FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Berger, O Gan, XH Gujuluva, C Burns, AR Sulur, G Stins, M Way, D Witte, M Weinand, M Said, J Kim, KS Taub, D Graves, MC Fiala, M AF Berger, O Gan, XH Gujuluva, C Burns, AR Sulur, G Stins, M Way, D Witte, M Weinand, M Said, J Kim, KS Taub, D Graves, MC Fiala, M TI CXC and CC chemokine receptors on coronary and brain endothelia SO MOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; HIV-1 INFECTION; CO-RECEPTORS; TNF-ALPHA; CELLS; EXPRESSION; CORECEPTORS; BETA AB Background: Chemokine receptors on leukocytes play a key role in inflammation and HIV-1 infection. Chemokine receptors on endothelia may serve an important role in HIV-1 tissue invasion and angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: The expression of chemokine receptors in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) and coronary artery endothelial cells (CAEC) in vitro and cryostat sections of the heart tissue was determined by light and confocal microscopy and now cytometry with monodonal antibodies. Chemotaxis of endothelia by CC chemokines was evaluated in a transmigration assay. Results: In BMVEC, the chemokine receptors CCR3 and CXCR4 showed the strongest expression. CXCR4 was localized by confocal microscopy to both the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of BMVEC. In CAEC, CXCR4 demonstrated a strong expression with predominantly periplasmic localization. CCR5 expression was detected both in BMVEC and CAEC but at a lower level. Human strongly CXCR4 but only weakly CCR3 and CCRS5. Two additional CC chemokines, CCR2A and CCR4, were detected in BMVEC and CAEC by immunostaining. Immunocytochemistry of the heart tissues with monoclonal antibodies revealed a high expression of CXCR4 and CCR2A and a low expression of CCR3 and CCR5 on coronary vessel endothelia. Coronary endothelia showed in vitro a strong chemotactic response to the CC chemokines RANTEs, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta. Conclusions: The endothelia isolated from the brain display strongly both the CCR3 and CXCR4 HIV-1 coreceptors, whereas the coronary endothelia express strongly only the CXCR4 coreceptor. CCR5 is expressed at a lower level in both endothelia. The differential display of CCR3 on the brain and coronary endothelia could be significant with respect to the differential susceptibility of the heart and the brain to HIV-1 invasion. In addition, CCR2A is strongly expressed in the heart endothelium. All of the above chemokine receptors could play a role in endothelial migration and repair. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Cardiovasc Sci & Leukocyte Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Surg, Tucson, AZ USA. NIA, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Fiala, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 48493]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA10442]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 26126] NR 45 TC 89 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-1551 J9 MOL MED JI Mol. Med. PD DEC PY 1999 VL 5 IS 12 BP 795 EP 805 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 280CF UT WOS:000085084100003 PM 10666479 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Limitations of dopamine-D-2 antagonists and the search for novel antipsychotic strategies SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCHIZOPHRENIA; CLOZAPINE C1 W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, MIRECC 210 A,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 21 IS 6 SU S BP S117 EP S121 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00105-0 PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 268AJ UT WOS:000084391200001 ER PT J AU Kolesar, JM Johnson, CL Freeberg, BL Berlin, JD Schiller, JH AF Kolesar, JM Johnson, CL Freeberg, BL Berlin, JD Schiller, JH TI Warfarin-5-FU interaction - A consecutive case series SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID 5-FLUOROURACIL; LEVAMISOLE AB Five patients from a single institution received concomitant warfarin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) during a 3-year period. The mean weekly warfarin dose before starting chemotherapy was 40.66 mg and during chemotherapy it was 24 mg (p=0.0026). All patients required a warfarin dosage reduction (range 18-74%, mean 44%). Two patients were hospitalized, one with a major retroperitoneal bleed, the other for fresh-frozen plasma administration and observation. Maximum international normalized ratios (INRs) ranged from 3.66-23.7. This series confirms a common, clinically significant interaction between warfarin and 5-FU. An interaction between capecitabine, the orally available prodrug of S-FU, and warfarin also has been reported. We recommend weekly monitoring of prothrombin time and INR for all patients receiving concomitant warfarin and 5-FU or capecitabine. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Nursing Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Adjunct Ambulatory Care Fac, Cincinnati, OH USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Nashville, TN USA. RP Kolesar, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, 425 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 18 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER BOX 806 171 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD DEC PY 1999 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1445 EP 1449 DI 10.1592/phco.19.18.1445.30897 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 262HZ UT WOS:000084062400015 PM 10600095 ER PT J AU Lawrence, VA De Moor, C Glenn, ME AF Lawrence, VA De Moor, C Glenn, ME TI Systematic differences in validity of self-reported mammography behavior: A problem for intergroup comparisons? SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mammography; screening.tw; validity; sensitivity; specificity ID PAP SMEAR; WOMEN; ACCURACY; POPULATION; BREAST; AUDIT AB Background Prior studies of recall accuracy for screening mammogram behavior have examined relatively homogeneous groups. Data are limited on possible systematic group differences, so we evaluated women's recall accuracy in two separate care systems in one city. Methods. Women 50 to 70 years old with and without screening mammograms 10 to 14 months prior were identified from fiscal, clinic, and radiology records at a military care system (MCS) and a county-funded system (CFS) for indigents. Mammogram status was verified through radiology records. Women were excluded if mammograms were diagnostic, done for other than annual screening, or had abnormal results. Interviewers blinded to mammogram status surveyed randomly selected eligible women. Results. For 62 screened/31 unscreened MCS women and 78 screened/61 unscreened CFS women, specificity was similar, at 65 and 62%, respectively. In contrast, sensitivity varied significantly: 95% versus 79% (P = 0.011). Primary ethonocultural groups were Euro-American (MCS-60%) and Mexican American (CFS-85%)Although not different in specificity of recall (67% versus 61%), these major subgroups significantly differed insensitivity (97% versus 80%, P = 0.017), proportion of true negatives due to never having a mammogram (35% versus 57%, P = 0.003), and proportion with greater than or equal to high school education (78% versus 19%, P < 0.00001). Conclusion. Systematic differences in recall validity may exist and compromise the accuracy of intergroup comparisons. (C) 1999 American Health Foundation and Academic Press. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Div Gen Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lawrence, VA (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Div Gen Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30CA54174, P50CA58183] NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 1999 VL 29 IS 6 BP 577 EP 580 DI 10.1006/pmed.1999.0575 PN 1 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 268CU UT WOS:000084397400019 PM 10600440 ER PT J AU Karel, MJ Molinari, V Gallagher-Thomson, D Hillman, SL AF Karel, MJ Molinari, V Gallagher-Thomson, D Hillman, SL TI Postdoctoral training in professional geropsychology: A survey of fellowship graduates SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article AB Have psychologists who have pursued postdoctoral training in geropsychology viewed such training as a worthwhile professional investment? As the population is aging, psychologists are increasingly working with older adults. For many psychologists, competent practice with the elderly will require some continuing education, whereas other psychologists may choose to secure specialty-level training in the field. A survey of psychologists who completed such specialized postdoctoral training found a high level of satisfaction with the training and a sense of professional competence in most of the geropsychology competency areas set forth by the American Psychological Association. The need for increased opportunities for both proficiency and specialty-level training in applied geropsychology is discussed. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brockton, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Palo Alto, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Karel, MJ (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Psychol Serv, 940 Belmont st, Brockton, MA 02401 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD DEC PY 1999 VL 30 IS 6 BP 617 EP 622 DI 10.1037/0735-7028.30.6.617 PG 6 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 259LF UT WOS:000083894800013 ER PT J AU Rahbar, G Sie, AC Hansen, GC Prince, JS Melany, ML Reynolds, HE Jackson, VP Sayre, JW Bassett, LW AF Rahbar, G Sie, AC Hansen, GC Prince, JS Melany, ML Reynolds, HE Jackson, VP Sayre, JW Bassett, LW TI Benign versus malignant solid breast masses: US differentiation SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 82nd Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological-Society-of-North-America CY DEC 01-06, 1996 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Radiol Soc N Amer DE breast, US; breast neoplasms, diagnosis; breast neoplasms, radiography; breast neoplasms, US; breast radiography, comparative studies ID SONOGRAPHY; MAMMOGRAPHY; CANCER; WOMEN; FIBROADENOMA; MANAGEMENT; LESIONS; NODULES; BIOPSY AB PURPOSE: To investigate the general applicability and interobserver variability of ultrasonographic (US) features in differentiating benign from malignant solid breast masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred sixty-two consecutive solid masses with a tissue diagnosis were reviewed. Three radiologists reviewed the masses without knowledge of clinical history or histologic examination results. RESULTS: US features that most reliably characterize masses as benign were a round or oval shape (67 of 71 [94%] were benign), circumscribed margins (95 of 104 [91%] were benign), and a width-to-anteroposterior (AP) dimension ratio greater than 1.4 (82 of 92 [89%] were benign). Features that characterize masses as malignant included irregular shape (19 of 31 [61%] were malignant), microlobulated (four of six [67%] were malignant) or spiculated (two of three [67%] were malignant;) margins, and width-to-AP dimension ratio of 1.4 or less (28 of 70 [40%] were malignant). If the three most reliable criteria had been strictly applied by each radiologist, the overall cancer biopsy yield would have increased (from 23% to 39%) by 16%. When US images and mammograms were available, the increase in biopsy yield contributed by US was not statistically significant (2%, P = .73). However, in independent reviews, one to three reviewers interpreted four carcinomas as benign at US. CONCLUSION: The data confirm that certain US features can help differentiate benign from malignant masses. However, practice and interpreter variability should be further explored before these criteria are generally applied to defer biopsy of solid masses. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol Sci, Iris Cantor Ctr Breast Imaging, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Bassett, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol Sci, Iris Cantor Ctr Breast Imaging, 200 UCLA Med Plaza,Rm 165-49, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 23 TC 211 Z9 234 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD DEC PY 1999 VL 213 IS 3 BP 889 EP 894 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 258EM UT WOS:000083825200039 PM 10580971 ER PT J AU Monga, TN Monga, U Tan, G Grabois, M AF Monga, TN Monga, U Tan, G Grabois, M TI Coital positions and sexual functioning in patients with chronic pain SO SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY LA English DT Article DE sexuality; chronic pain; coital positions AB The objectives of this study were to describe (1) coital positions adopted by chronic back pain patients, (2) and to describe sexual function as assessed by Derogatis Inventory of Sexual Functioning (DISF), In addition, patients were asked questions regarding effects of sexual intercourse on severity of pain, influence of pain over sexual functioning, and perceived factors causing sexual problems. This is a subset (45 patients) of a larger study (70 patients) describing sexual functioning. These 45 patients responded to additional questions as described above. Mean age of the patients was 55.7 years (range 36-74 years). There were 40 male patients. Twenty-five patients (56%) were married. Mean duration of pain was 145.2 months. Thirty-two patients (27 male and 5 female) were sexually active. Eighty-one percent of male and 100% of female patients, who were sexually active, preferred "male superior" position. Of those sexually active, 41% performed sexual intercourse while sitting on a chair. A majority of patients were experiencing problems in all domains of sexual functioning except for fantasy. Thirty-nine patients (87%) reported that pain extremely interfered in performing sexual intercourse. Twenty-nine patients (64%) reported worsening of pain due to sexual intercourse. Majority (n = 34) of the patients (76%) had fear of failure to perform and 25 patients (56%) reported fear of aggravating pain due to sexual activity. There is need for further research in this area. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Monga, TN (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0146-1044 J9 SEX DISABIL JI Sex. Disabil. PD WIN PY 1999 VL 17 IS 4 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.1023/A:1021373428492 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 271HQ UT WOS:000084588500002 ER PT J AU Cefalu, WT Wagner, JD Bell-Farrow, AD Edwards, IJ Terry, JG Weindruch, R Kemnitz, JW AF Cefalu, WT Wagner, JD Bell-Farrow, AD Edwards, IJ Terry, JG Weindruch, R Kemnitz, JW TI Influence of caloric restriction on the development of atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates: Progress to date SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Society-of-Toxicology Symposium on Contemporary Concepts in Toxicology CY OCT 26-28, 1998 CL RESTON, VIRGINIA SP Soc Toxicol DE atherosclerosis; insulin; glucose; obesity; lipids ID MONKEYS MACACA-FASCICULARIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT; DIETARY RESTRICTION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB Caloric restriction (CR) has been observed to retard aging processes and extend the maximum life span in rodents. In an effort to evaluate the effect of this nutritional intervention on physiologic variables in higher species, several nonhuman primate trials are ongoing. In particular, a study evaluating the independent effect of CR on the extent of atherosclerosis was initiated in 1993 in 32 adult cynomolgus monkeys. Therefore, the trial was designed to achieve identical cholesterol intake after animals were randomized to a control group or a calorie-restricted group (30% reduction from baseline caloric intake). The animals were routinely evaluated for glycated proteins, plasma insulin and glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and specific measures for abdominal fat distribution by CT scans over a 4-year interval. The results from 4 years of intervention demonstrate that CR improves cardiovascular risk factors (such as visceral fat accumulation) and improves insulin sensitivity. In contrast to other primate studies with normolipidemic animals, CR had no independent effects on plasma lipid levels and composition in the presence of equivalent amounts of dietary cholesterol intake. Preliminary analysis of atherosclerotic lesion extent in the abdominal aorta has failed to demonstrate differences between control animals and CR animals. Follow-up studies are being conducted to determine the effect of CR on atherosclerosis extent in coronary and carotid arteries. C1 Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Med, Endocrine Unit, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med & Comparat Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Cefalu, WT (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Med, Endocrine Unit, Given C331, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00578, AG11915, AG10816] NR 47 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 1999 VL 52 IS 2 SU S BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1093/toxsci/52.suppl_1.49 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 268VX UT WOS:000084438400008 PM 10630590 ER PT J AU Michaels, AD Maynard, C Every, NR Barron, HV AF Michaels, AD Maynard, C Every, NR Barron, HV CA Natl Registry Myocardial Infarctio TI Early use of ACE inhibitors in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the United States: Experience from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; THERAPY; MORTALITY; GUIDELINES; ENALAPRIL; CAPTOPRIL; SURVIVAL; AGE AB This study was undertaken to examine recent trends in the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors within 24 hours of admission in patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to identify clinical factors associated with ACE inhibitor-prescribing patterns, Demographic, procedural, and acute medication use from 202,438 patients with AMI were collected at 1,470 US hospitals participating in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 from June 1994 through June 1996, Acute ACE inhibitor use increased from 14.0% in 1994 to 17.3% in 1996, After controlling for all important clinical variables, we found that there was a significant increase in the odds of acute ACE inhibitor treatment over time (odds ratio [OR]1.07 for each 180-day period; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.06 to 1.08; p < 0.0001), Univariate data suggested that patients treated acutely with ACE inhibitors tended to be older (70.9 vs 67.2 years) and had lower rates of in-hospital mortality (8.8% vs 11.0%). Independent predictors of receiving an ACE inhibitor acutely included anterior wall infarction (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.40), Killip class 2 or 3 (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.72 to 1.83), prior myocardial infarction (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.37), prior history of congestive heart failure (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.82 to 1.95), and diabetes mellitus (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.38). Physicians are prescribing ACE inhibitors acutely in patients with AMI with increasing frequency. patients with evidence of congestive heart failure and those with anterior myocardial infarction have the greatest expected benefit from such therapy, and these persons receive such treatment most often. However, most patients hospitalized with AAAI do not receive this potentially life-saving therapy. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medico, Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Moffitt Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Genentech Inc, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. RP Michaels, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Moffitt Hosp, 505 Parnassus Ave,11th Floor,Box 0124, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RI Maynard, Charles/N-3906-2015 OI Maynard, Charles/0000-0002-1644-7814 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 10 BP 1176 EP 1181 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00530-5 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 253AP UT WOS:000083534700006 PM 10569326 ER PT J AU Schultz, S Harris, KW AF Schultz, S Harris, KW TI The erythropoietin receptor WSXWS motif regulates correct receptor folding and secretion in yeast by stabilization of the second cytokine receptor module. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 190 BP 45A EP 45A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790300239 ER PT J AU Kussick, SJ Chinery, R Tkachuk, DC AF Kussick, SJ Chinery, R Tkachuk, DC TI Leukemia-associated HRX fusion proteins inhibit p53-dependent apoptosis transcriptional activity. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol, Nashville, TN USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 219 BP 52A EP 52A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790300268 ER PT J AU Wu, DY Krumm, A Schubach, WH AF Wu, DY Krumm, A Schubach, WH TI In vivo promoter targeting of the human SWI/SNF complex by Epstein-Barr nuclear protein EBNA2. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 235 BP 55A EP 55A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790300284 ER PT J AU Heinrich, M Zigler, A Griffith, D Druker, B Wait, C Ott, K AF Heinrich, M Zigler, A Griffith, D Druker, B Wait, C Ott, K TI Selective pharmacological inhibition of wild type and mutant c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase activity in hematopoietic cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Hematol Med Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Hematol, Portland, OR USA. RI zigler, arie/C-2667-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 265 BP 62A EP 62A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790300314 ER PT J AU Durante, W Liao, L Reyna, SV Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Liao, L Reyna, SV Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Transforming growth factor-beta 1 stimulates L-arginine transport and metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells: Role in arterial remodeling. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 3478 BP 72B EP 72B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790700322 ER PT J AU Tsai, TW Patterson, JE Przykucki, J Callander, N Anderson, J Alsina, M Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO AF Tsai, TW Patterson, JE Przykucki, J Callander, N Anderson, J Alsina, M Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO TI Prospective study evaluating the incidence and clinical outcome of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) colonization and infection in stem cell transplant patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 659 BP 150A EP 150A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790300708 ER PT J AU Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD AF Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD TI Transfer of Tel into the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line REH results in increased expression of Bax and decreased cell survival. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 3876 BP 157B EP 157B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790700720 ER PT J AU Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD AF Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD TI The ETS factor Tel inhibits proliferation of K562 cells by downregulation of the cyclin D3. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1155 BP 260A EP 260A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790301204 ER PT J AU Gokmen, E Callander, N Alexander, J Morris, A Tsai, TW Rosen, DM Anderson, J Alsina, M Craig, F Holle, L Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Hilsenbeck, S Valley, A West, L Egorin, MJ Freytes, CO AF Gokmen, E Callander, N Alexander, J Morris, A Tsai, TW Rosen, DM Anderson, J Alsina, M Craig, F Holle, L Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Hilsenbeck, S Valley, A West, L Egorin, MJ Freytes, CO TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of paclitaxel incorporated into the "augmented" high-dose cyclophosphamide, carmustine and etoposide (CBV) as conditioning chemotherapy for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Canc, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 4656 BP 320B EP 320B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790701500 ER PT J AU Cruz, JC Tsai, TW Callander, N Anderson, JE Alsina, M Holle, L Craig, F Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO AF Cruz, JC Tsai, TW Callander, N Anderson, JE Alsina, M Holle, L Craig, F Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO TI Paclitaxel is an effective agent for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization in patients (PTS) with hematologic malignancies. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 4729 BP 336B EP 337B PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790701573 ER PT J AU Gazitt, Y Callander, N Freytes, CO Shaughnessy, P Tsai, TW Alsina, M Anderson, JE Devore, P AF Gazitt, Y Callander, N Freytes, CO Shaughnessy, P Tsai, TW Alsina, M Anderson, JE Devore, P TI A randomized prospective study of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization with cyclophosphamide (CTX) in combination with G-CSF, GM-CSF, or sequential GM-CSF followed by G-CSF, in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 4736 BP 338B EP 338B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790701580 ER PT J AU Tsai, TW Callander, N Anderson, JE Alsina, M Holle, L Craig, F Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO AF Tsai, TW Callander, N Anderson, JE Alsina, M Holle, L Craig, F Cruz, J Baltathakis, I Freytes, CO TI Prospective controlled study using paclitaxel for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 4757 BP 342B EP 343B PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PM UT WOS:000083790701601 ER PT J AU Heinrich, M Silvey, K Zigler, A Griffith, D Montalto, M Chai, L Zhi, Y Hoatlin, M AF Heinrich, M Silvey, K Zigler, A Griffith, D Montalto, M Chai, L Zhi, Y Hoatlin, M TI Post-transcriptional regulation of human FANCC expression during cell cycle progression is dependent upon activity of the proteasome. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Hematol, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Hematol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RI zigler, arie/C-2667-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1812 BP 409A EP 409A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790301861 ER PT J AU Christodoulides, NJ Feng, SJ Resendiz, J Kroll, MH AF Christodoulides, NJ Feng, SJ Resendiz, J Kroll, MH TI Pathological shear stress directly causes serine phosphorylation of platelet filamin A (actin binding protein-280) that associates with GPIb alpha. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1969 BP 443A EP 443A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790302018 ER PT J AU Ye, CC Swinnen, LJ Fan, HX Grogan, TM Gulley, ML AF Ye, CC Swinnen, LJ Fan, HX Grogan, TM Gulley, ML TI Bc16 is not overexpressed in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Loyola Univ, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Pathol, Tucson, AZ USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Lab Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2322 BP 519A EP 519A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 257PH UT WOS:000083790302371 ER PT J AU Sato, N Kuziel, WA Melby, PC Reddick, RL Kostecki, V Zhao, WG Maeda, N Ahuja, SK Ahuja, SS AF Sato, N Kuziel, WA Melby, PC Reddick, RL Kostecki, V Zhao, WG Maeda, N Ahuja, SK Ahuja, SS TI Defects in the generation of IFN-gamma are overcome to control infection with Leishmania donovani in CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 5-, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha-, or CCR2-deficient mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HOST-DEFENSE; HIV-1 CORECEPTOR; CUTTING EDGE; MIP-1-ALPHA; TH1; CELLS AB We investigated the immune responses in mice lacking CCR2, CCR5, or macrophage inflammatory protein-la (MIP-1 alpha), a ligand for CCR5, in two situations: following T cell stimulation or after challenge with Leishmania donovani, an intracellular microbe whose control is dependent on a Th1 immune response. Mice deficient in CCR5, MIP-1 alpha, or CCR2 had reduced IFN-gamma responses following ligation of the TCR, Reduced IFN-gamma responses following PMA and ionomycin were also observed in CD8(+) T cells of CCR5(-/-) and CCR2(-/-) mice. During the early phases of infection, all three knockout mice had low Ag-specific IFN-gamma responses. However, this reduced IFN-gamma response was overcome during a state of persistent Ag stimulation (chronic infection), and was not associated with an adverse parasitologic outcome in any of the gene-targeted mouse strains, To the contrary, during the late phase of infection, an exaggerated Ag-specific IFN-gamma response was evident in CCR5(-/-) and MIP-1 alpha(-/-) mice, and this correlated,vith an enhanced control of parasite replication. Although granuloma formation was abnormal in each of the knockout mice, there was no correlation between the number or architecture of the granulomas and parasite burden. Collectively, these findings indicate an important role for CCR5, MIP-1 alpha, and CCR2 in granulomatous inflammation, and that CCR5 and MIP-1 alpha, possibly acting through CCR5, might play a deleterious role in the outcome of chronic L, donovani infection, Our data also suggest that there might be cross-talk between TCR and chemokine receptor signaling pathways. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med,Audie L Murphy Div, S TExas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol,Audie L Murphy Div, S TExas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Cell & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Ahuja, SS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med,Audie L Murphy Div, S TExas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43279] NR 42 TC 116 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 10 BP 5519 EP 5525 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 254XB UT WOS:000083638400044 PM 10553079 ER PT J AU Chung, CY Iida-Klein, A Wyatt, LE Rudkin, GH Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Chung, CY Iida-Klein, A Wyatt, LE Rudkin, GH Ishida, K Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Serial passage of MC3T3-E1 cells alters osteoblastic function and responsiveness to transforming growth factor-beta 1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AGED RATS; GENE-EXPRESSION; INVITRO; PHENOTYPE; DIFFERENTIATION; PROLIFERATION; LINE; SENESCENCE; FIBROBLAST; OSTEOGENIN AB The murine-derived clonal MC3T3-E1 cell is a well-studied osteoblast-like cell line. To understand the effects of serial passages on its cellular function, we examined changes in cell morphology, gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), proliferation, and osteoblastic function between early passage (<20) and late passage (>65) cells. MC3T3-E1 cells developed an elongated, spindle shape after multiple passages. Intercellular communication decreased significantly (33%) in late vs. early passage cells. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) stimulated cell proliferation in early passage cells and induced c-fos expression, while it inhibited proliferation in late passage cells. Using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OC) secretion as markers for osteoblastic function and differentiation, we demonstrated that both markers were significantly reduced after multiple cell passages. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) significantly enhanced ALP activity and OC secretion in early passage cells while TGF-beta 1 exerted an opposite effect. Both BMP-8 and TGF-beta 1 had minimal effects on late passage cells. We conclude that serial passage alters MC3T3-E1 cell morphology, and significantly diminishes GJIC, osteoblastic function, TGF-beta 1-mediated cell proliferation, and responsiveness to TGF-beta 1 and BMP-2. Cell passage numbers should be clearly defined in functional studies involving MC3T3-E1 cells. (C) 1999 Academic Press.. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Plast Surg Res Lab, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Plast Surg Res Lab, Plast Surg Sect, Bldg 114,Room 221,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [F32AG05708-01] NR 36 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD NOV 11 PY 1999 VL 265 IS 1 BP 246 EP 251 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1639 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 256JB UT WOS:000083721200041 PM 10548521 ER PT J AU Li, SL Schlegel, W Valente, AJ Clark, RA AF Li, SL Schlegel, W Valente, AJ Clark, RA TI Critical flanking sequences of PU.1 binding sites in myeloid-specific promoters SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PU.1; HEMATOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MUTATIONS; STIMULATING FACTOR-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; B-LYMPHOCYTES; ETS FAMILY; REQUIRES; MACROPHAGE; C/EBP AB The myeloid-specific transcription factor PU.1 is essential for expression of p47(phox), a component of the superoxide-forming phagocyte NADPH oxidase. The consensus PU.1 binding sequence (GAGGAA) is located on the non-coding strand from position -40 to -45 relative to the transcriptional start site of the p47phox promoter. A promoter construct extending to -46 was sufficient to drive tissue-specific expression of the luciferase reporter gene, but extension of the promoter from -46 to -48 resulted in a significant increase in reporter expression. Mutations of the nucleotides G at -46 and/or T at -47 reduced both reporter expression and PU.1 binding, whereas mutations at -48 had no effect, The PU.1 binding avidity of these sequences correlated closely with their capacity to dictate reporter gene transcription. In parallel studies on the functional PU.1 site in the promoter of CD18, mutations of nucleotides G and T at positions -76 and -77 (corresponding to -46 and -47, respectively, of the p47phox promoter) reduced PU.1 binding and nearly abolished the contribution of this element to promoter activity. We conclude that the immediate flanking nucleotides of the PU.1 consensus motif have significant effects on PU.1 binding avidity and activity and that this region is the dominant cis element regulating p47phox expression. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Geneva, Fdn Rech Med, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Clark, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI020866, AI20866, R37 AI020866] NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 45 BP 32453 EP 32460 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.45.32453 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 252ZL UT WOS:000083532100098 PM 10542290 ER PT J AU Singh, BN AF Singh, BN TI Overview of trends in the control of cardiac arrhythmia: Past and future SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS; IMPLANTABLE DEFIBRILLATOR; SUDDEN-DEATH; AMIODARONE; EFFICACY; AGENT; DRUG; REPOLARIZATION; TACHYCARDIA; MORTALITY C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiol 111E, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiol 111E, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 EI 1879-1913 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 4 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 9A SI SI BP 3R EP 10R PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 253EV UT WOS:000083544400002 PM 10568654 ER PT J AU Nattel, S Singh, BN AF Nattel, S Singh, BN TI Evolution, mechanisms, and classification of antiarrhythmic drugs: Focus on class III actions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 71st Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association Meeting CY NOV 08-12, 1998 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Amer Heart Assoc ID RECTIFIER K+-CURRENT; EXPERIMENTAL ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; VENTRICULAR INTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS; CARDIAC PURKINJE-FIBERS; REVERSE USE DEPENDENCE; TORSADE-DE-POINTES; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; CONTROLLED TRIALS; CLINICAL-TRIALS AB Since the use of cinchona bark to treat heart palpitations in the 1700s, antiarrhythmic drug therapy has developed with the discovery of new compounds and the identification of ionic, cellular, and tissue mechanisms of action. Classifications have been developed that organize the large amount of information available about antiarrhythmic drugs around groups of compounds with common mechanisms of action. Despite important and well-recognized limitations, antiarrhythmic drug classification is still widely used. In particularly broad use is the system developed by Singh and Vaughan Williams in the early 1970s and subsequently modified by Singh and Hauswirth and by Harrison. This classification divides drug actions into class I for sodium-channel blockade (with subclasses IA, IS and IC), class II for adrenergic antagonism, class III for action-potential prolongation, and class IV for calcium-channel blockade. The development of class I drugs was curtailed when studies showed that potent sodium-channel blockers (particularly IC agents) can increase mortality in patients with active coronary artery disease. The emphasis in drug development shifted to class III agents, but their use has been limited by the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmia induction associated with QT prolongation. Current research focuses on the development of new class III drugs that may have improved safety by virtue of greater selectivity of action at faster rates (like those of arrhythmia) or for atrial tissue. Alternative approaches include the modification of existing molecules (like amiodarone) to maintain positive properties while removing undesirable ones, and treatments that target development of the arrhythmia substrate instead of the final electrical product. (C)1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Montreal Heart Inst, Dept Med, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. McGill Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Montreal, PQ, Canada. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Nattel, S (reprint author), Montreal Heart Inst, Dept Med, Res Ctr, 5000 Belanger St E, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. NR 78 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 4 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 9A SI SI BP 11R EP 19R PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 253EV UT WOS:000083544400003 PM 10568655 ER PT J AU Ogunyankin, KO Singh, BN AF Ogunyankin, KO Singh, BN TI Mortality reduction by antiadrenergic modulation of arrhythmogenic substrate: Significance of combining beta blockers and amiodarone SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 71st Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association Meeting CY NOV 08-12, 1998 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Amer Heart Assoc ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LEFT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; HEART-FAILURE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BLOCKADE; DRUG; EXPERIENCE; THERAPY; TRIAL AB Over the last 3 decades, there have been numerous experimental and clinical studies that utilized beta blockers for acute as well as chronic myocardial syndromes, especially in the setting of myocardial infarction in which the focus has been on mortality reduction. The results of these studies demonstrated the benefits of these agents at all stages of coronary artery disease. Although these data have always indicated that beta blockade per se is an antiarrhythmic as well as an antifibrillatory mechanism, the recognition of this phenomenon has been slow in finding universal appreciation. More recent studies have evaluated the additive role of beta blockers to newer therapies, A number of investigations have now established that this class of drugs does exert antifibrillatory action in preventing the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF), thereby reducing sudden arrhythmic death and prolonging survival. it is of interest that 2 of the leading antiarrhythmic dregs, amiodarone and sotalol, also have antiadrenergic properties. This article reviews the expanding role of beta-blocking drugs in the control and prevention of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias with a particular focus on the evidence for synergistic benefits when they are combined with other interventions, especially amiodarone. (C)1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Bassett Healthcare, Div Cardiol, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Ogunyankin, KO (reprint author), Bassett Healthcare, Div Cardiol, 1 Atwell Rd, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 4 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 9A SI SI BP 76R EP 82R PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 253EV UT WOS:000083544400012 PM 10568664 ER PT J AU Singh, BN Mody, FV Lopez, B Sarma, JSM AF Singh, BN Mody, FV Lopez, B Sarma, JSM TI Antiarrhythmic agents for atrial fibrillation: Focus on prolonging atrial repolarization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 71st Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association Meeting CY NOV 08-12, 1998 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Amer Heart Assoc ID LOW-DOSE AMIODARONE; LEFT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; TORSADE-DE-POINTES; CLASS-III AGENTS; SINUS RHYTHM; ELECTRICAL CARDIOVERSION; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIAS; SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS; AZIMILIDE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AB Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been the subject of considerable attention and intensive clinical research in recent years. Current opinion among physicians on the management of AF favors the restoration and maintenance of normal sinus rhythm. This has several potential benefits, including the alleviation of arrhythmia-associated symptoms, hemodynamic improvements, and possibly a reduced risk of thromboembolic events. After normal sinus rhythm has been restored, antiarrhythmic therapy is necessary to reduce the frequency of AF recurrence, in the selection of an antiarrhythmic agent, both efficacy and safety should be taken into consideration. Many antiarrhythmic agents have the capacity to provoke proarrhythmia, which may result in an increase in mortality. This is of particular concern with sodium-channel blockers in the context of patients with structural heart disease. Flecainide and propafenone are well tolerated and effective in maintaining sinus rhythm in patients without significant cardiac disease but with AF. Recent interest has focused on the use of class III antiarrhythmic agents, such as amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide (recently of AF and atrial flutter), and azimilide (still to be approved) in patients with AF and structural heart disease. To date, amiodarone and sotalol still hold the greatest interest, and although controlled clinical trials with these agents have been few,a number are in progress and some have been recently completed. These agents are effective in maintaining normal sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF and are associated with a low incidence of proarrhythmia when used appropriately. Because of the relative paucity of placebo-controlled trials of antiarrhythmic agents in patients with AF, experience until recently has tended to dictate treatment decisions. Increasingly, selection of drug therapy is being based on a careful and individualized benefit-risk evaluation by means of controlled clinical trials, an approach that is likely to dominate the overall approach to the control of atrial fibrillation in the largest numbers of cases of the arrhythmia. Pharmacologic therapy is likely to be dominated by compounds that exert their predominant effect by prolonging atrial repolarization, (C)1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 77 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 4 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 9A SI SI BP 161R EP 173R PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 253EV UT WOS:000083544400025 PM 10568677 ER PT J AU Malave, HA Taylor, AA Lee-Jackson, D Mann, DL AF Malave, HA Taylor, AA Lee-Jackson, D Mann, DL TI Elevated circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor correlate with depressed heart rate variability in patients with heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 1063 BP 206 EP 206 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417101062 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, PA Parsons, L Every, NR AF Heidenreich, PA Parsons, L Every, NR TI Long-term outcomes and resource utilization after admission for unstable angina SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Palo Alto VA Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 1667 BP 318 EP 318 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417101665 ER PT J AU Corvera-Tindel, TE Dracup, KA Doering, LV AF Corvera-Tindel, TE Dracup, KA Doering, LV TI Specific activity scale is a predictor of peak oxygen consumption in heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 1696 BP 324 EP 324 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417101694 ER PT J AU Every, NR Neil, N Cohen, DJ Spertus, JA Ramsey, S Weaver, WD Taira, DA AF Every, NR Neil, N Cohen, DJ Spertus, JA Ramsey, S Weaver, WD Taira, DA TI Resource utilization and health status impact of primary stent vs optimal PTCA: The OPUS trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. St Lukes Hosp, Mid Amer Heart Inst, Kansas City, MO 64111 USA. Henry Ford Hlth Care Syst, Detroit, MI USA. RI Neil, Nancy/I-4913-2012 OI Neil, Nancy/0000-0002-1442-028X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 2058 BP 392 EP 392 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417102056 ER PT J AU Ratcliffe, MB Wallace, AW Teerlink, JR Hong, J Salahieh, A Sung, SH AF Ratcliffe, MB Wallace, AW Teerlink, JR Hong, J Salahieh, A Sung, SH TI Radiofrequency heating of chronic ovine myocardial infarction leads to sustained reductions in infarct sire and left ventricular volume SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UCSF, San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RI Teerlink, John/D-2986-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 2710 BP 514 EP 514 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417102706 ER PT J AU Aurigemma, GP Williams, D Reda, DJ Gottdiener, JS AF Aurigemma, GP Williams, D Reda, DJ Gottdiener, JS TI Ventricular and myocardial function following LV mass reduction in hypertensives: Results from the department of veterans affairs cooperative study of single drug therapy in hypertension SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Hines, IL 60141 USA. St Francis Hosp, Roslyn, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 2 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 18 SU S MA 4556 BP 863 EP 863 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 250YD UT WOS:000083417104546 ER PT J AU Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K O'Connor, M Kelley, ME AF Maisto, SA Conigliaro, J McNeil, M Kraemer, K O'Connor, M Kelley, ME TI Factor structure of the SOCRATES in a sample of primary care patients SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE brief interventions; alcohol problems; primary care; SOCRATES; factor structure ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; BRIEF INTERVENTIONS; DRINKERS; ALCOHOL; READINESS; VALIDITY; DRINKING AB Motivation or readiness to change has been studied intensively in recent years in research on the use of brief interventions to change alcohol problems in the primary care setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure and concurrent and predictive evidence for validity of the short Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES), a 19-item self-report instrument developed to measure readiness to change alcohol problems in individuals presenting for specialized alcohol treatment. The participants were 210 men and 91 women who were identified as "at-risk" drinkers in 13 community primary care clinics. These individuals completed the SOCRATES and a number of other assessments as part of a preintervention evaluation. A principal components analysis of the SOCRATES data revealed a two-factor structure; a confirmatory factor analysis showed that this structure was a better fit to the data than the three-factor structure that Miller and Tonigan (1996) identified for the SOCRATES. The two factors (9 and 6 items, respectively), seemed to measure perceived degree of severity of an existing alcohol problem (caned "Amrec" because it consisted of Miller and Tonigan's ambivalence and recognition items) and taking action to change or to maintain changes in one that exists (called "Taking Steps"). Predictions of significant and nonsignificant correlations between the two derived factors and other baseline variables (alcohol consumption, related problems and symptoms; and demographic factors) generally were confirmed. In addition, baseline Amrec scores were related in predicted directions to 6-month alcohol consumption and related problems data, but the magnitude of these relationships were reduced when other variables that correlated with Amrec or when the 6-month data were taken into account. In general, Taking Steps showed little or no relationship to the 6-month data. The results are compared to previous work with the SOCRATES and suggestions for future research are discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Hlth Care, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Maisto, SA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Psychol, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [5K08-AA00235, AA1029] NR 29 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 24 IS 6 BP 879 EP 892 DI 10.1016/S0306-4603(99)00047-7 PG 14 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 258KX UT WOS:000083839300013 PM 10628520 ER PT J AU Sherman, SE D'Agostino, RB Silbershatz, H Kannel, WB AF Sherman, SE D'Agostino, RB Silbershatz, H Kannel, WB TI Comparison of past versus recent physical activity in the prevention of premature death and coronary artery disease SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EXERCISE; MORTALITY; HEALTH; WOMEN; MEN; DEPRESSION; STROKE AB Background People who are physically active live longer, but it is unclear whether this is because of physical activity in the distant or more recent post. Methods We assessed activity levels in 5209 men and women in the Framingham Heart Study from 1956 to 1958 and again from 1969 to 1973. We included individuals who were alive and without cardiovascular disease in the period 1969 to 1973. The primary outcome was death from all causes during the 16 years after the 1969 to 1973 assessment. Secondary outcomes were incidence and mortality rate of: cardiovascular disease. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate the relative risk of being sedentary, both unadjusted and controlling for smoking, weight, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose intolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer. Results The overall 16-year mortality rate was 37% for men and 27% For women. When both distant and recent activity levels were included along with major cardiovascular disease risk Factors, for recent activity the most active tertile had lower overall mortality rate than the least active tertile for men (risk ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.79) and women (risk ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.82). For distant activity there was no difference in overall mortality rate between the most and least active tertiles either for men or for women. Adjusting for major cardiovascular disease risk factors had little effect on the results. Conclusions The reduction in overall mortality rates is more associated with recent activity than distant activity. These results suggest that for sedentary patients, it may never be tao late to begin exercising. C1 Sepulveda Ambulatory Care & Nursing Ctr, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Primary Ambulatory Care & Educ Ctr, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Math, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Prevent Med & Epidemiol Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Sherman, SE (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, PACE Ctr 00PG, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 10415-01] NR 24 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 5 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 138 IS 5 BP 900 EP 907 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70015-3 PN 1 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 251WD UT WOS:000083468600015 PM 10539821 ER PT J AU Ardehali, A Kessler, D Foroushani, F Laks, H AF Ardehali, A Kessler, D Foroushani, F Laks, H TI Multivessel coronary artery bypass surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BEATING HEART; OCTOPUS; FLOW AB Background There is limited experience with complete myocardial revascularization on a beating heart. Using a mechanical stabilization system, we sought to determine if complete coronary revascularization is feasible without cardiopulmonary bypass and what the short-term clinical outcome would be. Methods From February through September 1998, 26 patients underwent complete myocardial revascularization with Medtronics Octopus Tissue Stabilization System. Mean age for the group was 62 +/- 7 years (range 48 to 78 years); 11% had prior interventions. Mean preoperative ejection fraction was 49% +/- 14% (range 20% to 66%); 38% of operations were performed urgently. The mean number of vessels grafted was 3.0 +/- 0.9 (range 1 to 5 grafts/patient). In 96% of patients, at least one arterial graft was used. Fifteen percent of patients had 2 or more arterial grafts. In 58% of patients, a branch of circumflex coronary artery was bypassed. Results The median time to extubation was 2 hours (range 0 to 37 hours). None of the patients had perioperative myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, or renal failure requiring dialysis. The 30-day survival rate was 100%. Angiographic follow-up was not available. At a mean follow-up period of 3.8 +/- 2.9 months, all patients remained free of angina and none has required cardiac reintervention. Conclusions Complete myocardial revascularization on a beating heart can be achieved with the currently available stabilization systems and is associated with low perioperative complications and satisfactory short-term clinical outcomes. The long-term outcomes and graft patency remain to be determined. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Sch Med,Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Ardehali, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Sch Med,Dept Surg, 62-232 CHS,10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 138 IS 5 BP 983 EP 986 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70027-X PN 1 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 251WD UT WOS:000083468600027 PM 10539833 ER PT J AU Samaha, FF AF Samaha, FF TI QTC interval prolongation and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in association with levofloxacin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID SPARFLOXACIN; REPOLARIZATION C1 Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Samaha, FF (reprint author), Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 7 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 107 IS 5 BP 528 EP 529 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 253YC UT WOS:000083583900021 PM 10569314 ER PT J AU Yuan, PQ Yang, H AF Yuan, PQ Yang, H TI Hypothyroidism induces Fos-like immunoreactivity in ventral medullary neurons that synthesize TRH SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE thyroid hormones; thyroxine; raphe pallidus; raphe obscurus; parapyramidal regions ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; DORSAL VAGAL COMPLEX; HYPOTHALAMIC PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; GASTRIC-ACID SECRETION; THYROID-HORMONE; GENE-EXPRESSION; C-FOS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAT HYPOTHALAMUS; RAPHE PALLIDUS AB Altered thyroid statuses are associated with autonomic disorders. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in medullary nuclei regulates vagal efferent activity. Induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity (IR) in medullary TRH-synthesizing neurons was investigated in 24-h fasted rats with different thyroid statuses. Hypo- and hyperthyroidism were induced by 6-N-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) in drinking water and a daily intraperitoneal injection of thyroxine (T-4; 10 mu g.100 g(-1).day(-1)), respectively, for 1-4 mk. The numbers of Fos-like IR positive neurons in the raphe pallidus, raphe obscurus, and parapyramidal regions, which were low in euthyroid rats (0-2/section), increased remarkably as the hypothyroidism progressed and were negatively correlated with serum T-4 levels. At the 4th wk, Fos-like IR positive neurons were 10- to 70-fold higher compared with euthyroid controls. Simultaneous T-4 replacement (2 mu g.100 g(-1).day(-1)) prevented the increases of Fos-like IR in PTU-treated rats. Hyperthyroidism did not change the number of Fos-like IR neurons in the raphe nuclei but reduced it in the parapyramidal regions. Double immunostaining revealed that most of the Fos-like IR induced by hypothyroidism was located in the prepro-TRH IR positive neurons. The selective and sustained induction of Fos-like IR in TRH-synthesizing neurons in ventral medullary nuclei by hypothyroidism indicates that these neurons play a role in the autonomic disorders observed in altered thyroid statuses. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, DDRC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, DDRC, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 203, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50255, DK-41301] NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 277 IS 5 BP E927 EP E936 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 254EJ UT WOS:000083598700021 PM 10567022 ER PT J AU Reiner, B Siegel, E Protopapas, Z Hooper, F Ghebrekidan, H Scanlon, M AF Reiner, B Siegel, E Protopapas, Z Hooper, F Ghebrekidan, H Scanlon, M TI Impact of filmless radiology on frequency of clinician consultations with radiologists SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 96th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY MAY 05-10, 1996 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc ID SERVICE AB OBJECTIVE. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of filmless operation on the relative frequency of in-person consultations in the radiology department between radiologists and clinicians. CONCLUSION. The transition to filmless operation at the Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center was associated with an 82% reduction in the in-person consultation rate for general radiography and a 44% reduction for cross-sectional imaging despite an increase in the volume of studies. The major reason for this decrease was the convenient access to current and prior images provided by the PACS (picture archiving and communication system). Radiology departments contemplating a transition to filmless operation should prepare for communication with clinicians to shift from being mostly in person to being conducted more and more through electronic forms of communication. C1 Vet Affairs Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Amer Radiol Serv, Baltimore, MD 21208 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Siegel, E (reprint author), Vet Affairs Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol, 10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 21 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 173 IS 5 BP 1169 EP 1172 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 249BM UT WOS:000083312300004 PM 10541082 ER PT J AU Yusin, JS Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB AF Yusin, JS Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB TI Facial edema, oral ulcers, and a cutaneous eruption following a dental procedure utilizing diflunisal and mepivacaine SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALLERGIC REACTION; HYPERSENSITIVITY C1 VA Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Allergy & Immunol Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Allergy & Immunol Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Klaustermeyer, WB (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles VA Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Allergy & Immunol Div, 111R,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 83 IS 5 BP 353 EP 355 DI 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62830-X PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 259KA UT WOS:000083892000003 PM 10582713 ER PT J AU Fields-Jones, S Koletsky, A Wilding, G O'Rourke, M O'Rourke, T Eckardt, J Yates, B McGuirt, C Burris, HA AF Fields-Jones, S Koletsky, A Wilding, G O'Rourke, M O'Rourke, T Eckardt, J Yates, B McGuirt, C Burris, HA TI Improvements in clinical benefit with vinorelbine in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer: A phase II trial SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clinical benefit; prostate cancer; vinorelbine ID PALLIATIVE END-POINTS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; ORAL ETOPOSIDE; ESTRAMUSTINE; MITOXANTRONE; PREDNISONE; ANTIGEN AB Background: Clinical activity is difficult to assess by traditional response endpoints in patients with advanced prostate cancer. We used clinical benefit response to assess the activity of vinorelbine (Navelbine(R)) in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Patients and methods: Forty-nine men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer received vinorelbine weekly for eight weeks followed by every-other-week dosing. Clinical benefit response was defined by improvement in 1 of the following categories for at least 12 weeks and stable response or better in the other 2: pain index (analgesic consumption and pain intensity), Karnofsky performance status, and tumor status. Results: Of 37 evaluable patients, 14 (39%) achieved clinical benefit for a median duration of 6 months (range 3-24 months). Toxicities consisted primarily of brief neutropenia and mild nausea. Conclusion: These findings indicate that vinorelbine is well tolerated in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and produces durable clinical benefit as defined by improvement in pain index and performance status. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. JFK Comprehens Canc Ctr, Lake Worth, FL USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Madison, WI USA. Hematol & Oncol Associates PA, Greenville, SC USA. Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Burris, HA (reprint author), Sarah Cannon Canc Ctr, 250 25th Ave N,Suite 412, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. NR 11 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1307 EP 1310 DI 10.1023/A:1008315106697 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 278FZ UT WOS:000084979300011 PM 10631457 ER PT J AU Gray, SL Mahoney, JE Blough, DK AF Gray, SL Mahoney, JE Blough, DK TI Adverse drug events in elderly patients receiving home health services following hospital discharge SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Clinical-Pharmacy CY NOV 04-12, 1997 CL PHOENIX, ARIZONA SP Amer Coll Clin Pharm DE adverse drug events; hospital discharge ID OLDER OUTPATIENTS; RISK; ADMISSION; FALLS AB OBJECTIVE: TO assess incidence, healthcare consequences, and identify risk factors for adverse drug events (ADEs) in elderly patients receiving home health services during the month following hospital discharge. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of three home health agencies in Madison, Wisconsin, and its surrounding area. The sample consisted of 256 participants aged greater than or equal to 65 years who were hospitalized for medical illness, received home nursing after discharge, and completed the one-month interview. The main outcome measure was self-reported ADEs (possible, probable, or definite) during the month following hospital discharge. RESULTS: Incidence of ADEs was 20%, Fifty-two participants (20.3%) reported 64 ADEs: 23 possible, 37 probable, and four definite. The most common ADEs involved the gastrointestinal tract (31.3%) and the central nervous system (31.3%). Of 53 ADEs reported to providers, 59% of the drugs were discontinued or altered. One ADE resulted in hospitalization. In logistic regression, female gender (OR = 2.26; 95% CI 1.06 to 4.77) and the interaction between number of new medications and cognition were significantly associated with ADEs. The risk of an event increased with the number of new medications at discharge; however, risk was elevated primarily for participants with lower cognition. CONCLUSIONS: ADEs were common during the month following hospital discharge, were more frequent in women, and often resulted in medication changes. Individuals at particular risk were those with lower cognition who were discharged with several new medications. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI USA. RP Gray, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Box 357630, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K08AG00808-01, K08AG00623] NR 30 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1147 EP 1153 DI 10.1345/aph.19036 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 256HG UT WOS:000083719400001 PM 10573310 ER PT J AU Holman, WL Peterson, ED Athanasuleas, CL Allman, RM Sansom, M Kiefe, C Sherrill, RG AF Holman, WL Peterson, ED Athanasuleas, CL Allman, RM Sansom, M Kiefe, C Sherrill, RG CA Alabama CABG Cooperative Project S TI Alabama Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Cooperative Project: Baseline data SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Thoracic-Surgeons CY JAN 24-29, 1999 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Soc Thorac Surgeons ID NEW-YORK-STATE; SURGERY; MORTALITY; QUALITY; VOLUME AB Background. The Alabama Cooperative CABG Project is a statewide process-oriented analysis of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The purpose of this report is to present the first information generated by this analysis, which will serve as a baseline for subsequent quality improvement projects. Methods. Medical records of Medicare beneficiaries from Alabama, a comparison state, and a national random sample who had isolated CABG between July 1, 1995, and June 30, 1996, were examined. Fifty-six demographic, procedural, and outcome variables were abstracted. Quality indicators identified by the Alabama Quality Assurance Foundation Study Group included: internal mammary artery use, prescription of aspirin at discharge, duration of postoperative intubation, use of intraaortic balloon pump, readmission to intensive care unit, hospital readmission within 30 days, return to the operating room for bleeding, and in-patient mortality. Benchmark performance rates for quality indicators reflecting care processes were calculated. Results. Alabama, the comparison state, and the national sample consisted of 4,092, 2,290, and 1,119 patients, respectively. The processes of care and outcome, including risk-adjusted mortality, for CABG across the state of Alabama are generally similar to other states and nationwide samples. However, there was considerable variation at the local hospital level in Alabama for each quality indicator. Conclusions. The data provide a "snapshot" of practice patterns for CABG in Alabama. A specific quality indicator (duration of intubation) was identified as a focus for statewide improvement. Hospital-specific variations in quality indicators suggested opportunities for improvement in other indicators at a number of hospitals. (C) 1999 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Alabama Qual Assurance Fdn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. RP Holman, WL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Alabama Qual Assurance Fdn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Allman, Richard/D-5964-2011 FU PHS HHS [500-96-P605] NR 17 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 68 IS 5 BP 1592 EP 1598 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01000-0 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 259HF UT WOS:000083887900005 PM 10585026 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Mironova, M Lopes-Virella, MF AF Huang, Y Mironova, M Lopes-Virella, MF TI Oxidized LDL stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxidized LDL; metalloproteinases; endothelium; collagen ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE; OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; INVITRO; ANGIOGENESIS; PROTEINASES AB It has been well documented that acute myocardial infarction is triggered by disruption of atherosclerotic plaques. Immunocytochemistry studies have shown that matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is specifically expressed by cells present in atherosclerotic plaques, including luminal and neovascular endothelial cells. Since MMP-1 degrades type I collagen, a major type of collagen in atherosclerotic lesions, it is likely that MMP-1 is involved in promoting destabilization of plaques. To date, however, the stimulatory factors that induce MMP-1 expression in endothelial cells have not been well defined. In the present study, we found that oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) stimulated MMP-1 release from both human umbilical vein and aortic endothelial cells. We also found that oxidized LDL markedly stimulated MMP-1 expression in these cells and that the degree of LDL oxidation was positively correlated with the level of MMP-1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, our data showed that stimulated MMP-1 secretion was inhibited by actinomycin D and that the nascent MMP-1 mRNA synthesis was stimulated by oxidized LDL, indicating that oxidized LDL activated transcription of the MMP-1 gene. Finally, both zymography and activity assays demonstrated that collagenase activity in conditioned medium was stimulated by oxidized LDL. Taken together, these results have shown for the first time that oxidized LDL stimulates MMP-1 transcription and secretion by vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that oxidized LDL may be a potent stimulator for MMP-1 expression in atherosclerotic plaques, thus promoting plaque rupture. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Lopes-Virella, MF (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 30 TC 79 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2640 EP 2647 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 256LA UT WOS:000083725700009 PM 10559006 ER PT J AU Durante, W Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates heme oxygenase-1 gene expression and carbon monoxide production in vascular smooth muscle SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE platelet-derived growth factor; carbon monoxide; heme oxygenase ID HUMAN-SKIN FIBROBLASTS; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHESIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; SODIUM ARSENITE; CELLS; INDUCTION; BILIRUBIN; PROTEIN AB Recent studies indicate that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) generate CO from the degradation of heme by the enzyme heme oxygenase-l (HO-1). Because platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) modulates various responses of VSMCs, we examined whether this peptide regulates the expression of HO-1 and the production of CO by rat aortic SMCs. Treatment of SMCs with PDGF resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent increase in the levels of HO-1 mRNA and protein. Both actinomycin D and cycloheximide blocked PDGF-stimulated HO-1 mRNA and protein. In addition, PDGF stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species by SMCs. Both the PDGF-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species and the induction of HO-1 protein was inhibited by the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Incubation of platelets with PDGF-treated SMCs resulted in a significant increase in platelet cGMP concentration that was reversed by treatment of SMCs with the HO-1 inhibitor tin protoporphyrin-IX or by addition of the CO scavenger hemoglobin to platelets. In contrast, the nitric oxide inhibitor methyl-L-arginine did not block the stimulatory effect of PDGF-treated SMCs on platelet cGMP. Finally, incubation of SMCs with the releasate from collagen-activated platelets induced HO-1 protein expression that was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to PDGF. These results demonstrate that either administered exogenously or released by platelets, PDGF stimulates HO-1 gene expression and CO synthesis in vascular smooth muscle. The ability of PDGF to induce HO-1-catalyzed CO release by VSMCs may represent a novel mechanism by which this growth factor regulates vascular cell and platelet function. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Durante, W (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Bldg 109,Room 130,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-36045, HL-59976] NR 57 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 19 IS 11 BP 2666 EP 2672 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 256LA UT WOS:000083725700012 PM 10559009 ER PT J AU Fried, L AF Fried, L TI Mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; CAPD PATIENTS; TECHNIQUE SURVIVAL; SERUM-ALBUMIN; DEATH RISK; FAILURE; EXPERIENCE; MORBIDITY AB The incidence of end-stage renal disease is growing. Mortality remains high, despite improvements in care. Much of this can be explained by the presence of cardiovascular disease and other co-morbid conditions that are present at the start of dialysis. However, the dialysis treatment itself may exacerbate these conditions, and dialysis related factors such as adequacy, cytokine production, and dialysis-related infections are important factors in survival. Early studies reported similar or better survival on peritoneal dialysis (compared with hemodialysis), although more recent studies have questioned this finding. This review summarizes the information on mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Renal Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Fried, L (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, 938 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 45 IS 6 BP 526 EP 530 DI 10.1097/00002480-199911000-00004 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA 259MD UT WOS:000083896900003 PM 10593681 ER PT J AU Dohadwala, M Luo, J Lin, Y Sharma, S Stolina, M Zhu, L Dubinett, S AF Dohadwala, M Luo, J Lin, Y Sharma, S Stolina, M Zhu, L Dubinett, S TI Antisense inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 blocks invasion and promotes apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Immunol Pulm Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Hlthcare Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 6 IS 6 SU S MA O11 BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 265JR UT WOS:000084240100012 ER PT J AU Huang, M Kogai, T Lin, Y Batra, RK Hershman, JM Brent, GA Dubinett, SM AF Huang, M Kogai, T Lin, Y Batra, RK Hershman, JM Brent, GA Dubinett, SM TI Increased radioisotope uptake in non-small cell lung cancer following transfection with the sodium/iodide symporter gene SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Canc Gene Med Res Enhancement Award Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 6 IS 6 SU S MA O80 BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 265JR UT WOS:000084240100079 ER PT J AU Van Cleave, J Devine, P Odom-Ball, P AF Van Cleave, J Devine, P Odom-Ball, P TI Multidisciplinary cave of hepatocellular carcinoma SO CANCER PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE hepatocellular carcinoma; multidisciplinary care; neoplasm, liver; supportive care ID CANCER AB OBJECTIVES: Multidisciplinary care of cancer patients in varied settings is well described in the literature, but there is little specifically describing the multidisciplinary care of the patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (T-ICC). The purpose of this article is to describe HCC and the multidisciplinary approach at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center (PVAMC), MATERIALS AND METHODS: HCC is one of the most common solid tumors in the world. but it is rare in North America. It is associated with environmental carcinogens identified in animal studies, hepatitis B and C, cirrhosis of any etiology, and various metabolic diseases. No reliable therapy has been established for HCC. Surgical resection is the best treatment, but it is possible only in the patient with adequate hepatic reserve and limited-stage cancer. From January 1995 to May 1995, 22 patients at PVAMC received a diagnosis of primary HCC. One patient was a candidate for surgery hva patients received radiation therapy, and one patient underwent chemoembolization. Eighteen patients presented with an advanced-stage disease and comorbidities. RESULTS: Therapy goals in these 18 patients sere limited to supportive care and enhancement of quality of life. A multidisciplinary team provided care to this challenging patient population. The multidisciplinary team treating HCC at PVAMG consisted of physicians, nurses, pharmacists, social workers, and a chaplain. Most care occurred in the outpatient setting. Supportive therapy included the controlling of ascites and abdominal discomfort, hepatic encephalopathy, and pruritus. Opioids relieved abdominal pain Psychiatric support;and counseling helped patients and families cope with the poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: A multidisciplinary team approach helped provide care for this challenging population. Through anecdotal reports. patients and family expressed satisfaction with their care. Research is needed to systematically test interventions designed to enhance quality of life in patients with HCC. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Radiat Oncol Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Van Cleave, J (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, 38th & Woodland, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Van Cleave, Janet/E-1524-2014 OI Van Cleave, Janet/0000-0001-7011-4298 NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1065-4704 J9 CANCER PRACT JI Cancer Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 7 IS 6 BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.1046/j.1523-5394.1999.76007.x PG 7 WC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing SC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing GA 252FP UT WOS:000083491700011 PM 10732528 ER PT J AU Levine, SM Angel, L Anzueto, A Susanto, I Peters, JI Sako, EY Bryan, CL AF Levine, SM Angel, L Anzueto, A Susanto, I Peters, JI Sako, EY Bryan, CL TI A low incidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in 109 lung transplant recipients SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE Epstein-Barr virus; lung transplantation; posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; ORGAN-TRANSPLANTATION; ACYCLOVIR THERAPY; SINGLE-CENTER; RISK FACTOR; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; HEART; ALLOGRAFT; LYMPHOMAS; INFECTION AB Study objectives: The incidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) has been reported to range from 6.4 to 20% in lung transplant (LT) recipients. Postulated contributing factors include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the use of immunosuppression, particularly muromonab-CD3 (OKT3)(Orthoclone OKT-3; Ortho Biotech; Raritan, NJ). We sought to examine these PTLD risk factors in 109 LT recipients at our institution who survived >1 month. Design: Retrospective review of EBV serology of all LT recipients at our institution. Our standard transplant protocol includes OKT3 for induction and refractory rejection, as well as lifelong acyclovir for herpes prophylaxis, We do not perform EBV donor-recipient matching. Setting: A university-based LT center. Results: We found that 5 of 109 patients were serologically negative for EBV prior to lung transplantation, and all of these patients converted following lung transplantation, The mean time to conversion was 151 days (range, 11 to 365 days). One fatal case of PTLD was documented in an EBV seroconverter (one of five patients) 12 weeks status posttransplantation for lymphangioleiomyomatosis. One nonfatal extrathoracic PTLD was documented in a seropositive patient (1 of 104 patients) 33 months posttransplantation. Conclusions: We conclude the following: (1) PTLD in LT recipients may have a lower incidence (2 of 109 patients; 1.8%) than previously reported, despite an aggressive immunosuppressive regimen; and (2) the incidence of PTLD is higher in patients with primary EBV infection (20% vs 1%). C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Pulm Sect 111E, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm Dis Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Cardiothorac Surg & Transplant, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Levine, SM (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, Pulm Sect 111E, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 25 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 1999 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1273 EP 1277 DI 10.1378/chest.116.5.1273 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 256KF UT WOS:000083723900025 PM 10559086 ER PT J AU McCully, K Mancini, D Levine, S AF McCully, K Mancini, D Levine, S TI Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Its role in providing valuable insight into diverse clinical problems SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE humans; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; metabolism; muscle; respiratory disease ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; PERIPHERAL MUSCLE WEAKNESS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HEART-FAILURE; EXERCISE; RECOVERY; METABOLISM; KINETICS; P-31-MRS; FATIGUE AB Skeletal muscle plays an important role in respiratory and cardiovascular physiology. The ability to measure metabolic changes in skeletal muscle has been enhanced with the advent of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRS measurements have been used to understand the metabolic control of respiration and to evaluate metabolic changes in the muscle in patients with respiratory and cardiac diseases. The key to the respiratory control measurements is the ability to measure intracellular pH with MRS. Muscle oxidative metabolism has been measured in two ways: during steady-state exercise and using recovery kinetics. The similarities in the metabolic findings for pulmonary and coronary disease suggest the potential for some interesting common pathways. C1 Univ Georgia, Ramsey Student Ctr, Dept Exercise Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Cardiol, New York, NY USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP McCully, K (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ramsey Student Ctr, Dept Exercise Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 1999 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1434 EP 1441 DI 10.1378/chest.116.5.1434 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 256KF UT WOS:000083723900048 PM 10559109 ER PT J AU Lin, AL Shi, QH Johnson, DA Paterson, TF Rinaldi, MG Yeh, CK AF Lin, AL Shi, QH Johnson, DA Paterson, TF Rinaldi, MG Yeh, CK TI Further characterization of human salivary anticandidal activities in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive cohort by use of microassays SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANDIDA-ALBICANS; DEFENSE-MECHANISMS; ORAL CANDIDIASIS; HIV-1 INFECTION; HEALTHY-ADULTS; PAROTID-SALIVA; AIDS; HISTATINS; PROTEINS; GROWTH AB Salivary anticandidal activities play an important role in oral candidal infection. R. P. Santarpia et al, (Oral Microbiol, Immunol, 7:38-43, 1992) developed in vitro anticandidal assays to measure the ability of saliva to inhibit the viability of Candida albicans blastoconidia and the formation of germ tubes by C. albicans, In this report, we describe modifications of these assays for use with small volumes of saliva (50 to 100 mu l). For healthy subjects, there is strong inhibition of blastoconidial viability in stimulated parotid (75%), submandibular-sublingual (74%), and whole (97%) saliva, as well as strong inhibition of germ tube formation (>80%) for all three saliva types. The susceptibility of several Candida isolates to inhibition of viability by saliva collected from healthy subjects is independent of body source of Candida isolation (blood, oral cavity, or vagina) or the susceptibility of the isolate to the antifungal drug fluconazole. Salivary anticandidal activities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls for inhibition of blastoconidial viability (P < 0.05) and germ tube formation (P < 0.001), Stimulated whole-saliva flow rates were also significantly lower (P < 0.05) for HIV-infected patients. These results show that saliva of healthy individuals has anticandidal activity and that this activity is reduced in the saliva of HIV-infected patients. These findings may help explain the greater incidence of oral candidal infections for individuals with AIDS. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Dent, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Yeh, CK (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-11381, R01 DE011381, DE-12188] NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 6 IS 6 BP 851 EP 855 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 254RF UT WOS:000083625400014 PM 10548575 ER PT J AU Patnaik, A Rowinsky, E Hammond, L Thurman, A Hidalgo, M Siu, L Williams, J Holroyd, K Nelson, K Von Hoff, DD Eckhardt, GS AF Patnaik, A Rowinsky, E Hammond, L Thurman, A Hidalgo, M Siu, L Williams, J Holroyd, K Nelson, K Von Hoff, DD Eckhardt, GS TI A phase I and pharmacokinetic (PK) study of the unique angiogenesis inhibitor squalamine lactate (MSI-1256F). SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Magainin Phrmaceut Inc, Plymouth Meeting, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 5 SU S MA 15 BP 3732S EP 3732S PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 260JL UT WOS:000083945700016 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Ottowitz, W Brown, CV Cummings, JL Perryman, KM Mandelkern, MA AF Mendez, MF Ottowitz, W Brown, CV Cummings, JL Perryman, KM Mandelkern, MA TI Dementia with leukoaraiosis: Clinical differentiation by temporoparietal hypometabolism on (18)FDG-PET imaging SO DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE dementia; leukoaraiosis; vascular dementia; Alzheimer's disease; positron emission tomography ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; PROBABLE ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HEALTHY ELDERLY SUBJECTS; CEREBRAL WHITE-MATTER; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LEUKO-ARAIOSIS; FDG PET; OXYGEN-METABOLISM; SENILE DEMENTIA AB Patients with dementia and leukoaraiosis may have either Alzheimer's disease (AD) with cerebrovascular changes or a form of vascular dementia (VaD). The presence or absence of the characteristic AD pattern of bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism on (18)FDG-PET was used to differentiate 30 patients with progressive dementia and severe leukoaraiosis. Compared to 18 patients with the typical AD pattern (group I), the remaining 12 (group II) had better recognition memory, and greater difficulty with sustained attention and serial reversals. Better recognition memory, confluent periventricular leukoaraiosis, and poorer sustained attention distinguished all group II patients from group I. Dementia patients with severe leukoaraiosis and bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism may have predominant AD; those who lack this pattern and have confluent leukoaraiosis may have a greater contribution from VaD. Copyright (C) 1999 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. UC Irvine, Dept Phys, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691 116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-8008 J9 DEMENT GERIATR COGN JI Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 10 IS 6 BP 518 EP 525 DI 10.1159/000017199 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254WK UT WOS:000083635000015 PM 10559569 ER PT J AU Morita, R Miyazaki, E Shah, PU Castroviejo, IP Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Morita, R Miyazaki, E Shah, PU Castroviejo, IP Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI Exclusion of the JRK/JH8 gene as a candidate for human childhood absence epilepsy mapped on 8q24 SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE JRK/JH8 gene; epilepsy; absence; jerky; childhood absence epilepsy; ECA1; 8q24 ID SEIZURES; CONVULSIONS; JERKY; MICE AB Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), one of the most common epilepsies in children, is genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous. One of the genes responsible for human CAE associated with tonic-clonic seizures has been mapped to chromosome band 8q24 by genetic linkage analysis and is termed ECA1. Recently, we isolated and mapped the JRK/JH8 gene, a human homologue of the mouse epilepsy gene, jerky, on 8q24. The epilepsy phenotype of the mice with inactivated jerky gene as well as its chromosomal localization proposed JRK/JH8 as a prominent candidate for the CAE gene. To confirm whether the JRK/JH8 gene is responsible for ECA1, we performed mutational analyses in the coding region of JRK/JH8 in two CAE families mapped on 8q24, using heteroduplex and direct sequencing methods. We identified seven nucleotide changes, two of which lead to amino acid substitutions. However, these changes did not co-segregate with the disease phenotype. In addition, we redefined the location of JRK/JH8 to be more than 4 Mb distant from D8S502 and ECA1. Thus, negative results of mutation analyses and detailed physical mapping exclude JRK/JH8 as the ECA1 gene. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Epilepsy Genom Labs, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. KEM Hosp, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Seth GS Med Coll, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Pediat Neurol Univ Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain. RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 FU NINDS NIH HHS [5PO1-NS21908] NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 37 IS 2 BP 151 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0920-1211(99)00061-3 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 239WE UT WOS:000082792200006 PM 10510981 ER PT J AU Sternini, C Wong, H Pham, T de Giorgio, R Miller, LJ Kuntz, SM Reeve, JR Walsh, JH Raybould, HE AF Sternini, C Wong, H Pham, T de Giorgio, R Miller, LJ Kuntz, SM Reeve, JR Walsh, JH Raybould, HE TI Expression of cholecystokinin A receptors in neurons innervating the rat stomach and intestine SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; GASTRIC-ACID SECRETION; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; PEPTIDE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; VAGAL INNERVATION; AFFERENT NEURONS; DIGESTIVE-SYSTEM; SUBSTANCE-P AB Background & Aims: Two distinct receptors, cholecystokinin (CCK)-A and CCK-B, mediate CCK effects in the digestive system. The aim of this study was to elucidate the cellular sites of expression of CCK-A receptor in the rat stomach and small intestine. Methods: We developed and characterized an antibody to the N-terminal region (LDQPQPSKEWQSA) of rat CCK-A receptor and used it for localization studies with immunohistochemistry. Results: Specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by (1) detection of a broad band at 85-95 kilodaltons in Western blots of membranes from CCK-A receptor CHO-transfected cells; (2) cell surface staining of CCK-A receptor-transfected cells, (3) translocation of CCK-A receptor immunostaining in CCK-A receptor-transfected cells after exposure to CCK; and (4) abolition of tissue immunostaining by preadsorbtion of the antibody with the peptide used for immunization. CCK-A receptor immunoreactivity was localized to myenteric neurons and to fibers in the muscle and mucosa. In the stomach, myenteric neurons and mucosal fibers were abundant. Many CCK-A receptor myenteric neurons contained the inhibitory transmitter vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and some were immunoreactive for the excitatory transmitter substance P. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy reduced the density of CCK-A receptor fibers in the gastric mucosa by approximately 50%, whereas celiac/superior mesenteric ganglionectomy had no detectable effect on fiber density. Conclusions: CCK-A receptor is expressed in functionally distinct neurons of the gastrointestinal tract. CCK-A receptor may mediate reflexes stimulated by CCK through the release of other transmitters from neurons bearing the receptor. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, Div Digest Dis, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Div Digest Dis, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Bologna, Dept Internal Med & Gastroenterol, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Ctr Basic Res & Digest Dis, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Room 2245, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM csternin@ucla.edu OI De Giorgio, Roberto/0000-0003-0867-5873 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 54155] NR 49 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD NOV PY 1999 VL 117 IS 5 BP 1136 EP 1146 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70399-9 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 250NH UT WOS:000083394100017 PM 10535877 ER PT J AU Rhew, DC Goetz, MB AF Rhew, DC Goetz, MB TI Pneumonia in the elderly patient SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Review ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI; NURSING-HOME PATIENTS; LOW-RISK PATIENTS; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE; OROPHARYNGEAL COLONIZATION; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; CARE AB SIR WILLIAM OSLER once stated that pneumonia is a friend of the elderly. Whether it be friend or foe, pneumonia in the elderly patient certainly is a common, and when untreated, rapidly fatal condition. Overall, pneumonia is the most common cause of death due to infection in persons aged 60 years or older, and it is the fourth most common cause of death overall for persons aged 80 years or older. The rate of pneumonia in elderly persons is nearly four times that of the general population [1]. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr,Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 8 IS 8 BP 361 EP 367 DI 10.1097/00019048-199911000-00005 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 249YL UT WOS:000083360900005 ER PT J AU Estepa, JC Aguilera-Tejero, E Lopez, I Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF Estepa, JC Aguilera-Tejero, E Lopez, I Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI Effect of phosphate on parathyroid hormone secretion in vivo SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RENAL-FAILURE; IN-VITRO; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CALCEMIC RESPONSE; HIGH PHOSPHORUS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PTH SECRETION; MESSENGER-RNA; CITRATE CLAMP AB Alterations in phosphate homeostasis play an important role in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal failure. Until recently, it was accepted that phosphate retention only increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion through indirect mechanisms affecting calcium regulation and calcitriol synthesis. However, recent in vitro studies have suggested that phosphate may directly affect PTH secretion. Our goal was to determine whether in vivo an intravenous phosphate infusion stimulated PTH secretion in the absence of changes in serum calcium. Three different doses of phosphate were infused intravenously during 120 minutes to increase the serum phosphate concentration in dogs. Sulfate was also infused intravenously as a separate experimental control. A simultaneous calcium clamp was performed to maintain a normal ionized calcium concentration throughout all studies. At the lowest dose of infused phosphate (1.2 mmol/kg), serum phosphate values increased to similar to 3 mM, but PTH values did not increase. At higher doses of infused phosphate (1.6 mmol/kg and 2.4 mmol/kg), the increase in serum phosphate to values of similar to 4 mM and 5 mM, respectively, was associated with increases in PTH, even though the ionized calcium concentration did not change. Increases in PTH were not observed until 30-60 minutes into the study. These increases were not sustained, since by 120 minutes PTH values were not different from baseline or controls despite the maintenance of marked hyperphosphatemia. During the sulfate infusion, serum sulfate values increased by similar to 3-fold, but no change in PTH values were observed. In conclusion, an acute elevation in serum phosphate stimulated PTH secretion in the intact animal, but the magnitude of hyperphosphatemia exceeded the physiologic range. Future studies are needed to determine whether PTH stimulation is more sensitive to phosphate loading in states of chronic phosphate retention, Moreover, the mechanisms responsible for the delay in PTH stimulation and the failure to sustain the increased PTH secretion need further evaluation. C1 Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Unidad Invest, Cordoba 14004, Spain. Univ Cordoba, Fac Vet, Dept Med & Cirugia Anim, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Serv Nefrol, Cordoba 14004, Spain. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Rodriguez, M (reprint author), Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Unidad Invest, Avda Menedez Pidal S-N, Cordoba 14004, Spain. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 55 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1848 EP 1854 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.11.1848 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 250BF UT WOS:000083368600006 PM 10571684 ER PT J AU Zeng, NX Athmann, C Kang, T Lyu, RM Walsh, JH Ohning, GV Sachs, G Pisegna, JR AF Zeng, NX Athmann, C Kang, T Lyu, RM Walsh, JH Ohning, GV Sachs, G Pisegna, JR TI PACAP type I receptor activation regulates ECL cells and gastric acid secretion SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; ENTEROCHROMAFFIN-LIKE CELLS; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SPLICE VARIANTS; POLYPEPTIDE; HISTAMINE; RAT; CLONING AB Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is present in gastric nerves, and PACAP receptors (PAC1) are found on gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. Expression of PAC1 splice variants in purified ECL cells was determined by RT-PCR. PACAP effects on ECL cells were analyzed by video imaging of [Ca2+](i) and histamine release; its effects on gastric glands were examined by confocal microscopy of [Ca2+](i) in ECL and parietal cells. PACAP action on D cells was measured by [Ca2+](i) and radioimmunoassay. PACAP effects on acid secretion were determined in fistula rats with or without neutralizing anti-somatostatin antibodies. All splice variants of PAC1 were found, but vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor (VPAC) products were absent. PACAP-27 and -38 dose-dependently raise [Ca2+](i) in ECL cells and stimulate histamine release. VIP had a much lower affinity, which demonstrates the presence of PAC1 but not VPAC. PACAP elevated [Ca2+](i) in ECL and parietal cells of superfused gastric glands, but only the parietal cell signal was inhibited by ranitidine, showing the absence of PAC1 on parietal cells and demonstrating functional coupling between the cell types. PACAP and VIP stimulated calcium signaling and somatostatin release from D cells with almost equal efficacy. Acid secretion was stimulated after intravenous injection of PACAP into rats treated with somatostatin antibody. PACAP is a candidate as a mediator of neural regulation of acid secretion. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst W, Vet Adm,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst W, Vet Adm,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Bldg 113,Room 326, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK041301, DK41301, DK17294, DK40615] NR 27 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA ROOM 4570 KRESGE I, 200 ZINA PITCHER PLACE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0560 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 104 IS 10 BP 1383 EP 1391 DI 10.1172/JCI7537 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 256RF UT WOS:000083738700011 PM 10562300 ER PT J AU Rulon, JJ Cho, CG Guerra, LL Bux, RC Gulley, ML AF Rulon, JJ Cho, CG Guerra, LL Bux, RC Gulley, ML TI Activated protein C resistance is uncommon in sudden death due to pulmonary embolism SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic pathology; activated protein C resistance; sudden death; pulmonary embolism; deep venous thrombosis ID FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; POOR ANTICOAGULANT RESPONSE; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOPHILIA; THROMBOSIS; MUTATION AB Activated protein C resistance (APC-R)is the most common inherited defect of the coagulation system known to date, affecting 3-5% of Americans. It is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis and is reportedly found in 21% of individuals with deep venous thrombosis. Medical examiners are in a unique position to make the diagnosis since a fatal pulmonary embolism may be the first manifestation of the disorder. This study examines the prevalence of APC-R in individuals who die suddenly of pulmonary embolism to help medical examiners decide if routine testing is indicated. We examined 66 cases of sudden death due to pulmonary embolism seen at the Bexar County Forensic Science Center in San Antonio, Texas, from 1993-1997. The median age was 46 years with a range of 14 to 93 years. Fifty-three percent were Caucasian, 24% were African-American, and 23% were Hispanic. Twenty-seven percent had no known risk factors for pulmonary embolism. Whole blood was tested for the factor V codon 506Q mutation responsible for APC-R using polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of APC-R was 4.5%, which is similar to the prevalence of APC-R in the general American population. These data imply that individuals with APC-R are not at increased risk for sudden death due to pulmonary embolism, or, conversely, that most fatal pulmonary emboli seen in the medical examiner setting are not induced by APC-R. Routine postmortem testing for the factor V 506Q mutation does not appear indicated at this time, given the low prevalence and high cost of testing. C1 Delta Pathol Associates, Stockton, CA 95355 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Bexar Cty Forens Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Rulon, JJ (reprint author), Delta Pathol Associates, 2291 W March Lane,Suite 179E, Stockton, CA 95355 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1111 EP 1113 PG 3 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 293BA UT WOS:000085830600001 PM 10582351 ER PT J AU Getchell, WS Larsen, GC Morris, CD McAnulty, JH AF Getchell, WS Larsen, GC Morris, CD McAnulty, JH TI Epidemiology of syncope in hospitalized patients SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE syncope; prognosis; mortality ID UNEXPLAINED SYNCOPE; DIAGNOSING SYNCOPE; UNKNOWN ORIGIN; FOLLOW-UP; IMPACT; PREDICTORS AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the etiologies of syncope in hospitalized patients and determine the factors that influence survival after discharge. DESIGN: Observational retrospective cohort, SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs hospital, group-model HMO, and Medicare population in Oregon. PATIENTS: Hospitalized individuals (n = 1,516: mean age +/- SD, 73.0 +/- 13.4 years) with an admission or discharge diagnosis of syncope (ICD-9-CM 780.2) during 1992, 1993, or 1994, MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: During a median hospital stay of 3 days, most individuals received an electrocardiogram (97%) and prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring (90%), but few underwent electrophysiology testing (2%) or tilt-table testing (0.7%). The treating clinicians identified cardiovascular causes of syncope in 19% of individuals and noncardiovascular causes in 40%. The remaining 42% of individuals were discharged with unexplained syncope. Complete heart block (2.4%) and ventricular tachycardia (2.3%) were rarely identified as the cause of syncope. Pacemakers were implanted in 28% of the patients with cardiovascular syncope and 0.4% of the others. No patient received an implantable defibrillator. Ah-cause mortality +/- SE was 1.1% +/- 0.3% during the admission, 13% +/- 1% at 1 year, and 41% +/- 2% at 4 years. The adjusted relative risk (RR) of dying for individuals with cardiovascular syncope (RR 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92, 1.50) did not differ from that for unexplained syncope (RR 1.0) and noncardiovascular syncope (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.77, 1.16), CONCLUSIONS: Among these elderly patients hospitalized with syncope, noncardiovascular causes were twice as common as cardiovascular causes. Because survival was not related to the cause of syncope, clinicians cannot be reassured that hospitalized elderly patients with noncardiovascular and unexplained syncope will have excellent outcomes. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Getchell, WS (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Dr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [T32 HS00069, T32 HS000069] NR 27 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 14 IS 11 BP 677 EP 687 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.03199.x PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 257CF UT WOS:000083764000005 PM 10571716 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Stolina, M Lin, Y Gardner, B Miller, PW Kronenberg, M Dubinett, SM AF Sharma, S Stolina, M Lin, Y Gardner, B Miller, PW Kronenberg, M Dubinett, SM TI T cell-derived IL-10 promotes lung cancer growth by suppressing both T cell and APC function SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLASS-I EXPRESSION; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; PULSED DENDRITIC CELLS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INTERLEUKIN-12 PRODUCTION; IMPAIRED INTERLEUKIN-12; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; COLORECTAL-CANCER; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DOWN-REGULATION AB We have found previously that human lung cancers potently induce T lymphocyte IL-10 production in vitro. To assess the impact of enhanced T cell-derived IL-10 on antitumor immunity in vivo, we utilized transgenic mice expressing IL-10 under the control of the IL-2 promoter. We have shown previously that Lewis lung carcinoma cells (3LL) have more aggressive growth potential in IL-10 transgenic mice compared with control littermates. In this study, we show that transfer of T cells from IL-10 transgenic mice to control littermates transferred the IL-10 immunosuppressive effect and led to enhanced 3LL tumor growth. In addition to changes in T cell-mediated immunity, professional APC from IL-10 transgenic mice were found to have significantly suppressed capacity to induce MHC alloreactivity, CTL responses, and IL-12 production. Tumor Ag-pulsed dendritic cells from IL-10 transgenic mice also failed to generate antitumor reactivity. These results suggest that increased levels of T cell-derived IL-10 severely impair antitumor immunity in vivo, due to defects in both T cell and APC function. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Wadsworth Pulm Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Dubinett, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Sci 37 131, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA71818] NR 63 TC 154 Z9 163 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 1 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 9 BP 5020 EP 5028 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 248BT UT WOS:000083256000051 PM 10528207 ER PT J AU Dallalio, G North, M McKenzie, SW Means, RT AF Dallalio, G North, M McKenzie, SW Means, RT TI Cytokine and cytokine receptor concentrations in bone marrow supernatant from patients with HIV: Correlation with hematologic parameters SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE human immunodeficiency virus; cytokines; tumor necrosis factor; macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; FACTOR-ALPHA; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; MESSENGER-RNA; STROMAL CELLS; ANEMIA; INTERLEUKIN-1; INTERFERON AB Background: To determine the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, gamma-interferon (IFN), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and RANTES to which hematopoietic progenitors are exposed in vivo in HIV patients and the correlation of these concentrations with hematologic parameters, cytokine and cytokine receptor concentrations were measured by ELISA in bone marrow aspirate supernatants from 19 HIV patients undergoing diagnostic evaluation and 14 healthy paid volunteer controls, IL-1 beta and gamma-IFN were rarely detectable. All cytokines/receptors detectable in marrow supernatant, except RANTES, showed mean concentrations 1.6- to 6.2-fold higher in patients with HIV compared to healthy controls. Methods: Elevated TNF-alpha and MIP-1 beta were associated with marrow involvement by lymphoma, Hodgkin disease, or mycobacterial infection, Concentrations of all cytokines/receptors measured correlated with the severity of anemia. CD8+ lymphocytes were inversely correlated with concentrations of all cytokines measured other than MIP-1 alpha, To identify differences specific to HIV infection, marrow supernatant cytokine concentrations were also evaluated in 9 non-HIV patients undergoing diagnostic marrow examination. Significant differences were observed in TNF alpha, MIP1 alpha, and IL-1 beta concentrations. Results: These studies demonstrate that concentrations of these cytokines and receptors are elevated in bone marrow supernatant of HIV-infected patients with hematologic abnormalities, and that these concentrations correlate with clinical parameters in these patients. Conclusions: Evaluation of local concentrations of cytokines may be relevant to understanding tissue-specific pathology in HIV-infected individuals, C1 Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 111, Hematol Oncol Sect, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Means, RT (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 111, Hematol Oncol Sect, Div Hematol Oncol, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL57303] NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 47 IS 9 BP 477 EP 483 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 253HP UT WOS:000083551200005 PM 10572378 ER PT J AU Briquet-Laugier, V Ben-Zeev, O White, A Doolittle, MH AF Briquet-Laugier, V Ben-Zeev, O White, A Doolittle, MH TI cld and lec23 are disparate mutations that affect maturation of lipoprotein lipase in the endoplasmic reticulum SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE lipoprotein lipase; density gradient centrifugation; heparin affinity; glycan processing; endoplasmic reticulum; lipase folding; calnexin; endoplasmic reticulum chaperones ID THIOL-DEPENDENT REDUCTASE; N-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PROTEIN DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; CULTURED BROWN ADIPOCYTES; ALPHA-D-MANNOSIDASE; RAT-LIVER GOLGI; HEPATIC LIPASE; SECRETORY PATHWAY; QUALITY-CONTROL; MOLECULAR CHAPERONE AB The mutations cld (combined Lipase deficiency) and lec23 disrupt in a similar manner the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), Whereas cld affects an unknown gene, lec23 abolishes the activity of alpha-glucosidase I, an enzyme essential for proper folding and assembly of nascent glycoproteins, The hypothesis that cld,like lec23, affects the folding/assembly of nascent LPL was confirmed by showing that in cell lines homozygous for these mutations (Cld and Lec23, respectively), the majority of LPL was inactive, displayed heterogeneous aggregation, and had a decreased affinity for heparin. While inactive LPL was retained in the ER, a small amount of LPL that had attained a native conformation was transported through the Golgi and secreted. Thus, Cld and Lec23 cells recognized and retained the majority of LPL as misfolded, maintaining the standard of quality control. Examination of candidate factors affecting protein maturation, such as glucose addition and trimming, proteins involved in lectin chaperone cycling, and other abundant ER chaperones, revealed that calnexin levels were dramatically reduced in livers from cld/cld mice; this finding was also confirmed in Cld cells.We conclude that cld may affect components in the ER, such as calnexin, that play a role in protein maturation. Whether the reduced calnexin levels per se contribute to the LPL deficiency awaits confirmation.-Briquet-Laugier, V., O. Ben-Zeev, A. White, and M. H. Doolittle. cld and lec23 are disparate mutations that affect maturation of Lipoprotein Lipase in the endoplasmic reticulum. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Doolittle, MH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 87 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 40 IS 11 BP 2044 EP 2058 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 252UU UT WOS:000083521300012 PM 10553008 ER PT J AU Miller, MA Kolb, PE Leverenz, JB Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Miller, MA Kolb, PE Leverenz, JB Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Preservation of noradrenergic neurons in the locus ceruleus that coexpress galanin mRNA in Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE galanin; locus ceruleus; Alzheimer's disease; noradrenergic system ID RAT VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; COERULEUS NEURONS; BASAL FOREBRAIN; SENILE DEMENTIA; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE TURNOVER; CHOLINERGIC DYSFUNCTION AB Galanin (GAL) innervation is hypertrophied in the basal forebrain and cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased GAL could exacerbate the cognitive and behavioral deficits of AD because GAL acts as an inhibitory modulator of cholinergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission. The locus ceruleus (LC) may be a source of increased GAL in AD because (a) GAL is coexpressed in a subset of LC neurons, (b) GAL expression is up-regulated with neuronal injury, and (c) the LC undergoes extensive degeneration in AD. Therefore, we have used in situ hybridization histochemistry to measure GAL gene expression in the LC of AD patients and sex- and age-matched nondemented controls. Despite the extensive loss of norepinephrine neurons with AD, GAL mRNA-expressing neurons in the LC did not differ between groups. This resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of neuromelanin-pigmented cells that coexpressed GAL in AD patients compared with controls. These findings wise the possibility that the increased incidence of GAL expression among remaining LC neurons contributes to the hyperinnervation of GAL fibers in AD. Furthermore, GAL may be neuroprotective in the LC. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Miller, MA (reprint author), LifeSpan BioSci, 700 Blanchard St, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG10917]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS33606] NR 74 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 73 IS 5 BP 2028 EP 2036 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 247AV UT WOS:000083199200028 PM 10537062 ER PT J AU Sarment, DP Korostoff, J D'Angelo, M Polson, AM Feldman, RS Billings, PC AF Sarment, DP Korostoff, J D'Angelo, M Polson, AM Feldman, RS Billings, PC TI In situ localization and characterization of active proteases in chronically inflamed and healthy human gingival tissues SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gingiva/enzymology; inflammation; periodontal diseases/diagnosis; proteases/analysis; spectroscopy; fluorescence; matrix metalloproteases; serine proteases ID CREVICULAR FLUID; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; ADULT PERIODONTITIS; JUVENILE PERIODONTITIS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; HUMAN NEUTROPHIL; MESSENGER-RNA; CATHEPSIN-G; IN-SITU; COLLAGENASE AB Background: Studies have indicated an important role for host-derived proteases in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop an assay measuring protease activity in situ and 2) to localize and characterize the enzymatic activity in intact inflamed and healthy gingiva. Methods: Gingival specimens were prepared and overlaid with a quenched fluorescent substrate. Protease activity was visualized by fluorescence microscopy and correlated with histologic features. Results: In inflamed tissues, enzymatic activity was detected mainly in the connective tissue (predominantly matrix metalloproteases) and, to some extent, in the epithelium (predominantly serine proteases). In contrast, clinically healthy tissues failed to exhibit significant amounts of protease activity. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of protease activity in intact tissues were found to be pH dependent. Conclusions: The method described here enabled assessment of active proteases in intact tissues where cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions had been maintained. Our results indicate that there are substantial differences in the distribution of specific proteases between clinically healthy and inflamed periodontal tissues. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Dept Periodont, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Dept Anat & Histol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Sarment, DP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Periodont Prevent Geriatr, 1011 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1303 EP 1312 DI 10.1902/jop.1999.70.11.1303 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 259JB UT WOS:000083889800006 PM 10588493 ER PT J AU Kitzis, V Engrav, LH Quinn, LS AF Kitzis, V Engrav, LH Quinn, LS TI Transient exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibits collagen accumulation by cultured hypertrophic scar fibroblasts SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hypertrophic scar; cell culture; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; collagen; insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; DERMAL FIBROBLASTS; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR-I; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IGF-I; EXPRESSION; BINDING; PROTEIN AB Background. Hypertrophic scars (HS) are frequent consequences of deep dermal injury, such as deep partial-thickness burns and abrasions, and are characterized by overproduction of collagen. In vitro studies have shown that cultured HS fibroblasts produce elevated levels of collagen and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3). Additionally, histological studies have indicated HS contain fewer tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-positive infiltrating cells and express lower levels of TNF-alpha mRNA, suggesting TNF-alpha, which can inhibit collagen expression in some systems, may function to deactivate the wound healing process in scars. HS also exhibit increased levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a facts that stimulates collagen and extracellular matrix deposition by fibroblasts and also stimulates IGFBP-3 expression. In some systems, IGFBP-3 mediates the effects of TGF-beta. The present study sought to determine the effects of continuous and transient TNF-alpha exposure on collagen and IGFBP-3 expression by cultured;Hg fibroblasts and to investigate the role of IGFBP-3 in collagen accretion by HS fibroblasts. Materials and Methods. Superficial and deep dermal HS fibroblasts from four patients were cultured. Fibroblasts were cultured in serum-free medium and exposed to 0-2 ng/ml TNF-alpha for 0, 1, 4, or 72 h. After 72 h of culture, medium samples were processed for Western blot analysis of type I collagen accumulation or for ligand blot analysis of IGFBP-3 accumulation. The effects of an anti-IGFBP-3 neutralizing antibody on collagen accumulation were also assessed. Results. Treatment of superficial and deep HS fibroblasts with TNF-alpha resulted in dose-dependent decreases in accumulation of both type I collagen and IGFBP-3 in the culture medium (P < 0.01). However, using the anti-IGFBP-3 neutralizing antibody, a causal relationship between decreased IGFBP-3 and decreased collagen accumulation could not be demonstrated. Transient exposure of cultured HS fibroblasts to TNF-alpha for as little as 1 h was as effective as continuous exposure to TNF-alpha for 72 h in inhibiting collagen accumulation. Conclusions. These results support the hypothesis that TNF-alpha functions as a wound healing deactivation signal that is deficient in HS. Although TNF-alpha inhibited accretion of both collagen and IGFBP-3, the role of IGFBP-3 in HS remains unresolved. This study suggests that transient TNF-alpha exposure may be used to inhibit collagen overaccumulation in HS and that the timing of TNF-alpha exposure following dermal injury may not be critical for this inhibition. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Quinn, LS (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 151 Amer Lake, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 87 IS 1 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1006/jsre.1999.5747 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 254ZR UT WOS:000083644800019 PM 10527715 ER PT J AU Barker, LH Bigler, ED Johnson, SC Anderson, CV Russo, AA Boineau, B Blatter, DD AF Barker, LH Bigler, ED Johnson, SC Anderson, CV Russo, AA Boineau, B Blatter, DD TI Polysubstance abuse and traumatic brain injury: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological outcome in older adolescents and young adults SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE substance abuse; traumatic brain injury; quantitative neuroimaging ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; CHRONIC COCAINE ABUSERS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HEAD-INJURY; ALCOHOL-ABUSE; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; KORSAKOFFS-SYNDROME; LONG-TERM; VOCATIONAL-REHABILITATION; PSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AB Few studies have examined the consequences of alcohol and drug abuse on TBI though they commonly co-occur. Both TBI and substance abuse independently result in neuropathological changes in the brain such as ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy, thus it is reasonable to hypothesize that the combination of the two would result in more significant cerebral damage. In this study, 3 groups of patients-traumatically brain injured (TBI) with substance abuse (N = 19), TBI without substance abuse (N = 19), and substance abuse with no TBI (N = 16)-were compared with normal controls (N = 20) on several quantitative MRI (QMRI) measures. Since TBI most frequently occurs in older adolescents and young men, we examined only male participants between 16 and 30 years of age. Comparing young substance abusers to controls resulted in no QMRI differences. When controlling for head injury severity, the effects of substance abuse in combination with TBI resulted in greater atrophic changes than seen in any other group, TBI and substance abuse patients' neuropsychological test performances also were examined, and no differences were found among patient groups on any measures. These findings have implications for the deleterious interaction of substance abuse combining with TBI to result in greater neuropathological changes that can be detected by QMRI techniques. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Psychol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Heritage Residential Treatment Ctr, Provo, UT USA. LDS Hosp, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Bigler, ED (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 25543, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM erin_bigler@byu.edu NR 149 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 5 IS 7 BP 593 EP 608 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 265WF UT WOS:000084268500002 PM 10645702 ER PT J AU Ritchie, KA Aprikyan, AAG Bowen-Pope, DF Norby-Slycord, CJ Conyers, S Sitnicka, E Bartelmez, SH Hickstein, DD AF Ritchie, KA Aprikyan, AAG Bowen-Pope, DF Norby-Slycord, CJ Conyers, S Sitnicka, E Bartelmez, SH Hickstein, DD TI The Tel-PDGFR beta fusion gene produces a chronic myeloproliferative syndrome in transgenic mice SO LEUKEMIA LA English DT Article DE Tel-PDGFR beta; myeloproliferative syndrome; transgenic mice ID CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; DUCHENNE MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; PLATELET; EXPRESSION; TRANSLOCATION; FAMILY; MODEL AB Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a pre-leukemic syndrome that displays both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative features. The t(5;12) chromosomal translocation, present in a subset of CMML patients with myeloproliferation fuses the amino terminal portion of the ets family member, Tel, with the transmembrane and tyrosine kinase domains of platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR beta) gene. To investigate the role of this fusion protein in the pathogenesis of CMML, we expressed the Tel-PDGFR beta fusion cDNA in hematopoietic cells of transgenic mice under the control of the human CD11a promoter. Transgenic founders and their offspring express the transgene specifically in hematopoietic tissues and develop a myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by: overproduction of mature neutrophils and megakaryocytes in the bone marrow; splenomegaly with effacement of splenic architecture by extramedullary hematopoiesis; an abnormal population of leukocytes cc-expressing lymphoid and myeloid markers; and increased numbers of colonies in in vitro bone marrow CFU assays. All mice expressing the transgene exhibited at least one of these features of dysregulated myelopoiesis, and 20% progressed to a myeloid or lymphoid malignancy. This murine model of CMML parallels a myeloproliferative syndrome in humans and implicates the Tel-PDGFR beta fusion protein in its pathogenesis. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ritchie, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [K08HL02959]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48708-02] NR 56 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0887-6924 J9 LEUKEMIA JI Leukemia PD NOV PY 1999 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1790 EP 1803 DI 10.1038/sj.leu.2401494 PG 14 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 255HT UT WOS:000083664000018 PM 10557054 ER PT J AU Adebanjo, OA Anandatheerthavarada, HK Koval, AP Moonga, BS Biswas, G Sun, L Sodam, BR Bevis, PJR Huang, CLH Epstein, S Lai, FA Avadhani, NG Zaidi, M AF Adebanjo, OA Anandatheerthavarada, HK Koval, AP Moonga, BS Biswas, G Sun, L Sodam, BR Bevis, PJR Huang, CLH Epstein, S Lai, FA Avadhani, NG Zaidi, M TI A new function for CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase in nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis SO NATURE CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER NUCLEI; INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR CA2+; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; CALCIUM; RELEASE; PROTEIN; KINASE AB Nucleoplasmic calcium ions (Ca2+) influence nuclear functions as critical as gene transcription, apoptosis, DNA repair, topoisomerase activation and polymerase unfolding. Although both inositol trisphosphate receptors and ryanodine receptors, types of Ca2+ channel, are present in the nuclear membrane, their role in the homeostasis of nuclear Ca2+ remains unclear. Here we report the existence in the inner nuclear membrane of a functionally active CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase that has its catalytic site within the nucleoplasm. We propose that the enzyme catalyses the intranuclear cyclization of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose. The latter activates ryanodine receptors of the inner nuclear membrane to trigger nucleoplasmic Ca2+ release. C1 CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Cardiff CB2 3EG, S Glam, Wales. Univ Wales, Coll Med, Cardiff CF14 4XN, S Glam, Wales. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Mailbox 1055,1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NCI NIH HHS [R37-CA22762]; NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG14917] NR 27 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 2 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1465-7392 J9 NAT CELL BIOL JI Nat. Cell Biol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 1 IS 7 BP 409 EP 414 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 252ZX UT WOS:000083533100013 PM 10559984 ER PT J AU Salat, DH Stangl, PA Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS AF Salat, DH Stangl, PA Kaye, JA Janowsky, JS TI Sex differences in prefrontal volume with aging and Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Article DE frontal lobe; prefrontal; sex characteristics; aging; aged; Alzheimer's disease; magnetic resonance imaging; gray matter; human ID HEALTHY OLDEST-OLD; GENDER DIFFERENCES; GRAY-MATTER; IN-VIVO; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; BRAIN ATROPHY; DEMENTIA; MR; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HIPPOCAMPUS AB We used volumetric magnetic resonance imaging to examine sex differences in prefrontal tissue volumes of healthy aged and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Healthy subjects had greater total prefrontal volume than AD, and men had greater total prefrontal volume than women (ps less than or equal to 0.02). This was true for both gray and white matter volumes. There were no interactions between group and sex for total prefrontal volume. An exploratory analysis of each group suggested that sex differences in both gray and white matter in healthy aging are not sustained in AD. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Salat, DH (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12611, AG0817]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH11855] NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 20 IS 6 BP 591 EP 596 DI 10.1016/S0197-4580(99)00067-6 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 281FW UT WOS:000085148100003 PM 10674424 ER PT J AU Brooks, BR AF Brooks, BR TI Defining optimal management in ALS: from first symptoms to announcement - Introduction SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB The advances in treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have demonstrated the need to diagnose this disease precisely and directly. Two international initiatives, at El Escorial in 1990 and at Airlie House in 1998, have grappled with the clinical and laboratory elements that may accelerate the diagnostic process. Shortly after the Airlie House meeting in 1998, an international group of clinical neurologists met to discuss optimal management strategies in ALS. The goals were to examine current diagnosis and treatment pathways and to attempt to devise an algorithm that would foster early diagnosis, thus enhancing the possibility of optimal treatment. C1 Univ Wisconsin, ALS Clin Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Brooks, BR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, ALS Clin Res Ctr, Ctr Clin Sci, H6-563, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1999 VL 53 IS 8 SU 5 BP S1 EP S3 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 254HJ UT WOS:000083605600001 PM 10560629 ER PT J AU Brooks, BR AF Brooks, BR TI What are the implications of early diagnosis? Maintaining optimal health as long as possible SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article AB As yet, there is no staging system for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). One early attempt to define disease stages; consisted of post-hoc analysis of the international, placebo-controlled, clinical trials of riluzole. In this analysis, live health states were defined for ALS (mild, moderate, severe, terminal, death) to determine whether therapeutic intervention with riluzole could favorably influence the time spent in the different stages. The time spent in the mild and:moderate disease states (taken together) was considerably longer in patients treated with riluzole than in those treated:with placebo (317 days compared with 242 days). Riluzole did not influence the median time in the mild, severe, or terminal ALS: stages but did slightly shorten the time in the moderate ALS stage compared with placebo. In all the ALS stages, the 75th percentile of time in that state appeared to be extended.: Survival analysis indicated that the relative risk was less than 1.0 with riluzole treatment in the moderate, severe, and terminal health states but not in the mild health state, when it remained at 1.0. The time to failure was longer in patients in the moderate, severe, and terminal ALS stages but was significantly longer only in the moderate ALS stage. These findings indicate that future studies of therapeutic intervention should examine rigorously defined stages of disease Ito examine end points other than death. The development of a staging system, analogous to the ones used in oncology, has implications for the concept of early diagnosis. C1 Univ Wisconsin, ALS Clin Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Brooks, BR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, ALS Clin Res Ctr, Ctr Clin Sci, H6-563, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1999 VL 53 IS 8 SU 5 BP S43 EP S45 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 254HJ UT WOS:000083605600012 PM 10560637 ER PT J AU Brooks, BR AF Brooks, BR TI Earlier is better: the benefits of early diagnosis SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS AB The concept of earlier diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) requires in-depth investigation of its benefits and consequences. First, how good must a treatment be before ALS is determined to be a treatable condition? Analogy with cancer therapy suggests that a good quality of life after treatment is an essential feature of a "good" therapy. Survival in some diseases may be prolonged without a significant improvement in the patient's quality of life. Neurologists need to be clear about what they are trying to achieve in prolonging survival and maintaining a good quality of life for their patients with ALS. Second, can early diagnosis extend apparent survival in the absence of a therapeutic intervention that significantly affects the disease process? Earlier diagnosis on the basis of confirmed clinical signs and, earlier institution of therapy may lead to a perception of improved survival, which is greater in young ALS patients. Third, can early diagnosis provide a benefit through prolongation of the time the patient remains able to work? Any therapeutic intervention to slow the early stages of the disease would benefit patients who wanted to maintain their self-esteem by continuing to work. Finally, earlier diagnosis of ALS requires decisions to be made concerning the acceptable rate of misdiagnosis, which at present reaches 10% false-positive and up to 44% false-negative. C1 Univ Wisconsin, ALS Clin Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Brooks, BR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Ctr Clin Sci, ALS Clin Res Ctr, H6-563, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1999 VL 53 IS 8 SU 5 BP S53 EP S54 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 254HJ UT WOS:000083605600015 PM 10560640 ER PT J AU Oates, JC Christensen, EF Reilly, CM Self, SE Gilkeson, GS AF Oates, JC Christensen, EF Reilly, CM Self, SE Gilkeson, GS TI Prospective measure of serum 3-nitrotyrosine levels in systemic lupus erythematosus: Correlation with disease activity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN PHYSICIANS LA English DT Article DE lupus nephritis; nitric oxide; peroxynitrite; severity-of illness index; superoxide ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; MRL-LPR/LPR MICE; 3 ETHNIC-GROUPS; TYROSINE NITRATION; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; PEROXYNITRITE; NEPHRITIS; EXPRESSION; PROGNOSIS; MESSENGER AB Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease. Overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Several retrospective studies have indicated a correlation between serum nitrate and nitrite (NOX) and disease activity. This measure of NO production can be falsely elevated by exogenous dietary and medication sources of NOX and Variably reduced by serum thiols. These variables can make NOX a less reliable tool for studying the role of NO in SLE. Peroxynitrite, a by-product of NO and superoxide, nitrates tyrosine moieties. The resulting 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) serves as a long-term indicator of NO-mediated protein modifications that is not affected by exogenous sources of NOX or serum thiols. We hypothesized that for these reasons serum 3NT levels would correlate with lupus disease activity more significantly than serum NOX. To address this hypothesis, we prospectively evaluated lupus disease activity, serum protein 3NT levels, and NOX levels in a cohort of lupus patients at 3-month intervals, Serum 3NT correlated with disease activity among African-Americans, while NOX correlated with disease activity among Caucasians. Subjects with active lupus nephritis had higher levels of serum 3NT than those without renal disease. Immunohistochemical analysis of renal biopsies from subjects with active proliferative lupus nephritis revealed renal expression of inducible NO synthase. The results of this study suggest that overproduction of NO may play a pathogenic role in SLE and lupus nephritis. Serum 3NT may be a useful, new tool for studying the contributions of NO to the pathogenesis of SLE. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. RP Oates, JC (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 912,POB 250623, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5MO1RR01070] NR 40 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1081-650X J9 P ASSOC AM PHYSICIAN JI Proc. Assoc. Am. Phys. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 111 IS 6 BP 611 EP 621 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1381.1999.99110.x PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 254QY UT WOS:000083624700013 PM 10591091 ER PT J AU Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Manzetti, JD Marino, IR Keenan, RJ AF Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Manzetti, JD Marino, IR Keenan, RJ TI Optimism and coping styles: A comparison of candidates for liver transplantation with candidates for lung transplantation SO PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article DE optimism; coping; liver transplantation; lung transplantation ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; DISTRESS; PREDICTORS AB Background: Dispositional optimism and adaptive coping styles have been shown to correlate with each other and with physical and psychological well-being in a number of studies with medical patients. Few studies in the transplant literature evaluate psychological characteristics of patients across medical diagnoses. A comparison of optimism and coping styles among candidates for liver and lung transplantation is presented. Method: Subjects were 73 candidates for lung transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and 76 candidates for liver transplantation at the Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System. All candidates were classified according to medical diagnosis and history of substance abuse (alcohol/drugs or smoking). There were no significant between- or within-group differences on optimism. Results: There was a significant difference within both groups, according to history of substance abuse on the coping style 'acceptance'. There were also significant between-group differences on a number of coping styles. Conclusions: This preliminary study is intended to suggest direction for future research; studying psychological variables known to impact on health apart from medical diagnosis may provide data pertinent to selection criteria and the design of interventions to more effectively maximize the benefit of transplantation for all concerned. Copyright (C) 1999 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Educ, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Thomas E Starzl Transplantat Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Natl Liver Transplant Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Stilley, CS (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Nursing, 3500 Victoria St,Room 460, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-3190 J9 PSYCHOTHER PSYCHOSOM JI Psychother. Psychosom. PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 68 IS 6 BP 299 EP 303 DI 10.1159/000012347 PG 5 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 254VY UT WOS:000083633900003 PM 10559709 ER PT J AU Arbuckle, MR Reichlin, M Harley, JB James, JA AF Arbuckle, MR Reichlin, M Harley, JB James, JA TI Shared early autoantibody recognition events in the development of anti-Sm B/B ' in human lupus SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; RO SS-A; T-CELL; PEPTIDE IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ANTIBODIES; EPITOPE; ERYTHEMATOSUS; DISEASE AB Many aspects of the immune maturation are uncharted. For ordinary human autoimmune systems there are no complete descriptions of the progression from an initial antigenic epitope to a maximally complex immune response. In this study we have exploited a large serial collection of human sera to investigate the development of the anti-Sm autoimmune response in systemic lupus ertythematosus (SLE). The results suggest a similar, if not virtually identical, stepwise progression in the early humoral immune maturation of anti-Sm. The amino acid sequence PPPGMRPP comprises the first epitope in the anti-Sm B/B' response and its close relative, PPPGMRGP, the second. Epitopes are subsequently enlarged by the incorporation of neighbouring amino acids. The third and fourth epitopes are also recognised by an antibody in a nearly identical sequence in different lupus patients. A column absorption with PPPGMRPP demonstrates that the epitope spreading among the first four early epitopes appears to occur by the sequential generation of crossreactive antibodies. Unexpectedly, epitope spreading in this system occurs in a predictable fashion by involving essentially the same sequence of antigenic structures from person to person. In addition, these data support the lupus anti-Sm antibodies originating against a single antigenic structure and, hence, strongly support a unifying mechanism in the generation of these autoantibodies. C1 Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP James, JA (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Arthrit & Immunol Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI31584]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR081981, AR42474] NR 39 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0300-9475 J9 SCAND J IMMUNOL JI Scand. J. Immunol. PD NOV PY 1999 VL 50 IS 5 BP 447 EP 455 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 252ZW UT WOS:000083533000001 PM 10564545 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA AF Ubel, PA TI Dose response - Intelligent rationing by physicians is the first step to a health-care system that society can afford SO SCIENCES-NEW YORK LA English DT Article C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0036-861X J9 SCIENCES JI Sci.-New York PD NOV-DEC PY 1999 VL 39 IS 6 BP 18 EP 23 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 251RG UT WOS:000083458200011 PM 15584152 ER PT J AU Freytes, CO AF Freytes, CO TI Vascular access investigation comes of age SO SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Program, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Freytes, CO (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Program, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0941-4355 J9 SUPPORT CARE CANCER JI Support. Care Cancer PD NOV PY 1999 VL 7 IS 6 BP 373 EP 374 DI 10.1007/s005200050293 PG 2 WC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation SC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Rehabilitation GA 249FQ UT WOS:000083322700002 PM 10541975 ER PT J AU Armstrong, K Schwartz, JS Asch, DA AF Armstrong, K Schwartz, JS Asch, DA TI Direct sale of sildenafil (Viagra) to consumers over the Internet SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL INFORMATION; QUALITY C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Armstrong, K (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA73619] NR 22 TC 66 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 28 PY 1999 VL 341 IS 18 BP 1389 EP 1392 DI 10.1056/NEJM199910283411810 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 249XE UT WOS:000083357800010 PM 10536133 ER PT J AU Neuwirth, ZE AF Neuwirth, ZE TI Lifeline SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Neuwirth, ZE (reprint author), Lenox Hill Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD OCT 23 PY 1999 VL 354 IS 9188 BP 1484 EP 1484 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 248LY UT WOS:000083277400065 ER PT J AU Miguel-Hidalgo, JJ Robinson, CP AF Miguel-Hidalgo, JJ Robinson, CP TI Histone H1 degrees expression in the developing cat retina SO DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE histone; retina cell type; terminal differentiation ID CELL-PROLIFERATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; GLIAL-CELLS; IN-VIVO; DIFFERENTIATION; ACCUMULATION; MOUSE; NEURONS; H10 AB Histone H1 degrees is a subtype of the non-core H1 histones located in the linker region of DNA between nucleosome cores and postulated to be involved in the regulation of gene expression. Studies in both the mouse retina and rat brain have correlated the terminal differentiation of cell types in these tissues to the expression of H1 degrees. The expression of H1 degrees in mouse retina occurs after light exposure suggesting that light may trigger the expression of H1 degrees. The aims of the present research were to: (1) describe the relationship of the appearance of H1 protein immunoreactivity to the formation of cell types and layers in the cat retina; and (2) determine whether H1" may be dependent on exposure to light or on other postnatal developmental events. We find the nuclei of ganglion, amacrine, and prospective bipolar cells contain H1 degrees immunoreactivity before birth, prior to the terminal differentiation of these cells. In the cat retina, expression of H1 degrees occurs prior to Light exposure. These results show that the expression of H1 degrees protein is not required for the terminal differentiation of retinal cell types in the car. Additionally, we find no requirement for Light exposure prior to H1 degrees expression, These findings are at variance with the findings in the mouse retina and are inconsistent with any cross species requirement for the expression of this histone in the terminal differentiation of cell types in the retina. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Greater Los Angeles Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Robinson, CP (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Neurol, 1975 Zonal Ave,KAM 410, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. OI Miguel-Hidalgo, Jose Javier/0000-0002-4094-1249 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-3806 J9 DEV BRAIN RES JI Dev. Brain Res. PD OCT 20 PY 1999 VL 117 IS 1 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0165-3806(99)00095-4 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences SC Developmental Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 253PL UT WOS:000083564900005 ER PT J AU Lorenz, K AF Lorenz, K TI The sharer SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lorenz, K (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 11303 Wilshire Blvd,Code 111G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 19 PY 1999 VL 131 IS 8 BP 625 EP 626 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 246ZR UT WOS:000083196600012 PM 10523226 ER PT J AU Ko, CW Lee, SP AF Ko, CW Lee, SP TI Biliary sludge - In response SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Ko, CW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 19 PY 1999 VL 131 IS 8 BP 631 EP 631 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 246ZR UT WOS:000083196600020 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Barrachina, MD Wang, LX Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Barrachina, MD Wang, LX Tache, Y TI Intracerebroventricular leptin inhibits gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal in rats SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE brain-gut; food intake; gastric emptying; leptin; Long Evans; OB-protein ID FOOD-INTAKE; RECEPTOR; BRAIN AB THE effects of leptin injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) or i.p. on food intake and gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal mere studied in fasted Long-Evan rats. Leptin (3 mu g, i.c.v.) reduced the 5 h cumulative food intake by 39% and gastric transit by 50% while i.p. leptin (300 mu g) resulted in a 35% decrease in food intake and no change in gastric transit after 5 h. Lower i.p. doses of leptin (30 or 3 mu g) did not alter food intake. These results show that central, unlike peripheral, injection of leptin inhibits gastric transit of an ingested meal; such a central action of leptin may contribute to the greater potency of i.c.v. than i.p. leptin to suppress food intake. (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 CURE, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), CURE, Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061, DK-41301] NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD OCT 19 PY 1999 VL 10 IS 15 BP 3217 EP 3221 DI 10.1097/00001756-199910190-00017 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 247YY UT WOS:000083249600018 PM 10574563 ER PT J AU Myles-Worsley, M Coon, H McDowell, J Brenner, C Hoff, M Lind, P Bennett, P Freedman, R Clementz, B Byerley, W AF Myles-Worsley, M Coon, H McDowell, J Brenner, C Hoff, M Lind, P Bennett, P Freedman, R Clementz, B Byerley, W TI Linkage of a composite inhibitory phenotype to a chromosome 22q locus in eight Utah families SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SACCADIC EYE-MOVEMENTS; SMOOTH-PURSUIT; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; ANTISACCADE PERFORMANCE; BIOLOGICAL RELATIVES; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS; PSYCHOTIC-PATIENTS; POTENTIAL LINKAGE AB Eight Utah multigenerational families, each with three to six cases of schizophrenia, were phenotyped with two specific measures of inhibitory neurophysiological functioning, P50 auditory sensory gating (P50), and antisaccade ocular motor performance (AS), A genomewide linkage analysis was performed to screen for loci underlying a qualitative phenotype combining the P50 and AS measures. For this composite inhibitory phenotype, the strongest evidence for linkage was to the D22s315 marker on chromosome 22q (lod score=3.55, theta=0) under an autosomal dominant model. Simulation analyses indicate that this 3.55 lod score is unlikely to represent a false positive result. Lod scores were 2.0 or greater for markers flanking D22s315, A nonparametric linkage (NPL) analysis of the chromosome 22 data showed evidence for allele sharing over the broad region surrounding D22s315 with a maximum NPL score of 3.83 (p =.002) for all pedigrees combined. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Psychiat, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Myles-Worsley, M (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 50 N Med Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. OI Coon, Hilary/0000-0002-8877-5446 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42643, MH44212, MH52055] NR 59 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD OCT 15 PY 1999 VL 88 IS 5 BP 544 EP 550 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19991015)88:5<544::AID-AJMG20>3.0.CO;2-V PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 239QQ UT WOS:000082781500020 PM 10490714 ER PT J AU Sato, T Laver, JH Ogawa, M AF Sato, T Laver, JH Ogawa, M TI Reversible expression of CD34 by murine hematopoietic stem cells SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID MARROW-CELLS; FLT3/FLK-2 LIGAND; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; IN-VIVO; TRANSPLANTATION AB We used a mouse transplantation model to address the recent controversy about CD34 expression by hematopoietic stem cells. Cells from Ly-5.1 C57BL/6 mice were used as donor cells and Ly-5.2 mice were the recipients, The test cells were transplanted together with compromised marrow cells of Ly-5.2 mice. First, we confirmed that the majority of the stem cells with long-term engraftment capabilities of normal adult mice are CD34(-). We then observed that, after the injection of 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), stem cells may be found in both CD34(-) and CD34(+) cell populations. These results indicated that activated stem cells express CD34. We tested this hypothesis also by using in vitro expansion with interleukin-11 and steel factor of lineage(-) c-kit(+) Sca-1(+) CD34(-) bone marrow cells of normal mice. When the cells expanded for 1 week were separated into CD34(-) and CD34(+) cell populations and tested for their engraftment capabilities, only CD34(+) cells were capable of 2 to 5 months of engraftment. Finally, we tested reversion of CD34(+) stem cells to CD34(-) state. We transplanted Ly-5.1 CD34(+) post-5-FU marrow cells into Ly-5.2 primary recipients and, after the marrow achieved steady state, tested the Ly-5.1 cells of the primary recipients for their engraftment capabilities in Ly-5.2 secondary recipients. The majority of the Ly-5.1 stem cells with long-term engraftment capability were in the CD34(-) cell fraction, indicating the reversion of CD34(+) to CD34(-) stem cells. These observations clearly demonstrated that CD34 expression reflects the activation state of hematopoietic stem cells and that this is reversible. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA78582]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK/HL 48714, R01-DK32294] NR 19 TC 281 Z9 301 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD OCT 15 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 8 BP 2548 EP 2554 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 244PM UT WOS:000083060000002 PM 10515856 ER PT J AU Anderson, B AF Anderson, B TI Kohonen neural networks and language SO BRAIN AND LANGUAGE LA English DT Article DE neural networks; language; simulation; Kohonen ID INFANTS; SIGNAL AB Kohonen neural networks are a type of self-organizing network that recognizes the statistical characteristics of input datasets. The application of this type of neural network to language theory is demonstrated in the present note by showing three brief applications: recognizing word borders, learning the limited phonemes of one's native tongue, and category-specific naming impairments. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv 127, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Anderson, B (reprint author), Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv 127, 700 S 19th St, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0093-934X J9 BRAIN LANG JI Brain Lang. PD OCT 15 PY 1999 VL 70 IS 1 BP 86 EP 94 DI 10.1006/brln.1999.2145 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA 250XP UT WOS:000083415800005 PM 10534373 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, E Bamshad, M Sato, N Mummidi, S Dhanda, R Catano, G Cabrera, S McBride, M Cao, XH Merrill, G O'Connell, P Bowden, DW Freedman, BI Anderson, SA Walter, EA Evans, JS Stephan, KT Clark, RA Tyagi, S Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK AF Gonzalez, E Bamshad, M Sato, N Mummidi, S Dhanda, R Catano, G Cabrera, S McBride, M Cao, XH Merrill, G O'Connell, P Bowden, DW Freedman, BI Anderson, SA Walter, EA Evans, JS Stephan, KT Clark, RA Tyagi, S Ahuja, SS Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK TI Race-specific HIV-1 disease-modifying effects associated with CCR5 haplotypes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR-5; PROGRESSION; GENE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; VARIANTS; ALLELE; VIRUS; POLYMORPHISMS; MUTATION AB Genetic variation in CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), the major HIV-1 coreceptor, has been shown to influence HIV-1 transmission and disease progression. However, it is generally assumed that the same CCR5 genotype (or haplotype) has similar phenotypic effects in different populations. To test this assumption, we used an evolutionary-based classification of CCR5 haplotypes to determine their associated HIV-1 disease-modifying effects in a large well-characterized racially mixed cohort of HIV-1-seropositive individuals, We demonstrate that the spectrum of CCR5 haplotypes associated with disease acceleration or retardation differs between African Americans and Caucasians. Also, we show that there is a strong interactive effect between CCR5 haplotypes with different evolutionary histories. The striking population-specific phenotypic effects associated with CCR5 haplotypes emphasize the importance of understanding the evolutionary context in which disease susceptibility genes are expressed. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Worldwide Clin Trials, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Publ Hlth Res Inst City New York Inc, Dept Mol Genet, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL43521, R01 HL043521]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI43279, AI46326, R01 AI043279, R01 AI046326, R21 AI046326, R37 AI046326] NR 24 TC 185 Z9 190 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 12 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 21 BP 12004 EP 12009 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.21.12004 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 246MD UT WOS:000083166800059 PM 10518566 ER PT J AU van Kammen, DP McAllister-Sistilli, CG Kelley, ME Gurklis, JA Yao, JK AF van Kammen, DP McAllister-Sistilli, CG Kelley, ME Gurklis, JA Yao, JK TI Elevated interleukin-6 in schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; serum; CSF; interleukin-6 ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT; STIMULATORY FACTOR-II; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; PLASMA-LEVELS; HALOPERIDOL WITHDRAWAL; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SERUM INTERLEUKIN-6; CYTOKINE LEVELS; HUMAN BLOOD; IL-6 AB Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels have been shown to be increased in a number of autoimmune disorders and have recently been shown to be elevated in the serum of schizophrenic patients. Given the involvement of the CNS in schizophrenia, levels of interleukin-6 in the CSF are also of interest. Thus, we examined levels of both CSF and serum IL-6 concomitantly to determine if these levels were different from control values. In addition, we examined these measures in patients both on and off antipsychotic drugs to determine if any medication or exacerbation effects may account for the difference from controls. CSF IL-6 was measured by ELISA in 61 drug-free male schizophrenic (DSM-IIIR) patients and 25 well-screened healthy male control subjects. Serum IL-6 was measured in 43 of the 61 patients, and in 16 control subjects. Serum IL-6 was significantly higher in the schizophrenic patients compared to control subjects. CSF IL-6 was also higher in the patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. Paired data showed no medication or exacerbation effects on CSF IL-6, but plasma IL-6 significantly decreased in patients that experienced an exacerbation after medication withdrawal. The results indicate that IL-6 levels may be altered in schizophrenia. The relative decrease in exacerbated patients following haloperidol withdrawal may be indicative of a compensatory response of plasma IL-6 levels to relapse. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP van Kammen, DP (reprint author), RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, 920 Route 202,POB 300, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. EM dvankamm@prius.jnj.com NR 51 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD OCT 11 PY 1999 VL 87 IS 2-3 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(99)00053-0 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 247ZB UT WOS:000083249900004 ER PT J AU Brody, AL Saxena, S Silverman, DHS Alborzian, S Fairbanks, LA Phelps, ME Huang, SC Wu, HM Maidment, K Baxter, LR AF Brody, AL Saxena, S Silverman, DHS Alborzian, S Fairbanks, LA Phelps, ME Huang, SC Wu, HM Maidment, K Baxter, LR TI Brain metabolic changes in major depressive disorder from pre- to post-treatment with paroxetine SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography; FDG-PET; treatment response prediction; depression; ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; anterior cingulate gyrus ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; MOOD DISORDERS; BASAL GANGLIA; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; FUNCTIONAL-ANATOMY; GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; CORTEX; ABNORMALITIES AB Functional brain imaging studies of subjects with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have suggested that decreased dorsolateral (DLPFC) and increased ventrolateral (VLPFC) prefrontal cortical activity mediate the depressed state. Pre- to post-treatment studies indicate that these abnormalities normalize with successful treatment. We performed [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans on 16 outpatients with MDD before and after treatment with paroxetine (target dose = 40 mg/day). Regions of interest (ROIs) for this analysis were drawn by a rater blind to subject identity on the magnetic resonance image of each subject and transferred onto their coregistered PET scans. We hypothesized that DLPFC metabolism would increase, while ventral frontal metabolism [in the VLPFC, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and the inferior frontal,gyrus (IFG)] would decrease with successful treatment. Treatment response was defined as a decrease in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scare of > 50% and a Clinical Global Improvement Scale rating of 'much' or 'very much' improved. By these criteria, nine of the subjects were classified as treatment responders. These responders had significantly greater decreases in normalized VLPFC and OFC metabolism than did non-responders. There were no significant effects of treatment response on change in the DLPFC or IFG in this sample. However, there was a positive correlation between change in HAM-D scores and change in normalized IFG and VLPFC metabolism. There were no significant interactions with laterality. On pre-treatment scans, lower metabolism in the left ventral anterior cingulate gyrus was associated with better treatment response. These findings implicate ventral prefrontal-subcortical brain circuitry in the mediation of response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors in MDD. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med & Mol Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Behav Neurobiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Brody, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Room 67-468,760 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM abrody@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-53565] NR 47 TC 186 Z9 189 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD OCT 11 PY 1999 VL 91 IS 3 BP 127 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0925-4927(99)00034-7 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 255DD UT WOS:000083653500001 PM 10641577 ER PT J AU Campbell, AJ Robertson, MC Gardner, MM Norton, RN Buchner, DM AF Campbell, AJ Robertson, MC Gardner, MM Norton, RN Buchner, DM TI Falls prevention over 2 years: a randomized controlled trial in women 80 years and older SO AGE AND AGEING LA English DT Article DE community; falls; old age; physical activity; randomized controlled trial ID EXTERNAL HIP PROTECTORS; COMMUNITY; FRACTURES; EXERCISE; RISK AB Background: after 1 year, a home-based programme of strength and balance retraining exercises was effective in reducing falls and injuries in women aged 80 years and older. The exercise programme had been individually prescribed by a physiotherapist during the first 2 months of a randomized controled trial. Objective: we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the programme over 2 years. Setting: 17 general practices in Dunedin, New Zealand. Subjects: women from both the control group and the exercise group completing a 1-year trial (213 out of the original 233) were invited to continue for a further year. Methods: falls and compliance to the exercise programme were monitored for 2 years. Results: 81 (74%) in the control group and 71 (69%) in the exercise group agreed to continue in the study. After 2 years, the rate of falls remained significantly lower in the exercise group than in the control group. The relative hazard for all falls for the exercise group was 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.49-0.97). The relative hazard for a fall resulting in a moderate or severe injury was 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.42-0.95). Those complying with the exercise programme at 2 years had a higher level of physical activity at baseline, were more likely to have reported falling in the year before the study and had remained more confident in the first year about not falling compared with the rest of the exercise group. Conclusions: falls and injuries can be reduced by an individually tailored exercise programme in the home. For those who keep exercising, the benefit continues over a 2-year period. C1 Otago Med Sch, Dunedin Sch Med, Dept Med, Dunedin, New Zealand. Univ Auckland, Sch Med, Injury Prevent Res Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Campbell, AJ (reprint author), Otago Med Sch, Dunedin Sch Med, Dept Med, POB 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. RI Robertson, Mary Clare/A-3964-2009 NR 11 TC 235 Z9 242 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0002-0729 J9 AGE AGEING JI Age Ageing PD OCT PY 1999 VL 28 IS 6 BP 513 EP 518 DI 10.1093/ageing/28.6.513 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 257UT UT WOS:000083800900003 PM 10604501 ER PT J AU Bretsky, PM Buckwalter, JG Seeman, TE Miller, CA Poirier, J Schellenberg, GD Finch, CE Henderson, VW AF Bretsky, PM Buckwalter, JG Seeman, TE Miller, CA Poirier, J Schellenberg, GD Finch, CE Henderson, VW TI Evidence for an interaction between apolipoprotein E genotype, gender, and Alzheimer disease SO ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer disease; apolipoprotein E; gender; risk factors ID E EPSILON-4 ALLELE; E POLYMORPHISM; RISK; DEMENTIA; ONSET; AGE; SEX; ASSOCIATION; ESTROGEN; CONSORTIUM AB Carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele show significantly higher risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). The aim of this present study was to test the hypothesis that a significant interaction exists between APOE genotype and gender on AD. Interactions of epsilon 4 by gender, although indicated in the literature, require further verification. A total of 195 past or current control or AD participants in an ongoing longitudinal study of aging and dementia were genotyped. All subjects were at least 60 years old; demented subjects met clinical or pathologic criteria for late-onset AD. Logistic regression analysis and proportional hazard models were used to evaluate joint effects of APOE and gender. A significant statistical interaction between APOE and gender was shown (p = 0.04) in logistic regression analysis. Women carrying one or more APOE-epsilon 4 allele were more likely to develop AD [odds ratio (OR) = 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.2-19.1]. For men, the presence of the APOE-epsilon 4 allele was not associated with a statistically significant increased risk (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.5-5.3). The interaction term in the proportional hazards model neared (p = 0.07) statistical significance, and a similar but reduced gender effect was shown. The analysis suggests that the presence of one or more APOE-epsilon 4 allele confers a substantially greater risk of AD to women than to men. These findings in part may account for reports of increased risk of AD faced by women. C1 Univ So Calif, Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontol Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Neurol & Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Gerontol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Mcgill Ctr Studies Aging, Verdun, PQ, Canada. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bretsky, PM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Kenneth Norris Jr Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, 1441 Eastlake Ave,MS 44,POB 33800, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG05142, AG13499] NR 34 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-0341 J9 ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS JI Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Dis. PD OCT-DEC PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.1097/00002093-199910000-00007 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 268NV UT WOS:000084423200006 PM 10609670 ER PT J AU Sepulveda, AR Santos, AC Yamaoka, Y Wu, L Gutierrez, O Kim, JG Graham, DY AF Sepulveda, AR Santos, AC Yamaoka, Y Wu, L Gutierrez, O Kim, JG Graham, DY TI Marked differences in the frequency of microsatellite instability in gastric cancer from different countries SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER; HIGH-RISK POPULATION; INTESTINAL-TYPE; FAMILY HISTORY; MUTATIONS; CARCINOMA; GENES; ADENOCARCINOMA; HOMOLOG AB OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have reported variable rates of microsatellite instability (MST) in gastric cancer. We investigated the frequency of MSI in invasive gastric carcinoma of patients from three geographic regions. METHODS: Genomic DNA from gastric cancer and nontumor tissue from 22 Korean, 20 Colombian, and 26 U.S. patients was amplified with five microsatellite markers. RESULTS: MSI was more frequently seen in gastric cancer from Korea, affecting 50% of patients, in contrast with gastric cancers From the U.S. (7%) and Colombia (15%) (p = 0.003 and p = 0.03, respectively). MSI at one locus was significantly more frequent in gastric cancer from individuals >65 yr (p= 0.01). MSI was similarly associated with both diffuse and intestinal types of gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: MSI affects the two major histological types of gastric cancer, and was more frequent in gastric cancer from Korea than in the other countries, suggesting that the relative importance of different pathways of gastric carcinogenesis may vary in diverse regions of the world. (C) 1999 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Korea Univ, Guro Hosp, Coll Med, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. RP Sepulveda, AR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 94 IS 10 BP 3034 EP 3038 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 243DD UT WOS:000082981000044 PM 10520865 ER PT J AU Fernandez, M Raskind, W Wolff, J Matsushita, M Lipe, H Bird, T AF Fernandez, M Raskind, W Wolff, J Matsushita, M Lipe, H Bird, T TI A novel form of autosomal dominant movement disorder: familial dyskinesia and facial myokymia. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 SU S MA 356 BP A68 EP A68 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 241JQ UT WOS:000082879800356 ER PT J AU Krahe, R Palatini, J Ashizawa, T Virtaneva, K AF Krahe, R Palatini, J Ashizawa, T Virtaneva, K TI DNA microarray-based profiling of global gene expression changes in myotonic dystrophy (DM). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ohio State Univ, Comp Canc Ctr, Div Human Canc Genet, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 SU S MA 1720 BP A306 EP A306 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 241JQ UT WOS:000082879801723 ER PT J AU Matsuura, T Khajavi, M de Silva, R Ashizawa, T AF Matsuura, T Khajavi, M de Silva, R Ashizawa, T TI Very large SCA7 CAG expansion is compatible with cell viability in somatic mosaicism. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. So Gen Hosp, Inst Neurosci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 SU S MA 2611 BP A460 EP A460 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 241JQ UT WOS:000082879802613 ER PT J AU Tan, EK Matsuura, T Nagamitsu, S Khajavi, M Jankovic, J Ashizawa, T AF Tan, EK Matsuura, T Nagamitsu, S Khajavi, M Jankovic, J Ashizawa, T TI Polymorphism of NACP-Rep 1 in patients with Parkinson's disease. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 SU S MA 2667 BP A469 EP A469 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 241JQ UT WOS:000082879802668 ER PT J AU Goetz, AM Kedzuf, S Wagener, M Muder, RR AF Goetz, AM Kedzuf, S Wagener, M Muder, RR TI Feedback to nursing staff as an intervention to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PREVENTION AB Because of high incidence of catheter-related urinary tract infections (UTIs) in our Veterans Affairs medical center we began providing nursing staff with unit-specific UTI rates. In our preintervention period, the first quarter of 1995, 38 infections occurred in 1186 catheter-patient-days or 32/1000 catheter-patient-days (95% CI, 22.9-43.7). Thereafter, nursing staff members were provided with a quarterly report with catheter-related UTI rates depicted graphically by unit. In the 18 months after this intervention, the mean UTI rate decreased to 17.4/1000 catheter-patient-days (95% CT, 14.6-20.6, P = .002). We estimated a cost savings of $403,000. We conclude that unit-specific feedback of nosocomial UTI rates to nursing staff is a highly effective method of reducing infection rates and reducing costs associated with nosocomial UTI. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 14 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD OCT PY 1999 VL 27 IS 5 BP 402 EP 404 DI 10.1016/S0196-6553(99)70005-2 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 244NL UT WOS:000083057600005 PM 10511486 ER PT J AU Frankenfield, DL Rocco, MV Frederick, PR Pugh, J McClellan, WM Owen, WF AF Frankenfield, DL Rocco, MV Frederick, PR Pugh, J McClellan, WM Owen, WF CA Natl ESRD Core Indicators Work Grp TI Racia/ethnic analysis of selected intermediate outcomes for hemodialysis patients: Results from the 1997 ESRD Core Indicators Project SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hemodialysis; demographics; race; Hispanic; ethnicity; Health Care Financing Administration ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; DIALYSIS; SURVIVAL; RISK; RACE AB Principal goals of the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Core Indicators Project are to improve the care provided to ESRD patients and to identify categorical variability in intermediate outcomes of dialysis care. The purpose of the current analysis is to extend our observations about the variability of intermediate outcomes of ESRD care among different racial and gender groups to a previously unreported group, Hispanic Americans. This group is a significant and growing minority segment of the ESRD population, A random sample of Medicare-eligible adult, in-center, hemodialysis patients was selected and stratified from an end-of-year ESRD patient census for 1996, Of the 6,858 patients in the final sample, 45% were non-Hispanic whites, 36% were non-Hispanic blacks, and 11% were Hispanic, Whites were older than blacks or Hispanics (P < 0,001), Hispanics were more likely to have diabetes mellitus as a primary diagnosis than either blacks or whites (P < 0,001). Even though they received longer hemodialysis times and were treated with high-flux hemodialyzers, blacks had significantly lower hemodialysis doses than white or Hispanic patients (P < 0.001). The intradialytic weight losses were greater for blacks (P < 0,05), The delivered hemodialysis dose was lower for blacks than for whites or Hispanics whether measured as a urea reduction ratio (URR) or as the Kt/V calculated by the second generation formula of Daugirdas (median 1,32, 1,36, and 1.37, respectively, P < 0,001), Hispanics and whites had modestly higher hematocrits than blacks (33,2, 33,2, and 33.0%, respectively, P < 0.01), There was no significant difference among groups in the weekly prescribed epoetin alfa dose (similar to 172 units/kg/week), A significantly greater proportion of Hispanic patients had transferrin saturations greater than or equal to 20% compared with the other two groups (P < 0.001), Logistic regression modeling revealed that whites were significantly more likely to have serum albumin < 3.5(BCG)/3.2(BCP) gm/dL (OR 1.4, p < 0.01); blacks were significantly more likely to have a delivered Kt/V < 1.2 (OR 1,4, P < 0.001) and hematocrit < 30%, (OR 1,2; P < 0.05) and both blacks and Hispanics were significantly more likely to have a delivered URR < 65% (OR 1.5, P < 0.001 and 1,2, P < 0.05, respectively). C1 Hlth Care Financing Adm, Off Clin Standards & Qual, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Nephrol Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Vet Evidence Based Res Disseminat & Implementat C, San Antonio, TX USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Program Hypertens & Renal Dis Hlth Serv Res, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Renal, Atlanta, GA USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Inst Renal Outcomes Res & Hlth Policy, Durham, NC USA. RP Frankenfield, DL (reprint author), Hlth Care Financing Adm, Off Clin Standards & Qual, Mailstop S3-02-01,7500 Secur Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21244 USA. NR 34 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 34 IS 4 BP 721 EP 730 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70399-9 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 243MM UT WOS:000083001900019 PM 10516355 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Goldstein, IB Hance, DB Beckson, M Shapiro, D Lu, PH Edwards, N Mintz, J Bridge, P AF Bartzokis, G Goldstein, IB Hance, DB Beckson, M Shapiro, D Lu, PH Edwards, N Mintz, J Bridge, P TI The incidence of T2-weighted MR imaging signal abnormalities in the brain of cocaine-dependent patients is age-related and region-specific SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 149th Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 04-09, 1996 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID MIDDLE CEREBRAL-ARTERY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; NEUROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; SUBCORTICAL LESIONS; ALKALOIDAL COCAINE; LACUNAR INFARCTS; CRACK COCAINE; YOUNG-ADULTS; BLOOD-FLOW; STROKE AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cocaine and its metabolites can produce vasospasm, and cocaine-dependent patients are at increased risk for stroke. Based on previous case reports. we hypothesized that the incidence of hyperintense brain lesions observed on T2-weighted MR images would also be increased in asymptomatic cocaine-dependent individuals. METHODS: Sixty-two male "crack" (smoked) cocaine-dependent participants ranging in age from 25 to 66 years were compared with 116 normal male control participants ranging in age from 25 to 80 years. Those with histories of neurologic symptoms or illnesses were excluded. The severity of hyperintense lesions was rated on a 0- to 3-point scale. and ratings of 3 were used in the data analysis as an indicator of a probable pathologic process. Three regions were separately rated: the cerebral white matter. insular subcortex white matter, and subcortical gray matter (basal ganglia and thalamus region). RESULTS: Significantly increased risk of severe lesions was observed in the two white matter regions of the cocaine-dependent group (odds ratio of 16.7 and 20.3) but not in the subcortial gray matter region (odds ratio of 1.4). In the insula subcortex white matter. the risk of lesions increased with age in the cocaine-dependant sample. but remained essentially absent among normal controls through the age of 80 years. In the cerebral white matter, the relationship of age and risk of lesion among normal participants was similar in shape to that in cocaine-dependent participants. but equivalent risk was seen 20 years earlier among cocaine-dependent participants. CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine-dependent participants had a significantly increased age-related risk of white matter damage. The possible clinical implications of this damage are discussed. C1 Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Mental Hlth Serv Line, Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NIDA, Div Medicat Dev, Rockville, MD USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), N Little Rock VA Med Ctr, 2200 Ft Roots Dr,Bldg 170,116A NLR, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-11595]; NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA 50038] NR 74 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1628 EP 1635 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 250ER UT WOS:000083376500012 PM 10543632 ER PT J AU Kaiyala, KJ Prigeon, RL Kahn, SE Woods, SC Porte, D Schwartz, MW AF Kaiyala, KJ Prigeon, RL Kahn, SE Woods, SC Porte, D Schwartz, MW TI Reduced beta-cell function contributes to impaired glucose tolerance in dogs made obese by high-fat feeding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE glucose tolerance; glucose effectiveness; insulin secretion; diabetes; obesity ID INDUCED INSULIN-RESISTANCE; JAPANESE-AMERICAN MEN; DIETARY-FAT; INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; WEIGHT-LOSS; CARBOHYDRATE; SENSITIVITY; SECRETION AB Reduced beta-cell function contributes to impaired glucose tolerance in dogs made obese by high-fat feeding. The ability to increase beta-cell function in the face of reduced insulin sensitivity is essential for normal glucose tolerance. Because high-fat feeding reduces both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, we hypothesized that it also reduces beta-cell compensation. To test this hypothesis, we used intravenous glucose tolerance testing with minimal model analysis to measure glucose tolerance (K-g), insulin sensitivity (S-I), and the acute insulin response to glucose (AIR,) in nine dogs fed a chow diet and again after 7 wk of high-fat feeding. Additionally, we measured the effect of consuming each diet on 24-h profiles of insulin and glucose. After high-fat feeding, S-I decreased by 57% (P = 0.003) but AIR(g) was unchanged. This absence of beta-cell compensation to insulin resistance contributed to a 41% reduction of K-g (P = 0.003) and abolished the normal hyperbolic relationship between AIR(g) and S-I observed at baseline. High-fat feeding also elicited a 44% lower 24-h insulin level (P = 0.004) in association with an 8% reduction of glucose (P = 0.0003). We conclude that high-fat feeding causes insulin resistance that is not compensated for by increased insulin secretion and that this contributes to the development of glucose intolerance. These effects of high-fat. feeding may be especially deleterious to individuals predisposed to type 2 diabetes mellitus. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Metab 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Metab 151, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829, DK-17047, DK-35816] NR 59 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 277 IS 4 BP E659 EP E667 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 259XJ UT WOS:000083919000011 PM 10516125 ER PT J AU Raybould, HE AF Raybould, HE TI Nutrient Tasting and Signaling Mechanisms in the Gut I. Sensing of lipid by the intestinal mucosa SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE long-chain fatty acids; chylomicrons; cholecystokinin A receptors; vagal afferents ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-IV; FATTY-ACIDS; ENDOCRINE-CELLS; RAT; CHOLECYSTOKININ; SECRETION; INHIBITION; TRANSPORT; RELEASE; LYMPH AB It is well recognized that lipid in the intestine is a potent inhibitor of gastric secretomotor function. Progress has been made in the identification of the "sensor" for lipid in the intestinal wall. Long-chain free fatty acids are the stimulus both for release of CCK and for the production of functional effects. Long-chain triglyceride requires chylomicron formation for absorption, and there is strong evidence that the postabsorptive products of long-chain triglyceride absorption, including chylomicrons and apolipoproteins, are involved in sensory transduction in the intestinal wall. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Raybould, HE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41004] NR 30 TC 68 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 277 IS 4 BP G751 EP G755 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 259XH UT WOS:000083918900002 PM 10516140 ER PT J AU Tuxworth, WJ Wada, H Ishibashi, Y McDermott, PJ AF Tuxworth, WJ Wada, H Ishibashi, Y McDermott, PJ TI Role of load in regulating eIF-4F complex formation in adult feline cardiocytes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypertrophy; protein synthesis; translation; initiation factors ID INITIATION-FACTOR 4E; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; PHAS-I PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSLATION INITIATION; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; RAT-HEART; 4E-BINDING PROTEIN-1; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; MUSCLE-CELLS AB This study examined whether cardiocyte load increases eIF-4F complex formation. To increase load in vitro, adult feline cardiocytes were electrically stimulated to contract (1 Hz, 5-ms pulses). eIF-4F complex formation, measured by eIF-4G association with eIF-4E, increased 57 +/- 16% after 4 h of contraction compared with controls. eIF-4F complex formation did not increase on electrical stimulation with 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM), an inhibitor of active tension. Both insulin and phorbol ester increased eIF-4F complex formation, but these increases were unaffected by BDM. Insulin caused a shift of eIF-4E binding proteins (4E-BPs) into their hyperphosphorylated gamma-isoforms and dissociation of 4E-BPs from eIF-4E. Rapamycin inhibited 4E-BP phosphorylation in response to insulin but had no effect on eIF-4F complex formation. Electrically stimulated contraction caused a partial shift of 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2 into the gamma-isoforms, but it had no effect on 4E-BP association with eIF-4E. Rapamycin blocked the increase in eIF-4F complex formation in electrically stimulated cardiocytes and depressed contractility. These data indicate that cardiocyte load causes a tension-dependent increase in eIF-4F complex formation that does not require dissociation of 4E-BPs from eIF-4E. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP McDermott, PJ (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Strom Thurmond Biomed Res Bldg,Rm 303,114 Doughty, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-48788] NR 42 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 277 IS 4 BP H1273 EP H1282 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 259XN UT WOS:000083919400003 PM 10516161 ER PT J AU Di Patre, PL Read, SL Cummings, JL Tomiyasu, U Vartavarian, LM Secor, DL Vinters, HV AF Di Patre, PL Read, SL Cummings, JL Tomiyasu, U Vartavarian, LM Secor, DL Vinters, HV TI Progression of clinical deterioration and pathological changes in patients with Alzheimer disease evaluated at biopsy and autopsy SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; DYSTROPHIC NEURITES; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; FRONTAL-CORTEX; SYNAPSE LOSS; BRAIN; SEVERITY; DEMENTIA; PROTEIN AB Objectives: To quantify the progression of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and microglial activation in the cortex and white matter of patients with Alzheimer disease evaluated at both biopsy and subsequent autopsy and correlate these changes with the progression of neurologic impairment. Setting: Academic referral center for patient with Alzheimer disease. Patients: Four patients meeting the clinical criteria for Alzheimer disease, enrolled in a pilot study for the evaluation of response to intracerebroventricular administration of bethanechol chloride. The patients were followed up until death occurred and autopsy was performed. Results: all 4 patients had progressive deterioration from the time of biopsy to autopsy (9-11 years). Pathological investigations showed a striking increase in the density of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in 2 of 4 patients from biopsy to autopsy, and a significant increase in microglial activation in 1 of 4 cases. Severity of cerebral amyloid angiopathy varied significantly among patients, 1 of whom displayed striking amyloid deposition with associated subcortical white matter atrophy. Conclusions: These unique data demonstrate that the progressive neurologic impairment in Alzheimer disease is accompanied by a significant increase in senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangle counts in the frontal cortex and, possibly in some patients, by increased microglial cell activation. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy was associated with significant white matter disease. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Neuropathol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Di Patre, PL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, CHS 18-170, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG 10123]; NINDS NIH HHS [P01 NS 12435] NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1254 EP 1261 DI 10.1001/archneur.56.10.1254 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 243TC UT WOS:000083012500010 PM 10520942 ER PT J AU Maurer, BT Stern, AG Kinossian, B Cook, KD Schumacher, HR AF Maurer, BT Stern, AG Kinossian, B Cook, KD Schumacher, HR TI Osteoarthritis of the knee: Isokinetic quadriceps exercise versus an educational intervention SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-STATUS INSTRUMENTS; OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; MEDICAL-MANAGEMENT; PATIENT EDUCATION; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; STRENGTH; WEAKNESS; PROGRAM AB Objective: To evaluate the effects of isokinetic exercise versus a program of patient education on pain and function in older persons with knee osteoarthritis. Design: A randomized, comparative clinical trial, with interventions lasting 8 weeks and evaluations of 12 weeks. Setting: An outpatient Veterans Affairs Medical Center clinic and an affiliated university hospital. Patients: One hundred thirteen men and women between 50 and 80 years old with diagnosed osteoarthritis of the knee; 98 completed the entire assigned treatment. Intervention: Patients received either a regimen of isokinetic exercise of the quadriceps muscle three times weekly over 8 weeks or a series of 4 discussions and lectures led by health care professionals. Main Outcome Measures: Variables studied for change were isokinetic and isometric quadriceps strength, pain and function determined by categorical and visual analog scales, and overall status using physician and patient global evaluations by the Arthritis Impact Scale, version 2, Western Ontario McMaster's Arthritis Index, and Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36. Results: Both treatment groups showed significant strength gains (p < .05), which occurred over a wider velocity spectrum for the exercise group. Exercised patients also had improved pain scores for more of the variables measured than those receiving education. Both groups had positive functional outcomes and slightly improved measures of overall status. Conclusions: Isokinetic exercise is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for knee osteoarthritis, but a much less costly education program also showed some benefits. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Jefferson Med Coll, Med Res Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Jefferson Med Coll, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Jefferson Med Coll, Rheumatol Immunol Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Jefferson Med Coll, Med Res Serv, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 63 TC 123 Z9 133 U1 2 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 80 IS 10 BP 1293 EP 1299 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90032-1 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 244AW UT WOS:000083030500015 PM 10527090 ER PT J AU Felson, DT LaValley, MP Baldassare, AR Block, JA Caldwell, JR Cannon, GW Deal, C Evans, S Fleischmann, R Gendreau, RM Harris, ER Matteson, EL Roth, SH Schumacher, HR Weisman, MH Furst, DE AF Felson, DT LaValley, MP Baldassare, AR Block, JA Caldwell, JR Cannon, GW Deal, C Evans, S Fleischmann, R Gendreau, RM Harris, ER Matteson, EL Roth, SH Schumacher, HR Weisman, MH Furst, DE TI The Prosorba column for treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis - A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; DISEASE AB Objective, To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Prosorba column as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with active and treatment-resistant (refractory) disease. Methods. A sham-controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial of Prosorba versus sham apheresis was performed in patients with RA who had failed to respond to treatment with methotrexate or at least 2 other second-line drugs. Patients received 12 weekly treatments with Prosorba or sham apheresis, with efficacy evaluated 7-8 weeks after treatment ended. Patients were characterized as responders if they experienced improvement according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response criteria at the efficacy time point, A data safety monitoring board (DSMB) evaluated interim analyses for the possibility of early completion of the trial. Results. Patients in the trial had RA for an average of 15.5 years (range 1.7-50.6) and had failed an average of 4.2 second-line drug treatments prior to entry. After the completion of treatment of 91 randomized patients, the DSMB stopped the trial early due to successful outcomes. Of the 47 patients in the Prosorba arm, 31.9% experienced ACR-defined improvement versus 11.4% of the 44 patients in the sham-treated arm (P = 0.019 after adjustment for interim analysis). When results from 8 additional patients, who had completed blinded treatments at the time of DSMB action, were added to the analysis (n = 99), results were unchanged. The most common adverse events were a short-term flare in joint pain and swelling following treatment, a side effect that occurred in most subjects at least once in both treatment arms. Other side effects, although common, occurred equally as frequently in both treatment groups. Conclusion. Apheresis with the Prosorba column is an efficacious treatment for RA in patients with active disease who have failed other treatments. C1 Boston Univ, Arthrit Ctr, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Halifax Clin Res, Gainesville, FL USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Rheumatol Res Int, Dallas, TX USA. Cypress Biosci Inc, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Grad Sch Med, Rochester, MN 55901 USA. Phoenix Reg Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Virginia Mason Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Felson, DT (reprint author), Boston Univ, Arthrit Ctr, Sch Med, 715 Albany St,A-203, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00064] NR 17 TC 78 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 42 IS 10 BP 2153 EP 2159 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199910)42:10<2153::AID-ANR16>3.0.CO;2-W PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 246FH UT WOS:000083153400016 PM 10524687 ER PT J AU Lu, L Heinrich, MC Wang, LS Dai, MS Zigler, AJ Chai, L Broxmeyer, HE AF Lu, L Heinrich, MC Wang, LS Dai, MS Zigler, AJ Chai, L Broxmeyer, HE TI Retroviral-mediated gene transduction of c-kit into single hematopoietic progenitor cells from cord blood enhances erythroid colony formation and decreases sensitivity to inhibition by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor-beta 1 SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTOR; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA BLASTS; TGF-BETA; STROMAL CELLS; STIMULATING FACTOR; TYROSINE KINASE; STEM-CELLS; PROTOONCOGENE PRODUCT; INTERFERON-GAMMA AB The c-kit receptor and its ligand, steel factor (SLF), are critical for optimal hematopoiesis. We evaluated effects of transducing cord blood (CB) progenitor cells with a retrovirus encoding human c-kit cDNA, CD34(+) cells were sorted as a population or as 1 cell/well for cells expressing high levels of CD34(+++) and different levels of c-kit ((++), (+), (Lo/-)), transduced and then cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, erythropoietin (Epo) +/- SLF in the absence of serum. At a single-cell level, transduction with c-kit, but not with control (neo only), virus significantly increased colony formation, especially by erythroid and multipotential progenitors. The enhancing effect of c-kit transduction was inversely correlated with expression of c-kit protein before transduction. The greatest enhancing effects were noted in CD34(+++) kit(Lo/-) cells transduced with c-kit. The stimulating effect was apparent even in the absence of exogenously added SLF, but in the presence of GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-6, and Epo. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of SLF protein, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of SLF mRNA expression in CD34(+) cells, and use of neutralizing antibodies to SLF and/or c-kit suggested the presence of endogenous, although probably very low level, expression of SLF by these progenitor cells. Transduction of c-kit significantly decreased sensitivity of progenitor cells to the inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor-pr and tumor necrosis factor-a. c-kit-transduced cells had increased expression of c-kit protein and decreased spontaneous or cytokine-induced apoptosis. Our results suggest that transduced c-kit into selected progenitor cells can enhance proliferation and decrease apoptosis and that endogenous SLF may mediate this effect. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Dept Med Hematol Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Walther Canc Inst, Indianapolis, IN USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Portland, OR USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Lu, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1044 W Walnut St,Room 302, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 54037, R01 HL56416]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 53674] NR 63 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD OCT 1 PY 1999 VL 94 IS 7 BP 2319 EP 2332 PG 14 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 242HT UT WOS:000082935000020 PM 10498604 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JL Doyle, PJ Linebaugh, CW Spencer, KA Kalinyak-Fliszar, M AF Wambaugh, JL Doyle, PJ Linebaugh, CW Spencer, KA Kalinyak-Fliszar, M TI Effects of deficit-oriented treatments on lexical retrieval in a patient with semantic and phonological deficits SO BRAIN AND LANGUAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID NAMING DISORDERS; THERAPY C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Utah, Dept Commun Disorders, Salt Lake City, UT USA. GRECC, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0093-934X J9 BRAIN LANG JI Brain Lang. PD OCT 1 PY 1999 VL 69 IS 3 BP 446 EP 450 PG 5 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA 242JB UT WOS:000082935800066 ER PT J AU Haenel, LC Gordon, BM Sagel, J AF Haenel, LC Gordon, BM Sagel, J TI Radioiodine-induced thyrotoxicosis and thyroiditis after ablative therapy for papillary carcinoma - A case discussion and literature review SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hyperthyroidism; 1-131 ablation; thyroid cancer; thyroiditis ID CANCER AB The preferred treatment for patients with multifocal thyroid carcinoma or a single focus of malignancy larger than 1.5 cm is near-total thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablation therapy of the remaining thyroid tissue. The authors describe a patient who had a 2.6-cm papillary thyroid carcinoma but no evidence of metastatic disease. This malignancy was not diagnosed during intraoperative frozen section examination, but rather at the final pathologic analysis. The unilateral thyroid lobectomy resulted in a recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. During subsequent I-131 therapy of the remaining lobe, features of acute radiation thyroiditis, including thyrotoxicosis, developed. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Nucl Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Haenel, LC (reprint author), 25 E Laurel Rd, Stratford, NJ 08084 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 24 IS 10 BP 741 EP 743 DI 10.1097/00003072-199910000-00001 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 238HC UT WOS:000082704000001 ER PT J AU Dobscha, SK Delucchi, K Young, ML AF Dobscha, SK Delucchi, K Young, ML TI Adherence with referrals for outpatient follow-up from a VA psychiatric emergency room SO COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This study identifies patient characteristics associated with adherence to outpatient mental health treatment referrals from a VA psychiatric emergency department. Attendance of outpatient appointments was monitored for 12 weeks following emergency department visits (N = 241). Overall attendance of the first appointments was 53%, ranging from 34% of the homeless, to 82% of patients with alcoholism in remission. Characteristics associated with initial adherence included having a place to live and the diagnosis of depression. At twelve weeks, the diagnosis of substance abuse was associated with worse ongoing adherence. The results underscore the need to develop interventions targeting patients at highest risk of poor adherence. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Mental Hlth, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Nursing, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Dobscha, SK (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Mental Hlth, POB 1034,P71DMH, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0010-3853 J9 COMMUNITY MENT HLT J JI Community Ment. Health J. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1023/A:1018786512676 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 246JK UT WOS:000083160500006 PM 10547120 ER PT J AU Kishi, Y Schmelzer, JD Yao, JK Zollman, PJ Nickander, KK Tritschler, HJ Low, PA AF Kishi, Y Schmelzer, JD Yao, JK Zollman, PJ Nickander, KK Tritschler, HJ Low, PA TI alpha-lipoic acid: Effect on glucose uptake, sorbitol pathway, and energy metabolism in experimental diabetic neuropathy SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID NERVE BLOOD-FLOW; TRANSPORTER MESSENGER-RNA; PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DORSAL-ROOT-GANGLIA; PERIPHERAL-NERVE; PYRUVATE-DEHYDROGENASE; CONDUCTION-VELOCITY; PERINEURIAL CELLS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; OXYGEN-TENSION AB The peripheral nerve of experimental diabetic neuropathy (EDN) is reported to be ischemic and hypoxic, with an increased dependence on anaerobic metabolism, requiring increased energy substrate stores. When glucose stores become reduced, fiber degeneration has been reported. We evaluated glucose uptake, nerve energy metabolism, the polyol pathway, and protein kinase C (PKC) activity in EDN induced by streptozotocin. Control and diabetic rats received lipoic acid (0, 10, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Duration of diabetes was 1 month, and alpha-lipoic acid was administered intraperitoneally 5 times per week for the final week of the experiment. Nerve glucose uptake was reduced to 60, 37, and 30% of control values in the sciatic nerve, L5 dorsal root ganglion, and superior cervical ganglion (SCG), respectively, in rats with EDN. alpha-Lipoic acid supplementation had no effect on glucose uptake in normal nerves at any dose, but reversed the deficit in EDN, with a threshold between 10 and 25 mg/kg. Endoneurial glucose, fructose, sorbitol, and myo-inositol were measured in sciatic nerve. or-lipoic acid had no significant effect on either energy metabolism or polyol pathway of normal nerves. In EDN, endoneurial glucose, fructose, and sorbitol were significantly increased, while myo-inositol was significantly reduced. or-lipoic acid had a biphasic effect: it dose-dependently increased fructose, glucose, and sorbitol, peaking at 25 mg/kg, and then fell beyond that dose, and it dose-dependently increased myo-inositol. Sciatic nerve cytosolic PKC was increased in EDN. ATP, creatine phosphate, and lactate were measured in sciatic nerve and SCG. alpha-Lipoic acid prevented the reduction in SCG creatine phosphate. We conclude that glucose uptake is reduced in EDN and that this deficit is dose-dependently reversed by alpha-lipoic acid, a change associated with an improvement in peripheral nerve function. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113A, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Asta Med, Frankfurt, Germany. RP Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Dept Neurol, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM low@mayo.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS22352] NR 71 TC 76 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1999 VL 48 IS 10 BP 2045 EP 2051 DI 10.2337/diabetes.48.10.2045 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 240FJ UT WOS:000082815000021 PM 10512372 ER PT J AU Singh, R Alavi, N Singh, AK Leehey, DJ AF Singh, R Alavi, N Singh, AK Leehey, DJ TI Role of angiotensin II in glucose-induced inhibition of mesangial matrix degradation SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; DEGRADING NEUTRAL PROTEINASE; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELLS; RAT; MELLITUS; SYSTEM; PROLIFERATION AB Accumulation of mesangial matrix in diabetic nephropathy is caused by increased synthesis and decreased degradation We have previously demonstrated that incubation in high-glucose medium decreases mesangial cell collagenase activity (Diabetes 44:929-935, 1995). Because angiotensin II (AII) is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, the present studies were performed to determine if AII mediates glucose-induced 1) inhibition of mesangial collagenase activity, 2) mesangial matrix accumulation, and 3) in-crease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 secretion in mesangial cells. The direct effect of high glucose on AII generation in mesangial cells a-as also determined. Primary mesangial cells from normal Sprague-Dawley rats were used in all studies. Collagenase activity in cell medium was determined using three methods: I) zymography; 2) quantitative assay using fluoresceinated gelatin as substrate; and 3) a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that specifically measures 72-kDa collagenase (MMP-2), the principal collagenase synthesized by mesangial cells. Matrix accumulation was estimated by immunoperoxidase assay on cell layers using anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies. TGF-beta 1 and AII levels were determined by ELISA. Exposure of mesangial cells to 30 mmol/l glucose thigh glucose) vs. 5 mmol/l glucose (normal glucose) for 5 days resulted in a significant decrease in collagenase activity (25%) that was normalized by 10(-4) mol/l. losartan, a type 1 angiotensin II (AT(1)) receptor antagonist. High glucose increased anti-GBM binding compared with normal glucose; this effect of glucose was reversed by losartan. Incubation of cells with 30 mmol/l glucose increased total TGF-beta I secretion, which was also normalized by losartan. Addition of AII (10(-6) mol/l) for 24 h to the culture medium inhibited collagenase activity by 33%; losartan (10(-4) mol/l) blocked this inhibition of enzyme activity Also, AII decreased collagenase (MMP-2) levels but stimulated TGF-beta I secretion in mesangial cells. Finally, glucose increased mesangial AII generation in a concentration-dependent manner with incubation in 30 mmol/l glucose increasing AII by 25%, compared with 5 mmol/l glucose, We conclude that glucose increases AII production by mesangial cells, which results in stimulation of TGF-beta 1 secretion, decreased matrix degradation, and increased matrix accumulation. These effects of AII are mediated by the AT(1) receptor. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Westside Vet Affairs Hosp, Chicago, IL USA. Hektoen Inst Med Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Loyola Univ, Sch Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Leehey, DJ (reprint author), VA Hines 111L, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 39 TC 125 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD OCT PY 1999 VL 48 IS 10 BP 2066 EP 2073 DI 10.2337/diabetes.48.10.2066 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 240FJ UT WOS:000082815000024 PM 10512375 ER PT J AU Wu, CJ Qian, XL O'Rourke, DM AF Wu, CJ Qian, XL O'Rourke, DM TI Sustained mitogen-activated protein kinase activation is induced by transforming erbB receptor complexes SO DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS; MAP-KINASE; EGF RECEPTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; TYROSINE KINASE; CYCLE PROGRESSION; GENE-EXPRESSION; TERMINAL KINASE; ADAPTER PROTEIN AB We used a genetic approach to characterize features of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation occurring as a consequence of expression of distinct erbB receptor combinations in transformed human cells. Kinase-deficient erbB proteins reduced epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous Shc proteins and also reduced immediate and sustained EGF-induced ERK MAPK activities in human glioblastoma cells, although basal ERK MAPK activities were unaffected. Basal and EGF-induced JNK and p38 MAPK kinase activities were equivalent in parental cancer cells and EGFR-inhibited subclones, When ectopically overexpressed in murine fibroblasts and human glioblastoma cells, a constitutively activated human EGF receptor oncoprotein (Delta EGFR) induced EGF-independent elevation of basal ERK MAPK activity. Basal JNK MAPK kinase activity was also specifically induced by Delta EGFR, which correlated with increased phosphorylation of a 54-kDa JNK2 protein observed in Delta EGFR-containing cells. The JNK activities in response to DNA damage were comparably increased in cells containing wildtype EGFR or Delta EGFR. Consistent with the notion that transforming erbB complexes induce sustained and unregulated MAPK activities, coexpression of p185(neu) and EGFR proteins to levels sufficient to transform murine fibroblasts also resulted in prolonged EGF-induced ERK in vitro kinase activation. Transforming erbB complexes, including EGFR homodimers, Delta EGFR homodimers, and p185(neu)/EGFR heterodimers, appear to induce sustained, unattenuated activation of MARK activities that may contribute to increased transformation and resistance to apoptosis in primary human glioblastoma cells. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Canc, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Life Sci, Hefei 230027, Anhui, Peoples R China. NCI, Cellular Oncol Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP O'Rourke, DM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Room 288,John Morgan Bldg,36th & Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 72 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1044-5498 J9 DNA CELL BIOL JI DNA Cell Biol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 18 IS 10 BP 731 EP 741 DI 10.1089/104454999314872 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 249EV UT WOS:000083320700001 PM 10541432 ER PT J AU McCauley, LA Joos, SK Spencer, PS Lasarev, M Shuell, T AF McCauley, LA Joos, SK Spencer, PS Lasarev, M Shuell, T TI Strategies to assess validity of self-reported exposures during the Persian Gulf War SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Persian Gulf War; exposure assessment; epidemiology; reporting bias; reliability ID PYRIDOSTIGMINE AB Research in the area of Persian Gulf War Unexplained Illnesses (PGWUI) is heavily dependent on self-reports of exposures, The Portland Environmental Hazards Research Center (PEHRC) conducted a population-based case-control study utilizing techniques to measure the magnitude of potential error in self-reports of exposure. While it is impossible to verify most exposures in the Persian Gulf War (PGW), results of our study reveal significant overreporting of exposures that can be verified based on the time period served in the Persian Gulf. Test-retest reliability estimates indicate inconsistency in frequency and rate of self-reported exposures during the PGW. Unexplained illness in PGW veterans has received much political and scientific attention. Self-reported exposures in surveys returned preceeding and following media reports on particular exposure such as nerve gas or pesticides are presented. These results are useful in the interpretation of findings related to the PGWUI and in the design of future investigations. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP McCauley, LA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L606, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Lasarev, Michael R/0000-0002-1896-2705 NR 18 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 81 IS 3 BP 195 EP 205 DI 10.1006/enrs.1999.3977 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 246BF UT WOS:000083142700003 PM 10585015 ER PT J AU McCauley, LA Joos, SK Lasarev, MR Storzbach, D Bourdette, DN AF McCauley, LA Joos, SK Lasarev, MR Storzbach, D Bourdette, DN TI Gulf War unexplained illnesses: Persistence and unexplained nature of self-reported symptoms SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Gulf War; health symptoms; case-control studies; survey questionnaires; clinical evaluation ID INSTRUCTIONS AB Most published reports of health symptoms among Gulf War (GW) veterans have been based on self-reported questionnaire data. The presence of these symptoms at the time of a clinical evaluation and the unexplained nature of the symptoms have not been described. We report the findings of a sample of symptomatic veterans that were examined as part of a population-based case-control study of GW unexplained illnesses. Participants in the case-control study were selected from responders to a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of GW veterans residing in the northwestern United States. The initial survey questionnaire solicited information on the presence of fatigue and psychological/cognitive, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and dermatological problems, The persistence of the symptoms and possible explanatory diagnoses were explored at the time of the clinical evaluation. Findings from the first 225 participants who completed clinical examinations indicate significant differences between self-reported symptoms on the survey questionnaire and those confirmed at the time of clinical exam. The agreement between symptoms reported both on the survey and at the time of examination varies across the symptom groups. While self-reported unexplained fatigue was confirmed at the time of clinical encounter in 79% of participants, self-reported gastrointestinal symptoms were confirmed at the clinical encounter in only 20% of participants, Differences between symptoms reported on the survey questionnaire and those confirmed at the time of clinical encounter were attributable to finding a clinical diagnosis for the symptom, resolution of symptom(s) between time of questionnaire and clinical exam, and inadvertent endorsement of the symptom on the questionnaire. These findings suggest that due to the possibility of outcome misclassification, inappropriate conclusions may be drawn about the association between exposures and unexplained illnesses in GW veterans from data derived solely from self-administered questionnaires. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Med Informat & Outcome Res, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP McCauley, LA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Lasarev, Michael R/0000-0002-1896-2705 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 81 IS 3 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1006/enrs.1999.3973 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 246BF UT WOS:000083142700005 PM 10585017 ER PT J AU Reddy, SV Menaa, C Singer, FR Cundy, T Cornish, J Whyte, MP Roodman, GD AF Reddy, SV Menaa, C Singer, FR Cundy, T Cornish, J Whyte, MP Roodman, GD TI Measles virus nucleocapsid transcript expression is not restricted to the osteoclast lineage in patients with Paget's disease of bone SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE osteoclast; measles virus; Paget's disease of bone ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; IN-VITRO; CELLS; AMPLIFICATION; PRECURSORS; SEQUENCE; ANTIGENS; ACID AB Abundant evidence supports a viral etiology for Paget's disease of bone (PD), however, an infectious virus has not been isolated from PD patients. Thus, it is unclear how the virus is maintained for the many years that the disease persists in patients, We considered if a primitive multipotential hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which is self-renewing, passes the virus to its differentiated progeny and serves as a reservoir for the pathogen, If a primitive stem cell harbored measles virus (MV), then other hematopoietic lineages derived from this stem cell in PD patients should also express MV transcripts. Therefore, because the human hematopoietic stem cell has not been clearly identified or isolated in large numbers, we isolated RNA from highly purified erythroid and multipotential hematopoietic progenitors that are the precursors for erythroid, granulocyte, megakaryocyte and macrophages (CFU-GEMM), and used RT-PCR to deter-mine if MV nucleocapsid transcripts were present. MV transcripts were detected in PD patients in early erythroid (BFU-E) and more primitive multipotential myeloid progenitors (CFU-GEMM), Nonhematopoietic stromal cells from PD patients did not ex-press MV transcripts. The expression of MV transcripts in erythroid progenitors was further confirmed by in situ hybridization using antisense riboprobes to MV nucleocapsid transcripts. Thus, our findings suggest that the pluripotent HSCs may be a potential reservoir for the virus. We propose that when HSCs, which contain MV, divide they produce a second HSC that serves as a reservoir for the virus and also transmit the virus to their more differentiated progeny in the erythroid and myeloid lineages. This mechanism would permit a defective virus to persist in HSCs of PD patients for many Sears, since HSCs are usually in GU phase, and then be transmitted to more differentiated cells. This model further suggests that a mature complete virus that affects cell function could only act pathogenetically in the osteoclast lineage, which offers a permissive milieu. (C) 1999 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. OI Cundy, Timothy/0000-0003-4890-9400 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13625]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336, AR44603] NR 20 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 27 IS 10 BP 1528 EP 1532 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(99)00097-1 PG 5 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 240TR UT WOS:000082841700007 PM 10517494 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Hinrichs, DJ Gretch, DR Koziel, MJ Chou, S Houghton, M Rabkin, J Corless, CL Bouwer, HGA AF Rosen, HR Hinrichs, DJ Gretch, DR Koziel, MJ Chou, S Houghton, M Rabkin, J Corless, CL Bouwer, HGA TI Association of multispecific CD4(+) response to hepatitis C and severity of recurrence after liver transplantation SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Digestive Disease Week - 25 Years of Endoscopic Papillotomy CY MAY 16-22, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS-INFECTION; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN-3; MAJOR GENOTYPES; CELL; RECIPIENTS; ANTIGENS; VIREMIA; HCV; PERSISTENT AB Background & Aims: After liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus (HCV), reinfection of the allograft invariably occurs. Indirect evidence suggests that the cellular immune response may play a central role. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the correlation between HCV-specific peripheral CD4(+) T-cell responses and the severity of recurrence after liver transplantation. Methods: Fifty-eight HCV-seropositive patients, including 43 liver transplant recipients with at least 1 year of histological follow-up, were studied. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from fresh heparinized blood and stimulated with either recombinant HCV antigens (core, E2, NS3, NS4, and NS5) or control antigens. Results: Fourteen (40%) of 35 patients with mild or no evidence of histological recurrence within their allografts responded to at least 1 of the HCV antigens. Eleven responded to NS3, 5 to all the nonstructural antigens, and 3 to the HCV core polypeptide alone. In contrast, in the 8 patients with severe HCV recurrence, no proliferation in response to; any of the HCV antigens was seen (P = 0.03) despite responses to the control antigens. Conclusions: Despite immunosuppression, HCV-specific, major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted CD4(+) T-cell responses are detectable in patients with minimal histological recurrence after liver transplantation. In contrast, PBMCs from patients with severe HCV recurrence, despite being able to proliferate in response to non-HCV antigens, fail to respond to the HCV antigens. These findings suggest that the inability to generate virus-specific T-cell responses plays a contributory role in the pathogenesis of HCV-related graft injury after liver transplantation. It is hoped that further characterization of the immunoregulatory mechanisms related to recurrent HCV will provide the rationale for novel therapeutic strategies and diminish the incidence of inevitable graft loss. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Earle A Chilles Res Inst, Portland, OR USA. Univ Washington, Div Virol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,P3-GI, Portland, OR 97207 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI40032-02, AI41563-01, AI39049-02] NR 34 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD OCT PY 1999 VL 117 IS 4 BP 926 EP 932 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70352-5 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 241FR UT WOS:000082872500027 PM 10500076 ER PT J AU Mercer, GT Molinari, V Kunik, ME Orengo, CA Snow, L Rezabek, P AF Mercer, GT Molinari, V Kunik, ME Orengo, CA Snow, L Rezabek, P TI Rehospitalization of older psychiatric inpatients: An investigation of predictors SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE rehospitalization; older adults; inpatients; predictors ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC-CATCHMENT-AREA; RATING-SCALE BPRS; GEROPSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; DISORDERS; SERVICES; CARE; INDICATORS; POPULATION AB The purpose of this study was to identify a combination of variables that could predict rehospitalization among a sample of 150 geropsychiatric inpatients. Logistic regression analyses testing a modified model identified risk factors for geropsychiatric rehospitalization and correctly classified approximately 80% of inpatients who were rehospitalized for subsequent treatment. Patients' psychiatric diagnosis (mood or schizophrenic disorder), poor general psychiatric functioning, depressive and agitated behavior at discharge, little or no supervision in living arrangements following discharge, limited social support, change in the social support system preceding hospitalization, and maladaptive family functioning could significantly predict geropsychiatric rehospitalization. The strongest independent predictor was maladaptive family functioning. C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychol Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. St Louis Behav Med Inst, St Louis, MO USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Vet Integrated Serv Network, MIRECC 16, Houston, TX USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Molinari, V (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychol Serv, 116B,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 1999 VL 39 IS 5 BP 591 EP 598 PG 8 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 331UU UT WOS:000088037700008 PM 10568083 ER PT J AU Vescio, R Berenson, J AF Vescio, R Berenson, J TI Autologous transplantation - Purging and the impact of minimal residual disease SO HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; MONOCLONAL PLASMA-CELLS; HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; TUMOR CONTAMINATION; RANDOMIZED TRIAL AB Autograft purging is feasible but of uncertain necessity. Despite encouraging phase II studies in patients with leukemia and lymphoma, few of these studies have been completed and those that have been completed have yet to mature. Patients undergoing tandem transplants or with highly responsive malignancies are most likely to benefit from autograft purging. New methods for monitoring minimal residual disease should help determine which disease conditions may benefit from autograft manipulation. The rationale for these statements are discussed in this article. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Vescio, R (reprint author), DVA W Los Angeles 111H, Bldg 500,Room 4237,11301 Wilshore Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8588 J9 HEMATOL ONCOL CLIN N JI Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 BP 969 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70105-2 PG 19 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 250ZA UT WOS:000083419100005 PM 10553257 ER PT J AU Kim, HG Kassis, J Souto, JC Turner, T Wells, A AF Kim, HG Kassis, J Souto, JC Turner, T Wells, A TI EGF receptor signaling in prostate morphogenesis and tumorigenesis SO HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE organogenesis; prostate carcinoma; development; signaling; tumor invasion ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; DOMINANT-NEGATIVE MUTANT; CANCER CELL-LINE; FACTOR-ALPHA; CARCINOMA-CELLS; TYROSINE KINASE; TARGETED EXPRESSION; ANDROGEN-BINDING; MOUSE PROSTATE; MESSENGER-RNA AB The growth and differentiation of the prostate gland are largely dependent on extracellular signaling factors. In addition to androgens, many polypeptide growth factors function through autocrine or paracrine networks. The paracrine interaction between stromal and epithelial cells is critical for androgen regulation, morphogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation, and secretory differentiation. Efforts to identify the essential growth factors and studies on their effects have been prompted by the fact that prostate cells in culture need substances other than androgens for proliferation. In this context, transforming growth factor-a and epidermal growth factor, among others, have been studied extensively. Recent advances have suggested that these EGF receptor (EGFR) ligands play roles not only during glandular development but also during neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. The cell responses most relevant to the role of this receptor signaling are both mitogenesis and cell motility. The aim of the review is to provide an overview of current knowledge about EGFR and its ligands in the organogenesis and tumorigenesis of the prostate gland. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Tuskegee Univ, Dept Biol, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Wells, A (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, LHRB 531,701 19th St S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150 NR 78 TC 78 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 5 PU F HERNANDEZ PI MURCIA PA PLAZA FUENSANTA 2-7 C, 30008 MURCIA, SPAIN SN 0213-3911 J9 HISTOL HISTOPATHOL JI Histol. Histopath. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1175 EP 1182 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 234DY UT WOS:000082470300018 PM 10506934 ER PT J AU Goetz, A Posey, K Fleming, J Jacobs, S Boody, L Wagener, MM Muder, RR AF Goetz, A Posey, K Fleming, J Jacobs, S Boody, L Wagener, MM Muder, RR TI Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the community: A hospital-based study SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARRIAGE; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; STAFF AB To determine the proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among patients presenting for hospitalization and to assess risk factors for MRSA carriage, we conducted a study for 13 months at five Pittsburgh-area hospitals. Of 504 S aureus identified, 125 (25%) were MRSA. Independent risk factors for MRSA included organ transplantation, employment in a healthcare facility, pressure sores, tube feeding, and hospitalization within the preceding year (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999;20:689-691). C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Mercy Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. St Clair Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Forbes Reg Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 12 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 20 IS 10 BP 689 EP 691 DI 10.1086/501567 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 245UX UT WOS:000083127500009 PM 10530648 ER PT J AU Holden, WE Wilkins, JP Harris, M Milczuk, HA Giraud, GD AF Holden, WE Wilkins, JP Harris, M Milczuk, HA Giraud, GD TI Temperature conditioning of nasal air: effects of vasoactive agents and involvement of nitric oxide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE temperature regulation; nose; vasoconstrictor; vasodilator ID EXHALED AIR; HUMANS; SYNTHASE; MUCOSA; PHYSIOLOGY; EXERCISE AB Nitric oxide(NO) is released into nasal air,but its function is unknown. We hypothesized that nasal vascular tone and/or flow influences temperature conditioning of nasal air and that NO participates in this process. We measured nasal air temperature (via a thermocouple) and exhaled nasal NO release (by chemiluminescence) in five humans and examined the effects of an aerosolized vasoconstrictor (oxymetazoline), a vasodilator(papaverine), N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NO synthase, or saline (control). Compared with saline (which caused no changes in nasal air temperature or exhaled NO release), oxymetazoline (0.05%) reduced nasal air temperature and NO release (130.8 +/- 15.1 to 81.3 +/- 12.8 nl.min(-1).m(-2); P < 0.01). Papaverine (0.01 M) increased nasal air temperature and NO release (131.8 +/- 13.1 to 157.2 +/- 17.4 nl.min(-1).m(-2); P < 0.03). N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester reduced nasal air temperature and NO release (123.7 +/- 14.2 to 44.2 +/- 23.7 nl.min(-1).m(-2); P < 0.01). The results suggest that vascular tone and/or flow modulates temperature conditioning and that NO may participate in that function. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Med Serv, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Holden, WE (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Med Serv, 3710 SW US Vet Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 87 IS 4 BP 1260 EP 1265 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 244NP UT WOS:000083057900003 PM 10517750 ER PT J AU Reddy, SV Menaa, C Singer, FR Demulder, A Roodman, GD AF Reddy, SV Menaa, C Singer, FR Demulder, A Roodman, GD TI Cell biology of Paget's disease SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Pagets Disease CY NOV 29-30, 1998 CL NAPA, CALIFORNIA ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; FORMED IN-VITRO; BONE TISSUE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; VIRAL-ANTIGENS; OSTEOCLASTS; INTERLEUKIN-6; PRECURSORS; RECEPTOR; VIRUS AB Paget's disease is characterized by markedly increased osteoclast formation and bone resorption followed by excessive new bone formation. Osteoclasts in Paget's disease are increased both in number and size, contain paramyxoviral-like nuclear inclusions, and can have up to 100 nuclei per cell. Marrow culture studies have identified several abnormalities in osteoclast formation in Paget's disease. Osteoclast-like multinucleated cells formed more rapidly in marrow cultures from patients with Paget's disease, produced increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), and expressed high levels of IL-6 receptors compared to normals. IL-6 levels were also increased in bone marrow and peripheral blood of patients with Paget's disease. In addition, osteoclast precursors from patients with Paget's disease are hyperresponsive to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1,25(OH)(2)D-3) and calcitonin, The increased sensitivity of osteoclast precursors to 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 is mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), since 24-hydroxylase activity is also up-regulated at concentrations of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 that are one log less than that needed to induce 24-hydroxylase activity in osteoclast precursors from normals. However, VDR numbers and affinity for 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 do not differ in osteoclast precursors from Paget's patients compared to those from normals. Synergistic interactions between cytokines such as IL-6 and 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 also cannot explain the enhanced sensitivity of osteoclast precursors from patients with Paget's disease to 1,25(OH)(2)D-3. Interestingly, coculture studies of osteoclast precursors and cells from the marrow:microenvironment of patients with Paget's disease and normals have demonstrated that the marrow microenvironment is more osteoclastogenic than normal. Thus, studies of the cell biology of osteoclasts in Paget's disease have demonstrated an increased rate of osteoclast formation and abnormalities in both osteoclast precursors and the marrow microenvironment, Enhanced IL-6 production by osteoclasts in Paget's disease may further amplify the increased osteoclast formation already ongoing in the pagetic lesion, and may explain the increased bone turnover at uninvolved sites distant from the pagetic lesion. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. John Wayne Canc Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. Brugmann Hosp, Brussels, Belgium. Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Res Hematol 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 36125, AR 41336, AR 44603] NR 28 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 14 SU 2 BP 3 EP 8 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 240AZ UT WOS:000082804600002 PM 10510206 ER PT J AU Leach, RJ Singer, FR Cody, JD Roodman, GD AF Leach, RJ Singer, FR Cody, JD Roodman, GD TI Variable disease severity associated with a Paget's disease predisposition gene SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Pagets Disease CY NOV 29-30, 1998 CL NAPA, CALIFORNIA ID FAMILIAL EXPANSILE OSTEOLYSIS; CHROMOSOME 18Q; BONE; LINKAGE AB We have recently identified a region on the long arm of chromosome 18 that carries a predisposition gene for Paget's disease using linkage analysis. This region was explored because of earlier studies demonstrating the presence of a gene for another bone disorder, familial expansile osteolysis (FEO) within this region. FEO has many similarities to Paget's disease including osteoclast abnormalities and viral-like nuclear inclusions, Therefore, it was proposed that FEO and Paget's disease are disorders resulting from mutations at the same locus. For our linkage study, we utilized a large kindred with a high incidence of Paget's disease. The propositus in this family had polyostotic disease symptoms beginning at age 31, During the process of characterizing this family, four other family members were diagnosed with Paget's disease. One of the proband's siblings was asymptomatic but had high normal serum alkaline phosphatase levels; Paget's disease was identified only after bone scanning (at age 50), This implies that the predisposition gene does not consistently cause severe disease and raises a question concerning the mechanism of predisposition: Does the predisposition gene affect the age of onset and/or the severity of disease? To further explore this question, two individuals from this kindred, under age 30 and carrying the affected haplotype, were evaluated for early onset Paget's disease. No evidence of disease was observed after thorough evaluation. This implies that the age of onset is highly variable for this locus, indicating variable expression of disease in individuals carrying the same mutation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. St Johns Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Leach, RJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR08482, AR44919] NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 14 SU 2 BP 17 EP 20 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 240AZ UT WOS:000082804600004 PM 10510208 ER PT J AU Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Gayowski, T Marino, IR AF Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Gayowski, T Marino, IR TI Psychological characteristics of candidates for liver transplantation: Differences according to history of substance abuse and UNOS listing SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; PSYCHOSOCIAL PREDICTORS; SURVIVAL; OPTIMISM; RECIPIENTS; DISTRESS; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Liver transplantation for patients with a history of substance abuse remains controversial. Resumption of heavy alcohol use postoperatively is a threat to long-term survival, but recidivism among transplanted alcoholics is reportedly low. An argument against psychological evaluation prior to transplantation revolves around the speculation that candidates will attempt to portray themselves as more desirable prior to listing with UNOS (United Network for Organ Sharing). This study measured psychological distress. coping styles, optimism, selected personality features, and perception of family environment among 73 U.S. military veterans who were candidates for liver transplantation. Candidates with positive histories of substance abuse revealed significantly more distress, less adaptive coping styles, and more character pathology than their counterparts. The only significant difference according to UNOS listing was on one measure of family environment. Results support preoperative psychological assessment and intervention on a more extensive level for substance abusers and raise questions for future research. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Stilley, CS (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, 460 Victoria bldg,3500 Victoria St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9762 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Clin. Psychol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 55 IS 10 BP 1287 EP 1297 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199910)55:10<1287::AID-JCLP9>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 240ZW UT WOS:000082857500009 PM 11045777 ER PT J AU Tollefson, GD Dellva, MA Mattler, CA Kane, JM Wirshing, DA Kinon, BJ AF Tollefson, GD Dellva, MA Mattler, CA Kane, JM Wirshing, DA Kinon, BJ CA Collaborative Crossover Study Grp TI Controlled, double-blind investigation of the clozapine discontinuation symptoms with conversion to either olanzapine or placebo SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS; DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; WITHDRAWAL; RISPERIDONE; PSYCHOSIS; RELAPSE; SEROTONIN; SUPERSENSITIVITY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; NEUROLEPTICS AB The abrupt appearance of clozapine discontinuation symptoms represents a particularly unique situation that has not been characterized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A randomized, double-blind comparison of placebo (N = 53) and olanzapine 10 mg (N = 53) for 3 to 5 days following the abrupt discontinuation of clozapine (less than or equal to 300 mg/day) was carried out. Subjects were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression Scale of Severity, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Mini-Mental State Evaluation. Subsequently both groups received open-label olanzapine (10-25 mg/day) for an additional 9 weeks. Statistically significantly more placebo-treated (24.5%) than olanzapine-treated (7.5%) patients experienced clozapine discontinuation symptoms (p = 0.017). Core symptoms included delusions, hallucinations, hostility, and paranoid reaction and translated into a significantly higher worsening from baseline on the PANSS total, PANSS General Psychopathology subscale, and MADRS among subjects randomly assigned to receive placebo. After open-label treatment with olanzapine for 9 weeks, both groups were clinically stable, suggesting that the discontinuation symptoms were transient. However, subjects who had been randomly assigned to the 3- to 5-day placebo discontinuation segment achieved somewhat less global clinical improvement. Although a pharmacologic interpretation is speculative, evidence of a clozapine discontinuation syndrome was apparent. In most cases, the direct substitution of a pharmacologically similar agent (olanzapine) prevented the syndrome. Clozapine discontinuation or noncompliance should be considered in the differential assessment of an acutely emergent psychosis. The possibility that subjects who experience a clozapine discontinuation syndrome may take longer or are less likely to clinically restabilize warrants further investigation. C1 Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corp Ctr, Lilly Res Labs, Psychopharmacol Div, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. Long Isl Jewish Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Glen Oaks, NY USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tollefson, GD (reprint author), Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corp Ctr, Lilly Res Labs, Psychopharmacol Div, Drop Code 0538, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. NR 51 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 19 IS 5 BP 435 EP 443 DI 10.1097/00004714-199910000-00007 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 238EP UT WOS:000082698200007 PM 10505585 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, ES Laws, A AF LeBlanc, ES Laws, A TI Benefits and risks of third-generation oral contraceptives SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE contraceptives, oral; desogestrel; thromboembolism; myocardial infarction; cerebrovascular disorders ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; YOUNG-WOMEN; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; NORGESTIMATE; EFFICACY; STROKE; MULTICENTER; THROMBOSIS AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risks and benefits of third-generation oral contraceptives. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was done for English language articles published from 1985 through 1998 relating to the side-effect profile of third-generation oral contraceptives or their association with cardiovascular or thromboembolic disease, All articles containing original data were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: The risk of venous thromboembolism appears to be 1.5- to 2.7-fold greater in users of third-generation, compared with second-generation, oral contraceptives. Compared with nonusers, women who use third-generation oral contraceptives may have a 4.8- to 9.4-fold greater risk of venous thromboembolism. Users of third-generation oral contraceptives do not appear to have an increased risk of myocardial infarction compared with nonusers and may have risk of myocardial infarction of 0.26 to 0.7 compared with second-generation users. Whether third-generation oral contraceptives are associated with a decreased stroke risk is still not clear. CONCLUSIONS: Although third-generation oral contraceptives most likely increase a user's risk of venous thromboembolism, their improved side-effect profile and their possible decreased association with myocardial infarction and stroke may make them a useful new class of oral contraceptives for most women except those at increased risk of venous thrombosis. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Portland, OR USA. RP LeBlanc, ES (reprint author), Stanford Med Grp, 900 Blake Wilbur Dr,W2080, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NR 63 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 14 IS 10 BP 625 EP 632 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.08108.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 248YD UT WOS:000083303600007 PM 10571709 ER PT J AU Ahuja, SS Reddick, RL Sato, N Montalbo, E Kostecki, V Zhao, WG Dolan, MJ Melby, PC Ahuja, SK AF Ahuja, SS Reddick, RL Sato, N Montalbo, E Kostecki, V Zhao, WG Dolan, MJ Melby, PC Ahuja, SK TI Dendritic cell (DC)-based anti-infective strategies: DCs engineered to secrete IL-12 are a potent vaccine in a murine model of an intracellular infection SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-GAMMA-RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IFN-GAMMA; MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTION; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; NAKED DNA; T-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-12; DISEASES AB Infections with intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pose serious health problems worldwide. Effective vaccines for these pathogens are not available. Furthermore, despite optimal therapy, disease progression is often seen with several intracellular infections. For these reasons, we initiated studies to develop novel anti-infective vaccine and treatment strategies that couple the potent Ag-presenting capacity of dendritic cells (DC) with paracrine delivery of potent anti-infective cytokines such as IL-12 to local immune response sites. We tested this strategy in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis, Adoptive transfer of DCs pulsed ex vivo with soluble L. donovani Ags (SLDA) to naive mice induced the Ag-specific production of IFN-gamma, and increased the percentage of activation markers on spleen lymphocytes. SLDA-pulsed DCs engineered by retroviral gene transfer techniques to secrete high levels of biologically active murine IL-12 augmented this immune response further. In several different vaccination and immunotherapy protocols, compared with sham-treated mice, animals receiving SLDA-pulsed DCs either before or following infection had 1-3 log lower parasite burdens, and this protection was associated with a pronounced enhancement in the parasite-specific IFN-gamma response, The augmentation of this protection by IL-12-engineered DCs was striking. First, live parasites were not detected in the liver of mice vaccinated with IL-12-transduced, SLDA-pulsed DCs, Second, this parasitological response was associated with a nearly normal liver histology, In contrast, parasites and granulomas were found in mice vaccinated with SLDA-pulsed, nontransduced DCs. Collectively, these studies provide the rationale for the development of potent DC-based immunotherapies. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Ahuja, SS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43279] NR 55 TC 100 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 7 BP 3890 EP 3897 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 238ZP UT WOS:000082744900043 PM 10490989 ER PT J AU Su, XF Brower, G Janicki, JS Chen, YF Oparil, S Dell'Italia, LJ AF Su, XF Brower, G Janicki, JS Chen, YF Oparil, S Dell'Italia, LJ TI Differential expression of natriuretic peptides and their receptors in volume overload cardiac hypertrophy in the rat SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE natriuretic peptides; hypertrophy; receptors; heart failure ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; CLEARANCE RECEPTOR; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; COMPLEMENTARY-DNA; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; TRANSGENIC MICE; MESSENGER-RNAS; BINDING-SITES; FISTULA RAT AB Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) upregulation are genetic markers for the chronic hypertrophic phenotype but also have important acute physiologic effects on salt and water balance and blood pressure control. The presence of a dual NP-system led us to hypothesize a differential expression of ANP and BNP in response to an acute hemodynamic stress of volume overload in the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV). Accordingly, we examined the temporal relationship between the RV and LV expression of ANP and BNP mRNA and NP receptor mRNA levels on days 1, 2, 3, and 7 after induction of aortocaval fistula in the rat. LV end-diastolic pressure was increased 1.5-fold by day 3 and 2.0-fold by day 7 compared to control (P<0.05). LV weight increased by day 7 compared to control (2.34 +/- 0.04 vs 3.07 +/- 0.10 mg/g, P<0.05) while RV weight did not change over the 7 days. There was a 7-fold increase of ANP mRNA in LV at day 1, which was sustained through day 7, while LV BNP mRNA levels did not differ from controls over the 7 days. In contrast, RV mRNA transcript levels for ANP and BNP were increased >2-fold by day 2 and this increase was sustained throughout 7 days, NP clearance receptor was decreased by 75% by day 7 in the LV but did not change in the RV. Thus, LV ANP mRNA levels increased before the onset of LV hypertrophy and RV BNP mRNA levels increased in the absence of RV hypertrophy. The disparate response of BNP and the NP clearance receptor transcript levels in the LV and RV may be related to differences in load and/or differential expression of the NP system in the LV and RV in response to acute haemodynamic stress. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis,Vasc Biol & Hypertens Program, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr,Univ Stn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Dell'Italia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 834 MCLM,1918 Univ Blvd,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM dell'italia@physiology.uab.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL44195, HL50147, R01 HL54816] NR 43 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1927 EP 1936 DI 10.1006/jmcc.1999.1025 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 241LP UT WOS:000082885000013 PM 10525429 ER PT J AU Aarsland, D Larsen, JP Lim, NG Janvin, C Karlsen, K Tandberg, E Cummings, JL AF Aarsland, D Larsen, JP Lim, NG Janvin, C Karlsen, K Tandberg, E Cummings, JL TI Range of neuropsychiatric disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Parkinson's disease; psychiatric symptoms; neuropsychiatric inventory ID DEPRESSION; ANXIETY; APATHY AB Objectives-Disturbances of cognition and emotion are common in patients with Parkinson's disease. Most previous studies of psychopathology in Parkinson's disease have focused on a single psychiatric diagnosis or condition. The objective of this study was to describe the range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in a representative sample of patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods-The sample of 139 patients was drawn from an epidemiological study of Parkinson's disease in Rogaland county, Norway, and represented 93% of those who had survived during the 4 years since the initial assessment. The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was based on published criteria. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed using the neuropsychiatric inventory, a caregiver based structured interview, which assesses severity and frequency of 10 psychiatric symptoms present during the past month. Results-At least one psychiatric symptom was reported in 61% of the sample. The most common behaviours were depression (38%) and hallucinations (27%), and the least common symptoms were euphoria and disinhibition. The highest mean scores were found for depression, apathy, and hallucinations. Factor analysis showed that hallucinations, delusions, and irritability clustered into one factor, and apathy and anxiety constituted another factor. Psychiatric symptoms were more common among patients living in nursing homes compared with home dwelling patients, and correlated with stage of disease and cognitive impairment, but not with age or duration of disease. No relation to left or right sided parkinsonism was found. Conclusion-This study emphasises the importance of psychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease, which were present in most patients. Clinicians should focus on the emotional and cognitive disturbances in addition to the motor manifestations of the disease. C1 Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, N-4004 Stavanger, Norway. Cent Hosp Rogaland, Dept Neurol, Stavanger, Norway. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Behav Neurosci Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Aarsland, D (reprint author), Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, POB 1163, N-4004 Stavanger, Norway. OI Aarsland, Dag/0000-0001-6314-216X FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 26 TC 329 Z9 340 U1 0 U2 14 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-3050 J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry PD OCT PY 1999 VL 67 IS 4 BP 492 EP 496 DI 10.1136/jnnp.67.4.492 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery GA 238WY UT WOS:000082738800017 PM 10486397 ER PT J AU Rao, VLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ AF Rao, VLR Dogan, A Bowen, KK Dempsey, RJ TI Traumatic injury to rat brain upregulates neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression and L-[H-3]nitroarginine binding SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE mRNA; nitric oxide; neuronal nitric oxide synthase, L-nitroarginine; RT-PCR; traumatic brain injury; Western blotting ID CORTICAL IMPACT INJURY; TRANSIENT FOCAL ISCHEMIA; NITROARGININE BINDING; NMDA RECEPTORS; MUTANT MICE; MITOCHONDRIAL; SYNAPTOSOMES; PHARMACOLOGY; MECHANISMS; INHIBITION AB Overstimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is felt to precipitate the neuronal damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI). NMDA receptor-mediated, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is thought to be mediated via nitric oxide (NO) formed by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), The present study examined the mRNA and protein levels of nNOS in the ipsilateral and contralateral cortex of rats as a function of time (5 minutes to 1 week) after controlled cortical impact (CCI) brain injury, Sham-operated rats served as controls. TBI resulted in a significant increase in the levels of nNOS mRNA (1.5- to 2.8-fold, p <.05) between 2 and 4 hours after the injury, There was also a significant increase in the levels of nNOS protein (by 55% to 90%,p <.05) and binding densities of the nNOS-specific ligand L-[H-3]nitroarginine (L-[H-3]NOARG) (by 35% to 59%,p <.05) between 2 and 12 hours after the injury, Increased nNOS expression and function may contribute to the concomitant excitotoxic neuronal death after TBI. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Dempsey, RJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol Surg, H4-336 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 72 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD OCT PY 1999 VL 16 IS 10 BP 865 EP 877 DI 10.1089/neu.1999.16.865 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 246JD UT WOS:000083159900002 PM 10547096 ER PT J AU Weinblatt, ME Reda, D Henderson, W Giobbie-Hurder, A Williams, D Diani, A Docsa, S AF Weinblatt, ME Reda, D Henderson, W Giobbie-Hurder, A Williams, D Diani, A Docsa, S TI Sulfasalazine treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: A metaanalysis of 15 randomized trials SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfasalazine; rheumatoid arthritis; metaanalysis ID DOUBLE-BLIND; COMPARING SULFASALAZINE; PLACEBO; SULPHASALAZINE; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; PENICILLAMINE; COMBINATION AB Objective. To assess the efficacy and safety of sulfasalazine (SSZ) compared to placebo and other disease modifying drugs. Methods. A metaanalysis was performed on 15 randomized clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that included SSZ (3 g/day average dose, 36 weeks average followup) as a treatment. Eight trials included a placebo group (PL), 2 hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (350 mg/day average dose), 3 D-penicillamine (D-Pen) (667 mg/day average dose), and 3 gold sodium thiomalate or aurothioglucose (GST) (25 mg, 1 g/wk). Results. Compared to PL, SSZ was superior for improvement in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (SSZ 37%, PL 14%; p < 0.0001), morning stiffness duration (SSZ 61%, PL 33%; p = 0.008), pain visual analog scale (SZ 42%, PL 15%; p < 0.0001), articular index (SSZ 46%, PL 20%; p < 0.0001), number of swollen joints (SSZ 51%, PL 26%; p < 0.0001). number of painful joints (SSZ 59%, PL 33%; p = 0.004), and patient global assessment (SSZ 26%, PL 14%; ; p = 0.02). Withdrawals from study because of adverse drug reactions were increased (SSZ 24%, PL 7%; p < 0.0001). but lack of efficacy dropouts were decreased (SSZ 8%, PL 21%; p < 0.0001). Compared to HCQ, SSZ tended to have fewer lack of efficacy dropouts (SSZ 5%, HCQ 15%; p = 0.055) and improved ESR (SSZ 43%, HCQ 26%; p = 0.10) and morning stiffness duration (SSZ 59%, HCQ 40%; p = 0.09). Compared to GST, adverse drug reaction dropouts were significantly fewer (SSZ 12%, GST 29%; p < 0.0001), while withdrawals due to lack of efficacy were greater (SSZ 13%, GST 4%; p = 0.006). More patients tended to complete treatment taking SSZ (SSZ 69%, GST 61%; p = 0.09). Conclusion. Over all, the metaanalysis provides data that support the effectiveness of SSZ as a treatment for RA. C1 Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Cooperat Studies Program, Coordinating Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Pharmacia & Upjohn US Market Co, Med Affairs, Kalamazoo, MI USA. RP Weinblatt, ME (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2123 EP 2130 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 243TY UT WOS:000083014300012 PM 10529127 ER PT J AU Dawson, TM Starkebaum, G AF Dawson, TM Starkebaum, G TI Isolated central nervous system vasculitis associated with hepatitis C infection SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CNS vasculitis; hepatitis C; cerebral vasculitis ID MIXED CRYOGLOBULINEMIA; VIRUS-INFECTION; NEUROPATHY; ANGIITIS; ANTIBODY AB Since its identification in 1989, hepatitis C has been implicated in the pathogenesis of an increasing number of diseases previously believed to be primary or idiopathic. We report 2 rarely seen cases of isolated central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis in patients with hepatitis C infection. Patient 1. A 43-year-old man with 4 day right temporal headache developed a left hemiparesis. Weakness was his only physical finding, Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a large right frontotemporal hemorrhage, and angiography revealed focal dilatations and irregularities of multiple branches of the right middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Cerebral decompression was performed and leptomeningeal biopsies showed granulomatous angiitis. Laboratory results were normal except for elevated liver biochemical tests. Later testing for hepatitis C was positive. His neurological symptoms improved with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. Patient 2. A 39 yr old male developed 3 days of left sided weak ness, slurred speech and difficulty swallowing fluids. Physical findings were limited to his weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right superior pontine subacute infarct with a small left internal capsule lacunar infarct. Angiography revealed multiple areas of focal narrowing with no areas of abrupt vessel cut off. Cerebral spinal fluid showed 71 PMN. 29 RBC, normal glucose, elevated protein (64 mg/dl), no oligoclonal bands, and low myelin basic protein, Other laboratory analyses were normal including liver biochemical tests, However, hepatitis C serology was positive and mixed cryoglobulins were detected, CNS vasculitis was diagnosed and nearly full recovery was achieved with corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide and warfarin. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Med Serv,Dev & Arthrit Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Hlth Serv Res, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Rheumatol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Dawson, TM (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Med Serv,Dev & Arthrit Sect, 1600 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 16 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2273 EP 2276 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 243TY UT WOS:000083014300040 PM 10529155 ER PT J AU Fortinsky, RH Covinsky, KE Palmer, RM Landefeld, CS AF Fortinsky, RH Covinsky, KE Palmer, RM Landefeld, CS TI Effects of functional status changes before and during hospitalization on nursing home admission of older adults SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MEDICAL ILLNESS; LONG-TERM-CARE; OUTCOMES; RISK; INSTITUTIONALIZATION; PLACEMENT; PREDICTORS; MORBIDITY; DECLINE; IMPROVE AB Background. Functional status changes before and during hospitalization may have important effects on outcomes in older adults, but these effects are not well understood. We determined the influence of functional status changes on the risk of nursing home (NH) admission after hospitalization. Methods. Subjects were 551 general medical patients greater than or equal to 70 years old (66% female; mean age = 80 years) admitted from home to a large Midwestern teaching hospital. Functional status change measures were based on patients' need for assistance in five personal activities of daily living (ADL) 2 weeks prior to hospital admission, the day of admission, and the day of discharge. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were included in multivariate models predicting NH admission. Results. Functional status change categories were: stable in function before and during hospitalization (45% of study patients): decline in function before and improvement during hospitalization (26%); stable before and decline during hospitalization (15%): decline before and no improvement during hospitalization (13%). In multivariate analyses, patients in the: decline-no improvement group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46-6.96) and patients in the stable-decline group (OR = 2.77; 95% CI = 1.29-5.96) were at greater risk for NH admission than patients in the stable-stable group. In a multivariate model that controlled for ADL function at hospital discharge, functional status change was no longer statistically significantly associated with NH admission. Conclusions. Discharge function is a key risk factor for NH admission among hospitalized older adults. Because functional status changes before and during hospitalization are key determinants of discharge function, they provide important clues about the potential to modify that risk. Functional recovery during a hospital stay after prior functional decline, and prevention of in-hospital functional decline after prior functional stability, are important targets for clinical intervention to minimize the risk of NH admission. C1 Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Aging, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Div Geriatr, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Geriatr Med Sect, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. RP Fortinsky, RH (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Aging, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1K08AG00714-03, AG-10418-05] NR 26 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 8 U2 10 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 54 IS 10 BP M521 EP M526 DI 10.1093/gerona/54.10.M521 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 331XK UT WOS:000088043800013 PM 10568535 ER PT J AU Eggers, PW Gohdes, D Pugh, J AF Eggers, PW Gohdes, D Pugh, J TI Nontraumatic lower extremity amputations in the Medicare end-stage renal disease population SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE diabetic nephropathy; peripheral vascular disease; leg amputation; ulceration; gangrene ID DIABETES-RELATED AMPUTATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; LIMB AMPUTATION; PIMA-INDIANS; FOOT; PREVENTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; NETHERLANDS; MANAGEMENT; REVASCULARIZATION AB Background Nontraumatic lower limb amputation is a serious complication of both diabetic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. Many people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) suffer from advanced progression of these diseases. This study presents descriptive information on the rate of lower limb amputation among people with ESRD who are covered by the Medicare program. Methods. Using hospital bill data for the years 1991 through 1994 from the Health Care Financing Administration's ESRD program management and medical information system (PMMIS), amputations were based on ICDB coding. These hospitalizations were then linked back to the PMMIS enrollment database for calculation of rates. Results. The rate of lower limb amputation increased during the four-year period from 4.8 per 100 person years in 1991 to 6.2 in 1994. Among persons whose renal failure was attributed to diabetic nephropathy, the rates in 1991 and 1994 were 11.8 and 13.8, respectively. The rate among diabetic persons with ESRD was 10 times as great as among the diabetic population at large. Two thirds died within two years following the first amputation. Conclusions. The ESRD population is at an extremely high risk of lower limb amputation. Coordinated programs to screen for high-risk feet and to provide regular foot care for those at high risk combined with guidelines for treatment and referral of ulceration are needed. C1 HealthCare Financing Adm, Div Hlth Informat & Outcomes, Baltimore, MD USA. Mid S Fdn Med Care, Memphis, TN USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Eggers, PW (reprint author), HealthCare Financing Adm, Div Beneficiary Res, 7500 Secur Blvd,C-3-19-07, Baltimore, MD USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X NR 47 TC 128 Z9 133 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1524 EP 1533 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00668.x PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 237GV UT WOS:000082648200060 PM 10504504 ER PT J AU Nickerson, CAE AF Nickerson, CAE TI Assessing convergent validity of health-state utilities obtained using different scaling methods SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article DE convergent validity; equivalence technique; health-state preferences; health-state utilities; magnitude estimation; person tradeoff; rating scale; scaling; standard gamble; time tradeoff; willingness-to-pay ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; TIME TRADE-OFF; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; PATIENT UTILITIES; STANDARD-GAMBLE; MAGNITUDE ESTIMATION; OUTCOME MEASURES AB A number of empirical studies have attempted to assess the convergent validity of health-state utilities obtained using two or more scaling methods (standard gamble, time tradeoff, rating scale, magnitude estimation, equivalence technique, and willingness-to-pay). The data from these studies can be mapped onto an N x K matrix, where Nand K are the numbers of respondents and health states, respectively, and each matrix cell consists of a pair of health-state utilities, one obtained using scaling method X and the other obtained using scaling method Y. The Pearson's r assessing convergent validity can then be computed as 1) the unraveled correlation over all N x K data pairs, 2) the mean within-respondent correlation, 3) the mean within-health-state correlation, or 4) the correlation of the across-respondents means. These four different ways of computing the correlation do not necessarily yield the same results. The appropriateness of each method of computing the correlation is considered. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr,Sect Gen Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Wharton Sch, Dept Operat & Informat Management, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Nickerson, CAE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, M-C 716,603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD OCT-DEC PY 1999 VL 19 IS 4 BP 487 EP 498 DI 10.1177/0272989X9901900417 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 244MV UT WOS:000083056100017 PM 10520687 ER PT J AU Adler, HT Chinery, R Wu, DY Kussick, SJ Payne, JM Fornace, AJ Tkachuk, DC AF Adler, HT Chinery, R Wu, DY Kussick, SJ Payne, JM Fornace, AJ Tkachuk, DC TI Leukemic HRX fusion proteins inhibit GADD34-induced apoptosis and associate with the GADD34 and hSNF5/INI1 proteins SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; YEAST SWI/SNF COMPLEX; DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE GENE; SWI-SNF COMPLEX; 11Q23 REARRANGEMENTS; MLL GENE; CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS; DROSOPHILA-TRITHORAX; TUMOR PROGRESSION AB One of the most common chromosomal abnormalities in acute leukemia is a reciprocal translocation involving the HRX gene (also called MLL, ALL-1, or HTRX) at chromosomal locus 11q23, resulting in the formation of HRX fusion proteins. Using the yeast two-hybrid system and human cell culture coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we show here that HRX proteins interact directly with the GADD34 protein. We have found that transfected cells overexpressing GADD34 display a significant increase in apoptosis after treatment with ionizing radiation, indicating that GADD34 expression not only correlates with apoptosis but also can enhance apoptosis. The amino-terminal third of the GADD34 protein was necessary for this observed increase in apoptosis. Furthermore, coexpression of three different HRX fusion proteins (HRX-ENL, HRX-AF9, and HRX-ELL) had an anti-apoptotic effect, abrogating GADD34-induced apoptosis. In contrast, expression of wild-type HRX gave rise to an increase in apoptosis. The difference observed here between wild-type HRX and the leukemic HRX fusion proteins suggests that inhibition of GADD34-mediated apoptosis may be important to leukemogenesis, We also show here that GADD34 binds the human SNF5/INI1 protein, a member of the SNF/SWI complex: that can remodel chromatin and activate transcription. These studies demonstrate, for the first time, a gain of function for leukemic HRX fusion proteins compared to wild-type protein. We propose that the role of HRX fusion proteins as negative regulators of post-DNA-damage-induced apoptosis is important to leukemia progression. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NCI, Div Basic Sci, Mol Pharmacol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tkachuk, DC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pathol, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mail Stop 113, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Fornace, Albert/A-7407-2008 OI Fornace, Albert/0000-0001-9695-085X FU NCI NIH HHS [CA73969, CA 68485, P30 CA068485] NR 60 TC 112 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 19 IS 10 BP 7050 EP 7060 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 237MM UT WOS:000082660200056 PM 10490642 ER PT J AU Elangovan, L Felsenfeld, AJ Kleeman, CR AF Elangovan, L Felsenfeld, AJ Kleeman, CR TI Spontaneous resolution and recurrence of hypercalcemia in primary hyperparathyroidism - anecdotal observations with potential implications for parathyroid pathophysiology in renal disease SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE calcium; hypercalcemia; parathyroid hormone; parathyroid infarction; primary hyperparathyroidism ID RADIATION-ASSOCIATED HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HORMONE GENE-EXPRESSION; SPONTANEOUS REMISSION; SPONTANEOUS INFARCTION; ADENOMA; ANGIOGENESIS; THERAPY; CALCIUM; CELLS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nephrol Sect 111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2323 EP 2327 DI 10.1093/ndt/14.10.2323 PG 5 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 243UU UT WOS:000083016300013 PM 10528653 ER PT J AU Hoffbrand, AV Herbert, V AF Hoffbrand, AV Herbert, V TI Nutritional anemias SO SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; IRON-METABOLISM; RISK FACTOR; HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; VASCULAR-DISEASE; MESSENGER-RNA; FOLIC-ACID; FOLATE C1 Royal Free Hosp, Dept Haematol, London NW3 2QG, England. UCL, Sch Med, London W1N 8AA, England. Mt Sinai Hosp, Dept Hematol, Bronx, NY USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. RP Hoffbrand, AV (reprint author), Royal Free Hosp, Dept Haematol, Ponds St, London NW3 2QG, England. NR 67 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0037-1963 J9 SEMIN HEMATOL JI Semin. Hematol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 36 IS 4 SU 7 BP 13 EP 23 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 260QL UT WOS:000083961300003 PM 10595751 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR AF Berenson, JR TI Etiology of multiple myeloma: What's new SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DENDRITIC CELLS; ACTIVATING MUTATIONS; DNA-SEQUENCES; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; GENES; TRANSLOCATIONS; ABNORMALITIES; BREAKPOINTS C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 26 IS 5 SU 13 BP 2 EP 9 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 248VF UT WOS:000083295900002 PM 10528889 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA AF Ubel, PA TI How stable are people's preferences for giving priority to severely ill patients? SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness analysis; allocation; rationing; ethics; survey; attitudes; QALYs ID PERSON TRADE-OFF; HEALTH-CARE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; OREGON; EQUITY AB Background: Previous studies have suggested that people favor allocating resources to severely ill patients even when they benefit less from treatment than do less severely ill patients. This study explores the stability of people's preferences for treating severely ill patients. Methods: This study surveyed prospective jurors in Philadelphia and asked them to decide how they would allocate scarce health care resources between a severely ill group of patients who would improve a little with treatment and moderately ill patients who would improve considerably with treatment. Subjects were randomized to receive one of six questionnaire versions, which altered the wording of the scenarios and altered whether subjects were given an explicit option of dividing resources evenly between the two groups of patients. Results: Four hundred and seventy nine subjects completed surveys. The preference subjects placed on allocating resources to severely ill patients depended on relatively minor wording changes in the scenarios. In addition, when given the explicit option of dividing resources evenly between the two groups of patients, the majority of subjects chose to do so. Conclusion: People's preferences for allocating resources to severely ill patients can be significantly decreased by subtle wording changes in scenarios. However, this study adds to evidence suggesting that many people place priority on allocating resources to severely ill patients, even when they would benefit less from treatment than others. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 30 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 49 IS 7 BP 895 EP 903 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00174-4 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 224JV UT WOS:000081895500004 PM 10468394 ER PT J AU Wu, X Goldsmith, K Okoh, V Garver, RI AF Wu, X Goldsmith, K Okoh, V Garver, RI TI Antineoplastic 'multimodality adenovirus' containing E1A and a therapeutic transgene SO TUMOR TARGETING LA English DT Article DE adenoviridae; gene therapy; E1A ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; IN-VIVO; P53 STATUS; CELLS; GENE; INFECTION; APOPTOSIS; PROTEINS; TRANSFORMATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB A recombinant adenovirus, AdE1A-tk, was constructed with a complete El A transcription unit and a therapeutic transgene (herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase). Both genomic and protein analysis of cells infected with AdE1A-tk demonstrated the presence of the expected coding sequences, and products of those sequences in the absence of any functional E1B. Evidence presented here demonstrated that the E1A-encoding sequences enhanced the expression of the CMV-directed HSVTK and inhibited growth of carcinoma cell lines even in the absence of ganciclovir. Importantly, the E1A also supported limited and preferential replication of AdE1A-tk in a lung cancer cell line compared to primary, non-transformed human respiratory epithelial cells. It is concluded that both the El A and therapeutic transgene within this adenoviral prototype confer antineoplastic effects, and hence are designated 'multimodality adenoviruses'. C1 Birmingham VAMC, Dept Med, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Garver, RI (reprint author), Birmingham VAMC, Dept Med, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, 701 S 19th St LHRB 339, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1351-8488 J9 TUMOR TARGET JI Tumor Target. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 4 IS 3 BP 170 EP 178 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Materials Science; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 278DB UT WOS:000084971700005 ER PT J AU Tigrani, VS Bhargava, V Shinohara, K Presti, JC AF Tigrani, VS Bhargava, V Shinohara, K Presti, JC TI Number of positive systematic sextant biopsies predicts surgical margin status at radical prostatectomy SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; PREOPERATIVE PREDICTION; CANCER; SPECIMENS; EXTENSION; PROGRESSION; CARCINOMA; ANTIGEN; IMPACT AB Objectives. To determine whether the number of positive sextant biopsies contributes to the prediction of positive surgical margins, as the value of systematic prostate biopsies in predicting margin status at radical prostatectomy is unclear. Methods. Consecutive patients (n = 108) who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy and systematic sextant biopsies were retrospectively evaluated. Serum prostate-specific antigen, digital rectal examination, primary Gleason grade, Gleason score, and the number and location of positive sextant biopsies were recorded for each patient. Radical prostatectomy specimens were evaluated by step-section techniques at 3 to 5-mm intervals. Univariate com parisons for each of these variables was performed between the positive and negative margin groups using the Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed for these variables. Results. Twenty-two (20.4%) of 108 patients had a positive surgical margin because of extension of the tumor through the capsule. Patients with three or more positive biopsies were at higher risk of having a positive surgical margin (P = 0.009). Patients with bilaterally positive biopsies at either the base or midprostate were more likely to have a positive surgical margin. The risk of a positive surgical margin was not significantly determined by the primary Gleason grade, Gleason score, or prostate-specific antigen. Multivariate logistic regression models were created that consistently demonstrate that the number of positive biopsies was the best predictor of margin status. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that the number of positive sextant biopsies contributes to the prediction of margin status at radical prostatectomy. UROLOGY 54: 689-693, 1999. (C) 1999, Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Presti, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Urol, 5th Floor,2356 Sutter St, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. NR 20 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD OCT PY 1999 VL 54 IS 4 BP 689 EP 693 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)00211-3 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 239WK UT WOS:000082792700021 PM 10510929 ER PT J AU Glassman, PA Hunter-Hayes, J Nakamura, T AF Glassman, PA Hunter-Hayes, J Nakamura, T TI Pharmaceutical advertising revenue and physician organizations: how much is too much? SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POINTS-OF-VIEW; DRUG COMPANIES; MEDICAL JOURNALS; REPRESENTATIVES; ATTITUDES; INDUSTRY; ISSUES; GIFTS; ADVERTISEMENTS; EDUCATION AB Objective To determine if revenue generated from pharmaceutical advertisements in medical journals creates potential financial conflicts of interest for nonprofit physician organizations that own those journals. Design Convenience sample of six professional medical societies and their respective journals. Calculation of pharmaceutical advertising revenue generated by these journals for their respective professional medical societies, Methods Random selection of each journal for one month per quarter in calendar year 1996 and tabulation per edition of the average number of pharmaceutical advertising pages for each journal. Outcome measures Published advertising rates were used to estimate pharmaceutical advertising revenue for calendar year 1996 and compared with each organization's gross revenue and membership dues and assessments, based on Internal Revenue Service documents for the last available fiscal year (1995). Results Estimated pharmaceutical advertising revenue ranged from $715,000 to $18,630,000. Five organizations raised more than 10% of their gross income (range 2% to 30%) from a single journal's pharmaceutical advertising. Four organizations raised as much or more From pharmaceutical advertising as from members (range 17% to 790%). Conclusions Potential financial conflicts of interest arising from pharmaceutical advertisements in medical journals may be substantial. The impact on professional societies' financial independence and behavior is unknown. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Western Univ Hlth Sci, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Pomona, CA USA. RP Glassman, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, W Los Angeles Campus,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD OCT PY 1999 VL 171 IS 4 BP 234 EP 238 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 253AX UT WOS:000083535400011 PM 10578674 ER PT J AU Esclapez, M Houser, CR AF Esclapez, M Houser, CR TI Up-regulation of GAD65 and GAD67 in remaining hippocampal GABA neurons in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE glutamate decarboxylase; hippocampus; rats; pilocarpine; seizures ID GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; NONRADIOACTIVE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; SPONTANEOUS RECURRENT SEIZURES; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; PILOCARPINE-INDUCED SEIZURES; LESION-INDUCED INCREASES; RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX; DENTATE GYRUS AB In the pilocarpine model of chronic limbic seizures, subpopulations of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-containing neurons within the hilus of the dentate gyrus and stratum oriens of the CA1 hippocampal region are vulnerable to seizure-induced damage. However, many gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons remain in these and other regions of the hippocampal formation. To determine whether long-term changes occur in the main metabolic pathway responsible for GABA synthesis in remaining GABA neurons, the levels of mRNA and protein labeling for the two forms of GAD (GAD65 and GAD67) were studied in pilocarpine-treated animals that had developed spontaneous seizures. Qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of nonradioactive in situ hybridization experiments demonstrated marked increases in the relative amounts of GAD65 and GAD67 mRNAs in remaining hippocampal GABA neurons. In addition, immunohistochemical studies demonstrated parallel increases in the intensity of terminal labeling for both GAD65 and CAD67 isoforms throughout the hippocampal formation. These increases mere most striking for CAD65, the isoform of GAD that is particularly abundant in axon terminals. These findings demonstrate that, in a neuronal network that is capable of generating seizures, both GAD65 and GAD67 are up-regulated at the gene and protein levels in the remaining GABA neurons of the hippocampal formation. This study provides further evidence for the complexity of changes in the GABA system in this model of temporal lobe epilepsy. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Hop Port Royal, INSERM U29, F-75014 Paris, France. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Wadsworth Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Wadsworth Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Houser, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, 73-235 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Esclapez, Monique/O-6509-2016 OI Esclapez, Monique/0000-0002-8558-1363 NR 71 TC 131 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD SEP 27 PY 1999 VL 412 IS 3 BP 488 EP 505 PG 18 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 227TN UT WOS:000082096200008 PM 10441235 ER PT J AU Orloff, SL Yin, Q Corless, CL Loomis, CB Rabkin, JM Wagner, CR AF Orloff, SL Yin, Q Corless, CL Loomis, CB Rabkin, JM Wagner, CR TI A rat small bowel transplant model of chronic rejection: Histopathologic characteristics SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL GRAFT ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; INTESTINAL TRANSPLANTATION; HEART; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; CYCLOSPORINE; MORPHOLOGY; THERAPY AB Background, The major impediment to long-term success in solid organ transplantation is the development of chronic rejection (CR), The vascular lesion of CR, transplant vascular sclerosis (TVS) is characterized by neointimal smooth muscle cell proliferation, and is driven by both immune- and nonimmune-mediated mechanisms. Although the features of chronic heart and kidney allograft rejection have been well characterized, the more immunogenic small bowel allograft has not received similar study. Methods. F344 small bowel (SB) was transplanted heterotopically into Lewis recipients that were treated with low-dose Cyclosporine A for 15 days. Lewis recipients of F344 or Lewis SE grafts without immunosuppression, served as controls. Grafts were assessed histologically when recipients showed clinical signs of rejection or at predetermined time points. The immunological components involved in the chronic rejection process were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results. All SE allografts (100%) developed histologic evidence of CR Cyclosporine A TVS was seen in 36 of the 46 (78%) of these allografts, The median time to develop TVS was 45 days. Immunohistochemical staining of chronically rejected grafts showed infiltration predominantly by CD4(+) cells and macrophages, uniform up-regulation of class II NHC molecule expression, moderate to intense ICAM-1 staining in grafts harvested at postoperative day 45, and uniform neointimal cell staining for smooth muscle cell alpha-actin in the TVS lesions. Conclusions, This F344 to Lewis SB transplant model is a useful model that reproduces significant features of CR The highly immunogenic: nature of the SE allografts allows this model to serve as a stringent test for protocols designed to prevent CR. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP Orloff, SL (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, M-C P8 Liver,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 42 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD SEP 27 PY 1999 VL 68 IS 6 BP 766 EP 779 DI 10.1097/00007890-199909270-00008 PG 14 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 241NH UT WOS:000082889100008 PM 10515376 ER PT J AU Choi, SJ Reddy, SV Devlin, RD Menaa, C Chung, HY Boyce, BF Roodman, GD AF Choi, SJ Reddy, SV Devlin, RD Menaa, C Chung, HY Boyce, BF Roodman, GD TI Identification of human asparaginyl endopeptidase (legumain) as an inhibitor of osteoclast formation and bone resorption SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MARROW CULTURES; NORMAL MICE; CLONING; CELLS; OSTEOPROTEGERIN; INTERLEUKIN-1; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; HEMOGLOBIN; PROTEIN AB We screened a human osteoclast (OCL) cDNA expression library for OCL inhibitory factors and identified a clone that blocked both human and murine OCL formation and bone resorption by more than 60%. This clone was identical to human legumain, a cysteine endopeptidase. Legumain significantly inhibited OCL-like multinucleated cell formation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1,25-(OH)(2)D-3) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in mouse and human bone marrow cultures, and bone resorption in the fetal rat long bone assay in a dose-dependent manner. Legumain was detected in freshly isolated marrow plasma from normal donors and conditioned media from human marrow cultures. Furthermore, treatment of human marrow cultures with an antibody to legumain induced OCL formation to levels that were as high as those induced by 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3. Implantation in nude mice of 293 cells transfected with the legumain cDNA and constitutively expressing high levels of the protein significantly reduced hypercalcemia induced by PTHrP by about 50%, and significantly inhibited the increase in OCL surface and in OCL number expressed per mm(2) bone area and per mm bone surface induced by PTHrP. These results suggest that legumain may be a physiologic local regulator of OCL activity that can negatively modulate OCL formation and activity. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM roodman@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13625]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336, AR44603] NR 23 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 24 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 39 BP 27747 EP 27753 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.39.27747 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 238XB UT WOS:000082739100057 PM 10488118 ER PT J AU Jung, ME Yang, EC Vu, BT Kiankarimi, M Spyrou, E Kaunitz, J AF Jung, ME Yang, EC Vu, BT Kiankarimi, M Spyrou, E Kaunitz, J TI Glycosylation of fluoroquinolones through direct and oxygenated polymethylene linkages as a sugar-mediated active transport system for antimicrobials SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INVITRO ACTIVITY; NALIDIXIC-ACID; ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE SYSTEM; CIPROFLOXACIN; QUINOLONES; TOPOISOMERASES; LOMEFLOXACIN; NORFLOXACIN AB We report herein the synthesis and biological testing of several glycosylated derivatives of some fluoroquinolone antibiotics. In particular, we have prepared several glycosylated derivatives of ciprofloxacin (2) in which the carbohydrate units are linked to the free secondary amine of the piperazine unit by: (a) no linker (e.g., a glycosylamine), (b) a beta-oxyethyl linker, and (c) a gamma-oxypropyl linker. Both glucose and galactose were used as carbohydrates so that six compounds of this type were prepared, e.g., no linker 4a,b, oxyethyl linker 5a,b, and oxypropyl linker 6a,b. In addition the aryl glycosides of glucose and galactose (7a,b) were prepared from the active 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluoroquinolone (3.) The syntheses of the glycosylamines 4a,b involved the direct condensation of glucose and galactose with the hydrochloride salt of ciprofloxacin (2). For the oxyalkyl-linked compounds, we first prepared the peracetylated omega-bromoalkyl glycopyranosides 14a,b and 15a,b and then coupled them to the allyl ester of ciprofloxacin (11) to give, after saponification to remove all of the esters, the desired fluoroquinolone carbohydrates 5a,b and 6a,b. The final series was prepared from 2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl chloride (22) which gave 3 in four precedented steps. Coupling of 3 with the peracetylated glucosyl and galactosyl halides 12a,b and 26 afforded, after saponification, the desired aryl glycosides 7a,b. Six of these derivatives of ciprofloxacin-4a,b, 5a,b, and 6a,b-were subjected to microbiological screening. Of the six, compound 6a showed the highest activity. Since 6a would give the hydroxypropyl-substituted ciprofloxacin on hydrolysis and its activity is similar to 4-8 times less than that of ciprofloxacin (2), this implies that compound 6a is probably being actively transported. Thus preliminary results suggest that some of the compounds are stable in culture conditions and may be differentially transported by multiple resistant organisms. In some cases, the addition of a linker and a carbohydrate to ciprofloxacin lessens, but does not eliminate, antimicrobial activity. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Jung, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 49 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD SEP 23 PY 1999 VL 42 IS 19 BP 3899 EP 3909 DI 10.1021/jm990015b PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 239RJ UT WOS:000082783200014 PM 10508438 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Bouknight, D Miller, OL Rozek, MM Moody, JM Sepeda, JM Sako, EY Garza, L O'Rouke, R AF Kiesz, RS Bouknight, D Miller, OL Rozek, MM Moody, JM Sepeda, JM Sako, EY Garza, L O'Rouke, R TI Multivessel percutaneous coronary interventions versus bypass surgery: Long term results. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 22 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 6A SU S BP 31P EP 31P PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 238PX UT WOS:000082719600075 ER PT J AU Cai, TH Moody, JM Sako, EY AF Cai, TH Moody, JM Sako, EY TI Mitral valve aneurysm due to severe aortic valve regurgitation SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Thorac Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Sako, EY (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Thorac Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD SEP 21 PY 1999 VL 100 IS 12 BP E53 EP E56 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 237CU UT WOS:000082638400001 PM 10491384 ER PT J AU Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Chen, K Shih, JC AF Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Chen, K Shih, JC TI Lack of protection of monoamine oxidase B-deficient mice from age-related spatial learning deficits in the Morris water maze SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE MAO; learning; memory; Morris water maze; aging; mice ID ALZHEIMER-TYPE DEMENTIA; L-DEPRENYL; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SELEGILINE; RATS; BRAIN; AMPHETAMINE; INHIBITION; LONGEVITY AB Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) increases in brain in response to aging and neurodegeneration. Whether such increases represent a risk factor to further neuronal damage or simply represent epiphenomena remains unclear. L-deprenyl, an inhibitor of MAO-B, has been shown to improve learning in aged rodents. However, recent data suggests this may occur through mechanisms independent of its enzymatic inhibition. This study investigates visualspatial learning of MAO-B deficient mice and examines what effects absence of MAO-B has on age-related cognitive decline. Learning was tested in the Morris Water Maze in male transgenic MAO-B knockout mice (KO) ages 2 months (n = 9), 7 months (n = 7), and 17 months (n = 8). Performance was compared to that of wild type (WT) littermates. Animals were given four 60 second trials per day with the submerged platform in the "North" position. Animals received 7 days of learning in which they were introduced into the pool facing the wall, alternating between the "East" and "West" positions. A single probe trial followed on day 8, followed by continuation of the original learning paradigm on days 9 and 10. Subsequently, the platform position was changed to the diagonally opposite quadrant and learning continued on days 11-13, followed by a cue phase in which the platform was made visible. Total distance traveled and latency to the platform was increased in 7- and 17- month old mice, most significantly at the beginning of the acquisition phase. This effect reappeared again in 17- month old mice during the reversal phase. No predominant genotypic differences in latency or distance were observed during any phase of the experiment. Our results show that presence or absence of MAO-B does not appear to alter performance in the Morris water maze. Furthermore, presence or absence of MAO-B does not provide protection from the age-dependent deficits in spatial learning. C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Holschneider, DP (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Toxicol, 1985 Zonal Ave,Rm 512, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K12-AG-00521]; NIMH NIH HHS [K05 MH 00796, R37 MH39085] NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD SEP 17 PY 1999 VL 65 IS 17 BP 1757 EP 1763 DI 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00428-2 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 239KC UT WOS:000082766400005 PM 10576555 ER PT J AU Smith, NL Reiber, GE Psaty, BM Heckbert, SR Siscovick, DS Ritchie, JL Every, NR Koepsell, TD AF Smith, NL Reiber, GE Psaty, BM Heckbert, SR Siscovick, DS Ritchie, JL Every, NR Koepsell, TD TI Trends in the post-hospitalization medical treatment of unstable angina pectoris: 1990 to 1995 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIALS; HEART-DISEASE; BETA-BLOCKER; DOUBLE-BLIND; ASPIRIN; OUTCOMES; PROPRANOLOL; DILTIAZEM; PREVENTION AB This study provides data on post-hospitalization medication treatment trends for unstable angina between 1990 and 1995, We conducted an observational cohort study at the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System (VAPSHCS), Computerized records of hospital discharges and cardiac catheterizations were used to identify unstable angina diagnoses among veterans between 1990 and 1995. Discharge medications issued within 90 days after discharge were ascertained from computerized outpatient pharmacy records, Of the 1,100 veterans discharged with unstable angina, 885 (80%) filled a prescription through the VAPSHCS within 90 days after discharge. Neither use of aspirin nor use of beta blockers increased between 1990 and 1995: overall use averaged 76% for aspirin (78% of those without potential contraindications) and 32% for beta blockers (36% of those without potential contraindications). Use of non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists-primarily diltiazem-decreased from 57% to 40% (p <0.01), whereas use of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists increased from 12% to 26% (p <0.01), Thus, pharmacy records indicated that aspirin use was high although it was,lower than expected, possibly due to ready availability outside the VAPSHCS pharmacy, The low frequency of beta-blocker use and the increasing reliance on dihydropyridine calcium antagonists through 1995 to treat unstable angina may be an opportunity to improve veteran care according to Agency for Health Care Policy Research recommendations. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Serv Cardiol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Smith, NL (reprint author), Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, 1730 Minor Ave,Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 6 BP 632 EP 638 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00407-5 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 235HK UT WOS:000082536100003 PM 10498130 ER PT J AU Mao, CG Saba, JD Obeid, LM AF Mao, CG Saba, JD Obeid, LM TI The dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are important regulators of cell proliferation and heat stress responses SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE sphingolipid metabolism; cell proliferation; sphingosine phosphate phosphatases ID LONG-CHAIN BASES; CERAMIDE; SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE; SPHINGOLIPIDS; IDENTIFICATION; KINASE; GENE; SPHINGANINE; INHIBITION; GROWTH AB We have identified YSR2 and YSR3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as genes encoding dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate phophatases which are involved in regulation of sphingolipid metabolism [Mao, Wadleigh, Jenkins, Hannun and Obeid (1997) J. Biol, Chem. 272, 28690-28694]. In this study, we explored the physiological roles that these enzymes may have in S. cerevisiae, Deletion of either YSR2, YSR3 or both did not affect viability or growth rate of yeast cells. However, overexpression of YSR2 significantly prolonged the doubling time of cell growth, whereas overexpression of YSR3 affected cell growth only slightly. Cell cycle analysis suggested that overexpression of either YSR2 or, to a lesser extent, YSR3 caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, Disruption of YSR2, but not YSR3, conferred increased thermotolerance, On the other hand, overexpression of either YSR2 or YSR3 diminished thermotolerance. Using labelled dihydro-sphingosine and dihydrosphingosine-1-P (DHS-1-P), we found that overexpression of YSR2 significantly increased ceramide formation, whereas deletion of YSR2, YSR3, or both, accumulated DHS-1-P, and deletion of YSR2 decreased ceramide formation. Together, these results show that the phenotypes of YSR2 are associated with changes in endogenous levels of the different sphingolipids. Green fluorescent protein tagging showed that in the exponentially growing cells, YSR2 and YSR3 had the same cellular localization to endoplasmic reticulum. However, YSR2 and YSR3 differ in mRNA levels: YSR2 had significantly higher mRNA levels than YSR3, This discrepancy might result in the functional differences that these proteins exhibited. In addition, this study implicates sphingolipids and their metabolism in the regulation of growth and heat stress responses of the yeast S, cerevisiae. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Hosp, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Div Gen Internal Med, 114 Doughty St,Room 602 STB,POB 250779, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM obeidl@musc.edu OI obeid, lina/0000-0002-0734-0847 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-12467-05] NR 29 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER STREET, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 EI 1470-8728 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 342 BP 667 EP 675 DI 10.1042/0264-6021:3420667 PN 3 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 240VT UT WOS:000082848300022 PM 10477278 ER PT J AU Raskind, MA Peskind, ER Holmes, C Goldstein, DS AF Raskind, MA Peskind, ER Holmes, C Goldstein, DS TI Patterns of cerebrospinal fluid catechols support increased central noradrenergic responsiveness in aging and Alzheimer's disease SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; aging; cerebrospinal fluid; norepinephrine; dihydroxyphenylglycol; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; LOCUS-CERULEUS; RAT-BRAIN; SENILE DEMENTIA; NOREPINEPHRINE KINETICS; SUBTOTAL DESTRUCTION; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS; L-DOPA; PLASMA; NEURONS AB Background: High cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) norepinephrine (NE) concentrations in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) could reflect decreased NE clearance from central nervous system (CNS) extracellular fluid or increased release of NE into CNS extracellular fluid, Measuring CSF concentrations of the intraneuronal NE metabolite dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), an estimate of NE clearance, and the NE precursor dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPA), an estimate of NE biosynthesis, can help differentiate these mechanisms. Methods: NE, DHPG, and DOPA were determined by HPLC in CSF and plasma obtained following yohimbine, clonidine, and placebo. Ten AD, 10 older and II young subjects were studied. Results: CSF DOPA following yohimbine was higher in alder and AD than in young subjects. CSF DHPG did not differ among groups. Plasma DOPA following yohimbine was higher in AD than in young subjects. Conclusions: During alpha-2 adrenoreceptor blockade in bath aging and AD, there are increased responses of CNS NE biosynthesis and release with unchanged CNS NE clearance, This pattern is consistent with partial lass of CNS noradrenergic neurons with compensatory activation of remaining CNS noradrenergic neurons. Given the marked loss of locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic neurons in AD, achievement of high CSF NE suggests particularly prominent compensatory activation of remaining LC neurons in this disorder. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NINDS, Clin Neurosci Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Raskind, MA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, 116,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 50 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 46 IS 6 BP 756 EP 765 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00008-6 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 235ZZ UT WOS:000082574900005 PM 10494443 ER PT J AU Ghosh, PM Moyer, ML Mott, GE Kreisberg, JI AF Ghosh, PM Moyer, ML Mott, GE Kreisberg, JI TI Effect of cyclin E overexpression on lovastatin-induced G1 arrest and RhoA inactivation in NIH3T3 cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE p27(kip1); C3 transferase; morphology; cell cycle; actin stress fibers ID RETINOBLASTOMA GENE-PRODUCT; BINDING PROTEIN-RHO; ACTIN STRESS FIBERS; DEPENDENT KINASES; MAMMALIAN FIBROBLASTS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; INHIBITOR P27(KIP1); SMALL GTPASE(S); CDC42 GTPASES; GROWTH-FACTOR AB The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, lovastatin, blocks targeting of the Rho and Ras families of small GTPases to their active sites by inhibiting protein prenylation. Control NIH3T3 cells, and those overexpressing human cyclin E protein were treated with lovastatin for 24 h to determine the effects of cyclin E overexpression on lovastatin-induced growth arrest and cell rounding. Lovastatin treatment (10 mu M) of control 3T3 cells resulted in growth arrest at G1 accompanied by actin stress fiber disassembly, cell rounding, and decreased active RhoA from the membranous protein fraction. By contrast, in NIH3T3 cells overexpressing cyclin E, lovastatin did not cause loss of RhoA from the membrane (active) protein fraction, actin stress fiber disassembly, cell rounding or growth arrest within 24 h. Analysis of cell cycle proteins showed that 24 h of lovastatin treatment in the control cells caused an elevation in the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1), inhibition of both cyclin E- and cyclin A-dependent kinase activity, and decreased levels of hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRb). By contrast, lovastatin treatment of the cyclin E overexpressors did not suppress either cyclin E- or cyclin A-dependent kinase activity, nor did it alter the level of maximally phosphorylated pRb, despite increased levels of p27(kip1). However, by 72 h, the cyclin E overexpressors rounded up but remained attached to the substratum, indicating a delayed response to lovastatin. In contrast with lovastatin, inactivation of membrane-bound Rho proteins (i.e., GTP-bound RhoA, RhoB, RhoC) with botulinum C3 transferase caused cell rounding and G1 growth arrest in both cell types but did not inhibit cyclin E-dependent histone kinase activity in the cyclin E overexpressors. In addition, 24 h of cycloheximide treatment caused depletion of RhoA from the membrane (active) fraction in neo cells, but in the cells overexpressing cyclin E, RhoA remained in the active (membrane-associated) fraction. Our observations suggest that (1) RhoA activation occurs downstream of cyclin E-dependent kinase activation, and (2) overexpression of cyclin E decreased the turnover rate of active RhoA. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Branch, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Kreisberg, JI (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 57 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 4 BP 532 EP 543 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 223JD UT WOS:000081837200003 PM 10440923 ER PT J AU Sippel, JM Giraud, GD Holden, WE AF Sippel, JM Giraud, GD Holden, WE TI Nasal administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME induces daytime somnolence SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE nitric oxide; L-name; NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nasal; nose; sleep; multiple sleep latency test ID MUCOSA AB In preliminary studies, human subjects complained of drowsiness after aerosolization of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) into the nasal passages. We compared the effects of a nasal aerosol of L-NAME (0.5 M, 4 ml) to those of saline on sleep onset latency and exhaled nasal nitric oxide(NO). L-NAME decreased sleep onset latency and exhaled nasal NO. Vasoconstriction and local effects of L-NAME on NO synthesis are unlikely to explain this effect since oxymetazoline, a vasoconstrictor, decreased exhaled NO but had no effect on sleep onset latency. We conclude that aerosolization of L-NAME to the nasal passages induces daytime sleepiness. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Holden, WE (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, 3710 SW US Vet Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOC PI ROCHESTER PA 6301 BANDEL RD, STE 101, ROCHESTER, MN 55901 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 22 IS 6 BP 786 EP 788 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237QN UT WOS:000082667700009 PM 10505824 ER PT J AU Arita, S Smith, CV Nagai, T Sakamoto, Y Ochiai, M Maruyama, M Tanabe, Y Shevlin, L Mullen, Y AF Arita, S Smith, CV Nagai, T Sakamoto, Y Ochiai, M Maruyama, M Tanabe, Y Shevlin, L Mullen, Y TI Improved human islet isolation by a tube method for collagenase infusion SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PANCREATIC-ISLETS; TRANSPLANTATION AB Background. Collagenase infusion into the pancreatic duct is an essential step in human islet isolation. We developed a new method for ductal canulation and collagenese infusion. Methods. A total of 53 pancreata were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=23), the new tube method, and group 2 (n=30), the standard angiocatheter method. In group I, a polyethylene tube was inserted into the duct and pushed to the tail. The tail was first expanded, followed by expansion of the body and then the head, by pulling out the tube, Results. Total islet number and number/g pancreas (mean+/-SE) were significantly higher in group 1 (481,123+/-43,218 and 8,010+/-722) (mean+/-SE) than in group 2 (300,974+/-35,122 and 5,090+/-515, P<0.01). Total islet equivalent number and islet equivalent number per gram pancreas were also significantly higher in group 1 (319,176+/-39,354 and 5,455+/-652) than in group 2 (202,022+/-23,331 and 3,722+/-468, P<0.04). Islet purity and fragmentation showed no differences between the groups. Conclusions. The tube method improved islet yields. We recommended this method for human islet isolation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Islet Transplant Program, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Islet Transplant Program, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Islet Transplant Program, Dept Surg, Bldg 304,Room E1-206,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD SEP 15 PY 1999 VL 68 IS 5 BP 705 EP 707 DI 10.1097/00007890-199909150-00019 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 242KE UT WOS:000082939200019 PM 10507493 ER PT J AU Pennington, BF Filipek, PA Lefly, D Churchwell, J Kennedy, DN Simon, JH Filley, CM Galaburda, A Alarcon, M DeFries, JC AF Pennington, BF Filipek, PA Lefly, D Churchwell, J Kennedy, DN Simon, JH Filley, CM Galaburda, A Alarcon, M DeFries, JC TI Brain morphometry in reading-disabled twins SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE dyslexia; reading disability; brain morphometry; structural MRI ID CORPUS-CALLOSUM MORPHOLOGY; DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA; PLANUM-TEMPORALE; MRI; CHILDREN; HYPERACTIVITY; INTELLIGENCE; CHROMOSOME-6; ABILITIES; DISORDER AB Objective: To test for brain structure differences in reading disability (RD) by means of MRI-based morphometry. Background: Consensus is lacking on the brain structural correlates of RD. The current study reports on a wider set of structures in the largest sample yet studied, controlling for age, gender, IQ, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Methods: A case-control study was performed that was comprised of 75 individuals with RD (mean age, 17.43 +/- 4.29 years) and 22 control subjects without RD (mean age, 18.69 +/- 3.75 years), each a single member of a twin pair. The two groups were similar in age, gender, and handedness, but differed in full-scale IQ (FSIQ), with the RD group having a lower mean FSIQ (101.8 +/- 9.9 versus 118.3 +/- 10.3). Using three group-by-structure analyses of covariance, groups were compared in terms of volume tin cubic centimeters) of major neocortical subdivisions, subcortical structures, and midsagittal areas tin square millimeters) of three subdivisions of the corpus callosum. Results: Controlling for age, gender, and IQ, the authors found a significant group-by-structure interaction for the major neocortical subdivisions (p = 0.002), reflecting a different developmental pattern in the RD group, with the insula and anterior superior neocortex being smaller and the retrocallosal cortex being larger in the RD group. In contrast, they found no group main or interaction effects for the subcortical or callosal structures. The pattern of results was essentially the same in subjects without ADHD. Conclusions: Most brain structures do not differ in size in RD, but cortical development is altered subtly. This study replicates in a larger sample previous findings of insular differences in RD and demonstrates further that those differences are not attributable to comorbid ADHD. C1 Univ Denver, Denver, CO 80208 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Univ Denver, 2155 S Race St, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RI Kennedy, David/H-3627-2012 FU NICHD NIH HHS [P30 HD04024, P50 HD27802]; NIMH NIH HHS [K02 MH00419] NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0028-3878 EI 1526-632X J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP 11 PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 723 EP 729 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 235BF UT WOS:000082518300012 PM 10489032 ER PT J AU Yasuda, M Kawamata, T Komure, O Kuno, S D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Kawai, J Tanimukai, S Yamamoto, Y Hasegawa, H Sasahara, M Hazama, F Schellenberg, GD Tanaka, C AF Yasuda, M Kawamata, T Komure, O Kuno, S D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Kawai, J Tanimukai, S Yamamoto, Y Hasegawa, H Sasahara, M Hazama, F Schellenberg, GD Tanaka, C TI A mutation in the microtubule-associated protein tau in pallido-nigroluysian degeneration SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE mutation; microtubule-associated protein tau; pallido-nigro-luysian degeneration ID PONTO-NIGRAL DEGENERATION; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; GENE; CHROMOSOME-17; PARKINSONISM; MISSENSE AB We detected a missense mutation in exon 10 of tau that causes a substitution at codon 279 (N279K)in a Japanese patient with a familial background of parkinsonism and dementia originally described as pallido-nigro-luysian degeneration. This mutation is the same as one seen in a Caucasian family with pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration. The similarities between these two families suggest a common genetic mechanism that may account for the peculiar distribution of neuroglial degeneration with tauopathy. C1 Hyogo Inst Aging Brain & Cognit Disorders, Himeji, Hyogo 6700981, Japan. Natl Utano Hosp, Dept Neurol, Kyoto, Japan. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Ctr Res Educ Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Shiga Univ Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Otsu, Shiga 52021, Japan. RP Yasuda, M (reprint author), Hyogo Inst Aging Brain & Cognit Disorders, 520 Siasho-ko, Himeji, Hyogo 6700981, Japan. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG1176-03] NR 10 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP 11 PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 864 EP 868 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 235BF UT WOS:000082518300037 PM 10489057 ER PT J AU Hagopian, K AF Hagopian, K TI Preparative electrophoretic method for the purification of a hydrophobic membrane protein: Subunit c of the mitochondrial ATP synthase from rat liver SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE mitochondria; ATPase; subunit c purification; preparative electrophoresis; FPLC ID CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; BATTEN-DISEASE; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; DETERGENT; STORAGE; DICYCLOHEXYLCARBODIIMIDE; LIPOPIGMENT; MECHANISM AB A method is described for the purification of subunit c of ATP synthase from rat liver mitochondria. After sample preparation and solvent extraction, the protein was purified to homogeneity by a single-step preparative electrophoretic procedure, using aqueous buffer and containing lithium dodecyl sulfate. The subunit is an extremely hydrophobic and insoluble protein and all solubilization attempts, using a variety of detergents, were unsuccessful except for lithium dodecyl sulfate. Buffer exchange and FPLC gel filtration removed the detergent from the purified sample, leaving the protein in a soluble form. The mammalian protein is composed of 75 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of 7602 Da and is classified as a proteolipid. Subunit c accounts for 25 and 85% of the intralysosomal accumulation, within neurons, of storage material in juvenile and late-infantile forms of Batten's disease, respectively. This purification procedure allows access to a continuous supply of pure subunit c from a conventional source such as rat liver and preserves precious autopsy materials. The protein could be used as substrate in future proteolytic studies involving pepstatin-insensitive lysosomal proteases and for raising of more specific antibodies. The procedure could also be adapted/modified and used as a model for purifying other extremely insoluble proteins. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Inst Neurol, Dept Neurochem, London WC1N 3BG, England. RP Hagopian, K (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC-D5,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM khagopian@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 36 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD SEP 10 PY 1999 VL 273 IS 2 BP 240 EP 251 DI 10.1006/abio.1999.4219 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 238MA UT WOS:000082713000013 PM 10469495 ER PT J AU Weiss, T Miltner, WHR Adler, T Bruckner, L Taub, E AF Weiss, T Miltner, WHR Adler, T Bruckner, L Taub, E TI Decrease in phantom limb pain associated with prosthesis-induced increased use of an amputation stump in humans SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE phantom limb pain; amputation; Sauerbruch prosthesis; cosmetic prosthesis; increased use; cortical reorganization; treatment ID INDUCED MOVEMENT THERAPY; CORTICAL REORGANIZATION; DEAFFERENTATION; MONKEYS; PLASTICITY; CORTEX; STROKE AB The experience of phantom limb pain, non-painful phantom limb sensation and telescoping was ascertained by questionnaire in a group of upper extremity amputees wearing a functionally effective Sauerbruch prosthesis which permits extensive use of the affected limb and in a group of patients wearing a cosmetic prosthesis that did little to increase the utilization of the amputation stump. The Sauerbruch prosthesis group exhibited a significant and large decrease in amount of phantom limb pain while the cosmetic prosthesis group showed no change. Neither group experienced a decrease in non-painful phantom limb sensation or telescoping. The amount of phantom limb pain has been found to be highly correlated with the amount of injury-related, afferent-decrease cortical reorganization. It is possible that the increased use of the amputation stump induced by wearing a Sauerbruch prosthesis produced a countervailing use-dependent, afferent-increase type of cortical reorganization that reversed the phantom limb pain. These preliminary results require replication. Their therapeutic implications are discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Jena, Dept Biol & Clin Physiol, Inst Psychol, D-07743 Jena, Germany. Moritz Klin Bad Klosterlausnitz, Dept Orthoped, D-07639 Bad Klosterlausnitz, Germany. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. BIrmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Miltner, WHR (reprint author), Univ Jena, Dept Biol & Clin Physiol, Inst Psychol, Steiger 3,Haus 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany. NR 19 TC 66 Z9 73 U1 5 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD SEP 10 PY 1999 VL 272 IS 2 BP 131 EP 134 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00595-9 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 238CQ UT WOS:000082693700015 PM 10507559 ER PT J AU Sun, L Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Corisdeo, S Anandatheerthavarada, HK Biswas, G Arakawa, T Hakeda, Y Koval, A Sodam, B Bevis, PJR Moser, AJ Lai, FA Epstein, S Troen, BR Kumegawa, M Zaidi, M AF Sun, L Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Corisdeo, S Anandatheerthavarada, HK Biswas, G Arakawa, T Hakeda, Y Koval, A Sodam, B Bevis, PJR Moser, AJ Lai, FA Epstein, S Troen, BR Kumegawa, M Zaidi, M TI CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase: A new role in the regulation of osteoclastic bone resorption SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ca2+ channel; ryanodine receptor; bone resorption; cADPr; osteoporosis ID CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE; TRANSMEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN CD38; ISOLATED RABBIT OSTEOCLASTS; EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; MATURE OSTEOCLASTS; RECEPTOR; CELLS; RAT; ACTIVATION; CA2+ AB The multifunctional ADP-ribosyl cyclase, CD38, catalyzes the cyclization of NAD(+) to cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPr). The latter gates Ca2+ release through microsomal membrane-resident ryanodine receptors (RyRs). We first cloned and sequenced full-length CD38 cDNA from a rabbit osteoclast cDNA library. The predicted amino acid sequence displayed 59, 59, and 50% similarity, respectively, to the mouse, rat, and human CD38. In situ RT-PCR revealed intense cytoplasmic staining of osteoclasts. confirming CD38 mRNA expression. Both confocal microscopy and Western blotting confirmed the plasma membrane localization of the CB38 protein. The ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of osteoclastic CD38 was next demonstrated by its ability to cyclize the NAD(+) surrogate, NGD(+), to its fluorescent derivative cGDP-ribose. We then examined the effects of CD38 on osteoclast function. CD38 activation by an agonist antibody (A10) in the presence of substrate (NAD(+)) triggered a cytosolic Ca2+ signal. Both ryanodine receptor modulators, ryanodine, and caffeine, markedly attenuated this cytosolic Ca2+ change. Furthermore, the anti-CD38 agonist antibody expectedly inhibited bone resorption in the pit assay and elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion. IL-6, in turn, enhanced CD38 mRNA expression. Taken together, the results provide compelling evidence for a new role for CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase in the control of bone resorption, most likely exerted via cADPr. C1 Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Med, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Lankanau Med Res Ctr, Merion, PA 19066 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Cardiff, Dept Med, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Box 1055,1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG14702-01] NR 55 TC 51 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD SEP 6 PY 1999 VL 146 IS 5 BP 1161 EP 1171 DI 10.1083/jcb.146.5.1161 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 234FV UT WOS:000082474600021 PM 10477767 ER PT J AU Magnusson, AR Hedges, JR Harper, RJ Greaves, P AF Magnusson, AR Hedges, JR Harper, RJ Greaves, P TI First-postgraduate-year resident clinical time use on three specialty rotations SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE graduate medical education; resident; training; clinical practice; time study; emergency medicine; internal medicine; surgery ID INTERNAL-MEDICINE; SPEND; WORK; CALL AB Objective: To compare in-hospital time uses by first-postgraduate-year (PGY1) residents during rotations in emergency medicine (EM), internal medicine (IM), and surgery (S). This article reports the clinical components of residency time use. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study of the clinical activities of EM PGY1 residents was performed while the residents were on duty during the three specialty rotations. The activities were recorded by an observer using a log with predetermined categories for clinical activities. A time-blocked, convenience sample of resident shifts was observed for each service rotation. The sample was proportional to the total number of hours for which a PGY1 resident was expected to be in the hospital during a rotation on that service. No attempt was made to sample the same resident at all time periods or on all rotations. Proportions were compared by chi(2); alpha = 0.0001. Results: Twelve PGY1 residents were observed for a total of 166 hours on S, 156 hours on IM, and 120 hours on EM. These hourly amounts were representative of a typical two-week. span of service on each rotation for the residents. On average, the residents spent 57% of their time on clinical or service-oriented activities. During EM and IM rotations, the residents spent most of their time performing clinical information gathering and engaging in case management and data synthesis (52% of total clinical effort). Within this category, residents on EM were more involved with case discussion and review of ancillary test results than on IM (34% vs 20% of time in this category). Conversely, proportionately less time in this category was devoted to documentation on the EM vs IM rotation (56% vs 80%; p < 0.0001). The greatest opportunity to perform procedures was on the S rotation (31% of total clinical time vs 6% for other specialties; p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Awareness of the clinical activities performed on PGY1 rotations can help residency directors anticipate educational needs to balance their residents' experience. Since 29% and 42% of total clinical time on PGY1 EM and IM rotations, respectively, is focused on documentation, efforts to enhance charting skills and efficiency are warranted. Also, efforts to enhance PGY1 procedural experience outside of the S rotation appear warranted. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Emergency Care Unit, Portland, OR USA. Univ Utah, Dept Anesthesiol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Hedges, JR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,MP-52, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 6 IS 9 BP 939 EP 946 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb01245.x PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 233VD UT WOS:000082447200015 PM 10490258 ER PT J AU Borrego, MJ Martin-Malo, A Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Aljama, P Felsenfeld, AJ AF Borrego, MJ Martin-Malo, A Almaden, Y Rodriguez, M Aljama, P Felsenfeld, AJ TI Effect of calcitriol and age on recovery from hypocalcemia in hemodialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE age; calcitriol; hemodialysis; hypocalcemia; hysteresis; parathyroid hormone (PTH) ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; BONE-DISEASE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; IONIZED CALCIUM; ADYNAMIC BONE; NORMAL HUMANS; SET-POINT; HYSTERESIS AB Calcitriol is used to treat hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Calcitriol treatment, either through a reduction in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels or direct effect on bone, decreases the osteoblast and osteoclast surface and bone formation rate. Our study of 13 hemodialysis patients was designed to evaluate whether calcitriol treatment changed the rate of spontaneous recovery from hypocalcemia induced by a low-calcium dialysis. Calcitriol treatment decreased basal PM levels from 614 +/- 84 to 327 +/- 102 pg/mL (P < 0.001) and maximal PTH levels from 1,282 +/- 157 to 789 +/- 161 pg/mL (P < 0.001), but the rate of serum ionized calcium recovery from hypocalcemia did not change. When the 13 patients were separated based on the median age of 64 years, the predialysis serum ionized calcium revel was less in the younger (group I, 44 +/- 6 years; n = 6) than older (group II, 68 +/- 1 years; n = 7) patients (1.05 +/- 0.03 v 1.22 +/- 0.03 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.01) despite similar basal (group I, 595 +/- 122 pg/mL v group II, 629 +/- 96 pg/mL) and maximal (group I, 1,114 +/- 299 pg/mL v group II, 1,425 +/- 141 pg/mL) PTH levels. Before calcitriol treatment, the rate of serum ionized calcium recovery from induced hypocalcemia was greater (P < 0.05) for similar PM levels in the older than younger patients. After calcitriol treatment, despite a similar reduction in PTH levels, the rate of calcium recovery increased (P < 0.05) in the younger patients but did not change in the older patients. We also observed that toward the end of the low-calcium hemodialysis, PTH values decreased even though serum ionized calcium level continued to decline when the rate of calcium reduction slowed. In addition, hysteresis, defined as a lower PTH value during the recovery from hypocalcemia than during the induction of hypocalcemia for the same serum calcium concentration, was present during the spontaneous recovery from hypocalcemia. In conclusion, in the hemodialysis patient: (1) age appeared to affect the bone response to PTH and calcitriol treatment, (2) the PTH response to hypocalcemia was affected by a deceleration in the rate of calcium decrease, and (3) hysteresis of the PTH response to hypocalcemia occurred during the spontaneous recovery from hypocalcemia. (C) 1999 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Hosp Reina Sofia, Unit Invest, Cordoba 14004, Spain. Hosp Reina Sofia, Dept Nephrol, Cordoba 14004, Spain. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Rodriguez, M (reprint author), Hosp Reina Sofia, Unit Invest, Avada Menendez Pidal S-N, Cordoba 14004, Spain. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 34 IS 3 BP 456 EP 463 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70072-7 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 266ZG UT WOS:000084329700007 PM 10469855 ER PT J AU Richards, TL Dager Sr Corina, D Serafini, S Heide, AC Steury, K Strauss, W Hayes, CE Abbott, RD Craft, S Shaw, D Posse, S Berninger, VW AF Richards, TL Dager, SR Corina, D Serafini, S Heide, AC Steury, K Strauss, W Hayes, CE Abbott, RD Craft, S Shaw, D Posse, S Berninger, VW TI Dyslexic children have abnormal brain lactate response to reading-related language tasks SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Meeting of the Cognitive-Neuroscience-Society CY APR 05-07, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Cognit Neurosci Soc ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM; WORD RECOGNITION; ACTIVATION; CHROMOSOME-6; DISABILITY; COMPONENTS; PERFUSION; CORTEX AB BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Children with dyslexia have difficulty learning to recognize written words owing to subtle deficits in oral language related to processing sounds and accessing words automatically. The purpose of this study was to compare regional changes in brain lactate between dyslexic children and control subjects during oral language activation. METHODS: Brain lactate metabolism was measured during four different cognitive tasks (three language tasks and one nonlanguage task) in six dyslexic boys and in seven control subjects (age- and IQ-matched right-handed boys who are good readers) using a fast MR spectroscopic imaging technique called proton echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (1-cm(3) voxel resolution). The area under the N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and lactate peaks was measured to calculate the lactate/NAA ratio in each voxel. RESULTS: Dyslexic boys showed a greater area of brain lactate elevation (2.33 +/- SE 0.843 voxels) as compared with the control group (0.57 +/- SE 0.30 voxels) during a phonological task in the left anterior quadrant. No significant differences were observed in the nonlanguage tasks. CONCLUSION: Dyslexic and control children differ in brain lactate metabolism when performing language tasks, but do not differ in nonlanguage auditory tasks. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Coll Educ, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Med, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Richards, TL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [P50 HD33812] NR 37 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1393 EP 1398 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 243NB UT WOS:000083003200006 PM 10512218 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Shimada, SD Lawrence, BM AF Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Shimada, SD Lawrence, BM TI Glenohumeral joint kinematics and kinetics for three coordinate system representations during wheelchair propulsion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE wheelchair; spinal cord injury; three-dimensional kinematics; inverse dynamics; repetitive strain injury ID BIOMECHANICS; FORCES AB The shoulder plays a very important role during manual wheelchair propulsion. Unfortunately, substantial numbers of manual wheelchair users eventually develop shoulder injury or pain. Recently, studies have begun to investigate the etiology of wheelchair user shoulder injuries. This study compared three coordinate systems used to represent the shoulder during wheelchair propulsion. Our results show statistically significant differences between the three shoulder representations analyzed. Differences are seen for individuals and for the subjects as a group. Based upon our results, the fixed-z model appears preferable over the other representations due to its simplicity, low hardware requirements, and the similarity of the results to the free representation. This article also provides some insight into maximal shoulder joint forces and moments recorded during manual wheelchair propulsion. Future work should include more sophisticated models of the shoulder complex. C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Hlth & Phys Educ, Biomech Lab, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 29 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 78 IS 5 BP 435 EP 446 DI 10.1097/00002060-199909000-00006 PG 12 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 235RK UT WOS:000082556200005 PM 10493454 ER PT J AU Yang, H Kawakubo, K Tache, Y AF Yang, H Kawakubo, K Tache, Y TI Intracisternal PYY increases gastric mucosal resistance: role of cholinergic, CGRP, and NO pathways SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor antisense oligodeoxy-nucleotides; prostaglandins; ethanol; calcitonin gene-related peptide-(8-37); RX-77368; gastric lesions; peptide YY; nitric oxide ID DORSAL VAGAL COMPLEX; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; PEPTIDE-YY; ACID SECRETION; NITRIC-OXIDE; HORMONE RECEPTOR; RATS; ETHANOL; DAMAGE; STIMULATION AB The influence of intracisternal injection of peptide YY (PYY) on gastric lesions induced by ethanol was studied in urethan-anesthetized rats. Gastric lesions covered 15-22% of the corpus as monitored Ih after intragastric administration of 45% ethanol (5 ml/kg) in intracisternal vehicle control groups. PYY, at doses of 23, 47, or 117 pmol 30 min before ethanol, decreased gastric lesions by 27%, 63%, and 59%, respectively. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide pretreatment (intracisternally, 48 and 24 h before intracisternal PW) did not influence the gastroprotective effect of intracisternal PYY (47 pmol) but abolished that of intracisternal TRH analog RX-77368 (4 pmol). RX-77368 (2.6 pmol) and PW (6 pmol) were ineffective when injected intracisternally alone but reduced ethanol lesions by 44% when injected simultaneously. Atropine (subcutaneously), the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist CGRP-(8-37) (intravenously), or the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, intravenously) completely abolished the gastroprotective effect of intracisternal PW (47 pmol), whereas indomethacin (intraperitoneally) had no effect. The L-NAME action was reversed by L-arginine but not by D-arginine (intravenously). These results suggest that intracisternal PYY acts independently of medullary TRH to decrease ethanol-induced gastric lesions. The PYY action involves vagal cholinergic-mediated CGRP/NO protective mechanisms. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE DDRC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE DDRC, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM hoyang@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50255, DK-30110, DK-41301] NR 43 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 277 IS 3 BP G555 EP G562 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 233BF UT WOS:000082405100009 PM 10484380 ER PT J AU Naidu, PS Velarde, V Kappler, CS Young, RC Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA AF Naidu, PS Velarde, V Kappler, CS Young, RC Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA TI Calcium-calmodulin mediates bradykinin-induced MAPK phosphorylation and c-fos induction in vascular cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE B-2-kinin receptor; signal transduction; extracellular regulated kinases ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; SIGNALING CASCADE; TYROSINE KINASE; PROTEIN-KINASES; ANGIOTENSIN-II; NITRIC-OXIDE; ACTIVATION; TRANSCRIPTION AB The vasoactive peptide bradykinin (BK) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of vascular wall abnormalities, but the cellular mechanisms by which BK generates second messengers that alter vascular function are as yet undefined. Exposure of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to BK (10(-7) M) produced a rapid and transient rise in intracellular calcium, which preceded an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). MAPK activation by BK was observed as early as 1 min, peaked at 5 min, and returned to baseline by 20 min. Treatment of cells with the intracellular calcium chelator EGTA-acetoxymethyl ester inhibited BK-stimulated MAPK activation, suggesting that intracellular calcium mobilization contributes to the activation of MAPK. The calmodulin inhibitor W-7 also markedly inhibited BK-induced MAPK phosphorylation in the cytoplasm as well as in the nucleus. Moreover, the BK-induced increase in c-fos mRNA levels was significantly inhibited by the calmodulin inhibitor, indicating that calmodulin is required for BK signaling leading to c-fos induction. These results implicate the calcium-calmodulin pathway in the mechanisms for regulating MAPK activity and the resultant c-fos expression induced by BK in VSMC. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Jaffa, AA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM jaffaa@musc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782, HL-07260]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46543] NR 45 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 277 IS 3 BP H1061 EP H1068 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 231YE UT WOS:000082338300028 PM 10484429 ER PT J AU Wang, LX Cardin, S Martinez, V Tache, Y Lloyd, KCK AF Wang, LX Cardin, S Martinez, V Tache, Y Lloyd, KCK TI Duodenal loading with glucose induces Fos expression in rat brain: selective blockade by devazepide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cholecystokinin; nucleus of the solitary tract; area postrema; satiety; feeding ID PANCREATIC ENDOCRINE FUNCTION; NUCLEUS-TRACTUS-SOLITARIUS; INTESTINAL NUTRIENTS; SENSITIVE NEURONS; CCK ANTAGONIST; AWAKE RATS; CHOLECYSTOKININ; SUPPRESSION; INSULIN; L-364,718 AB The role of CCK in mediating neuronal activity in the brain in response to dietary carbohydrate was measured by detecting Fos immunoreactivity in response to duodenal glucose load in rats after administration of the CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide. In adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats, infusion for 30 min of 545 mg (2.18 kcal) dextrose through a duodenal cannula induced Fos expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), area postrema (AP), lateral division of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeAL), and the external subnucleus of the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBE). Devazepide treatment (1 mg/kg) attenuated Fos expression in the NTS and AP by 81 and 78%, respectively, but not in the CeAL or LPBE. These results indicate that central neuronal activation is elicited by dietary glucose in the intestinal lumen and that activation of neurons in the NTS and AP is mediated by CCK-A receptors. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ,Dept Med & Brain Res Inst, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Lloyd, KCK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, 1321 Haring Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kclloyd@ucdavis.edu RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41303, DK-45752]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 46 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 277 IS 3 BP R667 EP R674 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 231XN UT WOS:000082336800007 PM 10484482 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Marshall, BD Green, MF Mintz, J Marder, SR Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Marshall, BD Green, MF Mintz, J Marder, SR Wirshing, WC TI Risperidone in treatment-refractory schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOTIC-PATIENTS; RATING-SCALE; HALOPERIDOL; CLOZAPINE AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of risperidone compared to haloperidol in patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Method: Sixty-seven medication-unresponsive subjects were randomly assigned to treatment with risperidone (N=34) or haloperidol (N=33), After a 3-7 day-placebo washout period, there was a 4-week, double-blind, fixed-dose comparison trial that was followed by a 4-week, flexible-dose phase. Measures of clinical change were quantified by standard psychopathologic and neuromotor instruments. Results: Risperidone demonstrated clinical efficacy superior to that of haloperidol on the total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) after the first 4 weeks of treatment, Risperidone did not show any advantage over haloperidol after an additional 4 weeks. Overall improvement on the BPRS at 4 weeks was significantly better for the risperidone group (24%) than for the haloperidol group (11%). Risperidone-treated subjects were significantly less likely than haloperidol-treated subjects to require concomitant anticholinergic medication after 4 weeks (20% versus 63%); they also had significantly less observable akathisia (24% versus 53%) and significantly less severe tardive dyskinesia, Baseline characteristics that correlated significantly with risperidone response were positive symptoms, conceptual disorganization, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia. Conclusions: Risperidone was better tolerated and more effective in a subset of patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Positive psychotic symptoms and extrapyramidal side effects at baseline appear to be powerful predictors of subsequent response to risperidone. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Los Posadas Serv Ctr, Camarillo, CA USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 210,Rm 15 B151H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 26 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 156 IS 9 BP 1374 EP 1379 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 232FF UT WOS:000082359700011 PM 10484947 ER PT J AU Khoukaz, G Gross, NJ AF Khoukaz, G Gross, NJ TI Effects of salmeterol on arterial blood cases in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - Comparison with albuterol and ipratropium SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASTHMA AB Administration of P-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators to patients with airways obstruction commonly results in transient decreases in Pa,, levels despite bronchodilation, an effect that has been attributed to these drugs' pulmonary vasodilator action. We compared the acute effects on gas exchange of salmeterol with those of albuterol and the anticholinergic agent ipratropium in 20 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Each agent was given in recommended dosage on separate days in a double-blind, crossover format, and the patients' arterial blood gases (ABGs) were measured at baseline and at intervals to 120 min. Small but statistically significant declines in Pa-O2 the primary outcome variable, were found after administration of both salmeterol and albuterol. The decline in Pa-O2 after salmeterol was of lesser magnitude but was more prolonged than that after albuterol, the greatest mean change being -2.74 +/- 0.89 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM) at 30 min after salmeterol, and -3.45 +/- 0.92 mm Hg at 20 min after albuterol. Following ipratropium, the corresponding change was -1.32 +/- 0.85 mm Hg at 20 min. These declines, which were almost entirely attributable to increases in the alveolar-arterial difference in oxygen tension Delta(A-a)Do(2) tended to be more marked in subjects with higher baseline Pa-O2 values. No subject experienced a decline in Pa-O2 to levels below 59 mm Hg. There were no significant differences among the three drugs studied. We conclude that despite small decreases in Pa-O2 after each of the three drugs, the declines were small, transient, and of doubtful clinical significance. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Gross, NJ (reprint author), POB 1485, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 10 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 160 IS 3 BP 1028 EP 1030 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 236ND UT WOS:000082604700044 PM 10471636 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Smith, MJ Orloff, SL Corless, CL Stenzel, P Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Smith, MJ Orloff, SL Corless, CL Stenzel, P Olyaei, AJ TI Fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with bromfenac use SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE hepatic failure; bromfenac AB OBJECTIVE: To report a case of fulminant hepatic failure associated with the use of bromfenac, a new analog of the phenyl acetate class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. CASE SUMMARY: A 60-year-old white woman with liver failure who had no known history of chronic liver disease was transferred to the liver transplant unit for evaluation. For three months preceding her illness, the patient was treated with bromfenac 25 mg po qid for arthritic pain, Prior to the initiation of bromfenac, her liver function test results were normal. Etiologic evaluation at presentation was unremarkable. The patient's condition continued to deteriorate, with the development of hepatic encephalopathy and worsening Liver function test results while awaiting liver transplantation. Progressive hepatic and renal dysfunction along with respiratory decompensation ensued, and the patient died 48 days after initial presentation. CONCLUSION: Fulminant hepatic failure associated with the prolonged use of bromfenac appears to be an idiosyncratic response consistent with experience with other agents of its class. This case along with other cases of serious hepatotoxicity associated with the use of this agent ultimately resulted in bromfenac's removal from the market. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 9 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 33 IS 9 BP 945 EP 947 DI 10.1345/aph.18364 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 232ZM UT WOS:000082401100011 PM 10492497 ER PT J AU Khuri, SF Daley, J Henderson, W Hur, K Hossain, M Soybel, D Kizer, KW Aust, JB Bell, RH Chong, V Demakis, J Fabri, PJ Gibbs, JO Grover, F Hammermeister, K McDonald, G Passaro, E Phillips, L Scamman, F Spencer, J Stremple, JF AF Khuri, SF Daley, J Henderson, W Hur, K Hossain, M Soybel, D Kizer, KW Aust, JB Bell, RH Chong, V Demakis, J Fabri, PJ Gibbs, JO Grover, F Hammermeister, K McDonald, G Passaro, E Phillips, L Scamman, F Spencer, J Stremple, JF CA VA Natl Surgical Quality Improvement Program TI Relation of surgical volume to outcome in eight common operations - Results from the VA National Surgical Quality Improvement Program SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 119th Annual Meeting of the American-Surgical-Association CY APR 15-17, 1999 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Surg Assoc ID NEW-YORK-STATE; ABDOMINAL AORTIC-ANEURYSMS; HOSPITAL VOLUME; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; POSTOPERATIVE MORTALITY; RISK ADJUSTMENT; SURGERY; CARE; EXPERIENCE AB Objective To examine. in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the relation between surgical volume and outcome in eight commonly performed operations of intermediate complexity. Summary Background Data In multihospital health care systems such as VHA, consideration is often given to closing low-volume surgical services, with the assumption that better surgical outcomes are achieved in hospitals with larger surgical volumes. Literature data to support this assumption in intermediate-complexity operations are either limited or controversial. Methods The VHA National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data on nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy, vascular infrainguinal reconstruction, carotid endarterectomy (CEA), lung lobectomy/pneumonectomy, open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy, partial colectomy, and total hip arthroplasty were used. Pearson correlation, analysis of variance, mixed effects hierarchical logistic regression. and automatic interaction detection analysis were used to assess the association of annual procedure/specialty volume with risk-adjusted 30-day death (and stroke in CEA), Results Eight major surgical procedures (68,631 operations) were analyzed. No statistically significant associations between procedure or specialty volume and 30-day mortality rate (or 30-day stroke rate in CEA) were found. Conclusions In VHA hospitals, the procedure and surgical specialty volume in eight prevalent operations of intermediate complexity are not associated with risk-adjusted 30-day mortality rate from these operations, or with the risk-adjusted 30-day stroke rate from CEA. Volume of surgery in these operations should not be used as a surrogate for quality of surgical care. C1 Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Roxbury, MA 02132 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Boston, MA USA. Hines VA Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ct, Hines, IL USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. VA Puget Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 17, Grand Prairie, TX USA. Tampa VA Med Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Tampa, FL USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Dept Vet Affairs Headquarters, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 11, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Natl Anesthesia Serv, Dept Anesthesia, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Pittsburgh VA Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Khuri, SF (reprint author), Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1400 VFW Pkwy, W Roxbury, MA 02132 USA. NR 41 TC 204 Z9 204 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 230 IS 3 BP 414 EP 429 DI 10.1097/00000658-199909000-00014 PG 16 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 234ZT UT WOS:000082514800027 PM 10493488 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA DiGiovine, CP Rentschler, A Lawrence, BM Boninger, ML AF Cooper, RA DiGiovine, CP Rentschler, A Lawrence, BM Boninger, ML TI Fatigue-life of two manual wheelchair cross-brace designs SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SIMULATIONS; ACCIDENTS AB Objective: To compare the durability of two designs of cross-braces for folding manual wheelchairs and to determine the nature of wheelchair cross-brace failures. Design: Fatigue testing of two folding wheelchair cross-brace designs (one with a rectangular cross-section and the other with a circular cross-section). A total of 20 cross-brace pairs were tested, Results: The cross-braces with a circular cross-section endured a mean +/- SD of 100,159 +/- 45,814 cycles before experiencing a fatigue failure, whereas the cross-braces with a rectangular cross-section endured an average of 261,254 +/- 160,741 cycles. A t test showed significant differences (p = .01) in fatigue-life between cross-braces with a circular cross-section versus cross-braces with a rectangular cross-section. All 20 cross-braces experienced similar fatigue failures that would develop at the bolt hole where the two cross-braces connect to form a hinge. Conclusion: The results suggest that the rectangular cross-brace design has a longer fatigue-life than the circular cross-brace design. People should regularly inspect the cross-brace for cracks. The area around the bolt forming the hinge should be inspected carefully. If a crack is observed, the cross-brace should be replaced immediately. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr Hlth Syst, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RI DiGiovine, Carmen/E-2982-2011 OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 80 IS 9 BP 1078 EP 1081 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90064-3 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 234ZZ UT WOS:000082515400017 PM 10489012 ER PT J AU de Virgilio, C Bui, H Donayre, C Ephraim, L Lewis, RJ Elbassir, M Stabile, BE White, R AF de Virgilio, C Bui, H Donayre, C Ephraim, L Lewis, RJ Elbassir, M Stabile, BE White, R TI Endovascular vs open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair - A comparison of cardiac morbidity and mortality SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID VASCULAR-SURGERY AB Hypothesis: Adverse cardiac event rates following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (EAAA) and open abdominal aortic aneurysm (OAAA) repair are similar. We also hypothesized that the Eagle criteria (Q wave on electrocardiogram, diabetes, angina, congestive heart failure, age >70 years, and ventricular ectopy) are useful predictors of cardiac events in patients undergoing EAAA repair. Design: Prospective (patients undergoing EAAA repair) and retrospective (patients undergoing OAAA repair). Setting: Public teaching and Veterans Affairs medical centers. Patients: Eighty-three EAAA and 63 OAAA repairs. Main Outcome Measurer: Myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and cardiac death. Results: Patients with EAAA were older (73 vs 68 years, P=.003). There were no differences in the mean number of Eagle criteria (1.2 vs 1.3), cardiac event rates (6% vs 4.8%), or mortalities (3.6% vs 4.8%;,). Within the EAAA group, congestive heart failure (P = .005) and Q wave on electrocardiogram (P = .006) were the only predictors of cardiac events. Conclusions: Patients undergoing OAAA and EAAA repair had similar cardiac event rates and mortality. In patients undergoing EAAA repair, history of congestive heart failure and Q wave on electrocardiogram were predictors of cardiac events. C1 Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP de Virgilio, C (reprint author), Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, 1000 W Carson St,Box 25, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. NR 11 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 134 IS 9 BP 947 EP 950 DI 10.1001/archsurg.134.9.947 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 232NR UT WOS:000082377300009 PM 10487588 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR Gerard, HC Arayssi, TK Pando, JA Branigan, PJ Saaibi, DL Hudson, AP AF Schumacher, HR Gerard, HC Arayssi, TK Pando, JA Branigan, PJ Saaibi, DL Hudson, AP TI Lower prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA compared with Chlamydia trachomatis DNA in synovial tissue of arthritis patients SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; FLUID; TWAR AB Objective. To assess the presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in the joints of patients with reactive arthritis (ReA) and other arthritides. Methods. DNA was prepared from synovial tissue (ST) and several synovial fluid (SF) samples from 188 patients with either ReA, undifferentiated oligoarthritis, or other forms of arthritis, and from 24 normal (non-arthritis) individuals. Preparations were screened using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that independently targeted the C pneumoniae 16S ribosomal RNA and major outer membrane protein genes. Results. Twenty-seven of 212 ST samples (12.7%) were PCR positive for C pneumoniae DNA; 10 SF samples from these 27 patients were similarly positive. Among the PCR-positive patients, 3 had ReA, 2 had Reiter's syndrome, 7 had undifferentiated oligoarthritis, 4 had undifferentiated monarthritis, 6 had rheumatoid arthritis, and 5 had other forms of arthritis. No samples from normal control individuals were PCR positive. Conclusion. DNA of C pneumoniae is present in synovial specimens from some arthritis patients. The prevalence of this organism in the joints was lower than that of C trachomatis, and synovial presence of the organism was not associated with any distinct clinical syndrome. Widely disseminated nucleic acids such as those of C pneumoniae might have some role in the pathogenesis of several arthritides, since the organism was not found in the ST from normal control individuals. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OI Arayssi, Thurayya/0000-0003-2469-0272 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 14 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1889 EP 1893 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1889::AID-ANR13>3.0.CO;2-W PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 241YC UT WOS:000082910600013 PM 10513803 ER PT J AU Moser, KL Gray-McGuire, C Kelly, J Asundi, N Yu, H Bruner, GR Mange, M Hogue, R Neas, BR Harley, JB AF Moser, KL Gray-McGuire, C Kelly, J Asundi, N Yu, H Bruner, GR Mange, M Hogue, R Neas, BR Harley, JB TI Confirmation of genetic linkage between human systemic lupus erythematosus and chromosome 1q41 SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID LOCI AB Objective. Genetic susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is undoubtedly complex and, presumably, involves multiple loci. Linkage of SLE to D1S229 at chromosome 1q41 has been previously reported in a cohort of 52 affected sibpairs. The present study sought to confirm this reported linkage in an independent cohort of 127 extended multiplex SLE pedigrees containing 107 affected sibpairs. Methods. Genotype data were collected for D1S229 and 18 flanking microsatellite markers spanning chromosome 1q32-1q42. Analyses of genotype data included a model-based logarithm of odds (LOD) score approach, affected sibpair analyses, and transmission disequilibrium tests. Results. A maximum LOD score of 1.46 was found with D1S229 in a subgroup of 78 European American pedigrees, with additional support from multiple markers clustered around D1S229. Increased allele sharing in affected siblings was most significant at D1S2616, particularly in European Americans (P = 0.0005), followed by D1S229 (P = 0.002), D1S490 (P = 0.028), and D1S1605 (P = 0.037). Although linkage in a subgroup of 40 African American pedigrees was not suggested by the analyses of any marker tested in the chromosomal region surrounding D1S229, a maximum LOD score of 3.03 was found with D1S3462, mapped 15 centimorgans distal to D1S229. Conclusion. Our linkage analysis results in European Americans at D1S229 are remarkably similar to those previously reported. That at least 1 genetic effect near this locus is important for susceptibility to lupus should now be generally accepted, and efforts to identify the gene are thereby justified. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Harley, JB (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-45231, AR-38889, AR-42460] NR 15 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 42 IS 9 BP 1902 EP 1907 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1902::AID-ANR16>3.0.CO;2-G PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 241YC UT WOS:000082910600016 PM 10513806 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ McKay, JR May, DJ AF Cacciola, JS Alterman, AI Rutherford, MJ McKay, JR May, DJ TI Comparability of telephone and in-person structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) diagnoses SO ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE SCID; diagnosis; reliability; telephone interviews; depression ID FACE-TO-FACE; PSYCHIATRIC-DIAGNOSIS; SCHEDULE; AGREEMENT; RELIABILITY; DEPRESSION; STRATEGIES; COMMUNITY; DISORDERS; HISTORY AB The SCID was administered twice, once by telephone and once in person (1 week later) to 41 college age men. For major depression (lifetime kappa = .64, current kappa = .66), results indicated good agreement. The lifetime occurrence estimate based on the telephone SCID diagnosis was lower than the in-person SCID estimate. Kappas for specific diagnoses were calculable for simple phobia (lifetime kappa = .47, current kappa = -.03) and social phobia (lifetime kappa = .29). Base rates were less than 10% for all individual diagnoses except lifetime major depression; therefore, the kappas may be unstable. For all diagnoses where there were any positive cases, percentages of negative agreement and specificity were high, whereas percentages of positive agreement and sensitivity were lower. Overall agreement was fair for specific lifetime diagnoses but poor for current diagnoses. These results suggest caution in assuming comparability of in-person and telephone SCID diagnoses. Circumstances under which a telephone SCID may be useful and ways to improve reliability are discussed. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Cacciola, JS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 24 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT RESOURCES INC PI ODESSA PA PO BOX 998, ODESSA, FL 33556 USA SN 1073-1911 J9 ASSESSMENT JI Assessment PD SEP PY 1999 VL 6 IS 3 BP 235 EP 242 DI 10.1177/107319119900600304 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 237TU UT WOS:000082672800004 PM 10445961 ER PT J AU Harris, JT Eisenstein, EM AF Harris, JT Eisenstein, EM TI Transfer of learned information between ganglia in the insect ventral nerve cord SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cockroach; avoidance learning; memory; transfer of learning; ganglion; coding; learned helplessness; insect; arthropod; invertebrate ID HELPLESSNESS; MODEL AB A yoked control training procedure was used on the decapitated cockroach, L. maderae. The right prothoracic leg was trained to lift in order to avoid a shock. It was found that this information transferred via the two interganglionic connectives from the first or prothoracic ganglion (T1) to the second or mesothoracic ganglion (T2) so that now the right mesothoracic leg lifted to avoid shock even though it was not directly trained. If both connectives were cut before training T1, no transfer to T2 was seen, i.e. the mesothoracic leg did not lift and avoid shock. However, if both connectives were cut immediately after training TI, the information had already transferred and was available for use by T2. There was redundancy in the transfer in that either connective alone could carry the same information from T1 to T2. Either mesothoracic leg could tap into this information. Using a reversible cold block on the connectives, it was found that if it was applied before training T1 it did not interfere with T1 learning but no transfer to T2 was seen after the cold block wore off. That the block was transitory and did not permanently impair the connectives was shown by the fact that if it was applied and then allowed to wear off before training began there was normal learning in T1 and transfer to T2. The transection and cold-block studies were consistent in demonstrating that the transfer of the information was 'on-line' and only occurred during T1 learning. If transfer was blocked during T1 learning the information could not be transferred or tapped into by T2 at a later time even though it was stored in T1 and available for later use by TI. The transfer occurred so quickly it most likely occurred via nerve impulses. Because no primary sensory or motor neurons are in the connectives, the information must have been coded onto interneurones for transfer from the first (T1) to the second (T2) ganglion. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Eisenstein, EM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-4328 J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES JI Behav. Brain Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 103 IS 2 BP 211 EP 217 DI 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00039-X PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242JH UT WOS:000082936400009 PM 10513589 ER PT J AU Freedman, R AF Freedman, R TI Schizophrenia as a neuronal illness SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Freedman, R (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Campus Box C-268-71,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD SEP 1 PY 1999 VL 46 IS 5 BP 587 EP 588 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 230PZ UT WOS:000082260700001 PM 10472412 ER PT J AU Epner, DE Sawa, A Isaacs, JT AF Epner, DE Sawa, A Isaacs, JT TI Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression during apoptosis and proliferation of rat ventral prostate SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article ID AGE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; CEREBELLAR NEURONS; GLYCOLYTIC PROTEIN; ANDROGEN ABLATION; DEATH; CASTRATION; INDUCTION; GLUCOSE; CULTURE AB Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a multifunctional enzyme known to play a critical role in neuronal apoptosis. We undertook the current studies to determine whether GAPDH also plays a role in prostate epithelial cell apoptosis in response to androgen deprivation. To do so, we analyzed GAPDH staining by immunohistochemistry during castration-induced involution and androgen-induced regeneration of rat ventral prostate. We found that GAPDH was undetectable in secretory epithelial cells at baseline and that staining did not increase in the epithelium during the period of peak apoptosis from 1 to 3 days after castration. However, GAPDH levels did increase within nuclei of some basal epithelial cells 5 days after castration and within the cytoplasm of all secretory epithelial cells 7 days after castration. GAPDH was also abundant within the cytoplasm of secretory epithelial cells during the period of maximal cell proliferation from 2 to 3 days after androgen replacement and was clearly apparent within nuclei of some epithelial cells 4 days after androgen replacement. Our studies suggest that GAPDH plays multiple roles during prostate epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation. C1 Va Med Ctr, Med Serv 111H, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. RP Epner, DE (reprint author), Va Med Ctr, Med Serv 111H, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1 R29CA78355-01] NR 26 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 61 IS 3 BP 687 EP 691 DI 10.1095/biolreprod61.3.687 PG 5 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 229JE UT WOS:000082190000019 PM 10456846 ER PT J AU Bover, J Jara, A Trinidad, P Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF Bover, J Jara, A Trinidad, P Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI Dynamics of skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone in the rat: Effect of renal failure and dietary phosphorus SO BONE LA English DT Article DE calcium; parathyroid hormone (PTH); phosphorus; skeletal resistance; uremia ID CALCEMIC RESPONSE; IN-VITRO; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PTH SECRETION; CALCIUM; CALCITRIOL; PHOSPHATE; UREMIA; PATHOGENESIS; HEMODIALYSIS AB Secondary hyperparathyroidism develops in renal failure and is generally ascribed to factors directly affecting parathyroid hormone (PTH) production and/or secretion, These include hypocalcemia, phosphorus retention, and a calcitriol deficiency. However, not often emphasized is that skeletal resistance to PTH is an important factor. Our study evaluated: (1) the relative effects of uremia and dietary phosphorus on the skeletal resistance to PTH; and (2) how, during a PTH infusion, the dynamics of skeletal resistance to PTH were affected by renal failure. Renal failure was surgically induced and, based on serum creatinine, rats were divided into normal, moderate renal failure, and advanced renal failure, In each group, three diets with the same calcium (0.6%) but different phosphorus contents were used: high (1.2%, HPD); moderate (0.6%, MPD); and low (0.2, LPD) phosphorus. The study diet was given for 14-16 days followed by a 48 h infusion of rat PTH(1-34) (0.11 mu g/100 g per hour), a dose five times greater than the normal replacement dose. During the PTH infusion, rats received a calcium-free, low phosphorus (0.2%) diet. In both moderate and advanced renal failure, the PTH level was greatest in the HPD group (p < 0.05) and, despite normal serum calcium values, PTH was greater in the MPD than the LPD group (p < 0.05), Despite phosphorus restriction and normal serum calcium and calcitriol levels in the azotemic LPD groups, the PTH level was greater (p < 0.05) in the LPD group with advanced rather than moderate renal failure. During PTH infusion, the increase in serum calcium was progressively less (p < 0.05) in all groups as renal function declined, Furthermore, despite normal and similar serum phosphorus values at the end of PTH infusion, the serum calcium concentration was less (p < 0.05) in the HPD group than the other two groups and similar in the LPD and MPD groups. In conclusion: (1) uremia and phosphorus each had separate and major effects on skeletal resistance to PTH; (2) skeletal resistance to PTH was an important cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism, even in moderate renal failure; (3) during PTH infusion, the dynamics of skeletal resistance to PTH changed because all groups received a low phosphorus diet, and the adaptation to a new steady state was delayed by the degree of renal failure and the previous dietary phosphorus burden; and (4) normal serum phosphorus may not be indicative of body phosphorus stores during states of disequilibrium. (C) 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Unit Investigat, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Dept Nephrol, Cordoba, Spain. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 28 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD SEP PY 1999 VL 25 IS 3 BP 279 EP 285 DI 10.1016/S8756-3282(99)00169-6 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 234GR UT WOS:000082476600004 PM 10495131 ER PT J AU Baile, WF Kudelka, AP Beale, EA Glober, GA Myers, EG Greisinger, AJ Bast, RC Goldstein, MG Novack, D Lenzi, R AF Baile, WF Kudelka, AP Beale, EA Glober, GA Myers, EG Greisinger, AJ Bast, RC Goldstein, MG Novack, D Lenzi, R TI Communication skills training in oncology - Description and preliminary outcomes of workshops on breaking bad news and managing patient reactions to illness SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Education CY NOV 05-08, 1998 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Amer Assoc Canc Educ DE communication; training; cancer; outcomes ID CANCER-PATIENTS; HEALTH-PROFESSIONALS; DECISION-MAKING; INFORMATION; CARE; PREFERENCES; DIAGNOSIS; EDUCATION; EFFICACY; DOCTORS AB BACKGROUND. Cancer clinicians do not receive routine training in the psychosocial aspects of patient care such as how to communicate bad news or respond to patients who have unrealistic expectations of cure. Postgraduate workshops may be an effective way to increase interpersonal skills in managing these stressful patient encounters. METHODS. The authors conducted 2 half-day workshops for oncology faculty, one on breaking bad news and one on dealing with "problem situations." Participants met in a large group for didactic presentations and then small groups in which they used role-play and discussion to problem-solve difficult cases from their practices. The small groups were assisted in their work by trained physician facilitators. The workshops were evaluated by means of a follow-up satisfaction questionnaire as well as a self-efficacy measure, which was administered before and after the workshops. RESULTS. Twenty-seven faculty and 2 oncology fellows participated in the training programs. Satisfaction questionnaires showed that the programs met the educational objectives and were considered to be useful and relevant by the participants. Self-efficacy questionnaires revealed an increase in confidence in communicating bad news and managing problem situation cases from before to after the workshop. The majority of attendees welcomed the opportunity to discuss their difficult cases with colleagues. A number resolved to implement newly learned approaches to common patient problems they encountered frequently. CONCLUSIONS. Communication skills workshops may be a useful modality to provide training to oncologists in stressful aspects of the physician-patient relationship. Further research is needed to assess whether long term benefits accrue to the participants. (C) 1999 American Cancer Society. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Neurooncol, Sect Psychiat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Med Specialties, Sect Gynecol Med Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gastrointestinal Med Oncol & Digest Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Sect Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Div Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Bayer Inst Hlth Care Commun, W Haven, CT USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Med, Div Med Educ, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Baile, WF (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Neurooncol, Sect Psychiat, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Box 100, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Bast, Robert/E-6585-2011 OI Bast, Robert/0000-0003-4621-8462 NR 50 TC 150 Z9 152 U1 4 U2 10 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD SEP 1 PY 1999 VL 86 IS 5 BP 887 EP 897 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990901)86:5<887::AID-CNCR27>3.0.CO;2-X PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 228JK UT WOS:000082133200027 PM 10463990 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Chang, CW Chilton, RL AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Ebersole, DG Mego, DM Chang, CW Chilton, RL TI Novel approach to rotational atherectomy results in low restenosis rates in long, calcified lesions: Long-term results of the San Antonio Rotablator Study (SARS) SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE atherectomy; restenosis; complex lesions ID ADJUNCTIVE BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; SINGLE-CENTER; FOLLOW-UP; EXPERIENCE; INTERVENTION; ABLATION; REGISTRY; INJURY AB Ablation technique and adjunctive strategy may affect restenosis after rotational atherectomy To minimize trauma to the vascular wall, we changed the technique of rotablation as follows: the RPM range was decreased to 140,000-160,000 RPM, the ablation was performed using a repetitive pecking motion, avoiding a decrease in the rotational speed of the burr greater than 3,000 RPM, long lesions were divided into segments and each segment was separately ablated, and the burr-to-artery ratio was intended to be approximately 0.75. To prevent coronary spasm, before and after each pass, 100-200 mu g nitroglycerin and 100-200 mu g verapamil i.c. boluses were administered. Adjunctive PTCA was performed using a closely sized 1.1:1 balloon-to-artery ratio with a noncompliant balloon at low pressures for 120 sec. The study incorporated 111 patients with a combined total of 146 calcified lesions. Results. A total of 31.5% of patients underwent a multivessel procedure. No deaths occurred. CI-wave MI and/or creatine kinase elevation greater than three times baseline levels occurred in 4.5% of patients. By quantitative coronary angiography (QCA), the reference vessel diameter was 3.13+/-0.59 mm, mean lesion length was 33.41+/-18.58 mm. Percent stenosis and mean luminal diameter were as follows: at baseline 75.7%+/-10.8%, or 0.76+/-0.41 mm, Post-rotational atherectomy 41.5%+/-3.6%, or 1.83+/-0.43 mm, Post-PTCA 18.2%+/-11.9%, or 2.56+/-0.50 mm. Six-month angiographic follow-up was available in 64 (57.7%) pts. Net luminal gain was 1.15+/-0.76 mm, with a late luminal loss of 0.65+/-0.84 mm. The mean diameter stenosis at follow-up was 37.6%+/-28.5%, with MLD 1.91 +/- 1.21 mm. The binary restenosis rate was 28.1%. Therefore, modification of rotational atherectomy technique with adjunctive PTCA resulted in a favorable restenosis rate in long, calcified lesions. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Cardiac Catheterizat Labs, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kiesz, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 48 IS 1 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1522-726X(199909)48:1<48::AID-CCD9>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 231ZH UT WOS:000082340900009 PM 10467070 ER PT J AU Miller, LG Goetz, MB AF Miller, LG Goetz, MB TI Dual nucleoside therapy in resource-poor and medium-income countries - Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID HIV DISEASE; QUALITY C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Infect Dis Sect, 111F,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 29 IS 3 BP 707 EP 707 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 238GY UT WOS:000082703600059 ER PT J AU Filley, CM AF Filley, CM TI Toxic leukoencephalopathy SO CLINICAL NEUROPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review DE leukoencephalopathy; white matter; white matter dementia; neurotoxicology ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBRAL WHITE-MATTER; MULTIFOCAL INFLAMMATORY LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANT; HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY; BRAIN IRRADIATION; PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT; PROTON SPECTROSCOPY; CHRONIC-ALCOHOLICS; TOLUENE ABUSE AB The white matter of the brain is vulnerable to a wide variety of toxins. Leukoencephalopathy is being increasingly recognized in a number of different patient populations. The detection of early and subtle toxin effects has been facilitated by the advent of magnetic resonance imaging, which offers better resolution of white matter than other neuroimaging methods. Neuropathologic features of leukoencephalopathy are also becoming more completely elucidated. Injury to white matter has been described from cranial irradiation and cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, and from a number of other therapeutic agents, drugs of abuse, and environmental toxins. Many patients have reversible leukoencephalopathy, whereas others experience a progressive and irreversible course. Leukoencephalopathy is associated with neurobehavioral manifestations that may be subtle or devastating, and the syndrome of white matter dementia may result. The pathogenesis of toxic leukoencephalopathy remains largely unknown, and treatment is limited in most cases to prevention by avoidance or minimization of the toxin exposure. However, the prognosis for this syndrome may be relatively favorable because of the frequent sparing of axons even when myelin is affected. Toxic leukoencephalopathy is an emerging clinical disorder that presents the opportunity for improving clinical outcomes in a number of patient groups and for achieving a deeper understanding of the role of white matter in cognitive and emotional function. C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, B-183,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 73 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-5664 J9 CLIN NEUROPHARMACOL JI Clin. Neuropharmacol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 22 IS 5 BP 249 EP 260 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 241FN UT WOS:000082872200001 PM 10516874 ER PT J AU Ge, YG MacDonald, D Henry, MM Halt, HI Nelson, KA Lipsky, BA Zasloff, MA Holroyd, KJ AF Ge, YG MacDonald, D Henry, MM Halt, HI Nelson, KA Lipsky, BA Zasloff, MA Holroyd, KJ TI In vitro susceptibility to pexiganan of bacteria isolated from infected diabetic foot ulcers SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS AB During two clinical trials involving the treatment of 835 out patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers, 2515 bacterial isolates, including 2337 aerobes and 178 anaerobes, were grown from cultures of the ulcers. The in vitro susceptibility of these isolates was determined to pexiganan, a peptide anti-infective evaluated in these clinical trials, and to other classes of antibiotics. Pexiganan demonstrated broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Guam-negative aerobes and anaerobes. The MIC90 values for the most common species among 1735 Gram-positive aerobes isolated, such as Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Group A streptococci, and Group B streptococci, were 16 mu g/mL or less. Of 602 Gram-negative aerobes tested, the MIC90 values for pexiganan were 16 mu g/mL ou less for Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Flavobacterium species. Pexiganan had a MIC90 of 4 to 16 mu g/mL against the anaerobic isolates of Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium, and Prevotella species. Importantly pexiganan did not exhibit cross-resistance with other commonly used antibiotics, including beta-lactams, quinolones, macrolides, and lincosamides. The broad spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity of pexiganan against clinical isolates from infected diabetic foot ulcers supports its potential as a local therapy for infected diabetic foot ulcers. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Magainin Pharmaceut Inc, Dept Microbiol, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 USA. Covance Cent Lab Serv Inc, Indianapolis, IN USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ge, YG (reprint author), Magainin Pharmaceut Inc, Dept Microbiol, Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 19 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 35 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/S0732-8893(99)00056-5 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 240LA UT WOS:000082826400008 PM 10529881 ER PT J AU Robbins, J Coyle, J Rosenbek, J Roecker, E Wood, J AF Robbins, J Coyle, J Rosenbek, J Roecker, E Wood, J TI Differentiation of normal and abnormal airway protection during swallowing using the penetration-aspiration scale SO DYSPHAGIA LA English DT Article DE penetration-aspiration scale; airway invasion; stroke; deglutition; deglutition disorders AB Accidental loss of food or liquids into the airway while eating or drinking is perhaps the most clinically significant consequence of dysphagia. Although videofluoroscopic recording of swallowing is the current gold standard for identifying and determining remediation for aspiration, results are generally described in descriptive terms, thus limiting information and lending to errors of interpretation. We previously published an 8-point scale to quantitate selected aspects of penetration and aspiration conveying depth of airway invasion and whether or not material entering the airway is expelled (Rosenbek et al., 1996, Dysphagia 11:93-98). The present study defines the distribution of the Penetration-Aspiration Scale scores in healthy normal subjects of different genders and ages. The scale was also used with two groups of patients known to have significant dysphagia relative to stroke or head and neck cancer. Significant differences found among groups are discussed. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 11G, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biostat, Madison, WI USA. RP Robbins, J (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 11G, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS24427] NR 8 TC 103 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0179-051X J9 DYSPHAGIA JI Dysphagia PD FAL PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1007/PL00009610 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 231NJ UT WOS:000082316400006 PM 10467048 ER PT J AU Gudmundsson, A Goodman, B Lent, S Barczi, S Grace, A Boyle, L Ershler, WB Carnes, M AF Gudmundsson, A Goodman, B Lent, S Barczi, S Grace, A Boyle, L Ershler, WB Carnes, M TI Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on the circadian rhythms of serum cortisol and body temperature in postmenopausal women SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE circadian rhythm; hydrocortisone; body temperature; estrogen replacement therapy; post-menopausal ID CORTICOSTEROID-BINDING GLOBULIN; RHESUS-MONKEYS; HORMONE; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN; MODULATION; DEPRESSION; SECRETION; ESTRADIOL; FREQUENCY; INCREASE AB Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) seems to enhance longevity in women. Both gender and aging have been shown to influence the regulation of circadian rhythms, yet little is known about the effect of ERT on circadian regulation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ERT (oral conjugated estrogen: Premarin(R), 0.625 mg) for 6-8 weeks on circadian serum cortisol by continuous blood sampling every 15 min for 24 h with simultaneous measurements of body temperature in six healthy postmenopausal women (range, 54-61 years). The results are presented as median values (range in quartiles). The circadian amplitude of cortisol increased during ERT from 20.20 (18.35, 23.61) to 25.97 (24.94, 27.74) mu g/dL (p = 0.016), whereas the timing of nocturnal nadir and morning acrophase did not differ significantly. ERT lowered the 24-h body temperature from 37.03 degrees C (36.95 degrees C, 37.07 degrees C) to 36.90 degrees C (36.77 degrees C, 36.97 degrees C) (p = 0.038), but did not alter the peak and trough body temperatures significantly. These findings are noteworthy because the increased circadian amplitude of serum cortisol during ERT contrasts with the reduction in circadian amplitude seen with normal aging. The reduction in body temperature confirms the regulatory effect of ERT in thermoregulation and has implications regarding the correlation between basal metabolic rate and life span. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. AII rights reserved. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Gudmundsson, A (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR03186, RR29-DK40759]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG-1071] NR 37 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 34 IS 6 BP 809 EP 818 DI 10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00044-3 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 243UR UT WOS:000083016100008 PM 10579640 ER PT J AU Oberley, TD Toyokuni, S Szweda, LI AF Oberley, TD Toyokuni, S Szweda, LI TI Localization of hydroxynonenal protein adducts in normal human kidney and selected human kidney cancers SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; oxidative damage; kidney cancer; nucleus; mitochondria; free radicals ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; IMMUNOGOLD ANALYSIS; DIFFERENTIATION; 8-HYDROXY-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; IMMUNOLOCALIZATION; CARCINOGENESIS; MITOCHONDRIA AB Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) protein adducts were used to identify lipid peroxidation products in normal human kidney and in selected human kidney cancers using immunoperoxidase techniques at the light microscopic level and immunogold techniques at the ultrastructural level. HNE protein adducts were detected in most cell types in normal kidney, although in highly variable amounts. All six morphologic types of renal tumors examined showed some staining with antibodies to HNE protein adducts, although the intensity of staining Varied considerably depending on tumor type. Renal oncocytoma and the granular cell variant of renal adenocarcinoma both showed greater cytoplasmic staining for HNE protein adducts than the other tumors examined; these tumors both contain high numbers of mitochondria and suggest that mitochondria are a major source of lipid peroxidation products. To test this possibility, immunogold ultrastructural analysis was performed. HNE protein adducts were identified in nuclei and mitochondria in both normal proximal tubule and three types of renal carcinoma examined; these results localize oxidative damage at the subcellular level in both benign and malignant epithelium to nuclei and mitochondria. In conclusion, HNE protein adducts occur in kidneys in both normal and tumor cells, although immunomorphologic analyses suggest less HNE protein adducts in tumor cells. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Biol Dis, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A-35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RI Toyokuni, Shinya/C-1358-2010 OI Toyokuni, Shinya/0000-0002-5757-1109 NR 36 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 27 IS 5-6 BP 695 EP 703 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00117-3 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 234RK UT WOS:000082498000024 PM 10490290 ER PT J AU Pandol, SJ Periskic, S Gukovsky, I Zaninovic, V Jung, Y Zong, YM Solomon, TE Gukovskaya, AS Tsukamoto, H AF Pandol, SJ Periskic, S Gukovsky, I Zaninovic, V Jung, Y Zong, YM Solomon, TE Gukovskaya, AS Tsukamoto, H TI Ethanol diet increases the sensitivity of rats to pancreatitis induced by cholecystokinin octapeptide SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CERULEIN-INDUCED PANCREATITIS; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; ALCOHOLIC LIVER-DISEASE; KUPFFER CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; KAPPA-B; INJURY; CONSUMPTION; INFUSION; NECROSIS AB Background & Aims: Although alcoholism is a major cause of pancreatitis, the pathogenesis of this disorder remains obscure. Failure to produce experimental alcoholic pancreatitis suggests that ethanol may only increase predisposition to pancreatitis. This study sought to develop a model of ethanol pancreatitis by determining if an ethanol diet sensitizes rats to pancreatitis caused by cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8). Methods: Rats were fed intragastrically either control or ethanol diet for 2 or 6 weeks. The animals were then infused for 6 hours-with either saline or CCK-8 at a dose of 3000 pmol . kg(-1) . h(-1), which by itself did not induce pancreatitis. The following parameters were measured: serum amylase and lipase levels, pancreatic weight, inflammatory infiltration, number of apoptotic acinar cells, pancreatic messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cytokines and chemokines, and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activity. Results: All measures of pancreatitis, as well as NF-kappa B activity and mRNA expression for tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, were significantly increased only in rats treated with ethanol plus CCK-8. Conclusions: An ethanol diet sensitizes rats to pancreatitis caused by CCK-8. The combined action of ethanol and CCK-8 results in NF-kappa B activation and up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the pancreas. These mechanisms may contribute to the development of alcoholic pancreatitis. C1 Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol & Liver Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gukovskaya, AS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bldg 258,Room 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [1 P50 AA11999-01] NR 48 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD SEP PY 1999 VL 117 IS 3 BP 706 EP 716 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70465-8 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 230QF UT WOS:000082261300030 PM 10464148 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, DC AF Whitcomb, DC TI The spectrum of complications of hereditary pancreatitis - Is this a model for future gene therapy? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CATIONIC TRYPSINOGEN GENE; MEDICAL PROGRESS; ACINAR-CELLS; ACTIVATION; RISK; CANCER; MICE; MUTATIONS; ZYMOGENS; PROTEIN AB Hereditary pancreatitis is an unusual form of pancreatitis that runs in families. Clinical features include recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis in 80% of family members and eventual chronic pancreatitis in about 20% to 30% of family members. In addition, a subset of individuals with prolonged chronic pancreatitis have a high incidence of pancreatic cancer. Two mutations in the cationic trypsinogen gene were identified (R117H and N211) that appear to allow prematurely activated trypsinogen to cause acinar cell autodigestion and acute pancreatitis. Because much is known about the biochemistry and molecular biology of trypsinogen, careful consideration of gene therapy is warranted. Although gene therapy for hereditary pancreatitis is beyond current technology, new approaches probably will emerge that can allow for identification of individuals at risk for pancreatitis. Early detection will lead to early treatment with effective measures, such as gene therapies, that may prevent the development of pancreatitis. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Genom Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Whitcomb, DC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Med, 571 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R03DK51954, R01DK50236] NR 93 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 28 IS 3 BP 525 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70071-6 PG 18 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 257WB UT WOS:000083804500002 PM 10503134 ER PT J AU Li, L Kim, JG Gutierrez, O Graham, D Go, MF AF Li, L Kim, JG Gutierrez, O Graham, D Go, MF TI Geographic variation in cagA structural heterogeneity in HP isolates from duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer (GC) patients SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1999 VL 45 SU 3 BP A28 EP A28 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 234DN UT WOS:000082469400093 ER PT J AU Kavirajan, H AF Kavirajan, H TI The amobarbital interview revisited: A review of the literature since 1966 SO HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID AMYTAL INTERVIEW; CATATONIC MUTISM; MANAGEMENT AB The amobarbital interview has been a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for almost 70 years. Because safer alternatives, namely benzodiazepines, have become available over the past 30 years, its clinical use merits reexamination. Toward this end, the! psychiatric literature on the amobarbital interview is reviewed. A Medline search using the key words "amobarbital interview" generated papers published in English since 1966. Most of the literature demonstrating utility of the amobarbital interview consists of uncontrolled case series or case reports on a variety of clinical applications. One controlled study in patients with catatonia demonstrated clear superiority of amobarbital over placebo in promoting verbalization and alertness, but six other controlled studies using various doses in heterogeneous patient groups failed to find differences between this drug and placebo. Additional rigorous, controlled studies comparing amobarbital with placebo and with possible alternatives such as benzodiazepines in specific patient populations are! needed to define the place of this agent in the psychiatric armamentarium. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kavirajan, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 63 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1067-3229 J9 HARVARD REV PSYCHIAT JI Harv. Rev. Psychiatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 7 IS 3 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1093/hrp/7.3.153 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 232CP UT WOS:000082348400003 PM 10483934 ER PT J AU Lynn, MM Achtmeyer, C Chavez, C Zicafoose, B Therien, J AF Lynn, MM Achtmeyer, C Chavez, C Zicafoose, B Therien, J TI The evolving role of advanced practice nursing within the new Veteran's Health Administration SO HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE advanced practice nurses (APNs); best practice model; evolving role; patient-centered care ID PRIMARY-CARE; PRACTITIONERS; SATISFACTION; PHYSICIANS; QUALITY AB The Veteran's Health Administration (VHA) is experiencing profound change in focus and organization of service delivery. The focus of the evolving VHA system includes improvements in performance outcomes, such as actual costs, better access, higher levels of customer satisfaction, and improved functional status of patients. Given the changing nature of service delivery in the VHA system and the contributions of the Advanced Practices Nurses (APNs), this article explores the expanding role of the APN within the VHA and presents a best practice model for achieving the full potential of advanced nursing practice. C1 Denver VAMC, Denver, CO USA. Univ Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Tucson VAMC, Tucson, AZ USA. Salem VAMC, Womens Hlth Clin, Ambulatory Care Serv Line, Salem, VA USA. RP Lynn, MM (reprint author), Denver VAMC, Denver, CO USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21704 USA SN 0361-6274 J9 HEALTH CARE MANAGE R JI Health Care Manage. Rev. PD FAL PY 1999 VL 24 IS 4 BP 80 EP 93 PG 14 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 254FM UT WOS:000083601300010 PM 10572792 ER PT J AU Carey, K Burgess, JF AF Carey, K Burgess, JF TI On measuring the hospital cost/quality trade-off SO HEALTH ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE hospitals; cost functions; quality of care ID COST-FUNCTIONS; EARLY READMISSION; PANEL-DATA; QUALITY; CARE; INDICATOR; INDUSTRY AB This paper explores the relationship between cost and quality of hospital care. A total operating cost function is estimated for 137 US Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals for 1988-1993 using three rate-based measures of quality as regressors. The high likelihood of the existence of measurement error in quality in the cross section leads to the application of novel instrumental variable techniques. Results suggest that mortality and readmission indices are adjusted inadequately for illness severity. The measure on the failure to follow up inpatient discharges with outpatient care, however, appears to increase cost. The results of this paper underscore a number of practical difficulties and challenges facing government or other systems in evaluating the relative performance of their hospitals. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Carey, K (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, Bldg 12,200 Springs Rd, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 21 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1057-9230 J9 HEALTH ECON JI Health Econ. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 8 IS 6 BP 509 EP 520 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199909)8:6<509::AID-HEC460>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 12 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 242RZ UT WOS:000082956600003 PM 10544316 ER PT J AU Andes, DR Craig, WA AF Andes, DR Craig, WA TI Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in meningitis SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; EXPERIMENTAL ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID CONCENTRATIONS; EXPERIMENTAL PENICILLIN-RESISTANT; TICARCILLIN-CLAVULANIC ACID; ACUTE BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; LACTAMASE-PRODUCING STRAIN; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; PURULENT-MENINGITIS AB It is the ability of a drug to reach and maintain effective concentrations at the infection site that determines its efficacy. This article reviews the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials used in the treatment of meningitis. A better understanding of the interrelationship between pharmacokinetics-the time course of antimicrobial concentrations in serum and at the infection site-and pharmacodynamics-the relationships between antimicrobial concentration and antimicrobial effect-should facilitate the establishment of optimal dosage regimens for this life-threatening bacterial infection. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Clin Pharmacol Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Andes, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, 600 Highland Ave,Room H4-570, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 133 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0891-5520 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 13 IS 3 BP 595 EP + DI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70096-9 PG 25 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229BA UT WOS:000082172400006 PM 10470557 ER PT J AU Bush, RK Sanchez, H Geisler, D AF Bush, RK Sanchez, H Geisler, D TI Molecular cloning of a major Alternaria alternata allergen, rAlt a 2 SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alternaria alternata; recombinant allergens; rAlt a 2 ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 2ND NATIONAL-HEALTH; FUNGAL ALLERGENS; ALT; PURIFICATION; ASTHMA; REACTIVITY AB Background: Sensitivity to the fungus Alternaria alternata is a common cause of asthma, Epidemiologic studies from a variety of locations worldwide indicate that A alternata sensitivity is closely linked with the development of asthma. Furthermore, A alternata sensitivity has been associated with severe and potentially fatal attacks of asthma, Objective: The diagnosis of A alternata sensitivity is hampered by the lack of standardized and well-characterized allergenic extracts. Molecular cloning of allergens offers the possibility of providing large quantities of purified, well-characterized allergens not only for diagnostic purposes but also for studying the pathogenesis of A alternata sensitivity, We used molecular cloning to identify, purify, and produce a majors alternata allergen in quantity. Methods: We prepared messenger (m)RNA from A alternata to produce a complementary (c)DNA library The library was screened for A alternata allergens by using sera from A alternata-sensitive individuals. A recombinant allergen was isolated, the cDNA sequence was determined, and the protein was expressed in Pichia pastoris, Results: A unique A alternata allergen, rAlt a 2, was identified. A 2.2-kb cDNA sequence was obtained that has homology with a common transposable region and mouse RNA-dependent eukaryote initiation factor-2 a-kinase but no homology to any known allergen, No N-glycosylation sites were found in the cDNA sequence. The recombinant allergen was recognized by IgE antibodies in the sera of 16 of 26 (61%) individuals allergic to A alternata, which defines Alt a 2 as a major allergen. Conclusions: We have molecularly cloned a unique major A alternata allergen, rAlt a 2. Identification and expression of the recombinant allergen should enhance the development of standardized A alternata allergenic extracts and provide stable reagents for investigating the pathogenesis of A alternata sensitivity. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 104 IS 3 BP 665 EP 671 DI 10.1016/S0091-6749(99)70340-4 PN 1 PG 7 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 241EP UT WOS:000082870000032 PM 10482844 ER PT J AU Colman, RJ Weindruch, R Kemnitz, JW Binkley, N AF Colman, RJ Weindruch, R Kemnitz, JW Binkley, N TI Long-term dietary restriction does not negatively affect rhesus monkey skeletal status. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA SA343 BP S394 EP S394 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347101044 ER PT J AU Gunness, ME Shea, M Pelz, G Gillard, J Olson, D Chambers, VK Orwoll, ES Klein, RF AF Gunness, ME Shea, M Pelz, G Gillard, J Olson, D Chambers, VK Orwoll, ES Klein, RF TI Breeding for peak bone mass: Selected histomorphometric, geometric, and biomechanical properties of divergent mouse lines. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Orthopaed Res Lab, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Portland, ME USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA SU474 BP S550 EP S550 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347101664 ER PT J AU Klein, RF Vartanian, KA Chambers, VK Turner, RS Carlos, AS Belknap, JK Orwoll, ES AF Klein, RF Vartanian, KA Chambers, VK Turner, RS Carlos, AS Belknap, JK Orwoll, ES TI Chromosomal localization of genes regulating peak bone mineral density in mice. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA 1168 BP S174 EP S174 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347100170 ER PT J AU Liu, YY Nguyen, C Peleg, S AF Liu, YY Nguyen, C Peleg, S TI Regulation of heterodimerization and coactivator binding by the activation function 2 domain of the vitamin D receptor. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA 1142 BP S168 EP S168 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347100144 ER PT J AU McDougall, S Chen, S Hahn, TJ Peters, JH AF McDougall, S Chen, S Hahn, TJ Peters, JH TI Gene expression patterns in rat chondrocytes using DNA microarray. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA F014 BP S217 EP S217 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347100337 ER PT J AU Orwoll, ES Belknap, JK Klein, RF AF Orwoll, ES Belknap, JK Klein, RF TI Gender-specific genetic determinants of peak bone mass. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Bone & Mineral Unit, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA 1170 BP S175 EP S175 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347100172 ER PT J AU Silverman, SL Chesnut, C Maricic, MJ Andriano, K Gimona, A Baylink, D AF Silverman, SL Chesnut, C Maricic, MJ Andriano, K Gimona, A Baylink, D TI Age and lumbar spine BMD are the strongest predictors of vetebral fracture through five years - Evidence from the placebo group in the PROOF study. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Arizona, Arizona Hlth Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. Novartis Pharma Basle, E Hanover, NJ USA. Loma Linda Univ, Jerry L Pettis Mem Vet Hosp, Loma Linda, CA 92357 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA SU337 BP S516 EP S516 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347101528 ER PT J AU Yamaguchi, DT Lee, TM Wang, PKC Tachiki, K AF Yamaguchi, DT Lee, TM Wang, PKC Tachiki, K TI Magnetic fields inhibit sodium/proton antiport activity and alters proliferation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Elect Engn, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI DURHAM PA PO BOX 2759, DURHAM, NC 27715-2759 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 14 SU 1 MA F130 BP S238 EP S238 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 232CA UT WOS:000082347100421 ER PT J AU Singh, G Lakkis, CL Laucirica, R Epner, DE AF Singh, G Lakkis, CL Laucirica, R Epner, DE TI Regulation of prostate cancer cell division by glucose SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHICK-EMBRYO FIBROBLASTS; CYCLE PROGRESSION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; KINASE-C; GLYCOLYSIS; GROWTH; P53; PROLIFERATION; DIACYLGLYCEROL; GLUTAMINOLYSIS AB Previous studies have shown that rapid cell proliferation is associated with elevated glucose consumption. However, those studies did not establish whether glucose is required for prostate cancer cell proliferation or define the molecular mechanisms by which glucose regulates cell division. We addressed these issues by studying two metastatic human prostate cancer cell lines: DU145, which is androgen independent and highly proliferative; and LNCaP, which is androgen dependent and relatively slow growing. We found that proliferation of DU145 cells was significantly inhibited by reduction of glucose in the medium to 0.5 g/L, which is half the physiologic concentration, whereas LNCaP cells grew at control rates even in the presence of only 0.05 g/L glucose. Glucose deprivation of DU145 cells caused a 90% reduction in DNA synthesis; a 10-20-fold reduction in cyclins D and E and CDK4 levels; and cell cycle arrest in G(0)-G(1). However, glucose deprivation did not cause global inhibition of protein synthesis, since mutant p53 levels increased in glucose-deprived DU145 cells. This observed increase in mutant p53 levels was not associated with a rise in p21 levels. Glucose deprivation of DU145 cells also led to apparent dephosphorylation of mutant retinoblastoma (RB) protein. We conclude that: 1) high levels of glucose consumption are required for rapid proliferation of androgen-independent prostate canter cells, 2) glucose may not be required for slow growth of androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells, and 3) glucose promotes passage of cells through early G(1) by increasing the expression of several key cell cycle regulatory proteins that normally inhibit RE function. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Epner, DE (reprint author), VAMC, Med Serv, 111H,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1R29CA/78355-01] NR 46 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 180 IS 3 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199909)180:3<431::AID-JCP14>3.0.CO;2-O PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 218LQ UT WOS:000081554400014 PM 10430183 ER PT J AU Itani, KMF Karni, A Green, L AF Itani, KMF Karni, A Green, L TI Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas SO JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE pancreas; squamous; carcinoma ID ADENOSQUAMOUS-CARCINOMA AB Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a controversial entity. Although some reports show that it is metastatic from another source, others demonstrate that it is a primary tumor. Between 1988 and 1997, fourteen cases of pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma were identified in the records of our pathology department. In seven instances the features were consistent with squamous cell carcinoma with no adenomatous component. The records of six of these patients were available for review and constitute the basis for this report. Five patients were diagnosed by means of percutaneous CT-guided fine-needle aspiration, whereas the sixth patient was diagnosed using a transduodenal core needle biopsy. At the time of diagnosis four patients had lung lesions, three patients had liver lesions, and two patients had lytic bone lesions. One patient had a 6 cm esophageal lesion. Surgical intervention had no impact on treatment or palliation in one of the patients. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, alone or in combination, were ineffective in all patients. Median survival from the time of diagnosis was 2 months. We conclude that in cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas, every effort should be made to exclude adenomatous components histologically within the tumor and to exclude another primary source of squamous cell carcinoma. This will allow a better understanding of this entity and a refinement of therapy. C1 Houston VAMC, Dept Surg 112A, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Itani, KMF (reprint author), Houston VAMC, Dept Surg 112A, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUALITY MEDICAL PUBLISHING INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11970 BORMAN DR, STE 222, ST LOUIS, MO 63146 USA SN 1091-255X J9 J GASTROINTEST SURG JI J. Gastrointest. Surg. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 3 IS 5 BP 512 EP 515 DI 10.1016/S1091-255X(99)80105-X PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 248KC UT WOS:000083272800010 PM 10482708 ER PT J AU Kasyapa, CS Stentz, CL Davey, MP Carr, DW AF Kasyapa, CS Stentz, CL Davey, MP Carr, DW TI Regulation of IL-15-stimulated TNF-alpha production by rolipram SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; IV PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITOR; COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; T-CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INTERLEUKIN-15; SUPPRESSION AB Agents that increase intracellular cAMP have been shown to reduce joint inflammation in experimental arthritis, presumably by lowering the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha. Recent studies suggest that, in joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, TNF-alpha release from macrophages is triggered by their interaction with IL-15-stimulated T lymphocytes, In this report, we analyze the effect of rolipram, a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on TNF-alpha production in this experimental system. Cocultures of U937 cells with IL-15-stimulated T cells, but not control T cells, resulted in increased release of TNF-alpha. Pretreatment of T cells with rolipram or cAMP analogues inhibited the IL-15-stimulated increases in proliferation, expression of cell surface molecules CD69, ICAM-1, and LFA-1, and release of TNF-alpha from macrophages, Addition of PMA. to T cells dramatically increased the expression of cell surface molecules, but had little or no effect on TNF-alpha release from either T cells or from cocultures, suggesting that other surface molecules must also be involved in T cell/macrophage contact-mediated production of TNF-alpha, Addition of PMA synergistically increased the proliferation of IL-15-stimulated T cells and the secretion of TNF-alpha from IL-15-stimulated T cell/macrophage cocultures, Rolipram and 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (CPT-cAMP) blocked these increases. Measurement of protein kinase A (PKA) activity and the use of inhibitory cAMP analogues (RpCPT-cAMP) confirmed that rolipram worked by stimulating PKA, These data suggest that PKA-activating agents, such as rolipram, can block secretion of TNF-alpha from macrophages by inhibiting T cell activation and expression of surface molecules. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Carr, DW (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, R&D8,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 42 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 1 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 5 BP 2836 EP 2843 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 228FA UT WOS:000082125400065 PM 10453029 ER PT J AU Boedeker, JC Doolittle, M Santamarina-Fojo, S White, AL AF Boedeker, JC Doolittle, M Santamarina-Fojo, S White, AL TI Role of N-linked carbohydrate processing and calnexin in human hepatic lipase secretion SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chaperone; endoplasmic reticulum; ER glucosidase; Lec23 cells; Lec1 cells ID LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; POSTHEPARIN PLASMA; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; HDL CHOLESTEROL; BINDING-PROTEIN; RAT HEPATOCYTES; CDNA SEQUENCE AB The addition and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glucosidase processing of N-linked glycans is essential for the secretion of rat hepatic lipase (HL), Human HL is distinct from rat HL by the presence of four as opposed to two N-linked carbohydrate side chains. We examined the role of N-linked glycosylation and calnexin interaction in human HL secretion from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing a human HL cDNA, Steady-state and pulse-chase labeling experiments established that human HL was synthesized as an ER-associated precursor containing high mannose N-linked glycans, Secreted HL had a molecular mass of similar to 65 kDa and contained mature N-linked sugars, Inhibition of N-linked glycosylation with tunicamycin (TM) prevented secretion of HL enzyme activity and protein mass. in contrast, incubation of cells with the ER glucosidase inhibitor, castanospermine (CST), decreased human HL protein secretion by 60%, but allowed 40% of fully active HL to be secreted, HL protein mass and enzyme activity were also recovered from the media of a CHO-derivative cell line genetically deficient in ER glucosidase I activity (Lec23) that was transiently transfected with a human HL cDNA, Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that newly synthesized human HL bound to the lectin-like ER chaperone, calnexin, and that this interaction was inhibited by TM and CST. These results suggest that under normal conditions calnexin may increase the efficiency of HL expert from the ER. Whereas a significant proportion of human HL can attain activity and become secreted in the absence of glucose trimming and calnexin association, these interrelated processes are nevertheless essential for the expression of full HL activity. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NHLBI, Mol Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP White, AL (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO-IRR00663]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1627 EP 1635 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 233MF UT WOS:000082430100008 PM 10484609 ER PT J AU Teneback, CC Nahas, Z Speer, AM Molloy, M Stallings, LE Spicer, KM Risch, SC George, MS AF Teneback, CC Nahas, Z Speer, AM Molloy, M Stallings, LE Spicer, KM Risch, SC George, MS TI Changes in prefrontal cortex and paralimbic activity in depression following two weeks of daily left prefrontal TMS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; MAJOR DEPRESSION; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; BLOOD-FLOW; BRAIN; MOOD; CONNECTIVITY AB Twenty-two depressed adults were scanned with perfusion single-photon computed emission tomography before and after 2 weeks of left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a parallel design, double-blind treatment study. At medication-free baseline, across all subjects, blood flow in the bilateral medial temporal lobes, left prefrontal cortex, and caudate significantly declined with increased depression severity. Also at baseline, depressed adults who responded to TMS, compared with nonresponders, showed increased inferior frontal lobe activity. Following treatment, there was an even greater difference in inferior frontal blood flow in responders compared with nonresponders, and the negative baseline correlations between depression severity and limbic and prefrontal blood flow disappeared. These results suggest that in depressed adults, 10 days of prefrontal TMS affects prefrontal and paralimbic activity, which may explain its antidepressant effects. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Room D297,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 62 TC 145 Z9 148 U1 7 U2 13 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 1999 VL 11 IS 4 BP 426 EP 435 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254QC UT WOS:000083622800003 PM 10570754 ER PT J AU Altshuler, L Rausch, R Delrahim, S Kay, J Crandall, P AF Altshuler, L Rausch, R Delrahim, S Kay, J Crandall, P TI Temporal lobe epilepsy, temporal lobectomy, and major depression SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; FOLLOW-UP; PERSONALITY; LATERALITY; SURGERY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; PSYCHOSIS; BEHAVIOR AB Sixty-two patients with medically intractable complex partial seizures who had either surgical or no surgical intervention were followed up at a mean of 10.9 years after surgery or initial evaluation. Of the 49 surgical patients, 45% had a lifetime history of depression, versus 15% of the 13 patients in the nonsurgical comparison group. In the surgical group, 77% had prior history of depression; of these, 47% experienced no further episodes after surgery. Depression occurred de novo after lobectomy in 5 surgical patients (similar to 10%), 4 developing depression within 1 year. Presurgical presence of depressive episodes predicted continued postoperative depressive episodes. The significantly higher depression rate in patients with temporal lobe seizure foci suggests limbic system dysfunction in the increased risk for depression. Postsurgical resolution of episodes in almost 50% of these patients supports the tenet that depression per se is not a contraindication for surgery in patients with intractable seizures. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Mood Disorders Res Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Altshuler, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Mood Disorders Res Program, 300 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 1544, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS31277] NR 54 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 1999 VL 11 IS 4 BP 436 EP 443 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254QC UT WOS:000083622800004 PM 10570755 ER PT J AU Bronstein, YL Mendez, MF Vinters, HV AF Bronstein, YL Mendez, MF Vinters, HV TI Clinicopathologic case report: Rapidly progressive dementia with demyelinating polyneuropathy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; FATAL FAMILIAL INSOMNIA; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PRION PROTEIN; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COEXISTENCE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med Neuropathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit 116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P50 AG16570] NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 1999 VL 11 IS 4 BP 507 EP 513 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254QC UT WOS:000083622800015 PM 10570766 ER PT J AU Bardgette, J Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG AF Bardgette, J Abboud, HE Choudhury, GG TI Activation of STAT1 alpha by phosphatase inhibitor vanadate in glomerular mesangial cells: Involvement of tyrosine and serine phosphorylation SO JOURNAL OF RECEPTOR AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR; INSULINOMIMETIC AGENTS; SIGNALING PROTEINS; RAT ADIPOCYTES; KINASE; TRANSCRIPTION; STAT3; RECEPTOR; PATHWAYS; REQUIRES AB Vanadate is an insulinomimetic agent that has potent inhibitory effect on tyrosine phosphatases. We have recently demonstrated that low concentration of vanadate stimulates phosphotyrosine-dependent signal transduction pathways leading to gene expression and DNA synthesis in mesangial cells. To further examine the mechanisms by which vanadate activates mesangial cell, we studied its effect on signal transducer and activators of transcription (STAT). Incubation of lysates from vanadate-stimulated mesangial cells with a specific high affinity sis-inducible DNA element (SIE) resulted in the formation of protein-DNA complex. Supershift analysis using monoclonal antibody against STAT1 alpha showed its exclusive presence in the DNA-protein complex. Incubation of cell lysate with antiphosphotyrosine antibody or with excess phosphotyrosine caused decrease in binding of STAT1 alpha to SIE probe indicating that tyrosine phosphorylation and dimerization of this transcription factor are necessary for its activation. Immunoprecipitation followed by immunecomplex kinase assay showed increased tyrosine kinase activity of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) in vanadate-treated mesangial cells. The addition of a monoclonal antiphosphoserine antibody to lysates from vanadate-treated mesangial cells results in supershift of protein-DNA complex indicating the presence of serine phosphorylated STAT1 alpha in this complex. Treatment of lystates from vanadated-stimulated mesangial cells with serine phosphatase PP2A causes inhibition of DNA-protein interaction. Collectively, our data indicate that at least one mechanism of activation of mesangial cells during vanadate treatment is increased activation of STAT la by both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Choudhury, GG (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-43988, DK-50190] NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 1079-9893 J9 J RECEPT SIGNAL TR R JI J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 19 IS 5 BP 865 EP 884 DI 10.3109/10799899909042878 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 198TN UT WOS:000080440500006 PM 10349599 ER PT J AU Moonka, R Stiens, SA Resnick, WJ McDonald, JM Eubank, WB Dominitz, JA Stelzner, MG AF Moonka, R Stiens, SA Resnick, WJ McDonald, JM Eubank, WB Dominitz, JA Stelzner, MG TI The prevalence and natural history of gallstones in spinal cord injured patients SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-POPULATION; RISK FACTOR; DISEASE; GALLBLADDER; CHOLELITHIASIS; CONTRACTILITY; PHYSIOLOGY; COMMUNITY; ABDOMEN AB Background: Individuals with a spinal cord injury are at increased risk for the development of gallstones. Because these patients cannot reliably manifest classic symptoms of biliary colic, they may be more likely to present with advanced biliary complications than patients with intact abdominal innervation. The natural history of gallstones in spinal cord injured patients has not been described. Study Design: All spinal cord injured patients seen at the Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center from January 1, 1993, to December 31, 1997 were included in the study. For each patient, the presence or absence of gallstones had been determined previously through screening abdominal ultrasonographic evaluations. Pertinent-demographic information was obtained from medical records and patient interviews. Patients with gallstones were followed until death, cholecystectomy, or the conclusion of the study, and the annual incidence of biliary complications and patients requiring a cholecystectomy were determined. The prevalence of gallstones was established by studying the subset of patients seen at the Seattle Spinal Cord Injury Unit from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1997 Results: Among the spinal cord injured patients, 31% either had gallstones or had undergone a cholecystectomy at some point after their injury. Increasing age, female gender, and greater severity of injury were risk factors for the formation of gallstones. Over the first 5 years after the diagnosis of gallstones, the annual incidence of cholecystectomy or biliary complications was 6.3% and 2.2%, respectively. Conclusions: Spinal cord injured patients are at-increased risk for the development of gallstones. Patients with gallstones are at an increased risk for the development of biliary complications compared with neurologically intact patients, but the magnitude of this risk does not warrant prophylactic cholecystectomy. (J Am Cell Surg 1999;189:274-281. (C) 1999 by the American College of Surgeons). C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Surg,Div Gen Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Med,Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Moonka, R (reprint author), Virginia Mason Med Ctr, 1100 9th Ave,POB 900, Seattle, WA 98111 USA. OI Dominitz, Jason/0000-0002-8070-7086 NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 189 IS 3 BP 274 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(99)00143-X PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 230EK UT WOS:000082238700007 PM 10472928 ER PT J AU Lyons, WL Yaffe, K AF Lyons, WL Yaffe, K TI Vitamin B-12 deficiency SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Letter ID MENTAL-STATE-EXAMINATION; AGE C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Lyons, WL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 47 IS 9 BP 1155 EP 1155 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 233LU UT WOS:000082429000022 PM 10484265 ER PT J AU Hester, EJ Cook, DR Robbins, LJ AF Hester, EJ Cook, DR Robbins, LJ TI The VA and medicare HMOs: Complimentary or redundant? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 47 IS 9 MA P151 BP S49 EP S49 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 233LU UT WOS:000082429000219 ER PT J AU Piper, PK Royall, DR Chiodo, LK AF Piper, PK Royall, DR Chiodo, LK TI Longitudinal impact of depressive symptoms among elderly retirees SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 47 IS 9 MA P300 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 233LU UT WOS:000082429000367 ER PT J AU Ha, TS Barnes, JL Stewart, JL Ko, CW Miner, JH Abrahamson, DR Sanes, JR Kasinath, BS AF Ha, TS Barnes, JL Stewart, JL Ko, CW Miner, JH Abrahamson, DR Sanes, JR Kasinath, BS TI Regulation of renal laminin in mice with type II diabetes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN; GLOMERULAR EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESANGIAL CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; HIGH GLUCOSE; PROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; S-LAMININ; RATS AB This study examines the regulation of renal laminin in the db/db mouse, a model of type II diabetes characterized by extensive remodeling of extracellular matrix. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated an increase in the contents of laminin chains including beta 1 chain in the mesangium and tubular basement membranes at 1, 2, 3, and 4 mo of diabetes. Immunofluorescence with an antibody against the recently discovered laminin alpha 5 chain showed that in the normal mouse, the protein had a restricted distribution to the glomerular and tubular basement membranes with scant expression in the mesangium of older mice. In the diabetic mouse, the laminin alpha 5 chain content of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes was increased, with marked expression in the mesangium. Northern analysis revealed a significant decrease in the renal cortical contents of alpha 5, beta 1, and gamma 1 chain mRNA in the diabetic mice compared to control, at each of the time points. In situ hybridization showed decreased abundance of alpha 5 transcripts in the glomeruli of diabetic mice compared to nondiabetic controls. Analysis of mRNA changes by Northern and in situ hybridization studies demonstrated that the reduction in laminin transcripts involved both glomerular and tubular elements. These observations demonstrate that laminin accumulation in the db/db mice with type II diabetes is due to nontranscriptional mechanisms. Because previous investigations in rodents with type I diabetes have shown that the increase in renal laminin content was associated with a corresponding increment in laminin chain transcript levels, it appears that the mechanisms underlying augmentation in renal matrix laminin content may be distinct in the two types of diabetes. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. AL Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Cell Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Kasinath, BS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 37 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 10 IS 9 BP 1931 EP 1939 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 229UB UT WOS:000082213200010 PM 10477145 ER PT J AU Sawhney, R McCowin, MJ Wall, SD Block, MI AF Sawhney, R McCowin, MJ Wall, SD Block, MI TI Fluoroscopically guided placement of the Kopans hookwire for lung nodule localization prior to thoracoscopic wedge resection SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PERIPHERAL PULMONARY NODULES C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Sawhney, R (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1133 EP 1134 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(99)70207-1 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 234ZN UT WOS:000082514400026 PM 10496722 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA AF Ubel, PA TI The challenge of measuring community values in ways appropriate for setting health care priorities SO KENNEDY INSTITUTE OF ETHICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PUBLIC-ATTITUDES; DECISION-MAKING; TRANSPLANTATION; EQUITY; OREGON; ELICITATION; PREFERENCES; ALLOCATION; PHYSICIANS AB The move from a notion that community values ought to play a role in health care decision making to the creation of health care policies that in some way reflect such values is a challenging one. No single method will adequately measure community values in a way appropriate for setting health care priorities. Consequently, multiple methods to measure community values should be employed, thereby allowing the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods to complement each other. A preliminary research agenda to bring together empirical research on community values with more traditional research on health care ethics is outlined, with the goal of identifying and measuring acceptable community values that are relatively consistent across measurement methods and, ultimately developing ways to incorporate these values into health care priority decision making. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 1054-6863 J9 KENNEDY INST ETHIC J JI Kennedy Inst. Ethics J. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 9 IS 3 BP 263 EP 284 DI 10.1353/ken.1999.0021 PG 22 WC Ethics; Philosophy; Social Issues SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy; Social Issues GA 254UG UT WOS:000083630100004 PM 11657717 ER PT J AU Campbell, SM Hann, M Roland, MO Quayle, JA Shekelle, PG AF Campbell, SM Hann, M Roland, MO Quayle, JA Shekelle, PG TI The effect of panel membership and feedback on ratings in a two-round Delphi survey - Results of a randomized controlled trial SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE consensus; panels; feedback; RAND; Delphi ID MEDICAL PROCEDURES; PHYSICIAN RATINGS; CONSENSUS METHODS; APPROPRIATENESS; CARE; GUIDELINES; NECESSITY; SERVICES AB BACKGROUND. Past observational studies of the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method have shown that the composition of panels affects the ratings that are obtained, Panels of mixed physicians make different judgments from panels of single specialty physicians, and physicians who use a procedure are more likely to rate it more highly than those who do not. OBJECTIVES. To determine the effect of using physicians and health care managers within a panel designed to assess quality indicators for primary care and to test the effect of different types of feedback within the panel process. METHOD. A two-round postal Delphi survey of health care managers and family physicians rated 240 potential indicators of quality of primary care in the United Kingdom to determine their face validity. Following round one, equal numbers of managers and physicians were randomly allocated to receive either collective (whole sample) or group-only (own professional group only) feedback, thus, creating four subgroups of two single-specialty panels and two mixed panels. RESULTS. Overall, managers rated the indicators significantly higher than physicians, Second-round stores were moderated by the type of feedback received with those receiving collective feedback influenced by the other professional group. CONCLUSIONS. This paper provides further experimental evidence that consensus panel judgments are influenced both by panel composition and by the type of feedback which is given to participants during the panel process. Careful attention must be given to the methods used to conduct consensus panel studies, and methods need to be described in detail when such studies are reported. C1 Univ Manchester, Natl Primary Care Res & Dev Ctr, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Rand Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA USA. NR 22 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 1999 VL 37 IS 9 BP 964 EP 968 DI 10.1097/00005650-199909000-00012 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 235AA UT WOS:000082515500012 PM 10493474 ER PT J AU Song, CS Jung, MH Supakar, PC Chatterjee, B Roy, AK AF Song, CS Jung, MH Supakar, PC Chatterjee, B Roy, AK TI Negative regulation of the androgen receptor gene promoter by NFI and an adjacently located multiprotein-binding site SO MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR FACTOR-I; DNA-BINDING; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; EUKARYOTIC TRANSCRIPTION; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT-LIVER; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; ELEMENT AB The upstream promoter of the rat androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a strong negative regulatory region located at the -388 to -340 nucleotide position. The distal part (-388/-373) of this regulatory region binds NFI, a ubiquitous transcription factor, while the proximal portion (-372/-340) contains an overlapping binding site for two nuclear proteins. This composite regulatory region (-388/-340) was initially defined by deoxyribonuclease I footprinting as the continuous stretch of a nuclease-protected site. NFI specificity of the distal portion (-388/-373) of the footprint was established through cross-competition in electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) using the well characterized NFI element of the adenovirus major late promoter and by immunoreactivity to the NFI antibody. EMSA with oligonucleotide duplexes corresponding to the proximal domain (-372/-340) indicated multiple retarded bands with at least two major DNA-protein complexes. Further analysis with truncated oligonucleotide duplexes showed that these two major proteins bind to this domain in an overlapping manner. Within this overlapping area, the position spanning -359 to -347 is essential for the formation of either of these two complexes. Substitution of four G with T residues in the overlapping area totally abolished all protein binding at the downstream -372/-340 site. Point mutations that abolish specific binding at either the NFI or immediately downstream multiprotein-binding site caused about a 10-fold increase in AR promoter activity in transfected HepG2 cells. Double mutation involving both the NFI and proximal overlapping protein-binding sites failed to cause any additional increase in promoter function. From these results we conclude that the AR promoter contains a composite negative regulatory region at -388/-340, and the repressor function may involve a coordinate interaction between NFI and at least two other nuclear factors. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Roy, AK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-10486]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-14744] NR 48 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0888-8809 J9 MOL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Endocrinol. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1487 EP 1496 DI 10.1210/me.13.9.1487 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 230MZ UT WOS:000082256100005 PM 10478840 ER PT J AU Karkera, JD Zeng, J Jacobowitz, D Leonard, S Moses, T Detera-Wadleigh, SD AF Karkera, JD Zeng, J Jacobowitz, D Leonard, S Moses, T Detera-Wadleigh, SD TI Detection of candidate genes for bipolar disorder through differential display-PCR. SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIMH, Intramural Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 4 SU 1 MA 105 BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254FG UT WOS:000083600800205 ER PT J AU Tsuang, D Almqvist, EW Strgar, F DiGiacomo, L Hoff, D Eugenio, C Hayden, MR Bird, TD AF Tsuang, D Almqvist, EW Strgar, F DiGiacomo, L Hoff, D Eugenio, C Hayden, MR Bird, TD TI Familial aggregation of psychotic symptoms in Huntington's disease. SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div,Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med Genet, Seattle, WA USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Ctr Mol Med & Therapeut, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RI Hayden, Michael/D-8581-2011 OI Hayden, Michael/0000-0001-5159-1419 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 4 SU 1 MA 93 BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 254FG UT WOS:000083600800193 ER PT J AU Tomazin, R Boname, J Hegde, NR Lewinsohn, DM Altschuler, Y Jones, TR Cresswell, P Nelson, JA Riddell, SR Johnson, DC AF Tomazin, R Boname, J Hegde, NR Lewinsohn, DM Altschuler, Y Jones, TR Cresswell, P Nelson, JA Riddell, SR Johnson, DC TI Cytomegalovirus US2 destroys two components of the MHC class II pathway, preventing recognition by CD4(+) T cells SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; HEAVY-CHAINS; HLA-DM; EXPRESSION; GENE; DEGRADATION; PROTEASOME; LYMPHOCYTES AB Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that causes life-threatening disease in patients who are immunosuppressed for bone marrow or tissue transplantation or who have AIDS (ref. 1). HCMV establishes lifelong latent infections and, after periodic: reactivation from latency, uses a panel of immune evasion proteins to survive and replicate in the face of robust, fully primed host immunity(2,3). Monocyte/macrophages are important host cells for HCMV, serving as a latent reservoir and as a means of dissemination throughout the body(4). Macrophages and other HCMV-permissive cells, such as endothelial and glial cells, can express MHC class II proteins and present antigens to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Here, we show that the HCMV protein US2 causes degradation of two essential proteins in the MHC class II antigen presentation pathway: HLA-DR-c( and DM-a. This was unexpected, as US2 has been shown to cause degradation of MHC class I (refs. 5,6), which has only limited homology with class II proteins. Expression of US2 in cells reduced or abolished their ability to present antigen to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Thus, US2 may allow HCMV-infected macrophages to remain relatively 'invisible' to CD4+ T cells, a property that would be important after virus reactivation. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Wyeth Ayerst Res, Dept Biol Mol, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. Yale Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Immunobiol Sect, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RI ; Lewinsohn, David/I-4936-2013 OI Boname, Jessica/0000-0002-5149-5934; Lewinsohn, David/0000-0001-9906-9494 FU NEI NIH HHS [EY11245]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI24178, AI41754] NR 28 TC 180 Z9 185 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 5 IS 9 BP 1039 EP 1043 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 231XT UT WOS:000082337200038 PM 10470081 ER PT J AU Silberstein, S Merriam, G AF Silberstein, S Merriam, G TI Sex hormones and headache 1999 (menstrual migraine) SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Womens Health Initiatives - Management of Migraine and Epilepsy Throughout the Reproductive Cycle CY NOV 21, 1998 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Canadian League Against Epilepsy, Canadian Headache Soc ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PREMENSTRUAL TENSION SYNDROME; ESTROGEN-WITHDRAWAL MIGRAINE; ATTEMPTED PROPHYLAXIS; MELATONIN EXCRETION; FEMALE MIGRAINEURS; OVARIAN-STEROIDS; BETA-ENDORPHIN; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DURA MATER AB The normal female life cycle is associated with a number of hormonal milestones: menarche, pregnancy, contraceptive use, menopause, and the use of replacement sex hormones. All these events and interventions alter the levels and cycling of sex hormones and may cause a change in the prevalence or intensity of headache. The menstrual cycle is the result of a carefully orchestrated sequence of interactions among the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, and endometrium, with the sex hormones acting as modulators and effecters at each level. Estrogen and progestins have potent effects on central serotonergic and opioid neurons, modulating both neuronal activity and receptor density. The primary trigger of menstrual migraine appears to be the withdrawal of estrogen rather than the maintenance of sustained high or low estrogen levels. However, changes in the sustained estrogen levels with pregnancy (increased) and menopause (decreased) appear to affect headaches. Headaches that occur with premenstrual syndrome appear to be centrally generated, involving the inherent rhythm of CNS neurons, including perhaps the serotonergic pain-modulating systems. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound HCS, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Silberstein, S (reprint author), Jefferson Headache Ctr, 111 S 11th St,Suite 8130, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 113 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 SU 1 BP S3 EP S13 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 235MN UT WOS:000082545600002 PM 10487507 ER PT J AU Clark, RA AF Clark, RA TI Thematic review series VIII: Phagocyte antimicrobial systems - Introduction SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN PHYSICIANS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Clark, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI20866, R01 AI020866, R37 AI020866] NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1081-650X J9 P ASSOC AM PHYSICIAN JI Proc. Assoc. Am. Phys. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 111 IS 5 BP 371 EP 372 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 236KN UT WOS:000082598900001 PM 10519155 ER PT J AU Kilzieh, N Akiskal, HS AF Kilzieh, N Akiskal, HS TI Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder - An overview of research and clinical experience SO PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID MANIC-DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS; THYROID-FUNCTION; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; LITHIUM TREATMENT; ANTI-DEPRESSANTS; FAMILY HISTORY; LONG-TERM; VALPROATE; THERAPY; ANTIDEPRESSANTS AB Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD) has been recognized as a refractory course pattern of the illness in up to 20% of bipolar, especially type II, patients. Data are generally consistent in indicating that RCBD is more common in women. Familial bipolarity does not distinguish RCBD from other bipolar patients. This article reviews evidence of putative risk factors, such as antecedent cyclothymic temperament, borderline hypothyroidism, and exposure to antidepressant medications; however, de novo rapid-cycling in the absence of such factors also occurs. Clinicians are admonished to refrain from using antidepressants-with the possible exception of bupropion-and to maintain patients on mood stabilizer combinations of which valproate appears to be the most useful ingredient. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Serv, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Int Mood Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. San Diego VA Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Kilzieh, N (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Serv, Amer Lake Div, 116-MHC, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 111 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 9 U2 17 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0193-953X J9 PSYCHIAT CLIN N AM JI Psychiatr. Clin. North Amer. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 BP 585 EP + DI 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70097-6 PG 24 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 240LQ UT WOS:000082827800006 PM 10550857 ER PT J AU Holmes, WC Shea, JA AF Holmes, WC Shea, JA TI Two approaches to measuring quality of life in the HIV/AIDS population: HAT-QoL and MOS-HIV SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; human immunodeficiency virus; quality of life ID FORM HEALTH SURVEY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; OF-LIFE; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; SURVEY SF-36; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY; INSTRUMENT; TESTS; DISEASE AB Objectives: Reduce the number of HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL) items, assess psychometric performance of the shortened HAT-QoL, and compare psychometric performance of HAT-QoL to that of Medical Outcomes study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV). Design/Subjects: Convenience sample of 215 cross-sectionally studied seropositive individuals. Methods: Subjects completed the HAT-QoL, MOS-HIV, and sociodemographic and disease-specific questions. HAT-QoL and MOS-HIV responses were entered, separately, into principal components analysis (PCA). Results from PCA, internal consistency and correlation assessments were used to aid the item removal process. Dimension characteristics (e.g., score distributions, internal consistency, scaling success rates, intercorrelations, construct validity) were evaluated. Results: PCA of subjects' (80% male; 45% white; 62% gay/bisexual) responses revealed nine previously identified HAT-QoL dimensions. The measure was shortened by removing 12 items. Two HAT-QoL dimensions (HIV mastery and provider trust) had ceiling effects. All internal consistency coefficients were > 0.80, except those for sexual function (0.57) and medication concerns (0.57). HAT-QoL scaling success rates were > 90% for 7 of 9 dimensions, and a majority of dimensions showed minimal to low intercorrelations. Validity assessments indicated consistent, expected relationships (p less than or equal to 0.05) for all dimensions except the medication concerns and provider trust dimensions. PCA indicated five MOS-HIV factors. Six of the 11 previously defined MOS-HIV dimensions - physical, role, social, and cognitive function, pain, and health transition - had substantial ceiling effects. MOS-HIV scaling success rates were > 90% for only 2 out of 8 evaluable dimensions; three dimensions had very low (40-73%) scaling success rates. Most MOS-HIV dimensions were moderately-to-highly intercorrelated. Validity assessments indicated consistent, expected relationships for all MOS-HIV dimensions. Conclusions: Six dimensions of the shortened HAT-QoL instrument (overall function, disclosure worries, health worries, financial worries, HIV mastery, and life satisfaction) exhibited good psychometric properties, including limited ceiling effects, low dimension intercorrelations, high internal consistency, and evidence for construct validity. All multi-item MOS-HIV dimensions had high internal consistency and all dimensions revealed consistent evidence for construct validity. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Holmes, WC (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 733 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 35 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 8 IS 6 BP 515 EP 527 DI 10.1023/A:1008931006866 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 235XA UT WOS:000082567700006 PM 10548867 ER PT J AU Mar, C Bent, S AF Mar, C Bent, S TI Clinical evidence - An evidence-based review of the to most commonly used herbs SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; ALOE-VERA EXTRACT; DOUBLE-BLIND; GINKGO-BILOBA; CONTROLLED TRIAL; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN; HYDROPHILIC CREAM; SIBERIAN GINSENG; GARLIC POWDER; PLASMA-LIPIDS C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, Div Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Bent, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, Div Internal Med, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 41 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD SEP PY 1999 VL 171 IS 3 BP 168 EP 171 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 248RP UT WOS:000083289400015 PM 10560291 ER PT J AU Jang, YC Arumugam, S Gibran, NS Isik, FF AF Jang, YC Arumugam, S Gibran, NS Isik, FF TI Role of alpha(v) integrins and angiogenesis during wound repair SO WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION LA English DT Article ID FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; BLOOD-VESSELS; EXPRESSION; CELLS AB Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels, is thought to be critical for wound repair. Yet few studies have critically examined dermal wound repair in a system in which angiogenesis was impaired. Since alpha(v)-containing integrins are critical for angiogenesis, we administered either an alpha(v) integrin blocking antibody or cyclic arg-gly-asp peptide into a murine excisional wound model to restrict wound angiogenesis. Although both methods markedly decreased wound angiogenesis, decreased angiogenesis had no significant effect on wound epithelization, contraction, or ultimate wound closure. These results suggest that if other cellular components of wound healing are intact, moderate impairment of angiogenesis alone does not necessarily retard normal wound healing. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Isik, FF (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, 112,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01-GM57426] NR 24 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1067-1927 J9 WOUND REPAIR REGEN JI Wound Repair Regen. PD SEP-OCT PY 1999 VL 7 IS 5 BP 375 EP 380 DI 10.1046/j.1524-475X.1999.00375.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Surgery SC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Surgery GA 250QE UT WOS:000083398400007 PM 10564566 ER PT J AU Hallen, S Branden, M Dawson, PA Sachs, G AF Hallen, S Branden, M Dawson, PA Sachs, G TI Membrane insertion scanning of the human ileal sodium/bile acid co-transporter SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO TRANSLATION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; TOPOLOGY PREDICTION; EXPRESSION CLONING; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCES; SEGMENTS; ATPASE; GENE AB Mammalian sodium-dependent bile acid transporters (SBATs) responsible for bile salt uptake across the liver sinusoidal or ileal/renal brush border membrane have been identified and share approximately 35% amino acid sequence identity. Programs for prediction of topology and localization of transmembrane helices identify eight or nine hydrophobic regions for the SEAT sequences as membrane spanning. Analysis of N-linked glycosylation has provided evidence for an exoplasmic N-terminus and a cytoplasmic C-terminus, indicative of an odd number of transmembrane segments. To determine the membrane topography of the human ileal SEAT (HISBAT), an in vitro translation/translocation protocol was employed using three different fusion protein constructs. Individual HISBAT segments were analyzed for signal anchor or stop translocation (stop transfer) activity by insertion between a cytoplasmic anchor (HK M0) or a signal anchor segment (HK M1) and a glycosylation flag (HK beta). To examine consecutive HISBAT sequences, sequential hydrophobic sequences were inserted into the HK MO vector or fusion vectors were made that included the glycosylated N-terminus of HISBAT, sequential hydrophobic sequences, and the glycosylation flag. Individual signal anchor (SA) and stop transfer (ST) properties were found for seven out of the nine predicted hydrophobic segments (H1, H2, H4, H5, H6, H7, and H9), supporting a seven transmembrane segment model. However, the H3 region was membrane inserted when translated in the context of the native HISBAT flanking sequences. Furthermore, results from translations of sequential constructs ending after H7 provided support for integration of H8, These data provide support for a SEAT transmembrane domain model with nine integrated segments with an exoplasmic N-terminus and a cytoplasmic C-terminus consistent with a recent predictive analysis of this transporter topology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Wadsworth Vet Adm Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Membrane Biol Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK53462, R01 DK047987, DK41301, DK46917] NR 32 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 31 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 35 BP 11379 EP 11388 DI 10.1021/bi990554i PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 235AG UT WOS:000082516100018 PM 10471288 ER PT J AU Norton, JA Fraker, DL Alexander, HR Venzon, DJ Doppman, JL Serrano, J Goebel, SU Peghini, PL Roy, PK Gibril, F Jensen, RT AF Norton, JA Fraker, DL Alexander, HR Venzon, DJ Doppman, JL Serrano, J Goebel, SU Peghini, PL Roy, PK Gibril, F Jensen, RT TI Surgery to cure the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOMATOSTATIN RECEPTOR SCINTIGRAPHY; ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE-1; DUODENAL GASTRINOMAS; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; PROVOCATIVE TESTS; LONG-TERM; RESECTION; LOCALIZATION; SECRETIN; EXCISION AB Background and Methods The role of surgery in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is controversial. To determine the efficacy of surgery in patients with this syndrome, we followed 151 consecutive patients who underwent laparotomy between 1981 and 1998. Of these patients, 123 had sporadic gastrinomas and 28 had multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with an imaged tumor of at least 3 cm in diameter. Tumor-localization studies and functional localization studies were performed routinely. All patients underwent surgery according to a similar operative protocol, and all patients who had surgery after 1986 underwent duodenotomy. Results The 151 patients underwent 180 exploratory operations. The mean (+/-SD) follow-up after the first operation was 8+/-4 years. Gastrinomas were found in 140 of the patients (93 percent), including all of the last 81 patients to undergo surgery. The tumors were located in the duodenum in 74 patients (49 percent) and in the pancreas in 36 patients (24 percent); however, primary tumors were found in lymph nodes in 17 patients (11 percent) and in another location in 13 patients (9 percent). The primary location was unknown in 24 patients (16 percent). Among the patients with sporadic gastrinomas, 34 percent were free of disease at 10 years, as compared with none of the patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. The overall 10-year survival rate was 94 percent. Conclusions All patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome who do not have multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or metastatic disease should be offered surgical exploration for possible cure. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:635-44.) (C) 1999, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 NIDDK, NIH, Digest Dis Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. NCI, Surg Metab Sect, Surg Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Biostat & Data Management Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Jensen, RT (reprint author), NIDDK, NIH, Digest Dis Branch, Bldg 10,Rm 9C-103,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1804, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Venzon, David/B-3078-2008 NR 40 TC 273 Z9 281 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 26 PY 1999 VL 341 IS 9 BP 635 EP 644 DI 10.1056/NEJM199908263410902 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 229JY UT WOS:000082192500002 PM 10460814 ER PT J AU Sokolov, Y Mirzabekov, T Martin, DW Lehrer, RI Kagan, BL AF Sokolov, Y Mirzabekov, T Martin, DW Lehrer, RI Kagan, BL TI Membrane channel formation by antimicrobial protegrins SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial peptide; lipopolysaccharide; membrane channel; protegrin ID PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYER MEMBRANES; DEFENSINS; PEPTIDES; PERMEABILIZATION; TACHYPLESINS; MECHANISMS; PORES AB Protegrins are small, arginine- and cysteine-rich, beta-sheet peptides with potent activity against bacteria, fungi, and certain enveloped viruses. We report that protegrins form weakly anion-selective channels in planar phospholipid bilayers, induce potassium leakage from liposomes and form moderately cation-selective channels in planar lipid membranes that contain bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The disruption of microbial membranes may be a central attribute related to the host defense properties of protegrins. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mental Retardat Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kagan, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Suite 67-468 NPI,750 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 22839, AI 37945]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 01174] NR 22 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD AUG 20 PY 1999 VL 1420 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1016/S0005-2736(99)00086-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 231EV UT WOS:000082295900003 PM 10446287 ER PT J AU Jagadeeswaran, P Sheehan, JP AF Jagadeeswaran, P Sheehan, JP TI Analysis of blood coagulation in the zebrafish SO BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES LA English DT Article DE zebrafish; blood coagulation; animal-model; hemostasis; anticoagulation ID INHERITED THROMBOPHILIA; MODEL; THROMBIN; PROTHROMBIN; HEMOSTASIS; EMBRYOS; CDNAS AB The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a unique animal model in which saturation mutagenesis has been used to identify genes involved in vertebrate development. The relevance of the zebrafish as a genetic model for hemostasis depends, in large part, on the degree of similarity between the zebrafish and mammalian systems. The diminutive size of the zebrafish poses technical problems for analysis of coagulation. This study describes methods to obtain citrated whole blood and plasma fi om the zebrafish, analyze in vitro coagulation in small plasma volumes, obtain uniform dosing of zebrafish with oral anticoagulants, and demonstrate specific factor activities via chromogenic assays. Analysis of the zebrafish system demonstrates the presence of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation, evidence for prothrombin, factor X, protein C, antithrombin, and heparin cofactor IJ activity, and a requirement for vitamin K dependent gamma-carboxylation of zebrafish hemostatic proteins. Induction of a morphologically recognizable bleeding phenotype by warfarin treatment is also demonstrated. Characterization of zebrafish coagulation provides evidence that major hemostatic pathways are conserved between zebrafish and man. These similarities indicate that the zebrafish is a relevant genetic model for identification of novel genes involved in hemostasis and thrombosis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Jagadeeswaran, P (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 02923]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 53373] NR 19 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1079-9796 J9 BLOOD CELL MOL DIS JI Blood Cells Mol. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 1999 VL 25 IS 15 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1006/bcmd.1999.0249 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 228WA UT WOS:000082157800003 PM 10575549 ER PT J AU Hirakura, Y Lin, MC Kagan, BL AF Hirakura, Y Lin, MC Kagan, BL TI Alzheimer amyloid A beta 1-42 channels: Effects of solvent, pH, and congo red SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE membranes; bilayers; aggregation; pores ID BETA-PROTEIN; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; CALCIUM CHANNELS; CELL-DEATH; DISEASE; PEPTIDES; NEUROTOXICITY; AGGREGATION; FRAGMENT; PLAQUES AB Substantial genetic and biochemical evidence implicates amyloid peptides (A beta) int the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Recent evidence indicates that A beta 1-42 is the predominant species in the hallmark senile amyloid plaque of AD, Furthermore, A beta 1-42 forms aggregates inside lysosomes of cultured neurons leading to lysosomal disruption and cell death, We report here that A beta 1-42 forms slightly cation selective, voltage-independent ion channels with multiple conductance levels at neurotoxic concentrations in planar bilayer membranes. The channels show substantial irregularity of activity, and the size of conductances and the length of open lifetimes depend on solvent history, Formation of channels requires anionic lipids, is enhanced in acidic solutions, and is inhibited by Congo Red. These properties suggest that the channels are formed by aggregates of A beta 1-42, In addition, the channels are reversibly blocked by zinc in a voltage-independent manner. The properties of these channels would likely render them neurotoxic to relevant neurons in vivo. These results are consistent with the channel hypothesis of A beta neurotoxicity. Published 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci,Mental Retardat Res Ctr, Inst Neuropsychiat,Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kagan, BL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH01174] NR 40 TC 108 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1999 VL 57 IS 4 BP 458 EP 466 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990815)57:4<458::AID-JNR5>3.0.CO;2-4 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 223LA UT WOS:000081841500005 PM 10440895 ER PT J AU Francis, A Raabe, TD Wen, DZ DeVries, GH AF Francis, A Raabe, TD Wen, DZ DeVries, GH TI Neuregulins and ErbB receptors in cultured neonatal astrocytes SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE growth factor; autocrine; neuregulin; astrocyte; erbB receptor ID NEU DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; SECRETE NEUREGULINS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SCHWANN-CELLS; GLIAL-CELLS; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; BRAIN AB Neuregulins (NRGs) are a family of growth factors involved in signaling between neurons and glial cells of the peripheral and central nervous system, NRGs are synthesized and secreted by a number of cell types including Schwann cells, neurons, and oligodendrocytes, NRG transduction signals are mediated by the erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, These NRGs may be important for paracrine or autocrine signaling during development, injury, and the normal functioning of the central nervous system. In this study, we characterize the NRGs and erbB receptors expressed by cultured neonatal rat astrocytes, Using immunoblotting protocols With pan-specific antibodies, we identified eleven NRG molecular weight isoforms from approximately 16 kDa to 105 kDa in cultured neonatal rat astrocytes, Immunocyotchemistry with isoform-specific antibodies revealed the expression of both major isoform families (NRG alpha, NRG beta), Additionally, astrocyte-conditioned media contained two molecular weight isoforms of NRGs, We detected mRNA expression of NRG alpha and NRG beta in astrocytes by amplifying mRNA transcripts with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, we confirm that cultured astrocytes express all four erbB receptors as detected by immunocytochemical and immunoblotting techniques, These data indicate that astrocytes contain and secrete NRGs. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss,Inc. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Res Serv 151, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Cell Biol Neurobiol & Anat, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Grad Program Neurosci, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. St Marys Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. RP DeVries, GH (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Res Serv 151, Roosevelt Rd & 5th Ave, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1999 VL 57 IS 4 BP 487 EP 494 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990815)57:4<487::AID-JNR8>3.0.CO;2-W PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 223LA UT WOS:000081841500008 PM 10440898 ER PT J AU Klingenspor, M Xu, P Cohen, RD Welch, C Reue, K AF Klingenspor, M Xu, P Cohen, RD Welch, C Reue, K TI Altered gene expression pattern in the fatty liver dystrophy mouse reveals impaired insulin-mediated cytoskeleton dynamics SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID REPRESENTATIONAL DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; FLD MUTATION; RAT ADIPOCYTES; MUTANT MOUSE; ACTIN; BINDING; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION AB The mouse fatty liver dystrophy (fld) mutation is characterized by transient hypertriglyceridemia and fatty liver during the neonatal period, followed by development of a peripheral neuropathy, To uncover the metabolic pathway that is disrupted by the fld mutation, we analyzed the altered pattern of gene expression in the fatty liver of fld neonates by representational difference analysis of cDNk Differentially expressed genes detected include a novel member of the Ras superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins, a novel Ser/Thr kinase, and several actin cytoskeleton-associated proteins including actin, profilin, alpha-actinin, and myosin light chain. Because these proteins have a potential functional link in the propagation of hormone signals, we investigated cytoskeleton dynamics in fld cells in response to hormone treatment. These studies revealed that preadipocytes from fld mice exhibit impaired formation of actin membrane ruffles in response to insulin treatment, These findings suggest that the altered mRNA expression levels detected in fld tissue represent a compensatory response for the nonfunctional fld gene and that the fld gene product may be required for development of normal insulin response. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA. RP Reue, K (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 312, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Klingenspor, Martin/D-6930-2011 OI Klingenspor, Martin/0000-0002-4502-6664 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 39 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 13 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 33 BP 23078 EP 23084 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23078 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 226GV UT WOS:000082012800026 PM 10438476 ER PT J AU Zuckerman, JB Chen, XY Jacobs, JD Hu, BF Kleyman, TR Smith, PR AF Zuckerman, JB Chen, XY Jacobs, JD Hu, BF Kleyman, TR Smith, PR TI Association of the epithelial sodium channel with Apx and alpha-spectrin in A6 renal epithelial cells SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NA+ CHANNEL; LIDDLES-SYNDROME; APICAL MEMBRANE; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; BETA-SUBUNIT; K+ CHANNEL; STOICHIOMETRY; CYTOSKELETON; PROTEIN; NA+,K+-ATPASE AB Recent molecular cloning of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) provides the opportunity to identify ENaC-associated proteins that function in regulating its cell surface expression and activity. We have examined whether ENaC is associated with Apr (apical protein Xenopus) and the spectrin-based membrane cytoskeleton in Xenopus A6 renal epithelial cells. We have also addressed whether Apr is required for the expression of amiloride-sensitive Na+ currents by cloned ENaC, Sucrose density gradient centrifugation of A6 cell detergent extracts showed co-sedimentation of xENaC, alpha-spectrin, and Apr. Immunoblot analysis of proteins co-immunoprecipitating under high stringency conditions from peak Xenopus ENaC/Apx-containing gradient fractions indicate that ENaC, Apr, and alpha-spectrin are associated in a macromolecular complex. To examine whether Apr is required for the functional expression of ENaC, alpha beta gamma mENaC cRNAs were coinjected into Xenopus oocytes with Apr sense or antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. The two-electrode voltage clamp technique showed there was a marked reduction in amiloride-sensitive current in oocytes coinjected with antisense oligonucleotides when to compared with oocytes coinjected with sense oligonucleotides. These studies indicate that ENaC is associated in a macromolecular complex with Apr and alpha-spectrin in A6 cells and suggest that Apr is required for the functional expression of ENaC in Xenopus epithelia. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19129 USA. RP Smith, PR (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol & Biophys, 1918 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. OI Zuckerman, Jonathan/0000-0002-8190-9210 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 51391, DK 46705, DK 59596] NR 45 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 13 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 33 BP 23286 EP 23295 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23286 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 226GV UT WOS:000082012800054 PM 10438504 ER PT J AU Teerlink, JR Massie, BM AF Teerlink, JR Massie, BM TI The interaction of ACE inhibitors and aspirin in heart failure: Torn between two lovers SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ACETYLSALICYLIC-ACID; RENAL-FUNCTION; ENALAPRIL; RAMIPRILAT; SURVIVAL; REDUCTION; DISEASE; TRIAL C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Teerlink, JR (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 111C,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Teerlink, John/D-2986-2012 NR 33 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 138 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70099-2 PN 1 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 224WD UT WOS:000081922200002 PM 10426826 ER PT J AU Dominitz, JA Provenzale, D AF Dominitz, JA Provenzale, D TI Prevalence of dyspepsia, heartburn, and peptic ulcer disease in veterans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 61st Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY OCT 21-23, 1996 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol ID FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS; CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR; COST-BENEFIT-ANALYSIS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; HEALTH-CARE; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; BOWEL DYSFUNCTION; NON-CONSULTERS; UNITED-STATES AB OBJECTIVE: Medications used to treat gastrointestinal symptoms account for a substantial share of pharmacy expenses for veterans affairs medical centers. Prior studies have shown that the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is higher in veterans than in nonveterans. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms among patients seeking health care in the Department of Veterans Affairs outpatient clinics. METHODS: A total of 1582 veterans completed a previously validated bowel symptom questionnaire in the following clinics: gastroenterology (n = 693), walk-in (n = 403), general medicine (n = 379), and women's health (n = 107). RESULTS: Overall response was 78%. Dyspepsia was reported in 30%, 37%, 44%, and 53% of patients in general medicine, walk-in, women's health, and gastroenterology clinics, respectively. Heartburn, at least weekly, was reported in 21%, 21%, 28%, and 40% of patients in general medicine, walk-in, women's health, and gastroenterology clinics, respectively. Prior peptic ulcer disease (PUD) was reported in 29%, 26%, 22%, and 44% of patients in general medicine, walk-in, women's health, and gastroenterology clinics, respectively. Dyspepsia, heartburn, and PUD were significantly associated with increased physician visits and lower general health. CONCLUSIONS: Dyspepsia and heartburn are common symptoms among veterans. Lifetime prevalence of PUD is high among veterans. Gastrointestinal symptoms have a significant impact on health care utilization and general health. These prevalence estimates provide a basis for studies of resource utilization and for cost-effectiveness analyses of the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in the veteran population. Moreover, the high prevalence of symptoms helps to explain the high utilization of gastrointestinal medications. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:2086-2093. (C) 1999 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology). C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div 111GI, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Dominitz, JA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div 111GI, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Dominitz, Jason/0000-0002-8070-7086 NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 94 IS 8 BP 2086 EP 2093 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 223YJ UT WOS:000081868900015 PM 10445532 ER PT J AU Sachdev, GP Ohlrogge, KD Johnson, CL AF Sachdev, GP Ohlrogge, KD Johnson, CL TI Review of the Fifth American College of Chest Physicians Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy: Outpatient management for adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Review DE American College of Chest Physicians; anticoagulants; dosage; dosage schedules; hemorrhage; International Normalized Ratio; patients; protocols; surgery; thrombophlebitis; thrombosis; toxicity; warfarin ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PROSTHETIC VALVE ENDOCARDITIS; INTRAVENOUS UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN; NONRHEUMATIC ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; ORAL ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; RECURRENT THROMBOEMBOLISM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIFFERENT INTENSITIES; WARFARIN THERAPY AB The recommendations of the Fifth American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy are reviewed, with a focus on outpatient anticoagulation management in adults. Numerous therapeutic recommendations have changed since the Fourth ACCP Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy. The system of grading recommendations has been modified to emphasize clinically important differences and to take into account the benefit-risk ratio of each treatment option. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) goal is now expressed as a specific target value within a range rather than simply an MR range. The recommendations of the fifth conference cover initiation of warfarin therapy, hemorrhagic complications, management of excessive anticoagulation, interruption of warfarin therapy for patients requiring surgery, nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, mechanical and biological prosthetic heart valves, coronary artery disease, saphenous vein and internal mammary artery bypass grafts, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, prevention of venous thromboembolism, treatment of venous thromboembolism, stroke prevention in patients with cerebrovascular disease, and pregnancy. Since the fourth consensus conference, new anticoagulation therapies and indications have emerged; the recommendations of the Fifth ACCP Consensus Conference on Antithrombotic Therapy have provided practitioners with a resource of immense value. C1 Clement J Zablocki Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Rockford Vet Affairs Primary Care Clin, Madison, WI USA. Good Samaritan Hosp, Dayton, OH USA. RP Ohlrogge, KD (reprint author), Clement J Zablocki Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 5000 W Natl Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. NR 61 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD AUG 1 PY 1999 VL 56 IS 15 BP 1505 EP 1514 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 226DR UT WOS:000082005500013 PM 10478987 ER PT J AU Asch, DA Faber-Langendoen, K Shea, JA Christakis, NA AF Asch, DA Faber-Langendoen, K Shea, JA Christakis, NA TI The sequence of withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; PHYSICIANS; SUPPORT; EUTHANASIA; ATTITUDES; CARE; PREFER; ILL AB PURPOSE: To describe the observed sequence of withdrawal of eight different forms of life-sustaining treatment and to determine whether aspects of those treatments determine the order of withdrawal. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We observed 211 consecutive patients dying in four midwestern US hospitals from whom at least one of eight specific life-sustaining treatments was or could have been withdrawn. We used a parametric statistical technique to explain the order of withdrawal based on selected characteristics of the forms of life support, including cost, scarcity, and discomfort. RESULTS: The eight forms of life support were withdrawn in a distinct sequence. From earliest to latest, the order was blood products, hemodialysis, vasopressors, mechanical ventilation, total parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and tube feedings (P <0.0001). The sequence was almost identical to that observed in a previous study based on hypothetical scenarios. Forms of life support that were perceived as more artificial, scarce, or expensive were withdrawn earlier. CONCLUSION: The preference for withdrawing some forms of life-sustaining treatments more than others is associated with intrinsic characteristics of these treatments. Once the decision has been made to forgo life-sustaining treatment, the process remains complex and appears to target many different goals simultaneously. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Program Bioeth, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Univ Chicago, Gen Internal Med Sect, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Sociol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Christakis, Nicholas/B-6690-2008; Christakis, Nicholas/C-3205-2009 NR 21 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 107 IS 2 BP 153 EP 156 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00198-9 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 225EE UT WOS:000081944800009 PM 10460047 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Nastaskin, I Kaunitz, JD TI Acid-sensing pathways of rat duodenum SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE laser-Doppler flowmetry; vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor; capsazepine; bradykinin; indomethacin ID GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; INDUCED MESENTERIC HYPEREMIA; SENSITIVE SENSORY NERVES; GATED CATION CHANNEL; GUINEA-PIG HEART; LOW PH; CAPSAICIN-RECEPTOR; RUTHENIUM RED; VANILLOID RECEPTOR; INDUCED RELEASE AB We tested the hypothesis that the duodenal hyperemic response to acid occurs through activation of capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves with subsequent release of vasodilatory substances such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and nitric oxide (NO). Laser-Doppler flowmetry was used to measure duodenal blood flow in urethan-anesthetized rats. Duodenal mucosa was superfused with pH 7.0 buffer with capsaicin or bradykinin or was acid challenged with pH 2.2 solution, with or without vanilloid receptor antagonists, a CGRP receptor antagonist, an NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, or a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The selective vanilloid receptor antagonist capsazepine (CPZ) dose dependently inhibited the hyperemic response to acid and capsaicin but did not affect bradykinin-induced hyperemia. Ruthenium red was less inhibitory than capsazepine. Selective ablation of capsaicin-sensitive nerves, CGRP-(8-37), and N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester inhibited acid-induced hyperemia, but indomethacin did not. We conclude that luminal acid, but not bradykinin, stimulates CPZ-sensitive receptors on capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves of rat duodenum. Activation of these receptors produces vasodilation via the CGRP-NO pathway but not via the cyclooxygenase pathway. Acid appears to be the endogenous ligand for duodenal vanilloid receptors. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kaunitz, JD (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bldg 114,Ste 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM jake@ucla.edu NR 45 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 277 IS 2 BP G268 EP G274 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 224WB UT WOS:000081922000003 PM 10444439 ER PT J AU Batra, RK Guttridge, DC Brenner, DA Dubinett, SM Baldwin, AS Boucher, RC AF Batra, RK Guttridge, DC Brenner, DA Dubinett, SM Baldwin, AS Boucher, RC TI I kappa B alpha gene transfer is cytotoxic to squamous-cell lung cancer cells and sensitizes them to tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated cell death SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADENOVIRAL VECTOR; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; EARLY REGION-1; ACTIVATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL; PROTEOLYSIS; THERAPY; PROTEIN; FAMILY AB Current paradigms in cancer therapy suggest that activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) by a variety of stimuli, including some cytoreductive agents, may inhibit apoptosis. Thus, inhibiting NF-kappa B activation may sensitize cells to anticancer therapy. thereby providing a more effective treatment for certain cancers. E-1-deleted adenoviral (Ad) vectors encoding a "superrepressor" form of the NF-kappa B inhibitor I kappa B alpha (AdI kappa B alpha SR) or beta-galactosidase (AdLacZ) were tested alone and in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in lune cancer cells for sensitization of the cells to death. Following transduction with AdI kappa B alpha SR, lung cancer cells expressed I kappa B alpha SR in a dose-dependent manner. Probing nuclear extracts of lung cancer cells with NF-kappa B-sequence-specifc oligonucleotides indicated that there was a minimal amount of NF-kappa B in the nucleus at baseline and an expected and dramatic increase in nuclear NF-kappa B following exposure of cells to TNF-alpha. Control E-1-deleted AdLacZ did not promote NF-kappa B activation. Importantly, AdI kappa B alpha SR-mediated gene transfer resulted in the complete block of nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B by specific binding of its p65/relA component with transgenic I kappa B alpha SR. At the cellular level, transduction with AdI kappa B alpha SR resulted in increased cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells as opposed to transduction with equivalent doses of AdLacZ. In addition. whereas the parental cells were resistant to TNF-alpha-mediated cytotoxicity, I kappa B alpha SR-transduced cells could be sensitized to TNF-alpha. Consequently, AdI kappa B alpha SR transduction followed by exposure to TNF-alpha uniformly resulted in the death of non-small-cell lung cancer cells. These data suggest that novel approaches incorporating I kappa B alpha. gene therapy may have a role in the treatment of lung cancer. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Wadsworth Pulm Immunol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Cyst Fibrosis Pulm Res & Treatment Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Batra, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, 111Q,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA078654-01A1, R01-CA72771]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL51818] NR 46 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 238 EP 245 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 227JF UT WOS:000082076800015 PM 10423407 ER PT J AU Hoch, JR Kennell, TW Hollister, MS Sproat, IA Swan, JS Acher, CW Burks, J Heisey, DM AF Hoch, JR Kennell, TW Hollister, MS Sproat, IA Swan, JS Acher, CW Burks, J Heisey, DM TI Comparison of treatment plans for lower extremity arterial occlusive disease made with electrocardiography-triggered two-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography and digital subtraction angiography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Clinical-Vascular-Surgery CY MAR 24-28, 1999 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FLORIDA SP Soc Clin Vasc Surg ID DISTAL LOWER-EXTREMITY; MR-ANGIOGRAPHY; ARTERIOGRAPHY; SURGERY AB BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to determine whether preoperative treatment plans for patients with lower extremity ischemia can be made with electrocardiography (EKG)-triggered two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) as accurately as digital subtraction angiography (DSA). METHODS: Forty patients were prospectively evaluated with the combination of EKG-triggered 2D TOF MRA, DSA, and pulse volume recordings. Blinded reviewers graded arterial segments for disease severity. Accuracy of separate MRA- and DSA-based treatment plans was compared with the procedures performed based on all available information. RESULTS: There was an 86% exact match between MRA- and DSA-based plans (92% MRA and 94% DSA accuracy). The MRA-based plan accurately predicted 90% of suprainguinal and 95% of infrainguinal procedures, whereas the DSA-based plan accurately predicted 100% of suprainguinal and 85% of infrainguinal procedures. Two-year primary patency was 83% for all procedures. Radiologists' review of disease severity resulted in a mean exact correlation between studies of 81% (kappa = 0.64). The agreement between radiologists interpreting the MRA was 84% (kappa = 0.7) compared with 82% (kappa = 0.66) for the DSA. CONCLUSIONS: MRA- and DSA-based preoperative management plans were of comparable efficacy. Significant interobserver variability was seen with the interpretations of both preoperative studies. EKG-triggered 2D TOF MRA can be used to plan arterial reconstructions; however, all patients require arterial pressure measurements prior to suprainguinal repair and confirmatory intraoperative angiography during infrainguinal revascularization. Am J Surg. 1999;178:166-173. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Surg, Vasc Surg Sect, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Radiol, Vasc Surg Sect, Madison, WI USA. RP Hoch, JR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, H4-730 Clin Sci Ctr,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 178 IS 2 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)00158-0 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 231DG UT WOS:000082292400018 PM 10487272 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hudes, ES AF Simon, JA Hudes, ES TI Serum ascorbic acid and cardiovascular disease prevalence in US adults: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; ascorbic acid; coronary disease; stroke ID VITAMIN-C STATUS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ETHANOL-METABOLISM; E CONSUMPTION; AORTIC RINGS; PLASMA; RISK AB PURPOSE: To examine the relation between serum ascorbic acid concentration, which reflects dietary and supplement intake, and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We analyzed data from 7658 men and women enrolled in thr Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). We calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the relative prevalence of cardiovascular disease, defined as self-reported angina, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Because we detected an interaction between serum ascorbic acid concentration and alcohol intake, we performed analyses stratified by drinking status. RESULTS: Among participants who reported no alcohol consumption, serum ascorbic acid concentrations were not independently associated with cardiovascular disease prevalence. Among participants. who consumed alcohol, serum ascorbic acid concentrations consistent with tissue saturation (1.0-3.0 mg/dl) were associated with a decreased prevalence of angina (multivariate odds ratio (OR): 0.48; 95% CI: 0.23% to 1.03; p for trend = 0.06), but were not significantly associated with myocardial infarction or stroke prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the possibility of a biologic interaction between ascorbic acid and alcohol and that higher intakes of ascorbic acid may be associated with a decreased risk of angina among drinkers. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53479] NR 50 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 9 IS 6 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(99)00008-3 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 229GZ UT WOS:000082186300005 PM 10475535 ER PT J AU Kao, GD Devine, P Mirza, N AF Kao, GD Devine, P Mirza, N TI Oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients - Acute response to radiation therapy SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 INFECTION; PROGNOSIS; AIDS AB Background: The survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved considerably with modern medical management. However, there remains surprisingly little information on treating head and neck neoplasms in HIV-positive patients. Objective: To report our recent experience treating oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors in HIV-positive patients. Design and Patients: Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 8 HIV-positive patients with Kaposi sarcoma (KS), lymphoma, or squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity or oropharynx who were consecutively treated during a single year with radiation therapy at a tertiary care referral center. Length of follow-up was at least 2 years (mean, 2.5 years). Results: All patients had partial and complete responses to treatment lasting until the last follow-up. However, we found that treatment was considerably better tolerated by patients with non-KS tumors, with fewer acute reactions and significantly less weight loss, despite larger treatment volumes and higher radiation doses, compared with patients with KS. Patients with non-KS tumors received a mean radiation dose of 62.6 Gy to 2636 cm(3), yet lost only a mean of 0.1 kg in weight, whereas patients with KS were treated with a mean radiation dose of 19 Gy to a mean volume of 568 cm(3), but lost a mean of 5.8 kg during treatment (P =.005) and on average sustained an additional grade of severity on a standard scale of mucosal reaction (P =.01). Conclusions: Oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors in HIV-positive patients respond to radiation therapy, but there is a marked difference in the degree of acute reactions to treatment between patients with and without KS. Infection with HIV is not a contraindication when aggressive radiation therapy is needed in select patients. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Head & Neck Surg, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Kao, GD (reprint author), Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, 2 Donner,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 125 IS 8 BP 873 EP 876 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 224LV UT WOS:000081901300007 PM 10448734 ER PT J AU Bursell, JP Little, JW Stiens, SA AF Bursell, JP Little, JW Stiens, SA TI Electrodiagnosis in spinal cord injured persons with new weakness or sensory loss: Central and peripheral etiologies SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Physical-Medicine-and-Rehabilitation CY OCT-NOV -, 1995 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Acad Phys Med & Rehabilitat ID POSTTRAUMATIC SYRINGOMYELIA; CYSTIC MYELOPATHY; UPPER EXTREMITY; QUADRIPLEGIA; PARAPLEGIA AB Objective: To assess the prevalence and causes of late neurologic decline of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Retrospective review of persons with SCI over a 9-year period. Those with complaints of new weakness or sensory loss were grouped into three categories based on clinical examination, electrodiagnosis, and imaging: (1) central pathology (ie, brain, spinal cord, or nerve root); (2) peripheral pathology (plexus or peripheral nerve); or (3) no identifiable etiology. The specific diagnoses of late neurologic decline were identified. Setting: Regional Veterans Affairs Spinal Cord Injury Service. Patients: Five hundred two inpatient and outpatient adults with SCI. Results: Nineteen percent of the study population complained of new weakness and/or sensory loss. Neurologic abnormalities were noted in 13.5%, 7.2% with central and 6.4% with peripheral causes. The most common pathologies were posttraumatic syringomyelia (2.4%) and cervical (1.6%) and lumbosacral (1.2%) myelopathy/radiculopathy. A specific etiology was not determined in 6 cases (1.6%). Peripheral involvement was mostly from ulnar nerve entrapment (3.4%) and carpal tunnel syndrome (3.0%). Conclusions: Late-onset neurologic decline is common after SCI and can result from central or peripheral pathology. Regular neurologic monitoring of SCI patients is recommended, since many with neurologic decline respond favorably if diagnosed and treated early. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Spinal Cord Injury Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bursell, JP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Spinal Cord Injury Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 80 IS 8 BP 904 EP 909 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90081-3 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 224VB UT WOS:000081919700007 PM 10453766 ER PT J AU Boninger, ML Cooper, RA Baldwin, MA Shimada, SD Koontz, A AF Boninger, ML Cooper, RA Baldwin, MA Shimada, SD Koontz, A TI Wheelchair Pushrim kinetics: Body weight and median nerve function SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; SPINAL-CORD INJURIES; RISK-FACTORS; UPPER EXTREMITY; PROPULSION; PREVALENCE; ENTRAPMENTS; CONDUCTION; DYNAMICS; FORCES AB Objectives: Individuals who use manual wheelchairs are at high risk for median nerve injury and subsequent carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), To gain a better understanding of the mechanism behind CTS in manual wheelchair users, this study examined the relation between (1) pushrim biomechanics and function of the median nerve, (2) pushrim biomechanics and subject characteristics, and (3) median nerve function and subject characteristics. Design: Case series. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory and an electromyography laboratory. Participants: Thirty-four randomly recruited individuals with paraplegia who use a manual wheelchair for mobility. Intervention: Subjects propelled their own wheelchair on a dynamometer at 0.9m/sec and 1.8m/sec. Bilateral biomechanical data were obtained using a force- and moment-sensing pushrim and a motion analysis system, Bilateral nerve conduction studies focusing on the median nerve were also completed. Main Outcome Measures: Pearson's correlation coefficients between subject characteristics, median nerve conduction studies, and propulsion biomechanics; a regression model of nerve conduction studies incorporating subject characteristics and pushrim biomechanics. Results: Subject weight was significantly related to median nerve latency (r = .36, p = .03) and median sensory amplitude (r = -.43, p = .01). Height was also significantly related to median sensory amplitude (r = -.58, p = .01). Subject weight was significantly related to the peak resultant force applied to the pushrim (r = .59, p < .001). Height, weight, and weight-normalized pushrim forces were successfully incorporated into a linear regression model predicting median sensory amplitude (r = .63,p < .05) and mean median latency (r = .54, p < .05), Conclusion: This study found subject weight to be related to pushrim forces and median nerve function. Independent of subject weight, pushrim biomechanics were also related to median nerve function. Through weight loss and changes in pushrim biomechanics, it may be possible to prevent median nerve injury in manual wheelchair users. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ So Calif, Biomech Lab, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Boninger, ML (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Suite 901 Kaufmann Bldg,3471 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X FU NICHD NIH HHS [5 P01 HD33989 03, K08 HD01122-01] NR 32 TC 142 Z9 143 U1 1 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 EI 1532-821X J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 80 IS 8 BP 910 EP 915 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90082-5 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 224VB UT WOS:000081919700008 PM 10453767 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Hazuda, HP AF Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Hazuda, HP TI Determinants of shoulder and elbow flexion range: Results from the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging SO ARTHRITIS CARE AND RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE shoulder; elbow; joint range of motion; diabetes; Mexican Americans ID LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; COMPLICATIONS; PAIN; COLLAGEN; OBESITY AB Objective. To gain a knowledge of factors associated with impaired upper extremity range of motion (ROM) in order to understand pathways that lead to disability. Methods. Shoulder and elbow flexion range was measured in a cohort of 695 community-dwelling subjects aged 65 to 74 years. Associations between subjects' shoulder and elbow flexion ranges and their demographic and anthropometric characteristics, as well as the presence of diabetes mellitus or self-reported physician-diagnosed arthritis, were examined using multivariate regression models. The relationship between shoulder or elbow flexion range and subjects' functional reach was examined to explore the functional significance of ROM in these joints. Results. The flexion range for the 4 joints studied was at least 120 degrees in nearly all subjects (greater than or equal to 99% of the subjects for each of the 4 joints). Multivariate models revealed significant associations between male sex, Mexican American ethnic background, the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin to treat diabetes mellitus, and a lower shoulder flexion range. A lower elbow flexion range was associated with male sex, increasing body mass index, and the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin. A higher shoulder or elbow flexion range was associated with a lower likelihood of having a short functional reach. Conclusions. The great majority of community-dwelling elderly have a flexion range of shoulder and elbow joints that can be considered functional. Diabetes mellitus and obesity are two potentially treatable factors associated with reduced flexion range of these two functionally important joints. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res & Educ Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hazuda, HP (reprint author), 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG-10444] NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-7524 J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 12 IS 4 BP 277 EP 286 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199908)12:4<277::AID-ART6>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 225NX UT WOS:000081968600006 PM 10689992 ER PT J AU Raymond, JR Mukhin, YV Gettys, TW Garnovskaya, MN AF Raymond, JR Mukhin, YV Gettys, TW Garnovskaya, MN TI The recombinant 5-HT1A receptor: G protein coupling and signalling pathways SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review DE 5-hydroxytryptamine; transfection; G protein; adenylyl cyclase; phospholipase; calcium; efficacy; potency ID BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; GAMMA-S BINDING; HUMAN 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE(1A) RECEPTOR; AGONIST-INDUCED DESENSITIZATION; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; KINASE-C; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AB The 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT1A receptor was one of the first G protein coupled receptors whose cDNA and gene were isolated by molecular cloning methods. Transfection of the cDNA of this receptor into cells previously bearing no 5-HT receptors has resulted in the acquisition of large amounts of information regarding potential signal transduction pathways linked to the receptor, correlations of receptor structure to its various functions, and pharmacological properties of the receptor. Transfection studies with the 5-HT1A receptor have generated critical new information that might otherwise have been elusive. This information notably includes the discovery of unsuspected novel signalling linkages, the elucidation of the mechanisms of receptor desensitization, the refinement of models of the receptor pharmacophore, and the development of silent receptor antagonists, among others. The current review summarizes the most important studies of the recombinant 5-HT1A receptor in the decade since the identificiation of its cDNA. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Raymond, JR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Room 829 CSB,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI Gettys, Thomas/0000-0001-7125-7995 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52448, DK53891, R01 DK052448, R56 DK052448] NR 155 TC 163 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 5 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1188 J9 BRIT J PHARMACOL JI Br. J. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 127 IS 8 BP 1751 EP 1764 DI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702723 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 231LW UT WOS:000082312500001 PM 10482904 ER PT J AU Prabhu, SD AF Prabhu, SD TI Load sensitivity of left ventricular relaxation in normal and failing hearts: evidence of a nonlinear biphasic response SO CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE heart failure; ventricular function; cardiomyopathy; contractile function; hemodynamics ID TACHYCARDIA-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; END-SYSTOLIC PRESSURE; CLOSED-CHEST DOGS; CONSCIOUS DOGS; MYOCARDIAL RELAXATION; DIASTOLIC FUNCTION; VOLUME; DETERMINANTS; FAILURE; EJECTION AB Objective: This investigation sought to define the effect of heart failure (HF) on the load sensitivity of left ventricular (LV) relaxation and to correlate alterations in load sensitivity with the variables of ejection timing, systolic load profile and elastic recoil. Methods: Nine dogs instrumented with LV micromanometers and piezoelectric crystals were studied before and after HF produced by prolonged rapid LV pacing. After pharmacologic autonomic blockade and atrial pacing at 160 bpm, hemodynamic measurements were recorded at steady-state and during vena caval occlusion. LV relaxation for individual beats during caval occlusion was assessed using tau, the monoexponential time constant, and systolic load was estimated using end-systolic circumferential force (ESF). Results: The tau-ESF relation was nonlinear and biphasic, with an initial decrease in tau followed by a delayed increase, and was described by a parabolic equation with a curvilinearity coefficient a. Examination of ejection variables and systolic load profile indicated that the initial acceleration of relaxation reflected the influence of increased elastic recoil, whereas the late slowing reflected the influence of earlier end-ejection and delayed systolic loading. HF produced significant baseline prolongations of tau (P<0.005), time to relaxation onset (P<0.001) and time to peak force (P<0.015) compared to control. The curvilinearity coefficient of the tau-ESF relation was significantly increased (18.1+/-20.1.10(-5) vs. 3.99+/-2.89.10(-5) g(-2), P=0.048), indicating increased load sensitivity of relaxation. This increased load sensitivity correlated with delayed onset but increased overall magnitude of the effects of earlier end-ejection and late systolic loading on relaxation. Conclusions: The tau-ESF relationship during transient load reduction is nonlinear and biphasic with an initial acceleration of relaxation, reflecting the impact of elastic recoil, and delayed slowing, reflecting changes in ejection timing and systolic loading sequence. This relation is more curvilinear in the failing heart, indicating increased load sensitivity of LV relaxation. These changes primarily occur due to alterations in the impact of ejection timing and systolic load profile rather than increased elastic recoil. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Prabhu, SD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Prabhu, Sumanth/D-5223-2009 NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6363 J9 CARDIOVASC RES JI Cardiovasc. Res. PD AUG 1 PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2 BP 354 EP 363 DI 10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00102-9 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 221VJ UT WOS:000081747400015 PM 10536665 ER PT J AU Levine, S AF Levine, S TI Tidal flow-volume analysis of ventilation during exercise - A useful approach for diagnosing the mechanism of ventilatory limitation to exercise during cardiopulmonary exercise testing SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Levine, S (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 1999 VL 116 IS 2 BP 277 EP 278 DI 10.1378/chest.116.2.277 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 225GQ UT WOS:000081950400004 PM 10453851 ER PT J AU Pilling, J Cutaia, M AF Pilling, J Cutaia, M TI Ambulatory oximetry monitoring in patients with severe COPD - A preliminary study SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE ambulatory oximetry monitoring; COPD; long-term oxygen therapy ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; LONG-TERM OXYGEN; DOMICILIARY OXYGEN; PULSE OXIMETRY; MILD HYPOXEMIA; COR-PULMONALE; LUNG-DISEASE; THERAPY; SATURATION; EXERCISE AB Background: The benefits of long-term oxygen supplementation in COPD patients with hyposemia are well established, The standard approach to prescribing oxygen uses a static assessment of oxygen requirements in a hospital or clinic setting, The assumption behind this approach is that patients will maintain a "therapeutic" hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) in the outpatient setting, We questioned the validity of this assumption, and hypothesized that many patients may demonstrate significant oxygen desaturation during normal activities of daily living, Study design, methods, and measurements:We determined if oxygen supplementation maintained a therapeutic SpO(2) level in patients with COPD (n = 27), using the technique of ambulatory oximetry monitoring (AOM). AOM consisted of using a portable oximeter to monitor SpO(2), poise rate, and patient activity while patients were engaged in normal activities of daily living over an extended time period (similar to 18 h), The portable oximeter collected and stored these data every 15 s over the monitored time period, Each AOM recording was manually scored for desaturation events and other key variables, including average SpO(2) over the monitoring period, the average number of desaturation events per hour, and the percentage of monitored time deleted secondary to artifacts, Setting: University-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Patients: All subjects were patients with stable COPD with no recent history of hospitalization or exacerbation of their lung disease. Results: This cohort of patients demonstrated a surprising frequency of desaturation below the recommended target SpO(2) value (90%), which averaged approximately 25% of AOM recording time. There was wide variability among patients in the percentage of time SpO(2), was below the target value (range, 3 to 67% of AOM recording time), Motion artifact on the AOM recordings was not a major problem; an average of 8% of the recording time was deleted secondary to artifacts in this patient cohort. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that AOM is feasible and accurate with an acceptable level of motion artifact, These results also suggest that the standard approach for prescribing oxygen may lend to subtherapeutic SpO(2), values in the outpatient setting, AOM holds promise as a tool to monitor the adequacy of oxygen prescriptions in the outpatient setting in patients with lung disease. C1 Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Div Pulm Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr,Pulm Dis Div, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Cutaia, M (reprint author), Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Div Pulm Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 1999 VL 116 IS 2 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1378/chest.116.2.314 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 225GQ UT WOS:000081950400010 PM 10453857 ER PT J AU Welsh, GH Thompson, K Long-Krug, S AF Welsh, GH Thompson, K Long-Krug, S TI Evaluation of patient-perceived health status using the Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Form 36 in an intensive care unit population SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE health status; quality of life; intensive care; outcome assessment; mortality; critical care; elderly; aged; Veterans hospitals; inpatients ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SURVEY SF-36; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; PROXY RATERS; APACHE-II; QUESTIONNAIRE; DISEASE; INSTRUMENT; VALIDITY; ADULTS AB Objective: Baseline patient functional status as assessed by providers is correlated with mortality after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. We wanted to see if patient self-perception of health status before admission to an ICU correlated with functional outcome, Design: Prospective survey on a convenience sample. Setting: Single urban university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medial Center. Patients: One hundred ninety-nine patients in surgical and medical/coronary ICUs, Interventions: None. Measurements: Patient-assessed baseline health status was monitored with the Medical Outcome Survey Short-Form 36 (SF-36), consisting of 36 questions that evaluate eight health status concepts. In addition, baseline functional status (Zubrod scale) was determined and severity of illness (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHE] II) data were collected. Zubrod functional status, which includes mortality, was determined 6 wks and 6 months after ICU admission, and correlation coefficients were calculated. Main Results: We found it feasible to collect SF-36 health status data on a 9% sample in this setting. Less than 1% of responses were completed by proxy. The SF-36 data were internally consistent, and several of its scales including general health perception and physical functioning correlated with patient Zubrod functional status (r(2) = .08, p < .001; r(2) = .14, p < .001) at 6 wks as did vitality (r(2) = .04, p < .01), social function (r(2) = .03, p < .05), and physical role function (r(2) = .02, p = .053), although to a lesser extent. Similar correlations were also found with 6-month functional status. Conclusions: We conclude that use of the SF-36 is time efficient in an ICU setting and correlates with 6-wk and 6-month functional outcome. It correlates as well with functional outcome as either the baseline Zubrod functional status or the APACHE II severity of illness measurement. The five-question general health evaluation portion correlated almost as well with outcome as the more extensive 36-item questionnaire. Use of the SF-36 may define patient populations for comparison across hospitals. It may also target individuals with needs for additional posthospitalization care, including rehabilitation services or nursing home placement. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Res, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Welsh, GH (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1466 EP 1471 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 229WG UT WOS:000082218300009 PM 10470751 ER PT J AU Christian, MM Moy, RL AF Christian, MM Moy, RL TI Treatment or Hailey-Hailey disease (or benign familial pemphigus) using short pulsed and short dwell time carbon dioxide lasers SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID DERMABRASION AB BACKGROUND. Surgical intervention of Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) may be required to achieve prolonged remission or cure. Excisional surgery, dermabrasion, and continuous carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapies have been utilized with success, though patients may experience considerable morbidity. OBJECTIVE. TO evaluate the use of short pulsed and short dwell time CO2 lasers in the treatment of HHD. METHOD. Case report and review of the relevant literature. RESULTS. A 26-year-old woman with refractory axillary HHD was initially treated with a short dwell time CO, laser. The right axilla was treated with two passes at a fluence of 25 J/cm(2), and the left axilla with three passes at 28 J/cm(2). Three years later, several foci within each axilla that periodically blistered were further treated with two passes of a short pulsed CO2 laser at a fluence of 15 J/cm(2). At a 3.5-year follow-up, the patient reported continued resolution of her left axilla but disease persistence in her right axilla. CONCLUSION. HHD can be effectively treated with a short dwell time CO2 laser if appropriate laser parameters are used. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Christian, MM (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM epidermiss@aol.com NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 25 IS 8 BP 661 EP 663 DI 10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.99025.x PG 3 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 225NB UT WOS:000081966700012 PM 10491050 ER PT J AU Paradisi, G Smith, L Burtner, C Leaming, R Garvey, WT Hook, G Johnson, A Cronin, J Steinberg, HO Baron, AD AF Paradisi, G Smith, L Burtner, C Leaming, R Garvey, WT Hook, G Johnson, A Cronin, J Steinberg, HO Baron, AD TI Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry assessment of fat mass distribution and its association with the insulin resistance syndrome SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; NORMAL GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; ABDOMINAL FAT; OBESE WOMEN; REGIONAL ADIPOSITY; LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS; BODY-COMPOSITION AB OBJECTIVE - To determine which dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived indices of fat mass distribution are the most informative to predict the various parameters of the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A total of 87 healthy men, 63 lean (% fat less than or equal to 26) and 24 obese (% fat >26), underwent DXA scanning to evaluate body composition with respect to the whole body and the trunk, leg, and abdominal regions from L1 to L4 and from L3 to L3. These regions were correlated with insulin sensitivity determined by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, insulin area under the curve after oral glucose tolerance test (AUC I); triglyceride; total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol; free fatty acids; and blood pressure. The analyses were performed in all subjects, as well as in lean and obese groups separately RESULTS - Among the various indices of body fat, DXA-determined adiposity in the abdominal cut at 11-4 level was the most predictive of the metabolic variables, showing significant relationships with glucose infusion rate ([GIR], mg . kg(-1) lean body mass . min(-1)), triglyceride, and cholesterol, independent of total-body mass (r = -0.267, P < 0.05; r = 0.316, P < 0.005, and r = 0.319, P < 0.005, respectively). Upon subanalysis, these correlations remained significant in lean men, whereas in obese men, only BMI and the amount of leg fat (negative relationship) showed significant correlations with triglyceride and cholesterol (r = 0.438, P < 0.05; r = 0.458, P < 0.05; r = -0.439, P < 0.05; and r = -0.414, P < 0.05, respectively). The results of a multiple regression analysis revealed that 47% of the variance in GIR among all study subjects was predicted by AUC I, fat L1-4, diastolic blood pressure (dBP), HDL, and triglyceride as independent variables. In the lean group, fat L1-4 alone accounted for 33% of the variance of GIR, whereas in obese men, AUC I and dBP explained 68% of the variance in GIR. CONCLUSIONS - The DXA technique applied for the evaluation of fat distribution can provide useful information regarding various aspects of the insulin resistance syndrome in healthy subjects. DXA can be a valid, accurate, relatively inexpensive, and safer alternative compared with other methods to investigate the role of abdominal body fat distribution on cardiovascular risk factors. C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Richard L Roudebush Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Baron, AD (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, 541 N Clin Dr,Clin Bldg 459, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR750-19]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-20452, DK-42469] NR 39 TC 92 Z9 94 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 1999 VL 22 IS 8 BP 1310 EP 1317 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.8.1310 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 218QF UT WOS:000081562600014 PM 10480776 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HC Armstrong, DG Hadi, S Harkless, LB Lipsky, BA AF Nguyen, HC Armstrong, DG Hadi, S Harkless, LB Lipsky, BA TI Gram-stain for diabetic foot infections: Relevant, reliable or relic? SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD AUG PY 1999 VL 42 SU 1 MA 1172 BP A310 EP A310 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 225CC UT WOS:000081937601169 ER PT J AU Roder, ME Schwartz, RS Prigeon, R Kahn, SE AF Roder, ME Schwartz, RS Prigeon, R Kahn, SE TI Reduced B-cell compensation to the insulin resistance of aging: Impact on proinsulin and insulin levels. SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD AUG PY 1999 VL 42 SU 1 MA 594 BP A160 EP A160 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 225CC UT WOS:000081937600593 ER PT J AU Tache, Y AF Tache, Y TI Cyclic vomiting syndrome - The corticotropin-releasing-factor hypothesis SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome CY APR 17-18, 1998 CL MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN DE corticotropin-releasing factor; gastric emptying; astressin; vagus; cyclic vomiting syndrome; brain; corticotropin-releasing-factor antagonist ID FACTOR-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; CRF-INDUCED INHIBITION; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; RAT-BRAIN; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; GASTRIC-EROSIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; IN-VIVO AB The characterization of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF receptors and the use of specific CRF antagonists have paved the way to establish a key role of brain CRF in the coding of the stress response. CRF injected into the cerebrospinal fluid or the periphery inhibits gastric emptying in various species. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and dorsal vagal complex are brain sites of action for CRF. Endogenous brain CRF plays a role in mediating psychological, physical, somatovisceral, and immunological stress-induced delayed gastric emptying in rats. Postoperative gastric ileus is also prevented by peripheral injection of CRF antagonists. Cyclic Vomiting syndrome (CVS) is precipitated by stimuli or states associated with stimulation of CRF release, and the resulting endocrine, autonomic, and visceral changes are indicative of central CRF activation. Moreover, empiric pharmacotherapy alleviating CVS symptoms are known experimentally to block CRF release or action. The relevance of central CRF activation in the pathophysiology of CVS deserves further consideration. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301, DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH0063] NR 94 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 44 IS 8 SU S BP 79S EP 86S PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 235EG UT WOS:000082526600015 PM 10490044 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Cell biology of the osteoclast SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE osteoclast; precursor; bone resorption ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; BONE-RESORPTION INVITRO; CALCITONIN RECEPTOR ISOFORMS; HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; INHIBITORY FACTOR OCIF; ESTROGEN TARGET-CELLS; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; LARGE T-ANTIGEN AB The osteoclast is a hematopoietic cell derived from CFU-GM and branches from the monocyte-macrophage lineage early during the differentiation process. The marrow microenvironment appears critical for osteoclast formation due to production of RANK ligand, a recently described osteoclast differentiation factor, by marrow stromal cells in response to a variety of osteotropic factors. In addition, factors such as osteoprotegerin, a newly described inhibitor of osteoclast formation, as well as secretory products produced by the osteoclast itself and other cells in the marrow enhance or inhibit osteoclast formation. The identification of the role of oncogenes such as c-fos and pp60 c-src in osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption have provided important insights in the regulation of normal osteoclast activity. Current research is beginning to delineate the signaling pathways involved in osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoclast formation in response to cytokines and hormones. The recent development of osteoclast cell lines may make it possible for major advances to our understanding of the biology of the osteoclast to be realized in the near future. (C) 1999 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 119 TC 336 Z9 354 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 27 IS 8 BP 1229 EP 1241 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(99)00061-2 PG 13 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 219NX UT WOS:000081614300001 PM 10428500 ER PT J AU Jarmukli, NF Ahn, J Iranmanesh, A Russell, DC AF Jarmukli, NF Ahn, J Iranmanesh, A Russell, DC TI Effect of raised plasma beta endorphin concentrations on peripheral pain and angina thresholds in patients with stable angina SO HEART LA English DT Article DE beta endorphin; angina; pain ID SILENT-MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; EXERCISE; PECTORIS; STIMULATION; PERCEPTION; MECHANISMS; THALAMUS; NUCLEUS; STRESS AB Objective-To determine whether changes in plasma concentrations of beta endorphins alter angina threshold and peripheral pain threshold in patients with stable angina. Design-Latin square design comparison of angina thresholds by exercise treadmill test and peripheral pain thresholds using a radiant heat source in eight patients with stable angina under control conditions, after stimulation of pituitary beta endorphin release by ketoconazole, after suppression of pituitary beta endorphin release by dexamethasone, and after blockade of opioid receptors by intravenous naloxone. Results-An approximately fivefold increase in circulating concentrations of beta endorphins was found after administration of ketoconazole (mean (SEM): 13.9 (1.2) v 73.8 (6.2) pg/ml; p < 0.05), which was associated with an increase in peripheral pain threshold to a radiant heat source (time to onset of pain perception 72 (19) v 123 (40) seconds; p < 0.05), but no significant difference in angina threshold. A reduction in circulating concentrations of beta endorphins after pretreatment with dexamethasone was statistically nonsignificant (13.9 (1.2) v 9.0 (1.5) pg/ml; NS) and was not associated with any change in either peripheral pain or angina thresholds. No effects were seen after blockade of opioid receptors by previous administration of intravenous naloxone. Conclusions-Increased plasma concentrations of beta endorphins alter peripheral pain threshold but not angina threshold in patients with stable angina pectoris. C1 Univ Virginia, Hlth Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Salem, VA USA. RP Russell, DC (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1355-6037 J9 HEART JI Heart PD AUG PY 1999 VL 82 IS 2 BP 204 EP 209 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 223BL UT WOS:000081819800021 PM 10409537 ER PT J AU Kamide, K Hori, MT Barrett, JD Eggena, P Tuck, ML AF Kamide, K Hori, MT Barrett, JD Eggena, P Tuck, ML TI Insulin like growth factor-1 promotes angiotensinogen production and growth in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD AUG PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 MA P133 BP 363 EP 363 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 227YW UT WOS:000082108500235 ER PT J AU Kamide, K Hori, MT Barrett, JD Eggena, P Tuck, ML AF Kamide, K Hori, MT Barrett, JD Eggena, P Tuck, ML TI Insulin attenuates vascular renin-angiotensin system in cultured human aortic vascular endothelial cells SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD AUG PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 MA P169 BP 370 EP 370 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 227YW UT WOS:000082108500276 ER PT J AU Arabi, Y Morgan, BJ Goodman, B Puleo, DS Xie, AL Skatrud, JB AF Arabi, Y Morgan, BJ Goodman, B Puleo, DS Xie, AL Skatrud, JB TI Daytime blood pressure elevation after nocturnal hypoxia SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE high altitude; hypobaric chamber ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; RISK; COMPONENT; RESPONSES; HUMANS AB The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nocturnal hypoxia causes daytime blood pressure (BP) elevation. We hypothesized that overnight exposure to hypoxia leads the next morning to elevation in BP that outlasts the hypoxia stimulus. We studied the effect on BP of two consecutive night exposures to hypobaric hypoxia in 10 healthy normotensive subjects. During the hypoxia nights, subjects slept for 8 h in a hypobaric chamber at a simulated altitude of 4,000 m (barometric pressure = 462 mmHg). Arterial O-2 saturation and electrocardiogram were monitored throughout the night. For 30 min before the nocturnal simulated ascent and for 4 h after return to baseline altitude the next morning, BP was measured every 5 min while the subject was awake. The same measurements were made before and after 2 normoxic nights of sleep in the hypobaric chamber at ambient barometric pressure (745 mmHg). Principal components analysis was applied to evaluate patterns of BP response after the second night of hypoxia and normoxia. A distinct pattern of diastolic BP (DBP) elevation was observed after the hypoxia night in 9 of the 10 subjects but in none after the normoxia night. This pattern showed a mean increase of 4 mmHg in DBP compared with the presleep-awake baseline in the first 60 min and a return to baseline by 90 min. We conclude that nocturnal hypoxia leads to a carryover elevation of daytime DBP. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Skatrud, JB (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 36 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 87 IS 2 BP 689 EP 698 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 223WQ UT WOS:000081864900029 PM 10444629 ER PT J AU Silver-Isenstadt, A Ubel, PA AF Silver-Isenstadt, A Ubel, PA TI Erosion in medical students' attitudes about telling patients they are students SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE informed consent; education; medical ethics; survey; patients; medical students ID CONSENT AB OBJECTIVE: To study the attitudes of preclinical and clinical medical students toward the importance of telling patients they are students, and to compare their attitudes with those of patients. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of medical students from five Philadelphia medical schools, and a longitudinal follow-up in one medical school, to assess the importance students place on telling patients they are medical students before interacting with them. We asked similar questions of 100 general medical outpatients from two academically affiliated hospitals. MAIN RESULTS: In total, 2,603 students (58%) responded to the cross-sectional survey, 74 (50%) responded to the longitudinal survey, and 100 patients responded to our interview survey (94% response rate). In the cross-sectional survey, there were negligible differences in the importance that patients and medical students placed on informing alert patients that they are interacting with students in nonsurgical settings. In surgical settings involving anesthetized patients, patients placed significantly more importance on being informed of students' roles in their surgery than did students, and preclinical students placed more importance on this:his than did clinical students. Results from the cross-sectional survey were supported by the longitudinal survey, in which fourth-year medical students placed significantly less importance on informing patients of their student status than the same cohort had done 2 years previously. CONCLUSIONS: Medical students place less importance on informing patients about their student status than patients desire, especially in surgical settings in which the patient is to be anesthetized. Medical students already having completed a clinical rotation stray further from patient ideals than preclinical medical students. These findings suggest that, as medical students advance in their training, they suffer an erosion in their attitudes about telling patients they are students. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1223 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 14 IS 8 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.09298.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 230DV UT WOS:000082237300004 PM 10491232 ER PT J AU Schapira, MM Lawrence, WF Katz, DA McAulliffe, TL Nattinger, AB AF Schapira, MM Lawrence, WF Katz, DA McAulliffe, TL Nattinger, AB TI Change in utility values between hypothetical and experienced impotence and incontinence health states in prostate cancer patients. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Zablocki Vet Adm Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI USA. Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 47 IS 7 SU S BP 250A EP 250A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 231AW UT WOS:000082284700193 ER PT J AU Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Berenson, JR AF Sjak-Shie, NN Vescio, RA Berenson, JR TI HHV-8 infection and multiple myeloma SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Dendritic Cells in Fundamental and Clinical Immunology CY SEP 23-28, 1998 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA DE Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus; pathophysiology; monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; BONE-MARROW; DENDRITIC CELLS; PROGENITOR CELLS; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; BLOOD; KSHV; INDIVIDUALS; ONCOGENE AB Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease. Recently, this gamma-herpes virus was also found in the nonmalignant bone marrow dendritic cells of the majority of myeloma patients. In addition, HHV-8 is also detectable in the peripheral blood of most myeloma patients. In contrast, this virus is rarely detected in close contacts of myeloma patients or healthy subjects. Furthermore, only about one-third of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are infected with HHV-8, Sequencing of HHV-8 DNA isolated from myeloma patients shows both interpatient differences and conserved differences unique to myeloma compared to HHV-8 in other malignancies. Consistent expression of both the viral homologs of interferon regulatory factor and interleukin-8 receptor in myeloma suggests a possible role for these transforming viral genes in the pathogenesis of this disease. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 66 IS 2 BP 357 EP 360 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA 225FF UT WOS:000081947200029 PM 10449181 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Bronstein, YL AF Mendez, MF Bronstein, YL TI Crying spells as symptoms of a transient ischaemic attack SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-3050 J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 1999 VL 67 IS 2 BP 255 EP 255 DI 10.1136/jnnp.67.2.255 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery GA 221KL UT WOS:000081726200042 PM 10475762 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y TI Peripheral injection of a new corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, astressin, blocks peripheral CRF- and abdominal surgery-induced delayed gastric emptying in rats SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-RELATED ALTERATIONS; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM ACTION; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; INDUCED INHIBITION; ACTH-SECRETION; PITUITARY; RECEPTORS; HORMONE; BRAIN AB The effect of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonists astressin and D-Phe CRF12-41 injected i.v. on CRF-induced delayed gastric emptying (GE) was investigated in conscious rats. Gastric transit was assessed by the recovery of methyl cellulose/phenol red solution 20 min after its intragastric administration. The 55% inhibition of GE induced by CRF (0.6 mu g i.v.) was antagonized by 87 and 100% by i.v. astressin at 3 and 10 mu g, respectively, and by 68 and 64% by i.v. D-Phe CRF12-41 at 10 and 20 mu g, respectively. CRF (0.6 mu g)-injected intracisternally (i.c.) induced 68% reduction of GE was not modified by i.v. astressin (10 mu g) whereas i.c. astressin (3 or 10 mu g) blocked by 58 and 100%, respectively, i.v. CRF inhibitory action. Abdominal surgery with cecal manipulation reduced GE to 7.1 +/- 3.1 and 27.5 +/- 3.3% at 30 and 180 min postsurgery, respectively, compared with 40.3 +/- 4.3 and 59.5 +/- 2.9% at similar times after anesthesia alone. Astressin (3 mu g i.v.) completely and D-Phe CRF12-41 (20 mu g i.v.) partially (60%) blocked surgery-induced gastric stasis observed at 30 or 180 min. The CRF antagonists alone (i.v. or i.c.) had no effect on basal GE. These data indicate that CRF acts in the brain and periphery to inhibit GE through receptor-mediated interaction and that peripheral CRF is involved in acute postoperative gastric ileus; astressin is a potent peripheral antagonist of CRF when injected i.v. whereas i.c. doses greater than or equal to 3 mu g exert dual central and peripheral blockade of CRF action on gastric transit. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061, DK-41301, DK-26741] NR 47 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 290 IS 2 BP 629 EP 634 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 219AB UT WOS:000081583900020 PM 10411571 ER PT J AU Asarnow, J Glynn, S Pynoos, RS Nahum, J Guthrie, D Cantwell, DP Franklin, B AF Asarnow, J Glynn, S Pynoos, RS Nahum, J Guthrie, D Cantwell, DP Franklin, B TI When the earth stops shaking: Earthquake sequelae among children diagnosed for pre-earthquake psychopathology SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE disaster; posttraumatic stress disorder; depression; anxiety; stress; youth ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; DISASTER; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS AB Objective: To examine risk and protective processes for posttraumatic stress reactions and negative sequelae following the Northridge earthquake (EQ) among youths diagnosed for pre-EQ psychopathology. Method: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, general anxiety, and social impairment were evaluated using telephone interviews among 66 children participating in a family-genetic study of childhood-onset depression at the time of the EQ. Results: Significant predictors of PTSD symptoms 1 year after the EQ included perceived stress and resource loss associated with the EQ, a pre-EQ anxiety disorder. and more frequent use of cognitive and avoidance coping strategies. PTSD symptoms were associated with high rates of concurrent general anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and social adjustment problems with friends. The only significant correlation between sibling scores was on measures of sibling reports of objective exposure. Conclusions: Preexisting anxiety disorders represent a risk factor for postdisaster PTSD reactions. Postdisaster services need to attend to the needs of these youths as well as those of youths experiencing high levels of subjective stress, resource loss, and/or high exposure. That children within families show significant variation in postdisaster reactions underscores the need for attention to individual child characteristics and unshared environmental attributes. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, NPI, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Asarnow, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, NPI, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH46981] NR 35 TC 105 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0890-8567 J9 J AM ACAD CHILD PSY JI J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1016 EP 1023 DI 10.1097/00004583-199908000-00018 PG 8 WC Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pediatrics; Psychiatry GA 220KT UT WOS:000081664700018 PM 10434494 ER PT J AU Ropiquet, F Giri, D Lamb, DJ Ittmann, M AF Ropiquet, F Giri, D Lamb, DJ Ittmann, M TI FGF7 and FGF2 are increased in benign prostatic hyperplasia and are associated with increased proliferation SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic hyperplasia; fibroblast growth factor; cell proliferation ID FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; FAMILY; EXPRESSION; RECEPTORS AB Purpose: To determine if overexpression of FGF7 and FGF2 occurs in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and if so, whether such overexpression is correlated with increased proliferation of epithelial and/or stromal cells. Materials and Methods: The FGF7 and FGF2 content of protein extracts of normal peripheral zone, normal transition zone and hyperplastic prostatic tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunoabsorption assay. Proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry with anti-Ki67 antibodies on frozen sections of the same tissues used for protein extraction. The in vitro effects of FGF7 and FGF2 on proliferation were assessed by addition of recombinant growth factor to primary cultures of prostatic epithelial and stromal cells. Results: We have found that both FGF7 and FGF2 are overexpressed in hyperplastic prostate in comparison to normal peripheral and transition zone tissue. FGF7 is a potent mitogen for epithelial cells in culture. Consistent with these in vitro effects, quantitative analysis of cellular proliferation by Ki67 immunohistochemistry revealed a strong correlation of epithelial proliferation with FGF7 content in BPH tissue, consistent with a key role for this growth factor in driving the abnormal epithelial proliferation in BPH, FGF2 is mitogenic for stromal cells in culture and there was a weaker correlation of FGF2 content with increased stromal proliferation. Conclusion: Overexpression of FGF7 and FGF2 may play an important role in the abnormal cellular proliferation seen in benign prostatic hyperplasia. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Urol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK54170] NR 17 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 162 IS 2 BP 595 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)68632-6 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 214UA UT WOS:000081344900093 PM 10411093 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG AF Shekelle, PG TI Untitled SO LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA LA English DT Letter ID UNDERUSE; TRIALS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-8194 J9 LEUKEMIA LYMPHOMA JI Leuk. Lymphoma PD AUG PY 1999 VL 34 IS 5-6 BP 637 EP 638 PG 2 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 236VC UT WOS:000082619100030 PM 10492094 ER PT J AU Chernof, BA Sherman, SE Lanto, AB Lee, ML Yano, EM Rubenstein, LV AF Chernof, BA Sherman, SE Lanto, AB Lee, ML Yano, EM Rubenstein, LV TI Health habit counseling amidst competing demands - Effects of patient health habits and visit characteristics SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the National-Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 04-06, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Natl Soc Gen Internal Med DE health promotion; counseling; doctor-patient communication; health surveys; primary care ID PRIMARY-CARE; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; AMBULATORY CARE; MEDICAL-CARE; SMOKING; MODEL; TRIAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDITY; OUTCOMES AB OBJECTIVE. This study assesses the effects of competing demands, such as poor health habits or new medical problems, on health-habit counseling during a primary care visit. METHODS. We sun eyed a consecutive sample of 1,259 patients visiting primary care clinicians at an academic VA medical center. Before the visit, patients reported their health status, health habits, and sociodemographics; immediately after the visit, patients reported reasons for the visit and whether they had been counseled about specific health habits. We scored visit acuity ranging from visits for unscheduled walk-in care or new medical problems to scheduled visits for check-ups or old problems. We defined counseling "triggers" as clinical indications for counseling about particular health habits (eg, smoking). We developed a logistic model predicting primary care provider counseling during a visit. RESULTS. Over two-thirds of patients (68.9%) received some health habit counseling. Controlling for other independent variables, patients with more triggers were more likely to report being counseled. Counseling rates went up as visit acuity went down; patients with the lowest visit acuity having 67% greater odds of being counseled than patients with the highest visit acuity. CONCLUSIONS. Physicians set priorities for health-habit counseling during a visit based on patients' health habit problems or triggers; whether the visit is scheduled or walk-in; and whether the patient has new or acute problems. Future research about primary care performance of health habit counseling should account for these patient and visit characteristics, and prevention-oriented health care organizations should ensure access to scheduled "check-up" visits. C1 Hlth Net, Woodland Hills, CA 91367 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home, VA Hlth Serv Res & Dev,VA Ctr Study Healthcare Pr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Ambulatory Care, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Chernof, BA (reprint author), Hlth Net, 21600 Oxnard St, Woodland Hills, CA 91367 USA. NR 30 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 1999 VL 37 IS 8 BP 738 EP 747 DI 10.1097/00005650-199908000-00004 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 224EM UT WOS:000081884500004 PM 10448717 ER PT J AU Rabeneck, L Menke, J Wray, NP AF Rabeneck, L Menke, J Wray, NP TI How good are US studies of HIV costs of care? SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; AIDS; cost of illness; costs and cost analysis; health care costs ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; MEDICAL-CARE; INFECTED PATIENTS; HOSPITAL-CARE; NEW-YORK; DRUG-USE; AIDS; HEALTH; PATTERNS; EXPENDITURES AB BACKGROUND. Valid, timely estimates of the costs of HIV care are needed by health planners and policy makers. OBJECTIVE. To perform a methodologic critique of published estimates of resource utilization and costs of HIV care. DATA SOURCES. MEDLINE database for 1990-1998. DATA SELECTION. Included articles focused on adults with a spectrum of HIV disease in which the authors developed their own resource use and cost data. Thirty one articles met these criteria. DATA EXTRACTION. Studies were compared based on: (1) utilization and cost estimates, in 1995 dollars; (2) study period; (3) research design; (4) sampling frame; (5) sample size and patient characteristics; (6) data sources and scope of services; and (7) methods used in the analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS. The most recent estimates pertain to the first half of 1995, before the use of protease inhibitor therapy. We found wide variations in the estimates and identified three major sources for this: (1) patient samples that were restricted to subgroups of the national HIV-infected population; (2) utilization data that were limited in scope leg, inpatient (are only); and (3) invalid methods for estimating annual or lifetime costs, particularly in dealing with decedents. CONCLUSIONS. TO accurately estimate resource use and costs for HIV care nationwide, a nationally representative probability sample of HIV-infected patients is required. Even in research that is not intended to provide national estimates, the scope of utilization data should be broadened and greater attention to methodologic issues in the analysis of annual and lifetime costs is needed. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Vet Affairs Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Field Program, Hlth Serv Res Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Rabeneck, L (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 111D,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 1999 VL 37 IS 8 BP 748 EP 759 DI 10.1097/00005650-199908000-00005 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 224EM UT WOS:000081884500005 PM 10448718 ER PT J AU Ashton, CM Kuykendall, DH Johnson, ML Wray, NP AF Ashton, CM Kuykendall, DH Johnson, ML Wray, NP TI An empirical assessment of the validity of explicit and implicit process-of-care criteria for quality assessment SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE quality of health care; process assessment ID EARLY READMISSION; AMBULATORY CARE; INPATIENT CARE; ASSOCIATION; RELIABILITY AB OBJECTIVE. TO evaluate the validity of three criteria-based methods of quality assessment: unit weighted explicit process-of-tare criteria; differentially weighted explicit process-of-care criteria; and structured implicit process-of-care criteria. METHODS. The three methods were applied to records of index hospitalizations in a study of unplanned readmission involving roughly 2,500 patients with one of three diagnoses treated at 12 Veterans Affairs hospitals. Convergent validity among the three methods was estimated using Spearman rank correlation. Predictive validity was evaluated by comparing process-of-care scores between patients who were or were not subsequently readmitted within 14 days. RESULTS. The three methods displayed high convergent validity and substantial predictive validity. Index-stay mean scores, using explicit criteria, were generally lower in patients subsequently readmitted, and differences between readmitted and nonreadmitted patients achieved statistical significance as follows: mean readiness-for-discharge scores were significantly lower in patients with heart failure or with diabetes who were readmitted; and mean admission work-up scores were significantly lower in patients with lung disease who were readmitted. Scores derived from the structured implicit review were lower in patients eventually readmitted but significantly so only in diabetics. CONCLUSIONS. These three criteria-based methods of assessing process of fare appear to be measuring the same construct, presumably "quality of care." Both the explicit and implicit methods had substantial validity, but the explicit method is preferable. In this study, as in others, it had greater inter-rater reliability. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. RP Ashton, CM (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 152,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 20 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 1999 VL 37 IS 8 BP 798 EP 808 DI 10.1097/00005650-199908000-00009 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 224EM UT WOS:000081884500009 PM 10448722 ER PT J AU Craft, S Asthana, S Schellenberg, G Cherrier, M Baker, LD Newcomer, J Plymate, S Latendresse, S Petrova, A Raskind, M Peskind, E Lofgreen, C Grimwood, K AF Craft, S Asthana, S Schellenberg, G Cherrier, M Baker, LD Newcomer, J Plymate, S Latendresse, S Petrova, A Raskind, M Peskind, E Lofgreen, C Grimwood, K TI Insulin metabolism in Alzheimer's disease differs according to apolipoprotein E genotype and gender SO NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insulin; Alzheimer's disease; apolipoprotein E; clinical neuroendocrinology ID CEREBRAL ENERGY-METABOLISM; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; DEGRADING ENZYME; MEMORY; DEGRADATION; RATS; HYPERINSULINEMIA; STREPTOZOTOCIN; ASSOCIATION; DEMENTIA AB Higher fasting plasma insulin levels and reduced CSF-to-plasma insulin ratios, suggestive of insulin resistance, have been observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) who do not possess an apolipoprotein E (APOE)epsilon E4 allele. We examined the relationship of APOE and gender to peripheral insulin action and hyperinsulinemic memory facilitation in patients with AD using a sensitive measure of insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Participants were 32 patients with AD (9 without an epsilon 4 allele, 23 with an epsilon 4 allele) and 25 healthy age-matched adults (16 without an epsilon 4 allele, 9 with an epsilon 4 allele). AD subjects without an epsilon 4 allele had significantly lower insulin-mediated glucose disposal rates than AD patients with an epsilon 4 allele (p < 0.03), or than normal adults without an epsilon 4 allele (p < 0.02). Female AD subjects showed lower insulin-mediated glucose disposal rates than did male AD subjects (p < 0.02). No significant interaction was observed between APOE group and gender, suggesting that these effects are independent. AD subjects without an epsilon 4 allele also showed significant memory facilitation in the hyperinsulinemic condition (p < 0.04), whereas the AD-epsilon 4 group did not. Also in the hyperinsulinemic condition, AD patients without an epsilon 4 allele had lower insulin levels than patients with an epsilon 4 allele (p < 0.02), and women with AD had lower insulin levels than did men with AD despite similar insulin infusion rates and body mass (p < 0.004). No gender or genotype effects were observed in either condition for normal subjects. These results provide in vivo evidence of differences in insulin-mediated energy metabolism between epsilon 4 and non-epsilon 4 AD, and suggest that defective insulin action may be of particular pathophysiologic significance for patients without an epsilon-4 allele. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Washington Univ, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO USA. RP Craft, S (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG-10880] NR 29 TC 109 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-3835 J9 NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY JI Neuroendocrinology PD AUG PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1159/000054469 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 229QQ UT WOS:000082206400009 PM 10461029 ER PT J AU Kubin, CJ Sherman, O Hussain, KB Feinman, L AF Kubin, CJ Sherman, O Hussain, KB Feinman, L TI Delayed-onset ticlopidine-induced cholestatic jaundice SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PROLONGED CHOLESTASIS; HEPATITIS; HEPATOTOXICITY; THERAPY AB An 86-year-old man experienced a rash approximately 2 weeks after starting ticlopidine therapy, necessitating discontinuation of the drug. About 1 month later, despite discontinuation, he developed jaundice and liver test abnormalities. These resolved gradually over the next few months. Based on case reports and the drug's pharmacokinetic profile, a high index of suspicion for ticlopidine-induced jaundice is prudent in patients with recent exposure to the agent who have evidence of liver damage. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pharm Program 119, Med Surg Patient Care Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Hosp, Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Sect, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Sherman, O (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pharm Program 119, Med Surg Patient Care Ctr, W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER BOX 806 171 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD AUG PY 1999 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1006 EP 1010 DI 10.1592/phco.19.11.1006.31567 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 224AG UT WOS:000081873300014 PM 10453975 ER PT J AU Asthana, S Craft, S Baker, LD Raskind, MA Birnbaum, RS Lofgreen, CP Veith, RC Plymate, SR AF Asthana, S Craft, S Baker, LD Raskind, MA Birnbaum, RS Lofgreen, CP Veith, RC Plymate, SR TI Cognitive and neuroendocrine response to transdermal estrogen in postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; estrogen; cognition; neuroendocrine; memory; dementia ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; CONTROLLED TRIAL; FEMALE-PATIENTS; MEMORY FUNCTION; PLASMA-LEVELS; DEMENTIA; INSULIN; ESTRADIOL; HORMONE AB Preliminary evidence from clinical studies indicates that treatment with estrogen augments cognitive function for women with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The neurobiology of estrogen, particularly its neuromodulatory and neuroprotective actions, provide a viable basis to support such cognition-enhancing effects, We conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group design pilot clinical study to evaluate the cognitive and neuroendocrine response to estrogen administration for postmenopausal women with AD. Twelve women with probable AD of mild-moderate severity completed the study. During an eight week treatment period, six women received 0.05 mg/day dosage of 17 beta-estradiol via a skin patch and the remaining six wore a placebo skin patch. Subjects were randomized to equal distribution, and evaluated at baseline, at weeks 1, 3, 5, and 8 on treatment, and at weeks 9, 10, 11, and 13 off treatment. On each day of evaluation, cognition was assessed using a battery of neuropsychological tests, and blood samples were collected to measure plasma concentrations of estradiol and estrone. In addition, several neuroendocrine markers were measured in plasma to evaluate the relationship between estrogen-induced cognitive effects and fluctuations in the catecholaminergic and insulin-like growth factor systems. Significant effects of estrogen treatment were observed on attention (i.e. Stroop: number of self-corrections in the Interference condition, F[1,8] = 8.22, P < 0.03) and verbal memory (i.e., Buschke: delayed cued recall, F[3,30] = 4.31, P < 0.02). The salutary effects of estrogen on cognition were observed after the first week of treatment, and started to diminish when treatment was terminated. For women treated with estrogen, enhancement in verbal memory was positively correlated with plasma levels of estradiol (r = 0.96, P < 0.02) and negatively correlated with concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in plasma (r = -0.92, P < 0.03). Furthermore, a trend in the data was evident to suggest a negative relationship between plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and verbal memory (r = -0.86, P = 0.06). Estrogen administration suppressed peripheral markers of the IGF system, as evidenced by a negative correlation between plasma concentration of estradiol and IGF-1 (r = -0.93, P < 0.03), and a trend for a similar relationship between plasma levels of estradiol and IGFBP-3 (r = - 0.86, P = 0.06). With respect to the catecholamines assayed, norepinephrine was positively correlated with verbal memory (r = 0.95, P < 0.02) for women who were treated with estrogen. Furthermore, there was a trend to suggest a negative relationship between plasma epinephrine levels and the number of errors committed on a test of attention (r = -0.84, P = 0.07). In the placebo group, no significant effects of estrogen replacement were evident either on measures of cognition or on any of the neuroendocrine markers. The results of this study suggest that estrogen replacement may enhance cognition for postmenopausal women with AD. Furthermore, several markers of neuroendocrine activity may serve to index the magnitude of estrogen-induced facilitation on cognition. In addition, research findings from the present study will provide important information for the design of larger prospective clinical studies that are essential to definitively establish the therapeutic role of estrogen replacement for postmenopausal women with AD. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. RP Asthana, S (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 54 TC 166 Z9 170 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD AUG PY 1999 VL 24 IS 6 BP 657 EP 677 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(99)00020-7 PG 21 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 204MB UT WOS:000080767100005 PM 10399774 ER PT J AU Messmore, HL Fabbrini, N Eichorst, M Nawrocki, J Godwin, J Wood, W Molnar, Z AF Messmore, HL Fabbrini, N Eichorst, M Nawrocki, J Godwin, J Wood, W Molnar, Z TI Pseudothrombocytopenia due to cryoglobulinemia SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Lab Serv, Hines, IL USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 515 BP 165 EP 165 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665900515 ER PT J AU Feng, SJ Christodoulides, N Berndt, MC Kroll, MH AF Feng, SJ Christodoulides, N Berndt, MC Kroll, MH TI The cytoplasmic domains of GpIb alpha and GpIb beta regulate 14-3-3 zeta binding to the GPIB/IX complex SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77211 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Baker Med Res Inst, Prahran, Vic 3181, Australia. RI Berndt, Michael/D-5580-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 654 BP 207 EP 208 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665900653 ER PT J AU Christodoulides, N Feng, SJ Resendiz, JC Kroll, MH AF Christodoulides, N Feng, SJ Resendiz, JC Kroll, MH TI Shear stress induces the dynamic association of GPIb alpha with ABP and actin in human platelets SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 660 BP 209 EP 209 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665900659 ER PT J AU Schade, A Dong, JF Romo, EM Andrews, RK Gao, S Lopez, JA McIntire, LV AF Schade, A Dong, JF Romo, EM Andrews, RK Gao, S Lopez, JA McIntire, LV TI Naturally occurring and synthetic gain-of-function mutations of platelet glycoprotein (GP) Iba decrease the rolling velocity of GP Ib-IX-V-expressing cells on immobilized von Willebrand factor SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Rice Univ, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77251 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baker Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 1579 BP 501 EP 502 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665901581 ER PT J AU Afshar-Kharghan, V Aleksic, N Ahn, C Boerwinkle, E Wu, KK Lopez, JA AF Afshar-Kharghan, V Aleksic, N Ahn, C Boerwinkle, E Wu, KK Lopez, JA TI Prospective study of the association of the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib alpha and incidence of coronary heart disease SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RI Wu, Kenneth Kun-Yu/B-1070-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 1693 BP 537 EP 538 PG 2 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665901695 ER PT J AU Baker, R Lofthouse, E Staples, N Shen, Y Berndt, MC Lopez, JA Sadler, S Hankey, G AF Baker, R Lofthouse, E Staples, N Shen, Y Berndt, MC Lopez, JA Sadler, S Hankey, G TI Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IB alpha polymorphisms and risk of stroke SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Western Australia, Baker Med Res Inst, Royal Perth Hosp, Dept Haematol,Clin Thrombosis Unit, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Univ Western Australia, Baker Med Res Inst, Royal Perth Hosp, Stroke Unit, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RI Berndt, Michael/D-5580-2012; Hankey, Graeme /H-4968-2014 OI Hankey, Graeme /0000-0002-6044-7328 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD AUG PY 1999 SU S MA 2680 BP 845 EP 845 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 290FP UT WOS:000085665902691 ER PT J AU Jasper, JD Nickerson, CAE Hershey, JC Asch, DA AF Jasper, JD Nickerson, CAE Hershey, JC Asch, DA TI The public's attitudes toward incentives for organ donation SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Organ Preservation for Transplantation CY MAR 20-21, 1998 CL WARSAW, POLAND ID FINANCIAL INCENTIVES; TRANSPLANT ORGANS; FUTURES MARKET; COMPENSATION; CONSENT; DONORS C1 Univ Toronto, Fac Pharm, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada. Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Penn, Wharton Sch, Dept Operat & Informat Management, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Wharton Sch, Dept Hlth Care Syst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Jasper, JD (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Fac Pharm, 19 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 31 IS 5 BP 2181 EP 2184 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(99)00301-2 PG 4 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 226FD UT WOS:000082008900088 PM 10456008 ER PT J AU Anand, BS AF Anand, BS TI Cirrhosis of liver SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B; INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT; INTERFERON-ALPHA-2B; METAANALYSIS; COMBINATION; LAMIVUDINE; RIBAVIRIN; ASCITES C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 111D, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Anand, BS (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD AUG PY 1999 VL 171 IS 2 BP 110 EP 115 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 238CE UT WOS:000082692700021 PM 10510657 ER PT J AU Schendel, SL Azimov, R Pawlowski, K Godzik, A Kagan, BL Reed, JC AF Schendel, SL Azimov, R Pawlowski, K Godzik, A Kagan, BL Reed, JC TI Ion channel activity of the BH3 only Bcl-2 family member, BID SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-C; APOPTOSIS; MITOCHONDRIA; PROTEIN; BAX; DEATH; BCL-X(L); PEPTIDE; RELEASE; PATHWAY AB BID is a member of the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl-2 family proteins that displays pro-apoptotic activity. The NH2-terminal region of BID contains a caspase-8 (Casp-8) cleavage site and the cleaved form of BID translocates to mitochondrial membranes where it is a potent inducer of cytochrome c release. Secondary structure and fold predictions suggest that BID has a high degree of ct-helical content and structural similarity to Bcl-X-L, which itself is highly similar to bacterial pore-forming toxins. Moreover, circular dichroism analysis confirmed a high alpha-helical content of BID. Amino-terminal truncated BID Delta 1-55, mimicking the Casp-8-cleaved molecule, formed channels in planar bilayers at neutral pH and in liposomes at acidic pH. In contrast, full-length BID displayed channel activity only at nonphysiological pH 4.0 (but not at neutral pH) in planar bilayers and failed to form channels in liposomes even under acidic conditions. On a single channel level, BID Delta 1-55 channels were voltage-gated and exhibited multiconductance behavior at neutral pH. When full-length BID was cleaved by Casp-8, it too demonstrated channel activity similar to that seen with BID Delta 1-55. Thus, BID appears to share structural and functional similarity with other Bcl-2 family proteins known to have channel-forming activity, but its activity exhibits a novel form of activation: proteolytic cleavage. C1 Burnham Inst, La Jolla, CA 92307 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Reed, JC (reprint author), Burnham Inst, La Jolla, CA 92307 USA. RI Pawlowski, Krzysztof/E-3262-2012; Pawlowski, Krzysztof/C-2949-2013; Godzik, Adam/A-7279-2009 OI Pawlowski, Krzysztof/0000-0002-5367-0935; Godzik, Adam/0000-0002-2425-852X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-60049]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 01174] NR 29 TC 148 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 30 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 31 BP 21932 EP 21936 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.31.21932 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 221HF UT WOS:000081721100068 PM 10419515 ER PT J AU Kawakubo, K Coy, DH Walsh, JH Tache, Y AF Kawakubo, K Coy, DH Walsh, JH Tache, Y TI Urethane-induced somatostatin mediated inhibition of gastric acid: Reversal by the somatostatin 2 receptor antagonist PRL-2903 SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE somatostatin receptor antagonist; acid secretion; PRL-2903; somatostatin antibody ID ENTEROCHROMAFFIN-LIKE CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANESTHETIZED RATS; SECRETION; RELEASE; IMMUNONEUTRALIZATION; BIOLOGY; SUBTYPES AB Urethane increases the release of somatostatin (SRIF) which inhibits gastric acid secretion. The SRIF monoclonal antibody, CURE.S6 and the novel sst(2) antagonist, PRL-2903 injected intravenously at maximal effective doses increased gastric acid secretion by 2 and 10 fold respectively from basal values within 30 min in urethane-anesthetized rats. Plasma gastrin levels were elevated 2.5 fold within 15 min by PRL-2903 (1.3 mu mol/kg, iv). These data indicate that the low gastrin and acid secretion levels induced by urethane result from endogenous SRIF acting on sst(2) and that PRL-2903 is a valuable SRIF antagonist to assess sst(2) mediated events. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Tulane Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 17294, DK-41301, DK 33061] NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD JUL 30 PY 1999 VL 65 IS 10 BP PL115 EP PL120 DI 10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00340-9 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 224BK UT WOS:000081876100014 PM 10499878 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC Richardson, RD AF Hunt, SC Richardson, RD TI Chronic multisystem illness among Gulf War veterans SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 28 PY 1999 VL 282 IS 4 BP 327 EP 328 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 219FG UT WOS:000081596800024 PM 10432027 ER PT J AU Berger, AK Schulman, KA Gersh, BJ Pirzada, S Breall, JA Johnson, AE Every, NR AF Berger, AK Schulman, KA Gersh, BJ Pirzada, S Breall, JA Johnson, AE Every, NR TI Primary coronary angioplasty vs thrombolysis for the management of acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID COOPERATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PROJECT; THERAPY; EXPERIENCE; HOSPITALS; MEDICARE; VOLUME AB Context Despite evidence from randomized trials that, compared with early thrombolysis, primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces mortality in middle-aged adults, whether elderly patients with AMI are more likely to benefit from PTCA or early thrombolysis is not known. Objective To determine survival after primary PTCA vs thrombolysis in elderly patients, Design The Cooperative Cardiovascular Project, a retrospective cohort study using data from medical charts and administrative files. Setting Acute care hospitals in the United States. Patients A total of 20 683 Medicare beneficiaries, who arrived within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms, were admitted between January 1994 and February 1996 with a principal discharge diagnosis of AMI, and were eligible for reperfusion therapy. Main Outcome Measures Thirty-day and 1-year survival. Results A total of 80 356 eligible patients had an AMI at hospital arrival and met the inclusion criteria, of whom 23.2% received thrombolysis and 2.5% underwent primary PTCA within 6 hours of hospital arrival, Patients undergoing primary PTCA had lower 30-day (8.7% vs 11.9%, P=.001) and 1-year mortality (14.4% vs 17.6%, P=.001). After adjusting for baseline cardiac risk factors and admission and hospital characteristics, primary PTCA was associated with improved 30-day (hazard ratio [HR] of death, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63-0.88) and 1-year (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.73-0.94) survival. The benefits of primary coronary angioplasty persisted when stratified by hospitals' AMI volume and the presence of on-site angiography. In patients classified as ideal for reperfusion therapy, the mortality benefit of primary PTCA was not significant at 1-year follow-up (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.78-1.08). Conclusion In elderly patients who present with AMI, primary PTCA is associated with modestly lower short- and long-term mortality rates, In the subgroup of patients who were classified as ideal for reperfusion therapy, the observed benefit of primary PTCA was no longer significant. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Clin Econ Res Unit, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Delmarva Fdn Med Care Inc, Easton, MD USA. Univ Washington, NW Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Outcomes Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Schulman, KA (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Clin Econ Res Unit, 2233 Wisconsin Ave NW,Suite 440, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 23 TC 119 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 28 PY 1999 VL 282 IS 4 BP 341 EP 348 DI 10.1001/jama.282.4.341 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 219FG UT WOS:000081596800029 PM 10432031 ER PT J AU Vaccarino, V Parsons, L Every, NR Barron, HV Krumholz, HM AF Vaccarino, V Parsons, L Every, NR Barron, HV Krumholz, HM CA Natl Registry Myocardial Infarction 2 Participa TI Sex-based differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; CASE-FATALITY; SHORT-TERM; INTERVENTION REGISTRY; NATIONAL REGISTRY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; CLINICAL OUTCOMES; BYPASS-SURGERY AB Background There is conflicting information about whether short-term mortality after myocardial infarction is higher among women than among men after adjustment for age and other prognostic factors. We hypothesized that younger, but not older, women have higher mortality rates during hospitalization than their male peers. Methods We analyzed data on 384,878 patients (155,565 women and 229,313 men) who were 30 to 89 years of age and who had been enrolled in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 between June 1994 and January 1998. Patients who had been transferred from or to other hospitals were excluded. Results The overall mortality rate during hospitalization was 16.7 percent among the women and 11.5 percent among the men. Sex-based differences in the rates varied according to age. Among patients less than 50 years of age, the mortality rate for the women was more than twice that for the men. The difference in the rates decreased with increasing age and was no longer significant after the age of 74 (P < 0.001 for the interaction between sex and age). Logistic-regression analysis showed that the odds of death were 11.1 percent greater for women than for men with every five-year decrease in age (95 percent confidence interval, 10.1 to 12.1 percent). Differences in medical history, the clinical severity of the infarction, and early management accounted for only about one third of the difference in the risk. After adjustment for these factors, women still had a higher risk of death for every five years of decreasing age (increase in the odds of death, 7.0 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 5.9 to 8.1 percent). Conclusions After myocardial infarction, younger women, but not older women, have higher rates of death during hospitalization than men of the same age. The younger the age of the patients, the higher the risk of death among women relative to men. Younger women with myocardial infarction represent a high-risk group deserving of special study. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:217-25.) (C) 1999, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Cardiol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Cardiovasc Outcomes Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Cardiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Genentech Inc, Div Med Affairs, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Yale New Haven Hosp, Ctr Outcomes Res & Evaluat, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. RP Vaccarino, V (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 63 TC 697 Z9 725 U1 0 U2 8 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 22 PY 1999 VL 341 IS 4 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1056/NEJM199907223410401 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 217ZL UT WOS:000081528800001 PM 10413733 ER PT J AU Ripple, MO Henry, WF Schwarze, SR Wilding, G Weindruch, R AF Ripple, MO Henry, WF Schwarze, SR Wilding, G Weindruch, R TI Effect of antioxidants on androgen-induced AP-1 and NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity in prostate carcinoma cells SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN-INTERACTION; REDOX REGULATION; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; C-JUN; CANCER; FOS; ACTIVATION; TESTOSTERONE AB Background: Previous studies have suggested that male hormones (androgens) and certain forms of oxygen (reactive oxygen species) are linked to the development of prostate cancer. We hypothesized that androgens contribute to prostate carcinogenesis by increasing oxidative stress. We further hypothesized that antioxidants reduce prostate cancer risk by modulating androgen effects on cellular processes. Methods: To test these hypotheses, we looked for 1) a change in the level of reactive oxygen species in the presence of androgens, 2) androgen-induced binding activity of transcriptional activators AP-1 and NF-kappa B, whose activities are known to be altered during cell proliferation, and 3) the effect of antioxidants on androgen-induced transcription factor binding. Results: Physiologic concentrations (1 nM) of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone or 1-10 nM R1881, a synthetic androgen, produced sustained elevation of AP-1 and NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity in LNCaP cells, an androgen-responsive human prostate carcinoma cell line. Androgen-independent DU145 cells (another human prostate carcinoma cell line) were unaffected by R1881 treatment, AP-1-binding activity increased 5 hours after 1 nM R1881 treatment; NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity increased after 36 hours, Both activities remained elevated for at least 120 hours. Nuclear AP-1 and NF-kappa B protein levels were not elevated. Antioxidant vitamins C plus E blocked both androgen-induced DNA-binding activity and production of reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: Physiologic concentrations of androgens induce production of reactive oxygen species and cause prolonged AP-1 and NF-kappa B DNA-binding activities, which are diminished by vitamins C and E. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Inst Aging, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Wilding, G (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Inst Aging, K6-550 CSC,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [T32AG00213] NR 49 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JUL 21 PY 1999 VL 91 IS 14 BP 1227 EP 1232 DI 10.1093/jnci/91.14.1227 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 225FA UT WOS:000081946700013 PM 10413424 ER PT J AU Dukoff, R Wilkinson, CW Lasser, P Friz, J Conway, A Bahro, M Peskind, ER Sunderland, T AF Dukoff, R Wilkinson, CW Lasser, P Friz, J Conway, A Bahro, M Peskind, ER Sunderland, T TI Physostigmine challenge before and after chronic cholinergic blockade in elderly volunteers SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE aging; Alzheimer's; neuroendocrine; cortisol; physostigmine; scopolamine; plasticity ID ADRENOCORTICAL AXIS RESPONSES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RECEPTOR PLASTICITY; NEUROENDOCRINE RESPONSES; ANTERIOR-PITUITARY; FRONTAL-CORTEX; SCOPOLAMINE; BRAIN; RATS; AGE AB Background: As a test of possible muscarinic up-regulation, the cortisol response to intravenous (IV) physostigmine (an anticholinesterase) was measured in 9 elderly volunteers before and after chronic cholinergic blockade with the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist scopolamine, Methods: Each of the 9 elderly control subjects was given two physostigmine (0.5 mg IV) infusions separated by 21 doses of nightly scopolamine (1.2 mg p.o,). No scopolamine tr as administered the night before infusions, and glycopyrrolate (0.2 mg IV) was administered prior to physostigmine to block its peripheral effects, Vital signs were monitored and blood samples were collected at six time points surrounding the physostigmine infusion (-10, +10, +20 +30, +50, and +70 min). Behavioral measures and cognitive tests were administered prior to and 30 min after the physostigmine. Results: The cortisol response to physostigmine was greater after the second (post-chronic scopolamine) infusion study compared to the first (p < .05) as measured by an area under the curve analysis of all time points. When individual time points were compared, the mean cortisol response was significantly increased after the second physostigmine infusion at the +50- and +70-min rime points (p < .05). There were no significant changes in behavioral rating scales, cognitive tests, or vital signs between the Mlo physostigmine infusion study days. Conclusions: This study demonstrates increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responsivity to a central nervous system cholinergic stimulus after chronic muscarinic blockade in 9 elderly control subjects. it also gives further evidence to support previous suggestions of muscarinic plasticity, specifically postsynaptic up-regulation, in the aging brain following exposure to chronic anticholinergic treatment. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 NIMH, Geriatr Psychiat Branch, NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Sunderland, T (reprint author), NIMH, Geriatr Psychiat Branch, NIH, Ctr Clin, Bldg 10,Rm 3N228,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1264, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUL 15 PY 1999 VL 46 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00286-8 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 217BL UT WOS:000081479400005 PM 10418693 ER PT J AU Pold, M Zhou, J Chen, GL Hall, JM Vescio, RA Berenson, JR AF Pold, M Zhou, J Chen, GL Hall, JM Vescio, RA Berenson, JR TI Identification of a new, unorthodox member of the MAGE gene family SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID REPRESENTATIONAL DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS; CYTOLYTIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; CELLS; MELANOMA AB Several tumor-associated antigen families, such as MAGE, GAGE/PAGE, PRAME, BAGE, and LAGE/NY-ESO-1, exist. These antigens are of particular interest in tumor immunology, because their expression, with exception of testis and fetal tissues, seems to be restricted to tumor cells only. We have identified a novel member of the MAGE gene family, MAGED1. Northern hybridization and RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression level of MAGED1 in different normal adult tissues is comparable to that in testis and fetal liver. Thus, MAGED1 does not possess an expression pattern characteristic of previously identified MAGE family genes, suggesting that the biology of the MAGE-family genes is more complex than previously thought. Chromosome mapping linked MAGED1 tot marker AFM119xd6 (DXS1039) on chromosome Xp11.23. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Biomed Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Axys Pharmaceut, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Pold, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Biomed Res Inst, Bldg 304,E1-106,11301 Wilshire Blvd,111-H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 17 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD JUL 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1006/geno.1999.5870 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 221YZ UT WOS:000081756600006 PM 10409427 ER PT J AU Chuntharapai, A Gibbs, V Lu, J Ow, A Marsters, S Ashkenazi, A De Vos, A Kim, KJ AF Chuntharapai, A Gibbs, V Lu, J Ow, A Marsters, S Ashkenazi, A De Vos, A Kim, KJ TI Determination of residues involved in ligand binding and signal transmission in the human IFN-alpha receptor 2 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID I INTERFERON RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BETA; CLONING; COMPONENTS; EXPRESSION; SUBUNITS; COMPLEX AB The human IFN-alpha receptor (hIFNAR) is a complex composed of at least two chains, hIFNAR1 and hIFNAR2. We have performed a structure-function analysis of hIFNAR2 extracellular domain regions using anti-hIFNAR2 mAbs (1D3, 1F3, and 3B7) and several type I human IFNs. These mAbs block receptor activation, as determined by IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 formation, and block the antiviral cytopathic effects induced by type I IFNs. We generated alanine substitution mutants of hIFNAR2-IgG and determined that regions of hIFNAR2 are important for the binding of these blocking mAbs and hIFN-alpha 2/alpha 1. We further demonstrated that residues E78, W101, I104, and D105 are crucial for the binding of hIFN-alpha 2/alpha 1 and form a defined protrusion when these residues are mapped upon a structural model of hIFNAR2. To confirm that residues important for ligand binding are indeed important for IPN signal transduction, we determined the ability of mouse L929 cells expressing hIFNAR2 extracellular domain mutants to mediate hIFN signal. hIFN-alpha 8, previously shown to signal a response in L929 cells expressing hIFNAR1, was unable to signal in L929 cells expressing hIFNAR2, Transfected cells expressing hIFNAR2 containing mutations at residues E78, W101, I104, or D105 were unresponsive to hIFN-alpha 2, but remained responsive to hIFN-beta. In summary, we have identified specific residues of hIFNAR2 important for the binding to hIFN-alpha 2/1 and demonstrate that specific regions of the IFNAR interact with the subspecies of type I IFN in different manners. C1 Genentech Inc, Dept Antibody Technol, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Mol Oncol, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. Genentech Inc, Dept Prot Engn, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Kim, KJ (reprint author), Genentech Inc, Dept Antibody Technol, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUL 15 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 2 BP 766 EP 773 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 215AY UT WOS:000081360800031 PM 10395669 ER PT J AU Ghosh, PM Ghosh-Choudhury, N Moyer, ML Mott, GE Thomas, CA Foster, BA Greenberg, NM Kreisberg, JI AF Ghosh, PM Ghosh-Choudhury, N Moyer, ML Mott, GE Thomas, CA Foster, BA Greenberg, NM Kreisberg, JI TI Role of RhoA activation in the growth and morphology of a murine prostate tumor cell line SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE RhoA; actin stress fibers; H-Ras; lovastatin; geranylgeraniol; farnesol ID ACTIN STRESS FIBERS; CULTURED MESANGIAL CELLS; RAS TRANSFORMATION; FOCAL ADHESIONS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; PROTEIN-KINASES; TRAMP MODEL; GTPASES; PROGRESSION; RAC1 AB Prostate cancer cells derived from transgenic mice with adenocarcinoma of the prostate (TRAMP cells) were treated with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, lovastatin, This caused inactivation of the small GTPase RhoA, actin stress fiber disassembly, cell rounding, growth arrest in the GZ phase of the cell cycle, cell detachment and apoptosis, Addition of geranylgeraniol (GGOL) in the presence of lovastatin, to stimulate protein geranylgeranylation, prevented lovastatin's effects. That is, RhoA was activated, actin stress fibers were assembled, the cells assumed a flat morphology and cell growth resumed. The following observations support an essential role for RhoA in TRAMP cell growth: (1) TRAMP cells expressing dominant-negative RhoA (T19N) mutant protein displayed few actin stress fibers and grew at a slower rate than controls (35 h doubling time for cells expressing RhoA (T19N) vs 20 h for untransfected cells); (2) TRAMP cells expressing constitutively active RhoA. (Q63L) mutant protein displayed a contractile phenotype and grew faster than controls (13 h doubling time), Interestingly, addition of farnesol (FOL) with lovastatin, to stimulate protein farnesylation, prevented lovastatin-induced cell rounding, cell detachment and apoptosis, and stimulated cell spreading to a spindle shaped morphology. However, RhoA remained inactive and growth arrest persisted. The morphological effects of FOL addition were prevented in TRAMP cells expressing dominant-negative H-Ras (T17N) mutant protein. Thus, it appears that H-Ras is capable of inducing cell spreading, but incapable of supporting cell proliferation, in the absence of geranylgeranylated proteins like RhoA. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res & Dev Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Kreisberg, JI (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 56 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 7 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JUL 15 PY 1999 VL 18 IS 28 BP 4120 EP 4130 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1202792 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 216FP UT WOS:000081431000009 PM 10435593 ER PT J AU Shiraha, H Glading, A Gupta, K Wells, A AF Shiraha, H Glading, A Gupta, K Wells, A TI IP-10 inhibits epidermal growth factor-induced motility by decreasing epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated calpain activity SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EGF receptor; cell motility; calpain; chemokine; fibroblasts ID CELL-MIGRATION; INDUCIBLE PROTEIN-10; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; KINASE-ACTIVITY; T-LYMPHOCYTES; EGF RECEPTOR; FIBROBLAST; PROTEASE; ADHESION; MOVEMENT AB During wound healing, fibroblasts are recruited from the surrounding tissue to accomplish repair. The requisite migration and proliferation of the fibroblasts is promoted by growth factors including those that activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Counterstimulatory factors in wound fluid are postulated to limit this response; among these factors is the ELR-negative CXC chemokine, interferon inducible protein-10 (IP-10),We report here that IP-10 inhibited EGF- and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor-induced Hs68 human dermal fibroblast motility in a dose-dependent manner (to 52% and 44%, respectively, at 50 ng/ml IP-10), whereas IP-10 had no effect on either basal or EGFR-mediated mitogenesis (96 +/- 15% at 50 ng/ml). These data demonstrate for the first time a counterstimulatory effect of IP-10 on a specific induced fibroblast response, EGFR-mediated motility. To define the molecular basis of this negative transmodulation of EGFR signaling, we found that IP-10 did not adversely impact receptor or immediate postreceptor signaling as determined by tyrosyl phosphorylation of EGFR and two major downstream effecters phospholipase C-gamma and erk mitogen-activated protein kinases, Morphological studies suggested which biophysical steps may be affected by demonstrating that IP-10 treatment resulted in an elongated cell morphology reminisce:nt of failure to detach the uropod; in support of this, IP-10 pretreatment inhibited EGF-induced cell detachment. These data suggested that calpain activity may be involved. The cell permeant agent, calpain inhibitor I, limited EGF-induced motility and de-adhesion similarly to IP-10, IP-10 also prevented EGF induced calpain activation (reduced by 71 +/- 7%).That this inhibition of EGF-induced calpain activity was secondary to IP-10 initiating a cAMP-protein kinase A-calpain cascade is supported by the following evidence: (a:) the cell permeant analogue 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (CPT-cAMP) prevented EGF-induced calpain activity and motility; (b) other ELR-negative CXC chemokines, monokine induced by IFN-gamma and platelet factor 4 that also generate cAMP, inhibited EGF-induced cell migration and calpain activation; and (c) the protein kinase A inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cANIPS abrogated IP-10 inhibition of cell migration, cell detachment, and calpain activation. Our findings provide a model by which IP-10 suppresses EGF-induced cell motility by inhibiting EGF-induced detachment of the trailing edges of motile cells. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Wells, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Scaife 713, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150; Glading, Angela/0000-0002-1830-6601 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM54739, R01 GM054739] NR 43 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD JUL 12 PY 1999 VL 146 IS 1 BP 243 EP 253 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 217QB UT WOS:000081509500019 PM 10402474 ER PT J AU Stanislaus, R Pahan, K Singh, AK Singh, I AF Stanislaus, R Pahan, K Singh, AK Singh, I TI Amelioration of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats by lovastatin SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; interferon-gamma; inducible nitric oxide synthase; lovastatin; Lewis rats ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; INDUCTION; CYTOKINES; MICE; DEMYELINATION; EXPRESSION; ALPHA AB Proinflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are involved in the pathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We have previously reported that lovastatin (Pahan, K., Sheikh., F.G., Namboodiri, A. and Singh, I., Lovastatin and Phenylacetate inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase and cytokines in rat primary astrocytes, microglia and macrophages. J. Clin. Invest., 100 (1997) 2671-2679.), an inhibitor of the mevalonate pathway, inhibits the expression of iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines in rat primary glial cells (astroglia and microglia) and macrophages. The present study underlines the therapeutic importance of lovastatin in ameliorating the neuroinflammatory disease process in the central nervous system of EAE rats. Immunohistochemical results show a higher degree of expression of iNOS, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in brains of rats with acute monophasic EAE relative to the control animals. Administration of lovastatin inhibited the expression of iNOS, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in the CNS of EAE rats and improved the clinical signs of EAE suggesting that this compound may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases like MS. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Singh, I (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-22576, NS-37766, NS-34741] NR 15 TC 123 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD JUL 9 PY 1999 VL 269 IS 2 BP 71 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00414-0 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 211VE UT WOS:000081181900004 PM 10430507 ER PT J AU Burman, ML Taplin, SH Herta, DF Elmore, JG AF Burman, ML Taplin, SH Herta, DF Elmore, JG TI Effect of false-positive mammograms on interval breast cancer screening in a health maintenance organization SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mammography; false-positive reactions; patient compliance; age factors; mass screening ID WOMEN; PROGRAM; RISK AB Background: Despite the mortality benefits of breast cancer screening, not all women receive regular mammography. Such factors as age, socioeconomic status, and physician recommendation have been associated with greater use of screening. However, we do not know whether having an abnormal mammogram affects future screening. Objective: To examine the effect of a false-positive mammogram on adherence to the next recommended screening mammogram. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: The breast cancer screening program at Group Health Cooperative, a health maintenance organization in Washington state. Patients: 5059 women 40 years of age or older with no history of breast cancer or breast surgery who had false-positive (n = 813) or true-negative (n = 4246) index screening mammograms between 1 August 1990 and 31 July 1992. Measurements: Screening rates and odds ratios for recommended interval screening up to 42 months after the index mammogram. Results: After adjustment for differences in age; previous use of mammography; family history of breast cancer; exogenous hormone use; and age at menarche, first childbirth, and menopause, women with false-positive index mammograms were more likely than those with true-negative index mammograms to obtain their next recommended screening mammogram (odds ratio, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.45]). The relation between a false-positive mammogram and the likelihood of adherence to screening in the next recommended interval was strongest among women who had not previously undergone mammography (odds ratio, 1.66 [CI, 1.26 to 2.17]). Conclusions: Having a false-positive mammogram did not adversely affect screening behavior in the next recommended interval. Women with false-positive mammograms, especially those without previous mammography, were more likely to return for the next scheduled screening. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Dept Prevent Care, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Burman, ML (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mailstop 152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA6371] NR 26 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 6 PY 1999 VL 131 IS 1 BP 1 EP + PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 214UD UT WOS:000081345200001 PM 10391809 ER PT J AU Yagi, M Ritchie, KA Sitnicka, E Storey, C Roth, GJ Bartelmez, S AF Yagi, M Ritchie, KA Sitnicka, E Storey, C Roth, GJ Bartelmez, S TI Sustained ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells mediated by thrombopoietin SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TERM REPOPULATING ABILITY; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; EARLY ACTING CYTOKINES; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; BONE-MARROW; PROGENITOR CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; C-MPL; MICE; LIGAND AB The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is defined as a cell that can either self-replicate or generate daughter cells that are destined to commit to mature cells of different specific Lineages. Self-replication of the most primitive HSC produces daughter cells that possess a long (possibly unlimited) clonal lifespan, whereas differentiation of HSC produces daughter cells that demonstrate a progressive reduction of their clonal lifespan, a loss of multilineage potential, and lineage commitment. Previous studies indicated that the proliferation of HSC ex vivo favors differentiation at the expense of self-replication, eventually resulting in a complete Lass of HSC. In contrast, transplantation studies have shown that a single HSC can repopulate the marrow of lethally irradiated mouse, demonstrating that self-renewal of HSC occurs in vivo. Thrombopoietin (TPO) has been shown to function both as a proliferative and differentiative factor for megakaryocytes and as a survival and weakly proliferative factor for HSC. Our studies focused on the effects of exogenous TPO on HSC in mouse long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC). Previous results indicate that HSC decline in LTBMC in the absence of TPO. In contrast, the continuous presence of TPO resulted in the generation of both long- and short-term repopulating HSC: as detected by an in vivo competitive repopulation assay. HSC were generated over a 4-month period at concentrations similar to normal bone marrow. Our results demonstrate that TPD can mediate the self-replication of HSC in LTBMC, and provide proof that HSC can self-replicate ex vivo. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Res, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Hematol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Hematol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Roth, GJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Dept Res, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL02959, HL39947]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48708] NR 46 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 6 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 14 BP 8126 EP 8131 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.14.8126 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 214RV UT WOS:000081342100096 PM 10393959 ER PT J AU Grundhoff, AT Kremmer, E Turecin, O Glieden, A Gindorf, C Atz, J Mueller-Lantzsch, N Schubach, WH Grasser, FA AF Grundhoff, AT Kremmer, E Turecin, O Glieden, A Gindorf, C Atz, J Mueller-Lantzsch, N Schubach, WH Grasser, FA TI Characterization of DP103, a novel DEAD box protein that binds to the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear proteins EBNA2 and EBNA3C SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LATENT MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; RBP-J-KAPPA; RNA-DEPENDENT ATPASE; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; HODGKINS-DISEASE; HELICASE GENE; POLYMERASE-II; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER; TRANSCRIPTION AB The Epstein-Barr virus-encoded nuclear antigens EBNA2 and EBNA3C both interact with the cellular transcription factor RBP-JK and modulate the expression of several shared target genes, suggesting a tight cooperation in latently infected cells. In a survey for additional cellular factors that bind to EBNA2 as well as EBNA3C, we have isolated and characterized DP1031 a novel human member of the DEAD box family of putative ATP-dependent RNA helicases, The interaction with DP103 is mediated by amino acids (aa) 121-213 of EBNA2 and aa 534-778 of EBNA3C, regions that are not involved in binding of the viral proteins to RBP-JK, The DP103-cDNA encodes a protein of 824 aa that harbors all of the common DEAD box motifs, Monoclonal antibodies raised against DP103 detect a protein of 103 kDa in mammalian cells that resides in high molecular weight complexes in vivo. We have detected an ATPase activity intrinsic to or closely associated with DP103, By subcellular fractionation, we find DP103 in both a soluble nuclear fraction as well as in the insoluble skeletal fraction. Whereas the protein and its mRNA are uniformly expressed in all tested cell lines, we observed differential expression of the mRNA. in normal human tissues. C1 Univ Kliniken Saarlandes, Abt Virol, Inst Med Mikrobiol & Hyg, D-66421 Homburg, Germany. GSF, Inst Mol Immunol, D-81377 Munich, Germany. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Oncol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Grasser, FA (reprint author), Univ Kliniken Saarlandes, Abt Virol, Inst Med Mikrobiol & Hyg, D-66421 Homburg, Germany. NR 62 TC 81 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 2 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 27 BP 19136 EP 19144 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.27.19136 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 212BK UT WOS:000081196300041 PM 10383418 ER PT J AU Rutherford, GW Gerrity, TR Kizer, KW Feussner, JR AF Rutherford, GW Gerrity, TR Kizer, KW Feussner, JR TI Research in the veterans health administration: The report of the Research Realignment Advisory Committee SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARE SYSTEM; VA; AFFAIRS; FUTURE AB In 1995 the Under Secretary for Health of the Department of Veterans Affairs constituted the Research Realignment Advisory Committee and-charged it with reviewing the VA's research program. After meeting in 1995 and 1996, the committee identified 12 findings, which fall into four broad categories: allocation,of research resources among VA research programs, acquisition and protection of resources, stability and maintenance of infrastructure, and outreach and communications. The most far-reaching recommendation was to establish designated research areas so that VA research could be focused more sharply on the specific needs of veterans while maintaining a research base for relatively less common conditions and needs: integral to the VA's mission. The second major issue was that research funding should be increased (because it had-fallen in inflation-adjusted dollars while the cost of doing research continued to rise). The third major area dealt with operational issues about how research was administered in the newly created system of geographically defined "veterans integrated service networks" and at the medical centers and how research monies flowed to medical centers. The final major area had to do with career development, for the committee considered the recruitment and retention of outstanding junior investigators to be a core function of VA research. The committee's recommendations, some of which have already been implemented, form the basis for strengthening the VA's research enterprise and for fully integrating it within the new structure of health care delivery in the VA. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Vet Hlth Adm, Med Res Serv, Off Res & Dev, US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. RP Rutherford, GW (reprint author), Prevent Sci Grp, 74 New Montgomery St,Suite 600, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 74 IS 7 BP 773 EP 781 DI 10.1097/00001888-199907000-00010 PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 218CC UT WOS:000081534800011 PM 10429585 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Vargas, DM AF Pahlavani, MA Vargas, DM TI Age-related decline in activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin and kinase CAMK-IV in rat T cells. SO AGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI MEDIA PA SALLY BALIN MEDICAL CENTER, 110 CHESLEY DR, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD JUL PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 MA 40 BP 126 EP 127 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 289RD UT WOS:000085635000043 ER PT J AU Petrie, EC Pascualy, M Brodkin, K Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Petrie, EC Pascualy, M Brodkin, K Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Effects of advanced aging on plasma catecholamine responses to thermal stress SO AGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI MEDIA PA SALLY BALIN MEDICAL CENTER, 110 CHESLEY DR, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD JUL PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 MA 57 BP 130 EP 131 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 289RD UT WOS:000085635000058 ER PT J AU Kovacs, TOG Campbell, D Richter, J Haber, M Jennings, DE Rose, P AF Kovacs, TOG Campbell, D Richter, J Haber, M Jennings, DE Rose, P TI Double-blind comparison of lansoprazole 15 mg, lansoprazole 30 mg and placebo as maintenance therapy in patients with healed duodenal ulcers resistant to H-2-receptor antagonists SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID SYMPTOM RELIEF; OMEPRAZOLE; RANITIDINE; PREVENTION; TRIAL AB Background: Maintenance antisecretory therapy is often used to prevent duodenal ulcer recurrence and control symptoms. This study compared the efficacy and safety of lansoprazole 15 mg and 30 mg daily with placebo in preventing ulcer recurrence in patients with a recent history of duodenal ulcer disease. Methods: Fifty-six patients were treated with either lansoprazole 15 mg, 30 mg or placebo o.m. Results: Within 1 month of study initiation. 27% (four out of 15) of placebo-treated patients experienced ulcer recurrence as compared to 13% (two out of 15) and 6% (one out of 18) of lansoprazole 15 mg and 30 mg treated patients, respectively. Median time to first ulcer recurrence was > 12 months in lansoprazole patients. At Month 12, significantly (P < 0.001) more lansoprazole 15 mg patients (70%) and lansoprazole 30 mg patients (85%) remained healed. Eighty-two per cent of lansoprazole 15 mg and 76% of lansoprazole 30 mg patients remained asymptomatic during the entire study period. All placebo patients became symptomatic, experienced ulcer recurrence, or withdrew from the study by month six. The incidence of adverse events was comparable among the three treatment groups. Conclusions: Lansoprazole safely and effectively reduces duodenal ulcer recurrence and ulcer-related symptoms. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Kansas City Vet Adm Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO 64128 USA. Cleveland Clin, Dept Gastroenterol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. TAP Holdings, Deerfield, IL USA. RP Kovacs, TOG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Room 212, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 BP 959 EP 967 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 220QH UT WOS:000081677800017 PM 10383532 ER PT J AU Stewart, JE Strack, S Graves, P AF Stewart, JE Strack, S Graves, P TI Self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, dental health value, and dental plaque SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article AB Objective: This study measured the independent contributions of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and dental health value in predicting an objective measure of preventive oral hygiene behavior, dental plaque, Methods: One hundred forty-eight subjects completed study measures and then had their dental plaque levels measured, Results: Structural equation modeling revealed that self-efficacy for flossing significantly predicted plaque levels but self-efficacy for brushing, outcome expectations, and dental value did not. Conclusion: Results supported Bandura's belief that self-efficacy for specific behavior can predict outcomes of that behavior, and outcome expectations and value beliefs do not play an independent role in explaining behavior. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Dent Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Psychol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. RP Stewart, JE (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Dent Serv, 351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU PNG PUBLICATIONS PI STAR CITY PA PO BOX 4593, STAR CITY, WV 26504-4593 USA SN 1087-3244 J9 AM J HEALTH BEHAV JI Am. J. Health Behav. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 23 IS 4 BP 303 EP 310 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 209PN UT WOS:000081057100008 ER PT J AU Chen, L Keane, AT Every, NR AF Chen, L Keane, AT Every, NR TI The food and drug administration and atrial defibrillation devices SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; CORRIDOR OPERATION; CATHETER ABLATION; EXERCISE CAPACITY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; SINUS RHYTHM; FIBRILLATION; STROKE AB Context: Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia. It leads to significant morbidity and mortality, primarily from the increased incidence of stroke. The implantable atrial defibrillator, a new therapeutic option for the management of atrial fibrillation, is currently undergoing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) scrutiny for approval to market in the United States. Data Sources: A review of the basic epidemiology of atrial fibrillation, as well as the current status of accepted treatment options in light of the development of the implantable atrial defibrillator, was conducted. A literature search using the terms atrial fibrillation, implantable defibrillator, Food and Drug Administration, medical devices, and medical device regulatory law was conducted using the MEDLINE and Current Contents databases. Results: Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment of atrial fibrillation. Despite the lack of definitive studies showing overall benefit associated with maintaining sinus rhythm in patients in atrial fibrillation, the implantable atrial defibrillator may soon reach the general market. We examine the FDA process for the evaluation of this new medical device and discuss implications for the patient, physician, industry, and health insurers. Conclusions: Current FDA approval processes for new devices are a compromise between (a) the needs for expediency and encouraging innovation by the medical device industry and (b) the need to ensure that new devices will contribute to improved patient outcomes. We suggest alternative FDA- approval processes that address these issues. C1 Univ Washington, COR Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlrh Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Seattle, WA USA. RP Every, NR (reprint author), Univ Washington, COR Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 1910 Fairview Ave E,Suite 205, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY PI JAMESBURG PA 241 FORSGATE DR, STE 102, JAMESBURG, NJ 08831 USA SN 1088-0224 J9 AM J MANAG CARE JI Am. J. Manag. Care PD JUL PY 1999 VL 5 IS 7 BP 899 EP 909 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 219FV UT WOS:000081598000005 PM 10557410 ER PT J AU Tu, SP Taplin, SH Barlow, WE Boyko, EJ AF Tu, SP Taplin, SH Barlow, WE Boyko, EJ TI Breast cancer screening by Asian-American women in a managed care environment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE screening; mammography; Asians (Asian Americans); utilization ID UNITED-STATES; MAMMOGRAPHY; PROGRAM; TRENDS; RISK AB Context: Cross-sectional surveys show that Asian-American women are less likely to have had screening mammograms. Objective: To prospectively assess mammography screening by Asian-American women in a program with mailed recommendations and no out-of-pocket costs. Design: Two prospective cohort studies. Setting: A nonprofit health care system where women members greater than or equal to 40 years old are surveyed for breast cancer risk factors and enrolled into a screening program on survey completion. Participants: Program enrollment-All Asian-American women identified through a compilation of Asian surnames (Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Korean) and a random sample of 2000 women with non-Asian surnames, who were mailed a survey from May 1988 to April 1995. Mammogram participation-All Asian-American women and a random sample of 3000 women with non-Asian surnames, enrolled in the screening program and were mailed a first recommendation for screening from May 1988 to April 1994. Main Outcome Measures: Odds of program enrollment and mammogram use within one year (participation) by Asian-American women compared to non-Asian controls. Results: Compared to controls, Asian-American women were less likely to enroll in Breast Cancer Screening Program (BCSP) (odds ratio 0.53; 95% CI 0.43, 0.64). In aggregate, Asian American women had similar mammogram participation rates. Among older Chinese-American women participation was lower compared to controls (odds ratio 0.66; 95% CI 0.44, 0.97). Conclusion: Participation in mammography screening (program enrollment and participation) by Asian-American women was not necessarily enhanced by the removal of financial barriers. Variations of screening behavior among Asian-American women may be obscured when analyzed in aggregate. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Tu, SP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Box 359780,325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X FU NCI NIH HHS [UOICA 63731] NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 17 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(99)00043-4 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 216VQ UT WOS:000081465500009 PM 10429754 ER PT J AU Cohen, AJ Miller, YE AF Cohen, AJ Miller, YE TI Neuroendocrine differentiation, neuropeptides, and neprilysin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID IDIOPATHIC DIFFUSE HYPERPLASIA; NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE; LUNG-CANCER; EXPRESSION; CELLS C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr,Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Specialized Program Res Excellence Lung Canc, Div Pulm Sci & Crit Care Med,Dept Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Miller, YE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr,Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Specialized Program Res Excellence Lung Canc, Div Pulm Sci & Crit Care Med,Dept Med, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 215RZ UT WOS:000081397800002 PM 10447344 ER PT J AU Crawford, WW Yusin, JS Klaustermeyer, WB AF Crawford, WW Yusin, JS Klaustermeyer, WB TI Nonsurgical regression of thymoma following corticosteroid/azathioprine therapy SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMON VARIED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA; APLASIA C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Klaustermeyer, WB (reprint author), Vet Adm Wadsworth Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Sect 111R, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 83 IS 1 BP 13 EP 16 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 220CU UT WOS:000081647600002 PM 10437809 ER PT J AU Echevarria, KL Hardin, TC Smith, JA AF Echevarria, KL Hardin, TC Smith, JA TI Hyperlipidemia associated with protease inhibitor therapy SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE hyperlipidemia; protease inhibitors; human immunodeficiency virus ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; HIV-1 PROTEASE; RITONAVIR; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INTERFERON; LESIONS; LIPIDS AB OBJECTIVE: To report a case of extreme hyperlipidemia associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy and review the relevant literature concerning lipid abnormalities with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. CASE SUMMARY: A 35-year-old HIV-infected man developed a serum cholesterol of 1472 mg/dL and fasting serum triglycerides of 8660 mg/dL after initiation of antiretroviral therapy consisting of ritonavir, saquinavir, nevirapine, and didanosine. AU other medications had been stable during this time period and the abnormality resolved after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy and initiation of lipid-lowering therapy. The elevated cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations did not recur when therapy was reinstituted with nelfinavir, saquinavir, nevirapine, and didanosine. The hyperlipidemia then was attributed to ritonavir. DISCUSSION: Lipid abnormalities are common in patients with HIV infection and usually consist of hypocholesterolemia and moderate hypertriglyceridemia. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia have been reported with ritonavir and, less commonly, with other currently available protease inhibitors. Some cases of ritonavir-associated hyperlipidemia have been extreme. Although an association between hyperlipidemia and clinical consequences such as pancreatitis and atherosclerotic disease has not been well described with protease inhibitor therapy, pancreatitis is common in HIV-infected patients, it is possible that in some cases, protease inhibitor-induced hypertriglyceridemia may contribute to the development of pancreatitis. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal management of lipid abnormalities in HIV-infected patients is controversial, The potential benefit of reducing the incidence of pancreatitis and atherosclerotic events must be weighed against the risk of intolerance, toxicity, and drug interactions. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Echevarria, KL (reprint author), 406 E Whitener, Euless, TX 76040 USA. NR 23 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 33 IS 7-8 BP 859 EP 863 DI 10.1345/aph.18174 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 227VE UT WOS:000082100000016 PM 10466916 ER PT J AU Lopez-Ribot, JL McAtee, RK Perea, S Kirkpatrick, WR Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF AF Lopez-Ribot, JL McAtee, RK Perea, S Kirkpatrick, WR Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF TI Multiple resistant phenotypes of Candida albicans coexist during episodes of oropharyngeal candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AZOLE ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; FLUCONAZOLE RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR MECHANISMS; ORAL CANDIDIASIS; CHROMOGENIC AGAR; DRUG-RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CONTRIBUTE; AIDS; CORRELATE AB Mechanisms of resistance to azoles in Candida albicans, the main etiologic agent of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), include alterations in the target enzyme (lanosterol demethylase) and increased efflux of drug. Previous studies on mechanisms of resistance have been limited by the fact that only a single isolate from each OPC episode was available for study. Multiple isolates from each OPC episode were evaluated with oral samples plated in CHROMagar Candida with and without fluconazole to maximize detection of resistant yeasts. A total of 101 isolates from each of three serial episodes of OPC from four different patients were evaluated. Decreasing geometric means of fluconazole MICs with serial episodes of infection were detected in the four patients. However, 8-fold or larger (up to 32-fold) differences in fluconazole MICs were detected within isolates recovered at the same time point in 7 of 12 episodes. Strain identity was analyzed by DNA typing techniques and indicated that isolates from each patient represented mainly isogenic strains, but differed among patients. A Northern blot technique was used to monitor expression of ERG11 (encoding lanosterol demethylase) and genes coding for efflux pumps. This analysis revealed that clinical isolates obtained from the same patient and episode were phenotypically heterogeneous in their patterns of expression of these genes involved in fluconazole resistance. These results demonstrate the complexity of the distribution of the molecular mechanisms of antifungal drug resistance and indicate that different subpopulations of yeasts may coexist at a given time in the same patient and may develop resistance through different mechanisms. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Lopez-Ribot, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM ribot@uthscsa.edu RI Lopez-Ribot, Jose/D-2048-2010 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR001346, M01-RR-01346]; NIAID NIH HHS [1 R29 AI42401]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1 R01 DE11381, R01 DE011381] NR 38 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 43 IS 7 BP 1621 EP 1630 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 212HG UT WOS:000081210800015 PM 10390213 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR Realdi, G Osato, MS AF Dore, MP Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR Realdi, G Osato, MS TI Sensitivity of amoxicillin-resistant Helicobacter pylori to other penicillins SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB The sensitivities to penicillins and to a penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor combination agent were determined for Helicobacter pylori strains that were sensitive, moderately resistant, or highly resistant to amoxicillin. All strains were resistant to nafcillin and oxacillin. Moderately resistant strains showed an intermediate zone of inhibition to ticarcillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. High-level resistance was associated with the smallest zone size for all penicillins tested. C1 VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Sassari, Dept Internal Med, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. RP Dore, MP (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, 111D,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mariap@bcm.tmc.edu NR 10 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 43 IS 7 BP 1803 EP 1804 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 212HG UT WOS:000081210800051 PM 10390249 ER PT J AU Harada, ND Chiu, V Stewart, AL AF Harada, ND Chiu, V Stewart, AL TI Mobility-related function in older adults: Assessment with a 6-minute walk test SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological-Society-of-America CY NOV 07-18, 1997 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP Gerontol Soc Amer ID CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; EXERCISE CAPACITY; MUSCLE STRENGTH; DISEASE; AGE; PERFORMANCE; QUALITY; PEOPLE AB Objective: To determine the usefulness of the 6-minute walk test as an integrated measure of mobility in older adults. Design: Observational study. Setting: Community centers and retirement homes in the Los Angeles area. Patients: Eighty-six older adults without significant disease. Interventions: None Main Outcome Measures: Assessments included the 6-minute walk, chair stands, standing balance, gait speed, body mass index, and self-reported physical functioning and general health perceptions. Results: One-week test-retest reliability of the 6-minute walk was .95. As hypothesized, the 6-minute walk distance was significantly greater for active than for inactive older adults (p < .0001), moderately correlated with chair stands (r = .67), standing balance (r = .52), and gait speed (r = -.73). It had a low correlation with body mass index (r = -.07), The correlation of the 6-minute walk with self-reported physical functioning was .55, and its correlation with general health perceptions was .39. Self-report and performance measures explained 69% of the variance in 6-minute walk scores. Conclusions: The 6-minute walk test is reliable and is valid in relation to the performance and self-reported indicators of physical functioning tested in this study. It could serve as a useful integrated measure of mobility. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, PT, GRECC 11G, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, MEDTEP, RAND, VA,Ctr Asians & Pacific Islanders, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth & Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Harada, ND (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, PT, GRECC 11G, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS07370]; NIA NIH HHS [AG09931] NR 30 TC 190 Z9 196 U1 1 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 80 IS 7 BP 837 EP 841 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90236-8 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 214EY UT WOS:000081316700018 PM 10414771 ER PT J AU Huang, Y Jaffa, A Koskinen, S Takei, A Lopes-Virella, MF AF Huang, Y Jaffa, A Koskinen, S Takei, A Lopes-Virella, MF TI Oxidized LDL-containing immune complexes induce Fc gamma receptor I-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in THP-1 macrophages SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxidized LDL; immune complex; mitogen-activated protein kinase; Fc gamma receptor ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; UP-REGULATION; COLLAGEN; BIOSYNTHESIS; AUTOANTIBODIES; HYPERTROPHY AB Our previous studies have shown that Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R)-mediated uptake of LDL-containing immune complexes (oxLDL-ICs) by human monocyte-derived macrophages leads to not only transformation of macrophages into foam cells but also macrophage activation and release of cytokines. It has been shown that cross-linking of Fc gamma R triggers activation of signal transduction pathways that alter gene expression in macrophages. In this study, we determined whether engagement of Fc gamma R by oxLDL-ICs leads to activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway, a signaling cascade serving many important functions, including the regulation of gene expression, in THP-1 macrophage-like cells. Our results from immunoblotting, using specific anti-phosphorylated MAP kinase antibodies, showed that oxLDL-ICs induced extracellular signal regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) MAP kinase phosphorylation in THP-1 macrophage-like cells in time- and dose-dependent manners. Cholesterol loading before stimulation led to a longer phosphorylation of ERK2. Nuclear translocation of phosphorylated ERK was markedly increased after the stimulation. Moreover, our data showed that oxLDL-IC induction of MAP kinase was prevented by human monomeric IgG1, suggesting that the specific engagement of type I Fc gamma R by oxLDL-IC is responsible for the MAP kinase activation. Finally, we showed that human anti-oxLDL autoantibody-containing immune complexes immobilized on type I collagen induced MAP kinase activation in THP-1 cells. These results strongly suggest that oxLDL-IC, which has been detected in atherosclerotic plaques, may play an important role in macrophage activation and atherogenesis. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Lopes-Virella, MF (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, 114 Doughty St, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 44 TC 45 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1600 EP 1607 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 216BG UT WOS:000081420200003 PM 10397676 ER PT J AU Reite, M Teale, P Rojas, DC Sheeder, J Arciniegas, D AF Reite, M Teale, P Rojas, DC Sheeder, J Arciniegas, D TI Schizoaffective disorder: Evidence for reversed cerebral asymmetry SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE somatosensory evoked fields; cerebral laterality; magnetoencephalography; psychoses; M20 ID EVOKED MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; EXTENSIVE REORGANIZATION; SEX-DIFFERENCES; ADULT HUMANS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PSYCHOSIS; LATERALIZATION; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ABNORMALITIES AB Background: Schizoaffective disorder is one of the most severe of the affective psychoses, but its pathophysiology is poorly understood, Because cerebral lateralization may be disturbed in psychotic disorders generally, studies examining cerebral asymmetry may improve understanding of the neurobiology specific to schizoaffective disorder. This study examines cerebral lateralization in this patient population using magnetic source localization. Methods: We studied 16 subjects with schizoaffective disorder and 16 controls. Magnetic source localization was used to identify the location of the 20 msec latency somatosensory evoked field component (M20), Results: In control subjects, the source location was further anterior in the right hemisphere, The subjects with schizoaffective disorder were reverse lateralized, Conclusions: The findings of a reversed asymmetry of the M20 in patients with schizoaffective disorder suggest an anatomical shift in the placement of the post central gyrus in this disorder, compatible with a disorder of cerebral lateralization. Whether this finding converges or diverges with measurement of the M20 in other psychotic disorders will require further investigation (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Biomagnet Imaging Lab, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Mental Hlth Serv, Denver, CO USA. RP Reite, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Biomagnet Imaging Lab, Dept Psychiat, Box C268-68,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009; Rojas, Don/F-4296-2012 OI Rojas, Don/0000-0001-6560-9616; Sheeder, Jeanelle/0000-0002-4463-3569 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH47476] NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUL 1 PY 1999 VL 46 IS 1 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00053-0 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 210KE UT WOS:000081103400018 PM 10394484 ER PT J AU Corman, JM Moody, JA Aronson, WJ AF Corman, JM Moody, JA Aronson, WJ TI Fournier's gangrene in a modern surgical setting: improved survival with aggressive management SO BJU INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Fournier's gangrene; management; morbidity; mortality; debridement; surgery ID ETIOLOGY AB Objective. To examine the outcome of 23 consecutive patients with Fournier's gangrene. Patients and methods. Patients' charts were reviewed retrospectively from all those treated for Fournier's gangrene between July 1994 and July 1997 at the UCLA affiliated hospitals. Results. Twenty-three patients were identified (mean age 51.7 years, range 13-71). The aetiologies included perirectal abscess (43%), urethral stricture (30%), scrotal abscess (21%) and unknown (4%). Predisposing factors included diabetes mellitus (43%), steroids or chemotherapy (21%), alcohol abuse (43%), malignancy (26%) and radiation therapy (9%). All 23 patients initially received wide debridement and placement of a percutaneous suprapubic tube. At the time of the first surgery, total scrotectomy was required in all, colostomy in 17% and penectomy in 4%. An additional 35% required eventual colostomy and an additional 9% required a penectomy. Patients underwent repeat debridement a mean of 2.5 times; the overall survival was 96%. Conclusion. Survival can be improved in patients with Fournier's gangrene by combining aggressive surgical and medical management. The keys to successful outcome included a high index of suspicion, prompt fluid resuscitation, rapid initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, a multidisciplinary approach, early surgical intervention with radical debridement, haemodynamic support in an intensive care setting, and frequent repeat operative debridement. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Urol, W Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Corman, JM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Urol 112 UR, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 13 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1464-4096 J9 BJU INT JI BJU Int. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 84 IS 1 BP 85 EP 88 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 216GP UT WOS:000081433300017 PM 10444130 ER PT J AU Zavosh, A Schaefer, J Ferrel, A Figlewicz, DP AF Zavosh, A Schaefer, J Ferrel, A Figlewicz, DP TI Desipramine treatment decreases H-3-nisoxetine binding and norepinephrine transporter mRNA in SK-N-SHSY5Y cells SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE norepinephrine transporter; quantitative RTPCR; desipramine; neuroblastoma ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; DOWN-REGULATION; NORADRENALINE; EXPRESSION AB The antidepressant desipramine has been shown to decrease synaptic membrane concentrations of the norepinephrine re-uptake transporter (NET) in vivo and in vitro, on both an acute and a chronic basis. The possible contribution of decreased NET synthesis to the chronic downregulation of the NETs has not been definitively established. In this study, we treated SK-N-SHSY5Y cells with 100 nM desipramine for 24 or 72 h, and measured H-3-nisoxetine binding (as an estimate of NETs) and NET mRNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Similar to what has been reported previously, membrane 3H-nisoxetine binding was significantly decreased at both 24 and 72 h (approximately 50% at both time points). However, a significant decrease (64 +/- 8% of paired control) of NET mRNA was observed only at the 72-h time point. We conclude that decreased NET synthesis may contribute to the chronic, but not acute, effect of desipramine to downregulate the NET. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab 151, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Figlewicz, DP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Metab Endocrinol 151, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17047, R01 DK40963] NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD JUL 1 PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(99)00063-5 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 215TT UT WOS:000081399800008 PM 10424850 ER PT J AU Leyton, J Gozes, Y Pisegna, J Coy, D Purdom, S Casibang, M Zia, F Moody, TW AF Leyton, J Gozes, Y Pisegna, J Coy, D Purdom, S Casibang, M Zia, F Moody, TW TI PACAP(6-38) is a PACAP receptor antagonist for breast cancer cells SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE PACAP; VIP; breast cancer; proliferation ID CYCLASE-ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE; INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE VIP; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SPLICE VARIANTS; I RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; LUNG; GROWTH AB The effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) analogs were investigated using breast cancer cells. I-125-PACAP-27 bound with high affinity (Kd = 5 nM) to T47D cells (Bmax = 29,000 per cell). Specific I-125-PACAP-27 binding was inhibited half maximally by PACAP-27, PACAP-38, PACAP(6-38) and PACAP(28-38) with IC50 values of 8, 17, 750 and > 3000 nM, respectively. By RT-PCR, PACAP receptor mRNA was present in MCF-7 and T47D cell lines. Polyclonal antibodies to a PACAP receptor fragment (A-8-C) were elicited. The antibodies were affinity purified, recognized a 60-kDa protein by western blot, and stained malignant cells in breast cancer biopsy specimens by immunohistochemistry. PACAP-27 elevated the cAMP in T47D cells and the increase in cAMP caused by PACAP was inhibited by PACAP(6-38). PACAP-27 stimulated c-fos mRNA in T47D cells and the increase in c-fos gene expression caused by PACAP was reversed by PACAP(6-38). PACAP(6-38) inhibited colony formation using a soft agar assay and inhibited breast cancer xenograft growth in nude mice. These data suggest that PACAP(6-38) functions as a breast cancer PACAP receptor antagonist. C1 NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, Med Branch, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE VA UCLA, Ctr Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Med Branch, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Leyton, J (reprint author), NCI, Dept Cell & Canc Biol, Med Branch, MCI 9610 Med Ctr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-36107] NR 41 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 56 IS 2 BP 177 EP 186 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 239NW UT WOS:000082776400008 PM 10573110 ER PT J AU Safa, AA Tran, LM Rege, S Brown, CV Mandelkern, MA Wang, MB Sadeghi, A Juillard, G AF Safa, AA Tran, LM Rege, S Brown, CV Mandelkern, MA Wang, MB Sadeghi, A Juillard, G TI The role of positron emission tomography in occult primary head and neck cancers SO CANCER JOURNAL FROM SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 80th Annual Meeting of the American-Radium-Society CY MAY 02-06, 1998 CL MONTE CARLO, MONACO SP Amer Radium Soc DE emission CT; tomography; fluorine radioisotope; head and neck neoplasms; diagnosis ID UNKNOWN PRIMARY; CERVICAL METASTASES; FDG-PET; TUMORS; IRRADIATION; CARCINOMA AB PURPOSE To evaluate the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging in the workup of unknown primary head and neck tumors. METHODS Fourteen patients with squamous cell carcinoma of cervical lymph node metastasis of unknown primary origin (clinical stage N2-N3) were studied prospectively. The patients underwent conventional workup, including physical examination, computed tomography, and random biopsies of the potentially suspected sites. If no primary site was found, 8 to 13 mCi of FDG was given intravenously, and whole-body scans with standardized uptake values were obtained. The results of FDG-PET imaging were compared with clinical, CT, and histopathologic findings. To eliminate bias, PET scans were reviewed by nuclear medicine physicians who had no previous knowledge of the other findings. RESULTS PET identified the location of primary tumor in three patients: lung hilum, base of tongue, and pyriform sinus. These lesions were pathologically confirmed, AU these primary sites were not visualized on CT or physical examination, except for a pyriform sinus lesion, which was seen on CT, but initial biopsy result was negative. In one patient, the initial PET did not identify a primary tumor, but a nasopharyngeal carcinoma was identified in post-radiation therapy follow-up PET. In the remaining nine patients, a primary lesion was never found. All cervical lymph nodes detected by CT were identified by PET. DISCUSSION A previously unknown primary tumor can be identified with FDG-PET in about 21% of the patients in our prospective series. PET can be of value in guiding endoscopic biopsies for histologic diagnosis and treatment options. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiat Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Nucl Med & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Head & Neck Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Safa, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiat Oncol, 200 UCLA Mee Plaza,Suite B265, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 17 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1081-4442 J9 CANCER J SCI AM JI Cancer J. Sci. Am. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 5 IS 4 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 221VR UT WOS:000081748100005 PM 10439166 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, R Fitzgibbons, K Langer, CJ Sarna, L Eisenberg, P AF Iwamoto, R Fitzgibbons, K Langer, CJ Sarna, L Eisenberg, P TI Woman with lung cancer who continues to smoke SO CANCER PRACTICE LA English DT Article C1 Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Addict Treatment Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Med Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Nursing, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Community Hosp Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Iwamoto, R (reprint author), Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1065-4704 J9 CANCER PRACT JI Cancer Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 7 IS 4 BP 165 EP 169 PG 5 WC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing SC Oncology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing GA 217VQ UT WOS:000081520000002 ER PT J AU Levine, SM AF Levine, SM TI Can bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome be diagnosed by phone from the comfort of home? SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID LUNG-TRANSPLANTATION; HEART-LUNG; REJECTION; SPIROMETRY C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Levine, SM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 1999 VL 116 IS 1 BP 5 EP 6 DI 10.1378/chest.116.1.5 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 217RR UT WOS:000081513200003 PM 10424495 ER PT J AU Swartz, BE Goldensohn, ES AF Swartz, BE Goldensohn, ES TI Timeline of the history of EEG and associated fields (vol 106, pg 173, 1998) SO CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Epilepsy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Sch Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. RP Swartz, BE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Epilepsy Ctr, W127B,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 1388-2457 J9 CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI Clin. Neurophysiol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 110 IS 7 BP 1323 EP 1323 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 212LX UT WOS:000081219100020 ER PT J AU Adler, AI Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Smith, DG AF Adler, AI Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Smith, DG TI Lower-extremity amputation in diabetes - The independent effects of peripheral vascular disease, sensory neuropathy, and foot ulcers SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID LOWER-LIMB AMPUTATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; PHYSICAL-EXAMINATION; ULCERATION; MELLITUS; NIDDM; ABNORMALITIES; COMPLICATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY AB OBJECTIVE - To identify risk factors for lower-extremity amputation (LEA) in individuals with diabetes and to estimate the incidence of LEA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - This is a prospective study of 776 U.S. veterans in a general medicine clinic in Seattle, Washington. The outcome was first LEA during follow-up. Potential risk factors evaluated in proportional hazards models included, among others, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), sensory neuropathy, former LEA, foot deformities and ulcers, diabetes duration and treatment, and hyperglycemia. RESULTS - Associated with an increased risk for LEA were PVD defined as transcutaneous oxygen less than or equal to 50 mmHg (relative risk [RR] = 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-7.2), insensitivity to monofilament testing (RR = 2.9, odds ratio = 1.1-7.8), lower-extremity ulcers (RR = 2.5, CI 1.1-5.4), former LEA, and treatment with insulin when controlling for duration of diabetes and other factors in the model. PVD defined as absent or diminished lower-extremity pulses or an ankle arm index less than or equal to 0.8 was also associated with a significantly higher risk of LU in separate models. Foot ulcers were associated with an increased ipsilateral risk of amputation. The age-adjusted incidence among men only for LEA standardized to the 1991 U.S. male diabetic population was 11.3/1,000 patient-years. CONCLUSIONS- This prospective study shows that peripheral sensory neuropathy PVD, foot ulcers (particularly if they appear on the same side as the eventual LEA), former amputation, and treatment with insulin are independent risk factors for LEX in patients with diabetes. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Program, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthoped Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Adler, AI (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Radcliffe Infirm, Dept Clin Med, Diabet Res Labs, Woodstock Rd, Oxford OX2 6HE, England. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 45 TC 216 Z9 224 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 1999 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1029 EP 1035 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.7.1029 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 208XZ UT WOS:000081018900003 PM 10388962 ER PT J AU Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, V Forsberg, RC Davignon, DR Smith, DG AF Boyko, EJ Ahroni, JH Stensel, V Forsberg, RC Davignon, DR Smith, DG TI A prospective study of risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer - The Seattle diabetic foot study SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY; BLOOD-FLOW; OXYGEN-TENSION; PRESSURE; AMPUTATION; PERCEPTION; DIAGNOSIS; LIMBS; GREAT AB OBJECTIVE - Little prospective research exists on risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer that considers the independent effects of multiple potential etiologic agents. We prospectively studied the effects of diabetes characteristics, foot deformity, behavioral factors, and neurovascular function on foot ulcer risk among 749 diabetic veterans with 1,483 lower limbs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Eligible subjects included all diabetic enrollees of a general internal medicine clinic without fool ulcer, of whom 83% agreed to participate. Baseline assessment included history and lower-limb physical examination, tests for sensory and autonomic neuropathy, and measurements of macro- and microvascular perfusion in the foot. Subjects were followed for the occurrence of a full thickness skin defect on the foot that took >14 days to heal, with a mean follow-up of 3.7 years. RESULTS - Using stepwise Cox regression analysis, the following factors were independently related to foot ulcer risk: foot insensitivity to the 5.07 monofilament (relative risk [95% CI]) 2.2 (1.5-3.1), past history of amputation 2.8 (1.8-4.3) or foot ulcer 1.6 (1.2-2.3), insulin use 1.6 (1.1-2.2), Charcot deformity 3.5 (1.2-9.9), 15 mmHg higher dorsal foot transcutaneous Po-2 0.8 (0.7-0.9), 20 kg higher body weight 1.2 (1.1-1.4), 0.3 higher ankle-arm index 0.8 (0.7-1.0), poor vision 1.9 (1.4-2.6), and 13 mmHg orthostatic blood pressure fall 1.2 (1.1-1.5). Higher ulcer risk was associated with hammer/claw toe deformity and history of laser photocoagulation in certain subgroups. Unrelated to fool ulcer risk in multivariate models were diabetes duration and type, race, smoking status, diabetes education,joint mobility hallux blood pressure, and other foot deformities. CONCLUSIONS - Certain foot deformities, reduced skin oxygenation and foot perfusion, poor vision, greater body mass, and both sensory and autonomic neuropathy independently influence foot ulcer risk, thereby providing support For a multifactorial etiology For diabetic foot ulceration. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthoped Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Boyko, EJ (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, S-111-GIMC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 39 TC 264 Z9 271 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 1999 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1036 EP 1042 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.7.1036 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 208XZ UT WOS:000081018900004 PM 10388963 ER PT J AU Wirfel, KL Bruder, JM Vardag, A Roodman, GD AF Wirfel, KL Bruder, JM Vardag, A Roodman, GD TI Osteoclast function in healthy subjects and in patients with Paget's disease SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; MULTINUCLEATED CELLS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CHROMOSOME 18Q; BONE; EXPRESSION; MICE; OSTEOPETROSIS; LOCALIZATION; PRECURSORS AB Osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells, are important in normal bone remodeling. Resorption of bone by osteoclasts is coupled to osteoblastic bone formation. An increase in osteoclastic bone resorption relative to bone formation is found in many conditions, which lead to a net loss of bone resulting in osteoporosis. Like osteoporosis, Paget's disease of the bone is also characterized by an increase in osteoclastic resorption. It is an important clinical entity in our aging population, and the osteoclasts are the primary cells responsible for the characteristic bone lesions. Unlike osteoporosis, the profound increase in bone resorption is followed by excessive new bone formation. The study of the factors responsible for normal osteo elastic differentiation, maturation and activation has been invaluable in understanding the patho physiology of osteoporosis and Paget's disease. This review will focus on normal osteoclastic mor phology, the factors that affect osteoclast function and formation, and then contrast these with ab normalities of osteoclasts in Paget's disease. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Wirfel, KL (reprint author), 107 Charles Rd, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 9 IS 4 BP 263 EP 269 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 219LR UT WOS:000081609200005 ER PT J AU Hentunen, TA Jackson, SH Chung, H Reddy, SV Lorenzo, J Choi, SJ Roodman, GD AF Hentunen, TA Jackson, SH Chung, H Reddy, SV Lorenzo, J Choi, SJ Roodman, GD TI Characterization of immortalized osteoclast precursors developed from mice transgenic for both bcl-X-L and simian virus 40 large T antigen SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-LINES; IN-VITRO; MOUSE; BONE; MARROW; DIFFERENTIATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; GENERATION; RESORPTION AB We recently developed an immortalized osteoclast (OCL) precursor cell line that forms large numbers of OCLs. This cell line was derived from mice doubly transgenic for bcl-X-L, and large T antigen that was targeted to cells in the OCL lineage (bcl-X-L/Tag cells). We have now characterized these cells in terms of their surface and enzymatic phenotype, responsiveness to osteotropic factors, and differentiation potential. The bcl-X-L/Tag cells expressed interleukin-l receptors 1 and 2, gelatinase B (MMP9), as well as Mac-1, CD16/CD32 (Fc gamma receptors), CD45.2 (common leukocyte marker), CD86 (costimulatory molecule expressed on B cells, follicular dendritic cells, and thymic epithelium), major histocompatibility complex I, and nonspecific esterase when cocultured with MC3T3E1 cells. However, they did not express the antigens for F4/80 (mature macrophage/dendritic cell marker) by immunostaining. Treatment of bcl;X-L/Tag cells, cocultured with MC3T3E1 cells, with the combination of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3, and dexamethasone induced high levels of OCL formation. The bcl-X-L/Tag cells formed large numbers of OCLs when cultured with RANK ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the absence of feeder cells. In the absence of RANK ligand and a feeder cell layer, 100% of the cells differentiated into F4/80-positive cells. However, neither PTH nor PTH-related protein enhanced OCL formation by bcl-X-L/Tag cells even when they were cocultured with primary osteoblasts, suggesting that they differ from primary mouse bone mat-row cells in their responsiveness to PTWPTK-related protein. Thus, bcl-X-L/Tag cells have many of the properties of primary mouse OCL precursors and should be very useful for studies of OCL differentiation and divergence of OCL precursors from the macrophage lineage. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Res, Newington, CT 06111 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM roodman@uthscsa.edu NR 19 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUL PY 1999 VL 140 IS 7 BP 2954 EP 2961 DI 10.1210/en.140.7.2954 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 208JL UT WOS:000080987200004 PM 10385386 ER PT J AU Benbassat, C Shoba, LNN Newman, M Adamo, ML Frank, SJ Lowe, WL AF Benbassat, C Shoba, LNN Newman, M Adamo, ML Frank, SJ Lowe, WL TI Growth hormone-mediated regulation of insulin-like growth factor I promoter activity in C6 glioma cells SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACID PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SERUM RESPONSE ELEMENT; TRANSCRIPTION START SITES; JAK2 TYROSINE KINASE; IGF-I; GENE-EXPRESSION; TARGETED DISRUPTION; LEADER EXONS; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; STAT5 ACTIVATION AB The molecular mechanisms by which GH regulates insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) gene expression remain obscure. One difficulty has been the lack of established GH-responsive cell lines that express the IGF-I gene. To develop such a cell line, we used rat C6 glioma cells which, as determined by RNase protection assay, express the IGF-I gene but not the GH receptor gene. To confer GH responsiveness, C6 cells were cotransfected with vectors that express the GH receptor (pRc/CMV WTrGHR) and Jak2 (pRc/CMV Jak2). GH responsiveness was demonstrated using luciferase reporter genes containing either the Sis-inducible element from the c-fos gene (pTK81-SIE-Luc) or 6 copies of the GH-responsive GAS-like element (GLE) from the rat spt2. I gene (pSpi-GLE-Luc). The SIE is activated by binding of STAT1 and 3, whereas the GLE binds STAT5. In cells cotransfected with pRc/CMV WTrGHR, pRc/CMV Jak2, and either pTK81-SIE-Luc or pSpi GLE-Luc, treatment with 500 ng/ml GH for 24 h stimulated a 3.1- and 1.7-fold increase in luciferase activity, respectively. These data suggest that in C6 cells cotransfected with pRc/CMV WTrGHR and pRc/CMV Jak2, GH activates STAT1, 3, and 5. To determine whether GH-responsive IGF-I promoter activity could be demonstrated, C6 cells were cotransfected with pRc/CMV WTrGHR, pRc/CMV Jak2, and an IGF-I-luciferase fusion gene that contained a fragment of the rat IGF-I gene that extended from -412 in the 5'-flanking region of exon Ito the Met-22 in exon 3. GH stimulated a modest, but reproducible, 1.7-fold increase in luciferase activity in these cells, suggesting that a GH-responsive element is present in this region of the IGF-I gene. To better localize the GH-responsive element, cells were cotransfected with pRc/CMV WTrGHR, pRc/CMV Jak2 plus one of several IGF-I-Iuciferase fusion genes containing either fragments of one of the two promoters in the IGF-I gene or a fragment of intron 2 that includes a GH-responsive DNase I hypersensitivity site. For all constructs, treatment with GH for 24 h did not stimulate a significant increase in luciferase activity, suggesting that GH-responsive sequences are not located in these specific regions of the IGF-I gene or that GH-directed transcription of the IGF-I gene is mediated via several different regions of the IGF-I gene and the effect of any one of these regions in isolation was not sufficiently robust to be detected in this model system. In summary, transient expression of the GH receptor and Jak2 in C6 cells creates a GH-responsive system that activates STAT1, 3, and 5. Moreover, a fragment of the IGF-I gene that contains exons 1 and 2, a fragment of exon 3, and introns 1 and 2 is GH responsive using this model system. C1 Vet Affairs Chicago Healthcare Syst, Lakeside Div, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Lowe, WL (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Endocrinol Metab & Mol Med, Tarry 15-703,303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM wlowe@nwu.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46935, DK-47357] NR 61 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUL PY 1999 VL 140 IS 7 BP 3073 EP 3081 DI 10.1210/en.140.7.3073 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 208JL UT WOS:000080987200017 PM 10385399 ER PT J AU Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD AF Kwiatkowski, BA Zielinska-Kwiatkowska, AG Hickstein, DD TI Expression of the ETS family member Tel reverses the phenotype in cells expressing Fli-1. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 27 IS 7 SU 1 MA 63 BP 52 EP 52 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 209CM UT WOS:000081030100064 ER PT J AU Yang, L Embree, LJ Hickstein, DD AF Yang, L Embree, LJ Hickstein, DD TI TLS ERG leukemia fusion protein disrupts RNA splicing mediated by serine-arginine proteins. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 27 IS 7 SU 1 MA 86 BP 58 EP 58 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 209CM UT WOS:000081030100087 ER PT J AU Dallalio, G North, M Worden, BD Means, RT AF Dallalio, G North, M Worden, BD Means, RT TI Inhibition of human erythroid colony formation by ceramide SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE erythropoiesis; ceramide; interferon; anemia; apoptosis ID FAS-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; FORMING-UNITS; GAMMA-INTERFERON; SIGNALING PATHWAY; PROGENITOR CELLS; ERYTHROPOIETIN; QUANTITATION; SUPPRESSION; EXPRESSION AB In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the inhibitory effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 on human erythroid colony formation are indirect and mediated by beta and gamma interferon (IFN), respectively, which act directly upon erythroid colony forming units (CFU-E). The in vitro inhibitory effect of gamma IFN but not beta IFN is reversed by exposure to high concentrations of recombinant human (rh) erythropoietin (EPO), Ceramide, a product of sphingomyelin hydrolysis, is a known mediator of apoptotic effects of TNF, IL-1, and gamma IFN, In this report, the effects of ceramide on CFU-E colony formation and its implication in the model described above are evaluated. Endogenous ceramide produced by exposure to bacterial sphingomyelinase (0.2-2.0 U/mL) and exogenous cell-permeable ceramide (C-2-ceramide; 5 and 10 mM) significantly inhibited bone marrow CFU-E colony formation, This effect was reversed by the ceramide antagonist sphingosine-1l-phosphate (S-1-P), Inhibition of CFU-E by rh gamma IFN, but not rh beta IFN, was significantly reversed by S-1-P, rhEPO 10 U/mL reversed CFU-E inhibition by Cz-ceramide 10 mM, Exposure of marrow cells to rh gamma IFN led to a 57% increase in ceramide content, The present study demonstrates that colony formation by human CFU-E is inhibited by endogenous and exogenous ceramide, and that inhibition by rh gamma IFN can be reversed by the ceramide antagonist S-I-P, Inhibition of CFU-E colony formation by ceramide and by are both reversed by high concentrations of rhEPO, These findings strongly suggest that ceramide mediates inhibition of human CFU-E colony formation hv gamma IFN. (C) 1999 International Society for Experimental Hematology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 111, Hematol Oncol Sect, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Means, RT (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv 111, Hematol Oncol Sect, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53703] NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 27 IS 7 BP 1133 EP 1138 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(99)00054-5 PG 6 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 207ZT UT WOS:000080966200003 PM 10390188 ER PT J AU Barrett, JE Williams, JW Oxman, TE Katon, W Frank, E Hegel, MT Sullivan, M Schulberg, HC AF Barrett, JE Williams, JW Oxman, TE Katon, W Frank, E Hegel, MT Sullivan, M Schulberg, HC TI The treatment effectiveness project. A comparison of the effectiveness of paroxetine, problem-solving therapy, and placebo in the treatment of minor depression and dysthymia in primary care patients: Background and research plan SO GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW SCHEDULE; MENTAL-DISORDERS; GENERAL-PRACTICE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; EMOTIONAL DISORDERS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; PHYSICIANS; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOTHERAPY; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB This report describes the background, rationale, and research plan for a comparative treatment trial of the effectiveness of paroxetine, problem-solving therapy (PST-PC), and placebo in the treatment of minor depression and dysthymia in primary care patients. Patients were recruited from a variety of primary care practice settings in Jour separate geographic locations (Hanover, New Hampshire; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; San Antonio, Texas; and Seattle, Washington). Patients were randomly assigned to each of the three intervention conditions the medication/placebo conditions were double-blinded. The treatment trial was II weeks, with independent assessments of patient clinical status at baseline, 6 weeks, and II weeks. There was a follow-up at 25 weeks. Since there are relatively few placebo-controlled trials in primary care settings on patients with these disorders, the background of this project and a description of it are presented at ellis time, prior to the avaliability of outcome data, to proving methodological detail and to increase awareness in Nle research community of this treatment trial, with results to appear subsequently. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Barrett, JE (reprint author), Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, 7250 Strasenburgh, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 59 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0163-8343 J9 GEN HOSP PSYCHIAT JI Gen. Hosp. Psych. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 21 IS 4 BP 260 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0163-8343(99)00023-7 PG 14 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 239KQ UT WOS:000082767600006 PM 10514950 ER PT J AU Johnson, RJ Gordon, KL Suga, S Duijvestijn, AM Griffin, K Bidani, A AF Johnson, RJ Gordon, KL Suga, S Duijvestijn, AM Griffin, K Bidani, A TI Renal injury and salt-sensitive hypertension after exposure to catecholamines SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE phenylephrine; renal circulation; hypertension, episodic; sympathetic nervous system ID SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TUBULOINTERSTITIAL DISEASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; ANGIOTENSIN-II; POTENTIAL ROLE; NOREPINEPHRINE; OSTEOPONTIN; KIDNEY; CELLS; DAMAGE AB We investigated whether chronic infusion of phenylephrine could induce structural and functional changes in the kidney of rats with the subsequent development of salt-sensitive hypertension. Rats were infused with phenylephrine (0.15 mmol/kg per day) by minipump, resulting in a moderate increase in systolic blood pressure (BP) (17 to 25 mm Hg) and a marked increase in BP variability as measured by an internal telemetry device. After 8 weeks, the phenylephrine infusion was stopped with the return of BP to normal, and a nephrectomy was performed for histological studies. Glomeruli were largely spared, but focal tubulointerstitial fibrosis was present, with the de novo expression of osteopontin by injured tubules, macrophage and "myofibroblast" accumulation, and focal increases in mRNA for transforming growth factor beta by in situ hybridization, Peritubular capillaries at sites of injury had distorted morphology with shrinkage, rounding, and focal rarefaction, and endothelial cell proliferation was also identified. Rats were randomized to a high (8% NaCl or 1.36 mol/kg) or low (0.1% NaCl or 17 mmol/kg) salt diet. After 4 to 8 weeks, phenylephrine-treated rats on a high salt diet developed marked hypertension, which was in contrast with phenylephrine-treated rats placed on a low salt diet or vehicle-treated rats given a high salt diet, Hypertension after phenylephrine exposure correlated with the initial mean systolic BP (r(2)=0.99) and the degree of BP lability (r(2)=0.99) during the phenylephrine infusion, the amount of osteopontin expressed in the initial biopsy/nephrectomy (r(2)=0.74), and the final glomerular filtration rate (r(2)=0.58). These studies provide a mechanism by which a markedly elevated sympathetic nervous system can induce salt-dependent hypertension even when the hyperactive sympathetic state is no longer engaged. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Maastricht, Dept Internal Med, Immunol Sect, Maastricht, Netherlands. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Johnson, RJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Box 356521, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47659, DK-52121, DK-43422] NR 44 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD JUL PY 1999 VL 34 IS 1 BP 151 EP 159 PG 9 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 217XW UT WOS:000081525100027 PM 10406839 ER PT J AU Means, RT AF Means, RT TI Advances in the anemia of chronic disease SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE anemia; erythropoiesis; ferrokinetics; cytokines; tumor necrosis factor; interferon-beta; interferon-gamma; interleukin-1 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; COLONY-FORMING-UNITS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; FACTOR-ALPHA; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTORS; ERYTHROID PROGENITORS; AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD; CELLS-INVITRO AB The anemia found in patients with chronic infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders, known as the anemia of chronic disease (ACD), is one of the most common syndromes in medicine. A characteristic finding of the disorders associated with ACD is increased production of the cytokines that mediate the immune or inflammatory response, such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and the interferons. All the processes involved in the development of ACD can be attributed to these cytokines, including shortened red cell survival, blunted erythropoietin response to anemia, impaired erythroid colony formation in response to erythropoietin, and abnormal mobilization of reticuloendothelial iron stores. In this review advances in the understanding of the diagnostic, pathophysiologic, and therapeutic aspects of this syndrome are summarized. (C) 1999 The Japanese Society of Hematology. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC USA. RP Means, RT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, 903 CSB,96 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53703] NR 61 TC 117 Z9 124 U1 2 U2 5 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0925-5710 J9 INT J HEMATOL JI Int. J. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 70 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 284RW UT WOS:000085347100002 PM 10446488 ER PT J AU Freedman, R Adler, LE Olincy, A Leonard, S AF Freedman, R Adler, LE Olincy, A Leonard, S TI Inhibition of P50 auditory evoked potentials in schizophrenia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8760 J9 INT J PSYCHOPHYSIOL JI Int. J. Psychophysiol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 33 IS 1 MA 62 BP 53 EP 54 PG 2 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 223AF UT WOS:000081817000069 ER PT J AU Deem, S Hedges, RG McKinney, S Polissar, NL Alberts, MK Swenson, ER AF Deem, S Hedges, RG McKinney, S Polissar, NL Alberts, MK Swenson, ER TI Mechanisms of improvement in pulmonary gas exchange during isovolemic hemodilution SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anemia; oxygen; carbon dioxide; rabbits ID BLOOD-FLOW DISTRIBUTION; NORMOVOLEMIC HEMODILUTION; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT; SEA-LEVEL; MICROVASCULAR HEMODYNAMICS; HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION; EXTREME HEMODILUTION; SIMULATED ALTITUDE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; O-2 TRANSPORT AB Severe anemia is associated with remarkable stability of pulmonary gas exchange (S. Deem, M. K. Alberts, M. J. Bishop, A. Bidani, and E. R. Swenson. J. Appl. Physiol. 83: 240-246, 1997), although the factors that contribute to this stability have not been studied in detail. In the present study, 10 Flemish Giant rabbits were anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated at a fixed minute ventilation. Serial hemodilution was performed in five rabbits by simultaneous withdrawal of blood and infusion of an equal volume of 6% hetastarch; five rabbits were followed over a comparable time. Ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) relationships were studied by using the multiple inert-gas-elimination technique, and pulmonary blood flow distribution was assessed by using fluorescent microspheres. Expired nitric oxide (NO) was measured by chemiluminescence. Hemodilution resulted in a linear fall in hematocrit over time, from 30 +/- 1.6 to 11 +/- 1%. Anemia was associated with an increase in arterial Po-2 in comparison with controls (P < 0.01 between groups). The improvement in O-2 exchange was associated with reduced VA/Q heterogeneity, a reduction in the fractal dimension of pulmonary blood flow (P = 0.04), and a relative increase in the spatial correlation of pulmonary blood flow (P = 0.04). Expired NO increased with anemia, whereas it remained stable in control animals (P < 0.0001 between groups). Anemia results in improved gas exchange in the normal lung as a result of an improvement in overall VA/Q matching. In turn, this may be a result of favorable changes in pulmonary blood flow distribution, as assessed by the fractal dimension and spatial correlation of blood flow and as a result of increased NO availability. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Anesthesiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Mt Whisper Light Stat Cousulting, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Deem, S (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 325 9th Ave,Box 359724, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-45571, HL-03796-01] NR 62 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 87 IS 1 BP 132 EP 141 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 215HN UT WOS:000081376200018 PM 10409567 ER PT J AU Giri, D Ropiquet, F Ittmann, M AF Giri, D Ropiquet, F Ittmann, M TI FGF9 is an autocrine and paracrine prostatic growth factor expressed by prostatic stromal cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR FAMILY; FIBROBLAST; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN AB Polypeptide growth factors, including members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, play an important role in the growth and maintenance of the normal prostate. We have found that FGF9 is expressed at high levels in the normal peripheral and transition zone of the human prostate. Analysis of FGF9 production by primary cultures of prostatic epithelial and stromal cells has shown that FGF9 is produced and secreted by the prostatic stromal cells. Neither of these processes appears to be modulated by androgens. Production of FGF9 by stromal cells in vivo was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. FGF9 is a potent mitogen for both prostatic epithelial and stromal cells in culture and is a more potent mitogen for these cells than either FGF2 or FGF7, two other FGFs expressed in the human prostate. FGF9 is an abundant secreted growth factor that can act as both a paracrine mitogen for epithelial cells and an autocrine mitogen for stromal cells. Western blot analysis of tissue extracts from the normal and hyperplastic transition zone shows that FGF9 is present at two to threefold higher levels in the hyperplastic transition zone. Overexpression of this paracrine and autocrine growth factor may play an important tote in the epithelial and stromal proliferation in benign prostatic hyperplasia. (C)1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), VAMC, Res Serv 151, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK54170-02] NR 17 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 180 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199907)180:1<53::AID-JCP6>3.0.CO;2-P PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 200ZX UT WOS:000080571100006 PM 10362017 ER PT J AU Lorr, M Strack, S AF Lorr, M Strack, S TI A study of Benjamin's eight-facet Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model (vol 55, pg 207, 1999) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lorr, M (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9762 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Clin. Psychol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 55 IS 7 BP 924 EP 924 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199907)55:7<924::AID-JCLP14>3.0.CO;2-1 PG 1 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 213FC UT WOS:000081261200014 ER PT J AU Fiscus, SA Adimora, AA Schoenbach, VJ McKinney, R Lim, W Rupar, D Kenny, J Woods, C Wilfert, C Johnson, VA AF Fiscus, SA Adimora, AA Schoenbach, VJ McKinney, R Lim, W Rupar, D Kenny, J Woods, C Wilfert, C Johnson, VA TI Trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, and antiretroviral treatment of HIV-infected women and perinatal transmission in North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th World AIDS Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 1998 CL GENEVA, SWITZERLAND ID MOTHER-TO-INFANT; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; ZIDOVUDINE THERAPY; VIRAL LOAD; TYPE-1; PREGNANCY; REDUCTION; RESISTANCE; RISK AB Since 1993, trends in perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission have been monitored by use of chart review of patients identified at a central diagnostic laboratory. In the population studied, either pre- or postnatal antiretroviral therapy to the infant increased from 21% in 1993 to 95% in 1997, Concurrently, the number of HIV-infected infants declined from 25 in 1993 to 4 in 1997, The complete Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 regimen was the most effective in reducing transmission (3.1%). Twenty-two of 35 infants who became infected in 1995-1997 had mothers who did not receive antiretroviral therapy, although counseling practices improved with time. In 1995, 87% of the mothers of HIV-seropositive infants were counseled, whereas in 1997, 96% were counseled (P<.005), None of 59 infants tested had high-level phenotypic zidovudine resistance, although 5 (8.8%) of 57 infants had virus isolates with at least one mutation in the reverse transcriptase gene associated with reduced phenotypic susceptibility to zidovudine. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Carolinas Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Charlotte, NC 28203 USA. E Carolina Univ, Dept Pediat, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Fiscus, SA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, CB 7140, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-40876, AI-127535, AI-41530] NR 30 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 180 IS 1 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1086/314840 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 210YA UT WOS:000081132100014 PM 10353867 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Kahlon, SS Culbreth, R Cooper, JAD AF Lee, JS Kahlon, SS Culbreth, R Cooper, JAD TI Modulation of monocyte chemokine production and nuclear factor kappa B activity by oxidants SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 GENE; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-1; INTERLEUKIN-8 IL-8; SYNOVIAL-FLUID; EXPRESSION; CELLS; CYTOKINES; TRANSCRIPTION AB Reactive oxygen species can directly damage tissue. In this setting, amplification of tissue damage also occurs through infiltration of inflammatory cells either acutely or chronically. Several recent studies suggest that reactive oxygen species stimulate production of certain chemokines, which are potent chemoattractants for inflammatory cells. In the present study, we examined whether oxidants, generated by the combination of xanthine and xanthine oxidase (X/XO), alter chemokine production by monocytes and U937 cells. Our findings demonstrate that X/XO stimulates monocytes, but not U937 cells, to produce increased amounts of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein. This effect is attenuated by pretreatment with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, but is not affected by superoxide dismutase or catalase, In contrast, X/XO-induced cytotoxicity, evidenced by lactate dehydrogenase release, is mediated primarily by hydrogen peroxide, as catalase reverses this effect. Finally, exposure to X/XO causes an increase in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), and this effect is attenuated by DMSO, These studies suggest that reactive oxygen species can induce production of molecules that amplify inflammation through attraction of inflammatory cells, It appears the hydroxyl radical is the principal oxidant species involved in stimulation of chemokine production. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Pulm Sect, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Pulm Sect, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Cooper, JAD (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Pulm Sect, 215 Tinsley Harrison Tower,1900 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1079-9907 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 19 IS 7 BP 761 EP 767 DI 10.1089/107999099313613 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 224LA UT WOS:000081899500009 PM 10454347 ER PT J AU Asch, DA AF Asch, DA TI From boardroom to bedside: Bioethical implications of policy research for clinical practice SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 47 IS 6 BP 273 EP 277 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 215HP UT WOS:000081376300005 PM 10431481 ER PT J AU Medh, JD Bowen, SL Fry, GL Ruben, S Hill, J Wong, H Chappell, DA AF Medh, JD Bowen, SL Fry, GL Ruben, S Hill, J Wong, H Chappell, DA TI Hepatic triglyceride lipase promotes low density lipoprotein receptor-mediated catabolism of very low density lipoproteins in vitro SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hepatic lipase; lipoprotein lipase; LDL receptor; LDL receptor-related protein; heparan sulfate proteoglycans ID PROTEIN ALPHA(2)-MACROGLOBULIN RECEPTOR; CHYLOMICRON REMNANT-REMOVAL; ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES; CELLULAR CATABOLISM; TERMINAL DOMAIN; LDL RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; III HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E AB We demonstrate here that hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) enhances VLDL degradation in cultured cells by a LDL receptor-mediated mechanism, VLDL binding at 4 degrees C and degradation at 37 degrees C by normal fibroblasts was stimulated by HTGL in a dose-dependent manner. A maximum increase of up to 7-fold was seen at 10 mu g/ml HTGL, Both VLDL binding and degradation were significantly increased (4-fold) when LDL receptors were up-regulated by treatment with lovastatin, HTGL also stimulated VLDL degradation by LDL receptor-deficient FH fibroblasts but the level of maximal degradation was 40-fold lower than in lovastatin-treated normal fibroblasts, A prominent role for LDL receptors was confirmed by demonstration of similar HTGL-promoted VLDL degradation by normal and LRP-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts, HTGL enhanced binding and internalization of apoprotein-free triglyceride emulsions, however, this was LDL receptor-independent. HTGL-stimulated binding and internalization of apoprotein-free emulsions was totally abolished by heparinase indicating that it was mediated by HSPG, In a cell-free assay HTGL competitively inhibited the binding of VLDL to immobilized LDL receptors at 4 degrees C suggesting that it may directly bind to LDL receptors but may not bind VLDL particles at the same time. We conclude that the ability of HTGL to enhance VLDL degradation is due to its ability to concentrate lipoprotein particles on HSPG sites on the cell surface leading to LDL receptor-mediated endocytosis and degradation. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Medh, JD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL49264] NR 68 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1263 EP 1275 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 212CN UT WOS:000081198900010 PM 10393211 ER PT J AU Seaton, BE Allen, DN Goldstein, G Kelley, ME van Kammen, DP AF Seaton, BE Allen, DN Goldstein, G Kelley, ME van Kammen, DP TI Relations between cognitive and symptom profile heterogeneity in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; SUBTYPES; DEFINITION; DICHOTOMY AB Although numerous studies have consistently revealed cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia, the relationships between such heterogeneity and clinical phenomenology are not clear. Clusters derived from cognitive heterogeneity studies may or may not be associated with symptom profile or severity of illness. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cognitive heterogeneity and demographic and clinical phenomenological measures. We examined cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia by empirically deriving clusters of patients based upon WAIS-R subtest scores and then analyzed the way in which these clusters related to demographic and symptom variables and to DSM-III-R, diagnostic subtypes. Four cognitive clusters were identified that were consistent with previous research. These clusters were differentiated on the basis of educational level and occupational status but not on the basis of symptom profile, severity, or DSM-III-R subtypes. Results suggest that cognitive measures are independent of severity of the disorder and phenomenological symptom presentation in these subgroups of schizophrenic patients. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Psychiat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Global Clin Res, Raritan, NJ 08864 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01MH44-841] NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 187 IS 7 BP 414 EP 419 DI 10.1097/00005053-199907000-00004 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 217BU UT WOS:000081480200004 PM 10426461 ER PT J AU Taub, E AF Taub, E TI New discovery equals change in clinical practice SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Taub, E (reprint author), Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 0 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 36 IS 3 BP VII EP VIII PG 2 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VJ UT WOS:000085584900001 PM 10659797 ER PT J AU Legro, MW Reiber, G del Aguila, M Ajax, MJ Boone, DA Larsen, JA Smith, DG Sangeorzan, B AF Legro, MW Reiber, G del Aguila, M Ajax, MJ Boone, DA Larsen, JA Smith, DG Sangeorzan, B TI Issues of importance reported by persons with lower limb amputations and prostheses SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE lower limb amputation; lower limb prosthesis; quality of life; rehabilitation ID QUESTIONNAIRE; PROFILE; AMPUTEE AB The purpose of this paper is to report prosthesis-related issues of importance that were identified by a diverse group of persons living with lower limb amputations (LLA) and prostheses. These perceptions and themes validate some old assumptions and challenge others, report both common and unusual experiences, and indirectly identify the information level of our respondents concerning prostheses. Persons with LLA were identified from computerized rosters at a level one regional trauma center and at the VA Puget Sound Health Care System-Seattle, Division. Inclusion criteria specified that respondents were to: 1)be one or more years post-unilateral amputation at the Syme's level (ankle disarticulation) or higher, 2) use their prosthesis at least 5 days a week, 3) read English, and 4) be able to provide informed consent. Respondents completed the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire-field version (PEQ) and the standard form (SF)-36, a health status measure. Of 114 persons who agreed to participate, 92 (85% male, mean age 55 years) responded to the questionnaire and graded the personal importance of various characteristics and qualities of their prosthesis. The number of years since their last amputation ranged from 1 to 53 years. Four Themes of Interest were identified from responses to open-ended questions about living with a prosthesis. These themes included the fit of the socket with the residual limb, aspects of the mechanical functioning of the prosthesis, other nonmechanical qualities, and advice about adaptation to life with a prosthesis with support from others. Future research is recommended to adjust aspects of the fit of the prosthesis with the residual limb. Implementing periodic check-up visits could uncover problems and eliminate unnecessary suffering. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Washington Dental Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Battelle, Seattle, WA USA. Prosthet Res Study, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. RP Legro, MW (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, HSR&D 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 12 TC 90 Z9 94 U1 2 U2 13 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 36 IS 3 BP 155 EP 163 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VJ UT WOS:000085584900002 PM 10659798 ER PT J AU Franco, JC Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME AF Franco, JC Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME TI Knee kinetics during functional electrical stimulation induced cycling in subjects with spinal cord injury: A preliminary study SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE bicycling; biomechanics; joint reaction forces; kinetics; knee joint; osteopenia; spinal cord injured ID BONE-DENSITY; EXERCISE; OSTEOPOROSIS; MOMENTS; MUSCLE AB The purpose of this preliminary study was to describe pedal effectiveness parameters and knee-joint reaction forces generated by subjects with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) during functional electrical stimulation (FES)-induced bicycling. Three male subjects (age 33-36 years old), who were post-traumatic SCI (ASIA-modified level A, level T4-C5) and enrolled in an FES rehabilitation program, signed informed consent forms and participated in this study. Kinematic data and pedal forces during bicycling were collected and effective force, knee-joint reaction forces, knee generalized muscle moments, and knee-joint power and work were calculated. There were three critical findings of this study: 1) pedaling effectiveness was severely compromised in this subject population as indicated by a lack of overall positive crank work; 2) knee-joint kinetics were similar in magnitude to data reported for unimpaired individuals pedaling at higher rates and workloads, suggesting excessive knee-joint loading for subjects with SCI; and 3) shear reaction forces and muscle moments were opposite in direction to data reported for unimpaired individuals, revealing an energetically unfavorable knee stabilizing mechanism. The critical findings of this study suggest that knee-joint kinetics may be large enough to produce a fracture in the compromised lower limbs of individuals with SCI. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Orthoped, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. W Los Angeles Hlthcare Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Mt St Marys Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, Los Angeles, CA USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Hlth & Performance Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Perell, KL (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr 691, PM&R Gait Lab 117G, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 36 IS 3 BP 207 EP 216 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VJ UT WOS:000085584900008 PM 10659804 ER PT J AU Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Donovan, DM AF Baer, JS Kivlahan, DR Donovan, DM TI Integrating skills training and motivational therapies - Implications for the treatment of substance dependence SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE motivational enhancement; relapse prevention; skills-training; therapeutic style; treatment integration ID ENHANCING MOTIVATION; PROBLEM DRINKERS; ALCOHOLISM; READINESS; BEHAVIOR; DRINKING; RISK AB Two well-articulated models of substance abuse treatment, skills training and motivational enhancement, have received considerable research attention in recent years. Skills training treatments operate on the underlying rationale of correcting skills deficits, whereas motivational strategies are based on affecting clients' willingness to use skills they already possess. Skills training and motivational enhancement are typically described as distinct treatments and have recently been constructed as different treatments within a large multisite trial in the United States (Project MATCH). This article explores how treatments for substance abuse can draw from and integrate skills training and motivational strategies. Recovery from addictive patterns of behavior often requires learning over time and typically involves slips, relapses, and multiple quit attempts. Therapeutic support for change in addictive behavior, in particular attempting to prevent and minimize relapse, requires assessment and support of both why one might pursue change (motivation) and how one carl best be successful (skills). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Inst Alcohol & Drug Abuse, Seattle, WA USA. RP Baer, JS (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,116 MATCH, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 44 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD JUL-SEP PY 1999 VL 17 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(98)00072-5 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 221MJ UT WOS:000081730600003 PM 10435249 ER PT J AU Bozkurt, B Villaneuva, FS Holubkov, R Tokarczyk, T Alvarez, RJ MacGowan, GA Murali, S Rosenblum, WD Feldman, AM McNamara, DM AF Bozkurt, B Villaneuva, FS Holubkov, R Tokarczyk, T Alvarez, RJ MacGowan, GA Murali, S Rosenblum, WD Feldman, AM McNamara, DM TI Intravenous immune globulin in the therapy of peripartum cardiomyopathy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; ACUTE MYOCARDITIS; HEART-FAILURE; TRANSPLANTATION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PREGNANCY; TRIAL AB OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the effect of therapy with intravenous immune globulin on recovery of left ventricular function in women presenting with peripartum cardiomyopathy. BACKGROUND Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare complication of pregnancy that results in significant morbidity and mortality in women of childbearing age. Intravenous immune globulin has been reported to improve left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, but its effectiveness in peripartum cardiomyopathy is unknown. METHODS In this retrospective study, we compared the clinical outcomes of six women with peripartum cardiomyopathy treated with intravenous immune globulin (2 g/kg) with those of 11 recent historical control subjects. All women in the study were referred between 1991 and 1998 with class II to IV heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of <0.40. Left ventricular ejection was reassessed during early follow-up (6.1 +/- 2.9 months). RESULTS The two groups did not differ in terms of baseline left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, months to presentation, age or multiparity. The improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction in patients treated with immune globulin was significantly greater than in the conventionally treated group (increase of 26 +/- 8 ejection fraction units vs. 13 +/- 13, p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS In this small retrospective study of women with peripartum cardiomyopathy, patients treated with immune globulin had a greater improvement in ejection fraction during early follow-up than patients treated conventionally. Given the poor prognosis of women with peripartum cardiomyopathy who do not improve, this therapy merits further study. (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Cardiol Sect, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP McNamara, DM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, 200 Lothrop St,S558 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 28 TC 105 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 34 IS 1 BP 177 EP 180 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00161-8 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 213GT UT WOS:000081264900026 PM 10400008 ER PT J AU Campbell, AJ Robertson, MC Gardner, MM Norton, RN Buchner, DM AF Campbell, AJ Robertson, MC Gardner, MM Norton, RN Buchner, DM TI Psychotropic medication withdrawal and a home-based exercise program to prevent falls: A randomized, controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE psychotropic medication; exercise; falls ID NURSING-HOME; ELDERLY PEOPLE; FICSIT TRIALS; RISK-FACTORS; OLDER WOMEN; COMMUNITY; BALANCE; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; FRACTURES; RESIDENTS AB OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of psychotropic medication withdrawal and a home-based exercise program in reducing falls in older people. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial with a two by two factorial design. SETTING: Seventeen general practices in Dunedin, New Zealand. PARTICIPANTS: Women and men aged 65 years registered with a general practitioner and currently taking psychotropic medication (n = 93). INTERVENTIONS: Two interventions: (1) gradual withdrawal of psychotropic medication versus continuing to take psychotropic medication (double blind) and (2) a home-based exercise program versus no exercise program (single blind). MEASUREMENTS: Number of falls and falls risk during 44 weeks of follow-up. Analysis was on an intent to treat basis. RESULTS: After 44 weeks, the relative hazard for falls in the medication withdrawal group compared with the group taking their original medication was .34 (95% CI, .16-.74). The risk of falling for the exercise program group compared with those not receiving the exercise program was not significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Withdrawal of psychotropic medication significantly reduced the risk of falling, but permanent withdrawal is very difficult to achieve. C1 Dunedin Sch Med, Fac Med, Otago Med Sch, Dunedin, New Zealand. Univ Auckland, Sch Med, Injury Prevent Res Ctr, Auckland 1, New Zealand. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Campbell, AJ (reprint author), Dunedin Sch Med, Fac Med, Otago Med Sch, POB 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. RI Robertson, Mary Clare/A-3964-2009 NR 23 TC 256 Z9 263 U1 4 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 47 IS 7 BP 850 EP 853 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 214HW UT WOS:000081323400012 PM 10404930 ER PT J AU McFall, M Fontana, A Raskind, M Rosenheck, R AF McFall, M Fontana, A Raskind, M Rosenheck, R TI Analysis of violent behavior in Vietnam combat veteran psychiatric inpatients with posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE Vietnam veterans; PTSD; violence ID MENTAL-ILLNESS; ANGER; AGGRESSION; COMMUNITY; ASSAULT; SUPPORT; ABUSE; PTSD; FEAR AB This study tested the hypothesis that male Vietnam veterans seeking inpatient treatment for PTSD (n = 228) exhibit more violent behavior compared with a mixed diagnostic group of male psychiatric inpatients without PTSD (n = 64) and a community sample of Vietnam veterans with PTSD not undergoing inpatient treatment (n = 273). Violent acts assessed included property destruction, threats without a weapon, physical fighting, and threats with a weapon. PTSD inpatients engaged in more types of violent behavior than both comparison conditions Correlates of violence among PTSD inpatients included PTSD symptom severity and to a lesser degree, measures of substance abuse. These findings justify routine assessment of violent behavior among inpatients with PTSD, as well as application of specialized interventions for anger dyscontrol and aggression. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Connecticut Hlth Care Syst, New Haven, CT USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP McFall, M (reprint author), 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 37 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JUL PY 1999 VL 12 IS 3 BP 501 EP 517 DI 10.1023/A:1024771121189 PG 17 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 227ZM UT WOS:000082110100007 PM 10467558 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, ES Viscoli, CM Henrich, JB AF LeBlanc, ES Viscoli, CM Henrich, JB TI Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy is associated with adverse breast cancer prognostic indices SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH & GENDER-BASED MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HORMONE-THERAPY; WOMEN; RISK; MORTALITY; INDICATORS; RECEPTOR; SURVIVAL; DISEASE; COHORT AB Previous studies have reported that breast cancer patients who used estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) have more favorable tumor characteristics and decreased mortality compared with nonusers. However, these findings may be due partly to increased medical surveillance in ERT users and detection of early stage tumors. Postmenopausal women with biopsy-proven breast cancer (n = 108) were identified based on their participation in screening mammography. Based on self-administered questionnaires completed at the time of mammography, 29 of these were users of ERT. Tumor characteristics (histology size, nodal status, and estrogen receptor content) of ERT users were compared with those of nonusers. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, the odds ratios (OR) describing the relationship between ERT use and the risk of invasive histopathology (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 0.48, 3.75), positive nodes (OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 0.59, 10.10), size greater than or equal to 2.0 cm (OR = 2.34, CI = 0.66, 8.27), or negative estrogen receptor status (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.18, 9.38) were >1, although none reached statistical significance. When the subjects were separated into two prognostic groups based on the presence or absence of adverse prognostic indices, ERT users had a statistically significantly increased risk of being in the poor prognostic group (tumor size greater than or equal to 2.0 cm or positive nodes or negative estrogen receptor content) (OR = 4.48, 95% CI = 1.10, 18.30). The risk was highest in current users (OR = 6.28, 95% CI = 1.16, 34.00), users for 5 or more years (OR = 7.77, 95% CI = 1.09, 55.60), and users of nonconjugated estrogen (OR = 9.63, 95% CI = 1.18, 78.60). Although our sample size is small and we do not currently have information on longterm outcomes, the findings from this screening population suggest that ERT may have an adverse effect on important breast cancer prognostic indices. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP LeBlanc, ES (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,Mail Code P3GFEL, Portland, OR 97207 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR05358] NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1524-6094 J9 J WOMEN HEALTH GEN-B JI J. WOMENS HEALTH GENDER-BASED MED. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 8 IS 6 BP 815 EP 823 DI 10.1089/152460999319138 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 232GB UT WOS:000082361600014 PM 10495262 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, M Caravaca, F Fernandez, E Borrego, MJ Lorenzo, V Cubero, J Martin-Malo, A Betriu, A Jimenez, A Torres, A Felsenfeld, AJ AF Rodriguez, M Caravaca, F Fernandez, E Borrego, MJ Lorenzo, V Cubero, J Martin-Malo, A Betriu, A Jimenez, A Torres, A Felsenfeld, AJ TI Parathyroid function as a determinant of the response to calcitriol treatment in the hemodialysis patient SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE calcium; hyperparathyroidism; parathyroid hormone; dialysis ID CHRONIC DIALYSIS PATIENTS; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; SET-POINT; HORMONE RELEASE; UREMIC PATIENTS; IN-VITRO; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; SERUM PHOSPHATE AB Background. Bolus calcitriol (CTR) is used for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients. Although CTR treatment reduces parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in many dialysis patients, a significant number fail to respond. Methods. To learn whether or not an analysis of parathyroid function could further illuminate the response to CTR, a PTH-calcium curve was performed before and after at least two months of CTR treatment in 50 hemodialysis patients with a predialysis intact PTH of greater than 300 pg/ml. Results. For the entire group (N = 50), CTR treatment resulted in a 24% reduction in predialysis (basal) PTH from 773 +/- 54 to 583 +/- 71 pg/ml (P < 0.001), whereas ionized calcium increased from 1.10 +/- 0.02 to 1.22 +/- 0.02 mM (P < 0.001): however, maximal and minimal PTH did not change from pre-CTR values. Based on whether or not the basal PTH decreased by 40% or more during CTR treatment, patients were divided into responders (Rs, N = 25) and nonresponders (NRs, N = 25). Before CTR, the NR group was characterized by a greater basal (959 +/- 80 vs. 586 +/- 51 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and maximal (1899 +/- 170 vs. 1172 +/- 108 pg/ml, P < 0.001) PTH and serum phosphorus (6.14 +/- 0.25 vs. 5.14 +/- 0.34 mg/dl, P < 0.01). Logistical regression analysis showed that the pre-CTR basal PTH was the most important predictor of the post-CTR basal PTH. and a pre-CTR basal PTH of 750 pg/ml represented a 50% probability of a response. Basal PTH correlated with the ionized calcium in the NR group (r = 0.59, P = 0.002) but not in the R group (r = 0.06, P = NS). In the R group, an inverse correlation was present between ionized calcium and the basal/maximal PTH ratio, an indicator of whether calcium is suppressing basal PTH secretion relative to the maximal secretory capacity (maximal PTH) r = -0.55, P = 0.004; in the NR group, this correlation approached significance but was positive (r = 0.34, P = 0.09). After CTR treatment, serum calcium increased in both groups, and despite marked differences in basal PTH (Rs, 197 +/- 25 vs. NRs, 969 +/- 85 pg/ml), an inverse correlation between ionized calcium and basal/maximal PTH was present in both groups (Rs, r = -0.61, P = 0.001, and NRs, r = -0.60, P = 0.001). Conclusions. (a) Dynamic testing of parathyroid function provided insights into the pathophysiology of PTH secretion in hemodialysis patients. (b) The magnitude of hyperparathyroidism was the most important predictor of the response to CTR. (c) Before CTR treatment, PTH was sensitive to calcium in Rs, and serum calcium was PTH driven in NRs, and (d) after the CTR-induced increase in serum calcium, calcium suppressed basal PTH relative to maximal PTH in both groups. C1 Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Serv Nephrol, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, Spain. Hosp Reina Sofia, Unidad Invest, Cordoba 14004, Spain. Hosp Univ, Tenerife, Spain. Univ Lleida, Dept Med, Lleida, Spain. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Rodriguez, M (reprint author), Hosp Reina Sofia, Unidad Invest, Avda Menendez Pidal S-N, Cordoba 14004, Spain. RI Betriu Bars, Angels/C-3792-2011; Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011; Fernandez Giraldez, Elvira Dolores/D-3358-2009 OI Fernandez Giraldez, Elvira Dolores/0000-0001-5236-1762 NR 43 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 56 IS 1 BP 306 EP 317 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00538.x PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 209GQ UT WOS:000081040200034 PM 10411707 ER PT J AU Singh, AK Dobashi, K Gupta, MP Asayama, K Singh, I Orak, JK AF Singh, AK Dobashi, K Gupta, MP Asayama, K Singh, I Orak, JK TI Manganese superoxide dismutase in rat liver peroxisomes: Biochemical and immunochemical evidence SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE peroxisomes; superoxide dismutase; antioxidant enzymes; free radicals; immunolocalization ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; LOCALIZATION; INDUCTION; INTERLEUKIN-1; PURIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CELLS AB By using highly purified peroxisomes from rat liver, we have shown that peroxisomes contain manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity and a 23 kDa protein immunoreactive with antibodies against purified mitochondrial MnSOD. Immunocytochemical studies have also revealed immunoreaction (immunogold) with MnSOD antibodies in mitochondria and peroxisomes. Studies of the intraperoxisomal localization of MnSOD have shown that in peroxisomes MnSOD is a component of the peroxisomal limiting membranes and dense core. Furthermore, the MnSOD level in peroxisomes was modulated by oxidative stress conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion or the treatment with ciprofibrate, a peroxisomal proliferator. These findings suggest that MnSOD in peroxisomes may play an important role in the dismutation of superoxide generated on the peroxisomal membrane for keeping the delicate balance of the redox state. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Yamanashi Med Univ, Dept Pediat, Yamanashi, Japan. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-34741, NS-37766, NS-22576] NR 42 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1023/A:1006848113499 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 237JE UT WOS:000082651700002 PM 10485318 ER PT J AU Nevel-McGarvey, CA Rohrmann, D Levin, RM Hudson, AP AF Nevel-McGarvey, CA Rohrmann, D Levin, RM Hudson, AP TI Mitochondrial and mitochondia-related nuclear genetic function in rabbit urinary bladder following reversal of outlet obstruction SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE outlet obstruction; bladder; mitochondria; transcription; RNA ID EXPRESSION AB Partial outlet obstruction of the rabbit urinary bladder causes increased tissue hypertrophy and decreased contractility of that organ; we showed that, in an experimental rabbit model, both correlate closely with alterations in the status and expression of mitochondrial (mt), and mt-related nuclear, genetic parameters in bladder smooth muscle. Here we investigate the rate and overall level of recovery of mt and nuclear genetic function following reversal of outlet obstruction in the same animal model. Release from outlet obstruction at 28 days resulted in improvement in both level of hypertrophy and contractile function in all bladders studied. However, bladders fell into two groups based on whether relative copy mt genome number per cell was above or below that of unobstructed controls. Bladders with high mt DNA content adjusted organellar genome copy number toward normal post-reversal but did not properly adjust mt transcript levels; mt-related nuclear transcripts in these samples showed recovery. Bladders with low mt DNA content showed no adjustment of those levels toward normal post-reversal but did show some adjustment in other mt and nuclear genetic parameters. Thus, a limiting factor for return of normal bladder function following reversal of outlet obstruction may be recovery of normal mt genetic performance. C1 Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Urol, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Albany Coll Pharm, Albany, NY USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Gordon H Scott Hall,540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-44689, DK-26508, DK-33559] NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-8177 EI 1573-4919 J9 MOL CELL BIOCHEM JI Mol. Cell. Biochem. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 197 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 172 DI 10.1023/A:1006945732718 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 237JE UT WOS:000082651700019 PM 10485335 ER PT J AU Filley, CM Young, DA Reardon, MS Wilkening, GN AF Filley, CM Young, DA Reardon, MS Wilkening, GN TI Frontal lobe lesions and executive dysfunction in children SO NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARD SORTING TEST; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; TEST-PERFORMANCE; COGNITION; CHILDHOOD; BEHAVIOR; DAMAGE; INJURY AB Objective: To investigate the relationship of frontal lobe lesions and neuropsychologic performance in school-aged children to determine whether damage to frontal regions results in specific cognitive sequelae. Background: The role of the frontal lobes in executive function remains incompletely understood, particularly in children. Method: This retrospective study included children aged 8 to 17 with brain lesions of various etiology (n = 63) or diverse psychiatric disorders (n = 48). All were evaluated for details of neurologic and medical history and for scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and all but the psychiatric patients had neuroimaging scans. Five groups were analyzed - dorsolateral frontal, medial-orbital frontal, focal nonfrontal, diffuse, and psychiatric - and neuropsychologic test results were compared using a Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis of variance. Results: Children with damage to dorsolateral frontal regions were more impaired on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test than those in all other groups. Comparable performance on the Wechsler scale was found in all groups, suggesting that intellectual functioning did not account for this difference. Conclusions: These data provide evidence for a prominent role of the dorsolateral frontal regions in the mediation of executive function in children. They also support the use of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in children as a measure of dorsolateral frontal integrity. C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Childrens Hosp, Denver, CO 80218 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, UCHSC B-183,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-878X J9 NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE JI Neuropsychiatr. Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 12 IS 3 BP 156 EP 160 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 224LF UT WOS:000081900000003 PM 10456798 ER PT J AU Kozora, E Filley, CM Julian, LJ Cullum, M AF Kozora, E Filley, CM Julian, LJ Cullum, M TI Cognitive functioning in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mild hypoxemia compared with patients with mild Alzheimer disease and normal controls SO NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-THERAPY AB Objective: To examine neuropsychologic functions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and mild hypoxemia compared with patients with mild Alzheimer disease and normal controls. Background: Cognitive deficits have been documented in patients with COPD, but few studies have compared the neuropsychologic status of these patients with that of other neurologic groups. Method: Cognitive test results from 32 patients with COPD and mild hypoxemia (mean age, 70.3 years; mean education, 13.2 years; mean partial arterial oxygen pressure, 68.8 mm Hg) who had no neurologic symptoms were compared with 31 subjects with mild Alzheimer disease (AD) and 31 normal controls similar in age, education, and sex. Seventy-three percent of the patients with COPD were receiving supplementary oxygen. Results: Significant group differences across 11 cognitive scores were found using analysis of variance, and post hoc analyses indicated that patients with mild AD performed significantly worse than normal controls and patients with COPD on most tests. The group with COPD and the group with AD demonstrated lower letter fluency compared with controls. Although the patients with COPD performed significantly worse than controls on verbal fluency tasks, they were not in the clinically impaired range, and, overall, the group with COPD was similar to the controls on most cognitive tests. Conclusions: These findings suggest that many patients with COPD and mild hypoxemia who don't have neuropsychiatric histories may perform normally on cognitive measures. Oxygen therapy may partially account for preservation of cognitive function in these patients. Results also suggest that patients with COPD and normal controls can be readily distinguished from patients with mild AD based on levels and patterns of neuropsychologic test results. Any significant cognitive deficits in patients with mildly hypoxemic COPD may warrant continued neurologic evaluation. C1 Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO 80206 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Dallas, TX USA. RP Kozora, E (reprint author), Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, 1400 Jackson St,A111, Denver, CO 80206 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG09417] NR 30 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-878X J9 NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE JI Neuropsychiatr. Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 12 IS 3 BP 178 EP 183 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 224LF UT WOS:000081900000007 PM 10456802 ER PT J AU Goodfriend, TL Kelley, DE Goodpaster, BH Winters, SJ AF Goodfriend, TL Kelley, DE Goodpaster, BH Winters, SJ TI Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women SO OBESITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE adrenal cortex; aldosterone; cardiovascular diseases; dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; hypertension ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; HYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS; GLOMERULOSA CELLS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; RESTRICTION; SECRETION; SODIUM; HYPERINSULINEMIA; DENSITY AB Objective: Both obesity and insulin resistance increase the risk of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, but the mechanisms linking these abnormalities are unknown. The current study was undertaken to examine the effects of obesity, fat, distribution, and insulin resistance on plasma levels of aldosterone and other adrenal steroids that might contribute to sequelae of obesity. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty-eight normotensive premenopausal women and 27 normotensive men with a wide range of body fat underwent measurements of visceral adipose tissue by CT scan, total fat mass by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and plasma levels of three adrenal steroid hormones. Results: Plasma aldosterone in women correlated directly with visceral adipose tissue (r = 0.66, p < 0.001) and inversely with insulin sensitivity (r = -0.67, p < 0.001), and these associations were independent of plasma renin activity. There were no corresponding correlations in men. Plasma aldosterone was significantly correlated with plasma cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in women. Seventeen women and 15 men completed a weight-reduction regimen, losing an average of 15.1 +/- 1.2 kg. After weight loss, plasma aldosterone was significantly lower and insulin sensitivity higher; however, the correlations of aldosterone with visceral adipose tissue and insulin sensitivity in women persisted (p = 0.09 and 0.07, respectively). Although none of the women were hypertensive, blood pressure correlated with plasma aldosterone both before and after weight loss. Discussion: We conclude that visceral adiposity and insulin resistance are associated with increased plasma aldosterone and other adrenal steroids that may contribute to cardiovascular diseases in obese women. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Goodfriend, TL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv, Room C-3127,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [5M01RR00056]; NIDDK NIH HHS [1P30DK46204, R01-DK49200-03] NR 41 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 3 PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY PI ROCHESTER PA C/O DR MICHAEL JENSEN, MAYO MEDICAL CENTER, MAYO CLIN 200 FIRST ST, SW, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA SN 1071-7323 J9 OBES RES JI Obes. Res. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 7 IS 4 BP 355 EP 362 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 217UC UT WOS:000081516500005 PM 10440591 ER PT J AU Mikhail, N Golub, MS Tuck, ML AF Mikhail, N Golub, MS Tuck, ML TI Obesity and hypertension SO PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Review ID SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ARTERIAL-HYPERTENSION C1 Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr, Vet Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. RP Mikhail, N (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Endocrinol Sect, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 152 TC 70 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0033-0620 J9 PROG CARDIOVASC DIS JI Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 42 IS 1 BP 39 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0033-0620(99)70008-3 PG 20 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 237GW UT WOS:000082648300003 PM 10505492 ER PT J AU Hershman, JM AF Hershman, JM TI Human chorionic gonadotropin and the thyroid: Hyperemesis gravidarum and trophoblastic tumors SO THYROID LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period CY NOV 06-08, 1998 CL AMELIA ISL, FLORIDA ID HUMAN TSH RECEPTORS; HYDATIDIFORM MOLE; THYROTROPIC ACTIVITY; HYPERTHYROIDISM; THYROTOXICOSIS; HORMONE; GENERATION; RESPONSES; CELLS; HCG AB There is abundant evidence that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a weak thyrotropin (TSH) agonist. In FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells, hCG increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), iodide transport, and cell growth. hCG has thyroid-stimulating activity in bioassays in mice and in clinical studies in man. In cultured cells transfected with the human TSH receptor, hCG increases generation of cAMP. Molecular variants of hCG with increased thyrotropic potency include basic molecules with reduced sialic acid content, truncated molecules lacking the C-terminal tail, or molecules in which the 47-48 peptide bond in the P-subunit loop is nicked. In normal pregnancy, when hCG levels are highest at 10 to 12 weeks gestation, there is suppression of serum TSH levels, presumably due to slight increases in free thyroxine (T-4) concentration. In twin pregnancies, hCG levels tend to be higher and suppressed TSH levels are more frequent. Hyperemesis gravidarum, defined as severe vomiting in early pregnancy that causes 5% weight loss and ketonuria, is usually associated with increased hCG concentration. A high proportion of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum, about one-third to two-thirds in different series, have evidence of increased thyroid function. Only a small proportion of these patients have clinical hyperthyroidism, termed gestational thyrotoxicosis. These patients probably secrete a variant of hCG with increased thyroid-stimulating activity. Trophoblastic tumors, hydatidiform mole, and choriocarcinoma often cause hyperthyroidism because they secrete very large amounts of hCG. When the serum hCG exceeds about 200 IU/mL, hyperthyroidism is likely to be found. There is a correlation between the biochemical severity of hyperthyroidism and the serum hCG in these patients. Removal of the mole or effective chemotherapy of the choriocarcinoma cures the hyperthyroidism. In conclusion, hCG has thyroid-stimulating activity that influences thyroid function early in pregnancy when hCG levels are high. Excessive hCG secretion may cause hyperthyroidism in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum or trophoblastic tumors. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol 111D, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Hershman, JM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol 111D, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 42 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD JUL PY 1999 VL 9 IS 7 BP 653 EP 657 DI 10.1089/thy.1999.9.653 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 222AF UT WOS:000081759500006 PM 10447009 ER PT J AU Brent, GA AF Brent, GA TI Maternal hypothyroidism: Recognition and management SO THYROID LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period CY NOV 06-08, 1998 CL AMELIA ISL, FLORIDA ID THYROID-FUNCTION; PREGNANCY; THYROXINE; WOMEN; THERAPY; REQUIREMENT; DOSAGE AB Women with compensated early thyroid failure, or those from areas of reduced iodine intake, may first be found to be hypothyroid during pregnancy. In women with previously diagnosed hypothyroidism already on thyroxine (T-4) replacement therapy, pregnancy is often associated with an increased dose requirement. The mechanism producing this increased requirement is not known, but it is likely to be the result of a number of factors that may differ depending on the stage of pregnancy. An increased T-4 dose requirement is typically seen by the first trimester, can continue to increase throughout pregnancy, and reverts to the prepregnancy dose requirement after delivery. The magnitude of the increased T-4 requirement is related to the etiology of hypothyroidism. Monitoring thyroid status and adjusting the T-4 dose during pregnancy is a challenge due to changes in T-4 metabolism throughout pregnancy. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol 111D, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol 111D, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK43714] NR 29 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD JUL PY 1999 VL 9 IS 7 BP 661 EP 665 DI 10.1089/thy.1999.9.661 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 222AF UT WOS:000081759500008 PM 10447011 ER PT J AU Burke, D AF Burke, D TI Allele predicted accelerated rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease - Commentary SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GEriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182B, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Burke, D (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GEriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD JUL PY 1999 VL 171 IS 1 BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 229BP UT WOS:000082173900011 PM 10483340 ER PT J AU McGlynn, EA Kerr, EA Asch, SM AF McGlynn, EA Kerr, EA Asch, SM TI New approach to assessing clinical quality of care for women: The QA tool system SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID HEALTH C1 RAND Hlth, Ctr Res Qual Hlth Care, Santa Monica, CA USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs, Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP McGlynn, EA (reprint author), RAND Hlth, Ctr Res Qual Hlth Care, Santa Monica, CA USA. NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD JUL-AUG PY 1999 VL 9 IS 4 BP 184 EP 192 DI 10.1016/S1049-3867(99)00009-2 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 216QB UT WOS:000081452400002 PM 10405590 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hudes, ES AF Simon, JA Hudes, ES TI Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-C AB Context Some animal studies suggest that orally administered ascorbic acid may chelate lead and decrease the risk of the toxic effects of lead. However, results from. several small studies in humans have yielded inconclusive evidence of a beneficial effect of ascorbic acid on lead toxicity. Objective To examine the relationship between serum ascorbic acid levels and prevalence of elevated blood lead levels. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional analysis of a probability sample of the US population enrolled in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 (4213 youths aged 6-16 years and 15 365 adults aged greater than or equal to 17 years) without a history of lead poisoning. Main Outcome Measures Elevated and log blood lead levels by serum ascorbic acid level. Results A total of 22 youths (0.5%) and 57 adults (0.4%) had elevated blood lead levels (defined as greater than or equal to 0.72 mu mol/L [15 mu g/dL]) and greater than or equal to 0.97 mu mol/L [20 mu g/dL], respectively). After controlling for the effects of age, race, sex, income level, and dietary energy, fat, calcium, iron, and zinc intake, youths in the highest serum ascorbic acid tertile had an 89% decreased prevalence of elevated blood lead levels compared with youths in the lowest serum ascorbic acid tertile (odds ratio, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.35; P for trend =.002), Adults in the highest 2 serum ascorbic acid tertiles had a 65% to 68% decreased prevalence of elevated blood lead levels compared with adults in the lowest serum ascorbic acid tertile (P for trend =.03). As a continuous predictor, serum ascorbic acid level was independently associated with decreased log blood lead levels among adults (P<.001), but not among youths (P=.14). Conclusions Our data suggest that high serum levels of ascorbic acid are independently associated with a decreased prevalence of elevated blood lead levels. If these associations are related causally, ascorbic acid intake may have public health implications for control of lead toxicity. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53479] NR 26 TC 55 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 30 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 24 BP 2289 EP 2293 DI 10.1001/jama.281.24.2289 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 207FN UT WOS:000080925600027 PM 10386552 ER PT J AU Dery, O Thoma, MS Wong, H Grady, EF Bunnett, NW AF Dery, O Thoma, MS Wong, H Grady, EF Bunnett, NW TI Trafficking of proteinase-activated receptor-2 and beta-arrestin-1 tagged with green fluorescent protein - beta-arrestin-dependent endocytosis of a proteinase receptor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MAST-CELL TRYPTASE; COUPLED RECEPTOR; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; BETA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; THROMBIN RECEPTOR; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CHOLECYSTOKININ RECEPTOR; MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; PLATELET ACTIVATION; SUBSTANCE-P AB Proteases cleave proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) to expose N-terminal tethered ligands that bind and activate the cleaved receptors. The tethered ligand, once exposed, is always available to interact with its binding site. Thus, efficient mechanisms must prevent continuous activation, including receptor phosphorylation and uncoupling from G-proteins, receptor endocytosis, and lysosomal degradation. beta-Arrestins mediate uncoupling and endocytosis of certain neurotransmitter receptors, which are activated in a reversible manner. However, the role of beta-arrestins in trafficking of PARs, which are irreversibly activated, and the effects of proteases on the subcellular distribution of beta-arrestins have not been examined. We studied trafficking of PARS and beta-arrestin1 coupled to green fluorescent protein. Trypsin induced the following: (a) redistribution of beta-arrestin1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, where it co-localized with PAR2; (b) internalization of beta-arrestin1 and PARS into the same early endosomes; (c) redistribution of beta-arrestin1 to the cytosol concurrent with PARS translocation to lysosomes; and (d) mobilization of PARS from the Gels apparatus to the plasma membrane. Overexpression of a C-terminal fragment of beta-arrestin-(319-418), which interacts constitutively with clathrin but does not bind receptors, inhibited agonist-induced endocytosis of PARS. Our results show that p-arrestins mediate endocytosis of PARS and support a role for beta-arrestins in uncoupling of PARs. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Bunnett, NW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, 521 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK39957, DK42307]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS21710] NR 54 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 26 BP 18524 EP 18535 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.26.18524 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 209PJ UT WOS:000081056700053 PM 10373461 ER PT J AU Shoba, L An, MR Frank, SJ Lowe, WL AF Shoba, L An, MR Frank, SJ Lowe, WL TI Developmental regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I and growth hormone receptor gene expression SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IGF-1; GH receptor; heart; kidney; IGFI-FPI ID MESSENGER RIBONUCLEIC-ACIDS; TARGETED DISRUPTION; BINDING-PROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN-C; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS; MAJOR PROMOTER; NEONATAL RAT; TRANSCRIPTION; SERUM AB During development, the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene is expressed in a tissue specific manner; however, the molecular mechanisms governing its developmental regulation remain poorly defined. To examine the hypothesis that expression of the growth hormone (GH) receptor accounts, in part, for the tissue specific expression of the IGF-I gene during development, the developmental regulation of IGF-I and GH receptor gene expression in rat tissues was examined. The level of IGF-I and GH receptor mRNA was quantified in RNA prepared from rats between day 17 of gestation (E17) and 17 months of age (17M) using an RNase protection assay. Developmental regulation of IGF-I gene expression was tissue specific with four different patterns of expression seen. In liver, IGF-I mRNA levels increased markedly between E17 and postnatal day 45 (P45) and declined thereafter. In contrast, in brain, skeletal muscle and testis, IGF-I mRNA levels decreased between P5 and 4M but were relatively unchanged thereafter. In heart and kidney, a small increase in IGF-I mRNA levels was observed between the early postnatal period and 4 months, whereas in lung, minimal changes were observed during development. The changes in GH receptor mRNA levels were, in general, coordinate with the changes in IGF-I mRNA levels, except in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, quantification of GH receptor levels by Western blot analysis in skeletal muscle demonstrated changes coordinate with IGF-I mRNA levels. The levels of the proteins which mediate GH receptor signaling (STAT1, -3, and -5, and JAK2) were quantified by Western blot analysis. These proteins also are expressed in a tissue specific manner during development. In some cases, the pattern of expression was coordinate with IGF-I gene expression, whereas in others it was discordant. To further define molecular mechanisms for the developmental regulation of IGF-I gene expression, protein binding to IGFI-FP1, a protein binding site that is in the major promoter of the rat IGF-I gene and is important for basal promoter activity in vitro, was examined. Gel shift analyses using a 34-base pair oligonucleotide that contained IGFI-FP1 did not demonstrate changes in protein binding that paralleled those in IGF-I gene expression, suggesting that protein binding to IGFI-FP1 does not contribute to the developmental regulation of IGF-I gene expression, at least in brain and liver. In summary, the present studies demonstrate coordinate expression of the IGF-I gene and GH receptor during development and suggest that GH receptor expression contributes to the tissue specific expression of the IGF-I gene during development. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Chicago Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Ctr Endocrinol Metab & Mol Med, Lakeside Div, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Lowe, WL (reprint author), VA Chicago Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Ctr Endocrinol Metab & Mol Med, Lakeside Div, 303 E Chicago Ave,Tarry 15-703, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM wlowe@nwu.edu NR 55 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0303-7207 J9 MOL CELL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. PD JUN 25 PY 1999 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 136 DI 10.1016/S0303-7207(99)00045-3 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 210TN UT WOS:000081120900013 PM 10432230 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Wirshing, DA Lu, PH Foster, JA Mintz, J AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Wirshing, DA Lu, PH Foster, JA Mintz, J TI Choreoathetoid movements in cocaine dependence SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE choreoathetoid; movement; cocaine; amphetamine; aging; crack dancing ID TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; METHAMPHETAMINE; PREVALENCE; TOXICITY; BENZOYLECGONINE; SCHIZOPHRENICS; DEGENERATION; DISORDERS; DOPAMINE; STRIATUM AB Background: To evaluate the severity of choreoathetoid movements in cocaine dependent (CD) subjects and age-matched normal control subjects, Methods: Choreoathetoid movements were evaluated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) in samples of 71 CD, 56 normal control, and 9 amphetamine-dependent male subjects. Results: The CD subjects had a significantly increased nonfacial (limbs plus body) AIMS subscore, When the nonfacial AIMS scores of the two groups were compared in relation to age, a significant age by diagnosis interaction was observed, indicating that the differences between groups were most marked in the younger age groups. The facial AIMS scores were also increased but only in the youngest CD cohort (under 32 years of age). The comparison group of 9 younger amphetamine-dependent subjects also showed increased AIMS scores. Conclusions: Increases in choreoathetoid movements in younger cocaine and amphetamine-dependent subjects may be related to their psychostimulant use. The absence of differences in choreoathetoid movements between the older CD subjects and normal control subjects may represent art age-related self-selection effect. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Little Rock VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Little Rock, AR USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), N Little Rock VA Med Ctr, 116A-NLR,2200 Ft Roots Dr,Bldg 170, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA 50038] NR 48 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1630 EP 1635 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00238-8 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 205XC UT WOS:000080845000014 PM 10376125 ER PT J AU McConalogue, K Dery, O Lovett, M Wong, H Walsh, JH Grady, EF Bunnett, NW AF McConalogue, K Dery, O Lovett, M Wong, H Walsh, JH Grady, EF Bunnett, NW TI Substance P-induced trafficking of beta-arrestins - The role of beta-arrestins in endocytosis of the neutrokinin-1 receptor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; AGONIST-INDUCED DESENSITIZATION; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; BETA(2)-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; NEUROKININ-1 RECEPTOR; ARRESTIN/CLATHRIN INTERACTION; CHOLECYSTOKININ RECEPTOR; INDUCED INTERNALIZATION AB Agonist-induced redistribution of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and beta-arrestins determines the subsequent cellular responsiveness to agonists and is important for signal transduction. We examined substance P (SP)-induced trafficking of beta-arrestin1 and the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) in KNRK cells in real time using green fluorescent protein. Green fluorescent protein did not alter function or localization of the NK1R or beta-arrestin1, SP induced (a) striking and rapid (<1 min) translocation of beta-arrestin1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane, which preceded NK1R endocytosis; (b) redistribution of the NK1R and beta-arrestin1 into the same endosomes containing SP and the transferrin receptor (2-10 min); (c) prolonged colocalization of the NK1R and beta-arrestin1 in endosomes (>60 min); (d) gradual resumption of the steady state distribution of the NK1R at the plasma membrane and beta-arrestin1 in the cytosol (4-6 h), SP stimulated a similar redistribution of immunoreactive beta-arrestin1 and beta-arrestin2. In contrast, SP did not affect G alpha(q/11) distribution, which remained at the plasma membrane. Expression of the dominant negative beta-arrestin(319-418) inhibited SP-induced endocytosis of the NK1R, Thus, SP induces rapid translocation of beta-arrestins to the plasma membrane, where they participate in NK1R endocytosis. beta-Arrestins colocalize with the NK1R in endosomes until the NK1R recycles and beta-arrestins return to the cytosol. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Bunnett, NW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, 521 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK39957, DK43207]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS21710] NR 55 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 4 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 23 BP 16257 EP 16268 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.23.16257 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 202TQ UT WOS:000080668600042 PM 10347182 ER PT J AU George, MS Teneback, CC Malcolm, RJ Moore, J Stallings, LE Spicer, KM Anton, RF Ballenger, JC AF George, MS Teneback, CC Malcolm, RJ Moore, J Stallings, LE Spicer, KM Anton, RF Ballenger, JC TI Multiple previous alcohol detoxifications are associated with decreased medial temporal and paralimbic function in the postwithdrawal period SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN 20-25, 1998 CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SOUTH CAROLINA SP Res Soc Alcoholism DE alcoholism; detoxification; sensitization; imaging; medial temporal lobes ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ETHANOL WITHDRAWAL; KINDLING HYPOTHESIS; SEIZURES; EPISODES; SMOKING; BRAIN; CONSUMPTION; METABOLISM; NICOTINE AB Background: Functional neuroimaging studies after alcohol cessation have demonstrated that chronic alcohol use globally reduces neuronal activity for several weeks. Less is known about the effects of previous alcohol use patterns on regional brain activity. Multiple previous alcohol detoxifications are associated with a worse clinical course and increased risk of seizures, perhaps due to sensitization of key brain structures. We performed the following imaging study in alcoholics in the postwithdrawal period to determine if blood now in medial temporal structures would differ as a function of previous alcohol use (i.e., whether regions were kindled or sensitized due to multiple detoxifications). Methods: Fourteen adults meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence (mean age 35, 8 SD; 10 men) and participating in a double-blind detoxification medication study underwent a brain perfusion Tc99 m-ECD (Neurolite) single photon emission computed tomography scan on days 7 through 9 (mean 7.6, .5 SD) after their last drink and 2 to 3 days since their last detoxification medication. Seven nonpsychiatrically ill, nonalcohol-dependent healthy adults were scanned as control subjects. Results: Alcoholics compared with controls had widely reduced relative activity in cortical secondary association areas and relatively increased activity in the medial temporal lobes (p < 0.01). Five alcoholic patients with greater than or equal to 2 previous detoxifications were compared with five patients in their first detoxification (age and detoxification medication matched). Multiple detoxification patients had significantly lower relative activity in bilateral anterior temporal poles and medial temporal lobes and in visual cortex (p < 0.01) compared with first episode patients. Conclusions: These studies are consistent with other studies comparing alcoholics and controls. They also suggest that on day 7 of detoxification, alcoholic subjects with multiple previous detoxifications have decreased visual cortex, medial temporal lobes, and anterior paralimbic blood flow, compared with those in their first detoxification. Further studies seem warranted to confirm these initial exploratory results. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Alcohol Res Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10761-03] NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 1999 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1077 EP 1084 DI 10.1097/00000374-199906000-00017 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 208KB UT WOS:000080989000018 PM 10397294 ER PT J AU Richter, JE Kovacs, TOG Greski-Rose, PA Huang, B Fisher, R AF Richter, JE Kovacs, TOG Greski-Rose, PA Huang, B Fisher, R TI Lansoprazole in the treatment of heartburn in patients without erosive oesophagitis SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; INTRAGASTRIC ACIDITY; DOUBLE-BLIND; ESOPHAGITIS RESISTANT; ORAL OMEPRAZOLE; MANAGEMENT; RANITIDINE AB Background: This randomized, double-blind, multicentre study compared lansoprazole with placebo for symptomatic relief of patients with non-erosive gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods: 214 patients with symptomatic, non-erosive GERD (moderate to severe daytime and/or night-time heartburn greater than half the days over the past 6 months and during the 7- to 10-day pre-treatment period) were randomized to either lansoprazole 15 mg or lansoprazole 30 mg, or placebo o.d. for 8 weeks. Results: Daily diary data indicated that on the first treatment day a statistically significantly smaller percentage of lansoprazole patients reported daytime and night-time heartburn and antacid usage, compared with placebo patients. Lansoprazole patients also reported statistically significant less severe daytime and night-time heartburn on the first treatment day. During 0-4, 4-8, and 0-8 weeks of therapy, a statistically significant smaller percentage of days and nights with heartburn, less severe daytime and nighttime heartburn, and less antacid usage were observed in the lansoprazole group compared to the placebo group. The percentages of patients with adverse reactions were similar in the lansoprazole and placebo groups. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that lansoprazole is an appropriate therapy for patients with symptomatic non-erosive GERD. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cleveland Clin, Dept Gastroenterol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. TAP Holdings Inc, Deerfield, IL USA. Abbott Labs, Abbott Pk, IL 60064 USA. Temple Univ Hosp, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. RP Richter, JE (reprint author), Cleveland Clin, Dept Gastroenterol, 95 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. NR 30 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 6 BP 795 EP 804 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00558.x PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 211NE UT WOS:000081166500014 PM 10383510 ER PT J AU Lew, EA Lewin, KJ Zarchy, T Pisegna, JR AF Lew, EA Lewin, KJ Zarchy, T Pisegna, JR TI Adenocarcinoma of the colon with neuroendocrine features and secretory diarrhea SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOCRINE-CELLS; CARCINOMA; MARKERS; RECTUM AB We report the case of a 63-yr-old man who had severe secretory diarrhea associated with colonic adenocarcinoma, with a prominent signet ring cell component and numerous endocrine cells as demonstrated by positive chromogranin-A staining. Improvement in the secretory diarrhea by the somatostatin analog Sandostatin suggested that the diarrhea was related to a functional neuroendocrine tumor within the colonic tumor, the first case to be reported in the literature. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:1692-1694. (C) 1999 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, CURE, Div Digest Dis,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Pisegna, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Room 316,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1692 EP 1694 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 203NQ UT WOS:000080714100048 PM 10364049 ER PT J AU Saint, S Scholes, D Fihn, SD Farrell, RG Stamm, WE AF Saint, S Scholes, D Fihn, SD Farrell, RG Stamm, WE TI The effectiveness of a clinical practice guideline for the management of presumed uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CARE; INTERVENTION; STRATEGIES; CYSTITIS; ADULTS; RULES; TRIAL; COSTS AB PURPOSE: Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection is a common and costly disorder in women. To reduce potentially unnecessary expense and inconvenience, a large staff-model health maintenance organization instituted a telephone-based clinical practice guideline for managing presumed cystitis in which women 18 to 55 years of age who met specific criteria were managed without a clinic visit or laboratory testing. We sought to evaluate the effects of the guideline. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a population-based, before-and-after study with concurrent control groups at 24 primary care clinics to assess the effect of guideline implementation on resource utilization and on the occurrence of potential adverse outcomes. We measured the proportion of patients with presumed uncomplicated cystitis who had a return office visit for cystitis or sexually transmitted disease or who developed pyelonephritis within 60 days of the initial diagnosis. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated, adjusting for the effects of clustering within clinics. RESULTS: A total of 3,889 eligible patients with presumed acute uncomplicated cystitis were evaluated. As compared with baseline, guideline implementation significantly decreased the proportion of patients with presumed cystitis who received urinalysis (RR = 0.75; CI, 0.70 to 0.80), urine culture (RR = 0.73; CI, 0.68 to 0.79), and an initial office visit (RR = 0.67; CI, 0.62 to 0.73), while increasing the proportion who received a guideline-recommended antibiotic 2.9-fold (CI, 2.4 to 3.7-fold). In the prospective comparison of the 22 intervention and two control clinics, the guideline decreased the proportion of patients who had urinalyses performed (RR = 0.80; CI, 0.65 to 0.98) and increased the proportion of patients who were prescribed a guideline-recommended antibiotic (RR = 1.53; CI, 1.01 to 2.33). Adverse outcomes did not increase significantly in either comparison. CONCLUSION: Guideline use decreased laboratory utilization and overall costs while maintaining or improving the quality of care for patients who were presumptively treated for acute uncomplicated cystitis. Am J Med. 1999;106:636-641. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat, Emergency Dept, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Hlth Serv Res & Dev Program, Seattle, WA USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, 3116 Taubman Ctr,1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 28 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 106 IS 6 BP 636 EP 641 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00122-9 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 204VE UT WOS:000080784600007 PM 10378621 ER PT J AU Grewal, JS Mukhin, YV Garnovskaya, MN Raymond, JR Greene, EL AF Grewal, JS Mukhin, YV Garnovskaya, MN Raymond, JR Greene, EL TI Serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor induces TGF-beta 1 expression in mesangial cells via ERK: proliferative and fibrotic signals SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE proliferation; fibrosis; mesangial cell; serotonin; transforming growth factor ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; HEART-DISEASE; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; KINASE; FACTOR-BETA-1; TRANSCRIPTION; ANTIOXIDANT; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; TRANSFORMATION AB We examined the links between fibrotic and proliferative pathways for the 5-HT(2A) receptor in rat mesangial cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-MT) induced transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) mRNA in a concentration-dependent (peak at 30 nM 5-MT) and time-dependent fashion. For 10 nM 5-HT, the effect was noticeable at 1 h and maximal by 6 h. Inhibition of 1) protein kinase C (PKC), 2) mitogen- and extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK1) with 2'-amino-3'-methoxyflavone (PD-90859), and 3) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with apigenin attenuated this effect. The effect was blocked by antioxidants, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and cr-lipoic acid, and mimicked by direct application of H(2)O(2). TGF-beta 1 mRNA induction was also blocked by diphenyleneiodonium and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride, which inhibit NAD(P)H oxidase, a source of oxidants. 5-HT increased the amount of TGF-P 1 protein, validating the mRNA studies and demonstrating that 5-HT potently activates ERK and induces TGF-beta 1 mRNA and protein in mesangial cells. Mapping studies strongly supported relative positions of the components of the signaling cascade as follow: 5-HT(2A) receptor --> PKC --> NAD(P)H oxidase/reactive oxygen species --> MEK --> ERK --> TGF-beta 1 mRNA. These studies demonstrate that mitogenic signaling components (PKC, MEK, and oxidants) are directly linked to the regulation of TGF-beta 1, a key mediator of fibrosis. Thus a single stimulus can direct both proliferative and fibrotic signals in renal mesangial cells. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Greene, EL (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Rm 829C CSB,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM greeneel@musc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-03710]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-52448] NR 46 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 276 IS 6 BP F922 EP F930 PG 9 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 205LQ UT WOS:000080823200013 PM 10362781 ER PT J AU Goodman, CM Cohen, V Armenta, A Thornby, J Netscher, DT AF Goodman, CM Cohen, V Armenta, A Thornby, J Netscher, DT TI Evaluation of results and treatment variables for pressure ulcers in veteran spinal cord-injured patients SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID DECUBITUS ULCERS; SORES; MANAGEMENT; RISK AB This retrospective study of 48 spinal cord-injured patients with pressure ulcers seen at a tertiary referral Veterans Hospital spinal cord injury unit between 1992 and 1997 correlates a number of variables (co-morbid conditions, nutritional status, smoking history, type of repair performed, type of bed used postoperatively, ulcer location and severity, duration of postoperative antibiotic therapy, time elapsed before sitting rehabilitation began, and length of hospital stay) with ulcer repair outcome measures, including postoperative systemic and wound-healing complications, recurrence rates, and the development of new ulcers at different sites. Surgical complication rates were high, occurring in 19 patients (39.6%), and ulcer recurrence or new ulcer development occurred in 38 patients (79.2%). Correlations were found between ulcer location and postoperative wound separation and the length of hospitalization. The hospital course was shorter if the ulcer was new rather than recurrent. Other than the finding that chronic smokers had longer courses of antibiotic therapy, smoking did not correlate statistically with other outcome variables, including wound-healing complications. No significant correlations were found between any postoperative systemic or wound complications, ulcer recurrence, or new ulcer development and patient age, level of spinal cord injury, number of ulcers and grade, laboratory values, mental status, cardiac or pulmonary disease, diabetes, and presence or absence of osteomyelitis. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Div Plast Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Netscher, DT (reprint author), 6560 Fannin,Suite 800, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 6 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1097/00000637-199906000-00015 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 203VE UT WOS:000080727900017 PM 10382806 ER PT J AU Haroutunian, V Purohit, DP Perl, DP Marin, D Khan, K Lantz, M Davis, KL Mohs, RC AF Haroutunian, V Purohit, DP Perl, DP Marin, D Khan, K Lantz, M Davis, KL Mohs, RC TI Neurofibrillary tangles in nondemented elderly subjects and mild Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION; DEMENTIA SEVERITY; SENILE PLAQUES; DEGENERATION; MARKERS; CORTEX; ONSET; SCALE; AGE AB Background: The relationship between neuropathological lesions and mild, "preclinical," cognitive impairments of Alzheimer disease is poorly understood. Identification of the lesions that are most closely associated with the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer disease is crucial to the understanding of the disease process and the development of treatment strategies to affect its progression. Design and Main Outcome Measures: We examined the extent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in 4 neocortical regions, the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, and the amygdala in 65 elderly subjects with no dementia, questionable dementia, mild dementia, or moderate dementia as assessed using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR). Setting and Patients: Postmortem study of nursing home residents. Results: Neurofibrillary tangles were present in the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus of all subjects, including those without cognitive deficits. Neocortical NFTs were mostly absent in the nondemented (CDR score, 0.0) subjects. The density of NFTs in the questionably demented (CDR score, 0.5) subjects was not significantly increased (P>.20) relative to the nondemented group in any of the brain regions studied. Significant increases (P<.04) in NFT density become apparent first in the amygdala and the temporal cortex in subjects rated to be mildly impaired (CDR score, 1.0). By the time that cognitive impairments were judged to be moderately severe (CDR score, 2.0), all regions of the brain examined, except for the occipital cortex, were significantly (P<.05) involved. Conclusions: Some NFTs are present in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus of most elderly individuals irrespective of their cognitive status, but the density of NFTs increases as a function of dementia severity. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY USA. Jewish Home & Hosp, New York, NY USA. RP Haroutunian, V (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Room 3-F02,130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01-AG02219] NR 36 TC 141 Z9 143 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 56 IS 6 BP 713 EP 718 DI 10.1001/archneur.56.6.713 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 203AR UT WOS:000080685300012 PM 10369312 ER PT J AU Broker, BJ Chakrabarti, R Blynman, T Roesler, J Wang, MB Srivatsan, ES AF Broker, BJ Chakrabarti, R Blynman, T Roesler, J Wang, MB Srivatsan, ES TI Comparison of growth factor expression in fetal and adult fibroblasts - A preliminary report SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CELL-GROWTH; FACTOR-BETA; LOCALIZATION; CLONING; CDNA; MATRIX; REPAIR; CHAIN; SKIN AB Background: Fetal wounds can heal without any histological evidence of scarring. Fetal wounds lack the inflammatory infiltrate characteristic of adult wounds, and the fetal environment is not necessary for scarless healing to occur. Recent evidence suggests that fibroblasts are the main effector of scarless healing in fetal tissue. What has not been shown is what profile of growth factors the fibroblast uses to influence wound repair. Objective: To determine the expression of growth factors (transforming growth factors beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3; acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors; keratinocyte growth factor; and platelet-derived growth factor AA, BE, and AB) of fetal and adult fibroblasts in vitro. Design: Adult and fetal fibroblasts were grown in culture, and messenger RNA was extracted by standard techniques. Northern hybridization was used to identify messenger RNA transcripts for the aforementioned growth factors. Densitometry was used to compare growth factor messenger RNA expression with that of a ubiquitously expressed control, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase. Results: The data suggest that fetal and adult fibroblasts express acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor pi. Adult fibroblasts show twice the relative expression of these growth factors compared with fetal fibroblasts. Conclusions: The adult fibroblasts demonstrate a relative excess production of cytokines compared with fetal fibroblasts. This is thought to contribute to suboptimal wound healing in adult wounds compared with the scarless healing of fetal wounds. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sect Facial Plast Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Broker, BJ (reprint author), Inst Appl Laser Surg, 2 Bala Plaza,Suite PL 13, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004 USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 125 IS 6 BP 676 EP 680 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 205XJ UT WOS:000080845900011 PM 10367926 ER PT J AU Shen, WT Lim, RC Siperstein, AE Clark, OH Schecter, WP Hunt, TK Horn, JK Duh, QY AF Shen, WT Lim, RC Siperstein, AE Clark, OH Schecter, WP Hunt, TK Horn, JK Duh, QY TI Laparoscopic vs open adrenalectomy for the treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 106th Scientific Session of the Western-Sugical-Association CY NOV 16-18, 1998 CL INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA SP Western Surg Assoc ID PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Hypothesis: That the clinical presentations, biochemical profiles, and surgical outcomes of patients treated with laparoscopic vs open adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism are different. Design, Settings, patients, and Interventions: The medical records of 80 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism who underwent open adrenalectomy between 1975 and 1986 or laparoscopic adrenalectomy between 1993 and 1998 at the University of California-San Francisco were reviewed by a single unblinded researcher (W.T.S.). Main Outcome Measures: Severity of hypertension and hypokalemia at diagnosis, their improvement after adrenalectomy, and operative complications. Results: Thirty-eight patients underwent open adrenalectomy and 42 patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. The patients who underwent open adrenalectomy had documented hypertension for a median of 5 years before surgery; all had diastolic blood pressures greater than 100 mm Hg. Laparoscopically treated patients had documented hypertension for a median of 2.5 years preoperatively, and 20 (48%) had diastolic blood pressures greater than 100 mm Hg. The median preoperative serum potassium levels for the open and laparoscopic groups were 2.6 mmol/L and 3.3 mmol/L, respectively; the mean serum aldosterone levels were 1.47 nmol/L and 1.30 nmol/L. Thirty-two (84%) of the 38 patients who underwent open surgery and 41 (98%) of the 42 patients treated laparoscopically had adrenal adenomas. The sensitivity of preoperative computed tomographic scanning for adenomas was 83% for the patients treated with open adrenalectomy and 93% for those treated laparoscopically. There were 4 postoperative complications in the open surgery group and none in the laparoscopic group. Postoperatively, 30 (81%) of 37 patients (excluding 1 patient who died of adrenocortical carcinoma) in the open surgery group and 37 (88%) of 42 patients treated laparoscopically were normotensive. Postoperative values were 3.6 to 5.0 of serum potassium per liter and 3.5 to 4.9 of serum potassium per liter in the open and laparoscopic groups, respectively. Conclusions: Patients who are treated with laparoscopic adrenalectomy for primary hyperaldosteronism are being referred with less severe hypertension and hypokalemia than patients formerly treated with open adrenalectomy. Patients treated laparoscopically had fewer postoperative complications and were equally likely to improve in blood pressure and hypokalemia. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the treatment of choice for patients with primary hyperaldosteronism because of lower morbidity. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. UCSF, Mt Zion Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Duh, QY (reprint author), Surg Serv 112, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 14 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 134 IS 6 BP 628 EP 631 DI 10.1001/archsurg.134.6.628 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 202YG UT WOS:000080679300012 PM 10367872 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR Arayssi, T Crane, M Lee, J Gerard, H Hudson, AP Klippel, J AF Schumacher, HR Arayssi, T Crane, M Lee, J Gerard, H Hudson, AP Klippel, J TI Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acids can be found in the synovium of some asymptomatic subjects SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; REITERS-SYNDROME; BACTERIAL-DNA; LYME-DISEASE; ARTHRITIS; FLUID; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; PNEUMONIAE AB Objective. The recent identification of antigens or nucleic acids of infectious agents in the joints of patients with reactive arthritis has raised questions about whether chlamydial or other infectious agent nucleic acids are also present in normal joints, We had the opportunity to study synovium from 30 asymptomatic volunteer subjects by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for attempted identification of Chlamydia and other infectious agents, Methods, All subjects had blind needle synovial biopsies with the Parker-Pearson needle. DNA was extracted and PCR performed using primers for Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Borrelia burgdorferi, and pan bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), Results. Two subjects were identified with nucleic acid for the 16S rRNA gene of C trachomatis. All other PCR reactions were negative except for the pan bacterial 16S rRNA in the C trachomatis-positive subjects. Both subjects, although symptom free, had some evidence of synovial reaction. Conclusion. C trachomatis appears to occasionally be disseminated to joints without producing overt disease. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OI Arayssi, Thurayya/0000-0003-2469-0272 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 27 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1281 EP 1284 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199906)42:6<1281::AID-ANR27>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 204VU UT WOS:000080786000027 PM 10366123 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP TI Human plasma glutathione peroxidase and symptom severity in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE human plasma glutathione peroxidase; haloperidol; oxidative stress; psychosis; schizophrenia ID CELL MEMBRANE DYNAMICS; ARACHIDONIC-ACID AB Background: Previous studies have shown impaired antioxidant defense system in schizophrenia, including alterations in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in erythrocytes. There exists a related enzyme, human plasma GSH-Px (hpGSH-Px), that has not been previously examined in schizophrenia. Methods: An enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to determine hpGSH-Px levels in male schizophrenic patients (n = 39), using a within-subject, on-off haloperidol (HD) treatment design, compared with age- and gender-matched normal control subjects (n = 37). Results: hpGSH-Px was not significantly different between normal control subjects and patients, consistent with our previous findings in erythrocyte GSH-Px. There were no significant treatment effects. hpGSH-Px was significantly and positively correlated with psychosis rating scores in patients both on and off HD treatment. Conclusions: Although not different from normal controls, hpGSH-Px levels in patients may reflect oxidative stress associated with greater psychosis severity. The present findings thus suggest that schizophrenic patients, without obvious increase of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (e.g., hpGSH-Px), may be at risk for oxidative damage. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Yao, JK (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 23 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 11 BP 1512 EP 1515 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00184-X PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 199VK UT WOS:000080504600016 PM 10356635 ER PT J AU Schatz, J Craft, S Koby, M Siegel, MJ Resar, L Lee, RR Chu, JY Launius, G Dadash-Zadehm, M DeBaun, MR AF Schatz, J Craft, S Koby, M Siegel, MJ Resar, L Lee, RR Chu, JY Launius, G Dadash-Zadehm, M DeBaun, MR TI Neuropsychologic deficits in children with sickle cell disease and cerebral infarction: Role of lesion site and volume SO CHILD NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE INJURY; HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ABNORMALITIES; CHILDHOOD AB Little is known about the correlation between the location and size of cerebral infarction in children and neuropsychologic deficits. We related lesion location and volume on magnetic resonance exams to neuropsychologic performance in 28 children with cerebral infarcts due to sickle cell disease. Seventeen healthy siblings served as a comparison group. Children with anterior cerebral infarcts (n = 7) showed deficits in attention and executive skills, whereas children with more widespread cerebral infarcts (n = 18) showed additional deficits in spatial skills. The volume of cerebral infarction was associated with spatial and language performance, but minimally related to performance in other cognitive domains. The location and volume of cerebral infarction are both important for defining the type and magnitude of cognitive sequelae in childhood stroke. C1 Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. St Louis Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Sinai Hosp, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21215 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP DeBaun, MR (reprint author), St Louis Childrens Hosp, Campus Box 8116,1 Childrens Pl, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. NR 32 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-7049 J9 CHILD NEUROPSYCHOL JI Child Neuropsychol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 5 IS 2 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.1076/chin.5.2.92.3170 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 237ME UT WOS:000082659500002 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Perloff, JK Currier, JW AF Duerinckx, AJ Perloff, JK Currier, JW TI Arteriovenous fistulas of the circumflex and right coronary arteries with drainage into an aneurysmal coronary sinus SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Adult Congenital Heart Dis Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Mail Route W114,MRI Bldg 507, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 21 BP 2827 EP 2828 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 201AZ UT WOS:000080573600018 PM 10351979 ER PT J AU Dinovo, EC Lee, KD Shin, WY AF Dinovo, EC Lee, KD Shin, WY TI Correlation study between four i-Stat portable analyzers. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 45 IS 6 SU S BP A29 EP A29 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 202XB UT WOS:000080676500207 ER PT J AU Hughes, MP Bankson, DD Schwartz, MW Sindelar, DK AF Hughes, MP Bankson, DD Schwartz, MW Sindelar, DK TI Comparison of the DSL murine leptin ELISA with the Linco RIA method. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Metab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 45 IS 6 SU S BP A85 EP A86 PN 2 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 202XB UT WOS:000080676500411 ER PT J AU Lee, KD Shin, WY Dinova, EC AF Lee, KD Shin, WY Dinova, EC TI Comparison Study of Accu-Chek Advantage and Precision QID meters with i-Stat as reference method using same finger tip capillary blood. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 45 IS 6 SU S BP A33 EP A33 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 202XB UT WOS:000080676500221 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Unowsky, J Zhang, H Townsend, L Talbot, GH AF Lipsky, BA Unowsky, J Zhang, H Townsend, L Talbot, GH TI Treating acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in patients unresponsive to previous therapy: Sparfloxacin versus clarithromycin SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; DOUBLE-BLIND; MULTICENTER; MANAGEMENT AB The optimal antibiotic therapy for patients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB) who have failed to respond to previous oral antimicrobial therapy is not known; however, newer macrolide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics may be appropriate. This multicenter, randomized, double-masked, double-dummy study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and tolerability of sparfloxacin with those of clarithromycin in the treatment of ABECB. In 43 centers in the United States, 298 patients (52% male; age range, 19 to 92 years) were randomly allocated to receive a 400-mg loading dose of sparfloxacin, followed by 200 mg once daily, or clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, for a total of 10 days. Signs and symptoms of ABECB were assessed at each of 4 visits, including a follow-up visit approximately 1 month after the completion of therapy. Efficacy was determined on the basis of the clinical and bacteriologic response rates in the clinically assessable population. Tolerability was assessed on the basis of patient reports, clinical evaluations, and laboratory tests. Of the 266 clinically assessable patients, 109 (85.2%) of 128 patients receiving sparfloxacin and 115 (83.3%) of 138 patients receiving clarithromycin had a clinically successful outcome (cure or improvement). The bacteriologic success rate (eradication of pathogen) was 88.9% (64 of 72 isolates) in the sparfloxacin group and 84.7% (83 of 98 isolates) in the clarithromycin group. Adverse events possibly or probably related to study drug included photosensitivity in 12 (8.3%) and rash in 6 (4.1%) of 145 patients in the sparfloxacin group, and diarrhea in 10 (6.5%), taste perversion in 9 (5.9%), and nausea in 8 (5.2%) of 153 patients in the clarithromycin group. Thus sparfloxacin was as well tolerated and as effective as clarithromycin in the treatment of patients with ABECB unresponsive to previous oral antimicrobial therapy. The overall rate of adverse events was comparable for the 2 study drugs, but the types of events differed. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin 111M, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin 111M, Med Serv, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 21 IS 6 BP 954 EP 965 DI 10.1016/S0149-2918(99)80017-4 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 215BC UT WOS:000081361200004 PM 10440620 ER PT J AU Ahroni, JH Boyko, EJ Forsberg, RC AF Ahroni, JH Boyko, EJ Forsberg, RC TI Clinical correlates at plantar pressure among diabetic veterans SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID FOOT PRESSURES; ULCERATION; RISK; AMPUTATION; PREVENTION; ULCERS; FEET AB OBJECTIVE - To assess the relationship between diabetes characteristics, medical history foot deformity, sensory neuropathy, and plantar foot pressure. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - There were 517 subjects from a cohort of diabetic veterans enrolled in a prospective study of risk factors for foot complications who contributed 1,017 limbs for study; We interviewed subjects to collect data on demographics, diabetes characteristics, and medical history. A research nurse practitioner performed a directed physical exam of the lower extremities, assessing foot deformities and including quantitative sensory testing with a 5.07 monofilament. In-shoe foot-pressure measurements were obtained with F-scan insoles on subjects wearing their own footwear while walking 10 m at their usual pace. RESULTS - In univariate analyses, significant associations were seen between at least one measure of plantar pressure and body mass, sex, race, age, insulin use, certain foot deformities, plantar callus, and sensory neuropathy. Diabetes duration, HbA(1c), and history of foot ulcer or amputation were unrelated to plantar pressure. In multiple regression analyses, body mass measured as log (weight),insulin use, white race, male sex, plantar callus, and diabetes duration were significantly related to certain pressures. Foot deformities were related primarily to forefoot pressures. With high pressure at two or more sites defined as the outcome, only body mass remained statistically significant as a predictor of this outcome in a backwards elimination logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS - High in-shoe plantar pressure in diabetic subjects can be predicted in part from readily available clinical characteristics. The mechanisms by which these characteristics may be related to plantar pressure require further study. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Clin Fac, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ahroni, JH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res & Dev Serv, S-111-GIMC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 23 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 1999 VL 22 IS 6 BP 965 EP 972 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.6.965 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 198WN UT WOS:000080447400016 PM 10372250 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Elashoff, JD Lake, R AF Meyer, JH Elashoff, JD Lake, R TI Gastric emptying of indigestible versus digestible oils and solid fats in normal humans SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE gastric emptying; fats; solid; liquid; lipolysis ID PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; LIQUID MEAL; LIPIDS; INGESTION AB Recent scintigraphic studies indicate that lipolytic products in the small intestine do not inhibit gastric emptying of fat as potently as previously suggested by studies that compared a liquid indigestible oil with a solid digestible fat. The older studies left open the confounding possibility that solid fats emptied differently than liquid oil. We studied eight normal subjects who ingested four meals in which fat was (1) liquid, digestible Crisco oil, (2) liquid, indigestible sucrose polyester oil, (3) digestible, solid Crisco, and (4) indigestible, solid olestra, Fats were labeled with iodine-123, and their gastric emptying was followed with a gamma camera, Indigestible fats (whether liquid or solid) emptied consistently faster than digestible fats (P < 0.005), although differences were small. Solid fats emptied about as rapidly as oils in the first hour; but more slowly thereafter (P < 0.01). A comparison of present scintigraphic with older studies suggested that solid fats were not well tracked by duodenal, marker-perfusion techniques, which misled previous investigators. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Sepulveda VA Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rm 105,Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1076 EP 1082 DI 10.1023/A:1026699401535 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 211LM UT WOS:000081162600002 PM 10389676 ER PT J AU Kraemer, KL Conigliaro, J Saitz, R AF Kraemer, KL Conigliaro, J Saitz, R TI Managing alcohol withdrawal in the elderly SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Review ID BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; DELIRIUM-TREMENS; LIVER-DISEASE; DRUG-THERAPY; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE LIBRIUM; KINDLING HYPOTHESIS; OXAZEPAM KINETICS; CLINICAL-TRIAL AB The alcohol withdrawal syndrome is common in elderly individuals who are alcohol dependent and who decrease or stop their alcohol intake. While there have been few clinical studies to directly support or refute the hypothesis that withdrawal symptom severity, delirium and seizures increase with advancing age, several observational studies suggest that adverse functional and cognitive complications during alcohol withdrawal do occur more frequently in elderly patients. Most elderly patients with alcohol withdrawal symptoms should be considered for admission to an inpatient setting for supportive care and management, However, elderly patients with adequate social support and without significant withdrawal symptoms at presentation, comorbid illness or past history of complicated withdrawal may be suitable for outpatient management. Although over 100 drugs have been described for alcohol withdrawal treatment, there have been no studies assessing the efficacy of these drugs specifically in elderly patients. Studies in younger patients support benzodiazepines as the most efficacious therapy for reducing withdrawal symptoms and the incidence of delirium and seizure. While short-acting benzodiazepines, such as oxazepam and lorazepam, may be appropriate for elderly patients given the risk for excessive sedation from long-acting benzodiazepines, they may be less effective in preventing seizures and more prone to produce discontinuation symptoms if not tapered properly. To ensure appropriate benzodiazepine treatment, dose and frequency should be individualised with frequent monitoring, and based on validated alcohol withdrawal severity measures. Selected patients who have a history of severe or complicated withdrawal symptoms may benefit from a fixed schedule of benzodiazepine provided that medication is held for sedation. P-Blockers, clonidine, carbamazepine and haloperidol may be used as adjunctive agents to treat symptoms not controlled by benzodiazepines. Lastly, the age of the patient should not deter clinicians from helping the patient achieve successful alcohol treatment and rehabilitation. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Healthcare, Div Gen Internal Med,Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Sect Gen Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston Med Ctr,Clin Addict Res & Educ Unit, Gen Internal Med Sect,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Kraemer, KL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Res Healthcare, Div Gen Internal Med,Dept Med, MUH E820,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU CSAP SAMHSA HHS [1T15-SP07773]; NIAAA NIH HHS [5K08-AA00235, 5R01-AA10870] NR 178 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PD JUN PY 1999 VL 14 IS 6 BP 409 EP 425 DI 10.2165/00002512-199914060-00002 PG 17 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 205JG UT WOS:000080817100002 PM 10408740 ER PT J AU Hisnanick, JJ Kymn, KO AF Hisnanick, JJ Kymn, KO TI Modeling economies of scale: the case of US electric power companies SO ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE electricity; economies of scale ID TECHNOLOGICAL-CHANGE; PRODUCTIVITY; GENERATION AB Modeling and validating the existence of technical progress within the neoclassical production function specification has been facilitated through the translog functional form. However, attempts to separate out the effects of technical progress and returns to scale has been limited. This study develops and presents a model for testing the existence of these two separate effects using data from a sample of US electric power companies. The analysis found that for these electric utilities there existed increasing returns to scale and technical progress that was energy using but capital-neutral. However, scale effects were found to be a dominant factor in lessening the impact of declining average productivity. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20420 USA. W Virginia Univ, Coll Business & Econ, Dept Econ, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Hisnanick, JJ (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, 810 Vermont Ave NW, Washington, DC 20420 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-9883 J9 ENERG ECON JI Energy Econ. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 21 IS 3 BP 225 EP 237 DI 10.1016/S0140-9883(98)00019-X PG 13 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 205AP UT WOS:000080799300003 ER PT J AU Li, N Zhai, Y Oberley, TD AF Li, N Zhai, Y Oberley, TD TI Two distinct mechanisms for inhibition of cell growth in human prostate carcinoma cells with antioxidant enzyme imbalance SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE human prostate carcinoma; cell redox; cell cycle; microtubules; free radicals ID MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; NIH/3T3 FIBROBLASTS; HAMSTER-KIDNEY; OVEREXPRESSION; GLUTATHIONE; LOCALIZATION; TUMOR; DIFFERENTIATION; MODULATION; EXPRESSION AB The purpose of the present study was to determine whether manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) overexpression in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells affected cell reduction-oxidation state (cell redox) and to correlate changes in cell redox status with cell cycle progression and plating efficiency. One MnSOD-overexpressing cell line had no change in other antioxidant enzymes (AEs) (nonadapted clone), whereas a second MnSOD-overexpressing cell line studied had an increase in catalase (CAT) activity (adapted clone). Correlation of biochemical studies with cell cycle studies suggested that heteroploidy observed in the nonadapted MnSOD-overexpressing cell line may be due to increased intracellular peroxides with resultant disruption of the microtubule network, while a decreased mitotic rate was associated with decreased ATP levels in mitosis. In contrast, the decrease in cell growth in the adapted cell line was demonstrated to be due to a decrease in plating efficiency. Our results demonstrate complex effects of AE imbalance on cell growth of DU145 prostate cancer cells. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Grad Sch, Mol Biol Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 42 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 26 IS 11-12 BP 1554 EP 1568 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00024-6 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 210VY UT WOS:000081126400025 PM 10401622 ER PT J AU Bracher, GA Manocha, AP DeBanto, JR Gates, LK Slivka, A Whitcomb, DC Bleau, BL Ulrich, CD Martin, SP AF Bracher, GA Manocha, AP DeBanto, JR Gates, LK Slivka, A Whitcomb, DC Bleau, BL Ulrich, CD Martin, SP TI Endoscopic pancreatic duct stenting to treat pancreatic ascites SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; SOMATOSTATIN; PSEUDOCYSTS; MANAGEMENT AB Background: Management of pancreatic ascites with conservative medical therapy or surgery has met with limited success. Decompression of the pancreatic ductal system through transpapillary stent placement, an alternative strategy, has been reported in only a handful of cases of pancreatic ascites. Methods: We reviewed all cases from 1994 to 1997 in which patients with pancreatic ascites underwent an endoscopic retrograde pancreatogram documenting pancreatic duct disruption with subsequent placement of a transpapillary pancreatic duct stent. Clinical end points were resolution of ascites and need for surgery. Results: There were 8 castes of pancreatic ascites in which a 5F or 7F transpapillary pancreatic duct stent was placed as the initial drainage procedure. Pancreatic ascites resolved in 7 of 8 patients (88%) within 6 weeks. Ascites resolved in the eighth patient, a poor candidate for surgery following placement of a 5 mm expandable metallic pancreatic stent. No infections, alterations in ductal-morphology, or other complications related to stent placement were noted. There was no recurrence of pancreatic ascites or duct disruption at a mean follow-up of 14 months. Conclusions: Our experience doubles the number of reported cases in which transpapillary pancreatic stent placement safely obviated the need for surgical intervention in the setting of pancreatic ascites. This therapeutic endoscopic intervention should be seriously considered in the initial management of patients with pancreatic ascites. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis & Nutr, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Midwest Multicenter Pancreat Study Grp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Martin, SP (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Box 670595,231 Bethesda Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 27 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 49 IS 6 BP 710 EP 715 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70287-7 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 204JE UT WOS:000080760100007 PM 10343214 ER PT J AU Spillare, EA Robles, AI Wang, XW Shen, JC Yu, CE Schellenberg, GD Harris, CC AF Spillare, EA Robles, AI Wang, XW Shen, JC Yu, CE Schellenberg, GD Harris, CC TI p53-mediated apoptosis is attenuated in Werner syndrome cells SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE DNA helicase; XPB; XPD; p53 carboxy-terminal domain ID SYNDROME PROTEIN; DNA HELICASES; SYNDROME GENES; IN-VIVO; P53; LOCALIZATION; EXONUCLEASE; MODULATION; MUTATIONS; CANCER AB The WRN DNA helicase is a member of the DExH-containing DNA helicase superfamily that includes XPB, XPD, and BLM. Mutations in WRN are found in patients with the premature aging and cancer susceptibility syndrome known as Werner syndrome (WS). p53 binds to the WRN protein in vivo and in vitro through its carboxyl terminus. WS fibroblasts have an attenuated p53-mediated apoptotic response, and this deficiency can be rescued by expression of wild-type WRN. These data support the hypothesis that p53 can induce apoptosis through the modulation of specific DExH-containing DNA helicases and may have implications for the cancer predisposition observed in WS patients. C1 NCI, Human Carcinogenesis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182B, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Harris, CC (reprint author), NCI, Human Carcinogenesis Lab, Bldg 37, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Wang, Xin/B-6162-2009 OI Robles, Ana/0000-0001-5019-4374 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12019, AG05427] NR 29 TC 135 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1355 EP 1360 DI 10.1101/gad.13.11.1355 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 205TM UT WOS:000080836700001 PM 10364153 ER PT J AU Wells, A AF Wells, A TI EGF receptor SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE receptor protein tyrosine kinase (RPTK); tumor invasion; wound healing; organogenesis; signaling pathways ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; CELL MOTILITY; ALPHA AB The receptor for the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and related ligands (EGFR), the prototypal member of the superfamily of receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, is widely expressed on many cell types, including epithelial and mesenchymal lineages. Upon activation by at least five genetically distinct ligands (including EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) and heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF)), the intrinsic kinase is activated and EGFR tyrosyl-phosphorylates itself and numerous intermediary effector molecules, including closely-related c-erbB receptor family members. This initiates myriad signaling pathways, some of which attenuate receptor signaling. The integrated biological responses to EGFR signaling are pleiotropic including mitogenesis or apoptosis, enhanced cell motility, protein secretion, and differentiation or dedifferentiation. In addition to being implicated in organ morphogenesis, maintenance and repair, upregulated EGFR signaling has been correlated in a wide variety of tumors with progression to invasion and metastasis. Thus, EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules are targets for therapeutic interventions in wound repair and cancer. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Pathol Serv, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Lab Serv, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Wells, A (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150 NR 15 TC 720 Z9 766 U1 5 U2 55 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1357-2725 J9 INT J BIOCHEM CELL B JI Int J. Biochem. Cell Biol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 31 IS 6 BP 637 EP 643 DI 10.1016/S1357-2725(99)00015-1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 211NL UT WOS:000081167100002 PM 10404636 ER PT J AU Zwillich, CW AF Zwillich, CW TI Obstructive sleep apnoea causes transient and sustained systemic hypertension SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Review ID APNEA PATIENTS; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; ARTERIAL-PRESSURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; STROKE VOLUME; POPULATION; MORTALITY; HYPOXIA; PULMONARY AB Apnoea with associated fall in arterial oxygen tension results in increased blood pressure and a striking surge in sympathetic activity, which can be measured as high catecholamine levels or increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Following the termination of apnoea with resumption of breathing, sympathetic nerve activity decreases and blood pressure returns to lower values. Sympathetic mediated alternations in peripheral vascular resistance best explain these findings. Hypertension during wakefulness in untreated patients with apnoea is also associated with high sympathetic nervous system activity. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to lower blood pressure in some hypertensive obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients. Recently, previously untreated OSA patients exhibiting awake sympathetic hyperexcitation demonstrated striking attentuation of the response following initiation of effective CPAP therapy. Accordingly, the common problem of systemic hypertension found in untreated OSA appears to be mediated by sympathetic excitation and responds to effective CPAP therapy. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Zwillich, CW (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICOM INTERNATIONAL PI SURREY PA CHURSTON HOUSE, PORTSMOUTH RD, ESHER, SURREY KT10 9AD, ENGLAND SN 1368-5031 J9 INT J CLIN PRACT JI Int. J. Clin. Pract. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 301 EP 305 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC General & Internal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 212LL UT WOS:000081218100015 PM 10563076 ER PT J AU Justice, AC Rabeneck, L Hays, RD Wu, AW Bozzette, SA AF Justice, AC Rabeneck, L Hays, RD Wu, AW Bozzette, SA CA Outcomes Comm AIDS Clinical Trials Grp TI Sensitivity, specificity, reliability, and clinical validity of provider-reported symptoms: A comparison with self-reported symptoms SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE adverse drug reactions; symptoms; HIV infection; reliability; validity; functional status; global quality of life; survival ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; POLYPHARMACY; INFECTION; DISEASE; TRIALS AB Background: If symptoms are to be recognized and effectively addressed in clinical research, they must be collected using sensitive, specific, reliable, and clinically meaningful methods. Objective: To perform a comparison of self-administered symptom survey data with data from conventional provider-reports. Design/methods: Secondary data analysis of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 081 (ACTG 081), a randomized trial taking place in 33 sites comparing three approaches to prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii-related pneumonia that found no difference among treatment arms. The study was performed on 842 subjects with advanced HIV infection. No intervention was undertaken as a result of this study. ACTG 081 included data on functional status, global quality of life and survival, and two methods of symptom measurement: an open-ended, provider-reported symptom assessment (provider-report) and a self-administered symptom survey (self-report). Agreement was measured using kappa scores. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using self-report as the standard. Reliability was measured by intersite variation and test-retest reliability (8 weeks later). Clinical validity was evaluated by testing expected associations with functional status, global quality of life, and survival. Results: Symptom data were available for 808 patients (96%). Patient and provider agreement was poor (mean kappa, 0.14; range, 0.07-0.25). Compared with self-report, providers underreported the presence and severity of symptoms (mean symptom count, 5.2 versus 1.3; mean severity score, 1.3 versus 0.74). provider-report demonstrated greater variability by site (R-2 associated with site, 0.02 versus 0.16) and poorer test-retest reliability (mean kappa, 0.34 versus 0.25). Provider-report severity scores were less strongly associated than were self-report with functional status (chi(2), 252 versus 80) global quality of life (R-2 for model, 0.57 versus 0.15), and survival (chi(2), 38 versus 24). Self-reported symptom severity was strongly correlated to patient-reported global quality of life (rho, 0.75; p < .0001). Conclusions: Provider-reported symptoms as currently collected within the ACTG are less sensitive and reproducible than a self-administered symptom survey. Provider reported severity scores are also more weakly associated with functional status, global quality of life, and survival. A self-reported symptom survey may provide a better method of symptom measurement for HIV research. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med & Hlth Care Res, Cleveland, OH USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Cleveland, OH USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Vet Affairs Hlth Serv Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dev Field Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RAND Hlth Sci Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RAND Hlth Sci Div, San Diego, CA USA. RP Justice, AC (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Gen Internal Med Sect, 11E,Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 NR 17 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 126 EP 133 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 202JA UT WOS:000080647500008 PM 10360804 ER PT J AU Orwoll, ES Nelson, HD AF Orwoll, ES Nelson, HD TI Does estrogen adequately protect postmenopausal women against osteoporosis: An iconoclastic perspective SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Editorial Material ID REPLACEMENT THERAPY; OLDER WOMEN; BONE LOSS; FRACTURES; PREVENTION; AGE; HIP C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Unit, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Orwoll, ES (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Unit, Portland VA Med Ctr, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1872 EP 1874 DI 10.1210/jc.84.6.1872 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 202VZ UT WOS:000080674000027 PM 10372678 ER PT J AU Menaa, C Devlin, RD Reddy, SV Gazitt, Y Choi, SJ Roodman, GD AF Menaa, C Devlin, RD Reddy, SV Gazitt, Y Choi, SJ Roodman, GD TI Annexin II increases osteoclast formation by stimulating the proliferation of osteoclast precursors in human marrow cultures SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BONE MARROW; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; INTERLEUKIN-1; RESORPTION; SURFACE; LINEAGE; GM AB Annexin II (AXII), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, has been recently found to be an osteoclast (OCL) stimulatory factor that is also secreted by OCLs. In vitro studies showed that AXII induced OCL formation and bone resorption. However, the mechanism of action by which AXII acts as a soluble extracellular protein to induce OCL formation is unknown. In this paper, we demonstrate that AXII gene expression is upregulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25-(OH)(2)D-3] and that addition of AXII significantly increased OCL-like multinucleated cell formation. Time-course studies suggested that AXII acted on the proliferative stage of OCL precursors and that AXII increased thymidine incorporation in OCL precursors. Moreover, AXII enhanced the growth of CFU-GM, the earliest identifiable OCL precursor, when bone marrow cultures were treated with low concentrations of GM-CSF. This capacity of AXII to induce OCL precursor proliferation was due to induction of GM-CSF expression, because the addition of neutralizing antibodies to GM-CSF blocked the stimulatory effect of AXII on OCL formation. RT-PCR analysis using RNA from highly purified subpopulations of marrow cells demonstrated that T cells, especially CD4(+) T cells, produced GM-CSF in response to AXII. Furthermore, FACS(R) analysis of T-cell subpopulations treated with fluorescein-labeled AXII suggested that the CD4+, but not CD8(+), subpopulation of T cells express an AXII receptor. Taken together, these data suggest that AXII stimulates OCL formation by activating T cells through a putative receptor to secrete GMCSF. GM-CSF then expands the OCL precursor pool to enhance OCL formation. C1 Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, Res Serv 151, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035, P01 CA040035]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-13625, R01 AG013625]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-44603, R01 AR041336, R01 AR044603] NR 27 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA ROOM 4570 KRESGE I, 200 ZINA PITCHER PLACE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0560 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 11 BP 1605 EP 1613 DI 10.1172/JCI6374 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 251VY UT WOS:000083468100016 PM 10359570 ER PT J AU Mohan, C Morel, L Yang, P Watanabe, H Croker, B Gilkeson, G Wakeland, EK AF Mohan, C Morel, L Yang, P Watanabe, H Croker, B Gilkeson, G Wakeland, EK TI Genetic dissection of lupus pathogenesis: a recipe for nephrophilic autoantibodies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID ANTI-DNA ANTIBODIES; HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN; CONGENIC MOUSE STRAINS; DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS; MURINE MODELS; T-CELLS; ERYTHEMATOSUS; MICE; MECHANISMS; LPR AB Sle1 and Sle3 are 2 loci that confer susceptibility to lupus nephritis in the NZM2410 strain of mice. Our previous work has shown that B6.NZMc1 mice, congenic for Sle1, exhibit loss of tolerance to chromatin but do not develop any pathogenic autoantibodies or disease. B6.NZMc7 mice, congenic for Sle3, exhibit low-grade polyclonal B- and T-cell activation, elevated CD4/CD8 ratios, and mildly penetrant glomerulonephritis. In contrast to these monocongenics, the present study reveals that B6.NZMc1 \ c7 mice, bicongenic for Sle1 and Sle3, exhibit splenomegaly, significantly expanded populations of activated B and CD4(+) T cells, and a robust, variegated IgG autoantibody response targeting multiple components of chromatin (including double-stranded DNA), intact glomeruli, and basement membrane matrix antigens. As one might predict, these mice, particularly the females, exhibit highly penetrant glomerulonephritis. These findings lend strong support to a two-step epistatic model for the formation of pathogenic, nephrophilic autoantibodies in lupus. Whereas loci such as Sle1 may serve to breach tolerance to chromatin, full-blown pathogenic maturation of the autoantibody response appears to require additional input from other loci (such as Sle3) and gender-based factors. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Simmons Arthritis Res Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Ctr Immunol, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Pathol Immunol & Lab Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Coll, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Mohan, C (reprint author), Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Simmons Arthritis Res Ctr, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI039824, P01 AI-39824]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044894, R29 AR-44894] NR 55 TC 130 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA ROOM 4570 KRESGE I, 200 ZINA PITCHER PLACE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0560 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 12 BP 1685 EP 1695 DI 10.1172/JCI5827 PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 251VZ UT WOS:000083468200011 PM 10377175 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Wirshing, WC Kysar, L Berisford, MA Goldstein, D Pashdag, J Mintz, J Marder, SR AF Wirshing, DA Wirshing, WC Kysar, L Berisford, MA Goldstein, D Pashdag, J Mintz, J Marder, SR TI Novel antipsychotics: Comparison of weight gain liabilities SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Collegium-Internationale-Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum Congress CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Collegium Int Neuro Psychopharm ID FOOD-INTAKE; PSYCHOTROPIC-DRUGS; CLOZAPINE; SEROTONIN; RISPERIDONE; RECEPTORS; RATS; ANTAGONIST; ASTEMIZOLE; OBESITY AB Background: We performed a retrospective analysis of 122 clinical records of 92 male patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia to examine the relative weight gain liabilities of clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, and sertindole compared with haloperidol. We hypothesized that the unique pharmacodynamic profiles of these agents would contribute to different amounts and patterns of weight gain. Method: Data were analyzed to determine differences in weight gain during treatment among patients receiving 5 different drug treatments (clozapine [N = 20], olanzapine [N = 13], risperidone [N = 38], haloperidol [N = 43], and sertindole [N = 8]). Measures of maximal weight gain, final weight, and duration to maximal weight gain were calculated. Results: Repeated measures analyses of variance controlling for age, treatment duration, and initial weight revealed statistically significant differences between groups on all 3 measures. Clozapine and olanzapine had the greatest maximal weight gain liability (F = 4.13, df = 4,23; p = .01). Weight gain with clozapine, but not olanzapine or risperidone, appears to persist (as reflected by final weight) despite behavioral interventions (e.g., nutritional consultation, suggested exercise regimen; F = 5.69, df = 4,23; p = .003). Clozapine- and olanzapine-treated subjects appeared to gain weight over a prolonged period of time, whereas risperidone and sertindole-treated subjects had a more limited period of weight gain (F = 2.95, df = 4,25; P = .04). Conclusion: Clozapine and olanzapine caused the most weight gain, risperidone was intermediate, and sertindole had less associated weight gain than haloperidol. The relative receptor affinities of the novel antipsychotics for histamine H-1 appear to be the most robust correlate of these clinical findings. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Pepperdine Univ, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Rd B151-H,Bldg 210B,Room 15, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 49 TC 427 Z9 443 U1 3 U2 11 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD JUN PY 1999 VL 60 IS 6 BP 358 EP 363 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 211XN UT WOS:000081187300001 PM 10401912 ER PT J AU Rhew, DC Glassman, PA Goetz, MB AF Rhew, DC Glassman, PA Goetz, MB TI Improving pneumococcal vaccine rates - Nurse protocols versus clinical reminders SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pneumococcal vaccine; vaccinations; standing orders; reminders; feedback ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; PREVENTIVE CARE; METAANALYSIS; IMMUNIZATION; GUIDELINES; INFLUENZA; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of three interventions designed to improve the pneumococcal vaccination rate. DESIGN: A prospective controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs ambulatory care clinic. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: There were 3,502 outpatients with scheduled visits divided into three clinic teams (A, B, or C). INTERVENTIONS: During a la-week period, each clinic team received one intervention: (A) nurse standing orders with comparative feedback as well as patient and clinician reminders; (B) nurse standing orders with compliance reminders as well as patient and clinician reminders; and (C) patient and clinician reminders alone. Team A nurses (comparative feedback group) received information on their vaccine rates relative to those of team B nurses. Team B nurses (compliance reminders group) received reminders to vaccinate but no information on vaccine rates. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Team A nurses assessed more patients than team B nurses (39% vs 34%, p = .009). However, vaccination rates per total patient population were similar (22% vs 25%, p = .09). The vaccination rates for both team A and team B were significantly higher than the 5% vaccination rate for team C (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Nurse-initiated vaccine protocols raised vaccination rates substantially more than a physician and patient reminder system. The nurse-initiated protocol with comparative feedback modestly improved the assessment rate compared with the protocol with compliance reminders, but overall vaccination rates were similar. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111F, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 21 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 14 IS 6 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00353.x PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 206BD UT WOS:000080855400006 PM 10354255 ER PT J AU Haidet, P Paterniti, D AF Haidet, P Paterniti, D TI Physicians and managed care challenges in the new environment SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Haidet, P (reprint author), Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 14 IS 6 BP 390 EP 390 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.04059.x PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 206BD UT WOS:000080855400015 PM 10354263 ER PT J AU Oken, BS Kishiyama, SS Kaye, JA Jones, DE AF Oken, BS Kishiyama, SS Kaye, JA Jones, DE TI Age-related differences in global-local processing: Stability of laterality differences but disproportionate impairment in global processing SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE; HEALTHY OLDEST-OLD; SPATIAL-FREQUENCY; HIERARCHICAL STIMULI; ATTENTION; FOREST; BRAIN; TREES; TIME; IDENTIFICATION AB Visual processing of global and local features differentially engages the right and left hemispheres and requires different allocations of spatial attention. To further understand the decline in visual cognition and visual attention with age, we studied the performance of healthy young subjects and healthy elders on a global-local figures task. The results showed that elders processed global images more quickly when presented in the left visual field and local images in the right visual field, similarly to the young controls. However, we did observe a significant impairment in the elders' ability to process global figures compared with local figures, despite there being no overall difference between global and local processing speed among the young. It is thought that this age-related decline in global processing is related to the narrowed attentional field that can be demonstrated in other age-related visual processing declines such as visual search and useful field of view. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Oken, BS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08017, AG14877] NR 52 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1177/089198879901200207 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 230WC UT WOS:000082273800006 PM 10483929 ER PT J AU Barnes, VL Musa, J Mitchell, RJ Barnes, JL AF Barnes, VL Musa, J Mitchell, RJ Barnes, JL TI Expression of embryonic fibronectin isoform EIIIA parallels alpha-smooth muscle actin in maturing and diseased kidney SO JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fibronectin; alternative splicing; smooth muscle actin; mesangium; glomerulonephritis; interstitial nephritis; fibrosis ID HABU SNAKE-VENOM; ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED EIIIB; IMMUNE-COMPLEX NEPHRITIS; MESANGIAL CELL-MIGRATION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1; PROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; PULMONARY FIBROSIS; V-SEGMENT; RAT AB In this study we examined if an association exists between expression of an alternatively spliced "embryonic" fibronectin isoform EIIIA (Fn-EIIIA) and or-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in the maturing and adult rat kidney and in two unrelated models of glomerular disease, passive accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis and Habu venom (HV)-induced proliferative glomerulonephritis, using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Fn-EIIIA and alpha-SMA proteins were abundantly expressed in mesangium and in periglomerular and peritubular interstitium of 20-day embryonic and 7-day (D-7) postnatal kidneys in regions of tubule and glomerular development. Staining was markedly reduced in these structures in maturing juvenile (D-14) kidney and was largely lost in adult kidney. Expression of Fn-EIIIA and alpha-SMA was reinitiated in the mesangium and the periglomerular and peritubular interstitium in both models and was also observed in glomerular crescents in anti-GBM nephritis. Increased expression of Fn-EIIIA mRNA by in situ hybridization corresponded to the localization of protein staining. Dual labeling experiments verified co-localization of Fn-EIIIA and alpha-SMA, showing a strong correlation of staining between location and staining intensity during kidney development, maturation, and disease. Expression of EIIIA mRNA corresponded to protein expression in developing and diseased kidneys and was lost in adult kidney. These studies show a recapitulation of the co-expression of Fn-EIIIA and alpha-SMA in anti-GBM disease and suggest a functional link for these two proteins. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Med Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Hosp, Dept Nephrol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Barnes, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38758] NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC PI SEATTLE PA UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTRUCTURE, BOX 357420, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0022-1554 J9 J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM JI J. Histochem. Cytochem. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 6 BP 787 EP 797 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 198YH UT WOS:000080451800008 PM 10330455 ER PT J AU Goldberg, SL AF Goldberg, SL TI The arteries are small - The challenge is large SO JOURNAL OF INVASIVE CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; STENT IMPLANTATION; CORONARY; TRIAL C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiac Catheterizat Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Goldberg, SL (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiac Catheterizat Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEALTH MANAGEMENT PUBLICATIONSINC PI WAYNE PA 950 WEST VALLEY RD, STE 2800, WAYNE, PA 19087 USA SN 1042-3931 J9 J INVASIVE CARDIOL JI J. Invasive Cardiol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 11 IS 6 BP 351 EP 352 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 225WW UT WOS:000081989800006 PM 10745547 ER PT J AU Guihan, M Weaver, FM Cowper, DC Nydam, T Miskevics, S AF Guihan, M Weaver, FM Cowper, DC Nydam, T Miskevics, S TI Using Department of Veterans Affairs administrative databases to examine long term care utilization for men and women veterans SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE long-term care; databases; nursing home; veterans ID FEMALE VETERANS AB We examined long term care (LTC) utilization by male and female veterans using administrative databases maintained by VA. Research questions included: (I) Which LTC services are utilized? (2) Do utilization patterns of older veterans differ from those of elderly persons in the general U.S. population? (3) Po LTC needs of veterans vary by gender? We were unable to track LTC utilization of individuals across administrative databases. Some databases could only provide information at the national level, or alternatively, were available only at local facilities, or only at the patient or program-level data-making it impossible to get a clear picture of all the services received by an individual. Those planning to use administrative databases to conduct research must: (I) take more time than expected; (2) be flexible/willing to compromise, (3) "ferret out" information, and (4) recognize that because of dynamism inherent in information systems, results may change over time. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Northwestern Univ, Inst Hlth Serv Res & Policy Studies, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Guihan, M (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Midw Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Roosevelt Rd & 5th Ave, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0148-5598 J9 J MED SYST JI J. Med. Syst. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 201 EP 218 DI 10.1023/A:1020571504693 PG 18 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 248DP UT WOS:000083260300005 PM 10554736 ER PT J AU Gerrity, TR Feussner, JR AF Gerrity, TR Feussner, JR TI Emerging research on the treatment of Gulf War veterans' illnesses SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Much of what is known about Gulf War veterans' illnesses is a result of the investment in research by the federal government. Since 1993, the Research Working Group of the Federal Interagency Persian Gulf Veterans Coordinating Board has guided the federal research program. Based on this research, Hodgson and Kipin(1) conclude that the symptom-based conditions reported by Gulf War veterans could be treated through the use of a technique called cognitive behavioral therapy. This past year, the Department of Veterans Veterans Affairs launched the largest multisite, randomized, controlled treatment trial of the effectiveness of exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy in relieving the symptoms of ill Gulf War veterans, Despite this important step forward, the Department and its Research Working Group partners continue to explore all aspects of Gulf War veterans' illnesses. C1 Vet Hlth Adm, Off Res & Dev 12G, US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20420 USA. RP Gerrity, TR (reprint author), Vet Hlth Adm, Off Res & Dev 12G, US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20420 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 41 IS 6 BP 440 EP 442 DI 10.1097/00043764-199906000-00009 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206MQ UT WOS:000080883500009 PM 10390694 ER PT J AU Strack, S AF Strack, S TI Special series: Millon's evolving personality theory and measures SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Los Angeles Ambulatory Care Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Strack, S (reprint author), VA Ambulatory Care Ctr, Psychol Serv, 116B,351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 72 IS 3 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.1207/S15327752JP720301 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 218AG UT WOS:000081530700001 ER PT J AU Strack, S AF Strack, S TI Millon's normal personality styles and dimensions SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID ADJECTIVE CHECK LIST; MCMI-II; SCALES AB Millon's normal personality styles and dimensions emanate from the same evolutionary model he developed to explain personality pathology. For him, normal and abnormal personality lie along a continuum with no sharp demarcation to distinguish the two. The major difference is that normal individuals demonstrate adaptive flexibility in responding to their environment, whereas disordered persons exhibit rigid and maladaptive behavior.. In this article, I present a historical introduction to Millon's ideas on normality, descriptions of his normal personality styles and dimensions, up-to-date empirical findings, and avenues for future research. I conclude that, with additional validity data, Millon's model of normal personality may be suitable for an expanded Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Axis II that allows for diagnosis of normal personality types when a complete personality disorder syndrome is absent. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Los Angeles Ambulatory Care Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Strack, S (reprint author), VA Ambulatory Care Ctr, Psychol Serv, 116B,351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 72 IS 3 BP 426 EP 436 DI 10.1207/S15327752JP720307 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 218AG UT WOS:000081530700007 ER PT J AU Wright, SM Petersen, LA Lamkin, RP Daley, J AF Wright, SM Petersen, LA Lamkin, RP Daley, J TI Increasing use of medicare services by veterans with acute myocardial infarction SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE AMI; veterans; Medicare; cardiac procedures; mortality; availability of cardiac technology ID NEW-YORK-STATE; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; UNITED-STATES; AFFAIRS; CARE; OUTCOMES; MORTALITY; CANADA; REGIONALIZATION AB OBJECTIVES. Some of the nation's 26 million veterans have two government-financed health care entitlements: Medicare and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). The aims of this investigation were to examine trends where Medicare-eligible VA users are initially hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and then to assess rates of cardiac procedure use and mortality for veterans initially admitted to each system of care. METHODS. We used VA and HCFA national databases to identify VA users (age range, greater than or equal to 65 years) who were initially admitted to a VAMC or Medicare financed hospital (Medicare hospital) with a primary diagnosis of AMI between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 1995, (n = 47,598). We examined the use of cardiac procedures (cardiac catheterization [CC] coronary artery bypass surgery [CABG], and coronary angioplasty [CA] and mortality (30-day and 1-year) by the type of initial admitting hospital within each system of care, RESULTS. Almost 70% of VA users hospitalized for AMI were initially admitted to Medicare hospitals versus VAMCs between 1992 (64%) and 1995 (72%). After adjusting for patient characteristics in logistic models, VA users initially hospitalized in Medicare hospitals were significantly more likely to undergo cardiac procedures than were VA users hospitalized in VAMCs. Differences in the odds of receiving a procedure were most significant when comparing Medicare hospitals with onsite cardiac technology to VA hospitals without on-site cardiac technology (CC: OR 4.34, 95% CI 3.98-4.73; CABG: OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.92-2.43; CA: OR 4.56, 95% CI 3.98-5.25). We found no significant differences in 30-day and 1-year adjusted mortality rates between VA users initially admitted to VAMCs or Medicare hospitals. CONCLUSIONS. Medicare-eligible VA users are increasingly hospitalized in Medicare hospitals for AMI. VA users cared for in Medicare hospitals receive more cardiac procedures but have the same survival as VA users cared for in VAMCs. These findings have policy implications for access, quality, and costs in both systems of care. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Roxbury, MA USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. Harvard Thorndike Lab, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med,Charles A Dana Res Inst, Beth Isreal Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med,Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wright, SM (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr W Roxbury, 1400 VFW Pkwy,HSR&D 151, Boston, MA 02132 USA. NR 29 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 1999 VL 37 IS 6 BP 529 EP 537 DI 10.1097/00005650-199906000-00002 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206NR UT WOS:000080886400002 PM 10386565 ER PT J AU Lavrovsky, Y Tyagi, RK Chen, S Song, CS Chatterjee, B Roy, AK AF Lavrovsky, Y Tyagi, RK Chen, S Song, CS Chatterjee, B Roy, AK TI Ribozyme-mediated cleavage of the estrogen receptor messenger RNA and inhibition of receptor function in target cells SO MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY; HAMMERHEAD RIBOZYME; ORPHAN RECEPTOR; MCF-7; PROTEIN; GENE; BETA; LINE; ANTIESTROGENS AB Estrogen receptor (ER) functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor for estrogen-regulated genes. Because of the critical role of the ER in the proliferation of certain estrogen-dependent cancer cell types such as the mammary tumor, inhibitors of estrogen action at the level of receptor function are of major clinical interest. Here we describe developments of two ribozymes that can selectively degrade the human ER mRNA and inhibit trans-activation of an artificial promoter containing the estrogen response element. Two ribozymes, designated RZ-1 and RZ-2, cleave the human ER alpha mRNA at nucleotide positions +956 and +889, respectively. These cleavage sites lie within the coding sequence for the DNA-binding domain of the receptor protein. Both RZ-1 and RZ-2 were also effective in inhibiting the progression of quiescent MCF-7 breast cancer cells to the S phase of the cell cycle after their exposure to 17 beta-estradiol (10(-9) M). These results provide a new avenue for inhibition of estrogen action by selective mRNA degradation with its potential therapeutic application through targeted gene delivery vectors. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM roy@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [T32 AG-00165, R37-AG-10486]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK-14744] NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-8809 J9 MOL ENDOCRINOL JI Mol. Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 6 BP 925 EP 934 DI 10.1210/me.13.6.925 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 202UE UT WOS:000080669900015 PM 10379891 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Newton, T Mandelkern, M Mintz, J Foster, JA Ling, W Bridge, TP AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Newton, T Mandelkern, M Mintz, J Foster, JA Ling, W Bridge, TP TI Selegiline effects on cocaine-induced changes in medial temporal lobe metabolism and subjective ratings of euphoria SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cocaine; selegiline; PET; MRI; hippocampus; amygdala; euphoria ID L-DEPRENYL SELEGILINE; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; ACETYLCHOLINE-RELEASE; HUMAN BRAIN; MAO-B; HIPPOCAMPUS; DOPAMINE; DEPENDENCE; AMYGDALA; RAT AB To test the effect of selegiline, aspecific monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B)inhibitor, on the cerebral metabolic and euphorigenic effects of cocaine in experienced users, eight cocaine-dependent (CD) subjects were evaluated using a within-subjects design. Each subject participated in two pairs of [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) scans (baseline scan followed 24 h Inter by a second scan obtained in conjunction with a 40-mg cocaine infusion) performed before and after a 1-week period of daily treatment with 10 mg selegiline administered orally. The hippocampus and amygdala were evaluated because of their hypothesized involvement in the addiction process, and the thalamus teas evaluated as a comparison region. Following 7 days of selegiline treatment, the magnitude of the subjective euphoria ("high") produced by cocaine infusion was reduced by 40% (cocaine by selegiline interaction F = 7.15, df = 1,22, p = .014). Selegiline treatment also altered glucose utilization (normalized against whole brain counts) in the two limbic regions, but not the thalamus. In the amygdala, the effects of cocaine differed, depending upon whether or not patients were being treated with selegiline (cocaine by selegiline interaction F = 4.67, df = 1,19.8, p = .043). A different effect was observed in the hippocampus, where selegiline treatment decreased metabolic activity irrespective of whether cocaine was given (main effect F = 7.70, df = 1,20, p = .012). The concomitant changes in both the subjective experience of the "high" and normalized amygdala glucose utilization after selegiline treatment, suggest that a relationship exists between cocaine-induced euphoria and limbic metabolism. The data suggest that selegiline may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of cocaine dependence. (C) 1999 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 N Little Rock VA Med Ctr NLR, Psychiat Serv, Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90074 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NIDA, Med Dev Div, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), N Little Rock VA Med Ctr NLR, Psychiat Serv, 2200 Ft Roots Dr,Bldg 170,116A, Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 OI newton, thomas/0000-0002-3198-5901 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA 50038] NR 43 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD JUN PY 1999 VL 20 IS 6 BP 582 EP 590 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00092-X PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 191TN UT WOS:000080037800007 PM 10327427 ER PT J AU Kelley, ME Yao, JK van Kammen, DP AF Kelley, ME Yao, JK van Kammen, DP TI Plasma catecholamine metabolites as markers for psychosis and antipsychotic response in schizophrenia SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; catecholamines; homovanillic acid; psychosis ID HOMOVANILLIC-ACID LEVELS; HALOPERIDOL WITHDRAWAL; NEUROLEPTIC TREATMENT; DOPAMINE METABOLISM; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; HVA; DEBRISOQUIN; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; NOREPINEPHRINE AB The objective of this study tons to determine Me association between the patterns of change in the dopaminergic metabolite plasma homovanillic acid (HVA), the noradrenergic metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and psychosis following haloperidol withdrawal in schizophrenic patients. Weekly plasma measurements were obtained in 107 subjects with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Random regression was used to control for individual variance while modeling metabolite changes over time and relationships with psychosis. Changes in plasma MHPG were not significantly associated with relapse or psychosis, while increased plasma HVA was found to be associated with relapse. Psychosis was correlated negatively with plasma HVA levels. The current analysis, controlling for individual variance, indicates that there is evidence for pharmacological effects an plasma HVA, but not plasma MHPG. In addition, these metabolites do not appear to be direct markers of psychosis, but may be associated with a compensatory response by the system to return to the steady state. (C) 1999 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, GIM 130U, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kelley, ME (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, GIM 130U, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-44841] NR 60 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD JUN PY 1999 VL 20 IS 6 BP 603 EP 611 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00094-3 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 191TN UT WOS:000080037800009 PM 10327429 ER PT J AU Fenn, DS Ganzini, L AF Fenn, DS Ganzini, L TI Attitudes of Oregon psychologists toward physician-assisted suicide and the Oregon Death With Dignity Act SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; EUTHANASIA; CARE; PSYCHIATRISTS; COMPETENCE AB Since the passage of the Oregon Death With Dignity Act (ODDA), psychologists have been grappling with how to fulfill their legally specified role in the process of physician-assisted suicide. We surveyed Oregon psychologists to elicit their views on assisted suicide and the process of assessing patients who request such assistance. There was a high degree of support for assisted suicide and the ODDA, but also a minority who were highly opposed. Most survey respondents raised ethical or practical concerns with their role as assessors. Many important questions about how evaluations in this complex area should be conducted remain unanswered. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Res 116AP, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Fenn, DS (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Res 116AP, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 30 IS 3 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.1037/0735-7028.30.3.235 PG 10 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 204VV UT WOS:000080786100003 PM 14626273 ER PT J AU Brawer, MK Lin, DW Williford, WO Jones, K Lepor, H AF Brawer, MK Lin, DW Williford, WO Jones, K Lepor, H TI Effect of finasteride and or terazosin on serum PSA: Results of VA cooperative study #359 SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE PSA; BPH; finasteride; terazosin ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; ACID-PHOSPHATASE; CANCER DETECTION; HYPERPLASIA; MEN; VARIABILITY; EFFICACY; ADENOCARCINOMA; SAFETY AB BACKGROUND. Medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) giving rise to lower urinary tract symptomatology (LUTS) has emerged as the mainstay for first-line therapy. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most important method of detecting prostate carcinoma. The effect of finasteride on PSA has been widely: reported. Little data exist with respect to alpha-adrenergic blocking therapy in men treated for BPH. In the present investigation we set out to evaluate the effect of these two forms of therapy. METHODS. Patients enrolled in the VA Cooperative Study #359 trial were evaluated. This study evaluated men with moderate LUTS owing to BPH in four treatment groups: placebo (P), finasteride (F), terazosin (T), and combination of finasteride plus terazosin (C). Men were recruited at 31 VA medical centers and had a baseline in 52-week PSA determination at the respective sites. RESULTS. There was no significant difference in baseline PSA between four groups (mean range, 2.0-2.9 ng/ml). Statistically significant reduction in PSA levels was observed at 52 weeks in the F and C arms (P < 0.001), whereas significant increases were observed in the T and P arms (P < 0.01). Additionally, there was no significant difference in PSA response between the T and P arms, Thirty percent of men in the C or F arms had more than 40-60% reduction of PSA. In contrast, the majority of men on T or P had less than 40% change in PSA. Only 35% of men on F or C had the expected 40-60% reduction in PSA level. CONCLUSIONS. These data demonstrate no clinically significant effect of T on PSA level. The heterogeneity of PSA response to F may make monitoring patients for the development of prostate cancer problematic. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Pacific NW Canc Fdn, NW Prostate Inst, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Ctr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Perry Point VA Med Ctr, Cooperat Studies Program Coodinating Ctr, Perry Point, MD USA. NYU Med Ctr, Dept Urol, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Brawer, MK (reprint author), Pacific NW Canc Fdn, NW Prostate Inst, 1560 N 115th St,Suite 209, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 39 IS 4 BP 234 EP 239 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 196ZD UT WOS:000080339400003 PM 10344212 ER PT J AU Wilkins, SS Castle, S Heck, E Tanzy, K Fahey, J AF Wilkins, SS Castle, S Heck, E Tanzy, K Fahey, J TI Immune function, mood, and perceived burden among caregivers participating in a psychoeducational intervention SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID DEPRESSION; STRESS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Immunol & Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wilkins, SS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 11G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-00489-01] NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 50 IS 6 BP 747 EP 749 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 202AK UT WOS:000080629800005 PM 10375143 ER PT J AU Metzger, DS Navaline, H Woody, GE AF Metzger, DS Navaline, H Woody, GE TI Drug abuse treatment as AIDS prevention SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Research Synthesis Symposium on the Prevention of HIV in Drug Abusers CY AUG 03-05, 1997 CL FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA ID METHADONE-MAINTENANCE TREATMENT; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; OUT-OF-TREATMENT; NEW-YORK-CITY; HIV-INFECTION; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; RISK-REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; USERS; SEROCONVERSION AB Objective. As the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic among drug users enters its third decade in the United States, it is important to consider the role played by substance abuse treatment in the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Methods. The authors review the research literature, examining findings from studies with behavioral and serologic measures on the association among treatment participation, HIV risk reduction, and HIV infection. Results. Numerous studies have now documented that significantly lower rates of drug use and related risk behaviors are practiced by injecting drug users (IDUs) who are in treatment. Importantly, these behavioral differences, based primarily on self-report, are consistent with studies that have examined HIV seroprevalence and seroincidence among drug users, Conclusion. The underlying mechanism of action suggested by the collective findings of the available literature is rather simple-individuals who enter and remain in treatment reduce their drug use, which leads to fewer instances of drug-related risk behavior. This lower rate of exposure results in fewer infections with HIV, The protective effects of treatment, however, can only be achieved when programs are accessible and responsive to the changing needs of drug users. Future research needs to be directed at developing a better understanding of the factors that enhance treatment entry and retention. C1 Univ Penn, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict, Opiate & AIDS Res Div, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Subst Abuse Treatment Unit, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Metzger, DS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict, Opiate & AIDS Res Div, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Metzger, David/D-9499-2012 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD JUN PY 1999 VL 113 SU 1 BP 97 EP 106 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 211TJ UT WOS:000081177700011 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Woolf, SH Eccles, M Grimshaw, J AF Shekelle, PG Woolf, SH Eccles, M Grimshaw, J TI Developing clinical guidelines SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AFFECTS OUTCOMES; CONTROLLED TRIALS; APPROPRIATENESS; BIAS; LANGUAGE; THERAPY; RATINGS; QUALITY AB The methods of guideline development should ensure that treating patients according to guidelines will achieve the outcomes that are desired. This article presents a combination of the literature about guideline: development and the results of our combined experience in guideline development in North America and Britain. It considers the 5 steps in the initial development of an evidence-based guideline. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Dept Family Practice, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AA, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD, Scotland. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Grimshaw, Jeremy/D-8726-2013 OI Grimshaw, Jeremy/0000-0001-8015-8243 NR 16 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 6 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 170 IS 6 BP 348 EP 351 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 220XA UT WOS:000081692500014 PM 18751155 ER PT J AU Horner, MD Harvey, RT Denier, CA AF Horner, MD Harvey, RT Denier, CA TI Self-report and objective measures of cognitive deficit in patients entering substance abuse treatment SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE neuropsychology; cognition; substance-related disorders; alcoholism; cocaine ID SEVERE HEAD-INJURY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; POLYDRUG USERS; COCAINE ABUSERS; ALCOHOLICS; UNAWARENESS; IMPAIRMENT; MEMORY; BRAIN AB The relationship between self-reported cognitive deficits and objectively measured cognitive performance was examined in 86 patients entering substance abuse treatment. Self-ratings of cognitive impairment were strongly correlated with indices of depression and vulnerability to stress, but not with objective cognitive performance. Confirming the lack of relationship between self-report and objective cognitive measures, cognitive performance did not differ between patients at the extremes of the cognitive-complaint distribution; and cognitively impaired patients did not differ from cognitively intact patients in their self-ratings of impairment. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Primary Care Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD MAY 31 PY 1999 VL 86 IS 2 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(99)00031-1 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 207ZX UT WOS:000080966700007 PM 10397417 ER PT J AU Mann, DL AF Mann, DL TI Inflammatory mediators in heart failure: homogeneity through heterogeneity SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CARDIOMYOPATHY; EXPRESSION C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Cardiol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Cardiol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 29 PY 1999 VL 353 IS 9167 BP 1812 EP 1813 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)90069-7 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 202TG UT WOS:000080667800002 PM 10359399 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Merrill, JO AF Bradley, KA Merrill, JO TI "Doctor, is wine good for my heart?" SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; DRINKING; WOMEN; AUDIT; RISK C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev & Primary & Specialty Med Car, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev & Primary & Specialty Med Car, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 29 PY 1999 VL 353 IS 9167 BP 1815 EP 1816 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)90188-5 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 202TG UT WOS:000080667800005 PM 10359402 ER PT J AU Osterlund, T Beussman, DJ Julenius, K Poon, PH Linse, S Shabanowitz, J Hunt, DF Schotz, MC Derewenda, ZS Holm, C AF Osterlund, T Beussman, DJ Julenius, K Poon, PH Linse, S Shabanowitz, J Hunt, DF Schotz, MC Derewenda, ZS Holm, C TI Domain identification of hormone-sensitive lipase by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, limited proteolysis, and mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROPHORESIS; SEPARATION; CHARACTER; PROTEIN AB Structure-function relationship analyses of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) have suggested that this metabolically important enzyme consists of several functional and at least two structural domains (Osterlund, T., Danielsson, B., Degerman, E., Contreras, J. A., Edgren, G., Davis, R. C., Schotz, M. C., and Helm, C. (1996) Bio-chem. J. 319, 411-420; Contreras, J. A., Karlsson, M., Osterlund, T., Laurell, H., Svensson, A, and Helm, C. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 31426-31430). To analyze the structural domain composition of HSL in more detail, we applied biophysical methods. Denaturation of HSL was followed by circular dichroism measurements and fluorescence spectroscopy, revealing that the unfolding of HSL is a two-step event. Using limited proteolysis in combination with mass spectrometry, several proteolytic fragments of HSL were identified, including one corresponding exactly to the proposed N-terminal domain. Major cleavage sites were found in the predicted hinge region between the two domains and in the regulatory module of the C-terminal, catalytic domain. Analyses of a hinge region cleavage mutant and calculations of the hydropathic pattern of HSL further suggest that the hinge region and regulatory module are exposed parts of HSL. Together, these data support our previous hypothesis that HSL consists of two major structural domains, encoded by exons 1-4 and 5-9, respectively, of which the latter contains an exposed regulatory module outside the catalytic alpha/beta-hydrolase fold core. C1 Univ Lund, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Sect Mol Signalling, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Lund, Dept Phys Chem 2, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Holm, C (reprint author), Univ Lund, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Sect Mol Signalling, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RI Hunt, Donald/I-6936-2012 OI Hunt, Donald/0000-0003-2815-6368; Linse, Sara/0000-0001-9629-7109 NR 19 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 28 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 22 BP 15382 EP 15388 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.22.15382 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 200VE UT WOS:000080560100014 PM 10336425 ER PT J AU Silverton, SF Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Awumey, EM Malinski, T Zaidi, M AF Silverton, SF Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Awumey, EM Malinski, T Zaidi, M TI Direct microsensor measurement of nitric oxide production by the osteoclast SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR CA2+; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; IN-SITU; CELLS; SUPEROXIDE; SYNTHASES; CALCIUM; RELEASE; BONE AB Nitric oxide (NO) triggers marked osteoclast retraction which closely resembles that due to Ca2+, The effect of Ca2+ has been attributed to a stimulated release of NO. Here, we show for the first time, by direct measurement with a microsensor, that osteoclasts do indeed produce NO and that this production is enhanced by a high Ca2+. We also show that the Ca2+ ionophore, A23187, mimics the latter. Furthermore, osteoclasts on dentine produce more NO than osteoclasts on glass and NO release from dentine-plated osteoclasts is much less sensitive to stimulation by Ca2+, Finally, the microsomal Ca2+ store-depleting agent, thapsigargin, attenuates NO release only from osteoclasts on glass, suggesting that stored Ca2+ has the dominant effect in modulating NO release from non-resorbing cells. NO is a powerful inhibitor of bone resorption: a direct demonstration of its production is therefore strong evidence for a role in modulating osteoclast function. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Philadelphia, PA USA. Oakland Univ, Dept Chem, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. RP Silverton, SF (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR20248] NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 27 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 1 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0703 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 201KG UT WOS:000080593500013 PM 10334918 ER PT J AU Wipf, JE Lipsky, BA Hirschmann, JV Boyko, EJ Takasugi, J Peugeot, RL Davis, CL AF Wipf, JE Lipsky, BA Hirschmann, JV Boyko, EJ Takasugi, J Peugeot, RL Davis, CL TI Diagnosing pneumonia by physical examination - Relevant or relic? SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PREDICTION; LUNG SOUNDS; CHEST; AUSCULTATION; SIGNS AB Background: The reliability of chest physical examination and the degree of agreement among examiners in diagnosing pneumonia based on these findings are largely unknown. Objectives: To determine the accuracy of various physical examination maneuvers in diagnosing pneumonia and to compare the interobserver reliability of the maneuvers among 3 examiners. Methods: Fifty-two male patients presenting to the emergency department of a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical center with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection (cough and change in sputum) were prospectively examined. A comprehensive lung physical examination was performed sequentially by 3 physicians who were blind to clinical history, laboratory findings, and x-ray results. Examination findings by lung site and whether the examiner diagnosed pneumonia were recorded on a standard form. Chest x-ray films were read by a radiologist. Results: Twenty-four patients had pneumonia confirmed by chest x-ray films. Twenty-eight patients did not have pneumonia. Abnormal lung sounds were common in both groups; the most frequently detected were rales in the upright seated position and bronchial breath sounds. Relatively high agreement among examiners (kappa approximate to 0.5) occurred for rales in the lateral decubitus position and for wheezes. The 3 examiners' clinical diagnosis of pneumonia had a sensitivity of 47% to 69% and specificity of 58% to 75%. Conclusions: The degree of interobserver agreement was highly variable for different physical examination findings. The most valuable examination maneuvers in detecting pneumonia were unilateral rales and rales in the lateral decubitus position. The traditional chest physical examination is not sufficiently accurate on its own to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of pneumonia. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Serv Radiol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wipf, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Vet Affairs, Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC,Dept Med, 111M,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114; Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 15 TC 116 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 24 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 10 BP 1082 EP 1087 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.10.1082 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 196GL UT WOS:000080300600008 PM 10335685 ER PT J AU Yang, H Kawakubo, K Tache, Y AF Yang, H Kawakubo, K Tache, Y TI Kainic acid into the parapyramidal region protects against gastric injury by ethanol SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kainic acid; gastric lesion; parapyramidal region ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; RAT AB Neurons in the parapyramidal region of the ventral medulla project to the dorsal vagal complex and intermediolateral column. Kainic acid (0.5-5.0 ng) microinjected unilaterally into the parapyramidal region reduced 45% ethanol-induced gastric lesions by 50-60% in urethane anesthetized rats. Microinjections at sites nearby, but outside of the parapyramidal region, had no effect. These results provide the first evidence that the activation of parapyramidal region neurons influences gastric function and suggests a possible role of this ventral medulla region in gastric regulation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med,Div Digest Dis, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110, DK-50255, DK-33061] NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD MAY 21 PY 1999 VL 372 IS 3 BP R1 EP R3 DI 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00241-1 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 204KB UT WOS:000080762500017 PM 10395029 ER PT J AU Wen, Y Edelman, JL Kang, T Sachs, G AF Wen, Y Edelman, JL Kang, T Sachs, G TI Lipocortin V may function as a signaling protein for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/Flk-1 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TYROSINE KINASE; ANNEXIN-V; PERMEABILITY FACTOR; 2-HYBRID SYSTEM; PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSDUCTION; CELLS; VEGF; IDENTIFICATION; BINDING AB Binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its receptor, VEGFR-2 (Flk-1/KDR), induces dimerization and activation of the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor, resulting in autophosphorylation of cytoplasmic tyrosine residues used as docking sites for signaling proteins that relay the signals for cell proliferation, migration, and permeability enhancement. We explored the VEGF/ receptor signaling pathway by performing a two-hybrid screen of a rat lung cDNA library in yeast using the intracellular domain of rat VEGFR-2 as bait. Two clones encoding lipocortin V were isolated. Subsequent studies with the yeast two-hybrid assay showed that the complete intracellular domain of VEGFR-2 was required for the interaction. Coimmunoprecipitation of translated proteins confirmed the interaction between the VEGF receptor and lipocortin V, VEGF induced a rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of lipocortin V in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Pretreatment of HUVEC with antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN) for lipocortin V significantly inhibited VEGF-induced cell proliferation, which was accompanied by a decrease in protein synthesis and tyrosine phosphorylation of lipocortin V, Our results indicate that lipocortin V may function as a signaling protein for VEGFR-2 by directly interacting with the intracellular domain of the receptor and appears to be involved in regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation mediated by VEGFR-2. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Membrane Biol Lab, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Allergan, Irvine, CA 92713 USA. RP Sachs, G (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Membrane Biol Lab, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46917, DK53462, DK41301] NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 19 PY 1999 VL 258 IS 3 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0678 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 201LK UT WOS:000080596100039 PM 10329451 ER PT J AU Wei, CC Meng, QC Palmer, R Hageman, GR Durand, J Bradley, WE Farrell, DM Hankes, GH Oparil, S Dell'Italia, LJ AF Wei, CC Meng, QC Palmer, R Hageman, GR Durand, J Bradley, WE Farrell, DM Hankes, GH Oparil, S Dell'Italia, LJ TI Evidence for angiotensin-converting enzyme- and chymase-mediated angiotensin II formation in the interstitial fluid space of the dog heart in vivo SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE angiotensin; enzymes; ventricles; hypertrophy ID SUCTION BLISTER FLUID; FORMING PATHWAYS; GENERATION; ADENOSINE; PROTEINS; SYSTEM; TISSUE AB Background-We have previously demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II) levels in the interstitial fluid (ISF) space of the heart are higher than in the blood plasma and do not change after systemic infusion of Ang I. In this study, we assess the enzymatic mechanisms (chymase versus ACE) by which Ang II is generated in the ISF space of the dog heart in vivo. Methods and Results-Cardiac microdialysis probes were implanted in the left ventricular (LV) myocardium (3 to 4 probes per dog) of 12 anesthetized open-chest normal dogs. ISF Ang I and II levels were measured at baseline and during ISF infusion of Ang I (15 mu mol/L, n=12), Ang I+the ACE inhibitor captopril (cap) (2.5 mmol/L, n=4), Ang I+the chymase inhibitor chymostatin (chy) (1 mmol/L, n=4), and Ang I+cap+chy (n=4). ISF infusion of Ang I increased ISF Ang II levels 100-fold (P<0.01), whereas aortic and coronary sinus plasma Ang I and II levels were unaffected and were 100-fold lower than ISF levels. Compared with ISF infusion of Ang I alone, Ang I+cap (n=4) produced a greater reduction in ISF Ang II levels than did Ang I+chy (n=4) (71% versus 43%, P<0.01), whereas Ang I+cap+chy produced a 100% decrease in ISF Ang II levels. Conclusions-This study demonstrates for the first time a very high capacity for conversion of Ang I to Ang II mediated by both ACE and chymase in the ISF space of the dog heart in vivo. C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Hypertens & Vasc Biol Program, Div Cardiovasc Dis,Dept Physiol & Biophys, Birmingham, AL USA. Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Dell'Italia, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 834 MCLM,1918 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL-54816, 2T32-HL-07457] NR 28 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 18 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 19 BP 2583 EP 2589 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 195VF UT WOS:000080272300015 PM 10330392 ER PT J AU Thongphasuk, J Oberley, LW Oberley, TD AF Thongphasuk, J Oberley, LW Oberley, TD TI Induction of superoxide dismutase and cytotoxicity by manganese in human breast cancer cells SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE manganese; MnSOD; antioxidants; 2-deoxy-D-glucose; pyruvate; tiron ID MNSOD GENE-EXPRESSION; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DEFICIENT MICE; MESSENGER-RNA; TNF-ALPHA; MITOCHONDRIAL AB MnCl2 induced manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression (mRNA, immunoreactive protein, and enzyme activity) in human breast cancer Hs578T cells. The induction of MnSOD immunoreactive protein in Hs578T cells was inhibited by tiron (a metal chelator and superoxide scavenger), pyruvate (a hydrogen peroxide scavenger), or 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DG, an inhibitor of glycolysis and the hexose monophosphate shunt), but not by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (a superoxide scavenger), N-acetyl cysteine (a scavenger for reactive oxygen species and precursor of glutathione), diphenylene iodonium (an inhibitor of flavoproteins such as NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase), or SOD (a superoxide scavenger). Northern blotting demonstrated that tiron or DG affected at the mRNA level, while pyruvate affected Mn-induced MnSOD expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. These results demonstrate that Mn can induce MnSOD expression in cultured human breast cancer cells. Mn also induced apoptosis and necrosis in these cells. Since inhibitors of Mn-induced MnSOD induction did not affect cell viability, MnSOD induction is probably not the cause of the Mn-induced cell killing, (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Iowa, Radiat Res Lab, Med Labs B180, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Thongphasuk, J (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Radiat Res Lab, Med Labs B180, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA66081]; NIDCR NIH HHS [P50 DE-10758] NR 64 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 365 IS 2 BP 317 EP 327 DI 10.1006/abbi.1999.1179 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 201FR UT WOS:000080584800018 PM 10328827 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Vescio, RA AF Berenson, JR Vescio, RA TI HHV-8 is present in multiple myeloma patients SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DENDRITIC CELLS; DNA-SEQUENCES; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; INFECTION; HISTORY; LINES; BLOOD C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Hematol & Oncol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111H,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 29 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 93 IS 10 BP 3157 EP 3159 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 194JY UT WOS:000080190100001 PM 10233867 ER PT J AU Baskin, DG Breininger, JF Bonigut, S Miller, MA AF Baskin, DG Breininger, JF Bonigut, S Miller, MA TI Leptin binding in the arcuate nucleus is increased during fasting SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hypothalamus; leptin receptor; neuropeptide Y; proopiomelanocortin; food intake ID RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNA; OB PROTEIN; HYPOTHALAMIC NEURONS; MOUSE HYPOTHALAMUS; OB/OB MICE; LONG FORM; RAT-BRAIN; EXPRESSION; LOCALIZATION; COEXPRESSION AB The arcuate nucleus (ARC) mediates the anorexic effects of leptin and expresses the long form (Ob-Rb) of the leptin receptor. To determine whether ARC leptin binding increases when plasma leptin levels are low during fasting, [I-125]-leptin specific binding to rat brain slices was measured by quantitative autoradiography. [I-125]-leptin specific binding was dense in the ARC and increased 2-fold after a 48-h fast (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that leptin receptor binding in the ARC is upregulated during fasting and that fasting changes the sensitivity of the ARC to leptin. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endo Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baskin, DG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endo Metab, Mail Stop 151,1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17047] NR 30 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 828 IS 1-2 BP 154 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01252-4 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 197RK UT WOS:000080379300017 PM 10320735 ER PT J AU Gatto, C Lutsenko, S Shin, JM Sachs, G Kaplan, JH AF Gatto, C Lutsenko, S Shin, JM Sachs, G Kaplan, JH TI Stabilization of the H,K-ATPase M5M6 membrane hairpin by K+ ions - Mechanistic significance for P-2-type ATPases SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NA,K-ATPASE ALPHA-SUBUNIT; IN-VITRO TRANSLATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CYTOPLASMIC LOOP; ATP-BINDING; IDENTIFICATION; CA2+-ATPASE; TOPOLOGY; PROTEINS; NA+,K+-ATPASE AB The integral membrane protein, the gastric H,K-ATPase, is an alpha-beta heterodimer, with 10 putative transmembrane segments in the alpha-subunit and one such segment in the beta-subunit, All transmembrane segments remain within the membrane domain following trypsinization of the intact gastric H,K-ATPase in the presence of K+ ions, identified as M1M2, M3M4, M5M6, and M7, M8, M9, and M10, Removal of K+ ions from this digested preparation results in the selective loss of the M5M6 hairpin from the membrane. The release of the M5M6 fragment is directed to the extracellular phase as evidenced by the accumulation of the released M5M6 hairpin inside the sealed inside out vesicles. The stabilization of the M5M6 hairpin in the membrane phase by the transported cation as well as loss to the aqueous phase in the absence of the transported cation has been previously observed for another P-2-type ATPase, the Na,K-ATPase (Lutsenko, S., Anderko, R., and Kaplan, J. H. (1995) Proc. Natl, Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 92, 7936-7940). Thus, the effects of the counter-transported cation on retention of the M5M6 segment in the membrane as compared with the other membrane pairs may be a general feature of P-2-ATPase ion pumps, reflecting a flexibility of this region that relates to the mechanism of transport. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kaplan, JH (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, L224,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaplan, Jack/0000-0002-7048-6574 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL09972, HL30315]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM39500] NR 35 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 20 BP 13737 EP 13740 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.20.13737 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 196RW UT WOS:000080322200003 PM 10318774 ER PT J AU Daws, LC Gerhardt, GA Frazer, A AF Daws, LC Gerhardt, GA Frazer, A TI 5-HT1B antagonists modulate clearance of extracellular serotonin in rat hippocampus SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 5-HT1B receptor; serotonin transporter; hippocampus; in vivo chronoamperometry; cyanopindolol; 5-HT-moduline ID IN-VIVO; RECEPTORS; TRANSPORTER; DOPAMINE; PEPTIDE AB In vivo chronoamperometry was used to determine the effects of locally applied antagonists of the serotonin-1B (5-HT1B) receptor (cyanopindolol, 5-HT-moduline and methiothepin) on the clearance of 5-HT in the CA3 region of the dorsal hippocampus and the corpus callosum (a brain region devoid of serotonin transporters and 5-HT1B receptors) of the rat. When 5-HT was pressure ejected into these regions, reproducible signals were detected. In the CA3 region, local application of 5-HT1B antagonists decreased the rate of clearance of the serotonin signal comparably to the selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluvoxamine. By contrast, in the corpus callosum, none of the drugs altered the 5-HT signal. One interpretation of these data is that 5-HT1B receptors can modulate the activity of the 5-HT transporter. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Psychiat, Neurosci Training Program, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Rocky Mt Ctr Sensor Technol, Denver, CO USA. RP Daws, LC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG06434]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH057001, MH57001]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS09199] NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 266 IS 3 BP 165 EP 168 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00277-3 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 198UY UT WOS:000080443700004 PM 10465699 ER PT J AU Madore, HP Estes, MK Zarley, CD Hu, B Parsons, S Digravio, D Greiner, S Smith, R Jiang, B Corsaro, B Barniak, V Crawford, S Conner, ME AF Madore, HP Estes, MK Zarley, CD Hu, B Parsons, S Digravio, D Greiner, S Smith, R Jiang, B Corsaro, B Barniak, V Crawford, S Conner, ME TI Biochemical and immunologic comparison of virus-like particles for a rotavirus subunit vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; virus-like particles; QS-21 ID PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; IMMUNOGENICITY; BACULOVIRUS; MICE; VP7 AB A parenterally administered rotavirus vaccine composed of virus-like particles (VLPs) is being evaluated for human use. VLPs composed of bovine VP6 and simian VP7 (SA11, G3) proteins (6/7-VLPs) or of bovine VP2, bovine VP6, and simian VP7 (SA11, G3) proteins (2/6/7-VLPs) were synthesized and purified from Sf9 insect cells co-infected with recombinant baculoviruses. 6/7- and 2/6/7-VLP administered parenterally (i.m.) in mice had comparable immunogenicity, but the 2/6/7-VLPs were more homogeneous and stable. The inclusion of the VP2 capsid contributed to particle formation and stability. The adjuvant QS-21 significantly enhanced the immunogenicity of 2/6/7-VLPs over A10H or saline alone. Equivalent serum neutralizing antibody responses were induced over the range of 1-15 mu g/dose of 2/6/7-VLPs administered with the range of 5-20 mu g/dose of QS-21. The immunogenicity of 2/6/7-VLPs and inactivated SA11 virus were comparable. 2/6/7-VLPs are a promising candidate for a parenterally delivered rotavirus subunit vaccine. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wyeth Lederle Vaccines & Pediat, W Henrietta, NY 14586 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Div Mol Virol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Madore, HP (reprint author), Wyeth Lederle Vaccines & Pediat, 211 Bailey Rd, W Henrietta, NY 14586 USA. NR 31 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 17 IS 19 BP 2461 EP 2471 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00319-3 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 205BF UT WOS:000080800900017 PM 10392629 ER PT J AU D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Hong, M Nochlin, D Lee, VMY Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD AF D'Souza, I Poorkaj, P Hong, M Nochlin, D Lee, VMY Bird, TD Schellenberg, GD TI Missense and silent tau gene mutations cause frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-chromosome 17 type, by affecting multiple alternative RNA splicing regulatory elements SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL PRESENILE-DEMENTIA; PONTO-NIGRAL DEGENERATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; SYSTEM TAUOPATHY; SITE SELECTION; SR-PROTEINS; LINKAGE; COMPLEX; FTDP-17 AB Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, chromosome 17 type (FTDP-17) is caused by mutations in the tan gene, and the signature lesions of FTDP-17 are filamentous tan inclusions, Tau mutations may be pathogenic either by altering protein function or gene regulation, Here we show that missense, silent, and intronic tau mutations can increase or decrease splicing of tau exon 10 (E10) by acting on 3 different cis-acting regulatory elements. These elements include an exon splicing enhancer that can either be strengthened (mutation (N)279(K)) or destroyed (mutation Delta 280(K)), resulting in either constitutive E10 inclusion or the exclusion of E10 from tau transcripts. E10 contains a second regulatory element that is an exon splicing silencer, the function of which is abolished by a silent FTDP-17 mutation ((L)284(L)), resulting in excess E10 inclusion. A third element inhibiting E10 splicing is contained in the intronic sequences directly flanking the 5' splice site of E10 and intronic FTDP-17 mutations in this element enhance E10 inclusion. Thus, tau mutations cause FTDP-17 by multiple pathological mechanisms, which may explain the phenotypic heterogeneity observed in FTDP-17, as exemplified by an unusual family described here with tau pathology as well as amyloid and neuritic plaques. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Neuropathol Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Med Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM Zachdad@U.Washington.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10210, AG11762, AG05136, P50 AG005136, R01 AG011762, R37 AG011762] NR 39 TC 344 Z9 349 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 11 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 10 BP 5598 EP 5603 DI 10.1073/pnas.96.10.5598 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 195JG UT WOS:000080246500052 PM 10318930 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Jin, DC Kim, YS Celeste, A Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Jin, DC Kim, YS Celeste, A Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE TI Bone morphogenetic protein-2 inhibits MAPK-dependent Elk-1 transactivation and DNA synthesis induced by EGF in mesangial cells SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR COMPLEX; FAMILY MEDIATOR SMAD1; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; FACTOR RECEPTOR; BINDING-SITE; GENE-EXPRESSION; KINASE; ACTIVATION; BETA AB Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a member of the TGF beta superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. We investigated the effect of BMP-2 on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced mitogenic signaling in kidney glomerular mesangial cells. BMP-2 dose-dependently inhibits EGF-induced DNA synthesis. Maximum effect was obtained at a concentration of 100 ng/ml. BMP-2 had no inhibitory effect on the EGF receptor (EGFR)-associated tyrosine kinase activity indicating that inhibition of DNA synthesis is due to regulation of post-receptor signaling event(s). EGF stimulates MAPK activity in mesangial cells in a time-dependent manner. Inhibition of MAPK by the MEK inhibitor PD098059 blocks EGF-induced DNA synthesis indicating the requirement of this enzyme activity in EGF-mediated mitogenic signaling. Furthermore, we show that exposure of mesangial cells to BMP-S blocks EGF-induced MAPK activity which leads to phosphorylattion of Elk-1 transcription factor. Using a GAL-4 DNA binding-domain-Elk-1 transactivation domain fusion protein-based reporter assay, we demonstrate that BMP-2 inhibits EGF-induced Elk-1-mediated transcription. These data provide the first evidence that BMP-2 signaling in mesangial cells initiates a negative regulatory cross-talk with MAPK-based transcription to inhibit EGF-induced DNA synthesis. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med & Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Inst Genet, Cambridge, MA 01810 USA. RP Choudhury, GG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50190, DK 43988] NR 51 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAY 10 PY 1999 VL 258 IS 2 BP 490 EP 496 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0599 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 199VH UT WOS:000080504400046 PM 10329414 ER PT J AU Horner, MD Waid, LR Johnson, DE Latham, PK Anton, RF AF Horner, MD Waid, LR Johnson, DE Latham, PK Anton, RF TI The relationship of cognitive functioning to amount of recent and lifetime alcohol consumption in outpatient alcoholics SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE alcoholism; neuropsychology; cognition AB Previous investigations of the relationship between drinking patterns and cognitive functioning have generally studied severely alcoholic patients, in whom the neurocognitive effects of alcohol consumption can be obscured by other medical or psychosocial factors. In the present study, cognitive functioning was examined after a minimum of 4 days of abstinence in 69 mildly to moderately alcohol-dependent outpatients without comorbid psychiatric, neurologic, or systemic medical illness. Circumscribed decrements in reaction time and verbal memory were associated with higher amounts of alcohol consumption in the 90 days prior to enrollment in the study, and amount of recent consumption was correlated with scores on numerous cognitive tests. In contrast, longer drinking history was not associated with poorer performance on any neuropsychological measures. Thus, in this group of high-functioning, mildly to moderately alcohol-dependent outpatients, mild cognitive deficits were related to the amount of recent, but not lifetime, alcohol consumption. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Ralph J Johnson DVA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), Ralph J Johnson DVA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [1-R01 AA09568] NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 449 EP 453 DI 10.1016/S0306-4603(99)00011-8 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 199UY UT WOS:000080503500015 PM 10400285 ER PT J AU Lieber, CS AF Lieber, CS TI Prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis based on pathogenesis SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Satellite Symposium on Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis - Mechanisms, at the Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism CY JUN, 1998 CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SOUTH CAROLINA SP Res Soc Alcoholism, NIAAA, NIH DE alcohol; cirrhosis; cytochrome P-4502E1 (CYP2E1); microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS); polyenylphosphatidylcholine ID CHRONIC ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; SEVERE ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; FAT-STORING CELLS; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; POLYUNSATURATED LECITHIN; PERIVENULAR FIBROSIS; CYTOCHROME P-4502E1; TRANSITIONAL CELLS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; BABOON AB Multiple agents have been proposed for the prevention and treatment of fibrosis. S-adenosylmethionine was reported to oppose CCl4-induced fibrosis in the rat, to attenuate the consequences of the ethanol-induced oxidative stress, and to decrease mortality in cirrhotics. Anti-inflammatory medications and agents that interfere with collagen synthesis, such as inhibitors of prolyl-4-hydroxylase and antioxidants, are also being tested. In nonhuman primates, polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), extracted from soybeans, protected against alcohol-induced fibrosis and cirrhosis and prevented the associated hepatic phosphatidylcholine (PC) depletion by increasing 18:2 containing PC species; it also attenuated the transformation of stellate cells into collagen-producing transitional cells. Furthermore, it increased collagen breakdown, as shown in cultured stellate cells enriched with PPC or pure dilinoleoyl PC, the main PC species present in the extract. Because PPC and dilinoleoyl PC promote the breakdown of collagen, there is reasonable hope that this treatment may be useful for the management of fibrosis of alcoholic, as well as nonalcoholic, etiologies and that it may affect not only the progression of the disease, but may also reverse pre-existing fibrosis, as demonstrated for CCl4-induced cirrhosis in the rat and as presently tested in an ongoing clinical trial. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, 151-2,130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA05934, AA07275, AA11115] NR 59 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAY PY 1999 VL 23 IS 5 BP 944 EP 949 DI 10.1097/00000374-199905000-00028 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 201DG UT WOS:000080579200030 PM 10371420 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA Naliboff, B Lee, O Munakata, J Chang, L AF Mayer, EA Naliboff, B Lee, O Munakata, J Chang, L TI Review article: gender-related differences in functional gastrointestinal disorders SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Roundtable Meeting on Irritable Bowel Syndrome and the role of 5-ht CY MAY 15-16, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Glaxo Wellcome Res & Dev Ltd ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; INDUCED OPIOID ANALGESIA; STRESS-INDUCED ANALGESIA; SEX-DIFFERENCES; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; CHRONIC PAIN; DEER MICE; PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; POPULATION DIFFERENCES; SWIM ANALGESIA AB Many functional gastrointestinal disorders and other chronic Visceral pain disorders such as interstitial cystitis and chronic pelvic pain are more common in women than in men. In irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) there is a 2:1 female to male ratio in prevalence of symptoms in community samples, Female irritable bowel syndrome patients are more likely to be constipated, complain of abdominal distension and of certain extracolonic symptoms. While animal studies have clearly demonstrated gender-related differences in pain perception and antinociceptive mechanisms, unequivocal evidence for gender-related differences in human pain perception or modulation has only been provided recently. Gender-related differences may be related to constant differences in the physiology of pain perception, such as structural or functional differences in the visceral afferent pathways involved in pain transmission or modulation, and/or they may be related to fluctuations in female sex hormones. Preliminary evidence suggests that female irritable bowel syndrome patients show specific perceptual alterations in regards to rectosigmoid balloon distension and that they show differences in regional brain activation measured by positron emission tomography. This preliminary evidence suggests that gender-related differences in symptoms and in the perceptual responses to visceral stimuli exist in IBS patients and can be detected using specific stimulation paradigms and neuroimaging techniques. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Digest Dis, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 44 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 13 SU 2 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00008.x PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 211RL UT WOS:000081175000009 PM 10429743 ER PT J AU Lembo, T Naliboff, B Munakata, J Fullerton, S Saba, L Tung, S Schmulson, M Mayer, EA AF Lembo, T Naliboff, B Munakata, J Fullerton, S Saba, L Tung, S Schmulson, M Mayer, EA TI Symptoms and visceral perception in patients with pain-predominant irritable bowel syndrome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY; PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS; DYSFUNCTION; DISORDERS; COMMUNITY; MOTOR AB OBJECTIVE: Abdominal pain is thought to be a hallmark of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), although currently used symptom criteria do not differentiate between abdominal pain and discomfort. By focusing on viscerosensory symptoms, we sought to determine: 1) which type of symptoms are most commonly reported by IBS patients, and 2) whether patients who report: pain as their most bothersome symptom differ in clinical, psychological, and physiological characteristics. METHODS: A total of 443 consecutive new patient referrals to a tertiary referral center for functional gastrointestinal disorders who met symptom criteria for IBS were given validated, psychometric, health status, and bowel symptom questionnaires containing specific questions regarding the patients' predominant viscerosensory gastrointestinal symptom. Of these patients, 155 (35%) also met criteria for functional dyspepsia. A representative subset of the total IBS patient population (n = 58) underwent evaluation of perceptual responses to controlled rectal distension before and after a noxious sigmoid conditioning stimulus. RESULTS: Viscerosensory symptoms clustered into four groups: 1) abdominal pain, 2) bloating-type discomfort, 3) sensation of incomplete rectal evacuation, and 4) extra-abdominal (chest pain or pressure and nausea), A total of 66% of patients reported gas as one of their viscerosensory symptoms, whereas 60% reported abdominal pain as one of their symptoms. Only 29% rated abdominal pain as their most bothersome symptom, whereas bloating-type symptoms were Listed by 60% as most bothersome. Although pain predominance did not correlate with the severity of gastrointestinal or psychological symptoms, there was a significant correlation with the development of rectal hypersensitivity in response to the sigmoid conditioning stimulus. CONCLUSIONS: In a tertiary referral population of IBS patients: 1) abdominal pain is reported by only one third of patients as their most bothersome viscerosensory symptoms; and 2) pain-predominance correlates with development of rectal hypersensitivity after a noxious sigmoid stimulus. (C) 1999 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Bldg 115,Room 223,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48354] NR 31 TC 134 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 94 IS 5 BP 1320 EP 1326 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 191MY UT WOS:000080027200034 PM 10235213 ER PT J AU Fried, L Abidi, S Bernardini, J Johnston, JR Piraino, B AF Fried, L Abidi, S Bernardini, J Johnston, JR Piraino, B TI Hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE peritoneal dialysis; hospitalization; peritonitis; morbidity ID RISK-FACTORS; SURVIVAL; MEMBRANE; CAPD; EXPERIENCE AB Hospitalization rates are declining more rapidly for peritoneal dialysis (PD) than for hemodialysis patients. This has been postulated to be caused in part by lower peritonitis rates. However, the causes of admission have not been reexamined in the setting of declining rates. We prospectively examined our hospitalization rates, causes of admission, and impact of peritonitis on hospitalization in adult PD patients at a single center over a 4-year period. There were 274 admissions in 168 patient-years for a rate of 1.6 admissions and 13.0 hospital days per patient-year. Rates were greater for men (1.8 v 1.5; P = 0.013), patients with diabetes (2.2 v 1.4, P < 0.001), and those with a higher peritoneal equilibration test result. Creatinine clearance and sex were independent predictors in a multivariate analysis. The most common causes for admission were cardiac disease (14.6%) and peritonitis (13.5%), Peritonitis accounted for 0.21 admissions and 2.0 hospital days per patient-year. Thirty percent of the incident patients were admitted during the first 90 days of dialysis. Admissions for dehydration and glucose abnormalities were more common in the first 90 days. Overall admission rates, as well as admission rates for peritonitis, did not change over time, although hospital days per year decreased. Those admitted for peritonitis had higher peritonitis rates, more time on PD, and were more likely to be black. Eighty-one percent of the admissions for peritonitis were caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp, or gram-negative/fungal peritonitis. Patients with peritonitis caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis were less likely to be admitted than patients with peritonitis caused by other organisms. To conclude, peritonitis remains a common cause of hospitalization, despite low peritonitis rates. To decrease admissions for peritonitis, attention should be focused on preventing peritonitis caused by organisms other than S epidermidis, (C) 1999 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Renal Sect, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Fried, L (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Renal Electrolyte Div, 938 Scaife Hall,3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM lff9@vms.cis.pitt.edu OI Piraino, Beth/0000-0001-5061-0841 NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 33 IS 5 BP 927 EP 933 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70428-2 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 189RN UT WOS:000079919900017 PM 10213651 ER PT J AU Moseley, MJ Oenning, V Melnik, G AF Moseley, MJ Oenning, V Melnik, G TI Methemoglobinemia - The only cure is intravenous methylene blue. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Coronary Intens Care Unit, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Moseley, MJ (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Coronary Intens Care Unit, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 99 IS 5 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 195TR UT WOS:000080268700026 PM 10333801 ER PT J AU Brent, GA AF Brent, GA TI Thyroid hormone action: down novel paths - Focus on "Thyroid hormone induces activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in cultured cells" SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSPORTER; EXPRESSION C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med,Endocrinol Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Brent, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med,Endocrinol Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP C1012 EP C1013 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 195HR UT WOS:000080245000002 PM 10329947 ER PT J AU Hall, DM Baumgardner, KR Oberley, TD Gisolfi, CV AF Hall, DM Baumgardner, KR Oberley, TD Gisolfi, CV TI Splanchnic tissues undergo hypoxic stress during whole body hyperthermia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat stress; free radical; reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; hypoxia ID H-3 MISONIDAZOLE; XANTHINE-OXIDASE; HEAT-SHOCK; INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA; BIOREDUCTIVE DRUGS; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; TUMOR HYPOXIA; FREE-RADICALS; NITRIC-OXIDE; CELLS AB Exposure of conscious animals to environmental heat stress increases portal venous radical content. The nature of the observed heat stress-inducible radical molecules suggests that hyperthermia produces cellular hypoxic stress in liver and intestine. To investigate this hypothesis, conscious rats bearing in-dwelling portal venous and femoral artery catheters were exposed to normothermic or hyperthermic conditions. Blood gas levels were monitored during heat stress and for 24 h following heat exposure. Hyperthermia significantly increased arterial O-2 saturation, splanchnic arterial-venous O-2 difference, and venous PCO2, while decreasing venous O-2 saturation and venous pH. One hour after heat exposure, liver glycogen levels were decreased similar to 20%. Two hours after heat exposure, the splanchnic arterial-venous O-2 difference remained elevated in heat-stressed animals despite normal T-c. A second group of rats was exposed to similar conditions while receiving intra-arterial injections of the hypoxic cell marker [H-3]misonidazole. Liver and intestine were biopsied, and [H-3]misonidazole content was quantified. Heat stress increased tissue [H-3]misonidazole retention 80% in the liver and 29% in the small intestine. Cellular [H-3]misonidazole levels were significantly elevated in intestinal epithelial cells and liver zone 2 and 3 hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. This effect was most prominent in the proximal small intestine and small liver lobi. These data provide evidence that hyperthermia produces cellular hypoxia and metabolic stress in splanchnic tissues and suggest that cellular metabolic stress may contribute to radical generation during heat stress. C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Exercise Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Free Rad Res Inst, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Pathol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Hall, DM (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Exercise Sci, 424 Field House, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM dave-hall@uiowa.edu NR 52 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP G1195 EP G1203 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 197BH UT WOS:000080344400016 PM 10330010 ER PT J AU Young, SH Ennes, HS McRoberts, JA Chaban, VV Dea, SK Mayer, EA AF Young, SH Ennes, HS McRoberts, JA Chaban, VV Dea, SK Mayer, EA TI Calcium waves in colonic myocytes produced by mechanical and receptor-mediated stimulation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE smooth muscle; tissue culture; substance P; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; ryanodine receptor; stretch-activated cation channels ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; ION CHANNELS; RYANODINE RECEPTORS; CA2+ RELEASE; PROPAGATION; HEPATOCYTES; PATTERNS; STRETCH; SIGNAL; ENTRY AB The mechanisms underlying intracellular Ca2+ waves induced by either mechanical or receptor-mediated stimulation of myocytes isolated from the longitudinal muscle layer of the rabbit distal colon were compared using fura 2 and fluorescence videomicroscopy. Light focal mechanical deformation of the plasma membrane or focal application of substance P resulted in localized intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) transients that propagated throughout the cell. In both cases, the Ca2+ response consisted of a transient peak response followed by a delayed-phase response. Substance P-mediated [Ca2+](i) responses involved generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and release of Ca2+ from thapsigargin-sensitive stores, whereas mechanically induced responses were partially (29%) dependent on La3+-sensitive influx of extracellular Ca2+ and partially on release of intracellular Ca2+ from thapsigargin-insensitive stores gated by ryanodine receptors. The delayed-phase response in both cases was dependent on extracellular Ca2+. However although the response to substance P was sensitive to La3+, that after mechanical stimulation was not. In the later case, the underlying mechanism may involve capacitative Ca2+ entry channels that are activated after mechanical stimulation but not by substance P. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM emayer@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-40919] NR 33 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP G1204 EP G1212 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 197BH UT WOS:000080344400017 PM 10330011 ER PT J AU Skerrett, SJ Martin, TR Chi, EY Peschon, JJ Mohler, KM Wilson, CB AF Skerrett, SJ Martin, TR Chi, EY Peschon, JJ Mohler, KM Wilson, CB TI Role of the type 1 TNF receptor in lung inflammation after inhalation of endotoxin or Pseudomonas aeruginosa SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tumor necrosis factor; pneumonia; lung injury; lipopolysaccharide; cytokines; interleukin-1 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MURINE KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIA; FACTOR-ALPHA; NEUTROPHIL RECRUITMENT; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; BACTERIAL CLEARANCE; PULMONARY INFLAMMATION; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HOST-DEFENSE AB To determine the roles of the type 1 tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor (TNFR1) in lung inflammation and antibacterial defense, we exposed transgenic mice lacking TNFR1 [TNFR1(-/-)] and wild-type control mice to aerosolized lipopolysaccharide or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After LPS, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from TNFR1(-/-) mice contained fewer neutrophils and less macrophage inflammatory protein-2 than BALF from control mice. TNF-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and total protein levels in BALF as well as tissue intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression did not differ between the two groups. In contrast, lung inflammation and bacterial clearance after infection were augmented in TNFR1(-/-) mice. BALF from infected TNFR1(-/-) mice contained more neutrophils and TNF-alpha and less interleukin-1 beta and macrophage inflammatory protein-a than that from control mice, but protein levels were similarly elevated in both groups. Lung inflammation and bacterial clearance were also augmented in mice lacking both TNF receptors. Thus TNFR1 facilitates neutrophil recruitment after inhalation of lipopolysaccharide, in part by augmenting chemokine induction. In contrast, TNFR1 attenuates lung inflammation in response to live bacteria but does not contribute to increased lung permeability and is not required for the elimination of P. aeruginosa. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Immunex Corp, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Skerrett, SJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Hlth Care Syst, 151L,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-30542] NR 73 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP L715 EP L727 PG 13 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA 194ZD UT WOS:000080223900005 PM 10330027 ER PT J AU Roitman, MF Patterson, TA Sakai, RR Bernstein, IL Figlewicz, DP AF Roitman, MF Patterson, TA Sakai, RR Bernstein, IL Figlewicz, DP TI Sodium depletion and aldosterone decrease dopamine transporter activity in nucleus accumbens but not striatum SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sodium appetite; motivation; reward; rat ID SALT APPETITE; RAT-BRAIN; NEOSTRIATAL NEURONS; VENTRAL STRIATUM; MESSENGER-RNA; TRANSMISSION; RECEPTOR; BEHAVIOR; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; STIMULATION AB Motivated behaviors, including sodium (Na) appetite, are correlated with increased dopamine (DA) transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). DA transporter (DAT) modulation affects DA transmission and may play a role in motivated behaviors. In vivo Na depletion, which reliably induces Na appetite, was correlated with robust decreases in DA uptake via the DAT in the rat NAc with rotating disk electrode voltammetry [1,277 +/- 162 vs. 575 +/- 89 pmol . s(-1) . g(-1); V-max of transport for control vs. Na-depleted tissue]. Plasma aldosterone (Aldo) levels increase after in vivo Na depletion and contribute to Na appetite. Decreased DAT activity in the NAc was observed after in vitro Aldo treatment (428 +/- 28 vs. 300 +/- 25 pmol . s(-1) . g(-1)). Neither treatment affected DAT activity in the striatum. These results suggest that a direct action of Aldo is one possible mechanism by which Na depletion induces a reduction in DAT activity in the NAc. Reduced DAT activity may play a role in generating increased NAc DA transmission during Na appetite, which may underlie the motivating properties of Na for the Na-depleted rat. C1 Univ Washington, Program Neurobiol & Behav, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Pfizer Inc, Cent Res, Groton, CT 06340 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Biol Anim, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Roitman, MF (reprint author), Univ Washington, Program Neurobiol & Behav, Box 351525 Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM roitman@u.washington.edu FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00248]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-40963, DK-48061] NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP R1339 EP R1345 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 194PE UT WOS:000080202100015 PM 10233025 ER PT J AU Van Dijk, G Seeley, RJ Thiele, TE Friedman, MI Ji, H Wilkinson, CW Burn, P Campfield, LA Tenenbaum, R Baskin, DG Woods, SC Schwartz, MW AF Van Dijk, G Seeley, RJ Thiele, TE Friedman, MI Ji, H Wilkinson, CW Burn, P Campfield, LA Tenenbaum, R Baskin, DG Woods, SC Schwartz, MW TI Metabolic, gastrointestinal, and CNS neuropeptide effects of brain leptin administration in the rat SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OB protein; sympathetic nervous system; corticotropin-releasing hormone; proopiomelanocortin; food intake ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; CENTRAL NEURAL NETWORKS; Y GENE-EXPRESSION; FOOD-INTAKE; OB/OB MICE; OB PROTEIN; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN-2; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; MESSENGER-RNA AB To investigate whether brain leptin involves neuropeptidergic pathways influencing ingestion, metabolism, and gastrointestinal functioning, leptin (3.5 mu g) was infused daily into the third cerebral ventricular of rats for 3 days. To distinguish between direct leptin effects and those secondary to leptin-induced anorexia, we studied vehicle-infused rats with food available ad libitum and those that were pair-fed to leptin-treated animals. Although body weight was comparably reduced (-8%) and plasma glycerol was comparably increased (142 and 17%, respectively) in leptin-treated and pair-fed animals relative to controls, increases in plasma fatty acids and ketones were only detected (132 and 234%, respectively) in pair-fed rats. Resting energy expenditure (-15%) and gastrointestinal fill (-50%) were reduced by pair-feeding relative to the ad libitum group, but they were not reduced by leptin treatment. Relative to controls, leptin increased hypothalamic mRNA for corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH; 61%) and for proopiomelanocortin (POMC; 31%) but did not reduce mRNA for neuropeptide Y. These results suggest that CNS leptin prevents metabolic/gastrointestinal responses to caloric restriction by activating hypothalamic CRH- and POMC-containing pathways and raise the possibility that these peripheral responses to CNS leptin administration contribute to leptin's anorexigenic action. C1 Univ Groningen, Dept Anim Physiol, NL-9750 AA Haren, Netherlands. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Dept Metab Dis, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA. RP Van Dijk, G (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Dept Anim Physiol, POB 14, NL-9750 AA Haren, Netherlands. EM g.van.dijk@biol.rug.nl RI Jansen, Heiko/A-5770-2008; Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17844, DK-53109]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-32273] NR 61 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP R1425 EP R1433 PG 9 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 194PE UT WOS:000080202100026 PM 10233036 ER PT J AU Chen, RH Greene, EL Collinsworth, G Grewal, JS Houghton, O Zeng, HQ Garnovskaya, M Paul, RV Raymond Jr AF Chen, RH Greene, EL Collinsworth, G Grewal, JS Houghton, O Zeng, HQ Garnovskaya, M Paul, RV Raymond, JR TI Enrichment of transiently transfected mesangial cells by cell sorting after cotransfection with GFP SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE automated cell sorting; adenovirus; lipofection; liposome ID GENE-TRANSFER; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; DNA; EFFICIENT; MOUSE; VECTORS; EMBRYOS AB Early passage mesangial cells, like many other nonimmortalized cultured cells, can be difficult to transfect. We devised a simple method to improve the efficiency of transient protein expression under the transcriptional control of promoters in conventional plasmid vectors in rat mesangial cells. We used a vector encoding modified green fluorescent protein (GFP) and sterile fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to select a population consisting of >90% GFP-expressing cells from passaged nonimmortalized cultures transfected at much lower efficiency Only 10% transfection efficiency was noted with a beta-galactosidase expression vector alone, but cotransfection with GFP followed by FACS and replating of GFP(+) cells yielded greater than fivefold enrichment of cells with detectable beta-galactosidase activity. To demonstrate the expression of a properly oriented and processed membrane protein, we cotransfected GFP with a natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C) expression vector. Plasmid-dependent cell surface NPR-C density was enhanced by 89% after FACS, though expression remained lower in selected mesangial cells than in the CHO cell line transfected with the same vector. We conclude that cotransfection of rat mesangial cells with GFP, followed by FACS, results in improvement in transient transfection efficiencies to levels that should suffice for many applications. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Raymond Jr (reprint author), Rm 829,Clin Sci Bldg,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM raymondj@musc.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-03710]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-52448] NR 31 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP F777 EP F785 PG 9 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 194YY UT WOS:000080223400015 PM 10330060 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Yang, XY Cohen, DM AF Zhang, Z Yang, XY Cohen, DM TI Urea-associated oxidative stress and Gadd153/CHOP induction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypertonic; kidney; cell culture; mouse; Egr-1; sodium chloride ID UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR CHOP; DUCT MIMCD3 CELLS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; GROWTH ARREST; DNA DAMAGE; ACTIVATION AB Urea treatment (100-300 mM) increased expression of the oxidative stress-responsive transcription factor, Gadd153/CHOP, at the mRNA and protein levels (at greater than or equal to 4 h) in renal medullary mIMCD3 cells in culture, whereas other solutes did not. Expression of the related protein, CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP-beta), was not affected, nor was expression of the sensor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, grp78. Urea modestly increased Gadd153 transcription by reporter gene analysis but failed to influence Gadd153 mRNA stability. Importantly, upregulation of Gadd153 mRNA and protein expression by urea was antioxidant sensitive. Accordingly, urea treatment was associated with oxidative stress, as quantitated by intracellular reduced glutathione content in mIMCD3 cells. In addition, antioxidant treatment partially inhibited the ability of urea to activate transcription of an Egr-1 luciferase reporter gene. Therefore oxidative stress represents a novel solute-signaling pathway in the kidney medulla and, potentially, in other tissues. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol Hypertens & Clin Pharmacol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Mol Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cohen, DM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol Hypertens & Clin Pharmacol, PP262,3314 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM cohend@ohsu.edu RI Zhang, Zheng/J-2388-2014 OI Zhang, Zheng/0000-0003-2497-0362 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-54924] NR 45 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP F786 EP F793 PG 8 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 194YY UT WOS:000080223400016 PM 10330061 ER PT J AU McDonald, JM Moonka, R Bell, RH AF McDonald, JM Moonka, R Bell, RH TI Pathologic risk factors of occult malignancy in endoscopically unresectable colonic adenomas SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 85th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 13-14, 1998 CL TACOMA, WASHINGTON SP N Pacific Surg Assoc ID COLONOSCOPIC POLYPECTOMY; INVASIVE-CARCINOMA; COLORECTAL ADENOMA; CANCER; POLYPS; RECTUM; MODEL; SITE AB BACKGROUND: With the advent of new endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques, the likelihood of colonoscopically unresectable adenomas harboring occult malignancy influences management. While prior studies have evaluated polyp size and morphology in assessing the risk of malignancy, the relative risk of cancer based on the presence or absence of high-grade dysplasia has not been systematically studied, METHODS: For all lesions preoperatively diagnosed as adenomas without invasive cancer, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to elicit independent variables associated with malignancy in the resected specimen. RESULTS: One hundred patients underwent a colectomy for preoperatively diagnosed adenomatous lesions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed size, degree of dysplasia, and left-sided location to be independent predictors of malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: In colonic adenomas which are not amenable to simple colonoscopic resection, the most useful predictors of the lesion harboring a malignancy are polyp size and the presence of high-grade dysplasia, and these factors can help determine management. Am J Surg. 1999;177: 384-887. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98401 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA USA. RP McDonald, JM (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98401 USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 177 IS 5 BP 384 EP 387 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)00074-4 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 200RJ UT WOS:000080553600009 PM 10365875 ER PT J AU Orloff, SL Busch, AMH Olyaei, AJ Corless, CL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Rabkin, JM AF Orloff, SL Busch, AMH Olyaei, AJ Corless, CL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Rabkin, JM TI Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in liver transplant patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 85th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 13-14, 1998 CL TACOMA, WASHINGTON SP N Pacific Surg Assoc ID RISK-FACTORS; FAECIUM; INFECTION; MORTALITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BACTEREMIA; RECIPIENTS; EMERGENCE; PATHOGEN AB BACKGROUND: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection is emerging in the transplant population, and there is no effective antibiotic therapy available. The aims of this retrospective review were to (1) investigate the outcome of and (2) identify common characteristics associated with VRE infection and colonization in orthotopic liver transplant (OLTx) candidates. METHODS: From October 1994 through September 1998, 126 isolates of VRE were identified in 42 of 234 OLTx recipients and 5 OLTx candidates who did not proceed to transplantation. Data were collected by patient chart review or from a computerized hospital database, RESULTS: The 1-year mortality rate with VRE infection was 82%, and with VRE colonization, 7%, This mortality rate contrasts with a 14% 1-year mortality for non-VRE transplant patients (P <0.01, infected patients and colonized patients). Characteristics of VRE colonized and infected patients included recent prior vancomycin (87%), coinfection by other microbial pathogens (74%), recent prior susceptible enterococcal infection (72%), concurrent fungal infection (62%), additional post-OLTx laparotomies (47%), and renal failure (Cr >2.5 mg/dL or need for dialysis; 43%), Biliary complications were seen in 52% of post-OLTx VRE-infected or VRE-colonized patients (versus 22% in non-VRE transplant patients, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: VRE infection is associated with a very high mortality rate after liver transplantation, The incidence of biliary complications prior to VRE isolation is very high in VRE-infected and VRE-colonized patients, The most common characteristics of VRE patients were recent prior vancomycin use, recent prior susceptible enterococcal infection, coinfection with other microbial pathogens, and concurrent fungal infection. With no proven effective antimicrobial therapy for VRE, stringent infection control measures, including strict and limited use of vancomycin, must be practiced. Am J Surg. 1999;177:418-422, (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Orloff, SL (reprint author), Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 177 IS 5 BP 418 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)00083-5 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 200RJ UT WOS:000080553600017 PM 10365883 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Olyaei, AJ Orloff, SL Geisler, SM Wahoff, DC Hering, BJ Sutherland, DER AF Rabkin, JM Olyaei, AJ Orloff, SL Geisler, SM Wahoff, DC Hering, BJ Sutherland, DER TI Distant processing of pancreas islets for autotransplantation following total pancreatectomy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 85th Annual Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 13-14, 1998 CL TACOMA, WASHINGTON SP N Pacific Surg Assoc ID NEAR-TOTAL PANCREATECTOMY; TRANSPLANTATION; RESECTION; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; ENDOCRINE; EXOCRINE; TISSUE; HEAD; DOGS AB BACKGROUND: Small duct chronic pancreatitis is associated with intractable pain and failure to thrive, usually unresponsive to conventional management approaches. Total pancreatectomy is considered after failure of medical intervention. The major morbidity following total pancreatectomy is diabetes mellitus with its associated complications. This adverse outcome can be mitigated through autotransplantation of islets recovered from the pancreatectomy specimen. This approach has been limited historically owing to the absence of an on-site islet processing facility, We present the results from 5 pancreatectomized patients whose islets were prepared 1,500 miles away. METHODS: Five patients (4 women, 1 man, average age 42 years) who failed medical therapy and were not candidates for longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy underwent total/completion pancreatectomy (4 total, 1 completion) for intractable symptoms from idiopathic small duct chronic pancreatitis, The resected pancreata were preserved in ViaSpan solution and were transferred to an islet processing laboratory by commercial airliner and returned. The dispersed pancreatic islet tissue was infused into a portal vein tributary through an operatively placed catheter after systemic heparinization, RESULTS: All 5 patients experienced complete relief from pancreatic pain; 2 had significant residual discomfort from underlying Crohn's disease. Three of the 5 patients had minimal or no insulin requirement after autotransplantation (median follow-up of 23 months); 1 patient continued with glycemic control difficulties related to Crohn's disease. One patient died 17 months following autotransplantation from an unrelated pneumonia, CONCLUSION: Total pancreatectomy with autologous islet transplantation can offer patients with idiopathic small duct chronic pancreatitis pain relief without the sequelae of diabetes mellitus and can be performed without an on-site islet processing facility. All patients undergoing total/ completion pancreatectomy should be considered candidates for this procedure, Am J Surg. 1999;177:423-427. (C) 1999 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 30 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 177 IS 5 BP 423 EP 427 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)00078-1 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 200RJ UT WOS:000080553600018 PM 10365884 ER PT J AU Kowdley, KV Coull, BM Orwoll, ES AF Kowdley, KV Coull, BM Orwoll, ES TI Cognitive impairment and intracranial calcification in chronic hypoparathyroidism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE hypoparathyroidism; calcification; hypocalcemia; complication; neurologic ID BASAL GANGLIA; DEMENTIA AB Background: Intracranial calcification is associated with chronic hypoparathyroidism. The relationship between intracranial calcification, neurological abnormalities and cognitive deficits in this disorder is unknown, The purpose of this study was to determine whether chronic hypoparathyroidism is associated with cognitive impairment. Methods: We studied 11 hypoparathyroid patients and compared them with a sex- age-, and education-matched control group. The hypoparathyroidism was postsurgical in nine and idiopathic in two, All patients underwent nonenhanced head computed tomography, detailed neurological examinations, and a battery of cognitive tests. These tests were performed separately and individual examiners were blinded to the results of the other components of the study. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55 years; the duration of hypoparathyroidism was at least 9 years. Neuropsychological testing revealed cognitive impairment in 65% of hypoparathyroid subjects, and the presence of significant differences between the hypoparathyroid and control groups, Computed tomography showed intracranial calcification in 6 of 10 hypoparathyroid subjects tested, and neurological (motor) examination revealed 5 of 11 with abnormal findings, There were positive correlations between the presence of cognitive deficits and cerebral calcification (r = 0.59, P = 0.07), between abnormal motor findings and cerebral calcification (r = 0.77, P < 0.01) and between abnormal motor findings and the degree of cognitive deficit (r = 0.83, P < 0.01), Conclusions: We conclude that cognitive and neurological deficits commonly occur in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism and may be pathophysiologically related to the presence of intracranical calcification. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Portland VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Portland VA Med Ctr, Neuropsychol Serv, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Portland VA Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Kowdley, KV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 356174, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM kkowdley@u.washington.edu OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 NR 30 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 317 IS 5 BP 273 EP 277 DI 10.1097/00000441-199905000-00001 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 196EH UT WOS:000080295700001 PM 10334112 ER PT J AU Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT Hamilton, M Deitrick, RW AF Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT Hamilton, M Deitrick, RW TI The exercise-induced oxidative stress paradox: The effects of physical exercise training SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE lipid peroxidation; physical activity ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; EXPRESSION AB Background : Although physical exercise training is highly recommended, physical exercise causes oxidative stress, which is potentially injurious, This study evaluates this 'exercise paradox' by evaluating the effect of physical exercise on exercise-induced lipid peroxidation. Methods: Measurement of lipid peroxidation (ie, expired ethane and pentane and plasma malondealdehyde) taken during cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing were compared between a group of 10 cardiac patients who underwent physical exercise training in a cardiac rehabilitation setting and a group of 10 nonexercising cardiac patients. Results: Our findings indicate that physical exercise training increased physical work capacity without a concomitant increase in expired markers of Lipid peroxidation (ethane and pentane) and decreased malondealdehyde levels, Conclusions: Because physical exercise-trained people can perform more intense physical work with less oxidative stress, we conclude that physical exercise training can reduce potential chronic health effects associated with daily activities by contributing to an overall reduction in exercise-induced free radical production. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Community & Environm Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Leaf, DA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, 111G,Wilshire & Sawtelle Blvds, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 26 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 317 IS 5 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1097/00000441-199905000-00005 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 196EH UT WOS:000080295700005 PM 10334116 ER PT J AU Dougherty, CM Nichol, WP Dewhurst, TA Spertus, JA AF Dougherty, CM Nichol, WP Dewhurst, TA Spertus, JA TI Patient perspectives on participation in a clinical trial of angina management SO APPLIED NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Polyclin, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Missouri, Kansas City Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. RP Dougherty, CM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way 11B, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1897 J9 APPL NURS RES JI Appl. Nurs. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0897-1897(99)80392-9 PG 5 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 189CZ UT WOS:000079887700008 PM 10319526 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Cummings, J Perlman, S Hance, DB Mintz, J AF Bartzokis, G Cummings, J Perlman, S Hance, DB Mintz, J TI Increased basal ganglia iron levels in Huntington disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRIATAL EXCITOTOXIC LESIONS; BRAIN IRON; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FREE-RADICALS; TRANSVERSE RELAXATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; MR EVALUATION; METAL-IONS; FERRITIN; DESFERRIOXAMINE AB Objective: To quantify in vivo brain ferritin iron levels in patients with Huntington disease (HD) and normal control subjects. Design and Subjects: A magnetic resonance imaging method that can quantify ferritin iron levels with specificity in vivo was employed to study 11 patients with HD and a matched group of 27 normal controls. Three basal ganglia structures (caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus) and 1 comparison region (frontal lobe white matter) were evaluated. Results: Basal ganglia iron levels were significantly in creased (P < .002) in patients with HD, and this increase occurred early in the disease process. This was not a generalized phenomenon, as white matter iron levels were lower in patients with HD. Conclusions: The data suggest that increased iron levels may be related to the pattern of neurotoxicity observed in HD. Reducing the oxidative stress associated with increased iron levels may offer novel ways to delay the rate of progression and possibly defer the onset of HD. C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Little Rock, AR USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst 116A NLR, 2200 Ft Roots Dr,Bldg 170, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 54 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 56 IS 5 BP 569 EP 574 DI 10.1001/archneur.56.5.569 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 193ZB UT WOS:000080166700010 PM 10328252 ER PT J AU Aarsland, D Larsen, JP Cummings, JL Laake, K AF Aarsland, D Larsen, JP Cummings, JL Laake, K TI Prevalence and clinical correlates of psychotic symptoms in Parkinson disease - A community-based study SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION AB Background: Hallucinations and delusions are frequent in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and may have severe clinical consequences for those patients and their caregivers. However, the prevalence and clinical features of these symptoms have not been studied in a representative sample. Objective: To study the prevalence and clinical correlates of psychosis in a population-based sample of patients with PD. Method: Total ascertainment of patients with PD in a defined geographical area in Norway was attempted through a detailed community study. Clinical evaluation consisted of a neurologic examination and assessments of depression and cognition. Psychosis was assessed with the thought disorder subscale of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Results: A total of 245 patients with PD were identified, 235 (95.9%) of whom participated in this study. Twenty-three patients (9.8%) had hallucinations with insight retained, and another 14 patients (6.0%) had more severe hallucinations or delusions. Psychotic symptoms were associated with age, stage and diagnostic subgroup of PD, severity of depression, and cognitive impairment. Type, duration, and dose of antiparkinson drug therapy did not differ between those patients with PD who had or did not have psychosis. In a polychotomous logistic regression analysis, severity of depression, cognitive impairment, and impairment of activities of daily living were the only significant concomitants of psychosis. Conclusions: Hallucinations and delusions are common in patients with PD. More advanced and widespread brain changes seem to increase the risk for developing psychosis in patients with PD receiving levodopa therapy. C1 Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, N-4004 Stavanger, Norway. Cent Hosp Rogaland, Dept Neurol, Stavanger, Norway. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Behav Neurosci Sect, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Oslo, Ullevaal Hosp, Dept Geriatr Med, N-0407 Oslo, Norway. RP Aarsland, D (reprint author), Rogaland Psychiat Hosp, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, POB 1163 Hillevag, N-4004 Stavanger, Norway. OI Aarsland, Dag/0000-0001-6314-216X NR 34 TC 222 Z9 225 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 56 IS 5 BP 595 EP 601 DI 10.1001/archneur.56.5.595 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 193ZB UT WOS:000080166700013 PM 10328255 ER PT J AU Burns, SP Betz, KL AF Burns, SP Betz, KL TI Seating pressures with conventional and dynamic wheelchair cushions in tetraplegia SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL; SITTING PRESSURE; RISK-FACTORS; INTERFACE; INDIVIDUALS; POSTURE; TRIALS; ULCERS AB Objective: To compare pressure relief from a dynamic wheelchair cushion to a tilt-in-space wheelchair with conventional cushions. Study Design: Repeated measures analysis. Setting and Subjects: Spinal cord injury unit; 16 tilt-in-space wheelchair users with motor-complete tetraplegia. Main Outcome Measures: Interface pressure at ischial tuberosities. Results: Mean ischial pressure with subjects seated upright on the dynamic cushion during the low ischial pressure phase was lower than tilted pressure on the gel cushion, but it was not significantly different from tilted pressure on the dry-flotation cushion (dynamic/upright, 71mmHg; gel/tilted, 86mmHg; dry-flotation/tilted, 74mmHg; p<.05 dynamic vs gel). Mean ischial pressure with subjects upright on the dynamic cushion during the high ischial pressure phase was significantly greater than the gel/upright and dry-flotation/upright conditions (dynamic/upright, 157mmHg; gel/upright, 128mmHg; dry-flotation/upright, 111mmHg;p <.01), Conclusion: The dynamic cushion produces similar pressure relief over the Ischial tuberosities during the low pressure phase to a tilt-in-space wheelchair and conventional cushions. The dynamic cushion may be an alternative to a tilt-in-space wheelchair for some individuals. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, SCI Unit 128, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Burns, SP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, SCI Unit 128, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 35 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 80 IS 5 BP 566 EP 571 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90201-0 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 194BF UT WOS:000080171700018 PM 10326923 ER PT J AU Little, JW Ditunno, JF Stiens, SA Harris, RM AF Little, JW Ditunno, JF Stiens, SA Harris, RM TI Incomplete spinal cord injury: Neuronal mechanisms of motor recovery and hyperreflexia SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Review ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; DORSAL-ROOT AXONS; LOCOMOTOR RECOVERY; CHRONIC SPINALIZATION; REFLEX CHANGES; BRAIN-DAMAGE; ADULT CATS; H-REFLEX; RAT; PLASTICITY AB Objective: To understand neuronal mechanisms of motor recovery and hyperreflexia after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), and their role in rehabilitation. Design: Reviewed and compared clinical, neurophysiologic, and neuropathologic data from human SCI patients with behavioral, neurophysiologic, and neuroanatomic data from animals to postulate underlying neuronal mechanisms. Outcome: A postulation that two neuronal mechanisms-receptor up-regulation and synapse growth-act sequentially, to explain the gradual appearance of motor recovery after incomplete SCI, These same mechanisms may also act in spinal reflex pathways to mediate hyperreflexia cauda to SCI. Results: After incomplete SCI, walking ability and hyperreflexia often develop. Initially, cord neurons are hyperpolarized and less excitable because of loss of normal descending facilitation; this is spinal shock. Then, gradually, voluntary movement recovers and hyperreflexia develops. Early (hours to days), these changes develop simultaneously, suggesting a common postsynaptic mechanism-likely an increase in postsynaptic receptor excitability, possibly receptor up-regulation. Late (weeks to months), recovery and reflex changes occur at a slow rate, are no longer simultaneous, and are long-lasting, which suggests a presynaptic mechanism, such as local synapse growth in spared descending pathways and in reflex pathways. This presumed synapse growth is seemingly enhanced by active use of the growing pathway. Also, developing hyperreflexia appears to limit motor recovery. Conclusions: These observations suggest that rehabilitation for incomplete SCI should (1) increase activity in spared descending motor pathways, (2) initially use reflex facilitation or central nervous system stimulants to assist spared descending inputs in depolarizing cord neurons, and (3) later minimize reflex input, when spared descending inputs can depolarize cord neurons without reflex facilitation. Better understanding of neuronal mechanisms that underlie motor recovery after incomplete SCI promises better outcomes from rehabilitation. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Spinal Cord Injury Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Rehabil Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Little, JW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 119 TC 89 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 80 IS 5 BP 587 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90204-6 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 194BF UT WOS:000080171700021 PM 10326926 ER PT J AU Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Hance, DB Lu, PH Foster, JA Mintz, J Ling, W Bridge, P AF Bartzokis, G Beckson, M Hance, DB Lu, PH Foster, JA Mintz, J Ling, W Bridge, P TI Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of "silent" cerebrovascular toxicity in cocaine dependence SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; cocaine; hyperintense lesions; aging ID MIDDLE CEREBRAL-ARTERY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; NEUROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; BLOOD-FLOW; ALKALOIDAL COCAINE; LACUNAR INFARCTS; CRACK COCAINE; YOUNG-ADULTS; BRAIN; STROKE AB Background: Cocaine and its metabolites can produce vasospasm. Cocaine-dependent (CD) patients are at increased risk for stroke, and a high frequency of brain perfusion defects has been observed in clinically asymptomatic CD subjects, This is the first controlled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of clinically asymptomatic CD subjects. Methods: Two age-matched groups of male subjects (61 CD and 57 control) participated in the study, Subjects with a history of neurologic symptoms or major medical or neurologic illness, such as hypertension, diabetes, or significant head trauma, were excluded The severity of hyperintense lesions observed on T2-weighted MRI images were rated on a O-3-point scale by an experienced radiologist who was blind to all clinical data. Ratings of 3 were felt to be significant indicators of a possible disease process and were used in the data analysis, three regions were separately rated: the cerebral white matter, subinsular white matter, and subcortical gray matter (basal ganglia and thalamus region). Results: Despite the exclusion criteria minimizing risk factors for cerebrovascular events, 17 of the 61 (27.9%) CD subjects and 4 of 57 (7%) of the control subjects had severe hyperintense lesions suggestive of subclinical or "silent" anoxic vascular events. Significant group differences were observed in the two white matter regions but not in the subcortical gray matter region. The risk of severe white matter lesions in the CD group increased with age, reaching 50% in the oldest age quartile (46-58 years), and this increase was not related to the number of years cocaine was used. Conclusions: The data suggest that asymptomatic CD patients are a heterogeneous population with a significantly increased age-related risk of white matter neuro-vascular toxicity, Premature neurovascular damage may impact treatment outcomes and, as the CD population ages, may manifest as an increased incidence of cognitive deficits, (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 N Little Rock VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NIDA, Med Dev Div, Rockville, MD USA. RP Bartzokis, G (reprint author), N Little Rock VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, 116 NLR,2200 Fort Roots Dr Bldg,170, N Little Rock, AR 72114 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA 50038] NR 74 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD MAY 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1203 EP 1211 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00228-5 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 194RT UT WOS:000080207900014 PM 10331113 ER PT J AU Maheshwari, G Wells, A Griffith, LG Lauffenburger, DA AF Maheshwari, G Wells, A Griffith, LG Lauffenburger, DA TI Biophysical integration of effects of epidermal growth factor and fibronectin on fibroblast migration SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; ACTIN STRESS FIBERS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; FACTOR RECEPTOR; MAP KINASE; SUBSTRATUM ADHESION; FOCAL ADHESIONS; INTEGRIN; MOTILITY AB Cell migration is regulated simultaneously by growth factors and extracellular matrix molecules. Although information is continually increasing regarding the relevant signaling pathways, there exists little understanding concerning how these pathways integrate to produce the biophysical processes that govern locomotion. Herein, we report the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibronectin (Fn) on multiple facets of fibroblast motility: locomotion speed, membrane extension and retraction activity, and adhesion. A surprising finding is that EGF can either decrease or increase locomotion speed depending on the surface Fn concentration, despite EGF diminishing global cell adhesion at all Fn concentrations. At the same time, the effect of EGF on membrane activity varies from negative to positive to no-effect as Fn concentration and adhesion range from low to high. Taking these effects together, we find that EGF and Fn regulate fibroblast migration speed through integration of the processes of membrane extension, attachment, and detachment, with each of these processes being rate-limiting for locomotion in sequential regimes of increasing adhesivity. Thus, distinct biophysical processes are shown to integrate for overall cell migration responses to growth factor and extracellular matrix stimuli. C1 MIT, Div Bioengn & Environm Hlth, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Ctr Biomed Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Lauffenburger, DA (reprint author), MIT, Div Bioengn & Environm Hlth, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave,56-341, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA69213] NR 58 TC 113 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 13 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 76 IS 5 BP 2814 EP 2823 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 195XZ UT WOS:000080278600047 PM 10233097 ER PT J AU Roodman, GD AF Roodman, GD TI Mechanisms of abnormal bone turnover in Paget's disease SO BONE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Anniversary Symposium of the National-Association-for-the-Relief-of-Pagets-Disease CY JUL 15-17, 1998 CL OXFORD, ENGLAND SP Natl Assoc Relief Pagets Dis ID CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-6 C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Res Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Res Hematol, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY PY 1999 VL 24 IS 5 SU S BP 39S EP 40S DI 10.1016/S8756-3282(99)00045-9 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 192NZ UT WOS:000080086400025 PM 10321925 ER PT J AU Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Cai, BY AF Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Cai, BY TI Lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus produces necrotic neurons with internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in adult rats SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; cell death; DNA laddering; in situ DNA nick-end labelling; necrosis; seizures; TUNEL stain ID SUSTAINED ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; KAINIC ACID; PERFORANT PATH; BRAIN-DAMAGE; NECROSIS; KAINATE; GLUTAMATE; CLEAVAGE AB Prolonged and continuous epileptic seizures [status epilepticus (SE)] produce a widespread pattern of neuronal death, primarily in limbic brain regions. Because it has been suggested that seizure-induced neuronal death may be apoptotic in nature, we tested the hypothesis that lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (LPCSE) produces apoptotic neurons. LPCSE lasting 3 h was induced in male Wistar rats which were allowed to recover for 24 or 72 h before perfusion-fixation. Neuronal death was assessed by light microscopy with the haematoxylin-and-eosin stain (H&E), with in situ DNA nick-end labelling (TUNEL stain), by electron microscopy, and by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from vulnerable brain regions. Ultrastructurally, acidophilic neurons identified with H&E were dark, shrunken and necrotic in appearance, exhibiting pyknotic nuclei, irregular, dispersed chromatin clumps and cytoplasmic vacuolization. No cells with apoptotic features were seen. Acidophilic neurons were found in 21 out of 23 brain regions examined, and comprised 26-45% of the total number of neurons examined. A subset of these neurons (< 10% of the total number of neurons) were TUNEL-positive at 72 h, but not 24 h, after SE. Internucleosomal DNA cleavage (DNA 'laddering') was found in the six brain regions examined ultrastructurally 24 and 72 h after SE. These results indicate that, in adult rats, LPCSE produces neuronal injury with the appearance of necrosis rather than apoptosis. The necrotic neurons show nuclear pyknosis, chromatin condensation and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, confirming the nonspecificity of these nuclear changes. Internucleosomal DNA cleavage and other programmed cell death mechanisms can be activated by SE in neurons which become necrotic. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home 151B, Expt Neurol Lab, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fujikawa, DG (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda Ambulatory Care Ctr & Nursing Home 151B, Expt Neurol Lab, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 51 TC 80 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-816X J9 EUR J NEUROSCI JI Eur. J. Neurosci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1605 EP 1614 DI 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00573.x PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 194CX UT WOS:000080175500013 PM 10215913 ER PT J AU Zainal, TA Weindruch, R Szweda, LI Oberley, TD AF Zainal, TA Weindruch, R Szweda, LI Oberley, TD TI Localization of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified proteins in kidney following iron overload SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE aldehydes; ferric nitrilotriacetate; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; free radicals; immunogold; iron; lipid peroxidation; reactive oxygen species ID INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RENAL PROXIMAL TUBULES; FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE; RAT-KIDNEY; WISTAR RATS; IMMUNOCHEMICAL DETECTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELL CARCINOMA; DNA; NEPHROTOXICITY AB Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) to rats and mice results in iron-induced free radical injury and cancer in kidneys. We sought to clarify the exact localization of acute oxidative damage in Fe-NTA-induced nephrotoxicity by performing immunogold light and electron microscopic (EM) techniques using an antibody against 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins. Biochemical assays were done to provide complementary quantitative data. Renal accumulation of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-alkenals (4-HDA), increased in parallel with protein carbonyl content, an indicator of protein oxidation, 30 min after administration of Fe-NTA. Immunogold light microscopy showed that HNE-modified proteins increased at 30 min with positivity localized to proximal tubular cells, Immunogold EM demonstrated that HNE-modified proteins were mainly in the mitochondria and nuclei of the proximal tubular epithelium. The intensity of labeling at both the light and EM levels increased together with levels of biochemically measured lipid peroxidation products and protein carbonyl content. Our data suggest that the mechanism of acute nephrotoxicity of Fe-NTA involves mitochondrial and nuclear oxidative damage, findings that may help to define the mechanisms of iron-induced cell injury. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys & Biophys, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, 2500 Overlook Terrace,Room A35, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG 11915] NR 34 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 26 IS 9-10 BP 1181 EP 1193 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00312-8 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 203JR UT WOS:000080705000016 PM 10381189 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA Marvizon, JC AF Mayer, EA Marvizon, JC TI Neurokinin 3 receptors in the gut: A new target for the treatment of visceral pain? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RAT SPINAL-CORD; SUBSTANCE-P; NEURONS; NK3; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; LOCALIZATION; HYPERALGESIA; TACHYKININS; ANTAGONIST C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Digest Dis, CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115 CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 116 IS 5 BP 1250 EP 1252 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70030-2 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 190DY UT WOS:000079947900033 PM 10220519 ER PT J AU Gerson, S Belin, TR Kaufman, A Mintz, J Jarvik, L AF Gerson, S Belin, TR Kaufman, A Mintz, J Jarvik, L TI Pharmacological and psychological treatments for depressed older patients: A meta-analysis and overview of recent findings SO HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION; PRETREATMENT ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; MULTICENTER DOUBLE-BLIND; GERIATRIC DEPRESSION; ELDERLY PATIENTS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS; PRIMARY-CARE; THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE AB A meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate data published between January 1974 and February 1998 comparing rates of treatment response and tolerability of pharmacological and psychological treatments for depression in persons over age 55. Drugs (tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin-reuptake Inhibitors, and a mixed group of other drugs) were significantly better than placebo, with an average reduction in symptom severity of 48.0% versus 31.3% (analysis weighted by sample size; 50.6% vs. 21.4% unweighted). No single drug or group of drugs was superior in terms of efficacy, and no statistically significant differences in tolerability emerged between tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, whether measured by total dropouts or by dropouts due to side effects. Compared to the data on pharmacological treatments, those for outcomes of psychological treatments are very limited. Existing data indicate that cognitive-behavioral, behavioral, and psychodynamic therapies are significantly better than placebo. In the current meta-analysis, response rates to these nondrug therapies did not differ significantly from those observed with tricyclic antidepressants or selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, but direct comparison data are insufficient for firm conclusions to be drawn about comparative efficacy. It is possible, even likely, that not only different subtypes of depression but also different patients vary in their treatment responses. However, lack of adequate data prevented the current meta-analysis from addressing these issues. Rigorously designed prospective studies on treatment outcome, taking into account the above differences, are urgently needed to provide robust data on which to base clinical recommendations for the treatment of depression in older patients. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Jarvik, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 245 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1067-3229 EI 1465-7309 J9 HARVARD REV PSYCHIAT JI Harv. Rev. Psychiatr. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 28 DI 10.1093/hrp/7.1.1 PG 28 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 200JN UT WOS:000080536500001 PM 10439302 ER PT J AU Menzel, P Gold, MR Nord, E Pinto-Prades, JL Richardson, J Ubel, P AF Menzel, P Gold, MR Nord, E Pinto-Prades, JL Richardson, J Ubel, P TI Toward a broader view of values in cost-effectiveness analysis of health SO HASTINGS CENTER REPORT LA English DT Article ID CARE; ILLNESS; OREGON; STATE C1 Pacific Lutheran Univ, Tacoma, WA 98447 USA. CUNY, Sch Med, New York, NY 10031 USA. Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Oslo, Norway. Pompeu Fabra Univ, Barcelona, Spain. Monash Univ, Hlth Econ Unit, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Menzel, P (reprint author), Pacific Lutheran Univ, Tacoma, WA 98447 USA. RI pinto prades, jose luis/B-7069-2008 OI pinto prades, jose luis/0000-0002-9684-3410 NR 36 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 4 PU HASTINGS CENTER PI BRIARCLIFF MANOR PA 255 ELM ROAD, BRIARCLIFF MANOR, NY 10510 USA SN 0093-0334 J9 HASTINGS CENT REP JI Hastings Cent. Rep. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 29 IS 3 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.2307/3528187 PG 9 WC Ethics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Ethics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 212TD UT WOS:000081231600008 PM 10420299 ER PT J AU Baskin, DG Lernmark, A AF Baskin, DG Lernmark, A TI Third Seattle Islet Symposium: Recent Advances in Signaling Mechanisms Common to the Nervous System and Islets SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Robert H Williams Lab, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Baskin, DG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 31 IS 5 BP 329 EP 329 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978747 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 213NN UT WOS:000081280300008 ER PT J AU Figlewicz, DP Patterson, TA Zavosh, A Brot, MD Roitman, M Szot, P AF Figlewicz, DP Patterson, TA Zavosh, A Brot, MD Roitman, M Szot, P TI Neurotransmitter transporters: Target for endocrine regulation SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Seattle Islet Symposium - Recent Advances in Signaling Mechanisms Common to the Nervous System and Islets CY MAY 19, 1998 CL UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Bayer Pharmaceut, Eli Lilly & Co, Knoll Pharmaceut, Novartis, Parke-Davis, Zymogenetics HO UNIV WASHINGTON DE insulin; glucocorticoids; aldosterone; transporters; dopamine; estrogen ID RAT DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER; BRAIN GABA TRANSPORTER; MESSENGER-RNA; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTERS; NOREPINEPHRINE UPTAKE; FUNCTIONAL REGULATION; EXPRESSION CLONING; NEURONAL CULTURES; LOCUS-CERULEUS; COCAINE AB Aminergic signaling in the CNS is terminated by clearance from the synapse via high-affinity transporter molecules in the presynaptic membrane. Relatively recent sequence identification of these molecules has now permitted the initiation of studies of regulation of transporter function at the cellular and systems levels. In vitro studies provide evidence that the transporters for dopamine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid are substrates for regulation by protein kinase C signaling. In vivo studies provide evidence that insulin and adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones may regulate the synthesis and activity of the transporters. Future directions should permit evaluation of the role of endocrine regulation in neurotransmitter clearance, and thus in the maintenance of normal CNS aminergic signaling. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Metab Endocrinol 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Figlewicz, DP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Metab Endocrinol 151, 1660 So Comumbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK40963] NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 31 IS 5 BP 335 EP 339 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978749 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 213NN UT WOS:000081280300010 PM 10422731 ER PT J AU Baskin, DG Hahn, TM Schwartz, MW AF Baskin, DG Hahn, TM Schwartz, MW TI Leptin sensitive neurons in the hypothalamus SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Seattle Islet Symposium - Recent Advances in Signaling Mechanisms Common to the Nervous System and Islets CY MAY 19, 1998 CL UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA SP Bayer Pharmaceut, Eli Lilly & Co, Knoll Pharmaceut, Novartis, Parke-Davis, Zymogenetics HO UNIV WASHINGTON DE food intake; obesity; body weight; arcuate nucleus; NPY; POMC ID RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNA; CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; MELANIN-CONCENTRATING HORMONE; OBESE GENE-EXPRESSION; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; OB/OB MICE; BODY-WEIGHT; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; MOUSE-BRAIN AB A major paradigm in the field of obesity research is the existence of an adipose tissue-brain endocrine axis for the regulation of body weight. Leptin, the peptide mediator of this axis, is secreted by adipose cells. It lowers food intake and body weight by acting in the hypothalamus, a region expressing an abundance of leptin receptors and a variety of neuropeptides that influence food intake and energy balance. Among the most promising candidates for leptin-sensitive cells in the hypothalamus are arcuate nucleus neurons that co-express the anabolic neuropeptides, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP), and those that express proopiomelanocortin (POMC), the precursor of the catabolic peptide, alpha MSH. These cell types contain mRNA encoding leptin receptors and show changes in neuropeptide gene expression in response to changes in food intake and circulating leptin levels. Decreased leptin signaling in the arcuate nucleus is hypothesized to increase the expression of NPY and AGRP. Levels of leptin receptor mRNA and leptin binding are increased in the arcuate nucleus during fasting, principally in NPY/AGRP neurons. These findings suggest that changes in leptin receptor expression in the arcuate nucleus are inversely associated with changes in leptin signaling, and that the arcuate nucleus is an important target of leptin action in the brain. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA USA. RP VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Mail Stop 151,1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM baskindg@u.washington.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17047, DK-52989]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS32273] NR 83 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 4 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 EI 1439-4286 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 31 IS 5 BP 345 EP 350 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978751 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 213NN UT WOS:000081280300012 PM 10422733 ER PT J AU Olsen, I Solberg, CO Finegold, SH AF Olsen, I Solberg, CO Finegold, SH TI A primer on anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic infections for the uninitiated SO INFECTION LA English DT Review ID IDENTIFICATION C1 Univ Oslo, Fac Dent, Dept Oral Biol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Haukeland Univ Hosp, Dept Med, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Olsen, I (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Fac Dent, Dept Oral Biol, PB 1052 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MMV MEDIEN & MEDIZIN VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH PI MUNICH PA NEUMARKTER STR 18, D-81673 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 27 IS 3 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1007/BF02561521 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 202RP UT WOS:000080666200002 PM 10378125 ER PT J AU Cantey, JR Blake, RK Williford, JR Moseley, SL AF Cantey, JR Blake, RK Williford, JR Moseley, SL TI Characterization of the Escherichia coli AF/R1 pilus operon: Novel genes necessary for transcriptional regulation and for pilus-mediated adherence SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; STRAIN RDEC-1; PEYERS PATCH; Y-PESTIS; PLASMID; RABBIT; DNA; EXPRESSION; ADHESIN; PROTEIN AB We isolated the genetic determinant of AF/R1 pilus production in attaching/effacing Escherichia coli RDEC-1 and identified seven genes required for pilus expression and function. DNA sequence analysis of the structural subunit gene afrA corrected an error in the published sequence and extended homology with the F18 pilus subunit of Dig edema E. coli strains. AfrB and AfrC, encoded downstream from AfrA, were required for pilus expression. AfrB was related to the usher protein PefC of Salmonella typhimurium plasmid encoded fimbriae, and AfrC was related to PefD, a chaperone protein. AfrD and AfrE, encoded downstream from AfrC, were not necessary for the expression of AF/R1 pill but were required for ileal adherence as assayed by ileal brush border aggregation. Thus, the adhesive subunit of the AF/R1 pilus is distinct from the structural subunit, as is the case for Pap pill and type I pill, AfrD was related to FedE of the F18 fimbrial operon of the E, coli strain that causes edema disease in pigs, AfrE was a novel protein. AfrR and AfrS are encoded upstream from AfrA, in the opposite orientation. AfrR is related to the AraC family of transcriptional regulators, and AfrR and AfrS interact to function in a novel mode of transcriptional activation of afrA. AF/R1 pill mediate the adherence to Peyer's patch M cells, ileal mucosa, and colonic mucosa in a rabbit model of diarrhea caused by enteropathogenic E. coli, Our observations will facilitate the further study of the phenomena of M-cell adherence. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Infect Dis, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Cantey, JR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Infect Dis, 100 Doughty St,POB 250752, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 67 IS 5 BP 2292 EP 2298 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 189MQ UT WOS:000079909300033 PM 10225886 ER PT J AU Koo, SP Bayer, AS Kagan, BL Yeaman, MR AF Koo, SP Bayer, AS Kagan, BL Yeaman, MR TI Membrane permeabilization by thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein 1 is modulated by transmembrane voltage polarity and magnitude SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCIDAL ACTION; DEPENDENT DEPOLARIZATION; CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; LIPID BILAYERS; PEPTIDE; ENDOCARDITIS; RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL; CHANNELS AB Thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein 1 (tPMP-1) is a small, cationic peptide generated from rabbit platelets when they are exposed to thrombin in vitro. IL has potent microbicidal activity against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. Previous in vitro studies involving whole staphylococcal cells and planar lipid bilayers (as artificial bacterial membrane models) suggested that membrane permeabilization by tPMP-1 is voltage dependent (S.-P. Koo, M. R. Yeaman, and A. S. Payer, Infect. Immun. 64:3758-3764, 1996; M, R. Yeaman, A. S. Payer, S. P, Koo, W. Foss, and P, M, Sullam, J. Clin. Investig. 101:178-187, 1998), Thus, the aims of the present study were to specifically characterize the electrophysiological events associated with membrane permeabilization by tPMP-1 by using artificial planar lipid bilayer membranes. We assessed the influence of transmembrane voltage polarity and magnitude on the initiation and modulation of tPMP-1 membrane permeabilization at various concentrations of tPMP-1 (range, 1 to 100 ng/ml) added to the cis side of the membranes. The incidence of membrane permeabilization induced by tPMP-1 at all of the concentrations tested was more frequent at -90 mV than at +90 mV. It is noteworthy that membrane permeabilization due to 1-ng/ml tPMP-1 was successfully initiated at -90 mV but not at +90 mV, Further, the mean onset times of induction of tPMP-1 activity were comparable under the various conditions. Modulation of ongoing membrane permeabilization was dependent on voltage and tPMP-1 concentration. Membrane permeabilization at a low tPMP-1 concentration (1 ng/ml) was directly correlated with trans-negative voltages, while a higher tPMP-1 concentration (100 ng/ml) induced conductance which was more dependent on trans-positive voltages. Collectively, these data indicate that the mechanism of tPMP-1 microbicidal activity at the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane may involve distinct induction and propagation stages of membrane permeabilization which, in turn, are modulated by transmembrane potential, as well as peptide concentration. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles Cty Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Med, St Johns Cardiovasc Res Ctr,Div Infect Dis, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Koo, SP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles Cty Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Med, St Johns Cardiovasc Res Ctr,Div Infect Dis, RB-2,1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI039001, R01 AI039108, AI39108, AI39001, R29 AI039001]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH01174] NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 67 IS 5 BP 2475 EP 2481 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 189MQ UT WOS:000079909300057 PM 10225910 ER PT J AU Kotake, S Schumacher, HR Arayssi, TK Gerard, HC Branigan, PJ Hudson, AP Yarboro, CH Klippel, JH Wilder, RL AF Kotake, S Schumacher, HR Arayssi, TK Gerard, HC Branigan, PJ Hudson, AP Yarboro, CH Klippel, JH Wilder, RL TI Gamma interferon and interleukin-10 gene expression in synovial tissues from patients with early stages of Chlamydia-associated arthritis and undifferentiated oligoarthritis and from healthy volunteers SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; REITERS-SYNDROME; TRACHOMATIS; INFECTION; ANTIGEN; INHIBITION; CELLS AB Genetically determined differences in interleukin-10 (IL-10) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) responses in mice correlate viith clearance of Chlamydia pneumonitis infection. We measured the synovial expression of IL-10 and IFN-gamma and additional cytokine genes in patients who had recent onset Chlamydia-associated arthritis (Chl-AA). IL-IO and IFN-gamma mRNA were relatively abundant in recent-onset Chl-AA. C1 NIAMSD, ARB, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Wilder, RL (reprint author), NIAMSD, ARB, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1820,Bldg 10,Rm 9N228, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. OI Arayssi, Thurayya/0000-0003-2469-0272 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541, R01 AR042541] NR 23 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 67 IS 5 BP 2682 EP 2686 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 189MQ UT WOS:000079909300090 PM 10225943 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI The mathematics of antimicrobials SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID THIGH-INFECTION; ANTIBIOTICS; MODEL C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. US FDA, Antiinfect Drugs Advisory Comm, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 8 IS 4 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.1097/00019048-199905000-00007 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 191HK UT WOS:000080016900007 ER PT J AU Gordon, LK Eggena, M Targan, SR Braun, J AF Gordon, LK Eggena, M Targan, SR Braun, J TI Definition of ocular antigens in ciliary body and retinal ganglion cells by the marker antibody pANCA SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; ANTERIOR UVEITIS; NEUTROPHIL AUTOANTIBODIES; IMMUNE CELLS; UVEAL TRACT; CLASS-II; SPONDYLOARTHROPATHY AB PURPOSE. A subset Of patients with anterior uveitis express the marker, perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA). In this study, recombinantly isolated pANCA monoclonal antibodies were used to search for ocular cells expressing the pANCA antigen. METHODS. Paraffin sections of human ocular tissues obtained after death were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to identify cell types expressing pANCA antigen. Microdissected eye-bank ocular tissue was characterized by western blot analysis to confirm antigen expression and identify candidate protein species. RESULTS. Immunohistochemical analysis with pANCA monoclonal antibodies revealed cytoplasmic antigen expression in retinal ganglion cells and ciliary body epithelium. pANCA antigen expression was restricted to tissues bearing these cell types by western blot analysis. A common set of epitope-positive protein species was shared by the two tissues (28 kDa, 80 kDa, and 90 kDa). Comparison of ocular tissues from seven subjects revealed no heterogeneity in antigen expression. CONCLUSIONS. In this study, novel cytoplasmic antigens of the pANCA marker antibody expressed in ciliary body and retinal tissue were identified. Validation of these antigens as targets of inflammation in pANCA+ uveitis requires further biochemical and immunologic analysis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Inflammatory Bowel Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Gordon, LK (reprint author), Jules Stein Eye Inst, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Braun, Jonathan/0000-0003-1646-2974 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA12800]; NEI NIH HHS [KO8-EY00360]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK46763] NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1250 EP 1255 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 192ER UT WOS:000080065900026 PM 10235560 ER PT J AU Lopez, SR Nelson, KA Snyder, KS Mintz, J AF Lopez, SR Nelson, KA Snyder, KS Mintz, J TI Attributions and affective reactions of family members and course of schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSED EMOTION; HELPING-BEHAVIOR; RELATIVES; MODEL; REPLICATION; JUDGMENTS; RELAPSE; ILLNESS AB The authors tested an attribution-affect model of schizophrenic relapse attending to the role of families' positive affect (warmth) and negative affect (criticism). Coders listened to interviews of 40 family members taken from C. E. Vaughn, K. S. Synder, S. Jones, W. B. Freeman, and I. R. Falloon (1984) and rated their attributions of controllability for the symptoms and behaviors of their relatives with schizophrenia. For family members not designated as emotionally overinvolved, perceptions that their ill relatives' symptoms and behaviors were under the patients' control were related to family members' warmth and criticism and to patients' clinical outcomes. Of the affective reactions, only criticism predicted outcome. In addition, patients' use of street drugs was related to attributions, criticism, and outcome. Together these findings suggest that families' attributions and criticism are important in understanding the relationship between family factors and course of illness. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Assoc Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lopez, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, 1282A Franz Hall,Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU FIC NIH HHS [TW0006]; NIMH NIH HHS [R03-MH53589] NR 31 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-843X J9 J ABNORM PSYCHOL JI J. Abnorm. Psychol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 108 IS 2 BP 307 EP 314 DI 10.1037/0021-843X.108.2.307 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 202VV UT WOS:000080673600013 PM 10369041 ER PT J AU Koek, RJ Yerevanian, BI Tachiki, KH Smith, JC Alcock, J Kopelowicz, A AF Koek, RJ Yerevanian, BI Tachiki, KH Smith, JC Alcock, J Kopelowicz, A TI Hemispheric asymmetry in depression and mania - A longitudinal QEEG study in bipolar disorder SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Review DE bipolar disorder; depression; electroencephalography; laterality; longitudinal study; mania ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; SEASONAL AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; BRAIN ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; MOOD DISORDERS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM ASYMMETRY; QUANTITATIVE EEG AB Background: previous research has been inconclusive about the nature of hemispheric asymmetry in emotional processing. Method: 13 patients with DSM-IV bipolar disorder received repeated QEEGs over 2 years in different mood states. Z-score measures of asymmetry were assessed. Results: asymmetry in frontotemporal slow-wave activity appeared to be in opposite directions in depression compared to mania/hypomania, Conclusions: mood change in bipolar disorder is associated with change in QEEG asymmetry. Limitations: study of larger numbers of more homogenous patients under similar conditions is needed. Clinical relevance: study of mood state-dependent asymmetry changes in bipolar disorder may lead to better understanding of hemispheric processing of emotion. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Anesthesiol Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ New Mexico, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. San Fernando Mental Hlth Ctr, Mission Hills, CA USA. RP Koek, RJ (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, 16111 Plummer St 116-11, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. OI kopelowicz, alex/0000-0002-1728-4105 NR 110 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 53 IS 2 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.1016/S0165-0327(98)00171-2 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 199HQ UT WOS:000080475500001 PM 10360405 ER PT J AU Wechsler, H Molnar, BE Davenport, AE Baer, JS AF Wechsler, H Molnar, BE Davenport, AE Baer, JS TI College alcohol use: A full or empty glass? SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH LA English DT Article DE alcohol abuse; alcohol; binge drinking; college students; substance abuse ID BINGE-DRINKING; DRUG-USE; STUDENTS; NORMS; CONSEQUENCES; CONSUMPTION; PERCEPTION; BIASES AB Data from the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study (1993) were used to describe weekly alcohol consumption and its associated problems among a representative national sample of college students. The median number of drinks consumed/week by all students, regardless of drinking status, was 1.5. When students were divided by drinking pattern, the median number of drinks/week was 0.7 for those who did not binge drink and 3.7 for those who did so infrequently. For frequent binge drinkers, the median was considerably higher: 14.5 drinks/week. Nationally, 1 in 5 five college students is a frequent binge drinker. Binge drinkers consumed 68% of all the alcohol that students reported drinking, and they accounted for the majority of alcohol-related problems. The data indicate that behavioral norms for alcohol consumption vary widely among students and across colleges. Therefore, it may not be possible to design an effective "one size fits all" approach to address college alcohol use. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Coll Alcohol Studies, Dept Hlth & Social Behav, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wechsler, H (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Coll Alcohol Studies, Dept Hlth & Social Behav, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 18 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 8 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0744-8481 J9 J AM COLL HEALTH JI J. Am. Coll. Health PD MAY PY 1999 VL 47 IS 6 BP 247 EP 252 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197BA UT WOS:000080343700002 PM 10368558 ER PT J AU Laurel, VL Meier, PA Astorga, A Dolan, D Brockett, R Rinaldi, MG AF Laurel, VL Meier, PA Astorga, A Dolan, D Brockett, R Rinaldi, MG TI Pseudoepidemic of Aspergillus niger infections traced to specimen contamination in the microbiology laboratory SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANT; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB We report a pseudo-outbreak of Aspergillus niger that followed building construction in our clinical microbiology laboratory, Because outbreaks of invasive aspergillosis have been linked to hospital construction, strategies to minimize dust in patient care areas are common practise. We illustrate that the impact of false-positive cultures on patient care should compel laboratories to prevent specimen contamination during construction. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Affairs Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Laurel, VL (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, MMII, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1612 EP 1616 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 187NG UT WOS:000079792400076 PM 10203538 ER PT J AU Yang, HT Wu, SV Pichuantes, S Song, M Wang, J Zhou, DY Xu, ZM Quan, S Polito, A Walsh, JH AF Yang, HT Wu, SV Pichuantes, S Song, M Wang, J Zhou, DY Xu, ZM Quan, S Polito, A Walsh, JH TI High prevalence of cagA-positive strains in Helicobacter pylori-infected, healthy, young Chinese adults SO JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cagA; gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; pathogenesis; peptic ulcer disease ID VACUOLATING-CYTOTOXIN ACTIVITY; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; VIRULENCE FACTORS; GENE; EXPRESSION; GASTRITIS; ANTIGEN; PROTEIN AB Background: Cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) has been implicated as a potential pathogenic marker for Helicobacter pylori-induced severe gastroduodenal diseases. Although the prevalence of cagA-positive strains has been reported in patient populations from developed countries, only limited information from developing countries is available. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in combination with immunoblot analysis was used to determine the prevalence of cagA and its adjacent cagE genes and to evaluate the expression of CagA protein in 55 H. pylori clinical isolates from China. Results: The expected PCR products derived from H. pylori cagA and cagE genes were identified in all Chinese H. pylori clinical isolates. Similarly, the CagA protein was detected in all 40 isolates tested. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the presence of the cagA gene correlated well with expression of the CagA protein in all surveyed Chinese H. pylori isolates and that infection with cagA-positive H. pylori strains is highly common in China and independent of clinical presentation. (C) 1999 Blackwell Science Asia Pty Ltd. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Dept Med,Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. Nanfang Hosp, Inst Digest Dis, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. RP Wu, SV (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,Room 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17294, DK-40301] NR 24 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0815-9319 J9 J GASTROEN HEPATOL JI J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 14 IS 5 BP 476 EP 480 DI 10.1046/j.1440-1746.1999.01892.x PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 208FP UT WOS:000080980500014 PM 10355513 ER PT J AU Means, RT AF Means, RT TI Commentary: An anemia of chronic disease, after all? SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PATHOGENESIS C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Charleston, SC USA. RP Means, RT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, 903 CSB,96 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 47 IS 5 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 199PY UT WOS:000080491900003 PM 10361378 ER PT J AU Haseley, DR Jacobson, AF Graham, MM AF Haseley, DR Jacobson, AF Graham, MM TI Comparison of LVEF and EDV obtained from sestamibi and thallium gated SPECT studies. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 40 IS 5 SU S MA 784 BP 173P EP 173P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 192XV UT WOS:000080105800701 ER PT J AU Kurdziel, KA Gentili, A AF Kurdziel, KA Gentili, A TI Annotated directory of nuclear medicine teaching sites on the world wide web. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RI Gentili, Amilcare/G-1238-2013 OI Gentili, Amilcare/0000-0002-5623-7512 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 40 IS 5 SU S MA 1456 BP 323P EP 323P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 192XV UT WOS:000080105801325 ER PT J AU Woolfolk, MW Lang, WP Borgnakke, WS Taylor, GW Ronis, DL Nyquist, LV AF Woolfolk, MW Lang, WP Borgnakke, WS Taylor, GW Ronis, DL Nyquist, LV TI Determining dental checkup frequency SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; OLDER ADULTS; CARE; BEHAVIORS; SERVICES; ACCESS; VISITS; TRENDS AB Background, The authors assessed the dental checkup frequency of adults living in the Detroit tricounty area and identified demographic, access and subjective factors associated with visits to a dentist made not because of a dental problem. Methods. Data are from a 1994 probability based sample of adults who were interviewed and received an in-home oral examination. The authors used the variables of age, sex, education level, in-level, dental insurance status, usual place for care, objective measures of oral health, and subjective assessments of health, pain and dental anxiety to predict the frequency of dental checkups. Results, The authors found that differences in dental checkup behavior were related to demographics, access to dental care, subjective ratings of oral and general health and other self-assessments, and clinical parameters of oral health. In multiple logistic regression analysis considering all;variables simultaneously, sex, income, having a usual place for care and level of dental. care anxiety were found to be associated with having dental checkups. The authors determined the statistical significance level at P < .05. Conclusions, A total of 69.7 percent of the study population reported having had a dental check-up at least once a year in the past five years. The authors found that four factors associated with infrequent dental checkups: being male, having lower income levels, not having a usual place for care and being anxious about receiving dental care. Practice Implications. Dental health professionals should consider the correlates of dental checkup frequency identified in this study and the usefulness of proposed strategies to increase and sustain regular preventive visitation patterns in their own patient populations. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Periodont Prevent & Geriatr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Woolfolk, MW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Periodont Prevent & Geriatr, G306C,1011 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE10145] NR 31 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 130 IS 5 BP 715 EP 723 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 194PX UT WOS:000080203700022 PM 10332137 ER PT J AU Lim, A Tsuang, D Kukull, W Nochlin, D Leverenz, J McCormick, W Bowen, J Teri, L Thompson, J Peskind, ER Raskind, M Larson, EB AF Lim, A Tsuang, D Kukull, W Nochlin, D Leverenz, J McCormick, W Bowen, J Teri, L Thompson, J Peskind, ER Raskind, M Larson, EB TI Clinico-neuropathological correlation of Alzheimer's disease in a community-based case series SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; clinico-neuropathological; community sample; diagnosis ID HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSIS; CONSORTIUM; ESTABLISH; REGISTRY; CERAD AB OBJECTIVES: Most clinico-neuropathological correlative studies of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are based on research cohorts that are not necessarily generalizable to patients seen in the general medical community. In this study, we examine the accuracy of the criteria used in diagnosing AD in a community-based case series of patients with memory complaints. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Clinical and neuropathological diagnoses were obtained from 134 patients evaluated for dementia who subsequently underwent autopsy. SETTING: Subjects who exhibited new symptoms of dementia and were enrolled in the University of Washington/Group Health Cooperative Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry were eligible for this study. MEASUREMENTS: Clinico-pathological correlation was performed using NINCDS-ADRDA (National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) and CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) criteria. RESULTS: Ninety-five of the 134 cases studied met CERAD neuropathological criteria for AD. The sensitivity of NINCDS-ADRDA "probable AD" was 83 % (diagnosing AD correctly) and overall clinical diagnostic accuracy was 75%. However, there was a high rate of additional neuropathological findings. Only 34 of the 94 cases had pure AD on neuropathology, whereas the remainder frequently had coexisting vascular or Parkinson's disease lesions. CONCLUSIONS: This study of a large series of community-based incident dementia cases provides a way of judging the adequacy of currently available clinical diagnostic criteria. It also shows that co-existing neuropathological findings are common in community-based A.D. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Neuropathol Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Tsuang, D (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 116MIRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894; Kukull, Walter/0000-0001-8761-9014 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG10845, U01AG06781] NR 32 TC 260 Z9 265 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 47 IS 5 BP 564 EP 569 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 194NU UT WOS:000080201100011 PM 10323650 ER PT J AU Wu, SV Yang, M Avedian, D Birnbaumer, M Walsh, JH AF Wu, SV Yang, M Avedian, D Birnbaumer, M Walsh, JH TI Single amino acid substitution of serine82 to asparagine in first intracellular loop of human cholecystokinin (CCK)-B receptor confers full cyclic AMP responses to CCK and gastrin SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN BETA-2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; 2ND CYTOPLASMIC LOOP; A RECEPTOR; G-PROTEINS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; B/GASTRIN RECEPTORS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; HUMAN BRAIN; B RECEPTOR AB To understand molecular basis of Gs coupling to cholecystokinin (CCK)-A and CCK-B receptor subtypes, we examined cAMP responses in three sets of human CCK receptor mutants expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells. Single or double substitutions of the four nonconserved amino acids in the first intracellular loop of the CCK-BR were made with their CCK-AR counterparts to determine which residues are critical in Gs coupling. Single substitution of Ser82 to Asn, produced maximal cAMP responses comparable with the chimeric CCK-BR containing the entire first intracellular loop of the CCK-AR. Two other single substitutions, Leu81 to Arg and Leu85 to Met, produced significant but smaller cAMP responses. Ser82 was further changed into Asp, Thr, or Ala to determine the specificity of this position in Gs coupling by the CCK-BR. Replacements of Ser to Asp or Thr showed significant cAMP increases but the stimulatory effects were smaller than Ser to Asn, whereas Ser to Ala did not enhance any cAMP response to either CCK or gastrin. Finally, CCK-AR reverse mutants were studied to compare them with their corresponding CCK-BR mutants that showed increased cAMP responses. Substitution of CCK-AR residue Arg68 to Leu resulted in a complete loss of cAMP response, whereas Asn69 to Ser or Met72 to Leu showed markedly diminished cAMP responses. These data identify that specific residues in the first intracellular loop of both CCK receptor subtypes are critical for Gs coupling. Substitution of a single residue Ser82 to Asn in the CCK-BR is sufficient to confer full cAMP responses to agonist stimulation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis,CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wu, SV (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 217, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17294, DK-40301] NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 55 IS 5 BP 795 EP 803 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 192GM UT WOS:000080070200002 PM 10220557 ER PT J AU Vernon, JD Crane, LA Prochazka, AV Fairclough, D MacKenzie, TD AF Vernon, JD Crane, LA Prochazka, AV Fairclough, D MacKenzie, TD TI Smokers hospitalized in an urban, public hospital: Addiction, stages of change, and self-efficacy SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE inpatient; motivation; nicotine; smoking cessation; tobacco use disorder ID PREDICTING SMOKING CESSATION; FAGERSTROM TOLERANCE QUESTIONNAIRE; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; CHANGE MODELS; INTEGRATIVE MODEL; UNITED-STATES; RELAPSE; CONTEMPLATION; INTERVENTION AB Background. This study characterizes adult smokers on the medicine service of an urban, public hospital, including stage of change, self-efficacy to quit, and nicotine dependence, and explores relationships between perceived and actual smoking-related illness and these three predictive variables. Methods. Adult patients (n = 154) admitted to the Medicine service of Denver Health Medical Center in October and November 1996 were surveyed using a written questionnaire. Results. The proportion of smokers in this population was 45.7% (95% CI = 42.0%, 49.4%). Adjusted for age and sex, the proportion of smokers in this population was significantly greater than in Colorado (28.8% vs 21.8%, P < 0.001), About half (54.2%) were willing to try free nicotine patches during hospitalization. Among smokers with diseases recognized as smoking-related, 30.4% believed their reason for admission was related to smoking, compared to 20.4% among those with no smoking-related diseases (P = 0.18). Patients who believed their hospitalization was due to smoking had greater intentions (P = 0.001) and self-efficacy (P < 0.001) to quit. Conclusions. Targeting smokers who perceive that their illness is smoking-related may optimize inpatient smoking interventions. (C) 1999 American Health Foundation and Academic Press. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. AMC, Ctr Canc Res, Denver, CO 80214 USA. Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver, CO 80204 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. RP MacKenzie, TD (reprint author), Westside Family Hlth Ctr, 1100 Fed Blvd, Denver, CO 80204 USA. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 28 IS 5 BP 488 EP 495 DI 10.1006/pmed.1998.0450 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 195JM UT WOS:000080247100008 PM 10329339 ER PT J AU Engler, MM Engler, MB Goodfriend, TL Ball, DL Yu, ZG Su, P Kroetz, DL AF Engler, MM Engler, MB Goodfriend, TL Ball, DL Yu, ZG Su, P Kroetz, DL TI Docosahexaenoic acid is an antihypertensive nutrient that affects aldosterone production in SHR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; DIETARY FISH-OIL; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FATTY-ACIDS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SERUM-LIPIDS; CYTOCHROME-P450; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION AB The effects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, on blood pressure and some pressure-regulating systems were measured in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Plasma aldosterone end corticosterone levels, adrenal aldosterone production in vitro,and characteristics of adrenal angiotensin receptors were measured after 6 weeks of diet. Renal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A gene expression and arachidonic acid metabolism by renal microsomes were also investigated. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Diets contained either corn/soybean oil alone (CSO), or oil enriched with DHA. After 6 weeks, rats fed DHA had systolic blood pressures averaging 34 mmHg less than controls (P < 0.001). Plasma aldosterone levels were 33% lower in the DHA-fed animals than in controls (22 +/- 3 vs. 33 +/- 3.7 ng/dl, P < 0.05). Plasma levels of corticosterone were 18% lower in animals fed DHA than In controls, but this difference was not statistically significant. Adrenal glomerulosa cells from DHA-fed rats produced less aldosterone in vitro in response to angiotensin II, ACTH, or potassium. The difference was less marked when aldosterone production was stimulated by supplying exogenous corticosterone, suggesting an effect of DHA on postreceptor steps in signal transduction or the early pathway of aldosteronogenesis. We found no significant differences in angiotensin receptor subtype, number, or affinity. Production of arachidonic epoxides by renal microsomes was 17% lower in DHA-fed animals than in controls (P < 0.05), Renal cortical mRNA levels of CYP4A genes and formation of 19- and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) did not differ between dietary groups. Plasma total cholesterol and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly reduced in SHR fed the DHA supplement, but triglyceride levels were not significantly different The effects of DHA on steroid and eicosanoid metabolism may be part of the mechanism by which this fatty acid prevents some of the hypertension in growing SHR. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol Nursing, Lab Cardiovasc Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pharmacol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biopharmaceut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Engler, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol Nursing, Lab Cardiovasc Physiol, Room N611Y,Box 0610, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 550038]; PHS HHS [53994, 11046] NR 40 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 221 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-51.x PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 189KL UT WOS:000079903600004 PM 10320629 ER PT J AU Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM Kelley, DE AF Goodfriend, TL Egan, BM Kelley, DE TI Plasma aldosterone, plasma lipoproteins, obesity and insulin resistance in humans SO PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS LA English DT Article ID FREE FATTY-ACIDS; HYPERTENSION; RESTRICTION; CHOLESTEROL; SECRETION AB Aldosterone production in vitro can be affected by many hormones, autacoids, ions, and lipids, but regulation in humans is incompletely understood. We measured plasma aldosterone in adult subjects with a wide range of obesity and insulin resistance, Aldosterone levels correlated with measures of Visceral obesity in one predominantly male cohort and in the women of a second cohort. in the same subjects, aldosterone correlated with insulin resistance. Aldosterone also correlated with plasma cortisol in men and women, and with DHEA-S in women. The data suggested that visceral fat stimulates adrenal steroidogenesis. We found that certain fatty acids stimulated aldosterone production in vitro by rat adrenal cells incubated with rat hepatocytes, but not adrenal cells alone. The results suggested that fatty acids from visceral adipocytes induce hepatic formation of an adrenal secretagogue. This may explain the correlation of plasma steroids with Visceral obesity. Aldosterone may contribute to vascular diseases that complicate obesity. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Med Res Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pharmacol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Div Clin Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Goodfriend, TL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Med Res Serv, 2500 Overlook Terrace,Room C-3127, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 20 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0952-3278 J9 PROSTAG LEUKOTR ESS JI Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 60 IS 5-6 BP 401 EP 405 DI 10.1016/S0952-3278(99)80020-9 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 226FF UT WOS:000082009100020 PM 10471129 ER PT J AU Petrie, EC Wilkinson, CW Murray, S Jensen, C Peskind, ER Raskind, MA AF Petrie, EC Wilkinson, CW Murray, S Jensen, C Peskind, ER Raskind, MA TI Effects of Alzheimer's disease and gender on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to lumbar puncture stress SO PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's; cortisol; ACTH; stress; aging; gender ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; ADRENOCORTICAL AXIS; FEEDBACK-REGULATION; PLASMA-CORTISOL; DEMENTIA; HUMANS; ACTH; DEXAMETHASONE; SECRETION; SENSITIVITY AB Differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness to lumbar puncture (LP) stress were studied in normal elderly subjects and Alzheimers disease (AD) patients of both genders. Elderly normal subjects had larger peak cortisol and ACTH responses than AD patients. These results contrast with some previous reports of increased HPA-axis responsivity associated with AD and suggest that AD-related changes in HPA responsiveness depend on the type of stressor involved and are mediated 'upstream' to the final common pathway to ACTH secretion. HPA-axis responsiveness also differed by gender, with higher peaks and prolonged elevations in elderly female subjects than in elderly males. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs NW Network Mental Illness Res Educ &, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Petrie, EC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG08419] NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4530 J9 PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINO JI Psychoneuroendocrinology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 24 IS 4 BP 385 EP 395 DI 10.1016/S0306-4530(98)00088-2 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 187AC UT WOS:000079762900002 PM 10341366 ER PT J AU Melany, ML Grant, EG Farooki, S McElroy, D Kimme-Smith, C AF Melany, ML Grant, EG Farooki, S McElroy, D Kimme-Smith, C TI Effect of US contrast agents on spectral velocities: In vitro evaluation SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood, flow dynamics; blood vessels, stenosis or obstruction; ultrasound (US), contrast media; ultrasound (US), Doppler studies ID BLOOD-FLOW; ULTRASOUND; DOPPLER; ACCURACY; STENOSIS; PHANTOM AB PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of ultrasonographic (US) contrast agents on measurements of peak velocity with spectral Doppler US in stenotic and nonstenotic flow states. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nonpulsatile flow was established in a flow phantom with 0%, 50%, 75%, and 90% stenoses. SH U 508A perflenapent emulsion, and perfluorohexane emulsion were the contrast agents evaluated. Before and after administration of each contrast agent, two peak velocity measurements obtained proximal to, at the site of, and distal to the stenosis in each vessel model were averaged. The percentage difference in peak velocity after contrast agent administration was calculated for each site interrogated. The mean, SD, and coefficient of variation of the percentage difference in peak velocity were calculated. RESULTS: Percentage differences in peak velocity after contrast agent administration at different sample volume sites were not significantly different irrespective of the degree of stenosis or the contrast agent evaluated. CONCLUSION: The contrast agents evaluated do not produce a statistically significant increase in peak velocity. If this result is corroborated in clinical practice, contrast agents can be used without reevaluating existing Doppler US thresholds for stenosis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol Sci, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Melany, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol Sci, Med Ctr, 10833 Le Conte Ave,M-C 172115, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 211 IS 2 BP 427 EP 431 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 189WM UT WOS:000079929200019 PM 10228524 ER PT J AU Langdale, LA Wilson, L Jurkovich, GJ Liggitt, HD AF Langdale, LA Wilson, L Jurkovich, GJ Liggitt, HD TI Effects of immunomodulation with interferon-gamma on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BETA CHAIN; IFN-GAMMA; NEUTROPHILS CONTRIBUTE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN MONOCYTES; EXPRESSION; ADHESION; RELEASE; ENDOTOXEMIA; MACROPHAGE AB The development of an inflammatory response after injury depends on the participation of a variety of cell populations and endogenous mediators. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a potent cellular immunomodulating cytokine that contributes to acute and chronic inflammation. In this study, the effects of immunomodulation on ischemia-reperfusion injury were examined using increasing doses of recombinant, rabbit-specific IFN-gamma in an in situ model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. Pretreatment with low dose IFN-gamma augmented injury as measured by histology, aminotransferase concentrations, and myeloperoxidase activity. By contrast, high dose IFN-gamma pretreatment, equivalent to IFN-gamma supplements used in clinical trials, resulted in a lack of neutrophil infiltration and minimal progression of late phase, neutrophil-mediated reperfusion injury. These results suggest that immunomodulating mediators such as IFN-gamma may play a regulating role in the evolution of ischemia-reperfusion, contributing to the development and resolution of acute hepatic injury. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Langdale, LA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care, Dept Surg, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9,, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD MAY PY 1999 VL 11 IS 5 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1097/00024382-199905000-00009 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 195VQ UT WOS:000080273200009 PM 10353542 ER PT J AU Yao, L Gentili, A Cracchiolo, A AF Yao, L Gentili, A Cracchiolo, A TI MR imaging findings in spring ligament insufficiency SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MRI, foot, injury; ligament, spring; pes planus; posterior tibial tendonopathy ID POSTERIOR TIBIAL TENDON; ANATOMY AB Objective. Spring ligament insufficiency is associated with chronic posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, and may constitute an indication for surgical repair or reconstruction. This study examines the accuracy of MRI for the diagnosis of insufficiency of the spring ligament. Design and patients. Two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists independently scored the MRI findings in 13 cases of surgically proven spring ligament insufficiency and in 18 control subjects, using a standardized scoring system. Results. Insufficiency of the spring ligament was associated with increased signal heterogeneity on short TE spin echo images, and an increase in the thickness of the medial portion of the ligament. The sensitivity of MRT for the diagnosis of spring ligament insufficiency was 54-77%, while the specificity was 100%. MRI assessment of the plantar portion of the spring ligament was unreliable (kappa=0.33), but the assessment of global ligament integrity was substantially reproducible (kappa=0.76). Conclusion. The medial portion of the spring ligament can be reliably assessed on routine MRI, The findings of spring ligament insufficiency on MRI are only moderately sensitive but highly specific. C1 Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, MRI, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol Sci, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Orthoped Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Yao, L (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, MRI, 2nd Floor,CCC Bldg,3800 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RI Gentili, Amilcare/G-1238-2013 OI Gentili, Amilcare/0000-0002-5623-7512 NR 9 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 28 IS 5 BP 245 EP 250 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 212RC UT WOS:000081229200001 PM 10424329 ER EF