less likely to experience cognitive de dine during the 6 to 8 years of follow-up: cognitive decline occurred in 17%, 18%, 22%, and 24% of those in the highest, third, second, and lowest quartile of blocks walked per week (P < .001 for trend). Almost identical results were obtained by quartile of total kilocalories expended per week. After adjustment for age, educational level, comorbid conditions, smoking status, estrogen use, and functional limitation, women in the highest quartile remained less likely than women in the lowest quartile to develop cognitive decline (for blocks walked: odds ratio, 0.66 [95% confidence interval, 0.54-0.82]; for total kilocalories: odds ratio, 0.74 [95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.90]). Conclusions: Women with higher levels of baseline physical activity were less likely to develop cognitive decline. This association was not explained by differences in baseline function or health status. This finding supports the hypothesis that physical activity prevents cognitive decline in older community-dwelling women. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Publ Hlth & Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yaffe, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, Campus Box 111G,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05394, AG05407, K23-AG00888]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR35582, AR35583] NR 30 TC 393 Z9 409 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL 23 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 14 BP 1703 EP 1708 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.14.1703 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 453MY UT WOS:000169920700001 PM 11485502 ER PT J AU Shekelle, P Eccles, MP Grimshaw, JM Woolf, SH AF Shekelle, P Eccles, MP Grimshaw, JM Woolf, SH TI When should clinical guidelines be updated? SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AA, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Family Practice, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. RP Shekelle, P (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1700 Main St,POB 2138,M-26, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. RI Grimshaw, Jeremy/D-8726-2013 OI Grimshaw, Jeremy/0000-0001-8015-8243 NR 10 TC 111 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 3 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUL 21 PY 2001 VL 323 IS 7305 BP 155 EP 157 DI 10.1136/bmj.323.7305.155 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 456WR UT WOS:000170106200024 PM 11463690 ER PT J AU Grewal, JS Luttrell, LM Raymond, JR AF Grewal, JS Luttrell, LM Raymond, JR TI G protein-coupled receptors desensitize and down-regulate epidermal growth factor receptors in renal mesangial cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MITOGENIC SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TYROSINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; FLUID-PHASE ENDOCYTOSIS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; EGF RECEPTOR; ANGIOTENSIN-II; BETA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; PHORBOL ESTER AB Different types of plasma membrane receptors engage in various forms of cross-talk. We used cultures of rat renal mesangial cells to study the regulation of EGF receptors (EGFRs) by various endogenous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs (5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) lysophosphatidic acid, angiotensin AT(1), bradykinin B-2) were shown to transactivate EGFRs through a protein kinase C-dependent pathway. This transactivation resulted in the initiation of multiple cellular signals (phosphorylation of the EGFRs and ERK and activation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB), NF-kappaB, and E2F), as well as subsequent rapid down-regulation of cell-surface EGFRs and internalization and desensitization of the EGFRs without change in the total cellular complement of EGFRs. Internalization of the EGFRs and the down-regulation of cell-surface receptors in mesangial cells were blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and in HEK293 cells by transfection of cDNA constructs that encode dominant negative beta -arrestin-1 or dynamin. Whereas all of the effects of GPCRs on EGFRs were dependent to a great extent on protein kinase C, those initiated by EGF were not. These studies demonstrate that GPCRs can induce multiple signals through protein kinase C-dependent transactivation of EGFRs. Moreover, GPCRs induce profound desensitization of EGFRs by a process associated with the loss of cell-surface EGFRs through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Specialty Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Raymond, JR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Rm 829,Clin Sci Bldg,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK55524, DK54720, DK52448] NR 81 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 20 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 29 BP 27335 EP 27344 DI 10.1074/jbc.M103578200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 454HJ UT WOS:000169966900081 PM 11371570 ER PT J AU Sheehan, J Templer, M Gregory, M Hanumanthaiah, R Troyer, D Phan, T Thankavel, B Jagadeeswaran, P AF Sheehan, J Templer, M Gregory, M Hanumanthaiah, R Troyer, D Phan, T Thankavel, B Jagadeeswaran, P TI Demonstration of the extrinsic coagulation pathway in teleostei: Identification of zebrafish coagulation factor VII SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TISSUE FACTOR; BLOOD-COAGULATION; GENOME EVOLUTION; SWISS-MODEL; FACTOR XA; HEMOSTASIS; PROTHROMBIN; DUPLICATIONS; MOLECULES; INHIBITOR AB It is not known whether the mammalian mechanism of coagulation initiation is conserved in fish. Identification of factor VII is critical in providing evidence for such a mechanism. A cDNA was cloned from a zebrafish (teleost) library that predicted a protein with sequence similarity to human factor VII. Factor VII was shown to be present in zebrafish blood and liver by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Immunodepletion of factor VII from zebrafish plasma selectively inhibited thromboplastin-triggered thrombin generation. Heterologous expression of zebrafish factor VII demonstrated a secreted protein (50 kDa) that reconstituted thromboplastin-triggered thrombin generation in immunodepleted zebrafish plasma. These results suggest conservation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway between zebrafish and humans and add credence to the zebrafish as a model for mammalian hemostasis. The structure of zebrafish factor VIIa predicted by homology modeling was consistent with the overall three-dimensional structure of human factor VIIa. However, amino acid disparities were found in the epidermal growth factor-2/serine protease regions that are present in the human tissue factor-factor VIIa contact surface, suggesting a structural basis for the species specificity of this interaction. In addition, zebrafish factor VII demonstrates that the Gla-EGF-EGF-SP domain structure, which is common to coagulation factors VII, IX, X, and protein C, was present before the radiation of the teleosts from the tetrapods. Identification of zebrafish factor VII significantly narrows the evolutionary window for development of the vertebrate coagulation cascade and provides insight into the structural basis for species specificity in the tissue factor-factor VIIa interaction. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Jagadeeswaran, P (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL63792, R01 HL063792]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 53373] NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 17 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 15 BP 8768 EP 8773 DI 10.1073/pnas.131109398 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 454HK UT WOS:000169967000100 PM 11459993 ER PT J AU Carter, BL Malone, DC Billups, SJ Valuck, RJ Barnette, DJ Sintek, CD Ellis, S Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, M AF Carter, BL Malone, DC Billups, SJ Valuck, RJ Barnette, DJ Sintek, CD Ellis, S Covey, D Mason, B Jue, S Carmichael, J Guthrie, K Dombrowski, R Geraets, DR Amato, M TI Interpreting the findings of the IMPROVE study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE administration; clinical pharmacists; clinical pharmacy; clinical studies; costs; databases; department of veterans affairs; economics; interventions; managed care systems; methodology; outcomes; patient care; pharmaceutical care; pharmaceutical services; pharmacy, institutional, hospital; primary care; quality of life; toxicity ID AFFAIRS MEDICAL-CENTERS; HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; CLINICAL PHARMACISTS; PHARMACEUTICAL CARE; VETERANS; INTERVENTIONS; SELECTION; VALIDITY; SCORE AB Various findings of the Impact of Managed Pharmaceutical Care on Resource Utilization and Outcomes in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (IMPROVE) study are reviewed. Suggestions for future methodologies that will enhance this study are discussed. The IMPROVE study is one of the largest pharmaceutical care st though it was an intervention study that examined global outcomes following management by pharmacists, it was designed as an effectiveness study. Several new practice and research methods were developed, including a method to identify patients at high risk for drug-related problems utilizing pharmacy databases, a method to identify chronic diseases using pharmacy databases, a method to evaluate the structure and process for delivering pharmaceutical care in Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs), and guidelines for providing care to patients in the IMPROVE study. Nine VAMCs participated in the study, and 1054 patients were randomized to either an intervention group (n = 523) or a control group (n = 531). Pharmacists documented a total of 1855 contacts with the intervention group patients and made 3048 therapy-specific interventions over the 12-month study period. There was no meaningful difference in patient satisfaction or quality of life in the two groups. Selected disease-specific indicators found an improved rate of measurement of hemoglobin A(1c) tests and better control of total and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in the intervention group compared with the control group. Total health care costs increased in both groups over the 12-month period. The mean increase in costs in the intervention group was $1020. which was lower than the control group's value of $1313. The lessons learned from the IMPROVE study suggest to future investigators how to study and measure the effects of clinical pharmacy services on patient outcome. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Div Clin & Adm Pharm, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Family Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Dept Family Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. James A Haley Vet Hosp, Tampa Bay, FL USA. Idaho State Univ, Coll Pharm, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. Boise Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Boise, ID USA. Vet Affairs Sierra Nevada Hlth Syst, Reno, NV USA. Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. John L McClellan Mem Vet Hosp, Little Rock, AR USA. Baltimore Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Iowa City Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. Massachusetts Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. RP Carter, BL (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Div Clin & Adm Pharm, S 532,Pharm Bldg, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 20 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 58 IS 14 BP 1330 EP 1337 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 454AE UT WOS:000169949600016 PM 11471481 ER PT J AU Hunninghake, GW Zimmerman, MB Schwartz, DA King, TE Lynch, J Hegele, R Waldron, J Colby, T Muller, N Lynch, D Galvin, J Gross, B Hogg, J Toews, G Helmers, R Cooper, JAD Baughman, R Strange, C Millard, M AF Hunninghake, GW Zimmerman, MB Schwartz, DA King, TE Lynch, J Hegele, R Waldron, J Colby, T Muller, N Lynch, D Galvin, J Gross, B Hogg, J Toews, G Helmers, R Cooper, JAD Baughman, R Strange, C Millard, M TI Utility of a lung biopsy for the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESQUAMATIVE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA; THIN-SECTION CT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OBSERVER VARIATION; ALVEOLITIS; DISEASE; PROGNOSIS; ACCURACY AB It not known if a surgical lung biopsy is necessary in all patients for the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We conducted a blinded, prospective study at eight referring centers. Initially, cases were evaluated by clinical history and examination, transbronchial biopsy, and high-resolution lung computed tomography scans. Pulmonologists at the referring centers then assessed their certainty of the diagnosis of IPF and provided an overall diagnosis, before surgical lung biopsy. The lung biopsies were reviewed by a pathology core and 54 of 91 patients received a pathologic diagnosis of IPF. The positive predictive value of a confident (certain) clinical diagnosis of IPF by the referring centers was 80%. The positive predictive value of a confident clinical diagnosis was higher, when the cases were reviewed by a core of pulmonologists (87%) or radiologists (96%). Lung biopsy was most important for diagnosis in those patients with an uncertain diagnosis and those thought unlikely to have IPF. These studies suggest that clinical and radiologic data that result in a confident diagnosis of IPF by an experienced pulmonologist or radiologist are sufficient to obviate the need for a lung biopsy. Lung biopsy is most helpful when clinical and radiologic data result in an uncertain diagnosis or when patients are thought not to have IPF. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Radiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Radiol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Radiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Mayo Clin Scottsdale, Dept Med, Scottsdale, AZ USA. Mayo Clin Scottsdale, Dept Pathol, Scottsdale, AZ USA. Birmingham VAMC, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. Univ Arkansas, Dept Pathol, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. RP Hunninghake, GW (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, C33-Gh, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. OI Strange, Charlie/0000-0002-8109-8067 NR 30 TC 302 Z9 323 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 164 IS 2 BP 193 EP 196 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 459WW UT WOS:000170275300005 PM 11463586 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Eyeler, J Weinbach, J Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Pierre, JM Eyeler, J Weinbach, J Wirshing, WC TI Risperidone-associated new-onset diabetes SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE risperidone; diabetes; obesity; schizophrenia; serotonin; weight ID MELLITUS; ANTIPSYCHOTICS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DEPRESSION AB Background: Weight gain, and its associated complications such as the development of diabetes, is becoming increasingly recognized as an important potential side effect of the novel antipsychotic drugs. Methods: Two retrospective cases are described in which patients with schizophrenia developed diabetes while taking the antipsychotic medication risperidone. Results: Both patients had preexisting risk factors for diabetes and developed insulin resistance in the context of weight gain. Both cases necessitated medical intervention and one patient requires ongoing treatment with insulin. Conclusions: Although the exact mechanism of antipsychotic induced diabetes remains obscure, weight gain appears to be a significant risk factor. Careful monitoring of weight and fasting glucoses is recommended for any patient taking novel antipsychotic medications. (C) 2001 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 210,Room 15,B151H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUL 15 PY 2001 VL 50 IS 2 BP 148 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01087-3 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 459KL UT WOS:000170249500010 PM 11526997 ER PT J AU Mao, CG Xu, RJ Szulc, ZM Bielawska, A Galadari, SH Obeid, LM AF Mao, CG Xu, RJ Szulc, ZM Bielawska, A Galadari, SH Obeid, LM TI Cloning and characterization of a novel human alkaline ceramidase - A mammalian enzyme that hydrolyzes phytoceramide SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EUKARYOTIC STRESS-RESPONSE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; NEUTRAL CERAMIDASE; ANCHORED PROTEINS; FUMONISIN B-1; CELL-GROWTH; SPHINGOLIPIDS; INHIBITION AB Ceramidases are enzymes involved in regulating cellular levels of ceramides, sphingoid bases, and their phosphates, Based on sequence homology to the yeast alkaline ceramidases YPC1p (Mao, C,, Xu, R,, Bielawska, A., and Obeid, L, M, (2000) J. Biol, Chem. 275, 6876-6884) and YDC1p (Mao, C,, Xu, R,, Bielawska, A., Szulc, Z, M,, and Obeid, L, RI. (2000) J. Biol Chem, 275, 31369-31378), we report the identification and cloning of a cDNA encoding for a novel human alkaline ceramidase (aPHC) that hydrolyzes phytoceramide selectively, Northern blot analysis showed that aPHC was ubiquitously expressed, with the highest expression in placenta. Green fluorescent protein tagging showed that it was localized in both the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression of aPHC in mammalian cells elevated in vitro ceramidase activity toward N-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-C-12-phytoceramide. Its expression in a yeast mutant strain devoid of any ceramidase activity restored the ceramidase activity and caused an increase in the hydrolysis of phytoceramide in yeast cells, thus leading to the decreased biosynthesis of sphingolipids. These data collectively suggest that, similar to the yeast phytoceramidase YPC1p, aPHC has phytoceramidase activity both in vitro and in cells; hence, it is a functional homolog of the yeast phytoceramidase YPC1p, However, in contrast to YPC1p, aPHC exhibited no reverse activity of ceramidase either in vitro or in cells. Biochemical characterization showed that aPHC had a pH optimum of 9.5, was activated by Ca2+, but was inhibited by Zn2+ and sphingosine, Substrate specificity showed that aPHC hydrolyzed phytoceramide preferentially, Together, these data demonstrate that aPHC is a novel human alkaline phytoceramidase, the first mammalian alkaline ceramidase to be identified as being specific for the hydrolysis of phytoceramide. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. United Arab Emirates Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. RP Mao, CG (reprint author), Dept Med, 114 Doughty St,Rm 605 STB,POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 NR 44 TC 96 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 13 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 28 BP 26577 EP 26588 DI 10.1074/jbc.M102818200 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 451VP UT WOS:000169823300122 PM 11356846 ER PT J AU Karlsson, M Reue, K Xia, YR Lusis, AJ Langin, D Tornqvist, H Holm, C AF Karlsson, M Reue, K Xia, YR Lusis, AJ Langin, D Tornqvist, H Holm, C TI Exon-intron organization and chromosomal localization of the mouse monoglyceride lipase gene SO GENE LA English DT Article DE monoglyceride lipase; gene structure; 5 ' leader sequences; 3 ' untranslated region; human cDNA sequence ID HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; TISSUE AB Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) functions together with hormone-sensitive lipase to hydrolyze intracellular triglyceride stores of adipocytes and other cells to fatty acids and glycerol. In addition, MGL presumably complements lipoprotein lipase in completing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides resulting from degradation of lipoprotein triglycerides. Cosmid clones containing the mouse MGL gene were isolated from a genomic library using the coding region of the mouse MGL cDNA as probe. Characterization of the clones obtained revealed that the mouse gene contains the coding sequence for MGL on seven exons, including a large terminal exon of approximately 2.6 kb containing the stop codon and the complete 3 ' untranslated region. Two different 5 ' leader sequences, diverging 21 bp upstream of the predicted translation initiation codon, were isolated from a mouse adipocyte cDNA library. Western blot analysis of different mouse tissues revealed protein size heterogeneities. The amino acid sequence derived from human MGL cDNA clones showed 84% identity with mouse MGL. The mouse MGL gene was mapped to chromosome 6 in a region with known homology to human chromosome 3q21. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lund Univ, BMC, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, S-22184 Lund, Sweden. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Toulouse 3, Hop Rangueil, Fac Med, Inst Louis Bugnard,INSERM,Unite 317, F-31403 Toulouse 4, France. Novo Nordisk AS, Diabet Biol, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. RP Holm, C (reprint author), Lund Univ, BMC, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, C11, S-22184 Lund, Sweden. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 28481] NR 15 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUL 11 PY 2001 VL 272 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00559-5 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 467WR UT WOS:000170727200002 PM 11470505 ER PT J AU Fernandez, M Raskind, W Matsushita, M Wolff, J Lipe, H Bird, T AF Fernandez, M Raskind, W Matsushita, M Wolff, J Lipe, H Bird, T TI Hereditary benign chorea - Clinical and genetic features of a distinct disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GTP CYCLOHYDROLASE-I; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; RESPONSIVE DYSTONIA; CHROMOSOME 14Q; MUTATIONS; MAPS AB Objective To describe a second family with benign hereditary chorea (BCH, OMIM 118700) and suggestive Linkage to chromosome 14q. BGH is an autosomal dominant disorder of early onset that differs from Huntington disease in being nondementing and nonprogressive without other neurologic signs. There has been controversy regarding the existence of BCH as a discrete disorder. Background: A single kindred was recently reported with Linkage of BCH to a 20.6-KcM region on chromosome 14q. Methods In a four-generation family with BCH, linkage was evaluated to markers in a 23-KcM region between D14S49 and D14S66 that contains the putative BCH locus. Results: A multipoint nonparametric Iod score of 3.01 is consistent with linkage of disease in this family to the 14q BCH locus. A recombination event in one affected individual enabled the critical region to be narrowed to 6.93 KcM flanked by D14S1068 and D14S1064. This region contains two candidate genes: glial maturation factor beta and guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GCH1). Survival motor neuron (SMN) interacting protein-1 is eliminated as a candidate gene because it Lies outside the critical region. No sequence alteration was identified in the coding region of GCH1 in an affected individual. Conclusion: These data provide further evidence that BCH is a distinct entity, narrow the location of BCH to a 6.93-KcM region on chromosome 14q, and exclude SMN interacting protein-1 as a candidate gene. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr & Mental Illness Res Serv, VISN 20, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bird, T (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Geriatr Res Serv, S-182-GRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 T32 AG00258-01A1] NR 20 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL 10 PY 2001 VL 57 IS 1 BP 106 EP 110 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 449TD UT WOS:000169702500019 PM 11445636 ER PT J AU Ogretmen, B Schady, D Usta, J Wood, R Kraveka, JM Luberto, C Birbes, H Hannun, YA Obeid, LM AF Ogretmen, B Schady, D Usta, J Wood, R Kraveka, JM Luberto, C Birbes, H Hannun, YA Obeid, LM TI Role of ceramide in mediating the inhibition of telomerase activity in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CATALYTIC SUBUNIT GENE; GLUCOSYLCERAMIDE SYNTHASE; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; ADRIAMYCIN RESISTANCE; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; INTERFERON-ALPHA; CANCER-CELLS; TUMOR-CELLS; IN-VITRO AB This study was designed to analyze whether ceramide, a bioeffector of growth suppression, plays a role in the regulation of telomerase activity in A549 cells. Telomerase activity was inhibited significantly by exogenous C-6-ceramide, but not by the biologically inactive analog dihydro-C-6-ceramide, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with 85% inhibition produced by 20 muM C-6-ceramide at 24 h, Moreover, analysis of phosphatidylserine translocation from the inner to the outer plasma membrane by flow cytometry and of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase degradation by Western blotting showed that ceramide treatment (20 muM for 24 h) had no apoptotic effects. Trypan blue exclusion, [H-3]thymidine incorporation, and cell cycle analyses, coupled with clonogenic cell survival assay on soft agar, showed that ceramide treatment with a 20 muM concentration at 24 h resulted in the cell cycle arrest of the majority of the cell population at G(0)/G(1) with no detectable cell death, These results suggest that the inhibition of telomerase by ceramide is not a consequence of cell death but is correlated with growth arrest. Next, to determine the role of endogenous ceramide in telomerase modulation, A549 cells were transiently transfected with an expression vector containing the full-length bacterial sphingomyelinase cDNA (b-SMase). The overexpression of b-SMase, but not exogenously applied purified b-SMase enzyme, resulted in significantly decreased telomerase activity compared with controls, showing that the increased endogenous ceramide is sufficient for telomerase inhibition. Moreover, treatment of A549 cells with daunorubicin at 1 muM for 6 h resulted in the inhibition of telomerase, which correlated with the elevation of endogenous ceramide levels and growth arrest. Finally, stable overexpression of human glucosylceramide synthase, which attenuates ceramide levels by converting ceramide to glucosylceramide, prevented the inhibitory effects of C-6-ceramide and daunorubicin on telomerase, Therefore, these results provide novel data showing for the first time that ceramide is a candidate upstream regulator of telomerase. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Biochem, Beirut, Lebanon. RP Obeid, LM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA87584]; NIA NIH HHS [AG12467, AG16583]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM43825] NR 56 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 6 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 27 BP 24901 EP 24910 DI 10.1074/jbc.M100314200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 451KF UT WOS:000169800700063 PM 11335714 ER PT J AU Schmidlin, F Dery, O DeFea, KO Slice, L Patierno, S Sternini, C Grady, EF Bunnett, NW AF Schmidlin, F Dery, O DeFea, KO Slice, L Patierno, S Sternini, C Grady, EF Bunnett, NW TI Dynamin and Rab5a-dependent trafficking and signaling of the neurokinin 1 receptor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-P RECEPTOR; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; ARRESTIN-DEPENDENT ENDOCYTOSIS; KAPPA-OPIOID RECEPTOR; BETA-ARRESTIN; RAB GTPASES; BETA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; INDUCED INTERNALIZATION; NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE AB Understanding the molecular mechanisms of agonist-induced trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors is important because of the essential role of trafficking in signal transduction. We examined the role of the GT-Pases dynamin 1 and Rab5a in substance P (SP)-induced trafficking and signaling of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), an important mediator of pain, depression, and inflammation, by studying transfected cells and enteric neurons that naturally express the NK1R, In unstimulated cells, the NK1R colocalized with dynamin at the plasma membrane, and Rab5a was detected in endosomes, SP induced translocation of the receptor into endosomes containing Rab5a immediately beneath the plasma membrane and then in a perinuclear location. Expression of the dominant negative mutants dynamin 1 K44E and Rab5aS34N inhibited endocytosis of SP by 45 and 32%, respectively. Dynamin K44E caused membrane retention of the NK1R, whereas Rab5aS34N also impeded the translocation of the receptor from superficially located to perinuclear endosomes, Both dynamin K44E and Rab5aS34N strongly inhibited resensitization of SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization by 60 and 85%, respectively, but had no effect on NK1R desensitization. Dynamin K44E but not Rab5aS34N markedly reduced SP-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2. Thus, dynamin mediates the formation of endosomes containing the NK1R, and Rab5a mediates both endosomal formation and their translocation from a superficial to a perinuclear location. Dynamin and Rab5a-dependent trafficking is essential for NK1R resensitization but is not necessary for desensitization of signaling. Dynamin-dependent but not Rab5a-dependent trafficking is required for coupling of the NK1R to the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. These processes may regulate the nociceptive, depressive, and proinflammatory effects of SP. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Bunnett, NW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, 521 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK39957, DK35740, DK43207, DK52388, DK54155] NR 65 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 6 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 27 BP 25427 EP 25437 DI 10.1074/jbc.M101688200 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 451KF UT WOS:000169800700133 PM 11306580 ER PT J AU Casarett, DJ Inouye, SK AF Casarett, DJ Inouye, SK CA Amer Coll Physicians Amer Soc In TI Diagnosis and management of delirium near the end of life SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HOSPITALIZED OLDER PATIENTS; ACUTE CONFUSIONAL STATES; ILL CANCER-PATIENTS; TERMINAL CANCER; OPIOID ROTATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS; RENAL-FAILURE; MENTAL STATUS; RATING-SCALE AB Delirium is a common and distressing symptom that constitutes a significant challenge for end-of-life care. However, reliable techniques are available for the diagnosis of delirium, and effective therapies exist as well. This consensus paper uses a case-based format that begins with an overview of the definition and presentation of delirium. Next, strategies for diagnosis are suggested, with attention to the unique challenges that clinicians face in pursuing a diagnostic work-up for patients near the end of life. The paper concludes with a review of therapeutic options. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Casarett, DJ (reprint author), Care of Snyder L, Amer Coll Phys, Amer Soc Internal Med, 190 N Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00949] NR 49 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 3 PY 2001 VL 135 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 449JC UT WOS:000169680500005 PM 11434730 ER PT J AU Vakil, NB Shaker, R Johnson, DA Kovacs, T Baerg, RD Hwang, C D'Amico, D Hamelin, B AF Vakil, NB Shaker, R Johnson, DA Kovacs, T Baerg, RD Hwang, C D'Amico, D Hamelin, B TI The new proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole is effective as a maintenance therapy in GERD patients with healed erosive oesophagitis: a 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; LONG-TERM THERAPY; ENDOSCOPIC ASSESSMENT; NATURAL-HISTORY; ESOPHAGITIS; OMEPRAZOLE; CLASSIFICATION; RELAPSE AB Background: Esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, is the first proton pump inhibitor to be developed as an optical isomer, In patients with erosive oesophagitis, esomeprazole has produced significantly greater healing rates and improved symptom resolution vs. omeprazole. Aim: This study assesses the efficacy of esomeprazole for preventing relapse in patients with healed oesophagitis. Methods: In this 6-month US multicentre randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 375 Helicobacter pylori-negative patients with endoscopically healed oesophagitis received esomeprazole 40 mg, 20 mg, 10 mg, or placebo once daily. The primary efficacy end-point was maintenance of healing at 6 months. Secondary end-points assessed changes in symptoms, and long-term safety and tolerability. Results: Significantly (P < 0.001) more patients remained healed with esomeprazole 40 mg (87.9%), 20 mg (78.7%), or 10 mg (54.2%), than with placebo (29.1%). Relapse, when it occurred, was later with esomeprazole. Sustained resolution of heartburn was observed in the 40 mg and 20 mg groups; there was a high correlation between absence of heartburn and maintenance of healing. Adverse effects were mild, infrequent and not significantly different between groups. Conclusions: Esomeprazole is effective and well-tolerated in the maintenance of healing of erosive oesophagitis, Esomeprazole 40 mg and 20 mg offer significant clinical benefit to patients. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Sinai Samaritan Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA. W Los Angeles VAMC, CURE Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Tacoma Digest Dis Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. AstraZeneca LP, Wayne, PA USA. RP Vakil, NB (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Sinai Samaritan Med Ctr, 945 N 12th St,Room 4040, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. NR 19 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 7 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01024.x PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 447HK UT WOS:000169565700004 PM 11421866 ER PT J AU El-Serag, HB Hepworth, EJ Lee, P Sonnenberg, A AF El-Serag, HB Hepworth, EJ Lee, P Sonnenberg, A TI Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a risk factor for laryngeal and pharyngeal cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CARCINOMA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ESOPHAGITIS; ALCOHOLISM AB OBJECTIVE: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a proposed risk factor for developing laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers. No controlled study has examined this association. METHODS: A case-control study was performed using the computerized hospitalization and outpatient databases of the US Department of Veterans Affairs. All patients, who were veterans, had been identified as being hospitalized with laryngeal or pharyngeal during 1991 to 1997. In addition, all persons diagnosed with laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer in 1999 in the outpatient files were identified. From the same patient populations, four nonmatched control subjects were randomly assigned for each case. The medical history for cases and controls was retrospectively searched for GERD diagnoses, tobacco use, and alcohol dependence. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the risk factors for laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers. RESULTS: A total of 8,228 hospitalized patients with laryngeal cancers and 1,912 with pharyngeal cancers were compared to 32,912 and 7,648 hospitalized controls, while 9,292 outpatients with laryngeal cancer and 2,769 outpatients with pharyngeal cancer were compared with 37,168 and 11,076 outpatient controls without cancer. Among hospitalized persons, the prevalence of GERD was higher among patients with laryngeal cancer (8.9 vs 4.0%, p < 0.0001) and pharyngeal cancer (6.2 vs 3.8%, p < 0.0001). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis that was controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, smoking, and alcohol, GERD was associated with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.40 for laryngeal cancer among hospitalized patients (95% CI 2.15-2.69, p < 0.0001) and an adjusted OR of 2.38 (95% CI 1.87-3.02, p < 0.0001) for pharyngeal cancer. For outpatients, GERD was associated with an adjusted OR = 2.31 (95% CI 2.10-2.53) for laryngeal cancer and adjusted OR = 1.92 (95% CI 1.72-2.15). CONCLUSIONS: Among US veterans, the risk for laryngeal or pharyngeal cancers is modestly increased in the presence of GERD. This effect seems to be independent of age, gender, smoking, and alcohol intake. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Albuquerque Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, 39 A,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 27 TC 67 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 96 IS 7 BP 2013 EP 2018 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02497-2 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 452CM UT WOS:000169839600013 PM 11467626 ER PT J AU Lee, OY Mayer, EA Schmulson, M Chang, L Naliboff, B AF Lee, OY Mayer, EA Schmulson, M Chang, L Naliboff, B TI Gender-related differences in IBS symptoms SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; CHRONIC PAIN; GENERAL-POPULATION; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; INTESTINAL GAS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CONSTIPATION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; FEMALES AB OBJECTIVE: Women are more likely than men to report irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms as well as chronic visceral and musculoskeletal pain. The study tests the general hypothesis that female IBS patients differ from their male counterparts in symptoms related to the viscera and musculoskeletal system, and that these differences are related to the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Seven hundred fourteen Rome positive IBS patients were evaluated for GI and extracolonic symptoms, psychological symptoms (SCL-90R), and quality of Life (QOL) (SF-36). In addition, 54 postmenopausal women were compared with 61 premenopausal women and 54 age-matched mates, all with IBS. RESULTS: Male and female subjects reported similar GI levels of symptom;severity and psychological problems. Abdominal distension associated with a sensation of bloating was more commonly reported by female patients, as were symptoms of constipation. Female patients more often reported nausea, alterations of taste and smell, and unpleasant sensations on the tongue, muscle stiffness in the morning, greater food sensitivity, and side effects from medications. Forty percent of female patients reported menstrual cycle-related worsening of symptoms, but few symptom differences were found between pre- and postmenopausal women, making it unlikely that most of the gender differences observed are directly tied to the menstrual cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Female patients report higher levels of a variety of intestinal and nonintestinal sensory symptoms despite similar levels of IBS severity, abdominal pain, psychological symptoms, and illness impact. The apparent differences in sensitivity to nonpainful visceral sensations, medications, and food may represent altered sensory processes, autonomic responses, and/or cognitive hypervigilance. (C) 2001 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Hanyang Univ, Dept Med, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea. Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Gastroenterol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Naliboff, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Neuroenter Dis program, WLA VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Room 223, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 50 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 96 IS 7 BP 2184 EP 2193 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02524-2 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 452CM UT WOS:000169839600038 PM 11467651 ER PT J AU Hampel, H Bynum, GD Zamora, E El-Serag, HB AF Hampel, H Bynum, GD Zamora, E El-Serag, HB TI Risk factors for the development of renal dysfunction in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; AMINOGLYCOSIDE NEPHROTOXICITY; LIVER-DISEASE; FAILURE; IMPAIRMENT AB OBJECTIVE: Hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis are predisposed to acute renal failure. We sought to identify the role of liver disease severity, infectious complications, and in-hospital treatment with aminoglycosides as risk factors for acute renal failure among patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: In a retrospective, case-control study at the Albuquerque VA Medical Center, electronic and manual chart review was employed to identify all hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and normal renal function (serum creatinine less than or equal to 1.3 mg/dl) at the time of hospitalization. Cases were defined as patients who developed renal dysfunction (increase in creatinine of greater than or equal to 1.0 mg/dl) within 15 days of hospitalization, and the remaining patients were controls. RESULTS: Of 93 patients, there were 23 cases and 70 controls. There were no significant differences in age; etiology of cirrhosis, serum levels of albumin, or bilirubin, prothrombin time, encephalopathy, bacteremia, urinary tract infection, or occurrence of esophageal variceal bleeding. Patients who developed renal dysfunction were more likely to have ascites (87% vs 41%, p < 0.01), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (44% vs 1%, p < 0.01), and treatment with i.v. aminoglycosides (48% vs 19%, p < 0.01). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, aminoglycosides treatment was a strong risk factor for renal dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio = 4.0, 95% CI = 1.4-11), independent of the severity of liver disease or peritonitis. CONCLUSION: Avoidance: of aminoglycoside antibiotics may reduce the occurrence of renal dysfunction in-hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. In addition, close monitoring of renal function should be employed among patients with ascites and/or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Internal Med & Gastroenterol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP El-Serag, HB (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 15 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 96 IS 7 BP 2206 EP 2210 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02521-7 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 452CM UT WOS:000169839600041 PM 11467654 ER PT J AU Thorp, ML Morris, CD Bagby, SP AF Thorp, ML Morris, CD Bagby, SP TI A crossover study of gabapentin in treatment of restless legs syndrome among hemodialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hemodialysis (HD); restless legs syndrome (RLS); gabapentin ID MOVEMENTS AB Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common entity affecting hemodialysis patients. Although the cause of RLS remains unclear, a number of therapies have been used successfully to treat the disorder, Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant shown to alleviate symptoms of RLS in two small studies of nonhemodialysis patients, Because it is excreted renally, gabapentin has a long half-life among hemodialysis patients and may be advantageous if proven effective. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-crossover study of gabapentin in the treatment of RLS among a population of hemodialysis patients. Sixteen patients identified with RLS were randomized to either gabapentin or placebo. After 6 weeks of treatment with 200 to 300 mg of gabapentin after each hemodialysis session, patients' RLS was reassessed. After a I-week washout period, patients were switched from gabapentin to placebo or placebo to gabapentin, After another 6 weeks, patients' RLS was assessed again. Patient data were analyzed using both parametric and nonparametric means. Thirteen of the Is original patients completed the study, Two patients dropped out because of lethargy (believed to be secondary to gabapentin), and 1 patient died secondary to myocardial infarction, Eleven patients responded to gabapentin, but not placebo (P < 0,01), One patient responded to both, and 1 patient responded to placebo, but not gabapentin, Gabapentin is an effective treatment for RLS in hemodialysis patients. (C) 2001 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol Hypertens & Clin Pharmacol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Thorp, ML (reprint author), 6902 SE Lake Rd, Milwaukee, WI USA. NR 13 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 1 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1053/ajkd.2001.25202 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 450EY UT WOS:000169729600016 PM 11431189 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, MA Roper, JM Hahn, P AF Gutierrez, MA Roper, JM Hahn, P TI Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines - When to expect the unexpected SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article ID ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES; FLUMAZENIL; MIDAZOLAM; TRIAZOLAM; DRUGS C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Med Ctr, Dual Diagnosis Treatment Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gutierrez, MA (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 101 IS 7 BP 34 EP 39 PG 6 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 528ZV UT WOS:000174276300019 PM 11469127 ER PT J AU Giri, D Ittmann, M AF Giri, D Ittmann, M TI Interleukin-8 is a paracrine inducer of fibroblast growth factor 2, a stromal and epithelial growth factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNA; HUMAN FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR-2; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CARDIAC MYOCYTES; CANCER CELLS; EXPRESSION; TUMORIGENICITY; PROLIFERATION; PROMOTER; FGF-2 AB Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an extremely common disease of older men in which there is benign overgrowth of the prostatic transition zone, leading to obstruction of urine outflow. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2, a potent growth factor for prostatic stromal and epithelial cells, is increased twofold in BPH and its concentration is correlated with stromal proliferation in this condition, immunohistochemistry of normal and hyperplastic prostate revealed that FGF2-expressing stromal cells were present in higher numbers near the epithelial acini, implying that epithelial cells may express a factor that induces FGF2 expression by stromal cells. Conditioned medium from primary cultures of prostatic epithelial cells was capable of inducing increased expression of FGF2 by primary stromal cultures. Blocking experiments with neutralizing anti-interleukin (IL)-8 antibodies and pretreatment with lipopolysaccharide, which down-regulates the IL-8 receptor, show that this inducing activity is because of the presence of IL-8 in the epithelial-conditioned medium. Analysis of normal prostatic peripheral zone and BPH tissue by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reveals that IL-8 is present at increased levels in hyperplastic prostate. Therefore IL-8 produced by prostatic epithelial cells can induce FGF2, a potent stromal and epithelial growth factor, and In this manner promote the abnormal proliferation of the prostatic transition zone that is critical in the pathogenesis of BPH. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), Houston VAMC, Res Serv 151, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK054170, R01 DK54170] NR 27 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 159 IS 1 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)61681-1 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 448XM UT WOS:000169655300018 PM 11438462 ER PT J AU Thomas, PS Kasahara, H Edmonson, AM Izumo, S Yacoub, MH Barton, PJR Gourdie, RG AF Thomas, PS Kasahara, H Edmonson, AM Izumo, S Yacoub, MH Barton, PJR Gourdie, RG TI Elevated expression of Nkx-2.5 in developing myocardial conduction cells SO ANATOMICAL RECORD LA English DT Article DE Nkx-2.5; Csx; conduction system; Purkinje fiber; myocardium; chicken embryo; human; fetus; differentiation; gene expression ID PURKINJE-FIBER DIFFERENTIATION; HOMEOBOX GENE CSX/NKX2.5; HEART; SYSTEM; ENDOTHELIN; CHICK; INDUCTION; TINMAN; HYPERTROPHY; MUTATIONS AB A number of different phenotypes emerge from the mesoderm-derived cardiomyogenic cells of the embryonic tubular heart, including those comprising the cardiac conduction system. The transcriptional regulation of this phenotypic divergence within the cardiomyogenic lineage remains poorly characterized. A relationship between expression of the transcription factor Nkx-2.5 and patterning to form cardiogenic mesoderm subsequent to gastrulation is well established. Nkx-2.5 mRNA continues to be expressed in myocardium beyond the looped, tubular heart stage. To investigate the role of Nkx-2.5 in later development, we have determined the expression pattern of Nkx-2.5 mRNA by in situ hybridization in embryonic chick, fetal mouse, and human hearts, and of Nkx-2.5 protein by immunolocalization in the embryonic chick heart. As development progresses, significant nonuniformities emerge in Nkx-2.5 expression levels. Relative to surrounding force-generating ("working") myocardium, elevated Nkx-2.5 mRNA signal becomes apparent in the specialized cells of the conduction system. Similar differences are found in developing chick, human, and mouse fetal hearts, and nuclear-localized Nkx-2.5 protein is prominently expressed in differentiating chick conduction cells relative to adjacent working myocytes. This tissue-restricted expression of Nkx-2.5 is transient and correlates with the timing of spatio-temporal recruitment of cells to the central and the peripheral conduction system. Our data represent the first report of a transcription factor showing a stage-dependent restriction to different parts of the developing conduction system, and suggest some commonality in this development between birds and mammals. This dynamic pattern of expression is consistent with the hypothesis that Nkx-2.5, and its level of expression, have a role in regulation and/or maintenance of specialized fate selection by embryonic myocardial cells. Anat Rec 263:307-313, 2001. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Imperial Coll Sch Med, London SW3 6LY, England. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Cardiovasc, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Cardiovasc Dev Biol Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Thomas, PS (reprint author), Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Imperial Coll Sch Med, Dovehouse St, London SW3 6LY, England. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL56728] NR 40 TC 46 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0003-276X J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 263 IS 3 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1002/ar.1106 PG 7 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA 448DT UT WOS:000169609300009 PM 11455540 ER PT J AU Au, DH Curtis, JR Psaty, BM AF Au, DH Curtis, JR Psaty, BM TI Risk of myocardial ischaemia and beta-adrenoceptor agonists SO ANNALS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE beta-adrenoceptor; beta-agonists; cardiovascular disease; obstructive pulmonary disease ID PRESCRIBED FENOTEROL; CARDIAC DEATH; NEW-ZEALAND; ASTHMA; BRONCHODILATORS; DESENSITIZATION; TERBUTALINE; ASSOCIATION; SALBUTAMOL; SAFETY AB Modern therapy for both cardiovascular disease and obstructive lung disease involves diametrically opposed manipulations of the beta-adrenoceptor, Beta-agonists reduce airflow limitation and improve symptoms among patients with obstructive lung disease while beta-blockers reduce symptoms, recurrent myocardial ischaemia and all-cause mortality among patients with ischaemic heart disease. There is biological plausibility for beta-agonists leading to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and observational trials have raised concern about the safety of beta-agonists among patients with cardiovascular disease. Although there are many potential causal and noncausal explanations for these observational findings, the implications from these studies are the same. Physicians should be careful when prescribing beta-agonists for patients at risk for ischaemic heart disease. Furthermore, careful consideration should be given to distinguish symptoms caused by cardiovascular versus respiratory aetiologies. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev 152, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Au, DH (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev 152, Dept Vet Affairs, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1M 8AE, ENGLAND SN 0785-3890 J9 ANN MED JI Ann. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 33 IS 5 BP 287 EP 290 DI 10.3109/07853890109002080 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 454GC UT WOS:000169964000001 PM 11491185 ER PT J AU Sheehan, MK Shireman, PK Littooy, FN Baker, VH AF Sheehan, MK Shireman, PK Littooy, FN Baker, VH TI Ureteral injury during aortic aneurysm repair by the retroperitoneal approach SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID VASCULAR-SURGERY AB Three ureteral injuries (two proximal, one middle) associated with retroperitoneal repair of aortic abdominal aneurysms are reported. The authors believe these represent traction injuries that are related to the use of stationary retractors and suggest that complete anterior mobilization of the left kidney from its posterior fossa will decrease the odds of such an injury. C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Peripheral Vasc Surg, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Surg, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Baker, VH (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Peripheral Vasc Surg, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 15 IS 4 BP 481 EP 484 DI 10.1007/s100160010125 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 464BK UT WOS:000170512700013 PM 11525541 ER PT J AU Song, LX Xu, MF Lopes-Virella, MF Huang, Y AF Song, LX Xu, MF Lopes-Virella, MF Huang, Y TI Quercetin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells through extracellular signal-regulated kinase SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE metalloproteinase; expression; quercetin; endothelium ID ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; PROTEIN-KINASE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; TISSUE INHIBITORS; OXIDIZED LDL; FLAVONOIDS; NEOVASCULARIZATION; KERATINOCYTES; COLLAGENASE; ANTIOXIDANT AB Studies have shown that intake of quercetin was inversely associated with mortality from coronary heart disease. Since recent studies documented that disruption of atherosclerotic plaques is the key event triggering acute myocardial infarction, and vascular endothelium-derived matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) contributes to plaque destabilization, we examined the effect of quercetin on MMP-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Our results showed that quercetin significantly inhibited basal and oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-stimulated MMP-1 expression. Our data also indicated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mediated the basal and oxLDL-stimulated expression of MMP-1, and quercetin is a potent inhibitor of ERK, suggesting that quercetin may inhibit MMP-1 expression by blocking the ERK pathway. Finally, we showed that quercetin stimulated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-l expression in oxLDL- and PMA-treated cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time that quercetin inhibited MMP-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that quercetin might contribute to plaque stabilization. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 35 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 391 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 DI 10.1006/abbi.2001.2402 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 449RD UT WOS:000169700200010 PM 11414687 ER PT J AU Brody, AL Saxena, S Stoessel, P Gillies, LA Fairbanks, LA Alborzian, S Phelps, ME Huang, SC Wu, HM Ho, ML Ho, MK Au, SC Maidment, K Baxter, LR AF Brody, AL Saxena, S Stoessel, P Gillies, LA Fairbanks, LA Alborzian, S Phelps, ME Huang, SC Wu, HM Ho, ML Ho, MK Au, SC Maidment, K Baxter, LR TI Regional brain metabolic changes in patients with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal therapy - Preliminary findings SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 12-16, 1999 CL ACAPULCO, MEXICO SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; BASAL GANGLIA; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MOOD DISORDERS; ANTIDEPRESSANT TREATMENTS; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; FUNCTIONAL-ANATOMY; SEROTONIN RELEASE; BEHAVIOR-THERAPY AB Background: In functional brain imaging studies of major depressive disorder (MDD), regional abnormalities have been most commonly found in prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and temporal lobe. We examined baseline regional metabolic abnormalities and metabolic changes from pretreatment to posttreatment in subjects with MDD. We also performed a preliminary comparison of regional changes with 2 distinct forms of treatment (paroxetine and interpersonal psychotherapy). Methods: Twenty-four subjects with unipolar MDD and 16 normal control subjects underwent resting F 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning before and after 12 weeks. Between scans, subjects with MDD were treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal psychotherapy (based on patient preference). while controls underwent no treatment. Results: At baseline, subjects with MDD had higher normalized metabolism than controls in the prefrontal cortex land caudate and thalamus), and lower metabolism in the temporal lobe, With treatment, subjects with MDD had metabolic changes in the direction of normalization in these regions. After treatment, paroxetine-treated subjects had a greater mean decrease in Hamilton Depression Raring Scale score (61.4%) than did subjects treated with interpersonal psychotherapy (38.0%), but both subgroups showed decreases in normalized prefrontal cor tex (paroxetine-treated bilaterally and interpersonal psychotherapy-treated on the right) and left anterior cingulate gyrus metabolism, and increases in normalized left temporal lobe metabolism. Conclusions: Subjects with MDD had regional brain metabolic abnormalities at baseline that tended to normalize with treatment. Regional metabolic changes appeared similar with the Z forms of treatment. These results should be interpreted with caution because of study limitations (small sample size, lack of random assignment to treatment groups, and differential treatment response between treatment subgroups). C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med & Mol Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurobiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Brody, AL (reprint author), 300 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 2340, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM abrody@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-53565] NR 65 TC 324 Z9 335 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 2001 VL 58 IS 7 BP 631 EP 640 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.7.631 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 451KN UT WOS:000169801400001 PM 11448368 ER PT J AU Sherbourne, CD Wells, KB Duan, NH Miranda, J Unutzer, J Jaycox, L Schoenbaum, M Meredith, LS Rubenstein, LV AF Sherbourne, CD Wells, KB Duan, NH Miranda, J Unutzer, J Jaycox, L Schoenbaum, M Meredith, LS Rubenstein, LV TI Long-term effectiveness of disseminating quality improvement for depression in primary care SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MANAGED PRIMARY-CARE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; RECURRENT DEPRESSION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; COGNITIVE THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; OUTCOMES; PSYCHOTHERAPY; GUIDELINES; DISORDERS AB Background: This article addresses whether dissemination of short-term quality improvement (QI) interventions for depression to primary care practices improves patients' clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over 2 years, relative to usual care (UC). Methods: The sample included 1299 patients with current depressive symptoms and 12-month, lifetime, or no depressive disorder from 46 primary care practices in 6 managed care organizations. Clinics were randomized to UC or 1 of 2 QI programs that included training local experts and nurse specialists to provide clinician and patient education, assessment, and treatment planning, plus either nurse care managers for medication follow-up (QI-meds) or access to trained psychotherapists (QI-therapy). Outcomes were assessed every 6 months for 2 years. Results: For most outcomes, differences between intervention and UC patients were not sustained for the full 2 years. However, QI-therapy reduced overall poor outcomes compared with UC by about 8 percentage points throughout 2 years, and by 10 percentage points compared with QI-meds at 24 months. Both interventions improved patients' clinical and role outcomes, relative to UC, over 12 months (eg, a 10-11 and 6-7 percentage point difference in probable depression at 6 and 12 months, respectively). Conclusions; While most outcome improvements were not sustained over the full 2 study years, findings suggest that flexible dissemination of short-term, QI programs in managed primary care can improve patient outcomes well after program termination. Models that support integrated psychotherapy and medication based treatment strategies in primary care have the potential for relatively long-term patient benefits. C1 RAND Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biobehav Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20007 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Sepulveda, CA USA. RP Sherbourne, CD (reprint author), RAND Corp, Hlth Program, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. NR 44 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 2001 VL 58 IS 7 BP 696 EP 703 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.7.696 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 451KN UT WOS:000169801400011 PM 11448378 ER PT J AU Hatch, JP Shinkai, RSA Sakai, S Rugh, JD Paunovich, ED AF Hatch, JP Shinkai, RSA Sakai, S Rugh, JD Paunovich, ED TI Determinants of masticatory performance in dentate adults SO ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mastication; masticatory performance; dentate; structural equation modeling ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; COMPLETE DENTURE WEARERS; OCCLUSAL CONTACT AREA; BITE-FORCE; CHEWING PERFORMANCE; CRANIOMANDIBULAR INDEX; NATURAL DENTITION; FACIAL MORPHOLOGY; POSTCANINE TEETH; EFFICIENCY AB Masticatory performance results fi om a complex interplay of direct and indirect effects, yet most studies employ univariate models. This study tested a multivariate model of masticatory performance for dentate subjects. Explanatory variables included number of functional tooth units, bite force, sex, age, masseter cross-sectional area, presence of temporomandibular disorders. and presence of diabetes mellitus. The population-based sample consisted of 631 dentate subjects aged 37-80 years. Convariance structure analysis showed that 68%, of the variability in masticatory performance could be explained by the combined effects of the explanatory variables. Age and sex did not show a strong effect on masticatory performance, either directly or indirectly through masseter cross-sectional area, temporomandibular disorders. and bite force. Number of functional tooth units and bite force were confirmed as the key determinants of masticatory performance, which suggests that their maintenance may be of major importance for promoting healthful functional status. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthodont, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Campinas, Dept Prosthodont & Periodont, BR-13414900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RP Hatch, JP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthodont, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Shinkai, Rosemary/I-3510-2013 OI Shinkai, Rosemary/0000-0002-4107-5661 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [P50 DE 10756] NR 42 TC 156 Z9 176 U1 0 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0003-9969 J9 ARCH ORAL BIOL JI Arch. Oral Biol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 46 IS 7 BP 641 EP 648 DI 10.1016/S0003-9969(01)00023-1 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 438TR UT WOS:000169070800008 PM 11369319 ER PT J AU Karl, AI Carney, ML Kaul, MP AF Karl, AI Carney, ML Kaul, MP TI The lumbrical provocation test in subjects with median inclusive paresthesia SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE carpal tunnel syndrome; electrodiagnosis; rehabilitation ID CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; ELECTRODIAGNOSIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: To investigate the value of the Lumbrical Provocation Test (LPT) in predicting carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) among patients with symptoms suspicious for CTS. Design: Prospective unigroup technique with blinded comparison of a clinical diagnostic test with 2 commonly used methods of diagnosing CTS: electrodiagnosis and a hand diagram. Setting: Outpatient veterans referred by a heterogeneous group of specialists and generalists to a Veterans Affairs medical center electrodiagnostic laboratory. Patients: Ninety-six consecutive patients who were referred to the electrodiagnostic laboratory with median inclusive paresthesia were evaluated. Interventions: LPT: hold hand as fist for 1 minute (to evaluate changes in paresthesia); electrodiagnostic evaluations: median and ulnar mixed nerve, antidromic sensory, and motor latencies; and hand symptom diagram to describe pain. Main Outcome Measures: Evaluation of symptoms of paresthesia (with or without pain) inclusive of the median nerve distribution distal to the wrist. Prevalence sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of LPT, and electrodiagnosis, and hand diagram tests. Results: Compared with the findings obtained with electrodiagnosis, the sensitivity of the LPT was .37; specificity, .71; positive predictive value, .59; and negative predictive value, .50. Compared with the findings obtained with the use of the hand diagram as a clinical measure, the sensitivity of the LPT was .43, specificity,.71, positive predictive value,.59, and negative predictive value, .56. Conclusion: The LPT has minimal use in predicting CTS in patients with median inclusive paresthesia compared with 2 commonly used methods of diagnosing CTS. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Kaul, MP (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, EMG Lab, POB 1035, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 82 IS 7 BP 935 EP 937 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.23898 PG 3 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 450KV UT WOS:000169742800012 PM 11441381 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Van Remmen, H Yang, HG Chen, XL Mele, J Vijg, J Epstein, CJ Ho, YS Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Van Remmen, H Yang, HG Chen, XL Mele, J Vijg, J Epstein, CJ Ho, YS Richardson, A TI Changes in expression of antioxidant enzymes affect cell-mediated LDL oxidation and oxidized LDL-induced apoptosis in mouse aortic cells SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LDL; transgenic mice; aortas; antioxidant enzymes ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; FAT-FED MICE; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; STRAND BREAKS; COMET ASSAY; STRESS AB Transgenic mice overexpressing Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (hSod1Tg(+/0)) or catalase (hCatTg(+/0)) and knockout mice underexpressing manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2(+/-)) or glutathione peroxidase-l (Gpx1(-/-)) were used to study the effect of antioxidant enzymes on cell-mediated low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-induced apoptosis. Incubation of LDL with mouse aortic segments or smooth muscle cells (SMCs) resulted in a significant increase in LDL oxidation. However, LDL oxidation was significantly reduced when LDL was incubated with aortic segments and SMCs obtained from hSod1Tg(+/0) and hCatTg(+/0) mice compared with those obtained from wild-type mice. In contrast, LDL oxidation was significantly increased when LDL was incubated with aortic segments and SMCs obtained from Sod2(+/-) and Gpx1(-/-) mice. CuSO4-oxidized LDL increased DNA fragmentation and caspase activities in the primary cultures of mouse aortic SMCs. However, oxLDL-induced DNA fragmentation and caspase activities were reduced 50% in SMCs obtained from hSod1Tg(+/0) and hCatTg(+/0) mice compared with wild-type control mice. In contrast, oxLDL-induced DNA fragmentation and caspase activities were significantly increased in SMCs obtained from Sod2(+/-) and Gpx1(-/-) mice. These findings suggest that overexpression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase or catalase reduces cell-mediated LDL oxidation and oxLDL-induced apoptosis, whereas underexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase-1 increases cell-mediated LDL oxidation and oxLDL-induced apoptosis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Wayne State Univ, Inst Chem Toxicol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Biochem, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Guo, ZM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG-13319, P01 AG-16998] NR 41 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1131 EP 1138 DI 10.1161/hq0701.092092 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 455AK UT WOS:000170005200008 PM 11451741 ER PT J AU Gerard, HC Wang, Z Wang, GF El-Gabalawy, H Goldbach-Mansky, R Li, Y Majeed, W Zhang, H Ngai, N Hudson, AP Schumacher, HR AF Gerard, HC Wang, Z Wang, GF El-Gabalawy, H Goldbach-Mansky, R Li, Y Majeed, W Zhang, H Ngai, N Hudson, AP Schumacher, HR TI Chromosomal DNA from a variety of bacterial species is present in synovial tissue from patients with various forms of arthritis SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS DNA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REITERS-SYNDROME; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; PNEUMONIAE; FLUID; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENS; ANTIGENS AB Objective. We and others have reported the presence of Chlamydia and other bacterial species in joint specimens from patients with reactive arthritis (ReA). The present study was conducted to investigate whether bacteria other than those specified by diagnostic criteria for ReA could be identified in synovial fluid (SF) or tissue from patients with various arthritides, and whether the presence of such organisms corresponds to particular clinical characteristics in any patient set or subset. Methods. DNA in synovial biopsy samples and SF obtained from 237 patients with various arthritides, including ReA, rheumatoid arthritis, and undifferentiated oligoarthritis, was assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using "panbacterial" primers; we chose only samples known to be PCR negative for Chlamydia, Borrelia, and Mycoplasma species. PCR products were cloned, and cloned amplicons from each sample were sequenced; DNA sequences were compared against all others in GenBank for identification of bacterial species involved. Results. Ten percent of patient samples were PCR positive in panbacterial screening assays. Bacterial species identified belonged to the genera Neisseria, Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, and others. Thirty-five percent of PCR-positive patients showed the presence of DNA from more than a single bacterial species in synovium; overall, however, we could identify no clear relationship between specific single or multiple bacterial species in the synovium and any general clinical characteristics of any individual or group of patients. Conclusion. This analysis provides the first systematic attempt to relate bacterial nucleic acids in the synovium to clinical characteristics, joint findings, and outcomes. Many patients with arthritis have bacterial DNA in the joint, and, in some cases, DNA from more than a single species is present. However, except for 1 case of a control patient with staphylococcal septic arthritis, it is not clear from the present study whether the synovial presence of such organisms is related to disease pathogenesis or evolution in any or all cases. C1 Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Hudson, AP (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Gordon H Scott Hall,540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541, AR-47186] NR 35 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1689 EP 1697 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200107)44:7<1689::AID-ART293>3.0.CO;2-K PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 498BY UT WOS:000172491000027 PM 11465721 ER PT J AU Paterson, DL Singh, N Rihs, JD Squier, C Rihs, BL Muder, RR AF Paterson, DL Singh, N Rihs, JD Squier, C Rihs, BL Muder, RR TI Control of an outbreak of infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in a liver transplantation unit SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; RESISTANCE AB We report an outbreak of infection due to genotypically identical extended-spectrum beta -lactamase-producing Escherichia coli among patients in a liver transplantation unit. Control of the outbreak was achieved by a combination of contact isolation, feedback on hand hygiene, and gut decontamination with an orally administered fluoroquinolone. These interventions led to abrupt curtailment of the outbreak. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RI Paterson, David/A-9258-2010 NR 8 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 33 IS 1 BP 126 EP 128 DI 10.1086/320882 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 439GB UT WOS:000169101500027 PM 11389506 ER PT J AU Tapp, A Kilzieh, N Wood, AE Raskind, M Tandon, R AF Tapp, A Kilzieh, N Wood, AE Raskind, M Tandon, R TI Depression in patients with schizophrenia during an acute psychotic episode SO COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; FREQUENCY; DIAGNOSIS AB There is disagreement about whether depressive symptoms in schizophrenia are part of the basic disease process, or whether they represent adverse effects of treatment with antipsychotic medications. In a sample of initially antipsychotic drug-free acutely hospitalized patients with schizophrenia (N = 104), we measured change in depressive symptoms after 4 weeks of treatment. We also examined the relationship of changes in depressive symptoms to changes in positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. Depressive symptoms improved after 4 weeks of anti-psychotic medication treatment, and their improvement corresponded with improvement in both positive and negative schizophrenic: symptoms. These results suggest that depressive symptoms in schizophrenia are related to the disease process itself, at least during acute exacerbations of schizophrenia. Depressive symptoms may be responsive to antipsychotic: medications directly or as a secondary response to improvement in positive and negative symptoms. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Washington, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Amer Lake Div, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Michigan, Schizophrenia Program, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Tapp, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Amer Lake Div, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0010-440X J9 COMPR PSYCHIAT JI Compr. Psychiat. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 42 IS 4 BP 314 EP 318 DI 10.1053/comp.2001.24577 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 453UM UT WOS:000169934900008 PM 11458306 ER PT J AU Alvarez, B Quinn, LS Busquets, S Lopez-Soriano, FJ Argiles, JM AF Alvarez, B Quinn, LS Busquets, S Lopez-Soriano, FJ Argiles, JM TI Direct effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on murine skeletal muscle cell lines. Bimodal effects on protein metabolism SO EUROPEAN CYTOKINE NETWORK LA English DT Article DE cytokines; myotubes; cachexia; protein turnover ID UBIQUITIN GENE-EXPRESSION; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CANCER CACHEXIA; MEDIATES CHANGES; RAT; CYTOKINES; RECEPTORS; TURNOVER; PLASMA AB Incubation of murine C2C12 myotubes with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) leads to significant changes in protein content and turnover, suggesting that the cytokine exerts direct effects in skeletal muscle. The effects of the cytokine on protein content show a clear bimodal behaviour. At low concentrations (1 U/ml or less), TNF-alpha decreases both total and myofibrillar protein content, while at relatively high concentrations (100 U/ml or more), the effects are opposite and TNF-alpha increases the total and myofibrillar protein content in C2C12 myotubes. The mechanisms responsible for this latter, unexpected anabolic effect of the cytokine on muscle cells are related to a 40% increase in the rate of protein synthesis and to a significant decrease (14%) in the rate of protein degradation. At high concentrations, TNF-alpha decreased the expression of the mRNA of components of both the ATP- (ubiquitin, E2, C8) and Call-dependent (m-calpain) proteolytic systems. The effects of TNF-alpha (10 U/ml or higher) on protein content of cultured murine myotubes (differentiated myogenic cells) were similar to those induced by insulin (1 or 5 mug/ml), but the effects of TNF-alpha and those of insulin were not additive. Experiments using inhibitors of the signalling pathways mediated by PI3K and MAP kinases (MAPKs) ERK1/2 and p38 suggest that insulin and TNF-alpha may share some intracellular signalling pathways involving MAPKs in the enhanced protein accretion observed in the muscle cell cultures. C1 Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Canc Res Grp, Barcelona 08028, Spain. Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. RP Argiles, JM (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Canc Res Grp, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain. EM argiles@porthos.bio.ub.es NR 49 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 5 PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD PI MONTROUGE PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1148-5493 J9 EUR CYTOKINE NETW JI Eur. Cytokine Netw. PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 12 IS 3 BP 399 EP 410 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 522VX UT WOS:000173918600003 PM 11566620 ER PT J AU Young, SH Walsh, JH Rozengurt, E Slice, LW AF Young, SH Walsh, JH Rozengurt, E Slice, LW TI Agonist-dependent immobilization of chimeric bombesin/GRP receptors: Dependence on c-Src activity and dissociation from internalization SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE bombesin receptor; GCPR; GFP; FRAP; Src ID GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; LATERAL MOBILITY; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; KINASE-C; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; FLUORESCENCE RECOVERY; HORMONE RECEPTOR; BINDING; ACTIVATION AB G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that exhibit a decreased mobile fraction compared to a freely mobile plasma membrane protein. Recently, interest has focused on proteins other than heterotrimeric G-proteins that interact with GPCRs as scaffolding structures that affect receptor signal transduction. In order to investigate the physical state of receptors before and after agonist, we used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of the bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor fused to the intrinsically fluorescent green fluorescent protein (GFP-GRP receptor) expressed in KNRK cells to measure both the fraction of mobile receptors and their diffusion rate before and after agonist stimulation. In live cells at 37 degreesC, addition of GRP (100 nM) caused a rapid decrease in GFP-GRP receptor mobile fraction from 0.8 +/- 0.1 to 0.49 +/- 0.05, which was independent of endocytosis, Concurrently, the remaining mobile GFP-GRP receptors showed an increase in the diffusion rate with the halftime of fluorescent recovery, tau (1/2) = 46 +/- 7 s for untreated cells, decreasing to tau (1/2) = 30 +/- 6 s for cells treated with GRP. Prior treatment with the Src-specific inhibitor PP-2 (10 muM) blocked GFP-GRP receptor immobilization while treatment with the inactive analog PP-3 (10 muM) did not affect receptor immobilization, These data suggest that agonist-bound GPCR have increased plasma membrane diffusion rates but an increased affinity for immobilization into a multiprotein complex that is mediated by Src activity. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE,Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Slice, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE,Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, 900 Vet Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK35740, DK59630, DK17294] NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 267 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1006/excr.2001.5245 PG 8 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 447YK UT WOS:000169599900004 PM 11412036 ER PT J AU Van Remmen, H Richardson, A AF Van Remmen, H Richardson, A TI Oxidative damage to mitochondria and aging SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Review DE aging; oxidative damage; mitochondria ID PERMEABILITY TRANSITION PORE; ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; CELL-DEATH; DIETARY RESTRICTION; SUBMITOCHONDRIAL PARTICLES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; FOOD RESTRICTION; POINT MUTATIONS AB Oxidative damage has been implicated to be a major factor in the decline in physiologic function that occurs during the aging process. Because mitochondria are a primary site of generation of reactive oxygen species, they have become a major focus of research in this area. Increased oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins, lipid and DNA has been reported to occur with age in several tissues in a variety of organisms. Decreased activity of electron transport chain complexes and increased release of reactive oxygen species from the mitochondria with age suggest that alterations in mitochondrial function occur with age as a consequence of increased oxidative damage. In addition, age-related alterations in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, which could have profound affects on the physiological function of a tissue, could arise from oxidative damage to mitochondria. Alterations in mitochondrial turnover with age could also contribute to an increase in the number of dysfunctional mitochondria with age. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Van Remmen, H (reprint author), Audie Murphy VA Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 62 TC 151 Z9 156 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 36 IS 7 BP 957 EP 968 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 450AB UT WOS:000169718400003 PM 11404044 ER PT J AU Clark, AF Steely, HT Dickerson, JE English-Wright, S Stropki, K McCartney, MD Jacobson, N Shepard, AR Clark, JI Matsushima, H Peskind, ER Leverenz, JB Wilkinson, CW Swiderski, RE Fingert, JH Sheffield, VC Stone, EM AF Clark, AF Steely, HT Dickerson, JE English-Wright, S Stropki, K McCartney, MD Jacobson, N Shepard, AR Clark, JI Matsushima, H Peskind, ER Leverenz, JB Wilkinson, CW Swiderski, RE Fingert, JH Sheffield, VC Stone, EM TI Glucocorticoid induction of the glaucoma gene MYOC in human and monkey trabecular meshwork cells and tissues SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; INDUCED OCULAR HYPERTENSION; BALTIMORE EYE SURVEY; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-CHANGES; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; ORGAN-CULTURE; JUVENILE GLAUCOMA; DEXAMETHASONE; EXPRESSION; LOCALIZATION AB PURPOSE. TO examine the intracellular and extracellular expression of myocilin in the human and primate trabecular meshwork (TM) in the presence and absence of glucocorticoids. METHODS. Myocilin expression was examined in cultured human TM cells by Northern blot analysis and myocilin antibody-mediated immunoprecipitation. Myocilin expression was quantified using high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of radiolabeled proteins from human TM cells, TM tissue explants, and perfused human anterior segments cultured with and without dexamethasone (DEX) for 14 to 21 days, as well as TM tissue from pigtailed monkeys treated orally for 1 year with cortisone acetate. Immunofluorescence with anti-myocilin antibodies was used to localize cellular and extracellular expression of myocilin in cultured human TM cells. RESULTS. Glucocorticoid treatment caused a significant induction of myocilin mRNA, a tetrad of cell-associated proteins, and 8 to 20 secreted proteins (molecular mass [M-t] 56 and 59 kDa and isoelectric point [pI] 5.2 and 5.3) in some, but not all the cultured human TM cells and explanted tissues. Western immunoblot analysis using anti-myocilin peptide antibodies identified these proteins as encoded by the MYOC gene. There was significant induction of the myocilin proteins in three perfusion-cultured human eyes, in which DM-induced elevated intraocular pressure developed. Monkeys treated 1 year with cortisol acetate showed steroid glaucoma-like morphologic changes in the TM that correlated with the induction of myocilin in the TM. Immunofluorescence analysis of cultured TM cells localized myocilin intracellularly in discrete perinuclear and cytoplasmic vesicular deposits as well as extracellularly on the cell surface associated with the extracellular matrix. In several DEX-treated TM cell lines, there were significant levels of myocilin secreted into the media. Enzymatic deglycosylation of proteins in the TM media converted the higher molecular weight isoforms of myocilin (similar to 57 kDa) to the lower molecular weight isoforms (similar to 55 kDa). CONCLUSIONS. Although the function of myocilin is unknown, induction of these TM proteins was found in eyes in which glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension developed. Therefore, myocilin may play an important pathogenic role in ocular hypertension in addition to its role in certain forms of POAG. C1 Alcon Res Ltd, Glaucoma Res R241, Ft Worth, TX 76135 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Behav Sci & Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Clark, AF (reprint author), Alcon Res Ltd, Glaucoma Res R241, 6201 S Freeway, Ft Worth, TX 76135 USA. RI Fingert, John/F-8787-2012 OI Fingert, John/0000-0002-0377-0479 FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY004542, EY10564]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-O5136] NR 74 TC 90 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 7 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 42 IS 8 BP 1769 EP 1780 PG 12 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 451JG UT WOS:000169798500017 PM 11431441 ER PT J AU Palmer, JP AF Palmer, JP TI Immunomodulatory therapy of human type 1 diabetes: lessons from the mouse SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; RESIDUAL INSULIN-SECRETION; BETA-CELL FUNCTION; FUNCTIONAL-STATE; MELLITUS; MICE; REVERSAL; MODEL C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Palmer, JP (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, III,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM jpp@u.washington.edu NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 EI 1558-8238 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 108 IS 1 BP 31 EP 33 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 449HX UT WOS:000169679900005 PM 11435453 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, MO Carvalho, SD Schultz, JJ Chiellini, G Scanlan, TS Bianco, AC Brent, GA AF Ribeiro, MO Carvalho, SD Schultz, JJ Chiellini, G Scanlan, TS Bianco, AC Brent, GA TI Thyroid hormone-sympathetic interaction and adaptive thermogenesis are thyroid hormone receptor isoform-specific SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN GENE; MESSENGER-RNA; HYPOTHYROID RATS; MALIC ENZYME; BETA; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; MICE; NOREPINEPHRINE; ADIPOCYTES AB In newborns and small tnammals, cold-induced adaptive (or nonshivering) thermogenesis is produced primarily in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Heat production is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system, but it has an absolute requirement for thyroid hormone. We used the thyroid hormone receptor-beta -selective (TR-beta -selective) ligand, GC-1, to determine by a pharmacological approach whether adaptive thermogenesis was TR isoform-specific, Hypothyroid mice were treated for 10 days with varying doses of T3 or GC-1. The level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), the key thermogenic protein in BAT, was restored by either T3 or GC-1 treatment. However, whereas interscapular BAT in T3-treated mice showed a 3.0 degreesC elevation upon infusion of not epinephrine, indicating normal thermogenesis, the temperature did not increase (<0.5C) in GC-1-treated mice. When exposed to cold (4 degreesC), GC-1-treated mice also failed to maintain core body temperature and had reduced stimulation of BAT UCP1 mRNA, indicating impaired adrenergic responsiveness. Brown adipocytes isolated from hypothyroid mice replaced with T3, but not from those replaced with GC-1, had normal cAMP production in response to adrenergic stimulation in vitro. We conclude that two distinct thyroid-dependent pathways, stimulation of UCP1 and augmentation of adrenergic responsiveness, are mediated by different TR isoforms in the same tissue. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Thyroid, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Mol & Cellular Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mol Endocrinol Lab, Bldg 114,Room 230,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Bianco, Suzy/E-8892-2010; Bianco, Antonio/A-4965-2008; Ribeiro, Miriam/A-9367-2013; Ribeiro, Miriam/B-6085-2015; Ribeiro, Miriam/C-6364-2016 OI Bianco, Suzy/0000-0003-3794-9853; Bianco, Antonio/0000-0001-7737-6813; Ribeiro, Miriam/0000-0002-7870-9701; FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-43714, DK-52798, R01 DK052798, R56 DK052798] NR 50 TC 153 Z9 157 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA ROOM 4570 KRESGE I, 200 ZINA PITCHER PLACE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0560 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 108 IS 1 BP 97 EP 105 DI 10.1172/JCI12584 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 449HX UT WOS:000169679900013 PM 11435461 ER PT J AU Weinberger, LE Sreenivasan, S Sathyavagiswaran, L Markowitz, E AF Weinberger, LE Sreenivasan, S Sathyavagiswaran, L Markowitz, E TI Child and adolescent suicide in a large, urban area: Psychological, demographic, and situational factors SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; child and adolescent suicide ID COMPLETED SUICIDE; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG ADOLESCENTS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; BEHAVIOR; DEPRESSION; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; HOPELESSNESS; DIAGNOSIS AB We examined all completed suicides by children and adolescents in Los Angeles County who died during 1996 and 1997. There were 46 subjects, aged 11 through 16. The majority of the decedents were males and over age 14. The predominant racial group was Hispanic. There was an almost even split between firearms and hanging as the means of death. Females had a statistically significantly higher rate of prior suicide attempts than males. Over one-third left a suicide note, almost one-half were noted to be depressed, and 22% tested positive for alcohol or illicit drugs. Less than one-quarter were in mental health treatment. Eighty-seven percent had difficulty transitioning to or during adolescence; e.g., problems at home, legal and school difficulties, and relationship losses. These findings are discussed in terms of Eriksonian developmental theory. We offer recommendations for intervention and prevention of suicide. C1 Univ So Calif, Inst Psychiat Law & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90086 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Los Angeles Cty Dept Coroner, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90086 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90086 USA. RP Weinberger, LE (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Inst Psychiat Law & Behav Sci, POB 86125, Los Angeles, CA 90086 USA. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 46 IS 4 BP 902 EP 907 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 449LV UT WOS:000169686800024 PM 11451075 ER PT J AU Armstrong, K FitzGerald, G Schwartz, JS Ubel, PA AF Armstrong, K FitzGerald, G Schwartz, JS Ubel, PA TI Using survival curve comparisons to inform patient decision making - Can a practice exercise improve understanding? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE decision making; communication; patient education ID TREATMENT PREFERENCES; 5-YEAR SURVIVAL; OLDER PATIENTS; EXPLANATIONS; PHYSICIANS AB BACKGROUND: Patients often face medical decisions that involve outcomes that occur and change over time. Survival curves are a promising communication tool for patient decision support because they present information about the probability of an outcome over time in a simple graphic format. However. previous studies of survival curves did not measure comprehension, used face-to-face explanations, and focused on a VA population. METHODS: In this study, 246 individuals awaiting jury duty at the Philadelphia County Courthouse were randomized to receive one of two questionnaires. The control group received a questionnaire describing two hypothetical treatments and a graph with two survival curves showing the outcomes of each treatment. The practice group received the same questionnaire preceded by a practice exercise asking questions about a graph containing a single curve. Subjects' ability to Interpret survival from a curve and ability to calculate change In survival over time were measured. RESULTS: Understanding of survival at a single point In time from a graph containing two survival curves was high overall, and was improved by the use of a single curve practice exercise. With a practice exercise, subjects were over 80% accurate in interpreting survival at a single point in time. Understanding of changes in survival over time was lower overall, and was not improved by the use of a practice exercise. With or without a practice exercise, subjects were only 55% accurate in calculating changes in survival. CONCLUSION: The majority of the general public can interpret survival at a point in time from self-administered survival curves. This understanding is improved by a single curve practice exercise. However, a significant proportion of the general public cannot calculate change in survival over time. Further research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of survival curves in improving risk communication and patient decision making. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Canc, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Armstrong, K (reprint author), 1233 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 16 IS 7 BP 482 EP 485 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016007482.x PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 458DV UT WOS:000170178700009 PM 11520387 ER PT J AU Pole, N Best, SR Weiss, DS Metzler, T Liberman, AM Fagan, J Marmar, CR AF Pole, N Best, SR Weiss, DS Metzler, T Liberman, AM Fagan, J Marmar, CR TI Effects of gender and ethnicity on duty-related posttraumatic stress symptoms among urban police officers SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS; HISPANIC VIETNAM VETERANS; DISORDER; EXPOSURE; COMBAT; WOMEN; SCALE AB We studied 655 urban police officers (21% female, 48% white, 24% black, and 28% Hispanic) to assess ethnic and gender differences in duty-related symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We obtained self-report measures of. a) PTSD symptoms, b) peritraumatic dissociation, c) exposure to duty-related critical incidents, d) general psychiatric symptoms, e) response bias due to social desirability, and f) demographic variables. We found that self-identified Hispanic-American officers evidenced greater PTSD symptoms than both self-identified European-American and self-identified African-American officers. These effects were small in size but they persisted even after controlling for differences in other relevant variables. Contrary to expectation, we found no gender differences in PTSD symptoms. Our findings are of note because: a) they replicate a previous finding of greater PTSD among Hispanic-American military personnel and b) they fail to replicate the well-established finding of greater PTSD symptoms among civilian women. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Natl Inst Justice, Washington, DC USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Pole, N (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, 525 E Univ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH56350-01A1] NR 30 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 189 IS 7 BP 442 EP 448 DI 10.1097/00005053-200107000-00005 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 459ED UT WOS:000170237300005 PM 11504321 ER PT J AU Cao, GD Pei, W Lan, J Stetler, RA Luo, YM Nagayama, T Graham, SH Yin, XM Simon, RP Chen, J AF Cao, GD Pei, W Lan, J Stetler, RA Luo, YM Nagayama, T Graham, SH Yin, XM Simon, RP Chen, J TI Caspase-activated DNase/DNA fragmentation factor 40 mediates apoptotic DNA fragmentation in transient cerebral ischemia and in neuronal cultures SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerebral ischemia; apoptosis; programmed cell death; caspase-3; DNA fragmentation; caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease ID HIPPOCAMPAL CA1 NEURONS; GLOBAL-ISCHEMIA; RAT-BRAIN; CHROMATIN CONDENSATION; FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; CELL-DEATH; ICAD-S; INHIBITOR; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN AB Nuclear changes, including internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, are characteristic features of neuronal apoptosis resulting from transient cerebral ischemia and related brain insults for which the molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Recent studies suggest that a caspase-3-mediated mechanism may be involved in the process of nuclear degradation in ischemic neurons. In this study, we cloned from rat brain a homolog cDNA encoding caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD)/DNA fragmentation factor 40 (DFF40), a 40 kDa nuclear enzyme that is activated by caspase-3 and promotes apoptotic DNA degradation. Subsequently, we investigated the role of CAD/DFF40 in the induction of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in the hippocampus in a rat model of transient global ischemia and in primary neuronal cultures under ischemia-like conditions. At 8-72 hr after ischemia, CAD/DFF40 mRNA and protein were induced in the degenerating hippocampal CA1 neurons. CAD/DFF40 formed a heterodimeric complex in the nucleus with its natural inhibitor CAD (ICAD) and was activated after ischemia in a delayed manner (>24 hr) by caspase-3, which translocated into the nucleus and cleaved ICAD. Furthermore, an induced CAD/DFF40 activity was detected in nuclear extracts in both in vivo and in vitro models, and the DNA degradation activity of CAD/DFF40 was inhibited by purified ICAD protein. These results strongly suggest that CAD/DFF40 is the endogenous endonuclease that mediates caspase-3-dependent internucleosomal DNA degradation and related nuclear alterations in ischemic neurons. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Legacy Res, RS Dow Ctr Neurobiol, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, S-507,Biomed Sci Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS36736, NS38560, NS35965] NR 50 TC 69 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUL 1 PY 2001 VL 21 IS 13 BP 4678 EP 4690 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 445JP UT WOS:000169454600016 PM 11425895 ER PT J AU Clark, RSB Chen, MZ Kochanek, PM Watkins, SC Jin, KL Draviam, R Nathaniel, PD Pinto, R Marion, DW Graham, SH AF Clark, RSB Chen, MZ Kochanek, PM Watkins, SC Jin, KL Draviam, R Nathaniel, PD Pinto, R Marion, DW Graham, SH TI Detection of single- and double-strand DNA breaks after traumatic brain injury in rats: Comparison of in situ labeling techniques using DNA polymerase 1, the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase 1, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; controlled cortical impact; Klenow; PANT; TUNEL ID CORTICAL IMPACT INJURY; APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH; CLOSED-HEAD INJURY; NEURONAL APOPTOSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENDONUCLEASE ACTIVITY; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; DAMAGING AGENTS AB DNA damage is a common sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Available techniques for the in situ identification of DNA damage include DNA polymerase I-mediated biotin-dATP nick-translation (PANT), the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I-mediated biotin-dATP nick-end labeling (Klenow), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). While TUNEL has been widely utilized to detect primarily double-strand DNA breaks, the use of PANT to detect primarily single-strand DNA breaks and Klenow to detect both single- and double-strand DNA breaks has not been reported after TBI. Accordingly, coronal brain sections from naive rats and rats at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 24, and 72 h (n = 3-5/group) after controlled cortical impact with imposed secondary insult were processed using the PANT, Klenow, and TUNEL methods. Cells with DNA breaks were detected by PANT in the ipsilateral hemisphere as early as 0.5 h after injury and were maximal at 6 h (cortex = 66.3 +/- 15.8, dentate gyrus 58.6 +/- 12.8, CAI = 15.8 +/- 5.9, CA3 = 12.8 +/- 4.2 cells/ x 400 field, mean +/- SEM, all p < 0.05 versus naive). Cells with DNA breaks were detected by Klenow as early as 30 min and were maximal at 24 h (cortex = 56.3 +/- 14.3, dentate gyrus 78.0 +/- 16.7, CA1 = 25.8 +/- 4.7, CA3 = 29.3 +/- 15.1 cells/ x 400 field, all p < 0.05 versus naive). Cells with DNA breaks were not detected by TUNEL until 2 h and were maximal at 24 h (cortex = 47.7 +/- 21.4, dentate gyrus 63.0 +/- 11.9, CA1 = 5.6 +/- 5.4, CA3 = 6.9 +/- 3.7 cells/x400 field, cortex and dentate gyrus p < 0.05 versus naive). Dual-label immunofluorescence revealed that PANT-positive cells were predominately neurons. These data demonstrate that TBI results in extensive DNA damage, which includes both single- and double-strand breaks in injured cortex and hippocampus. The presence of multiple types of DNA breaks implicate several pathways in the evolution of DNA damage after TBI. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Neurol Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Brain Trauma Res Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Clark, RSB (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, 3434 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X FU NICHD NIH HHS [P30 HD28836]; NINDS NIH HHS [P50 NS30318, KO8 NS01946, R01 NS 38620] NR 56 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUL PY 2001 VL 18 IS 7 BP 675 EP 689 DI 10.1089/089771501750357627 PG 15 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 457CK UT WOS:000170119400004 PM 11497094 ER PT J AU Myrick, H Henderson, S Brady, KT Malcom, R Measom, M AF Myrick, H Henderson, S Brady, KT Malcom, R Measom, M TI Divalproex loading in the treatment of cocaine dependence SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS LA English DT Article DE cocaine dependence; Divalproex (DVPX); GABA ID ABSTINENCE; RETENTION; BACLOFEN; RELEASE; MANIA AB The current pilot project was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a loading dose of divalproex (DVPX) in subjects with cocaine dependence. Seventeen cocaine-dependent subjects were enrolled in an eight-week, open-label trial of 20 mg/kg/day DVPX. Subjects were seen weekly and urine drug screens were obtained at each visit. Over the eight-week trial, craving intensity and frequency as well as reported time using cocaine decreased significantly. Retention in the current study was 79% at week four and 50% at week eight. The medication and dosing strategy was well tolerated. This pilot study indicates that DVPX loading is well tolerated and may be efficacious in the treatment of cocaine dependence. A placebo-controlled trial would be of interest. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Subst Abuse Treatment Ctr 116, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Drug & Alcohol Programs, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ctr Drug & Alcohol Programs, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Myrick, H (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Subst Abuse Treatment Ctr 116, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAIGHT-ASHBURY PUBL PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 409 CLAYTON ST, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94117 USA SN 0279-1072 J9 J PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS JI J. Psychoact. Drugs PD JUL-SEP PY 2001 VL 33 IS 3 BP 283 EP 287 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 484PA UT WOS:000171697700009 PM 11718321 ER PT J AU VanSickle, DP Cooper, RA Boninger, ML DiGiovine, CP AF VanSickle, DP Cooper, RA Boninger, ML DiGiovine, CP TI Analysis of vibrations induced during wheelchair propulsion SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE accelerations; design; instrumentation; modeling; vibrations; wheelchairs ID WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION; COEFFICIENTS; SPINE AB Little is known about how dynamic acceleration affects wheelchair-rider comfort. The current study was to test both the operation of an instrumented wheelchair by a wheelchair user over a Simulated Road Course (SRC) and the operation of the same instrumented wheelchair during normal daily activities (a field test) by test subjects. Sixteen subjects participated in the protocol. A SRC allowed collection of data from wheelchair users traversing obstacles similar to those experienced by a typical wheelchair user. The SRC consisted of eight obstacles fixed rigidly to a flat concrete surface. The field test began after the conclusion of the SRC test. Transfer functions were derived for all 16 subjects. It is clear from the results that for the SRC, the acceleration at the wheelchair frame exceeded the 8-h "fatigue-decreased performance boundary." A vertical acceleration resonant peak was evident for eight of the subjects. The average for these peaks, when present, was 8.1 Hz. This frequency is higher than the 4-6 Hz resonant peak presented in the literature for a seated human subject. This discrepancy could be due to different levels of trunk control between wheelchair users in this study and ambulatory subjects used in the literature. Subjects and their wheelchairs were exposed to a few, high-acceleration events rather than consistent, small-magnitude accelerations during the field test. This study indicates that vibration may be a contributing factor to fatigue among manual wheelchair users, which could lead to injury. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RI DiGiovine, Carmen/E-2982-2011 OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 32 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 38 IS 4 BP 409 EP 421 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 470YD UT WOS:000170899300009 PM 11563494 ER PT J AU Morrison, DA Sethi, G Sacks, J Henderson, W Grover, F Sedlis, S Esposito, R Ramanathan, K Weiman, D Saucedo, J Antakli, T Paramesh, V Pett, S Vernon, S Birjiniuk, V Welt, F Krucoff, M Wolfe, W Lucke, JC Mediratta, S Booth, D Barbiere, C Lewis, D AF Morrison, DA Sethi, G Sacks, J Henderson, W Grover, F Sedlis, S Esposito, R Ramanathan, K Weiman, D Saucedo, J Antakli, T Paramesh, V Pett, S Vernon, S Birjiniuk, V Welt, F Krucoff, M Wolfe, W Lucke, JC Mediratta, S Booth, D Barbiere, C Lewis, D CA Investigators Dept Vet Affairs Coo TI Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass graft surgery for patients with medically refractory myocardial ischemia and risk factors for adverse outcomes with bypass: A multicenter, randomized trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNSTABLE ANGINA-PECTORIS; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; FOLLOW-UP; ANGIOPLASTY; DISEASE; CARDIOLOGY; THERAPY; METAANALYSIS; GUIDELINES; MORTALITY AB BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are being applied to high-risk populations, but previous randomized trials comparing revascularization methods have excluded a number of important high-risk groups. OBJECTIVES This five-year, multicenter, randomized clinical trial was designed to compare long-term survival among patients with medically refractory myocardial ischemia and a high risk of adverse outcomes assigned to either a CABG or a PCI strategy, which could include stents. METHODS Patients from 16 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers were screened to identify myocardial ischemia refractory to medical management and the presence of one or more risk factors for adverse outcome with CABG, including prior open-heart surgery, age >70 years, left ventricular ejection fraction <0.35, myocardial infarction within seven days or intraaortic balloon pump required. Clinically eligible patients (n = 2,431) underwent coronary angiography; 781 were angiographically acceptable; 454 (58% of eligible) patients consented to random assignment between CABG and PCI. RESULTS A total of 232 patients was randomized to CABG and 222 to PCI. The 30-day survivals for CABG and PCI were 95% and 97%, respectively. Survival rates for CABG and PCI were 90% versus 94% at six months and 79% versus 80% at 36 months (log-rank test, p = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous coronary intervention is an alternative to CABG for patients with medically refractory myocardial ischemia and a high risk of adverse outcomes with CABG. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:143-9) (C) 2001 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 Univ Arizona, SAVAHCS, Dept Med & Radiol, Tucson, AZ 85723 USA. Tucson VA Med Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. Hines CSPCC VA Hosp, Hines, IL USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. New York VA Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Memphis VA Med Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. Little Rock VA Med Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Albuquerque VA Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. W Roxbury VA Med Ctr, W Roxbury, MA USA. Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Asheville VA Med Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. Lexington VA Med Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. Kansas City VA Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Morrison, DA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, SAVAHCS, Dept Med & Radiol, 2601 S 6th Ave, Tucson, AZ 85723 USA. NR 31 TC 159 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 1 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01366-3 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 448KE UT WOS:000169625400022 PM 11451264 ER PT J AU Simmons, SF Alessi, C Schnelle, JF AF Simmons, SF Alessi, C Schnelle, JF TI An intervention to increase fluid intake in nursing home residents: Prompting and preference compliance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE nursing home; nutrition; dehydration; behavioral interventions ID DEHYDRATION AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a three-phase, behavioral intervention to improve fluid intake in nursing home (NH) residents. DESIGN: Controlled clinical intervention trial. SETTING: Two community NHs. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-three incontinent NH residents INTERVENTION: Participants were randomized into intervention and control groups. The intervention consisted of three phases for a total of 32 weeks: (1) 16 weeks of four verbal prompts to drink per day, in between meals; (2) 8 weeks of eight verbal prompts per day, in between meals; and (3) 8 weeks of eight verbal prompts per day, in between meals, plus compliance with participant beverage preferences. MEASUREMENTS: Between-meal fluid intake was measured in ounces by research staff during all three phases of the intervention. Percentage of fluids consumed during meals was also estimated by research staff for a total of nine meals per participant (3 consecutive days) at baseline and at 8 and 32 weeks into the intervention. Serum osmolality, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine values were obtained for all participants in one of the two sites at the same three time points. RESULTS: The majority (78%) of participants increased their fluid intake between meals in response to the increase in verbal prompts (phase 1 to 2). A subset of residents (21%), however, only increased their fluid intake in response to beverage preference compliance (phase 3). There was a significant reduction in the proportion of intervention participants who had laboratory values indicative of dehydration compared with the control participants. Cognitive and nutritional status were predictive of residents' responsiveness to the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: A behavioral intervention that consists of verbal prompts and beverage preference compliance was effective in increasing fluid intake among most of a sample of incontinent NH residents. Verbal prompting alone was effective in improving fluid intake in the more cognitively impaired residents, whereas preference compliance was needed to increase fluid intake among less cognitively impaired NH residents. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Geriatr, Borun Ctr Gerontol Res,Jewish Home Aging, Reseda, CA 91335 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Sepulveda, CA USA. RP Simmons, SF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Geriatr, Borun Ctr Gerontol Res,Jewish Home Aging, 7150 Tampa Ave, Reseda, CA 91335 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [5R01 AG13013] NR 18 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 49 IS 7 BP 926 EP 933 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49183.x PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 460XA UT WOS:000170332700011 PM 11527484 ER PT J AU Saunders, MJ AF Saunders, MJ TI Functional ability and oral health: Reintegrating mouth and body SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Saunders, MJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1000 EP 1001 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49195.x PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 460XA UT WOS:000170332700024 PM 11527498 ER PT J AU Salinsky, MC Storzbach, D Dodrill, CB Binder, LM AF Salinsky, MC Storzbach, D Dodrill, CB Binder, LM TI Test-retest bias, reliability, and regression equations for neuropsychological measures repeated over a 12-16-week period SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE test-retest reliability; psychometrics; stability; confidence intervals ID EPILEPSY; BATTERY; WAIS AB The interpretation of neurobehavioral change over lime requires knowledge of the test-retest characteristics of the measures. Without this information it is nor possible to distinguish a true change (i.e., one reflecting the occurrence or resolution of an intervening process) from that occurring on the basis of chance or systematic bias. We tested a group of 72 healthy young to middle aged adults twice over a 12-to-16-week interval in order to observe the change in scores over time when there was no known intervention. The test battery consisted of seven commonly used cognitive measures and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Test-retest regression equations were calculated for each measure using initial performance, age, education, and a measure of general intellectual function (Wonderlic Personnel Test) as regressors, Test-retest correlations ranged from .39 (POMS Fatigue) to .89 (Digit Symbol). Cognitive measures generally yielded higher correlations than did the POMS. Univariate regressions based only on initial performance adequately predicted retest performance for the majority of measures. Age and education had a relatively minor influence. Practice effects and regression to the mean were common. These test-retest regression equations can be used to predict retest scores when there has been no known intervention. They can also be used to generate statistical statements regarding the significance of change in an individual's performance over a 12-to-16-week interval. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Epilepsy Ctr, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR USA. Univ Washington, Epilepsy Ctr, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Salinsky, MC (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Epilepsy Ctr, Dept Neurol, 745 SW Gaines Rd CDW-3, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 24 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI PORT CHESTER PA 110 MIDLAND AVE, PORT CHESTER, NY 10573-9863 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 7 IS 5 BP 597 EP 605 DI 10.1017/S1355617701755075 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 451XM UT WOS:000169827900007 PM 11459111 ER PT J AU McNeal, MC Zareparsi, S Camicioli, R Dame, A Howieson, D Quinn, J Ball, M Kaye, J Payami, H AF McNeal, MC Zareparsi, S Camicioli, R Dame, A Howieson, D Quinn, J Ball, M Kaye, J Payami, H TI Predictors of healthy brain aging SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE; E EPSILON-2 ALLELE; OLDEST-OLD; INCREASED RISK; DEMENTIA; AGE; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; SURVIVAL AB To determine if superior health at old age protects against cognitive impairment (CI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), we prospectively studied 100 optimally healthy oldest-old (greater than or equal to 85 years) individuals. Initially, subjects represented the top 3% of the oldest old for health. During 5.6 +/- 0.3 years of follow-up, 34 subjects developed CI, and 23 progressed to AD. By age 100, probability of CI and AD were. 65 +/- .09 and .49 +/- .10. Median onset age was 97 years for CI and 100 for AD. Clearly, superior health at old age does not guarantee protection against cognitive decline. Lifetime risks were similar to the general population but onset ages were later, suggesting factors that delay onset are key to improving cognitive health in the elderly. In this population, absence of apolipoprotein E-is an element of4 and male gender were associated with delayed onset, whereas estrogen use and education had no detectable effect on cognitive outcome. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Payami, H (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 56 IS 7 BP B294 EP B301 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 447RH UT WOS:000169585900003 ER PT J AU Mazhar, AR Johnson, RJ Gillen, D Stivelman, JC Ryan, MJ Davis, CL Stehman-Breen, CO AF Mazhar, AR Johnson, RJ Gillen, D Stivelman, JC Ryan, MJ Davis, CL Stehman-Breen, CO TI Risk factors and mortality associated with calciphylaxis in end-stage renal disease SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE hyperphosphatemia; alkaline phosphatase and calciphylaxis; serum albumin and calciphylaxix; death and calciphylaxis; skin lesions and mortality ID PROXIMAL CALCIPHYLAXIS; SKIN NECROSIS; FAILURE; HEMODIALYSIS; CALCIFICATION; DIALYSIS AB Background. We conducted a case control study to determine risk factors and mortality associated with calciphylaxis in endstage renal disease. Methods. Cases of calciphylaxis diagnosed between December 1989 and January 2000 were identified. Three controls were identified for each hemodialysis patient, with calciphylaxis matched to the date of initiation of hemodialysis. Laboratory data and medication doses were recorded during the 12 months prior to the date of diagnosis and at the time of diagnosis of calciphylaxis. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for calciphylaxis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of death associated with calciphylaxis. Results. Nineteen cases and 54 controls were identified. Eighteen patients were hemodialysis patients, and one had a functioning renal allograft. Diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy in 16 cases. Women were at a sixfold higher risk of developing calciphylaxis (OR = 6.04, 95% CI 1.62 to 22.6, P = 0.007). There was a 21% lower risk of calciphylaxis associated with each 0.1 g/dL increase in the mean serum albumin during the year prior to diagnosis and at the time of diagnosis of calciphylaxis (OR = 0.79. 95% CI. 0.64 to 0.99. P = 0.037, and OR = 0.80. 95% CI. 0.67 to 0.96, P = 0.019, respectively). There was a 3.51-fold increase in the risk of calciphylaxis associated with each mg/dL increase in the mean serum phosphate during the year prior to diagnosis (95% CI. 0.99 to 12.5, P = 0.052). At the time of diagnosis of calciphylaxis. for each 10 IU/L increment in alkaline phosphatase, the risk of calciphylaxis increased by 19% (OR = 1.19. 95% CI. 1.00 to 1.40, P = 0.045). Body mass index, diabetes. blood pressure, aluminum, and higher dosage of erythropoietin and iron dextran were not independent predictors of calciphylaxis. Calciphylaxis independently increased the risk of death by eightfold (OR = 8.58. 95% CI. 3.26 to 22.6. P < 0.001). Conclusions. Female gender, hyperphosphatemia. high alkaline phosphatase, and low serum albumin are risk factors For calciphylaxis. Calciphylaxis is associated with a very high mortality. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Div Nephrol, Houston, TX USA. Univ Washington, Grad Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Dept Biostat, NW Kidney Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Stehman-Breen, CO (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, Mailstop 111A, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK07721-06] NR 20 TC 169 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 60 IS 1 BP 324 EP 332 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00803.x PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 446CU UT WOS:000169496000038 PM 11422768 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Jepson, C Baron, J Mohr, T McMorrow, S Asch, DA AF Ubel, PA Jepson, C Baron, J Mohr, T McMorrow, S Asch, DA TI Allocation of transplantable organs: Do people want to punish patients for causing their illness? SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE ALLOCATION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; HELPING-BEHAVIOR; RESPONSIBILITY; PRIORITIES; JUDGMENTS; MODEL; PREFERENCES; EFFICIENCY; DECISIONS AB Some people believe patients with alcoholic cirrhosis should not receive equal priority for scarce transplantable organs. This may reflect a belief that these patients (1) are personally responsible for causing their own illnesses, (2) have poop transplant prognoses, or (3) are unworthy because they have engaged in socially undesirable behavior. We explore the roles that social desirability and personal responsibility have in people's judgments about transplant allocation, We presented prospective jurors with 4 scenarios, asking them to distribute 100 transplantable organs among 2 groups of 100 patients each. In each scenario, 1 group of patients, but not the other, was described as having a history of unhealthy behavior, (alcohol or cigarette use) associated with a poorer prognosis, In some scenarios, alcohol or cigarette use was said to cause the organ failure. In others, it only contributed to the patients' transplant prognosis, We also obtained self-reports of subjects' own smoking status, Subjects allocated significantly fewer than half the organs to those with unhealthy behaviors and worse prognoses (33%; P < .001), but the specific behavior (alcohol versus cigarette use) was not significantly associated with subjects' allocation choices, Significantly fewer organs were allocated to patients with behavior responsible for causing their diseases than to other patients (P < .0001), Subjects who never smoked discriminated the most and current smokers discriminated the least against patients with a history of unhealthy behavior (P < .0001). The public's transplantation allocation preferences are influenced by whether patients' behaviors are said to have caused their organ failure. C1 Univ Michigan, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Program Improving Hlth Care Decis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Div Gen Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Sociol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Urban Inst, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Program Improving Hlth Care Decis, 300 N Ingalls,Rm 7C27, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Asch, David/0000-0002-7970-286X NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1527-6465 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT JI Liver Transplant. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 7 IS 7 BP 600 EP 607 DI 10.1053/jlts.2001.25361 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 452VD UT WOS:000169879600006 PM 11460227 ER PT J AU Diehr, P Patrick, DL Spertus, J Kiefe, CI McDonell, M Fihn, SD AF Diehr, P Patrick, DL Spertus, J Kiefe, CI McDonell, M Fihn, SD TI Transforming self-rated health and the SF-36 scales to include death and improve interpretability SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE death; health-related quality of life; QALY; longitudinal; health status ID LIFE; VALIDITY; QUALITY; ADULTS AB BACKGROUND. Most measures of health-related quality of life are undefined for people who die.]Longitudinal analyses are often limited to a healthier cohort (survivors) that cannot be identified prospectively, and that may have had little change in health. OBJECTIVE. To develop and evaluate methods to transform a single self-rated health item (excellent to poor; EVGGFP) and the physical component score of the SF-36 (PCS) to new variables that include a defensible value for death. METHODS. Using longitudinal data from two large studies of older adults, health variables were transformed to the probability of being healthy in the future, conditional on the current observed value; death then has the value of 0. For EVGGFP, the new transformations were compared with some that were published earlier, based on different data. For the PCS, how well three different transformations, based on different definitions of being healthy, discriminated among groups of patients, and detected change in time were assessed. RESULTS. The new transformation for EVGGFP was similar to that published previously. Coding the 5 categories as 95, 90, 80, 30, and 15, and coding dead as 0 is recommended, The three transformations of the PCS detected group differences and change at least as well as the standard PCS. CONCLUSION. These easily interpretable transformed variables permit keeping persons who die in the analyses. Using the transformed variables for longitudinal analyses of health when deaths occur, either for secondary or primary analysis, is recommended. This approach can be applied to other measures of health. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Med, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Univ Alabama, Ctr Outcomes & Effectiveness Res & Educ, Birmingham, AL USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA USA. RP Diehr, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Box 357232, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC85086, N01-HC-85079] NR 20 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2001 VL 39 IS 7 BP 670 EP 680 DI 10.1097/00005650-200107000-00004 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 448KR UT WOS:000169626500005 PM 11458132 ER PT J AU Leverenz, JB Miller, MA Dobie, DJ Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Leverenz, JB Miller, MA Dobie, DJ Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Increased alpha 2-adrenergic receptor binding in locus coeruleus projection areas in dementia with Lewy bodies SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Article DE alpha-2 adrenergic receptor; Alzheimer's disease; dementia with Lewy bodies; locus coeruleus; agitation ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS; SENILE DEMENTIA; NUCLEUS COERULEUS; CERULEUS NEURONS; RAT-BRAIN; ALPHA-2-ADRENOCEPTORS; CORTEX; ADRENOCEPTORS; HIPPOCAMPUS AB Clinical studies suggest involvement of brain noradrenergic systems in the pathophysiology of disruptive agitation in Alzheimer' s disease (AD). This behavioral problem is even more prevalent in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Here we used receptor autoradiography with [I-125]para-iodoclonidine to estimate alpha-2 adrenergic receptor (A2R) density in locus coeruleus (LC) projection areas in postmortem bt ain tissue from age and gender comparable groups of DLB (n = 6). AD (n = 5) and normal (n = 7) subjects. LC neuronal loss was substantial and equivalent in DLB and AD. A2R density was greater in DLB than in normals in the deep layers of the frontal cortex. A2R density was greater in DLB than in AD in hippocampus (CA-1, CA-3 and dentate hilus) and in the granule Layer of the cerebellum Increased A2R binding in DLB is consistent with expression of presynaptic A2R on fibers from surviving LC neurons involved in reinnervation of LC projection areas. These areas develop compensatory noradrenergic hyperinnervation in a rat model of partial LC ablation. It is also consistent with upregulation of post-synaptic A2R in response to loss of LC noradrenergic innervation. Either mechanism could lower the threshold for increased agitation in response to noradrenergic outflow in these dementing disorders. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. LifeSpan BioSci, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. RP Leverenz, JB (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136] NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 22 IS 4 BP 555 EP 561 DI 10.1016/S0197-4580(01)00221-4 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 453JF UT WOS:000169912200005 PM 11445255 ER PT J AU Belza, B Steele, BG Hunziker, J Lakshminaryan, S Holt, L Buchner, DM AF Belza, B Steele, BG Hunziker, J Lakshminaryan, S Holt, L Buchner, DM TI Correlates of physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE accelerometer; chronic disease; physical activity; pulmonary disease ID FUNCTIONAL STATUS; OLDER ADULTS; TRIAXIAL ACCELEROMETER; LUNG-DISEASE; EXERCISE; REHABILITATION; DYSPNEA; LIFE; FRAMEWORK; VALIDITY AB Background: Physical activity is a key dimension of functional status in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the central target of interventions in this group. Objectives: To determine the relationships among functional performance measured as physical activity, functional capacity, symptom experiences, and health-related quality of life in people with COPD. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Convenience Sample of 63 outpatients with COPD studied prior to entry into a pulmonary rehabilitation program. Results: Daily physical activity, as measured by an accelerometer, was strongly associated with maximal distance walked during a 6-minute walk test (r = .60, p < .00), level of airway obstruction (r = .37, p < .01), walking self-efficacy (r = .27, p < .05), and physical health status (r =.40, p < .01). Physical activity was not correlated with self-report of functional status. The only predictor of physical activity was the 6-minute walk test. 1 Conclusions: Accelerometer measurement of functional performance was most significantly related to walking abilities. This methodology represents a novel approach to measuring an important dimension of functional status not previously well quantified. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Specialties Serv, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Primary Care Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Good Samaritan Med Ctr, Puyallup, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res Olders Adults, Seattle, WA USA. RP Belza, B (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Box 357266, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 40 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-6562 J9 NURS RES JI Nurs. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 50 IS 4 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1097/00006199-200107000-00003 PG 8 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 456UQ UT WOS:000170101000003 PM 11480528 ER PT J AU Lee, DS Anderson, SF Perez, EM Townsend, JC AF Lee, DS Anderson, SF Perez, EM Townsend, JC TI Amelanotic choroidal nevus and melanoma: Cytology, tumor size, and pigmentation as prognostic indicators SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE amelanotic; choroidal melanoma; choroidal nevus; epithelioid cells; metastasis; pigmentation; spindle cells ID POSTERIOR UVEAL MELANOMA; CILIARY BODY MELANOMAS; CO-60 PLAQUE RADIOTHERAPY; TRANSPUPILLARY THERMOTHERAPY; MALIGNANT MELANOMAS; I-125 PLAQUE; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS; OCULAR MELANOMA; CELL-TYPE AB Background. Choroidal nevi are fairly common lesions of the posterior pole that can sometimes transform into melanoma, and it is thought that most choroidal melanomas arise from preexisting nevi. Occasionally, these lesions present as nonpigmented or amelanotic variations of their pigmented counterparts. Recent studies suggest a relationship between tumor pigmentation and risk of growth and metastasis, with a better prognosis for lightly pigmented or amelanotic lesions. Case Reports. A case of an amelanotic choroidal nevus and melanoma are presented. In Case 1, a 26-year-old white female was found to have a large amelanotic nevus in the right eye. After 7 years of periodic observation, the lesion has not changed. In Case 2, a 51-year-old white male was diagnosed with a large amelanotic melanoma in the left eye. Due to extensive involvement of the optic nerve, the patient underwent enucleation. Histological evaluation confirmed the lesion as a mixed-cell type malignant amelanotic melanoma. Conclusion. Management of choroidal nevi generally consists of periodic observation, and the most widely accepted management of choroidal melanoma is observation, radiotherapy, and transpupillary thermotherapy or enucleation. The therapeutic modality of choice for melanoma will vary depending on the size, growth, and location of the lesion. In addition, recent studies suggest an association between heavy tumor pigmentation, tumor size, cell type, and risk of metastasis. Although many variables will influence the final treatment option, pigmentation of the lesion should also be considered. C1 Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. RP Anderson, SF (reprint author), Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 78 IS 7 BP 483 EP 491 DI 10.1097/00006324-200107000-00010 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 461BG UT WOS:000170344600015 PM 11503936 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SR Yueh, B McDougall, JK Daling, JR Schwartz, SM AF Schwartz, SR Yueh, B McDougall, JK Daling, JR Schwartz, SM TI Human papillomavirus infection and survival in oral squamous cell cancer: A population-based study SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 24-29, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID NECK-CANCER; HEAD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; P53; ASSOCIATION; CARCINOMAS; RADIATION; GENE; RISK; E6 AB Objective: To determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 affects survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred fifty-four patients diagnosed with primary oral cancer were studied for survival in relation to tumor HPV type 16 status. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival and estimate hazard ratios adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: HPV type 16 DNA was detected in 15.1% of tumors. HPV 16 positive patients had significantly reduced all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) estimates = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.83) and disease-specific mortality (HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.76) compared with HPV 16 negative patients after adjustment for age, stage, treatment, smoking, alcohol, education, and comorbid disease. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of HPV type 16 DNA is independently associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Although HPV genotyping is currently not widely available, it may provide important prognostic information. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Program Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Schwartz, SR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1959 NE Pacific St,Box 356515, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA48996, CN05230]; NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00018] NR 20 TC 168 Z9 171 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 125 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1067/mhn.2001.116979 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 453XT UT WOS:000169944000001 PM 11458206 ER PT J AU Arita, S Une, S Ohtsuka, S Kawahara, T Kasraie, A Smith, CV Mullen, Y AF Arita, S Une, S Ohtsuka, S Kawahara, T Kasraie, A Smith, CV Mullen, Y TI Increased islet viability by addition of beraprost sodium to collagenase solution SO PANCREAS LA English DT Article DE dog islets; beraprost sodium; islet isolation ID VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PANCREATIC-ISLETS; PROSTACYCLIN; INJURY; TRANSPLANTATION; PRESERVATION; MYOCARDIUM; RECOVERY; ILOPROST; ISCHEMIA AB The digestion of pancreatic tissue with collagenase is an essential part of the islet isolation procedure. However, the process exposes islets to various types of harmful factors, including collagenase contaminants, enzymes released from the acinar cells, warm ischemia, and mechanical agitation. Nitrogen oxide production and cytokine release may also contribute to islet cell damage. Protection of islets from such damage would improve the islet yield, survival, and function. Beraprost sodium (BPS) is a prostaglandin I, analogue, is stable in aqueous solution. and has a cytoprotective effect on various types of cells. BPS has been shown to improve the yield and function of cryopreserved and/or cultured islets. These findings prompted us to examine its cytoprotective effect on islets during the islet isolation process. Canine islets were isolated by means of a two-step digestion method and purified on Euro-Ficoll density gradient solutions (the procedure used for human islets). BPS at a concentration of 100 nM was added to the collagenase solution. After purification, the islet yield was 434,561 +/- 35,691 islet number expressed as 150 mum equivalent size (IEQ)/pancreas or 8,799 +/- 345 IEQ/g of pancreas in the BPS group and 349,987 +/- 52,887 IEQ/pancreas or 7,998 +/- 1610 IEQ/g of pancreas in the control group (n = 8, each), The percent viability was 88.5 +/- 0.7% in the BPS group and 82.0 +/- 0.9% in the control group (P < 0.01), Therefore, the recovery of viable islets (calculated by islet number x % viability) was 384,586 +/- 46,804 IEQ/pancreas (7,743 IEQ/g) in the BPS group and 186,989 +/- 43,367 IEQ/pancreas (6,558 IEQ/g) in the control group (P < 0.02). After culture, significantly higher numbers of islets were also recovered in the BPS group than in the control group. The islet insulin content was significantly higher in the BPS group than controls (237.8 +/- 38.5 versus 92.3 +/- 25.6 muU/IEQ P < 0.02), although islets of bath groups responded with high stimulation indices (>6). These results indicate that the addition of BPS to the collagenase solution increases the recovery of viable islets, and improves beta cell function. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Islet Transplant Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Islet Transplatn Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mullen, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Islet Transplant Program, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 304,Rm E1-206, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-3177 J9 PANCREAS JI Pancreas PD JUL PY 2001 VL 23 IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1097/00006676-200107000-00009 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 446ZF UT WOS:000169543500009 PM 11451149 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE Sattin, A AF Pekary, AE Sattin, A TI Regulation of TRH and TRH-related peptides in rat brain by thyroid and steroid hormones SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE rat brain; TRH-like peptides; depression; thyroxine; propylthiouracil; castration; HPLC; radioimmunoassay ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; SEIZURES INCREASE LEVELS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INHIBITING FACTOR; PREPRO-TRH; DEPRESSION; BIOSYNTHESIS; HYPOTHALAMUS; GENE; PREPRO-TRH-(160-169) AB To investigate the possibility that TRH (pGlu-His-Pro-NH2) and EEP (pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2) contribute to the behavioral and mood changes attending hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and hypogonadism, we have treated young, adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats (5/group, 250 g bw at time of sacrifice) for one week with either daily ip injections of saline, 5 mug T-4. 3 mg PTU or castration. Immunoreactivity for TRH (TRH-IR), TRH-Gly (pGlu-His-Pro-Gly, a TRH precursor), EEP and Ps4 (prepro-TRH-derived TRH -enhancing peptide) was measured in 8 brain regions by RIA. Castration reduced the Ps4-IR levels in hippocampus by 80%. High pressure liquid chromatography revealed that in many brain regions EEP-IR and TRH-IR consisted of a mixture of TRH and other TRH-like peptides including EEP, Val(2)-TRH, Tyr(2)-TRH, Leu(2)-TRH and Phe(2)-TRH. Transition from the hyperthyroid to the hypothyroid state increased the Val(2)-TRH and Tyr(2)-TRH levels: in the: accumbens by 10-fold and 15-fold, respectively, and the corresponding ratios for the pyriform cortex increased 9-fold and 12-fold, respectively. Hypothyroidism and castration reduced the levels of TRH and the majority of other TRH-like peptides in the entorhinal cortex. This is the first report that thyroid and steroid hormones alter the levels of TRH, prepro-TRH-derived peptides, and a newly discovered array of TRH-like neuropeptides in limbic brain regions. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angles Healthcare Syst, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Pekary, AE (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, Bldg 114,Rm 200,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 63 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD JUL PY 2001 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1161 EP 1173 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00429-6 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 451KX UT WOS:000169802200020 PM 11445247 ER PT J AU Fried, L Prichard, S Piraino, B Bleyer, A AF Fried, L Prichard, S Piraino, B Bleyer, A TI Peritoneal dialysis case forum SO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID ADYNAMIC BONE-DISEASE; RENAL-FAILURE; ALUMINUM REMOVAL; OSTEODYSTROPHY; DEFEROXAMINE; PREDIALYSIS; HEMODIALYSIS C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Royal Victoria Hosp, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. RP Prichard, S (reprint author), Royal Victoria Hosp, Div Nephrol, 687 Pine Ave W,M1084, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MULTIMED INC PI TORONTO PA 66 MARTIN ST, TORONTO, ON L9T 2R2, CANADA SN 0896-8608 J9 PERITON DIALYSIS INT JI Perit. Dial. Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 21 IS 4 BP 420 EP 427 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 475LB UT WOS:000171164500020 PM 11587413 ER PT J AU Li, HS Zhang, JY Thompson, BS Deng, XY Ford, ME Wood, PG Stolz, DB Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC AF Li, HS Zhang, JY Thompson, BS Deng, XY Ford, ME Wood, PG Stolz, DB Eagon, PK Whitcomb, DC TI Rat mitochondrial ATP synthase ATP5G3: cloning and upregulation in pancreas after chronic ethanol feeding SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE alcohol ingestion; chronic pancreatitis; adenosine 5 '-triphosphatase; subunit 9; messenger ribonucleic acid differential display ID UPSTREAM STIMULATORY FACTOR-2; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; EARLY MOUSE EMBRYOS; SUBUNIT-C; OXIDATIVE-PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTON TRANSLOCATION; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; GENE; CONSUMPTION; EXPRESSION AB Individuals with chronic excessive alcohol ingestion are put at the risk of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Differential gene expression in the pancreas was profiled using mRNA differential display by comparison between control and ethanol-consuming rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with diets containing 6.7% (vol/vol) ethanol for 4 wk. A cDNA tag that was overexpressed in the pancreas of rats fed ethanol was isolated. A 723-bp cDNA was cloned from a rat pancreatic cDNA library, which encodes a novel rat mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 9, isoform 3 (ATP5G3), which is homologous to a human ATP5G3 gene. Real-time PCR demonstrated that all three nuclear gene isoforms (ATP5G1, ATP5G2, and ATP5G3) were consistently upregulated in the pancreas of alcohol-consuming rats, parallel with mitochondrial injury. The cellular response to mitochondrial damage and metabolic stress may reflect an adaptive process for mitochondrial repair in pancreatic acinar cells during chronic ethanol ingestion. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Genome Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, Mezzanine Level,C Wing,PUH,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [NIAAA-RO1-10885-01] NR 50 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD JUL PY 2001 VL 6 IS 2 BP 91 EP 98 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA 453DY UT WOS:000169902300003 PM 11459924 ER PT J AU Gelberg, L Robertson, MJ Leake, B Wenzel, SL Bakhtiar, L Hardie, EA Sadler, N Getzug, T AF Gelberg, L Robertson, MJ Leake, B Wenzel, SL Bakhtiar, L Hardie, EA Sadler, N Getzug, T TI Hepatitis B among homeless and other impoverished US military veterans in residential care in Los Angeles SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE military veterans; homeless; impoverished; infectious disease; poverty; prevention ID MENTALLY-ILL VETERANS; DRUG-USERS; VIRUS-INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; PROGRAM; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; HIV AB Findings are presented for a cross-sectional study of serological markers or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an underserved population-impoverished veterans of the US armed forces in a Veterans Administration (VA) residential program in the US. We examine the demographic, background, and risk factors associated with HBV infection ill this high-risk population. This paper presents a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey and clinical data for 370 male veterans who were residents of a domiciliary care program for homeless veterans in Los Angeles, using chi (2), Fisher's Exact, and logistic regression analysis. About one-third (30.8%) of the sample tested positive for current or past HBV infection (ie, seropositive for either the HBV core antibody or surface antigen). After multivariate analysis, rates of HBV were significantly higher among veterans who were older, non-white, or who had a history of regular heroin use (a proxy measure for injection drug use), drug overdose, or drug detoxification treatment. The rate of current or past HBV infection among veterans in this sample (30.8%) was high compared to an estimated 5% to 8% of the general US population. Also, 3% or the sample were currently infected with HBV. Strategies for intervention include broader screening, immunization, and treatment interventions with this high-risk group. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Family Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Inst Publ Hlth, Alcohol Res Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. Sch Nursing, Los Angeles, CA USA. Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Domiciliary Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gelberg, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Family Med, 50-071 CHS Box 951683, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD JUL PY 2001 VL 115 IS 4 BP 286 EP 291 DI 10.1038/sj.ph.1900783 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 465CP UT WOS:000170572300009 PM 11464302 ER PT J AU Arbuckle, MR James, JA Kohlhase, KF Rubertone, MV Dennis, GJ Harley, JB AF Arbuckle, MR James, JA Kohlhase, KF Rubertone, MV Dennis, GJ Harley, JB TI Development of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies prior to clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA ANTIBODIES; COMPLEMENT PROFILES; REVISED CRITERIA; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; CLASSIFICATION; SLE AB Anti-double stranded (dsDNA) antibodies are of considerable diagnostic value and are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fluctuations in anti-dsDNA antibody levels are also used as markers for disease activity and exacerbations. In this study we sought to evaluate the anti-dsDNA antibody level in serum samples collected before the onset of SLE diagnosis. A total of 130 SLE patients were identified with stored serum samples available prior to diagnosis within the US Department of Defense serum repository. All 633 sera available from these patients were screened for anti-dsDNA antibodies using an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Within this cohort 55% of cases had detectable anti-dsDNA antibodies prior to SLE diagnosis. The onset of anti-dsDNA antibodies ranged from 9.3 years before to within the same month as diagnosis (with a mean onset 2.7 years before diagnosis). In order to assess for fluctuations in anti-dsDNA levels relative to diagnosis, cases were selected with at least two positive samples, one within 6 months and a second greater than 6 months prior to diagnosis (n = 26). Seven of these cases also had samples available shortly after diagnosis (less than or equal to 6 months) for comparison. Fifty eight percent of the 26 cases developed a significant rise in anti-dsDNA antibody levels within 6 months of diagnosis. A significant decline in anti-dsDNA levels ensued after diagnosis (and following treatment with corticosteroids) in all seven cases with samples available. Patients with a significant rise in anti-dsDNA antibodies at diagnosis were more likely to have renal disease than those who did not (66.7% compared to 27.3%, chi (2) =3.94, P<0.05). These data suggest that anti-dsDNA antibodies are present in SLE patient sera much earlier than previously suspected. In addition, the data are consistent with increases in anti-dsDNA levels contributing to the onset of clinical illness in some patients with SLE. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI24717, AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR45231, AR01981, AR42460, AR42474, AR45084] NR 25 TC 69 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0300-9475 J9 SCAND J IMMUNOL JI Scand. J. Immunol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 54 IS 1-2 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00959.x PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 452ZT UT WOS:000169890300029 PM 11439169 ER PT J AU Shinaberger, JH AF Shinaberger, JH TI Quantification of dialysis: Historical perspective SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-EFFICIENCY HEMODIALYSIS; KINETIC-MODELS; MASS-TRANSFER; UREA REMOVAL; SINGLE-POOL; KT/V; BLOOD; HEMODIAFILTRATION; RECIRCULATION; CLEARANCE AB This article is an attempt to provide a historical perspective to the ongoing attempts to quantify dialysis therapy. It is immediately apparent that motivated chemists, physicists, engineers, mathematicians, and other scientists from all over the world have greatly aided this effort. Dialysis, described by Graham in 1861, was furthered by Abel et al. and Hass before World War I. Willem Kolff attempted to evaluate mass removed and Alwall used a solute extraction ratio. However, the concept of "clearance" and "dialysance" awaited the studies of Wolf et al. in 1951. This classic work describes most of the information concerning actual dialyzer performance known today. A. S. Michaels provided the equations leading to the KoA/Ro/A concept in 1966 which only very recently required updating. The interaction of diffusion and convection is complex and was studied by Villarroel in 1977 and recently by Jaffrin. L. W. Henderson studied and described hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration from 1967-1975. Efforts to relate the patient's outcome to the dialyzer's performance have been difficult and ongoing since 1971; the Babb-Scribner Square meter-hour (which included the expression "Kt/ the Kopp et al. Liter-Kilogram concept; 1972 Kjellstrand clearance * time/kg or Liter. A NIH sponsored conference on the Adequacy of Dialysis in Monterey, California in March of 1974 was focused somewhat on the "middle molecule" theory of uremic toxicity, but contained a presentation by Sargent and Gotch on the possibilities of urea kinetic modeling. They developed iterative computer programs to obtain the best estimates of the required variables. At about this same time, Teschan, Ginn et al. published a series of neurofunctional tests and EEG power spectra analyses which most convincingly showed that dialysis two times a week was inadequate, and that dialysis delivered three times a week at urea clearance equal to body water volume was required to normalize these abnormalities: a major contribution! The National Cooperative Dialysis Study reported in Kidney International, 1983, was either misunderstood or ignored by most practitioners. The mechanistic analysis of the study by Gotch and Sargent appeared in 1985 and indicated that at adequate protein intake a Kt/V >0.8 yielded better patient survival. In 1982 Malchesky reported the Direct Dialysis Quantification (DDQ) based on calculations from the total mass removed in the dialysate. Although cumbersome, it avoids many errors including the effect of hematocrit and other factors on dialyzer clearance and many consider it to be "the gold standard." The 1990s were characterized by the development of many simple logarithmic equations to estimate Kt/V and eKt/V suitable for spreadsheets which could be used for CQI by individual units. These are primarily by J. T. Daugirdas and coworkers, Smye and Tattersall. In 1991 the Urea Reduction Ratio (URR) was introduced by Lowrie, who in 1999 suggested that Kt and V (as indicator of lean body mass) were independent predictors of survival, Peritoneal dialysis: Although performed before and immediately after World War II, almost all of the basic quantification mechanistics and data are found in the publications of S. T. Boen (1964). Now quantifiers, the Mass Transport Area Coefficient (MTAC) or Pyle-Popovich model, the Henderson-Nolph, and Garred models, were compared by Waniewski. Gotch announced a PD modeling program which suggested that a weekly PKt/V at 2.1 was needed to supply the same urea removal as a Kt/V of 3.6, but warned that both were sensitive to decreased time. C1 W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Nephrol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90074 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Shinaberger, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Nephrol Sect, W 111L,Wadsworth Bldg 500,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90074 USA. NR 82 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL-AUG PY 2001 VL 14 IS 4 BP 238 EP 245 DI 10.1046/j.1525-139X.2001.00063.x PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 459HK UT WOS:000170244800002 PM 11489196 ER PT J AU Callander, NS Roodman, GD AF Callander, NS Roodman, GD TI Myeloma bone disease SO SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; ADVANCED MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; GALLIUM NITRATE; GROWTH-FACTOR; IN-VIVO; PERCUTANEOUS VERTEBROPLASTY; BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS; OSTEOLYTIC LESIONS; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; SKELETAL EVENTS C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40035] NR 98 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0037-1963 J9 SEMIN HEMATOL JI Semin. Hematol. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 276 EP 285 DI 10.1053/shem.2001.26007 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 458TG UT WOS:000170210200011 PM 11486316 ER PT J AU Washington, DL AF Washington, DL TI Charting the path from lack of insurance to poor health outcomes SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CARE; QUALITY C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Washington, DL (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 221 MAIN ST, PO BOX 7690, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94120-7690 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD JUL PY 2001 VL 175 IS 1 BP 23 EP 23 DI 10.1136/ewjm.175.1.23 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 448NG UT WOS:000169632500014 PM 11431395 ER PT J AU Lu, CX Schwartzbauer, G Sperling, MA Devaskar, SU Thamotharan, S Robbins, PD McTiernan, CF Liu, JL Jiang, J Frank, SJ Menon, RK AF Lu, CX Schwartzbauer, G Sperling, MA Devaskar, SU Thamotharan, S Robbins, PD McTiernan, CF Liu, JL Jiang, J Frank, SJ Menon, RK TI Demonstration of direct effects of growth hormone on neonatal cardiomyocytes SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IMPROVES CARDIAC-FUNCTION; FACTOR-I; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS; HEART-FAILURE; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DISULFIDE LINKAGE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GH RECEPTOR AB The cellular and molecular basis of growth hormone (GH) actions on the heart remain poorly defined, and it is unclear whether GH effects on the myocardium are direct or mediated at least in part via insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). Here, we demonstrate that the cultured neonatal cardiomyocyte is not an appropriate model to study the effects of GH because of artifactual loss of GH receptors (GHRs). To circumvent this problem, rat neonatal cardiomyocytes were infected with a recombinant adenovirus expressing the murine GHR, Functional integrity of GHR was suggested by GH-induced activation of the cognate JAK2/STAT5, MAPK, and Akt intracellular pathways in the cells expressing GHR. Although exposure to GH resulted in a significant increase in the size of the cardiomyocyte and increased expression of c fos, myosin light chain 2, and skeletal a-actin mRNAs, there were no significant changes in IGF-1 or atrial natriuretic factor mRNA levels in response to GH stimulation. In this model, GH increased incorporation of leucine, uptake of palmitic acid, and abundance of fatty acid transport protein mRNA. In contrast, GH decreased uptake of a-deoxy-D-glucose and levels of Glut1 protein. Thus, in isolated rat neonatal cardiomyocytes expressing GHR, GH induces hypertrophy and causes alterations in cellular metabolic profile in the absence of demonstrable changes in IGF-1 mRNA, suggesting that these effects may be independent of IGF-1. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Cardiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. RP Menon, RK (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Pediat, Div Endocrinol, 3705 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD25024, HD33997]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46395, DK49845, T32DK07729] NR 67 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 22 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 25 BP 22892 EP 22900 DI 10.1074/jbc.M011647200 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 444RE UT WOS:000169412700122 PM 11303022 ER PT J AU Kohen, R Fashingbauer, LA Heidmann, DEA Guthrie, CR Hamblin, MW AF Kohen, R Fashingbauer, LA Heidmann, DEA Guthrie, CR Hamblin, MW TI Cloning of the mouse 5-HT6 serotonin receptor and mutagenesis studies of the third cytoplasmic loop SO MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 5-HT6 receptor; serotonin receptor; G-protein coupled receptor; constitutive activity; site-directed mutagenesis; structure-function relationship ID INVERSE AGONIST ACTIVITY; CONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVATED STATE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; ALPHA(1B)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; LOCALIZATION; BINDING; TRANSCRIPTION AB We have cloned the mouse 5-HT6 serotonin receptor and examined structure-function relationships in the C-terminal end of the third cytoplasmic (Cm) loop, introducing point mutations by site-directed mutagenesis at positions 264 to 268. We examined the ability of 5-HT6 wild type and receptor mutants to activate a cAMP responsive reporter gene when transiently expressed in JEG-3 or COS-7 cells. The wild type 5-HT6 receptor showed strong constitutive activity even when expressed at very low levels and which increased in proportion to the amount of receptor cDNA transfected. Three of the five mutants investigated (K264I, K267A and A268R) showed reduction in constitutive activity compared to wild type. These data suggest that constitutive activity may be important to 5-HT6 receptor activity in vivo and that, unlike some other G-protein coupled receptors, alteration in the BBXXB CIII-loop motif reduces rather than further activates basal activity of the murine 5-HT6 receptor. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hamblin, MW (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, GRECC-182B,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 34 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-328X J9 MOL BRAIN RES JI Mol. Brain Res. PD JUN 20 PY 2001 VL 90 IS 2 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0169-328X(01)00090-0 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 444YD UT WOS:000169426900003 ER PT J AU Braziel, RM Arber, DA Slovak, ML Gulley, ML Spier, C Kjeldsberg, C Unger, J Miller, TP Tubbs, R Leith, C Fisher, RI Grogan, TM AF Braziel, RM Arber, DA Slovak, ML Gulley, ML Spier, C Kjeldsberg, C Unger, J Miller, TP Tubbs, R Leith, C Fisher, RI Grogan, TM TI The Burkitt-like lymphomas: a Southwest Oncology Group study delineating phenotypic, genotypic, and clinical features SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; LARGE-CELL LYMPHOMA; INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; GENE REARRANGEMENT; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; BCL-2 GENE AB The Revised European-American Lymphoma classification gives Burkitt-like lymphoma (BLL) provisional status, leaving unresolved the differential diagnosis with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study compared the biologic features of adult BLL and DLBCL. The phenotypic distinction between BLL and DLBCL was determined by immunohistochemical staining of frozen tissue from 13 patients with BLL and 55 patients with DLBCL by using an extensive antibody panel including Ki-67, CD10, CD11a/lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 alpha (LFA-1 alpha), CD18/LFA-1 beta, CD58/LFA-3, and CD54/intercellular adhesion molecule, CD8 for tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells (T-TILs), CD44 homing receptor, and p53 and Bcl-2 oncogenic proteins. Compared with DLBCL, BLL had a higher proliferative rate (mean Ki-67, 88% versus 53%), greater expression of CD10 and p53 antigens, and decreased expression of Bcl-2, BLL cases had a consistent absence of one or more cell adhesion molecules (92% versus 27%), low T-TIL numbers, and absence of CD44 homing receptor (92% versus 14%), The t(8;14) translocation was identified in 80% of BLL cases, but no patients with BLL had the t(14;18) translocation, In a 10-year analysis, median survival of patients with BLL was 1.2 years, and that of patients with DLBCL was 2.5 years. Although the proportion of patients cured was similar in the 2 groups, BLL patients had an increased risk of early death. We conclude that BLL can be recognized by its combined morphologic and phenotypic features and that it represents a high-grade lymphoma much closer to BL than DLBCL, Retention of the BLL category or inclusion of BLL as a variant of BL is biologically and clinically more appropriate than absorbing the category of BLL into DLBCL. (C) 2001 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie Murphy Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Arizona, SWOG Cent Lymphoma Repository, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. SWOG Stat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Canc, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Braziel, RM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, L471,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 32101] NR 47 TC 62 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 97 IS 12 BP 3713 EP 3720 DI 10.1182/blood.V97.12.3713 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 440FB UT WOS:000169164300009 PM 11389007 ER PT J AU Dohadwala, M Luo, J Zhu, L Lin, Y Dougherty, GJ Sharma, S Huang, M Pold, N Batra, RK Dubinett, SM AF Dohadwala, M Luo, J Zhu, L Lin, Y Dougherty, GJ Sharma, S Huang, M Pold, N Batra, RK Dubinett, SM TI Non-small cell lung cancer cyclooxygenase-2-dependent invasion is mediated by CD44 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INCREASED EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA CELLS; TUMOR INVASION; HUMAN PROSTATE; UP-REGULATION; TGF-BETA; IN-VIVO; APOPTOSIS; INHIBITION; GROWTH AB Elevated tumor cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression is associated with increased angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and suppression of host immunity. We have previously shown that genetic inhibition of tumor COX-2 expression reverses the immunosuppression induced by nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To assess the impact of COX-2 expression in lung cancer invasiveness, NSCLC cell lines were transduced with a retroviral vector expressing the human COX-2 cDNA in the sense (COX-2-S) and antisense (COX-2-AS) orientations. COX-2-S clones expressed significantly more COX-2 protein, produced 10-fold more prostaglandin E-2, and demonstrated an enhanced invasive capacity compared with control vector-transduced or parental cells. CD44, the cell surface receptor for hyaluronate, was overexpressed in COX-2-S cells, and specific blockade of CD44 significantly decreased tumor cell invasion. In contrast, COX-2-AS clones had a very limited capacity for invasion and showed diminished expression of CD44. These findings suggest that a COX-2-mediated, CD44-dependent pathway is operative in NSCLC invasion. Because tumor COX-2 expression appears to have a multifaceted role in conferring the malignant phenotype, COX-2 may be an important target for gene or pharmacologic therapy in NSCLC. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Lung Canc Res Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Dubinett, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 37-131 CHS,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1P50 CA90388, P50 CA090388, R01 CA078654, R01 CA71817, R01 CA78654] NR 50 TC 175 Z9 190 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 24 BP 20809 EP 20812 DI 10.1074/jbc.C100140200 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 442RC UT WOS:000169297900002 PM 11320076 ER PT J AU Littner, M Johnson, SF McCall, WV Anderson, WD Davila, D Hartse, K Kushida, CA Wise, MS Hirshkowitz, M Woodson, BT AF Littner, M Johnson, SF McCall, WV Anderson, WD Davila, D Hartse, K Kushida, CA Wise, MS Hirshkowitz, M Woodson, BT CA Stand Practice Comm TI Practice parameters for the treatment of narcolepsy: An update for 2000 SO SLEEP LA English DT Article ID EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; DOUBLE-BLIND; SCHEDULED NAPS; MODAFINIL; CATAPLEXY; PLACEBO; APNEA; PERFORMANCE; AMPHETAMINE; SELEGILINE AB Successful treatment of narcolepsy requires an accurate diagnosis to exclude patients with other sleep disorders, which have different treatments, and to avoid unnecessary complications of drug treatment. Treatment objectives should be tailored to individual circumstances. Modafinil, amphetamine, methamphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate, selegiline, pemoline, tricyclic antidepressants, and fluoxetine are effective treatments for narcolepsy, but the quality of published clinical evidence supporting them varies. Scheduled naps can be beneficial to combat sleepiness, but naps seldom suffice as primary therapy. Regular follow up of patients with narcolepsy is necessary to educate patients and their families, monitor for complications of therapy and emergent of other sleep disorders, and help the patient adapt to the disease. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Sepulveda, CA USA. St Patricks Hosp, Sleep Ctr, Missoula, MT USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Tampa, FL USA. Baptist Med Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Sleep Consultants Inc, Ft Worth, TX USA. Stanford Univ, Ctr Excellence Sleep Disorders, Stanford, CA USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC Sleep Disorders & Res, Houston, TX USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Otolaryngol & Commun Sci, Milwaukee, WI USA. RP Littner, M (reprint author), Amer Acad Sleep Med, Stand Practice Comm, 6301 Bandel Rd,Suite 101, Rochester, MN 55901 USA. NR 58 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD JUN 15 PY 2001 VL 24 IS 4 BP 451 EP 466 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 440QB UT WOS:000169184800011 PM 11403530 ER PT J AU Arterburn, D Noel, PH AF Arterburn, D Noel, PH TI Extracts from "Clinical Evidence" - Obesity SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID PRIMARY PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; WEIGHT-LOSS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; APPETITE-SUPPRESSANT; UNITED-STATES; ORLISTAT; SIBUTRAMINE; EFFICACY; PLACEBO C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, VERDICT, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Arterburn, D (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUN 9 PY 2001 VL 322 IS 7299 BP 1406 EP 1409 DI 10.1136/bmj.322.7299.1406 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 442KN UT WOS:000169284600020 PM 11397749 ER PT J AU Grupe, A Germer, S Usuka, J Aud, D Belknap, JK Klein, RF Ahluwalia, MK Higuchi, R Peltz, G AF Grupe, A Germer, S Usuka, J Aud, D Belknap, JK Klein, RF Ahluwalia, MK Higuchi, R Peltz, G TI In silico mapping of complex disease-related traits in mice SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL PREFERENCE; ALLERGIC-ASTHMA; INBRED MICE; LOCI; MOUSE; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; DISCOVERY; DRINKING; MODELS AB Experimental murine genetic models of complex human disease show great potential for understanding human disease pathogenesis. To reduce the time required for analysis of such models from many months down to milliseconds, a computational method for predicting chromosomal regions regulating phenotypic traits and a murine database of single nucleotide polymorphisms were developed. After entry of phenotypic information obtained from inbred mouse strains, the phenotypic and genotypic information is analyzed in silico to predict the chromosomal regions regulating the phenotypic trait. C1 Roche Biosci, Dept Genet & Genome, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. Roche Mol Syst, Alameda, CA 94501 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Peltz, G (reprint author), Roche Biosci, Dept Genet & Genome, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1 R01 HG02322-01, T32HG-00044]; NIAAA NIH HHS [P60 AA010760]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044659, R01 AR044659-07] NR 22 TC 222 Z9 234 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 8 PY 2001 VL 292 IS 5523 BP 1915 EP 1918 DI 10.1126/science.1058889 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 440WY UT WOS:000169200700050 PM 11397946 ER PT J AU Barron, HV Every, NR Parsons, LS Angeja, B Goldberg, RJ Gore, JM Chou, TM AF Barron, HV Every, NR Parsons, LS Angeja, B Goldberg, RJ Gore, JM Chou, TM CA Investigators Natl Registry Myocar TI The use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: Data from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GUSTO-I TRIAL; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; CORONARY-ARTERY; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; REPERFUSION THERAPY; REVASCULARIZATION; STREPTOKINASE; LIMITATIONS; MORTALITY; FAILURE AB Background Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the leading cause of death in patients hospitalized with AMI. Although several studies have demonstrated the importance of establishing and maintaining a potent infarct-related artery, it remains unclear as to whether intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) provides incremental benefit to reperfusion therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IABP use is associated with lower in-hospital mortality rates in patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock in a large AMI registry. Methods We evaluated patients participating in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 who had cardiogenic shock at initial examination or in whom cardiogenic shock developed during hospitalization (n = 23,180). Results The mean age of patients in the study was 72 years, 54% were men, and the majority were white. The overall morality rate in all patients who had cardiogenic shock or in whom cardiogenic shock developed was 70%. IABP was used in 7268 (31%) patients. IABP use was associated with a significant reduction in mortality rates in patients who received thrombolytic therapy (67% vs 49%) but was not associated with any benefit in patients treated with primary angioplasty (45% vs 47%). In a multivariate model, the use of IABP in conjunction with thrombolytic therapy decreased the odds of death by 18% (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.93). Conclusions Patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock may have substantial benefit from IABP when used in combination with thrombolytic therapy. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Med Affairs, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, NW HSR&D Field Program, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ventura Cty Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA USA. RP Barron, HV (reprint author), 1 DNA Way, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. NR 21 TC 152 Z9 181 U1 2 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 141 IS 6 BP 933 EP 939 DI 10.1067/mhj.2001.115295 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 438BH UT WOS:000169033500009 PM 11376306 ER PT J AU Bullman, TA Kang, HK AF Bullman, TA Kang, HK TI Seven year mortality follow-up of US Gulf war veterans. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 153 IS 11 SU S MA 443 BP S128 EP S128 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 437RB UT WOS:000169006400431 ER PT J AU Feldman, M Cryer, B Mallat, D Go, MF AF Feldman, M Cryer, B Mallat, D Go, MF TI Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastroduodenal injury and gastric prostaglandin synthesis during long term/low dose aspirin therapy: A prospective placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; NEUTROPHIL-DEPENDENT PROCESS; MUCOSAL INJURY; HEALTHY HUMANS; DISEASE; CYCLOOXYGENASE-1; ULCERATION; ULCERS; NSAIDS AB OBJECTIVES: Whether gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric mucosal injury during long term/low dose aspirin therapy is unknown. We examined whether H, pylori infection enhances upper GI mucosal damage, assessed endoscopically, in volunteers given low dose aspirin. We studied 61 healthy men and women, 29 with and 32 without active H. pylori infection. METHODS: We treated volunteers for 45 days with a placebo or aspirin (either 81 mg every day or 325 mg every 3 days). Gastroduodenal mucosal damage was then assessed by endoscopy, as was gastric histology and ex vivo gastric mucosal prostaglandin E, and F,, synthesis rates. RESULTS: Erosive disease from low dose aspirin (erosions and/or ulcers) occurred in 50% of H. pylori-infected volunteers and in 16% of their noninfected counterparts (p = 0.02). Aspirin caused a significantly higher average mucosal injury score in the gastric antrum in H, pylori-infected participants than in noninfected subjects (p = 0.03), and two H. pylori-infected subjects developed antral gastric ulcers. Subjects with H. pylori gastritis treated with the placebo had nearly 50% higher gastric mucosal prostaglandin (E-2 plus F-2 alpha) synthesis rates than their noninfected counterparts (108 +/- 6 ng/g/min versus 75 +/- 6 ng/g/min, p < 0.001). Aspirin reduced mucosal prostaglandin synthesis to similar levels in infected and noninfected participants. CONCLUSIONS: Long term/low dose aspirin therapy led to more gastric mucosal damage when H. pylori gastritis was present than when it was absent, despite similar degrees of gastric mucosal prostaglandin depletion. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Feldman, M (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 111,4500 S Lancaster Rd, Dallas, TX 75216 USA. NR 27 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 96 IS 6 BP 1751 EP 1757 DI 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02491-1 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 440XB UT WOS:000169201000013 PM 11419825 ER PT J AU Serby, M Samuels, SC AF Serby, M Samuels, SC TI Diagnostic criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies reconsidered SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID BODY DISEASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CLINICAL-FEATURES; SENILE DEMENTIA; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; HALLUCINATIONS; VARIANT; SENSITIVITY; PATHOLOGY AB The validity of the consensus criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has been questioned. The authors, therefore, performed analyses of 242 published cases with clinicopathological correlation of DLB. The prevalence of specific consensus criteria in 69 patients reported on 41, the Newcastle and Nottingham groups in England (Group N) were compared with their prevalence in papers from all other investigators (Group O). Analysis of the entire sample (Groups N and O combined) revealed 64% with parkinsonism, 66%, with co-occurring parkinsonism and dementia, 39% with visual hallucinations (VH), and 30% with cognitive fluctuations (CF). Group N had significantly, more CF and co-occurring parkinsonism and dementia. Dopaminergic drugs were associated with the presence of VH. Although selection factors may, have contributed to investigator differences, parkinsonism and co-occurrence will) dementia appear to be the most consistent diagnostic criteria for DLB. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Serby, M (reprint author), Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Box 1230,1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 9 IS 3 BP 212 EP 216 DI 10.1176/appi.ajgp.9.3.212 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 461PH UT WOS:000170372300003 PM 11481128 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Furukawa, O Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD TI Acute adaptive cellular base uptake in rat duodenal epithelium SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intracellular pH; bicarbonate secretion; mucosal defense; mucus secretion; mucosal blood flow ID BICARBONATE SECRETION; MUCOSAL PERMEABILITY; ALKALINE SECRETION; LUMINAL ACID; BLOOD-FLOW; HYDROCHLORIC-ACID; PH; INJURY; CYTOPROTECTION; DIFFUSION AB We studied the role of duodenal cellular ion transport in epithelial defense mechanisms in response to rapid shifts of luminal pH. We used in vivo microscopy to measure duodenal epithelial cell intracellular pH (pH(i)), mucus gel thickness, blood flow, and HCO3- secretion in anesthetized rats with or without the Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor 5-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride (DMA) or the anion transport inhibitor DIDS. During acid perfusion pH(i) decreased, whereas mucus gel thickness and blood flow increased, with pH(i) increasing to over baseline (overshoot) and blood flow and gel thickness returning to basal levels during subsequent neutral solution perfusion. During a second brief acid challenge, pH(i) decrease was lessened (adaptation). These are best explained by augmented cellular HCO3- uptake in response to perfused acid. DIDS, but not DMA, abolished the overshoot and pH(i) adaptation and decreased acid-enhanced HCO3- secretion. In perfused duodenum, effluent total CO2 output was not increased by acid perfusion, despite a massive increase of titratable alkalinity, consistent with substantial acid back diffusion and modest CO2 back diffusion during acid perfusions. Rapid shifts of luminal pH increased duodenal epithelial buffering power, which protected the cells from perfused acid, presumably by activation of Na+-HCO3- cotransport. This adaptation may be a novel, important, and early duodenal protective mechanism against rapid physiological shifts of luminal acidity. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Coll Letters & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Greater Los Angeles Vet Affairs Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Akiba, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bldg 114,Rm 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK-54221] NR 30 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 280 IS 6 BP G1083 EP G1092 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 432DJ UT WOS:000168676700006 PM 11352800 ER PT J AU Vaquero, E Gukovsky, I Zaninovic, V Gukovskaya, AS Pandol, SJ AF Vaquero, E Gukovsky, I Zaninovic, V Gukovskaya, AS Pandol, SJ TI Localized pancreatic NF-kappa B activation and inflammatory response in taurocholate-induced pancreatitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute pancreatitis; nuclear factor-kappa B; activator protein-1; cytokines; chemokines; inducible nitric oxide synthase ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACINAR-CELLS; CHEMOKINE EXPRESSION; THERAPEUTIC ERCP; RAT PANCREAS; FACTOR-ALPHA; AP-1; CYTOKINES; CERULEIN AB Transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is activated in cerulein pancreatitis and mediates cytokine expression. The role of transcription factor activation in other models of pancreatitis has not been established. Here we report upregulation of NF-kappaB and inflammatory molecules, and their correlation with local pancreatic injury, in a model of severe pancreatitis. Rats received intraductal infusion of taurocholate or saline, and the pancreatic head and tail were analyzed separately. NF-kappaB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation were assessed by gel shift assay, and mRNA expression of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, KC, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was assessed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Morphological damage and trypsin activation were much greater in the pancreatic head than tail, in parallel with a stronger activation of NF-kappaB and cytokine mRNA. Saline infusion mildly affected these parameters. AP-1 was strongly activated in both pancreatic segments after either taurocholate or saline infusion. NF-kappaB inhibition with N-acetylcysteine ameliorated the local inflammatory response. Correlation between localized NF-kappaB activation, cytokine upregulation, and tissue damage suggests a key role for NF-kappaB in the development of the inflammatory response of acute pancreatitis. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Vaquero, E (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Bldg 258,Rm 331,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [P50-AA-11999] NR 52 TC 101 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 280 IS 6 BP G1197 EP G1208 PG 12 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 432DJ UT WOS:000168676700019 PM 11352813 ER PT J AU Stojiljkovic, MP Zhang, DA Lopes, HF Lee, CG Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM AF Stojiljkovic, MP Zhang, DA Lopes, HF Lee, CG Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM TI Hemodynamic effects of lipids in humans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypertension; nonesterified fatty acids; blood pressure ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; PLASMA FATTY-ACIDS; OBESITY HYPERTENSION; OLEIC-ACID; UNITED-STATES; UTAH FAMILIES; RISK FACTOR; INSULIN; SENSITIVITY; MECHANISM AB Evidence suggests lipid abnormalities may contribute to elevated blood pressure, increased vascular resistance, and reduced arterial compliance among insulin-resistant subjects. In a study of 11 normal volunteers undergoing 4-h-long infusions of Intralipid and heparin to raise plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs), we observed increases of blood pressure. In contrast, blood pressure did not change in these same volunteers during a 4-h infusion of saline and heparin. To better characterize the hemodynamic responses to Intralipid and heparin, another group of 21 individuals, including both lean and obese volunteers, was studied after 3 wk on a controlled diet with 180 mmol sodium/day. Two and four hours after starting the infusions, plasma NEFAs increased by 134 and 111% in those receiving Intralipid and heparin, P< 0.01, whereas plasma NEFAs did not change in the first group of normal volunteers who received saline and heparin. The hemodynamic changes in lean and obese subjects in the second study were similar, and the results were combined. The infusion of Intralipid and heparin induced a significant increase in systolic (13.5 +/- 2.1 mmHg) and diastolic (8.0 +/- 1.5 mmHg) blood pressure as well as heart rate (9.4 +/- 1.4 beats/min). Small and large artery compliance decreased, and systemic vascular resistance rose. These data raise the possibility that lipid abnormalities associated with insulin resistance contribute to the elevated blood pressure and heart rate as well as the reduced vascular compliance observed in subjects with the cardiovascular risk factor cluster. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Div Clin Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Mil Med Acad, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, YU-11030 Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Heart Inst,InCor,Unidade Hipertensao, BR-05403 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Pharmacol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Egan, BM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Div Clin Pharmacol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,CSB 826H, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-01070]; NHLBI NIH HHS [P01-HL55782, R01-HL58794] NR 41 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 280 IS 6 BP R1674 EP R1679 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 432DK UT WOS:000168676800011 PM 11353670 ER PT J AU Shenker, Y Skatrud, JB AF Shenker, Y Skatrud, JB TI Adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN; METAANALYSIS; ILLNESS; SEPSIS C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Endocrinol Sect, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Shenker, Y (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Endocrinol Sect, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 163 IS 7 BP 1520 EP 1523 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 443JE UT WOS:000169337400006 PM 11401866 ER PT J AU Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K Kelley, ME AF Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K Kelley, ME TI The relationship between eligibility criteria for participation in alcohol brief intervention trials and other alcohol and health-related variables SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE; PROBLEM DRINKERS; DRINKING; CONSUMPTION; AUDIT AB In clinical trials of brief interventions,for alcohol use, indiriduals typically are defined as eligible for tbe research through meeting quantity frequency (QF) of alcohol consumption criteria, alcohol-related problems criteria, or both. The purpose of this study was to evaluate preintervention and posttreatment differences among three groups of research participants eligible for participation in a brief intervention clinical trial by meeting the AUDIT total score criterion only, the QF criterion only, or both. The participants were 301 men and women 21 years of age or older who presented for medical treatment at one of twelve primary care clinics and were screened for participation in Me clinical trial. Participants completed an assessment protocol at preintervention and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postintervention. The analyses showed statistical differences among the three subgroups on three outcome dimensions of alcohol consumption, related consequences and behaviors, and medical complications; for both consumption and complications, the AUDIT + QF participants showed greater severity than participants in either of the other two groups. For consequences, AUDIT + QF participants scored higher than the QF participants on one variable constituting this dimension. The overall subgroup differences were maintained at six months in the consumption and consequences data. The implications of these findings for sensitivity of brief intervention trial design, the discovery of patient moderators of intervention effectiveness, and clinical practice are discussed. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Syracuse Univ, Div Gen Internal Med, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Maisto, SA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 00235, AA 10291] NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU BRUNNER-ROUTLEDGE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, 8TH FL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3 BP 218 EP 231 PG 14 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 474VL UT WOS:000171127500002 PM 11579620 ER PT J AU Monterosso, JR Flannery, BA Pettinati, HM Oslin, DW Rukstalis, M O'Brien, CP Volpicelli, JR AF Monterosso, JR Flannery, BA Pettinati, HM Oslin, DW Rukstalis, M O'Brien, CP Volpicelli, JR TI Predicting treatment response to naltrexone: The influence of craving and family history SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 153rd Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 13-18, 2000 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID COMPULSIVE DRINKING SCALE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; THERAPY; RISK AB Naltrexone has repeated ly been shown to reduce drinking in alcohol-dependent patients. Previous clinical research suggests that naltrexone may be more effective at reducing drinking among patients with high levels of alcohol craving at the beginning of treatment. In addition, laboratory studies suggest that naltrexone may be more, efficacious among patients with a high familial loading of alcohol problems. We explored both of these possibilities in the context of the first 12-week phase of a double blind, placebo-controlled naltrexone trial. A total of 121 patients were randomized to receive 100 mg/day naltrexone and 62 patients were randomized to receive placebo. Both naltrexone and placebo were given in conjunction with a psychosocial intervention designed to be integrated with the use of pharmacotherapy. This intervention was administered by nurse practitioners. Overall, patients randomized to naltrexone reported drinking fire or more drinks on fewer days than did placebo controls (p =. 04). Interactions were observed between medication group assignment and both craving level prior to randomization (p = .02) and family loading of alcohol problems (p = .05). In both cases, the interaction was in the predicted direction. These data suggest that patients with high levels of alcohol craving or a strong family history of alcoholism are more likely to benefit from naltrexone treatment. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19118 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Volpicelli, JR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Addict, 40 W Evergreen Ave,Suite 106, Philadelphia, PA 19118 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01AA-07517] NR 27 TC 132 Z9 136 U1 3 U2 5 PU BRUNNER-ROUTLEDGE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, 8TH FL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 10 IS 3 BP 258 EP 268 PG 11 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 474VL UT WOS:000171127500006 PM 11579624 ER PT J AU Hirakura, Y Kagan, BL AF Hirakura, Y Kagan, BL TI Pore formation by beta-2-microglobulin: a mechanism for the pathogenesis of dialysis associated amyloidosis SO AMYLOID-JOURNAL OF PROTEIN FOLDING DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE beta-2-microglobulin; dialysis amyloidosis; pore formation ID SERUM BETA(2)-MICROGLOBULIN; BETA-PROTEIN; CONGO RED; CHANNELS; HEMODIALYSIS; MEMBRANES; BLOCKADE; TOXIN AB Beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2M, molecular weight 10,000) is a 99 residue immune system protein which is part of the MHC Class I complex whose role is to present antigens to T cells. beta 2M serum levels rise dramatically in renal failure, and a syndrome called " dialysis associated amyloidosis " occurs with time in a majority of hemodialysis patients who exhibit beta 2M amyloid deposits in joints, bone and other organs(1). beta 2M can also induce Ca++ efflux from calvariae, collagenase production, and bone resportion(2-1). We report here that beta 2M formed relatively nonselective, long-lived, voltage independent ion channels in planar phospholipid bilayer membranes at physiologically relevant concentrations. The channels were inhibited by Congo red and blocked by zinc suggesting that they exist in an aggregated beta sheet stale as is common with other amyloid fibril forming peptides. Multiple single channel conductances were seen suggesting that various oligomers of beta 2M may be capable of forming channel structures. We suggest that beta 2M channel formation may account for some of the pathophysiologic effects seen in dialysis associated amyloidosis. These findings lend further weight to the "channel hypothesis" of amyloid pathogenesis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med,Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Mental Retardat Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kagan, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med,Brain Res Inst, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 01174] NR 31 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP PI CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE PA CASTERTON HALL, CARNFORTH LANCASHIRE LA6 2LA, ENGLAND SN 1350-6129 J9 AMYLOID JI Amyloid-J. Protein Fold. Disord. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 8 IS 2 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.3109/13506120109007350 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 439KT UT WOS:000169116600003 PM 11409039 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Luther, M Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR AF Gonzalez, GM Tijerina, R Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Luther, M Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR TI Correlation between antifungal susceptibilities of Coccidioides immitis in vitro and antifungal treatment with caspofungin in a mouse model SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID L-743,872; CILOFUNGIN; CANDIDIASIS; SYNTHASE; INVITRO; AGENT AB Caspofungin (Merck Pharmaceuticals) was tested in vitro against 25 clinical isolates of Coccidoides immitis. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards document M38-P guidelines. Two C. immitis isolates for which the caspofungin MICs were different were selected for determination of the minimum effective concentration (MEC), and these same strains mere used for animal studies. Survival and tissue burdens of the spleens, livers, and lungs were used as antifungal response markers. Mice infected,vith strain 98-449 (48-h MIG, 8 mug/ml; 48-h MEG, 0.125 mug/ml) showed 100% survival to day 50 when treated with caspofungin at greater than or equal to1 mg/kg. Nice infected with strain 98-571 (48-h MIG, 64 mug/ml; 48-h MEC,0.125 mug/ml) displayed greater than or equal to 80% survival when the treatment was caspofungin at greater than or equal to5 mg/kg. Treatment with caspofungin at 0.5, 1, 5, or 10 mg/kg was effective in reducing the tissue fungal burdens of mice infected with either isolate. When tissue fungal burden study results were compared between strains, caspofungin showed no statistically significant difference in efficacy in the organs of the mice treated with both strains. A better in vitro-in vivo correlation was noted when we used the MEC instead of the MIC as the endpoint for antifungal susceptibility testing. Caspofungin may have a role in the treatment of coccidioidomycosis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis 7881, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. RP Gonzalez, GM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis 7881, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 18 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 45 IS 6 BP 1854 EP 1859 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.6.1854-1859.2001 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 434YD UT WOS:000168842700037 PM 11353637 ER PT J AU Raugi, G Berg, D Berkley, J Oppenheimer, P AF Raugi, G Berg, D Berkley, J Oppenheimer, P TI Virtual reality-based skin surgical simulation: Creating fast finite-element models from medical images SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Dermatol, Human Interface Technol Lab, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 137 IS 6 MA 8 BP 811 EP 811 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 442EP UT WOS:000169272500028 ER PT J AU Schwartz, S Patrick, DL Yueh, B AF Schwartz, S Patrick, DL Yueh, B TI Quality-of-life outcomes in the evaluation of head and neck cancer treatments SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; INTRAORAL TUMOR SURGERY; ADVANCED STAGE-III; LARYNGEAL-CANCER; ORAL-CANCER; PHARYNGEAL-CANCER; HEALTH-STATUS; RADIATION-THERAPY; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; WASHINGTON HEAD AB Objectives: To review the published literature to evaluate the design, use of terminology, and interpretation of results in studies using quality-of-life (QOL) instruments to measure differences between head and neck cancer treatments at a point in time or to report changes over time in one or more treatment groups. Data Source: MEDLINE search for subject headings "head and neck neoplasms" las a main topic) and "quality of life" or "health status" restricted to English-language sources and a 10-year period from 1989 to 1999. Study Selection: Four hundred forty-five abstracts were reviewed to find articles using an instrument to compare head and neck cancer therapy groups with a QOL outcome (13.7% included). Data Extraction: Two readers reviewed each article to determine how terminology was used, if a scientific study design was used, and if differences or changes in scores were clinically interpreted. Results: Sixty-one articles were reviewed. Forty different instruments were used. Terminology was used inconsistently in 21 (34.4%) of the 61 articles. A scientific study design was used in only 11 (18.0%) of the 61 articles (P < .001). A clinical interpretation of results was given in 16 (26.2%) of the 61 articles (P<.001). Conclusions: While QOL outcomes show promise for assisting with treatment decisions in head and neck cancer therapy, few studies using instruments to measure QOL outcomes are hypothesis driven and clinical interpretations of results are not commonly provided. We recommend that future studies identify the construct to be measured, specify comparator groups and hypotheses a priori, and provide clinical interpretations of results. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Schwartz, S (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1959 NE Pacific St,Box 356515, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00018] NR 70 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 127 IS 6 BP 673 EP 678 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 440KB UT WOS:000169173500007 PM 11405866 ER PT J AU Ehde, DM Smith, DG Czerniecki, JM Campbell, KM Malchow, DM Robinson, RLR AF Ehde, DM Smith, DG Czerniecki, JM Campbell, KM Malchow, DM Robinson, RLR TI Back pain as a secondary disability in persons with lower limb amputations SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE amputation; back pain; health surveys; leg; pain measurement; rehabilitation ID SEVERITY AB Objective: To evaluate the frequency, duration, intensity, and interference of back pain in a sample of persons with lower limb amputations. Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional survey. Setting: Community-based survey from clinical databases. Participants: Participants who were 6 or more months post-lower limb amputation (n = 255). Intervention: An amputation pain survey that included several standardized pain measures. Main Outcome Measures: Frequency, duration, intensity, and interference of back pain. Results: Of the participants who completed the survey (return rate, 56%), 52% reported experiencing persistent, bothersome back pain. Of these, 43% reported average back pain intensity in the mild range (1-4 on 0-10 rating scale) and 25% reported pain of moderate intensity (5-6 on 0-10 scale). Most respondents with back pain rated the interference of their pain on function as none to minimal. However, nearly 25% of those with back pain described it as frequent, of severe intensity (greater than or equal to7 on 0-10 scale), and as severely interfering with daily activities including social, recreational, family, and work activities. Conclusions: Back pain may be surprisingly common in persons with lower limb amputations, and, for some who experience it, may greatly interfere with function. (C) 2001 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Nursing, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. VA Ctr Amputat Prosthet & Limb Loss Prevent, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ehde, DM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Rehabil Med, 325 9th Ave,Box 359740, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD/NS33988] NR 7 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 82 IS 6 BP 731 EP 734 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.21962 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 439KK UT WOS:000169115900003 PM 11387575 ER PT J AU Morris, DM Uswatte, G Crago, JE Cook, EW Taub, E AF Morris, DM Uswatte, G Crago, JE Cook, EW Taub, E TI The reliability of the wolf motor function test for assessing upper extremity function after stroke SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE brain injuries; cerebrovascular accident; rehabilitation ID INDUCED MOVEMENT THERAPY; RECOVERY AB Objective: To examine the reliability of the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) for assessing upper extremity motor function in adults with hemiplegia. Design: Interrater and test-retest reliability. Setting: A clinical research laboratory at a university medical center. Patients: A sample of convenience of 24 subjects with chronic hemiplegia (onset > 1yr), showing moderate motor impairment. Intervention: The WMFT includes 15 functional tasks. Performances were timed and rated by using a 6-poinr functional ability scale. The WMFT was administered to subjects twice with a 2-week interval between administrations. All test sessions were videotaped for scoring at a later time by blinded and trained experienced therapists. Main Outcome Measure: Interrater reliability was examined by using intraclass correlation coefficients and internal consistency by using Cronbach's alpha. Results: Interrater reliability was .97 or greater for performance time and .88 or greater for functional ability. Internal consistency for test 1 was .92 for performance time and .92 for functional ability; for test 2, it was .86 for performance time and .92 for functional ability. Test-retest reliability was .90 for performance time and .95 for functional ability. Absolute Scores for subjects were stable over the 2 test administrations. Conclusion: The WMFT is an instrument with high interrater reliability, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and adequate stability. (C) 2001 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Phys Therapy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Phys Therapy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Morris, DM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Phys Therapy, Bishop Bldg,Rm 102,900 19th St S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Uswatte, Gitendra/C-4913-2009 NR 23 TC 244 Z9 259 U1 2 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 82 IS 6 BP 750 EP 755 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.23183 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 439KK UT WOS:000169115900006 PM 11387578 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Hazuda, HP AF Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Hazuda, HP TI Walking velocity in aged persons: Its association with lower extremity joint range of motion SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM-ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hip; knee; joint range of motion; walking velocity; diabetes mellitus; Mexican Americans ID MEXICAN-AMERICANS; FLEXION RANGE; PAIN MAP; MOBILITY; DETERMINANTS; HIP; QUESTIONNAIRE; OBESITY AB Objective. To measure the association between walking velocity and hip and knee flexion range, ethnic background, anthropometrics, comorbid pathologies, and coimpairments, in a sample of community-dwelling aged persons. Methods. To reach our objective, we used data from the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA), a population-based cohort of Mexican American and European American persons aged 64 to 79. By fitting hierarchical regression models, we measured the variance in the walking velocity over 50 feet explained by hip and knee flexion range, adjusting for the combined influence of demographic and anthropometric variables, coexistent pathologic conditions, impairments, and the examiners who conducted the assessments. Results. The average walking velocity among the 702 subjects for whom data were available was 73.6 meters per minute (range 20 to 121). Bivariate analyses revealed significant associations between walking velocity and age, sex, ethnic back-round, height, weight, presence of arthritis, diabetes mellitus, stroke, upper leg pain, peripheral vascular disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, and forced expiratory volume at 1 second. The correlation (r) between walking velocity and flexion range of the hip and knee were 0.40 and 0.35, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.001 for each). Multivariate hierarchical models adjusting for demographic and anthropometric characteristics of the subjects, and examiner variation, revealed that hip and knee flexion range explained 6% of the variance in walking velocity. Adjusting for the presence of comorbid conditions and coimpairments reduced the variance attributable to hip and knee flexion range only slightly, to 5%. Conclusion. Hip and knee flexion range contribute significantly to walking velocity in the SALSA cohort of community-dwelling aged persons. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, Geriatr Res & Educ Ctr, GRECC 182, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hazuda, HP (reprint author), 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG10444] NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR JI Arthritis Rheum-Arthritis Care Res. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 45 IS 3 BP 287 EP 294 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200106)45:3<287::AID-ART262>3.0.CO;2-1 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 487JT UT WOS:000171872500013 PM 11409671 ER PT J AU Saghir, AN Tuxworth, WJ Hagedorn, CH McDermott, PJ AF Saghir, AN Tuxworth, WJ Hagedorn, CH McDermott, PJ TI Modifications of eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (elF4F) in adult cardiocytes by adenoviral gene transfer: differential effects on elF4F activity and total protein synthesis rates SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE adenovirus; hypertrophy; translation ID CAP-DEPENDENT TRANSLATION; FACTOR 4E; PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; VOLUME OVERLOAD; PHOSPHORYLATION SITES; 4E-BINDING PROTEIN-1; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; FELINE CARDIOCYTES; COMPLEX-FORMATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB In adult feline cardiocytes, increases in eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) activity are correlated with accelerated rates of total protein synthesis produced in response to increased load. Adenoviral gene transfer was employed to increase either eIF4F complex formation or the phosphorylation of eIF4E on Ser-209. To simulate load, cardiocytes were electrically stimulated to contract (2 Hz, 5 ms pulses). Non-stimulated cardiocytes were used as controls. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of wildtype eIF4E increased the total eIF4E pool by 120-140% above endogenous levels after 24h and produced a corresponding increase in eIF4F content. However, it did not accelerate total protein synthesis rates in-quiescent cardiocytes; neither did it potentiate the increase produced by contraction. To modify the affinity of eIF4F, cardiocytes were infected with a mutant (eIF4E/W56F) with a decreased binding affinity for the mRNA cap. Overexpression of eIF4E/W56F increased the quantity of eIF4F but the rate of total protein synthesis was decreased in quiescent and contracting cardiocytes. Overexpression of a mutant that blocked eIF4E phosphorylation (eIF4E/S209A) increased the quantity of eIF4F without any significant effect on total protein synthesis rates in quiescent or contracting cardiocytes. Overexpression of the eIF4E kinase Mnk-1 increased eIF4E phosphorylation without a corresponding increase in eIF4F complex formation or in the rate of total protein synthesis. We conclude the following: (1) eIF4F assembly is increased by raising eIF4E levels via adenoviral gene transfer; (2) the cap binding affinity of eIF4F is a rate-limiting determinant for total protein synthesis rates; and (3) increases in the quantity of eIF4F alone or in eIF4E phosphorylation are not sufficient to accelerate total protein synthesis rates. C1 Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ralph H Johnson Dept, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Winship Canc Ctr, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Winship Canc Ctr, Genet Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP McDermott, PJ (reprint author), Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Strom Thurmond Biomed Res Bldg,Room 303,114 Dough, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-48788] NR 50 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 356 BP 557 EP 566 DI 10.1042/0264-6021:3560557 PN 2 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 442QE UT WOS:000169295800031 PM 11368785 ER PT J AU Han, JH Choi, SJ Kurihara, N Koide, M Oba, Y Roodman, GD AF Han, JH Choi, SJ Kurihara, N Koide, M Oba, Y Roodman, GD TI Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor in myeloma that is independent of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BONE-MARROW; GIANT-CELL TUMORS; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; IN-VIVO; OSTEOPROTEGERIN LIGAND; STROMAL CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-6; EXPRESSION; RESORPTION AB A complementary DNA expression library derived from marrow samples from myeloma patients was recently screened and human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (hMIP-1 alpha) was identified as an osteoclastogenic factor expressed in these samples. hMIP-1 alpha enhanced osteoclast (OCL) formation in human marrow cultures and by highly purified OCL precursors in a dose-dependent manner (5-200 pg/mL), Furthermore, hMIP-1 alpha enhanced OCL formation induced by human interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is produced by marrow stromal cells when they interact with myeloma cells. hMIP-1 alpha also enhanced OCL formation induced by parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and receptor activator of nuclear factor KB ligand (RANKL), factors also implicated in myeloma bone disease. Time-course studies revealed that the hMIP-1 alpha acted during the last 2 weeks of the 3-week culture period. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the chemokine receptors for hMIP-1 alpha (CCR1 and CCR5) were expressed by human bone marrow and highly purified early OCL precursors. Furthermore, hMIP-1 alpha did not increase expression of RANKL, These data demonstrate that hMIP-1 alpha is an osteoclastogenic factor that appears to act directly on human OCL progenitors and acts at the later stages of OCL differentiation. These data further suggest that in patients with myeloma, MIP-la produced by myeloma cells, in combination with RANKL and IL-6 that are produced by marrow; stromal cells in response to myeloma cells, enhances OCL formation through their combined effects on Od precursors. (Blood. 2001; 97:3349-3353). C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Gen Clin Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Han, J/G-4671-2010 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA40035] NR 33 TC 207 Z9 215 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 97 IS 11 BP 3349 EP 3353 DI 10.1182/blood.V97.11.3349 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 436GJ UT WOS:000168927900006 PM 11369623 ER PT J AU Foster, D Strong, R Morgan, WW AF Foster, D Strong, R Morgan, WW TI A tetracycline-repressible transactivator approach suggests a shorter half-life for tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA SO BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article DE tyrosine hydroxylase; mRNA stability; post-transcriptional regulation; tyrosine hydroxylase gene; catecholamines ID PROTEIN-KINASE-A; PYRIMIDINE-RICH SEQUENCE; MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY; 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ONGOING RNA; PC12 CELLS; ACTIVATION; BINDING; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Long-term increases in catecholamine release result in elevated levels of the mRNA for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of these compounds. This increase is due, in part, to increased transcription. However, recent evidence suggests that increased stability of TH mRNA may also play a role. One of the problems in studying the stability of the TH message is the limitation of current methods for assessing transcript half-life. in this study the regulation of the expression of the rat TH gene was placed under the control of a tetracycline (Tet)-repressible transactivator (tTA). In the absence of doxycycline (Dox), an analogue of Tet, TH mRNA was synthesized. However, when Dox was present, transcription of TH message was essentially totally suppressed, and the resulting degradation of the TH mRNA provided an index of the half-life of this message. With this approach the computed half-life of TH mRNA was significantly shorter than that determined following actinomycin D administration. This effect was not due to some unique feature of the chimeric gene used to synthesize TH mRNA or to an untoward effect of the Tet analogue used to suppress TH transcription. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Morgan, WW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, Mail Code 7762,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG14674]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52543] NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-299X J9 BRAIN RES PROTOC JI Brain Res. Protoc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 7 IS 2 BP 137 EP 146 DI 10.1016/S1385-299X(01)00056-3 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 437YL UT WOS:000169026900007 PM 11356380 ER PT J AU Littner, M Szymusiak, RS AF Littner, M Szymusiak, RS TI To sleep deeply, perchance to wake refreshed SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID SCALE; APNEA; PERFORMANCE; NARCOLEPSY C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RP Littner, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2001 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1633 EP 1634 DI 10.1378/chest.119.6.1633 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 441NB UT WOS:000169235500005 PM 11399683 ER PT J AU Margolis, ML AF Margolis, ML TI A survey of the use of herbal agents among Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center pulmonary outpatients SO CHEST LA English DT Letter C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Sect, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Margolis, ML (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Sect, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUN PY 2001 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1981 EP 1982 DI 10.1378/chest.119.6.1981-a PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 441NB UT WOS:000169235500071 PM 11399744 ER PT J AU Frank, EL Hughes, MP Bankson, DD Roberts, WL AF Frank, EL Hughes, MP Bankson, DD Roberts, WL TI Effects of anticoagulants and contemporary blood collection containers on aluminum, copper, and zinc results SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID URINE C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. RP Frank, EL (reprint author), ARUP Labs, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK35816] NR 7 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1109 EP 1112 PN 1 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MW UT WOS:000168996300021 PM 11375301 ER PT J AU Dinovo, EC Renner, SW Mody, FV AF Dinovo, EC Renner, SW Mody, FV TI Use of CKMBmass for confirmation of the first or an isolated positive troponin I result. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 SU S MA 689 BP A210 EP A210 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MX UT WOS:000168996400806 ER PT J AU Dinovo, EC Renner, SW Mody, FV AF Dinovo, EC Renner, SW Mody, FV TI Fast troponin I elimination in a subset of chest pain patients. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 SU S MA 688 BP A210 EP A210 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MX UT WOS:000168996400805 ER PT J AU Howanitz, PJ Steindel, SJ Heard, NV AF Howanitz, PJ Steindel, SJ Heard, NV TI Use of critical values lists in 623 institutions. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SUNY Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 SU S MA 718 BP A219 EP A220 PN 2 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MX UT WOS:000168996400835 ER PT J AU Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW Walsh, MK AF Howanitz, PJ Renner, SW Walsh, MK TI Patient wristband errors are reduced with continuous monoring: A College of American Pathologist Q-Tracks study in 214 institutions. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Los Angeles, CA USA. Coll Amer Pathologists, Northfield, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 6 SU S MA 717 BP A219 EP A219 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 437MX UT WOS:000168996400834 ER PT J AU Wang, C Swerdloff, RS Iranmanesh, A Dobs, A Snyder, PJ Cunningham, G Matsumoto, AM Weber, T Berman, N AF Wang, C Swerdloff, RS Iranmanesh, A Dobs, A Snyder, PJ Cunningham, G Matsumoto, AM Weber, T Berman, N CA Testosterone Gel Study Grp TI Effects of transdermal testosterone gel on bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in hypogonadal men SO CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL RESEARCH-CENTER; AROMATASE DEFICIENCY; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; OSTEOPOROSIS; MASS; ANDROGENS; ESTROGEN; THERAPY; CELLS; PREVENTION AB OBJECTIVE Androgen replacement has been reported to increase bone mineral density (BMD) in hypogonadal men. We studied the effects of 6 months of treatment with a new transdermal testosterone (T) gel preparation on bone turnover markers and BMD. DESIGN This was a prospective, randomized, multicentre, parallel clinical trial where 227 hypogonadal men, mean age 51 years (range: 19-68 years) were studied in 16 academic and research institutions in the USA. Subjects were randomized to apply 1% T gel containing 50 or 100 mg T (delivering approximately 5-10 mg T/day) or two T patches (delivering 5 mg T/day) transdermally for 90 days. At day 91, depending on the serum T concentration, the T gel dose was adjusted upward or downward to 75 mg T/day until day 180. No dose adjustment occurred in the T patch group. MEASUREMENTS Serum T, free T and oestradiol, bone turnover markers and BMD were measured on days 0, 30, 90 and 180 before and after treatment. RESULTS Application of T gel 100 mg/day resulted in serum T concentrations 1.4 and 1.9-fold higher than in the T gel 50 mg/day and the T patch groups, respectively, Proportional increases occurred in serum oestradiol. Urine N-telopeptide/creatinine ratio, a marker for bone resorption, decreased significantly (P = 0.0019) only in the T gel 100 mg/day group, Serum bone osteoblastic activity markers (osteocalcin, procollagen and skeletal alkaline phosphatase) increased significantly during the first 90 days of treatment without intergroup differences but declined to baseline thereafter. BMD increased significantly both in the hip (+1.1 +/- 0.3%) and spine (+2.2 +/- 0.5%) only in the T gel 100 mg/day group (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Transdermal testosterone gel application for 6 months decreased bone resorption markers and increased osteoblastic activity markers for a short period, which resulted in a small but significant increase in BMD. Ongoing long-term studies should answer whether the observed increases in BMD are sustained or continue to be dependent on the dose of testosterone administered. C1 Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Pediat, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Res & Educ Inst, Torrance, CA USA. VA Med Ctr, Salem, VA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. RP Wang, C (reprint author), Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, 1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. NR 42 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0300-0664 J9 CLIN ENDOCRINOL JI Clin. Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 54 IS 6 BP 739 EP 750 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01271.x PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 453BM UT WOS:000169896900007 PM 11422108 ER PT J AU Rogers, PL Jacob, H Rashwan, AS Pinsky, MR AF Rogers, PL Jacob, H Rashwan, AS Pinsky, MR TI Quantifying learning in medical students during a critical care medicine elective: A comparison of three evaluation instruments SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE education, medical; students, medical; critical care; teaching; educational measurement; clinical clerkships; intensive care unit; clinical competence ID STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION; PERFORMANCE; COMPETENCE; SKILLS AB Objective: To compare three different evaluative instruments and determine which is able to measure different aspects of medical student learning. Design: Student learning was evaluated by using written examinations, objective structured clinical examination, and patient simulator that used two clinical scenarios before and after a structured critical care elective, by using a crossover design. Participation: Twenty-four 4th-yr students enrolled in the critical care medicine elective. Interventions: All students took a multiple-choice written examination; evaluated a live simulated critically in patient, requested data from a nurse, and intervened as appropriate at different stations (objective structured clinical examination); and evaluated the computer-controlled patient simulator and intervened as appropriate. Measurements and Main Results: Students' knowledge was assessed by using a multiple-choice examination containing the same data incorporated into the other examinations. Student performance on the objective structured clinical examination was evaluated at five stations. Both objective structured clinical examination and simulator tests were videotaped for subsequent scores of responses, quality of responses, and response time. The videotapes were reviewed for specific behaviors by faculty masked to time of examination. Students were expected to perform the following: a) assess airway, breathing, and circulation; b) prepare a mannequin for intubation; c) provide appropriate ventilator settings; d) manage hypotension; and e) request, interpret, and provide appropriate intervention for pulmonary artery catheter data. Students were expected to perform identical behaviors during the simulator examination; however, the entire examination was performed on the whole-body computer-controlled mannequin. The primary outcome measure was the difference in examination scores before and after the rotation. The mean preelective scores were 77 +/- 16%, 47 +/- 15%, and 41 +/- 14% for the written examination, objective structured clinical examination, and simulator, respectively, compared with 89 +/- 11%, 76 +/- 12%, and 62 +/- 15% after the elective (p < .0001). Prerotation scores for the written examination were significantly higher than the objective structured clinical examination or the simulator; postrotation scores were highest for the written examination and lowest for the simulator. Conclusion: Written examinations measure acquisition of knowledge but fail to predict if students can apply knowledge to problem solving, whereas both the objective structured clinical examination and the computer-controlled patient simulator can be used as effective performance evaluation tools. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Rogers, PL (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Crit Care Serv 124U, Univ Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 14 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1268 EP 1273 DI 10.1097/00003246-200106000-00039 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 442BY UT WOS:000169266400028 PM 11395619 ER PT J AU Kampman, KM Volpicelli, JR Mulvaney, F Alterman, AI Cornish, J Gariti, P Cnaan, A Poole, S Muller, E Acosta, T Luce, D O'Brien, C AF Kampman, KM Volpicelli, JR Mulvaney, F Alterman, AI Cornish, J Gariti, P Cnaan, A Poole, S Muller, E Acosta, T Luce, D O'Brien, C TI Effectiveness of propranolol for cocaine dependence treatment may depend on cocaine withdrawal symptom severity SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cocaine withdrawal; propranolol; pharmacotherapy; double-blind; beta-blocker ID ABSTINENCE SYMPTOMATOLOGY; MEMORY STORAGE; DESIPRAMINE; ANXIETY; ABUSE; INVOLVEMENT; ACTIVATION; ATTRITION AB Propranolol may reduce symptoms of autonomic arousal associated with early cocaine abstinence and improve treatment outcome. This trial was an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of propranolol in 108 cocaine dependent subjects. The primary outcome measure was quantitative urinary benzoylecgonine levels. Secondary outcome measures included treatment retention, addiction severity index results, cocaine craving, mood and anxiety symptoms, cocaine withdrawal symptoms. and adverse events. Propranolol treated subjects had lower cocaine withdrawal symptom severity but otherwise did not differ from placebo treated subjects in any outcome measure. However, in a secondary, exploratory analysis, subjects with more severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms responded better to propranolol in comparison to placebo. In these subjects, propranolol treatment was associated with better treatment retention and lower urinary benzoylecgonine levels as compared with the placebo treatment. Propranolol may be useful only for the treatment of cocaine dependent patients with severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kampman, KM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [K20 DA00238, Y01 DA30012] NR 43 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 63 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(00)00193-9 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 428VE UT WOS:000168481700006 PM 11297832 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Li, XB Chae, JH Oliver, NC Anderson, B Kapp, B George, MS AF Nahas, Ziad Li, Xingbao Chae, Jeong-Ho Oliver, Nicholas C. Anderson, Berry Kapp, Becky George, Mark S. TI What Does ECS Stand for? Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression SO EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; mood; depression; frontal lobes; limbic AB Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) refers to a technique in which electrodeless stimulation of neurons or muscle fibers is produced by a rapid oscillation in electrical and then magnetic energy (and consequently magnetic fields of the order of 1 T). In light of the growing knowledge of the distributed neuronal networks that are involved in various neuropsychiatric phenomena, TMS has been applied as a neurophysiological probe and a tool to modulate (and possibly regulate) dysfunctional brain regions. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) TMS affects local brain activity as well as more distal paralimbic regions involved in mood regulation. There is growing consensus that TMS has acute antidepressant effects, although little is known about the role played by a variety of stimulation parameters such as the intensity or frequency of stimulation and the total dose (number of stimuli and number of sessions/time). Studies of maintenance TMS for depression are underway. More experience and research are needed for TMS to become integrated into routine clinical practice as an antidepressant. (C) 2001 Academic Press C1 [Nahas, Ziad] Med Univ S Carolina, Brain Stimulat Lab, Inst Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [George, Mark S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [George, Mark S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Li, Xingbao] Shandong Univ, Jinen, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chae, Jeong-Ho] Catholic Univ Korea, Seoul, South Korea. [George, Mark S.] Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Nahas, Z (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Brain Stimulat Lab, Inst Psychiat, 67 President St,Room 502 N, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM nahasz@musc.edu FU NARSAD; Stanley Foundation; Borderline Research Foundation; NIMH and NINDS; MUSC Health Science Foundation FX The authors are grateful for financial support from NARSAD, the Stanley Foundation, the Borderline Research Foundation, NIMH and NINDS, and the MUSC Health Science Foundation. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1525-5050 J9 EPILEPSY BEHAV JI Epilepsy Behav. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 2 IS 3 SU S BP S21 EP S29 DI 10.1006/ebeh.2001.0212 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA V21LF UT WOS:000208208400006 ER PT J AU Natsume, A Mata, M Goss, J Huang, SH Wolfe, D Oligino, T Glorioso, J Fink, DJ AF Natsume, A Mata, M Goss, J Huang, SH Wolfe, D Oligino, T Glorioso, J Fink, DJ TI Bcl-2 and GDNF delivered by HSV-Mediated Gene Transfer Act additively to protect dopaminergic neurons from 6-OHDA-induced degeneration SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE gene therapy; herpes simplex; apoptosis; 6-hydroxydopamine; Parkinson ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; RET RECEPTOR; PC12 CELLS; IN-VIVO; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE-INDUCED DEGENERATION; PROGRESSIVE DEGENERATION AB Previous studies have demonstrated that either the neurotrophin glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) or the antiapoptotic peptide Bcl-2 delivered into striatum by a viral vector protects dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in vivo from degeneration induced by the administration of the neurotoxin g-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), In this study we used recombinant, replication-incompetent, genomic herpes simplex virus-based vectors to deliver the genes coding for Bcl-2 and GDNF into rat substantia nigra (SN) 1 week prior to 6-OHDA injection into the striatum. Vector-mediated expression of either Bcl-2 or GDNF alone each resulted in a doubling in cell survival as measured by retrograde labeling with fluorogold (FG) and a 50% increase in tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH-IR) neurons in the lesioned SN compared to the unlesioned side. Gene transfer of Bcl-2 and GDNF were equivalent in this effect. Coadministration of the Bcl-2-expressing vector with the GDNF-expressing vector improved the survival of lesioned SN neurons as measured by FG labeling by 33% and by the expression of TH-IR by 15%. These results suggest that the two factors delivered together act in an additive fashion to improve DA cell survival in the face of 6-OHDA toxicity. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, GRECC, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Natsume, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Natsume, Atsushi/I-7364-2014 OI Natsume, Atsushi/0000-0002-9113-0470 NR 51 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 169 IS 2 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1006/exnr.2001.7671 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 440TF UT WOS:000169189800002 PM 11358438 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Mele, JF Richardson, A AF Pahlavani, MA Mele, JF Richardson, A TI Effect of overexpression of human Cu/Zn-SOD on activation-induced lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE transgenic mice; Cu/Zn-SOD; mitogenesis; apoptosis; free radicals ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; PREMATURE THYMIC INVOLUTION; TRANSGENIC MICE; T-CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DOWNS-SYNDROME; FREE-RADICALS; ELEVATED LEVEL; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; GROWTH-FACTOR AB The process of lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis is known to be linked to oxidative stress. In the present study, we have used a new transgenic mouse model to investigate the effect of human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) overexpression on activation-induced lymphocytes proliferation and apoptosis. Cu/Zn-SOD activity was 3.5-fold higher in the spleen of the transgenic mice overexpressing Cu/Zn-SOD (Tg-Cu/Zn-SOD) compared to the wild-type littermates. Proliferative response of lymphocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Concanavalin A (Con A), and anti-CD3 was measured by [H-3]-thymidine incorporation. Activation-induced apoptosis was determined by incubating the T cells with anti-CD3 (primary stimulus) for 72 h, followed by restimulation with Con A (secondary stimulus) for various times. Apoptosis was assessed by measuring DNA fragmentation using a spectrofluorimetric assay and monitoring the expression of the specific apoptotic markers Fas/CD95 receptor and Fas/CD95 ligand (Fas-L) using flow cytometry. There was no significant difference in proliferative response of lymphocytes to LPS, Con A, or anti-CD3 in transgenic mice overexpressing human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Tg-Cu/Zn-SOD) compared to wild-type littermates. In addition, no significant difference was observed in lymphocyte populations and subsets between Tg-Cu/Zn-SOD mice and wild-type littermates. However, splenic T cells from Tg-Cu/Zn-SOD mice exhibited a significantly (p < .05) higher level of activation-induced DNA fragmentation than T cells from wild-type littermates. The increase in DNA fragmentation was paralleled with an increase in the proportion of T cells expressing Fas and Fas-L molecules. The possible consequences of Cu/Zn-SOD overproduction on activation-induced apoptosis are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), Audie Murphy VA Hosp, GRECC, 182,7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13319, AG14088, AG00677] NR 69 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 30 IS 11 BP 1319 EP 1327 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00529-9 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 440LZ UT WOS:000169177900013 PM 11368930 ER PT J AU Schnell, TG Sontag, SJ Chejfec, G Aranha, G Metz, A O'Connell, S Seidel, UJ Sonnenberg, A AF Schnell, TG Sontag, SJ Chejfec, G Aranha, G Metz, A O'Connell, S Seidel, UJ Sonnenberg, A TI Long-term nonsurgical management of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADENOCARCINOMA; ESOPHAGECTOMY; PROTOCOL; CANCER AB (Background & Aims) under bar: Surgical resection of the esophagus is frequently recommended for Barrett's high-grade dysplasia (HGD) without cancer, (Methods) under bar: During a 20-year period, patients were diagnosed and observed through an organized surveillance program at the Hines Veterans Affairs Hospital. The program was supported by Hines VA and organized and managed by 2 endoscopists using preestablished endoscopic criteria. (Results) under bar: Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed in 1099 patients, and 36,251 esophageal mucosal specimens were reviewed. Seventy-nine of 1099 patients (7.2%) initially had HGD (34 prevalent) or subsequently developed HGD (45 incident) without evidence of cancer, Of the 75 HGD patients who remained without detectable cancer after the 1 year of intensive searching, 12 developed cancer (16%) during a mean 7.3-year surveillance period: 11 of the 12 who were compliant were considered cured with surgical or ablation therapy. Cancer did not develop in the remaining 63 HGD patients during the surveillance period. (Conclusions) under bar: HGD without cancer in Barrett's esophagus follows a relatively benign course in the majority of patients. In the patients who eventually progress to cancer during regular surveillance, surgical resection is curative. Surveillance endoscopies with biopsy is a valid and safe follow-up strategy for Barrett's patients who have HGD without cancer. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Pathol, Hines, IL 60141 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Dept Med, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Schnell, TG (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Med, Bldg 1,Room B321,151B3, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 19 TC 380 Z9 383 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUN PY 2001 VL 120 IS 7 BP 1607 EP 1619 DI 10.1053/gast.2001.25065 PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 437QA UT WOS:000169004000010 PM 11375943 ER PT J AU Hazzard, WR AF Hazzard, WR TI Demographic peristalsis - Implications of the age wave for gastroenterologists SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NATURAL DEATH; COMPRESSION; MORBIDITY AB With the advent of the twenty-first century, a new phenomenon in human history emerged, one is expected to dominate the social, economic, health, and health care agenda of the United States and the world. This so-called "age wave" represents an unprecedented demographic trend that will make the oldest cohorts, especially those older than 75, 85, and 100 years old, the fastest growing segment of the population for at least the next 50 years. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hazzard, WR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, S-182-GEC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 30 IS 2 BP 297 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70183-7 PG 16 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 447UQ UT WOS:000169591200002 PM 11432293 ER PT J AU Shunk, KA Atalar, E Lima, JAC AF Shunk, KA Atalar, E Lima, JAC TI Possibilities of transesophageal MRI for assessment of aortic disease: A review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIAC IMAGING LA English DT Article DE aorta; atherosclerosis; echocardiography; MRI ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; THORACIC AORTA; HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ISCHEMIC STROKE; PLAQUE; MARKER; COIL; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; PROSTATE AB The thoracic aortic wall is a common site of atherosclerotic plaque in humans. Tools for serial, non-invasive assessment of these plaques are of value for addressing gaps in our basic understanding of the biology of plaque rupture and its relationship to atherosclerotic disease progression as well as for monitoring response to anti-atherosclerotic interventions in therapeutic clinical trials. Common approaches to assessment of the wall of the thoracic aorta in vivo are limited. Here we discuss some of the challenges and limitations encountered by conventional techniques and review a novel approach, transesophageal MRI (TEMRI). Initial experiences in applying the TEMRI approach to assessment of aortic morphology and pathology are discussed. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Shunk, KA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Div Cardiol 111C, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Atalar, Ergin/D-3184-2012 OI Atalar, Ergin/0000-0002-6874-6103 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9899 J9 INT J CARDIAC IMAG JI Int. J. Card. Imaging PD JUN PY 2001 VL 17 IS 3 BP 179 EP 185 DI 10.1023/A:1010667617641 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 460BV UT WOS:000170286700003 PM 11587451 ER PT J AU Kawada, H Ito, T Pharr, PN Spyropoulos, DD Watson, DK Ogawa, M AF Kawada, H Ito, T Pharr, PN Spyropoulos, DD Watson, DK Ogawa, M TI Defective megakaryopoiesis and abnormal erythroid development in Fli-1 gene-targeted mice SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fli-1; megakaryocyte; hematopoiesis; c-mpl ID MURINE C-MPL; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ETS FAMILY; RECEPTOR MPL; CELL-LINES; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; PROMOTER; PROTEINS; BINDING AB Mouse embryos homozygous for a targeted disruption in the Fli-1 gene show hemorrhage into the neural tube and brain on embryonic day (E)11.0 and die shortly thereafter. Livers from the mutant embryos contain drastically reduced numbers of pronormoblasts, basophilic normoblasts, and colony-forming cells. To determine the nature of impaired hematopoiesis. we carried out cell culture studies of mutant embryonic stem (ES) cells and cells from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of E10.0 mutant embryos. There was a striking reduction in the number of megakaryocytes in cultures of mutant AGM cells compared with cultures of AGM cells from wild-type or heterozygous embryos. Furthermore, Fli-1 mutant ES cells failed to produce megakaryocyte colonies and multilineage colonies containing megakaryocytes, Consistent with the observed defect in megakaryopoiesis. we also demonstrated the down-regulation of c-mpl in the AGM of mutant embryos. The percentages of pronormoblasts and basophilic normoblasts were significantly reduced in cultures of mutant AGM embryos, which contained primarily polychromatophilic and orthochromatic normoblasts. These results provide further evidence for the role of Fli-1 in the regulation of hematopoiesis and for c-mpl as a Fli-1 target gene. Int J Hematol. 2001,73:463-468. (C) 2001 The Japanese Society of Hematology. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Lab Canc Genom, Hollings Canc Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54197] NR 34 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0925-5710 J9 INT J HEMATOL JI Int. J. Hematol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 73 IS 4 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1007/BF02994008 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 452GF UT WOS:000169849000008 PM 11503960 ER PT J AU Cherniack, EP Senzel, RS Pan, CX AF Cherniack, EP Senzel, RS Pan, CX TI Correlates of use of alternative medicine by the elderly in an urban population SO JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COMPLEMENTARY; PREVALENCE AB Objective: To investigate the prevalence and predictors of use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the elderly. Design: Cross-sectional survey examining patterns of use of complementary therapies in two urban multiethnic populations of older adults. Setting and Subjects: A convenience sample of 421 older participants were interviewed at two sites: a university geriatrics primary care practice and a veterans medical clinic, both in New York City. Subjects were excluded if they did not speak English or if they were moderately cognitively impaired. Measurement: Use of CAM within the previous year. Results: Fifty-eight percent (58%) of all subjects surveyed used some form of CAM, and close to 75% at the university practice alone. Use correlated most strongly with female gender (p < 0.0001), greater education (p = 0.0095), thyroid disease (p = 0.0190) and arthritis (p = 0.0251). There was no correlation with income, race, age, or self-perceived health status. Conclusions: CAM use is highly prevalent in older persons in this study, especially among females and those who are more highly educated. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr & Adult Dev, New York, NY USA. RP Cherniack, EP (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 8 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1075-5535 J9 J ALTERN COMPLEM MED JI J. Altern. Complement Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 7 IS 3 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1089/107555301300328160 PG 4 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 445ZN UT WOS:000169488600020 PM 11439850 ER PT J AU Andes, D AF Andes, D TI Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the des F(6) quinolone SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 47 SU 1 MA 73 BP 9 EP 10 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 444DC UT WOS:000169382900029 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Eckhardt, SG Kuhn, J Hammond, L Weiss, G Rizzo, J Aylesworth, C Hidalgo, M Patnaik, A Schwartz, G Felton, S Campbell, E Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Eckhardt, SG Kuhn, J Hammond, L Weiss, G Rizzo, J Aylesworth, C Hidalgo, M Patnaik, A Schwartz, G Felton, S Campbell, E Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of NSC 655649, a rebeccamycin analog with topoisomerase inhibitory properties SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-SURFACE AREA; ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES; DNA; ANTITUMOR; INDOLOCARBAZOLES; CLEAVAGE AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility of administering NSC 655649, a water-soluble, rebeccamycin analog with topoisomerase inhibitory properties, as a brief intravenous (IV) infusion once every 3 weeks and to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of NSC 655649, characterize its pharmacokinetic behavior, and seek preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of NSC 655649 administered over 30 to 60 minutes IV once every 3 weeks. An accelerated dose-escalation method was used to guide dose escalation. After three patients were treated at the first dose level, doses were escalated in increments that ranged up to 150% using single patient cohorts until moderate toxicity was observed, when a more conservative dose-escalation scheme was invoked. MTD was defined as the highest dose level at which the incidence of dose-limiting toxicity did not exceed 20%. MTD was determined for both minimally pretreated (MP) and heavily pretreated (HP) patients. plasma and urine were sampled to characterize the pharmacokinetic and excretory behavior of NSC 655649. Results: Forty-five patients were treated with 130 courses of NSC 655649 at doses ranging from 20 mg/m(2) to 744 mg/m(2). Myelosuppression was the principal toxicity. Severe neutropenia, which was often associated with thrombocytopenia, was unacceptably high in HP and MP patients treated at 572 mg/m(2) and 744 mg/m(2), respectively. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea were common but rarely severe. The pharmacokinetics of NSC 655649 were dose dependent and fit a three-compartment model, The clearance and terminal elimination half-lives for NSC 655649 averaged 7.57 (SD = 4.2) L/h/m(2) and 48.85 (50 = 23.65) hours, respectively. Despite a heterogeneous population of MP and HP patients, the magnitude of drug exposure correlated well with the severity of myelosuppression. Antitumor activity was observed in two HP ovarian cancer patients and one patient with a soft tissue sarcoma refractory to etoposide and doxorubicin, Conclusion: Recommended phase II doses are 500 mg/m(2) and 572 mg/m(2) IV once every 3 weeks for HP and MP patients, respectively. The absence of severe nonhematologic toxicities, the encouraging antitumor activity in HP patients, and the unique mechanism of antineoplastic activity of NSC 655649 warrant further clinical development. (C) 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, 8122 Datapoint Dr,Ste 250, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI HIDALGO, MANUEL/I-4995-2015 OI HIDALGO, MANUEL/0000-0002-3765-3318 FU NCI NIH HHS [5P30 CA54174, U01 CA69853]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR01346-19] NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2937 EP 2947 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 438BN UT WOS:000169034000022 PM 11387367 ER PT J AU Nelson, K Cunningham, W Andersen, R Harrison, G Gelberg, L AF Nelson, K Cunningham, W Andersen, R Harrison, G Gelberg, L TI Is food insufficiency associated with health status and health care utilization among adults with diabetes? SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE food insufficiency; diabetes; health status ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; MEDICAL-CARE; HUNGER; POPULATION; MALNUTRITION AB Objectives: Preliminary studies have shown that among adults with diabetes, food insufficiency has adverse health consequences, including hypoglycemic episodes and increased need for health care services. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of food insufficiency and to describe the association of food insufficiency with health status and health care utilization in a national sample of adults with diabetes. Methods: We analyzed data from adults with diabetes (n = 1,503) interviewed in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the relationship of food insufficiency to self-reported health status and health care utilization. Results: Six percent of adults with diabetes reported food insufficiency, representing more than 568,600 persons nationally (95% confidence interval, 368,400 to 768,800). Food insufficiency was more common among those with incomes below the federal poverty level (17% vs 4%, P less than or equal to .001). Adults with diabetes who were food insufficient were more likely to report fair or poor health status than those who were not (63% vs 43%; odds ratio, 2.2; P =.05). In a multivariate analysis, fair or poor health status was independently associated with poverty, nonwhite race, low educational achievement, and number of chronic diseases, but not with food insufficiency. Diabetic adults who were food insufficient reported more physician encounters, either in clinic or by phone, than those who were food secure (12 vs 7, P <.05). In a multivariate linear regression, food insufficiency remained independently associated with increased physician utilization among adults with diabetes. There was no association between food insufficiency and hospitalization in bivariate analysis. Conclusions: Food insufficiency is relatively common among low-income adults with diabetes and was associated with higher physician utilization. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Serv Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Nelson, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Wy, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 66 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 16 IS 6 BP 404 EP 411 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016006404.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 443QE UT WOS:000169351200008 PM 11422638 ER PT J AU Mangano, A Gonzalez, E Dhanda, R Catano, G Bamshad, M Bock, A Duggirala, R Williams, K Mummidi, S Clark, RA Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Bologna, R Sen, L Ahuja, SK AF Mangano, A Gonzalez, E Dhanda, R Catano, G Bamshad, M Bock, A Duggirala, R Williams, K Mummidi, S Clark, RA Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Bologna, R Sen, L Ahuja, SK TI Concordance between the CC chemokine receptor 5 genetic determinants that alter risks of transmission and disease progression in children exposed perinatally to human immunodeficiency virus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PEDIATRIC HIV-1 INFECTION; PLASMA VIRAL LOAD; CELL-SURFACE CCR5; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; TYPE-1 TRANSMISSION; AIDS PROGRESSION; DENDRITIC CELLS; NATURAL-HISTORY; CLINICAL COURSE AB If CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-dependent mechanisms at the time of initial virus exposure are important determinants of virus entry and disease outcome, then the polymorphisms in CCR5 that influence risk of transmission and disease progression should be similar; this hypothesis was tested in a cohort of 649 Argentinean children exposed perinatally to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Two lines of evidence support this hypothesis. First, CCR5 haplotype pairs associated with enhanced risk of transmission were the chief predictors of a faster disease course. Second, some of the haplotype pairs associated with altered rates of transmission and disease progression in children were similar to those that we previously found influenced outcome in European American adults. This concordance suggests that CCR5 haplotypes may serve as genetic rheostats that influence events occurring shortly after initial virus exposure, dictating not only virus entry but, by extension, also the extent of early viral replication. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Hosp Pediat JP Garrahan, Lab Biol Celular & Retrovirus, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Hosp Pediat JP Garrahan, Serv Infectol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Purdue Pharma, Stamford, CT USA. Univ Utah, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,Mail Code 7880, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-43279, AI-4632] NR 85 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 183 IS 11 BP 1574 EP 1585 DI 10.1086/320705 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 430XZ UT WOS:000168601900004 PM 11335892 ER PT J AU Read, J Pearce, J Li, XC Muirhead, H Chirgwin, J Davies, C AF Read, J Pearce, J Li, XC Muirhead, H Chirgwin, J Davies, C TI The Crystal Structure of Human Phosphoglucose Isomerase at 1.6 angstrom resolution: Implications for catalytic mechanism, cytokine activity and haemolytic anaemia SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aldose-ketose isomerases; neuroleukin; cytokine; haemolytic anaemia; X-ray crystallography ID GLUCOSE PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; AUTOCRINE MOTILITY FACTOR; HEMOLYTIC-ANEMIA; GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; PHOSPHOHEXOSE ISOMERASE; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; FACTOR NEUROLEUKIN; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) is a multifunctional protein, which, inside the cell, functions as a housekeeping enzyme of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and, outside the cell, exerts wholly unrelated cytokine properties. We have determined the structure of human PGI to a resolution of 1.6 Angstrom using X-ray crystallography. The structure is highly similar to other PGIs, especially the architecture of the active site. Fortuitous binding of a sulphate molecule from the crystallisation solution has facilitated an accurate description of the substrate phosphate-binding site. Comparison with both native and inhibitor-bound rabbit PCI structures shows that two loops move closer to the active site upon binding inhibitor. Interestingly, the human structure most closely resembles the inhibitor-bound structure, suggesting that binding of the phosphate moiety of the substrate may trigger this conformational change. We suggest a new mechanism for catalysis that uses Glu357 as the base catalyst for the isomerase reaction rather than His388 as proposed previously. The human PGI structure has also provided a detailed framework with which to map mutations associated with non-spherocytic haemolytic anaemia. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Univ Sussex, Sch Biol Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. Univ Bristol, Sch Med Sci, Bristol BS8 1TD, Avon, England. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Davies, C (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 70 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 309 IS 2 BP 447 EP 463 DI 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4680 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 442CB UT WOS:000169266700009 PM 11371164 ER PT J AU Allinquant, B Bertrand, E Brouillet, E Caille, I Bouillot, C Cole, GM Prochiantz, A AF Allinquant, B Bertrand, E Brouillet, E Caille, I Bouillot, C Cole, GM Prochiantz, A TI A short cytoplasmic domain of the amyloid precursor protein induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ecole Normale Super, CNRS, UMR 8542, F-75230 Paris 05, France. VA Greater LA, GRECC 2E, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RI Brouillet, Emmanuel/B-4784-2014 OI Brouillet, Emmanuel/0000-0001-6322-7403 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 77 SU 1 MA P0120 BP 24 EP 24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 441RL UT WOS:000169243300081 ER PT J AU Taber, KH Murphy, DD Blurton-Jones, MM Hurley, RA AF Taber, KH Murphy, DD Blurton-Jones, MM Hurley, RA TI An update on estrogen: Higher cognitive function, receptor mapping, neurotrophic effects SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; DENDRITIC SPINE DENSITY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; ESTRADIOL INCREASES; GENDER DIFFERENCES; BRAIN INJURY; WOMEN C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Herbert J Frensley Ctr Imaging Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Houston, TX USA. NINDS, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Taber, KH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Radiol, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Blurton-Jones, Mathew/0000-0002-7770-7157 NR 41 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13.3.313 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 462RP UT WOS:000170433800001 PM 11514636 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Lipton, A AF Mendez, MF Lipton, A TI Emergent neuroleptic hypersensitivity as a herald of presenile dementia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; LEWY BODIES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; FAMILIAL AGGREGATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SENSITIVITY; FTDP-17; CHROMOSOME-17; MUTATION AB Neuroleptic hypersensitivity is characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) but not Of other dementias. The authors report 5 patients with psychotic mood disorders and long-standing antipsychotic drug therapy. As they reached 50 to 60 years of age, they unexpectedly developed hypersensitivity to these medications, with rigidity, muteness, or the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Nearly coincident with this reaction, they developed progressive cognitive deficits consistent with frontotemporal dementia. These patients illustrate emergent neuroleptic hypersensitivity as an early manifestation of other dementias. The predisposition to neuroleptic hypersensitivity could result from depleted nigral dopaminergic neurons suggested by "smudging" of the substantia nigra pars compacta on magnetic resonance imaging. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Psychiat Serv, 691 116AF,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13.3.347 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 462RP UT WOS:000170433800006 PM 11514641 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Bowen, KK Rao, AM Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Bowen, KK Rao, AM Dempsey, RJ TI Up-regulation of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor expression and [H-3]PK11195 binding in gerbil hippocampus after transient forebrain ischemia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE forebrain ischemia; immunohistochemistry; mRNA; RT-PCR; mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor; PK11195 binding ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RAT-BRAIN; GLOBAL-ISCHEMIA; PK11195 BINDING; NEURONAL DEATH; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR-ALPHA; H-3 PK11195; SITES; LIGAND AB In mammalian CNS, the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PTBR) is localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane within the astrocytes and microglia. The main function of PTBR is to transport cholesterol across the mitochondrial membrane to the site of neurosteroid biosynthesis. The present study evaluated the changes in the PTBR density, gene expression and immunoreactivity in gerbil hippocampus as a function of reperfusion time after transient forebrain ischemia, Between 3 to 7 days of reperfusion, there was a significant increase in the maximal binding site density (B-max) of the PTBR antagonist [H-3]PK11195 (by 94-156%; P < 0.01) and PTBR mRNA levels (by 1.8- to 2.9-fold; P < 0.01). At 7 days of reperfusion, in the hippocampal CA1 (the brain region manifesting selective neuronal death), PTBR immunoreactivity increased significantly. Increased PTBR expression after transient forebrain ischemia may lead to increased neurosteroid biosynthesis, and thus may play a role in the ischemic pathophysiology, (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Rao, VLR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, F4-309 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28000, NS31220] NR 52 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 64 IS 5 BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1002/jnr.1101 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 438AZ UT WOS:000169032700007 PM 11391704 ER PT J AU Cornford, EM Cornford, ME Wright, EM Bruckner, DA Sampogna, S Hirayama, BA AF Cornford, EM Cornford, ME Wright, EM Bruckner, DA Sampogna, S Hirayama, BA TI Human cerebral cysticercosis: Immunolocalization of a sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter (SGLT) in larval and adult tapeworms SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; MOLECULAR MIMICRY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; HYMENOLEPIS-DIMINUTA; TRANSPORTER PROTEINS; RAT TAPEWORM; EXPRESSION; MEMBRANE; PARASITE; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS AB Light microscopic immunocytochemistry was used to examine human brain cysticerci resected from the fourth ventricles of patients who had not been treated with anthelminthic drugs. Tissues were examined from 3 different patients undergoing surgery for treatment of hydrocephalus. A rabbit polyclonal antiserum to the peptide corresponding to amino acids 564-575 unique to the rabbit sodium-dependent, SGLT1 glucose cotransporter labeled with immunoperoxidase, localized immunoreactive SGLT epitopes. This antibody localizes SGLT1 in the apical brush borders of human enterocytes, but is negative in cytoplasm, as well as lateral and basal enterocyte membranes. Taenia solium neurocysticerci were SGLT positive; transporter protein was highly expressed on the surface microvilli of the external cyst wall. The well-developed network of small and larger osmoregulatory ducts within racemose larval cystcerci displayed high expression of SGLT cotransporter, consistent with a resorptive function for this system of tubules. Because water is cotransported with glucose molecules by the SGLT protein, its high expression in neurocysticerci may contribute to the expansive growth of these larvae in subarachnoid and intraventricular sites. The SGLT epitopes were also immunolocalized in gravid proglottids of Taenia saginata, indicating that cotransporter expression persisted in intestinal-dwelling, adult tapeworms. Cotransporter antibody was abundantly localized at the proglottid tegumentary surface and in the lateral osmoregulatory ducts, analogous to the SGLT localization in cysticerci. Furthermore, high expression of this cotransporter was seen in the branches of the uterus, suggesting that SGLT-mediated absorption of glucose and water has an important functional role within the reproductive system of adult tapeworms. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Res Serv, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Serv Neurol, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Cornford, EM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM cornford@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 19567]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 2094]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 37360] NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 87 IS 3 BP 510 EP 521 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 444GP UT WOS:000169392000006 PM 11426712 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hudes, ES Tice, JA AF Simon, JA Hudes, ES Tice, JA TI Relation of serum ascorbic acid to mortality among US adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; ascorbic acid; cancer; cardiovascular disease; mortality; vitamin C ID ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT VASODILATION; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; VITAMIN-E CONSUMPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; DIABETES-MELLITUS; AORTIC RINGS; C STATUS; PLASMA AB Purpose: To examine the relation between serum ascorbic acid (SAA), a marker of dietary intake (including supplements), and cause-specific mortality. Subjects and Methods: We analyzed data from a probability sample of 8,453 Americans age greater than or equal to 30 years at baseline enrolled in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II), who were followed for mortality endpoints. We calculated relative hazard ratios as measures of disease association comparing the mortality rates in three biologically relevant SAA categories. Results: participants with normal to high SAA levels had a marginally significant 21% to 25% decreased risk of fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) (p for trend = 0.09) and a 25% to 29% decreased risk of all-cause mortality (p for trend < 0.001) compared to participants with low levels. Because we determined that gender modified the association between SAA levels and cancer death, we analyzed these associations stratified by gender. Among men, normal to high SAA levels were associated with an approximately 30% decreased risk of cancer deaths, whereas such SAA levels were associated with an approximately two-fold increased risk of cancer deaths among women. This association among women persisted even after adjustment for baseline prevalent cancer and exclusion for early cancer death or exclusion for prevalent cancer. Conclusions: Low SAA levels were marginally associated with an increased risk of fatal CVD and significantly associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality. Low SAA levels were also a risk factor for cancer death in men, bur unexpectedly were associated with a decreased risk of cancer death in women. If the association between low SAA levels and all-cause mortality is causal, increasing the consumption of ascorbic acid, and thereby SAA levels, could decrease the risk of death among Americans with low ascorbic acid intakes. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53479] NR 58 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 20 IS 3 BP 255 EP 263 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 448KH UT WOS:000169625700008 PM 11444422 ER PT J AU Rubenstein, LZ Harker, JO Salva, A Guigoz, Y Vellas, B AF Rubenstein, LZ Harker, JO Salva, A Guigoz, Y Vellas, B TI Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: Developing the Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INDEX; PROGRESS; CARE; RISK AB Background. The Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is a validated assessment instrument for nutritional problems, but its length limits its usefulness for screening. We sought to develop a screening version of this instrument, the MNA-SF, that retains good diagnostic accuracy. Methods, We reanalyzed data from France that were used to develop the original MNA and combined these with data collected in Spain and New Mexico. Of the 881 subjects with complete MNA data, 151 were from France, 400 were from Spain. and 330 were from New Mexico. Independent ratings of clinical nutritional status were available for 142 of the French subjects. Overall. 73.8% were community dwelling, and mean age was 76.4 years. Items were chosen for the MNA-SF on the basis of item correlation with the total MNA score and with clinical nutritional status, internal consistency, reliability, completeness, and ease of administration. Results. After testing multiple versions, we identified an optimal six-item MNA-SF total score ranging from 0 to 14. The cut-point score for MNA-SF was calculated using clinical nutritional status as the gold standard (n = 142) and using the total MNA score (n = 881). The MNA-SF was strongly correlated with the total MNA score (r = .945). Using an MNA-SF score of,ll as normal, sensitivity was 97.9%, specificity was 100%, and diagnostic accuracy was 98.7% for predicting undernutrition. Conclusions. The MNA-SF can identify persons with undernutrition and can be used in a two-step screening process in which persons, identified as "at risk" on the MNA-SF, would receive additional assessment to confirm the diagnosis and plan interventions. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Serv Catala Salut, Programe Vida Als Anys, Barcelona, Spain. Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne, Switzerland. Hop Toulouse, Serv Med Interne & Gerontol Clin, Toulouse, France. RP Rubenstein, LZ (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlthcare Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, 1611 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 17 TC 336 Z9 358 U1 10 U2 26 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 56 IS 6 BP M366 EP M372 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 439NV UT WOS:000169124200016 PM 11382797 ER PT J AU Gibson, KD Caps, MT Kohler, TR Hatsukami, TS Gillen, DL Aldassy, M Sherrard, DJ Stehman-Breen, CO AF Gibson, KD Caps, MT Kohler, TR Hatsukami, TS Gillen, DL Aldassy, M Sherrard, DJ Stehman-Breen, CO TI Assessment of a policy to reduce placement of prosthetic hemodialysis access SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE vascular access; access patency; dialysis access; autogenous condiuts; graft patency; fistulas ID TRANSPOSED BASILIC VEIN; BRACHIAL ARTERIOVENOUS-FISTULA; VASCULAR ACCESS; UNITED-STATES; DIALYSIS; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; COMPLICATIONS; ANGIOACCESS; EXPERIENCE; MATURATION AB Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the determinants of access patency and revision, including the effects of reducing the placement of prosthetic hemodialysis access. Methods. A retrospective cohort study of all hemodialysis accesses placed at the Veteran's Administration Puget Sound Health Care System between 1992 and 1999 was conducted. A policy was instituted in 1996 that maximized the use of autogenous hemodialysis access. The impacts of the policy change, demographics, and comorbid factors on access type and patency, were examined. Primary and secondary patency rates were examined using the Kaplan-Meier method, and factors associated with failure and revision were examined using Cox proportional hazard models and Poisson regression. Results. During the study, 104 accesses (61 prosthetic grafts and 43 autogenous fistulas) were placed prior to 1996, and 118 (31 prosthetic grafts and 87 autogenous fistulas) were placed after 1996. There was a significant increase in autogenous fistulas placed after 1996 (87 out of 118) compared with before 1996 (43 out of 104, P < 0.001). At one year, autogenous fistulas demonstrated superior primary patency (56 vs. 36%, P = 0.001) and secondary patency (72 vs. 58%, P = 0.003) compared with prosthetic grafts. After adjustment for age, race, side of access placement, and history of prior access placement, patients with a prosthetic graft were estimated to experience a 78% increase in the risk of primary access failure when compared with similar patients having an autogenous access [adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.78, 95% CI 1.21-2.62, P = 0.003)]. Similarly, the adjusted relative risk of secondary access failure for comparing prosthetic grafts with autogenous fistulas was estimated to be 2.21 (95% CI 1.38-3.54, P = 0.001). The adjusted risk of access revision was 2.89-fold higher for prosthetic grafts than for autogenous fistulas (95% CI 1.88-4.44, P < 0.001). Conclusions. Autogenous conduits demonstrated superior performance when compared with prosthetic grafts in terms of primary and secondary patency and number of revisions. A policy emphasizing the preferential placement of autogenous fistulas over prosthetic grafts may result in improved patency and a reduction in the number of procedures required to maintain dialysis access patency. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Vasc Surg, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Kaiser Permanente, Dept Vasc Surg, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Gibson, KD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Box 356410,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK07721-6] NR 36 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 59 IS 6 BP 2335 EP 2345 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590062335.x PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 431ER UT WOS:000168619300036 PM 11380838 ER PT J AU Alessandri, G Girelli, M Taccagni, G Colombo, A Nicosia, R Caruso, A Baronio, M Pagano, S Cova, L Parati, E AF Alessandri, G Girelli, M Taccagni, G Colombo, A Nicosia, R Caruso, A Baronio, M Pagano, S Cova, L Parati, E TI Human vasculogenesis ex vivo: Embryonal aorta as a tool for isolation of endothelial cell progenitors SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID STEM-CELLS; IN-VITRO; ANGIOGENESIS INVITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; CULTURE; ASSAY AB Vasculogenesis, the de novo formation of new blood vessels from undifferentiated precursor cells or angioblasts, has been studied with experimental in vivo and ex vivo animal models, but its mechanism is poorly understood, particularly in humans. We used the aortic ring assay to investigate the angioforming capacity of aortic explants from 11- to 12-week-old human embryos. After being embedded in collagen gels, the aorta rings produced branching capillary-like structures formed by mesenchymal spindle cells that lined a capillary-like lumen and expressed markers of endothelial differentiation (CD31, CD34, von Willebrand factor [VWF], and fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 [Flk-1]/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [VEGFR2]). The cell linings of these structures showed ultrastructural evidence of endothelial differentiation. The neovascular proliferation occurred primarily in the outer aspects of aortic rings, thus suggesting that the new vessels mainly arose from immature endothelial precursor cells localized in the outer layer of the aortic stroma, ie, a process of vasculogenesis rather than angiogenesis. The undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (CD34+/CD31-), isolated and cultured on collagen-fibronectin, differentiated into endothelial cells expressing GD31 and VWF. Furthermore, the CD34+/CD31+ cells were capable of forming a network of capillary-like structures when cultured on Matrigel. This is the first reported study showing the ex vivo formation of human microvessels by vasculogenesis. Our findings indicate that the human embryonic aorta is a rich source of CD34+/CD31- endothelial progenitor cells (angioblasts), and this information may prove valuable in studies of vascular regeneration and tissue bioengineering. C1 Ist Nazl Neurol C Besta, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Univ Brescia, Microbiol Lab, Brescia, Italy. Civic Hosp, Ctr Scompenso Cardiaco, Brescia, Italy. San Raffaele Hosp & Sci Inst, Dept Pathol, Milan, Italy. Inst Obstet & Gynaecol L Mangiagalli, Milan, Italy. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Pathol & Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Parati, E (reprint author), Ist Nazl Neurol C Besta, Via Celoria 11, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RI Parati, Eugenio/G-8765-2011; Cova, Lidia/K-6459-2016 OI Cova, Lidia/0000-0002-1504-1556 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL52585] NR 24 TC 55 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 81 IS 6 BP 875 EP 885 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 443JM UT WOS:000169338100009 PM 11406648 ER PT J AU Wang, MB Yip, HT Srivatsan, ES AF Wang, MB Yip, HT Srivatsan, ES TI Antisense cyclin D1 enhances sensitivity of head and neck cancer cells to cisplatin SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE antisense cyclin D1; cisplatin; head and neck cancer ID CHROMOSOME 11Q13 AMPLIFICATION; POOR-PROGNOSIS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; CROSS-LINKS; IN-VITRO; CARCINOMA; INHIBITION; RAS; EXPRESSION; GROWTH AB Objectives: Cyclin D1 is a cell cycle regulatory factor that modulates a critical step in cell cycle control. Cyclin DI is overexpressed in a significant proportion of head and neck cancers and correlates with a poor prognosis, Abrogation of cyclin D1 action through antisense cyclin DI shows promise as an antitumor therapy, with an inhibitory effect in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo, The suppressive effect of antisense cyclin DI in head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice is incomplete, however, suggesting that combination with another antitumor agent is necessary for complete tumor eradication. Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent in head and neck cancer, and is particularly effective in combination with radiation therapy, In this study, we investigate whether antisense cyclin D1 enhances the sensitivity of head and neck cancer cells to cisplatin, Such an enhancement of sensitivity mould suggest that combination therapy using antisense cyclin D1 and cisplatin would be an effective treatment modality far head and neck. cancer. Study Design: Antisense cyclin DI was transfected into the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line CCL23 using a plasmid vector, Both the parental CCL23 cells and the antisense cyclin D1-transfected C(CCL23 cells (CCL23AS) were treated with cisplatin at increasing concentrations, The dosage of cisplatin ranged from 1 mug/mL to 10 mug/mL. Initial exposure to cisplatin was for 2 hours, with increasing exposure times in succeeding experiments, Cell viability assays were done following cisplatin exposure. Dose response curves for the two cell lines were plotted and compared. Western blot analyses were done on the cisplatin-treated cell lines to determine levels of cyclin DI expression. Results: Increasing concentrations of cisplatin resulted in significantly higher rates of cell killing in the antisense cyclin D1-transfected cells than in the parental cells. The ID50 values for the parental CCL23 cells and the antisense cyclin D1-transfected CCL23 cells were 7 mug/mL and 3 mug/mL, respectively, indicating significant enhancement of sensitivity to cisplatin in the antisense cyclin D1-transfected cells, Western blot analyses demonstrated decreased expression of cyclin D1 in the CCL23AS cells with increasing doses of cisplatin, compared with the parental CCL23 cells. Conclusions: Antisense cyclin D1-transfected CCL23 cells demonstrate an enhanced sensitivity to the effects of cisplatin compared with the parental cell Line. Although the mechanism for this phenomenon is not completely understood, the data suggests the potential use of combination therapy using antisense cyclin D1 and cisplatin for head and neck cancers. While neither agent alone can completely eradicate head and neck cancers, the synergistic effect of the two may be an effective therapeutic protocol for refractory head and neck cancers. Future investigation into the combination of antisense cyclin D1 with cisplatin for treatment of head and neck cancer is needed. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Wang, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med, CHS 62-132,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 2001 VL 111 IS 6 BP 982 EP 988 DI 10.1097/00005537-200106000-00010 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 439GR UT WOS:000169102900009 PM 11404608 ER PT J AU Harada, ND Chiu, V King, AC Stewart, AL AF Harada, ND Chiu, V King, AC Stewart, AL TI An evaluation of three self-report physical activity instruments for older adults SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE measurement; aging; exercise ID HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; ACTIVITY SCALE; ELDERLY PASE; ZUTPHEN; FATNESS; QUALITY; INDEX AB Purpose: To assess the known-groups and construct validity of measures from the CHAMPS Physical Activity Questionnaire, Physical Activity Survey for the Elderly BASE), and the Yale. Physical Activity Survey (YPAS). Methods: The three questionnaires were administered to a convenience sample of older adults (N = 87) recruited from community centers and retirement homes. Validation measures included the SF-36 measures of physical Functioning general health, mental health, and pain; body mass index; performance-based tests of lower body functioning and endurance; and Mini-Logger activity monitor data from ankle and waist sensors. Validity was estimated by testing hypotheses about associations between physical activity and validation measures. Results: As hypothesized, differences in activity levels on all measures were found between older adults in retirement homes (less active) and community centers (more active) (P-values < 0.0001). Correlations of physical activity measures with performance-based measures ranged from 0.44 to 0.68, conforming to hypotheses; hypotheses regarding associations with the SF-36 measures were also confirmed. Body mass index was not correlated with any of the physical activity measures, contrary to hypotheses. Correlations of physical activity measures with Mini-Logger counts ranged from 0.36 to 0.59 (ankle) and 0.42 to 0.61 (waist) as hypothesized. Correlations among the measures from the three instruments ranged from 0.58 to 0.68. Conclusions: The PASE, YPAS, and CHAMPS each demonstrated acceptable validity, as all measures met nearly all hypotheses. Higher validity coefficients were found for subgroups (men, 65-74 yr, retirement home), suggesting that these instruments may perform better for certain segments of the older adult population. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC 11G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, UCLA VA RAND MEDTEP Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford Ctr Res Dis Prevent, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth & Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Harada, ND (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, GRECC 11G, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG09931] NR 29 TC 261 Z9 268 U1 4 U2 28 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 33 IS 6 BP 962 EP 970 DI 10.1097/00005768-200106000-00016 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 439UL UT WOS:000169135900016 PM 11404662 ER PT J AU Tatlidil, R Mandelkern, M AF Tatlidil, R Mandelkern, M TI FDG-PET in the detection of gastrointestinal metastases in melanoma SO MELANOMA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FDG; melanoma; PET ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; TRACT; MANAGEMENT AB We report six cases of malignant melanoma metastatic to the small bowel in which the information obtained from fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) contributed significantly to the management of the patients. In each of these cases the conventional diagnostic work-up missed findings that were important for treatment planning. We conclude that FDG-PET is a valuable modality in melanoma patients with suspected gastrointestinal involvement. It is also a sensitive technique for the diagnosis of other intra-abdominal as well as extra-abdominal metastases. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Tatlidil, R (reprint author), 1362 Sokak 14-A, TR-35230 Izmir, Turkey. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0960-8931 J9 MELANOMA RES JI Melanoma Res. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 11 IS 3 BP 297 EP 301 DI 10.1097/00008390-200106000-00012 PG 5 WC Oncology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 445ZX UT WOS:000169489400012 PM 11468519 ER PT J AU Belyamani, M Gangolli, EA Idzerda, RL AF Belyamani, M Gangolli, EA Idzerda, RL TI Reproductive function in protein kinase inhibitor-deficient mice SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID A MUTANT MICE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; GENE-EXPRESSION; BETA-ISOFORMS; MOUSE SPERM; RAT TESTIS; ALPHA; MOTILITY; MONOPHOSPHATE; CAPACITATION AB The protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) family includes three genes encoding small, heat-stable inhibitors of the cyclic AMP-dependent kinase PKA. Each PKI isoform contains a PKA inhibitory domain and a nuclear export domain, enabling PKI to both inhibit PKA and remove it from the nucleus. The PKI beta isoform, also known as testis PKI, is highly expressed in germ cells of the testis and is found at more modest levels in other tissues. In order to investigate its physiological role, we have generated PKI beta knockout mice by gene targeting. These mice exhibit a partial loss of PKI activity in testis but remain fertile with normal testis development and function. PKI beta knockout females also reproduce normally. The PKI beta mutants were crossed,vith our previously derived PKI alpha mutants to obtain double-knockout mice. Remarkably, these mice are also viable and fertile with no obvious physiological defects in either males or females. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Idzerda, RL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Box 357138, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD 33057]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK07247, T32 DK007247] NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 21 IS 12 BP 3959 EP 3963 DI 10.1128/MCB.21.12.3959-3963.2001 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 436XY UT WOS:000168962200010 PM 11359903 ER PT J AU Weeks, DL Sachs, G AF Weeks, DL Sachs, G TI Sites of pH regulation of the urea channel of Helicobacter pylori SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-SALIVARIUS; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; ACID RESISTANCE; PROTEIN; WATER; TRANSPORTERS; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; GLYCEROL; OOCYTES AB Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and Streptococcus salivarius (Ss) require intrabacterial urease for acid resistance and express a urea channel, UreI. The presence of UreI was shown to increase urea permeability approximate to 300-fold over that of a non-polar ureI deletion mutant. Expression of SsUreI in Xenopus oocytes increased urea uptake pH independently, whereas HpUreI shows an acidic pH dependence, half-maximal at pH 6.0. Mutagenesis of all histidines, aspartates, glutamates and the lysine in the periplasmic domain of HpUreI showed that His-123, His-131, Asp-129, Asp-140, Glu-138 and Lys-132 in the second periplasmic loop (PL2) and His-193 in the C-terminus (Ct) were important for activation of transport. With the exception of a lysine that was shown to substitute for His-193 in HpUreI, these charged amino acids are absent in SsUreI. A chimera in which PL1 of HpUreI was replaced by PL1 of SsUreI retained activity at acidic pH and gained partial activity at neutral pH. Exchange of PL2 inactivated transport, whereas exchange of Ct had no effect. Chimeras, in which either PL1 or PL2 of HpUreI replaced those of SsUreI, retained wild-type transport, but replacement of the Ct or both loops inactivated transport. PL1 appears to be important for restricting transport through HpUreI at neutral pH, whereas protonation of three histidines in PL2 and Ct and the presence of three dicarboxylic amino acids in PL2 appears to be necessary to activate HpUreI at acidic pH. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Bldg 113,Room 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46917, DK17294, DK53462, DK41301] NR 30 TC 44 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1249 EP 1259 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02466.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 447NY UT WOS:000169580400002 PM 11442825 ER PT J AU Gschossmann, JM Coutinho, SV Miller, JC Huebel, K Naliboff, B Wong, HC Walsh, JH Mayer, EA AF Gschossmann, JM Coutinho, SV Miller, JC Huebel, K Naliboff, B Wong, HC Walsh, JH Mayer, EA TI Involvement of spinal calcitonin gene-related peptide in the development of acute visceral hyperalgesia in the rat SO NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY LA English DT Article DE CGRP; colorectal distension; h-CGRP8-37; visceral hyperalgesia ID GUINEA-PIG HEART; SUBSTANCE-P; CENTRAL SENSITIZATION; COLORECTAL DISTENSION; EXPERIMENTAL COLITIS; URINARY-BLADDER; SENSORY NEURONS; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; FLEXOR REFLEX; DORSAL HORN AB This study aimed to characterize the role of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the development of mechanically induced visceral hyperalgesia. Tonic colorectal distension (CRD) was performed in fasted, conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats. The visceromotor reflex associated with noxious CRD was determined as the number of contractions during each of two consecutive tonic distensions (10 min at 60 mmHg), which were separated by a series of phasic distensions (repeated 15-s distensions to 80 mmHg at 30-s intervals). The effect of the CGRP receptor antagonist h-CGRP(8-37) given intrathecally (i.t.) (0.03-3 nmol rat(-1)) or intravenously (i.v.) (20 mug kg(-1) bodyweight [bw]) on the visceromotor response was evaluated. The dose for i.v. administration was chosen based on previous results from similar studies. In addition, the effect of a CGRP monoclonal antibody (6 mg kg(-1) bw) given intravenously was evaluated. Compared to the baseline response, a significant increase in the number of abdominal contractions was observed during the second tonic distension. The i.t. application of h-CGRP(8-37) dose-dependently reduced the numbers of abdominal contractions both during the first and the second tonic distension period, with a maximum effect observed at a peptide concentration of 3 nmol. Intravenous administration of h-CGRP(8-37) or of the CGRP antiserum produced a small reduction of the visceromotor response induced by the second tonic distension and had no effect on colonic compliance. The development of mechanically induced colorectal hyperalgesia by repeated tonic distension involves the spinal release of CGRP, while peripheral release of CGRP plays only a minor role. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr,Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Anim Models Core, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Adm Wadsworth Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Bldg 115,Room 223,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-40919, DK-41301] NR 53 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-1925 J9 NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL JI Neurogastroenterol. Motil. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2982.2001.00262.x PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 456VG UT WOS:000170102500007 PM 11437985 ER PT J AU Burggren, A Small, G Sabb, F Bookheimer, SY AF Burggren, A Small, G Sabb, F Bookheimer, SY TI An attentional task in subjects at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Interdepartmental Neurosci PhD Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD JUN PY 2001 VL 13 IS 6 SU S BP S643 EP S643 PN 2 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 439HQ UT WOS:000169106300644 ER PT J AU Tan, EK Nagamitsu, S Matsuura, T Khajavi, M Jankovic, J Ondo, W Ashizawa, T AF Tan, EK Nagamitsu, S Matsuura, T Khajavi, M Jankovic, J Ondo, W Ashizawa, T TI Alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism and Parkinson's disease SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE alcohol dehydrogenase; non-amyloid component of plaque; gene; polymorphism; Parkinson's disease; Huntington's disease ID ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; CANDIDATE GENES; METAANALYSIS; TREMOR; ASSOCIATION; MUTATION AB a particular alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) polymorphism (allele A1) in the promoter region of the gene has been recently demonstrated to be associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). In a case control study, we examine frequencies of ADH A1 allele in 100 PD patients (i.e. 200 alleles), 100 diseased controls (i.e. 200 alleles), and 194 healthy controls (i.e. 388 alleles). In addition, we study possible association of a combined non-amyloid component of plaque (NACP-Rep 1) allele and ADH A1 allele with risk of PD. There was no statistical significance of the frequencies of BDH A1 allele between PD patients 12/200 (6%), diseased controls 13/200 (6.5%), and healthy controls 20/388 (5.2%). No strong evidence of an association was found between ADH A1 allele and PD susceptibility in our study patients, There was also no suggestion of linkage disequilibrium between NACP-Rep 1 and ADH A1 alleles. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ashizawa, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, VA Med Ctr, 6550 Fannin,Smith 1801, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2001 VL 305 IS 1 BP 70 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(01)01770-0 PG 3 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 439LH UT WOS:000169118000018 PM 11356310 ER PT J AU Redding, SW Bailey, CW Lopez-Ribot, JL Kirkpatrick, WR Fothergill, AW Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF AF Redding, SW Bailey, CW Lopez-Ribot, JL Kirkpatrick, WR Fothergill, AW Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF TI Candida dubliniensis in radiation-induced oropharyngeal candidiasis SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 78th General Session of the International-Association-for-Dental-Research CY MAR-APR -, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Int Assoc Dent Res ID ELECTROPHORETIC KARYOTYPE; ORAL CANDIDIASIS; ALBICANS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLUCONAZOLE; AIDS; COLONIZATION AB Candida dubliniensis is a recently described species that has been shown to cause oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with HIV. We present a detailed evaluation of a patient undergoing head and neck radiation for oral cancer who developed oropharyngeal candidiasis from a mixed infection of C dubliniensis and Candida albicans. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of C dubliniensis contributing to oropharyngeal candidiasis in this patient population. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Gen Dent, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Redding, SW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Dept Gen Dent, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Lopez-Ribot, Jose/D-2048-2010 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01DE11381] NR 12 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 91 IS 6 BP 659 EP 662 DI 10.1067/moe.2001.112946 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 445LB UT WOS:000169458000010 PM 11402278 ER PT J AU Wang, SJ Mintz, LE Natarajan, V Lee, NJ Srivatsan, ES Wang, MB AF Wang, SJ Mintz, LE Natarajan, V Lee, NJ Srivatsan, ES Wang, MB TI Third Place-Resident Research Competition, AAO-2000 - Antisense cyclin D1 inhibits growth of head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 24-29, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; CHROMOSOME 11Q13 AMPLIFICATION; HUMAN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; POOR-PROGNOSIS; GENE; PHOSPHORYLATION; TUMORIGENICITY; PROLIFERATION; ASSOCIATION; EXPRESSION AB PROBLEM: Cyclin DI is a regulatory factor essential in the progression of the cell cycle from G1 through S phase. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin DI have been observed in many human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We have previously transfected a HNSCC control cell line (CCL23) with an antisense cyclin DI plasmid and demonstrated inhibition of cell proliferation in vitro. In this study, we examine whether antisense cyclin DT could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. METHODS/MEASURES: The CCL23 and its antisense cyclin D1 transfected clone (CCL23 AS) were injected into the flanks of nude mice. Tumor growth was monitored weekly, After 5 weeks, tumors were removed and studied for tumor size, cyclin D1 expression, cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity, and retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. RESULTS: Compared with the control tumors, 11 of 19 antisense tumors were smaller, 7 tumors were of equal size, and I tumor was larger. Immunohistochemical analysis with an anti-cyclin D1 antibody demonstrated decreased cyclin D1 expression in CCL23 AS and the smaller antisense tumors. Cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity was reduced in CCL23 AS and the smaller anti-sense tumors, and this was accompanied by a relative decrease in phosphorylated Rb in these samples. CONCLUSION: Antisense cyclin D1 inhibits growth of HNSCC tumors. Cyclin D1 expression, cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity, and Rb phosphorylation: are decreased in these tumors. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These findings lend support for the potential use of antisense cyclin D1 as gene therapy for HNSCC. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wang, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med, CHS 62-132,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 124 IS 6 BP 656 EP 662 DI 10.1067/mhn.2001.116039 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 442CX UT WOS:000169268600010 PM 11391257 ER PT J AU Casarett, DJ Karlawish, J AF Casarett, DJ Karlawish, J TI Beyond informed consent: The ethical design of pain research SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pain; ethics; research ethics; informed consent ID CONTROLLED-RELEASE OXYCODONE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CANCER-PATIENTS; CLINICAL RESEARCH; ORAL MORPHINE; DOUBLE-BLIND; TRANSDERMAL FENTANYL; SATISFACTION; TRIALS; MANAGEMENT AB In the wake of the rapid development of medical research over the past 50 years, investigators, clinicians, and ethicists have raised numerous concerns about the ethical conduct of research. Perhaps the single most important protective mechanism to emerge from the fray has been flue requirement of informed consent. Certainly it has the longest history. however, even th ugh informed consent has become the most widely recognized mechanism of protecting human subjects in research, there are limits to what the informed consent process can accomplish. Another, anti more tar-reaching, way to protect human subjects involved in research is to ensure that the study design is as consistent as possible with patients' preferences and goals. That is, pain investigators have a significant opportunity to improve the ethical rigor of their work by designing a study that offers a subject what is a reasonable balance of risks and benefits. This article suggests some specific: ways in which investigators may design research that is more consistent with patient preferences. We describe several aspects of the ethical design of clinical pain research that appear to be important to patients, including the potential benefits for subjects, the benefits for future patients, the risks anti burdens of research participation, and the voluntariness of a subject's choice whether to enroll. We conclude fy discussing ways in which the ethical design of research might make the informed consent process more robust. C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Aging, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Casarett, DJ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 61 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 2 IS 2 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1046/j.1526-4637.2001.002002138.x PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 458YQ UT WOS:000170223400010 PM 15102303 ER PT J AU Germano, PM Stalter, J Le, SV Wu, M Yamaguchi, DJ Scott, D Pisegna, JR AF Germano, PM Stalter, J Le, SV Wu, M Yamaguchi, DJ Scott, D Pisegna, JR TI Characterization of the pharmacology, signal transduction and internalization of the fluorescent PACAP ligand, fluor-PACAP, on NIH/3T3 cells expressing PAC1 SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE PACAP; confocal microscopy; fluo-PACAP; PAC1; NIH; 3T3 cells; pharmacology ID CYCLASE-ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; I RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; PITUITARY; PEPTIDE; LOCALIZATION; CLONING; TISSUE AB Fluor-PACAP, a fluorescent derivative of PACAP-27, has been confirmed to share a high affinity for PACl receptors transfected into NIH/3T3 cells and to have comparable pharmacological characteristics to the unconjugated, native form. Through competitive binding with I-125-PACAP-27, the two ligands exhibited similar dose- dependent inhibition. Additional examination of the efficacy of activating adenylyl cyclase revealed that both ligands analogously stimulated the production of cyclic AMP. Furthermore, PACl internalization visualized by our Fluor-PACAP, is compareable to that performed with the radioligand, I-125-PACAP-27, with maximal internalization achieved within thirty minutes. Thus, Fluor-PACAP exhibits intracellular signaling abilities homologous to the native ligand. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, CURE VA UCLA Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Pisegna, JR (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, CURE VA UCLA Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD JUN PY 2001 VL 22 IS 6 BP 861 EP 866 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(01)00410-7 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 440NT UT WOS:000169181800002 PM 11390014 ER PT J AU Orsi, A Sherman, O Woldeselassie, Z AF Orsi, A Sherman, O Woldeselassie, Z TI Simvastatin-associated memory loss SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; PRAVASTATIN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LOVASTATIN AB The statins are widely used to treat dyslipidemias. They are generally associated with mild adverse effects, but rarely, more serious reactions may occur. A 51-year-old man experienced delayed-onset, progressive memory loss while receiving simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia. His therapy was switched to pravastatin, and memory loss resolved gradually over the next month, with no recurrence of the adverse effect. C1 Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pharm Program, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Primary Care Patient Care Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. RP Sherman, O (reprint author), Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pharm Program, 119,130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 14 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER, 806, 750 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD JUN PY 2001 VL 21 IS 6 BP 767 EP 769 DI 10.1592/phco.21.7.767.34577 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 470AX UT WOS:000170849200013 PM 11401190 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Bovasso, GB Cacciola, JS McDermott, PA AF Alterman, AI Bovasso, GB Cacciola, JS McDermott, PA TI A comparison of the predictive validity of four sets of baseline ASI summary indices SO PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; RELIABILITY AB This study compared the long-term predictive validity of original and new baseline Addiction Severity Index summary scores in methadone patients. The indices included the original Interviewer Severity Ratings (ISRs) and the new Clinical Indices (CIs), which use both lifetime and recent problem information, and the original Composite Scores (CSs) and Evaluation Indices (EIs), based on recent problems only. Outcomes were medical hospitalization, employment, alcohol intoxication, drug hospitalization, and psychiatric hospitalization in Months 7-24 poststudy entry and criminal charges in Months 0-24. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used in which 1 index was entered first and the other in the 2nd step. The reverse order of entry was used in a 2nd analysis. A final analysis set compared the best predictor from each of the 2 prior analysis sets, The Cls were superior to the other indices in predicting 3 of 6 outcomes (psychiatric hospitalization, drug hospitalization, and criminal char.-es); the EI was the best predictor of alcohol intoxication, and the CS the best predictor of unemployment. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Grad Sch Educ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Alterman, AI (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 9 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0893-164X J9 PSYCHOL ADDICT BEHAV JI Psychol. Addict. Behav. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 15 IS 2 BP 159 EP 162 DI 10.1037/0893-164X.15.2.159 PG 4 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 472DD UT WOS:000170967300011 PM 11419233 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI Re-evaluating current antibiotic therapy SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bacteriological eradication; nasopharyngeal carriage; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; pneumococcal resistance; susceptibility breakpoints ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE; PNEUMOCOCCAL RESISTANCE; CLINICAL EFFICACY; WORKING GROUP; RISK-FACTORS; PHARMACODYNAMICS; MANAGEMENT; CARRIAGE AB Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters derived from animal and clinical models of infection are used to predict bacteriological efficacy. Growing evidence from the clinical setting supports the validity of these parameters in guiding antimicrobial therapy. For example, in otitis media and sinusitis, high bacteriological cure rates are obtained when serum concentrations of beta -lactams and macrolides exceed the MIC of the infecting pathogen for at least 40% of the dosing interval. Likewise, the 24-hour AUC/MIC ratio is a good predictor of both bacteriological and clinical efficacy for azithromycin in otitis media and fluoroquinolones in bacterial pneumonia. The value of PK/PD relationships has been recognized by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) as another important factor to consider when establishing susceptibility breakpoints. Recent changes to NCCLS breakpoints for oral beta -lactams for Streptococcus pneumoniae reflect this. Also, PK/PD parameters may play a role in predicting the impact of an antibiotic on the development and spread of resistant organisms. In an era of increasing resistance, we should select agents and doses that provide drug concentrations that exceed the magnitude of the PK/PD parameter required both for efficacy and to combat the emergence and spread of bacterial resistance. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), D-2221,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0954-6111 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 95 SU A BP S14 EP S21 DI 10.1053/rmed.2001.1088 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 441RK UT WOS:000169243200004 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI Bacterial respiratory infections: closing in on antibiotic effectiveness... and ineffectiveness - Introduction SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE antibiotic consumption; antibiotic resistance; community-acquired respiratory tract infections; prevalence ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; SUSCEPTIBILITY C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), D-2221,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0954-6111 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD JUN PY 2001 VL 95 SU A BP S4 EP S6 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 441RK UT WOS:000169243200002 ER PT J AU Cardenas, VA Ezekiel, F Di Sclafani, V Gomberg, B Fein, G AF Cardenas, VA Ezekiel, F Di Sclafani, V Gomberg, B Fein, G TI Reliability of tissue volumes and their spatial distribution for segmented magnetic resonance images SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE K-means clustering; magnetic resonance image; brain; image processing; tissue classification ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; GRAY-MATTER; AUTOMATED ALGORITHM; MR-IMAGES; BRAIN; VALIDATION; CLASSIFICATION; REGISTRATION AB Before using MRI tissue segmentation in clinical studies as a dependent variable or as a means to correct functional data for differential tissue contribution, we must first establish the volume reliability and spatial distribution reproducibility of the segmentation method. Although several reports of volume reliability can be found in the literature, there are no articles assessing the reproducibility of the spatial distribution of tissue. In this report, we examine the validity, volume reliability, and spatial distribution reproducibility for our K-means cluster segmentation. Validation was examined by classifying gray matter, white matter, and CST: on images constructed using an MRI simulator and digital brain phantom, with percentage volume differences of less than 5% and spatial distribution overlaps greater than 0.94 (1.0 is perfect). We also segmented repeat scan MRIs from 10 healthy subjects, with intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.92 for cortical gray matter, white matter, sulcal CSF, and ventricular CSF. The original scans were also coregistered to the repeat scan of the same subject, and the spatial overlap for each tissue was then computed. Our overlaps ranged from 0.75 to 0.86 fur these tissues. Our results support the use of K-means cluster segmentation, and the use of segmented structural MRIs to guide the analysis of functional and other images. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Bioengn, Philadelphia, PA 19004 USA. Neurobehav Res Inc, Corte Madera, CA 94925 USA. RP Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. EM valerie@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12435]; NIAAA NIH HHS [P01AA11493]; NIDA NIH HHS [R01DA08365] NR 25 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 EI 1872-7506 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD MAY 30 PY 2001 VL 106 IS 3 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1016/S0925-4927(01)00075-0 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 442PA UT WOS:000169293100005 PM 11382541 ER PT J AU Farley, RA Elquza, E Muller-Ehmsen, J Kane, DJ Nagy, AK Kasho, VN Faller, LD AF Farley, RA Elquza, E Muller-Ehmsen, J Kane, DJ Nagy, AK Kasho, VN Faller, LD TI (18)O-exchange evidence that mutations of arginine in a signature sequence for P-type pumps affect inorganic phosphate binding SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCEIN 5'-ISOTHIOCYANATE MODIFICATION; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE ATPASE; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; AMINO-ACIDS; ADENOSINE-TRIPHOSPHATASE; FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES; STEREOCHEMICAL COURSE; ENERGY TRANSDUCTION; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION AB We have proposed a model for part of the catalytic site of P-type pumps in which arginine in a signature sequence functions like lysine in P-loop-containing enzymes that catalyze adenosine 5'-triphosphate hydrolysis [Smirnova, I. N., Kasho, V. N., and Faller, L. D. (1998) FEES Lett. 431, 309-314]. The model originated with evidence from site-directed mutagenesis that aspartic acid in the DPPR sequence of Na,K-ATPase binds Mg(2+) [Farley, R. A., et al. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 941-951]. It was developed by assuming that the catalytic domain of P-type pumps evolved from enzymes that catalyze phosphoryl group transfer. The functions of the positively charged amino group in P-loops are to bind substrate and to facilitate nucleophilic attack upon phosphorus by polarizing the gamma -phosphorus-oxygen bond. To test the prediction that the positively charged guanidinium group of R596 in human alpha (1) Na,K-ATPase participates in phosphoryl group transfer, the charge was progressively decreased by site-directed mutagenesis. Mutants R596K, -Q, -T, -M, -A, -G, and -E were expressed in yeast membranes, and their ability to catalyze phosphorylation with inorganic phosphate was evaluated by following (18)O exchange. R596K, in which the positive charge is retained, resembled the wild type. Substitution of a negative charge (R596E) resulted in complete loss of activity. The remaining mutants with uncharged side chains had both lowered affinity for inorganic phosphate and altered phosphate isotopomer distributions, consistent with increased phosphate-off rate constants compared to that of the wild type. Therefore, mutations of R596 strengthen our hypothesis that the oppositely charged side chains of the DPPR peptide in Na,K-ATPase form a quaternary complex with magnesium phosphate. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Faller, LD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM lfaller@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52802] NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 29 PY 2001 VL 40 IS 21 BP 6361 EP 6370 DI 10.1021/bi010270 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 436GC UT WOS:000168927300020 PM 11371198 ER PT J AU Richardson, RD Engel, CC McFall, M McKnight, K Boehnlein, JK Hunt, SC AF Richardson, RD Engel, CC McFall, M McKnight, K Boehnlein, JK Hunt, SC TI Clinician attributions for symptoms and treatment of Gulf War-related health concerns SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Identifying Effective Treatments for Gulf War Veterans Health Problems CY AUG 14, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. ID UNEXPLAINED SYMPTOMS; MEDICAL-CARE; CHRONIC PAIN; PATIENT; ILLNESS; PHYSICIAN; FATIGUE; ABUSE AB Background: Several clinical syndromes are defined solely on the basis of symptoms, absent an identifiable medical etiology. When evaluating and treating individuals with these syndromes, clinicians' beliefs might shape decisions regarding referral, diagnostic testing, and treatment. To assess clinician beliefs about the etiology and treatment of "Gulf War illness," we surveyed a sample of general internal medicine clinicians (GIMCs) and mental health clinicians (MHCs). Methods: Clinicians (77 GIMCs and 214 MHCs) at the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash, and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Portland, Ore, responded to a mailed survey of their beliefs about Gulf War illness. Results: Compared with GIMCs, MHCs were more likely to believe that Gulf War illness was the result of a "physical disorder" and that symptoms resulted from viruses or bacteria, immunizations, exposure to toxins, chemical weapons, or a combination of toxins and stress (P < .05). Conversely, GIMCs were more likely than MHCs to believe that Gulf War illness was a "mental disorder" and that symptoms were due to stress or posttraumatic stress disorder (P<.05). In addition, MHCs were more likely to endorse biological interventions to treat Gulf War illness (P.01), whereas GIMCs were more likely to endorse psychological interventions. Conclusion: Clinicians' beliefs about the etiology and effective treatment of Gulf War illness vary and thus might contribute to the multiple referrals often reported by Gulf War veterans. Health care models for Gulf War veterans and others with symptom-based disorders necessitate collaborative,interdisciplinary approaches. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Psychol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Richardson, RD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 28 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 10 BP 1289 EP 1294 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.10.1289 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 434JN UT WOS:000168811500004 PM 11371256 ER PT J AU Asch, SM Kerr, EA Lapuerta, P Law, A McGlynn, EA AF Asch, SM Kerr, EA Lapuerta, P Law, A McGlynn, EA TI A new approach for measuring quality of care for women with hypertension SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 12-15, 2000 CL ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Coll Cardiol ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; POPULATION; PHYSICIANS AB Background: Guidelines for care of hypertensive patients have proliferated recently, yet quality assessment remains difficult in the absence of well-defined measurement systems. Existing systems have not always linked process measures to blood pressure outcomes. Methods: A quality measurement system was developed and tested on hypertensive women in a West Coast health plan. An expert panel selected clinically detailed, evidence-explicit indicators using a modified Delphi method. Thirteen indicators (1 screening, 5 diagnostic, 5 treatment, and 2 follow-up indicators) were selected by this process. Trained nurses used a laptop-based tool to abstract data from medical records for the most recent 2 years of care. Results: Of 15 004 eligible patients with hypertensive and other chronic disease codes, 613 patients were sampled, all eligible for the screening indicator. Of these, 234 women with an average blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or more, or a documented diagnosis of hypertension, were studied for the remaining indicators. The average woman received 64% of the recommended care. Most patients did not receive adequate initial history, physical examination, or laboratory tests. Only 37% of hypertensive women with persistent elevations to more than 160/90 mm Hg had changes in therapy or lifestyle recommended. The average adherence proportion to all indicators was lower in patients with uncontrolled blood pressure (> 140/90 mm Hg) than in those with controlled blood pressure (54% vs 73%; P < .001). Conclusions: Quality of hypertensive care falls short of indicators based on randomized controlled trials and national guidelines. Poor performance in essential care processes is associated with poor blood pressure control. C1 RAND Corp, Ctr Res Qual Hlth Care, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Pharmaceut Res Inst, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Vet Affairs Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Re, Ann Arbor Hlth Care Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Western Univ Hlth Sci, Pomona, CA USA. RP Asch, SM (reprint author), RAND Corp, Ctr Res Qual Hlth Care, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. NR 21 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 28 PY 2001 VL 161 IS 10 BP 1329 EP 1335 DI 10.1001/archinte.161.10.1329 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 434JN UT WOS:000168811500010 PM 11371262 ER PT J AU Ganesh, S Agarwala, KL Amano, K Suzuki, T Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Ganesh, S Agarwala, KL Amano, K Suzuki, T Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI Regional and developmental expression of Epm2a gene and its evolutionary conservation SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Laforin; Lafora's disease; epilepsy; dual-specificity phosphatase; homologue; expression; conservation; evolution ID PROGRESSIVE MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY; MOUSE; MUTATIONS; LAFORIN; MAP; RAT AB Lafora's disease, an autosomal recessive progressive myoclonus epilepsy, is caused by mutations in the EPM2A gene encoding a dual-specificity phosphatase (DSP) named laforin, Here, we analyzed the developmental and regional expression of murine Epm2a and discussed its evolutionary conservation. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that laforin is evolutionarily distant from other DSPs, Southern zoo blot analysis suggested that conservation of Epm2a gene is limited to mammals. Laforin orthologs (human, mouse, and rat) display more than 94% similarity. All missense mutations known in Lafora disease patients affect conserved residues, suggesting that they may be essential for laforin's function. Epm2a is expressed widely in various organs but not homogeneously in brain, The levels of Epm2a transcripts in mice brains increase postnatally, attaining its highest level in adults. The most intense signal was detected in the cerebellum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and the olfactory bulb. Our results suggest that Epm2a is functionally conserved in mammals and is involved in growth and maturation of neural networks. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Epilepsy Genet Genom Labs, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA GLAHS W Los Angeles Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), RIKEN, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Ganesh, Subramniam/B-4131-2009; Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 OI Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V./0000-0002-1581-6999 NR 19 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 25 PY 2001 VL 283 IS 5 BP 1046 EP 1053 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4914 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 438LZ UT WOS:000169056400008 PM 11355878 ER PT J AU Kaufman, KM Kelly, J Gray-McGuire, C Asundi, N Ya, H Reid, J Baird, T Hutchings, D Bruner, G Scofield, RH Moser, K Harley, JB AF Kaufman, KM Kelly, J Gray-McGuire, C Asundi, N Ya, H Reid, J Baird, T Hutchings, D Bruner, G Scofield, RH Moser, K Harley, JB TI Linkage analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Biological Communications Symposium CY JUN 16-17, 2000 CL MED COLL, AUGUSTA, GEORGIA HO MED COLL DE systemic lupus erythematosus; linkage; angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) ID DELETION POLYMORPHISM; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; REVISED CRITERIA; ASSOCIATION; CLASSIFICATION; FAMILIES; TRAIT; LOCUS AB Previous studies have suggested an association between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE). This polymorphism consists of a 250-bp insertion/deletion of an alu repeat in the 16th intron of the ACE gene. Individuals homozygous for the deletion have a higher level of circulating enzyme. Due to the important role of this enzyme in regulating the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kininogen systems, it is possible that the ACE insertion/deletion may play a role in SLE, which can include vasculitis and vascular changes. Using primers flanking the insertion/deletion site, we have examined the ACE gene in lupus patients and family members using genomic DNA obtained from the Lupus Multiplex Registry and Repository (LMRR). We were unable to detect significant linkage or genetic association between the ACE gene and SLE. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Kaufman, KM (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR24717, AR42474, AR42460] NR 21 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD MAY 25 PY 2001 VL 177 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0303-7207(01)00424-5 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 442EQ UT WOS:000169272600011 PM 11377823 ER PT J AU Wallhaus, TR Taylor, M DeGrado, TR Russell, DC Stanko, P Nickles, RJ Stone, CK AF Wallhaus, TR Taylor, M DeGrado, TR Russell, DC Stanko, P Nickles, RJ Stone, CK TI Myocardial free fatty acid and glucose use after carvedilol treatment in patients with congestive heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE fatty acids; glucose; metabolism; heart failure ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR FUNCTION; BETA-ADRENERGIC-BLOCKADE; DOUBLE-BLIND; RAT-HEART; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; METABOLISM; METOPROLOL; OXIDATION; PLASMA AB Background-Use of beta -adrenoreceptor blockade in the treatment of heart failure has been associated with a reduction in myocardial oxygen consumption and an improvement in myocardial energy efficiency. One potential mechanism for this beneficial effect is a shift in myocardial substrate use from increased free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation to increased glucose oxidation, Methods and Results-We studied the effect of carvedilol therapy on myocardial FFA and glucose use in 9 patients with stable New York Heart Association functional class III ischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35%) using myocardial positron emission tomography studies and resting echocardiograms before and 3 months after carvedilol treatment. Myocardial uptake of the novel long chain fatty acid metabolic tracer 14(R, S)-[F-18]fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid ([F-18]-FTHA) was used to determine myocardial FFA use, and [F-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose ([F-18]-FDG) was used to determine myocardial glucose use. After carvedilol treatment, the mean myocardial uptake rate for [F-18]-FTHA decreased (from 20.4+/-8.6 to 9.7+/-2.3 ml . 100 g(-1) . min(-1); P<0.005), mean fatty acid use decreased (from 19.3+/-7.0 to 8.2+/-1.8 moL . 100 g(-1) . min(-1); P<0.005), the mean myocardial uptake rate for [F-18]-FDG was unchanged (from 1.4+/-0.4 to 2.4+/-0.8 mL . 100 g(-1) . min(-1); P=0.14), and mean glucose use was unchanged (from 11.1+/-3.1 to 18.7+/-6.0 moL . 100 g(-1) . min(-1); P=0.12), Serum FFA and glucose concentrations were unchanged, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction improved (from 26+/-2% to 37+/-4%; P<0.05), Conclusions-Carvedilol treatment in patients with heart failure results in a 57% decrease in myocardial FFA use without a significant change in glucose use. These metabolic changes could contribute to the observed improvements in energy efficiency seen in patients with heart failure. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Med Phys, Durham, NC USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Wallhaus, TR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, 600 Highland Ave,H6-349, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR03186] NR 39 TC 163 Z9 167 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 22 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 20 BP 2441 EP 2446 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 436KC UT WOS:000168934200005 PM 11369683 ER PT J AU Payami, H Lee, N Zareparsi, S McNeal, MG Camicioli, R Bird, TD Sexton, G Gancher, S Kaye, J Calhoun, D Swanson, PD Nutt, J AF Payami, H Lee, N Zareparsi, S McNeal, MG Camicioli, R Bird, TD Sexton, G Gancher, S Kaye, J Calhoun, D Swanson, PD Nutt, J TI Parkinson's disease, CYP2D6 polymorphism, and age SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROXYLASE GENE POLYMORPHISM; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN GENE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; ALLELIC FREQUENCIES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HUMAN LONGEVITY; EARLY-ONSET; E GENOTYPE; 2D6 GENE; DEBRISOQUINE AB Objective: PD may be caused by genetic susceptibility to neurotoxins. CYP2D6 is a candidate gene for PD because it regulates drug and toxin metabolism, but association studies have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to test if the CYP2D6*4 allele (poor metabolizer phenotype) is associated with earlier age at onset. Methods: Five hundred seventy-six patients with PD and 247 subjects without PD were studied using standard diagnostic, genotyping, and statistical techniques. Results: Surprisingly, mean onset age was significantly later in *4-positive patients. Frequency of *4 was significantly higher in late-onset FD than early-onset PD. When early- and late-onset PD were analyzed separately, *4 had no effect on onset age; hence, the association with delayed onset was likely an artifact of an elevated *4 frequency in late-onset PD. Contrary to a common assumption that CYP2D6 frequencies do not change with age, *4 frequency rose significantly with advancing age, both in patients with PD (from 0.16 at mean age of 56.5 years to 0.21 at mean age of 72) and subjects without PD (from 0.09 at mean age of 45.5 years to 0.21 act mean age of 72). *4 Frequencies in patients with early- and late-onset PD, although different from each other, were in agreement with similarly aged subjects without PD, suggesting the elevated *4 frequency in late-onset PD was likely an age effect, unrelated to PD. Conclusion: The CYP2D6*4 allele is not associated with earlier PD onset. *4 May be associated with survival. Inconsistent results from allelic association studies may have been due to an unrecognized age effect. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Preventat Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Payami, H (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,CR131, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478; Camicioli, Richard/0000-0003-2977-8660 FU NCRR NIH HHS [5MO1 RR00334]; NIA NIH HHS [AG0817]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS36960] NR 54 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY 22 PY 2001 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1363 EP 1370 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 433CV UT WOS:000168738500024 PM 11376189 ER PT J AU Moonga, BS Davidson, R Sun, L Adebanjo, OA Moser, J Abedin, M Zaidi, N Huang, CLH Zaidi, M AF Moonga, BS Davidson, R Sun, L Adebanjo, OA Moser, J Abedin, M Zaidi, N Huang, CLH Zaidi, M TI Identification and characterization of a sodium/calcium exchanger, NCX-1, in osteoclasts and its role in bone resorption SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Na+/Ca2+ exchange; osteoclasts; osteoporosis; bone resorption ID RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; INTRACELLULAR PH; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; CYTOPLASMIC PH; NEONATAL RAT; CALCIUM; CALCITONIN; TRANSPORT; MECHANISM; PUMPS AB We provide the first demonstration for a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, NCX-1, in the osteoclast. We speculate that by using Na+ exchange, NCX-1 couples H+ extrusion with Ca2+ fluxes during bone resorption. Microspectrofluorimetry of fura-a-loaded osteoclasts revealed a rapid and sustained, but reversible, cytosolic Ca2+ elevation upon Na+ withdrawal. This elevation was abolished by the cytosolic introduction (by gentle permeabilization) of a highly specific Na+/Ca2+ exchange inhibitor peptide, XIP, but not its inactive analogue, sXIP. Confocal microscopy revealed intense plasma membrane immunofluorescence with an isoform-specific monoclonal anti-NCX-1 antibody applied to gently permeabilized osteoclasts. Electrophysiological studies using excised outside-in membrane patches showed a low-conductance, Na+-selective, dichlorobenzamil-sensitive, amiloride-insensitive channel that we tentatively assigned as being an NCX. Finally, to examine for physiological relevance, an osteoclast resorption (pit) assay was performed. There was a dramatic reduction of bone resorption following NCX-1 inhibition by dichlorobenzamil and XIP (but not with S-XIP). Together, the results suggest that a functional NCX, likely NCX-1, is involved in the regulation of osteoclast cytosolic Ca2+ and bone resorption. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, Dept Geriatr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, New York, NY USA. NYU, David Kriser Sch Dent, New York, NY USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Mt Sinai Bone Program, Dept Med, POB 1055,1 Gustav Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG14917-05] NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 18 PY 2001 VL 283 IS 4 BP 770 EP 775 DI 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4870 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 436GP UT WOS:000168928400009 PM 11350050 ER PT J AU Mukhin, YV Vlasova, T Jaffa, AA Collinsworth, G Bell, JL Tholanikunnel, BG Pettus, T Fizgibbon, W Ploth, DW Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN AF Mukhin, YV Vlasova, T Jaffa, AA Collinsworth, G Bell, JL Tholanikunnel, BG Pettus, T Fizgibbon, W Ploth, DW Raymond, JR Garnovskaya, MN TI Bradykinin B-2 receptors activate Na+/H+ exchange in mIMCD-3 cells via Janus kinase 2 aHld Ca2+/calmodulin SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INSULIN-STIMULATED PHOSPHORYLATION; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; COLLECTING DUCT CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE; TYROSINE RESIDUES; 5-HT1A RECEPTOR; ISOFORM-1 NHE1; CALMODULIN; SITES; IDENTIFICATION AB We used a cultured murine cell model of the inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD-3 cells) to examine the regulation of the ubiquitous sodium-proton exchanger, Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1), by a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor, the bradykinin B, receptor. Bradykinin rapidly activates NHE-1 in a concentration-dependent manner as assessed by proton microphysiometry of quiescent cells and by 2'-7'-bis[2-carboxymethyl]-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein fluorescence measuring the accelerated rate of pH, recovery from an imposed acid load. The activation of NHE-1 is blocked by inhibitors of the bradykinin B, receptor, phospholipase C, Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM), and Janus kinase 2 (Jak2), but not by pertussis toxin or by inhibitors of protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase, Immunoprecipitation studies showed that bradykinin stimulates the assembly of a signal transduction complex that includes CaM, Jak2, and NHE-1, CaM appears to be a direct substrate for phosphorylation by Jak2 as measured by an in vitro kinase assay. We propose that Jak2 is a new indirect regulator of NHE-1 activity, which modulates the activity of NHE-1 by increasing the tyrosine phosphorylation of Ca2+ and most likely by increasing the binding of CaM to NHE-1. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Garnovskaya, MN (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Rm 829 CSB,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [S10 RR13005]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52448, K01-DK02694] NR 51 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 18 PY 2001 VL 276 IS 20 BP 17339 EP 17346 DI 10.1074/jbc.M010834200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 432ZG UT WOS:000168730400099 PM 11278760 ER PT J AU Wen, Y Ibaraki, N Reddy, VN Sachs, G AF Wen, Y Ibaraki, N Reddy, VN Sachs, G TI Functional analysis of the promoter and chromosomal localization for human LEP503, a novel lens epithelium gene SO GENE LA English DT Article DE cDNA cloning; transcription factor binding site; inherited cataract; gene expression ID CELL MESSENGER-RNA; RAT LENS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; CATARACT FORMATION; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; CLONING; PROTEIN AB LEP503 is a novel gene product isolated from lens epithelial cells by a subtractive cDNA cloning strategy. It is highly conserved in different vertebrate species and developmentally regulated in postnatal rat lens, suggesting that LEP503 may be an important lens epithelium gene involved in the processes of lens epithelial cell differentiation. The expression of LEP503 is highly restricted to lens epithelial cells in vivo. To investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating the promoter of the human LEP503, we cloned and characterized the promoter of the human LEP503 gene, The transcription start site was localized to a nucleotide C 22 base pairs (bp) 5' of the initiation methionine codon. By reporter gene transfection experiments, we found that similar to2.5-kb of LEP503 5'-flanking sequence directed high level luciferase activity in human lens epithelial cells; further deletion analysis revealed positive regulatory element between bp -401 and +22, Mutation analysis in each of the seven potential binding sites for transcription factors within the region between -401 and +22 showed that the AP-1 element at -131 and the Spl element at -48 are the most important sites for the tissue-specific expression of LEP503. Consistent with lens epithelial cell-restricted expression of LEP503 mRNA, we found that the similar to2.5-kb 5'-flanking sequence directed high-level promoter activity in lens epithelial cells but not in other cell types. Understanding the LEP503 promoter will allow us to investigate lens epithelial cell-specific gene regulation and to uncover methods for targeting gene delivery specifically to lens epithelial cells. The LEP503 gene is mapped to human chromosome 1q22, the same location to which zonular pulverulent cataract was previously mapped. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Membrane Biol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Chiba Hokusoh Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Nippon Med Sch, Chiba 2701694, Japan. Univ Michigan, Kellogg Eye Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Wen, Y (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY00484, EY07003]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK58333, DK53462, DK41301, DK46917] NR 30 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAY 16 PY 2001 VL 269 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00439-5 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 440AP UT WOS:000169151100007 PM 11376938 ER PT J AU Sekine, H Reilly, CM Molano, ID Garnier, G Circolo, A Ruiz, P Holers, VM Boackle, SA Gilkeson, GS AF Sekine, H Reilly, CM Molano, ID Garnier, G Circolo, A Ruiz, P Holers, VM Boackle, SA Gilkeson, GS TI Complement component C3 is not required for full expression of immune complex glomerulonephritis in MRL/lpr mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; DECAY-ACCELERATING FACTOR; HUMAN MESANGIAL CELLS; GLOMERULAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CD59 REGULATE COMPLEMENT; WIRE-LOOP LESIONS; CULTURED RAT; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; 3RD COMPONENT; EXTRAHEPATIC EXPRESSION AB Complement activation and tissue deposition of complement fragments occur during disease progression in lupus nephritis. Genetic deficiency of some complement components (e.g., Factor B) and infusion of complement inhibitors (e.g., Crry, anti-C5 Ab) protect against inflammatory renal disease. Paradoxically, genetic deficiencies of early components of the classical complement pathway (e.g., C1q, C4, and C2) are associated with an increased incidence of lupus in humans and lupus-like disease in murine knockout strains. Complement protein C3 is the converging point for activation of all three complement pathways and thus plays a critical role in biologic processes mediated by complement activation. To define the role of C3 in lupus nephritis, mice rendered C3 deficient by targeted deletion were backcrossed for eight generations to MRL/lpr mice, a mouse strain that spontaneously develops lupus-like disease. We derived homozygous knockout (C3(-/-)), heterozygous (C3(+/-)), and C3 wild-type (C3(+/+)) MRL/lpr nice. Serum levels of autoantibodies and circulating immune complexes were similar among the three groups. However, there was earlier and significantly greater albuminuria in the C3(-/-) mice compared with the other two groups. Glomerular IgG deposition was also significantly greater in the C3(-/-) mice than in the other two groups, although overall pathologic renal scores were similar. These results indicate that C3 and/or activation of C3 is not required for full expression of immune complex renal disease fn MRL/lpr mice and may in fact play a beneficial role via clearance of immune complexes. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33125 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Gilkeson, GS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, 96 Jonathon Lucas St,Suite 912,POB 25063, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 66 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 166 IS 10 BP 6444 EP 6451 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 471VC UT WOS:000170948500075 PM 11342671 ER PT J AU Hamilton, ML Guo, ZM Fuller, CD Van Remmen, H Ward, WF Austad, SN Troyer, DA Thompson, I Richardson, A AF Hamilton, ML Guo, ZM Fuller, CD Van Remmen, H Ward, WF Austad, SN Troyer, DA Thompson, I Richardson, A TI A reliable assessment of 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine levels in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA using the sodium iodide method to isolate DNA SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HPLC-ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; ENDOGENOUS OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; BASE DAMAGE; RAT-LIVER; CALORIC RESTRICTION; DIFFERENT TISSUES; ANIMAL-MODELS; C57BL/6 MICE; HUMAN-CELLS AB A major controversy in the area of DNA biochemistry concerns the actual in vivo levels of oxidative damage in DNA. We show here that 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (oxo8dG) generation during DNA isolation is eliminated using the sodium iodide (Nal) isolation method and that the level of oxo8dG in nuclear DNA (nDNA) is almost one-hundredth of the level obtained using the classical phenol method. We found using Nal that the ratio of oxo8dG/10(5) deoxyguanosine (dG) in nDNA isolated from mouse tissues ranged from 0.032 +/- 0.002 for liver to 0.015 +/- 0.003 for brain. We observed a significant increase (10-fold) in oxo8dG in nDNA isolated from liver tissue after 2 Gy of gamma -irradiation when Nal was used to isolate DNA. The turnover of oxo8da in nDNA was rapid, e.g. disappearance of oxo8da in the mouse liver in vivo after gamma -irradiation had a half-life of 11 min. The levels of oxo8da in mitochondrial DNA isolated from liver, heart and brain were 6-, 16- and 23-fold higher than nDNA from these tissues. Thus, our results showed that the steady-state levels of oxo8da in mouse tissues range from 180 to 360 lesions in the nuclear genome and from one to two lesions in 100 mitochondrial genomes. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, MSC-7756, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. OI Fuller, Clifton/0000-0002-5264-3994 FU NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG013319, R01-AG13319, P01AG14674] NR 59 TC 123 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2001 VL 29 IS 10 BP 2117 EP 2126 DI 10.1093/nar/29.10.2117 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 433GW UT WOS:000168752700014 PM 11353081 ER PT J AU Walker, RH Brin, MF Sandu, D Gujjari, P Hof, PR Olanow, CW Shashidharan, P AF Walker, RH Brin, MF Sandu, D Gujjari, P Hof, PR Olanow, CW Shashidharan, P TI Distribution and immunohistochemical characterization of torsinA immunoreactivity in rat brain SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE torsinA; DYT1; dystonia; immunohistochemistry; rat ID DYSTONIA GENE DYT1; MESSENGER-RNA; PARKIN; EXPRESSION; CLONING AB A mutation of the DYT1 gene on chromosome 9q34 has recently been identified as the cause of one form of autosomal-dominantly inherited dystonia. TorsinA, the protein product of this gene, has homology with the family of heat shock proteins, and is found in many peripheral tissues and brain regions. We used a polyclonal antibody to torsinA, developed in our laboratory, to systematically examine the regional distribution of torsinA in rat brain. We find that neurons in all examined structures are immunoreactive for this protein. There is intense immunoreactivity in most neuronal nuclei, with slightly less labeling of cytoplasm and proximal processes. Terminals also are labeled, especially in striatum, neocortex and hippocampus. Double-labeling fluorescence immunohistochemistry using antibodies to neurotransmitters and other neurochemical markers demonstrated that the majority of neurons of all studied neurochemical types are immunoreactive for torsinA. Our findings indicate that torsinA is widely distributed in the central nervous system implicating additional, localized factors, perhaps within the basal ganglia, in the development of dystonia. Many other proteins have a similar widespread distribution, including some which have been implicated in other movement disorders and neurodegenerative processes, such as parkin, alpha -synuclein. ubiquitin and huntingtin. The distribution of torsinA in rat brain as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry contrasts with the results of in situ hybridization studies of torsinA mRNA in human postmortem brain in which a more limited distribution was found. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol 127, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Fishberg Res Ctr Neurobiol, Kastor Neurobiol Aging Labs, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Geriatr & Adult Dev, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Walker, RH (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol 127, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 15 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 11 PY 2001 VL 900 IS 2 BP 348 EP 354 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02302-2 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 429BQ UT WOS:000168496500027 PM 11334819 ER PT J AU Mann, MB Wu, SJ Rostamkhani, M Tourtellotte, W MacMurray, J Comings, DE AF Mann, MB Wu, SJ Rostamkhani, M Tourtellotte, W MacMurray, J Comings, DE TI Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene and early-onset Alzheimer disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer disease; PNMT; norepinephrine; epinephrine ID CHOLINERGIC NEURONS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; SENILE DEMENTIA; MESSENGER-RNA; EPINEPHRINE; BRAIN; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; ASSOCIATION; EXPRESSION; NUCLEUS AB The activity of human phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is reduced in the neurons of those cells in many subcortical areas of the brain that are known to undergo neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease (AD). Others have reported that PNMT is decreased in brains of persons with AD and that the decrease in enzymatic activity is due to a reduced amount of the enzyme protein. We have previously described two polymorphisms, G-353A and G-148A, in the promoter region of the gene coding for PNMT. These markers were tested for their association with the occurrence of sporadic AD. Genotyping of 131 necropsy confirmed AD cases, and 947 adult nondemented controls were completed. We observed a significant association between both of the PNMT gene polymorphisms and early-onset AD (EOAD) (P less than or equal to 0.007), but not in late-onset AD (LOAD). These data suggest that genetic variation in the promoter of the PNMT gene is associated with increased susceptibility to the sporadic form of EOAD. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Med Genet, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. MGI Appl Gemomics, Dept Genomics, Long Beach, CA USA. RP Comings, DE (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Med Genet, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. OI Mann, Michael/0000-0002-7515-6515 NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD MAY 8 PY 2001 VL 105 IS 4 BP 312 EP 316 DI 10.1002/ajmg.1363 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 439KN UT WOS:000169116200002 PM 11378842 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Smith, JB Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Smith, JB Freeman, GL TI Ischemia-reperfusion of rat myocardium activates nuclear factor-kappa B and induces neutrophil infiltration via lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE ischemia; reperfusion; chemokines; inflammation ID GRANULOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-2; MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN-2; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; POSTISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; INJURY; INTERLEUKIN-8; CYTOKINE AB Background-Mechanisms by which neutrophils are attracted to the myocardium in ischemia/reperfusion are not fully defined. Lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (KC), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) are rodent chemokines with potent neutrophil-chemotactic activity. The goals of the present study were to evaluate the roles of these chemokines in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion and to examine the mechanisms of chemokine induction by oxidative stress and cytokines in cultured cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results-Male Wistar-Kyoto rats underwent 45 minutes of ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by reperfusion for various periods. Compared with sham-operated controls, myocardium from reperfused animals had higher levels of free radicals, increased neutrophil infiltration evidenced histologically and by elevated myeloperoxidase activity, and increased nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB DNA binding activity. Ischemia-reperfusion also induced the expression of interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, LIX, KC, and MIP-2 mRNA and protein. LIX expression was localized to resident myocardial cells, whereas KC and MIP-2 were expressed only in infiltrating inflammatory cells. Neutralization of LIX inhibited 79% of neutrophil infiltration into previously ischemic myocardium. In contrast, neutralization of KC acid MIP-2 reduced neutrophil infiltration by only 28% and 37%, respectively. In cultured cardiomyocytes, LIX expression was induced by oxidative stress or TNF-alpha and was blocked by the NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. Conclusions-LIX is expressed by resident myocardial cells during ischemia-reperfusion and is induced in cultured cardiomyocytes by oxidative stress or TNF-alpha via NF-kappaB activation. Although KC and MIP-2 are expressed by inflammatory cells infiltrating the myocardium during reperfusion after ischemia, neutrophil recruitment to reperfused rat myocardium is mainly due to cardiomyocyte expression of LTX. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst,Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Chandrasekar, B (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst,Audie Murphy Div, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-57008] NR 34 TC 145 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 8 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 18 BP 2296 EP 2302 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 431RN UT WOS:000168644500022 PM 11342480 ER PT J AU O'Rourke, RA Chaudhuri, T Shaw, L Berman, DS AF O'Rourke, RA Chaudhuri, T Shaw, L Berman, DS TI Resolution of stress-induced myocardial ischemia during aggressive medical therapy as demonstrated by single photon emission computed tomography imaging SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Nucl Med Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP O'Rourke, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 8 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 18 BP 2315 EP 2315 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 431RN UT WOS:000168644500025 PM 11342483 ER PT J AU Chou, C AF Chou, C TI Case-based teaching of perioperative medicine SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Chou, C (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 4150 Clement St 111, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 76 IS 5 BP 558 EP 559 DI 10.1097/00001888-200105000-00105 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 430JU UT WOS:000168571400102 PM 11346611 ER PT J AU Chou, C Jain, S Glick, S AF Chou, C Jain, S Glick, S TI A curriculum to teach residents to teach in the ambulatory setting SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, VA PRIME Program, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Cook Cty Hosp, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Chou, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, VA PRIME Program, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 76 IS 5 BP 571 EP 571 DI 10.1097/00001888-200105000-00122 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 430JU UT WOS:000168571400119 PM 11346629 ER PT J AU Barnett, PG Rodgers, JH Bloch, DA AF Barnett, PG Rodgers, JH Bloch, DA TI A meta-analysis comparing buprenorphine to methadone for treatment of opiate dependence SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID OPIOID DEPENDENCE; MAINTENANCE TREATMENT; HEROIN-ADDICTS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; ABUSE AB Background. The unique pharmacological properties of buprenorphine may make it a useful maintenance therapy for opiate addiction. This meta-analysis considers the effectiveness of buprenorphine relative to methadone. Methods. A systematic literature search identified five randomized clinical trials comparing buprenorphine to methadone. Data from these trials were obtained. Retention in treatment was analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards regression. Urinalyses for opiates were studied with analysis of variance and a common method of handling missing values. A meta-analysis was used to combine these results. Results. Subjects who received 8-12 mg/day buprenorphine had 1.26 times the relative risk of discontinuing treatment (95% confidence interval 1.01-1.57) and 8.3% more positive urinalyses (95% confidence interval 2.7-14%) than subjects receiving 50-80 mg/day methadone. Buprenophrine was more effective than 20-35 mg/day methadone. There was substantial variation in outcomes in the different trials. Conclusions. The variation between trials may be due to differences in dose levels, patient exclusion criteria and provision of psychosocial treatment. The difference in the effectiveness of buprenorphine and methadone may be statistically significant, but the differences are small compared to the wide variance in outcomes achieved in different methadone treatment programs. Further research is needed to determine if buprenorphine treatment is more effective than methadone in particular settings or in particular subgroups of patients. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Econ Resource Ctr, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Barnett, PG (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, 795 Willow Rd,152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [1-Y01-DA-40032] NR 22 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 8 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD MAY PY 2001 VL 96 IS 5 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.9656834.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 425VR UT WOS:000168312800004 PM 11331027 ER PT J AU Crabb, DW Pinairs, J Hasanadka, R Fang, M Leo, MA Lieber, CS Tsukamoto, H Motomura, K Miyahara, T Ohata, M Bosron, W Sanghani, S Kedishvili, N Shiraishi, H Yokoyama, H Miyagi, M Ishii, H Bergheim, I Menzl, I Parlesak, A Bode, C AF Crabb, DW Pinairs, J Hasanadka, R Fang, M Leo, MA Lieber, CS Tsukamoto, H Motomura, K Miyahara, T Ohata, M Bosron, W Sanghani, S Kedishvili, N Shiraishi, H Yokoyama, H Miyagi, M Ishii, H Bergheim, I Menzl, I Parlesak, A Bode, C TI Alcohol and retinoids SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Medical-Society-of-Alcohol-and-Drug-Studie/10th International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism CY JUL 02-08, 2000 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP Japanese Med Soc Alcohol & Drug Studies, Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism DE retinoic acid; retinoid receptors; vitamin A; beta-carotene; hepatic stellate cells; aldehyde dehydrogenases; alcohol dehydrogenases ID HEPATIC VITAMIN-A; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE-2 PROMOTER; CHRONIC ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; CAROTENE CANCER PREVENTION; CHRONIC HYPERVITAMINOSIS-A; ITO CELL-PROLIFERATION; BETA-CAROTENE; LIVER-DISEASE; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BINDING-PROTEINS AB This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2000 ISBRA Meeting in Yokohama, Japan. The chairs were Hirokazu Yokoyama and David Crabb. The presentations were (1) Roles of vitamin A, retinoic acid, and retinoid receptors in the expression of liver ALDH2, by J. Pinaire, R. Hasanadka, M. Fang, and David W. Crabb; (2) Alcohol, vitamin A, and p-carotene: Adverse interactions, by M. A. Leo and Charles S. Lieber; (3) Retinoic acid, hepatic stellate cells, and Kupffer cells, by Hidekazu Tsukamoto, K, Motomura, T. Miyahara, and M. Ohata; (4) Retinoid storage and metabolism in liver, by William Bosron, S. Sanghani, and N. Kedishvili; (5) Characterization of oxidation pathway from retinol to retinoic acid in esophageal mucosa, by Haruko Shiraishi, Hirokazu Yokoyama, Michiko Miyagi, and Hiromasa Ishii; and (6) Ethanol in an inhibitor of the cytosolic oxidation of retinol in the liver and the large intestine of rats as well as in the human colon mucosa, by Ina Bergheim, Ina Menzl, Alexandr Parlesak, and Christiane Bode. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Alcohol Res Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx VA Med Ctr, Alcohol Res Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ So Calif, Res Ctr Alcohol Liver & Pancreat Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Sepulveda VA Med Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles HealthCare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. Keio Univ, Dept Internal Med, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Hohenheim, Dept Physiol Nutr, D-7000 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Crabb, DW (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 545 Barnhill Dr,Emerson 317, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RI Parlesak, Alexandr/K-6310-2013 OI Parlesak, Alexandr/0000-0002-8973-3467 NR 94 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAY PY 2001 VL 25 IS 5 SU 1 BP 207S EP 217S DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02398.x PG 11 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 434ZP UT WOS:000168846000034 PM 11391073 ER PT J AU Hall, PDM Lieber, CS DeCarli, LM French, SW Lindros, KO Jarvelainen, H Bode, C Parlesak, A Bode, JC AF Hall, PDM Lieber, CS DeCarli, LM French, SW Lindros, KO Jarvelainen, H Bode, C Parlesak, A Bode, JC TI Models of alcoholic liver disease in rodents: A critical evaluation SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Medical-Society-of-Alcohol-and-Drug-Studie/10th International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism CY JUL 02-08, 2000 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP Japanese Med Soc Alcohol & Drug Studies, Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism DE alcoholic liver disease; alcoholic liver injury; rat diet; endotoxin-ethanol interactions; jejunoileal bypass ID JEJUNOILEAL-BYPASS; DIETARY-FAT; RAT-LIVER; VITAMIN-A; ITO CELL; ETHANOL; CIRRHOSIS; FIBROSIS; METABOLISM; NECROSIS AB This article represents the proceedings of a workshop at the 2000 ISBRA Meeting in Yokohama. Japan. The chairs were J. Christian Bode and Hiroshi Fukui. The presentations were (1) Essentials and the course of the pathological spectrum of alcoholic liver disease in humans, by P. de la M. nail; (2) Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet for alcohol-induced liver injury in rats, by C. S. Lieber and L. M. DeCarli; (3) Tsukamoto-French model of alcoholic liver injury, by S. W. French; (4) Animal models to study endotoxin-ethanol interactions. by K. O. Lindros and H. Jarvelainen; and (5) Jejunoileal bypass operation in rats-A model for alcohol-induced liver injury? by Christiane Bode, Alexandr Parlesak, and J. Christian Bode. C1 Univ Cape Town, Dept Anat Pathol, Fac Hlth Sci, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. Robert Bosch Krankenhaus, Dept Internal Med, Stuttgart, Germany. Nara Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 3, Kashihara, Nara 634, Japan. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Alcohol Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland. Univ Hohenheim, Dept Physiol Nutr, D-7000 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Hall, PDM (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Anat Pathol, Fac Hlth Sci, Room 144,Falmouth Bldg,Anzio Rd, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. RI Parlesak, Alexandr/K-6310-2013 OI Parlesak, Alexandr/0000-0002-8973-3467 NR 59 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAY PY 2001 VL 25 IS 5 SU 1 BP 254S EP 261S DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02405.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 434ZP UT WOS:000168846000041 ER PT J AU Kearney, DJ AF Kearney, DJ TI Retreatment of Helicobacter pylori infection after initial treatment failure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Review ID RANITIDINE BISMUTH CITRATE; PRETREATMENT ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; 1-WEEK TRIPLE THERAPIES; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; METRONIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; CLARITHROMYCIN RESISTANCE; ERADICATION THERAPY; CLINICAL RELEVANCE; TREATMENT REGIMENS; QUADRUPLE THERAPY AB OBJECTIVES: Helicobacter pylori treatment regimens fail to cure the infection in at least 10-20% of patients undergoing initial treatment. Retreatment strategies for patients who have failed initial treatment for H. pylori infection remain poorly described. METHODS: The literature describing the Frequency of H. pylori treatment failure and factors leading to failure is reviewed. The role of antibiotic resistance is discussed and clinical studies assessing success rates according to antibiotic resistance are described. Clinical trials evaluating the treatment success rates for a second episode of treatment are discussed. RESULTS: The literature describing retreatment of failed H. pylori infection remains limited. The existing data support the use of bismuth-based quadruple therapy or ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC)-based triple therapy as the preferred agents after initial treatment failure. CONCLUSION: Further studies are needed to better define the optimal second treatment regimen after failed H. pylori treatment. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gastroenterol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. RP Kearney, DJ (reprint author), VAMC, 111GI,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 65 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1335 EP 1339 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430WW UT WOS:000168599300011 PM 11374665 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Sepulveda, AR El-Zimaity, H Yamaoka, Y Osato, MS Mototsugu, K Nieddu, AM Realdi, G Graham, DY AF Dore, MP Sepulveda, AR El-Zimaity, H Yamaoka, Y Osato, MS Mototsugu, K Nieddu, AM Realdi, G Graham, DY TI Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from sheep - Implications for transmission to humans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROSPIRILLUM-HOMINIS; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; ABATTOIR WORKERS; INFECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; GASTRITIS; SURVIVAL; ANIMALS; STAIN; FOOD AB OBJECTIVES: When and how Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) originally entered the human population as well as how the infection is transmitted in different communities is unknown. We previously showed that Sardinian shepherds had almost a 100% prevalence of H. pylori and that the prevalence was higher than that of their same-household siblings. AIM: To examine whether H. pylori infection might be transmitted from sheep. METHODS: Milk and gastric tissue were cultured and analyzed by PCR amplification using three sets of primers Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA and two sets of primers specific for H. pylori vacA gene. RESULTS: Helicobacter DNA was demonstrated in 60% (38/63) of milk samples and in 30% (6/20) of sheep tissue samples. H. pylori vacA gene was amplified in five of 38 milk samples, and in two of six sheep tissue samples respectively. H. pylori were cultured from sheep milk and tissue samples and confirmed as H. pylori on the basis of colony morphology, positive biochemical reactions, and negative Gram stain. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA PCR products from these isolates demonstrated 99% identity with H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS: Together, the presence of Il. pylori in sheep stomach in the absence of associated gastritis and recovery of H. pylori from sheep milk and gastric tissue suggest that sheep may be a natural host for Il. pylori. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Sassari, Ist Clin Med, Dept Internal Med, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Univ Sassari, Inst Veterinarian Pathol Anat, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Dore, MP (reprint author), Univ Sassari, Ist Clin Med, Dept Internal Med, Viale San Pietro 8, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. NR 31 TC 61 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1396 EP 1401 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430WW UT WOS:000168599300020 PM 11374673 ER PT J AU Applebaum-Shapiro, SE Peters, JA O'Connell, JA Aston, CE Whitcomb, DC AF Applebaum-Shapiro, SE Peters, JA O'Connell, JA Aston, CE Whitcomb, DC TI Motivations and concerns of patients with access to genetic testing for hereditary pancreatitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; BREAST-CANCER; MUTATIONS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HETEROGENEITY; WOMEN; MAPS; RISK AB OBJECTIVES: Direct DNA testing is now available for hereditary pancreatitis (HP). This study aimed to identify the factors that motivated individuals to participate in research and to determine how research participants used their genetic test results. METHODS: A survey was mailed to 247 participants (110 male, 137 female) who were greater than or equal to 18 yr of age and living in the US. Data analysis was primarily a description of frequency distribution of the responses. RESULTS: Ninety-one of 247 participants (37%) completed the survey. Of the 55 female and 36 male respondents, 60% were 31-55 yr old, and a total of 54% tested positive for HP. The most common reason for participating in research was "to help a relative/family member" (61%), and genetic testing was pursued because of "the disturbance of seeing affected relatives" (48%) and "the desire to help future generations" (33%). Perceived risk of developing HP in the future was the least important motivating factor in seeking genetic testing. Sixty-two percent of respondents had received their genetic test results. All but one chose to share their results with at least one person: most often with family members (96%) and physicians (62%), and least often with insurance companies (4%). The most common influential factor in withholding information was "the fear of insurance discrimination" (23%). CONCLUSIONS: The major motivations to participate in the HP genetic research study were to obtain genetic testing and to help current family members and future generations. The major concern was insurance discrimination. Participants clearly appreciate the availability of genetic testing for HP. These results suggest that a mechanism to disclose results to research participants should be considered, and effective ways to protect at-risk individuals from insurance discrimination must remain a genetics health care priority. (C) 2001 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med GI, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Physiol & Cell Biol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Applebaum-Shapiro, SE (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med GI, Ctr Genom Sci, 3550 Terrace St,560A Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK51954, DK54709] NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1610 EP 1617 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430WW UT WOS:000168599300055 PM 11374708 ER PT J AU Tsuji-Hayashi, Y Fitts, SS Takai, I Nakai, S Shinzato, T Miwa, M Green, J Young, BA Hosoya, T Maeda, K Blagg, CR Fukuhara, S AF Tsuji-Hayashi, Y Fitts, SS Takai, I Nakai, S Shinzato, T Miwa, M Green, J Young, BA Hosoya, T Maeda, K Blagg, CR Fukuhara, S TI Health-related quality of life among dialysis patients in Seattle and Aichi SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE quality of life (QOL); 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36); dialysis ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; OF-LIFE; FUNCTIONAL HEALTH; SURVIVAL; HEMODIALYSIS; PREDIALYSIS; JAPAN AB We used the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey to compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between 104 dialysis patients in Seattle, WA, and 2,178 patients in Aichi, Japan. Compared with Aichi patients, Seattle patients had lower scores on three scales related to physical HRQOL: Physical Functioning (PF; P = 0.03), Role-Physical (RP; P = 0.004), and Vitality (VT; P < 0.001). However, scores related to mental HRQOL were higher for Seattle patients compared with those of Aichi patients, which included scores for Role-Emotional (RE; P = 0.005) and Mental Health (MH; P < 0.001). Scores for Bodily Pain, General Health Perception, and Social Functioning did not differ significantly between the two groups. These differences persisted even after potential confounding factors were controlled for. However, after taking into account national norm data for the United States and Japan, differences in PF and VT disappeared, whereas differences in RP, RE, and MH persisted. These results suggest that the higher scores for PF and VT in Aichi patients were partly explained by the higher physical HRQOL of the Japanese general population. Although these data may not be representative of the total dialysis populations in the United States and Japan, they suggest potential differences in HRQOL between patients in the two countries. Additional research is needed to confirm these results and understand the factors associated with these differences. The findings suggest the need for further attention to the physical limitations of US dialysis patients and the mental health of Japanese dialysis patients. (C) 2001 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 NW Kidney Ctr, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan. Jikei Univ, Dept Hypertens & Nephrol, Tokyo, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Sch Med, Daiko Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Nagoya, Aichi 466, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Outcome Res, Grad Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Kyoto, Japan. RP Tsuji-Hayashi, Y (reprint author), NW Kidney Ctr, 700 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 37 IS 5 BP 987 EP 996 DI 10.1053/ajkd.2001.23639 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 427AW UT WOS:000168383500015 PM 11325681 ER PT J AU Steinman, MA Shlipak, MG McPhee, SJ AF Steinman, MA Shlipak, MG McPhee, SJ TI Of principles and pens: Attitudes and practices of medicine housestaff toward pharmaceutical industry promotions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-General-Internal Medicine CY MAY 05-06, 2000 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Soc Gen Internal Med ID SALES REPRESENTATIVES; RESIDENCY PROGRAMS; DRUG COMPANIES; PHYSICIANS; FACULTY; BEHAVIOR; POLICIES; GIFTS AB PURPOSE: little is known about the factors that influence housestaff attitudes toward pharmaceutical industry promotions or, how such attitudes correlate with physician behaviors. We studied these attitudes and practices among internal medicine housestaff: SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Confidential surveys about attitudes and behaviors toward industry gifts were distributed to 1st- and 2nd-year residents at a university-based internal medicine residency program. RESULTS: Ninety percent of the residents (105 of 117) completed the survey. A majority of respondents considered seven of nine types of promotions appropriate. Residents judged the appropriateness of promotions on the basis of their cost (median percentage of items considered appropriate 100% for inexpensive items vs. 60% for expensive ones) more than on the basis of their educational value (80% for educational items vs. 75% for noneducational ones; P < .001 for comparison of appropriateness based on cost vs. educational value). Behaviors were often inconsistent with altitudes; every resident who considered conference lunches (n = 13) and pens (n = 18) inappropriate had accepted these gifts. Most respondents (61%) stated that industry promotions and contacts did not influence their own prescribing, but only 16% believed other physicians were similarly unaffected (P < .0001). Nonetheless, more than two thirds of residents agreed that it is appropriate for a medical institution to have rules on industry interactions with residents and faculty. CONCLUSIONS: Residents hold generally positive attitudes toward gifts from industry, believe they are not influenced by them, and report behaviors that are often inconsistent with their attitudes. Thoughtful education and policy programs may help residents learn to critically appraise these gifts. (C) 2001 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, VA Natl Qual Scholars Program, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Steinman, MA (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, VA Natl Qual Scholars Program, VA Box 111G,Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 P30 AG15272]; PHS HHS [5 D28 HP 19179-18] NR 23 TC 149 Z9 152 U1 2 U2 7 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 110 IS 7 BP 551 EP 557 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00660-X PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 430CM UT WOS:000168556000006 PM 11347622 ER PT J AU Miampamba, M Yang, H Sharkey, KA Tache, Y AF Miampamba, M Yang, H Sharkey, KA Tache, Y TI Intracisternal TRH analog induces Fos expression in gastric myenteric neurons and glia in conscious rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RX-77368; immediate-early gene; atropine; hexamethonium; vesicular acetylcholine transporter; enteric nervous system ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; VESICULAR ACETYLCHOLINE TRANSPORTER; DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; GUINEA-PIG; C-FOS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE AB Activation of gastric myenteric cells by intracisternal injection of the stable thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog RX-77368, at a dose inducing near maximal vagal cholinergic stimulation of gastric functions, was investigated in conscious rats. Fos immunoreactivity was assessed in gastric longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus whole mount preparations 90 min after intracisternal injection. Fos-immunoreactive cells were rare in controls (similar to1 cell/ganglion), whereas intracisternal RX-77368 (50 ng) increased the number to 24.8 +/- 1.8 and 26.8 +/- 2.2 cells/ganglion in the corpus and antrum, respectively. Hexamethonium (20 mg/kg sc) prevented Fos expression by 90%, whereas atropine (2 mg/kg sc) had no effect. The neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 and the glial markers S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic proteins showed that RX-77368 induced Fos in both myenteric neurons and glia. Vesicular ACh transporter and calretinin were detected around the activated myenteric neurons. These results indicated that central vagal efferent stimulation by intracisternal RX-77368 activates gastric myenteric neurons as well as glial cells mainly through nicotinic ACh receptors in conscious rats. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calgary, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Neurosci Res Grp, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. RP Miampamba, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061, DK-41301] NR 53 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 280 IS 5 BP G979 EP G991 PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 424CK UT WOS:000168214400025 PM 11292608 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Nelson, JF Colston, JT Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Nelson, JF Colston, JT Freeman, GL TI Calorie restriction attenuates inflammatory responses to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytokines; free radicals; glutathione; energy intake ID FACTOR-KAPPA-B; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FOOD RESTRICTION; ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE; POSTISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; DIETARY RESTRICTION AB The life-prolonging effects of calorie restriction (CR) may be due to reduced damage from cumulative oxidative stress. Our goal was to determine the long-term effects of moderate dietary CR on the myocardial response to reperfusion after a single episode of sublethal ischemia. Male Fisher 344 rats were fed either an ad libitum (AL) or CR (40% less calories) diet. At age 12 mo the animals were anaesthetized and subjected to thoracotomy and a 15-min left-anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. The hearts were reperfused for various periods. GSH and GSSG levels, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) DNA binding activity, cytokine, and antioxidant enzyme expression were assessed in the ischemic zones. Sham-operated animals served as controls. Compared with the AL diet, chronic CR limited oxidative stress as seen by rapid recovery in GSH levels in previously ischemic myocardium. CR reduced DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB. The kappaB-responsive cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were transiently expressed in the CR group but persisted longer in the AL group. Furthermore, expression of manganese superoxide dismutase, a key antioxidant enzyme, was significantly delayed in the AL group. Collectively these data indicate that CR significantly attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and the postischemic inflammatory response. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Nelson, JF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-01188-18] NR 43 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 280 IS 5 BP H2094 EP H2102 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 420WE UT WOS:000168027600021 PM 11299211 ER PT J AU Slater, MS Holland, J Faigel, DO Sheppard, BC Deveney, CW AF Slater, MS Holland, J Faigel, DO Sheppard, BC Deveney, CW TI Does neoadjuvant chemoradiation downstage esophageal carcinoma? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 87th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 10-11, 2000 CL COEURD ALENE, IDAHO SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE esophageal carcinoma; chemoradiotherapy ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; COMBINED-MODALITY THERAPY; RADIATION-THERAPY; ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY; TRANSHIATAL ESOPHAGECTOMY; CANCER; CHEMOTHERAPY; ADENOCARCINOMA; RESECTION; SURGERY AB Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is administered to patients with esophageal carcinoma with the belief that this will both downstage the tumor and improve survival. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is currently the most accurate method of staging esophageal cancer for tumor (T) and lymph node (N) status. Because both EUS and neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal carcinoma are relatively new, there are few data examining the relationship between EUS stage and histological stage (the stage after resection) in patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: To determine the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on T and N stage as determined by EUS,we retrospectively compared two groups of patients with esophageal cancer staged by EUS. One group (33 patients) underwent neoadjuvant therapy (Walsh protocol: 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and 4000 mds of external beam radiation) followed by resection. The second group (22 patients), a control group, underwent resection without neoadjuvant therapy. We then compared histological stage to determine if there was a downstaging in the patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Survival was evaluated as well. Results: EUS accurately predicted histologic stage. In the control group EUS overestimated T stage in 3 of 22 (13%), underestimated N stage in 2 of 22 (9%), and overestimated N stage in 2 of 22 (9%) of patients. Preoperative radiochemotherapy downstaged (preoperative EUS stage versus pathologic specimen) 12 of 33 (36%) Of patients whereas only 1 of 22 (5%) of patients in the control group was downstaged. Complete response (no tumor found in the surgical specimen) was observed in 5 of 33 (15%) of patients receiving radiochemotherapy. Survival was prolonged significantly in patients receiving radiochemotherapy: 20.6 months versus 9.6 months for those (stage II or III) patients not receiving radiochemotherapy (P < 0.01). Operative time, operative blood loss, and length of stay were not significantly different between groups. Perioperative mortality was higher in the radiochemotherapy group (13%) compared with the no radiochemotherapy group (5%) but did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusions: EUS accurately stages esophageal carcinoma. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy downstages esophageal carcinoma for T and N status. In our nonrandomized study, neoadjuvant therapy conferred a significant survival advantage. Operative risk appears to be increased in patients receiving neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy prior to esophagectomy. (C) 2001 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Vet Adm Hosp, Surg Serv, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Surg Serv, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Deveney, CW (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Vet Adm Hosp, Surg Serv, P3SURG,POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 26 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 181 IS 5 BP 440 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00601-8 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 451WQ UT WOS:000169825800012 PM 11448438 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM de la Melena, V Orloff, SL Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM de la Melena, V Orloff, SL Corless, CL Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ TI Late mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 87th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 10-11, 2000 CL COEURD ALENE, IDAHO SP N Pacific Surg Assoc DE liver transplantation; survival; late mortality; allograft failure ID RENAL-FAILURE; RISK-FACTORS; RETRANSPLANTATION; CYCLOSPORINE; INFECTIONS; RECIPIENTS; REJECTION; HEPATITIS AB Background: Mortality within the first year after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) is usually due to infection or allograft failure. Late complications leading to death after OLTx have not been extensively evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of late mortality and to identify the most common causes and risk factors associated with late mortality after OLTx. Methods: A total of 479 OLTx were performed in 459 patients (320 males, 139 females; mean age 47 years, range 13 to 69) between September 1991 and April 2000. All patient deaths among liver transplant recipients who survived more than 1 year after transplantation (follow-up mean 3.4 years, median 3, range 1 to 8.6) were reviewed. Results: In all, 122 allografts (24%) were lost in 109 patients during the study period (24%). Seventy-five allografts were lost in 69 patients by 1 year (15%), Forty-seven allografts were lost in 40 patients who survived at least 1 year (9.6%). Actuarial survivals at 2 years, 5 years, and 9 years were 95%, 85%, and 80%, respectively (based on 100% survival at 1 year). The causes of the late mortality were malignancy (9 patients), disease recurrence (8), late infection (6), renal failure complications (5), cardiovascular complications (4), chronic rejection (3), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (2), medication noncompliance (1), and unknown (2). Conclusions: Malignancy and disease recurrence are the major causes of late mortality among adult OLTx recipients. Pharmacologic immunosuppression is associated with many of the causes of late mortality. Advances in immunosuppression with less toxicity may improve long-term survival after OLTx. (C) 2001 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Road,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 25 TC 75 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 181 IS 5 BP 475 EP 479 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(01)00595-5 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 451WQ UT WOS:000169825800021 PM 11448447 ER PT J AU Lorenz, KA Shapiro, MF Asch, SM Bozzette, SA Hays, RD AF Lorenz, KA Shapiro, MF Asch, SM Bozzette, SA Hays, RD TI Associations of symptoms and health-related quality of life: Findings from a national study of persons with HIV infection SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; OF-LIFE; SERVICES UTILIZATION; PALLIATIVE CARE; UNITED-STATES; COST; AIDS AB Background: Health-related quality of life refers to how well people are able to perform daily activities (functioning) and how they feel about their lives (well-being). The relationship between symptoms and health-related quality of life has not been fully explored, Objective: To estimate the association of HIV symptoms with health-related quality of life and with disability days. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: HIV providers in 28 urban and 24 rural randomly selected sites throughout the United States. Patients: Nationally representative sample of 2267 adults with known HIV infection who were interviewed in 1996 and again between 1997 and 1998. Measurements: Symptoms, two single-item global measures of health-related quality of life (perceived health and perceived quality of life), and disability days. Results: White patches in the mouth; nausea or loss of appetite; persistent cough, difficulty breathing, or difficulty catching one's breath; and weight loss were associated with more disability days and worse scores on both health-related quality-of-life measures. Headache; pain in the mouth, lips, or gums; dry mouth; and sinus infection, pain, or discharge were associated with worse perceived health, Pain in the mouth, lips, or gums; trouble with eyes; pain, numbness, or tingling of hands or feet; and diarrhea or loose or watery stools were associated with worse perceived quality of life. Headache and fever, sweats, or chills were associated with more disability days. Conclusions: Several symptoms are associated with worse health-related quality of life and more disability days in persons with HIV infection. In such patients, targeting specific symptoms may improve health-related quality of life and reduce disability. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Lorenz, KA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Gen Internal Med, 11303 Wilshire Blvd,Code 111-G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 FU AHRQ HHS [HS08578]; ASC OASH HHS [R01AS10227] NR 20 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 9 SU S BP 854 EP 860 PN 2 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 429XK UT WOS:000168543100009 PM 11346321 ER PT J AU Barchiesi, F Schimizzi, AM Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Caselli, F Di Cesare, S Giannini, D Di Francesco, LF Giacometti, A Carle, F Scalise, G Graybill, JR AF Barchiesi, F Schimizzi, AM Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Caselli, F Di Cesare, S Giannini, D Di Francesco, LF Giacometti, A Carle, F Scalise, G Graybill, JR TI Interactions of posaconazole and flucytosine against Cryptococcus neoformans SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; COMBINATION THERAPY; MURINE MODEL; IN-VITRO; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY; FLUCONAZOLE; MENINGITIS; ITRACONAZOLE; CANDIDIASIS AB A checkerboard methodology, based on standardized methods proposed by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for broth microdilution antifungal susceptibility testing, was applied to study the in vitro interactions of flucytosine (FC) and posaconazole (SCH 56592) (FC-SCH) against 15 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, Synergy, defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of <0.50, was observed for 33% of the isolates tested. When synergy was not achieved, there was still a decrease in the MIC of one or both drugs when they were used in combination. Antagonism, defined as a FIC of >4.0, was not observed. The in vitro efficacy of combined therapy was confirmed by quantitative determination of the CFU of C, neoformans 486, an isolate against which the FC-SCH association yielded a synergistic interaction. To investigate the potential beneficial effects of this combination therapy in vivo, we established two experimental murine models of cryptococcosis by intracranial or intravenous injection of cells of C. neoformans 486. At 1 day postinfection, the mice were randomized into different treatment groups. One group each received each drug alone, and one group received the drugs in combination, While combination therapy was not found to be significantly more effective than each single drug in terms of survival, tissue burden experiments confirmed the potentiation of antifungal activity with the combination. Our study demonstrates that SCH and FC combined are significantly more active than either drug alone against C. neoformans in vitro as well in vivo. These findings suggest that this therapeutic approach could be useful in the treatment of cryptococcal infections. C1 Univ Ancona, Ctr Interdipartimentale Epidemiol Biostat & Infor, Ancona, Italy. Univ Ancona, Ist Malattie Infett & Med Pubbl, Ancona, Italy. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Austin, TX USA. RP Barchiesi, F (reprint author), Azienda Osped Umberto 1, Ist Malattie Infectt & Med Pubbl, Via Conca Torrette, I-60020 Ancona, Italy. NR 29 TC 28 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 45 IS 5 BP 1355 EP 1359 DI 10.1128/AAC.45.5.1355-1359.2001 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 424PH UT WOS:000168240300006 PM 11302795 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Lu, PH Nuechterlein, KH Edwards, N Mintz, J AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Lu, PH Nuechterlein, KH Edwards, N Mintz, J TI Age-related changes in frontal and temporal lobe volumes in men - A magnetic resonance imaging study SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID BRAIN MORPHOLOGY; GRAY-MATTER; IN-VIVO; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; WHITE-MATTER; MRI; CHILDHOOD; ADOLESCENCE; HIPPOCAMPUS; MYELINATION AB Background? Imaging and postmortem studies provide converging evidence that, beginning in adolescence, gray matter volume declines linearly until old age, while cerebrospinal fluid volumes are stable in adulthood (age 20-50 years). Given the fixed volume of the cranium in adulthood, it is surprising that most studies observe no white matter volume expansion after approximately age 20 years. We examined the effects of the aging process on the frontal and temporal lobes. Methods: Seventy healthy adult men aged 19 to 76 years underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Coronal images focused on the frontal and temporal lobes were acquired using pulse sequences that maximized gray vs white matter contrast. The volumes of total frontal and temporal lobes as well as the gray and white matter subcomponents were evaluated. Results: Age-related linear loss in gray matter volume in both frontal(r=-0.62, P<.001) and temporal (r=-0.48, P<.001) lobes was confirmed. However, the quadratic function best represented the relationship between age and white matter volume in the frontal (P<.001) and temporal (P<.001) lobes. Secondary analyses indicated that white matter volume increased until age 44 years for the frontal lobes and age 47 years for the temporal lobes and then declined. Conclusions: The changes in white matter suggest that the adult brain is in a constant state of change roughly defined as periods of maturation continuing into the fifth decade of life followed by degeneration. Pathological states that interfere with such maturational processes could result in neurodevelopmental arrests in adulthood. C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Cent Arkansas Vet healthcare Syst, Mental Hlth Serv Line, Little Rock, AR USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, 2200 Ft Roots Dr,Bldg 170 116A-NLR, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013; Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA 50038]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-37705, MH-51928] NR 31 TC 375 Z9 383 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 2001 VL 58 IS 5 BP 461 EP 465 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.461 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 428UE UT WOS:000168479100005 PM 11343525 ER PT J AU Weymuller, EA Alsarraf, R Yueh, B Deleyiannis, FWB Coltrera, MD AF Weymuller, EA Alsarraf, R Yueh, B Deleyiannis, FWB Coltrera, MD TI Analysis of the performance characteristics of the University of Washington Quality of Life instrument and its modification (UW-QOL-R) SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID OF-LIFE; NECK-CANCER; HEAD; DEPRESSION AB Background: During a 5-year period, we analyzed 3 patient subsets from the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) Registry and published the results. In each instance, editorial review has raised legitimate concerns regarding the UW-QOL instrument that deserve public comment. We present our response to these criticisms. Since our original publication (1993), we have added domains to the original UW-QOL instrument. These additions reflected our concern that we might be missing important elements in the spectrum of disease-specific response to treatment. Using the data we have accumulated in the last 5 years, we present an analysis of the internal consistency of the UW-QOL. We have identified those domains that are responsive (or not responsive) to treatment effect and have revised the UW-QOL accordingly to create the UW-QOL-R, which is recommended for future use. Design: The project began January 1, 1993, after approval by the UW Human Subjects Committee. Critical comments offered by external review were collated and responded to. Internal consistency was evaluated by interitem correlation matrix (Cronbach alpha) testing. Subjects: All new patients presenting to the UW Medical Center (Seattle) with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer were asked to participate in a prospective analysis of QOL changes during and after treatment. Intervention: Patients completed the pretreatment QOL questionnaire on the day of their initial workup. The format for the pretreatment test was an interviewer-supervised self-administered test; the subsequent tests were self-administered and were completed at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Other data entered for each patient included site, stage, treatment, histologic classification, reconstruction, and current status. A QOL registrar was responsible for patient follow-up, data collection, and collation. All data were entered into the departmental relational database. Results: Criticisms by external review included the following: "it is improper to call it [UW-QOL] a measure of quality of life"; "the summary scale is problematic because it implies that each of the subscales are weighted or 'valued' equally"; "some domain questions relate to surgery specific issues...while others are specific to radiation";"we were confused by the scoring"; and "the UW-QOL index does not specifically address the psychological impact of the disease and its treatment." After evaluation of internal consistency, the UW-QOL was modified by removing 2 domains that correlated poorly with the others. This resulted in a 10-item instrument (UW-QOL-R) with an overall internal consistency score of 0.85. Conclusions: The UW-QOL can be effectively and accurately used to compare treatment effects in the management of head and neck cancer. With this revised instrument, the 10 items appear to measure the domains of overall QOL in a highly consistent and reliable fashion over time. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Weymuller, EA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Box 356515, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 NR 12 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 127 IS 5 BP 489 EP 493 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 429KC UT WOS:000168515000001 PM 11346422 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Boninger, ML Prins, K Rentschler, AJ Arva, J O'Connor, TJ AF Cooper, RA Fitzgerald, SG Boninger, ML Prins, K Rentschler, AJ Arva, J O'Connor, TJ TI Evaluation of a pushrim-activated, power-assisted wheelchair SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE activities of daily living; ergonomics; rehabilitation; wheelchairs ID MANUAL WHEELCHAIRS; PROPULSION; EFFICIENCY; RESPONSES AB Objective: To evaluate a novel pushrim-activated, power-assisted wheelchair (PAPAW) for compliance with wheelchair standards, metabolic energy cost during propulsion, and ergonomics during selected activities of daily living (ADLs). Design: A 3-phase study, the second and third of which were repeated-measures designs. Setting: A rehabilitation engineering center within a Veterans Affairs medical center. Patients: Eleven full-time, community-dwelling, manual wheelchair users (4 women, 6 men) with spinal cord injuries or multiple sclerosis. Interventions: Phase 1: Compliance testing, with a test dummy, in accordance with the wheelchair standards of the American National Standards Institute and the Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America. Phase 2: Metabolic energy consumption testing-at 2 speeds and 3 resistance levels-in subjects' manual wheelchair and the PAPAW. Phase 3. Evaluation of ability to perform ADLs and ergonomics of the PAPAW compared with the subjects personal wheelchair. Main Outcome Measures: Phase 1. The PAPAW's static stability, static strength, impact strength, fatigue strength, environmental response, obstacle climbing ability, range, maximum speed, and braking distance. Phase 2. Subjects' oxygen consumption per minute, minute ventilation, and heart rate during different speeds and workloads with a PAPAW and their own wheelchairs. Phase 3: Subject ratings of perceived comfort and basic ergonomics while performing selected ADLs. Completion time, stroke frequency, and heart rate during each ADL. Results: Phase 1: The PAPAW was found to be in compliance with wheelchair standards. Phase 2: With the PAPAW, the user had a significantly lower oxygen consumption ((V) over dotO(2)mL/min: p < .0001; (V) over dotO(2)mL/kg x min: p < .0001) and heart rate (p < .0001) when compared with a manual wheelchair at different speeds. Phase 3: The PAPAW had a significantly higher mean ergonomic evaluation (p < .01) than the subjects' personal wheelchairs. The results of comparing the ratings of the car transfer between the PAPAW and the subjects' personal wheelchair showed a significant difference in the task of taking the wheels off (p < .001) and putting the wheels back on (p = .001), with the PAPAW receiving lower ratings. Conclusion: This study indicated that the PAPAW is compliant with wheelchair standards, reduces the energy demand placed on the user during propulsion, and that subjects rated its ergonomics favorably when compared with their personal wheelchair. PAPAWs may provide manual wheelchairs with a less physiologically stressful means of mobility with few adaptations to the vehicle or home environment. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151 R1, VA REhabil Res & Dev Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151 R1, VA REhabil Res & Dev Ctr, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 25 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 13 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 82 IS 5 BP 702 EP 708 DI 10.1053/apmr.2001.20836 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 429RR UT WOS:000168531200025 PM 11346854 ER PT J AU James, JA Neas, BR Moser, KL Hall, T Bruner, GR Sestak, AL Harley, JB AF James, JA Neas, BR Moser, KL Hall, T Bruner, GR Sestak, AL Harley, JB TI Systemic lupus erythematosus in adults is associated with previous Epstein-Barr virus exposure SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; PEPTIDE IMMUNIZATION; REVISED CRITERIA; SM B/B'; INFECTION; CLASSIFICATION; AUTOIMMUNITY; SERA AB Objective. The possible molecular mimicry of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) peptide PPPGRRP by the peptide PPPGMRPP from Sm B'/B of the human spliceosome is consistent with the possibility that EBV infection is related to the origin of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in some patients. Association of EBV exposure with SLE was therefore tested for and subsequently found in children and adolescents (odds ratio [OR] 49.9, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.3-1,025, P < 10(-11)). These results were confirmed at the level of EBV DNA (OR > 10, 95% CI 2.53-infinity, P < 0.002). Much smaller seroconversion rate differences were found against 4 other herpes viruses. Herein, we extend these studies to adults and test the hypothesis that EBV infection is associated with adult SLE. Methods. We selected 196 antinuclear antibody-positive adult SLE patients (age 20 years) and 2 age-, race-, and sex-matched controls per patient. SLE patients and matched controls were tested for evidence of previous infection with EBV, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), or varicella-zoster virus (VZV) by standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results. Of the 196 lupus patients tested, all but 1 had been exposed to EBV, while 22 of the 392 controls did not have antibodies consistent with previous EBV exposure (OR 9.35, 95% Cl 1.45-infinity, P = 0.014). No differences were observed between SLE patients and controls in the seroconversion rate against CMV, HSV-2, or VZV. Conclusion. These new data from adults, along with the many suggestive features of EBV infection, are consistent with the contribution of this infection to the etiology of SLE. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-01981, AR-42474] NR 20 TC 187 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1122 EP 1126 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(200105)44:5<1122::AID-ANR193>3.0.CO;2-D PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 485JJ UT WOS:000171751000018 PM 11352244 ER PT J AU Elangovan, L Shinaberger, CS Kraut, JA Shinaberger, AH AF Elangovan, L Shinaberger, CS Kraut, JA Shinaberger, AH TI HEMO equilibrated Kt/V coals are difficult to achieve in large male patients SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UREA REDUCTION RATIO; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; CARDIOPULMONARY RECIRCULATION; DIALYSIS; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; EFFICIENCY; MORBIDITY; WEIGHT AB The long-term outcome of chronic hemodialysis patients is influenced by the adequacy of dialysis treatment. A major objective of the ongoing US HEMO Study is to determine ii a higher target value of treatment as measured by the equilibrated Kt/V (eKt/V), a calculation of dialysis adequacy developed for the study, of 1.45 results in a better outcome than the presently accepted target value for eKt/V of 1.05 (approximately equal to spKt/V of 1.2). eKt/V corrects for urea rebound and gives a better estimate of actual treatment received. To examine the feasibility of achieving the higher eKt/V in large hemodialysis patients, a retrospective analysis of 389 monthly eKt/V values from 65 men on chronic hemodialysis of larger than average size dialyzed at high blood and dialysate flows (QB 400, QD 800 ml/min) with large dialyzers (1.8-2.2 m(2)) for longer than 4 hours three times weekly was performed. A total of 278 treatments considered optimal by a blood water urea clearance estimate were included in the final analyses. The mean body weight and Chertow water volume were 84.3 +/- 16.5 kgm and 50.0 +/- 6.7 L, respectively. The mean sp Kt/V was 1.29 +/- 0.17. The mean eKt/V was 1.16 +/- 0.14 and was inversely correlated with weight and water volume (p < 0.0001). Despite the large dialyzers and high blood and dialysate flow rates, no patient weighing more than 80 kgm or with body water volume exceeding 46 liters achieved an eKt/V of 1.45. This study suggests that creative dialyses will be required to achieve the HEMO "high arm" target in large patients. C1 W Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Shinaberger, AH (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Med Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 47 IS 3 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.1097/00002480-200105000-00015 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA 431HQ UT WOS:000168626100012 PM 11374764 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Song, LX Wu, S Fan, F Lopes-Virella, MF AF Huang, Y Song, LX Wu, S Fan, F Lopes-Virella, MF TI Oxidized LDL differentially regulates MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE oxidized LDL; metalloproteinases; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; endothelium ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; GROWTH-FACTOR EXPRESSION; HUMAN CORONARY-ARTERIES; TISSUE INHIBITOR; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; COLLAGENASE; METALLOPROTEINASES AB We have reported recently that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Thr: present study was conducted to examine the effect of oxLDL on expression of Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), an endogenous inhibitor of MMPs, in human vascular endothelial cells. Our enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Northern blot analysis showed that oxLDL inhibited TIMP-1 secretion and expression by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In contrast. PMA stimulated TIMP-1 expression and secretion. Both oxLDL and PMA increased MMP-1 expression and secretion significantly as previously reported. Inhibition by oxLDL of TIMP-1 expression was also observed in human aortic endothelial cells. Collagenase activity as detected by an enzymatic activity assay demonstrated, as expected, an increase in collagenase activity in the culture medium from oxLDL-treated cells as compared with that from untreated cells. The presented data indicates that oxLDL differentially regulates TIMP-1 and MMP-1 expression, whereas PMA coordinately regulates TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in vascular endothelial cells. The lack of coordination in the secretion of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 induced by oxLDL leads to an increased collagen-degrading activity that may contribute to destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Huang, Y (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 32 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAY PY 2001 VL 156 IS 1 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00638-9 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 438BU UT WOS:000169034500014 PM 11369004 ER PT J AU Tajima, F Deguchi, T Laver, JH Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M AF Tajima, F Deguchi, T Laver, JH Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M TI Reciprocal expression of CD38 and CD34 by adult murine hematopoietic stem cells SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR AB The effects of activation of adult murine stem cells on their expression of CD38 were studied using a murine transplantation model. First, the published finding that the majority of long-term engrafting cells from normal adult steady-state marrow are CD38(+) was confirmed. Next, it was determined that the majority of stem cells activated in vivo by injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor are CD38(-). Stem cells that were activated in culture with interleukin-II and steel factor were also CD38-. Previous studies have shown that expression of CD34 by adult stem cells is also modulated by in vivo or in vitro activation. To determine whether there is reciprocal expression of CD38 and CD34, 4 populations of post-5-FU marrow cells were analyzed. The majority of the stem cells were in the CD38(-)CD34(+) fraction. However, secondary transplantation experiments indicated that when the bone marrow reaches steady state, the majority of the stem cells become CD38(+)CD34(-). In addition, the minority populations of CD34(+) stem cells that occur in steady-state bone marrow are CD38-. This reversible and reciprocal expression of CD38 and CD34 by murine stem cells may have implications for the phenotypes of human stem cells. (Blood, 2001;97:2618-2624) (C) 2001 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54197] NR 18 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 97 IS 9 BP 2618 EP 2624 DI 10.1182/blood.V97.9.2618 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 429KP UT WOS:000168516200016 PM 11313250 ER PT J AU Kawada, H Ogawa, M AF Kawada, H Ogawa, M TI Hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells in murine muscle SO BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells; mouse; skeletal muscle; cell culture; cell transplantation ID MARROW STROMAL CELLS; BONE-MARROW; IN-VIVO; NONHEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BRAIN; MICE; HEPATOCYTES; EXPRESSION; BLOOD AB We investigated hematopoietic capabilities of murine skeletal muscle using methylcellulose culture and transplantation into lethally irradiated mice. Muscle mononuclear cells (MNC) contained colony-forming cells and long-term engrafting cells. Studies using chimeric mice indicated a bone marrow origin of the hematopoietic cells in the muscle. We then separated muscle MNC by FACS sorting into Ly-5-positive cells and Ly-5-negative cells and analyzed their hematopoietic capability in vitro and in vivo. The hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells were present only in the Ly-5-positive fraction. (C) 2001 Academic Press. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK54197] NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1079-9796 J9 BLOOD CELL MOL DIS JI Blood Cells Mol. Dis. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 27 IS 3 BP 605 EP 609 DI 10.1006/bcmd.2001.0426 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 461QK UT WOS:000170374800006 PM 11482874 ER PT J AU Kraemer, DF Nelson, HD Bauer, DC Helfand, M AF Kraemer, DF Nelson, HD Bauer, DC Helfand, M TI Economic comparison of diagnostic approaches for evaluating osteoporosis in older women SO BONE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY PY 2001 VL 28 IS 5 SU S BP S241 EP S242 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 434PL UT WOS:000168825000770 ER PT J AU Peters, JH Carsons, S Kalunian, K Yoshida, M Ko, F McDougall, S Hahn, TJ AF Peters, JH Carsons, S Kalunian, K Yoshida, M Ko, F McDougall, S Hahn, TJ TI The alternatively spliced EIIIA segment is preferentially exposed to antibody recognition in an osteoarthritic synovial fluid fibronectin fragment species SO BONE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Sacramento VA Med Ctr, Mather, CA USA. Winthrop Univ Hosp, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY PY 2001 VL 28 IS 5 SU S BP S108 EP S108 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 434PL UT WOS:000168825000176 ER PT J AU Chansky, HA Hu, M Hickstein, DD Yang, L AF Chansky, HA Hu, M Hickstein, DD Yang, L TI Oncogenic TLS/ERG and EWS/Fli-1 fusion proteins inhibit RNA splicing mediated by YB-1 protein SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BINDING-PROTEIN; POLYMERASE-II; EWINGS-SARCOMA; GENE; TRANSCRIPTION; TRANSLOCATION; INTERACTS; LIPOSARCOMA; EXPRESSION; TLS/FUS AB The translocation liposarcoma protein TLS has recently been shown to function as an adapter molecule coupling gene transcription to RNA splicing. Here we demonstrate that YB-1, a protein known to play important roles in transcription and translation, interacts with the COOH-terminal domains of TLS and the structurally related Ewing's sarcoma protein EWS. Through this interaction, YB-1 is recruited to RNA polymerase II and promotes splicing of E1A pre-mRNA to the 13S isoform, This splicing function of YB-1 is inhibited by exogenous TLS/ERG or EWS/ Fli-1 fusion proteins, which bind to RNA polymerase II but fail to recruit the YB-1 protein. In Ewing's sarcoma cells that express endogenous EWS/Fli-1, this linkage between YB-1 and RNA pol II via EWS (or TLS) was found to be defective. Together, these results suggest that TLS and EWS fusion proteins may contribute to malignant transformation through disruption of RNA splicing mediated by TLS- and EWS-binding proteins such as YB-1. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Yang, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthoped, GMR-151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 20 TC 114 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 61 IS 9 BP 3586 EP 3590 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 428WV UT WOS:000168485400012 PM 11325824 ER PT J AU Margolis, ML AF Margolis, ML TI Musical snoring SO CHEST LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Margolis, ML (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 2001 VL 119 IS 5 BP 1621 EP 1622 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 432TH UT WOS:000168711400062 ER PT J AU Lindsey, M Wedin, K Brown, MD Keller, C Evans, AJ Smolen, J Burns, AR Rossen, RD Michael, L Entman, M AF Lindsey, M Wedin, K Brown, MD Keller, C Evans, AJ Smolen, J Burns, AR Rossen, RD Michael, L Entman, M TI Matrix-dependent mechanism of neutrophil-mediated release and activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in myocardial ischernia/reperfusion SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE metalloproteinases; ischemia; reperfusion; blood cells ID ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM; INHIBITOR BLOCKS; EARLY REPERFUSION; ALPHA RECEPTORS; CARDIAC LYMPH; GROWTH-FACTOR; TNF RECEPTOR; CELL BIOLOGY; NECROSIS; INJURY AB Background-A key component of reperfusion of myocardial infarction is an immediate inflammatory response. which enhances tissue repair. Matrix turnover is crucial to tissue repair, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes involved in matrix degradation. The hypothesis tested is that one inflammation-based effector of tissue repair is the secretion and activation of MMP-9 by infiltrating neutrophils, Methods and Results-Cardiac lymph and tissue were assayed for latent and active MMP-2 and MMP-9 by zymography and immunochemistry. Dual-labeling immunofluorescence determined the cellular source of MMP-9 protein. Isolated canine neutrophils were incubated with preischemic and postischemic cardiac lymph in the presence and absence of collagen-fibronectin pads, and the supernatants were assayed for latent and active MMP-9. MMP-9 increased during the first hours of reperfusion in both lymph supernatants and myocardial extracts, and this increase was of neutrophil origin. MMP-9 in the cardiac lymph remained latent but was activatable, In contrast, MMP-9 in the myocardium was in both latent and active forms. In situ zymography demonstrated that activated MMP-9 surrounded the infiltrated neutrophils. When postischemic cardiac lymph was incubated with neutrophils in vitro, MMP-9 secretion and activation occurred only in the presence of a collagen-fibronectin substrate; preischemic cardiac lymph did nor induce significant secretion or activation. Conclusions-Infiltrating neutrophils are an early source of MMP-9 after reperfusion, and a portion of MMP-9 in the myocardium is active. Infiltrating neutrophils may localize MMP-9 activation by secreting MMP-9 and as a source of activating proteases. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect, Houston, TX USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Speros P Martel Lab Leukocyte Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Cardiovasc Sci Sect, Dept Med, DeBakey Heart Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Immunol Res Lab, Houston, TX USA. RP Entman, M (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 1Baylor Plaza,MS F602, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Lindsey, Merry/B-2650-2012 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [1-T32-HL-07816-03, P01-HL-42550] NR 45 TC 147 Z9 160 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 103 IS 17 BP 2181 EP 2187 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 430PQ UT WOS:000168583700011 PM 11331260 ER PT J AU Vojta, C Kinosian, B Glick, H Altshuler, L Bauer, MS AF Vojta, C Kinosian, B Glick, H Altshuler, L Bauer, MS TI Self-reported quality of life across mood states in bipolar disorder SO COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DYSPHORIC MANIA; FOLLOW-UP; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; HYPOMANIA; ILLNESS; LITHIUM AB In distinction to the classic conceptualization of mania and hypomania, a growing body of work indicates that these episodes are not typically characterized by euphoric mood and sense of increased well-being, but rather by significant dysphoric symptoms. However, few data exist concerning self-perceived quality of life in mania or hypomania. Such data are important both for better understanding of the illness, and are particularly important for developing appropriate cost-utility studies. Accordingly, we hypothesized that two measures of self-reported quality of life, the mental subscale of the Short Form-12 (SF-12) and the Euro-Qol, would show reduced quality of life in patients in manic/hypomanic or mixed episodes, compared to those who were euthymic. Eighty-six patients with bipolar disorder from four Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers were assessed in a cross-sectional design. Mood state was categorized by physician diagnosis and separately by patient self-report using the Internal State Scale (ISS). Self-reported quality of life was quantified using the SF-12 and EuroQol. Findings were identical regardless of how mood state was determined. The SF-12 mental subscale and EuroQol differed significantly across mood states. Patients with mania/hypomania were either less than (SF-12 mental subscale) or equal to (EuroQol) euthymic patients, while patients in a mixed episode resembled those in a depressive episode on both indices. In contrast, SF-12 physical subscale scores showed no intergroup differences. These quality-of-life data provide further support for the conceptualization that mania and hypomania are syndromes characterized by reduced, rather than increased, sense of well-being and quality of life. Moreover, depressive symptoms appear to be the primary determinant of quality of life in bipolar disorder, although other factors may be associated with both depression and reduced quality of life in bipolar disorder. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 VAMC, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Bauer, MS (reprint author), VAMC, 116R, Providence, RI 02908 USA. NR 25 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0010-440X J9 COMPR PSYCHIAT JI Compr. Psychiat. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 42 IS 3 BP 190 EP 195 DI 10.1053/comp.2001.23143 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 428NL UT WOS:000168467700002 PM 11349236 ER PT J AU Schlesinger, N Schumacher, HR AF Schlesinger, N Schumacher, HR TI Goat: can management be improved? SO CURRENT OPINION IN RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID URATE LOWERING DRUGS; INTRAVENOUS COLCHICINE; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; GOUTY-ARTHRITIS; TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE; INTERVAL GOUT; SERUM URATE; HYPERURICEMIA; LEVEL; AZATHIOPRINE AB Ongoing reviews of Cochrane collaboration show that there is still very little reliable information based on randomized controlled trials on which to base treatment decisions in acute and chronic gout, Recent studies have stressed that avoidance of factors contributing to development of gouty attacks such as diuretic therapy, weight gain, and alcohol consumption may lead to a decrease in gouty arthritis. Attention to minidose aspirin and its effect on serum uric acid levels was addressed. A low carbohydrate, high protein and unsaturated fat diet was recommended for gouty patients since they all enhance insulin sensitivity and therefore may promote a reduction in serum uric acid levels. Treatment of gout in transplant recipients brings into focus some of the issues regarding management of gout, because gout is a common problem among transplant patients. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Rheumatol Sect, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Schlesinger, N (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Rheumatol Sect, Dept Med, 185 S Orange Ave,MSB 1-506, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. NR 41 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-8711 J9 CURR OPIN RHEUMATOL JI CURR. OPIN. RHEUMATOL. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 13 IS 3 BP 240 EP 244 DI 10.1097/00002281-200105000-00016 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 431CQ UT WOS:000168614700016 PM 11333356 ER PT J AU Levine, S Goldstein, AE Dahdouh, M Blank, P Hoffman, C Gropper, CA AF Levine, S Goldstein, AE Dahdouh, M Blank, P Hoffman, C Gropper, CA TI Cutaneous Acanthamoeba in a patient with AIDS: A case study with a review of new therapy SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID OPPORTUNISTIC AMEBAS; INFECTION AB Cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection is a rare opportunistic infection in immunocompromised persons. We report a case of a patient with AIDS who developed disseminated Acanthamoeba secondary to chronic acanthamoebic sinusitis and review recent literature regarding new treatments for this relatively hard-to-treat disease. C1 St Barnabas Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Bronx, NY USA. St Barnabas Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Bronx, NY USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Levine, S (reprint author), 1717 86th St, Brooklyn, NY 11214 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAY PY 2001 VL 67 IS 5 BP 377 EP 380 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 458YC UT WOS:000170222200005 PM 11381852 ER PT J AU Wrobel, JS Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE AF Wrobel, JS Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE TI Geographic variation of lower-extremity major amputation in individuals with and without diabetes in the Medicare population SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE-DELIVERY; ARTERIAL RECONSTRUCTION; FOOT CARE; RATES AB OBJECTIVE - To describe geographic variation in rates of lower-limb major amputation in Medicare patients with and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This cross-sectional population-based study used national fee-for-service Medicare claims from 1996 through 1997. The unit of analysis was 306 hospital referral regions (HRRs) representing health care markets for their respective tertiary medical centers Numerators were calculated rising nontraumatic major amputations and the diabetes code (250.x) for individuals with diabetes. Denominators for individuals with diabetes were created by multiplying the regional prevalence of diabetes (as determined using a 5% sample of Medicare Part B data identifying at least two visits with a diabetes code for 1995-1996) by the regional Medicare population. Denominators for individuals without diabetes were the remaining Medicare beneficiaries. Rates of major amputations were adjusted for age, sex, and race. RESULTS - Rates of major amputations per year were 3.83 per 1,000 (95% CI 3.60-4.06) individuals with diabetes compared with 0.38 per 1.000 (95% CI 0.35-0.41) individuals with out diabetes. Marked geographic variation was observed for individuals with and without diabetes: however, patterns were distinct between the two populations. Rates were high in the Southern and Atlantic states for individuals without diabetes. In contrast, rates for individuals with diabetes were widely varied. Variation across HRRs fur individuals with diabetes was 8.6-fold compared with 6.7-fold in individuals without diabetes for major amputations. CONCLUSIONS - Diabetes-related amputation rates exhibit high regional variation. even after age, sex, and race adjustment. Future work should be directed to exploring sources of this variation. C1 Vet Affairs Med & Reg Off Ctr, White River Junction, VT USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Amputat Prosthet & Limb Loss Preve, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv & Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Wrobel, JS (reprint author), VA White River Junct, Surg Serv 12, White River Junction, VT 05009 USA. NR 28 TC 99 Z9 103 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 2001 VL 24 IS 5 BP 860 EP 864 DI 10.2337/diacare.24.5.860 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 425VN UT WOS:000168312500013 PM 11347744 ER PT J AU Krahl, SE Senanayake, SS Handforth, A AF Krahl, SE Senanayake, SS Handforth, A TI Destruction of peripheral C-fibers does not alter subsequent vagus nerve stimulation-induced seizure suppression in rats SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE VNS; capsaicin; fibers; pentylenetetrazol; anticonvulsant; epilepsy ID CAPSAICIN; EPILEPSY; NEURONS AB Purpose: Early animal studies of the therapeutic mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) suggested that seizure suppression requires maximal activation of small, unmyelinated vagal C fibers. However, effective therapeutic stimulation parameters appear to be subthreshold for these fibers in humans, and there are no clinical reports of the autonomic side effects that would be expected if these fibers were maximally activated. We report here that selective destruction of C fibers with capsaicin does not affect VNS-induced seizure suppression in rats. Methods: Rats were pretreated with capsaicin or vehicle in three injections over a 2-day period. A cuff electrode was later implanted on the left cervical vagus nerve. Two days after surgery. VNS was given to half of the capsaicin- and vehicle- treated rats. The remaining rats were connected to the stimulator bur. did not receive VNS. Thirty seconds after VNS onset, seizures were induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), and seizure severity was measured. Two days later, the reciprocal VNS treatment was: given, and PTZ-induced seizure severity was again measured. Results: VNS effectively reduced seizure severity in both capsaicin- and vehicle-treated rats as compared with their non-VHS baselines. Conclusions: These results indicate that activation of vagal C fibers is not necessary for VNS-induced seizure suppression. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Krahl, SE (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurol Serv, Bldg 114,Suite 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 90 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD MAY PY 2001 VL 42 IS 5 BP 586 EP 589 DI 10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.09700.x PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 434VV UT WOS:000168837300002 PM 11380564 ER PT J AU Sayin, U Rutecki, PA Mellanby, J Sutula, TP AF Sayin, U Rutecki, PA Mellanby, J Sutula, TP TI Gamma-vinyl GABA reduces paired pulse inhibition in the rat dentate gyrus in vivo and in vitro SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE vigabatrin; GABA; hippocampus; inhibition; dentate gyrus; GVG ID ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; SINGLE-BLIND; IN-VIVO; VIGABATRIN; SEIZURES; PHARMACOLOGY; BRAIN; HIPPOCAMPUS; GABAPENTIN; PENTYLENETETRAZOL AB Gamma vinyl GABA (GVG), an irreversible GABA transaminase inhibitor, has anticonvulsant effects. GVG increases GABA levels in the brain by blocking its degradation, and is presumed to enhance GABAergic inhibition, however, in some cases it exacerbates seizures. We investigated the effects of GVG in vivo and in vitro on paired pulse inhibition (PPI) recorded in the rat dentate gyrus (DG) evoked by perforant path stimulation. At 2.5 h and 24 h after administration of GVG (1 g/kg, i.p.), there was a loss of PPI at both 15- and 25-ms interpulse intervals (IPI). Activation of presynaptic GABA(B) autoreceptors could explain this in vivo effect. We therefore further investigated the effects of co-application of GVG with the GABA(B) antagonists 2-OH saclofen (saclofen) or CCP 35348 (CGP) on PPI in hippocampal slices by in vitro study. Bath application of GVG (400 and 500 muM) not only resulted in a loss of perforant path evoked PPI at a 15-ms IPI, but produced facilitation of the second population spike relative to the first. Go-application of saclofen (250 muM) with GVG (500 muM) prevented facilitation of the second response of a paired-pulse. The facilitation of the second stimulation response produced by GVG (400 muM) was converted to inhibition by bath application of CGP 35348 (400 muM). These results suggest that activation of presynaptic GABA(B) receptors by increased extracellular GABA may be one of the contributing factors to the apparent paradoxical effect of GVG on PPI in the DG. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Neurosci Training Program, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Oxford, Dept Expt Psychol, Oxford OX1 3UD, England. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Sayin, U (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Neurol, H6-574,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 28580, NS25020] NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 44 IS 2-3 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(01)00200-5 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 438YE UT WOS:000169081200003 PM 11325567 ER PT J AU Faigel, DO AF Faigel, DO TI EUS in patients with benign and malignant lymphadenopathy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT EUS 2000 Meeting CY 2000 CL MONTE CAROL, MONACO ID FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION; LYMPH-NODE METASTASES; ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; ULTRASOUND; ACCURACY; ENDOSONOGRAPHY; CARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; FEATURES AB Background: The EUS appearance of lymph nodes in patients undergoing evaluation for malignancy was studied. Methods: In 378 patients EUS characteristics were assessed: size of tumor, largest lymph node size, number of lymph nodes, distance of lymph nodes from the tumor, and on a 5-point visual analogue scale(1 = least malignant to 5 = most malignant), roundness, homogeneity, and echogenicity, A morphology score (sum of roundness, homogeneity, and echogenicity) was calculated. Findings were compared with fine needle aspiration or surgical histopathology in 238 patients. Results: When using multivariate analysis, only lymph node size (1.4 +/- 0.1 cm vs. 1.7 +/- 0.1 cm, p = 0.001), distance from tumor (3.1 +/- 0.4 cm vs. 1.6 +/- 0.4 cm, p = 0.013), and morphology score (9.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 11.9 +/- 0.3, p = 0.001) for benign versus malignant lymph nodes (mean +/- SEM) were significant. Lymph node size was significant for esophageal cancer (p = 0.006) and other mediastinal lymph nodes (p = 0.007) but not for pancreaticobiliary malignancies (p = 0.1) or celiac lymph nodes (p = 0.4). Distance from the tumor was significant for pancreaticobiliary (p = 0.01) but not esophageal cancers (p = 0.7). Morphology was significant for all sites. The presence of at least one lymph node of 1 cm or greater within 1 cm of the tumor and with a morphology score of 14 or greater had a positive predictive value of 81% (prevalence = 13%). A morphology score of 6 or less had a negative predictive value of 92% (prevalence = 12%). Conclusions: Patients with malignant adenopathy have lymph nodes that are larger, closer to the primary tumor, rounder, darker, and more homogeneous than those of patients without malignant adenopathy. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Faigel, DO (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, P3G1,3710 SW Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 23 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 53 IS 6 BP 593 EP 598 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.114060 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 428DN UT WOS:000168446200010 PM 11323584 ER PT J AU Faigel, DO Hahn, M AF Faigel, DO Hahn, M TI Urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori - Response SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Letter ID NONINVASIVE TESTS; INFECTION C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Faigel, DO (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 53 IS 6 BP 700 EP 701 DI 10.1067/mge.2001.114332 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 428DN UT WOS:000168446200045 ER PT J AU Woody, GE VanEtten-Lee, ML McKirnan, D Donnell, D Metzger, D Seage, G Gross, M AF Woody, GE VanEtten-Lee, ML McKirnan, D Donnell, D Metzger, D Seage, G Gross, M CA HIVNET VPS 001 Protocol Team TI Substance use among men who have sex with men: Comparison with a national household survey SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE substance use; MSM ID HOMOSEXUAL MEN; DRUG-USE; RISK BEHAVIOR; NITRITE INHALANTS; HIV-INFECTION; GAY MEN; AIDS; ALCOHOL; SEROCONVERSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Objective: Compare substance use among men who have sex with men (MSM) at high risk for HIV infection to a nationally representative sample of heterosexual men. Methods: Compare data from surveys of 3,212 MSM recruited for participation in a Vaccine Preparedness Study (VPS) with an age-standardized group of 2481 single, urban-dwelling men from the 1995 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA). Results: Except for alcohol, relative risk (RR [95% confidence interval (CI)I) for use of any substance was higher in the VPS than the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) (3.64 [3.01-4.42]). Drugs with the highest relative risks were "poppers" (21.6 [15.2-30.8]), sedatives (6.98 [2.46-19.8]), hallucinogens (6.14 [4.61-8.17]), tranquilizers (4.99 [2.96-8.42]), and stimulants (4.47 [3.58-5.58]), RR was higher for weekly use of poppers (33.5 [12.5-89.6]), stimulants (2.75 [1.79-4.22]), marijuana (2.37 [1.93-2.92]), and cocaine (2.24 [1.32-3.79]); and for daily use of marijuana (1.49 [1.08-2.05]). Conclusions: Participants in the VPS used more substances than a group of age-standardized, single, urban-dwelling men from the NHSDA. In view of previous data showing that substance use can be associated with unprotected sex, assessing substance use among MSM at high risk for HIV infection is an important component of risk reduction efforts. C1 Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver, CO USA. Fenway Community Hlth Ctr, Boston, MA USA. New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. NYU, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Woody, GE (reprint author), Treatment Res Inst, 600 Publ Ledger Bldg,1500 Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. RI Metzger, David/D-9499-2012 OI Donnell, Deborah/0000-0002-0587-7480 FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1RR00096]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI27742, N01-AI-35176, N01-AI-45200]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA05593, 5T32DA07292, P50DA05186, T32 DA07292] NR 20 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD MAY 1 PY 2001 VL 27 IS 1 BP 86 EP 90 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 442YJ UT WOS:000169312300013 PM 11404525 ER PT J AU Choi, SJ Han, JH Roodman, GD AF Choi, SJ Han, JH Roodman, GD TI ADAM8: A novel osteoclast stimulating factor SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ADAM8; macrophage colony-stimulating factor; polymerase chain reaction; osteoclasts ID LARGE T-ANTIGEN; BCL-X-L; BONE-RESORPTION; METALLOPROTEASE DOMAIN; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; DISINTEGRIN; FAMILY; CELL; GENE; IDENTIFICATION AB We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-selective complementary DNA (cDNA) subtraction hybridization with an immortalized murine osteoclast (OCL) precursor cell line to identify genes that are highly expressed in OCLs compared with OCL precursors and which map be involved in the OCL differentiation process. ADAM8 was one of the 50 genes identified. ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) peptides are membrane-bound proteins that can act as cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion molecules, degrade the extracellular matrix, and play a role in tissue morphogenesis, Addition of antisense (AS) S-oligonucleotides for ADAM8 (1-10 nM) to mouse bone marrow cultures treated with 10(-9) Ri 1,25-dihgdroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25(OH)(2)D-3] significantly inhibited OCL formation compared with treatment with the control S-oligonucleotide, Furthermore, conditioned media from 293 cells transiently transfected with a secretable form of the ADAM8 cDNA increased OCL formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment of OCLs with soluble ADAM8 conditioned media significantly increased pit formation per dentin slice compared with control OCLs. Time course studies indicated that ADAM8 increased OCL formation only when it was present during days 4-7 of the 7-day culture period. Structural analysis, using truncated constructs of ADAM8, showed that the cysteine-rich/disintegrin domain was responsible for its OCL stimulatory activity, Western blot analysis confirmed that the soluble form of ADAM8 is present in normal marrow cultures, These data suggest that ADAM8 plays an important role in OCL formation and acts primarily at the later stages of OCL differentiation. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Han, J/G-4671-2010 NR 22 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 16 IS 5 BP 814 EP 822 DI 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.814 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 423WV UT WOS:000168201500003 PM 11341326 ER PT J AU Ohta, K Endo, T Haraguchi, K Hershman, JM Onaya, T AF Ohta, K Endo, T Haraguchi, K Hershman, JM Onaya, T TI Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CANCER CELLS; IN-VITRO; C-MYC; EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; FIBROBLASTS; MANAGEMENT; LINES AB Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) induce apoptosis and exert antiproliferative effects on several carcinoma cell lines. The present study investigates the expression of PPAR gamma and the possibility that agonists for PPAR gamma, also inhibit the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells. We examined this hypothesis using six cell lines, designated BHP thyroid carcinoma cells, which originated from patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the thyroid carcinoma cell lines BHP2-7, 7-13, 10-3, and 18-21 express PPAR gamma. More PPAR gamma was expressed in carcinoma than in adjacent normal thyroid tissue in three of six samples of human papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. PPAR gamma -positive thyroid carcinoma cells were treated with agonists of PPAR gamma, troglitazone, BRL 49653, and 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2. Troglitazone (10 mu mol/L), BRL 49653 (10 mu mol/L), and 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (1 mug/mL) decreased [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and reduced cell number, respectively, in BHP carcinoma cell lines that expressed PPAR gamma. Under low serum conditions, ligands for PPAR gamma induced condensation of the nucleus and fragmentation of chromatin into nucleosome ladders. These findings indicate that the death of thyroid carcinoma cells is a form of apoptosis. To investigate the molecular mechanism of the apoptosis, we assessed expression of the apoptosis-regulatory genes bcl-2, bar, and c-myc. Troglitazone significantly increased the expression of c-myc messenger RNA but had no effect on the expression of bcl-2 and bar in thyroid carcinoma cells. These results suggest that, at least in part, the induction of apoptosis in human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells may be due to an increase of c-myc. Troglitazone (500 mg/kg.day) significantly inhibited tumor growth and prevented distant metastasis of BHP18-21 tumors in nude mice in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that PPAR gamma agonist inhibit cell growth of some types of human thyroid cancer. C1 Yamanashi Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 3, Yamanashi 4093898, Japan. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Endocrine Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Onaya, T (reprint author), Yamanashi Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 3, 1110 Shimo Kato Tamaho, Yamanashi 4093898, Japan. EM onayat@res.yamanashi-med.ac.jp NR 23 TC 164 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 86 IS 5 BP 2170 EP 2177 DI 10.1210/jc.86.5.2170 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 432ZV UT WOS:000168731600053 PM 11344222 ER PT J AU Barret, JE Williams, JW Oxman, TE Frank, E Katon, W Sullivan, M Hegel, MT Cornell, JE Sengupta, AS AF Barret, JE Williams, JW Oxman, TE Frank, E Katon, W Sullivan, M Hegel, MT Cornell, JE Sengupta, AS TI Treatment of dysthymia and minor depression in primary care - A randomized trial in patients aged 18 to 59 years SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE depressive disorder; monor depression [non-MESH]; dysitymia [non-MESH]; paroxetine; behavioral treatment [non-MESH]; depression; behavioral treatment paroxetine ID PROBLEM-SOLVING TREATMENT; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; COMORBIDITY; DISABILITY; PHYSICIANS; PLACEBO; HEALTH AB OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effectiveness of paroxetine and Problem-Solving Treatment for Primary Care (PST-PC) for patients with minor depression or dysthymia. STUDY DESIGN This was an 11-week randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in primary care practices in 2 communities (Lebanon, NH, and Seattle, Wash). Paroxetine (n=80) or placebo (n=81) therapy was started at 10 mg per day and increased to a maximum 40 mg per day, or PST-PC was provided (n=80). There were 6 scheduled visits for all treatment conditions. POPULATION We included a total of 241 primary care patients with minor depression (n=114) or dysthymia (n=127). Of these, 191 patients (79.3%) completed all treatment visits. OUTCOMES We measured depressive symptoms using the 20-item Hopkins Depression Scale (HSCL-D-20). Remission was scored on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) as less than or equal to 6 at 11 weeks. We measured functional status with the physical health component (PHC) and mental health component (MHC) of the 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short Form. RESULTS All treatment conditions showed a significant decline in depressive symptoms over the Ii-week period. There were no significant differences between the interventions or by diagnosis. For dysthymia the remission rate for paroxetine (80%) and PST-PC (57%) was significantly higher than for placebo (44%, P=.008). The remission rate was high for minor depression (64%) and similar for each treatment group, For the MHC there were significant outcome differences related to baseline level for paroxetine compared with placebo, For the PHC there were no significant differences between the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS For dysthymia, paroxetine and PST-PC improved remission compared with placebo plus nonspecific clinical management. Results varied for the other outcomes measured. For minor depression, the 3 interventions were equally effective; general clinical management (watchful waiting) is an appropriate treatment option. C1 Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Geriatr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Barret, JE (reprint author), Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, 7250 Strasenburgh, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 36 TC 123 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 10 PU DOWDEN PUBLISHING CORP PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 50 IS 5 BP 405 EP 412 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 431JL UT WOS:000168628000003 PM 11350703 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Leong, GB Weinstock, R Ruiz-Sweeney, M AF Silva, JA Leong, GB Weinstock, R Ruiz-Sweeney, M TI Delusional misidentification and aggression in Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; Capgras syndrome; syndrome of intermetamorphosis; delusional misidentification; aggression; violence; dementia; Alzheimer's disease; psychosis ID CAPGRAS-SYNDROME; BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES; PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS; DEMENTIA SUFFERERS; FREGOLI SYNDROME; CLASSIFICATION; PHENOMENOLOGY; RISPERIDONE; PREVALENCE; AGITATION AB Alzheimer's disease has: been associated with serious behavioral disturbances including aggressive behaviors and agitation. Aggression in dementia of the Alzheimer's type may be associated with psychotic symptoms, particularly delusional misidentification phenomena. These phenomena are complex and varied in Alzheimer's disease and so far have been only rudimentarily described. In this paper, we explore the association of delusional misidentification and aggression in an individual suffering from Alzheimer's disease. C1 Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Western State Hosp, Ctr Forens Serv, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angles Vet Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 46 IS 3 BP 581 EP 585 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 451JC UT WOS:000169798100015 PM 11372992 ER PT J AU Webster, C Tiribelli, C Ostrow, JD AF Webster, C Tiribelli, C Ostrow, JD TI An improved method for isolation of unconjugated bilirubin from rat and dog bile SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BINDING AB Radiolabeled unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is currently prepared by biosynthetic labeling of bilirubin in fistula bile from precursor-labeled delta -aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in rats or dogs. With existing methods, yields of labeled UCB from the bile are generally less than 50%. We here report modifications of the original method of Ostrow et al (Ostrow JD: Hammaker L, Schmid R. The preparation of crystalline bilirubin-C-14. J Clin invest 1961;40: 1442-52) that result in improvement of yields to 72% from both dog and rat bile. The modifications include the initial deproteination of bile with a reverse-phase C18 cartridge, removal of ethanol before alkaline hydrolysis to avoid esterification of UCB, and adjustments for the high proportion of non-glucuronide UCB conjugates in dog bile not precipitated as lead salts. These improvements should save significantly on both costs and animal usage. C1 Northwestern Univ, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Vet Affairs Lakeside Med Ctr, Res Serv, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Trieste, Dept Biochem Biophys & Chem Macromol, Trieste, Italy. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol Hepatol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Ostrow, JD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, GI Hepatol Lab, Seattle Div, 151L,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 137 IS 5 BP 370 EP 373 DI 10.1067/mlc.2001.114544 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 432JT UT WOS:000168689000009 PM 11329535 ER PT J AU Sangeorzan, BJ AF Sangeorzan, BJ TI Guest editorial - Limb loss prevention and prosthetic engineering SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Limb Loss Ctr Excellence, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Sangeorzan, BJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Limb Loss Ctr Excellence, 1660 S Columbian Way,152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP VI EP VII PG 2 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100001 PM 11440268 ER PT J AU Choudhury, SR Reiber, GE Pecoraro, JA Czerniecki, JM Smith, DG Sangeorzan, BJ AF Choudhury, SR Reiber, GE Pecoraro, JA Czerniecki, JM Smith, DG Sangeorzan, BJ TI Postoperative management of transtibial amputations in VA hospitals SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE immediate postoperative prostheses; removable rigid dressings; rigid dressings; soft dressings; transtibial amputations AB Rigid plaster dressings and immediate postoperative prostheses (IPOP) in patients undergoing transtibial amputations have been reported to reduce pain and healing time, prevent knee flexion contractures, and expedite early ambulation compared to soft dressings. Yet, despite the reported benefits, surgical adoption of (conventional) rigid dressings a.nd IPOP has been inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine the current postoperative transtibial amputation dressing practices in VA hospitals. A six-item questionnaire was sent to 134 surgeons at the 117 VA hospitals where transtibial amputations were performed in fiscal year 1999. Responses were received from 83% of the surgeons. During the 1999 study year, surgeons performing transtibial amputations used soft dressings on 67% of patients, conventional rigid dressings with no intent to apply a foot attachment on 14% of patients, removable rigid dressings on 14% of patients, and IPOP (almost exclusively without a foot) on 5% of patients. The application of a rigid dressing or IPOP did not correlate well with the total number of transtibial amputations performed by the surgeon, hospital bed size, or academic affiliation. C1 VA Puget Sound Health Care Syst, Hlth Serv R&D 152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Health Care Syst, VA Ctr Excellence Limb Loss Prevent & Prosthet En, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Sports Med & Rehabil, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Reiber, GE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Health Care Syst, Hlth Serv R&D 152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 4 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 293 EP 298 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100003 PM 11440260 ER PT J AU Reiber, GE Smith, DG Carter, J Fotieo, G Deery, HG Sangeorzan, JA Lavery, L Pugh, J Peter-Riesch, B Assal, JP del Aguila, M Diehr, P Patrick, DL Boyko, EJ AF Reiber, GE Smith, DG Carter, J Fotieo, G Deery, HG Sangeorzan, JA Lavery, L Pugh, J Peter-Riesch, B Assal, JP del Aguila, M Diehr, P Patrick, DL Boyko, EJ TI A comparison of diabetic foot ulcer patients managed in VHA and non-VHA settings SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE amputation; diabetes mellitus; diabetic foot; foot ulcers; treatment; wound healing ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; LIMB AMPUTATION; MELLITUS AB Objective: To compare patients with diabetes and new onset foot ulcers treated in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and non-VHA settings. Methods: The treatment of patients with new onset diabetic foot ulcers was prospectively monitored in three VHA and three non-VHA hospitals and outpatient settings until ulcer healing, amputation, or death. Results: Of the 302 individuals enrolled in this study, 47% were veterans receiving VHA care. There: were no significant differences between veterans and nonveterans in baseline wound classification, diabetes severity, or comorbid conditions. Veterans received significantly fewer sharp debridements, total contact casts, and custom inserts than their nonveteran counterparts, and they had significantly more x-rays, local saline irrigations, IV antibiotics, and prescriptions for bed rest. The percentage of amputations was higher in veterans but did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusions: Many commonly held stereotypes of veteran men were not found. Veterans and nonveterans with foot ulcers were similar in terms of health and foot history, diabetes severity, and comorbid conditions. There was considerable variation in treatment of diabetic foot ulcers between VHA and non-VHA care. Yet this variation did not result in statistically significant differences in ulcer outcomes. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Reiber, GE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X; Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 309 EP 317 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100005 PM 11440262 ER PT J AU Legro, MW Reiber, GE Czerniecki, JM Sangeorzan, BJ AF Legro, MW Reiber, GE Czerniecki, JM Sangeorzan, BJ TI Recreational activities of lower-limb amputees with prostheses SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE lower-limb amputee; lower-limb prosthesis; physical function; recreational activities AB Ninety-two (92) persons with lower-limb amputations who regularly used prostheses responded to a survey that included questions about preferred recreational activities. This article describes the variety of activities selected by these men and women aged 20 to 87 years. Of the activities that were of high importance, 74% to 88% could be performed. Those activities assigned moderate to low importance were less often reported as able to be performed. The activities that require high energy level were more problematic for performance. The diversity of identified activities (n = 166) underscores the value of learning about amputees' activity preferences when making prosthetic prescription decisions. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Ctr Excellence Limb Loss Prevent & Prosthet En, RR&D, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. HSR&D, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Phys Med & Rehabil, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthoped & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Legro, MW (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 5 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 319 EP 325 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100006 PM 11440263 ER PT J AU Digiovanni, CW Holt, S Czerniecki, JM Ledoux, WR Sangeorzan, BJ AF Digiovanni, CW Holt, S Czerniecki, JM Ledoux, WR Sangeorzan, BJ TI Can the presence of equinus contracture be established by physical exam alone? SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE contracture; equinus; gastrocnemius ID LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY; DIABETIC FOOT ULCERATION; CEREBRAL-PALSY; ANKLE; NEUROPATHY; PRESSURES; DEFORMITY; CHILDREN; STRENGTH; MUSCLE AB The condition in which ankle dorsiflexion is restricted is known as equinus contracture (EC). Equinus contracture is purported to be associated with a number of clinical conditions. However, there are no data to support or refute a clinician's ability to diagnose EC by clinical exam. We prospectively evaluated the maximum ankle dorsiflexion with the knee fully extended in 68 people (34 patients with isolated fore- or midfoot pain and 34 asymptomatic subjects) both by clinical exam and by a custom-designed ankle goniometer. We compared the likelihood of agreement of the clinical impression (equinus, no equinus) to the maximum ankle dorsiflexion measured with the instrument at two different numerical definitions of EC (less than or equal to5 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees of maximum dorsiflexion). When all subjects were included and equinus defined as less than or equal to5 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion, a clinician's ability to detect the equinus when it is truly present is 77.8%. If equinus is defined as less than or equal to 10 degrees, this ability increases to 97.2%. Alternatively, if equinus is not present, as defined by less than or equal to5 degrees, then a clinician's ability to correctly diagnose no equinus is 93.8%. If equinus is defined to less than or equal to 10 degrees, this ability decreases to 68.8%. C1 RR&D Ctr Excellence Limb Loss Prevent & Prosthet, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthoped & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sangeorzan, BJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Limb Loss Ctr Excellence, 1660 S Columbian Way,152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Ledoux, William/K-6815-2015 OI Ledoux, William/0000-0003-4982-7714 NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 335 EP 340 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100008 PM 11440265 ER PT J AU Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Maynard, C Czerniecki, JM Caps, MT Sangeorzan, BJ AF Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Maynard, C Czerniecki, JM Caps, MT Sangeorzan, BJ TI Survival following lower-limb amputation in a veteran population SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE amputation; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; epidemiology; race; renal disease; survival; veterans ID LOWER-EXTREMITY; MORTALITY; AMPUTEES; GANGRENE; AFFAIRS AB Goal: We sought to describe the common demographic and comorbid conditions that affect survival following nontraumatic amputation. Methods: Veterans Administration hospital discharge records for 1992 were linked with death records. The most proximal level during the first hospitalization in 1992 was used for analysis. Demographic information (age, race) and comorbid diagnosis (cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal disease) were used for Kaplan-Meier curves to describe survival following amputation. Main Outcome Measure: Death. Results: Mortality risk increased with advanced age, more proximal amputation level, and renal and cardiovascular disease, and decreased for African Americans. No increased risk for persons: with diabetes was noted in the first year following amputation but the risk increased thereafter A higher risk of mortality in the first year was noted for renal disease, cardiovascular disease,;md proximal amputation level. Conclusion: Survival following lower-limb amputation is impaired by advancing age, cardiovascular and renal disease, and proximal amputation level. Also, a small survival advantage is seen for African Americans and those with diabetes. C1 Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Amputat Prosthet & Limb Loss Preve, Seattle, WA USA. Seattle Epidemiol Res Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Sangeorzan, BJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Limb Loss Ctr Excellence, 1660 S Columbia Way 152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 18 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 341 EP 345 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100009 PM 11440266 ER PT J AU Mayfield, JA Caps, MT Reiber, GE Maynard, C Czerniecki, JM Sangeorzan, BJ AF Mayfield, JA Caps, MT Reiber, GE Maynard, C Czerniecki, JM Sangeorzan, BJ TI Trends in peripheral vascular procedures in the Veterans Health Administration, 1989-1998 SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE angioplasty; diabetes; epidemiology; vascular bypass; veterans ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATION; BYPASS-SURGERY; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; AFFAIRS AB Objective: To assess trends in peripheral vascular procedures performed in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities. Methods: All discharges with peripheral vascular procedures recorded for 1989-1998 were analyzed. The VHA user population was used to calculate age-specific rates. Trends were evaluated using frequency tables and Poisson regression. Results: The VHA had 55,916 discharges with peripheral vascular procedures performed almost exclusively in men. Indications included peripheral vascular disease (53.7%), gangrene (19.3%), surgical complications (13.3%), and ulcers and infection (9.6%). The VHA age- specific rates were higher than US population rates for persons 45 to 64 years, similar for those 65 to 74 years, and lower for those 75 years and older. The age-specific rates declined slightly over the 10 years of observation, with the greatest decline noted in men age 45 to 65. Conclusion: The VHA provides almost 8% of all US peripheral vascular procedures in males. The WA age-specific rates differ from the US rates with a shift to younger patients. The rates decreased for all age groups between 1989-1998. C1 Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Prosthet Engn & Limb Loss Prevent,, Seattle, WA USA. VA Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, ERIC, Seattle, WA USA. RP Sangeorzan, BJ (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Limb Loss Ctr Excellence, 1660 S Columbian Way,152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 38 IS 3 BP 347 EP 356 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 445HM UT WOS:000169452100010 PM 11440267 ER PT J AU Friedlander, AH Mahler, ME AF Friedlander, AH Mahler, ME TI Major depressive disorder - Psychopathology, medical management and dental implications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME; CHRONIC FACIAL-PAIN; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR PAIN; DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME; DRUG-INTERACTIONS; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; INDUCED BRUXISM; LATE-LIFE AB Background. Major depressive disorder, or MDD, is a psychiatric illness in which mood, thoughts and behavioral patterns are impaired for long periods. The illness distresses the person and impairs his or her social functioning and quality of life. MDD is characterized by marked sadness or a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities, and is accompanied by weight change, sleep disturbance, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, physical impairment and a high suicide rate. In 2000, the World Health Organization, or WHO, identified MDD as the fourth ranked cause of disability and premature death in the world. WHO projected that by 2020, MDD would rise in disease burden to be second only to ischemic heart disease. The disorder is common in the United States, with a life-time prevalence rate of 17 percent and a recurrence rate of more than 50 percent. Conclusions. MDD may be associated with extensive dental disease, and people may seek dental treatment before becoming aware of their psychiatric illness. MDD frequently is associated with a disinterest in performing appropriate oral hygiene techniques, a cariogenic diet, diminished salivary flow, rampant dental caries, advanced periodontal disease and oral dysesthesias. Many medications used-to treat the disease magnify the xerostomia-and increase the incidence of dental disease. Appropriate dental management requires a vigorous dental education program, the use of saliva substitutes and anticaries agents containing fluoride, and special precautions when prescribing or administering analgesics and local anesthetics. Clinical Implications. Dentists cognizant of these signs and symptoms have occult MDD. After confirmation of the diagnosis and institution of treatment by a mental health practitioner, dentists usually can provide a full range of services that may enhance patients' self-esteem and contribute to the psychotherapeutic aspect of management. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 1, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Hosp Dent Serv, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Friedlander, AH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst 1, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 74 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 132 IS 5 BP 629 EP 638 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 431UT UT WOS:000168650700018 PM 11367967 ER PT J AU Espino, DV Lichtenstein, MJ Palmer, RF Hazuda, HP AF Espino, DV Lichtenstein, MJ Palmer, RF Hazuda, HP TI Ethnic differences in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores: Where you live makes a difference SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Mexican Americans; Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); ethnic differences ID MEXICAN-AMERICANS; SOCIOCULTURAL STATUS; DEMENTIA; POPULATION; DEPRESSION; ASSOCIATION; VALIDATION; EDUCATION; VERSION; HEALTH AB OBJECTIVES: To examine differences in correlates of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in a population-based sample of older Mexican Americans and European Americans and to provide empirical validation of the MMSE as an indicator of cognitive impairment in survey research in older Mexican Americans by comparing MMSE classification against performance on timed tasks with varying levels of cognitive demand. DESIGN: A population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: Trained bilingual staff administered the MMSE as part of the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA) home-based assessment battery. PARTICIPANTS: 827 community-dwelling Mexican Americans and European Americans, 65 and older, residing in three socioeconomically and culturally distinct neighborhoods (barrio, transitional, suburban). MEASUREMENTS: The MMSE was compared against a variety of demographic, biomedical, and sociocultural variables ascertained by self-report and against performance-based measures of functional tasks representing varying levels of cognitive demand (Structured Assessment of Independent Living Skills (SAILS) subscales for food manipulation and money management). RESULTS: Mexican Americans were 2.2 times more likely than European Americans to have MMSE scores < 24, Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that neighborhood was an independent predictor of low MMSE scores in Mexican Americans, with the relationship between ethnic group and MMSE explained by neighborhood. After adjusting for neighborhood type, no differences were noted between Mexican Americans and European Americans. Independent of other factors examined, low education was associated with low MMSE scores in both Mexican Americans and European Americans. Mexican Americans with MMSE scores < 24 took significantly longer to complete four out of: five performance-based food manipulation tasks and all three money management tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood typo was a predictor of cognitive impairment. Education affected MMSE scores similarly in both ethnic groups. MMSE scores < 24, indicative of cognitive impairment, were uniformly associated with functional impairment in both the Mexican Americans and European Americans. Among older Mexican Americans, MMSE-classified cognitive impairment was significantly associated with poorer performance on timed tasks with varying levels of cognitive demand independent of ether correlates. A similar pattern of association was observed in European Americans. Thus, the MMSE appears to be a valid indicator of cognitive impairment in survey research in both older Mexican Americans and European Americans. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Practice, Div Commun Geriatr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hazuda, HP (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr,MC 7873, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-ROI-AG10444] NR 38 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 49 IS 5 BP 538 EP 548 DI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49111.x PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 436DV UT WOS:000168922000005 PM 11380745 ER PT J AU Kominski, G Andersen, R Bastani, R Gould, R Hackman, C Huang, D Jarvik, L Maxwell, A Moye, J Olsen, E Rohrbaugh, R Rosansky, J Taylor, S Van Stone, W AF Kominski, G Andersen, R Bastani, R Gould, R Hackman, C Huang, D Jarvik, L Maxwell, A Moye, J Olsen, E Rohrbaugh, R Rosansky, J Taylor, S Van Stone, W TI UPBEAT: The impact of a psychogeriatric intervention in VA medical centers SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE mental health; veterans; costs; comorbid conditions ID MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT; SF-36 HEALTH SURVEY; GENERAL-POPULATION; SYMPTOMATIC DEPRESSION; ELDERLY PATIENTS; MENTAL-HEALTH; COST-OFFSET; CARE COSTS; OUTCOMES AB BACKGROUND. The Unified Psychogeriatric Biopsychosocial Evaluation and Treatment (UPBEAT) program provides individualized interdisciplinary mental health treatment and care coordination to elderly veterans whose comorbid depression, anxiety, or alcohol abuse may result in overuse of inpatient services and underuse of outpatient services, OBJECTIVES. TO determine whether proactive screening of hospitalized patients can identify unrecognized comorbid psychiatric conditions and whether comprehensive assessment and psychogeriatric intervention can improve care while reducing inpatient use. DESIGN, Randomized trial, SUBJECTS. Veterans aged 60 and older hospitalized for nonpsychiatric medical or surgical treatment in 9 VA sites (UPBEAT, 814; usual care, 873). MEASURES. The Mental Health Inventory (MHI) anxiety and depression subscales, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores, RAND 36-Item Health Survey Short Form (SF-36), inpatient days and costs, ambulatory care clinic stops and costs, and mortality and readmission rates. RESULTS. Mental health and general health status scores improved equally from baseline to 12-month follow-up in both groups. UPBEAT increased outpatient costs by $1,171 (P <0.001) per patient, but lowered inpatient costs by $3,027 (P = 0.017), for an overall savings of $1,856 (P = 0.156), Inpatient savings were attributable to fewer bed days of care (3.30 days; P = 0.016) rather than fewer admissions. Patients with 1 or more pre-enrollment and postenrollment hospitalizations had the greatest overall savings ($6,015; P = 0.069), CONCLUSIONS, UPBEAT appears to accelerate the transition from inpatient to outpatient care for acute nonpsychiatric admissions. Care coordination and increased access to ambulatory psychiatric services produces similar improvement in mental health and general health status as usual care. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Policy Res, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Stat Comp Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Royal Melbourne Hosp, Dept Anesthesia, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brockton, MA USA. Miami VAMC, GREEC, Miami, FL USA. VA Connecticut HealthCare Syst, West Haven, CT USA. VA Natl Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Kominski, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Policy Res, Sch Publ Hlth, 10911 Weyburn Ave,Ste 300, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RI Moye, Jennifer/F-2240-2017 OI Moye, Jennifer/0000-0002-3434-347X NR 56 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAY PY 2001 VL 39 IS 5 BP 500 EP 512 DI 10.1097/00005650-200105000-00010 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 426TN UT WOS:000168364600010 PM 11317098 ER PT J AU Staab, JP Datto, CJ Weinrieb, RM Gariti, P Rynn, M Evans, DL AF Staab, JP Datto, CJ Weinrieb, RM Gariti, P Rynn, M Evans, DL TI Detection and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders in primary medical care settings SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-COMORBIDITY-SURVEY; CATCHMENT-AREA SITES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MENTAL-DISORDERS; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION; ANXIETY DISORDERS; ALCOHOL-PROBLEMS; UNITED-STATES; OLDER ADULTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB During the last decade, an increasing amount of research has focused on developing efficient and reliable methods for detecting and diagnosing psychiatric disorders within the practical constraints of day-to-day primary medical practice. Specifically, clinical investigators have translated the psychiatric nomenclature into streamlined assessment tools that are geared toward the most common psychiatric illnesses in primary care populations. This article reviews the most effective of these tools for depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, and substance-related problems. In each section, special attention is paid to the challenge of diagnosing these illnesses in older individuals. C1 Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Staab, JP (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Founders Pavilion F11-015,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Staab, Jeffrey/B-8792-2015 OI Staab, Jeffrey/0000-0002-1516-3131 NR 75 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 8 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 85 IS 3 BP 579 EP + DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70330-8 PG 19 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 431BA UT WOS:000168611000003 PM 11349474 ER PT J AU Raskind, MA Peskind, ER AF Raskind, MA Peskind, ER TI Alzheimer's disease and related disorders SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; LEWY BODY DEMENTIA; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES; CONTROLLED MULTICENTER; CHOLINERGIC NEURONS; SENILE DEMENTIA; SELECTIVE LOSS; DEPRESSION AB Better understanding of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and results of empiric trials in AD of drugs effective for behavioral disturbances in younger nondemented patients have provided useful guidelines for the management of the cognitive deficits and noncognitive behavioral disturbances expressed in this increasingly common disorder. The cholinesterase inhibitors modestly improve cognitive function and stabilize cognitive and functional decline. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants seem effective and well-tolerated for treatment of depression in AD. The atypical antipsychotics are effective for psychosis and disruptive agitation, and they are better tolerated. than typical antipsychotics, particularly in the Lewy body variant of AD. Increased understanding of the pathogenesis of AD has stimulated promising new approaches toward the ultimate goal of disease prevention. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Alzheimer Dis Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Raskind, MA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 66 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 85 IS 3 BP 803 EP + DI 10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70341-2 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 431BA UT WOS:000168611000014 PM 11349485 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Baron, J Asch, DA AF Ubel, PA Baron, J Asch, DA TI Preference for equity as a framing effect SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article DE survey; public attitudes; equity; framing effect ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; HEALTH-CARE; EFFICIENCY; DECISION; OREGON; QALYS; RISK; LIFE AB Background In previous studies, the authors found that most people, given a fixed budget, would rather offer a less effective screening test to 100% of a Medicaid population than a more effective test to 50% of the population. In a subsequent study, the authors found that the number of people preferring the less effective screening test was dramatically reduced when the percentage of Medicaid enrollees receiving it was less than 100. In this article, 2 new studies are reported that explore whether people's preferences for equity versus efficiency are susceptible to a framing effect. Methods. In 2 studies, the authors presented subjects with multiple scenarios involving screening tests that vary in the proportion of people who could receive the tests within a budget constraint and the number of people whose lives each test would save. Across scenarios, the proportion of Medicaid enrollees who could receive each test was varied, as was the question of whether scenarios involved Medicaid enrollees from the same or a different state. In addition, the authors varied the order in which subjects received the scenarios. Results. In the 1st study, people's preferences for equity over efficiency varied significantly depending on the way situations were framed. Preference for equity was stronger when the more widely distributed choice covered the entire population than when it covered only half the population (P < 0.001). In addition, people's preferences were susceptible to order effects, with preference for equity being significantly stronger when the 1 st scenario received by subjects involved 1 screening test that could be offered to the entire population (P < 0.001). In the 2nd study, preferences for equity over efficiency diminished even when the different framings were descriptions of identical circumstances-preference for equity was significantly reduced when the population to be screened was framed broadly, in terms of the percentage of patients across 2 states who could receive testing rather than narrowly, in terms of the percentages of patients in 1 state who could receive testing (P = 0.04). Conclusion. Policy planners should be careful about accepting public preferences for equity over efficiency at face value, because such preferences can be dramatically influenced by framing effects and order effects. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 300 N Ingalls,Room 7C27, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA 78052-01] NR 30 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 180 EP 189 DI 10.1177/02729890122062479 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 469EN UT WOS:000170801800003 PM 11386625 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G Hershey, J Baron, J Mohr, T Asch, DA Jepson, C AF Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G Hershey, J Baron, J Mohr, T Asch, DA Jepson, C TI Do nonpatients underestimate the quality of life associated with chronic health conditions because of a focusing illusion? SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article DE general public survey; utility measurement; quality of life measurement ID DURABILITY BIAS; RESPONSE SHIFT AB Background A number of studies show that the general public often estimates that the quality of life (QOL) associated with various health conditions is worse than patients say it is. These studies raise the possibility that people overestimate the impact that unfamiliar health conditions will have on their quality of life. One possible reason people overestimate this is because they are susceptible to a focusing illusion-when asked to imagine themselves in unfamiliar circumstances, people overestimate the emotional impact of those features of their life that would change. Methods. The authors surveyed members of the general public to test the hypothesis that their QOL ratings of hypothetical health conditions would be higher (indicating a better quality of life) after thinking about how the health condition would affect a broad range of life domains. Across 3 experiments, the authors varied the health conditions people were asked to consider (either paraplegia, below-the-knee amputation, or partial blindness), the life domains they were asked to consider, the response mode with which they evaluated how each health condition would affect each life domain, whether subjects rated the health condition before and after considering life domains or only after, and whether subjects rated their own current quality of life first. Results. Across 3 experiments, using 10 different questionnaire versions, only 1 instance was found in which subjects' ratings were significantly higher after thinking about the effect of the health condition on life domains than before, and the magnitude of this increase was small. Conclusion. It could not be established that a focusing illusion contributes significantly to the discrepancy in QOL ratings of patients and nonpatients. Further research should explore other factors that could contribute to the discrepancy or other ways of testing for the influence of a focusing illusion. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Program Improving Hlth Care Decis, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Social & Decis Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Wharton Sch, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), 300 N Ingalls,Room 7C27, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [R01 HS12073-01] NR 16 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 5 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD MAY-JUN PY 2001 VL 21 IS 3 BP 190 EP 199 DI 10.1177/02729890122062488 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 469EN UT WOS:000170801800004 PM 11386626 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA AF Cooper, RA TI Advances in wheelchair and related technologies SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 23 IS 4 BP III EP IV DI 10.1016/S1350-4533(01)00071-6 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 452EZ UT WOS:000169845700001 ER PT J AU Dvorznak, MJ Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Boninger, ML Fitzgerald, SG AF Dvorznak, MJ Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Boninger, ML Fitzgerald, SG TI Kinematic comparison of Hybrid II test dummy to wheelchair user SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE safety; falls; hybrid test dummies; injuries; modeling ID ACCIDENTS; MOMENTS; FORCES AB Hybrid test dummies provide a safe alternative to human subjects when investigating mechanisms of wheelchair tips and falls. The data that researchers acquire from these test dummies are more useful if the test dummy represents the population beings studied. The goal of this study was to measure the validity of a 50th percentile Hybrid II test dummy (HTD) as an accurate representation of a wheelchair user. A test pilot with T8 paraplegia due to traumatic spinal cord injury served as a basis for validation. Simple modifications were made to the HTD to approximate the trunk stability characteristics of a person with a spinal cord injury. An HTD, a modified HTD, and a human test pilot were seated in an electric-powered wheelchair and several braking tests performed. The standard HTD underestimated the kinematics when compared to the test pilot. The modified HTD had less trunk stability than the standard HTD during all braking methods. The modified HTD and wheelchair test pilot had similar trunk stability characteristics during kill switch and joystick full-reverse braking conditions. The modified HTD is a satisfactory representation of a wheelchair user with a spinal cord injury; however, the modified test dummy underestimates the trunk dynamics during the less extreme joystick release braking. Work should continue on the development of a low-speed, low-impact test dummy that emulates the wheelchair user population. (C) 2001 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst,Human Engn Res Labs, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst,Human Engn Res Labs, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst,Human Engn Res Labs, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Dvorznak, MJ (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst,Human Engn Res Labs, Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 23 IS 4 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1016/S1350-4533(01)00025-X PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 452EZ UT WOS:000169845700002 PM 11427361 ER PT J AU O'Connor, TJ Fitzgerald, SG Cooper, RA Thorman, TA Boninger, ML AF O'Connor, TJ Fitzgerald, SG Cooper, RA Thorman, TA Boninger, ML TI Does computer game play aid in motivation of exercise and increase metabolic activity during wheelchair ergometry? SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE wheelchairs; exercise; video game ID SPINAL-CORD INJURIES; VIDEO-GAME; DISABILITIES; PROPULSION; CHILDREN; SYSTEM; USERS AB GAME(Wheels) is an interface between a portable roller system and a computer that enables a wheelchair user to play commercially available computer video games. The subject controls the game play with the propulsion of their wheelchair's wheels on the rollers. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether using the GAME(Wheels) System during wheelchair propulsion exercise can help increase the individual's physiological response and aid in the motivation to exercise. Fifteen subjects participated in this study. The subjects propelled their wheelchairs on a portable roller that was equipped with the GAME(Wheels) System. There were two exercise trials consisting of 2 min of warm-up, 16 min of exercise and 2 min of cool-down, Physiological data (ventilation rate, oxygen consumption, heart rate) were collected. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between exercise with GAME(Wheels) versus without GAME(Wheels) for average ventilation rate and average oxygen consumption. The differences were found during time periods of transition from warm-up to exercise, and before and after the midpoint of exercise. Written questionnaires showed that 87% of the individuals tested reported the system would help them work out on a regular basis. Playing the video game helped these individuals to reach their exercise training zone faster and maintain it for the entire exercise trial. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of IPEM. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Fitzgerald, SG (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, VA Ctr Excellence Wheelchairs & Related Technol, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RI Winstein, Carolee/A-8375-2008 OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 23 IS 4 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S1350-4533(01)00046-7 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 452EZ UT WOS:000169845700005 PM 11427364 ER PT J AU Koontz, AM Cooper, RA Boninger, ML AF Koontz, AM Cooper, RA Boninger, ML TI An autoregressive modeling approach to analyzing wheelchair propulsion forces SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual RESNA Conference CY JUN 26-30, 1999 CL LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA SP RESNA DE autoregressive modeling; wheelchair propulsion biomechanics; asymmetry; spinal cord injury ID SPEEDS AB Biomechanical signals collected during wheelchair propulsion are often analyzed by computing averages and/or peak values over several strokes. Due to the complex nature of the signals, this type of analysis may not be specific to identifying factors that may predispose a wheelchair user to joint pain/injury. Hence, a new technique is introduced thai uses a system identification approach, autoregressive (AR) modeling, to analyze wheelchair propulsion force waveforms. In this application an AR method was used to create a model force waveform based on current and past values of digital pushrim force data. The feasibility of the AR modeling method over point-wise methods to detect asymmetry among force waveforms was tested with a group of 20 wheelchair users. Subjects propelled at a constant 0.9 m/s on a roller system during which 20 s of force data were collected from the SMART(Wheels), force and torque sensing pushrims. Both methods showed that the wheelchair users as a group propelled evenly, however, individual analysis using the AR model error estimates indicated that twenty-five percent demonstrated significant asymmetry in their force waveforms. If only point-wise means and variances of the applied bilateral forces were considered, most subjects would have appeared symmetrical. Thus, the AR modeling approach is more sensitive to detecting anomalies in propulsion technique. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of IPEM. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biotechnol & Bioengn 300, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr Hlth Syst, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Koontz, AM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, 5044 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 23 IS 4 BP 285 EP 291 DI 10.1016/S1350-4533(00)00082-5 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 452EZ UT WOS:000169845700007 PM 11427366 ER PT J AU Jara, A Chacon, C Valdivieso, A Aris, L Jalil, R Felsenfeld, AJ AF Jara, A Chacon, C Valdivieso, A Aris, L Jalil, R Felsenfeld, AJ TI Effect of calcitriol treatment and withdrawal on hyperparathyroidism in haemodialysis patients with hypocalcaemia SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE calcitriol; calcium; parathyroid function; parathyroid hormone; phosphate ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; PTH-CALCIUM CURVE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; SET-POINT; SERUM-CALCIUM; DIALYSIS; THERAPY; ADAPTATION AB Background. Calcitriol is used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. For similarly elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, the PTH response to calcitriol treatment is believed to he better in hypocalcaemic dialysis patients than in dialysis patients with higher serum calcium values. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated the rapidity of the rebound in serum PTH values after prolonged treatment with calcitriol. Our goal was to evaluate (i) the PTH response to calcitriol treatment in hypocalcaemic haemodialysis patients, (ii) the rapidity of rebound in PTH after calcitriol treatment was stopped, and (iii) whether the effect of calcitriol treatment on PTH levels could be separated from those produced by changes in serum calcium and phosphate values. Methods. Fight haemodialysis patients (29 +/- 3 years) with hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism were treated thrice weekly with 2 mug of intravenous calcitriol and were dialysed with a 3.5 mEq/l calcium dialysate. Parathyroid function (PTH-calcium curve) was determined before and after 30 weeks of calcitriol treatment and 15 weeks after calcitriol treatment was stopped. Results, Pretreatment PTH and ionized calcium values were 90 +/- 127 pg/ml and 3.89 +/- 0.12 mg/dl (normal, 4.52 +/- 0.07 mg/dl). During calcitriol treatment, one patient did not respond? but basal (predialysis) PTH values in the other seven patients decreased from 846 +/- 129 to 72 +/- 12 pg/ml, P < 0.001 and in all seven patients, the decrease exceeded 85%. During the 15 weeks after calcitriol treatment was stopped, a slow rebound in basal PTH values in the seven patients was observed, 72 12 to 375 +/- 44 pg/ml. Covariance analysis was used to evaluate the three tests of parathyroid function (0, 30, and 45 weeks), and showed that calcitriol treatment was associated with reductions in maximal PTH values while reductions in basal PTH were affected by ionized calcium and serum phosphate. The basal/maximal PTH ratio and the set point of calcium were associated with changes in ionized calcium. Conclusions. In haemodialysis patients with hypocalcaemia, (li) moderate to severs hyperparathyroidism responded well to treatment with calcitriol, (ii) reductions in maximal PTH were calcitriol dependent while reductions in basal PTH were affected by the ionized calcium and serum phosphate concentrations, (iii) changes in the basal/maximal PTH ratio and the set point of calcium were calcium dependent, and (iv) the delaved rebound in basal PTH levels after withdrawal of calcitriol treatment may have been due to the long duration of treatment and the marked PTH suppression during treatment. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Hosp Clin, Dept Nephrol, Santiago, Chile. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Jara, A (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Hosp Clin, Dept Nephrol, Marcoleta 35, Santiago, Chile. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1009 EP 1016 DI 10.1093/ndt/16.5.1009 PG 8 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 430HT UT WOS:000168569000022 PM 11328908 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ TI Transient focal cerebral ischemia down-regulates glutamate transporters GLT-1 and EAAC1 expression in rat brain SO NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE EAAC1; focal cerebral ischemia; gene expressions; GLT-1; glutamate transporters; stroke ID ARTERY OCCLUSION; NEURONAL DEATH; CELL-DEATH; INJURY; GLAST; HIPPOCAMPUS; METABOLISM; RELEASE; MICE AB Transient focal cerebral ischemia leads to extensive excitotoxic neuronal damage in rat cerebral cortex. Efficient reuptake of the released glutamate is essential for preventing glutamate receptor over-stimulation and neuronal death. Present study evaluated the expression of the glial (GLT-1 and GLAST) and neuronal (EAAC1) subtypes of glutamate transporters after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Between 24h to 72h of reperfusion after transient MCAO, GLT-1 and EAAC1 protein levels decreased significantly (by 36% to 56%, p < 0.05) in the ipsilateral cortex compared with the contralateral cortex or sham control. GLT-1 and EAAC1 mRNA expression also decreased in the ipsilateral cortex of ischemic rats at both 24h and 72h of reperfusion, compared with the contralateral cortex or sham control. Glutamate transporter down-regulation may disrupt the normal clearance of the synaptically-released glutamate and may contribute to the ischemic neuronal death. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Rao, VLR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, F4-309 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS31220, NS28000] NR 41 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-3190 J9 NEUROCHEM RES JI Neurochem. Res. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 26 IS 5 BP 497 EP 502 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 462VB UT WOS:000170439500007 PM 11513475 ER PT J AU Castellon, SA Ganz, PA AF Castellon, SA Ganz, PA TI Cognitive function after systemic therapy for breast cancer - The Olin article reviewed SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Neuropsychol Assessment Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Canc Prevent & Control Res, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Canc Prevent & Control Res, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Castellon, SA (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Neuropsychol Assessment Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU P R R INC PI MELVILLE PA 48 SOUTH SERVICE RD, MELVILLE, NY 11747 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD MAY PY 2001 VL 15 IS 5 BP 622 EP + PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 444AY UT WOS:000169376800013 ER PT J AU Casarett, D Karlawish, J Sankar, P Hirschman, KB Asch, DA AF Casarett, D Karlawish, J Sankar, P Hirschman, KB Asch, DA TI Obtaining informed consent for clinical pain research: patients' concerns and information needs SO PAIN LA English DT Article DE pain; research ethics; human subjects; informed consent ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AMBULATORY AIDS PATIENTS; CANCER PAIN; TRANSDERMAL FENTANYL; ORAL MORPHINE; BREAST-CANCER; BARRIERS; MANAGEMENT; QUESTIONNAIRE; CONVERSION AB Investigators who conduct clinical pain research are required to obtain voluntary informed consent from patients. However, little is known about what information patients expect when they decide whether to enroll in such studies. It is important that investigators understand these information needs so they can effectively and clearly describe the research risks and potential benefits that matter to potential subjects. By understanding these needs for information, investigators may also be better able to anticipate patients' concerns and to recruit subjects more efficiently. This study was designed to define information needs that patients have when they decide whether to participate in clinical pain research. This paper describes these information needs, and identifies clinical and demographic variables associated with specific needs. (C) 2001 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Casarett, D (reprint author), Inst Aging, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD MAY PY 2001 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00473-5 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 433TU UT WOS:000168776500009 PM 11323128 ER PT J AU Figlewicz, DP Higgins, MS Ng-Evans, SB Havel, PJ AF Figlewicz, DP Higgins, MS Ng-Evans, SB Havel, PJ TI Leptin reverses sucrose-conditioned place preference in food-restricted rats SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE reward; dopamine; leptin; place preference ID BRAIN; REWARD; CHOLECYSTOKININ; REINFORCEMENT; MECHANISMS; INSULIN; COCAINE AB Previous studies have suggested that food restriction can modify performance in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that food restriction would enhance the development of a CPP to low-calorie sucrose pellets and that peripheral leptin replacement in food-restricted animals would reverse this effect. Using a range of 45-mg sucrose pellets (0-15 pellets) as a reward, we observed that a significant place preference was conditioned in food-restricted, but not ad libitum-fed rats. This CPP was reversed either by treatment of food-restricted rats with the dopamine receptor antagonist ol-flupenthixol (200 mug/kg ip) during the training protocol or by chronic subcutaneous replacement of leptin (125 mug/kg/day) that attenuated the food restriction-induced decrease of circulating leptin. We conclude that dopaminergic signaling and the fall of plasma leptin concentrations contribute to the CPP of food-restricted rats. This finding suggests that in addition to metabolic adaptations, hypoleptinemia results in behavioral adaptations during states of energy deprivation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Figlewicz, DP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Metab Endocrinol 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-35747, DK-50129, DK40963] NR 23 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 73 IS 1-2 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00486-3 PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 441PU UT WOS:000169239400029 PM 11399316 ER PT J AU Goodman, CM Steadman, AK Meade, RA Bodenheimer, C Thornby, J Netscher, DT AF Goodman, CM Steadman, AK Meade, RA Bodenheimer, C Thornby, J Netscher, DT TI Comparison of carpal canal pressure in paraplegic and nonparaplegic subjects: Clinical implications SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TUNNEL SYNDROME; NERVE; COMPRESSION AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pressure within the carpal tunnel that was generated with certain tasks in paraplegic versus nonparaplegic subjects. Four groups of subjects were evaluated: 10 wrists in six paraplegic subjects with carpal tunnel syndrome, 11 wrists in six paraplegics without the syndrome, 12 wrists in nine nonparaplegics with the syndrome, and 17 wrists in 11 nonparaplegics without the syndrome. Carpel canal pressures were measured in the wrists in three positions (neutral, 45-degree flexion, 45-degree extension) and during two dynamic tasks [wheelchair propulsion and RAISE (relief of anatomic ischial skin embarrassment) maneuver]. External force resistors were placed over the carpal canal and correlated with interval tunnel pressures. At each wrist position, paraplegics with carpal tunnel syndrome consistently had higher carpal canal pressure than did the other groups at the corresponding wrist position; statistical significance was evident wit h regard to the neutral wrist position (p < 0.05). Within each group of subjects, wrist extension and wrist flexion produced a statistically significant increase in carpal canal pressure (p < 0.05), compared with the neutral wrist position. Dynamic tasks (wheelchair propulsion and the RAISE maneuver) significantly elevated the carpal canal pressure in paraplegics with carpal tunnel syndrome, compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Lastly, there is a linear positive correlation between carpel canal pressure and external force resistance. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Div Plast Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Plast Surg Serv, Houston, TX USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Occupat Therapy Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Stat, Houston, TX USA. RP Netscher, DT (reprint author), 6560 Fannin,Suite 800, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1464 EP 1471 DI 10.1097/00006534-200105000-00024 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 426JE UT WOS:000168345400024 PM 11335819 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI McKay, JR Rutherford, MJ AF Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI McKay, JR Rutherford, MJ TI Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with substance use disorders: Do not forget Axis II disorders SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY-DISORDER; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE PATIENTS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; OPIATE-DEPENDENT PATIENTS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEEKING COCAINE ABUSERS; FOLLOW-UP; IMIPRAMINE TREATMENT; DRUG-ABUSE; DIAGNOSIS C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Washington, Inst Alcohol & Drug Abuse, Woodinville, WA USA. RP Cacciola, JS (reprint author), PENN TRC, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 59 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 31 IS 5 BP 321 EP 331 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 431GQ UT WOS:000168623800006 ER PT J AU Reno, R AF Reno, R TI Maintaining quality of in a comprehensive dual diagnosis treatment program SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE AB This paper describes how a large, multifaceted dual diagnosis treatment program has attempted to preserve its mission through termination of or changes in the nature of resident research projects. Research reports, because of their focus on specific treatment components, often fail to capture the essence of the larger treatment contexts from which they emanate, Although host programs derive benefits fi-om research projects, enhancements are often temporary and difficult to sustain. Programs are thus challenged to respond to resource losses creatively. The author discusses adaptations to losses in the areas of case management, behavioral skills training, an incentive system,, money management, and continuity of care. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dual Diag Treatment Program Day Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Reno, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,205C, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 52 IS 5 BP 673 EP 675 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.52.5.673 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 432GB UT WOS:000168682900018 PM 11331804 ER PT J AU Shores, MM Pascualy, M Lewis, NL Flatness, D Veith, RC AF Shores, MM Pascualy, M Lewis, NL Flatness, D Veith, RC TI Short-term sertraline treatment suppresses sympathetic nervous system activity in healthy human subjects SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sympathetic nervous system; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; sertraline; norepinephrine kinetics; norepinephrine; epinephrine ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; NOREPINEPHRINE; DEPRESSION; INHIBITION; CLEARANCE; RESPONSES; SEROTONIN; RAT AB Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity has been associated with stress, major depression, aging, and several medical conditions. This study assessed the effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), sertraline, on sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity in healthy subjects. Twelve healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, norepinephrine (NE) kinetic study, in which the effects of sertraline on SNS activity were ascertained by determining NE plasma concentrations and NE plasma appearance rates and clearance rates in sertraline or placebo conditions. Subjects received 50 mg of sertraline or placebo for two days and then one week later underwent the same protocol with the other drug. By single compartmental analysis, plasma NE appearance rates were significantly lower in the sertraline compared to the placebo condition (0.26+/-0.10 vs 0.40+/-0.23 mug/m(2)/min; P=0.04). Our study found that the net effect of short-term SSRI treatment is an apparent suppression of SNS activity as indicated by a decreased plasma NE appearance rate in the sertraline condition. If this preliminary finding can be extended to long-term treatment of patients, this could have significant therapeutic relevance for treating depression in elderly patients or those with cardiac disease, in which elevated SNS activity may exacerbate underlying medical conditions. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Shores, MM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 182B,S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 14 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 26 IS 4 BP 433 EP 439 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(01)00002-6 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 420QR UT WOS:000168016100007 PM 11259862 ER PT J AU Grant, EG El Saden, SM Hathout, GM AF Grant, EG El Saden, SM Hathout, GM TI Duplex US for the estimation of internal carotid stenosis - Response SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Grant, EG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD MAY PY 2001 VL 219 IS 2 BP 576 EP 577 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 425WF UT WOS:000168314100044 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZX Bridges, SL AF Zhang, ZX Bridges, SL TI Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis - Role of B lymphocytes SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID CARTILAGE PROTEOGLYCAN AGGRECAN; GERMINAL-CENTERS; SOMATIC MUTATION; SYNOVIAL TISSUE; II COLLAGEN; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; T-CELL; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; V(D)J RECOMBINATION; KERATAN SULFATE C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Div Dev & Clin Immunol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Arthrit Clin Intervent Program, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Bridges, SL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, 415 Lyons Harrison Res Bldg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 136 TC 35 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-857X J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 27 IS 2 BP 335 EP 353 DI 10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70205-2 PG 19 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 436WB UT WOS:000168957900005 PM 11396096 ER PT J AU Marlar, RA AF Marlar, RA TI Commentary - The protein C system - How complex is it? SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID C4B-BINDING PROTEIN; INHIBITION C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Marlar, RA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver VA Med Ctr, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD MAY PY 2001 VL 85 IS 5 BP 756 EP 757 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 433YJ UT WOS:000168788000001 PM 11372662 ER PT J AU Peskind, ER Wilkinson, CW Petrie, EC Schellenberg, GD Raskind, MA AF Peskind, ER Wilkinson, CW Petrie, EC Schellenberg, GD Raskind, MA TI Increased CSF cortisol in AD is a function of APOE genotype SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST; HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; Y1 ADRENAL-CELLS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; COGNITIVE DECLINE; EPSILON-4 ALLELE; APOE(-/-) MICE; STRESS; BRAIN AB Background: Increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity manifested by elevated cortisol levels is observed in AD and may contribute to AD by lowering the threshold for neuronal degeneration. Presence of the APOE-epsilon4 allele increases risk for AD. Increased cortisol concentrations in apoE-deficient mice suggest that APOE genotype may influence cortisol concentrations in AD. Methods: The authors measured cortisol levels in CSF and determined APOE genotypes for 64 subjects with AD and 34 nondemented older control subjects, Results: CSF cortisol was significantly higher in AD than in control subjects. CSF cortisol concentrations differed with respect to APOE genotype in both subjects with,4D (epsilon/epsilon4 > epsilon3/4 epsilon > epsilon3/epsilon3) and normal older control subjects (epsilon3/epsilon4 > epsilon3/epsilon3 > epsilon3/epsilon3). Comparison of CSF cortisol concentrations within the epsilon3/epsilon4 and epsilon3/epsilon3 genotypes revealed no differences between AD and control subject groups. Conclusions: Higher CSF cortisol concentrations were associated with increased frequency of the APOE-epsilon4 allele and decreased frequency of the,APOE-epsilon2 allele in AD subjects relative to control subjects. This effect of APOE genotype on HPA axis activity may be related to the increased risk for 4D in persons carrying the APOE-epsilon4 allele and decreased risk for AD in persons carrying the APOE-epsilon2 allele. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr 116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Peskind, ER (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr 116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AGO8419, AGO5136] NR 48 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 24 PY 2001 VL 56 IS 8 BP 1094 EP 1098 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 424ZN UT WOS:000168264000021 PM 11320185 ER PT J AU Kayo, T Allison, DB Weindruch, R Prolla, TA AF Kayo, T Allison, DB Weindruch, R Prolla, TA TI Influences of aging and caloric restriction on the transcriptional profile of skeletal muscle from rhesus monkeys SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILE; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; DIETARY RESTRICTION; ENERGY RESTRICTION; THYROID-HORMONE; COLLAGEN-III; CDNA; CHITOTRIOSIDASE; METABOLISM; CLONING AB In laboratory rodents, caloric restriction (CR) retards several age-dependent physiological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle, including increased steady-state levels of oxidative damage to lipids, DNA, and proteins. We have previously used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to show that CR can prevent or delay most of the major age-related transcriptional alterations in the gastrocnemius muscle of C57BL/6 mice. Here we report the effects of aging and adult-onset CR on the gene expression profile of 7.070 genes in the vastus lateralis muscle from rhesus monkeys. Gene expression analysis of aged rhesus monkeys (mean age of 26 years) was compared with that of young animals (mean age of 8 years). Aging resulted in a selective up-regulation of transcripts involved in inflammation and oxidative stress, and a down-regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, Middle-aged monkeys (mean age of 20 years) subjected to CR since early adulthood (mean age of 11 years) were studied to determine the gene expression profile induced by CR, CR resulted in an up-regulation of cytoskeletal protein-encoding genes, and also a decrease in the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, Surprisingly, we did not observe any evidence for an inhibitory effect of adult-onset CR on age-related changes in gene expression. These results indicate that the induction of an oxidative stress-induced transcriptional response may be a common feature of aging in skeletal muscle of rodents and primates, but the extent to which CR modifies these responses may be species-specific. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Med, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53715 USA. Columbia Univ, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10025 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet & Med Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weindruch, R (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Med, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, GRECC 4D,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. OI Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA 78732]; NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG011915, AG 11915] NR 26 TC 258 Z9 262 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 24 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 9 BP 5093 EP 5098 DI 10.1073/pnas.081061898 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 425VC UT WOS:000168311500054 PM 11309484 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, E Dhanda, R Bamshad, M Mummidi, S Geevarghese, R Catano, G Anderson, SA Walter, EA Stephan, KT Hammer, MF Mangano, A Sen, L Clark, RA Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK AF Gonzalez, E Dhanda, R Bamshad, M Mummidi, S Geevarghese, R Catano, G Anderson, SA Walter, EA Stephan, KT Hammer, MF Mangano, A Sen, L Clark, RA Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK TI Global survey of genetic variation in CCR5, RANTES, and MIP-1 alpha: Impact on the epidemiology of the HIV-1 pandemic SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR-5 GENE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; INFECTION; AIDS; POLYMORPHISM; TRANSMISSION; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENESIS; DETERMINANTS AB Expression of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), the major coreceptor for HIV-1 cell entry, and its ligands (e.g., RANTES and MIP-1 alpha) is widely regarded as central to the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. By surveying nearly 3,000 HIV+ and HIV- individuals from worldwide populations for polymorphisms in the genes encoding RANTES, MIP-1 alpha: and CCR5, we show that the evolutionary histories of human populations have had a significant impact on the distribution of variation in these genes, and that this may be responsible, in part, for the heterogeneous nature of the epidemiology of the HIV-1 pandemic, The varied distribution of RANTES haplotypes (AC, GC, and AC) associated with population-specific HIV-I transmission- and disease-modifying effects is a striking example. Homozygosity for the AC haplotype was associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV-1 as well as accelerated disease progression in European Americans, but not in African Americans. Yet. the prevalence of the ancestral AC haplotype is high in individuals of African origin, but substantially lower in non-Africans. In a Japanese cohort, AG-containing RANTES haplotype pairs were associated with a delay in disease progression; however, we now show that their contribution to HIV-1 pathogenesis and epidemiology in other parts of the world is negligible because the AG haplotype is infrequent in non-far East Asians. Thus, the varied distribution of RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, and CCR5 haplotype pairs and their population-specific phenotypic effects on HIV-1 susceptibility and disease progression results in a complex pattern of biological determinants of HIV-1 epidemiology. These findings have important implications for the design, assessment, and implementation of effective HIV-I intervention and prevention strategies. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Purdue Pharmaceut, Norwalk, CT 06901 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Hosp Pediat JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Dolan, MJ (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI046326, AI43279, AI46326, R01 AI043279, R01 AI046326, R21 AI046326] NR 32 TC 185 Z9 192 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 24 PY 2001 VL 98 IS 9 BP 5199 EP 5204 DI 10.1073/pnas.091056898 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 425VC UT WOS:000168311500072 PM 11320252 ER PT J AU Herbert, V AF Herbert, V TI Summary for patients on genes for hemochromatosis (vol 133, 128, 2000) SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 Mt Sinai New York Univ Hlth Syst, Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. RP Herbert, V (reprint author), Mt Sinai New York Univ Hlth Syst, Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD APR 17 PY 2001 VL 134 IS 8 BP 715 EP 715 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 423LJ UT WOS:000168177500014 PM 11304115 ER PT J AU Deicken, RF Eliaz, Y Chosiad, L Feiwell, RJ Schuff, N AF Deicken, RF Eliaz, Y Chosiad, L Feiwell, RJ Schuff, N TI Proton MRSI of prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuits in bipolar I disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Magnet Resonance Unit, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 94 BP 27S EP 27S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000094 ER PT J AU Li, X Nahas, Z Oliver, NC Anderson, B Chae, JH Molloy, M George, MS AF Li, X Nahas, Z Oliver, NC Anderson, B Chae, JH Molloy, M George, MS TI Initial results using left prefrontal rTMS as a maintenance treatment for bipolar depression SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 127 BP 36S EP 36S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000125 ER PT J AU Pincus, SH Cawthra, EM McRae, KA Braff, DL Adler, LE AF Pincus, SH Cawthra, EM McRae, KA Braff, DL Adler, LE TI Impaired auditory sensory gating in soldiers preparing for extended deployment to Bosnia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. USN Reserve, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 138 BP 39S EP 39S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000136 ER PT J AU Erhart, SM Wirshing, DA Rossotto, E Pien, J Champion, KM Marder, SR Wirshing, WC AF Erhart, SM Wirshing, DA Rossotto, E Pien, J Champion, KM Marder, SR Wirshing, WC TI The emergence of EEG abnormalities for clozapine and haloperidol: Lack of association with treatment response and plasma levels (Results of a prospective double blind study) SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 186 BP 53S EP 53S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000183 ER PT J AU Messamore, E Hoffmann, WF Janowsky, A AF Messamore, E Hoffmann, WF Janowsky, A TI Diminished skin flush response to niacin in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 192 BP 54S EP 54S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000189 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Sistilli, CG vanKammen, DP AF Yao, JK Sistilli, CG vanKammen, DP TI Membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids and cytokines in schizophrenic patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 193 BP 54S EP 55S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000190 ER PT J AU Goodman, M New, A Mitropoulou, V Koenigsberg, H Weiss, D Siever, L AF Goodman, M New, A Mitropoulou, V Koenigsberg, H Weiss, D Siever, L TI Pathological dissociation in borderline personality disorder: The role of childhood trauma and serotonergic genes SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx VA Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 248 BP 70S EP 70S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000243 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Buchsbaum, MS Harvey, P Cheung, A Tang, C New, AS Goodman, M Siever, LJ AF Koenigsberg, HW Buchsbaum, MS Harvey, P Cheung, A Tang, C New, AS Goodman, M Siever, LJ TI Regional brain activation in schizotypal personality disorder patients during a visuospatial working memory task as measured by fMRI SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 327 BP 94S EP 95S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000322 ER PT J AU Rogers, LJ Gordon, KA Eliaz, Y Cardenas-Nicholson, V Decken, RF AF Rogers, LJ Gordon, KA Eliaz, Y Cardenas-Nicholson, V Decken, RF TI Cortical grey matter abnormalities in bipolar I disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 335 BP 96S EP 97S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000330 ER PT J AU Arciniegas, DB Topkoff, JL Filley, CM Adler, LE AF Arciniegas, DB Topkoff, JL Filley, CM Adler, LE TI Normalization of P50 physiology by donepezil hydrochloride in traumatic brain injury patient SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Denver, CO USA. Denver Res Inst, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Neuropsychiat Serv, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 368 BP 106S EP 106S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000362 ER PT J AU Chae, JH Oliver, NC Nahas, Z Li, X Benjamin, B Sallee, FR George, MS AF Chae, JH Oliver, NC Nahas, Z Li, X Benjamin, B Sallee, FR George, MS TI Does transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over motor or prefrontal cortex modify TICS in patients with Tourette's syndrome? A pilot study SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Brain Stimulat Lab, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 394 BP 113S EP 113S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000387 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Goodman, M Reynolds, D Mitropoulou, V Trestman, R Kirrane, R New, AS Anwunah, I Siever, LJ AF Koenigsberg, HW Goodman, M Reynolds, D Mitropoulou, V Trestman, R Kirrane, R New, AS Anwunah, I Siever, LJ TI Risperidone in the treatment of schizotypal personality disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 415 BP 119S EP 120S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000408 ER PT J AU Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Yao, JK AF Reddy, RD Keshavan, MS Yao, JK TI Reduced plasma antioxidants in first-episode schizophrenic patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 428 BP 123S EP 123S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000421 ER PT J AU Ha, KS Poole, J Deicken, RF Pegues, MP Eliaz, Y Chosiad, L Vinogradov, S AF Ha, KS Poole, J Deicken, RF Pegues, MP Eliaz, Y Chosiad, L Vinogradov, S TI Decreased total intracranial volume in schizophrenia and its implication SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Psychiat, Seoul, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 2001 VL 49 IS 8 SU S MA 435 BP 125S EP 125S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 423ET UT WOS:000168163000428 ER EF