FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU EGAN, J SALATA, K CREMINS, J KIKENDALL, JW NAIR, P LOHANI, A HERSHEY, J SHARMI, S DAVIS, K WONG, RKH AF EGAN, J SALATA, K CREMINS, J KIKENDALL, JW NAIR, P LOHANI, A HERSHEY, J SHARMI, S DAVIS, K WONG, RKH TI CD45-POSITIVE CELLS IN FECES - A MARKER FOR DISEASE-ACTIVITY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV CLIN INVEST,GASTROENTEROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USDA,LIPID NUTR LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. FITZSIMONS ARMY MED CTR,AURORA,CO 80045. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1995 VL 108 IS 4 SU S BP A814 EP A814 DI 10.1016/0016-5085(95)27567-3 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QT863 UT WOS:A1995QT86303245 ER PT J AU HEBUTERNE, X WANG, XD JOHNSON, EJ KRINSKY, NI RUSSELL, RM AF HEBUTERNE, X WANG, XD JOHNSON, EJ KRINSKY, NI RUSSELL, RM TI INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION AND METABOLISM OF 9-CIS-BETA-CAROTENE IN-VIVO - BIOSYNTHESIS OF 9-CIS-RETINOIC ACID SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. TUFTS UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1995 VL 108 IS 4 SU S BP A729 EP A729 DI 10.1016/0016-5085(95)27227-5 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QT863 UT WOS:A1995QT86302905 ER PT J AU HSIAO, C CHATTERTON, NJ ASAY, KH JENSEN, KB AF HSIAO, C CHATTERTON, NJ ASAY, KH JENSEN, KB TI PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS OF THE MONOGENOMIC SPECIES OF THE WHEAT TRIBE, TRITICEAE (POACEAE), INFERRED FROM NUCLEAR RDNA (INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER) SEQUENCES SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE POACEAE; TRITICENE; RDNA SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; PARALLEL EVOLUTION ID RESTRICTION SITE VARIATION; GENOME RELATIONSHIPS; RIBOSOMAL DNA; EVOLUTION; GRAMINEAE; DELETION; REGIONS; GENERA; ELYMUS; LOCI AB Phylogenetic relationships of 30 diploid species of Triticeae (Poaceae) representing 19 genomes were estimated from the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The ITS sequence phylogeny indicated that: (i) each genome group of species is monophyletic, concordant with cytogenetic evidence; (ii) Hordeum (I) and Critesion (H) are basal; (iii) Australopyrum (W) is closely related to Agropyron (P); (iv) Peridictyon (G), Heteranthelium (Q), and Dasypyrum (V) are closely related to Pseudoraegneria (S); (v) most of the annuals, Triticum s.l. (A, B, D), Crithopsis (K), Taeniatherum (T), Eremopyrum (F), Henrardia (O), Secale (R), and two perennials, Thinopyrum (J) and Lophopyrum (E), all of Mediterranean origin, are a monophyletic group. However, phylogenetic trees based on morphology group these Mediteranean species with various perennial lineages of the Arctic-temperate region. The molecular data and biogeography of the tribe suggest that the Mediterranean lineage is derived from the Arctic-temperate lineage and that the two lineages have evolved in parallel. Extensive morphological parallelism apparently obscures the true genealogical history of the tribe when only morphology is considered. RP HSIAO, C (reprint author), UTAH STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,FORAGE & RANGE RES LAB,LOGAN,UT 84322, USA. NR 49 TC 146 Z9 164 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 2 BP 211 EP 223 DI 10.1139/g95-026 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QX261 UT WOS:A1995QX26100003 PM 7774795 ER PT J AU ODONOUGHUE, LS KIANIAN, SF RAYAPATI, PJ PENNER, GA SORRELLS, ME TANKSLEY, SD PHILLIPS, RL RINES, HW LEE, M FEDAK, G MOLNAR, SJ HOFFMAN, D SALAS, CA WU, B AUTRIQUE, E VANDEYNZE, A AF ODONOUGHUE, LS KIANIAN, SF RAYAPATI, PJ PENNER, GA SORRELLS, ME TANKSLEY, SD PHILLIPS, RL RINES, HW LEE, M FEDAK, G MOLNAR, SJ HOFFMAN, D SALAS, CA WU, B AUTRIQUE, E VANDEYNZE, A TI A MOLECULAR LINKAGE MAP OF CULTIVATED OAT SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE AVENA; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; LINKAGE MAP; POLYPLOIDY; GENOME EVOLUTION ID EXPRESSED DNA-SEQUENCES; RESISTANCE GENES; BARLEY HORDEUM; CV KANOTA; RFLP MAP; MARKERS; POPULATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS; GENOME AB A molecular linkage map of cultivated oat composed of 561 loci has been developed using 71 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Avena byzantina cv. Kanota and A. sativa cv. Ogle. The loci are mainly restriction fragment length polymorphisms detected by oat cDNA clones from leaf, endosperm, and root tissue, as well as by barley leaf cDNA clones. The loci form 38 linkage groups ranging in size from 0.0 to 122.1 cM (mean, 39 cM) and consist of 2-51 loci each (mean, 14), Twenty-nine loci remain unlinked. The current map size is 1482 cM and the total size, on the basis of the number of unlinked loci, is estimated to be 2932.0 cM. This indicates that this map covers at least 50% of the cultivated oat genome. Comparisons with an A-genome diploid oat map and between linkage groups exhibiting homoeology to each other indicate that several major chromosomal rearrangements exist in cultivated oat. This map provides a tool for marker-assisted selection, quantitative trait loci analyses, and studies of genome organization in oat. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AGRON & PLANT GENET,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. AGR & AGRIFOOD CANADA,RES BRANCH,PLANT RES CTR,CENT EXPT FARM,OTTAWA,ON K1A 0C6,CANADA. USDA ARS,PACIFIC W AREA,ABERDEEN,ID 83210. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP ODONOUGHUE, LS (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PLANT BREEDING & BIOMETRY,252 EMERSON HALL,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 50 TC 121 Z9 132 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 2 BP 368 EP 380 DI 10.1139/g95-048 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QX261 UT WOS:A1995QX26100025 PM 18470176 ER PT J AU LEE, JH GRAYBOSCH, RA LEE, DJ AF LEE, JH GRAYBOSCH, RA LEE, DJ TI DETECTION OF RYE CHROMOSOME 2R USING THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AND SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC DNA PRIMERS (VOL 37, PG 19, 1994) SO GENOME LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP LEE, JH (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 2 BP 417 EP 417 DI 10.1139/g95-054 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QX261 UT WOS:A1995QX26100031 PM 7774806 ER PT J AU MERMUT, AR LUK, SH ROMKENS, MJM POESEN, JWA AF MERMUT, AR LUK, SH ROMKENS, MJM POESEN, JWA TI MICROMORPHOLOGICAL AND MINERALOGICAL COMPONENTS OF SURFACE SEALING IN LOESS SOILS FROM DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED RAINFALL; DEPOSITIONAL CRUST; INFILTRATION AB Mineralogy of clay sized particles and rainstorm characteristics are among the major factors that determine the nature of soil sealing. This research was designed to further our knowledge about the role of clay mineralogy and rainstorm characteristics on crust formation. Four loess soils from different geographic locations (Canada, USA, China, and Belgium) were used in this study. Preliminary studies were carried out on Grenada Bt (USA), Lishi (China), and Bierbeek Bt (Belgium) horizons. Detailed infiltration and microscopic studies were performed only on the Bm1 horizon of the Saskatchewan soil, Canada and the Ap horizon of the Grenada soil, Mississippi, USA. Two levels of rainstorm were applied (similar to 40 and 80 mm h(-1)). While smectite was the major component in the Saskatchewan Bm1 horizon, vermiculite and illite were found to be the dominant clay minerals in the Bt horizon of the Grenada soil. Formation of the washed layer together with thin lamellar crust coincided with the preferential movement of clay sized particles through runoff in both the Saskatchewan Bm1 and Grenada Ap horizons. The higher initial infiltration rate with higher rainfall intensity in both soils were likely due to higher matric suction, but rapid reduction in infiltration in this treatment was due to rapid aggregate destruction and a dense packing of the fundamental soil particles. No washed-in zone could be observed in the Bm1 horizon of the Saskatchewan soil in both rainstorm intensities. However, drastic reduction in infiltration, especially with high rainstorm intensity (after 7-8 min), was attributed mainly to the swelling of smectite in this soil material. Washed-in materials were visible in the Ap horizon of Grenada under high rainstorm intensity. Due to the presence of iron oxides and clay coatings, aggregates were stable and no sealing could be observed in the Grenada Bt and Bierbeek Bt materials. The degree of seal development in the Lishi soils was low. This was due to low clay and high carbonate contents. This study shows clearly that higher and continuous rainstorm intensity causes rapid seal development and as a result more erosion would occur, especially in the soils with high smectite content. C1 UNIV TORONTO,DEPT GEOG,ERINDALE,ON,CANADA. USDA ARS,NATL SEDIMENTAT LAB,OXFORD,MS 38655. CATHOLIC UNIV LEUVEN,EXPTL GEOMORPHOL LAB,B-3000 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. RP MERMUT, AR (reprint author), UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SIP,DEPT SOIL SCI,SASKATOON,SK,CANADA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD APR PY 1995 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0016-7061(94)00053-D PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QX546 UT WOS:A1995QX54600004 ER PT J AU SELIGMAN, NG SINCLAIR, TR AF SELIGMAN, NG SINCLAIR, TR TI CLIMATE-CHANGE, INTERANNUAL WEATHER DIFFERENCES AND CONFLICTING RESPONSES AMONG CROP CHARACTERISTICS - THE CASE OF FORAGE QUALITY SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID WHEAT; NITROGEN; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; YIELD AB Yield and quality of cultivated forage crops are important determinants of animal production efficiency and both forage traits are sensitive to weather. Consequently, it can be presumed that these traits will respond to anticipated changes in the global environment associated with increases in [CO2] and temperature. Because of the large inter- and intra-annual weather variation that exists in most agricultural regions, it is not clear what the forage production response will be to predicted changes. This uncertainty in forage response to global environment change as compared to interannual weather variation was analysed using a mechanistic simulation model of plant development and growth. The results indicated that low soil-nutrient availability restricts forage production to such a degree that the global environment effects of higher [CO2] and temperature on quality are essentially irrelevant. When the nitrogen constraint was relaxed; higher [CO2] caused dry matter and digestibility to increase and protein concentration and leaf:stem ratio to decrease. Increased temperature had opposite effects. The combined effects of [CO2] and temperature were complex and annual weather variations were dominant, especially in rainfed situations. Limited reliability of predictions of crop response decades into the future indicates that it may be prudent to direct research effort to prepare for a wide range of climatic contingencies. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,USDA ARS,AGRON PHYSIOL LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. VOLCANI CTR,INST FIELD & GARDEN CROPS,IL-50250 BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 1 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00016.x PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TF589 UT WOS:A1995TF58900008 ER PT J AU WINWARD, AH MCARTHUR, ED AF WINWARD, AH MCARTHUR, ED TI LAHONTAN SAGEBRUSH (ARTEMISIA-ARBUSCULA SSP LONGICAULIS) - A NEW TAXON SO GREAT BASIN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE NEVADA; TAXONOMY; CHEMOTAXONOMY; ALLOPOLYPLOID HYBRID; TRIDENTATAE AB A new subspecies of Artemisia arbuscula is described, A. arbuscula ssp. longicaulis Winward and McArthur, ssp. nov. This taxon is a landscape dominant in portions of northwestern Nevada and adjacent California and Oregon at elevations from 1050 to 2000 m on shallow or argillic (clayey) soils. It differs from A. arbuscula ssp. arbuscula in its long floral stalks and large leaves. Morphological, chemical, ecological, and cytological data suggest that it is of hybrid origin. It is hexaploid (6x). We hypothesize that 2x A. arbuscula ssp. arbuscula and 4x A. tridentata ssp. wyomin-gensis are its parents. RP WINWARD, AH (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,OGDEN,UT 84401, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0017-3614 J9 GREAT BASIN NAT JI Gt. Basin Nat. PD APR PY 1995 VL 55 IS 2 BP 151 EP 157 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RH393 UT WOS:A1995RH39300007 ER PT J AU HANSEN, EM AF HANSEN, EM TI DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (ORGYIA-PSEUDOTSUGATA MCDUNNOUGH) ON SUB-ALPINE FIR IN NORTHERN UTAH SO GREAT BASIN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE TUSSOCK MOTH; SUB-ALPINE FIR; DEFOLIATORS; DOUGLAS-FIR; UTAH FORESTS; FOREST INSECTS AB Douglas-fir tussock moth (Orgyia pseudotsugata McDunnough) defoliation was detected by aerial survey on three areas of the Wasatch-Cache National Forest in 1990 and 1991. These are the first documented tussock moth outbreaks in Utah. Ground surveys revealed that subalpine fn (Abies lasiocarpa [Hook.] Nutt.) was heavily defoliated during the outbreak. Douglas-Br (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] France), though a minor component in the affected areas, had noticeably less defoliation and mortality Adjacent stands of Douglas-fir had little or no visible tussock moth activity. Defoliation on subalpine fir was typically found evenly distributed throughout the crown rather than concentrated at the top. Ninety-four percent of subalpine fir with defoliation ratings of 90% or more were killed. Top-kill occurred on nearly one-half of subalpine firs defoliated 25-89%. Heavily defoliated trees tended to occur in pockets bounded by areas of light defoliation. After three consecutive years of defoliation, tussock moth populations collapsed. No life stages were detected in 1993 from visual inspections of foliage or in pheromone traps. RP HANSEN, EM (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,4746 S 1900 E,OGDEN,UT 84403, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0017-3614 J9 GREAT BASIN NAT JI Gt. Basin Nat. PD APR PY 1995 VL 55 IS 2 BP 158 EP 163 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RH393 UT WOS:A1995RH39300008 ER PT J AU LONGLAND, WS CLEMENTS, C AF LONGLAND, WS CLEMENTS, C TI CONSUMPTION OF A TOXIC PLANT (ZIGADENUS-PANICULATUS) BY MULE DEER SO GREAT BASIN NATURALIST LA English DT Note DE DEATH CAMAS; ZIGADENUS; MULE DEER; POISONOUS PLANTS; COEVOLUTION RP LONGLAND, WS (reprint author), USDA ARS,920 VALLEY RD,RENO,NV 89512, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0017-3614 J9 GREAT BASIN NAT JI Gt. Basin Nat. PD APR PY 1995 VL 55 IS 2 BP 188 EP 191 PG 4 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RH393 UT WOS:A1995RH39300015 ER PT J AU FAUST, M AF FAUST, M TI NEW BUILDING FOR HORTICULTURE AT THE US-DEPARTMENT-OF-AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL-RESEARCH-SERVICE IN BELTSVILLE, MARYLAND SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article RP FAUST, M (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,FRUIT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 178 EP & PG 0 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300001 ER PT J AU GARDNER, HW AF GARDNER, HW TI BIOLOGICAL ROLES AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; RICE BLAST DISEASE; VICIA-FABA L; FATTY-ACID HYDROPEROXIDES; SELF DEFENSIVE SUBSTANCES; SYRINGAE PV-PHASEOLICOLA; LEAF-DERIVED VOLATILES; ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE; METHYL JASMONATE; PROTEINASE-INHIBITOR RP GARDNER, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 113 TC 103 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 197 EP 205 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300005 ER PT J AU BAUGHER, TA ELLIOTT, KC GLENN, DM AF BAUGHER, TA ELLIOTT, KC GLENN, DM TI EFFECT OF SOD COMPETITION AND ROOT PRUNING ON STAYMAN APPLE TREE GROWTH AND FRUIT CRACKING SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MALUS DOMESTICA; FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA; FRUIT COLOR; LIGHT PENETRATION; YIELD EFFICIENCY; NUTRITION; WATER POTENTIAL; FRUIT SIZE ID GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLE; YIELD AB Three growth suppression treatments were compared during 1991 to 1993 on 'Stayman' apple (Malus domestica Borkh,) trees grown in the T-trellis and the MIA trellis systems. All treatments-root pruning, K-31 fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and K-31 fescue plus root pruning-suppressed tree growth compared to the nontreated control, but results were inconsistent between years and systems. Sod or sod plus root pruning reduced terminal shoot length in both systems in 2 out of 3 years. Root pruning decreased shoot length in the T-trellis in 1992. Sod decreased trunk cross-sectional area in the T-trellis in 1993. Treatments did not affect 3-year average yield efficiency but did appear to increase biennial bearing. Sod, with or without root pruning, decreased fruit cracking in the T-trellis 69% and 42%, respectively, in 1992, and sod plus root pruning decreased cracking in the MIA trellis 50%. Sod reduced fruit diameter in the T-trellis in 1992. Secondary effects of growth suppression treatments included increased light penetration and improved fruit color. Sod decreased leaf N and Mg and increased leaf P, K, and Cu. The Oct. 1993 stem water potential gradient from root to canopy was more negative in the sod plus root pruning treatment, acid the osmotic potential of rootsucker leaves in the combination treatment was greater than in the control, indicating that sod plus root pruning alters the distribution of water within a fruit tree. C1 USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN FRUIT RES STN,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430. RP BAUGHER, TA (reprint author), W VIRGINIA UNIV,PLANT & SOIL SCI EXPT STN,POB 609,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 222 EP 226 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300010 ER PT J AU PARSONS, LR WHEATON, TA YELENOSKY, G AF PARSONS, LR WHEATON, TA YELENOSKY, G TI HANDWARMERS BENEFIT YOUNG CITRUS TREES DURING FREEZES SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CITRUS SINENSIS; FROST PROTECTION; TREE WRAPS AB Handwarmers placed inside conventional insulating tree wraps increased trunk temperatures and improved tree survival under freeze conditions, Handwarmers generate heat by oxidation of Fe powder. In freeze-chamber tests with air temperature as low as -7.1C for 4 hours, wraps plus handwarmers kept trunk temperatures above freezing. Handwarmers increased minimum temperatures by 7C during a one-night freeze. Benefit of the handwarmer decreased the second night of a simulated two-night freeze but still increased minimum temperature by 1.3C. Tree survival was significantly improved by handwarmers in the freeze-chamber tests. In a field test during a mild freeze, handwarmers increased the minimum temperature by 3.5C the first night but provided no benefit the second night. C1 USDA,HORT RES LAB,ORLANDO,FL 32803. RP PARSONS, LR (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,CTR CITRUS RES & EDUC,INST FOOD & AGR SCI,700 EXPT STN RD,LAKE ALFRED,FL 33850, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 231 EP 233 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300012 ER PT J AU MCGUIRE, RG HALLMAN, GJ AF MCGUIRE, RG HALLMAN, GJ TI COATING GUAVAS WITH CELLULOSE-BASED OR CARNAUBA-BASED EMULSIONS INTERFERES WITH POSTHARVEST RIPENING SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PSIDIUM GUAJAVA; WAX ID FILMS AB Harvested, mature-green guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit were coated with cellulose- or carnauba-based emulsions to compare the effect on fruit ripening and quality of ripened fruit. Coatings containing 2% or 4% hydroxypropylcellulose significantly slowed softening an average of 35% or 45%, respectively, compared to uncoated fruit (a delay of 1 to 2 days in September and 4 to 5 days by January). A 5% carnauba formulation slowed softening by 10% to 30% and was most effective at reducing weight loss. Neither of the cellulose- nor the carnauba-based coatings affected the decay susceptibility of softened fruit, but coated fruit did not develop as much color, had a lower soluble solids concentration, and were more prone to surface blackening in storage than uncoated fruit. RP MCGUIRE, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS,SUBTROP HORT RES STN,13601 OLD CUTLER RD,MIAMI,FL 33158, USA. NR 13 TC 29 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300031 ER PT J AU HAGENMAIER, RD BAKER, RA AF HAGENMAIER, RD BAKER, RA TI LAYERED COATINGS TO CONTROL WEIGHT-LOSS AND PRESERVE GLOSS OF CITRUS-FRUIT SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE WAX; MICROEMULSION; GLOSS; ETHANOL; PERMEABILITY; CITRUS SINENSIS; CITRUS PARADISI ID ETHANOL BUILDUP AB Valencia oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Valencia] and Marsh grapefruit [Citrus paradisi Macf.] were treated with single or double layers of coating. In cases where two coatings were applied, the first coating was a moisture-barrier wax; the second was either polyethylene wax or a mixture of shellac and resin ester. The inner coating reduced weight loss, and the outer coating imparted gloss. Fruit gloss, as measured by reflectometer, decreased more rapidly during 1 week at 20C with a single glossy coating than with the same coating applied as a second layer over a wax-based first coating. For citrus fruit, using resin ester or shellac as a high-gloss second coating tended to overly restrict the exchange of O-2 and CO2; however, two layers of wax did not. RP HAGENMAIER, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS,CITRUS SUBTROP PROD LAB,600 AVE SOUTH NW,WINTER HAVEN,FL 33883, USA. NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 296 EP 298 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300032 ER PT J AU MILLER, WR MCDONALD, RE SMITTLE, BJ AF MILLER, WR MCDONALD, RE SMITTLE, BJ TI QUALITY OF SHARPBLUE BLUEBERRIES AFTER ELECTRON-BEAM IRRADIATION SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SENSORY EVALUATION; CONDITION ATTRIBUTES; POSTHARVEST QUALITY; VACCINIUM ID GAMMA-IRRADIATION; GRAPEFRUIT AB Freshly harvested 'Sharpblue' blueberries (Vaccinium spp,), a hybrid of complex parentage (Sharpe and Sherman, 1976), were irradiated by electron beam at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, or 1.0 kGy to determine its effects on condition and quality after treatment and subsequent storage, Berry firmness was not affected by increased doses following 1 or 3 days of storage at 1C, but it declined with higher doses when stored for 7 days at 1C, In general, berry flavor and texture declined as dosage increased; however, neither flavor nor texture were rated unacceptable by a sensory panel, Weight loss, decay, soluble solids concentration, acidity, pH, skin color, or waxy bloom were not affected by dosage or storage. C1 STATE FLORIDA,DIV PLANT IND,GAINESVILLE,FL 32614. RP MILLER, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS,HORT RES LAB,2120 CAMDEN RD,ORLANDO,FL 32803, USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 306 EP 308 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300035 ER PT J AU FARNHAM, MW ELSEY, KD AF FARNHAM, MW ELSEY, KD TI RECOGNITION OF BRASSICA-OLERACEA L RESISTANCE AGAINST THE SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE COLE CROPS; BEMISIA ARGENTIFOLII; BEMISIA TABACI; COLLARD; KALE; CAULIFLOWER; GLOSSY LEAVES; SWEET-POTATO WHITEFLY ID DIAMONDBACK MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; PLANT-RESISTANCE; BEMISIA-TABACI; GLOSSY; PLUTELLIDAE; HOMOPTERA; CABBAGE AB Resistance of a Brassica oleracea germplasm collection (broccoli, Italica Group; cauliflower, Botrytis Group; and collard and kale, Acephala Group) to silverleaf whitefly (SLW; Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) infestation was evaluated using several measures of insect infestation (including adult vs. nymph counts) taken at plant growth stages ranging from seedling to mature plant. An initial study was conducted in an outdoor screen cage artificially infested with the SLW adults; subsequent field trials relied on natural infestations. The glossy-leaved lines ('Broc3' broccoli, 'Green Glaze' collard, and LSC Glaze' collard) had low SLW infestations in cage and field tests. SLW adult counts were less variable than similar comparisons using nymphal counts, although adult and nymph counts were positively and significantly correlated at late plant stages, Based on this study, comparing relative SLW adult populations would be a preferred criterion for identifying B. oleracea resistance to this insect. RP FARNHAM, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS,US VEGETABLE LAB,2875 SAVANNAH HIGHWAY,CHARLESTON,SC 29414, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 343 EP 347 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300047 ER PT J AU GRIESBACH, RJ BATDORF, L AF GRIESBACH, RJ BATDORF, L TI FLOWER PIGMENTS WITHIN HEMEROCALLIS-FULVA L FM FULVA, FM ROSEA, AND FM DISTICHA SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DAYLILY; FLOWER COLOR; ANTHOCYANIN; CAROTENOID ID COLOR AB Various forms of Hemerocallis fulva differed in their relative anthocyanin : carotenoid ratios and the type of anthocyanin present, Hemerocallis fulva fm. falva contained a single anthocyanin (cyanidin-3-rutinoside) and two carotenoids (zeaxanthin and lutein). Hemerocallis fulva fm, rosea contained a single anthocyanin (cyanidin-3-rutinoside) and traces of carotenoids. Hemerocallis fulva fm. disticha contained a single anthocyanin (delphinidin-3-rutinoside) and two carotenoids (zeaxanthin and lutein). RP GRIESBACH, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR W,US NATL ARBORETUM,BLDG 004,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 353 EP 354 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300050 ER PT J AU POOLER, MR SCORZA, R AF POOLER, MR SCORZA, R TI REGENERATION OF PEACH [PRUNUS-PERSICA (L) BATSCH] ROOTSTOCK CULTIVARS FROM COTYLEDONS OF MATURE STORED SEED SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BENZYLADENINE; INDOLE-3-BUTYRIC ACID; ORGANOGENESIS; THIDIAZURON; TISSUE CULTURE ID EMBRYOS AB Shoots were regenerated from cotyledons of mature stored seed of three peach rootstock cultivars ('Flordaguard', 'Nemared', and 'Medaguard'). Shoot regeneration rates were highest when cotyledons were cultured for 3 weeks in darkness on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2.5% sucrose and a combination of IBA (1.25 or 2.5 mu M) and TDZ (6.25 or 12.5 mu M). Regeneration rates for 'Flordaguard', 'Nemared',and 'Nemaguard' were as high as 60%, 33%, and 6%, respectively, Length of seed storage (1 to 3 years) did not affect regeneration rates. Seventy percent of regenerated shoots produced rooted plants, This regeneration method is rapid and simple, and stored seed can be used year-round, It may be a useful regeneration system for gene transfer in seed-propagated peach rootstocks. Chemical names used: 5 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); thidiazuron (TDZ). RP POOLER, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN FRUIT RES STN,45 WILTSHIRE RD,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430, USA. NR 8 TC 32 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 355 EP 356 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300051 ER PT J AU WILKINS, LC GRAVES, WR TOWNSEND, AM AF WILKINS, LC GRAVES, WR TOWNSEND, AM TI DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS FROM SINGLE-NODE CUTTINGS DIFFERS AMONG CULTIVARS OF RED MAPLE AND FREEMAN MAPLE SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ACER RUBRUM; ACER XFREEMANII; WOODY LANDSCAPE PLANTS; PROPAGATION AB Six red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and four Freeman maple (A. xfreemanii E. Murray) cultivars were compared for rooting of single-node stem cuttings and subsequent development of rooted cuttings, Cuttings were taken in May 1990 and 1991 and treated with either 3 or 8 g IBA/kg. Rooting after 4 weeks differed among cultivars, ranging from 22% for 'Karpick' to 100% for 'Schlesinger' over both years. Rooting scores, based on root counts and lengths, were highest for 'Scllesinger' and lowest for 'Scarlet Sentinel) and 'Karpick'. IBA at 8 g . kg(-1) resulted in better rooting than at 3 g . kg(-1). Mean length of shoots formed on potted rooted cuttings was 22.6 cm for 'Franksred', which initiated shoots on 100 % of the cuttings that rooted, In contrast, <50 % of 'Armstrong', 'Jeffersred', 'Karpick', 'Northwood', and 'Scarlet Sentinel' rooted cuttings initiated shoots, and mean length of new shoots was <4 cm for these cultivars, The amount of leaf desiccation that occurred after removing cuttings from the propagation bench varied among cultivars, and the percentage of viable leaf surface area correlated positively with final root or shoot dry mass for all cultivars. Chemical name used: indole-3-butyric acid (LBA). C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT HORT,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT HORT,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,NATL ARBORETUM,WASHINGTON,DC 20002. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 360 EP 362 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300053 ER PT J AU VANWANN, E AF VANWANN, E TI REDUCED PLANT-GROWTH IN TOMATO MUTANTS HIGH PIGMENT AND DARK GREEN PARTIALLY OVERCOME BY GIBBERELLIN SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Note DE LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM; GENE ACTION; PLEIOTROPY; GROWTH REGULATOR RP VANWANN, E (reprint author), USDA ARS,S CENT AGR RES LAB,LANE,OK 74555, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 379 EP 379 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA RL233 UT WOS:A1995RL23300060 ER PT J AU KIMBALL, BA CRAVER, RK JOHNSTON, JJ NOLTE, DL AF KIMBALL, BA CRAVER, RK JOHNSTON, JJ NOLTE, DL TI QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF THE MONOTERPENOIDS AND SESQUITERPENOIDS OF DOUGLAS-FIR SAPWOOD BY SOLVENT-EXTRACTION AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS-SELECTIVE DETECTION SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE TERPENOID ANALYSIS; DOUGLAS-FIR; SAPWOOD; CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOLVENT EXTRACTION ID NEEDLES AB In order to investigate the relationship between terpenoid content and black bear foraging preference, an analytical method was required to quantify mono- and sesquiterpenoids present in Douglas-fir sapwood. Sapwood samples were scraped from trees, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then homogenized. A simple extraction requiring no clean-up step was performed with ethyl acetate. Extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass selective detection versus external standards. The recoveries of 22 terpenoids from fortified controls were approximately 90% with good precision (relative standard deviations of approximately 10%). C1 USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,OLYMPIA,WA 98512. RP KIMBALL, BA (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,BLDG 16,DENVER FED CTR,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH PI HEIDELBERG 1 PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD APR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 4 BP 221 EP 225 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RF679 UT WOS:A1995RF67900003 ER PT J AU MAXWELL, RJ LIGHTFIELD, AR STOLKER, AAM AF MAXWELL, RJ LIGHTFIELD, AR STOLKER, AAM TI AN SPE COLUMN TEFLON SLEEVE ASSEMBLY FOR IN-LINE RETENTION DURING SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION OF ANALYTES FROM BIOLOGICAL MATRICES SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE IN-LINE TRAP; SORBENT TRAPPING; SFE; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION (SPE) COLUMN; ANABOLIC STEROIDS ID RECOVERY AB An in-line collector assembly designed for use in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) vessels is described. This assembly enables solutes extracted by supercritical fluids (SF) to be retained in-line on standard solid phase extraction (SPE) columns. The assembly consists of a standard 1 mL or 3 mL SPE column fitted into a specially fabricated Teflon(R) sleeve. The SPE column-Teflon sleeve assembly is inserted into the SFE vessel followed by the sample matrix. This unit forms a leak-tight seal with the vessel's end-cap up to pressures of 680 bar. The choice of sorbents used in the in-line SPE columns is dependent upon the properties of the solute in the supercritical state. After SFE is completed, the SPE column is removed and the solutes are recovered in 1-2 mL of the eluting solvent. No further clean-up is normally required prior to chromatographic analysis of the analyte. A comparison was made of recoveries by in-line and off-line (after SF decompression) techniques for the SPE of three anabolic steroids in fortified chicken liver. The HPLC chromatograms of the steroids from the off-line SPE columns were too complex for quantitation, because of coeluting artifacts, whereas chromatograms obtained from in-line SPE columns were free from UV-absorbing interferences and were easily quantified. C1 NATL INST PUBL HLTH & ENVIRONM PROTECT,3720 BA BILTHOVEN,NETHERLANDS. RP MAXWELL, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 5 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH PI HEIDELBERG 1 PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD APR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 4 BP 231 EP 234 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RF679 UT WOS:A1995RF67900005 ER PT J AU BLAKE, MJ KLEVAY, LM HALAS, ES BODE, AM AF BLAKE, MJ KLEVAY, LM HALAS, ES BODE, AM TI BLOOD-PRESSURE AND HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN RESPONSE TO ACUTE AND CHRONIC STRESS SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE HYPERTENSION, CHRONIC; STRESS; AORTA; ADRENAL GLANDS; HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS ID SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; AGE-DEPENDENT RESPONSE; HSP70 MESSENGER-RNA; COPPER DEFICIENCY; ADRENAL-CORTEX; TRANSCRIPTION; TRANSLOCATION; HYPERTHERMIA; INDUCTION; AORTA AB We previously demonstrated that restraint and pharmacological agents that activate sympathetic nervous system activity induce expression of the 70-kD heat shock protein (HSP70) in major blood vessels. The magnitude and rapidity in which HSP70 is induced in the aorta suggest that it may play a salient role in the mechanical properties of vascular smooth muscle. Other investigators have reported that HSP70 inducibility is increased in genetically hypertensive animals. In this report, we have investigated the effects of acute and chronic (8-week) exposure to restraint and restraint in the presence of a randomized intermittent air jet on the development of hypertension and the induction of HSP70 in the aorta and adrenal glands of normotensive adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Acute restraint or air jet resulted in a fivefold to sixfold increase in aortic HSP70 mRNA expression. Chronic exposure to restraint reduced the HSP70 response to acute restraint. In contrast, no adaptation of the HSP70 response to acute air jet was observed in aortas of chronically air jet-treated rats. In adrenal glands, HSP70 expression was reduced after chronic restraint and air jet, indicating that in this tissue, adaptation occurs to both stressors. There was no difference in HSP70 expression in unstressed rats that had been chronically exposed to restraint or air jet in either adrenal gland or aorta. A significant increase (P<.05) in systolic blood pressure developed in air jet-treated animals (120+/-3 mm Hg) but not in restrained rats (107+/-2 mm Hg) compared with unstressed controls (106+/-3 mm Hg). Plasma catecholamine concentrations were not indicative of HSP70 expression in the aorta. From these results, we conclude that adaptation to a stressor influences both resting blood pressure and the magnitude of the HSP70 response in aorta to an acute stress. Thus, the ability to induce HSP70 in vascular tissue may contribute to the development of hypertension in chronically stressed animals. C1 UNIV N DAKOTA,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. RP BLAKE, MJ (reprint author), UNIV N DAKOTA,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,501 N COLUMBIA RD,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-30493] NR 29 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD APR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 4 BP 539 EP 544 PN 1 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA QT940 UT WOS:A1995QT94000013 PM 7721395 ER PT J AU CHENG, JP SAUNDERS, JA SINDEN, SL AF CHENG, JP SAUNDERS, JA SINDEN, SL TI COLORADO POTATO BEETLE RESISTANT SOMATIC HYBRID POTATO PLANTS PRODUCED VIA PROTOPLAST ELECTROFUSION SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE LEPTINES; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; INSECT RESISTANCE; SOMATIC HYBRIDS ID SOLANUM-CHACOENSE BITTER; LEPTINE GLYCOALKALOIDS; TUBEROSUM; FUSION; SELECTION; PHUREJA AB Leptines are natural glycoalkaloids found only in certain selections of the wild potato species Solanum chacoense. These rare glycoalkaloids have been identified to be phytochemical defensive agents against insect herbivores such as the Colorado potato beetle (CPB). In an attempt to introduce this CPB resistance into the cultivated potato S. tuberosum, interspecific somatic hybrid plants were developed between a dihaploid of S. tuberosum and a high leptine-producing germplasm selection of S. chacoense. The somatic hybrid was fused using protoplast electrofusion and regeneration techniques. Selection of interspecies fusion cell lines was based on hybrid vigor in protoplast-callus (p-callus) growth, on shoot regeneration from p-calli, and on characteristic appearance of anthocyanin pigment. This selection system was highly efficient and 12 of 13 fully regenerated plants were identified as somatic interspecies hybrids, as determined by the analyses of morphologic biochemical, and isozyme markers. In vitro insect bioassays demonstrated that the hybrids averaged a threefold reduction in leaf consumption by the CPB when compared to cultivated potatoes. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,VEGETABLE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DRIVE SUITE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 2 BP 90 EP 95 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA QY210 UT WOS:A1995QY21000005 ER PT J AU KAMO, K AF KAMO, K TI A CULTIVAR COMPARISON OF PLANT-REGENERATION FROM SUSPENSION CELLS, CALLUS, AND CORMEL SLICES OF GLADIOLUS SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE GLADIOLUS; PLANT REGENERATION; CORMEL SLICES; BULB CROPS AB Callus was initiated from either cormel slices or in vitro-grown plants of six Gladiolus cultivars cultured on Murashige and Skoog's basal salts medium supplemented with either 10 mg/liter (53.8 mu M) 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 2 mg/liter (9.3 mu M) dicamba, or 0.5 mg/liter (2.2 mu M) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. More plants were regenerated from callus of the cultivar ''Peter Pears'' as compared to ''Jenny Lee,'' ''Florida Flame,'' or ''Golden Year.'' No plants were regenerated from callus of ''Rosa Supreme'' or ''Purity White.'' Plants were regenerated from 2 and 6-mo,-old suspension cells of ''Jenny Lee'' and ''Peter Pears'' but not from ''Florida Flame.'' Cormel slices cultured on Murashige and Skoog's basal salts medium supplemented with 1 mg/liter (4.4 mu M) 6-benzylaminopurine regenerated plants from all six cultivars indicating a cultivar-independent system of plant regeneration. RP KAMO, K (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR W,FLORAL & NURSERY PLANTS RES UNIT,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Kamo, Kathryn/0000-0001-6862-2410 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DRIVE SUITE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 2 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA QY210 UT WOS:A1995QY21000009 ER PT J AU PETERSON, JW WHIPP, SC AF PETERSON, JW WHIPP, SC TI COMPARISON OF THE MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF CHOLERA-TOXIN AND THE HEAT-STABLE ENTEROTOXINS OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FLUID SECRETION; SMALL-INTESTINE; PROSTAGLANDIN-E2; 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE; MONOPHOSPHATE; INDOMETHACIN; INVOLVEMENT; INVIVO; CELLS; CATS AB The mechanisms which enable cholera toxin (CT) and the Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins (STa and STb) to stimulate intestinal secretion of water and electrolytes are only partially understood. CT evokes the synthesis of 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP), and STa is known to elevate intestinal levels of 3',5'-cyclic GMP (cGMP). Neither of these recognized second messengers appears to mediate E. coli STb responses. We compared the secretory effects of CT, STa, and STb using the pig intestinal loop model and also measured the effects of toxin challenge on the synthesis of cAMP, cGMP, and prostaglandins (e.g,, prostaglandin E(2) [PGE(2)]), as well as on the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from intestinal enterochromaffin cells. All three enterotoxins elicited fluid accumulation within a 2-h observation period. A combination of maximal doses of STa with STb yielded additive effects on fluid accumulation, which suggested different mechanisms of action for these toxins. Similarly, challenge of pig intestinal loops with a combination of CT and STb resulted in additive effects on fluid accumulation and luminal release of 5-HT. Unlike its effect on intestinal tissues from other animals, CT did not appear to elicit a dose-dependent cAMP response measurable in mucosal extracts from pig small intestine. In contrast, luminal fluid from CT-challenged pig intestinal loops contained dose-related amounts of cAMP and PGE(2) that had been secreted from the mucosa. cAMP responses to STa or STb could not be demonstrated in either mucosal tissue or luminal fluid. In contrast, cGMP levels were increased in the intestinal fluid of loops challenged with STa but not in those challenged with STb. While the mechanisms of action of CT and STa are thought to involve impulse transmission via the enteric nervous system, we demonstrated significant stimulation of PGE(2) synthesis acid 5-HT release for CT and STb but very little for STa. We conclude from these data that the mechanisms of action of STa, STb, and CT are distinct, although the mode of action of STb may have some similarity to that of CT. Since STb stimulated the release of both PGE(2) and 5-HT from the intestinal mucosa, the data suggested the potential for an effect of STb on the enteric nervous system. C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. RP PETERSON, JW (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,GALVESTON,TX 77555, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 21463] NR 28 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1995 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1452 EP 1461 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA QP134 UT WOS:A1995QP13400049 PM 7890409 ER PT J AU OREILLY, DR KELLY, TJ MASLER, EP THYAGARAJA, BS ROBSON, RM SHAW, TC MILLER, LK AF OREILLY, DR KELLY, TJ MASLER, EP THYAGARAJA, BS ROBSON, RM SHAW, TC MILLER, LK TI OVEREXPRESSION OF BOMBYX-MORI PROTHORACICOTROPIC HORMONE USING BACULOVIRUS VECTORS SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROTHORACICOTROPIC HORMONE; PTTH; AUTOGRAPHA CALIFOINICA NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS; ACMNPV; GENE EXPRESSION VECTORS; VIRAL PATHOGENESIS; INSECT VIRUS INTERACTIONS; BOMBYX MORI; SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA ID DEVELOPMENT NEUROSECRETORY HORMONE; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; GYPSY-MOTH; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; EXPRESSION VECTORS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-EXPRESSION; ECDYSTEROIDS; INFECTION; INSTAR AB Recombinant baculoviruses were constructed that express the cDNA encoding the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) of Bombyx mori. This hormone stimulates the production of ecdysteroids by the insect's prothoracic glands. Two groups of viruses were constructed, expressing either the entire cDNA encoding prepro-PTTH, or a synthetic chimeric gene encoding a signal peptide fused to the mature PTTH subunit. In both cases, the genes were expressed in wild-type Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) and in vEGTDEL, an AcMNPV mutant that lacks a functional egt gene. The egt gene is required for viral-mediated inactivation of host ecdysteroids. High levels of functional PTTH were produced only by viruses expressing the mature subunit cDNA. This recombinant PTTH resembled the native hormone by all criteria examined. The overproduction of B. mori PTTH induced higher than normal levels of haemolymph ecdysteroids but had no observable effects on the development of infected Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. However, expression of PTTH by AcMNPV was found to inhibit the pathogenicity of the virus. This effect was particularly marked in the case of viruses lacking a functional egt gene. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT GENET,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT BIOL,LONDON SW7 2BB,ENGLAND. USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,INSECT NEUROBIOL & HORMONE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ENTOMOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP OREILLY, DR (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ENTOMOL,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 29 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 4 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.1016/0965-1748(94)00087-F PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA QW966 UT WOS:A1995QW96600008 PM 7742834 ER PT J AU PRICE, JC AF PRICE, JC TI EXAMPLES OF HIGH-RESOLUTION VISIBLE TO NEAR-INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTRA AND A STANDARDIZED COLLECTION FOR REMOTE-SENSING STUDIES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID WATER-STRESS; INDEX AB A number of sets of high resolution (0.01 mu m or better) spectra are described which span the major part to the visible short-wave infrared spectrum (0.4-2.5 mu m). These data sets include soils, both wet and dry, conventional agriculture, grasses, and shrubs, igneous and sedimentary rocks, minerals, and a variety of fabrics, building materials, and metals. Most are from the laboratory, some are field measurements. These collections do not include bi-directional reflectance data sets, nor limited domain (similar to 0.4-1.0 mu m) visible near-infrared spectral data sets. To facilitate intercomparisons and spectral matching with remotely-sensed data such as the aircraft instrument (AVIRIS) a standardized collection is described in which all spectra are presented at 0.01 mu m intervals, in a common format. This collection is available for research studies on a PC diskette. RP PRICE, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 24 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD APR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 6 BP 993 EP 1000 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA QV907 UT WOS:A1995QV90700002 ER PT J AU KONAI, M WHITCOMB, RF TULLY, JG ROSE, DL CARLE, P BOVE, JM HENEGAR, RB HACKETT, KJ CLARK, TB WILLIAMSON, DL AF KONAI, M WHITCOMB, RF TULLY, JG ROSE, DL CARLE, P BOVE, JM HENEGAR, RB HACKETT, KJ CLARK, TB WILLIAMSON, DL TI SPIROPLASMA VELOCICRESCENS SP-NOV, FROM THE VESPID WASP MONOBIA QUADRIDENS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLASS MOLLICUTES; CLASSIFICATION AB Spiroplasma strain MQ-4(T) (T = type strain), which was isolated from the hemolymph of the vespid wasp Monobia quadridens, was serologically distinct from other spiroplasma species, groups, putative groups, and subgroups. Each strain MQ-4(T) cell was helical and motile and was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane; there was no evidence of a cell wall. The strain grew well in 1% serum fraction medium, as well as in SM-1, M1D, and SP-4 liquid media, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Strain MQ-4(T) grew at temperatures ranging from 10 to 41 degrees C hut did not grow at 43 degrees C. The strain grew optimally at 37 degrees C with a doubling time of 0.6 h, the shortest doubling time recorded fog any spiroplasma. Strain MQ-4(T) catabolized glucose and arginine but did not hydrolyze urea. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was about 27.5 +/- 1 mol%. The genome size was 1,480 kbp (940 MDa). Strain MQ-4 (= ATCC 35262) designated the type strain of a new species, Spiroplasma velocicrescens. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES FACIL,MOLEC MICROBIOL LAB,MYCOPLASMA SECT,FREDERICK,MD 21701. INRA,BIOL CELLULAIRE & MOLEC LAB,PONT DE LA MAYE,FRANCE. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT ANAT SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 2 BP 203 EP 206 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA QR834 UT WOS:A1995QR83400001 PM 7727271 ER PT J AU CAUDALES, R WELLS, JM ANTOINE, AD BUTTERFIELD, JE AF CAUDALES, R WELLS, JM ANTOINE, AD BUTTERFIELD, JE TI FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF SYMBIOTIC CYANOBACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT HOST-PLANT (AZOLLA) SPECIES - EVIDENCE FOR COEVOLUTION OF HOST AND SYMBIONT SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING ANABAENA; NIF GENES; ASSOCIATION; FERN; SHOW AB The total cellular fatty acid contents of 40 recently isolated cyanobacterial symbionts obtained from seven species of Azolla host plants were determined by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A total of 63 fatty acids belonging to seven distinct chemical classes were identified. Fatty acid compositions varied among the cyanobacteria depending on the hosts species. Parameters that differed significantly (at the 99% level of probability) included the concentrations of the 16:0 and 18:3 fatty acids, the total concentrations of the polyunsaturated acids, the total concentrations of the 16-carbon and 18-carbon fatty acids, the ratios of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, and the total percentages of straight-chain even-carbon-number fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, and branched-chain unsaturated fatty acids. The results of an analysis of variance suggested statistical regression for the total percentages of these fatty acids and chemical classes according to the following linear alignment of cyanobacteria by host: Azolla filiculoides, Azolla microphylla, Azolla caroliniana, Azolla mexicana, Azolla rubra, Azolla nilotica, and Azolla pinnata (including Azolla pinnata subsp, pinnata and Azolla pinnata subsp, imbricata). The seven groups could be divided into two distinct clusters on the basis of the results of a dendrogram analysis of Euclidian distances. The symbionts obtained from A. filiculoides, A. microphylla, A. mexicana, and A. caroliniana constituted one cluster, and the symbionts obtained from A. rubra, A. nilotica, and A. pinnata constituted a second cluster. A minor dichotomy separated the A. filiculoides symbionts from the other members of the first cluster. The clustering of Azolla cyanobacterial symbionts based on the results of our fatty acid analysis correlates remarkably well with the taxonomic grouping of the American Azolla species. This correlation suggests that the cyanobacterial symbionts of Azolla spp. coevolved into distinct genetic groups with their hosts. C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & MICROBIOL,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. USDA ARS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 2 BP 364 EP 370 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA QR834 UT WOS:A1995QR83400027 ER PT J AU MILLERIHLI, NJ AF MILLERIHLI, NJ TI EVALUATION OF A GRAPHITE-FURNACE ATOMIC-ABSORPTION METHOD DEVELOPED FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LEAD IN SUGARS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION; PLATFORM ATOMIZATION; COLLABORATIVE STUDY; LEAD IN SUGARS AB A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) method was collaboratively studied to see if it would provide reliable performance in laboratories with a wide range of GFAAS expertise. Reliable detection of lead at levels of 100 ng/g was essential, and the method exceeded this requirement and provided quantification at levels of 30-50 ng/g with good contamination control. The intralaboratory precision was better than 10% RSD, and the interlaboratory precision was better than 20% RSD for samples with Pb at levels of 100 ng/g or greater. Problems with contamination are highlighted, and the maturity of GFAAS as a routine analytical technique is discussed. RP MILLERIHLI, NJ (reprint author), USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,FOOD COMPOSIT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 4 BP 923 EP 927 DI 10.1021/jf00052a014 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QU381 UT WOS:A1995QU38100014 ER PT J AU MOATS, WA HARIKKHAN, R AF MOATS, WA HARIKKHAN, R TI RAPID HPLC DETERMINATION OF TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS IN MILK SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE OXYTETRACYCLINE; TETRACYCLINE; CHLORTETRACYCLINE; MILK; HPLC DETERMINATION ID CHELATE AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESIDUES; OXYTETRACYCLINE AB A previously described method using on-line concentration and gradient elution was modified for more rapid isocratic analysis. Milk (5 mL) was extracted/deproteinized with 1 mL of 1 N HCl and 15 mL of acetonitrile. The resulting filtrate (12 mL) was evaporated directly, or the water layer resulting from addition of hexane and methylene chloride was evaporated. The extract could be concentrated to about 1 mL without significant degradation of tetracyclines. The concentrates were filtered. For analysis, a Polymer Laboratories PLRP-S column was used with a mobile phase of 0.02 M H3PO4 and 0.01 M sodium decanesulfonate-acetonitrile, 72 + 28 for oxytetracycline and tetracycline and 68 + 32 for chlortetracycline. The injection volume was 200 mu L with UV detection at 380 nm. Average recoveries were greater than 80% with detection limits of 2-4 ppb. RP MOATS, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,MEAT SCI RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 9 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 4 BP 931 EP 934 DI 10.1021/jf00052a016 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QU381 UT WOS:A1995QU38100016 ER PT J AU GAN, JY YATES, SR SPENCER, WF YATES, MV AF GAN, JY YATES, SR SPENCER, WF YATES, MV TI OPTIMIZATION OF ANALYSIS OF METHYL-BROMIDE ON CHARCOAL SAMPLING TUBES SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE METHYL BROMIDE; FUMIGANTS; HEADSPACE ANALYSIS; VOLATILIZATION; ACTIVATED CHARCOAL AB Analytical methods with low detection limits and large sample throughput are needed for environmental monitoring of methyl bromide emission into the atmosphere after fumigation. The effectiveness of the traditional solvent-phase analysis with carbon disulfide was compared with headspace analysis using a headspace autosampler on coconut-based ORBO-32 and petroleum-based ORBO-33 charcoal sampling tubes. Conditions for headspace analysis were optimized on the basis of the partition behavior of methyl bromide among the vapor, solvent, and solid phases in the closed system. Under optimum conditions, the detection limit using headspace analysis was 0.4 ng/tube, which was significantly lower than that for the solvent-phase analysis method (32 ng/tube). If 24 L of air is sampled, the equivalent detection limit in air concentration would be 17 ng/m(3) for the headspace method and 1300 ng/m(3) for the solvent-phase method. The headspace method is highly automated, and the number of samples that can be analyzed in 24 h is 300 under the proposed conditions, which is a significant improvement over all of the previously reported methods. RP GAN, JY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT SOIL & ENVIRONM SCI,USDA ARS USSL,PESTICIDES & WATER QUAL RES UNIT,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 4 BP 960 EP 966 DI 10.1021/jf00052a022 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QU381 UT WOS:A1995QU38100022 ER PT J AU KNIGHT, AL HOWELL, JF MCDONOUGH, LM WEISS, M AF KNIGHT, AL HOWELL, JF MCDONOUGH, LM WEISS, M TI MATING DISRUPTION OF CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA, TORTRICIDAE) WITH POLYETHYLENE TUBE DISPENSERS - DETERMINING EMISSION RATES AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF FRUIT INJURIES SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INSECTA; CODLING MOTH; MATING DISRUPTION; SEX PHEROMONE; E8; E10-12, OH ID FEMALE SEX-PHEROMONE; CYDIA-POMONELLA; RESISTANCE; COMPONENTS; APPLE AB Emission characteristics of three sex pheromone components of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), from a polyethylene tube dispenser used for mating disruption were determined and regression models predicting the emission rate of each component as a function of temperature and accumulated degree hours above 0 degrees C were developed. Field experiments were conducted in small plots of apple during 1989-90 to measure intraseasonal changes in the distribution of fruit injury within pheromone-treated blocks. Fruit injury was < 0.5% in 0.4 ha plots treated with 1,000-4,000 dispensers per ha in 1989 except in plots situated along the border of the orchard adjacent to a non-pheromone-treated orchard with high levels of fruit injury. In a separate orchard in 1990, the differential application of pheromone dispensers (2,000 per ha) and insecticides was used to create four 1-ha plots with moderate to high population densities of codling moth larvae during the first generation (50-fold range in densities of injured fruits per tree). Subsequently, all plots were treated with pheromone prior to the second generation. Fruit injury at harvest was < 1.0% for 'Delicious' in all plots except the highest density (HD) plot (4.0%), but was ca. 1.0% or higher for 'Golden Delicious' in all plots (14% in the HD plot). The mean number of injured fruits per tree for 'Delicious' and 'Golden Delicious' increased 10 and 25 fold between generations in the plot adjacent to and within 100 m of the HD plot, respectively. Results from both years demonstrated the effectiveness of mating disruption in suppressing the population buildup of codling moth in plots of apple not exposed to immigration of moths. RP KNIGHT, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS,YAKIMA AGR RES LAB,3706 W NOB HILL BLVD,YAKIMA,WA 98902, USA. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 SN 0735-939X J9 J AGR ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Entomol. PD APR-JUL PY 1995 VL 12 IS 2-3 BP 85 EP 100 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA RP271 UT WOS:A1995RP27100002 ER PT J AU CHASE, CC LARSEN, RE RANDEL, RD HAMMOND, AC ADAMS, EL AF CHASE, CC LARSEN, RE RANDEL, RD HAMMOND, AC ADAMS, EL TI PLASMA-CORTISOL AND WHITE BLOOD-CELL RESPONSES IN DIFFERENT BREEDS OF BULLS - A COMPARISON OF 2 METHODS OF CASTRATION SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CASTRATION; BULLS; STRESS; LIVE WEIGHT GAIN; HYDROCORTISONE ID CALVES; STRESS; BRAHMAN AB To determine plasma cortisol and white blood cell response to castration, Angus (n = 12, 21.4 mo of age), Hereford (n = 6, 21.2 mo of age), and Brahman (n = 24, 20.3 mo of age) bulls nearing maturity were either left intact as uncastrated controls (CON), surgically castrated (SUR) after lidocaine, or castrated by latex rubber banding (BAN). Before and through 35 d after castration (castration = d 0), animals were weighed and blood samples were collected for analysis of cortisol and total white blood cell (WBC) count at 2-, 3-, or 7-d intervals. There was a treatment x breed interaction for ADG from d 0 to 7 (P < .05). From d 0 to 14, 0 to 21, 0 to 28, and 0 to 35, ADG tended to be lower for SUR and BAN animals than for CON animals (castrated vs CON, P less than or equal to .13). No significant differences in ADG were observed between SUR and BAN animals during these times. On d 0, from just before treatment to just after treatment, plasma cortisol concentration increased 3.2 ng/mL for SUR and .1 ng/mL for BAN (SEM = +/- .5 ng/mL; SUR vs BAN, P < .03). From d 0 pretreatment to d 2 after treatment, plasma cortisol concentration increased 1.5 ng/mL for castrated (SUR = 2.0 and BAN = 1.1 ng/mL) and decreased 1.6 ng/mL for CON (SEM = +/- .7 ng/mL; P < .04). Plasma cortisol concentration was negatively correlated (P < .001) with BW (r = -.17) and BW change (r = -.19). Two days after castration, WBC counts were higher (P < .01) in castrated (SUR = 10,812 and BAN = 11,498 cells/mu L) than in CON (8,629 cells/mu L) animals (SEM = +/- 278 cells/mu L). Breed affected ADG (P < .05) and WBC (P < .01) but did not affect plasma cortisol concentration. Castration of bulls nearing maturity by both SUR and BAN procedures elicited short-term elevations in cortisol and WBC and reduced ADG compared with CON. The only difference observed between SUR and BAN treatments was an elevated plasma cortisol in SUR animals just after castration. C1 USDA,ARS,BROOKSVILLE,FL 34601. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT LARGE ANIM & CLIN SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32610. TEXAS AGR EXPTL STN,OVERTON,TX 75684. NR 21 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 975 EP 980 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000008 PM 7628975 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZALMEIDA, FA VANVLECK, LD WILLHAM, RL NORTHCUTT, SL AF RODRIGUEZALMEIDA, FA VANVLECK, LD WILLHAM, RL NORTHCUTT, SL TI ESTIMATION OF NONADDITIVE GENETIC VARIANCES IN 3 SYNTHETIC LINES OF BEEF-CATTLE USING AN ANIMAL-MODEL SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GENETIC VARIANCES; BEEF CATTLE; ANIMAL MODELS; GROWTH TRAITS ID RESTRICTED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NUMERATOR RELATIONSHIP MATRIX; PRODUCTION TRAITS; NONINBRED POPULATIONS; CROSSBRED PARAMETERS; GROWTH TRAITS; DOMINANCE; COVARIANCE; PREDICTION; INVERSE AB Dominance and additive x additive genetic variances were estimated for birth and weaning traits of calves from three synthetic lines of beef cattle differing in mature size. Data consisted of 3,992 and 2,877 records from lines of small-, medium-, and large-framed calves in each of two research herds located at Rhodes and McNay, IA, respectively. Variance components were estimated separately by herd and line for birth weight (BWT), birth hip height (BH), 205-d weight (WW), and 205-d hip height (WH) by derivative-free REML with an animal model. Model 1 included fixed effects of year, sex, and age of dam. Random effects were additive direct (a) and additive maternal (m) genetic with covariance (a,m), maternal permanent environmental, and residual. Model 2 also included dominance (d) and model 3 included dominance plus additive x additive (a:a) effects. In general, only slight changes occurred in other variance components estimates when day was included in Model 2. However, large estimates of additive x additive genetic variances obtained with Model 3 for 4 out of 24 analyses were associated with reductions in estimates of direct additive variances. Direct(maternal) heritability estimates averaged across herd-line combinations with Model 2 were .53(.11), .42(.04), .27(.12), and .35(.04) for BWT, BH, WW, and WH, respectively. Corresponding covariance (a,m) estimates as fractions of phenotypic variance (sigma(p)(2)) were .00, .01, .01, and .06, respectively. For maternal permanent environmental effects in Model 2, average estimates of variances as fractions of sigma(p)(2) across herd-line combinations were .03, .00, .05, and .02, for BW, BH, WW, and WH, respectively. Dominance effects explained, on average, 18, 26, 28, and 11% of total variance for BWT, BH, WW, and WH, respectively. Most of the estimates for additive x additive variances were negligible, except for one data set for BWT, two for BH, and one for WH, where the relative estimates of this component were high (.21 to .45). These results suggest that most of the nonadditive genetic variance in the traits studied is accounted for by dominance genetic effects. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68583. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ANIM SCI,AMES,IA 50011. RP RODRIGUEZALMEIDA, FA (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ANIM SCI,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1002 EP 1011 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000012 PM 7628942 ER PT J AU FREETLY, HC NIENABER, JA LEYMASTER, KA JENKINS, TG AF FREETLY, HC NIENABER, JA LEYMASTER, KA JENKINS, TG TI RELATIONSHIPS AMONG HEAT-PRODUCTION, BODY-WEIGHT, AND AGE IN SUFFOLK AND TEXEL EWES SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SHEEP; MAINTENANCE; CALORIMETRY ID SHEEP; TRAITS; LAMBS AB The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that heat production (HP) was equivalent between Suffolk and Texel ewes at common fasted BW and at common ages. Open-circuit respiration calorimetry was used to estimate HP in 48 Suffolk and 48 Texel ewes at eight ages (10, 15, 20, and 28 wk of age and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 yr of age). Sheep were individually penned in an environmentally controlled building 6 to 10 d before sample collection. Feed was removed 55 h before sample collection. Heat production measurements were made from 55 and 71 h of the feed restriction. Suffolk ewes had greater mature weights (P < .01) and reached maturity more rapidly than Texel ewes (P < .05). At a common weight, Texel ewes had a lower HP than Suffolk ewes. The ratio of HP:BW declined as ewes aged, as indicated by the fact that the slope of the log-transformed data was negative and less than 1 (P < .01). The models predict that Suffolk ewes had a lower HP:BW than Texel ewes at a common age, but when ewes were compared at common proportions of mature weight HP:BW did not differ between breeds. Breed differences in HP seem to be the result of differences between breeds in maturing rate. RP FREETLY, HC (reprint author), USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,POB 166,CLAY CTR,NE 68933, USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1030 EP 1037 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000015 PM 7628945 ER PT J AU DINTZIS, FR LASZLO, JA NELSEN, TC BAKER, FL CALVERT, CC AF DINTZIS, FR LASZLO, JA NELSEN, TC BAKER, FL CALVERT, CC TI FREE AND TOTAL ION CONCENTRATIONS IN PIG DIGESTA SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PIGS; GASTROINTESTINAL; MINERALS; BIOAVAILABILITY; CORN BRAN; ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY ANALYSIS ID CORN BRAN; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; DIETARY FIBER; ABSORPTION; MOVEMENTS; SECRETION; WHEAT AB Mineral bioavailability is related to the activity of the free ion or small-ligand metal ion complexes present in gastrointestinal (GI) tract digesta. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish between total ion and free-ion/small-ligand complexes (referred to simply as ''free'') concentrations. Free and total cation concentration in pig digesta from various GI locations were determined. Free ions were operationally defined as those that passed through a 1,000 molecular weight cutoff filter. To test the effect of dietary supplementation on free ion concentrations, pigs were fed either basal diets of corn bran, corn grits, and soybean meal (10, 67, and 20 weight percent, respectively) or basal diets containing added Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu. In addition, the Ca and K content of corn bran fragments retrieved from digesta was determined by energy dispersive x-ray analysis to examine whether this dietary fiber preferentially absorbed minerals, thus reducing mineral bioavailability. Free cation concentrations, expressed as a percentage of the total, averaged over all locations for both diets were: Na, 86%; K, 96%;, Ca, 11%; Mg, 40%; Zn, 5%; Fe, 4%; and Cu, 11%. For Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu, the free:total cation concentration ratios differed (P < .05) between upper and lower GI tract. Mineral supplementation did not alter free:total ratios of any ion in the GI tract. For supplemented diets, mineral concentrations generally were higher throughout the GI tract, as were concentrations of free Ca. Free concentrations of Zn and Cu in the jejunum and ileum were higher (P < .01) with supplemented diets. The calcium content of retrieved corn bran was higher ( P < .01) than the initial content. This study suggests that corn bran fed at levels higher than 10% could act directly as a significant mineral sink if fed with pig diets deficient in minerals. RP DINTZIS, FR (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1138 EP 1146 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000028 PM 7628958 ER PT J AU CHANG, WJ BARB, CR KRAELING, RR RAMPACEK, GB WRIGHT, JT AF CHANG, WJ BARB, CR KRAELING, RR RAMPACEK, GB WRIGHT, JT TI BIOGENIC-AMINES IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS OF RATS AFTER DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE OR AIMAX TREATMENT, AN ALTERNATIVE FOR NOREPINEPHRINE DEPLETION SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HYPOTHALAMUS; CATECHOLAMINES; AIMAX; RATS ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; CATECHOLAMINES AB The objective of this study was to determine whether AIMAX ( a dithiocarbamoylhydrazine derivative) is suitable for determining the effects of norepinephrine (NE) depletion on reproduction in domestic animals. Therefore, the effect of AIMAX (n = 6) on concentrations of biogenic amines in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) of ovariectomized (OVX) rats primed with ovarian steroids was compared to that of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC; n = 5), a potent dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitor, which is chemically similar to AIMAX. Rats that received only ovarian steroids and saline injections served as controls (n = 6). Treatment with DDC resulted in sedation and reduced body temperature. In contrast, rats behaved normally after AIMAX treatment. AIMAX reduced (P < .05) NE but increased (P < .05) dopamine (DA) concentrations in MBH and AHA compared with controls. Similar changes in NE and DA concentrations were observed in DDC-treated rats. However, elevated epinephrine (EPI) levels were measured in MBH and AHA of only DDC-treated rats. Serum LH concentrations were suppressed (P < .005) in both AIMAX- and DDC-treated rats compared with control animals. Because AIMAX, like DDC, suppressed hypothalamic NE content and LH secretion, AIMAX should be useful in studying effects of NE depletion on gonadotropin secretion in domestic animals. C1 USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,ATHENS,GA 30613. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ANIM & DAIRY SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1147 EP 1151 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000029 PM 7628959 ER PT J AU SPICER, LJ ECHTERNKAMP, SE WONG, EA HAMILTON, DT VERNON, RK AF SPICER, LJ ECHTERNKAMP, SE WONG, EA HAMILTON, DT VERNON, RK TI SERUM HORMONES, FOLLICULAR-FLUID STEROIDS, INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTORS AND THEIR BINDING-PROTEINS, AND OVARIAN IGF MESSENGER-RNA IN SHEEP WITH DIFFERENT OVULATION RATES SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR; OVULATION RATE; FOLLICULAR FLUID; OVARIES; SHEEP; BINDING PROTEINS ID MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; GRANULOSA-CELL FUNCTION; FACTOR-I; ESTROUS-CYCLE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; ANTRAL FOLLICLES; GENE-EXPRESSION; INVITRO; PROLIFERATION; LOCALIZATION AB Ovulation rate, serum hormone concentrations, follicular fluid (FFL) concentrations of steroids and IGF, IGF binding protein (IGFBP) activity in FFL, and follicular ICE-I and -II mRNA were compared during the follicular phase among five genotypes of ewes: Finn (F), Composite III (C), 1/2 Booroola Merino (B) x 1/2 F (BxF), 1/2 F x 1/2 C (FxC), 1/2 B x 1/2 C (BxC). Composite III ewes were a Columbia x Suffolk x Hampshire crossbred. Ovulation rates for F (n = 7), C (n = 5), BxF (n = 6), FxC (n = 3), and BxC (n = 8) ewes were 3.1, 1.6, 3.8, 2.9, and 2.9 (Pooled SEM = .5), respectively. Concentrations of IGF-I in FFL were 53% greater (P < .05) in large (greater than or equal to 4.1 mm) than in small (< 4.1 mm) follicles but did not differ (P > .10) among genotypes. In contrast, FFL IGF-II concentrations were greater(P < .05) in BxC and BxF ewes than in C or FxC ewes but did not differ between small and large follicles. Ligand blotting revealed that IGFBP activity of three species (34, 27 to 29, and 24 kDa) were lower (P < .05) in FFL of large than in FFL of small follicles but did not differ (P > .10) among genotypes. Follicular wall IGF-I mRNA and IGF-II mRNA was detected in 5 and 32% of the samples from preovulatory follicles, respectively, using reverse transcriptase-PCR and ethidium-bromide staining. Ovarian IGF-I mRNA levels, assessed by Northern analysis, in BxF and BxC ewes were greater (P < .05) than those in C ewes; ovarian IGF-I mRNA levels in F and FxC ewes were intermediate and did not differ (P > .10) from those in C ewes. Small follicles from BxC and BxF ewes had severalfold greater (P < .05) estradiol concentrations than those from F or C ewes, whereas large follicles from BxF ewes had twice (P < .05) the estradiol concentrations of follicles from F or C ewes. Progesterone in FFL did not differ among genotypes. Serum LH, FSH, inhibin, IGF-I, and progesterone did not differ (P > .10) among genotypes. In conclusion, higher ovulation rates in B-cross ewes (i.e., BxF and BxC vs C) were associated with greater levels of FFL IGF-II, FFL estradiol, and ovarian IGF-I mRNA but were not associated with differences in FFL progesterone, IGF-I, or IGFBP. C1 USDA ARS,US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM & POULTRY SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP SPICER, LJ (reprint author), OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM SCI,STILLWATER,OK 74078, USA. NR 54 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 4 BP 1152 EP 1163 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QR570 UT WOS:A1995QR57000030 PM 7543085 ER PT J AU BOTT, M THONYMEYER, L LOFERER, H ROSSBACH, S TULLY, RE KEISTER, D APPLEBY, CA HENNECKE, H AF BOTT, M THONYMEYER, L LOFERER, H ROSSBACH, S TULLY, RE KEISTER, D APPLEBY, CA HENNECKE, H TI BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM CYTOCHROME C(550) IS REQUIRED FOR NITRATE RESPIRATION BUT NOT FOR SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN-FIXATION SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; RHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; NITRITE REDUCTASES; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; GENE; HEMOPROTEINS; BACTEROIDS; COMPLEX; CLONING AB Bradyrhizobium japonicum possesses three soluble c-type cytochromes, c(550), c(552), and c(555). The genes for cytochromes c(552) (cycB) and c(555) (cycC) were characterized previously, Here we report the cloning, sequencing, and mutational analysis of the cytochrome c(550) gene (cycA), A B, japonicum mutant with an insertion in cycA failed to synthesize a 12-kDa c-type cytochrome. This protein was detectable in the cycA, mutant complemented with cloned cycA, which proves that it is the cycA gene product. The cycA mutant, a cycB-cycC double mutant, and a cycA-cycB-cycC triple mutant elicited N-2-fixing root nodules on soybean (Nod(+) Fix(+) phenotype); hence, none of these three cytochromes c is essential for respiration supporting symbiotic N-2 fixation. However, cytochrome c(550), in contrast to cytochromes c(552) and c(555), was shown to be essential for anaerobic growth of B. japonicum, using nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor. C1 ETH ZENTRUM,INST MIKROBIOL,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. USDA,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. CSIRO,DIV PLANT IND,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. RI Bott, Michael/E-8004-2011 OI Bott, Michael/0000-0002-4701-8254 NR 27 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 177 IS 8 BP 2214 EP 2217 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA QR556 UT WOS:A1995QR55600039 PM 7721713 ER PT J AU REED, HC TAN, SH HAAPANEN, K KILLMON, M REED, DK ELLIOTT, NC AF REED, HC TAN, SH HAAPANEN, K KILLMON, M REED, DK ELLIOTT, NC TI OLFACTORY RESPONSES OF THE PARASITOID DIAERETIELLA-RAPAE (HYMENOPTERA, APHIDIIDAE) TO ODOR OF PLANTS, APHIDS, AND PLANT-APHID COMPLEXES SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE KAIROMONE; BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; CABBAGE; WHEAT; DIURAPHIS-NOXIA; BREVICORYNE-BRASSICAE; OLFACTOMETER; INFOCHEMICAL; PREFERENCE; HOST PLANTS ID COTESIA-MARGINIVENTRIS CRESSON; HOST-RELATED ODORS; LYSIPHLEBUS-TESTACEIPES; AIRBORNE SEMIOCHEMICALS; NIGRIPES HYMENOPTERA; FOOD-PLANTS; BRACONIDAE; EXPERIENCE; BEHAVIOR; HONEYDEW AB Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) is a parasitoid of several aphid species, including the Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), and the cabbage aphid (CA), Brevicoryne brasicae (L.). The response of mated D. rapae females to odors from wheat, cabbage, and plant-host complexes was investigated using a four-choice olfactometer. Experienced parasitoids, but not inexperienced females, responded positively to odors of the wheat-RWA complex in a no-choice test. In choice tests, experienced parasitoids did not respond to odors of uninfested cabbage and wheat leaves, but did respond positively to aphid-infested plants and to aphids alone. The response of D. rapae to the cabbage-CA complex and to CA alone was significantly greater than to the wheat-RWA complex and RWA alone, suggesting an innate odor preference for crucifer-feeding aphids. C1 USDA ARS,PLANT SCI RES LAB,STILLWATER,OK 74075. RP REED, HC (reprint author), ORAL ROBERTS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,TULSA,OK 74171, USA. NR 29 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 11 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 21 IS 4 BP 407 EP 418 DI 10.1007/BF02036738 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QX589 UT WOS:A1995QX58900004 PM 24234172 ER PT J AU LAIRD, DA SHANG, C THOMPSON, ML AF LAIRD, DA SHANG, C THOMPSON, ML TI HYSTERESIS IN CRYSTALLINE SWELLING OF SMECTITES SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Hysteresis in crystalline swelling of smectites was investigated with respect to the surface properties of five reference smectites, First, the samples were Na saturated and equilibrated with either 3 M NaCl or distilled water to establish initial basal spacings of 15.5 and >40 Angstrom, respectively, Then the samples were equilibrated with NaCl solutions ranging from 0.35 to 3 M, to establish osmotic control of crystalline swelling. Basal spacings of the equilibrated clays were measured by X ray diffraction, and hysteresis was quantified as the difference in weighted-average H2O activities in the equilibration solutions for the adsorption (15.5 to 19 Angstrom) and desorption (l9 to 15.5 Angstrom) transitions, The magnitude of hysteresis was similar for all five smectites and was not significantly correlated with surface charge density, percentage of tetrahedral charge, or surface area, The cause of hysteresis in crystalline swelling is attributed to both intrinsic and extrinsic processes. Intrinsic hysteresis is an inherent consequence of changes in the expansion and attraction energy levels during swelling and is believed to be caused by rigidity of the clay-water system, Extrinsic hysteresis is caused by factors that contribute additional rigidity to smectite quasicrystals, primarily thick quasicrystals. Sample history influences the magnitude of the extrinsic hysteresis. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP LAIRD, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,2150 PAMMEL DR,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Laird, David/E-8598-2014 NR 21 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 171 IS 1 BP 240 EP 245 DI 10.1006/jcis.1995.1173 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA QT153 UT WOS:A1995QT15300029 ER PT J AU PEPPERMAN, AB KUAN, JCW AF PEPPERMAN, AB KUAN, JCW TI CONTROLLED-RELEASE FORMULATIONS OF ALACHLOR BASED ON CALCIUM ALGINATE SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE LA English DT Article DE ALACHLOR; ALGINATE; KAOLIN; LINSEED OIL; VEGETABLE OIL; CONTROLLED RELEASE; HERBICIDE FORMULATION; GROUNDWATER ID METRIBUZIN; CONTAMINATION; GROUNDWATER AB Granular controlled release formulations of alachlor were prepared from sodium alginate-kaolin-linseed oil-herbicide slurries dropped onto calcium chloride to form spherical beads which were air-dried and evaluated for release rates in a static water extraction. These formulations gave considerably slower release of alachlor than a commercial formulation and/or the alginate formulation without oil. Factors affecting the rate of release included aging of the dried formulation and the ratio of oil/herbicide in the formulation. The size of the beads had no appreciable effect on the rate of release and several oils, including canola, corn, olive, safflower, peanut, soybean, and sunflower gave similar release rates to linseed oil formulations for alachlor. The use of lignin in combination with alginate also produced a granular formulation with reduced release rates. RP PEPPERMAN, AB (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-3659 J9 J CONTROL RELEASE JI J. Control. Release PD APR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1016/0168-3659(94)00111-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QX366 UT WOS:A1995QX36600003 ER PT J AU KONSTANCE, RP HOLSINGER, VH THOMPSON, MP AF KONSTANCE, RP HOLSINGER, VH THOMPSON, MP TI INSTRUMENTAL TEXTURE PARAMETERS AND SOLVATION CHARACTERISTICS OF MIXED CASEIN GELS SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TEXTURE; CASEIN; GELS; RHEOLOGY ID AXIAL-COMPRESSION PROPERTIES; PROTEINS AB Caseins exhibit a wide range of physicochemical and functional properties that make them an excellent source of protein for the creation of formulated foods, either as novel or imitative products. Their ability to gel suggests their potential use in highly valued imitative products, such as Kamaboko, a surimi product. However, gelation and the resultant textural properties can be enhanced by various factors, especially the ionic strength of the mixtures and the addition of noncasein proteins. Instrumental texture profile analyses of gels made from mixtures of casein with chicken egg albumin, whey protein concentrate, rennet, and calcium ion were evaluated as well as the solvation characteristics of these protein systems. Of the factors that alter functionality, protein type and Ca2+ concentration contributed most significantly. Whey protein concentrate added to the casein resulted in weaker gels that failed when subjected to 50% compression, but casein gels made with added egg albumin were firm and elastic. The addition of rennet was effective in improving the elasticity of the gels made with casein and egg albumin. The observed improvements in functionality did not lend themselves to the creation of surimi-like products with the formulations studied but suggest the potential for theological emulation of these products with additional formulation. RP KONSTANCE, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD APR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 4 BP 784 EP 793 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA QV328 UT WOS:A1995QV32800006 ER PT J AU BASCH, JJ WICKHAM, ED FARRELL, HM KEYS, JE AF BASCH, JJ WICKHAM, ED FARRELL, HM KEYS, JE TI ORNITHINE-DELTA-AMINOTRANSFERASE IN LACTATING BOVINE MAMMARY-GLANDS SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MILK SECRETION; ENZYMES; PROLINE ID AMINO-ACID UTILIZATION; RAT-KIDNEY; PROTEIN; FAT; COW AB The occurrence and subcellular distribution of ornithine-delta-aminotransferase have been studied in lactating bovine mammary glands. The enzyme is localized in the mitochondria and has a unique thermal reaction profile that distinguishes it from putative liver and kidney isozymes. The enzyme concentration in the gland correlates well with a role in the conversion of ornithine into the proline precursor, L-Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. However, an unusually high Michaelis constant for the mitochondrial enzyme (8.4 mM) raises the question of enzyme efficiency in vivo such that this pathway needs to be considered in estimating barriers to protein secretion into milk. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP BASCH, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD APR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 4 BP 825 EP 831 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA QV328 UT WOS:A1995QV32800010 PM 7790573 ER PT J AU MACAULAY, AS HAHN, GL CLARK, DH SISSON, DV AF MACAULAY, AS HAHN, GL CLARK, DH SISSON, DV TI COMPARISON OF CALF HOUSING TYPES AND TYMPANIC TEMPERATURE RHYTHMS IN HOLSTEIN CALVES SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CALF HOUSING; TYMPANIC TEMPERATURE; FRACTAL DIMENSIONS ID PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; NEWBORN CALVES; DAIRY; HEALTH AB During fall, 30 Holstein calves were randomly assigned to three housing treatments from birth to weaning: conventional wooden hutches, enclosed molded polyethylene domes, and thermomolded opaque polymer hutches with ridge-top ventilation systems. The wooden and polymer hutches had outdoor pens. Fifteen calves, 5 in each housing type, were fitted with portable data loggers to record ambient (calf microclimate) and tympanic temperatures. Additional data collected included weekly girth, BW, and feed intake; blood samples were collected within 24 h of birth and at weaning (8 wk); and behavioral observations were made at 1, 4, and 7 wk of age. Polyethylene domes had the warmest microclimate, followed by wooden and polymer hutches. Feed intake, growth measurements, blood physiology, and behavior were unaffected by housing type. Diurnal tympanic temperature rhythms of neonatal dairy calves in this study were monophasic: maximums were at 1200 to 1700 h, and minimums were at 0600 to 0900 h. Computed fractal dimensions of tympanic temperature by week indicated a gradual diminishing of stress as the calves became older and acclimated to their environment. This objective characterization provides a basis for further evaluation of physiological stress and a means of improving environmental management. C1 USDA ARS,MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. UTAH STATE UNIV,LOGAN,UT 84322. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD APR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 4 BP 856 EP 862 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA QV328 UT WOS:A1995QV32800014 PM 7790576 ER PT J AU QUIGLEY, JD MARTIN, KR BEMIS, DA POTGIETER, LND REINEMEYER, CR ROHRBACH, BW DOWLEN, HH LAMAR, KC AF QUIGLEY, JD MARTIN, KR BEMIS, DA POTGIETER, LND REINEMEYER, CR ROHRBACH, BW DOWLEN, HH LAMAR, KC TI EFFECTS OF HOUSING AND COLOSTRUM FEEDING ON SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS, GROWTH, AND FECAL SCORES OF JERSEY CALVES SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DISEASE; COLOSTRUM; HOUSING; JERSEY ID DAIRY CALVES; CALF MORTALITY; ABSORPTION; PREVALENCE; MANAGEMENT; HERDS AB Ninety-six Jersey calves were used to evaluate the effects of housing and method of colostrum feeding on serum Ig concentrations, incidence and severity of scours, intake, and BW changes from birth to 35 d of age. Calves were separated from the dam and fed 2 L of colostrum in nipple-bottles or allowed to nurse the dam for 3 d. Calves were housed in individual hutches or wooden pens in a barn. Intake of colostrum by calves allowed to nurse the dam was not controlled. Serum IgG and IgM concentrations at 24 h of age were greater for calves that nursed the dam. Scours were less severe when calves were housed in hutches, but number of days scouring was unaffected by treatment. Calves fed colostrum in nipple-bottles and housed in the barn consumed more starter than did other calves from 3 to 5 wk of age. The BW were greater for calves allowed to nurse the dam and housed in hutches. Feed efficiency over the 35-d study was improved when calves nursed the dam. Optimal transfer of passive immunity and housing in hutches appeared to maximize health and growth in this study. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL VET MED,DEPT ENVIRONM PRACTICE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901. USDA ARS,DAIRY EXPT STN,LEWISBURG,TN 37091. RP QUIGLEY, JD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,INST AGR,DEPT ANIM SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901, USA. NR 29 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD APR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 4 BP 893 EP 901 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA QV328 UT WOS:A1995QV32800019 PM 7790581 ER PT J AU DIMOV, G ALBUQUERQUE, LG KEOWN, JF VANVLECK, LD NORMAN, HD AF DIMOV, G ALBUQUERQUE, LG KEOWN, JF VANVLECK, LD NORMAN, HD TI VARIANCE OF INTERACTION EFFECTS OF SIRE AND HERD FOR YIELD TRAITS OF HOLSTEINS IN CALIFORNIA, NEW-YORK, AND PENNSYLVANIA WITH AN ANIMAL-MODEL SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE LACTATION YIELDS; INTERACTION OF GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENT; RESTRICTED MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ID RESTRICTED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; GENETIC CO VARIANCES; MILK-YIELD; BEEF-CATTLE; FIELD DATA; WEANING WEIGHT; 1ST; COMPONENTS; GENOTYPE AB An animal model with a REML algorithm was used to estimate variances of additive genetic effects and interaction effects of sire and herd. Milk and fat yields were analyzed for first, second, and third lactations of Holsteins from California, New York, and Pennsylvania. Twenty samples of data were used in the study: 10 from California, 4 from New York, and 6 from Pennsylvania. Mean number of lactations per sample was 36,820 from 18,189 cows in 156 herds. Mean fractions of phenotypic variance of interaction effects of sire and herd for milk and fat yields were .015 and .019 for first lactation and .019 and .021 for all (up to three) lactations rather than the .14 used for national genetic evaluations in the US. Mean heritability estimates for milk and far yields were .26 and .24 for first lactation and .21 and .21 for all lactations in California and .34 and .35 for first lactations and .28 and .29 for all lactations in New York. Sums of variances of permanent environmental and interaction effects of sire and herd were similar to those used for national genetic evaluations in the US. Analysis of another 10 samples from California and 10 samples from New York showed only slightly different fractions of phenotypic variance for milk yield for interaction effects of sire by herd, sire by herd by year, and sire by herd by year by season: .O23, .027, and .037 for California and .023, .017, and .023 for New York, respectively. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68583. USDA ARS,ANIM IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. INST ANIM SCI,BU-2232 KOSTINBROD,BULGARIA. UNIV NACL ESTADUAL SAO PAULO,FCAVJ,DEPT MELHORAMENTO GENET ANIM,BR-14870000 JABOTICABAL,SP,BRAZIL. RP DIMOV, G (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ANIM SCI,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. RI Albuquerque, Lucia/A-7402-2013 NR 48 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD APR PY 1995 VL 78 IS 4 BP 939 EP 946 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA QV328 UT WOS:A1995QV32800025 PM 7790587 ER PT J AU DAVIS, FM JENKINS, JN AF DAVIS, FM JENKINS, JN TI MANAGEMENT OF SCALES AND OTHER INSECT DEBRIS - OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH HAZARD IN A LEPIDOPTEROUS REARING FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE LEPIDOPTERA; SCALES; MANAGEMENT ID TOBACCO BUDWORM AB Scales and other body parts of Lepidoptera are known allergens and pose a serious health hazard for workers in rearing programs. Researchers of the Crop Science Research Laboratory (USDA-ARS), located at Mississippi State, MS, have reared lepidopterous insects since the late 1960s. Efforts have been made by them to continuously improve management of the moth scale problem and reduce allergic reactions suffered by workers. We developed strategy that requires a separate facility for housing the moth colonies, oviposition cages that facilitate exit of scales and other debris, an improved air filtration system, and sanitation procedures. The strategy used currently (coined ALERT for Advanced Lepidoptera Environmental Rearing Technology) for scale management efficiently minimizes this serious occupational hazard. RP DAVIS, FM (reprint author), USDA ARS, CROP SCI RES LAB, POB 5367, MISSISSIPPI STATE, MS 39762 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 185 EP 191 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700001 PM 7722080 ER PT J AU GREENSTONE, M AF GREENSTONE, M TI BOLLWORM OR BUDWORM - SQUASHBLOT IMMUNOASSAY DISTINGUISHES EGGS OF HELICOVERPA-ZEA AND HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BUDWORM; BOLLWORM; PYRETHROIDS AB Management of pyrethroid resistance in the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), requires some means to distinguish it from the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, preferably at the egg stage. The subtle morphological differences that have been described are not useful for field identification. Eggs squashed on nitrocellulose membranes can be unambiguously distinguished by a rapid assay that uses a monoclonal antibody to H. ten egg homogenate. Use of the assay to identify eggs in the field would provide the data needed to make a decision on whether or not to spray pyrethroids. Adoption of a resistance management strategy employing the assay in this fashion would delay the development of pyrethroid resistance in H. virescens, reduce wasteful spraying of pyrethroids and concomitant environmental pollution, save money otherwise lost by spraying the wrong insecticide, and enhance biological control by conserving natural enemies. RP GREENSTONE, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, BIOL CONTROL INSECTS RES LAB, COLUMBIA, MO 65203 USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700005 ER PT J AU RAKER, JE AF RAKER, JE TI STABILITY OF MALATHION RESISTANCE IN 2 HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITOIDS SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BRACON; ANISOPTEROMALUS; RESISTANCE ID LEPIDOPTERA; COLEOPTERA; MOTH AB Malathion resistance documented in a field strain of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) collected in September 1992 near Bamberg, SC, was stable after 23 generations of laboratory rearing with no selection pressure. F-23 progeny of this parasitoid strain were 2,800-fold resistant to malathion relative to a susceptible laboratory (Savannah) strain and 200-fold mole tolerant of malathion than the field strain of the insect host Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with which they were collected. Seven cycles of laboratory selection with malathion, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and pirimiphos-methyl did not increase resistance levels in the Bamberg strain of A. calandrae to these grain protectants. Malathion resistance in F-21 male and female progeny of a field strian of Bracon (Habrobracon) hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) collected in South Carolina was not significantly different from that of F-6 progeny. However, LT(50)s determined in a serial-time bioassay were 0.2-fold lower and may indicate a slight decline in resistance following 15 generations of laboratory rearing. Little is known about the mechanisms or genetics of the malathion resistance in these two parasitoids. Nevertheless, the stability of the resistances documented in this study particularly in A, calandrae, will facilitate the incorporation of these parasitoid strains into integrated biological-chemical control programs for stored-product insect pests. C1 USDA ARS,STORED PROD INSECTS RES & DEV LAB,3401 EDWIN ST,SAVANNAH,GA 31405. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 232 EP 236 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700008 ER PT J AU BAKER, JE ARBOGAST, RT AF BAKER, JE ARBOGAST, RT TI MALATHION RESISTANCE IN-FIELD STRAINS OF THE WAREHOUSE PIRATE BUG (HETEROPTERA, ANTHOCORIDAE) AND A PREY SPECIES TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA, TENEBRIONIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE STORED PRODUCTS; PREDATOR; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; WHEAT AB A filter paper bioassay was used to determine sensitivity of laboratory strains of the warehouse pirate bug, Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter), and one of its prey, larvae of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), to malathion. LD(50)s for adult X. flavipes were estimated to be 51.4 mu g (AI) per filter for males and 45.9 mu g (AI) per filter for females. Larvae from a laboratory strain of T. castaneum with a mean weight of 0.42 +/- 0.01 mg, similar to the weight of adult X. flavipes, had an LD(50) Of 15.0 mu g (AI) per filter. The predator X. flavipes was 4.3- and 10.2-fold more tolerant of malathion than laboratory strains of the parasitoids Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Bracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), respectively, F-3-F-5 progeny of a field strain of X. flavipes collected from a bin of corn on a farm near Blackville, SC, in May and June 1993 were 33-fold (males) and 31-fold (females) resistant to malathion, relative to the laboratory strain, at the LD(50). Triphenyl phosphate, a carboxylesterase inhibitor, in combination with the LD(99) Of malathion for the susceptible laboratory strain, abolished the resistance in both males and females. Larvae of T. castaneum with a mean weight of 0.37 +/- 0.01 mg collected from the Blackville farm (F-2 progeny) were estimated to be approximate to 740-fold resistant to malathion. We discuss development of the naturally occurring malathion resistance in X. flavipes, a generalist predator in the stored-product ecosystem, in terms of the preadaptation and food limitation hypotheses. RP BAKER, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS,STORED PROD INSECTS RES & DEV LAB,3401 EDWIN ST,SAVANNAH,GA 31405, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 241 EP 245 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700010 ER PT J AU SHAPIRO, M VAUGHN, JL AF SHAPIRO, M VAUGHN, JL TI ENHANCEMENT IN ACTIVITY OF HOMOLOGOUS AND HETEROLOGOUS BACULOVIRUSES INFECTIOUS TO COTTON BOLLWORM (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) BY AN OPTICAL BRIGHTENER SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HELICOVERPA ZEA; INSECT VIRUSES; OPTICAL BRIGHTENER ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; AUTOGRAPHA-CALIFORNICA LEPIDOPTERA; ALFALFA LOOPER; HELIOTHIS-ARMIGER; CABBAGE-LOOPER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MORTALITY; HOSTS; ZEA AB The nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) from H. zea (HzSNPV) was the most active virus tested against cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa (Heliothis) zea (Boddie) larvae (LC(50) = 130 PIB per 30-ml cup) followed by MNPVs from the celery looper, Autographa falcifera (Kirby), (AfMNPV; LC(50) = 2,100 PIB per 30-ml cup), the MNPV from the bollworm, H. armigera (Hubner) (HaMNPV; LC(50) = 4,800 PIB per 30-ml cup), the MNPV from the wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.) (GmMNPV; LC(50) = 6,500 PIB per 30-ml cup), and the MNPV from the alfalfa looper, Autographa californica (Speyer) (AcMNPV; LC(50) = 7,500 PIB per 30-ml cup). The addition of a selected brightener (Tinopal LPW) reduced the LC(50)s for HzSNPV by 8.7-fold, for AfMNPV by 13.1-fold, for HaMNPV by 25.3-fold, for GmMNPV by 2.1-fold, and for AcMNPV by 50.0-fold. The addition of Tinopal LPW significantly decreased the LT(50)s by 31.3% (AfMNPV), 30.5% (HaMNPV), 34.9% (GmMNPV), 28.9% (AcMNPV) but only decreased the LT(50) for HzSNPV by 4.5%. Despite the addition of Tinopal LPW, H. zea larvae infected with AfMNPV, HaMNPV, GmMNPV, and AcMNPV died 1.2, 4.3, 2.6, and 3.5 d, respectively, later than larvae infected with HzSNPV alone. RP SHAPIRO, M (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 41 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 265 EP 269 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700014 ER PT J AU GIBSON, DM GALLO, LG KRASNOFF, SB KETCHUM, REB AF GIBSON, DM GALLO, LG KRASNOFF, SB KETCHUM, REB TI INCREASED EFFICACY OF BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS SUBSP KURSTAKI IN COMBINATION WITH TANNIC-ACID SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; NOCTUIDAE; TANNIC ACID ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; DIGESTIBLE CARBOHYDRATE; SCHISTOCERCA-GREGARIA; HELIOTHIS-ZEA; BOMBYX-MORI; LEPIDOPTERA; LARVAE; PROTEIN; MIDGUT AB We identified tannic acid as an inexpensive additive that increased the efficacy of sublethal concentrations of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Berliner). Tannic acid mimicked the active constituents contained in an aqueous, tannin-rich extract of Taxus baccata (L.) bark that retarded development of Heliothis virescens (F.) larvae at 10,000 ppm; most larvae remained in first and second stage when treated with 250-10,000 ppm of tannic acid. Instar development of Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) larvae was affected in a concentration-dependent manner by 2.5-500 ppm of tannic acid. In subsequent bioassays, tannic acid at 25-500 ppm in combination with B. thuringiensis (1.63 mu g [AI]/ml diet) yielded mean mortalities of 57-75%, whereas treatments with B. thuringiensis alone produced 10% mortality. Mean mortalities in the 3.0, 4.5, and 6.75 mu g (AI) B. thuringiensis per milliliter of diet treatments (5.5, 8.0 and 30%, respectively) were significantly higher in the presence of 250 and 2,500 ppm tannic acid; in these treatments we observed 78-94% mortality. Addition of tannic acid increased the activity of concentrations of 3-4.5 mu g (AI) B. thuringiensis per milliliter of diet to approximately that of a concentration of 13 mu g (AI) B. thuringiensis per milliliter of diet alone (85-95% mortality). Although deaths caused by a formulation of B. thuringiensis + tannic acid occurred more slowly than with high rates of B. thuringiensis alone, such formulations would have the advantages of arresting development, minimizing foliar damage, and decreasing the concentration of B. thuringiensis used. RP GIBSON, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS,US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,PLANT PROTECT RES UNIT,TOWER RD,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 47 TC 34 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 270 EP 277 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700015 PM 7722082 ER PT J AU LEESCH, JG AF LEESCH, JG TI FUMIGANT ACTION OF ACROLEIN ON STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FUMIGANT; GRAIN; DISINFESTATION AB Acrolein was investigated as a fumigant for the control of stored-product insects. When exposed in space, confused flour beetle adults, Tribolium confusum Jacqueline duVal, cigarette beetle adults, Lasioderma serricorne (F.), and black carpet beetle larvae, Attagenus unicolor (Brahm), were killed by doses of acrolein that were lower than corresponding doses of methyl bromide. However, experiments done in grain showed that when acrolein was applied in the headspace, high doses were required to kill insects in the geometric center of the mass. In contrast, when acrolein was applied to the surface and the grain was mixed to distribute the compound, insects exposed in the grain were killed by much lower doses than when the grain was not mixed. Sorption of the acrolein on wheat was also investigated to determine the amount of compound available to insects in the interstitial spaces of the grain during a 24-h treatment. Because of the sorption characteristics of acrolein, it may have only limited use as a fumigant. C1 USDA ARS,STORED PROD INSECTS RES & DEV LAB,3401 EDWIN ST,SAVANNAH,GA 31405. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 326 EP 330 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700023 ER PT J AU WALLNER, WE HUMBLE, LM LEVIN, RE BARANCHIKOV, YN CARDE, RT AF WALLNER, WE HUMBLE, LM LEVIN, RE BARANCHIKOV, YN CARDE, RT TI RESPONSE OF ADULT LYMANTRIID MOTHS TO ILLUMINATION DEVICES IN THE RUSSIAN FAR-EAST SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LYMANTRIA DISPAR; LYMANTRIA MONACHA; LYMANTRIA MATHURA ID REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; MALE GYPSY MOTHS; DISPAR L; PHEROMONE RESPONSE; OLEFIN PRECURSOR; LEPIDOPTERA; ENANTIOMERS; TRAPS; CUES AB In field studies in the Russian Far East, five types of illuminating devices were evaluated for attracting adult gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), pink gypsy moth, L. mathura Moore, and nun moth, L. monacha (L.). Our objective was to determine if light from commercial lamps suited to out-of-doors floodlighting could be modified to reduce their attractiveness to moths without a reduction of illumination. During 17 nights of tests, fluorescent blacklight lamps captured significantly more adults than either phosphor mercury or high-pressure sodium lamps, Captures were slightly higher for phosphor mercury than high-pressure sodium lamps but both were unattractive to all three lymantriids after the addition of filters that blocked spectral emissions <480 nm. Daily temporal periodicity, based on adult captures at lights, resulted in distinct activity patterns for the three lymantriids. Peak activity for L. dispar was between 2300 and 0100 hours; for L. mathura, 0100-0300 hours; and 0300-0500 hours for L. monacha. Temporal activity patterns suggest that L. dispar and L. monacha possess nonoverlapping diel rhythms, whereas L. mathura overlaps broadly with both L. dispar and L. monacha. C1 FORESTRY CANADA,PACIFIC FORESTRY CTR,VICTORIA,BC V8Z 1M5,CANADA. OSRAM SYLVANIA,SALEM,MA 01970. VN SUKACHEV INST FOREST,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT ENTOMOL,AMHERST,MA 01003. RP WALLNER, WE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,NE CTR FOREST HLTH RES,NE FOREST EXPT STN,51 MILL POND RD,HAMDEN,CT 06514, USA. NR 31 TC 34 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 9 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700025 ER PT J AU BYERS, RA AF BYERS, RA TI FACTORS AFFECTING REARING OF CLOVER ROOT CURCULIO (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) IN CONE CONTAINERS SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SITONA HISPIDULUS; CLOVER ROOT CURCULIO; REARING ID SITONA; LARVAE AB A rearing technique for clover root curculio, Sitona hispidulus (F.), was developed using legumes growing in cone containers in the growth chamber. Eight factors were tested for their effect on rearing clover root curculio from egg to adult: (1) sterilization of egg surfaces, (2) egg infestation rate, (3) egg age, (4) plant growth media, (5) plant age at time of infestation, (6) watering schedule, (7) legume species and infestation rate with eggs or larvae, and (8) number of holes for infesting plants with larvae. The four most important factors for improving larval growth and survival of adults were as follows: (1) egg infestation rate, (2) egg age, (3) sterilization of egg surfaces with either laundry bleach or ethanol or both followed by a sterile water rinse, and (4) a pear-vermiculite mixture as a plant growth medium. Legume species (white clover [Trifolium repens L.], red clover [T. pratense L.], and alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]), watering schedules (two, three, or seven times a week), and number of holes for placing larvae in the soil had little or no impact on survival. Survival was improved by using eggs rather than larvae to infest plants. Five or more eggs per plant increased abnormalities in adults. Usually, insect survival was reduced with increasing number of eggs (10 or more per plant). Taproot injury increased with increasing numbers of eggs, but not larvae, per plant. There was 30-50% recovery of males and females. Previously published methods reported only a maximum of approximate to 20% survival from egg to adult. RP BYERS, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,US REG PASTURE RES LAB,PASTURE SYST & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RES UNIT,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 407 EP 414 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700034 ER PT J AU ELDEN, TC KENWORTHY, WJ AF ELDEN, TC KENWORTHY, WJ TI PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES OF AN INSECT-RESISTANT SOYBEAN LINE TO LIGHT AND NUTRIENT STRESS SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EPILACHNA VARIVESTIS; POTASSIUM; SOYBEAN RESISTANCE ID MEXICAN-BEAN-BEETLE; PLANTS; DEFOLIATION; COLEOPTERA; FIELD; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHEMISTRY; FIXATION; LOOPER AB Optimum or higher levels of soil potassium have been implicated with a decline in the incidence of disease and insect pests in several plant species. Light intensity is recognized as an important environmental factor that influences plant morphological and physiological logical processes. The objectives of this field-cage study were to determine the effects of soil potassium levels and reduced light intensities on the insect resistance and growth characteristics of a Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis Mulsant, resistant soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., line and to evaluate foliar concentrations of 12 nutrients in plants grown under the imposed physiological stresses. The soybean line MBB 85-116 was grown on a Matapeake silt loam soil during 1989, 1900, and 1991. Variables were three rates of soil K and three levels of light, obtained through the use of field cages (3.66 m(2)) and shade cloth. Field cages were infested with Mexican bean beetle adults at a rate of 5-8 beetles per 0.3 m of row. Soil ii, Mg, Ca, and pH were significantly higher at the high K rate. Potassium was the only measured foliar nutrient significantly greater at the high K rate. Elevated levels of soil potassium had no effect on Mexican bean beetle feeding damage and little effect on seed yield. Reduced light and increased Mexican bean beetle feeding damage resulted in significant changes in concentrations of 10 foliar nutrients. However, none of the foliar nutrients was directly associated with Mexican bean beetle resistance. A 58% reduction in light resulted in a 63% increase in Mexican bean beetle feeding damage. These results indicated that the factors responsible for insect resistance in MBB 85-116 are altered by light intensity. RP ELDEN, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BLDG 467,BARC-E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 430 EP 436 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QR177 UT WOS:A1995QR17700037 ER PT J AU YONCE, CE AF YONCE, CE TI PHYSICAL BARRIERS AS A MEANS TO REDUCE GRAPE ROOT BORER, VITACEA-POLISTIFORMIS (HARRIS), INFESTATIONS IN VINEYARDS AND IN GREENHOUSE MUSCADINE PLANTS SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SESIIDAE; VITACEA POLISTIFORMIS; PHYSICAL BARRIERS; GROUND CLOTHS; LARVAE; MUSCADINE ID LEPIDOPTERA; SESIIDAE AB Grape root borer, Vitacea polistiformis (Harris), larval populations were apparently reduced in an old abandoned muscadine vineyard when physical barriers (ground cloth) and other methods were used in a 3-yr test. Statistical differences among treatments for any one year did not exist, but overall larval counts were statistically lower at the end (1991) than at the beginning (1989) of the test. Weed Barrier, a ground cloth, was consistently effective in reducing neonate larval penetration by 42 - 45% in potted muscadine ('Fry') plants in the greenhouse during studies in 1990 and 1992. Also, significantly fewer larvae became established in roots of plants in the weed barrier treatment than in the no-barrier treatment. An experimental woven polypropylene was less effective. RP YONCE, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE FRUIT & TREE NUT RES LAB,111 DUNBAR RD,BYRON,GA 31008, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 237 EP 242 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QY490 UT WOS:A1995QY49000007 ER PT J AU BELL, MR AF BELL, MR TI EFFECTS OF AN ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE AND A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS ON EMERGENCE OF HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE PEST MANAGEMENT; TOBACCO BUDWORM; BACULOVIRUS; INSECT; NEMATODE ID EARLY-SEASON WILD; ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; HOST; MISSISSIPPI; DELTA AB Cage tests were conducted during the 1993 growing season to determine the effect of incorporating an entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema riobravis) in soil under cotton on subsequent emergence of tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (L.). When soil under seedling cotton was treated with 240K nematodes per m(2) on 13 May, the number of moths emerging in cages was reduced by an average of 66%, compared to the untreated control, for at least 21 days following application. When a similar rate was applied on soil under mature cotton on 12 July, the number of moths emerging in treated cages after developing as larvae on the plants was 57% less over a 39 d period compared to the untreated control. In another cage study, application of the nematodes on wild geranium, Geranium dissectum L., an early-season host of tobacco budworms and cotton bollworms, Helicoverpa tea (Boddie), reduced adult emergence by 36% compared to untreated areas, whereas a single application of baculovirus from the celery looper (600 billion polyhedra per ha) reduced the emergence by 56%. In this latter test, adult emergence was further reduced (73% less than control) when a whitening agent was added to the virus application. These studies indicate than an entomopathogenic nematode, and the use of a whitening agent with baculovirus, might be useful in tobacco budworm management programs. RP BELL, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO INSECT RES LAB,POB 346,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 243 EP 250 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QY490 UT WOS:A1995QY49000008 ER PT J AU COOK, SP WEBB, RE AF COOK, SP WEBB, RE TI PREDATION OF EARLY-INSTAR GYPSY-MOTH LARVAE BY A GENERALIST PREDATOR, ANATIS-LABICULATA (SAY) (COLEOPTERA, COCCINELLIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Note DE LYMANTRIA DISPAR; ANATIS LABICULATA; PREDATION RP COOK, SP (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BLDG 402,BARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 258 EP 261 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QY490 UT WOS:A1995QY49000010 ER PT J AU CARPENTER, JE AF CARPENTER, JE TI ICHNEUMON PROMISSORIUS (ERICHSON) (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE) - FACTORS AFFECTING FECUNDITY, OVIPOSITION, AND LONGEVITY SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; PARASITOID; HELICOVERPA ZEA ID LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; ABUNDANCE; HELIOTHIS; CORN AB Ichneumon (=Pterocormus) promissorius (Erichson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumomidae), a native of Australia, is a pupal parasitoid which searches the soil surface for host pupation sites, burrows into a pupal gallery, and oviposits in the host pupa. Fecundity and rate of oviposition were influenced by the mating status of females, the host from which females developed, and the frequency in which females were exposed to hosts. Virgin females continued laying eggs many days after mated females had stopped. A preoviposition period of 17 d in mated females did not affect the oviposition curve or the number of eggs laid, suggesting that the oogenesis is arrested until female wasps are exposed to host pupae. Female wasps exposed to pupae for 24 h every fifth day lived longer than female wasps continuously exposed to pupae. However, females that were continuously exposed to pupae laid more eggs. Virgin females reared on Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) pupae laid fewer eggs than virgin females reared on Helicoverpa tea (Boddie) pupae. These data will be important in evaluating the potential of I. promissorius as a biological control agent for pest species in the United States and will be useful in developing laboratory rearing procedures for I. promissorius. RP CARPENTER, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 279 EP 286 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QY490 UT WOS:A1995QY49000013 ER PT J AU TEDDERS, WL AF TEDDERS, WL TI BISSELL,THEODORE,LEMUEL (1899-1992) - IN-MEMORIAM SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Item About an Individual RP TEDDERS, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE FRUIT & TREE NUT RES LAB,BYRON,GA 31008, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 30 IS 2 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QY490 UT WOS:A1995QY49000015 ER PT J AU SHOGREN, RL AF SHOGREN, RL TI POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE)-COATED GRANULAR STARCH-POLY (HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-HYDROXYVALERATE) COMPOSITE-MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLYMER DEGRADATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Bio/Environmentally-Degradable-Polymer-Society 3rd National Meeting CY JUN 06-08, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA SP Bio Environm Degradable Polym Soc DE STARCH; POLYESTER; POLYETHYLENE OXIDE; MECHANICAL ID BLENDS; DEGRADATION AB Granular cornstarch was coated with several biodegradable polymers in an effort to improve the mechanical properties of starch-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) composites. Only samples containing poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-coated granular starch showed a large improvement in tensile properties over uncoated starch. For example, a 50/50 blend of PEO-coated starch and PHBV had a tensile strength of 19 MPa and an ultimate elongation of 23%, compared to 10 MPa and 11% for a similar blend containing uncoated starch. PEO may act as an adhesive between the starch and the PHBV and/or increase the toughness and resistance to crack growth of PHBV around the starch granules. RP SHOGREN, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PLANT POLYMER RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 8 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1064-7546 J9 J ENVIRON POLYM DEGR JI J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. PD APR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.1007/BF02067483 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA RK326 UT WOS:A1995RK32600003 ER PT J AU KOTNIS, MA OBRIEN, GS WILLETT, JL AF KOTNIS, MA OBRIEN, GS WILLETT, JL TI PROCESSING AND MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE POLY(HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-VALERATE)-STARCH COMPOSITIONS SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLYMER DEGRADATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Bio/Environmentally-Degradable-Polymer-Society 3rd National Meeting CY JUN 06-08, 1994 CL BOSTON, MA SP Bio Environm Degradable Polym Soc DE POLY(HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-VALERATE); STARCH; BLENDS; PROCESSING; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ID STARCH; BEHAVIOR; BLENDS AB Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV) is a completely biodegradable thermoplastic polyester produced by microbial fermentation. The current market price of PHBV is significantly higher than that of commodity plastics such as polyethylene and polystyrene. It is therefore desirable to develop low-cost PHBV based materials to improve market opportunities for PHBV. We have produced low-cost environmentally compatible materials by blending PHBV with granular starch and environmentally benign CaCO3. Such materials can be used for specific applications where product biodegradability is a key factor and where certain mechanical properties can be compromised at the expense of lower cost. The inclusion of granular starch (25 wt%) and CaCO3 (10 wt%) in a PHBV matrix (8% HV, 5% plasticizer) reduces the cost by approximately 40% and has a tensile strength of 16 MPa and flexural modulus of 2.0 Gpa, while the unfilled PHBV/plasticizer matrix has a tensile strength of 27 MPa and a flexural modulus of 1.6 GPa. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. ZENECA BIO PROD,BIOPOLYMER GRP,WILMINGTON,DE 19720. NR 15 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 10 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1064-7546 J9 J ENVIRON POLYM DEGR JI J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. PD APR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 97 EP 105 DI 10.1007/BF02067485 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA RK326 UT WOS:A1995RK32600005 ER PT J AU IMAM, SH GORDON, SH BURGESSCASSLER, A GREENE, RV AF IMAM, SH GORDON, SH BURGESSCASSLER, A GREENE, RV TI ACCESSIBILITY OF STARCH TO ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION IN INJECTION-MOLDED STARCH-PLASTIC COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLYMER DEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE STARCH DEGRADATION; STARCH-PLASTIC; COMPOSITE; STARCH HYDROLYSIS; AMYLASE(S) ID LACTOBACILLUS-AMYLOVORUS; MARINE SHIPWORM; FILMS; BACTERIUM; ADHESION AB Most of the starch in starch-polyethylene-co-acrylic acid (EAA)-polyethylene (PE) composites prepared by injection molding was not accessible to starch-hydrolyzing enzymes. Even when these composites were treated with enzyme in the presence of Triton X-100 for 96 h, little starch hydrolysis was observed. However, when the starch-plastic material was pulverized, both the extent and the rate of starch hydrolysis increased dramatically, with about 70% hydrolysis of the starch within 18 h. Reactions carried out for up to 96 h showed that, while the enzyme was active, the reaction reached a plateau, achieving a total of 80% starch hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that only starch, and not EAA or PE, was affected by enzyme in pulverized samples. Results indicated that while 80% of the starch in these composites was transiently inaccessible, perhaps due to EAA and PE forming an impermeable barrier to the enzyme, the other 20% remained inaccessible to enzymes. Also, the rate of starch digestion as determined by solubilized reducing sugar correlated with the particle size of the pulverized material, suggesting that a large available surface area is critical for rapid starch degradation in such composites. RP IMAM, SH (reprint author), USDA ARS, NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES, BIOPOLYMER RES UNIT, 1815 N UNIV ST, PEORIA, IL 61604 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1064-7546 J9 J ENVIRON POLYM DEGR JI J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. PD APR PY 1995 VL 3 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1007/BF02067486 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA RK326 UT WOS:A1995RK32600006 ER PT J AU MILLER, W MILLER, J AF MILLER, W MILLER, J TI BARN FIRE-PREVENTION SO JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Conference on Equine Rescue CY FEB 11-12, 1995 CL SOUTHERN PINES, NC RP MILLER, W (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL VET MED,US FOREST SERV,4700 HILLSBOROUGH ST,RALEIGH,NC 27606, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAM E JONES DVM PI LAKE ELSINORE PA 20225 GRAND AVE, LAKE ELSINORE, CA 92330 SN 0737-0806 J9 J EQUINE VET SCI JI J. Equine Vet. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 162 EP 164 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QW367 UT WOS:A1995QW36700010 ER PT J AU PALUMBO, SA CALL, JE SCHULTZ, FJ WILLIAMS, AC AF PALUMBO, SA CALL, JE SCHULTZ, FJ WILLIAMS, AC TI MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES FOR GROWTH AND VEROTOXIN PRODUCTION BY HEMORRHAGIC STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE VEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ISOLATION; PSYCHROTROPHIC GROWTH ID HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME; O157-H7; DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COLIFORMS; OUTBREAK AB The influence of temperature on growth and verotoxin production by Escherichia coli strains was studied in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth both in shake cultures at various temperatures and in a temperature-gradient incubator. All strains of E. coli surveyed grew from at least 10 to 45 degrees C, with some strains growing at 8 degrees C. Verotoxin production (determined using the Vero cell-assay system) was a function of both temperature and time, with the highest titers produced at temperatures supporting the fastest growth (based on days to visible turbidity) and highest viable cell counts. However, for strains producing verotoxin, toxin production was detected at any temperature supporting growth. Three strains (of 16 tested) increased 1000-fold in viable count in 4 to 6 days at 10 degrees C. The data presented here indicate that most E. coli strains surveyed can easily grow at ca. 10 degrees C and thus suggest the potential for growth in temperature-abused refrigerated foods. RP PALUMBO, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 28 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1995 VL 58 IS 4 BP 352 EP 356 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA QV770 UT WOS:A1995QV77000001 ER PT J AU FAN, YY RICKE, SC SCANLAN, CM NISBET, DJ VARGASMOSKOLA, AA CORRIER, DE DELOACH, JR AF FAN, YY RICKE, SC SCANLAN, CM NISBET, DJ VARGASMOSKOLA, AA CORRIER, DE DELOACH, JR TI USE OF DIFFERENTIAL RUMEN FLUID-BASED CARBOHYDRATE AGAR MEDIA FOR CULTURING LACTASE-SELECTED CECAL BACTERIA FROM CHICKENS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE DIFFERENTIAL MEDIA; RUMEN FLUID; CECAL BACTERIA ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM COLONIZATION; DIETARY LACTOSE; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; INTESTINAL FLORA; BROILER CHICKS; MICROFLORA; CECUM AB A rumen fluid-based differential carbohydrate agar medium for enumerating chicken cecal carbohydrate-utilizing bacteria was tested. Eleven bacteria isolated from a continuous-flow culture that had been seeded with chicken cecal contents were inoculated on fifteen different media in an anaerobic environment. These media included various levels of numen fluid (0%, 5%, 10%, 16%) and carbohydrate (glucose [GLU], galactose [GAL], lactose[LAC]). Viable cell recovery (colony-forming units [CFU]/direct cell counts x 100%) was higher for 16% rumen fluid-supplemented carbohydrate media than the lower concentrations of rumen fluid-supplemented carbohydrate media. In addition, average viable cell recovery of all 11 bacteria on differential carbohydrate media were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in galactose and lactose media than on the glucose media. Data indicated that 16% rumen-fluid based media can be used to enumerate anaerobic, lactose-fermenting subgroups of chicken cecal bacteria. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT POULTRY SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1995 VL 58 IS 4 BP 361 EP 367 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA QV770 UT WOS:A1995QV77000003 ER PT J AU SHIELDS, FD GIPPEL, CJ AF SHIELDS, FD GIPPEL, CJ TI PREDICTION OF EFFECTS OF WOODY DEBRIS REMOVAL ON FLOW RESISTANCE SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID STREAMS; RIVER; HABITAT; FISH AB A Simple technique for predicting the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor for river channels with varying amounts of large woody debris was developed. First, debris density is determined based on measurement or visual estimation of cross-sectional areas of debris formations in the plane perpendicular to flow. The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor is then computed using debris density, channel geometry, and the debris drag coefficient. The debris drag coefficient may be computed from a power function with experimentally determined coefficients. For verification of the proposed procedure, debris density and friction factors were measured in river reaches in western Tennessee, and southeastern New South Wales, Australia. Friction factors computed using the procedure were within 30% of measured values for straight, sand-bed reaches and within 38% of measured values for sinuous, gravel-bed reaches. The computational procedure explained 84% of the variance in observed values. RP SHIELDS, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SEDIMENTAT LAB,POB 1157,OXFORD,MS 38655, USA. NR 57 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 19 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 1995 VL 121 IS 4 BP 341 EP 354 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1995)121:4(341) PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA QN675 UT WOS:A1995QN67500004 ER PT J AU WERMAN, MJ BARAT, E BHATHENA, SJ AF WERMAN, MJ BARAT, E BHATHENA, SJ TI GENDER, DIETARY COPPER AND CARBOHYDRATE SOURCE INFLUENCE CARDIAC COLLAGEN AND LYSYL OXIDASE IN WEANLING RATS SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE COPPER; COLLAGEN; HEART; LYSYL OXIDASE; RATS ID HIGH-FRUCTOSE DIET; DEFICIENT RATS; MYOCARDIAL HYPERTROPHY; CROSS-LINKING; HEART; SEVERITY; ELASTIN; ACIDS; IONS; IV AB The present investigation was conducted to determine the effects of consumption of diets containing fructose or cornstarch on cardiac collagen metabolism in weanling male and female rats fed copper-deficient or copper-adequate diets for 5 wk. Although both male and female rats that consumed the copper-deficient diet containing fructose were similarly copper deficient, only the males showed severe cardiac pathologies and two died prematurely due to heart-related abnormalities. These pathologies were accompanied by a significant reduction of cardiac lysyl oxidase activity and elevated soluble and total cardiac collagen concentrations compared with rats fed copper-adequate diets. These abnormalities were less severe in copper-deficient rats fed cornstarch. The data show that the activity of the copper-containing enzyme lysyl oxidase is affected by both dietary carbohydrate and gender. The pathologies of heart tissue could be the result of abnormal crosslinking of collagen induced by the combination of copper deficiency, fructose feeding and the sex of the rats. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,METAB & NUTRIENT INTERACT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1995 VL 125 IS 4 BP 857 EP 863 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QR204 UT WOS:A1995QR20400007 PM 7722687 ER PT J AU LINDSAY, DS LENZ, SD COLE, RA DUBEY, JP BLAGBURN, BL AF LINDSAY, DS LENZ, SD COLE, RA DUBEY, JP BLAGBURN, BL TI MOUSE MODEL FOR CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM NEOSPORA-CANINUM INFECTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Note ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; APICOMPLEXA INFECTIONS; PROTOZOA; MICE; ENCEPHALITIS; BRADYZOITES; RESISTANCE; DOGS AB Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that causes severe disease in transplacentally infected dogs and abortions in domestic ruminants. Rodent models of neosporosis rely on treatment of hosts with methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) to enhance infections. The present study reports the development of an inbred BALB/c mouse model that results in central nervous system neosporosis in the absence of MPA treatment. Seven of 12 BALB/c mice died 26-70 days after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation with tachyzoites of the NC-1 strain of N. caninum, and none of 12 BALB/c mice died after s.c. inoculation with tachyzoites of the NC-3 strain. None of 8 HSD:ICR mice (4 mice, NC-1 strain; 4 mice, NC-3 strain) developed clinical neosporosis or died after s.c. inoculation with tachyzoites. Control BALB/c (2) and HSD:ICR (2) mice s.c. inoculated with Hanks' balanced salt solution did not develop clinical signs of disease. Some mice in all N. caninum-inoculated groups had brain lesions, but significantly (P < 0.05) more BALB/c mice inoculated with the NC-1 strain had brain lesions. C1 USDA,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP LINDSAY, DS (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT PATHOBIOL,AUBURN,AL 36849, USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 17 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 81 IS 2 BP 313 EP 315 DI 10.2307/3283943 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA QR337 UT WOS:A1995QR33700032 PM 7707216 ER PT J AU SADRZADEH, SMH MEYDANI, M KHETTRY, U NANJI, AA AF SADRZADEH, SMH MEYDANI, M KHETTRY, U NANJI, AA TI HIGH-DOSE VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION HAS NO EFFECT ON ETHANOL-INDUCED PATHOLOGICAL LIVER-INJURY SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; RATS; HEPATOCYTES; TOXICITY; PATHOGENESIS; METABOLISM; FIBROSIS; FAT AB The effect of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T) supplementation on ethanol-induced liver damage was studied. The intragastric feeding rat model was used in this study. Both normal and alpha-T supplemented animals (3125 IU/kg body weight) were fed liquid diet and ethanol for 1 mo. In pair-fed animals, ethanol was isocalorically replaced by dextrose. The blood ethanol level in the ethanol-fed groups was between 150 to 350 mg/dl. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes. Liver damage was assessed by light microscopy. Overall, chronic ethanol treatment resulted in increase in TBARS and conjugated dienes in both normal (60% and 35%, P<.01, respectively) and alpha-T-supplemented groups (50% and 47%, P<.01, respectively). In animals receiving either dextrose or ethanol and regular diet, there was a significant inverse correlation between liver alpha-T and TBARS (r = 0.88, P<0.01) and conjugated dienes (r = -0.75, P<.05). In contrast, in the vitamin E-supplemented rats, a significant positive correlation was observed between liver alpha-T, TBARS (r = 0.78, P<.01) and conjugated dienes (r = 0.87, P<.01). Of major significance is that alpha-T supplementation had no effect on ethanol-induced pathological changes in the liver. In conclusion, these results show that in the intragastric feeding model, alpha-T supplementation had no protective effect on ethanol-induced liver damage. C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,ANTIOXIDANT RES LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA. RP SADRZADEH, SMH (reprint author), NEW ENGLAND DEACONESS HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,M323,185 PILGRIM RD,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 1995 VL 273 IS 1 BP 455 EP 460 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QT226 UT WOS:A1995QT22600059 PM 7714801 ER PT J AU SCHARF, PC ALLEY, MM AF SCHARF, PC ALLEY, MM TI NITROGEN LOSS INHIBITORS EVALUATED FOR HUMID-REGION WHEAT PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article AB Applied N fertilizer can be lost from the crop root zone by several pathways, reducing agronomic efficiency and causing environmental problems. One approach that has been suggested to reduce N losses is to mix compounds with the N fertilizer that inhibit some steps in the loss pathway. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of five potential inhibitors (ammonium polyphosphate [APP], ammonium thiosulfate [ATS], dicyandiamide [DCD], monoammonium phosphate [MAP], and KCl), singly and in combinations, on yield and N uptake of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a humid climate. A total of four experiments were established over 2 yr in which spring N topdress applications were made either as urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution or as UAN solution mixed with inhibitors. All treatments gave a total spring application rate of 60 lb N/acre. Yields exceeded 90 bu/acre in three of the experiments and reached 70 bu/acre in the fourth. Nitrogen rate treatments were also applied in each experiment to determine the N-responsiveness of each site. Large yield responses to applied N occurred at three of the experimental locations. Treatments that reduced fertilizer N lasses would thus be expected to translate into increased yield at those three locations. However, none of the inhibitors tested increased yield or N uptake in any experiment despite ideal conditions for N loss (ammonia volatilization the first year, leaching and denitrification loss the second year), good uniformity in our experiments, and our use of eight replications for selected treatments in the second year. In one experiment with 100 bu/acre yields, we could have detected a 3.3 bu/acre yield increase, which would have required only 8 lb/acre additional N to achieve. This implies that no inhibitor reduced N loss by as much as 8 lb/acre in this experiment, which was conducted on a sandy soil and received 8 in. of rain within 4 wk of treatment application. While it is possible that some treatments gave yield increases below our limits of detection, even if this happened it would be cheaper in almost all cases to achieve this yield increase by applying a small amount of additional N than by using an inhibitor. RP SCHARF, PC (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOIL PLANT NUTR RES UNIT,POB E,FT COLLINS,CO 80522, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 8 IS 2 BP 269 EP 275 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QV679 UT WOS:A1995QV67900019 ER PT J AU LEIGHTON, JK CANNING, S GUTHRIE, HD HAMMOND, JM AF LEIGHTON, JK CANNING, S GUTHRIE, HD HAMMOND, JM TI EXPRESSION OF CYTOCHROME-P450 1A1, AN ESTROGEN HYDROXYLASE, IN OVARIAN GRANULOSA-CELLS IS DEVELOPMENTALLY-REGULATED SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIDE-CHAIN CLEAVAGE; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; DIOXIN RECEPTOR; RAT; GENE; ACTIVATION; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; 2-HYDROXYLATION; DIFFERENTIATION; DEXAMETHASONE AB In this paper we report the analysis of porcine ovarian granulosa cells for the expression of several known hepatic estrogen hydroxylase RNAs. Of the P450s examined, only CYP 1A1 RNA was detected. Accordingly, the regulation of this mRNA was studied. The RNA for CYP 1A1 was dramatically and completely induced within 2 hours after exposure of immortalized granulosa cells to 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) and expression could be inhibited with 10 mu M phorbol myristate acetate. This message was also inducible by 3MC in cultured primary granulosa cells isolated from immature and developing follicles. Dexamethasone increased the relative expression of CYP 1A1 RNA in 3MC treated cells. In the absence of 3MC, the CYP 1A1 message was expressed in cultured granulosa cells from developing but not immature follicles, indicating developmental regulation of this enzyme. Further support for developmental regulation was provided by studies which detected the appearance of CYP 1A1 RNA during growth of ovarian follicles in vivo. This is the first report identifying a specific P450 estrogen hydroxylase RNA in ovarian granulosa cells. C1 USDA,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP LEIGHTON, JK (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL DIABET & METAB,500 UNIV DR,HERSHEY,PA 17033, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD-25034] NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1016/0960-0760(94)00185-O PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA QU638 UT WOS:A1995QU63800008 PM 7734403 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, TW PARAJULEE, MN WEAVER, DK AF PHILLIPS, TW PARAJULEE, MN WEAVER, DK TI TOXICITY OF TERPENES SECRETED BY THE PREDATOR XYLOCORIS-FLAVIPES (REUTER) TO TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM (HERBST) AND ORYZAEPHILUS-SURINAMENSIS (L) SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TERPENES; COLEOPTERA; TENEBRIONIDAE; CUCUJIDAE; NATURAL PRODUCTS ID ESSENTIAL OILS; COLEOPTERA; BRUCHIDAE; LAMIACEAE AB Four terpene alcohols, linalool, geraniol, alpha-terpineol, and nerol, which are compounds produced by Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter), were tested for toxicity against adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L,) using a Petri dish assay. Dose-response studies were conducted for each compound singly and in a combination that mimicked the concentrations of these volatiles in exocrine secretions of X, flavipes, Linalool and alpha-terpineol were toxic to T, castaneum in a dose-dependent fashion, but geraniol and nerol were not toxic during the 24 h bioassay, The mixture of the four compounds was several times less toxic than linalool and alpha-terpineol for T, castaneum, even when exposed to large amounts, All four terpene alcohols and the mixture were toxic to O, surinamensis, with alpha-terpineol proving most toxic and Linalool the least toxic, Toxic effects of linalool and alpha-terpineol against O, surinamensis occurred within very narrow ranges, suggesting the possibility of a threshold concentration, Variation in toxicity among similar compounds and between insect species for the same compounds should be examined in studies that assess terpenoids for toxicity against stored-product insects. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ENTOMOL,USDA ARS,STORED PROD INSECT RES UNIT,MADISON,WI 53706. USDA ARS,STORED PROD INSECTS RES & DEV LAB,SAVANNAH,GA 31405. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 2 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.1016/0022-474X(94)00047-W PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RB003 UT WOS:A1995RB00300005 ER PT J AU MOTIL, KJ THOTATHUCHERY, M BAHAR, A MONTANDON, CM AF MOTIL, KJ THOTATHUCHERY, M BAHAR, A MONTANDON, CM TI MARGINAL DIETARY-PROTEIN RESTRICTION REDUCED NONPROTEIN NITROGEN, BUT NOT PROTEIN NITROGEN, COMPONENTS OF HUMAN-MILK SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE HUMAN MILK; MILK COMPOSITION; NITROGEN; AMINO ACIDS; LACTATION; HUMAN ID BREAST-MILK; LACTATION PERFORMANCE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; MATERNAL DIET; AMINO-ACID; MOTHERS; WOMEN; SUPPLEMENTATION; QUALITY; RATS AB Objective: This study was designed to determine whether marginal dietary protein intakes of lactating women alter their milk production and composition. The study followed the observation that marginal dietary protein intakes lead to significantly negative nitrogen balances in these women. Methods: Twenty-four healthy, mature lactating women were divided evenly into three groups on the basis of postpartum times; 1, 5, or 12 months. Each woman was given a controlled protein diet of either 1.5 (HP) or 1.0 (MP) g/kg body weight/day for 7 to 10 days. Milk production was measured for 72 hours by test weighing the infant before and after feeding. Milk samples from alternate breasts were collected for 24 hours, pooled, and analyzed for their protein nitrogen, nonprotein nitrogen, free and protein-bound amino acid, and lactoferrin concentrations. Results: Reduced dietary protein intakes were associated with a decrease (p < 0.05) in the nonprotein nitrogen and total free amino acid fractions of milk. Although urea was unaffected, the concentrations of milk free leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, and ornithine were lower (p < 0.05) in the MP than in the HP group, while the output of leucine and histidine tended to be lower in the MP group. The amount of milk produced, as well as the amounts of protein nitrogen, protein-bound amino acid, and lactoferrin and their concentrations were unaffected by a reduction of dietary protein. Conclusions: Maternal milk production and the protein nitrogen, but not the nonprotein nitrogen, fraction of human milk were relatively well-preserved in the presence of a short-term, marginal reduction of dietary protein. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,HOUSTON,TX. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00188-25]; NICHD NIH HHS [5R01-HD-21049-02-05]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 28129] NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD APR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 2 BP 184 EP 191 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QP092 UT WOS:A1995QP09200013 PM 7790694 ER PT J AU FOGLIA, TA SONNET, PE AF FOGLIA, TA SONNET, PE TI FATTY-ACID SELECTIVITY OF LIPASES - GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID FROM BORAGE OIL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE BORAGE OIL; FATTY ACID SELECTIVITY; GEOTRICHUM CANDIDUM; IMMOBILIZATION; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; LIPASE ID NRRL Y-553 LIPASE; GEOTRICHUM-CANDIDUM; SPECIFICITY; PURIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS AB The gamma-linolenic acid (Z,Z,Z-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, CLA) present in borage oil free fatty acids was concentrated in esterification reactions that were catalyzed by several preparations of the acyl-specific lipase of Geotrichum candidum. In this manner, a 95% recovery of the CLA originally present in borage oil (25% CLA) was obtained as a highly enriched fatty acid fraction with a GLA content of >70%. Other fatty acids concentrated in this fraction were the monounsaturated fatty acids with chainlengths of C-20 and longer that were present in the oil. An immobilized preparation of G. candidum on silica gel also was used for the enrichment of GLA in borage oil. In this instance, a 75% recovery of GLA was obtained, and the supported lipase was reusable (three cycles) with minimal loss in activity. RP FOGLIA, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 417 EP 420 DI 10.1007/BF02636081 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QT720 UT WOS:A1995QT72000004 ER PT J AU WAN, PJ PAKARINEN, DR AF WAN, PJ PAKARINEN, DR TI COMPARISON OF VISUAL AND AUTOMATED COLORIMETER FOR REFINED AND BLEACHED COTTONSEED OILS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE AUTOMATED COLORIMETER; COTTONSEED OIL; LOVIBOND; VISUAL COLOR; WESSON METHOD AB Color as a fundamental quality of edible oils has been determined primarily by visual comparison. The automatic colorimeters introduced recently made it possible to avoid op erator variability associated with visual color measurement. The feasibility of using an automatic colorimeter, Colourscan, to measure the color of refined and bleached cottonseed oils was investigated. Good agreement, r(2) = 0.99, between automatic color readings vs. visual color measurement by using the Lovibond-AOCS Color Scale was obtained. Near-linear correlation of light paths from 133.4 to 2.5 mm permits dark oil to be assessed with the automatic colorimeter. RP WAN, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,1100 ROBERT E LEE BLVD,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 455 EP 458 DI 10.1007/BF02636088 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QT720 UT WOS:A1995QT72000011 ER PT J AU PIAZZA, GJ NUNEZ, A AF PIAZZA, GJ NUNEZ, A TI OXIDATION OF ACYLGLYCEROLS AND PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES BY SOYBEAN LIPOXYGENASE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ACYLGLYCEROL; DEOXYCHOLATE; FATTY ACID; GLYCINE MAX; HYDROPEROXIDE; LIPOXYGENASE; PHOSPHOGLYCERIDE ID OXYGENATION AB Lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) catalyzes the incorporation of oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids, resulting in the formation of their corresponding hydroperoxides. The ability of a commercial preparation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) lipoxygenase to catalyze the oxidation of acylglycerols and phosphoglycerides was investigated. The oxidation rate of trilinolein increased nearly 100% when 5 mM deoxycholate was added to the reaction medium. With further increases in the concentration of deoxycholate, the oxidation rate decreased slightly. The pH profile of trilinolein oxidation was bell-shaped. The rate of oxidation was maximal at pH 8, and it decreased to near zero at pH 5 and pH 11. Even under optimal conditions, the rate of trilinolein oxidation was only 3% of that of linoleic acid, and analysis of time course data showed that, at mast, 15% of available linoleate was oxidized. In contrast to the slow rate of trilinolein oxidation, tested phosphoglycerides and diacylglycerols were oxidized at moderate rates. The rate of phosphoglyceride oxidation depended upon the structure of the polar head group and varied between 7-28% of the rate of linoleic acid oxidation. Diacylglycerols reacted at a rate that was 40% of that of linoleic acid. Analysis of the time course of 1,3-dilinolein oxidation showed that as much as 67% of the available linoleate could be converted to the corresponding hydroperoxide. Analyses by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that more than 20% of the 1,3-dilinolein was converted to unidentified products that are not hydroperoxides. RP PIAZZA, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. OI Piazza, George/0000-0003-4896-4928 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 463 EP 466 DI 10.1007/BF02636090 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QT720 UT WOS:A1995QT72000013 ER PT J AU SINGLETON, JA STIKELEATHER, LF AF SINGLETON, JA STIKELEATHER, LF TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF PEANUT PHOSPHOLIPIDS .1. INJECTION SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUS CONCENTRATION AND SEPARATION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE HPLC; INJECTION SYSTEM; PEANUTS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; TRACE COMPOUNDS ID FREEZE DAMAGE; TEMPERATURE AB This paper discusses the details of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous concentration and separation of phospholipids or other trace compounds by direct oil injection using two different solvent systems. The system equilibrates and concentrates phospholipids on a silica column using hexane. At the same time, an analytical column is equilibrating and separating phospholipids using two binary solvent mixtures. This system eliminates a preconcentration step previously accomplished by solid-phase extraction, open-column chromatography, and other previously used methodology. Other advantages include: a 40% reduction in analysis time, elimination of a second transfer of labile compounds, decreased solvent use, and a simpler array of solvents to separate phospholipids. The method described has broader applications, such as trace organic compounds in water supplies, and trace metals with appropriate modifications for the particular analysis. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP SINGLETON, JA (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,280 WEAVER BLDG,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 481 EP 483 DI 10.1007/BF02636094 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QT720 UT WOS:A1995QT72000017 ER PT J AU SINGLETON, JA STIKELEATHER, LF AF SINGLETON, JA STIKELEATHER, LF TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF PEANUT PHOSPHOLIPIDS .2. EFFECT OF POSTHARVEST STRESS ON PHOSPHOLIPID-COMPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIPIDS; PEANUTS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; STRESS ID OIL; PHOSPHORUS AB Peanuts are harvested in late September, and sometimes the harvest season can extend through most of October. When weather patterns delay harvest, the result may cause an immature crop, curing problems, rain damage, and freeze damage. All of the above stress situations can affect oil quality and flavor of the peanuts by altering phospholipid composition. Such changes are related to refining problems as well as flavor problems. A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for the analysis of phospholipids from postharvest stressed peanuts. The concentrations of phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were higher in immature seed when compared to mature seed. A slight increase in concentration was observed for phosphaltidylglycerol (PC), and a decrease in phosphatidylinositol occurred in immature peanuts. All phospholipids increased in concentration except PG when peanuts were cured at a high temperature (40 degrees C). When peanut seeds were frozen at -16 degrees C (before curing), a significant increase in concentration was observed for PA and PG, whereas the concentrations of PC and PE decreased to very low levels when compared to the control. Where concentration permitted, molecular species were separated on a reverse-phase column by HPLC. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP SINGLETON, JA (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,280 WEAVER BLDG,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 16 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 485 EP 488 DI 10.1007/BF02636095 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QT720 UT WOS:A1995QT72000018 ER PT J AU GREIG, B ROSSOW, KD COLLINS, JE DUBEY, JP AF GREIG, B ROSSOW, KD COLLINS, JE DUBEY, JP TI NEOSPORA-CANINUM PNEUMONIA IN AN ADULT DOG SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TISSUE-SECTIONS; INFECTION AB Neospora caninum was identified in a lung aspirate specimen from an adult dog with severe pneumonia. Neosporosis was tentatively diag nosed by cytologic examination of a Wright-Giemsa-stained smear of the aspirate specimen, using light microscopy. The infection was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination of a section of lung tissue obtained al necropsy. Neosporosis is usually a fatal ascending neurologic disease of dogs less than 1 year of age. Neospora caninum infections are uncommon in adult dogs and do not have a consistent clinical course. The disease in the dog of this report was unique because the dog had clinical respiratory tract disease and because preliminary diagnosis was made by cytologic examination. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR E,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP GREIG, B (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,COLL VET MED,VET DIAGNOST LAB,ST PAUL,MN 55108, USA. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 1995 VL 206 IS 7 BP 1000 EP 1001 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QN869 UT WOS:A1995QN86900016 PM 7768704 ER PT J AU PAYNE, JA BERLOCHER, SH AF PAYNE, JA BERLOCHER, SH TI DISTRIBUTION AND HOST PLANTS OF THE BLUEBERRY MAGGOT FLY, RHAGOLETIS-MENDAX (DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE) IN SOUTHEASTERN NORTH-AMERICA SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POMONELLA; RACES AB To better determine the geographic range, pattern of host plant usage and phenology of Rhagaletis mendux, the blueberry maggot By, an extensive set of rearings from fruit of Vaccinium and Gaylussacia (Ericaceae) species was made, primarily from natural populations of these host plants. Collecting focused on the relatively unstudied southeastern United States, although fruit collections as far north as Michigan and as far west as Texas were made. The known range of the blueberry maggot By has been extended west to the Ozark Plateau, and the fly is now known to be much more widely distributed in southeastern North America than previously thought. Although R. mendax infests many species of Vaccinium and Gaylussacia in the northernmost part of its range, in most of its range it infests almost exclusively V. stamineum (deerberry). The relatively inflexible diapause characteristics of R. mendax may contribute to this restriction in host plant usage. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ENTOMOL,URBANA,IL 61801. RP PAYNE, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE FRUIT & TREE NUT RES LAB,111 DUNBAR RD,BYRON,GA 31008, USA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RQ283 UT WOS:A1995RQ28300002 ER PT J AU HARMAN, JL CALVIN, DD BYERS, RA AF HARMAN, JL CALVIN, DD BYERS, RA TI RESPONSE OF ALFALFA, MEDICAGO-SATIVA, L, TO SEQUENTIAL FEEDING BY THE POTATO LEAFHOPPER, EMPOASCA-FABAE (HARRIS) (HOMOPTERA, CICADELLIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; DISRUPTION; INJURY AB Growth chamber and field studies indicate that initial potato leafhopper feeding on alfalfa alters the plant's response to subsequent feeding. Growth chamber comparisons made on different stems of the same plant at a 72 hr interval had consistently higher damage ratings at the second insect exposure. Comparisons of different plants receiving one versus two 72 hr insect exposures also showed greater damage on the second exposure though differences were not as dramatic. Field trials on different plants supported growth chamber studies in that plants receiving two insect exposures had greater damage. Differences in the plant's ability to recover from one versus two insect exposures were apparent only in the same plant studies. A plant whose stem did not recover from the first exposure would be unlikely to recover from a second. C1 USDA ARS,NAA,US REG PASTURE RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 2 BP 159 EP 168 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RQ283 UT WOS:A1995RQ28300005 ER PT J AU HAMMACK, L HESLER, LS AF HAMMACK, L HESLER, LS TI SEASONAL RESPONSE TO PHENYLPROPANOID ATTRACTANTS BY NORTHERN CORN-ROOTWORM BEETLES (COLEOPTERA, CHRYSOMELIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIABROTICA COLEOPTERA; VOLATILE ATTRACTANTS; EUGENOL; ANALOGS AB Attraction of adult northern corn rootworms, Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence, to yellow sticky traps baited with one of a series of structurally related phenylpropanoids (100 mg/trap) was examined by sex at four stages of crop development in two commercial maize fields in South Dakota. Attractant treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design during favorable weather in 1993 when maize stage was late vegetative (V10+, 8/2-8/4, Field 1), silking (R1, 8/11-8/13, Field 1), late blister to early milk (R2-R3, 8/24-8/26, Fields 1 and 2) and late milk to early dough (R3-R4, 9/1-9/3, Fields 1 and 2). Significant attraction to phenylpropanoid-baited traps occurred during all maize stages tested, except silking (R1), when counts of beetles on plants and direct observation of beetle activity nevertheless indicated the continued presence of northern corn rootworm adults. The highest captures occurred late season (R3-R4). Females were generally more responsive than males, considering their lower numbers on control traps. Ranking of the relative attractiveness of the test compounds to females was similar across seasons (silking omitted) and fields: cinnamyl alcohol greater than or equal to 3-phenyl-1-propanol and hydrocinnamaldehyde (phenylpropanaldehyde) greater than or equal to trans-cinnamaldehyde greater than or equal to 4-propylphenol. Ranking was also similar between sexes, although only the first three compounds attracted significantly more males than did controls. Neither sex found 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol attractive. RP HAMMACK, L (reprint author), USDA ARS,NO GRAIN INSECTS RES LAB,BROOKINGS,SD 57006, USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 2 BP 169 EP 177 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RQ283 UT WOS:A1995RQ28300006 ER PT J AU SPRINGER, TL AF SPRINGER, TL TI FUNGUS GNAT (DIPTERA, SCIARIDAE) FEEDING DAMAGE TO LEGUME SEEDLINGS SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note AB Fungus gnat, Bradysia sp., larvae have been widely reported as nuisance pests of greenhouse-grown ornamentals and several held crops. Although damage to seedlings has been described, no reports have been made that describe fungus gnat feeding damage at the tissue level. The objective of this study was describing fungus gnat larvae feeding damage on stem and root tissues of crimson clover, Trifolium incarnatum L., seedlings at the microscopic level. Photomicrographs of longitudinal sections of the feeding site showed that fungus gnat larvae consumed the tissues of the epidermis and the cortex; however, the lignified tissues of the vascular cylinder were not eaten. In transverse sections of stem and root segments next to the feeding site the epidermis had a wavy appearance. This discernible variation in the stem and root anatomy was possibly due to wilting of the seedling. Wilting can cause thin cell walls, as of parenchyma cell, to collapse. Areas of collapsed parenchyma cell were observed in the cortex region of the stem and root. Similar fungus gnat damage symptoms have been observed at the macroscopic level in seedlings of other legume species. It is suspected that similar damage occurs at the microscopic level as well. RP SPRINGER, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS,S CENT FAMILY FARM RES CTR,6883 S STATE HIGHWAY 23,BOONEVILLE,AR 72927, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 68 IS 2 BP 240 EP 242 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RQ283 UT WOS:A1995RQ28300016 ER PT J AU YOUNGBLOOD, A AF YOUNGBLOOD, A TI DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS IN YOUNG CONIFER-HARDWOOD FORESTS OF INTERIOR ALASKA SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BETULA PAPYRIFERA; FOREST DEVELOPMENT; FOREST DYNAMICS; PICEA GLAUCA; POPULUS TREMULOIDES; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SUCCESSION AB The age structure and growth patterns of 53 young conifer-hardwood stands on upland, south-facing sites of interior Alaska were analyzed to determine the length of time for stand establishment after disturbance, the composition of early-successional stands compared to existing stands, and the potential for late-successional stands dominated by conifers. Mixed stands of Picea glauca, Populus tremuloides and Betula papyrifera represented five plant community types and developed as single cohorts after stand-replacement fires. In the Populus tremnloides/Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and Populus tremuloides/Shepherdia dia canadensis community types, hardwoods established rapidly and Picea glauca established slowly. In contrast, stands in the Betula papyrifera-Populus tremuloides/Viburnum edule, Betula papyrifera-Populus tremuloides/Alnus crispa, and Picea glauca-Betula papyrifera/Hylocomium splendens community types,generally developed as a result of rapid, concurrent establishment of conifers and hardwoods. These single-cohort, mixed species development patterns are not consistent with continual establishment of conifers and are likely the result of unique life-history traits and frequent stand-replacement fires. RP YOUNGBLOOD, A (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,SILVICULTURE LAB,1027 NW TRENTON AVE,BEND,OR 97701, USA. RI Youngblood, Andrew/A-8762-2009 OI Youngblood, Andrew/0000-0001-5976-0838 NR 0 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB PI KNIVSTA PA APELSINVAGEN 47, S 741 00 KNIVSTA, SWEDEN SN 1100-9233 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 6 IS 2 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.2307/3236218 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RE142 UT WOS:A1995RE14200009 ER PT J AU SEAL, BS HOUSE, JA WHETSTONE, CA NEILL, JD AF SEAL, BS HOUSE, JA WHETSTONE, CA NEILL, JD TI ANALYSIS OF THE SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG SAN-MIGUEL SEA LION VIRUS AND VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE VIRUS ISOLATES - APPLICATION OF THE WESTERN-BLOT ASSAY FOR DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES IN SWINE SERA TO THESE VIRUS TYPES SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article AB Caliciviruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a single capsid protein. The serotypes of the marine mammal calicivirus, San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV), are antigenically related to vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV) and are potentially hazardous to swine. Western blot assays using purified SMSV serotypes 1 and 4 were used to further examine the serologic relationship among SMSV and VESV isolates. With the exception of SMSV 8 and SMSV 12, rabbit polyclonal antisera generated against all the available SMSV and VESV isolates reacted positively, as assessed by western blot, with purified capsid protein from SMSV 1 and SMSV 4. Consequently, the SMSV 8 and SMSV 12 virus isolates may not be members of the SMSV/VESV calicivirus group. Using antisera from pigs experimentally inoculated with SMSV and VESV as positive controls, a western blot assay for these virus types was utilized to check for the presence of antibodies to caliciviruses in swine sera. Sera from colostrum-deprived gnotobiotic pigs were used as a negative control in all experiments. Examination of sera from domestic and feral swine collected in Iowa, California, and Florida was completed using this technique. The presence of antibodies to these virus types was not detected in any of the porcine sera tested. C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,VIROL CATTLE RES UNIT,AMES,IA 50010. USDA,ANIM PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,FOREIGN ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,GREENPORT,NY 11944. RP SEAL, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,VIROL SWINE RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI COLUMBIA PA PO BOX 6023, COLUMBIA, MO 65205 SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD APR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 2 BP 190 EP 195 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QW374 UT WOS:A1995QW37400004 PM 7619900 ER PT J AU ARADAIB, IE AKITA, GY PEARSON, JE OSBURN, BI AF ARADAIB, IE AKITA, GY PEARSON, JE OSBURN, BI TI COMPARISON OF POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AND VIRUS ISOLATION FOR DETECTION OF EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE VIRUS IN CLINICAL-SAMPLES FROM NATURALLY INFECTED DEER SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article AB We compared our recently reported reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay for detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) in clinical samples with different virus isolation (VI) procedures. Thirty-six blood samples and 1 spleen sample from deer were assessed by the EHDV PCR assay and VI in baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cells and embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). The EHDV PCR assay detected EHDV RNA from 6 blood samples obtained from deer during 1988-1989 outbreaks of epizootic hemorrhagic disease and from the spleen and blood samples of a deer with clinical hemorrhagic disease in 1992. The 6 blood samples from the 1988-1989 outbreaks and the spleen sample from the 1992 case were VI positive on BHK-21 cell culture. The blood from the same deer with the PCR- and VI-positive spleen was VI negative in BHK-21 cells and ECE. All EHDV isolates were identified as EHDV serotype 2 by a plaque inhibition test. The results of this study indicate that the sensitivity of the previously described EHDV PCR assay is comparable to or greater than that of the VI method in BHK-21 cell culture or ECE. The EHDV PCR assays could provide a superior diagnostic alternative to the current cumbersome and time-consuming VI procedures. C1 USDA,NATL VET SERV LABS,AMES,IA 50010. RP ARADAIB, IE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOL MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI COLUMBIA PA PO BOX 6023, COLUMBIA, MO 65205 SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD APR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 2 BP 196 EP 200 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QW374 UT WOS:A1995QW37400005 PM 7619901 ER PT J AU KATZ, JB SHAFER, AL MILLER, JM AF KATZ, JB SHAFER, AL MILLER, JM TI PRODUCTION OF ANTISERUM FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SCRAPIE AND BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY USING A BACULOVIRUS-EXPRESSED PRION PROTEIN ANTIGEN SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. RP KATZ, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,NATL VET SERV LABS,VET SERV,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI COLUMBIA PA PO BOX 6023, COLUMBIA, MO 65205 SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD APR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 2 BP 245 EP 247 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QW374 UT WOS:A1995QW37400013 PM 7619908 ER PT J AU SHAIKH, B JACKSON, J THAKER, NH AF SHAIKH, B JACKSON, J THAKER, NH TI NEOMYCIN RESIDUES IN KIDNEYS OF ORALLY DOSED NON-RUMINATING CALVES DETERMINED BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY-METHODS SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Note C1 USDA,FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,DIV MICROBIOL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP SHAIKH, B (reprint author), US FDA,BARC E,CTR VET MED,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0140-7783 J9 J VET PHARMACOL THER JI J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therapeutics PD APR PY 1995 VL 18 IS 2 BP 150 EP 152 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1995.tb00569.x PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Veterinary Sciences SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Veterinary Sciences GA QR796 UT WOS:A1995QR79600011 PM 7629930 ER PT J AU BERINSTEIN, A ROIVAINEN, M HOVI, T MASON, PW BAXT, B AF BERINSTEIN, A ROIVAINEN, M HOVI, T MASON, PW BAXT, B TI ANTIBODIES TO THE VITRONECTIN RECEPTOR (INTEGRIN ALPHA(V)BETA(3)) INHIBIT BINDING AND INFECTION OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS TO CULTURED-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; RHINOVIRUS RECEPTOR; CELLULAR RECEPTOR; RGD; ATTACHMENT; ADHESION; ADENOVIRUS; PROTEIN; SITE; VP1 AB The amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) is highly conserved on the VP1 proteins of different serotypes and subtypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and is essential for cell attachment. This sequence is also found in certain extracellular matrix proteins that bind to a family of cell surface receptors called integrins. Within the Picornaviridae family, human enterovirus coxsackievirus A9 also has an RGD motif on its VP1 capsid protein and has recently been shown to utilize the vitronectin receptor integrin alpha(v) beta(3) as a receptor on monkey kidney cells. Competition binding experiments between type A(12) FMDV and coxsackievirus A9 using BHK-21 and LLC-MK2 cells revealed shared receptor specificity between these two viruses. Polyclonal antiserum to the vitronectin receptor and a monoclonal antibody to the alpha(v) subunit inhibited both FMDV binding and plaque formation, while a monoclonal antibody to the beta(3) subunit inhibited virus binding. In contrast, antibodies to the fibronectin receptor (alpha(5) beta(1)) or to the integrin (alpha(v) beta(5)) had no effect on either binding or plaque formation. These data demonstrate that the alpha(v) beta(3) vitronectin receptor can function as a receptor for FMDV. C1 USDA ARS,PLUM ISL ANIM DIS CTR,FOOT & MOUTH DIS VIRUS RES UNIT,GREENPORT,NY 11944. NATL PUBL HLTH INST,ENTEROVIRUS LAB,HELSINKI,FINLAND. NATL PUBL HLTH INST,MOLEC BIOL UNIT,HELSINKI,FINLAND. NR 33 TC 246 Z9 280 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 2664 EP 2666 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA QL683 UT WOS:A1995QL68300089 PM 7533862 ER PT J AU QUIST, CF DUBEY, JP LUTTRELL, MP DAVIDSON, WR AF QUIST, CF DUBEY, JP LUTTRELL, MP DAVIDSON, WR TI TOXOPLASMOSIS IN WILD TURKEYS - A CASE-REPORT AND SEROLOGIC SURVEY SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Note DE TOXOPLASMOSIS; TOXOPLASMA GONDII; WILD TURKEY; MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; CASE REPORT AB Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a free-ranging wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) from West Virginia (USA) in June 1993. Gross findings included emaciation, splenomegaly, multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, and crusting dermatitis on the head and neck. Histologically, multifocal necrosis with mononuclear inflammation was present in kidney, liver, spleen, heart, lungs, and pancreas. Toxoplasma gondii was confirmed in sections of liver by avidin-biotin immunohistochemical analysis. Subsequently, a retrospective serosurvey of wild turkeys for T. gondii antibodies was conducted using turkey sera collected between 1984 and 1989. An antibody prevalence of 10% was detected in 130 birds from 21 locations in the southeastern United States. While wild turkeys in the Southeast have T. gondii antibodies, this is only the second natural case of fatal toxoplasmosis reported; it appears that wild turkeys infrequently develop clinical disease when infected with T. gondii. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,ZOONOT DIS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP QUIST, CF (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,COLL VET MED,SE COOPERAT WILDLIFE DIS STUDY,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 11 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 2 BP 255 EP 258 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QU267 UT WOS:A1995QU26700022 PM 8583648 ER PT J AU BUCHANAN, JB IRWIN, LL MCCUTCHEN, EL AF BUCHANAN, JB IRWIN, LL MCCUTCHEN, EL TI WITHIN-STAND NEST-SITE SELECTION BY SPOTTED OWLS IN THE EASTERN WASHINGTON CASCADES SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE CASCADE MOUNTAINS; FIRE; HABITAT; MIXED CONIFER FOREST; NEST SITES; NORTHERN SPOTTED OWL; STRIXOCCIDENTALIS; WASHINGTON ID WESTERN OREGON; DOUGLAS-FIR; FOREST AB We describe 83 nest sites (0.2-ha areas) of northern spotted owls (Strix ocidentalis caurina) in mixed conifer forests on the eastern slope of the Cascade Mountains, Washington. Approximately 74% of the nest sites were in forests in intermediate stages of succession, and 27% were in old-growth forests (median = 122 yr, range 54-700 yr). Most sites were naturally regenerated after fire, but 23% of the nest sites had been partially harvested greater-than-or-equal-to 40 years ago. We tested the hypothesis that habitat structure does not influence nest site selection within forested stands, because such knowledge would aid conservation strategies that may include silvicultural prescriptions for creating future habitat. We compared habitat characteristics at 62 nest sites with those at 62 random sites within the same forest stands. Compared with random sites, spotted owl nest sites had canopies of dominant and/or codominant and intermediate trees that were farther aboveground (P = 0.02 and 0.07, respectively), more 35-60-cm-dbh (diam at breast height) Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) trees (P = 0.03), greater basal area of Douglas-fir trees (P = 0.02), more 61-84-cm-dbh ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) trees (P = 0.03), greater live tree basal area (P = 0.09), greater basal area of Class IV snags (broken snags with no branches and little bark; P < 0.001), less basal area of a group of relatively uncommon conifer species (P = 0.02), fewer 10-34-cm-dbh uncommon conifer species (P = 0.08), and less basal area of Class I and II snags (intact or nearly intact snags with branches and most bark remaining; P = 0.08 and 0.095, respectively). Volume of coarse woody debris (P > 0.13 in all decay classes) and percent canopy closure (P = 0.45) did not differ between nest and random sites. Data support the hypothesis that nest sites are selected as part of an antipredator strategy. C1 NATL COUNCIL PAPER IND AIR & STREAM IMPROVEMENT INC,CORVALLIS,OR 97339. US FOREST SERV,WENATCHEE NATL FOREST,WENATCHEE,WA 98801. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 1995 VL 59 IS 2 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.2307/3808943 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA QT328 UT WOS:A1995QT32800013 ER PT J AU FREDRICKSON, EL ESTELL, RE HAVSTAD, KM SHUPE, WL MURRAY, LW AF FREDRICKSON, EL ESTELL, RE HAVSTAD, KM SHUPE, WL MURRAY, LW TI POTENTIAL TOXICITY AND FEED VALUE OF ONIONS FOR SHEEP SO LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SHEEP; ALLIUM CEPA; DIGESTION ID ALLIUM-CEPA; PASSAGE; MARKERS; EXTRACTION; INVITRO; STEERS; COBALT; FLUID AB The feeding, ruminal effects and potential toxicity of cull onions bulbs (Allium cepa) was compared to whole sorghum grain for growing wethers. In Expt. 1, 56 Polypay X Rambouillet wethers (avg. initial BW of 32.7 +/- 0.88 kg) were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments (dry matter basis): (1) 50% whole sorghum grain (CON); (2) 33% sorghum:17% onions (17%); (3) 17% sorghum:33% onions (33%); and (4) 50% onions (50%). The remaining 50% was pelleted alfalfa (19% CP). All wethers were group fed (seven wethers per pen; two replicates per treatment) for 6 weeks. Weight gain during the trial did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments. Packed cell volume tended to be less (P = 0.057) for the 33% and 50% onion groups during weeks 1 and 2, and was less (P < 0.0001) for the same groups during week 3 (34, 33, 29 and 29% for CON, 17, 33 and 50%, respectively). Serum lactate dehydrogenase was increased (P < 0.05) at weeks 3 and 6 in sheep on the 33% and 50% onion treatments. During Expt. 2, 15 ruminally cannulated wethers were individually fed diets similar to those Expt. 1, except onions were fed to replace sorghum grain to provide 0, 25 and 50% of the dietary DM as onions. Ruminal fluid (P > 0.05) and particulate passage (P > 0.05) were not altered by feeding onions. Water intake by drinking decreased (P < 0.0001) as percentage of onions in the diet increased, whereas total water intake (drinking and fed) increased (P < 0.0001). Effects of onions on volatile fatty acid concentrations and ruminal pH were minimal (P < 0.05), whereas ruminal ammonia-N concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in wethers fed onions. We conclude that under conditions similar to those in our study, onions can be fed safely to sheep with weight gains comparable to those from whole sorghum grain. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP FREDRICKSON, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS,LAS CRUCES,NM, USA. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-6226 J9 LIVEST PROD SCI JI Livest. Prod. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 42 IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/0301-6226(94)00066-G PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QW553 UT WOS:A1995QW55300005 ER PT J AU HAWKINS, GA TOLDO, SS BISHOP, MD KAPPES, SM FRIES, R BEATTIE, CW AF HAWKINS, GA TOLDO, SS BISHOP, MD KAPPES, SM FRIES, R BEATTIE, CW TI PHYSICAL AND LINKAGE MAPPING OF THE BOVINE GENOME WITH COSMIDS SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; ANCHOR LOCI; MAP; CATTLE; LOCALIZATION; ASSIGNMENT; MOUSE; GENES AB We have initiated a mapping strategy using cosmid clones to chromosomally anchor a high-resolution bovine genetic linkage map. Ten cosmids containing microsatellites were assigned to bovine chromosomes by fluorescence in situ suppression hybridization (FISH). Four cosmid clones, three of which contain an informative microsatellite, were assigned to autosomes 5, 13, 24, and 28. The assignment to autosome 13 anchors bovine syn tenic group U11. Two additional cosmid clones, each containing informative microsatellites, are assigned to autosomes 9 and 29, anchoring bovine linkage groups U2 and U8, respectively. Four cosmid clones, three of which contain informative microsatellites, also provide the first assignment to autosome 25, anchoring bovine syntenic group U7 and orienting the corresponding linkage group relative to the centromere. C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. ETH ZURICH,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. OI Fries, Ruedi/0000-0002-4657-1787 NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD APR PY 1995 VL 6 IS 4 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1007/BF00352410 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA QT164 UT WOS:A1995QT16400007 PM 7613028 ER PT J AU MILLIE, DF KIRKPATRICK, GJ VINYARD, BT AF MILLIE, DF KIRKPATRICK, GJ VINYARD, BT TI RELATING PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND IN-VIVO OPTICAL-DENSITY SPECTRA TO IRRADIANCE FOR THE FLORIDA RED-TIDE DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODINIUM BREVE SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE CHLOROPHYLL; CAROTENOID; STEPWISE DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; 4TH DERIVATIVE; HIGHPERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; IN VIVO ABSORPTION; RED TIDE; PHYTOPLANKTON ID MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI; CHLOROPHYLL; ABSORPTION; WATERS; BLOOM; PRYMNESIOPHYTE; CAROTENOIDS AB The lipophilic pigment content and composition and in vivo optical density (OD) spectra for batch cultures of the Florida (USA) red-tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve Davis were analyzed after exposure to irradiance treatments representative of an irradiance gradient that cells might experience in a coastal water column. Decreases in total chlorophyll (chl) content (attributable to decreases in chls a, c(1)/c(2) and c(3)) and total carotenoid content (attributable to decreases in total fucoxanthin and 19'-acylofucoxanthins, and gyroxanthin-diester) coincided with exposure to increased irradiance. The relative abundances of chi pigments remained constant whereas decreases in the relative abundances of total fucoxanthin and 19'-acylofucoxanthins, and beta-psi-carotene and an increase in the relative abundance of diadinoxanthin coincided with exposure to increased irradiance. Because gyroxanthin-diester has been observed only in a limited number of toxic dinoflagellates (of which G. breve is the only warm-water taxon), was consistently quantifiable throughout various irradiance-induced physiological states, and had a distinctive elution position and absorption maxima in the chromatographic eluent, this carotenoid may serve as a 'biomarker' for G. breve within Florida coastal waters. An analysis of variance, performed on fourth-derivative plots derived from normalized OD spectra, identified portions of the OD spectra which differed among irradiance treatments. Designated wavelengths coincided with wave crests in the fourth-derivative plots representative of absorption maxima for total chi c (460 to 468, 585 to 590 nm) and total fucoxanthin and 19'-acylofucoxanthins, and diadinoxanthin (490 to 496 nm). Stepwise discriminant analysis identified a set of 6 wavelengths (403, 541, 546, 509, 673 and 663 nm) which optimally classified OD spectra for populations among irradiance treatments. This lack of correspondence between wavelengths identified by the 2 statistical techniques was not unexpected; fourth-derivative analysis identified portions of the OD spectra where differences in the sharpness of curvature (as produced by absorption maxima of component pigments) occurred among treatments whereas discriminant analysis identified portions of the spectra which could be used to classify populations among treatments and did not necessarily have to correspond to absorption maxima. Such detectable differences in the bio-optical 'signatures' of G. breve indicate that previous light history, as manifested in the pigment component, could be incorporated into future pigment-based monitoring applications to allow for the detection and/or physiological characterization of problematic taxa prior to bloom status. C1 LOYOLA UNIV, DEPT SCI BIOL, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70118 USA. MOTE MARINE LAB, SARASOTA, FL 34236 USA. RP MILLIE, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS, SO REG RES CTR, POB 19687, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70179 USA. NR 47 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 5 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD APR PY 1995 VL 120 IS 1-3 BP 65 EP 75 DI 10.3354/meps120065 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA QY537 UT WOS:A1995QY53700006 ER PT J AU VANLOAN, MD KEIM, NL BERG, K MAYCLIN, PL AF VANLOAN, MD KEIM, NL BERG, K MAYCLIN, PL TI EVALUATION OF BODY-COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY AND 2 DIFFERENT SOFTWARE PACKAGES SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Note DE DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; BONE MINERAL CONTENT; BONE MINERAL DENSITY; SOFTWARE VERSIONS ID TISSUE; FAT; MASS; WOMEN AB Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures body composition, tissue distribution, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD). Differences are possible due to software versions. This investigation examined body composition, tissue distribution, BMC, and BMD measurements using a DXA (Lunar Corp., Madison, WI) with different software packages (versions 3.4 and 3.6R). Fifteen women, ages 20-40 yr, enrolled in a weight-loss study (body mass index = 28) and volunteered for body composition assessment by densitometry. BMC, BMD, and tissue distribution measurements were made using DXA. Results were analyzed once each with software versions 3.4 and 3.6R. BMC + total soft tissue, measured using DXA, was comparable to measured body weight (3.4 = 76.3 kg; 3.6R = 76.5 kg; weight = 76.5 kg). Lower BMC and BMD (5.5% and 1.8%, P < 0.01) were observed with 3.6R. Arm tissue mass was lower (1,530 g; P < 0.01) and fat declined (1,069 g; P < 0.01) with 3.6R. Leg tissue mass decreased 487 g (P < 0.01), but fat tissue increased (526 g, P < 0.01) with 3.6R. A larger fat mass (1,492 g) and lower lean mass (1,115 g) were observed with 3.6R compared with 3.4. Percent fat values by densitometry using DXA 3.4 and 3.6R were 38.1%, 39.9, and 41.9%, respectively. These results demonstrated differences in total body composition, lean and fat tissue distribution, and bone measurements from DXA software versions. C1 UNIV BONN, DEPT AGR, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. RP VANLOAN, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR, POB 29997, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94129 USA. NR 18 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 4 BP 587 EP 591 PG 5 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA QT369 UT WOS:A1995QT36900018 PM 7791591 ER PT J AU BERTHOLD, HK REEDS, PJ KLEIN, PD AF BERTHOLD, HK REEDS, PJ KLEIN, PD TI ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION OF ARGININE AND PROLINE SYNTHESIS IN MAN SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE; AMINO-ACIDS; YOUNG MEN; KINETICS; METABOLISM; ESSENTIALITY; GLUTAMINE; GLYCINE; GLUCOSE; LEUCINE AB Arginine and proline derive from the metabolism of Delta(1)-pyrolline-5-carboxylate, a product of intestinal glutamic acid metabolism. We studied the extent of glutamate, arginine, and proline synthesis in four adult fed and fasted women. The subjects ingested a single dose of a mixture of uniformly (U)-C-13-labeled amino acids and carbohydrate of algal origin. Frequent blood samples were taken for 24 hours. All the mass isotopomers of plasma lysine, glutamate + glutamine (GLX), arginine, and proline were measured using negative chemical ionization, selected-ion monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In this isotopic approach, the appearance of U-C-13-amino acid in the plasma reflects entry of the dietary amino acids, and the appearance of C-13 in lower mass isotopomers demonstrates synthesis of the respective amino acids by the subject. All the mass isotopomers (including [M + 4]) of GLX became enriched with C-13. We suggest that the [M + 4] isotopomer of GLX reflects synthesis of the amino acid from alpha-ketoglutarate derived from the metabolism of U-C-13 carbohydrate by the bacterial flora. Arginine labeling showed two patterns. The [M + 5] isotopomer of plasma arginine was labeled as rapidly as [M + 6] (ie, tracer) arginine, and we propose that the appearance of the [M + 5] isotopomer reflects the synthesis of citrulline from dietary [M + 5]-glutamate in first pass. The [M + 1] to [M + 3] isotopomers of arginine were also labeled for a prolonged period of time, suggesting that systemic glutamate was also a precursor for arginine synthesis. In fed subjects, only the [M + 5] isotopomer of proline was significantly labeled. Fasting was associated with increased labeling of the [M + 1] to [M + 3] isotopomers of both arginine and proline, suggesting an increase in the contribution of de novo synthesis to their plasma flux. We conclude that proline synthesis either is strictly regulated by dietary proline or is substantially compartmentalized. Copyright (C) 1995 by W.B. Saunders Company C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RI Berthold, Heiner/E-6017-2011 OI Berthold, Heiner/0000-0002-1457-2216 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD APR PY 1995 VL 44 IS 4 BP 466 EP 473 DI 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90053-5 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA QR269 UT WOS:A1995QR26900008 PM 7723669 ER PT J AU JENKINS, MC FAYER, R AF JENKINS, MC FAYER, R TI CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF CDNA-ENCODING AN ANTIGENIC CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM PROTEIN SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Note DE CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM; RECOMBINANT ANTIGEN; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS ID HYPERIMMUNE BOVINE COLOSTRUM; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; IMMUNOBLOT ANALYSIS; SCID MICE; SPOROZOITES; APICOMPLEXA; INFECTION; RESPONSES; EFFICACY; DIARRHEA C1 USDA ARS,LPSI,PARASITE IMMUNOBIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 71 IS 1 BP 149 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0166-6851(95)00050-B PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA QZ099 UT WOS:A1995QZ09900015 PM 7543182 ER PT J AU BURDSALL, HH BELTRANTEJERA, E RODRIGUEZARMAS, JL AF BURDSALL, HH BELTRANTEJERA, E RODRIGUEZARMAS, JL TI PHANEROCHAETE ANDREAE SP-NOV (APHYLLOPHORALES, BASIDIOMYCOTINA), FROM THE CANARY-ISLANDS SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE FUNGI; PHANEROCHAETE ANDREAE SP NOV; APHYLLOPHORALES; CANARY ISLANDS AB A new species, Phanerochaete andreae, found in the Canary Islands, is described, The species is characterized by broad, mostly encrusted, subicular hyphae, a subhymenium with textura intricata-porrecta, large basidia, and absence of cystidia. C1 UNIV LA LAGUNA,DEPT BIOL VEGETAL BOTAN,E-38271 LA LAGUNA,SPAIN. RP BURDSALL, HH (reprint author), USDA,CTR FOREST MYCOL RES,FOREST SERV,ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 54 BP 295 EP 298 PG 4 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA QX173 UT WOS:A1995QX17300032 ER PT J AU NAKASONE, KK BURDSALL, HH AF NAKASONE, KK BURDSALL, HH TI PHLEBIA SPECIES FROM EASTERN AND SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article ID GULF-COAST REGION; WOOD-ROTTING FUNGI; JUNIPERS AB Five species of Phlebia (Corticiaceae, Basidiomycotina) with warted or toothed hymenophores and one species with a smooth hymenophore are described and illustrated. Three new species, Phlebia floridensis, P. nantahaliensis, and P. weldeniana, are included, and a new combination, Phlebia fascicularia, is proposed. Phlebia weldeniana is the new name for the invalidly published Odontia brunnescens. Radulum vinosum, an invalid name, is placed in synonymy under P. fascicularia. In addition, Phlebia hydnoidea and P. setulosa are redescribed and illustrated. A cultural description of P. floridensis is included. RP NAKASONE, KK (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,CTR FOREST MYCOL RES,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 54 BP 335 EP 359 PG 25 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA QX173 UT WOS:A1995QX17300038 ER PT J AU SISINNI, SM EMMERICH, A AF SISINNI, SM EMMERICH, A TI METHODOLOGIES, RESULTS, AND APPLICATIONS OF NATURAL-RESOURCE ASSESSMENTS IN NEW-YORK-CITY SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB In 1985, the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service, adapted traditional scientific techniques for ecological evaluation to smaller scale applications in the highly modified and heavily impacted natural areas of New York City. Studies were conducted on individual parks and included an evaluation of each park's land-use and vegetation history and intensive surveys of vegetation. Results of these studies were used to develop a preliminary database, citywide natural resource policies, and park-specific management plans. To date, natural resource management has focused on forested acres. Park assessments revealed that forest stability and habitat quality are threatened by arson, vandalism, car dumping, landscape fragmentation, and the effects of aggressive exotic plants, chiefly vines and European maples. The primary goal of the Department of Parks and Recreation for natural area management is to maintain, and in some instances establish, contiguous naturally regulated forest plant communities that are subjected to minimal human disturbances and require minimal maintenance. Forest management work was begun in 1987 in Pelham Bay Park, Bronx, New York. A $5 million, five-year private grant has allowed work to continue in Pelham Bay Park and to expand to other forested parks throughout the city. Future inventory work will use computerized mapping and global positioning satellite techniques. RP SISINNI, SM (reprint author), SUNY COLL ENVIRONM SCI & FORESTRY,USDA,FOREST SERV,NE FOREST EXPT STN,5 MOON LIB,SYRACUSE,NY 13210, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOCIATION PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD STREET, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 2 BP 175 EP 188 PG 14 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA QW039 UT WOS:A1995QW03900010 ER PT J AU HIBBS, DE CHAN, SS CASTELLANO, M NIU, CH AF HIBBS, DE CHAN, SS CASTELLANO, M NIU, CH TI RESPONSE OF RED ALDER SEEDLINGS TO CO2 ENRICHMENT AND WATER-STRESS SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE ALNUS RUBRA; CO2; WATER USE EFFICIENCY; CLIMATE CHANGE ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ELEVATED CO2; ALNUS-RUBRA; GROWTH; NODULATION; ALLOCATION AB Red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) is a nitrogen-fixing pioneer tree species of the Pacific Northwest of North America. We investigated the response of different seed sources of red alder to elevated atmospheric CO2 and to varied levels of water stress. Seeds were stratified, germinated and grown for up to 147 d under ambient (350 mu l l(-1)) or elevated (700 mu l l(-1)) CO2. There were no significant interactions of seed source latitude with either treatment, although seedlings from more northerly sources were larger. Elevated CO2 and low moisture stress resulted in larger plants with more leaf area; effects of the two factors appeared additive. Effects of both factors on biomass allocation, including root:shoot ratios, were small or nonsignificant. Elevated CO2 decreased specific nitrogenase activity and generally increased photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (g). The ratio A:g, potential water use efficiency, also increased when plants were under water stress. Elevated CO2 appears to improve drought tolerance in red alder. Overall, these results indicate that red alder would benefit in total plant growth from increased ambient CO2 and could tolerate changes in precipitation. C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP HIBBS, DE (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT FOREST SCI,PEAVY HALL 154,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 35 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 129 IS 4 BP 569 EP 577 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03024.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QY037 UT WOS:A1995QY03700004 ER PT J AU NOYD, RK PFLEGER, FL RUSSELLE, MP AF NOYD, RK PFLEGER, FL RUSSELLE, MP TI INTERACTIONS BETWEEN NATIVE PRAIRIE GRASSES AND INDIGENOUS ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI - IMPLICATIONS FOR RECLAMATION OF TACONITE IRON-ORE TAILING SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; PHOSPHORUS RESPONSE; PRAIRIE GRASSES; MINE RECLAMATION; SUCCESSION ID BLUESTEM SCHIZACHYRIUM-SCOPARIUM; PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION; ROOT ARCHITECTURE; WARM-SEASON; SOIL; GROWTH; RESPONSES; PLANTS; COLONIZATION; COMPETITION AB In a glasshouse experiment using coarse taconite iron ore tailing as the substrate, we examined interactions between the warm-season grasses Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and Schizachyrium scoparium (little bluestem), and the cool-season grass Elymus canadensis (Canada wild rye), and indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi from an adjacent fine tailing basin. Shoot dry mass (DM), P uptake, shoot P concentration, root DM, root length, spore density, percentage root length colonized, and length of external AM fungal hyphae were measured over a gradient of phosphate availability. Andropogon gesardii was highly dependent and responsive to inoculation at low P, whereas inoculation had no significant effect on the growth of S. scoparium. Root DM and root lengths of both warm-season grasses were unaffected by mycorrhizal inoculation. Elymus canadensis was responsive only at the lowest P level and not dependent on mycorrhizas; in fact, shoot DM, P uptake, root DM and root lengths were all greater in control than inoculated plants at moderate P levels. Despite a growth suppression, colonized root lengths for E. canadensis were approximately five times longer than warm-season grasses at low P levels, making it suitable as an early succession species for increasing mycorrhizal inoculum potential and thus enhancing the successful reclamation of coarse tailing deposits by more persistent, mycorrhizal-dependent species. C1 USDA, US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR, PLANT SCI RES UNIT, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT SOIL SCI, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. RP NOYD, RK (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT PLANT PATHOL, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 129 IS 4 BP 651 EP 660 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03034.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QY037 UT WOS:A1995QY03700014 ER PT J AU APGAR, J KRAMER, TR SMITH, JC AF APGAR, J KRAMER, TR SMITH, JC TI MARGINAL VITAMIN-A INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY IN GUINEA-PIGS - EFFECTS ON IMMUNE PARAMETERS IN NEONATE SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE RETINOL; LIVER; FETUS; REQUIREMENT ID A-DEFICIENCY; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; RATS; RESTRICTION; POLYSACCHARIDE; RETINOL; PLASMA; CANCER; ZINC; MICE AB Chronic low vitamin A (vit A) intake by women of reproductive age can result in poor vit A status during pregnancy and may reduce transfer of vit A to the fetus. If vit A is required for the development of fetal immune mechanisms, immune function in the newborn could be impaired. To investigate this, female guinea pigs were fed a vit A-deficient diet for 1 mo before breeding. From the end of the depletion period until day 30 (d30) of pregnancy they were dosed orally once a week with 175 retinol equivalents (RE) vit A. From d30 until delivery (d68 +/- 2) they were dosed either at the same (175A) or a higher level, 700 (700A) or 1750 (1750A) RE/wk. After delivery neonatal lymphocytes from blood (whole blood cultures) and spleen (mononuclear cells) were tested for proliferative response by measuring incorporation of H-3-thymidine after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Responsiveness of splenic lymphocytes was not affected by treatment. However, blood lymphocytes from 175A neonates were more responsive than those from 1750A. Blood lymphocytes from 700A neonates did not differ from either the 175A or 1750A. Blood lymphocytes from female 175A neonates were less responsive to PHA than were those from males. Maternal liver vit A concentration increased with increasing dosage of vit A. Neonatal livers of 1750A contained significantly more vit A than the other two groups, which were close to the detection limit and did not differ. Although proliferation of splenic lymphocytes was not affected, the increased responsiveness of whole blood lymphocytes indicates that the immune system was affected by the low vit A intake of the dam. C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP APGAR, J (reprint author), USDA ARS,US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 545 EP 554 DI 10.1016/0271-5317(95)00022-4 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QN605 UT WOS:A1995QN60500010 ER PT J AU DULIN, A BIERI, JG SMITH, JC AF DULIN, A BIERI, JG SMITH, JC TI COPPER DEFICIENCY DOES NOT AFFECT CONVERSION OF BETA-CAROTENE TO VITAMIN-A IN RATS SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE COPPER DEFICIENCY; VITAMIN-A; BETA-CAROTENE CONVERSION; NUTRIENT INTERACTION; CAROTENOID BIOAVAILABILITY ID PLASMA; TOCOPHEROL; RETINOL; LIVER; ZINC AB The central cleavage of beta-carotene to vitamin A purportedly involves a dioxygenase that may be copper dependent. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of copper (Cu) deficiency on the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A as measured by total liver retinol. Weanling male rats, pre-depleted of vitamin A, were divided into three groups of 12: I) Cu and vitamin A deficient; II) Cu adequate and vitamin A deficient; pair-fed to group I; III) Cu adequate and vitamin A deficient, fed ad libitum. After four weeks, six animals of each group were killed and hepatic vitamin A determined for baseline (depleted) levels. beta-carotene (13.4 mg/kg) was then added to the diets, and after two weeks the rats were killed. Cu deficiency was verified by tissue analyses and by decreased activity of Cu dependent superoxide dismutase. Total liver vitamin A increased similarly in all three groups, ranging from 73-79 mu g. Large variations among animals within each group suggests a marked variability in utilization of beta-carotene. The results indicate that Cu deficiency does not affect the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A in the rat. C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NRFL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 589 EP 594 DI 10.1016/S0271-5317(95)80002-6 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QN605 UT WOS:A1995QN60500015 ER PT J AU MEYDANI, SN AF MEYDANI, SN TI VITAMIN-E ENHANCEMENT OF T-CELL-MEDIATED FUNCTION IN HEALTHY ELDERLY - MECHANISMS OF ACTION SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nutrition, Aging, and Immune Function CY NOV 03-04, 1993 CL BOSTON, MA SP Fdn Nutr Adv ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DIETARY; MICE; AGE; METABOLISM C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,NUTR IMMUNOL LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP MEYDANI, SN (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST SUBSCRIPTION OFFICE, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 1995 VL 53 IS 4 SU S BP S52 EP S58 PN 2 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA RD264 UT WOS:A1995RD26400009 PM 7644155 ER PT J AU MEYDANI, SN AF MEYDANI, SN TI FOUNDATION-FOR-NUTRITIONAL-ADVANCEMENT SYMPOSIUM - FOREWORD SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,NUTR IMMUNOL LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP MEYDANI, SN (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,SCH NUTR,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST SUBSCRIPTION OFFICE, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 1995 VL 53 IS 4 SU S BP S1 EP S2 PN 2 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA RD264 UT WOS:A1995RD26400001 ER PT J AU ABRAMS, SA RITCHIE, LD OBRIEN, KO WOODHOUSE, LR YERGEY, AL VIEIRA, NE FUNG, EB KING, JC AF ABRAMS, SA RITCHIE, LD OBRIEN, KO WOODHOUSE, LR YERGEY, AL VIEIRA, NE FUNG, EB KING, JC TI PREGNANCY AND LACTATION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN MATERNAL CALCIUM KINETICS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NICHHD, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A301 EP A301 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201787 ER PT J AU ABRAMS, SA OBRIEN, NO WEN, JP STUFF, JE LIANG, LK AF ABRAMS, SA OBRIEN, NO WEN, JP STUFF, JE LIANG, LK TI IRON-ABSORPTION IS INCREASED WHEN ADMINISTERED WITHOUT MILK TO ONE-YEAR OLDS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A118 EP A118 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08200695 ER PT J AU HACHEY, DL SAUERWALD, T JENSEN, CL ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC AF HACHEY, DL SAUERWALD, T JENSEN, CL ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC TI AN ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY FOR ELONGATION AND DESATURATION OF 18/3-OMEGA-3 IN TERM INFANTS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, DEPT PEDIAT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, DEPT OPHTHAL, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A122 EP A122 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08200720 ER PT J AU HERGENROEDER, AC KLISH, WJ SMITH, EO ELLIS, K AF HERGENROEDER, AC KLISH, WJ SMITH, EO ELLIS, K TI A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL OF THE EFFECT OF TAKING ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS OVER 12 MONTHS ON BONE-MINERAL DENSITY IN YOUNG-WOMEN WITH HYPOTHALAMIC AMENORRHEA SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, USDA,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A6 EP A6 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08200021 ER PT J AU JENSEN, CJ CHEN, HM PRAGER, TC ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC AF JENSEN, CJ CHEN, HM PRAGER, TC ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC TI EFFECT OF 18.3-OMEGA-3 INTAKE ON PLASMA FATTY-ACIDS GROWTH AND VISUAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRETERM INFANTS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT OPHTHALMOL, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A311 EP A311 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201846 ER PT J AU LAU, C SHEENA, H SCHANLER, R AF LAU, C SHEENA, H SCHANLER, R TI DEVELOPMENT OF SUCKING BEHAVIOR AS A FUNCTION OF PRETERM INFANTS MATURITY SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, PEDIAT GASTROENTEROL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, NEONATOL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A16 EP A16 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08200081 ER PT J AU MILLER, RG JAHOOR, F JAKSIC, T AF MILLER, RG JAHOOR, F JAKSIC, T TI DECREASED CYSTEINE AND PROLINE SYNTHESIS IN PREMATURE NEONATES FED INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT SURG, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A314 EP A314 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201864 ER PT J AU MOTIL, KJ SCHULTZ, R BUTTE, NF MOON, JK GLAZE, DG AF MOTIL, KJ SCHULTZ, R BUTTE, NF MOON, JK GLAZE, DG TI TOTAL DAILY ENERGY-EXPENDITURE IS LOWER IN GIRLS WITH RETT-SYNDROME AND GROWTH FAILURE SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,CLIN RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT, USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A384 EP A384 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08202284 ER PT J AU SAUERWALD, T JENSEN, CL CHEN, HM ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC HACHEY, DL AF SAUERWALD, T JENSEN, CL CHEN, HM ANDERSON, RE HEIRD, WC HACHEY, DL TI EFFECT OF DIETARY 18/3-OMEGA-3 INTAKE AND POSTNATAL AGE ON THE KINETICS OF ELONGATION AND DESATURATION OF 18/2-OMEGA-6 AND 18/3-OMEGA-3 SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT & OPHTHALMOL, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A319 EP A319 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201894 ER PT J AU SCHANLER, RJ SHULMAN, RJ LAU, C AF SCHANLER, RJ SHULMAN, RJ LAU, C TI EARLY FEEDING INCREASES MINERAL ABSORPTION IN PRETERM INFANTS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, NEONATOL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, PEDIAT & GASTROENTEROL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A319 EP A319 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201895 ER PT J AU SHEENA, H SCHANLER, R LAU, C AF SHEENA, H SCHANLER, R LAU, C TI CLINICAL INDICATORS TO ASSESS PRETERM INFANTS ORAL-FEEDING SUCCESS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A319 EP A319 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201897 ER PT J AU SHULMAN, RJ FESTE, A OU, C AF SHULMAN, RJ FESTE, A OU, C TI ABSORPTION OF LACTOSE (L), GLUCOSE POLYMERS (GP), OR COMBINATION (L/GP) IN PRETERM INFANTS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, DEPT PEDIAT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, DEPT PATHOL, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A319 EP A319 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201898 ER PT J AU SUNEHAG, A BIER, D EWALD, U GUSTAFSSON, J AF SUNEHAG, A BIER, D EWALD, U GUSTAFSSON, J TI GLUCONEOGENESIS STUDIED DURING THE 1ST DAY OF LIFE USING [U-C-13] GLUCOSE SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, USDA ARS, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. UNIV UPPSALA, DEPT PEDIAT, S-75105 UPPSALA, SWEDEN. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP A321 EP A321 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA QP082 UT WOS:A1995QP08201906 ER PT J AU BLACKMAN, SA OBENDORF, RL LEOPOLD, AC AF BLACKMAN, SA OBENDORF, RL LEOPOLD, AC TI DESICCATION TOLERANCE IN DEVELOPING SOYBEAN SEEDS - THE ROLE OF STRESS PROTEINS SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE ABSCISIC ACID; DESICCATION TOLERANCE; ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE; GLYCINE MAX; LEA PROTEINS; SEEDS; SOYBEAN; SUGARS ID ABSCISIC-ACID; MATURATION PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; WATER-STRESS; ACCUMULATION; SUGARS; EMBRYOGENESIS; DEHYDRATION; ACQUISITION; DEHYDRINS AB The consistent correlation between desiccation tolerance in orthodox seed tissue and an accumulation of certain ''late embryogenesis abundant'' (LEA) proteins suggests that these proteins reduce desiccation-induced cellular damage. The aim of the present work was to test this hypothesis. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) was used to elevate the level of heat-soluble LEA-like proteins in axes from immature (30 days after flowering; mid-development) seeds of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill cv. Chippewa 64). As the LEA-Like proteins accumulated in response to ABA, the leakage of all elements after desiccation and subsequent rehydration markedly declined. Both LEA-like protein accumulation and the decline in desiccation-induced electrolyte leakage were apparently dependent on the presence of ABA. Both effects of ABA were inhibited by cycloheximide. Light microscopy revealed a marked effect of the ABA on cellular integrity following desiccation. Osmotic stress also caused a decrease in desiccation-induced electrolyte leakage and stimulated the accumulation of LEA-Like proteins. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the LEA-like proteins contribute to the increase in desiccation tolerance in response to ABA, and are consistent with a general protective role for these proteins in desiccation tolerance. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT SOIL CROP & ATMOSPHER SCI,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,BOYCE THOMPSON INST PLANT RES,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP BLACKMAN, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SEED STORAGE LAB,1111 S MASON ST,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 31 TC 69 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 7 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD APR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 4 BP 630 EP 638 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1995.930408.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QR324 UT WOS:A1995QR32400008 ER PT J AU WHITAKER, BD AF WHITAKER, BD TI LIPID CHANGES IN MATURE-GREEN BELL PEPPER FRUIT DURING CHILLING AT 2-DEGREES-C AND AFTER TRANSFER TO 20-DEGREES-C SUBSEQUENT TO CHILLING SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE CAPSICUM ANNUUM; CHILLING INJURY; FATTY-ACID UNSATURATION; GALACTOLIPID; PHOSPHOLIPID; POSTHARVEST; STERYL LIPID ID TOMATO FRUIT; INJURY; TEMPERATURES; SENSITIVITY; DEGRADATION; CUCUMBER; PERICARP AB Lipid composition and pigment content in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Bell Tower) fruit that were freshly harvested, chilled 14 days at 2 degrees C, or chilled and then transferred to 20 degrees C for 3 days (''rewarmed'') were determined. There was slight to moderate loss of membrane glycerolipids during chilling, with much greater losses after chilled fruit was rewarmed. Galactolipid (GL) loss exceeded that of phospholipid (PL). The ratio of monogalactosyl- to digalactosyl-diacylglycerol did not change in chilled or in rewarmed fruit, and there was no chlorophyll loss, but the amount of neutral carotenes declined during chilling and dropped further after rewarming. Only minor changes in total membrane sterols (TMS = free sterols + steryl glycosides + acylated steryl glycosides) were noted in chilled and in rewarmed fruit (a small increase followed by a small decrease), but major changes occurred in sterol glycosylation and esterification. The ratio of stigmasterol to sitosterol increased during chilling and rose further after rewarming. Due to PL loss, the ratios of TMS and free sterols to PL increased in rewarmed fruit. The ratio of linolenate (18:3) to linoleate (18:2) rose during chilling and after rewarming in all fatty-acyl lipids (GL, FL, and acylated steryl glycosides), but the unsaturation index increased only in GL. These results indicate that most membrane damage occurs after rewarming of chilled fruit and that the chloroplasts are especially chilling sensitive. RP WHITAKER, BD (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD APR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 4 BP 683 EP 688 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1995.930415.x PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QR324 UT WOS:A1995QR32400015 ER PT J AU EBEL, RC MATTHEIS, JP BUCHANAN, DA AF EBEL, RC MATTHEIS, JP BUCHANAN, DA TI DROUGHT STRESS OF APPLE-TREES ALTERS LEAF EMISSIONS OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE APPLE; DROUGHT; MALUS DOMESTICA; VOLATILE COMPOUNDS ID METABOLISM; JASMONATE; FRUIT AB Actively growing potted apple trees (Malus domestica [L.] Borkh. cv. Delicious) unacclimated to drought stress were subjected to drought to determine changes in emissions of leaf volatile compounds, Drought stress was imposed over a 2-week period by weighing pots every 2 or 3 days and adding water back to an arbitrary and decreasing fraction of the original pot weight. Stem water potential was -2.7, -2.0 and -0.8 MPa for the severely stressed, moderately stressed and control trees, respectively, 13 days after watering treatments were begun. Water use the last 4 days of the experiment was about one-half for the moderately and severely stressed trees compared to that of the controls. Twenty-nine volatile compounds were identified by using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy, Emission rates of hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, hexyl acetate and (E)-2-hexenyl acetate were 5 to 310 rimes higher for severely stressed trees compared to those of the controls with the moderately stressed trees intermediate. The large increases in hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal and 1-hexanol may be related to enhanced lipoxygenase activity. Volatile compounds are products of metabolism and measurement of their changes after biotic or abiotic stresses will increase understanding of the relationship of changes in plant metabolism by those stresses. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT ORNAMENTAL HORT & LANDSCAPE DESIGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901. USDA ARS,TREE FRUIT RES LAB,WENATCHEE,WA 98801. NR 17 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 15 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD APR PY 1995 VL 93 IS 4 BP 709 EP 712 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1995.930418.x PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QR324 UT WOS:A1995QR32400018 ER PT J AU TROCKI, O BAER, DJ CASTONGUAY, TW AF TROCKI, O BAER, DJ CASTONGUAY, TW TI AN EVALUATION OF THE USE OF TOTAL-BODY ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY FOR THE ESTIMATION OF BODY-COMPOSITION IN ADULT-RATS - EFFECT OF DIETARY OBESITY AND ADRENALECTOMY SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE TOTAL BODY ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE (TOBEC); BODY COMPOSITION; ADRENALECTOMY; DIETARY OBESITY ID TOBEC INSTRUMENT; VALIDATION; MASS AB Total body electrical conductance (TOBEC) has been recommended for serial measurements of body composition in animals and humans. This study examined the accuracy of the TOBEC technique in predicting body composition of a population of adult male rats that had undergone seven different treatments, including adrenalectomy and blocking of glucocorticoid receptors, in the study of the etiology of obesity. The predicted body composition values of the animals (n = 57, body weight 550 +/- 8 g) obtained by using the manufacturer's and Baer's equations were compared to the actual body composition obtained by direct carcass analysis. Both equations underestimated lean body mass and reciprocally overestimated body fat (manufacturer's 103 +/- 4 g, Baer's 55 +/- 3 g). A new prediction equation was developed based on the conductivity index and the actual lean body mass. This revised equation was able to accurately estimate the lean body mass of the animals used in the same experiment but overestimated lean body mass of larger animals (n = 10, wt. 647 +/- 13 g). Conclusions based on multiple comparisons (Duncan's) of predicted and actual values resulted in different effects of treatments on body composition. To improve accuracy and reliability of the TOBEC technique, a prediction equation should be developed from the same population as the studied population, and experimental group sizes used for examining treatment effects should be relatively large. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NUTR & FOOD SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ENERGY & PROT NUTR LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. OI Castonguay, Thomas/0000-0003-1176-5095 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DDK 42446] NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD APR PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 BP 765 EP 772 DI 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00325-4 PG 8 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA QL348 UT WOS:A1995QL34800022 PM 7777615 ER PT J AU RAY, AK LIN, YY GERARD, HC CHEN, ZJ OSMAN, SF FETT, WF MOREAU, RA STARK, RE AF RAY, AK LIN, YY GERARD, HC CHEN, ZJ OSMAN, SF FETT, WF MOREAU, RA STARK, RE TI SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LIME CUTIN MONOMERS BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA; CITRUS CUTICLE; CUTIN; ANALYSIS; HPLC; GC-MS; CIMS; CPMAS NMR ID FATTY-ACIDS; POLYESTERS; HYDROXY; LIPIDS; LEAVES AB A recently developed HPLC technique has been used to identify 10 major monomers from potassium hydroxide hydrolysis and transesteridcation of lime cutin, revealing 16-hydroxy-10-oxo-hexadecanoic and 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acids as the major constituents. Solid-state C-13 NMR spectroscopy has also been used to examine the unreacted residues following hydrolytic treatment. For transesterification with methanolic boron trifluoride, an alternative protocol using MS has been developed. Using HPTLC to separate epoxy and hydroxy fatty esters, and making a series of trimethylsilyl ether derivatives, the monomeric products have been subjected to analysis by GC-CI-mass spectrometry. Although GC cannot discriminate between positional isomers of oxo and dihydroxy fatty acids, the parent ions and fragmentation patterns obtained with CI-mass spectrometry allow definitive identification of each isomer and reveal five new constituents of the cutin biopolymer. Both the methodology and the monomeric structures are compared with prior reports for citrus fruit cuticle; implications for the molecular architecture and biosynthesis of the lime cutin polymer are also discussed. C1 CUNY COLL STATEN ISL, DEPT CHEM, STATEN ISL, NY 10314 USA. CUNY, GRAD SCH, STATEN ISL, NY 10314 USA. NEW YORK STATE INST BASIC RES DEV DISABIL, STATEN ISL, NY 10314 USA. USDA ARS, EASTERN REG RES CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19118 USA. OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD APR PY 1995 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1361 EP 1369 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00627-6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA QZ341 UT WOS:A1995QZ34100005 ER PT J AU TJAMOS, EC FRAVEL, DR AF TJAMOS, EC FRAVEL, DR TI DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF SUBLETHAL HEATING AND TALAROMYCES-FLAVUS ON MICROSCLEROTIA OF VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOIL SOLARIZATION; WILT; BIOSYNTHESIS; POPULATIONS; BIOCONTROL; PROPAGULES; PATHOGENS; FUSARIUM AB Microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae were not heated or heated in water with one of three regimes to simulate soil solarization. Regime 1 consisted of 31 C for 10 h followed by 35 C for 14 h. Regime 2 consisted of 33 C for 10 h followed by 36 C for 14 h. Regime 3 consisted of 35 C for 10 h followed by 38 C for 14 h. Heating for 1-5 days with regime 1 did not affect the final number of microsclerotia that germinated but did affect the rate at which they germinated. Additional days of heating with regime 2 or 3 affected both the number of germinated microsclerotia and the rate at which they germinated. Of the microsclerotia that germinated, colonies arising from heated microsclerotia formed significantly fewer melanized microsclerotia and melanization of these new microsclerotia was significantly slower than for those originating from the nonheated microsclerotia. When microsclerotia were heated as above, placed in nylon mesh envelopes, and buried in raw soil with or without the biocontrol agent Talaromyces flavus, there was a synergistic interaction between the heating and T. flavus resulting in increased mortality of the microsclerotia. Colonies arising from surviving, previously heated microsclerotia were slower growing than colonies from nonheated microsclerotia and were slower to form melanized microsclerotia. Sublethal heating and T. flavus acted additively to suppress Verticillium wilt of eggplant. Opportunities for combining sublethal heating with thermophilic biocontrol agents are discussed. C1 USDA ARS,BIOCONTROL PLANT DIS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP TJAMOS, EC (reprint author), AGR UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,GR-11855 ATHENS,GREECE. NR 30 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 388 EP 392 DI 10.1094/Phyto-85-388 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QW079 UT WOS:A1995QW07900001 ER PT J AU PRESTING, GG SMITH, OP BROWN, CR AF PRESTING, GG SMITH, OP BROWN, CR TI RESISTANCE TO POTATO LEAFROLL VIRUS IN POTATO PLANTS TRANSFORMED WITH THE COAT PROTEIN GENE OR WITH VECTOR CONTROL CONSTRUCTS SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SOMACLONAL VARIATION ID TRANSGENIC PLANTS; MEDIATED RESISTANCE; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; CHROMOSOME VARIATION; ANTISENSE RNA; LUTEOVIRUS; TRANSLATION; PROTOPLASTS; PROTECTION; EXPRESSION AB The results of greenhouse evaluations of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) resistance in transgenic potato plants are reported. Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet plants were transformed via Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer with three constructs, one carrying the native viral coat protein (CP) gene, another containing a modified form of the CP gene designed to optimize protein expression, and a third consisting of the binary vector plasmid only. A statistically significant correlation (P < 0.01) was found between incidence of infection within replications of a given clone and virus titers of the infected plants. Resistance to PLRV titer buildup as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was observed among clones in all three construct populations. Plants transformed with the modified CP gene did not exhibit greater levels of resistance to PLRV than plants transformed with the native CP gene. Of particular interest are several highly resistant lines that were derived by transforming Ranger Russet with the control construct carrying only vector sequences and the neomycin phosphotransferase (NPTII) gene. This resistance, which is heritable and has been verified in three separate inoculations, indicates that a component of PLRV resistance in transgenic potato is associated with vector DNA or the tissue culture process. Possible explanations for this novel type of resistance and its implications are discussed. C1 USDA ARS,PROSSER,WA 99350. USDA ARS,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 35 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 436 EP 442 DI 10.1094/Phyto-85-436 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QW079 UT WOS:A1995QW07900009 ER PT J AU SHAH, D BERGSTROM, GC UENG, PP AF SHAH, D BERGSTROM, GC UENG, PP TI INITIATION OF SEPTORIA-NODORUM BLOTCH EPIDEMICS IN WINTER-WHEAT BY SEED-BORNE STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LEPTOSPHAERIA NODORUM; PHAEOSPHAERIA NODORUM; SEPTORIA NODORUM; TRITICUM AESLIVUM ID LEPTOSPHAERIA-NODORUM; NEW-YORK; SEED; DISEASES; PYCNIDIOSPORES; DISPERSAL; TRITICI; MODEL AB To determine the potential contribution of seedborne Stagonospora nodorum to Septoria nodorum blotch epidemics, field plots that were isolated from other wheat plants or residues were sown to winter wheat with seed infection levels by S. nodorum of <1, 3, 10, 20, 30, and 40% in 1990-91, and 0.0, 0.5, 3, 11, 14, 19.5, 25.5, and 29% in 1991-92. In 1990-91, a season mildly conducive to Septoria nodorum blotch, even plots sown to seed with less than 1% infection by S, nodorum developed epidemics. Seed infection level had a significant effect on disease incidence and severity at the main shoot and three tillers growth stage (P < 0.0001), on the F-5 leaf position at first node stage (P < 0.05), on the F-1 leaf position at late milk stage (P < 0.1), and on the percentage of harvested seed infected by S. nodorum (P < 0.05). The above relationships of disease and seed infection level were nonlinear and asymptotic. In 1991-92, a season more conducive to Septoria nodorum blotch, epidemics were initiated in plots with seed infection levels as low as 0.5%. Seed infection level had a significant effect on disease incidence at the two-leaves-unfolded stage (P < 0.05), but not later that season. The contribution of seedborne S. nodorum to epidemic initiation also was assessed, in 1990-91, by following two isolates (with DNA fingerprints distinguishable from each other and background isolates) of S. nodorum from infected seed through the crop canopy. Isolates with DNA fingerprints identical to those of the respective seed isolates were recovered from F-5 leaves and from harvested seed. These results showed that seedborne S. nodorum was at least partially responsible for initiation of Septoria nodorum blotch on the foliage. Moreover, the presence of the same isolates in the seed used for sowing and the seed harvested gave corroborative evidence that seed populations of S. nodorum could initiate epidemics of Septoria nodorum blotch in new locations and could provide for year-to-year perpetuation of these populations. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ITHACA,NY 14853. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RI Shah, Denis/B-1885-2013 OI Shah, Denis/0000-0002-4551-2216 NR 52 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 452 EP 457 DI 10.1094/Phyto-85-452 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QW079 UT WOS:A1995QW07900011 ER PT J AU HOWELL, CR STIPANOVIC, RD AF HOWELL, CR STIPANOVIC, RD TI MECHANISMS IN THE BIOCONTROL OF RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI-INDUCED COTTON SEEDLING DISEASE BY GLIOCLADIUM-VIRENS - ANTIBIOSIS SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE UV MUTATION ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PYTHIUM-ULTIMUM; DAMPING-OFF; SOILLESS MIX; METABOLITES; GERMINATION; GLIOTOXIN; VIRIDIOL; ROOT AB Production of the antifungal antibiotics gliotoxin and gliovirin by the biocontrol fungus Gliocladium virens has been associated with its efficacy as a biocontrol agent of seedling diseases incited by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum. The association of gliotoxin and gliovirin with control of P. ultimum-incited disease has been confirmed by mutational analysis, but this is not true of gliotoxin and R. solani-incited disease. Gliotoxin-deficient (GLT-) mutants of G. virens were produced with UV and detected with Bacillus subtilis. Gliotoxin loss in the mutants was confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Gliotoxin deficiency also results in loss of resistance to gliotoxin by GLT- strains. Assay of the GLT- mutants for suppression of R. solani-incited cotton seedling disease showed their biocontrol efficacy to be equal to that of the parent strains, indicating that gliotoxin is not necessary for protection of the infection court. These results and prior research put into question the importance of mycoparasitism and antibiosis as mechanisms in control of this disease, and suggest that the role of competition should be investigated more closely. RP HOWELL, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO CROPS RES LAB,2765F&B RD,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. NR 23 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 469 EP 472 DI 10.1094/Phyto-85-469 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QW079 UT WOS:A1995QW07900014 ER PT J AU HUNTER, WB HSU, HT LAWSON, RH AF HUNTER, WB HSU, HT LAWSON, RH TI A NOVEL METHOD FOR TOSPOVIRUS ACQUISITION BY THRIPS SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPOTTED WILT VIRUS; ASSAY AB An in vitro feeding method for the acquisition of impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus (INSV) and tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) by western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was developed. This is the first system developed in which tospovirus viability was maintained in an in vitro technique specifically designed for thrips feeding. Three-day-old larvae of western flower thrips were caged in a cylindrical plastic tube with Parafilm membrane covering both ends. Leaf extracts from INSV- and TSWV-infected Nicotiana benthamiana or Datura stramonium were prepared. Following one cycle of differential centrifugation, the extract was placed on the membrane on one end of the cage. A second membrane was placed over the first membrane thus covering the extract. After a 24-h acquisition access feeding period, thrips were kept on green-bean pods in a container until they were 10-day-old adults. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) showed that acquisition feeding of virus suspensions prepared from infected plant hosts resulted in thrips testing positive for viruses. Cohorts from these ELISA-positive thrips were shown to be viruliferous when placed onto virus-susceptible host plants. This in vitro method is an important tool in the study of tospovirus/thrips interactions. RP HUNTER, WB (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,US NATL ARBORETUM,FLORAL & NURSERY PLANTS RES UNIT,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 480 EP 483 DI 10.1094/Phyto-85-480 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QW079 UT WOS:A1995QW07900016 ER PT J AU ABBAS, HK BOYETTE, CD HOAGLAND, RE AF ABBAS, HK BOYETTE, CD HOAGLAND, RE TI PHYTOTOXICITY OF FUSARIUM, OTHER FUNGAL ISOLATES, AND OF THE PHYTOTOXINS FUMONISIN, FUSARIC ACID, AND MONILIFORMIN TO JIMSONWEED SO PHYTOPROTECTION LA English DT Article ID MYCOTOXIN; CULTURES; CORN; BIOLOGY; TOXINS; B1 AB Ten fungal isolates from jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) and 7 from crop species were examined for phytotoxin production and pathogenicity on jimsonweed seedlings in the greenhouse. Four isolates of Fusarium moniliforme, three F. semitectum isolates, a F. oxysporum isolate, a Cephalosporium spp. isolate, and an Alternaria crassa isolate from diseased jimsonweed seedlings, plus seven additional F. moniliforme isolates from seeds and seedlings of crop species were grown on autoclaved rice (Oryza sativa). The fungus-rice mixtures were ground and tested for phytotoxicity on 1- and 2-wk-old jimsonweed seedlings via foliar application. All fungus-infested rice extracts (5 g fungus-rice mixture 50 mL(-1) water) caused injury or mortality to the seedlings except the extracts from isolates of F. semitectum, Cephalosporium spp., and A. crassa. Fungus-rice mixtures were quantitatively analyzed for the presence of Fusarium phytotoxins [fumonisin B-1 (FB1), fusaric acid, and moniliformin]. No isolate produced more than one of these phytotoxins in the fungus-rice extract. FB1 was produced by all F. moniliforme isolates in a concentration range of less than or equal to 5 to 850 mu g mL(-1) of fungus-rice extract. The F. oxysporum isolate produced moniliformin at 3.5 g mL(-1), and no phytotoxins were detected in extracts of F. semitectum, Cephalosporium spp., or A. crassa. Pure fumonisin, fusaric acid, and moniliformin applied to jimsonweed foliage at 6-50, 25-800, and 50-800 mu g mL(-1), respectively, caused symptoms similar to that of the fungal isolates that produced these compounds. Pathogenicity tests of spores of all isolates on jimsonweed indicated that the isolates were avirulent, except for A. crassa which infected only after a dew period greater than or equal to 12 h. RP ABBAS, HK (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU QUEBEC SOC PROTECT PLANTS PI ST FOY PA PHYTOPROTECTION, 3488 CHEMIN SAINTE-FOY, ST FOY PQ G1X 2S8, CANADA SN 0031-9511 J9 PHYTOPROTECTION JI Phytoprotection PD APR PY 1995 VL 76 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RZ134 UT WOS:A1995RZ13400003 ER PT J AU HUANG, JW GRUNES, DL KOCHIAN, LV AF HUANG, JW GRUNES, DL KOCHIAN, LV TI ALUMINUM AND CALCIUM-TRANSPORT INTERACTIONS IN INTACT ROOTS AND ROOT PLASMALEMMA VESICLES FROM ALUMINUM-SENSITIVE AND TOLERANT WHEAT CULTIVARS SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH CY SEP 12-16, 1993 CL BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA DE ALUMINUM TOXICITY; CALCIUM UPTAKE; CALCIUM CHANNEL; MICROELECTRODE; PLASMA MEMBRANE VESICLES ID PHYSIOLOGY; TOXICITY; APEX; TRANSLOCATION; MECHANISM AB Recent research from our laboratory indicates that aluminium (Al) and calcium (Ca) transport interactions may play an important role in the mechanisms of Al phytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of Al on Ca2+ transport in intact roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Al-tolerant Atlas 66 and Al-sensitive Scout 66). We used both a vibrating Ca2+-microelectrode technique and Ca-45(2+) to monitor Ca2+ influx in intact roots. Root apical Ca2+ uptake was immediately inhibited, when roots were exposed to Al levels that ultimately decreased root growth in Al-sensitive Scout 66. The Al-tolerant cultivar was able to resist this Al inhibition of Ca2+ uptake, and to resist Al inhibition of Ca-45(2+) translocation from roots to shoots. We also studied Ca2+ transport in right-side out plasmalemma vesicles isolated from roots of Al-sensitive and tolerant wheat cultivars. Calcium influx into the vesicles was mediated by a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel. Aluminium blocks the Ca2+ channel equally well in the plasmalemma vesicles isolated from Al-sensitive and Al-tolerant wheat roots. The results indicate that the differential response observed in intact roots is not due to differences in Ca2+ channels. The Al-tolerant wheat cultivar may have an ability to reduce Al3+ activity in the rhizosphere, thus reducing the Al-inhibition of Ca2+ influx. RP HUANG, JW (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,USDA ARS,US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 1995 VL 171 IS 1 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.1007/BF00009575 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RE056 UT WOS:A1995RE05600018 ER PT J AU FRITZ, VA ALLMARAS, RR PFLEGER, FL DAVIS, DW AF FRITZ, VA ALLMARAS, RR PFLEGER, FL DAVIS, DW TI OAT RESIDUE AND SOIL COMPACTION INFLUENCES ON COMMON ROOT-ROT (APHANOMYCES-EUTEICHES) OF PEAS IN A FINE-TEXTURED SOIL SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE BULK DENSITY; CULTURAL CONTROL; GREEN PEA YIELD; ROOT DISEASE RATING; SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES; TRAFFIC PATTERNS; VINE GROWTH ID INCORPORATED CROP RESIDUE; TILLAGE; DISEASE; YIELD AB Management of common root rot (Aphanomyces euteiches Drechs.) in peas (Pisum sativum L.) is sought primarily by host crop avoidance for several years. Soil compaction is known to aggravate A. euteiches disease in peas but effects on infection and subsequent symptom development are not sufficiently known to assist in cultural control. Several isolated observations have noted that oat crop residues may suppress A. euteiches infection and disease in pea roots. The individual and combined influence (a factorial combination of two factors each at two levels) of a prior oat crop and soil compaction were studied for their effects on common root rot severity in processing peas grown in an A. euteiches disease nursery on a fine-textured soil in the northern Corn Belt of the USA. A previous crop of summer oats relative to prior-year peas significantly suppressed common root rot and increased pea fresh vine weight 210% at peak bloom stage. Both fresh vine weight and green pea yield were reduced as much as 63% by soil compaction and increased as much as 48% by a prior oat crop. Greater soil bulk density at the 10 to 25-cm depth identified wheel traffic compaction patterns in each year. A 10-fold reduction of saturated hydraulic conductivity in the 10 to 25-cm compacted zone and high soil-water potentials within the upper 60 cm both confirmed an impaired water drainage, especially during infiltration events. These observations support the use of a previous full season or summer oat crop jointly with chisel plowing, plus the prevention of excessive traffic during secondary tillage and planting, to reduce common root rot in a field infested with A. euteiches. Shallow incorporation of oat shoot and root residue by chiseling could be a crucial component of the cultural control of the disease. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT HORT SCI,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP FRITZ, VA (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,SO EXPT STN,35838 120TH ST,WASECA,MN 56093, USA. NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 1995 VL 171 IS 2 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.1007/BF00010277 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RC927 UT WOS:A1995RC92700005 ER PT J AU NIEDZ, RP SUSSMAN, MR SATTERLEE, JS AF NIEDZ, RP SUSSMAN, MR SATTERLEE, JS TI GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN - AN IN-VIVO REPORTER OF PLANT GENE-EXPRESSION SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO PROTOPLASTS; ORANGE AB Protoplasts were isolated from H89, an embryogenic sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Hamlin) suspension culture, and electroporated with p35S-GFP, a plasmid carrying the gene for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria. p35S-GFP was constructed by replacing the GUS coding sequence of pBI221 with a functional GFP gene, thereby placing the GFP gene under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Protoplasts were viewed by incident-light fluorescence microscopy twenty-four h after electroporation. 20-60% of the protoplasts emitted an intense green light when illuminated with blue (450-490 nm) light. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,CELL & MOLEC BIOL PROGRAM,MADISON,WI 53706. RP NIEDZ, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS,HORT RES LAB,2120 CAMDEN RD,ORLANDO,FL 32803, USA. NR 20 TC 81 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD APR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 7 BP 403 EP 406 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV241 UT WOS:A1995QV24100001 PM 24185445 ER PT J AU ALTIER, NA THIES, JA AF ALTIER, NA THIES, JA TI IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE TO PYTHIUM SEEDLING DISEASES IN ALFALFA USING A CULTURE PLATE METHOD SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE DAMPING-OFF; SEED ROT ID IRREGULARE; ROOTLETS AB Pathogenicity and virulence of three Pythium spp. to alfalfa seedlings and resistance of alfalfa germ plasm to Pythium seedling diseases were characterized using a culture plate method. Twenty-five seeds were placed on the surface of a 3-day-old colony of Pythium growing on water agar and incubated at 12, 18, or 24 C for 5 days. Disease severity was rated using a 5-class scale (1 = healthy seedling, 5 = dead seed). Pathogenic cultures of Pythium ultimum, P. paroecandrum, and a P. sylvaticum-like isolate, all from alfalfa fields in Minnesota, varied in virulence to the Beltsville International Composite-7 alfalfa population. Moderately virulent isolates induced greater disease at 12 and 18 C than at 24 C, but highly virulent isolates were uniformly virulent over the three temperatures. Twelve alfalfa entries representing diverse germ plasm backgrounds varied significantly in resistance to P. ultimum and P. paroecandrum. Alfalfa seed weight, seedling growth rate, rate of germination, and fall dormancy were not correlated with this resistance. The culture plate method is useful for evaluating alfalfa germ plasm for resistance to Pythium seedling diseases. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. USDA ARS,US VEGETABLE LAB,CHARLESTON,SC 29412. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 341 EP 346 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800003 ER PT J AU CARROLL, JE GRAY, SM BERGSTROM, GC AF CARROLL, JE GRAY, SM BERGSTROM, GC TI USE OF ANTISERUM TO A NEW-YORK ISOLATE OF WHEAT SPINDLE STREAK MOSAIC-VIRUS TO DETECT RELATED BYMOVIRUSES FROM NORTH-AMERICA, EUROPE, AND ASIA SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; WINTER-WHEAT; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PLANT-VIRUSES; 2 STRAINS; BARLEY; PURIFICATION; PROTEINS AB Wheat spindle streak mosaic bymovirus (WSSMV) is a widespread and damaging pathogen of winter wheat in North America. The diagnosis of this viral disease has relied primarily on the observation of transient symptoms that may be confused with other biotic and abiotic stresses. Virus was purified from field-infected wheat plants grown in New York and a polyclonal antiserum was produced that by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected as little as 0.25 ng WSSMV/mu L leaf or root sap. The antiserum reacted to bymoviruses from North America, Europe, and Asia, including isolates of WSSMV, wheat yellow mosaic virus, and barley yellow mosaic virus, but did not detect oat mosaic virus or barley mild mosaic virus. This corroborates previous findings on serological relationships within the bymovirus group. The antiserum did not react with other cereal viruses tested, including soilborne wheat mosaic furovirus, wheat streak mosaic rymovirus, and barley yellow dwarf luteovirus. The availability of this antiserum will facilitate detection of bymoviruses and enhance research on biology, epidemiology, and management of the diseases caused by these fungal-vectored viruses. C1 CORNELL UNIV,USDA ARS,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 346 EP 353 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800004 ER PT J AU MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC AF MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC TI CONIDIAL GERMINATION AND APPRESSORIAL FORMATION OF COLLETOTRICHUM-CAPSICI AND C-GLOEOSPORIOIDES ISOLATES FROM PEPPER SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Conidial germination and appressorial formation of Colletotrichum capsici and C. gloeosporioides were examined on pepper fruits and in association with some inorganic and organic compounds. Conidial germination and appressorial formation were greater on immature green or ripe red fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum) variety Long Fruit than in water droplets on glass slides. Conidial germination was significantly (P = 0.05) higher for both fungi as concentrations of either sucrose or KCl increased. Appressorial formation for C. capsici was highest when sucrose was 10 mM and for C. gloeosporioides at 0.1 mM. Appressorial formation was reduced and mycelia formed for both fungi at higher sucrose concentrations, but not at 1-100 mM of KCl. Among six compounds tested for induced conidial germination and appressorial formation, CaCl2 and sucrose caused a significant (P = 0.05) increase, KCl an intermediate one, and AlCl3 was lowest. beta-resorcilic acid did not stimulate conidial germination and appressorial formation, and Fe-resorcilic acid stimulated conidial germination only for C. capsici. Three test melanin biosynthesis inhibitors at 1 mu g per milliliter stimulated conidial germination but varied in causing appressorial formation for both fungi. Appressorial formation of C. capsici was completely inhibited by tricyclazole and stimulated by fthalide and isoprothiolane; appressorial formation of C. gloeosporioides was completely inhibited and stimulated by isoprothiolane and tricyclazole, respectively, and only slightly inhibited by fthalide. Inorganic and organic compounds that affect conidial germination and appressorial formation may play a role in the preinfection process of Colletotrichum spp. on pepper fruits. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. ASIAN VEGETABLE RES & DEV CTR,TAINAN 74199,TAIWAN. RP MANANDHAR, JB (reprint author), INT RICE RES INST,POB 933,MANILA 1099,PHILIPPINES. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 361 EP 366 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800007 ER PT J AU UYEMOTO, JK LUHN, CF GRIESBACH, JA GRANT, JA AF UYEMOTO, JK LUHN, CF GRIESBACH, JA GRANT, JA TI OCCURRENCE AND CONTROL OF CHERRY STEM PITTING DISEASE SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID TOMATO RINGSPOT VIRUS; SWEET CHERRY AB Cherry stem pitting (CSP) is a debilitating disease of sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium (L.) L. 'Bing') Symptoms on the tree trunks include thickened bark and prominent pits in the woody cylinder. Eventually, affected trees decline. Surveys of commercial orchards, some of which were established with a mixture of cv. Bing on Colt (P. avium X P. pseudocerasus), mahaleb (P. mahaleb L.), or mazzard (P. avium) rootstocks, revealed that disease incidence ranged up to 44% but only trees on mahaleb and mazzard rootstocks were symptomatic. All Bing/Colt trees appeared healthy, which indicated that Colt rootstock is likely resistant to the CSP agent. These observations were confirmed in test plots replicated with trees of Bing/Colt and Bing/mahaleb. Although circumstantial evidence suggests a soilborne origin and symptoms resemble those of Prunus stem pitting (PSP), all attempts to detect tomato ringspot virus (the causal agent of PSP) in affected trees by graft-inoculations onto P. tomentosa Thunb. have failed. C1 OREGON DEPT AGR,SALEM,OR 97301. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,COOPERAT EXTENS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP UYEMOTO, JK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,USDA ARS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 366 EP 368 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800008 ER PT J AU CHAISRISOOK, C STUTEVILLE, DL SKINNER, DZ AF CHAISRISOOK, C STUTEVILLE, DL SKINNER, DZ TI 5 STEMPHYLIUM SPP PATHOGENIC TO ALFALFA - OCCURRENCE IN THE UNITED-STATES AND TIME REQUIREMENTS FOR ASCOSPORE PRODUCTION SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BOTRYOSUM AB Stemphylium isolates from alfalfa from 10 states in the U.S. were identified according to new taxonomic criteria. Seventeen of the 22 isolates were S. alfalfae/Pleospora alfalfae from California, Washington, Idaho, Utah, Kansas, Wisconsin, and New York. The other five isolates were S. botryosum/P. tarda from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, and New York. All isolates I!roduced similar symptoms on excised alfalfa leaves in tests to confirm pathogenicity. The time required for ascospore production, which has become more important in recent taxonomic revisions of Stemphylium/Pleospora, was determined under standardized conditions for isolates of five Stemphylium spp. obtained from E. G. Simmons. Culture plates of 0.1 strength potato-dextrose agar were seeded with conidia from Ii-day-old cultures, sealed with Parafilm., and incubated under an 8-h photoperiod of 40-65 mu E . m(-2) . s(-1) of cool-white fluorescent lighting at 15+/-2 C. The numbers of days after dishes were seeded with conidia until mature ascospores were produced were: 12.7+/-3.3 for S. alfalfae/P. alfalfae, 26.4+/-3.3 for S. globuliferum/Pleospora a sp., 27.3+/-2.8 for S. vesicarium/Pleospora sp., 28.9+/-2.5 for S. herbarum/P. herbarum, and 62.6+/-2.1 for S. botryosum/P. tarda. The time requirements for ascospore production determined under these standardized conditions complemented morphological taxonomic features in distinguishing some of the Pleospora pathogens of alfalfa, especially P. alfalfae and P. tarda, the two most common species in the U.S. These conditions also reduced ascospore production time for P. tarda to 2 mo. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,USDA ARS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 369 EP 372 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800009 ER PT J AU SUMNER, DR DOWLER, CC JOHNSON, AW BAKER, SH AF SUMNER, DR DOWLER, CC JOHNSON, AW BAKER, SH TI CONSERVATION TILLAGE AND SEEDLING DISEASES IN COTTON AND SOYBEAN DOUBLE-CROPPED WITH TRITICALE SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; ROOT DISEASES; SOIL; SEVERITY AB A double-crop rotation of cotton-triticale-soybean-triticale was grown for 4-5 yr in three experiments on loamy sand soil. Tillage treatments were conventional (moldboard plowing 20-25 cm deep after burning triticale residues), no-till, row-till, and ridge-plant. Triticale residues were managed by burning or cutting the straw short (20 cm) or tall (60 cm) at harvest. Population densities of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG)-4 in soil after triticale were low to moderate and similar among treatments. Population densities of Pythium spp, in soil were high and variable among treatments. Root and hypocotyl disease severity in cotton and soybean seedlings was low to moderate each year. In most years and crops, tillage and residue management treatments did not influence seedling disease or inoculum densities of pathogens. When there were differences, burning triticale residues and moldboard plowing improved seedling health. C1 USDA ARS,NEMATODES WEEDS & CROPS RES UNIT,TIFTON,GA 31793. UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP SUMNER, DR (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 372 EP 375 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800010 ER PT J AU MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC AF MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC TI SEMISELECTIVE MEDIUM FOR COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES AND OCCURRENCE OF 3 COLLETOTRICHUM SPP ON PEPPER PLANTS SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Inhibition of mycelial growth of Colletotrichum capsici and C. gloeosporioides was significantly (P = 0.01) less than that of Alternaria sp, and Fusarium spp. when grown on a semiselective medium, C. gloeosporioides pepper isolate medium (CGPIM) containing one-quarter strength potato-dextrose agar amended with fenarimol and vinclozolin at 5 mu g/ml each, chloramphenicol and erythromycin at 6.5 mu g/ml each, iprodione at 15 mu g/ml, neomycin sulfate at 20 mu g/ml, and tetracycline hydrochloride at 25 mu g/ml. Fenarimol enhanced the detection of C. gloeosporioides as cream-yellow sporulating colonies formed around infected and/or infested pepper (Capsicum spp.) seeds. When pepper seeds were placed on CGPIM and wet filter paper, C. capsici occurred at equal frequencies, but the frequency of C. gloeosporioides was significantly (P = 0.01) higher on CGPIM than on wet filter paper. C. capsici was detected on 14.5% of the seeds from var. LSU Sport, while C. gloeosporioides detection was less frequent. C. gloeosporioides was isolated from 30 and 1% of diseased fruits harvested and stored for 130 and 225 days, respectively. CGPIM and wet filter paper were equally effective in evaluating the occurrence of C. capsici, but the occurrence of C. gloeosporioides and Glomerella cingulata appressoria was significantly (P = 0.01) higher on CGPIM than on wet filter paper. C. capsici was recovered more frequently than either C. gloeosporioides or G. cingulata on inoculated leaves. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. ASIAN VEGETABLE RES & DEV CTR,TAINAN 74199,TAIWAN. RP MANANDHAR, JB (reprint author), INT RICE RES INST,POB 933,MANILA 1099,PHILIPPINES. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 376 EP 379 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800011 ER PT J AU MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC AF MANANDHAR, JB HARTMAN, GL WANG, TC TI ANTHRACNOSE DEVELOPMENT ON PEPPER FRUITS INOCULATED WITH COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Colletotrichum gloeosporioides caused anthracnose on pepper fruits of line PBC 510 when inoculated with a microdrop spore suspension on immature fruits one-half the normal size up to fully mature ripe red fruits. Incidence of anthracnose was greater on inoculated purple and ripe red fruits than on fruits at other developmental stages. Cuticle and exocarp thicknesses varied by fruit maturity. Disease incidence differed among eight pepper lines based on the number of days to fruit lesion development. Over 50% of the fruits in lines PBC 452, PBC 454, and PBC 595 had lesions less than 5 days after inoculation, whereas it took 6 days for fruits in three lines (PBC 365, PBC 371, and PBC 518), 8 days for fruits in line PBC 370, and 11 days for fruits in line PBC 495. Fruits of PBC 595 had the largest lesions, while fruits of PBC 518 had the smallest lesions. Conidial production was lowest on fruit lesions of PBC 495 and highest on fruit lesions of PBC 595. Disease incidence was correlated to cuticle and exocarp thicknesses. Cuticle thickness was significantly negatively correlated to conidial production (r = -0.45) and lesion expansion (r = -0.46). C. gloeosporioides infected more fruits of var. Szechwan 90714 in a given period than did C. capsici, whether or not fruits were chloroform-dipped. Anthracnose was detected more on incubated fruits that were chloroform-dipped than water-dipped prior to inoculation. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. ASIAN VEGETABLE RES & DEV CTR,TAINAN 74199,TAIWAN. RP MANANDHAR, JB (reprint author), INT RICE RES INST,POB 933,MANILA 1099,PHILIPPINES. NR 25 TC 32 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 380 EP 383 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800012 ER PT J AU GILLASPIE, AG HOPKINS, MS PINNOW, DL HAMPTON, RO AF GILLASPIE, AG HOPKINS, MS PINNOW, DL HAMPTON, RO TI SEED-BORNE VIRUSES IN PREINTRODUCTION COWPEA SEED LOTS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF VIRUS-FREE ACCESSIONS SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GERM PLASM COLLECTION; COMMON MOSAIC-VIRUS; CROP GERMPLASM; ELIMINATION AB Seeds from 60 cowpea preintroductions from Botswana, India, and Kenya were increased at the University of California Riverside. Second generation seed were planted in insect-free greenhouses at two locations and resulting seedlings were assayed by direct antigen coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA) for the presence of eight seedborne viruses. By visual selection and DAC-ELISA, 10 virus-free mother plants for each of the 60 accessions were established. The seedlots from these mother plants were subsequently planted in isolation plots at St. Croix, Virgin Islands. Seedlings from the St. Croix seed increase were observed and tested by DAC-ELISA and were found to have remained free from viruses during this field exposure. One or more of the following viruses were detected in 40 of the 60 preintroductions: 32 containing cowpea aphid-borne mosaic potyvirus (possibly blackeye cowpea mosaic potyvirus in some cases); 23 with cowpea severe mosaic comovirus; 22 with southern bean mosaic sobemovirus; seven with cucumber mosaic cucumovirus; and seven with cowpea mottle carmovirus. None were found to contain ELISA-detectable cowpea mosaic comovirus or cowpea mild mottle carlavirus. Twenty preintroductions were free of ELISA-detectable seedborne viruses. Virus-free experimental seed lots were produced for limited use by interested cowpea breeders. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP GILLASPIE, AG (reprint author), USDA ARS,PLANT GENET RESOURCES CONSERVAT UNIT,GRIFFIN,GA 30223, USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 388 EP 391 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800014 ER PT J AU VENUTO, BC SMITH, RR GRAU, CR AF VENUTO, BC SMITH, RR GRAU, CR TI VIRULENCE, LEGUME HOST-SPECIFICITY, AND GENETIC RELATEDNESS OF ISOLATES OF FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM FROM RED-CLOVER SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; LYCOPERSICI AB Fusarium oxysporum is the most prevalent fungal pathogen recovered from symptomatic red clover (Trifolium pratense) plants in Wisconsin and contributes to stand loss and reduced productivity. Three field isolates and 44 single-conidium isolates of F. oxysporum were recovered from red clover plants with vascular wilt symptoms and assessed for virulence, host specificity, and source of variation in host reaction. In addition, genetic relatedness of selected isolates was determined by vegetative compatibility groups (VCG). Twenty-one populations of red clover, two populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and one population each of alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum), ladino clover (Trifolium repens), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) were tested for their reaction to isolates of F. oxysporum. Host populations differed significantly in their reaction to specific field isolates or single-conidium isolates. Isolates differed significantly in their ability to elicit reactions both among and within host species. VCGs were not useful in predicting host reaction because isolates from distinct groupings elicited similar host reactions. The reaction of red clover to F. oxysporum is attributable to genetic diversity in isolate virulence as well as to variation within the host population for resistance. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT AGRON,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. RP VENUTO, BC (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,CTR AGR,DEPT AGRON,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 406 EP 410 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800019 ER PT J AU VANDERZWET, T AF VANDERZWET, T TI FIRST REPORT OF ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA ON NEW HOST SPECIES IN THE GENUS SORBUS SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Note RP VANDERZWET, T (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN FRUIT RES STN,45 WILTSHIRE RD,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 424 EP 424 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800025 ER PT J AU HARTMAN, GL LEE, GB AF HARTMAN, GL LEE, GB TI VELVETLEAF AS A HOST FOR SEPTORIA GLYCINES SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,URBANA,IL 61801. USDA ARS,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1995 VL 79 IS 4 BP 426 EP 426 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QV238 UT WOS:A1995QV23800033 ER PT J AU ALBERT, H DALE, EC LEE, E OW, DW AF ALBERT, H DALE, EC LEE, E OW, DW TI SITE-SPECIFIC INTEGRATION OF DNA INTO WILD-TYPE AND MUTANT LOX SITES PLACED IN THE PLANT GENOME SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; CRE RECOMBINASE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PETUNIA; INACTIVATION; SUPPRESSION; METHYLATION AB The bacteriophage pi Cre-lox site-specific recombination system has been used to integrate DNA specifically at lox sites previously placed in the tobacco genome. As integrated molecules flanked by wild-type lox sites can readily excise in the presence of Cre recombinase, screening for mutant lox sites that can resist excisional recombination was performed. In gene integration experiments, wild-type and mutant lox sites were used in conjunction with two strategies for abolishing post-integration Cre activity: (i) promoter displacement of a cre-expression construct present in the target genome; and (ii) transient expression of cre. When the promoter displacement strategy was used, integrant plants were recovered after transformation with constructs containing mutant lox sequences, but not with constructs containing wild-type lox sites. When cre was transiently expressed, integrant plants were obtained after transformation with either mutant or wild-type lox sites. DNA rearrangements at the target locus were less frequent when mutant lox sites were used. DNA integration at the genomic lox site was usually without additional insertions in the genome. Thus, the Cre-lox site-specific recombination system is useful for the single-copy integration of DNA into a chromosomal lox site. RP ALBERT, H (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 35 TC 253 Z9 271 U1 3 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 4 BP 649 EP 659 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1995.7040649.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QU558 UT WOS:A1995QU55800011 PM 7742860 ER PT J AU OSBORNE, BI WIRTZ, U BAKER, B AF OSBORNE, BI WIRTZ, U BAKER, B TI A SYSTEM FOR INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS AND CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT USING THE DS TRANSPOSON AND CRE-LOX SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; ENGINEERING HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CONTROLLING ELEMENT ACTIVATOR; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GERMINAL TRANSPOSITION; ANTHOCYANIN PRODUCTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SELECTABLE MARKERS AB A system for insertional mutagenesis and chromosomal rearrangement in Arabidopsis has been developed. The T-DNA vectors are based on the maize transposon Ds, lox sites from the Cre-lox site-specific recombination system, and transcriptional fusions expressing Ac transposase or Cre recombinase. The engineered transposon is termed Dslox. Transposed Dslox insertions were created by crossing plants bearing Dslox with plants expressing Ac transposase, then simultaneously selecting for excision and reinsertion in F-2 seedlings using the herbicides chlorsulfuron and phosphonothricin, respectively. F-2 plants bearing stable Dslox insertions were identified by scoring for the absence of the Ac transposase T-DNA, using a novel, visual marker in that T-DNA. Two independent Dslox insertions were characterized and placed 5.6 and 16.5 cM from their T-DNAlox, which mapped close to m506 on chromosome 4. Plants bearing either of the two different transposed Dsloxs and T-DNAlox were crossed to plants expressing Cre recombinase, which catalyzed recombination between the lox site in transposed Dslox and the lox site in T-DNAlox. Lox-lox recombinants were identified selectively amongst progeny of these crosses. Molecular and genetic analysis of the lox-lox rearrangements indicated that both were inversions. The smaller inversion was germinally transmitted from generation to generation as a simple trait, whereas the larger inversion was not transmitted to progeny of plants bearing the rearrangement. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. USDA ARS,ALBANY,CA 94710. RI Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016 OI Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X NR 66 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 1995 VL 7 IS 4 BP 687 EP 701 DI 10.1046/j.1365-313X.1995.7040687.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QU558 UT WOS:A1995QU55800014 PM 7742862 ER PT J AU HELARIUTTA, Y ELOMAA, P KOTILAINEN, M GRIESBACH, RJ SCHRODER, J TEERI, TH AF HELARIUTTA, Y ELOMAA, P KOTILAINEN, M GRIESBACH, RJ SCHRODER, J TEERI, TH TI CHALCONE SYNTHASE-LIKE GENES ACTIVE DURING COROLLA DEVELOPMENT ARE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED AND ENCODE ENZYMES WITH DIFFERENT CATALYTIC PROPERTIES IN GERBERA-HYBRIDA (ASTERACEAE) SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHALCONE SYNTHASE; FLAVONOID; FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; ORGAN-SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION; PHENYLPROPANOID ID PLANT-SPECIFIC PATHWAYS; PINE PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; SATIVA SUBSP NIGRA; FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; ANTIRRHINUM-MAJUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PETUNIA-HYBRIDA; ZEA-MAYS; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS AB Recent studies on chalcone synthase (CHS) and the related stilbene synthase (STS) suggest that the structure of chs-like genes in plants has evolved into different forms, whose members have both different regulation and capacity to code for different but related enzymatic activities. We have studied the diversity of chs-like genes by analysing the structure, expression patterns and catalytic properties of the corresponding enzymes of three genes that are active during corolla development in Gerbera hybrida. The expression patterns demonstrate that chs-like genes are representatives of three distinct genetic programmes that are active during organ differentiation in gerbera. Gchs1 and gchs3 code for typical CHS enzymes, and their gene expression pattern temporally correlates with flavonol (gchs1, gchs3) and anthocyanin (gchs1) synthesis during corolla development. Gchs2 is different. The expression pattern does not correlate with the pigmentation pattern, the amino acid sequence deviates considerably from the consensus of typical CHSs, and the catalytic properties are different. The data indicate that it represents a new member in the large superfamily of chs and chs-related genes. C1 USDA,US NATL ARBORETUM,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV FREIBURG,INST BIOL 2,D-79104 FREIBURG,GERMANY. RP HELARIUTTA, Y (reprint author), UNIV HELSINKI,INST BIOTECHNOL,POB 45,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. OI Elomaa, Paula/0000-0001-6512-0810; Teeri, Teemu/0000-0002-3812-7213 NR 61 TC 80 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 47 EP 60 DI 10.1007/BF00042037 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA RF036 UT WOS:A1995RF03600005 PM 7787187 ER PT J AU AMMAR, ED GINGERY, RE MADDEN, LV AF AMMAR, ED GINGERY, RE MADDEN, LV TI TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY OF 3 ISOLATES OF MAIZE STRIPE TENUIVIRUS IN RELATION TO VIRUS TITER IN THE PLANTHOPPER VECTOR SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PEREGRINUS-MAIDIS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; MULTIPLICATION; LEAFHOPPER AB Isolates of maize stripe tenuivirus (MStV) from Florida (US), Costa Rica (CR), and Nigeria, Africa (AF), were transmitted to maize plants by the planthopper Peregrinus maidis (from Hawaii) with respective frequencies of 0, 18, and 60% after a 1-day acquisition access period on diseased plants, and with frequencies of 18, 71 and 93%, respectively, after a 7-day access period. These isolates were transmitted transovarially to progeny planthoppers with respective frequencies of 21, 32, and 47%. The latent period in the vector, following oral acquisition of MStV, was significantly longer in the US isolate than in the AF- or CR isolates. ELISA tests of MStV-inoculative planthoppers indicated a significantly lower titre of MStV-US compared with MStV-CR or MStV-AF. These results suggest that, compared with the US isolate, the AF and CR isolates of MStV multiply faster and reach higher levels in, and are transmitted more efficiently by, P. maidis from Hawaii. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,WOOSTER,OH 44691. USDA ARS,CORN & SOYBEAN RES UNIT,WOOSTER,OH. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 44 IS 2 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02774.x PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RL369 UT WOS:A1995RL36900002 ER PT J AU DENISON, RF HARTER, BL AF DENISON, RF HARTER, BL TI NITRATE EFFECTS ON NODULE OXYGEN PERMEABILITY AND LEGHEMOGLOBIN - NODULE OXIMETRY AND COMPUTER MODELING SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEGUME ROOT-NODULES; NITROGENASE ACTIVITY; SOYBEAN NODULES; O2 PERMEABILITY; N-2 FIXATION; RESPIRATION; INHIBITION; DIFFUSION; MECHANISM; TRANSPORT AB Two current hypotheses to explain nitrate inhibition of nodule function both involve decreased O-2 supply for respiration in support of N-2 fixation. This decrease could result from either (a) decreased O-2 permeability (P-O) of the nodule cortex, or (b) conversion of leghemoglobin (Lb) to an inactive, nitrosyl form. These hypotheses were tested using alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Weevlchek) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L. cv Fergus) plants grown in growth pouches under controlled conditions. Nodulated roots were exposed to 10 mM KNO3 or KCl. Fractional oxygenation of Lb under air (FOL(air)), relative concentration of functional Lb, apparent P-O, and O-2-saturated central zone respiration rate were all monitored by nodule oximetry. Apparent P-O and FOL(air) in nitrate-treated nodules decreased to <50% of values for KCl controls within 24 h, but there was no decrease in functional Lb concentration during the first 72 h. In nitrate-treated alfalfa, but not in birdsfoot trefoil, FOL(air), apparent P-O, and O-2-saturated central zone respiration rate decreased during each light period and recovered somewhat during the subsequent dark period. This species difference could be explained by greater reliance on photoreduction of nitrate in alfalfa than in birdsfoot trefoil. Computer simulations extended the experimental results, showing that previously reported decreases in apparent P-O Glycine max nodules with nitrate exposure cannot be explained by hypothetical decreases in the concentration or O-2 affinity of Lb. C1 USDA ARS,BECKLEY,WV 25802. RP DENISON, RF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 107 IS 4 BP 1355 EP 1364 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QT402 UT WOS:A1995QT40200037 ER PT J AU MARKS, HL AF MARKS, HL TI SELECTION FOR HIGH 8-WEEK BODY-WEIGHT IN NORMAL AND DWARF CHICKENS UNDER HIGH-PROTEIN AND HIGH-ENERGY DIETS SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BODY WEIGHT; SELECTION ENVIRONMENTS; WATER TO FEED RATIO; CHICKEN; ABDOMINAL FAT AB A study was conducted to examine genetic parameters associated with selection for high 8-wk BW in normal and dwarf Athens Canadian randombreds under two nutritional environments (high protein and high energy) and to determine the influence of the selection diet on subsequent water to feed ratios and abdominal fat levels. High-protein lines (HP) received a diet containing 25% CP and 3,100 kcal ME/kg, whereas high-energy Lines (HE) received a 22% CP diet containing 3,200 kcal ME/kg. Body weights, selection gains, selection differentials, and heritabilities were similar for normal HP and HE lines. There was evidence, however, that the realized heritability was greater in the HE than the HP dwarf line. Similar selection differentials indicate that this difference was apparently due to the expression of greater genetic variation in the HE dwarf line. Water intake, feed intake, water to feed ratio, and abdominal fat data for the four lines under ''selection'' and ''reciprocal'' environments differed between experiments. In Experiment 1, when fed the HE diet, normal birds selected under the HP environment had higher (P < .05) water to feed ratios and lower abdominal fat levels than contemporaries selected under the HE diet. However, these differences were not significant in Experiment 2. RP MARKS, HL (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,107 LIVESTOCK POULTRY BLDG,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 74 IS 4 BP 593 EP 600 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QQ284 UT WOS:A1995QQ28400001 PM 7792229 ER PT J AU ABONORAG, M EDRINGTON, TS KUBENA, LF HARVEY, RB PHILLIPS, TD AF ABONORAG, M EDRINGTON, TS KUBENA, LF HARVEY, RB PHILLIPS, TD TI INFLUENCE OF A HYDRATED SODIUM-CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE AND VIRGINIAMYCIN ON AFLATOXICOSIS IN BROILER CHICKS SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AFLATOXIN; BROILER; HYDRATED SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; VIRGINIAMYCIN; GROWTH ID TURKEY POULTS; PHOSPHORUS UTILIZATION; T-2 TOXIN; DIETS; PREVENTION; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIMINUTION; TOXICITY; SORBENT; GROWTH AB Male broiler chicks were fed diets containing 0 or 3.5 mg aflatoxin (AF)/kg from 1 to 28 d of age. The diets were amended with either .5% hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), 16.5 mg virginiamycin (VM)/kg of diet, or .5% HSCAS + 16.5 mg VM/kg of diet to determine the effects of these compounds during aflatoxicosis. When compared with controls (814 g), BW gains were significantly lower for broilers fed the AF (731 g) or AF + VM (716 g) diets. No differences were found between the BW gains of chicks fed diets without aflatoxin (814 g) and those of chicks fed AF + HSCAS (793 g) or AF + HSCAS + VM (803 g), indicating approximately 75% protection against decreased BW gain by HSCAS and 87% protection by the HSCAS + VM combination. Relative weights of the liver and kidney and creatine kinase activity were significantly increased and albumin, total protein, cholesterol, uric acid, and inorganic phosphorus concentrations were decreased in chicks fed the diet containing AF alone. With the exception of albumin, HSCAS was effective in restoring these values to control values. The findings of this research suggest that HSCAS and HSCAS + VM can counteract some of the toxic effects of AF in growing broiler chicks. C1 USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT VET ANAT & PUBL HLTH,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NR 40 TC 26 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 74 IS 4 BP 626 EP 632 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QQ284 UT WOS:A1995QQ28400006 PM 7792233 ER PT J AU ARNOLD, JW HOLT, PS AF ARNOLD, JW HOLT, PS TI RESPONSE TO SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION BY THE IMMUNOCOMPROMISED AVIAN HOST SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; CHICKEN; CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY ID CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; CHICKENS; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; CYCLOSPORINE; TYPHIMURIUM; STRATEGIES; ANTIBODIES; INITIATION AB To develop knowledge of the avian immune response and improve the ability of chickens to resist infection by Salmonella enteritidis (SE), the role of the different components of the immune response against SE infection was examined. Birds were given treatments with cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine A, or testosterone propionate to induce immunological deficiency, and experiments were performed to determine the effects of each on the immune response. Each treatment reduced hatch rate, survival rate, and rate of weight gain. As measured by flow cytometry, treatments with cyclophosphamide and testosterone propionate decreased the percentages of B cells to background levels and increased the percentages of CT8 cells significantly above controls. The intestinal shed rate of SE increased after treatment with testosterone propionate and cyclophosphamide, but dissemination to the spleen of infected birds was not different from controls for any treatment. The SE infection was also immunosuppressive as measured by the proliferative response to mitogenic stimulation. Maximum lymphocyte proliferation occurred 1 wk after infection in response to .5 mu g concanavalin A per 10(6) cells. By the 2nd wk, proliferation dropped 10-fold to almost no response. Results showed that immunocompetence relied on interdependent functions of multiple components of the immune response, i.e., aspects of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. C1 USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,ATHENS,GA 30605. NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 74 IS 4 BP 656 EP 665 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA QQ284 UT WOS:A1995QQ28400010 PM 7792237 ER PT J AU HENRY, TJ AF HENRY, TJ TI PROBOSCIDOTYLUS CARVALHOI A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC PLANT BUG FROM MEXICO (HETEROPTERA, MIRIDAE, ORTHOTYLINAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE INSECTA; HETEROPTERA; ORTHOTYLINAE; NEW GENUS; NEW SPECIES; SEXUAL DIMORPHISM; MEXICO; VERACRUZ AB The new orthotyline genus and species Proboscidotylus carvalhoi are described from specimens collected in Veracruz, Mexico. This new mirid, with the male possessing an elongate tubercle at the apex of the tylus, represents one of the most unusual cases of sexual dimorphism in the subfamily Orthotylinae. An adult habitus drawing, illustrations of male genitalia, and scanning electron micrographs of selected structures are furnished to aid in recognition, and relationships are discussed. RP HENRY, TJ (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,MRC-168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1995 VL 97 IS 2 BP 340 EP 345 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA RG402 UT WOS:A1995RG40200009 ER PT J AU PRICE, JC BAUSCH, WC AF PRICE, JC BAUSCH, WC TI LEAF-AREA INDEX ESTIMATION FROM VISIBLE AND NEAR-INFRARED REFLECTANCE DATA SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL VEGETATION INDEXES; AVHRR RED; SATELLITE; INFORMATION AB A two-stream description of the interaction of radiation with vegetation and soil is tested with experimental data for a corn canopy. The results indicate that the two parameters of the theory (reflectance of a dense canopy and the attenuation coefficient for radiation in the canopy) can be estimated for the Thematic Mapper spectral bands. A collection of soil reflectance data is used to develop relationships between near-infrared reflectance and visible reflectances. Jointly the canopy and soil formulations verify the potential for estimating leaf area index from radiation measurements in the visible and near-infrared. C1 USDA ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. RP PRICE, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,REMOTE SENSING LAB,BLDG 7,BARC W,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 23 TC 78 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD APR PY 1995 VL 52 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1016/0034-4257(94)00111-Y PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA RE087 UT WOS:A1995RE08700004 ER PT J AU BALCH, GI SUTTON, SM AF BALCH, GI SUTTON, SM TI PUTTING THE 1ST AUDIENCE 1ST - CONDUCTING USEFUL EVALUATION FOR A RISK-RELATED GOVERNMENT AGENCY SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE COMMUNICATION; EVALUATION; RESEARCH UTILIZATION; GOVERNMENT; MANAGEMENT AB The risk communication practitioner in a government agency has two essential, interdependent tasks. One is to help develop and monitor effective communication programs with various external public audiences. The other task is to do the same thing for the senior government managers whose support is a prerequisite to addressing the first audience. Hence, the second audience-the manager-is really the first. This paper addresses ways in which communication practitioners can satisfy this crucial audience. A profile of these managers suggests that they would find it highly beneficial to have more control over the public problems they encounter, especially in view of the growing pressures to do more with less and demonstrate ''customer satisfaction.'' They would rather avoid crises than manage them. And they would rather have their bosses praise their successes than challenge their budgets or punish their perceived difficulties or failures. Communication practitioners who can help them attain such benefits will find their efforts in great demand. They would be helpful team members who provide timely insights that can make and show agency success. We offer ten ways for communication practitioners to be more useful which focus their current strengths on satisfying senior managers' needs by becoming more valuable members of the program team. By becoming more useful to the senior manager they serve both the agency and its publics. C1 USDA,FOOD & CONSUMER SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP BALCH, GI (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,PREVENT RES CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60680, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1995.tb00310.x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA RE091 UT WOS:A1995RE09100009 PM 7597254 ER PT J AU KWANG, J KEEN, J CUTLIP, RC KIM, HS DELACONCHABERMEJILLO, A AF KWANG, J KEEN, J CUTLIP, RC KIM, HS DELACONCHABERMEJILLO, A TI SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF CAPRINE LENTIVIRUS INFECTION BY RECOMBINANT IMMUNOASSAYS SO SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CAPRINE; OVINE LENTIVIRUS; SEROLOGY; IMMUNOASSAY AB Recombinant major core protein p25 (rP25) and transmembrane protein gp40 (rTM) of the ovine lentivirus (OLV) were used as immobilized antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of antibodies against caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV). The sensitivity and specificity of these assays were compared with an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test and a whole-virus ELISA. The results showed that the rTM ELISA was more effective than rP25 ELISA or AGID test in identifying CAEV antibodies in goat populations, The rTM ELISA had similar sensitivity and specificity as the whole-virus ELISA, with an overall concordance of 87.5%. When data for rP25 and rTM were combined, the overall test agreement between whole-virus ELISA and combined recombinant ELISAs increased to 89.3%. The high quantity and purity characteristic of recombinant proteins should make them suitable as routine diagnostic antigens for CAEV and OLV serology. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,URBANA,IL 61801. USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT PATHOBIOL,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,SAN ANGELO,TX 76901. RP KWANG, J (reprint author), USDA ARS,US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4488 J9 SMALL RUMINANT RES JI Small Ruminant Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 16 IS 2 BP 171 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0921-4488(95)00623-S PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA RA469 UT WOS:A1995RA46900010 ER PT J AU HUANG, K VANGENUCHTEN, MT AF HUANG, K VANGENUCHTEN, MT TI AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR PREDICTING SOLUTE TRANSPORT DURING PONDED INFILTRATION SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER; SOIL AB An analytical solution is presented for one-dimensional solute transport in soil during ponded infiltration. The pore-water velocity v = q/theta in the convection-dispersion transport equation was obtained by assuming that the water flux density a in the soil can be calculated with the Green-Ampt infiltration model, q = a + b/I, in which a and b are constants and I is the cumulative infiltration rate evaluated using Philip's two-term infiltration equation. The water content theta was approximated by the saturated water content, theta(s). Through an appropriate transformation, the solute transport equation for transient unsaturated flow conditions was linearized and solved analytically for a general initial concentration profile given by an arbitrary number of straight line segments. The solution compared well with more complete numerical solutions of the transport problem, as well as with several experimental data sets. RP HUANG, K (reprint author), USDA ARS,US SALIN LAB,4500 GLENWOOD DR,RIVERSIDE,CA 92501, USA. RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 159 IS 4 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1097/00010694-199504000-00001 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QU906 UT WOS:A1995QU90600001 ER PT J AU SHARPLEY, AN SMITH, SJ AF SHARPLEY, AN SMITH, SJ TI NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FORMS IN SOILS RECEIVING MANURE SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Increasing production of beef, poultry, and swine from confined feeding operations in the Southern Plains necessitates that larger amounts of manure be applied to limited areas of agricultural land. If long-term manure applications of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in manure exceed crop removal, the accumulation of soil N and P can result in levels that pose a problem of concern to both surface and groundwater resources. We investigated the effect of beef feedlot manure, poultry litter, and swine slurry applications (100-1000 kgN and 37-270 kgP ha(-1) yr(-1)) for up to 35 years on the forms of N and P in 20 soils from the Southern Plains. Manure applications increased amounts of organic soil N but had little influence on the distribution or availability of N forms measured, In contrast with N, manure increased available inorganic P (IP) fractions 15 to 187 mg kg(-1) (bicarbonate extractable). Although manure also increased labile bicarbonate extractable organic P (OF) on average 162%, there was a general shift from OP dominace in untreated soils (64%) to IP in treated soils (60%). The major portion of this IP increase was Ca-bound (HCl extractable). The large amounts of Ca added in manure (2-60 g Ca kg(-1)) tended to dominate inorganic P availability reactions in manure-treated soils relative to untreated soils, even with soils of pH 6.0. Thus, current soil P tests, particularly acid-based extractants (Pray 1 and Mehlich 3), may overestimate soil P levels available for plant uptake or transport in runoff. RP SHARPLEY, AN (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL AGR WATER QUAL LAB,POB 1430,DURANT,OK 74702, USA. NR 22 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 159 IS 4 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.1097/00010694-199504000-00004 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QU906 UT WOS:A1995QU90600005 ER PT J AU KARLEN, DL WOLLENHAUPT, NC ERBACH, DC BERRY, EC SWAN, JB EASH, NS JORDAHL, JL AF KARLEN, DL WOLLENHAUPT, NC ERBACH, DC BERRY, EC SWAN, JB EASH, NS JORDAHL, JL TI LONG-TERM TILLAGE EFFECTS ON SOIL QUALITY (VOL 32, PG 313, 1994) SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 DEPT SOIL SCI,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV IOWA,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP KARLEN, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,2150 PAMMEL DR,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 34 IS 1 BP 77 EP 78 PG 2 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA RA105 UT WOS:A1995RA10500005 ER PT J AU LASZLO, JA AF LASZLO, JA TI ELECTROLYTE EFFECTS ON HYDROLYZED REACTIVE DYE BINDING TO QUATERNIZED CELLULOSE SO TEXTILE CHEMIST AND COLORIST LA English DT Article DE DECOLORIZATION; ION EXCHANGE; REACTIVE DYE; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT AB The presence of fiber-reactive dye hydrolysis products in dyehouse effluents poses a difficult wastewater treatment problem. Although conventional ion-exchange resins can be used to remediate reactive dye-containing effluents, regeneration of resin exchange capacity can require the use of organic solvents, substantially increasing the cost of the treatment process. This study shows that quaternized cellulose can remove reactive dye hydrolysis products from effluent, largely unhindered by typical dyebath concentrations of electrolytes. Furthermore, the dye adsorption capacity of the quaternized cellulose can be regenerated by base treatment (aqueous NaOH). Quaternized cellulose offers economic advantages over other ion-exchange systems in decolorization of dyehouse wastewater. RP LASZLO, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSN TEXT CHEM COLOR PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0040-490X J9 TEXT CHEM COLOR JI Text. Chem. Color. PD APR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 4 BP 25 EP 27 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA QT271 UT WOS:A1995QT27100007 ER PT J AU GOYNES, WR INGBER, BF THIBODEAUX, DP AF GOYNES, WR INGBER, BF THIBODEAUX, DP TI INTRODUCTORY STUDY OF STRUCTURES OF COTTON MOTES AND MOTE FIBERS SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Abnormalities in cotton fibers and seed formation produce materials that cause defects during production of textiles. The source of some of these defects has been traced to motes and mote, or undeveloped, fibers. Structures of motes and mote fibers are shown using light and electron microscopy. Boils collected from normal, stressed, and diseased plants are compared for numbers and kinds of motes. Small motes are difficult to separate from fiber bundles after bell opening. Large motes have undeveloped embryos and break apart more readily than do normally developed seeds. Mote fibers may develop into long, hollow tubes without secondary cellulose layers. These flat fibers contain little cellulose compared to fully developed fibers. Both the chemical and physical structures of motes and mote fibers contribute to defects in textile products. RP GOYNES, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD APR PY 1995 VL 65 IS 4 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1177/004051759506500405 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA QQ056 UT WOS:A1995QQ05600005 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, E MIKLAS, PN STAVELY, JR MARTINEZCRUZADO, JC AF JOHNSON, E MIKLAS, PN STAVELY, JR MARTINEZCRUZADO, JC TI COUPLING-PHASE AND REPULSION-PHASE RAPDS FOR MARKET ASSISTED SELECTION OF PI-181996 RUST RESISTANCE IN COMMON BEAN SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L; UROMYCES APPENDICULATUS; GENE PYRAMIDING; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES (NILS); GENETIC MARKERS ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; GENES AB The Guatemalan black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plant introduction (PI) 181996 is resistant to all known US races of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers, ex Pers.) Unger var. appendiculatus [syn. U. phaseoli (Reben) Wint.]. We report on two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers OAC20(490) tightly linked (no recombinants) in coupling phase and OAE19(890) linked in repulsion phase (at 6.2+/-2.8 cM) to PI 181996 rust resistance, These RAPDs, generated by single decamer primers in the polymerase chain reaction, were identified in near-isogenic bulks of non-segregating resist ant and susceptible BC4F2 (NX-040*4/PI 181996) lines. Linkage of the RAPD markers was confirmed by screening 19 BC4F2 and 57 BC4F3 individuals segregating for PI 181996 resistance. Utility of the RAPDs OAC20(490) and OAE19(890) was investigated in a diverse group of common bean cultivars and lines. All cultivars into which the PI 181996 resistance was introgressed had the RAPD OAC20(490). A RAPD similar in size to OAC20(490) observed in some susceptible common bean lines, was confirmed by Southern blotting to be homologous to the RAPD OAC20(490). Use of the RAPDs OAC20(490) and OAE19(890) in marker-assisted selection (MAS) is proposed. The coupling-phase RAPD is most useful for MAS of resistant BCnF1 individuals during traditional backcross breeding. The repulsion-phase RAPD has greatest utility in MAS of homozygous-resistant individuals in F-2 or later-segregating generations. C1 USDA ARS,TROP AGR RES STN,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00681. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL & PLANT PATHOL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT BIOL,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00680. NR 27 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 1995 VL 90 IS 5 BP 659 EP 664 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA QV218 UT WOS:A1995QV21800011 PM 24174024 ER PT J AU WOLF, AT BURK, TE ISEBRANDS, JG AF WOLF, AT BURK, TE ISEBRANDS, JG TI EVALUATION OF SAMPLING SCHEMES FOR ESTIMATING INSTANTANEOUS WHOLE-TREE PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN POPULUS CLONES - A MODELING APPROACH SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ECOPHYS; LEAF ORIENTATION; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE; POPLAR; WEATHER ID GROWTH-PROCESS MODEL; ECOPHYS AB We evaluated several sampling schemes for estimating instantaneous whole-tree photosynthesis of 1-year-old Populus clones. Growth of two clones was simulated under varying weather conditions and leaf orientation scenarios providing photosynthetic data on a leaf-by-leaf basis throughout the growing season. Simple random sampling, stratified random sampling and a series of physiologically based sampling schemes were evaluated using either whole-leaf photosynthesis or photosynthetic rate (i.e., photosynthesis per unit leaf area) as the sampling attribute. Ratio and regression estimators with leaf area as an auxiliary variable were also studied. On the basis of their bias and accuracy in estimating instantaneous whole-tree photosynthesis (mg CO2), the physiologically based sampling schemes were superior for all combinations of clone type, weather condition and leaf orientation. Aspects of extending the sampling process to estimate daily and seasonal photosynthesis are also elaborated. C1 US FOREST SERV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,RHINELANDER,WI 54501. RP WOLF, AT (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT FOREST RESOURCES,ST PAUL,MN 55108, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA BOX 5579 STATION B, VICTORIA BC V8R 6S4, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 237 EP 244 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QT736 UT WOS:A1995QT73600004 ER PT J AU GARRETT, PW GRABER, RE AF GARRETT, PW GRABER, RE TI SUGAR MAPLE SEED PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN NEW-HAMPSHIRE SO USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION RESEARCH PAPER LA English DT Article AB Large numbers of sugar maple seed are dispersed every second or third year. Very little seed was damaged by insects or mammals prior to dispersal. The trapping methods used prevented major losses following seed fall. Seed production was positively correlated with tree diameter and density but not with age of seed trees. RP GARRETT, PW (reprint author), NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPT STN,DURHAM,NH, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE NORTH EASTERN FOREST EXP STATION PI DELAWARE PA 359 MAIN RD, DELAWARE, OH 43015 J9 USDA FOR SERV NE RES JI USDA For. Serv. Northeast. For. Exp. Stn. Res. Pap. PD APR PY 1995 IS 697 BP U1 EP 6 PG 0 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA RA883 UT WOS:A1995RA88300001 ER PT J AU STABEL, JR STABEL, TJ AF STABEL, JR STABEL, TJ TI IMMORTALIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BOVINE PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES TRANSFECTED WITH SV40 PLASMID DNA SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LARGE-T-ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SIMIAN VIRUS-40; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NITROCELLULOSE; EXPRESSION; INGESTION; MONOCYTES; CULTURE AB A transformed bovine peritoneal macrophage cell line was developed and characterized. Primary peritoneal macrophages were transformed by calcium-phosphate transfection with SV40 plasmid DNA. The transformed cell line retained the morphology of resident peritoneal macrophages as determined by light microscopy and histochemical analysis showed non-specific esterase activity. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of transformed peritoneal macrophages for lysozyme activity was positive. Transformed cells phagocytized Staphylococcus aureus, lysed chicken red blood cell (RBC) targets with and without opsonization and produced hydrogen peroxide radicals and interleukin-6 upon stimulation with opsonized zymosan and lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Transformed cells were also able to ingest and kill Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, an acid-fast bacillus. These results suggest that this cell line should be useful to study interactions between the bovine and intracellular pathogens. RP STABEL, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,DAYTON RD,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 24 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 3-4 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1016/0165-2427(94)05348-V PG 10 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA RB432 UT WOS:A1995RB43200002 PM 7676607 ER PT J AU STABEL, JR AF STABEL, JR TI TEMPORAL EFFECTS OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA ON INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL OF MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; AVIUM COMPLEX; GROWTH; TUBERCULOSIS; INTERLEUKIN-1; INTERFERON; ACTIVATION; INFECTION; MONOCYTES AB The causative agent in Johne's disease is Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, an intracellular pathogen which causes enteritis in ruminants. Little is known about interactions between the host cell (macrophage) and M. paratuberculosis; however, this bacterium is able to evade normal host immune defenses and cause a chronic infective state. In the present study, we evaluated whether activation of a murine macrophage cell line (J774.16) by pretreatment with recombinant murine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) prior to infection with M. paratuberculosis would affect their ability to restrict growth and kill the ingested bacteria. A murine cell line was utilized owing to difficulty in obtaining bovine reagents and lack of a continuous bovine macrophage cell line for repeated experimentation. After 4 h of infection, numbers of viable bacteria in cell lysates were significantly lower for macrophages pretreated with 1000 IU TNF ml(-1). The rate of bacterial growth as assessed by BACTEC radiometric culture system was also reduced at this time point. Upon further extension of the infection period to 72 h, we observed that moderate doses of TNF (10-1000 IU ml(-1)) significantly increased the number of viable M. paratuberculosis recovered whereas the highest dose of TNF (4000 IU ml(-1)) effectively reduced bacterial numbers. These data indicate that TNF can either enhance or reduce macrophage mycobactericidal and mycobacteriostatic activity depending upon both the level of TNF to which cells are exposed and the duration of infection. RP STABEL, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,LEPTOSPIROSIS & MYCOBACTERIOSIS RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 3-4 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1016/0165-2427(94)05342-P PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA RB432 UT WOS:A1995RB43200010 PM 7676613 ER PT J AU KATZ, JB SHAFER, AL EERNISSE, KA LANDGRAF, JG NELSON, EA AF KATZ, JB SHAFER, AL EERNISSE, KA LANDGRAF, JG NELSON, EA TI ANTIGENIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN ISOLATES OF PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS (PRRSV) ARE ENCODED BY THE CARBOXYTERMINAL PORTION OF VIRAL OPEN READING FRAME-3 SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTIGEN, VIRUS; ARTERIVIRUS; SERODIAGNOSIS; PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN ID SYNDROME SIRS VIRUS; SWINE INFERTILITY; LELYSTAD VIRUS; ATCC VR-2332; PROTEIN; ANTIBODY; DISEASE; PIGS; LDV AB Antigenic differences between European and American isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were revealed by serologic analysis of a recombinant protein derived from PRRSV open reading frame 3 (ORF 3). The hydrophilic carboxyterminal 199 amino acids encoded by the ORF 3 of a European (Lelystad) isolate of PRRSV were expressed as a recombinant fusion protein (BP03-P) in a baculovirus gene expression system. Sera from gnotobiotic swine exposed to prototypic reference European and American isolates of PRRSV and sera from conventionally reared European and American swine convalescing from naturally acquired PRRSV infections were used to characterize the BP03-P protein. Sera from gnotobiotic and conventionally reared swine exposed to European isolates of PRRSV were significantly more reactive (P<0.01) with BP03-P than were the corresponding American PRRSV antisera using the indirect immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). Prototypic European, but not American, PRRSV antisera also recognized BP03-P using western immunoblotting and radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) procedures. However, gnotobiotically derived antiserum to an atypical American-origin PRRSV was reactive with BP03-P by both IPMA and western immunoblot. Despite a predicted potential for N-linked glycosylation, studies with tunicamycin and peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) indicated that BP03-P was not N-glycosylated in either insect cell cultures or Trichoplusia ni larvae infected with the recombinant baculovirus, Sera from rabbits inoculated with BP03-P failed to neutralize both the European (Lelystad) and American (ATCC VR-2332) reference isolates of PRRSV and did not react by IPMA with PRRSV-infected cell cultures. Taken together, the data suggest that the carboxyterminal portion of PRRSV ORF 3 encodes a non-neutralizing viral peptide that is partially responsible for the serologic differences noted between European and most American isolates of PRRSV. C1 S DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT VET SCI,BROOKINGS,SD. RP KATZ, JB (reprint author), USDA,NATL VET SERV LABS,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,VET SERV,POB 844,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 31 TC 40 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1995 VL 44 IS 1 BP 65 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0378-1135(94)00113-B PG 12 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA QV398 UT WOS:A1995QV39800006 PM 7667907 ER PT J AU HAMMOND, RW CROSSLIN, JM AF HAMMOND, RW CROSSLIN, JM TI THE COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE OF RNA-3 OF A PEACH ISOLATE OF PRUNUS NECROTIC RINGSPOT VIRUS SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID SOUTH-CAROLINA; COAT PROTEIN; TREES; ILARVIRUSES; GROWTH AB The complete nucleotide sequence of RNA 3 of the PE-5 peach isolate of Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) was obtained from cloned cDNA. The RNA sequence is 1941 nucleotides acid contains two open reading frames (ORFs). ORF 1 consisted of 284 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 31,729 Da and ORF 2 contained 224 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 25,018 Da. ORF 2 corresponds to the coat protein gene. Expression of ORF 2 engineered into a pTrcHis vector in Escherichia coli results in a fusion polypeptide of approximately 28 kDa which crossreacts with PNRSV polyclonal antiserum. Analysis of the coat protein amino acid sequence reveals a putative ''zinc-finger'' domain at the amino-terminal portion of the protein. Two tetranucleotide AUGC motifs occur in the 3'-UTR of the RNA and may function in coat protein binding and genome activation. ORF 1 homologies to other ilarviruses and alfalfa mosaic virus are confined to limited regions of conserved amino acids. The translated amino acid sequence of the coal protein gene shows 92% similarity to one isolate of apple mosaic virus, a closely related member of the ilarvirus group of plant viruses, but only 66% similarity to the amino acid sequence of the coat protein gene of a second isolate. These relationships are also reflected at the nucleotide sequence level. These results in one instance confirm the close similarities observed at the biophysical and serological levels between these two viruses, but on the other hand call into question the nomenclature used to describe these viruses. RP HAMMOND, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 29 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 1 PY 1995 VL 208 IS 1 BP 349 EP 353 DI 10.1006/viro.1995.1159 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA QQ934 UT WOS:A1995QQ93400037 PM 11831718 ER PT J AU FLEMING, RA ADAMS, RM KIM, CS AF FLEMING, RA ADAMS, RM KIM, CS TI REGULATING GROUNDWATER POLLUTION - EFFECTS OF GEOPHYSICAL RESPONSE ASSUMPTIONS ON ECONOMIC-EFFICIENCY SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID QUALITY AB Most economic studies of groundwater pollution ignore important geophysical complexities of groundwater contamination. For example, most studies assume that nitrogen fertilizer instantaneously leaches into an underlying water aquifer. In reality, there are time lags between fertilizer application and nitrate contamination of groundwater which complicate establishment of efficient regulations. This paper uses an optimal control model to examine empirically the effects of time lags on regulatory efficiency. Results indicate that ignoring time lags can lead to regulatory actions that set suboptimal user fees, which lead to levels of damage greater than anticipated. The results confirm that transport time lags are important when setting pollution control policies. In the case of very long time lags, pollution control policies may have no effect. The impact that time lags have on policy is stable with regard to changes in key model parameters and changes in the production function. C1 USDA,ECON RES SERV,DIV RESOURCES & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC. RP FLEMING, RA (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT AGR & RESOURCE ECON,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1076 DI 10.1029/94WR03287 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QQ320 UT WOS:A1995QQ32000026 ER PT J AU MONTGOMERY, DR BUFFINGTON, JM SMITH, RD SCHMIDT, KM PESS, G AF MONTGOMERY, DR BUFFINGTON, JM SMITH, RD SCHMIDT, KM PESS, G TI POOL SPACING IN FOREST CHANNELS SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; STREAMS; MORPHOLOGY; FEATURES; OREGON; WASHINGTON; USA AB Field surveys of stream channels in forested mountain drainage basins in southeast Alaska and Washington reveal that pool spacing depends on large woody debris (LWD) loading and channel type, slope, and width. Mean pool spacing in pool-riffle, plane-bed, and forced pool-riffle channels systematically decreases from greater than 13 channel widths per pool to less than 1 channel width with increasing LWD loading, whereas pool spacing in generally steeper, step-pool channels is independent of LWD loading. Although plane-bed and pool-riffle channels occur at similar low LWD loading, they exhibit typical pool spacings of greater than 9 and 2-4 channel widths, respectively. Forced pool-riffle channels have high LWD loading, typical pool spacing of <2 channel widths, and slopes that overlap the ranges of free-formed pool-riffle and plane-bed channel types. While a forced pool-riffle morphology may mask either of these low-LWD-loading morphologies, channel slope provides an indicator of probable morphologic response to wood loss in forced pool-riffle reaches. At all study sites, less than 40% of the LWD pieces force the formation of a pool. We also find that channel width strongly influences pool spacing in forest streams with similar debris loading and that reaches flowing through previously clear-cut forests have lower LWD loading and hence fewer pools than reaches in pristine forests. C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,JUNEAU,AK. NAT RESOURCES DEPT,MARYSVILLE,WA. RP MONTGOMERY, DR (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT GEOL SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 50 TC 275 Z9 282 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1097 EP 1105 DI 10.1029/94WR03285 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QQ320 UT WOS:A1995QQ32000029 ER PT J AU LISLE, TE AF LISLE, TE TI PARTICLE-SIZE VARIATIONS BETWEEN BED-LOAD AND BED MATERIAL IN NATURAL GRAVEL-BED CHANNELS SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EAST FORK RIVER; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; SPAWNING GRAVELS; STREAMS; ENTRAINMENT; SEDIMENT; OREGON AB Particle sizes of bed load and bed material that represent materials transported and stored over a period of years are used to investigate selective transport in 13 previously sampled, natural gravel bed channels. The ratio (D*) of median particle size of bed material to the transport- and frequency-weighted mean of median bed load size decreases to unity with increasing drainage area, bank-full discharge, dimensionless stream power, and bed material sorting. In channels with high values of D*, significant volumes of fine bed load are transported during discharges that are less than bank-full, which is commonly associated with general entrainment of the coarse pavement in many gravel bed channels. This indicates transport of fine bed load over a more stable substrate of coarser bed material. The apparent breakdown in equal mobility of the bed as a whole may be caused by areal segregation of poorly sorted bed material into superiorly sorted patches of varying mean size. Likely sources of selectively transported fine bed load include fine patches that have low entrainment thresholds and high virtual particle velocities. A simple sediment budget applied to measurements from three channels indicates that velocities of material from fine patches in pools relative to velocities of average bed material are high in low-order channels and decrease distally as more bed material that represents the bed as a whole is accessed for bed load by deeper annual scour. RP LISLE, TE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,1700 BAYVIEW DR,ARCATA,CA 95521, USA. NR 66 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 31 IS 4 BP 1107 EP 1118 DI 10.1029/94WR02526 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA QQ320 UT WOS:A1995QQ32000030 ER PT J AU STREET, JE TERESIAK, H BOYKIN, DL ALLEN, RL AF STREET, JE TERESIAK, H BOYKIN, DL ALLEN, RL TI INTERACTION BETWEEN TIMINGS AND DOSES OF QUINCLORAC IN RICE SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ORYZA-SATIVA AB Quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid) is a new herbicide in United States rice production. Field studies were conducted in 1990 and 1991 in Mississippi to determine the influence of application timings and rates on weed control efficacy and rice yield. Control of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. (barnyardgrass), Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex A. W. Hill (hemp sesbania) and Ipomoea wrightii Gray (palmleaf morning glory) were greatest with early post-emergence application. Efficacy of pre-emergence application depends strongly on soil moisture, with significantly reduced weed control resulting when applied to dry soil. Weed control with pre-emergence application to moist soil was comparable with early post-emergence application at higher rates of quinclorac. Pre-plant and incorporated quinclorac controlled weeds effectively. Control of E. crus-galli, S. exaltata and I. wrightii ranged from 73 to 99%, 75 to 99%, and 92 to 99% at 28 days after treatment, respectively. Rice yield generally reflected weed control. No rice injury was observed for any treatment. Results indicate that early post-emergence application of quinclorac is the best time for using reduced rates and field conditions at application should be considered with these rates pre-emergence. C1 HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN,BERLIN,GERMANY. USDA ARS,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. RP STREET, JE (reprint author), MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,POB 197,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0043-1737 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb02019.x PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RH046 UT WOS:A1995RH04600002 ER PT J AU MADSEN, KH HEITHOLT, JJ DUKE, SO SMEDA, RJ STREIBIG, JC AF MADSEN, KH HEITHOLT, JJ DUKE, SO SMEDA, RJ STREIBIG, JC TI PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS IN GLYPHOSATE-TREATED SUGAR-BEET (BETA-VULGARIS L) SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LEAF PHOSPHATE STATUS; BEET LEAVES; CARBON ASSIMILATION; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; GAS-EXCHANGE; N-(PHOSPHONOMETHYL)GLYCINE; TRANSPORT; INVIVO AB Variable fluorescence and carbon dioxide exchange rate (CER) were measured in intact leaves of glyphosate-treated sugarbeet plants, to investigate rapid effects on photosynthesis. In one experiment, a significant effect on variable fluorescence and CER was found within 8 h after herbicide application. The effect on stomatal conductance was not significant. In a second experiment, the effects of light or dark conditions during herbicide application and 24 h later were evaluated. Under light conditions glyphosate significantly reduced variable fluorescence after 4 h. However under initial conditions of 24 h darkness, followed by alternating 8 h light/8 h dark, the effect was not significant until 44 h after treatment, by which time the plants had received several hours of light. The effect on variable fluorescence 8 h after herbicide application correlated positively with plant survival 7 days later. C1 USDA ARS,COTTON PHYSIOL & GENET LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. ROYAL VET & AGR UNIV,DEPT AGR SCI,DK-1871 FREDERIKSBERG C,DENMARK. RP MADSEN, KH (reprint author), DANISCO AS,MARIBO SEED,HOJBYGAARDVEJ 14,DK-4960 HOLEBY,DENMARK. RI Streibig, Jens Carl/G-5959-2014 OI Streibig, Jens Carl/0000-0002-6204-4004 NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0043-1737 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb02020.x PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RH046 UT WOS:A1995RH04600003 ER PT J AU DIONIGI, CP CHAMPAGNE, ET AF DIONIGI, CP CHAMPAGNE, ET TI COPPER-CONTAINING AQUATIC HERBICIDES INCREASE GEOSMIN BIOSYNTHESIS BY STREPTOMYCES-TENDAE AND PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE COPPER CHLORIDE; COPPER ETHYLENEDIAMINE COMPLEX; COPPER CHELATE; ALGICIDE; AQUACULTURE; SECONDARY METABOLITE; SPORULATION; WATER QUALITY ID AQUACULTURE AB Copper-containing herbicides are often applied to control photoautotrophic populations to reduce biosynthesis of the earthy odorant geosmin, The objective of this investigation was to determine the effects of copper-containing herbicides on geosmin and biomass biosynthesis by heterotrophic cultures of the bacterium Streptomyces tendae and the fungus Penicillium expansum. Cultures of S. tendae treated with 12.7 mg Cu L(-1) (copper sulfate) accumulated 44.6% more biomass and the mycelium contained five-fold greater concentrations of geosmin than controls, Additionally, P. expansum cultures exposed to 12.7 mg Cu L(-1) (copper sulfate) accumulated 9.2% more biomass and 18-fold greater concentrations of geosmin than controls, Cultures of Ei expansum and S. tendae, treated with copper chloride, copper-ethylenediamine complex, and copper chelate also accumulated more geosmin and biomass than controls, Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry of S. tendae of untreated control cultures indicated that cellular copper concentrations were below 0.5 mg Cu kg(-1). Ho ci ever, S. tendae cells grown on a medium containing 5 mg Cu L(-1) copper sulfate contained 12.88 +/- 0.54 mg Cu kg(-1), suggesting that cellular accumulation of copper may be associated with increased geosmin biosynthesis. If field microbial populations exhibit similar responses to copper, copper-algicide application may contribute to geosmin-induced ''off-flavors'' under certain circumstances. RP DIONIGI, CP (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,1100 ROBERT E LEE BLVD POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 196 EP 200 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200007 ER PT J AU MCWHORTER, CG PAUL, RN OUZTS, JC AF MCWHORTER, CG PAUL, RN OUZTS, JC TI BICELLULAR TRICHOMES OF JOHNSONGRASS (SORGHUM-HALEPENSE) LEAVES - MORPHOLOGY, HISTOCHEMISTRY, AND FUNCTION SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE LEAF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY; MICROHAIRS; SALT GLANDS; SECRETORY TRICHOMES; SORHA ID GLANDULAR TRICHOMES; ULTRASTRUCTURE; MICROHAIRS; SECRETION; GRASSES; HAIRS AB Studies were conducted of one of the structural factors that influences microroughness on johnsongrass leaves, Bicellular trichomes, 47 +/- 5 mu m long, represented 4 to 5% of all epidermal cells, They secreted a mucilagenous material that covered 8 +/- 4% of the leaf surface, Bicellular trichomes occurred in longitudinal rows, intermixed with intercostal cork-silica cells, between rows of stomata. Numbers of bicellular trichomes present per unit area were inversely related to numbers of intercostal cork-silica cells, The trichomes were the panicoid type that are reported not to secrete salts, Johnsongrass trichomes, however, could be induced to discharge salt in the mucilage-type secretions when plants were grown in a soil mixture that was high in lime, Not all secretory constituents were identified, but carbohydrates and callose were found in addition to possible low concentrations of protein, The apical or cap cell of the trichomes stained positively for lipid, protein, and polysaccharide and negatively for pectin, polyphenols, steroids, and alkaloids, The presence of trichomes increases leaf surface microroughness, but the secretion covers wax crystals, decreasing leaf microroughness and likely providing another barrier to herbicide entry through the cuticle, Bicellular trichomes on grain sorghum were similar to those on johnsongrass and also discharged secretions on the leaf surface. C1 USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,WEED BIOL & MANAGE RES UNIT,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. RP MCWHORTER, CG (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPL TECH RES UNIT,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 201 EP 208 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200008 ER PT J AU VANGESSEL, MJ SCHWEIZER, EE GARRETT, KA WESTRA, P AF VANGESSEL, MJ SCHWEIZER, EE GARRETT, KA WESTRA, P TI INFLUENCE OF WEED DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION ON CORN (ZEA-MAYS) YIELD SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BIOECONOMIC MODEL; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; WEEDCAM; AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS L; NUMBER(3) AMARE ID POSTEMERGENCE CONTROL DECISIONS; COMPETITION AB The impact of weed density and weed distribution on irrigated corn yield was investigated in Colorado, Weed densities examined were 0, 33, 50, or 100% of the indigenous weed population, A series of weed distribution treatments were achieved by varying the length of the weed-free and weedy zones within the corn row while maintaining a constant weed population of 33 or 50% of the indigenous weed level, Grain yield was affected by weed density, but not by weed distribution, Each additional weed reduced corn yield 8.5 and 2.3 kg ha(-1) in 1991 and 1992, respectively. When corn yields were estimated with a computer weed/corn management model, weed densities 5 to 8 wk after planting provided a better yield reduction estimate than weed densities immediately before harvest. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. RP VANGESSEL, MJ (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL & WEED SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 215 EP 218 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200010 ER PT J AU BAI, YG ROMO, JT YOUNG, JA AF BAI, YG ROMO, JT YOUNG, JA TI INFLUENCES OF TEMPERATURE, LIGHT AND WATER-STRESS ON GERMINATION OF FRINGED SAGE (ARTEMISIA-FRIGIDA) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GERMINATION ECOLOGY; GERMINATION RATE; LIGHT; DEGREE-DAYS; SEED HYDRATION; ARTFR AB Experiments were conducted to determine the influences of temperature, light, winter storage, and water stress on seed germination of fringed sage, Seeds collected in 3 yr in central Saskatchewan were placed in sealed vials and buried in the soil after harvest, and germination was tested in spring and early summer, Seeds germinated over a wide range of temperatures with alternating 25/15 C being optimal, The range of optimal temperatures was higher for older seeds than younger seeds, The stimulating effect of light on germination varied among collections and incubating temperatures, Total germination and germination rate was limited by water stress and no seeds germinated at osmotic potentials below -0.9 MPa. Seeds hydrated in the autumn and exposed to low winter temperatures had higher germination the following spring than dry seeds exposed to the same conditions. Results suggest that sufficient soil moisture combined with moderate seedbed temperatures are optimal for fringed sage germination, Periodicity of germination may be influenced by variable germination requirements in different aging seeds. C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,DEPT CROP SCI & PLANT ECOL,SASKATOON,SK S7N 0W0,CANADA. USDA ARS,RENO,NV 89512. RP BAI, YG (reprint author), UNIV WYOMING,DEPT PLANT SOIL & INSECT SCI,LARAMIE,WY 82071, USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 219 EP 225 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200011 ER PT J AU LINDQUIST, JL MAXWELL, BD BUHLER, DD GUNSOLUS, JL AF LINDQUIST, JL MAXWELL, BD BUHLER, DD GUNSOLUS, JL TI VELVETLEAF (ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI) RECRUITMENT, SURVIVAL, SEED PRODUCTION, AND INTERFERENCE IN SOYBEAN (GLYCINE-MAX) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE WEED DEMOGRAPHY; EMERGENCE; WEED SEEDLING MORTALITY; MODELING; VERTICILLIUM; ABUTH ID WEED-SCIENCE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; AVENA-STERILIS; WINTER-WHEAT; COMPETITION; MODEL; THRESHOLDS; YIELD; MANAGEMENT; ECONOMICS AB Field studies were conducted at Rosemount, MN, in 1992 and 1993 to quantify the demographic processes regulating the population dynamics of velvetleaf in soybean as part of a corn-soybean rotation. A consistent 6.8 +/- 0.5% of the total velvetleaf seedbank emerged each year, Less than 21% of all velvetleaf seedlings survived each year in mixture with soybean, due in part to Verticillium spp wilt infection, The probability of seedling survival varied across time of emergence, Velvetleaf seed production in the absence of crop competition was 125 and 227 seeds plant(-1) in 1992 and 1993, respectively, Velvetleaf plants that emerged early produced greater numbers of seed than later emerging plants, Velvetleaf survival and seed production were reduced up to 82% in the presence of crop competition, Soybean yield varied across soybean densities in both years, but was not reduced across velvetleaf densities. C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT SOIL & ENVIRONM SCI,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AGRON PLANT GENET,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RI Lindquist, John/D-8656-2012 NR 45 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 226 EP 232 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200012 ER PT J AU LINDQUIST, JL MAXWELL, BD BUHLER, DD GUNSOLUS, JL AF LINDQUIST, JL MAXWELL, BD BUHLER, DD GUNSOLUS, JL TI MODELING THE POPULATION-DYNAMICS AND ECONOMICS OF VELVETLEAF (ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI) CONTROL IN A CORN (ZEA MAYS)-SOYBEAN (GLYCINE-MAX) ROTATION SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DEMOGRAPHY; ECONOMIC THRESHOLD; ABUTH ID WEED-CONTROL; WINTER-WHEAT; ANNUAL PLANT; ZEA-MAYS; COMPETITION; SOYBEANS; THRESHOLDS; SIMULATION; MANAGEMENT; COCKLEBUR AB A simulation model was developed to predict the population dynamics and economics of velvetleaf control in a corn-soybean rotation. Data compiled from the literature were used to parameterize the model for two situations, one in which velvetleaf was infected by a Verticillium spp. wilt and one without infection. Verticillium was assumed to have no effect on corn or soybean yield. In the absence of control, simulated seedbank densities of a Verticillium-infected velvetleaf population were 5 to 50 times lower than for an uninfected velvetleaf population. The model was used to evaluate a threshold weed management strategy under the assumption that delvetleaf was the only weed and bentazon the only herbicide available for its control. In the absence of Verticillium, an economic optimum threshold of 2.5 seedlings 100 m(-2) afforded the highest economic returns after 20 yr of simulation. Simulations in which velvetleaf was infected in 8 out of 20 randomly assigned years indicated a 6% increase in annualized net return and an 11% reduction in the number of years that control was necessary. Sensitivity analysis indicated the parameter estimates having the greatest impact on economic optimum threshold were seedling emergence and survival, maximum seed production, and herbicide efficacy. Under an economic optimum threshold of 2.5 seedlings 100 m(-2), management practices that manipulate the most sensitive demographic processes increased annualized net return by up to 13% and reduced long-term herbicide use by up to 26%. Results demonstrate that combining an economic optimum threshold with alternative weed management strategies may increase economic return and reduce herbicide use. C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,DEPT SCI,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AGRON & PLANT GENET,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP LINDQUIST, JL (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. RI Lindquist, John/D-8656-2012 NR 38 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 269 EP 275 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200017 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, WC MULLINIX, BG AF JOHNSON, WC MULLINIX, BG TI WEED MANAGEMENT IN PEANUT USING STALE SEEDBED TECHNIQUES SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CULTURAL WEED CONTROL; GROUNDNUT; SEEDBANK DEPLETION ID GLYCINE-MAX; SOIL; TILLAGE; EMERGENCE; SOYBEANS; DECLINE AB Field studies were conducted from 1991 through 1993 to determine the effects of stale seedbed management practices on weed control in peanut. Main plots were four levels of stale seedbed management: deep till (23 cm) and plant the same day (standard system), deep till 6 wk early and shallow till (7.6 cm) at 2 wk intervals prior to planting, deep till 6 wk early and application of glyphosate (1.1 kg ai ha(-1)) 1 wk prior to planting, and deep till 6 wk early without additional treatment prior to planting. Sub-plots were three levels of weed management following peanut planting; intensive, basic, and cultivation alone. Stale seedbed management practices stimulated weed emergence when followed by other control measures prior to planting. Populations of Florida beggarweed. Texas panicum, and yellow nutsedge were lower when stale seedbeds were shallow tilled at 2 wk intervals prior to planting, resulting in greater peanut yields. Weeds on nontreated stale seedbeds were difficult to control once peanut was planted and reduced yields. Stale seedbed management practices generally had no effect on the quantity of foreign material contaminants originating from weeds, soil, or peanut plant in harvested peanut. These results indicate that shallow tillage on stale seedbeds can reduce weed populations prior to planting and increase peanut yields. C1 COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP JOHNSON, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 293 EP 297 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200021 ER PT J AU SHELTON, DR SADEGHI, AM KARNS, JS HAPEMAN, CJ AF SHELTON, DR SADEGHI, AM KARNS, JS HAPEMAN, CJ TI EFFECT OF WETTING AND DRYING OF SOIL ON SORPTION AND BIODEGRADATION OF ATRAZINE SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HERBICIDE; BIOAVAILABILITY ID DEGRADATION PRODUCTS; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; FIELD CONDITIONS; HERBICIDES; ADSORPTION; MOVEMENT AB Short term incubations (4 d) were conducted to assess the effect of a wetting/drying cycle on atrazine sorption, as well as biodegradation, as a function of various atrazine concentrations (ca. 5, 10, and 25 mu g g(-1) soil) and levels of added crop residues (0, 5, and 10% cornstalks by weight), using a technique that allowed independent analysis of soluble and sorbed atrazine. Soil solution atrazine concentrations decreased, and K(d)s increased with increasing crop residues. The sorptive capacity of cornstalks for atrazine was estimated to be 860 mu g g(-1) vs 28 mu g g(-1) for unamended soil. Drying and rewetting resulted in lower soil solution concentrations and decreased extraction efficiencies (13 to 22%) for sorbed atrazine; the effect was most pronounced with added cornstalks. High recoveries of C-14 from soils (combustion data) indicated that atrazine was not lost to volatilization. Rapid rates of biodegradation were observed in cornstalk-amended soils shortly after rewetting; degradation was not observed in unamended soil. A longer incubation (6 wk) was conducted with ca. 10 mu g g(-1) atrazine and 5% cornstalks to assess metabolites and kinetics of biodegradation. Atrazine disappearance was observed after ca. 2 wk with concomitant production of deethyl- and deisopropyl-atrazine at a ratio of ca. 2:1. Dealkylated-atrazine accumulated after ca. 3 wk; there was no evidence for hydroxy-atrazine production. These data suggest that biodegradation may play an important role in atrazine losses in the field despite wetting/drying cycles. In addition, there may be apparent losses of atrazine due to decreased extraction efficiencies as a consequence of wetting/drying cycles, resulting in underestimation of field residues. RP SHELTON, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR W,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 29 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 298 EP 305 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200022 ER PT J AU DIEHL, KE TAYLOR, SL SIMPSON, DM STOLLER, EW AF DIEHL, KE TAYLOR, SL SIMPSON, DM STOLLER, EW TI EFFECT OF SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN NICOSULFURON AND TERBUFOS IN CORN (ZEA-MAYS) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HERBICIDE INSECTICIDE INTERACTION; ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDE; SULFONYLUREA ID INSECTICIDES; HERBICIDES; DPX-V9360; FIELD AB Greenhouse and laboratory experiments mere conducted to determine the effect of soil organic matter on the synergistic interaction between nicosulfuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide, and the insecticide terbufos in corn. Terbufos was applied infurrow at planting to soils containing 1, 3, and 5% organic matter and nicosulfuron was applied POST to corn at the three-leaf growth stage. The combination of terbufos and nicosulfuron reduced corn fresh weight 75, 45, and 41% in soils containing 1, 3, and 5% organic matter, respectively. Terbufos increased [C-14]nicosulfuron uptake into corn grown in both 1 and 5% organic matter soils. Terbufos decreased epicuticular leaf wax deposition on corn leaves by 35 and 18% in 1 and 5% organic matter soils, respectively. [C-14]Nicosulfuron was completely metabolized after 24 h in the absence of terbufos. In the presence of terbufos, 19 and 11% of intact [C-14]nicosulfuron remained 24 h after treatment while 11 and 6% remained after 48 h in the 1 and 5% organic matter soils, respectively. In vivo acetolactate synthase activity was reduced to 3 and 20% of control by nicosulfuron at 24 h and to 6 and 38% of control at 48 h, respectively, in the 1 and 5% organic matter soils that contained terbufos. These experiments indicated that soil organic matter is an important factor in determining the level of injury expected from the synergistic interaction between nicosulfuron and terbufos in corn. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AGRON,URBANA,IL 61801. USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 306 EP 311 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200023 ER PT J AU EGLEY, GH BOYETTE, D AF EGLEY, GH BOYETTE, D TI WATER-CORN OIL EMULSION ENHANCES CONIDIA GERMINATION AND MYCOHERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BIOCONTROL; MYCOHERBICIDE; FUNGAL PATHOGEN; HEMP SESBANIA; CORN OIL; SEBEX ID SESBANIA SESBANIA-EXALTATA; INVERT EMULSION AB A water-corn oil (unrefined) emulsion has promise as a carrier for application of the mycoherbicide, Colletotrichum truncatum. We investigated this formulation (normal emulsion; oil in water) for influences on conidia germination, appressoria formation, and mycoherbicidal activity of C. truncatum. Germination of conidia after application to hemp sesbania leaves was increased from 30% in water alone to 92% in the water-corn oil emulsion (water:oil, 1:1, by vol). The emulsion did not affect appressoria formation, Of the several other oils tested, safflower seed oil enhanced in vitro germination but did not enhance germination and mycoherbicide activity when the conidia-emulsion formulation was applied to hemp sesbania leaves. Application of C. truncatum conidia in the unrefined corn oil emulsion to hemp sesbania seedlings resulted in 89 to 97% control of the weed after a 24 to 72 h dew delay. The emulsion enhanced mycoherbicide efficacy by stimulating conidia germination by protecting the conidia during a dew-free period, hence, increasing weed infection when a dew occurred. RP EGLEY, GH (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 14 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 43 IS 2 BP 312 EP 317 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RB702 UT WOS:A1995RB70200024 ER PT J AU SEEFELDT, SS JENSEN, JE FUERST, EP AF SEEFELDT, SS JENSEN, JE FUERST, EP TI LOG-LOGISTIC ANALYSIS OF HERBICIDE DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LACK OF FIT TEST; LOGISTIC CURVE; MODELS; NONLINEAR REGRESSION AB Dose-response studies are an important tool in weed science. The use of such studies has become especially prevalent following the widespread development of herbicide resistant weeds. In the past, analyses of dose-response studies have utilized various types of transformations and equations which can be validated with several statistical techniques. Most dose-response analysis methods 1) do not accurately describe data at the extremes of doses and 2) do not provide a proper statistical test for the difference(s) between two or more dose-response curves, Consequently, results of dose-response studies are analyzed and reported in a great variety of ways, and comparison of results among various researchers is not possible, The objective of this paper is to review the principles involved in dose-response research and explain the log-logistic analysis of herbicide dose-response relationships. In this paper the log-logistic model is illustrated using a nonlinear computer analysis of experimental data. The log-logistic model is an appropriate method for analyzing most dose-response studies, This model has been used widely and successfully in weed science for many years in Europe. The log-logistic model possesses several clear advantages over other analysis methods and the authors suggest that it should be widely adopted as a standard herbicide dose-response analysis method. RP SEEFELDT, SS (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 0 TC 673 Z9 735 U1 9 U2 55 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 218 EP 227 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300002 ER PT J AU CONN, JS DECK, RE AF CONN, JS DECK, RE TI OPTIMAL GLYPHOSATE APPLICATION TIME FOR CONTROL OF FOXTAIL BARLEY (HORDEUM-JUBATUM) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PHENOLOGY; TIME OF APPLICATION AB Optimal time of application of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate for long-term control of foxtail barley was studied near Delta Junction, AK in 1992 and 1993. Applications of either 0.6 or 1.1 kg/ha of glyphosate with 2.2 kg/ha of ammonium sulfate and 0.5% (v/v) nonionic surfactant were made to different foxtail barley plots at approximately 2-wk intervals from May to September, Control was rated in July of the year following application, The 0.6 kg/ha rate produced less than or equal to 60% control on all application dates, At 1.1 kg/ha, foxtail barley control was best from applications made between early August and mid-September, May and mid-June applications provided up to 80% control in 1993 but less than or equal to 50% control in 1992, For both rates, applications made from late June through July, during foxtail barley flowering and seed fill, consistently provided little control (< 50%). Nomenclature: Glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine; foxtail barley, Hordeum jubatum L. #(3) HORJU. RP CONN, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS,RES AGRON & BIOL LAB TECH,309 ONEILL BLDG,POB 757200,FAIRBANKS,AK 99775, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 267 EP 269 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300009 ER PT J AU PETERSON, JK HARRISON, HF AF PETERSON, JK HARRISON, HF TI SWEET-POTATO ALLELOPATHIC SUBSTANCE INHIBITS GROWTH OF PURPLE NUTSEDGE (CYPERUS-ROTUNDUS) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOASSAY; INTERFERENCE; CYPES; CYPRO AB The allelopathic influence of sweet potato cultivar 'Regal' on purple nutsedge was compared to the influence on yellow nutsedge under controlled conditions. Purple nutsedge shoot dry weight, total shoot length and tuber numbers were significantly lower than the controls (47, 36, and 19% inhibition, respectively). The influence on the same parameters for yellow nutsedge (35, 21, and 43% inhibition, respectively) were not significantly different from purple nutsedge. Sweet potato shoot dry weight was inhibited by purple and yellow nutsedge by 42% and 45%, respectively, The major allelopathic substance from 'Regal' root periderm tissue was isolated and tested in vitro on the two sedges, The I-50's for shoot growth, root number, and root length were 118, 62, and 44 mu g/ml, respectively, for yellow nutsedge, The I-50's for root number and root length were 91 and 85 mu g/ml, respectively, for purple nutsedge and the I-50 for shoot growth could not be calculated, Nomenclature: Purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. #(3) CYPRO, yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPES, sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (Lam.), 'Regal.' RP PETERSON, JK (reprint author), USDA ARS,VEGETABLE LAB,2875 SAVANNAH HWY,CHARLESTON,SC 29414, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 277 EP 280 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300011 ER PT J AU ELMORE, CD HEATHERLY, LG WESLEY, RA AF ELMORE, CD HEATHERLY, LG WESLEY, RA TI WEED-CONTROL IN NO-TILL DOUBLECROP SOYBEAN (GLYCINE-MAX) FOLLOWING WINTER-WHEAT (TRITICUM-AESTIVUM) ON A CLAY SOIL SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BURNED WHEAT STUBBLE; SOYBEAN YIELD; WHEAT YIELD; WEED COVER AB Weed control was evaluated in no-till planted soybean in both burned and standing wheat stubble for 3 yr. High, intermediate, low, and no weed management following no-till planting of soybean were compared with a tilled treatment with high weed management. Herbicides for the high weed management were metribuzin plus metolachlor PRE followed by POST applications, as needed, of bentazon, acifluorfen, and fluazifop or quizalofop. Intermediate management included all of the above except metolachlor, plus the as-needed use of chlorimuron or lactofen POST. Low management had no PRE herbicide applications but included the above POST herbicides. Glyphosate was used as a preplant foliar applied desiccant in the stubble-planted soybean of all weed management levels. Yield of soybean was not affected by standing, burned, or tilled wheat stubble. Soil organic matter in the 0 to 2.5 cm of soil was not significantly affected at the end of the 3 yr. Yield of wheat was reduced by standing wheat stubble in the first year of the study. Total POST weed control was sufficient for maximum soybean yields in the second and third years of the study. The weed spectrum changed during the experiment for the no-weed-control treatment in soybean and in wheat. The major weeds present in soybean after 3 yr of no-till were southern crabgrass, nodding spurge, redvine, prickly sida, barnyardgrass, and johnsongrass; in wheat they were Italian ryegrass, little barley, mayweed chamomile, and hairy buttercup. Nomenclature: Acifluorfen, 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid; bentazon, 3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide; chlorimuron, 2-[[[[(4-chloro-6-methoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid; fluazifop, (+/-)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid; glyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine; lactofen, (+/-)-2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxyethyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate; metolachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide; metribuzin, 4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one; quizalofop, (+/-)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)-oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acid; wheat, Triticum aestivum L., soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., southern crabgrass, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Keel. #(3) DIGSP; nodding spurge, Euphorbia nutans Lag. # EPHNU; redvine, Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners # BRVCI; prickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSP; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCG; johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHA; Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. # LOLMU; little barley, Hordeum pusillum Nutt. # HORPU; mayweed chamomile, Anthemis cotula L. # ANTCO; hairy buttercup, Ranunculus sardous Crantz # RANSA. RP ELMORE, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPL & PROD TECH RES UNIT,POB 36,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 306 EP 315 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300016 ER PT J AU HANKS, JE AF HANKS, JE TI EFFECT OF DRIFT RETARDANT ADJUVANTS ON SPRAY DROPLET SIZE OF WATER AND PARAFFINIC OIL APPLIED AT ULTRALOW VOLUME SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY; AIR ASSIST; DILUENT; CARRIER AB Adjuvants were evaluated to determine the effect on increasing spray droplet size and reducing the amount of spray dispensed in small driftable size particles when applying water and paraffinic oil at ultralow volume. Spray solutions were applied with an air-assist system at liquid flow rates of 28 and 56 ml/min and atomized with 14, 28, 42, 56, and 84 kPa of air pressure. Water and paraffinic oil were applied alone and with two drift retardant adjuvants mixed individually in each. The two water soluble adjuvants were mixed at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0%; oil soluble adjuvants were applied at 0.125, 0.25, and 0.50%. Adjuvants used in water and oil were effective at increasing droplet size and reducing the amount of liquid dispensed in small driftable size particles. Effectiveness of the adjuvants decreased as air pressures increased, with water soluble adjuvants being more susceptible to air pressure. Volume median diameters > 200 mu m with water could be achieved without adjuvants; whereas with oil, an adjuvant was required. RP HANKS, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS,AGR ENGN APPLICAT & PROD TECH RES UNIT,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 0 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 380 EP 384 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300028 ER PT J AU FARNHAM, MW HARRISON, HF AF FARNHAM, MW HARRISON, HF TI RESPONSE OF BROCCOLI (BRASSICA-OLERACEA) CULTIVARS TO POSTTRANSPLANT OXYFLUORFEN SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COLE CROPS; HERBICIDE INJURY; HERBICIDE TOLERANCE AB Broccoli cultivars were evaluated for differential response to oxyfluorfen applied postemergence (0.1 to 1.6 kg ai/ha) in the greenhouse and post-transplant (0.125 to 1.0 kg/ha) in a spring and a fall field study. One cultivar, 'Green Goliath,' was injured more by oxyfluorfen than other cultivars in all environments. 'Pinnacle,' was consistently less injured than others. 'Early Dawn' and 'Emerald City' were intermediate in response to oxyfluorfen. At application rates of 0.25 kg/ha or less, all cultivars recovered sufficiently from injury to produce broccoli heads of equal weight and quality as controls. Cultivars differed in their tolerance of oxyfluorfen at rates above 0.25 kg/ha. Late-maturing cultivars (i.e., Pinnacle) usually recovered from injury to yield similarly to hand-weeded plots while early-maturing cultivars were more likely to show yield losses. Broccoli cultivars possess sufficient tolerance to oxyfluorfen applied post-transplant for weed control. Appropriate choice of cultivar will enhance its utility. RP FARNHAM, MW (reprint author), USDA ARS,RES SERV,VEGETABLE LAB,2875 SAVANNAH HWY,CHARLESTON,SC 29414, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 385 EP 391 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300029 ER PT J AU BUNDERSON, FB RALPHS, MH EVANS, JO CALL, CA NIELSEN, DB AF BUNDERSON, FB RALPHS, MH EVANS, JO CALL, CA NIELSEN, DB TI CARPETED ROLLER APPLICATION OF HERBICIDES FOR LARKSPUR (DELPHINIUM SPP.) CONTROL SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note DE BROADCAST SPRAYER; CARPETED ROLLER APPLICATOR; POISONOUS PLANT; DELPHINIUM BARBEYI; DELPHINIUM OCCIDENTALE; DELBA; DELOC AB A carpeted roller applicator and broadcast sprayer were compared for application of glyphosate, metsulfuron, and picloram to control duncecap and tall larkspur on mountain range sites in southern Idaho and central Utah, respectively, Glyphosate was the most effective herbicide, controlling 96% of both larkspur species when applied by the sprayer and 78% when applied by the roller, There was no difference in larkspur control between application methods using metsulfuron or picloram. Application of herbicides by the carpeted roller was less detrimental to forbs compared to the sprayer, and the roller application of glyphosate did not reduce grass cover. Grass cover doubled following treatments with picloram and metsulfuron. RP BUNDERSON, FB (reprint author), USDA ARS,POISONOUS PLANT RES LAB,LOGAN,UT 84321, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 392 EP 396 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300030 ER PT J AU DONALD, WW SCHWARTZ, PH AF DONALD, WW SCHWARTZ, PH TI STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOPS) FOR RESEARCH IN WEED SCIENCE SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note DE METHODS; QUALITY CONTROL AB Standard operating procedures (SOPs) were developed for repetitive field research tasks to help ensure that instructions were complete and to provide consistency and continuity in the senior author's field research program. SOPs are explicit step-by-step instructions for carrying out experimental tasks that are components of experimental plans. SOPs are not the same as protocols for unique, new experimental plans. However, protocols may incorporate sequences of SOPs, if desired. SOPs are most useful for new workers and when research tasks need to be repeated infrequently in time (e.g., once every 6 mo or less per year). SOPs may help researchers enhance data accuracy, precision, and reproducibility as part of their own statistical quality control procedures. The authors' field-tested SOPs are available on diskette(3) for critical review, modification, and use by interested weed scientists. RP DONALD, WW (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST & WATER QUAL RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 397 EP 401 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300031 ER PT J AU OGG, AG AF OGG, AG TI EXPANDING THE WEED-SCIENCE-SOCIETY-OF-AMERICA BEYOND WEED SCIENCE SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP OGG, AG (reprint author), USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 406 EP 408 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RJ473 UT WOS:A1995RJ47300033 ER PT J AU URBANIK, TJ AF URBANIK, TJ TI HYGROEXPANSION-CREEP MODEL FOR CORRUGATED FIBERBOARD SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE COMPRESSION STRENGTH; CONSTANT LOAD TEST; CREEP RATE; CYCLIC HUMIDITY; DURATION OF LOAD LONG-TERM TEST AB A model was developed for characterizing the creep response of corrugated fiberboard subjected to constant compression load and sinusoidally varying relative humidity. Separate hygroexpansion and mechanosorptive components of deformation during the primary and secondary phases of creep are characterized in terms of six parameters, A(o), A, theta, tau, mu1, and mu2. Parameters A0 and A are the magnitude and amplitude levels, respectively, of a sinusoidal hygroexpansion response, and theta is the corresponding phase lag relative to relative humidity. The model makes mechanosorption a function of hygroexpansion and predicts an instantaneous creep rate that varies with the rate of hygroexpansion. An average creep rate of mechanosorption decreases from a value that initiates primary creep to a steady-state value throughout secondary creep. The change occurs exponentially with a time-constant tau. Creep constants mu1 and mu2 are proportional to the initial and secondary creep rates, respectively. The model provides a way to characterize cyclic creep data. RP URBANIK, TJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 134 EP 140 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA QQ686 UT WOS:A1995QQ68600007 ER PT J AU CHEN, GC AF CHEN, GC TI FUNGAL DECAY RESISTANCE OF LOBLOLLY-PINE OR SWEETGUM REACTED WITH AQUEOUS POTASSIUM IODATE SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE POTASSIUM IODATE; COMPLEXATION; FUNGAL DECAY RESISTANCE; GLOEOPHYLLUM-TRABEUM; CORIOLUS-VERSICOLOR; LOBLOLLY PINE; SWEETGUM ID WOOD AB In this study, we investigated the protection of wood based on complexation of biocides with wood. We found that loblolly pine and sweetgum wood blocks soaked in aqueous potassium iodate for 1 day resisted decay by brown- and white-rot fungi even after 2 weeks of water leaching. Threshold retentions of iodate for Gloeophyllum trabeum were 0.5 and 1% by weight of iodate solution in wood for unleached and leached blocks, respectively. For Coriolus versicolor, the threshold retention was 0.1% for both unleached and leached blocks. Retention of iodate in leached wood ranged from 21 to 73% that of unleached wood. Retentions of iodate were higher in loblolly pine than in sweetgum. Infrared spectrum of iodate-reacted wood indicated that iodate forms complexes with cell-wall polymers of wood, probably with cis diols of hemicelluloses and lignin. However, the intensity of this absorption was weak. Also, a small amount of oxidation of lignin in wood was found. RP CHEN, GC (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 155 EP 159 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA QQ686 UT WOS:A1995QQ68600009 ER PT J AU WINANDY, JE AF WINANDY, JE TI EFFECT OF MOISTURE-CONTENT ON STRENGTH OF CCA-TREATED LUMBER SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CCA; PRESERVATIVE; TREATMENT; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MOISTURE CONTENT; DURATION-OF-LOAD ID FLEXURAL PROPERTIES; DIMENSION LUMBER AB Recent studies on the effects of chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treatment on lumber design properties have primarily evaluated the effects of such treatment at or near 12% moisture content and at failure times of 1 to 10 min. The influence of various moisture contents and faster loading rates is unknown. This report discusses the influence of moisture content and its interaction with time-to-failure on the bending strength of CCA-treated (0.4 lb/ft3 (6.4 kg/m3)) lumber. The factors studied were moisture contents of 10, 15, and greater-than-or-equal-to 23% (green lumber) and ramp-load failure times in bending of 3-6, 30-60, and 300-600 seconds. This research concluded that a revised wet-use service factor for No. 1 and better waterborne-preservative-treated lumber is needed. RP WINANDY, JE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 168 EP 177 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA QQ686 UT WOS:A1995QQ68600011 ER PT J AU WERGIN, WP YAKLICH, RW ERBE, EF AF WERGIN, WP YAKLICH, RW ERBE, EF TI ADVANCEMENTS AND APPLICATIONS OF LOW-TEMPERATURE FIELD-EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY SO ZOOLOGICAL STUDIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Focus on Microscopy 95 Conference CY APR 18-20, 1995 CL TAIPEI, TAIWAN SP ACADEMIA SINICA, ROC, ACADEMIA SINICA, INST ZOOL, NANKANG, LIFE SCI RES PROMOT CTR NSC, ROC, ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SOC CHINA, TAIPEI, ROC, SOC 3 D IMAGING SCI MICROSCOPY, AMSTERDAM, SUNY, AMIL, BUFFALO, NY ID VERSATILITY; RESOLUTION; CELLS; SEM C1 USDA ARS,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP WERGIN, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS,ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACAD SINICA INST ZOOLOGY PI TAIWAN 115 PA EDITORIAL OFFICE TAIPEI, TAIWAN 115, REP OF CHINA SN 1021-5506 J9 ZOOL STUD JI Zool. Stud. PD APR PY 1995 VL 34 SU 1 BP 79 EP 80 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA RA786 UT WOS:A1995RA78600031 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, A LIPMAN, RD JAHNGENHODGE, J PALMER, V SMITH, D PADHYE, N DALLAL, GE CYR, DE LAXMAN, E SHEPARD, D MORROW, F SALOMON, R PERRONE, G ASMUNDSSON, G MEYDANI, M BLUMBERG, J MUNE, M HARRISON, DE ARCHER, JR SHIGENAGA, M AF TAYLOR, A LIPMAN, RD JAHNGENHODGE, J PALMER, V SMITH, D PADHYE, N DALLAL, GE CYR, DE LAXMAN, E SHEPARD, D MORROW, F SALOMON, R PERRONE, G ASMUNDSSON, G MEYDANI, M BLUMBERG, J MUNE, M HARRISON, DE ARCHER, JR SHIGENAGA, M TI DIETARY CALORIE RESTRICTION IN THE EMERY MOUSE - EFFECTS ON LIFE-SPAN, EYE LENS CATARACT PREVALENCE AND PROGRESSION, LEVELS OF ASCORBATE, GLUTATHIONE, GLUCOSE, AND GLYCOHEMOGLOBIN, TAIL COLLAGEN BREAKTIME, DNA AND RNA OXIDATION, SKIN INTEGRITY, FECUNDITY, AND CANCER SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE MICE; DIET; AGING; ANTIOXIDANTS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; DNA RNA OXIDATION ID FOOD RESTRICTION; SENILE CATARACT; VITAMIN-C; PROTEIN OXIDATION; MAILLARD REACTION; FISCHER-344 RATS; ENERGY-INTAKE; EMORY MOUSE; GUINEA-PIG; MICE AB The Emery mouse is the best model for age-related cataract. In this work we compare the effects of feeding a control diet (C) with a diet restricted (R) by 40% relative to C animals. In the R animals, median lifespan was extended by 40%. The proportion of R mice with advanced cataract was lower than C mice as early as 5 months of age. The mean grade of cataract was lower in R animals, beginning at 11 months and continuing until the end of the study. Ascorbate levels in R plasma and liver were 41-56% of C animals. There was no difference between diet groups with respect to lens ascorbate. Aging was associated with a decrease in ascorbate in lenses and kidneys in C and R mice. By 22 months, R animals had 48% higher liver glutathione levels than C mice. Liver glutathione levels were maximal at 12 months. Plasma glucose levels were > 27% lower in R animals at 6.5 and 22 months, and there was a 14% increase in glucose levels upon aging for both diet groups. In R mice, glycohemoglobin levels were 51% lower and tail collagen breaktime was decreased by 40%, even in younger animals. Collagen breaktime increased > 360% upon aging for both diet groups. Rates of production of urinary oxo(8)dG and oxo(8)G were higher in R animals compared with C animals, and increased upon aging. C animals exhibited more cancer and dermatological lesions, but less tail tip necrosis and inflamed genitals than R mice. These data allow evaluation of several theories of aging. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DIV BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. JACKSON LABS,BAR HARBOR,ME 04609. RP TAYLOR, A (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,NUTR & VIS RES LAB,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. FU PHS HHS [8566] NR 83 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD MAR 31 PY 1995 VL 79 IS 1 BP 33 EP 57 DI 10.1016/0047-6374(94)01541-S PG 25 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA QQ826 UT WOS:A1995QQ82600002 PM 7540704 ER PT J AU ROBINSON, SK THOMPSON, FR DONOVAN, TM WHITEHEAD, DR FAABORG, J AF ROBINSON, SK THOMPSON, FR DONOVAN, TM WHITEHEAD, DR FAABORG, J TI REGIONAL FOREST FRAGMENTATION AND THE NESTING SUCCESS OF MIGRATORY BIRDS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PREDATION; POPULATIONS; LANDSCAPES; PARASITISM; SONGBIRDS; DYNAMICS; DECLINE; COWBIRD; EDGE AB Forest fragmentation, the disruption in the continuity of forest habitat, is hypothesized to be a major cause of population decline for some species of forest birds because fragmentation reduces nesting (reproductive) success. Nest predation and parasitism by cowbirds increased with forest fragmentation in nine midwestern (United States) landscapes that varied from 6 to 95 percent forest cover within a 10-kilometer radius of the study areas. Observed reproductive rates were low enough for some species in the most fragmented landscapes to suggest that their populations are sinks that depend for perpetuation on immigration from reproductive source populations in landscapes with more extensive forest cover. Conservation strategies should consider preservation and restoration of large, unfragmented ''core'' areas in each region. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,N CENT FOREST EXPT STN,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. UNIV MISSOURI,DIV BIOL SCI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. RP ROBINSON, SK (reprint author), ILLINOIS NAT HIST SURVEY,607 E PEABODY DR,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820, USA. NR 40 TC 922 Z9 952 U1 21 U2 179 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 31 PY 1995 VL 267 IS 5206 BP 1987 EP 1990 DI 10.1126/science.267.5206.1987 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QQ068 UT WOS:A1995QQ06800042 PM 17770113 ER PT J AU HOLFINGER, MS CONNER, AH HOLM, DR HILL, CG AF HOLFINGER, MS CONNER, AH HOLM, DR HILL, CG TI SYNTHESIS OF DIFURFURYL DIAMINES BY THE ACIDIC CONDENSATION OF FURFURYLAMINE WITH ALDEHYDES AND THEIR MECHANISM OF FORMATION SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RENEWABLE SOURCES; FURAN; DIISOCYANATES; RESINS; POLYMERS AB Difurfuryl diamino compounds can be obtained via single-step reactions of furfurylamine with formaldehyde and other aldehydes in 2.5-5.2 M hydrochloric acid at 20-50 degrees C. Yields for the single step reaction (30-50%) are comparable to those for three-step procedures involving protection and deprotection of the amino group. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,MADISON,WI 53706. US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD MAR 24 PY 1995 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1595 EP 1598 DI 10.1021/jo00111a017 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA QN888 UT WOS:A1995QN88800017 ER PT J AU SKADSEN, RW KNAUER, NS AF SKADSEN, RW KNAUER, NS TI ALTERNATIVE POLYADENYLATION GENERATES 3 LOW-PI ALPHA-AMYLASE MESSENGER-RNAS WITH DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION IN BARLEY SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ALPHA-AMYLASE; MEMBRANE-BOUND POLYSOME; ALTERNATIVE POLYADENYLATION; BARLEY ID MESSENGER-RNAS; ALEURONE CELLS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PRIMER EXTENSION; HIGHER-PLANTS; 3' END; GENES; DNA; TRANSCRIPTS; ACID AB Specific low-pI alpha-amylase genes from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) produced alternative mRNAs with a 17-base 3' extension (extension 1) or a 17-base extension beyond this (extension 2). The extended mRNAs do not arise from splicing of downstream sequences, and not all low-pI genes contain the extended sequences. All three mRNAs occur in aleurones and shoots, while extension 2 is missing from scutella, Also, the unextended mRNAs predominate in total mRNA, but the extended mRNAs predominate in membrane-bound polysomes. The extended sequences do not occur in previously characterized alpha-amylases, but 16 of 18 bases, mainly in extension 1, are identical with a sequence in the 3'-UTR of PAPI, a putative inhibitor of alpha-amyIase. These observations suggest that the extended sequences could play a functional role in alpha-amylase expression. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT AGRON,MADISON,WI 53706. RP SKADSEN, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,CEREAL CROPS RES UNIT,501 N WALNUT ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD MAR 20 PY 1995 VL 361 IS 2-3 BP 220 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00112-M PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA QN707 UT WOS:A1995QN70700019 PM 7698327 ER PT J AU VONNEGUT, B LATHAM, DJ MOORE, CB HUNYADY, SJ AF VONNEGUT, B LATHAM, DJ MOORE, CB HUNYADY, SJ TI AN EXPLANATION FOR ANOMALOUS LIGHTNING FROM FOREST-FIRE CLOUDS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB Experiments out of doors and in a wind tunnel show that when trees, vegetation, and other substances are burned in the open air, negative charge is released into the atmosphere under the influence of the fine weather electric field, The results indicate that the thunderclouds formed as the result of a forest fire have probably grown from air that contains negative, instead of the usual positive, fine weather space charge, Observations showing that cumulonimbus clouds formed over forest fires produced positive, instead of the usual negative, cloud-to-ground lightning, suggest that the electrification of these clouds may have been caused by one or more influence mechanisms. C1 US FOREST SERV, INTERMT RES STN, MISSOULA, MT USA. NEW MEXICO INST MIN & TECHNOL, SOCORRO, NM 87801 USA. RP VONNEGUT, B (reprint author), SUNY ALBANY, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, EARTH SCI 323, 1400 WASHINGTON AVE, ALBANY, NY 12222 USA. NR 18 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAR 20 PY 1995 VL 100 IS D3 BP 5037 EP 5050 DI 10.1029/94JD02956 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA QN544 UT WOS:A1995QN54400002 ER PT J AU PETKOVA, KG AJZEN, I DRIVER, BL AF PETKOVA, KG AJZEN, I DRIVER, BL TI SALIENCE OF ANTIABORTION BELIEFS AND COMMITMENT TO AN ATTITUDINAL POSITION - ON THE STRENGTH, STRUCTURE, AND PREDICTIVE-VALIDITY OF ANTIABORTION ATTITUDES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLANNED BEHAVIOR; ACCESSIBILITY AB The role of beliefs in attitude formation and the impact of commitment to an attitude on its predictive validity were studied in the context of anti-abortion attitudes. Undergraduates (N = 152), identified as pro-choice or pro-life, expressed their beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and restriction preferences with respect to making abortion illegal. In addition, they indicated their commitment to their positions and their willingness to distribute a pro- or anti-abortion petition. Salient beliefs-identified in a pilot study-were found to predict attitudes, intentions, restriction preferences, and petition choice significantly better than nonsalient beliefs. Salient beliefs also discriminated significantly between pro-choice and pro-life respondents, providing useful information about the cognitive underpinnings of anti-abortion attitudes. In addition, accuracy of predictions increased significantly with commitment, even when attitude extremity was statistically controlled. These findings support the summation theory of attitude (Fishbein, 1963) and demonstrate the importance of attitude strength in determining the structure and predictive validity of attitudes. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT PSYCHOL,AMHERST,MA 01003. BULGARIAN ACAD SCI,SOFIA,BULGARIA. US FOREST SERV,FT COLLINS,CO. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU V H WINSTON & SONS INC PI SILVER SPRING PA 7961 EASTERN AVE, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 SN 0021-9029 J9 J APPL SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. PD MAR 16 PY 1995 VL 25 IS 6 BP 463 EP 483 DI 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1995.tb01762.x PG 21 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA QP896 UT WOS:A1995QP89600001 ER PT J AU BRYANT, FO CUTLER, HG BURLA, MC NEWTON, MG AF BRYANT, FO CUTLER, HG BURLA, MC NEWTON, MG TI DUCLAUXIN ETHYL-ACETATE SOLVATE, 2C(29)H(22)O(11)CENTER-DOT-C4H8O2 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Duclauxin, [8R-(8 alpha,8a beta,15a beta,15b alpha,16S*)]-16-(acetyloxy)-8a,15a-dihydro-4,11-dihydroxy-8a-methoxy-6,9-dimethyl-7H-8,15b-methano-1H,3H,12H-benzo-[de]cyclohepta[1,2-g:3,4,5-d'e']bis[2]benzopyran-3,7,12,15(8H)-tetrone, cocrystallized with ethyl acetate solvent (2:1). Duclauxin, an antitumor agent, when isolated from Penicillium herquei displays an unusually low melting point (469-471 K) compared with duclauxin from P. duclauxii or P. stipitatum (503 and 508-509 K, respectively), even though all spectral characterizations of duclauxin from these three sources indicate identical substances. The X-ray structural analysis of duclauxin from P. herquei reveals the presence of an ethyl acetate molecule, which is a likely explanation for the abnormal melting point. The duclauxin molecular structure consists of two largely planar halves which are held by the remaining atoms into an approximate open clam-shell configuration. Significant intramolecular hydrogen bonding is observed between the phenolic hydroxyl groups and lactonic carbonyl O atoms; the only significant intermolecular hydrogen bonding is between the ketonic O(3) atom of one duclauxin molecule to the phenolic O(6) atom in the other. There are no especially close intermolecular contacts between ethyl acetate and either of the duclauxin molecules. C1 UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT CHEM,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP BRYANT, FO (reprint author), USDA ARS,RUSSELL RES CTR,ATHENS,GA 30613, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 437 EP 440 DI 10.1107/S010827019400394X PN 3 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA QN634 UT WOS:A1995QN63400034 ER PT J AU VEGA, FE BARBOSA, P KUOSELL, HL FISHER, DB NELSEN, TC AF VEGA, FE BARBOSA, P KUOSELL, HL FISHER, DB NELSEN, TC TI EFFECTS OF FEEDING ON HEALTHY AND DISEASED CORN PLANTS ON A VECTOR AND ON A NON-VECTOR INSECT SO EXPERIENTIA LA English DT Article DE CICADELLIDAE; DELPHACIDAE; HOMOPTERA; LEAFHOPPERS; MOLLICUTES; PLANTHOPPERS; SPIROPLASMA ID TOBACCO MOSAIC-VIRUS; YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; STUNTING MOLLICUTES; LEAFHOPPER VECTORS; ARROWLEAF CLOVER; RICE PLANTS; SIEVE TUBE; HOMOPTERA; APHIDIDAE; CICADELLIDAE AB Insect-transmitted plant pathogens can have positive, negative or no effects on the vector insect. Effects could be direct (caused by the pathogen) or indirect (mediated by changes in the plant). Pathogen effects on non-vector insects are less well known. Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) (Homoptera: Delphacidae), an insect that is not a vector of the corn stunt spiroplasma (CSS), weighed less 15 days after feeding on CSS-infected corn plants relative to insects feeding on healthy corn plants. Fecundity of non-vector insects that were removed from diseased plants was higher than for insects coming from healthy plants. For Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and Wolcott) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), an insect that transmits CSS, there were no differences in weight, longevity, eggs per day, weekly or total fecundity after feeding on healthy or on CSS-infected corn plants. Significant differences in some phloem amino acids were detected between healthy and CSS-infected plants. Infected plants also showed an increased phloem acidity as disease symptoms progressed. Feeding on CSS-infected corn plants by an insect that does not vector the pathogen infecting the plant can have favorable consequences as evidenced by an increased fecundity. C1 UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOL, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. UNIV GOTTINGEN, INST PFLANZENPATHOL & PFLANZENSCHUTZ, D-37077 GOTTINGEN, GERMANY. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT BOT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. USDA ARS, MIDWEST AREA, BIOMETRICIAN, PEORIA, IL 61604 USA. OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 NR 76 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0014-4754 J9 EXPERIENTIA JI Experientia PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 51 IS 3 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1007/BF01931115 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QP506 UT WOS:A1995QP50600031 ER PT J AU CLAUSEN, CA AF CLAUSEN, CA TI DISSOCIATION OF THE MULTIENZYME COMPLEX OF THE BROWN-ROT FUNGUS POSTIA-PLACENTA SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE BETA-1,4-ENDOGLUCANASE CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULASE; POSTIA PLACENTA; BROWN-ROT; HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY ID WHITE-ROT; XYLANASE; BETA-1,4-XYLANASE; PURIFICATION; CELLULASES; CELLULOSE; PROTEIN AB Cellulolytic and xylanolytic polysaccharidase enzyme activities from the multi-enzyme complex of Postia placenta MAD 698 were dissociated. Decayed wood extracts were fractionated by methyl-hydrophobic interaction chromatography and analyzed for reducing sugars and by viscosimetry and Western blot. Fractionated endoglucanases had molecular masses of 35 and 40 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Western blots probed with anti-endoglucanase and anti-xylanase antibodies revealed two endoglucanase bands at 35 and 40 kDa, but no commonality with the major xylanase band at 36 kDa. Anti-endoglucanase antibody inhibited endoglucanase enzyme activity. RP CLAUSEN, CA (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 127 IS 1-2 BP 73 EP 78 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA QM758 UT WOS:A1995QM75800012 ER PT J AU CHEN, H JENSEN, CL PRAGER, TC HEIRD, WC ANDERSON, RE AF CHEN, H JENSEN, CL PRAGER, TC HEIRD, WC ANDERSON, RE TI EFFECT OF ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID (18-3-OMEGA-3) INTAKE ON BLOOD FATTY-ACIDS IN TERM INFANTS SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX 77025. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,CTR NEUROSCI,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEAN A MCGEE EYE INST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S49 EP S49 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91500236 ER PT J AU GONG, X SHANG, F PALMER, H MURA, C SCROFANO, MM JAHNGENHODGE, J SMITH, D KHU, P TAYLOR, A AF GONG, X SHANG, F PALMER, H MURA, C SCROFANO, MM JAHNGENHODGE, J SMITH, D KHU, P TAYLOR, A TI EFFECT OF DIETARY CALORIE RESTRICTION AND AGING ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN THE LENS OF EMORY MICE SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HNRC,USDA,MEDFORD,MA 02155. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S525 EP S525 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91502431 ER PT J AU IKEGAMI, Y DOREY, CK OBIN, M DELORI, FC TAYLOR, A AF IKEGAMI, Y DOREY, CK OBIN, M DELORI, FC TAYLOR, A TI LEUPEPTIN INDUCED CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF PHOTORECEPTOR DERIVED LIPOFUSCIN IN CULTURED RAT RPE CELLS SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SCHEPENS EYE RES INST,BOSTON,MA. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. UNIV TOKYO,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JM,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S769 EP S769 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91503543 ER PT J AU KUMOSINSKI, TF GROTHVASSELLI, B AF KUMOSINSKI, TF GROTHVASSELLI, B TI QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT PHYSIOL,NEWARK,NJ 07103. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,NEWARK,NJ 07103. USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S885 EP S885 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91504051 ER PT J AU LEE, Y JACQUES, P RUSH, D AF LEE, Y JACQUES, P RUSH, D TI THE RELATIONSHIP OF VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-C INTAKE AND THE PRESENCE OF CATARACTS SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,NEW ENGLAND EYE CTR,BOSTON,MA 02130. USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S806 EP S806 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91503727 ER PT J AU OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A AF OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A TI UBIQUITIN-DEPENDENT PROTEOLYSIS IN ROD OUTER SEGMENT - IMPLICATIONS FOR PHOTOTRANSDUCTION PROTEIN-TURNOVER AND PHOTORECEPTOR DEGENERATION SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S658 EP S658 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91503002 ER PT J AU OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J PALMER, HJ NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A AF OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J PALMER, HJ NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE UBIQUITIN-DEPENDENT PROTEOLYTIC PATHWAY IN BOVINE ROD OUTER SEGMENTS (ROS) SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02130. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91501241 ER PT J AU SCHWEITZER, FC PRAGER, TC ZOU, Y RUIZ, RS CHEN, H ANDERSON, RE JENSEN, CL HEIRD, WC AF SCHWEITZER, FC PRAGER, TC ZOU, Y RUIZ, RS CHEN, H ANDERSON, RE JENSEN, CL HEIRD, WC TI EFFECT OF 18-3-OMEGA-3 INTAKE ON PATTERN VISUAL-EVOKED POTENTIALS IN TERM INFANTS SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,CTR NEUROSCI,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX 77025. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEAN A MCGEE EYE INST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91500234 ER PT J AU SHANG, F GONG, X TAYLOR, A AF SHANG, F GONG, X TAYLOR, A TI CHANGES IN UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ACTIVITIES IN YOUNG AND OLD LENSES IN RESPONSE TO OXIDATIVE STRESS SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HNCR,USDA,MEDFORD,MA 02155. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S528 EP S528 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91502448 ER PT J AU SHANG, F TAYLOR, A AF SHANG, F TAYLOR, A TI LENS CELLS MOUNT A UBIQUITIN-DEPENDENT PROTEOLYTIC RESPONSE TO OXIDATIVE CHALLENGE SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S658 EP S658 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91503004 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, A JACQUES, P LAHAV, M LEE, Y HANKINSON, S WILLETT, W AF TAYLOR, A JACQUES, P LAHAV, M LEE, Y HANKINSON, S WILLETT, W TI POTENTIAL ROLE OF EXOGENOUS NUTRIENTS IN MODIFYING OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN THE EYE SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP S192 EP S192 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA QM915 UT WOS:A1995QM91500897 ER PT J AU FINCH, SN AF FINCH, SN TI USDA-APHIS ACCREDITATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP FINCH, SN (reprint author), USDA,APHIS,VET SERV,MIAMI ANIM IMPORT CTR,MIAMI,FL, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 15 PY 1995 VL 206 IS 6 BP 769 EP 769 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QL411 UT WOS:A1995QL41100002 PM 7759324 ER PT J AU DEVEY, ME DELFINOMIX, A KINLOCH, BB NEALE, DB AF DEVEY, ME DELFINOMIX, A KINLOCH, BB NEALE, DB TI RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA MARKERS TIGHTLY LINKED TO A GENE FOR RESISTANCE TO WHITE-PINE BLISTER RUST IN SUGAR PINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; MEGAGAMETOPHYTES; LINKAGE MAP; GYMNOSPERM ID DISEASE-RESISTANCE; POPULATIONS AB We have genetically mapped a gene for resistance to white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola Fisch.) in sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) by using an approach which relies on three factors: (i) the ability to assay for genetic markers in the haploid stage of the host's life cycle, using megagametophyte seed tissue; (ii) a simple and clearly defined pathosystem; and (iii) the use Of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers that can be quickly and efficiently evaluated, Resistance to white pine blister rust in sugar pine is known to be controlled by a single dominant gene (R), Maternal segregation of R and dominant RAPD markers were scored simultaneously following collection Of megagametophytes for DNA assays and seedling inoculation with C. ribicola. Bulked samples of haploid megagametophyte DNA from resistant and susceptible offspring of segregating full-sib and half-sib families were used to evaluate 800 random decanucleotide primers. Ten loci linked with the gene for resistance to white pine blister rust were identified and segregation data were obtained from five families. Six of the linked markers were within 5 centimorgans of the gene, and one marker was 0.9 centimorgan from R, These and other markers derived by this approach may provide starting points for map-based cloning of this important gene. C1 US FOREST SERV,INST FOREST GENET,BERKELEY,CA 94701. RP DEVEY, ME (reprint author), CSIRO,DIV FORESTRY,POB 4008,QUEEN VICTORIA TER,ACT 2600,AUSTRALIA. NR 22 TC 65 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 14 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2066 EP 2070 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.6.2066 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA QM408 UT WOS:A1995QM40800058 PM 11607517 ER PT J AU ACKERMANN, MR BROGDEN, KA KEHRLI, ME AF ACKERMANN, MR BROGDEN, KA KEHRLI, ME TI CD18-INDEPENDENT INFILTRATION OF NEUTROPHILS INTO THE LUNG IN-VIVO SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A963 EP A963 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601968 ER PT J AU ALLEN, CB AF ALLEN, CB TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY COPPER DEFICIENCY ON RELATIVE FOOD-INTAKE (RFI) AND GROWTH EFFICIENCY (GE) IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A735 EP A735 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600641 ER PT J AU AUSMAN, LM SHAMI, S DAVIS, K AF AUSMAN, LM SHAMI, S DAVIS, K TI MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY IN STOOLS FROM COTTON-TOP TAMARINS IS DEPENDENT ON THEIR DEOXYCHOLATE AND LITHOCHOLATE CONCENTRATIONS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,SCH NUTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,HNRCA,USDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A868 EP A868 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601413 ER PT J AU BECKETT, PR DAVIS, TA FIOROTTO, ML AF BECKETT, PR DAVIS, TA FIOROTTO, ML TI CORTICOSTERONE STIMULATES PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS IN THE NEONATAL GUT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1011 EP A1011 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602240 ER PT J AU BRISKEANDERSON, M FINLEY, JW NEWMAN, SM AF BRISKEANDERSON, M FINLEY, JW NEWMAN, SM TI MORPHOLOGICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CACO-2 CELLS OF DIFFERENT PASSAGE NUMBERS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A658 EP A658 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600198 ER PT J AU BUCKLEY, WT GODFREY, DV VANDERPOOL, RA JOHNSON, PE AF BUCKLEY, WT GODFREY, DV VANDERPOOL, RA JOHNSON, PE TI DIRECT REACTING COPPER - DETERMINATION AND KINETICS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AAFC,PACIFIC AGR RES CTR,AGASSIZ,BC V0M 1A0,CANADA. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A725 EP A725 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600583 ER PT J AU BURRI, BJ NEIDLINGER, T OMAYE, S CLIFFORD, AJ SOWELL, AL AF BURRI, BJ NEIDLINGER, T OMAYE, S CLIFFORD, AJ SOWELL, AL TI INFLUENCE OF DIETARY VITAMIN-E ON ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30333. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV NEVADA,RENO,NV 89557. USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A764 EP A764 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600811 ER PT J AU CASTANEDA, C DOLNIKOWSKI, G DALLAL, G EVANS, W CRIM, M AF CASTANEDA, C DOLNIKOWSKI, G DALLAL, G EVANS, W CRIM, M TI PROTEIN-TURNOVER IN ELDERLY WOMEN CHRONICALLY FED A LOW-PROTEIN DIET SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A864 EP A864 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601391 ER PT J AU CHEN, NX WATSON, RM WRIGHT, JT HAUSMAN, GJ AF CHEN, NX WATSON, RM WRIGHT, JT HAUSMAN, GJ TI INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR BINDING-PROTEINS (IGFBPS), IGF-I AND PREADIPOCYTE DEVELOPMENT IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO - INFLUENCE OF THYROXINE AND FETAL AGE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A757 EP A757 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600768 ER PT J AU COCHARY, EF KIKINIS, Z PAULSON, KE AF COCHARY, EF KIKINIS, Z PAULSON, KE TI NUTRITIONAL REGULATION AND LOCALIZATION OF LIPOGENIC GENE-EXPRESSION IN OB/OB MOUSE-LIVER SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,SCH NUTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A723 EP A723 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600571 ER PT J AU CZERWINSKI, SM HUDSON, JR RICHTER, HE YOUNG, RB AF CZERWINSKI, SM HUDSON, JR RICHTER, HE YOUNG, RB TI PARTIAL STRUCTURE OF 3 BOVINE CARDIAC MYOSIN HEAVY-CHAIN GENES AND THEIR EXPRESSION PATTERNS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV ALABAMA,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A828 EP A828 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601181 ER PT J AU DAVIS, A POND, W WHEELER, M AF DAVIS, A POND, W WHEELER, M TI ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN GENETIC-MARKERS IN 7TH-GENERATION PIGS SELECTED FOR HIGH AND LOW PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CNRC,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A765 EP A765 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600814 ER PT J AU DAVIS, TA FIOROTTO, ML BURRIN, DG REEDS, PJ NGUYEN, HV POND, WG AF DAVIS, TA FIOROTTO, ML BURRIN, DG REEDS, PJ NGUYEN, HV POND, WG TI TISSUE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS IN NEWBORN PIGS IS UNAFFECTED BY INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A755 EP A755 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600756 ER PT J AU DROKE, EA LUKASKI, HC AF DROKE, EA LUKASKI, HC TI IRON-ABSORPTION AND ENTEROCYTE ACONITASE ACTIVITY - EFFECTS OF DIETARY IRON AND FAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A983 EP A983 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602083 ER PT J AU DUBICK, MA GRETZ, D BROOKS, DE JANSSEN, CM SCHAEFFER, MC AF DUBICK, MA GRETZ, D BROOKS, DE JANSSEN, CM SCHAEFFER, MC TI SKIN WOUND-HEALING IN RATS FED DIFFERENT VITAMIN-B-6 (PYRIDOXINE) DIETS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,INST SURG RES,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234. USDA ARS,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A986 EP A986 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602103 ER PT J AU ELLWOOD, KC JOHANNESSEN, JN BHATHENA, SJ AF ELLWOOD, KC JOHANNESSEN, JN BHATHENA, SJ TI BIOMARKERS USED TO ASSESS THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUGAR ALCOHOLS IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,CSREES,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A999 EP A999 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602176 ER PT J AU ELSASSER, T BLUM, J KAHL, S RUMSEY, T AF ELSASSER, T BLUM, J KAHL, S RUMSEY, T TI RELIABILITY OF IN-VITRO MONOCYTE RESPONSES TO PREDICT IN-VIVO TNF-ALPHA RESPONSES TO LPS CHALLENGE IN CATTLE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV BERN,BERN,SWITZERLAND. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A967 EP A967 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601995 ER PT J AU FLEMING, D DALLAL, G JACQUES, P TUCKER, K WILSON, P WOOD, RJ AF FLEMING, D DALLAL, G JACQUES, P TUCKER, K WILSON, P WOOD, RJ TI DIETARY DETERMINANTS OF IRON STORES IN A FREE-LIVING ELDERLY POPULATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. FRAMINGHAM HEART DIS EPIDEMIOL STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A983 EP A983 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602084 ER PT J AU GONG, J MURA, C MEYDANI, M MUNE, M OHTANI, H ZHANG, Y BLUMBERG, JB AF GONG, J MURA, C MEYDANI, M MUNE, M OHTANI, H ZHANG, Y BLUMBERG, JB TI EFFECT OF DIETARY FISH-OIL (FO), VITAMIN-E (E) AND PROBUCOL (P) ON LIVER-MITOCHONDRIA (MT) ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE IN RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A708 EP A708 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600484 ER PT J AU HAN, O FAILLA, ML SMITH, JC AF HAN, O FAILLA, ML SMITH, JC TI MONOKINES IMPAIR FE TRANSPORT FROM THE APICAL TO THE BASOLATERAL CHAMBER BY HUMAN CACO-2 CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD. UNIV N CAROLINA,GREENSBORO,NC 27412. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A983 EP A983 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602085 ER PT J AU HARTMAN, WJ PRIOR, RL AF HARTMAN, WJ PRIOR, RL TI DIFFERENCES IN AMINO-ACID-CONCENTRATIONS IN SKELETAL-MUSCLE AND FLUXES ACROSS THE HINDQUARTERS (HQ) OF YOUNG AND AGED FOOD-DEPRIVED RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,USDA ARS,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A747 EP A747 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600712 ER PT J AU HUNT, JR PENLAND, JG NIELSEN, EJ AF HUNT, JR PENLAND, JG NIELSEN, EJ TI IRON STATUS DETERMINED BY PLASMA FERRITIN IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN - ASSOCIATIONS WITH LABORATORY INDEXES, LIFE-STYLE, MOOD, DEPRESSION AND PERSONALITY AS MEASURED BY THE MMPI SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A975 EP A975 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602042 ER PT J AU JACOB, R KUTNINK, M GRETZ, D DAROSZEWSKA, M BURTON, G AF JACOB, R KUTNINK, M GRETZ, D DAROSZEWSKA, M BURTON, G TI EFFECTS OF VITAMIN-C NUTRITURE ON VITAMIN-E STATUS OF HEALTHY WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,STEACIE INST MOLEC SCI,OTTAWA,ON K1A 0R6,CANADA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A764 EP A764 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600808 ER PT J AU JENSEN, CL CHEN, HM SMITH, EO PRAGER, TC HEIRD, WC ANDERSON, RE AF JENSEN, CL CHEN, HM SMITH, EO PRAGER, TC HEIRD, WC ANDERSON, RE TI EFFECT OF ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID (LNA) INTAKE ON FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN TERM INFANTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A730 EP A730 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600612 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, PE VANDERPOOL, RA BUCKLEY, WT AF JOHNSON, PE VANDERPOOL, RA BUCKLEY, WT TI COMPARISON OF MULTIPLE STABLE AND RADIOISOTOPE METHODS FOR MEASURING COPPER ABSORPTION IN HUMANS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58203. AAFC,PACIFIC AGR RES CTR,AGASSIZ,BC V0M 1A0,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A725 EP A725 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600581 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, WT ARYA, A SUKALSKI, KA AF JOHNSON, WT ARYA, A SUKALSKI, KA TI COPPER DEFICIENCY INCREASES HEPATIC REDUCTASE ACTIVITIES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNIV N DAKOTA,SCH MED,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A735 EP A735 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600644 ER PT J AU KEHAYIAS, JJ DOWLING, LJ FIATARONE, M ROUBENOFF, R ZHUANG, L ABAD, LW AF KEHAYIAS, JJ DOWLING, LJ FIATARONE, M ROUBENOFF, R ZHUANG, L ABAD, LW TI LEAN TISSUE DEPLETION AND BODY-FAT CHANGES IN AGING - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JOAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A980 EP A980 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602071 ER PT J AU KELLEY, DS DAUDU, PA TAYLOR, PG MACKEY, BE HAWKES, WC AF KELLEY, DS DAUDU, PA TAYLOR, PG MACKEY, BE HAWKES, WC TI EFFECT OF LOW SELENIUM (LSE) AND HIGH SELENIUM (HSE) DIETS ON HUMAN IMMUNE-RESPONSE (IR) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A731 EP A731 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600616 ER PT J AU KOPP, LE WONG, WW KING, JC AF KOPP, LE WONG, WW KING, JC TI CHANGES IN COMPONENTS OF ENERGY-METABOLISM IN WELL NOURISHED PREGNANT-WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUTR SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BAYLOR UNIV,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A729 EP A729 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600605 ER PT J AU KUBES, P WOODMAN, RC SMITH, CW KEHRLI, ME REINHARDT, PH NIU, XF AF KUBES, P WOODMAN, RC SMITH, CW KEHRLI, ME REINHARDT, PH NIU, XF TI A NOVEL BETA-1-DEPENDENT ADHESION PATHWAY ON NEUTROPHILS - A MECHANISM INVOKED BY DIHYDROCYTOCHALASIN-B (DHCB) OR ENDOTHELIAL TRANSMIGRATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALGARY,CALGARY,AB T2N 4N1,CANADA. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. USDA ARS,AMES,IA 50010. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A795 EP A795 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600987 ER PT J AU LANE, MA BALDWIN, RL JESSE, BW AF LANE, MA BALDWIN, RL JESSE, BW TI METABOLIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUMEN EPITHELIUM DOES NOT OCCUR IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID FEED-INTAKE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1017 EP A1017 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602278 ER PT J AU LEVANDER, OA MORRIS, VC APPEL, LJ AF LEVANDER, OA MORRIS, VC APPEL, LJ TI URINARY-EXCRETION OF MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS CONSUMING A HIGH-POTENCY ANTIOXIDANT SUPPLEMENT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,WELCH CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21287. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A764 EP A764 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600809 ER PT J AU LOMINADZE, DG SAARI, JT MILLER, FN JUSTUS, DE SCHUSCHKE, DA AF LOMINADZE, DG SAARI, JT MILLER, FN JUSTUS, DE SCHUSCHKE, DA TI THE AGGREGATION AND ADHESION OF PLATELETS FROM DIETARY COPPER-DEFICIENT RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,CTR APPL MICROCIRCULATORY RES,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A734 EP A734 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600636 ER PT J AU MARTIN, A BLUMBERG, JB MEYDANI, M AF MARTIN, A BLUMBERG, JB MEYDANI, M TI VITAMIN-E (ALPHA-T) DECREASES INTRACELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE (ICAM-1) EXPRESSION AND MONOCYTE ADHESION TO HUMAN AORTIC ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS (EC) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JM HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A726 EP A726 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600590 ER PT J AU MCNEEL, RL MERSMANN, HJ AF MCNEEL, RL MERSMANN, HJ TI BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR SUBTYPE TRANSCRIPTS IN PORCINE ADIPOSE-TISSUE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1018 EP A1018 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602281 ER PT J AU MOMCILOVIC, B BLAKE, MJ REEVES, PG AF MOMCILOVIC, B BLAKE, MJ REEVES, PG TI AORTIC HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN-70 MESSENGER-RNA (HSP70MRNA) AND INTESTINAL METALLOTHIONEIN (IMT) RESPONSICE IN WEANLING RATS FED GRADED AMOUNTS OF DIETARY ZINC SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNIV N DAKOTA,DEPT PHARMACOL,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A738 EP A738 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600657 ER PT J AU MOON, JK MEHTA, N BUTTE, NF AF MOON, JK MEHTA, N BUTTE, NF TI 24-H URINARY DOPAMINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE PREDICT HEART-RATE VARIATION AT REST SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1001 EP A1001 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602183 ER PT J AU MOSERVEILLON, P PATTERSON, KY VEILLON, C AF MOSERVEILLON, P PATTERSON, KY VEILLON, C TI ZINC-ABSORPTION IS ENHANCED DURING LACTATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NUTR & FOOD SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A729 EP A729 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600608 ER PT J AU MOTIL, KJ KERTZ, B MONTANDON, CM OPEKUN, AR WONG, WW REEDS, PJ AF MOTIL, KJ KERTZ, B MONTANDON, CM OPEKUN, AR WONG, WW REEDS, PJ TI LEUCINE OXIDATION IN LACTATING ADOLESCENTS ADAPTS RAPIDLY TO VARIABLE PROTEIN INTAKES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A729 EP A729 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600606 ER PT J AU MUNE, M MEYDANI, M GONG, J SMITH, D OHTANI, H BLUMBERG, JB AF MUNE, M MEYDANI, M GONG, J SMITH, D OHTANI, H BLUMBERG, JB TI EFFECT OF DIETARY FISH-OIL VITAMIN-E AND PROBUCOL ON RENAL INJURY IN THE RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,JM,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A966 EP A966 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601986 ER PT J AU NAIR, PP LOHANI, A NORKUS, EP FEAGINS, H BHAGAVAN, HN AF NAIR, PP LOHANI, A NORKUS, EP FEAGINS, H BHAGAVAN, HN TI SELECTED MICRONUTRIENTS IN HUMAN COLONIC EPITHELIAL-CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. OUR LADY MERCY MED CTR,BRONX,NY 10466. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A989 EP A989 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602117 ER PT J AU OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A AF OBIN, MS JAHNGENHODGE, J NOWELL, T TAYLOR, A TI UBIQUITIN-DEPENDENT PROTEOLYSIS IN PHOTORECEPTORS SUGGESTS A ROLE FOR UBIQUITIN IN VISUAL TRANSDUCTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A673 EP A673 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600286 ER PT J AU PELLETT, L MILNE, DB AF PELLETT, L MILNE, DB TI THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNESIUM INTAKE ON COPPER INDICATORS IN RATS DEPRIVED OF DIETARY COPPER SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A735 EP A735 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600640 ER PT J AU PIERSON, RN MA, RM NELSON, M KOTLER, DP THORNTON, JC WANG, J AF PIERSON, RN MA, RM NELSON, M KOTLER, DP THORNTON, JC WANG, J TI QUALITY OF THE FAT-FREE MASS-II - CONTRIBUTIONS OF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS BY IN-VIVO NEUTRON-ACTIVATION (IVNA) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,NEW YORK,NY 10025. HNRC AGING,BOSTON,MA 02215. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11723. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A979 EP A979 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602065 ER PT J AU RALL, LC LUNDGREN, N MEYDANI, SN ROUBENOFF, R AF RALL, LC LUNDGREN, N MEYDANI, SN ROUBENOFF, R TI PROTEIN-METABOLISM (PM) AND GROWTH-HORMONE (GH) IN AGING AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION - EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE RESISTANCE EXERCISE (PRE) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,JMUSDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A864 EP A864 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601390 ER PT J AU REEDS, P JAHOOR, F BURRIN, D WYKES, L HENRY, J FRAZER, E AF REEDS, P JAHOOR, F BURRIN, D WYKES, L HENRY, J FRAZER, E TI PORTAL-DRAINED VISCERA DOMINATE THE SPLANCHNIC METABOLISM OF ENTERAL GLUTAMATE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A743 EP A743 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600689 ER PT J AU REEVES, PG AF REEVES, PG TI INTESTINAL METALLOTHIONEIN (IMT) ADAPTATION AND ZN ABSORPTION IN ADULT MALE-RATS FEED HIGH-ZN DIETS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A866 EP A866 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601406 ER PT J AU RICHARDS, MP ANDREWS, GK WINGE, DR BEATTIE, JH AF RICHARDS, MP ANDREWS, GK WINGE, DR BEATTIE, JH TI SEPARATION OF 3 MOUSE METALLOTHIONEIN ISOFORMS BY FREE-SOLUTION CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS (FSCE) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,KANSAS CITY,KS 66160. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV UTAH,MED CTR,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. ROWETT RES INST,ABERDEEN,SCOTLAND. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A738 EP A738 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600658 ER PT J AU RICHARDSON, RL HAUSMAN, GJ WRIGHT, JT AF RICHARDSON, RL HAUSMAN, GJ WRIGHT, JT TI ONTOGENY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THYROXINE ON THE DIFFERENTIATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS (SQ) ADIPOSE-TISSUE IN THE FETAL PIG SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30613. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A757 EP A757 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600770 ER PT J AU RIFKA, MG SCHANLER, RJ AF RIFKA, MG SCHANLER, RJ TI DIET AFFECTS URINARY CALCIUM EXCRETION IN PRETERM INFANTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,SECT NEONATOL,HOUSTON,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A754 EP A754 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600749 ER PT J AU ROUBENOFF, R KIEL, DP HANNAN, MT DALLAL, GE WILSON, PWF HARRIS, TB AF ROUBENOFF, R KIEL, DP HANNAN, MT DALLAL, GE WILSON, PWF HARRIS, TB TI VALIDATION OF BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE (BIA) IN AN AMBULATORY ELDERLY POPULATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,JMUSDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. HEBREW REHABIL CTR AGED,RES INST,BOSTON,MA 02131. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. FRAMINLGHAM HEART STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. NIA,EDBP,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A980 EP A980 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602069 ER PT J AU RUMSEY, TS ELSASSER, TH KAHL, S AF RUMSEY, TS ELSASSER, TH KAHL, S TI EFFECT OF AN ESTROGENIC GROWTH PROMOTER AND ROASTED SOYBEANS ON WEIGHT-GAIN AND RESPONSE TO TRH+GHRH IN BEEF STEERS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1019 EP A1019 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602289 ER PT J AU SCHAEFER, EJ LICHTENSTEIN, AH LAMONFAVA, S MCNAMARA, JR SCHAEFER, MM RASMUSSEN, H ORDOVAS, JM AF SCHAEFER, EJ LICHTENSTEIN, AH LAMONFAVA, S MCNAMARA, JR SCHAEFER, MM RASMUSSEN, H ORDOVAS, JM TI CONSUMPTION OF AN AD-LIBITUM LOW-FAT DIET PROMOTES WEIGHT-LOSS AND LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING IN MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY MEN AND WOMEN WITH MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A978 EP A978 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602054 ER PT J AU SCHOLFIELD, DJ BEHALL, KM HALLFRISCH, J AF SCHOLFIELD, DJ BEHALL, KM HALLFRISCH, J TI URINARY MALONDIALDEHYDE IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS AFTER LONG-TERM CONSUMPTION OF DIETS CONTAINING SOLUBLE OAT EXTRACTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A729 EP A729 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600604 ER PT J AU SHIPPEE, R WOOD, S ANDERSON, P KRAMER, T NEITA, M WOLCOTT, K AF SHIPPEE, R WOOD, S ANDERSON, P KRAMER, T NEITA, M WOLCOTT, K TI EFFECTS OF GLUTAMINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF SOLDIERS DURING THE SPECIAL FORCES ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION COURSE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,NATICK,MA 01760. USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ROSS LABS,COLUMBUS,OH 43215. USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A731 EP A731 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600617 ER PT J AU SOKOLL, LJ BOOTH, SL SADOWSKI, JA AF SOKOLL, LJ BOOTH, SL SADOWSKI, JA TI CHANGES IN UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN (UCOC) WITH INCREASED DIETARY PHYLLOQUINONE (VK-1) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A726 EP A726 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600587 ER PT J AU SOUZA, C HOWE, J RUMPLER, W AF SOUZA, C HOWE, J RUMPLER, W TI EFFECT OF DIET COMPOSITION AND MODERATE ALCOHOL OR WINE CONSUMPTION ON URINARY CATECHOLAMINE (CAT) EXCRETION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,DHPL,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A763 EP A763 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600802 ER PT J AU STABEL, J GOFF, J AF STABEL, J GOFF, J TI DIETARY CALCIUM MODULATES PLASMA 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3 AND MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN BEIGE MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A808 EP A808 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601064 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, B LOWE, NM VANLOAN, M KING, JC TURNLUND, JR AF SUTHERLAND, B LOWE, NM VANLOAN, M KING, JC TURNLUND, JR TI EFFECT OF EXPERIMENTAL ZINC DEPLETION ON BODY-COMPOSITION AND BASAL-METABOLISM IN MEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUTR SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. RI Lowe, Nicola/B-5472-2013 OI Lowe, Nicola/0000-0002-6934-2768 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A736 EP A736 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600648 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, KH TURNLUND, JR AF THOMPSON, KH TURNLUND, JR TI COMPARTMENTAL MODEL OF MOLYBDENUM METABOLISM IN ADULT MEN FED A LOW MOLYBDENUM DIET SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1000 EP A1000 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602180 ER PT J AU TURNLUND, JR KEYES, WR PEIFFER, GL AF TURNLUND, JR KEYES, WR PEIFFER, GL TI COPPER EXCRETION INTO THE GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT AT 3 LEVELS OF DIETARY COPPER STUDIED WITH THE STABLE-ISOTOPE CU-65 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A725 EP A725 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600580 ER PT J AU VANDERPOOL, RA JOHNSON, PE BUCKLEY, WT AF VANDERPOOL, RA JOHNSON, PE BUCKLEY, WT TI STABLE CU-65 ISOTOPE ABSORPTION FROM EXTRINSICALLY OR INTRINSICALLY LABELED BEEF OR TOMATOES IN MEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. AAFC,PACIFIC AGR RES CTR,AGASSIZ,BC V0M 1A0,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A725 EP A725 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600584 ER PT J AU VANLOAN, MD JOHNSON, HL MAYCLIN, PL BARBIERI, TF AF VANLOAN, MD JOHNSON, HL MAYCLIN, PL BARBIERI, TF TI USE OF DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DXA) TO MONITOR EFFECTS OF WEIGHT-LOSS ON BONE-MINERAL CONTENT AND DENSITY (BMC, BMD) IN OBESE WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1016 EP A1016 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602269 ER PT J AU VOGEL, S LICHTENSTEIN, AH SCHAEFER, EJ LAMMIKEEFE, CJ AF VOGEL, S LICHTENSTEIN, AH SCHAEFER, EJ LAMMIKEEFE, CJ TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY-ACIDS ON PLASMA ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL CONCENTRATIONS IN HUMAN-SUBJECTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A763 EP A763 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600806 ER PT J AU WATERS, WR HARP, JA AF WATERS, WR HARP, JA TI CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM INFECTION IN TCR/ALPHA-DEFICIENT AND TCR/DELTA-DEFICIENT TRANSGENIC MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A776 EP A776 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600876 ER PT J AU WESTER, TJ BURRIN, DG FIOROTTO, ML MCAVOY, S KLINDT, J AF WESTER, TJ BURRIN, DG FIOROTTO, ML MCAVOY, S KLINDT, J TI NUTRITION, NOT GROWTH-HORMONE (GH), STIMULATES CIRCULATING INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR-I (IGF-I) IN NEONATAL PIGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A1010 EP A1010 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602239 ER PT J AU WIEN, EM GLAHN, RP VANCAMPEN, DR GANGLOFF, MB MILLER, DD AF WIEN, EM GLAHN, RP VANCAMPEN, DR GANGLOFF, MB MILLER, DD TI EFFECTS OF ANIMAL PROTEINS ON FE-99 UPTAKE - USE OF AN IN-VITRO DIGESTION CACO-2 CELL MODEL FOR ESTIMATING IRON BIOAVAILABILITY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A984 EP A984 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40602090 ER PT J AU WYKES, LJ JAHOOR, F REEDS, PJ HENRY, JF DELROSARIO, M FRAZER, M AF WYKES, LJ JAHOOR, F REEDS, PJ HENRY, JF DELROSARIO, M FRAZER, M TI CHRONIC PROTEIN-DEFICIENCY AND INFLAMMATION AFFECT GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS RATES IN YOUNG-PIGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A865 EP A865 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40601397 ER PT J AU XU, R YOKOYAMA, WH HUDSON, CA WALZEM, R HANSEN, RJ GERMAN, JB AF XU, R YOKOYAMA, WH HUDSON, CA WALZEM, R HANSEN, RJ GERMAN, JB TI GENDER RESPONSE TO DIETARY-INDUCED LIPOPROTEIN CHANGES IN THE HAMSTER SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 4 BP A768 EP A768 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QM406 UT WOS:A1995QM40600834 ER PT J AU COHEN, WB SPIES, TA SWANSON, FJ WALLIN, DO AF COHEN, WB SPIES, TA SWANSON, FJ WALLIN, DO TI LAND-COVER ON THE WESTERN SLOPES OF THE CENTRAL OREGON CASCADE RANGE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT FOREST SCI,FORESTRY SCI LAB 020,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP COHEN, WB (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,3200 SW JEFFERSON WAY,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 16 IS 4 BP 595 EP 596 PG 2 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA QQ504 UT WOS:A1995QQ50400001 ER PT J AU COHEN, WB SPIES, TA FIORELLA, M AF COHEN, WB SPIES, TA FIORELLA, M TI ESTIMATING THE AGE AND STRUCTURE OF FORESTS IN A MULTI-OWNERSHIP LANDSCAPE OF WESTERN OREGON, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH; LANDSAT; CANOPY; VEGETATION; IMAGERY AB Forests of the Pacific Northwest region of the U.S.A. are part of an ongoing political debate that focuses on the trade-offs between commodity and non-commodity values. A key issue in this debate is the location and extent of closed canopy mature and old-growth forest remaining in the region. Remote sensing can play a major part in locating mature and old-growth forests, but several challenges must be overcome to do so with acceptable accuracy. Conifer forests of the region have high leaf area indices. Thus, most incident solar energy is absorbed, making these forests difficult targets for discrimination of classes. Additionally, spectral characteristics can be affected more by the effects of steep topography than condition of the closed canopy forest. Experimenting with a number of techniques, we estimated and mapped forest age and structure in 1988 over a 1237482 ha area on the west side of the Oregon Cascade Range with an overall accuracy of 82 per cent. Unsupervised classification enabled several forest classes to be defined in terms of per cent cover: open (0-30 per cent), semi-open (30-85 per cent), closed mix (> 85 per cent, of which at least 10 per cent is comprised of non-conifer species), and closed conifer (> 85 per cent, of which less than 10 per cent is non-conifer). These classes represented nearly distinct spectral groups. Within the closed canopy conifer class, between two and three age and structural classes could be distinguished using regression analysis (e.g., young, mature, and old-growth). Defining more classes seriously degraded map accuracies. The Tasseled Cap wetness index was not sensitive to topography, and yielded more accurate results in closed canopy conifer stands than Tasseled Cap brightness or greenness, even when regression models using these indices were based on solar incidence angle stratification. The multi-ownership study area consisted of 76 per cent forestland. Of the total forestland, 70 per cent was closed canopy conifer, with 42 per cent being in a mature or old-growth state. Forests administered by the USDI Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the USDA Forest Service, but protected by congressional and administrative mandates from harvest, were 10 per cent of the total forestland. Of the protected category, only 60 per cent was mature and old-growth forest. Unprotected BLM and Forest Service lands accounted for 53 per cent of the forestland in this study (8 and 45 per cent, respectively). Of the unprotected category, the BLM had 63 per cent, and the Forest Service had 49 per cent, respectively, of their holdings in a pre-canopy closure and young conifer condition. Thirty-five per cent of the forestland was privately owned, and consisted of 73 per cent pre-canopy closure and young conifer forest stands. Of all mature and old-growth forest, 22 per cent was found on private land, 7 per cent on unprotected BLM land, 55 per cent on unprotected Forest Service land, and 15 per cent on protected land. RP COHEN, WB (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,3200 SW JEFFERSON WAY,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 27 TC 213 Z9 227 U1 3 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 16 IS 4 BP 721 EP 746 PG 26 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA QQ504 UT WOS:A1995QQ50400011 ER PT J AU MULBRY, WW KARNS, JS AF MULBRY, WW KARNS, JS TI DEGRADATION OF AN ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDE IN HIGHLY CONTAMINATED SOILS AND IN LIQUID WASTES SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 50 EP 50 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400167 ER PT J AU GAUSE, WC DIZHOU, X CHEN, SJ MORRIS, SC FINKELMAN, FD LINSLEY, P URBAN, JF LU, P AF GAUSE, WC DIZHOU, X CHEN, SJ MORRIS, SC FINKELMAN, FD LINSLEY, P URBAN, JF LU, P TI THE CTLA-4 COUNTER-RECEPTOR IS REQUIRED FOR T-CELL IL-4 PRODUCTION DURING THE PRIMARY BUT NOT CHALLENGE MUCOSAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE TO A GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITE SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,DEPT CELLULAR IMMUNOL,SEATTLE,WA 98121. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,WA HELMINTHIC DIS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USUHS,DEPT MICROBIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USUHS,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 165 EP 165 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400607 ER PT J AU TABACHNICK, WJ HOLBROOK, FR AF TABACHNICK, WJ HOLBROOK, FR TI POPULATION-GENETICS OF INSECT DISEASE VECTORS - CULICOIDES AND BLUETONGUE DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ARTHROPOD BORNE ANIM DIS RES LAB,LARAMIE,WY 82071. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400683 ER PT J AU BEEMAN, RW AF BEEMAN, RW TI RETROTRANSPOSON INSERTION SITE-SPECIFICITY ASSESSED BY UNIVERSAL PCR SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US GRAIN MKT RES LAB,MANHATTAN,KS 66502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 196 EP 196 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400708 ER PT J AU HEILMANN, LJ AF HEILMANN, LJ TI 2 TANDEMLY REPEATED SATELLITE-LIKE DNA-SEQUENCES FROM THE BOLL-WEEVIL, ANTHONOMUS-GRANDIS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BIOSCI RES LAB,FARGO,ND 58105. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 198 EP 198 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400718 ER PT J AU ZANTOKO, L SHUKLE, RH RATCLIFFE, RH AF ZANTOKO, L SHUKLE, RH RATCLIFFE, RH TI COEVOLUTION OF GENE-FOR-GENE RESISTANCE IN THE HESSIAN FLY WHEAT INTERACTION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA,DEPT ENTOMOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 199 EP 199 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400723 ER PT J AU SCOTT, JA SOILEAU, C DAVEY, R AF SCOTT, JA SOILEAU, C DAVEY, R TI A COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF SUSCEPTIBLE AND PYRETHROID-RESISTANT SOUTHERN CATTLE TICKS, BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,KNIPLING BUSHLAND US LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,TICK UNIT,KERRVILLE,TX 78028. USDA ARS,CATTLE FEVER TICK RES LAB,MISSION,TX 78573. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 202 EP 202 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400732 ER PT J AU SHUKLE, RH RUSSELL, VW AF SHUKLE, RH RUSSELL, VW TI MOLECULAR AND CYTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SYSTEM FROM THE HESSIAN FLY SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA,DEPT ENTOMOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 202 EP 202 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400734 ER PT J AU SOILEAU, C SCOTT, JA DAVEY, R AF SOILEAU, C SCOTT, JA DAVEY, R TI MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF COUMAPHOS-RESISTANT SOUTHERN CATTLE TICKS, BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,KNIPLING BUSHLAND US LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,TICK UNIT,KERRVILLE,TX 78028. USDA ARS,CATTLE FEVER TICK RES LAB,MISSION,TX 78573. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 202 EP 202 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400735 ER PT J AU DECAMILLIS, M DENELL, R BEEMAN, R AF DECAMILLIS, M DENELL, R BEEMAN, R TI PHENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF 5 NOVEL EMBRYONIC LETHAL MUTATIONS AFFECTING ANTERIOR CELL FATE IN TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,GMRL,BIOL RES UNIT,MANHATTAN,KS 66502. KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 215 EP 215 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400784 ER PT J AU GUERRERO, FD CLOTTENS, F HOLMAN, M AF GUERRERO, FD CLOTTENS, F HOLMAN, M TI PURIFICATION OF A CDNA-ENCODING A TACHYKININ-LIKE NEUROPEPTIDE HORMONE-RECEPTOR SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,KERRVILLE,TX 78028. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 216 EP 216 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86400788 ER PT J AU KERR, DE FURTH, PA WALL, RJ AF KERR, DE FURTH, PA WALL, RJ TI OVINE MAMMARY-GLAND EXPRESSION OF JET-INJECTED PLASMID DNA - NORTHERN BLOT AND ANTIBODY ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ALTRABIO INC,ARDEN HILLS,MN 55126. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DIV INFECT DIS,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,GENE EVALUAT & MAPPING LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 395 EP 395 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401432 ER PT J AU SMITH, LG HAKE, S SYLVESTER, AW AF SMITH, LG HAKE, S SYLVESTER, AW TI THE ROLE OF THE MAIZE GENE, TANGLED, IN THE SPATIAL CONTROL OF CELL-DIVISION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. UNIV IDAHO,DEPT BIOL SCI,MOSCOW,ID 83843. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 438 EP 438 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401591 ER PT J AU DIXON, DC TRIPLETT, BA MEREDITH, WR AF DIXON, DC TRIPLETT, BA MEREDITH, WR TI POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF TUBULIN FROM DEVELOPING COTTON FIBERS CELLS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. USDA ARS,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 444 EP 444 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401610 ER PT J AU ROY, S WATADA, AE CONWAY, WS WERGIN, WP AF ROY, S WATADA, AE CONWAY, WS WERGIN, WP TI CELL-WALL AUTOLYSIS DURING FRUIT RIPENING - VISUALIZATION OF CALCIUM-IONS AND PECTIN SEQUENCES SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 460 EP 460 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401670 ER PT J AU HONMA, M WADDELL, C BAKER, B AF HONMA, M WADDELL, C BAKER, B TI TRANSPOSON TAGGING OF A FLORAL INDUCTION LOCUS WITH DS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. DUKE UNIV,DEPT BOT,DURHAM,NC 27708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 467 EP 467 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401698 ER PT J AU HUBER, JL MCMICHAEL, RW BACHMANN, M HUBER, SC AF HUBER, JL MCMICHAEL, RW BACHMANN, M HUBER, SC TI CONTROL OF PLANT ENZYME-ACTIVITY BY REVERSIBLE PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT INSERM,RALEIGH,NC 27695. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 477 EP 477 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401720 ER PT J AU HONG, SB KALAITZIS, P TUCKER, MI AF HONG, SB KALAITZIS, P TUCKER, MI TI GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF ABSCISSION-SPECIFIC CELLULASE AND POLYGALACTURONASE GENE-EXPRESSION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,PMBI,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,PROGRAM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 480 EP 480 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401732 ER PT J AU NATH, P KOEHLER, S MATTERS, G TUCKER, M AF NATH, P KOEHLER, S MATTERS, G TUCKER, M TI PROMOTER ANALYSIS OF AN ETHYLENE-INDUCIBLE ABSCISSION CELLULASE GENE IN BEAN SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROWN UNIV,DIV BIOL & MED,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 482 EP 482 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401738 ER PT J AU ZHOU, DB MATTOO, A TUCKER, M AF ZHOU, DB MATTOO, A TUCKER, M TI MOLECULAR-CLONING OF AN ETR1 CDNA HOMOLOG FROM TOMATO SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20704. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT HORT,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401747 ER PT J AU ORLANDI, EW MOCK, NM BAKER, CJ AF ORLANDI, EW MOCK, NM BAKER, CJ TI THE ELICITATION AND SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN THE 2-PHASED ACTIVE OXYGEN RESPONSE DURING PLANT BACTERIA INTERACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT BOT,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 489 EP 489 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401765 ER PT J AU BRADOW, JM SASSENRATHCOLE, GF BAUER, PJ HINOJOSA, O WARTELLE, LH AF BRADOW, JM SASSENRATHCOLE, GF BAUER, PJ HINOJOSA, O WARTELLE, LH TI HOW DO ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS ALTER COTTON FIBER MORPHOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SRRC,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 500 EP 500 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401808 ER PT J AU MUSCHIETTI, J EYAL, Y MCCORMICK, S AF MUSCHIETTI, J EYAL, Y MCCORMICK, S TI PROTEIN-KINASES SPECIFICALLY EXPRESSED IN TOMATO POLLEN - IMPLICATIONS IN POLLEN-PISTIL INTERACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD MAR 10 PY 1995 SU 21A BP 508 EP 508 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QT864 UT WOS:A1995QT86401841 ER PT J AU ABIDI, SL MOUNTS, TL AF ABIDI, SL MOUNTS, TL TI SEPARATIONS OF MOLECULAR-SPECIES OF PHOSPHATIDIC-ACID BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article ID SOYBEAN OIL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; HPLC AB Molecular species of phosphatidic acid (PA) were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with mobile phases of acetonitrile-methanol-water containing quaternary ammonium phosphates (QAPs). Effective resolution of PA complexes was achieved by using low-mass QAPs at concentrations greater than or equal to 50 mM or high-mass QAPs at concentrations greater than or equal to 10 mM. Capacity factor (k') values were found to be dramatically influenced by the type and concentration of QAP, stationary phase specifications, and mobile phase solvent compositions. An increase in the acetonitrile-methanol ratio of the mobile phase tended to enhance the retention and separation of the polar lipid components. Correlation of logarithmic k' values with the total number of carbon atoms in QAP appeared to yield non-linear relationships. Compositions of major molecular species in various PA samples were determined by calibration with synthetic PA standards. Distribution patterns of PA molecular species in samples derived from animal and plant sources were compared. RP ABIDI, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 694 IS 2 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(94)01239-B PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA QM979 UT WOS:A1995QM97900005 ER PT J AU BAXT, B MASON, PW AF BAXT, B MASON, PW TI FOOT-AND-MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS UNDERGOES RESTRICTED REPLICATION IN MACROPHAGE CELL-CULTURES FOLLOWING FC RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ADSORPTION SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; POLIOVIRUS; CATTLE; RNA; PATHOGENESIS; TRANSMISSION; PERSISTENCE; ATTACHMENT; MICE; ACID AB We have previously reported that foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can enter an Fe receptor (FcR)-expressing cell line by antibody-dependent enhancement. Since FMDV can establish a persistent infection in animals in the presence of high levels of neutralizing antibodies (carrier state), we examined macrophages for their ability to be infected by the virus in the presence of antibody. The murine macrophage cell line P388D(1) or porcine macrophage-monocytes isolated from peripheral blood were incubated with antibody-complexed virus. Under these conditions, host protein synthesis was rapidly inhibited in both cell types, but not in cells incubated either with virus alone or with imine-inactivated antibody-complexed virus. Virus-specific structural and nonstructural proteins were synthesized in antibody-complexed virus-infected P388D(1) cells, while only nonstructural proteins were detected in porcine macrophage cultures. Negative-strand RNAs were detected in both cell types, indicating that RNA replication had taken place, Cultures of P388D(1) cells transfected with viral RNA produced very low levels of infectious virus, and infection with virus-antibody complexes, followed by a brief wash with pH 6.0 buffer to remove residual input virus, allowed the detection of low levels of productive replication. Thus, macrophages can be infected with FMDV via FcR-mediated adsorption, and infection of these cells could contribute to pathology or provide a reservoir of infectious virus in carrier animals. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP BAXT, B (reprint author), USDA ARS,PLUM ISL ANIM DIS CTR,POB 848,GREENPORT,NY 11944, USA. NR 39 TC 55 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR 10 PY 1995 VL 207 IS 2 BP 503 EP 509 DI 10.1006/viro.1995.1110 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA QN321 UT WOS:A1995QN32100018 PM 7886954 ER PT J AU VERDON, CP CAO, G PRIOR, RL AF VERDON, CP CAO, G PRIOR, RL TI NO-CENTER-DOT SYNTHESIS SPARES THE ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN RAW264.7 MACROPHAGES UNDER CONDITIONS OF SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 142 EP 142 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700854 ER PT J AU BUTTE, NF HSU, HW WONG, WW KLEIN, PD MOISE, KJ AF BUTTE, NF HSU, HW WONG, WW KLEIN, PD MOISE, KJ TI ENERGY AND SUBSTRATE UTILIZATION IN GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT & OB GYN,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 152 EP 152 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700915 ER PT J AU DELLARIPA, PF SELHUB, J NADEAU, MR ROUBENOFF, R AF DELLARIPA, PF SELHUB, J NADEAU, MR ROUBENOFF, R TI DISSOCIATION BETWEEN PLASMA PYRIDOXAL-5(3)-PO4 (PLP) AND EVIDENCE OF PLP DEFICIENCY IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA,HNRC,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 153 EP 153 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700918 ER PT J AU BECK, MA SHI, Q LEVANDER, OA AF BECK, MA SHI, Q LEVANDER, OA TI DECREASED CYTOKINE MESSENGER-RNA IN SELENIUM (SE)-DEFICIENT MICE INFECTED WITH COXSACKIEVIRUS B3 (CVB3) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 158 EP 158 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700945 ER PT J AU JAHOOR, F FORRESTER, T BOYNE, M BHATTIPROLU, S REEDS, P DELROSARIO, M FRAZER, M AF JAHOOR, F FORRESTER, T BOYNE, M BHATTIPROLU, S REEDS, P DELROSARIO, M FRAZER, M TI A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF PLASMA-PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MALNOURISHED CHILDREN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV W INDIES,TROP METAB RES CTR,KINGSTON 7,JAMAICA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 158 EP 158 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700944 ER PT J AU KURPAD, A FIELD, C JAHOOR, F WONG, W COLON, Z ALLNUT, D KLEIN, P REEDS, P AF KURPAD, A FIELD, C JAHOOR, F WONG, W COLON, Z ALLNUT, D KLEIN, P REEDS, P TI ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF UNIFORMLY [U]N-15-LABELED SPIRULINA ALGAE AS A NONINVASIVE TRACER FOR STUDIES OF HUMAN PROTEIN-METABOLISM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ST JOHNS COLL,SCH MED,BANGALORE,KARNATAKA,INDIA. INT ATOM ENERGY AGCY,VIENNA,AUSTRIA. USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 158 EP 158 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700947 ER PT J AU HAWKES, WC KEIM, NL AF HAWKES, WC KEIM, NL TI THE EFFECT OF SELENIUM (SE) ON TRIIODOTHRYRONINE (T-3) AND WEIGHT CHANGES IN HEALTHY-MEN IN A METABOLIC RESEARCH UNIT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 160 EP 160 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700957 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, KO ABRAMS, SA GAGEL, RF AF OBRIEN, KO ABRAMS, SA GAGEL, RF TI EFFECT OF AGE AND CA INTAKE ON CA ABSORPTION AND KINETICS IN 3 GENERATIONS OF WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 161 EP 161 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700965 ER PT J AU FLEET, JC BRADLEY, J REDDY, GS WOOD, RJ AF FLEET, JC BRADLEY, J REDDY, GS WOOD, RJ TI EFFECT OF A-RING DIASTEREOMERS OF 1-ALPHA,25-DIHYDROXY VITAMIN-D-3 ON CALCIUM-TRANSPORT IN CACO-2 CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. WOMEN & INFANTS HOSP RHODE ISL,PROVIDENCE,RI 02905. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 168 EP 168 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701006 ER PT J AU GAMBHIR, V REINHARDT, T GOFF, J BEITZ, D HORST, R AF GAMBHIR, V REINHARDT, T GOFF, J BEITZ, D HORST, R TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE NATURALLY-OCCURRING PRECURSOR TO 9,13-DI-CIS-RETINOIC ACID IN THE NEONATAL CALF SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 169 EP 169 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701012 ER PT J AU HORST, R GOFF, J NAPOLI, J REINHARDT, T AF HORST, R GOFF, J NAPOLI, J REINHARDT, T TI ELEVATED 9,13-DI-CIS-RETINOIC ACID DURING GESTATION AND LACTATION IN THE DAIRY-COW SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. SUNY BUFFALO,BUFFALO,NY 14214. RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 169 EP 169 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701009 ER PT J AU FOTOUHI, N MEYDANI, M SANTOS, M MEYDANI, SN HENNEKENS, CH GAZIANO, JM AF FOTOUHI, N MEYDANI, M SANTOS, M MEYDANI, SN HENNEKENS, CH GAZIANO, JM TI THE EFFECT OF LONG-TERM BETA-CAROTENE (BETA-C) SUPPLEMENTATION ON CAROTENOIDS AND TOCOPHEROL CONCENTRATION IN PLASMA, RBC, AND PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS (PBMC) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 170 EP 170 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701015 ER PT J AU KRAMER, TR BURRI, BJ NEIDLINGER, TR AF KRAMER, TR BURRI, BJ NEIDLINGER, TR TI CAROTENOID-FLAVONOID MODULATED IMMUNE-RESPONSES IN WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 170 EP 170 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701014 ER PT J AU MEYDANI, SN SANTOS, MS RIBAYAMERCADO, JD LEKA, L HAN, SN RUSSELL, RM AF MEYDANI, SN SANTOS, MS RIBAYAMERCADO, JD LEKA, L HAN, SN RUSSELL, RM TI EFFECT OF BETA-CAROTENE (BETA-C) ON THE IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF ELDERLY WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,JM,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 170 EP 170 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701017 ER PT J AU RAJARAMAN, V NONNECKE, B HORST, R AF RAJARAMAN, V NONNECKE, B HORST, R TI EFFECTS OF 9,13-DI-CIS-RETINOIC ACID ON IN-VITRO RESPONSES OF PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LEUKOCYTES FROM PHYSIOLOGICALLY DISPARATE CATTLE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 170 EP 170 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701016 ER PT J AU REINHARDT, T HORST, R AF REINHARDT, T HORST, R TI 9,13-DI-CIS-RETINOIC ACID IS A MAJOR PRODUCT OF 9-CIS-RETINOIC ACID METABOLISM IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 170 EP 170 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701013 ER PT J AU KRETSCH, MJ FONG, AKH BURRI, BI JACOB, RA AF KRETSCH, MJ FONG, AKH BURRI, BI JACOB, RA TI MENSTRUAL-CYCLE ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH LOW CAROTENOID DIETS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 171 EP 171 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701020 ER PT J AU MARTIN, KR FAILLA, ML SMITH, JC AF MARTIN, KR FAILLA, ML SMITH, JC TI BETA-CAROTENE AND LUTEIN PROTECT HEPG2 HUMAN LIVER-CELLS AGAINST TERT-BUTYLHYDROPEROXIDE INDUCED DAMAGE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,GREENSBORO,NC 27412. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 171 EP 171 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701024 ER PT J AU ABAD, L RALL, L HARRIS, TB WILSON, PWF DINARELLO, CA ROUBENOFF, R AF ABAD, L RALL, L HARRIS, TB WILSON, PWF DINARELLO, CA ROUBENOFF, R TI INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN AGING - DIVERGENCE BETWEEN AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST RESPONSES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HNRC,JMUSDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. FRAMINGHAM HEART DIS EPIDEMIOL STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. NIA,EDBP,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A182 EP A182 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701086 ER PT J AU ABRAMS, SA OBRIEN, KO ELLIS, KJ AF ABRAMS, SA OBRIEN, KO ELLIS, KJ TI LONGITUDINAL-STUDIES OF BONE MINERALIZATION AND CALCIUM KINETICS IN GIRLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A284 EP A284 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701672 ER PT J AU AGER, AL MORRIS, VC LEVANDER, OA AF AGER, AL MORRIS, VC LEVANDER, OA TI EFFECT OF DIETARY VITAMIN-E (VE) AND PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID (PABA) ON MALARIA IN MICE FED MENHADEN OIL (MO) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MIAMI,CTR TROP PARASIT DIS,MIAMI,FL 33177. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A478 EP A478 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702795 ER PT J AU ALBAUGH, GP SMITH, JC AF ALBAUGH, GP SMITH, JC TI DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY OF ALTERED GENE-EXPRESSION IN HEP G2 CELLS AFTER DTPA CHELATION AND ZINC REPLETION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A178 EP A178 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701064 ER PT J AU ALLEN, P DANFORTH, H LEVANDER, O AF ALLEN, P DANFORTH, H LEVANDER, O TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY FLAXSEED ON THE PATHOBIOLOGY OF EIMERIA-MAXINA INFECTIONS IN CHICKENS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A479 EP A479 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702797 ER PT J AU APGAR, J MAKDANI, D SOWELL, AL GUNTER, EW RAO, D SMITH, JC AF APGAR, J MAKDANI, D SOWELL, AL GUNTER, EW RAO, D SMITH, JC TI REPRODUCIBILITY OF RELATIVE DOSE-RESPONSE (RDR) TESTS AND RETINYL ESTER CONCENTRATIONS IN CHILDREN AFTER 2 WK SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ITHACA,NY 14853. LINCOLN UNIV,JEFFERSON CITY,MO 65102. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A445 EP A445 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702601 ER PT J AU BAI, Y HUNT, CD AF BAI, Y HUNT, CD TI DIETARY BORON ALLEVIATES ADJUVANT-INDUCED ARTHRITIS (AIA) IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A576 EP A576 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703364 ER PT J AU BEHALL, KM HOWE, JC AF BEHALL, KM HOWE, JC TI EFFECT OF LONG-TERM FEEDING OF HIGH AMYLOSE OR AMYLOPECTIN STARCH ON GLUCAGON-RESPONSE OF HYPERINSULINEMIC MEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,DHPL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A477 EP A477 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702788 ER PT J AU BERLIN, E BHATHENA, SJ MCCLURE, D PETERS, RC AF BERLIN, E BHATHENA, SJ MCCLURE, D PETERS, RC TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY MENHADEN AND CORN OILS ON RED-BLOOD-CELL MEMBRANE FLUIDITY IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC AND NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC MINIATURE SWINE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL RES,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A463 EP A463 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702708 ER PT J AU BERMUDEZ, O FALCON, L TUCKER, K AF BERMUDEZ, O FALCON, L TUCKER, K TI NUTRITION AND FRAILTY AMONG HISPANIC ELDERS - PRELIMINARY FINDINGS FROM THE TUFTS ELDERLY HEALTH AND NUTRITION SURVEY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Falcon, Luis/C-1237-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A281 EP A281 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701656 ER PT J AU BLANKEMEYER, JT BURNS, CF HULL, M FRIEDMAN, M AF BLANKEMEYER, JT BURNS, CF HULL, M FRIEDMAN, M TI DEMONSTRATION OF CELLULAR INTERACTION OF FOLIC-ACID WITH PLANT GLYCOALKALOIDS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,STILLWATER,OK 74078. USDA,WESTERN REG CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A456 EP A456 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702663 ER PT J AU BOOTH, SL PENNINGTON, JAT SADOWSKI, JA AF BOOTH, SL PENNINGTON, JAT SADOWSKI, JA TI PRIMARY FOOD SOURCES AND ESTIMATED DIETARY INTAKES OF DIHYDRO-PHYLLOQUINONE IN THE AMERICAN DIET SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,VITAMIN K LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A474 EP A474 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702772 ER PT J AU BURRIN, DG WESTER, TJ DAVIS, TA HEATH, JP MCAVOY, S SKOTTNER, A AF BURRIN, DG WESTER, TJ DAVIS, TA HEATH, JP MCAVOY, S SKOTTNER, A TI ORAL INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR-I (IFG-I) INCREASES SMALL-INTESTINAL GROWTH IN FORMULA-FED NEONATAL PIGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. KABIPHARM,STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A580 EP A580 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703385 ER PT J AU CAO, G PRIOR, RL AF CAO, G PRIOR, RL TI TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN DIFFERENT TISSUES OF YOUNG AND OLD RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. TUFTS UNIV,USDA ARS,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A181 EP A181 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701078 ER PT J AU CLEVIDENCE, BA JUDD, JT SCHAEFER, EJ MCNAMARA, JR MUESING, RA WITTES, J SUNKIN, ME AF CLEVIDENCE, BA JUDD, JT SCHAEFER, EJ MCNAMARA, JR MUESING, RA WITTES, J SUNKIN, ME TI PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN(A) LEVELS IN SUBJECTS CONSUMING TRANS-FATTY-ACIDS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A579 EP A579 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703377 ER PT J AU CONTOIS, JH LAMMIKEEFE, CJ TUCKER, K WILSON, PWF RUSH, D SCHAEFER, EJ AF CONTOIS, JH LAMMIKEEFE, CJ TUCKER, K WILSON, PWF RUSH, D SCHAEFER, EJ TI DIET IN RELATION TO PLASMA-LIPIDS, LIPOPROTEINS, AND APOLIPOPROTEINS IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY HEART-DISEASE (CHD) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. FRAMINGHAM HEART DIS EPIDEMIOL STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A470 EP A470 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702749 ER PT J AU DAVIDSON, KW BOOTH, SL DOLNIKOWSKI, GG SADOWSKI, JA AF DAVIDSON, KW BOOTH, SL DOLNIKOWSKI, GG SADOWSKI, JA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DIHYDRO-PHYLLOQUINONE - A HYDROGENATED FORM OF PHYLLOQUINONE IN FOODS CONTAINING PARTIALLY HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE-OILS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A474 EP A474 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702769 ER PT J AU EISEMANN, J HUNTINGTON, G NIENABER, J AF EISEMANN, J HUNTINGTON, G NIENABER, J TI RACTOPAMINE AND AGE ALTER ACETATE METABOLISM IN BEEF STEERS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,RALEIGH,NC 27695. USDA,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A192 EP A192 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701142 ER PT J AU ELLIS, KJ AF ELLIS, KJ TI POTASSIUM CONTENT OF BODY CELL MASS AND FAT-FREE MASS IN BOYS AGES 4-18 YEARS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A553 EP A553 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703228 ER PT J AU FINLEY, J VANDERPOOL, R KORYNTA, E AF FINLEY, J VANDERPOOL, R KORYNTA, E TI THE USE OF STABLE ISOTOPES OF SELENIUM IN STUDIES OF SELENIUM DEPRIVATION OF HEALTHY-MEN AND WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A286 EP A286 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701682 ER PT J AU FIOROTTO, ML DAVIS, TA CZERWINSKI, SM REEDS, PJ BURRIN, DG AF FIOROTTO, ML DAVIS, TA CZERWINSKI, SM REEDS, PJ BURRIN, DG TI COLOSTRUM STIMULATES MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS IN NEWBORN PIGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. USDA ARS,GROWTH BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A580 EP A580 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703386 ER PT J AU FRICKE, PM FORD, JJ REYNOLDS, LP REDMER, DA AF FRICKE, PM FORD, JJ REYNOLDS, LP REDMER, DA TI OVARIAN GRANULOSA (G) AND THECAL (T) CELL LABELING INDEX (LI) DURING THE FOLLICULAR PHASE OF THE PORCINE ESTROUS-CYCLE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,FARGO,ND 58105. USDA ARS,US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A80 EP A80 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700470 ER PT J AU GRINKER, JA TUCKER, K DALLAL, GE VOKONAS, P RUSH, D AF GRINKER, JA TUCKER, K DALLAL, GE VOKONAS, P RUSH, D TI WEIGHT STABILITY AND BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES AMONG OBESE AND LEAN BOSTON MALES IN ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD - THE VA NORMATIVE AGING STUDY (NAS) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH PUBL HLTH,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A280 EP A280 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701648 ER PT J AU HOLT, P AF HOLT, P TI PASTING ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AND HORIZONTAL TRANSMISSION OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS IN ADULT CHICKENS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,ATHENS,GA 30605. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A479 EP A479 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702800 ER PT J AU HOUSE, W VANCAMPEN, D WELCH, R AF HOUSE, W VANCAMPEN, D WELCH, R TI ZINC-ABSORPTION BY RATS FED VARYING AMOUNTS OF METHIONINE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A451 EP A451 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702639 ER PT J AU HOWE, J BEHALL, K AF HOWE, J BEHALL, K TI INFLUENCE OF HORMONES ON RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE (REE) IN HYPERINSULINEMIC MEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A462 EP A462 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702698 ER PT J AU HUNT, CD HERBEL, JL AF HUNT, CD HERBEL, JL TI DIETARY BORON AND VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCIES AFFECT HEPATIC GLYCOLYTIC METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE CHICK SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A576 EP A576 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703362 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, HL BARBIERI, TF MAYCLIN, P DIXON, MA AF JOHNSON, HL BARBIERI, TF MAYCLIN, P DIXON, MA TI BODY-COMPOSITION CHANGES AFTER 15 WEEKS ON 50-PERCENT CALORIE-RESTRICTED 47-PERCENT (NORMAL) OR 65-PERCENT (HICHO) CARBOHYDRATE DIETS WITH OR WITHOUT DAILY WALKS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A191 EP A191 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701135 ER PT J AU JONES, PJH LICHTENSTEIN, AH CUCHEL, M SCHAEFER, EJ AF JONES, PJH LICHTENSTEIN, AH CUCHEL, M SCHAEFER, EJ TI LOVASTATIN DEPRESSES HUMAN CHOLESTEROL-SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTION-RATES IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC INDIVIDUALS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ H9X 3V9,CANADA. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A574 EP A574 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703354 ER PT J AU KLEVAY, LM AF KLEVAY, LM TI COPPER AS A SUPPLEMENT TO IRON FOR HEMOGLOBIN BUILDING IN THE RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A436 EP A436 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702554 ER PT J AU LARSEN, EG SMITH, D SCHAEFER, EJ ORDOVAS, JM AF LARSEN, EG SMITH, D SCHAEFER, EJ ORDOVAS, JM TI VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION DOES NOT PREVENT DIET-INDUCED AORTIC FOAM CELL-FORMATION IN MALE GOLDEN SYRIAN-HAMSTERS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A578 EP A578 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703374 ER PT J AU LICHTENSTEIN, AH SCHAEFER, EJ AF LICHTENSTEIN, AH SCHAEFER, EJ TI RESPONSE TO DIETARY MODIFICATION IS SIMILAR IN NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A575 EP A575 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703357 ER PT J AU MEACHAM, SL HUNT, CD AF MEACHAM, SL HUNT, CD TI BORON CONTENT OF COMMON AMERICAN FOODS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WINTHROP COLL,DEPT NUTR,ROCK HILL,SC 29733. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A576 EP A576 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703363 ER PT J AU MELANSON, KJ SALTMAN, E RUSSELL, R ROBERTS, SB AF MELANSON, KJ SALTMAN, E RUSSELL, R ROBERTS, SB TI EFFECT OF AGE ON POSTPRANDIAL ENERGY-EXPENDITURE IN WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A438 EP A438 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702566 ER PT J AU MENDOZA, I STRUTJEN, A SIEDENBURG, A VALDEZ, C MAZARIEGOS, M SOLOMONS, NW CARRASCO, W SCHAEFER, E SCHAEFER, M AF MENDOZA, I STRUTJEN, A SIEDENBURG, A VALDEZ, C MAZARIEGOS, M SOLOMONS, NW CARRASCO, W SCHAEFER, E SCHAEFER, M TI CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR IN COMMUNITIES OF GUATEMALA - COMPARISON WITH FRAMINGHAM MA RESIDENTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CESSIAM,GUATEMALA CITY 01011,GUATEMALA. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A178 EP A178 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701060 ER PT J AU MILLER, JW JOSEPH, JA SELHUB, J AF MILLER, JW JOSEPH, JA SELHUB, J TI THE PROOXIDANT NATURE OF THE CATECHOLAMINES L-DOPA AND DOPAMINE IS NEGATED BY O-METHYLATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A125 EP A125 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98700733 ER PT J AU MILNE, DB NIELSEN, FH AF MILNE, DB NIELSEN, FH TI CHANGES IN SOME INDICATORS OF MAGNESIUM STATUS INDUCED BY LOW DIETARY MAGNESIUM INTAKE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A452 EP A452 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702643 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, AD SONG, HF YANG, ZC WANG, PC AF MITCHELL, AD SONG, HF YANG, ZC WANG, PC TI IN-VIVO MEASUREMENT OF ETHIONINE INDUCED HEPATIC ATP DEPLETION IN RATS BY P-31-NMR SPECTROSCOPY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. HOWARD UNIV HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A192 EP A192 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701143 ER PT J AU MORRIS, ER HILL, AD AF MORRIS, ER HILL, AD TI INOSITOL PHOSPHATE PROFILE OF COOKED BEANS, PEAS AND LENTILS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A451 EP A451 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702637 ER PT J AU MORRIS, VC ALLEN, PC DANFORTH, HD LEVANDER, OA AF MORRIS, VC ALLEN, PC DANFORTH, HD LEVANDER, OA TI EFFECT OF DIETARY MENHADEN OIL (MO) ON PLASMA ANTIOXIDANTS IN CHICKENS INFECTED WITH EIMERIA-TENELLA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A478 EP A478 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702792 ER PT J AU NIELSEN, FH MILNE, DB AF NIELSEN, FH MILNE, DB TI DIETARY MAGNESIUM (MG) DEPRIVATION, WHICH CAN AND INFLUENCED BY COPPER (CU) STATUS, AFFECTS CALCIUM (CA), PHOSPHORUS (P) AND CHOLESTEROL-METABOLISM IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A452 EP A452 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702645 ER PT J AU NOVOTNY, JA DUEKER, SR ZECH, LA CLIFFORD, AJ AF NOVOTNY, JA DUEKER, SR ZECH, LA CLIFFORD, AJ TI THE KINETICS OF BETA-CAROTENE METABOLISM IN HUMANS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A443 EP A443 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702590 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, ME SOKOLL, LJ TUCKER, K DAWSONHUGHES, B SADOWSKI, JA AF OBRIEN, ME SOKOLL, LJ TUCKER, K DAWSONHUGHES, B SADOWSKI, JA TI ASSESSMENT OF DIETARY PHYLLOQUINONE UPTAKE AND VITAMIN-K STATUS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A474 EP A474 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702770 ER PT J AU PENLAND, JG NIELSEN, FH AF PENLAND, JG NIELSEN, FH TI SUPPLEMENTAL BORON AFFECTS SOMATIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN HEALTHY PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A585 EP A585 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703414 ER PT J AU PHILLIPPY, B AF PHILLIPPY, B TI CLONING FUNGAL PHYTASE FOR PROKARYOTIC EXPRESSION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A451 EP A451 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702636 ER PT J AU POELLOT, RA UTHUS, EO NIELSEN, FH AF POELLOT, RA UTHUS, EO NIELSEN, FH TI EXERCISE AND HIGH DIETARY SUCROSE MODIFIES THE RESPONSE OF RATS TO NICKEL (NI) DEPRIVATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A448 EP A448 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702620 ER PT J AU RONG, N AUSMAN, L STUCCHI, A VESPA, D NICOLOSI, R AF RONG, N AUSMAN, L STUCCHI, A VESPA, D NICOLOSI, R TI PLASMA-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND WHOLE-BODY CHOLESTEROL-METABOLISM IN CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS FED DIETS MODIFIED WITH CHOLESTEROL AND SATURATED FAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MASS LOWELL,LOWELL,MA 01854. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A194 EP A194 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701158 ER PT J AU ROSEBROUGH, RW MCMURTRY, JP AF ROSEBROUGH, RW MCMURTRY, JP TI FURTHER-STUDIES ON CARRY-OVER EFFECTS OF DIETARY CRUDE PROTEIN AND TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) IN BROILER-CHICKENS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A467 EP A467 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702727 ER PT J AU RUMPLER, W RHODES, D BAER, D SEALE, J CONWAY, J AF RUMPLER, W RHODES, D BAER, D SEALE, J CONWAY, J TI ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION AND DIETARY-FAT LEVEL EFFECTS ON ENERGY-EXPENDITURE IN HUMANS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A439 EP A439 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702571 ER PT J AU SANDSTEAD, H ALCOCK, N ROCCO, C PLOTKIN, R SMITH, J AF SANDSTEAD, H ALCOCK, N ROCCO, C PLOTKIN, R SMITH, J TI STATURE, FERRITIN, ZINC AND RETINOL IN MEXICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77555. USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A481 EP A481 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702812 ER PT J AU SANTOS, MS MEYDANI, SN LEKA, L WU, D FOTOUHI, N MEYDANI, M HENNEKENS, CH GAZIANO, JM AF SANTOS, MS MEYDANI, SN LEKA, L WU, D FOTOUHI, N MEYDANI, M HENNEKENS, CH GAZIANO, JM TI ELDERLY MALE NATURAL-KILLER-CELL ACTIVITY (NKACT) IS ENHANCED BY BETA-CAROTENE SUPPLEMENTATION (BETA-CSUPP) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02215. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02215. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A441 EP A441 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702581 ER PT J AU SEABORN, CD NIELSEN, FH AF SEABORN, CD NIELSEN, FH TI FURTHER-STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF SILICON ON COLLAGEN-METABOLISM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MENOMONIE,WI 54751. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A448 EP A448 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702617 ER PT J AU SELHUB, J MILLER, JW BARLOWWALDEN, LR REITER, RJ JOSEPH, JA AF SELHUB, J MILLER, JW BARLOWWALDEN, LR REITER, RJ JOSEPH, JA TI MELATONIN SYNTHESIS IS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN RATS TREATED WITH L-DOPA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A378 EP A378 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702211 ER PT J AU SHAHBAZIAN, LM PITTS, RM BECKER, BA MISFELDT, ML FRITSCHE, KL AF SHAHBAZIAN, LM PITTS, RM BECKER, BA MISFELDT, ML FRITSCHE, KL TI HEAT-STRESS REDUCES THE EXPRESSION OF MHC CLASS-II SURFACE-ANTIGENS ON PORCINE ALVEOLAR ON PORCINE ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. USDA ARS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A256 EP A256 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701508 ER PT J AU SMITH, D ABAD, L ROUBENOFF, R AF SMITH, D ABAD, L ROUBENOFF, R TI AN ANIMAL-MODEL OF INFLAMMATORY CACHEXIA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A477 EP A477 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702789 ER PT J AU SOLOMON, MB PURSEL, VG PAROCZAY, EW EASTRIDGE, JS AF SOLOMON, MB PURSEL, VG PAROCZAY, EW EASTRIDGE, JS TI LIPID-COMPOSITION OF WHOLE-CARCASS, MUSCLE, AND SUBCUTANEOUS FAT FROM TRANSGENIC PIGS EXPRESSING AN OVINE GROWTH-HORMONE GENE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A540 EP A540 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703152 ER PT J AU STALLARD, L REEVES, PG AF STALLARD, L REEVES, PG TI ACTIVITY OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) IN TESTICULAR GERM-CELLS AND SPERM OF ZN-DEFICIENT ADULT-RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A180 EP A180 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701072 ER PT J AU STRIFFLER, JS POLANSKY, MM MICHAELIS, OE ANDERSON, RA AF STRIFFLER, JS POLANSKY, MM MICHAELIS, OE ANDERSON, RA TI EXPRESSION OF CHROMIUM-DEFICIENCY IN RATS MAY BE RELATED TO DIETARY-FAT CONTENT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A449 EP A449 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702625 ER PT J AU TANG, G SERFATY, C RESSELL, M AF TANG, G SERFATY, C RESSELL, M TI EFFECTS OF GASTRIC-ACIDITY ON INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION OF BETA-CAROTENE IN HUMANS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A442 EP A442 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702588 ER PT J AU TUCKER, K MAHNKEN, B JACQUES, P SELHUB, J AF TUCKER, K MAHNKEN, B JACQUES, P SELHUB, J TI FOOD FOLATE FORTIFICATION - RISKS AND BENEFITS TO THE ELDERLY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A578 EP A578 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703376 ER PT J AU UTHUS, EO POELLOT, RA AF UTHUS, EO POELLOT, RA TI DIETARY NICKEL (NI) AND FOLIC-ACID (FA) INTERACT TO AFFECT FOLATE AND METHIONINE METABOLISM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A448 EP A448 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702618 ER PT J AU WANG, E RILEY, RT MERRILL, AH AF WANG, E RILEY, RT MERRILL, AH TI ANALYSES OF URINARY LONG-CHAIN (SPHINGOID) BASES AS BIOMARKERS FOR CONSUMPTION OF FUMONISINS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30322. USDA ARS,TOXICOL & MYCOTOXINS RES UNIT,ATHENS,GA 30613. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A456 EP A456 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702668 ER PT J AU WANG, H CAO, G PRIOR, RL AF WANG, H CAO, G PRIOR, RL TI DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED OXYGEN RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN FRUITS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. TUFTS UNIV,USDA ARS,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A453 EP A453 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702651 ER PT J AU WOOD, R ZHENG, J AF WOOD, R ZHENG, J TI CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION REDUCES INTESTINAL ZINC-ABSORPTION AND BALANCE IN HUMANS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A283 EP A283 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98701664 ER PT J AU WRAYCAHEN, D NGUYEN, H ALLNUTT, D DAVIS, TA AF WRAYCAHEN, D NGUYEN, H ALLNUTT, D DAVIS, TA TI GLUCOSE (GLC) AND AMINO-ACID (AA) RESPONSES TO INCREASING INSULIN (INS) CONCENTRATIONS DECREASE WITH AGE IN SUCKLING PIGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A580 EP A580 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703384 ER PT J AU YAO, LL BURRI, BJ FURR, HC AF YAO, LL BURRI, BJ FURR, HC TI CAROTENOID DISTRIBUTION AMONG HUMAN PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS DURING DIETARY DEPLETION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,STORRS,CT. USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A458 EP A458 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702679 ER PT J AU YEUM, KJ LEEKIM, YC YOON, S LEE, KY PARK, IS LEE, KS KIM, BS TANG, G KRINSKY, NI RUSSELL, RM AF YEUM, KJ LEEKIM, YC YOON, S LEE, KY PARK, IS LEE, KS KIM, BS TANG, G KRINSKY, NI RUSSELL, RM TI OXIDATION OF BETA-CAROTENE INHIBITED BY A SPECIFIC LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITOR SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. YONSEI UNIV,SEOUL 120749,SOUTH KOREA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A443 EP A443 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98702593 ER PT J AU YU, ZK WRIGHT, JT HAUSMAN, GJ AF YU, ZK WRIGHT, JT HAUSMAN, GJ TI EVIDENCE OF MULTIPLE STAGES OF PREADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION IN PRIMARY PORCINE STROMAL-VASCULAR CULTURES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 9 PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP A549 EP A549 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA QL987 UT WOS:A1995QL98703201 ER PT J AU JOSEPH, JA VILLALOBOSMOLINA, R YAMAGAMI, K ROTH, GS KELLY, J AF JOSEPH, JA VILLALOBOSMOLINA, R YAMAGAMI, K ROTH, GS KELLY, J TI AGE-SPECIFIC ALTERATIONS IN MUSCARINIC STIMULATION OF K+-EVOKED DOPAMINE RELEASE FROM STRIATAL SLICES BY CHOLESTEROL AND S-ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AGING; DOPAMINE; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR; S-ADENOSYL-METHIONINE; CHOLESTEROL; STRIATUM ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE ACTIVITY; POSTMORTEM HUMAN-BRAIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; MEMBRANE FLUIDITY; G-PROTEINS; ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RECEPTOR-BINDING; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB The present experiments were carried out in order to test the hypothesis that age-related signal transduction (ST) deficits may occur as a result of structural changes in the membrane that are reflected partially as increased membrane microviscosity. Oxotremorine (oxo) enhancement of K+-evoked release of dopamine (K+-ERDA) was examined in superfused striatal slices from mature (6 months) and old (24 months) Wistar rats incubated (1 or 4 h, 37 degrees C) with graded concentrations of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) or cholesterol hemisuccinate (CHO) in a modified Krebs medium. Tissue was then assessed for one of the following: (a) the degree of ore-enhanced K+-ERDA, (b) carbachol stimulated low K-m GTPase activity, or (c) alterations in membrane microviscosity. In other experiments the tissue was incubated in CHO followed by SAM (or the reverse), and ore-enhanced K+-ERDA examined. Results indicated that SAM treatment increased all the parameters in the striatal tissue from old animals, while CHO had selective, opposite effects in the striatal tissue obtained from young animals. CHO-SAM, or the reverse, produced the same pattern of results. These results suggest that ST deficits may involve age-related structural alterations in membranes that interfere with receptor-G protein coupling/uncoupling. C1 YOSHITOMI PHARMACEUT IND LTD,IRUMA,SAITAMA 358,JAPAN. NIA,GERONTOL RES CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. RP JOSEPH, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. RI Yamagami, Keiji/E-9500-2012 NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAR 6 PY 1995 VL 673 IS 2 BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(94)01311-5 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA QK714 UT WOS:A1995QK71400002 PM 7606431 ER PT J AU SHIER, WT ABBAS, HK BADRIA, FA AF SHIER, WT ABBAS, HK BADRIA, FA TI COMPLETE STRUCTURES OF THE SPHINGOSINE ANALOG MYCOTOXINS FUMONISIN B-1 AND AAL TOXIN T-A - ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATION OF THE SIDE-CHAINS SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article ID F SP-LYCOPERSICI; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; CONVENIENT PROCEDURE; PHYTOTOXINS; ALCOHOLS AB Fumonisin B-1 and AAL toxin T-A are sphingosine-analog mycotoxins characterized by propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid side chains esterified to alkylamine backbones. The absolute configuration of all stereogenic centers in the backbones is known. Using chiral gas chromatography methodology we have determined the absolute configuration at C-3' in the side chains to be S, thereby completing structure determination of both toxins. C1 USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. RP SHIER, WT (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MED CHEM,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 24 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD MAR 6 PY 1995 VL 36 IS 10 BP 1571 EP 1574 DI 10.1016/0040-4039(95)00090-Y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA QL654 UT WOS:A1995QL65400003 ER PT J AU ORTIZ, DF RUSCITTI, T MCCUE, KF OW, DW AF ORTIZ, DF RUSCITTI, T MCCUE, KF OW, DW TI TRANSPORT OF METAL-BINDING PEPTIDES BY HMT1, A FISSION YEAST ABC-TYPE VACUOLAR MEMBRANE-PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CADMIUM-SULFIDE CRYSTALLITES; SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES-POMBE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; P-GLYCOPROTEINS; IN-VITRO; GLUTATHIONE; VESICLES; PHYTOCHELATINS; ATP AB The Schizosaccharomyces pombe hmt1 gene encodes an ABC (ATP-binding cassette)-type protein essential for Cd2+ tolerance. Immunoblot analysis of subcellular fractions indicates that the native HMT1 polypeptide is associated with the vacuolar membrane, Vacuolar membrane vesicles were purified from strains that hyperproduce, or are deficient in, the HMT1 protein, In vitro transport of radiolabeled substrates by these vesicles indicates that HMT1 is an ATP-dependent transporter of phytochelatins, the metal-chelating peptides involved in heavy metal tolerance of plants and certain fungi, Vacuolar vesicles containing HMT1 are capable of taking up both apo-phytochelatins and phytochelatin-Cd2+ complexes, HMT1 activity is sensitive to antibodies directed against this protein and to vanadate, but not to inhibitors affecting the vacuolar proton ATPase or ionophores that abolish the pH gradient across the vacuolar membrane. Vacuolar uptake of Cd2+ and of a glutathione conjugate were also observed, but are not attributable to HMT1. These studies highlight the importance of the yeast vacuole in detoxification of xenobiotics. C1 USDA ARS, CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS, ALBANY, CA 94710 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PLANT BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 NR 51 TC 293 Z9 314 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 3 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 9 BP 4721 EP 4728 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA QK084 UT WOS:A1995QK08400079 PM 7876244 ER PT J AU EFFLAND, ABW AF EFFLAND, ABW TI NEW RICHES FROM THE SOIL - THE CHEMURGIC IDEAS OF MCMILLEN,WHEELER SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article RP EFFLAND, ABW (reprint author), USDA,ECON RES SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0002-1482 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD SPR PY 1995 VL 69 IS 2 BP 288 EP 297 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA RF056 UT WOS:A1995RF05600010 ER PT J AU EGHBALL, B POWER, JF AF EGHBALL, B POWER, JF TI FRACTAL DESCRIPTION OF TEMPORAL YIELD VARIABILITY OF 10 CROPS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL AB Fractal analysis has been used to characterize both temporal and spatial variability in plant and soil parameters. A plant parameter of prime concern is crop yield. Consequently, the temporal variability of 10 crops commonly grown in the USA was described using fractal analysis. Average yields of nine grain crops along with fiber yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) from 1930 to 1990 in the USA were used for semivariogram and fractal analyses. Semivariance was calculated for each crop for different year intervals (h). The slope of the regression line of log semivariance vs. log h for each crop was used to calculate fractal dimension [D = (4 - slope)/2], which is an indication of the pattern of yield variability. A small D-value (near 1) indicates the dominance of long-term variation, while a large D-value (near 2) indicates dominance of short-term variation and nondominance or lack of longterm variation or trend. From 1930 to 1990, yield of all crops increased, ranging from about twofold in soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.], oat (Avena sativa L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to about sixfold in maize (Zea mays L.). Crop improvement through plant breeding and the use of fertilizers and pesticides are presumably the main reasons for increased yield. Large yield differences were observed after 1960 for most of the crops studied, suggesting that risk resulting from year-to-year yield differences increased with improved yields. Fractal dimensions ranged from 1.20 to 1.47 for the crops studied, identifying longterm trend as well as short-term variation in yield of these crops. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) had the smallest D-value, indicating that this crop had the least short-term variation, while oat and soybean had the largest D, indicating greatest short-term variation. Temporal variability in average crop yield in the USA was much smaller than typical spatial variability values reported by others for soil parameters. It appears that fractal analysis is useful in quantifying temporal variability in yield of various crops and can be applied to agronomic research to characterize temporal variations. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP EGHBALL, B (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 152 EP 156 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000003 ER PT J AU DAUGHTRY, CST MCMURTREY, JE CHAPPELLE, EW DULANEY, WP IRONS, JR SATTERWHITE, MB AF DAUGHTRY, CST MCMURTREY, JE CHAPPELLE, EW DULANEY, WP IRONS, JR SATTERWHITE, MB TI POTENTIAL FOR DISCRIMINATING CROP RESIDUES FROM SOIL BY REFLECTANCE AND FLUORESCENCE SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COVER AB Crop residues left in the field after harvest can be important in controlling soil erosion. Current methods for quantifying percent crop residue cover are tedious and somewhat subjective. There is a need for new methods to quantify residue cover that are rapid, accurate, and objective. We evaluated reflectance and fluorescence techniques for discriminating crop residues from a wide range of soils. Reflectance and fluorescence spectra of 37 agricultural soils (wet and dry) and of recently harvested and weathered corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Mere], sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residues were measured in the lab. Reflectance factors in the visible or near-infrared wavelengths did not uniquely distinguish all soils from all crop residues. Crop residues may be brighter or darker than a given soil, depending on soil moisture and residue age. When illuminated with ultraviolet radiation, however, the crop residues fluoresced more than most of the soils. Fluorescence of crop residues was a broad-band phenomenon centered between 420 to 520 nm and induced by a relatively broad range of excitation wavelengths centered between 350 to 400 nm. More than 90% of the crop residues <2 yr old could be discriminated from 33 of 37 dry soils and 36 of 37 wet soils using fluorescence. The threshold for discrimination can be optimized for classification accuracy for each soil. Fluorescence techniques are less ambiguous than reflectance methods and are better suited for discriminating crop residues on soils. Furthermore, if properly implemented, fluorescence techniques can be used to quantify crop residue cover in the field. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT GEOG,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USA,ENGINEER TOPOG LABS,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. RP DAUGHTRY, CST (reprint author), USDA ARS,REMOTE SENSING RES LAB,BLDG 007 BARC W,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. RI Irons, James/D-8535-2012 NR 18 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 165 EP 171 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000005 ER PT J AU GOENAGA, R IRIZARRY, H AF GOENAGA, R IRIZARRY, H TI YIELD PERFORMANCE OF BANANA IRRIGATED WITH FRACTIONS OF CLASS-A PAN EVAPORATION IN A SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SUBTROPICS AB There is a scarcity of information regarding the optimum water requirement for banana (Musa acuminata Colla, AAA group) grown under semiarid conditions with drip irrigation in the tropics. A 3-yr study was conducted on a fine-loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic Cumulic Haplustoll to determine water requirement, yield, and fruit-quality traits of the plant crop (PC) and two ratoon crops (R1 and R2) of 'Grande Naine' banana subjected to five levels of irrigation. The irrigation treatments were based on Class A pan factors that ranged from 0.25 to 1.25 in increments of 0.25. Drip irrigation was supplied three times a week on alternate days. Results showed significant (P less than or equal to 0.01) irrigation treatment and crop effects for all yield components, fruit length and diameter, days to flower, and days from flowering to harvest. Highest marketable yield (86.3 Mg ha(-1)) was obtained from the R2 crop with water application according to a pan factor of 1.25. Plant crop and R1 plants irrigated using the same pan factor yielded 45.3 and 70.3 Mg ha(-1), respectively. Increasing the pan factor from 0.25 to 1.25 resulted in weight gains of the third-upper hand of 70% in PC, 90% in R1, and 122% in R2. Irrigation according to increasing pan factors resulted in significant increases on the number of hands per bunch and the length and diameter of fruits in the third-upper and last hands in the bunch. It was concluded from this investigation that, to attain high yields, banana grown under semiarid conditions should be irrigated with a pan factor of not less than 1.0. RP GOENAGA, R (reprint author), USDA ARS,TROP AGR RES STN,POB 70,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00681, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000006 ER PT J AU KINIRY, JR KNIEVEL, DP AF KINIRY, JR KNIEVEL, DP TI RESPONSE OF MAIZE SEED NUMBER TO SOLAR-RADIATION INTERCEPTED SOON AFTER ANTHESIS SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; PLANT-DENSITY; KERNEL NUMBER; SHADE; YIELD; EFFICIENCY; CORN AB A versatile method for predicting maize (Zea mays L.) seeds per plant would be valuable for simulating maize yield with different population densities. The objective of this work was to characterize the form of the response of seeds per plant to intercepted photosynthetically active radiation per plant in the 10 d following silking and to test the generality of the response function across several hybrids at different locations. Data from the literature and results with 2 yr of field experiments at Temple, TX, on Houston Black clay (fine montmorillonitic, thermic Udic Haplusterts) and 1 yr in central Pennsylvania on Hagerstown silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) were used to evaluate this seed number response. The data support a linear response function, with values being on a plateau when the potential number of seeds of a hybrid has been reached. A single regression equation was adequate for 10 hybrids at Temple and/or in central Pennsylvania. Several other hybrids at these or other locations showed significantly different responses. Prediction functions for other hybrids can be derived with similar linear models, with a plateau defined by the potential seeds per plant produced at low planting densities. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. RP KINIRY, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS,808 E BLACKLAND RD,TEMPLE,TX 76502, USA. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 228 EP 234 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000015 ER PT J AU DURAR, AA STEINER, JL EVETT, SR SKIDMORE, EL AF DURAR, AA STEINER, JL EVETT, SR SKIDMORE, EL TI MEASURED AND SIMULATED SURFACE SOIL DRYING SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MODEL PERFORMANCE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; MOISTURE; EROSION AB The USDA initiated the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) to develop improved technology for predicting wind erosion. A HYDROLOGY submodel has been developed for WEPS to simulate the soil energy and water balances. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the HYDROLOGY submodel in predicting surface soil drying. Water content was measured gravimetrically in a bare 5- by 30-m plot for 14 d after irrigation during July and August 1991. The plot was located 5 m directly north of a bare weighing lysimeter at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory at Bushland, TX. Hourly samples were taken from depth increments of 0 to 2, 2 to 6, 6 to 10, 10 to 34 and 30 to 50 mm. Furthermore, soil cores were taken to 900 mm at 6-h intervals. Water content was also measured daily at the lysimeter and between the lysimeter and gravimetric sampling plot using a neutron probe to 2.1 m. The submodel accurately predicted that no deep percolation occurred throughout the simulation period. Simulation results agreed well with the measured daily evaporation rates from the lysimeter (r(2) = 0.96). Furthermore, the submodel reasonably estimated the soil water content profiles, particularly the status of soil water at the soil-atmosphere interface. The mean absolute error, which describes the average absolute deviation between measured and simulated soil water contents, was 0.015 m(3) m(-3). The HYDROLOGY submodel of WEPS shows a potential to accurately simulate soil water dynamics, as needed for wind erosion modeling. The submodel successfully predicts the changes in water content at the soil surface, which relate to the susceptibility of the soil to wind erosion. C1 USDA ARS,SO PIEDMONT CONSERVAT RES CTR,WATKINSVILLE,GA 30677. USDA ARS,CONSERVAT & PROD RES LAB,BUSHLAND,TX 79012. RP DURAR, AA (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,USDA ARS,WIND EROS RES UNIT,THROCKMORTON HALL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. NR 40 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 235 EP 244 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000016 ER PT J AU FAIRBROTHER, TE ROWE, DE AF FAIRBROTHER, TE ROWE, DE TI TEMPERATURE AND SOIL-WATER EFFECTS ON DORMANCY AND MORTALITY OF SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER SEED SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BERMUDAGRASS; FORAGE AB Germination tests were conducted to investigate possible causes for a reestablishment failure of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). 'Mount Barker' subterranean clover seeds were germinated on blotters and on the soil surface or at 1 cm depth in nonfumigated and fumigated soil at four constant temperatures for 14 d, followed by constant 15 degrees C for 8 d. Fumigation had no effect on germination. Germination on blotters was reduced to <11.1% at 25 and 30 degrees C, compared with 94.5% at 15 degrees C. Emergence of seedlings was reduced to 37.9% at 30 degrees C, compared with 92.5% at 15 degrees C. Emergence of seedlings at 30 degrees C from soil was greater after 14 d than germination on blotters. In a second experiment, seeds buried 1 cm were germinated at soil water levels ranging from 0.0 to 0.816 kg kg(-1). Temperatures were 15 or 30 degrees C for 7 d, then 15 degrees C for 7 d more. Seeds failed to germinate at either temperature in dry or saturated soil. Emergence after 7 d was reduced at 30 degrees C compared with 15 degrees C at soil moisture levels from 0.204 to 0.544 kg kg(-1). After 7 more d at 15 degrees C, emergence was similar between temperatures at soil moisture levels from 0.0 to 0.544 kg kg(-1). Under saturated soil conditions, 28.5 and 80.8% of the seed rotted at 15 and 30 degrees C, respectively. Our results suggest that subterranean clover seeds can survive in pasture soil for 14 d in an embryo dormant condition during the summer, unless the soil is saturated, in which case soft seeds tend to decay. RP FAIRBROTHER, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROP SCI RES LAB,FORAGE RES UNIT,POB 5367,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 252 EP 257 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000018 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, FS MOZINGO, RW AF WRIGHT, FS MOZINGO, RW TI DEVICE FOR PRECISION PEANUT SEED PLACEMENT SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Note AB An important agronomic factor affecting peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plant growth, pod yield, and seed grade is seed placement. A tractor-mounted device was designed and constructed to aid in performing field experiments to accurately evaluate seed placement on plant growth and yield. Peanut seed were spaced in three alternative diamond-shaped configurations. Although some hand labor was required, seed placement was precise because the human element of spacing seed in the soil was eliminated. The amount of labor required for precise seed placement was less tedious and labor productivity was doubled. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,CTR TIDEWATER AGR RES & EXT,SUFFOLK,VA 23437. RP WRIGHT, FS (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL PEANUT RES LAB,1011 FORRESTER DR SE,DAWSON,GA 31742, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 87 IS 2 BP 279 EP 280 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QX030 UT WOS:A1995QX03000025 ER PT J AU BASKIN, CC MEYER, SE BASKIN, JM AF BASKIN, CC MEYER, SE BASKIN, JM TI 2 TYPES OF MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DORMANCY IN SEEDS OF 2 GENERA (OSMORHIZA AND ERYTHRONIUM) WITH AN ARCTO-TERTIARY DISTRIBUTION PATTERN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID GERMINATION ECOPHYSIOLOGY; APIACEAE; HERB AB Temperature requirements for embryo growth and germination were determined for seeds of Osmorhiza occidentalis, O. chilensis, and Erythronium grandiflorum collected in western North America (Utah). Initially, embryos were 1.2, 0.6, and 0.8 mm in length, respectively, and they grew to 9.4, 9.2, and 4.1 mm, respectively, before germination occurred. Embryo growth and germination occurred during cold stratification (1, 5, 5/1 C), without a warm stratification pretreatment. However, warm stratification pretreatments at 30/15 C increased rates of embryo growth in O. occidentalis and E. grandiflorum seeds moved to low temperatures and germination rates in all three species. Optimum germination temperatures were 1, 5, or 5/1 C; gibberellic acid did not substitute for cold stratification. Thus, seeds of the three species have deep complex morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). In comparison, two species each of Osmorhiza and Elythronium from eastern North America have nondeep complex MPD and require warm followed by cold stratification for germination. Thus, disjunct species in genera with an Arcto-Tertiary distribution pattern can have different types of MPD. It is suggested that deep complex may have been derived from nondeep complex MPD. C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,SHRUB SCI LAB,PROVO,UT 84606. RP BASKIN, CC (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY,SCH BIOL SCI,LEXINGTON,KY 40506, USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 82 IS 3 BP 293 EP 298 DI 10.2307/2445574 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QM775 UT WOS:A1995QM77500001 ER PT J AU MEYER, SE KITCHEN, SG CARLSON, SL AF MEYER, SE KITCHEN, SG CARLSON, SL TI SEED-GERMINATION TIMING PATTERNS IN INTERMOUNTAIN PENSTEMON (SCROPHULARIACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Seed Fates - Importance for Structuring Plant Populations and Communities, at the Botanical-Society-of-America Meeting CY AUG, 1992 CL HONOLULU, HI SP BOTAN SOC AMER ID HABITAT-CORRELATED VARIATION; DORMANCY; TEMPERATURE; PALMERI AB Regulation of seed germination timing is an important component of population persistence, especially for short-lived plants in seasonal environments with unpredictable year-to-year weather variation. Seed germination patterns were examined in the laboratory for seeds from 135 populations belonging to 38 species and 13 sections of the genus Penstemon (Scrophulariaceae), from habitats ranging from warm desert to alpine tundra. Seeds of most species were dormant at dispersal and required a period of moist chilling to become germinable. Response to chilling was related to probable chilling duration at the collection site. Populations from habitats with severe winters produced seeds with long chilling requirements, while those from habitats with mild winters produced seeds with short chilling requirements. Populations from midelevation habitats produced seeds with intermediate chilling requirements but with a sizeable fraction whose dormancy was not broken by chilling of any length. Another pattern observed mostly in warm desert populations was little primary dormancy at autumn temperatures combined with induction of a fraction into secondary dormancy by short chilling. Species with a wide habitat range included populations with contrasting germination patterns. Parallel habitat-correlated patterns were observed in different sections. Most species showed germination patterns that combined predictive mechanisms with potential for carryover of a persistent seed bank. Results of common garden experiments suggested that germination differences had a strong genetic basis both among populations and among plants in a population. Adaptive radiation in the genus Penstemon has thus included the evolution of habitat-specific germination timing strategies in multiple lineages within the genus. RP MEYER, SE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,SHRUB SCI LAB,735 N 500 E,PROVO,UT 84606, USA. NR 29 TC 60 Z9 70 U1 6 U2 21 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 82 IS 3 BP 377 EP 389 DI 10.2307/2445584 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QM775 UT WOS:A1995QM77500011 ER PT J AU CHAMBERS, JC AF CHAMBERS, JC TI DISTURBANCE, LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES, AND SEED FATES IN ALPINE HERBFIELD COMMUNITIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Seed Fates - Importance for Structuring Plant Populations and Communities, at the Botanical-Society-of-America Meeting CY AUG, 1992 CL HONOLULU, HI SP BOTAN SOC AMER ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; TUNDRA DISTURBANCE; TUSSOCK TUNDRA; ALASKAN TUNDRA; BURIED SEED; BANK SIZE; GROWTH; SOIL; GERMINATION; DISPERSAL AB Species responses to disturbance are governed primarily by their life history and physiological traits and by the characteristics of the disturbance, Species reproductive traits are especially important in determining the potential of species to establish and to persist following disturbance. Herein, I review available literature on relationships among disturbance, species life histories, and seed fates in tundra environments. Research conducted on these relationships in alpine herbfield vegetation on the Beartooth Plateau, Montana, over the past 9 yr by my colleagues and myself is synthesized. In tundra environments, species reproductive capacities are often similar to those in more temperate environments, but short, cool growing seasons constrain seed production and reduce seedling growth and survival. Highly variable growing season conditions result in large differences in seed production and seedling establishment among years. On disturbed sites, disturbance characteristics determine the seed and seedling environment and influence rates of establishment. In these windy environments, relationships among soil surface characteristics and seed morphological attributes determine both the horizontal and vertical movement of seeds on exposed soils. Once seeds are incorporated into the soil, soil physical and chemical properties determine temperature and nutrient regimes and have the greatest effects on seed germination and seedling growth and survival. Examining the seed fates of herbfield species with varying life histories illustrates that the identities of species that establish following disturbance are largely predictable from their reproductive traits. Disturbance characteristics determine the success of different reproductive strategies and significantly influence community structure. RP CHAMBERS, JC (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,920 VALLEY RD,RENO,NV 89512, USA. NR 80 TC 85 Z9 88 U1 4 U2 18 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI COLUMBUS PA OHIO STATE UNIV-DEPT BOTANY 1735 NEIL AVE, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 82 IS 3 BP 421 EP 433 DI 10.2307/2445588 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QM775 UT WOS:A1995QM77500015 ER PT J AU SCHAEFER, EJ LICHTENSTEIN, AH LAMONFAVA, S MCNAMARA, JR ORDOVAS, JM AF SCHAEFER, EJ LICHTENSTEIN, AH LAMONFAVA, S MCNAMARA, JR ORDOVAS, JM TI LIPOPROTEINS, NUTRITION, AGING, AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nutrition and Environmental Health, at Experimental Biology 94 CY APR 24-26, 1994 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP AMER SOC CLIN NUTR INC, NIEHS DE LIPOPROTEINS; NUTRITION; DIET; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CORONARY HEART DISEASE; AGING; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY ACIDS ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; PRIMARY-PREVENTION TRIAL; LIPID-LOWERING DIET; PLASMA-LIPIDS; SERUM-CHOLESTEROL; ARTERY DISEASE; FISH OIL AB Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk increases markedly with age in both men and women. Major risk factors for CHD in addition to diet and lifestyle factors include age, family history of CHD, cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes, elevated low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (greater than or equal to 4.1 mmol/L, or 160 mg/dL), and decreased high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (< 0.9 mmol/L, or 35 mg/dL). A diet containing less than or equal to 30% of energy from fat, < 10% from saturated fat, and < 300 mg cholesterol/d for the general population for CHD risk reduction, and a further restriction of < 7% of energy from saturated fat and < 200 mg cholesterol/d for hypercholesterolemic subjects has been recommended. Such diets have been shown to reduce CHD risk. Age-adjusted CHD mortality rates have declined by 50% over the past four decades, probably because of decreases in animal fats in the diet, better control of hypertension, and efforts at smoking cessation. C1 TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR, DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB & MOLEC MED, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. RP TUFTS UNIV, USDA, HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, LIPID METAB LAB, 711 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39326, HL35243] NR 196 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 SU S BP 726S EP 740S PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QK832 UT WOS:A1995QK83200017 PM 7879744 ER PT J AU SARVAZYAN, N ASKARI, A KLEVAY, LM ASKARI, A HUANG, WH AF SARVAZYAN, N ASKARI, A KLEVAY, LM ASKARI, A HUANG, WH TI ROLE OF INTRACELLULAR SOD IN OXIDANT-INDUCED INJURY TO NORMAL AND COPPER-DEFICIENT CARDIAC MYOCYTES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CARDIOMYOPATHY; COPPER DEFICIENCY; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; HYDROXYL RADICAL; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; SUPEROXIDE RADICAL ID RAT HEART MYOCYTES; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXYGEN METABOLITES; MYOCARDIAL INJURY; XANTHINE-OXIDASE; CYTO-TOXICITY; ENZYME; SUPPLEMENTATION; RADICALS AB Previous studies have shown that susceptibilities of hepatocytes and endothelial cells to H2O2-induced injury are altered by changes in the intracellular activity of Cu,Zn-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD). To evaluate the role of intracellular CuZn-SOD in oxidant-induced injury to rat cardiac myocytes, cells with reduced CuZn-SOD activity but normal ATP content were either isolated from the hearts of adult copper-deficient rats or obtained by treatment of normal isolated adult myocytes with diethyldithiocarbamate. These myocytes and controls with normal CuZn-SOD activity were exposed to either reagent H2O2 or oxidants generated by extracellular glucose oxidase plus glucose or xanthine oxidase plus xanthine. It was shown that myocytes with CuZn-SOD activities reduced by 70-90% were equally susceptible to H2O2 and the two oxidant-generating systems as the control myocytes. The findings suggest that in adult cardiac myocytes, in contrast to the situation in some other cells, intracellular CuZn-SOD may not have a significant defensive role against acute H2O2-induced injury. The possibility remains, however, that changes in the activity of this enzyme, e.g., in copper deficiency, may be relevant to the ability of myocytes to cope with chronic oxidative stress resulting from imbalance between intracellular oxygen radical-generating and -scavenging systems. C1 MED COLL OHIO, DEPT PHARMACOL, TOLEDO, OH 43699 USA. MED COLL OHIO, DEPT SURG, TOLEDO, OH 43699 USA. USDA ARS, GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR, GRAND FORKS, ND 58202 USA. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 268 IS 3 BP H1115 EP H1121 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA QL358 UT WOS:A1995QL35800024 ER PT J AU JENSEN, AE CHEVILLE, NF EWALT, DR PAYEUR, JB THOEN, CO AF JENSEN, AE CHEVILLE, NF EWALT, DR PAYEUR, JB THOEN, CO TI APPLICATION OF PULSED-FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS FOR DIFFERENTIATION OF VACCINE STRAIN RB51 FROM FIELD ISOLATES OF BRUCELLA-ABORTUS FROM CATTLE, BISON, AND ELK SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYMORPHISM; CHROMOSOME; SURVIVAL; DELETION; GENUS; DNA AB Restriction endonuclease patterns of genomic fragments separated by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were used to differentiate Brucella abortus strain RB51, a rifampin-resistant mutant of the standard virulent strain 2308, from other brucellae. Results were compared with results obtained by use of standard methods for characterizing brucellae. Electrophoretic patterns of the ATCC type strains allowed identification of the strains to the level of species. Genomic profiles of B abortus biovars 1, 2, and 4 were similar, as were those of biovars 5, 6, and 9. The profile of biovar 3 was similar to that of biovars 5, 6, and 9, except for a missing band at 93 kb and additional bands at 65 and 67 kb. A different fingerprint was detected in B abortus strain RB51, using the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of genomic DNA digested with restrictive endonuclease Xba I. The profile of B abortus strain RB51 contained a band at 104 kb, as opposed to a 109-kb fragment within profiles of B abortus isolates from naturally infected cattle, bison, and elk. Despite known biochemical and biological differences between RB51 and its parent strain (2308), restriction endonuclease analysis results were similar. C1 USDA,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,DIAGNOST BACTERIOL LAB,AMES,IA 50010. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,COLL VET MED,DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL & PREVENT MED,AMES,IA 50011. RP JENSEN, AE (reprint author), USDA,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,BRUCELLOSIS RES UNIT,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 56 IS 3 BP 308 EP 312 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QJ318 UT WOS:A1995QJ31800008 PM 7771697 ER PT J AU SHUSTER, DE KEHRLI, ME AF SHUSTER, DE KEHRLI, ME TI ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST DURING ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED MASTITIS IN COWS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; DAIRY-COWS; INHIBITION; RABBITS; SHOCK AB The role of interleukin 1 (IL-1) as an inflammatory tory mediator during mastitis and the therapeutic effect of recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) for bovine mastitis was studied. Cows were intramammarily infused with lipopolysaccharide (25 mu g) in 1 mammary gland. Half the cows also received infusions of 5 mg of IL-1ra into the same mammary gland just prior to endotoxin infusion and 4, 8, and 12 hours later. After endotoxin infusion, tumor necrosis factor and high IL-1 bioactivity were detected in whey from infused glands. Vascular permeability changes and neutrophil accumulation in milk paralleled the appearance of cytokines. A systemic reaction, characterized by pyrexia and an increase in blood cortisol concentration, also were observed. Milk yield was inhibited and milk composition was altered in infused and noninfused glands. The increase in IL-1 bioactivity in milk after endotoxin infusion was almost completely prevented in glands receiving IL-1ra. However, IL-1ra had no effect on local inflammation systemic reaction, or impairment in productive performance. These results indicate that IL-1 does not mediate its effect within the milk compartment, and suggest either that IL-1 is not critical to the mastitic response or that intramammary infusion of IL-1ra does not place the antagonist where IL-1 interacts with its receptor. C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,METAB DIS & IMMUNOL RES UNIT,AMES,IA 50010. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 56 IS 3 BP 313 EP 320 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QJ318 UT WOS:A1995QJ31800009 PM 7771698 ER PT J AU ELLNER, S TURCHIN, P AF ELLNER, S TURCHIN, P TI CHAOS IN A NOISY WORLD - NEW METHODS AND EVIDENCE FROM TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID LOCAL LYAPUNOV EXPONENTS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MODELS; PREDICTION; CYCLES AB Chaos is usually regarded as a distinct alternative to random effects such as environmental fluctuations or external disturbances. We argue that strict separation between chaotic and stochastic dynamics in ecological systems is unnecessary and misleading, and we present a more comprehensive approach for systems subject to stochastic perturbations. The defining property of chaos is sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Chaotic systems are ''noise amplifiers'' that magnify perturbations; nonchaotic systems are ''noise mufflers'' that dampen perturbations. We also present statistical methods for detecting chaos in time-series data, based on using nonlinear time-series modeling to estimate the Lyapunov exponent lambda, which gives the average rate at which perturbation effects grow (lambda > 0) or decay (lambda < 0). These methods allow for dynamic noise and can detect low-dimensional chaos with realistic amounts of data. Results for natural and laboratory populations span the entire range from noise-dominated and strongly stable dynamics through weak chaos. The distribution of estimated Lyapunov exponents is concentrated near the transition between stable and chaotic dynamics. In such borderline cases the fluctuations in short-term Lyapunov exponents may be more informative than the average exponent lambda for characterizing nonlinear dynamics. C1 US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,PINEVILLE,LA 71360. RP ELLNER, S (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT STAT,BIOMATH GRAD PROGRAM,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 92 TC 309 Z9 321 U1 3 U2 35 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0003-0147 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 145 IS 3 BP 343 EP 375 DI 10.1086/285744 PG 33 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA QL573 UT WOS:A1995QL57300002 ER PT J AU DESJARDINS, AE AF DESJARDINS, AE TI POPULATION-STRUCTURE OF GIBBERELLA-PULICARIS (ANAMORPH FUSARIUM-SAMBUCINUM) FROM POTATO-TUBER DRY ROT IN NORTH-AMERICA AND EUROPE SO AMERICAN POTATO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE THIABENDAZOLE RESISTANCE; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L; MATING TYPES; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY ID THIABENDAZOLE; RESISTANCE AB Gibberella pulicaris is the sexual stage of Fusarium sambucinum, the major cause of potato tuber dry rot in North America and Europe. In a previous study 42 strains from dry-rotted tubers in North America were analyzed for genetic diversity by mating type and vegetative compatibility group (VCG) tests. In the present study, an additional 96 strains from North America, 21 strains from Europe, and six strains from other geographic areas were analyzed. Both mating types, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2, occur widely outside North America. In contrast, all but two, Canadian, strains of the 138 North American strains analyzed to date are MAT1-1. VCG analysis provides additional evidence that genetic diversity of G. pulicaris from potato tubers is high in Europe but low in the United States. These results suggest that the potential for pathogen change due to sexual recombination is low in the United States, but may be higher in Europe. Limited genetic diversity of G. pulicaris in the United States indicates that there are likely to be few barriers to heterokaryon formation and asexual recombination in the field. Thus, the potential exists for rapid spread and persistence of advantageous mutations throughout the G. pulicaris population, which may have contributed to the recent proliferation of strains resistant to the fungicide thiabendazole which has been widely used to control tuber dry rot. RP DESJARDINS, AE (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU POTATO ASSN AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE 114 DEERING HALL, ORONO, ME 04469 SN 0003-0589 J9 AM POTATO J JI Am. Potato J. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1007/BF02849350 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QN210 UT WOS:A1995QN21000001 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, RA BRYDEN, NA POLANSKY, MM DEUSTER, PA AF ANDERSON, RA BRYDEN, NA POLANSKY, MM DEUSTER, PA TI ACUTE EXERCISE EFFECTS ON URINARY LOSSES AND SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF COPPER AND ZINC OF MODERATELY TRAINED AND UNTRAINED MEN CONSUMING A CONTROLLED DIET SO ANALYST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Nordic Symposium on Trace Elements in Human Health and Disease CY JUN 19-22, 1994 CL LOEN, NORWAY DE COPPER; ZINC; TRACE ELEMENT; EXERCISE ID PHYSICAL EXERCISE; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; CHROMIUM; PLASMA; MAGNESIUM; IRON; METABOLISM; PROTEINS; CORTISOL; RUNNERS AB Acute exercise effects on urinary losses and serum concentrations of Cu and Zn of eight moderately trained and five untrained male runners were determined to ascertain effects of training on trace metal responses owing to acute exercise. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) of the moderately trained subjects was 47.3 +/- 2.3 and that of the untrained subjects was 34.7 +/- 1.9 ml kg(-1) min(-1). Subjects consumed a controlled diet to minimize changes due to dietary intake. Immediately following acute exercise at 90% of VO2 max to exhaustion (30 s exercise and 30 s rest periods), serum Zn and Cu levels of moderately trained and untrained subjects were; elevated. Serum Zn of moderately trained subjects 2 h post-exercise was lower than before exercise (13.5 +/- 0.05 versus 12.5 +/- 0.05 mu mol l(-1), a similar trend was observed for untrained subjects. Serum concentrations of both groups were similar to pre-exercise levels 2 h post-exercise. Changes in urinary losses of Zn and Cu, associated with the acute strenuous exercise of short duration employed in this study, were not significantly different. These data demonstrate that increases in serum Cu and Zn following acute exercise are independent of training status for moderately trained and untrained men. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MIL MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP ANDERSON, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTR REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,BLDG 307,ROOM 224,BARC-E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. RI Deuster, Patricia/G-3838-2015 OI Deuster, Patricia/0000-0002-7895-0888 NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD MAR PY 1995 VL 120 IS 3 BP 867 EP 870 DI 10.1039/an9952000867 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA QP461 UT WOS:A1995QP46100051 PM 7741244 ER PT J AU RAMADAN, MM WONG, TTY MESSING, RH AF RAMADAN, MM WONG, TTY MESSING, RH TI REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY OF BIOSTERES-VANDENBOSCHI (HYMENOPTERA, BRACONIDAE), A PARASITOID OF EARLY-INSTAR ORIENTAL FRUIT-FLY SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE BIOSTERES-VANDENBOSCHI; BACTROCERA-DORSALIS; CERATITIS-CAPITATA ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; SEX-RATIO; TRYONI HYMENOPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; FLIES AB Some aspects of the reproductive biology of Biosteres vandenboschi (Fullaway) were investigated in the laboratory. Mean longevity of host-deprived and ovipositing females was 28.6 and 23.7 d, respectively. In parasitoid stock reared from Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), newly emerged B. vandenboschi had a mean of 4.2 mature ovarian eggs and ovarian maturation peaked at 41.2 eggs on the 12th d after eclosion. However, B. vandenboschi reared from Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) had an earlier peak on the 6th d after eclosion and a similar one on the 12th d. Mean numbers of mature ovarian eggs declined, as age of female increased in both parasitoid stocks. Overall mean mature ovarian eggs of host-deprived females eclosed from B. dorsalis was significantly higher than overall mean ovarian eggs of females eclosed from C. capitata. Despite the availability of abundant hosts suitable for oviposition, female B. vandenboschi reared individually were reluctant to deposit many eggs. Average egg deposition per day was only 16% of the ovarian eggs available, and average potential fecundity (eggs laid by a female plus eggs remaining in ovaries at death) was 65 eggs in both mated and unmated females. Potential fecundity in ovipositing females was 1.9-fold higher than the maximal number of ovarian eggs found, an indication of significant enhancement of egg maturation by oviposition activity. Second and early third instars of B. dorsalis, when presented to B. vandenboschi for oviposition, produced significantly higher female offspring than female offspring produced from first-instar B. dorsalis. The number of uneclosed host puparia was reduced when second-instar B. dorsalis were exposed for oviposition. C1 USDA ARS,TROP FRUIT & VEGETABLE RES LAB,HONOLULU,HI 96804. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QM509 UT WOS:A1995QM50900011 ER PT J AU KRAUS, J LOPER, JE AF KRAUS, J LOPER, JE TI CHARACTERIZATION OF A GENOMIC REGION REQUIRED FOR PRODUCTION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC PYOLUTEORIN BY THE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS PF-5 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYRINGAE PV-GLYCINEA; PYTHIUM-ULTIMUM; DAMPING-OFF; PHYTOTOXIN CORONATINE; COTTON SEEDLINGS; BIOSYNTHESIS; ACID; AGROBACTERIUM; SUPPRESSION; RHIZOSPHERE AB A 21-kb region required for the biosynthesis of the polyketide antibiotic pyoluteorin by the biological control agent Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 was identified and cloned. Seven previously isolated mutants deficient in pyoluteorin production (Plt(-)) had Tn5 insertions spanning the 21-kb region, Sequences flanking Tn5 inserts were cloned from genomic DNA of three Plt(-) mutants and used as probes to identify wild-type alleles of the pit loci from a genomic library of Pf-5. Five cosmids containing overlapping regions of genomic DNA hybridized to one or more of the probes. One cosmid, pJEL1938, contained the entire 21-kb region and, when introduced into a Plt(-) mutant, partially restored pyoluteorin production. To study the expression of the genes required for pyoluteorin biosynthesis, the transposon Tn3-nice, which contains a promoterless ice nucleation gene (inaZ) and a type I neomycin phosphotransferase gene, was introduced into the genomic pit region of Pf-5. Carbon sources that influenced pyoluteorin production by Pf-5 had parallel effects on ice nucleation activity of Pf-5 containing a genomic plt::Tn3-nice fusion, indicating that inaZ was transcribed from a promoter of the pit region, Cells of Pf-5 containing a genomic plt::Tn3-nice fusion expressed ice nucleation activity on cotton and cucumber seeds planted in field soil. The expression of plt genes by Pf-5 in the cucumber spermosphere was delayed in comparison with expression in the cotton spermosphere, This study demonstrates that genes required for pyoluteorin production were expressed in situ by the biological control bacterium. C1 USDA ARS,HORT CROPS RES LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97330. OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT BOT & PLANT PATHOL,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. NR 37 TC 107 Z9 113 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 849 EP 854 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900001 PM 16534969 ER PT J AU FUKUSHIMA, Y KIRK, TK AF FUKUSHIMA, Y KIRK, TK TI LACCASE COMPONENT OF THE CERIPORIOPSIS-SUBVEMISPORA LIGNIN-DEGRADING SYSTEM SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; CORIOLUS-VERSICOLOR; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; SUBVERMISPORA; PURIFICATION; PEROXIDASE; OXIDATION; ENZYMES; PROTEIN AB Laccase activity in the lignin-degrading fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora was associated with several proteins in the broth of cultures grown in a defined medium, Activity,vas not increased significantly by adding 2,5-xylidine or supplemental copper to the medium, Higher activity, associated with two major isoenzymes, developed in cultures grown on a wheat bran medium. These two isoenzymes were purified to homogeneity. L1 and L2 had isoelectric points of 3.4 and 4.8, molecular masses of 71 and 68 kDa, and approximate carbohydrate contents of 15 and 10%, respectively, Data indicated 4 copper atoms per mel. L1 and L2 had overlapping pH optima in the range of 3 to 5, depending on the substrate, and exhibited half-lives of 120 acid 50 min at 60 degrees C., They were strongly inhibited by sodium azide and thioglycolic acid but not by hydroxylamine or EDTA, The isoenzymes oxidized 1,2,4,5-tetramethoxybenzene but not other methoxybenzene congeners, A variety of usual laccase substrates, including lignin-related phenols and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], were also oxidized, Kinetic parameters were similar to those of the laccases of Coriolus versicolor. The N-terminal amino acid sequence (20 residues for L1) showed significant homology to those of laccases of other white rot basidiomycetes but not to those of the laccases of Agaricus bisporus or Neurospora crassa. C1 KIKKOMAN FOODS INC, DIV RES & DEV, NODA, CHIBA 278, JAPAN. USDA, FOREST PROD LAB, INST MICROBIAL & BIOCHEM TECHNOL, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT BACTERIOL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. NR 33 TC 116 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 872 EP 876 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900005 PM 7793921 ER PT J AU ADHIKARI, TB CRUZ, CMV ZHANG, Q NELSON, RJ SKINNER, DZ MEW, TW LEACH, JE AF ADHIKARI, TB CRUZ, CMV ZHANG, Q NELSON, RJ SKINNER, DZ MEW, TW LEACH, JE TI GENETIC DIVERSITY OF XANTHOMONAS-ORYZAE PV ORYZAE IN ASIA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; CAMPESTRIS; RICE; DNA; PHILIPPINES; PATHOVARS AB Restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence analyses were used to evaluate the population structure of Xanthomonas oryzae pv, oryzae, the rice bacterial blight pathogen, from several rice growing countries in Asia, Two DNA sequences from X. oryzae pv. oryzae, IS1112, an insertion sequence, and avrXa10, a member of a family of avirulence genes, were used as probes to analyze the genomes of 308 strains of X. oryzae pv, oryzae collected from China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, and the Philippines. On the basis of the consensus of three clustering statistics, the collection formed five clusters. Genetic distances within the five clusters ranged from 0.16 to 0.51, and distances between clusters ranged from 0.48 to 0.64, Three of the five clusters consisted of strains from a single country. Strains within two clusters, however, were found in more than one country, suggesting patterns of movement of the pathogen. The pathotype of X. oryzae pv. oryzae was determined for 226 strains by inoculating five rice differential cultivars. More than one pathotype was associated with each cluster; however, some pathotypes were associated with only one cluster. Most strains from South Asia (Nepal and India) were virulent to cultivars containing the bacterial blight resistance gene xa-5, while most strains from other countries were avirulent to xa-5. The regional differentiation of clusters of X. oryzae pv. oryzae in Asia and the association of some pathotypes of X. oryzae pv, oryzae with single clusters suggested that strategies that target regional resistance breeding and gene deployment are feasible. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,USDA ARS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. CHINESE ACAD AGR SCI,INST CROP BREEDING & CULTIVAT,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. INT RICE RES INST,DIV ENTOMOL & PLANT PATHOL,MANILA 1099,PHILIPPINES. NR 37 TC 105 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 966 EP 971 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900019 PM 16534980 ER PT J AU ZABLOTOWICZ, RM HOAGLAND, RE LOCKE, MA HICKEY, WJ AF ZABLOTOWICZ, RM HOAGLAND, RE LOCKE, MA HICKEY, WJ TI GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY AND METABOLISM OF GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATES BY RHIZOSPHERE BACTERIA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROPACHLOR; SOIL; MINERALIZATION; MICROORGANISMS; PURIFICATION; DEGRADATION; COMMUNITY; ALACHLOR; WATER AB Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was determined in 36 species of rhizosphere bacteria with the substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and in 18 strains with the herbicide alachlor. Highest levels of CDNB-GST activity (60 to 222 nmol . h(-1) . mg(-1)) were found in gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter diversus, Klebsiella planticola, Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, and Xanthomonas campestris. There was very low CDNB-GST activity in the gram-positive strains. Rapid metabolism of CDNB-glutathione conjugates, attributable to high levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, also occurred in the gram-negative bacteria, especially pseudomonads. Alachlor-GST activity detected in cell extracts and whole-cell suspensions of some strains of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonaceae was 50- to 100-fold lower than CDNB-GST activity (0.5 to 2.5 nmol . h(-1) . mg(-1)) and was, for the most part, constitutive. The glutathione-alachlor conjugate was rarely detected. Cysteineglycine and/or cysteine conjugates were the major products of alachlor-GST metabolism. Whole-cell suspensions of certain Pseudomonas spp, dechlorinated from 20 to 75% of 100 mu M alachlor in 24 h. Results indicate that rhizosphere bacteria, especially fluorescent pseudomonads, may play an important role in the degradation of xenobiotics such as alachlor via GST-mediated reactions. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SOIL SCI,MADISON,WI 53706. RP ZABLOTOWICZ, RM (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 NR 34 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 1054 EP 1060 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900032 PM 16534956 ER PT J AU MCALPIN, CE MANNARELLI, B AF MCALPIN, CE MANNARELLI, B TI CONSTRUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A DNA-PROBE FOR DISTINGUISHING STRAINS OF ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; RELATEDNESS; IDENTIFICATION; MITOCHONDRIAL; SEQUENCES; FAMILY; RACES AB Repetitive DNA sequences have proven useful and reliable characters in evaluating genetic relatedness of strains at different levels of taxonomic classification. A DNA probe was constructed to distinguish among strains of Aspergillus flavus by DNA fingerprinting techniques. Chromosomal DNA of A. flavus var. flavus NRRL, 6541 was partially digested with EcoRI and ligated to a Lambda Dash bacteriophage vector. Four lambda clones were identified which displayed multiple and distinct bands when hybridized with chromosomal DNA from seven strains of A. flavus var. flavus digested with either EcoRI or PstI. One of these clones was chosen for further analysis and was subcloned Into pUC19. The subclone, pAF28, contained a 6.2-kb chromosomal DNA insert and was able to distinguish among strains characterized by and E. Papa (Mycologia 78:98-101, 1986) as belonging to 22 different vegetative compatibility groups. The subclone identified unique banding patterns when hybridized to genomic DNA digested with PstI. The cloned probe may be species specific as it hybridized with the DNA of all isolates of A. flavus tested in addition to strains recognized as varieties of A. flavus (e.g., A. flavus var, oryzae, A. flavus var. parasiticus, and A. flavus var. sojae). pAF28 hybridized to a single band on a Southern blot with Aspergillus nomius DNA but did not hybridize with the DNA of other fungal species tested including Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus auricomus, Aspergillus alliaceus, Fusarium moniliforme, and Penicillium thomii. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 1068 EP 1072 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900034 PM 7793909 ER PT J AU VAREL, VH YEN, JT KREIKEMEIER, KK AF VAREL, VH YEN, JT KREIKEMEIER, KK TI ADDITION OF CELLULOLYTIC CLOSTRIDIA TO THE BOVINE RUMEN AND PIG INTESTINAL-TRACT SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; SHEEP; LONGISPORUM; DIVERSITY; TOXICITY; CULTURE AB Studies were conducted to determine whether intestinal cellulolytic bacteria could be introduced into the bovine rumen or pig large intestine, In the first study, the ruminal fluid of three cows was evacuated and replaced with 20 liters of buffer and 6 liters of the ruminal or swine cellulolytic organism Clostridium longisporum or Clostridium herbivorans, respectively, The introduced organisms were the predominant cellulolytic bacterium in the fluid (>10(7) cells ml(-1)) at 0 h, C. longisporum was still the predominant cellulolytic organism after 5 h, at 0.55 x 10(7) cells ml(-1); however, after 24 h the count of C. longisporum decreased to 0.05 x 10(7) cells ml(-1) compared with 2.8 x 10(7) cells ml(-1) for the total cellulolytic organisms, After 48 h, C. longisporum was no longer detectable, C. herbivorans was identified in only one of the three cows after 24 h and was not detected at 72 h. In a second study, when C. longisporum (50 ml; 10(7) cells ml(-1)) was infused into the terminal ileum of seven pigs, it was not recovered when fecal samples were evaluated at 24, 48, or 72 h after infusion, These studies emphasize the competition that must be overcome to successfully introduce organisms into an intestinal ecosystem. Furthermore, these studies suggest that C. longisporum is a transient organism in the bovine rumen; however, C. herbivorans is part of the normal intestinal flora of some pigs, although the role that it plays in fiber degradation in these pigs is unclear. RP VAREL, VH (reprint author), USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,POB 166,CLAY CTR,NE 68933, USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 1116 EP 1119 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900042 PM 7793913 ER PT J AU ZAHNLEY, JC SMITH, MR AF ZAHNLEY, JC SMITH, MR TI INSOLUBLE GLUCAN FORMATION BY LEUCONOSTOC-MESENTEROIDES B-1355 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEXTRANSUCRASE; PURIFICATION; ALTERNANSUCRASE AB Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1355 produced at least three glucosyltransferases (GTFs), We previously identified GTF-2 as alternansucrase and GTF-3 as fraction L dextransucrase. We here show that GTF-1 is a previously unreported sucrase that synthesized water-insoluble dextran. Our evidence consisted of the following. (i) GTF-1 was a major component and GTF-2 was a minor component of culture supernatant fractions, but supernatant fractions actively synthesized water-insoluble glucan. (ii) GTF-1 and culture supernatants produced an unusual high-pressure liquid chromatography pattern of malto-oligosaccharides that was not reproduced by GTF-2-GTF-3 mixtures. (iii) GTF-2, GTP-3, and GTF-2-GTF-3 mixtures did not synthesize insoluble glucan from sucrose. Nearly all of the alternansucrase in young (less than 17-h) cultures was associated with the cells. C1 USDA,WESTERN REG RES CTR,DEPT AGR,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 61 IS 3 BP 1120 EP 1123 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA QJ889 UT WOS:A1995QJ88900043 PM 16534961 ER PT J AU FLOUNDERS, AW BRANDON, DL BATES, AH AF FLOUNDERS, AW BRANDON, DL BATES, AH TI IMMOBILIZATION OF THIABENDAZOLE-SPECIFIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES TO SILICON SUBSTRATES VIA AQUEOUS SILANIZATION SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROTEIN IMMOBILIZATION; THIABENDAZOLE; SILICON DIOXIDE; SILICON NITRIDE ID BENZIMIDAZOLE ANTHELMINTICS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ELISA; PROTEINS; BINDING; BENOMYL; AGENTS; IMPACT; ASSAY AB Monoclonal antibodies specific for thiabendazole were immobilized to silicon, silicon dioxide, stoichiometric silicon nitride, and silicon-rich silicon nitride surfaces. This work provides the foundation for the development of a homogeneous sensor system for rapid detection and quantification of thiabendazole residues in produce and animal tissue. Immobilization was performed via aqueous silanization of the substrate follwed sequentially by treatment with glutaraldehyde and contact with antibody solution in the presence of detergent. Surfaces were challenged with thiabendazole-horseradish peroxidase conjugate in an ELISA format to estimate immobilized antibody load. A stable and reproducible surface loading of 2 x 10(11) antibodies/cm(2) was obtained only after surfaces received postimmobilization treatments to remove nonspecifically adsorbed antibody. No difference in surface loading was noted when using 30% hydrogen peroxide rather than nitric acid for silanol activation. Little difference was noted among the antibody loadings achieved on the various silicon substrates. Bound antigen-enzyme conjugate was eluted with 0.1N acetic acid and reproducible surface activity was measured for up to four consecutive antigen challenges. Immobilized antibody surfaces were stabilized with 2% sucrose, dehydrated at 37 degrees C and stored in vacuum or stored at 4 degrees C in phosphate buffered saline containing 0.01% sodium azide without significant loss of activity. RP FLOUNDERS, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,FOOD SAFETY & HLTH RES UNIT,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 38 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07012 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 50 IS 3 BP 265 EP 284 DI 10.1007/BF02788097 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA QN465 UT WOS:A1995QN46500004 ER PT J AU HUANG, WY URI, ND AF HUANG, WY URI, ND TI A NOTE ON NITROGEN-FERTILIZER APPLICATION TIMING SO APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING LA English DT Note DE NITROGEN FERTILIZER; APPLICATION TIMING; PRODUCTION RISK; COTTON AB This paper is concerned with a farmer's decision on the timing of nitrogen fertilizer application. An analytical model is developed to determine the necessary conditions for the optimal timing of the application of nitrogen fertiliser. The empirical results explain various observed application timings of nitrogen fertilizer being used in cotton production in Mississippi and provide an estimate of the cost to a farmer when he or she must comply with a restriction on the timing of the application of nitrogen fertilizer. RP HUANG, WY (reprint author), USDA,ECON RES SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20005, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0307-904X J9 APPL MATH MODEL JI Appl. Math. Model. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 19 IS 3 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0307-904X(94)00016-Y PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA QQ154 UT WOS:A1995QQ15400007 ER PT J AU REEVES, JB AF REEVES, JB TI NEAR-INFRARED VERSUS MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY - RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPECTRAL CHANGES INDUCED BY WATER AND RELATIVE INFORMATION-CONTENT OF THE 2 SPECTRAL REGIONS IN REGARD TO HIGH-MOISTURE SAMPLES SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE FT-IR; FT/NEAR-IR; WATER; SILAGES AB The objectives of this work were to examine similarities and differences in the near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral regions when one is working with high-moisture materials and to study spectral changes in these regions as a method to identify the relationship of spectral information in the near-IR to fundamental absorptions in the mid-IR. Near- and mid-infrared spectra were taken with a Digilab FTS-65 Fourier transform spectrometer. Liquids were examined by transmission and solids by reflectance. Results with solutions showed that less spectral distortion arises when one is subtracting water from mid- rather than from near-infrared spectre. It was also easier to produce high-quality spectra in the mid-infrared by using attenuated total reflectance than by using transmission in the near-infrared. While mid-infrared spectra showed changes (induced by water, pH, physical state, and ionic strength) similar to those found in the near-infrared, there appeared to be more information available in the mid-infrared, even in the presence of water. RP REEVES, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS,NUTRIENT CONSERVAT & METAB LAB,BLDG 200,ROOM 126,BARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 49 IS 3 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1366/0003702953963544 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA QM508 UT WOS:A1995QM50800006 ER PT J AU ORDOVAS, JM LOPEZMIRANDA, J PEREZJIMENEZ, F RODRIGUEZ, C PARK, JS COLE, T SCHAEFER, EJ AF ORDOVAS, JM LOPEZMIRANDA, J PEREZJIMENEZ, F RODRIGUEZ, C PARK, JS COLE, T SCHAEFER, EJ TI EFFECT OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-E AND A-IV PHENOTYPES ON THE LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSE TO HMG COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR THERAPY SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE APOLIPOPROTEIN A-IV; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; DRUG THERAPY; HMG COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; PRAVASTATIN ID HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; E POLYMORPHISM; PLASMA-LIPIDS; CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; LOVASTATIN TREATMENT; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; APO-E; POPULATION; PROTEIN AB Our purpose was to assess the effect of apolipoprotein (ape) E and apo A-IV isoform variation on low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowering response to the HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, plasma samples were obtained from participants (ape E, n = 97; apo A-IV, n = 144) in the PLAC-I (Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in Coronary Arteries Study-1), The mean LDL cholesterol reduction in these subjects who were randomized to pravastatin 40 mg/day was 28%. Subjects with the APOE*2 allele (n = 12) had significantly (P = 0.04) greater reductions at 36% than subjects homozygous for the APOE*3 allele (n = 66, 27%) or those with the APOE*4 allele (n = 19, 26%), No significant effect of apo A-IV phenotype on LDL cholesterol lowering in response to pravastatin was noted, A meta-analysis utilizing published data from 4 previously published studies as well as our own data with a total sample size of 625 subjects was carried out, This analysis indicates that the presence of the APOE*2 allele was associated with a significantly greater (P < 0.05) LDL-cholesterol lowering response at 37% than those subjects homozygous for the APOE*3 allele at 35%, while those with the APOE*4 allele had a significantly lower response (P < 0.05), at 33%. These data are consistent with the concept that apo E phenotype modulates the LDL cholesterol lowering response observed with the use of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors. C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PRINCETON,NJ. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,ST LOUIS,MO. RP ORDOVAS, JM (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. OI Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39326] NR 61 TC 129 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 1995 VL 113 IS 2 BP 157 EP 166 DI 10.1016/0021-9150(94)05439-P PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA QQ136 UT WOS:A1995QQ13600003 PM 7605354 ER PT J AU OBENDORF, DL MURRAY, N VELDHUIS, G MUNDAY, BL DUBEY, JP AF OBENDORF, DL MURRAY, N VELDHUIS, G MUNDAY, BL DUBEY, JP TI ABORTION CAUSED BY NEOSPOROSIS IN CATTLE SO AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Note ID CANINUM INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; DOGS C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR E,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP OBENDORF, DL (reprint author), TASMANIAN DEPT PRIMARY IND & FISHERIES,MT PLEASANT LABS,POB 46,KINGS MEADOWS,TAS 7249,AUSTRALIA. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 18 PU AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY ASSN PI VICTORIA PA 272 BRUNSWICK RD BRUNSWICK, VICTORIA 3056, AUSTRALIA SN 0005-0423 J9 AUST VET J JI Aust. Vet. J. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 117 EP 118 DI 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb15025.x PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QM241 UT WOS:A1995QM24100008 PM 7611985 ER PT J AU BOULTON, JG GILL, PA COOK, RW FRASER, GC HARPER, P DUBEY, JP AF BOULTON, JG GILL, PA COOK, RW FRASER, GC HARPER, P DUBEY, JP TI BOVINE NEOSPORA ABORTION IN NORTH-EASTERN NEW-SOUTH-WALES SO AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Note ID PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS; CATTLE; PLACENTA; CANINUM; FETUS C1 NSW AGR,GRAFTON AGR RES & ADVISORY STN,GRAFTON,NSW 2460,AUSTRALIA. USDA,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,AGR RES STN,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP BOULTON, JG (reprint author), NSW AGR,REG VET LAB,WOLLONGBAR,NSW 2477,AUSTRALIA. NR 18 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 20 PU AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY ASSN PI VICTORIA PA 272 BRUNSWICK RD BRUNSWICK, VICTORIA 3056, AUSTRALIA SN 0005-0423 J9 AUST VET J JI Aust. Vet. J. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 119 EP 120 DI 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb15026.x PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QM241 UT WOS:A1995QM24100009 PM 7611986 ER PT J AU DUBEY, JP GOODWIN, MA RUFF, MD SHEN, SK KWOK, OCH WILKINS, GL THULLIEZ, P AF DUBEY, JP GOODWIN, MA RUFF, MD SHEN, SK KWOK, OCH WILKINS, GL THULLIEZ, P TI EXPERIMENTAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN CHUKAR PARTRIDGES (ALECTORIS-GRAECA) SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GONDII OOCYSTS; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Thirty battery-hatched chukar partridges (Alectoris graeca) were inoculated orally with oocysts of the ME 49 or the GT-1 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. All six chukars given 10,000 GT-1 strain oocysts died or were euthanized between postinoculation day (p.i.d.) 3 and 6. Fifteen of 24 chukars given 10,000, 1000, 100 or 10 ME 49 strain oocysts died or were euthanized between p.i.d. 6 and 14. Nine chukars that were not ill by p.i.d. 14 remained clinically normal until euthanized in good health p.i.d. 47 and 67; T. gondii was found by bioassay in mice inoculated with tissues of these nine chukars. From the tissues of five chukars bioassayed individually in mice, T. gondii was isolated from brains of four of four tested, and from the hearts and skeletal muscles of five, and livers of three of five chukars tested. Major lesions in chukars that died or those euthanized when ill were enteritis, splenic necrosis, myocarditis and encephalitis. Myocarditis and encephalitis persisted in chukars examined p.i.d. 47, 53 and 67. All chukars examined p.i.d. 10 developed anti-T. gondii antibodies. Anti-T. gondii antibodies detected in the modified agglutination test were higher than those in latex and haemagglutination tests. The Sabin-Feldman dye test did not detect T. gondii antibodies in sera of chukars. The ME 49 strain of T. gondii was more pathogenic to chukars weighing greater than or equal to 300 g than to the 25 g Swiss Webster mice. C1 GEORGIA POULTRY LAB,OAKWOOD,GA 30566. UNIV GEORGIA,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. INST PUERICULTURE,TOXOPLASMOSE LAB,F-75014 PARIS,FRANCE. RP DUBEY, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD VETERINARY POULTRY ASSN PI NEWBURY PA INSTITUTE ANIMAL HEALTH, COMPTON LABORATORY, COMPTON NR, NEWBURY, BERKS, ENGLAND RG16, ONN SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 24 IS 1 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1080/03079459508419051 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QQ141 UT WOS:A1995QQ14100007 PM 18645768 ER PT J AU MCELROY, D JACOBSEN, J AF MCELROY, D JACOBSEN, J TI WHATS BREWING IN BARLEY BIOTECHNOLOGY SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; TRANSGENIC MAIZE PLANTS; MICROPROJECTILE BOMBARDMENT; TRANSIENT EXPRESSION; FERTILE PLANTS; DNA UPTAKE; PROTOPLASTS; REGENERATION; GENES; TRANSFORMATION AB The primary aim of barley (Hordeum vulgare) improvement for use in malting and brewing is to expand the germplasm available to breeders. The development of a transformation system for barley, along with an improved understanding of the biology underlying malting quality, has made it possible to consider improving barley by making planned genetic changes. In this review, we discuss the opportunities for biotechnology as they apply to the use of barley in malting and brewing. C1 CSIRO,DIV PLANT IND,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. COOPERAT RES CTR PLANT SCI,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. RP MCELROY, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD MAR PY 1995 VL 13 IS 3 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1038/nbt0395-245 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA QJ976 UT WOS:A1995QJ97600024 ER PT J AU CORDO, HA DELOACH, CJ FERRER, R AF CORDO, HA DELOACH, CJ FERRER, R TI HOST-RANGE OF THE ARGENTINE ROOT BORER CARMENTA-HAEMATICA (URETA) (LEPIDOPTERA, SESIIDAE), A POTENTIAL BIOCONTROL AGENT FOR SNAKEWEEDS (GUTIERREZIA SPP) IN THE UNITED-STATES SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CARMENTA HAEMATICA; SESIIDAE; GUTIERREZIA; SNAKEWEED; BROOMWEED; BIOCONTROL-WEEDS; RANGE WEEDS; WEEDS-BIOCONTROL ID BROOM SNAKEWEED; ASTEREAE AB The Argentine root-boring sesiid moth Carmenta haematica (Ureta) is restricted in Argentina to plants of two genera, Grindelia and Gutierrezia (Asteraceae: Astereae). Field examination of 51,622 plants of 67 species of Asteraceae at 286 locations revealed that larvae completed their development only in Grindelia chiloensis (Corn.) Cabrera, Grindelia tehuelches Cabrera, Gutierrezia solbrigii Cabrera, Gutierrezia spathulata (Phil.) Kurtz., and Gutierrezia mandonii (Sch. Bip.) Solbrig. In multiple-choice tests in the laboratory, using cut stems of 37 species in 27 genera and eight tribes of Asteraceae, 93.5% of the neonate larvae that entered stems entered those of 4 species of Grindelia and Gutierrezia and 95.7% entered these plus the 1 other species of the subtribe Solidagininae tested. In no-choice tests using potted plants in the laboratory garden, neonate larvae placed in holes drilled in the stems of 28 species of plants developed to the adult stage only in Gr. chiloensis but reached the fourth instar also in Grindelia pulchella Dun., Gu. solbrigii, and Solidago chilensis Meyen. The no-choice and multiple-choice laboratory tests, interpreted through the three basic elements of host specificity of insects, support the host range observed in the field. C. haematica is the most specific insect yet tested for biological control of snakeweed. It is sufficiently host specific for introduction into quarantine in the United States for further testing and possible future release in the field. C1 USDA ARS,GRASSLAND SOIL & WATER RES LAB,TEMPLE,TX 76502. RP CORDO, HA (reprint author), US DEPT AGR,ARS,BIOL CONTROL WEEDS LAB,BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1006/bcon.1995.1001 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA QJ979 UT WOS:A1995QJ97900001 ER PT J AU CORDO, HA DELOACH, CJ FERRER, R BRIANO, J AF CORDO, HA DELOACH, CJ FERRER, R BRIANO, J TI BIONOMICS OF CARMENTA-HAEMATICA (URETA) (LEPIDOPTERA, SESIIDAE) WHICH ATTACKS SNAKEWEEDS (GUTIERREZIA SPP) IN ARGENTINA SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CARMENTA HAEMATICA; SESIIDAE; GUTIERREZIA; SNAKEWEED; BROOMWEED; BIOCONTROL-WEEDS; RANGE WEEDS; WEEDS-BIOCONTROL ID BROOM SNAKEWEED AB Adult Carmenta haematica are day-flying moths with orange (female) or clear (male) wings and a wingspan of 20 to 24 mm. Adults mated in bright sunlight. Females lived an average 2.3 days and laid an average 240 eggs each on stems and twigs of the host plant. Only 66% of the eggs hatched, mostly in the 4 h before dawn. Larvae had seven instars and reached ca. 24 mm long when full grown. Larvae entered the plant at the base of twigs or leaves or sometimes directly into the crowns. They were cannibalistic after the second instar and usually only one large larva occurred in a plant in the field. Larger larvae tunneled in the larger roots and made an exit hole in a large stem 5-8 cm above the crown where they pupated; a silken tube often protruded from the exit hole. The life cycle required ca. 139.5 days at 30 degrees C: 15 days for the egg, 107 days for the larva, 16.5 days for the pupa, and 1 day for the adult to reach peak oviposition. Larval survival decreased below 0 degrees C, and all larvae died after 1 day at -15 degrees C. Larvae pupated in midsummer, adults emerged in late summer, and larvae developed during the fall, winter, and spring. The species was mostly univoltine, but the presence of some large larvae and pupae during most months indicated some variation. In the field, larvae infested 20 to 25% of medium-sized or large plants. At three locations of unusually high larval populations, the combined attack by C. haematica, other root borers, and drought killed most plants of Gutierrezia solbrigii Cabrera and Grindelia chiloensis Cabrera. C1 USDA ARS,GRASSLAND SOIL & WATER RES LAB,TEMPLE,TX 76502. RP CORDO, HA (reprint author), US DEPT AGR,ARS,BIOL CONTROL WEEDS LAB,RA-1686 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 11 EP 24 DI 10.1006/bcon.1995.1002 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA QJ979 UT WOS:A1995QJ97900002 ER PT J AU TAKASU, K LEWIS, WJ AF TAKASU, K LEWIS, WJ TI IMPORTANCE OF ADULT FOOD SOURCES TO HOST SEARCHING OF THE LARVAL PARASITOID MICROPLITIS-CROCEIPES SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE PARASITOID; MICROPLITIS CROCEIPES; ADULT FOOD SOURCE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; HUNGER STATE; HOST-SEARCHING EFFICIENCY; BIOLOGICAL CONTROL ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HYMENOPTERA; SUPERPARASITISM; LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; APIACEAE; STRATEGY; BEHAVIOR; FLOWERS; WASP AB We conducted field experiments to determine the effects of food availability and parasitoid hunger on the searching behavior of Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) (Braconidae; Hymenoptera) in small corn and soybean plots. In both corn and soybean plots where food was not available, females which were well-fed prior to release parasitized more hosts than unfed females. Well-fed females spent more time hovering and less time searching undamaged leaves than did unfed females. Because hovering time is an indicator of active host searching, the better parasitization rate by well-fed females can be explained by the greater proportion of time spent in active host searching. These results suggest that the lack or shortage of food sources in the field reduces the parasitoid's effectiveness. We also found that in a corn plot without food, unfed females more often superparasitized hosts than did well-fed females. However, when food (honey) was provided in a plot, most unfed females found and fed on honey soon after release. After feeding, they quickly began a hovering search, primarily around damaged plants, apparently in search of host larvae. More time was spent hovering by unfed females than by well-fed females in a corn plot with food. In the case of a soybean plot with food, unfed females parasitized more hosts than did well-fed females. These behaviors suggest that feeding experience of females in the field may facilitate their host searching around plants with food. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that it is possible to manipulate the parasitoids' hunger state as a tool for parasitoid release programs. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 34 TC 67 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1006/bcon.1995.1003 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA QJ979 UT WOS:A1995QJ97900003 ER PT J AU COUDRON, TA RICE, WC ELLERSIECK, MR PINNELL, RE AF COUDRON, TA RICE, WC ELLERSIECK, MR PINNELL, RE TI MEDIATED PATHOGENICITY OF THE BACULOVIRUS HZSNPV BY THE VENOM FROM EUPLECTRUS-COMSTOCKII (HYMENOPTERA, EULOPHIDAE) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE HELICOVERPA TEA; PARASITOID; NATURAL PRODUCT; TOXIN; BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; MOLECULAR ENGINEERING; BACULOVIRUS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; TOBACCO BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; FUNNEL WEB SPIDER; HELIOTHIS; NOCTUIDAE; RESISTANCE; TOXINS; REPLICATION; NEUROTOXIN; LARVAE AB Possible approaches for the biological control of larvae of Helicoverpa tea and Heliothis virescens include the engineering of toxins into the baculovirus genome of the Helicoverpa tea singly embedded/enveloped nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HzSNPV). A study was designed to investigate the compatibility of the venom from the parasitic hymenopteran species Euplectrus comstockii with the pathogenicity of HzSNPV, The presence of the baculovirus did not alter the ability of the venom to arrest ecdysis in larvae of H. zea. Venom administered after the consumption of HzSNPV increased the LT(50) (delayed virus-induced mortality), but did not significantly alter the LD(50) (amount of virus-induced mortality), The presence of the venom prior to consumption of the baculovirus caused a substantial delay in viral initial mortality and also reduced the total mortality, Surface response equations were developed to visualize the effect of the venom on the virosis caused by HzSNPV. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,CTR AGR,RICE RES STN,CROWLEY,LA 70527. UNIV MISSOURI,AGR EXPT STN,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP COUDRON, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS,BIOL CONTROL INSECTS RES LAB,POB 7629,COLUMBIA,MO 65205, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.1006/bcon.1995.1010 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA QJ979 UT WOS:A1995QJ97900010 ER PT J AU KRAFSUR, ES OBRYCKI, JJ SCHAEFER, PW AF KRAFSUR, ES OBRYCKI, JJ SCHAEFER, PW TI GENETIC HETEROZYGOSITY AND GENE FLOW IN COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA DEGEER (COLEOPTERA, COCCINELLIDAE) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE COLEOMEGILLA MACULATA; ISOZYME VARIATION; BREEDING STRUCTURE; GENE FLOW ID POPULATION-GENETICS; FORTRAN PROGRAM; BEETLE AB Coleomegilla maculata, an abundant, widely distributed, North American polyphagous beetle, is a predator of soft-bodied insects including aphids. Gene diversity and breeding structure of 12 C. maculata populations was investigated by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Thirty-five of 44 putative loci were polymorphic (79.5%). Genic heterozygosity was estimated at 28 polymorphic loci. Average heterozygosity among the 37 scorable loci was 18.3 +/- 3.5% and was 24.2 +/- 5.0% among only polymorphic loci. The average number of alleles was 4.00 +/- 3.01 and the effective number of alleles was 1.61 +/- 1.65 among the 37 loci. No null alleles were recognized. Forty-five putative alleles segregating at 7 presumptive loci were used to study breeding structure. A significant deficiency of heterozygotes was detected within populations; this deficiency was a result our failure to identify heterozygotes for alleles of similar mobilities. No significant differentiation was found among populations within fields, among populations within states, or among states. Gene frequencies did not significantly differ between beetles sampled in autumn nor among their progeny the next spring. There were no significant departures from random mating among populations. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,BIIRL,NEWARK,DE 19713. RP KRAFSUR, ES (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ENTOMOL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAR PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1006/bcon.1995.1012 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA QJ979 UT WOS:A1995QJ97900012 ER PT J AU SMITH, JL HALVORSON, JJ BOLTON, H AF SMITH, JL HALVORSON, JJ BOLTON, H TI DETERMINATION AND USE OF A CORRECTED CONTROL FACTOR IN THE CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION METHOD OF ESTIMATING SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CHLOROFORM INCUBATION METHOD; INITIAL POPULATION; SOIL ORGANIC MATTER C-14 EVOLVED; CORRECTED CONTROL ID DIRECT EXTRACTION METHOD; RESPIRATION METHOD; GRASSLAND SOILS; NITROGEN; CARBON; METALS AB Estimates of soil microbial biomass are important for both comparative system analysis and mechanistic models. The method for measuring microbial biomass that dominates the literature is the chloroform fumigation incubation method (CFIM), developed on the premise that killed microorganisms are readily mineralized to CO2, which is a measure of the initial population. Factors that affect the CFIM have been thoroughly investigated over the last 15 years. A question that still remains after countless experiments is the use of an appropriate nonfumigated control for accounting for native soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization during incubation. Our approach was to add hot-water-leached C-14-labeled straw to both fumigated and nonfumigated samples assuming the straw would mimic a recalcitrant C substrate fraction of SOM. The ratio of the C-14 evolved from the fumigated sample over the C-14 evolved from the control sample would provide a corrected control value to be used in calculating microbial biomass. This experiment was conducted on soils from forest, agricultural, grassland and shrub-steppe ecosystems. The results clearly indicate that equal recalcitrant C mineralization during incubation is not a valid assumption. The results with these soils indicate that on the average only 20% of the control CO2 should be subtracted from the fumigated CO2 for the biomass calculation. The correction value ranged from 18% for agricultural soils to 25% for shrub-steppe soil, with the average correction value being 20%. Our experiments show that corrected biomass values will be 1.5-2 times greater than uncorrected biomass values. In addition using a corrected control improved the 1:1 correlation between the CFIM and SIR methods for these soils. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SMITH, JL (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, USDA ARS, LAND MANAGEMENT & WATER CONSERVAT RES UNIT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RI Bolton, Harvey/E-5583-2011 NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAR PY 1995 VL 19 IS 4 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1007/BF00336096 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QM335 UT WOS:A1995QM33500003 ER PT J AU JORDAN, D KREMER, RJ BERGFIELD, WA KIM, KY CACNIO, VN AF JORDAN, D KREMER, RJ BERGFIELD, WA KIM, KY CACNIO, VN TI EVALUATION OF MICROBIAL METHODS AS POTENTIAL INDICATORS OF SOIL QUALITY IN HISTORICAL AGRICULTURAL FIELDS SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE PHOSPHOLIPIDS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; PHOSPHATASE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS PRAIRIE ID BIOMASS; TILLAGE; ROTATION; CARBON AB In agricultural ecosystems that have had consistent cropping histories, standard microbial methods may be used to evaluate past and present practices. Our objective was to evaluate several microbial methods that best indicate cropping histories and soil quality on long-term plots. We selected soil microbial carbon (C), phospholipid analyses, direct counts of total fungal and bacterial biomass, and soil enzymes (phosphatases) to measure direct and indirect microbial activity on the Sanborn Field and Tucker Prairie. The Sanborn Field has been under various cropping and management practices since 1888 and the Tucker Prairie is an uncultivated site. Seven different plots were chosen on the Sanborn Field and random samples were taken in the summit area on the Tucker Prairie, which represented a reference site. Soil microbial biomass C, phospholipids, and enzyme activity were reflective of the cropping and management histories observed on the Sanborn Field. Enzymatic activity was highly correlated to soil organic matter. The direct counts of fungal and bacterial biomass showed that fungal populations dominated these soils, which may be attributed to soil pH. Soil microbial biomass C and enzyme assays seemed to be better potential indicators of cropping histories than the other methods tested in the long-term plots. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,SCH NAT RESOURCES,DEPT SOIL & ATMOSPHER SCI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP JORDAN, D (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,144 MUMFORD HALL,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 23 TC 97 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAR PY 1995 VL 19 IS 4 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.1007/BF00336098 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA QM335 UT WOS:A1995QM33500005 ER PT J AU LI, JF CHEN, MC SCHREUDER, HT GREGOIRE, TG AF LI, JF CHEN, MC SCHREUDER, HT GREGOIRE, TG TI FORESTRY APPLICATIONS OF SADDLE-POINT APPROXIMATIONS TO CONSTRUCT CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS FOR POPULATION MEANS SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE COVERAGE; EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION; S-B DISTRIBUTION; TAIL PROBABILITY APPROXIMATION; WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION ID DISTRIBUTIONS AB A recently developed method based on saddle-point approximations (Tingley, M. A. and Field, C. 1990. Journal of the American Statistical Association 85, 427-434) is applied to a loblolly pine tree volume data set (LOB) to construct two-tailed confidence intervals. An underlying distribution has to be assumed. We fitted the S-B distribution to tree volume, and the Weibull and Exponential distributions were fitted to tree volume, all of which gave good fits and were used for saddle-point approximations. For very small sample sizes (n less than or equal to 15) the saddle-point method provides tighter confidence intervals than the large-sample confidence intervals. The coverage rates are better than that of the classical intervals when the S-B and Weibull distributions are fitted to the LOB data set. The improved coverage rates for the saddle-point method disappear quickly with an increase in sample size. In general the saddle-point approximation to the distribution of the sample mean can result in much narrower confidence intervals with about the same coverage as classical intervals for small sample sizes. Saddle-point approximation methods should provide important improvements for estimation and testing in forestry where small sample sizes occur frequently. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT STAT,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. USDA,FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT FORESTRY,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 808 17TH ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3910 SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.2307/2533315 PG 12 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA QX733 UT WOS:A1995QX73300007 ER PT J AU PREISLER, HK AKERS, RP AF PREISLER, HK AKERS, RP TI AUTOREGRESSIVE-TYPE MODELS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF BARK BEETLE TRACKS SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE ANGULAR VARIATES; CHEMOTAXIS; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD; PHEROMONES; VON MISES DISTRIBUTION ID CHEMOTAXIS; REGRESSION AB When the progress of female bark beetles is followed in a small arena as they are attracted to a source emitting male pheromones, the variate that is of interest to biologists is the heading angle, i.e., the angle between the direction toward the source and the direction of forward motion. In the present paper we model the resulting angular time series variate using autoregressive-type models with von Mises random errors. Estimates of parameters for four data sets were obtained by maximizing a von Mises likelihood function. Plots of residuals developed after fitting first order models indicated some interesting behavioral differences between beetles in control groups and those in bioassays with strong pheromone attractants. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENTOMOL SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94701. RP PREISLER, HK (reprint author), USDA FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,POB 245,BERKELEY,CA 94701, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 808 17TH ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3910 SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD MAR PY 1995 VL 51 IS 1 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.2307/2533331 PG 9 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA QX733 UT WOS:A1995QX73300023 ER PT J AU GORE, JA SHIELDS, FD AF GORE, JA SHIELDS, FD TI CAN LARGE RIVERS BE RESTORED SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; FLOW REGULATION; RECOVERY; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; STREAMS C1 USDA,MID S AREA NATL SEDIMENTAT LAB,OXFORD,NC 27565. RP GORE, JA (reprint author), CONSERVANCY,DIV ENVIRONM PROTECT,1450 MERRIHUE DR,NAPLES,FL 33942, USA. NR 66 TC 164 Z9 172 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER INST BIOL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 730 11TH STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-4521 SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAR PY 1995 VL 45 IS 3 BP 142 EP 152 DI 10.2307/1312553 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA QH756 UT WOS:A1995QH75600007 ER PT J AU KULIK, MM DERY, PD AF KULIK, MM DERY, PD TI USE OF DAPI FOR ANASTOMOSIS GROUP TYPING OF STRAINS OF THE FUNGUS RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI SO BIOTECHNIC & HISTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE HYPHAL FUSION; ANASTOMOSIS; THANATEPHORUS CUCUMERIS; RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI ID HYPHAL ANASTOMOSIS; SAFRANIN-O; NUCLEAR; FUSION AB Strains of Rhizoctonia solani, a common soil-borne, pathogenic fungus of plants, are assigned to one of 11 anastomosis groups (AGs) based on the occurrence of imperfect fusions (anastomoses) between hyphae of a nontyped strain and a tester strain of one of the 11 AG's. Imperfect fusion is characterized by the death of one or more cells in each of the hyphae involved in the fusion, Although hyphae from branches of the same strain of R. solani may fuse with each other (self-fusion), cell death does not occur. Cell death is accompanied by nuclear degradation and granulation, or plasmolysis of the cytoplasm, which often is not visible using brightfield microscopy. When the DNA-binding fluorochrome DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is used and the hyphal fusions viewed under fluorescence microscopy, no nuclei are observed in fused hyphal cells from two strains of the same AG of R. solani. Because DAPI reacts only with living nuclei, lack of staining is presumptive evidence that the fused cells are dead as a result of imperfect fusion, The use of DAPI reduces the time required for making AG determinations compared to standard methods because it eliminates the need to assess cell wall dissolution and cytoplasmic fusion. Also, it is not necessary to trace the hyphae involved in the fusion to their respective origins to ensure that self-fusion has not occurred. C1 USDA ARS,BIOCONTROL PLANT DIS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP KULIK, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1052-0295 J9 BIOTECH HISTOCHEM JI Biotech. Histochem. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 70 IS 2 BP 95 EP 98 DI 10.3109/10520299509108324 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA RB786 UT WOS:A1995RB78600008 PM 7578595 ER PT J AU GNECCO, S MONTECINOS, M CID, R PAVLATH, A GREGORSKI, K TILLIN, S AF GNECCO, S MONTECINOS, M CID, R PAVLATH, A GREGORSKI, K TILLIN, S TI PYROLYSIS OF EUPHORBIA-COPIAPINA CONSTITUENTS WITH ZEOLITIC CATALYSTS SO BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD CHILENA DE QUIMICA LA English DT Article ID FUEL; OIL AB Euphorbia copiapina, a Chilean species growing in arid areas is a promising source of botanochemicals compounds. To assess the suitability of obtaining fuels, their extract was pyrolyzed catalytically. Zeolitic catalysts were chosen because they have shown to be more active and shape selective than conventional catalysts in the conversion of heavy hydrocarbons and also of methanol to fuels. Series of zeolites, faujasite-type, with different acidity and containing metals suitable for cracking, isomerization, dehydration and carbonyl reduction processes were synthesized and characterized. CH2Cl2 extracts from Euphorbia copiapina stem and leaves were pyrolyzed with the synthesized catalysts and ZSM-5, the zeolitic Mobil's catalyst, under different experimental conditions. Conversion degree and quality of the products were estimated by means of thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and combustion heat. Regarding the percentage of conversion and the heat of combustion of the pyrolytic products, under the conditions of this study, the catalysts that seemed to direct more efficiently the pyrolysis of the extracts of hydrocarbon producing plants to mixtures with interest as fuels or industrial chemicals, besides ZSM-5, were Mo(2)NaY and Co(1)Mo(0.5)NaY. C1 USDA, WESTERN REG RES CTR, ALBANY, CA 94710 USA. RP GNECCO, S (reprint author), UNIV CONCEPCION, FAC CIENCIAS QUIM, CASILLA 3-C, CONCEPCION, CHILE. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC CHILENA QUIMICA PI CONCEPCION PA CASILLA 2613, CONCEPCION, 00000, CHILE SN 0366-1644 J9 BOL SOC CHIL QUIM JI Bol. Soc. Chilena Quim. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 40 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA QV989 UT WOS:A1995QV98900007 ER PT J AU HARVEY, RB EDRINGTON, TS KUBENA, LF ELISSALDE, MH CORRIER, DE ROTTINGHAUS, GE AF HARVEY, RB EDRINGTON, TS KUBENA, LF ELISSALDE, MH CORRIER, DE ROTTINGHAUS, GE TI EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN AND DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL IN EWE LAMBS SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; TOXICITY; SHEEP C1 UNIV MISSOURI,VET MED DIAGNOST LAB,COLUMBIA,MO 65205. RP HARVEY, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,ROUTE 5,BOX 810,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 3 BP 325 EP 330 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA QD256 UT WOS:A1995QD25600001 PM 7749261 ER PT J AU EDRINGTON, TS HARVEY, RB KUBENA, LF AF EDRINGTON, TS HARVEY, RB KUBENA, LF TI TOXIC EFFECTS OF AFLATOXIN-B-1 AND OCHRATOXIN-A, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION, ON CHICKEN EMBRYOS SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMBRYOTOXICITY RP EDRINGTON, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,ROUTE 5,BOX 810,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 54 IS 3 BP 331 EP 336 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA QD256 UT WOS:A1995QD25600002 PM 7749262 ER PT J AU VROOMEN, H CANNING, PN AF VROOMEN, H CANNING, PN TI IMPACTS OF THE UNITED-STATES CANADIAN POTASH DISPUTE ON THE COSTS OF UNITED-STATES CROP PRODUCTION SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID INTERVENTION ANALYSIS; BUSINESS AB The 1987 U.S. antidumping case against Canadian potash producers has had a significant impact on the production costs of major potash-using crops in the United States. This paper examines these impacts for selected U.S. crops by way of a counterfactual analysis. A transfer function is used to model retail potash prices and the change in the series resulting from the case. Results indicate that expenditures on potash by U.S. farmers increased by an average US$0.08 per acre for wheat to US$1.78 for potatoes during 1988-92 (July-June). Overall, total U.S. potash expenditures increased by an estimated US$629.1 million over this period as a result of the antidumping case. C1 USDA ARS,ECON RES SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP VROOMEN, H (reprint author), FERTILIZER INST,ECON SERV,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 43 IS 1 BP 165 EP 177 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7976.1995.tb00114.x PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA RD269 UT WOS:A1995RD26900012 ER PT J AU GRAY, AN SPIES, TA AF GRAY, AN SPIES, TA TI WATER-CONTENT MEASUREMENT IN FOREST SOILS AND DECAYED WOOD USING TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC DETERMINATION; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MOISTURE; TDR; SENSITIVITY; ECOSYSTEMS; DEBRIS AB The use of time domain reflectometry to measure moisture content in forest soils and woody debris was evaluated. Calibrations were developed on undisturbed soil cores from four forest stands and on point samples from decayed logs. An algorithm for interpreting irregularly shaped traces generated by the reflectometer was also developed. Two different calibration equations were needed to estimate volumetric moisture content at the four sites, but commonly implicated soil characteristics (organic matter content, bulk density, and soil texture) could not fully account for the differences between calibrations. The calibrations differed from previously published calibrations for mineral and organic soils. Estimation of moisture content in decayed wood was possible with a single significant regression. The standard errors of estimate for volumetric water content were less than 0.02 m(3) . m(-3) for the soil calibrations and just over 0.06 m(3) . m(-3) for the decayed wood calibration. We found we could reliably interpret most traces from field samples using an automated algorithm, but had to use a modified algorithm for one of the sites. This study suggests a need to calibrate time domain reflectometry measurements for individual forest sites and advises caution when using systems that have preprogrammed calibration and trace analysis routines. C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP GRAY, AN (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT FOREST SCI,PEAVY HALL 154,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 31 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 376 EP 385 DI 10.1139/x95-042 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600002 ER PT J AU WILMOT, TR ELLSWORTH, DS TYREE, MT AF WILMOT, TR ELLSWORTH, DS TYREE, MT TI RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CROWN CONDITION, GROWTH, AND STAND NUTRITION IN 7 NORTHERN VERMONT SUGARBUSHES SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID FOLIAR NUTRIENT STATUS; SUGAR MAPLE; QUEBEC APPALACHIANS; FOREST DECLINE; DIEBACK; SOIL; FERTILIZATION; CHEMISTRY; ETIOLOGY AB We compared growth with soil and foliar elemental composition in seven stands of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) in northern Vermont characterized by high or low incidence of crown dieback over the period 1989-1992. In stands with low-quality crown conditions, such as elevated crown dieback, long-term basal area growth rates were approximately half of those in stands with higher crown quality. Average annual basal area growth was 17.5 cm(2) for dominant trees in these stands during the period 1953-1992 compared with 32.3 cm(2) for trees in higher quality stands. The occurrence of elevated crown dieback was apparently unrelated to stand characteristics such as stand age, basal area, stem density, elevation, or aspect among the stands sampled. Stands with elevated crown dieback were found on soils characterized by low pH (<4.0), low base cation pools (particularly Ca and Mg), and higher Al in soil surface horizons than higher quality stands. Over 4 years, sugar maple stands with elevated crown dieback exhibited significantly lower (P < 0.01) foliar Ca concentrations and somewhat lower foliar N and Mg than higher quality stands, while soil and foliar K were similar in both dieback classes. Among survey plots sampled in 1989, soil pH and Ca were strongly correlated with foliar Ca and K (P < 0.001). Soil pH, soil Ca, and foliar Ca were also strongly correlated with the level of crown dieback among plots and stands (P < 0.0001). Our results indicate that podzolic soils in northern Vermont may present marginal conditions for sugar maple growth in terms of soil pH and soil Ca availability, but that P and K pools appear to be sufficient for growth. While a lack of historical data prevents identification of long-term trends in nutrient availability in these soils, factors promoting losses of base cations from acidic, base-cation-poor Podzols may also exacerbate foliar nutrient deficiencies and thus affect the crown condition of sugarbushes in northern Vermont. C1 UNIV VERMONT,PROCTOR MAPLE RES CTR,UNDER HILL,VT 05402. UNIV VERMONT,DEPT BOT,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. US FOREST SERV,NE FOREST EXPT STN,BURLINGTON,VT. NR 42 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 386 EP 397 DI 10.1139/x95-043 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600003 ER PT J AU CARTER, GA REBBECK, J PERCY, KE AF CARTER, GA REBBECK, J PERCY, KE TI LEAF OPTICAL-PROPERTIES IN LIRIODENDRON-TULIPIFERA AND PINUS-STROBUS AS INFLUENCED BY INCREASED ATMOSPHERIC OZONE AND CARBON-DIOXIDE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; ELEVATED CO2; SLASH PINE; RED EDGE; LEAVES; RESPONSES; NITROGEN; INJURY AB Seedlings of Liriodendron tulipifera L. and Pinus strobus L. were grown in open-top chambers in the field to determine leaf optical responses to increased ozone (O-3) or O-3 and carbon dioxide (CO2). In both species, seedlings were exposed to charcoal-filtered air, air with 1.3 times ambient O-3 concentrations (1.3X), or air with 1.3 times ambient O-3 and 700 mu L . L(-1) CO2 (1.3X + CO2). Exposure to 1.3X increased reflectance in the 633-697 nm range in L. tulipifera. Also, 1.3X decreased transmittance within the 400-420 nm range, increased transmittance at 686-691 nm, and decreased absorptance at 655-695 nm. With 700 mu L . L(-1) CO2, O-3 did not affect reflectance in L. tulipifera, but decreased transmittance and increased absorptance within the 400-421 nm range and increased transmittance and decreased absorptance in the 694-697 nm range. Under 1.3X, reflectance in P. strobus was not affected. However, 1.3X + CO2 increased pine reflectance in the 538-647, 650, and 691-716 nm ranges. Transmittances and absorptances were not determined for P. strobus. Reflectance in both species, and transmittance and absorptance in L. tulipifera, were most sensitive to O-3 near 695 nm. Reflectance at 695 nm, but particularly the ratio of reflectance at 695 nm to reflectance at 760 nm, was related closely to ozone-induced decreases in leaf chlorophyll contents, particularly chlorophyll a (r(2) = 0.82). C1 US FOREST SERV,DELAWARE,OH 43015. NAT RESOURCES CANADA,CANADIAN FOREST SERV,MARITIMES REG,FREDERICTON,NB E3B 5P7,CANADA. RP CARTER, GA (reprint author), NASA,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 407 EP 412 DI 10.1139/x95-045 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600005 ER PT J AU KOROL, RL RUNNING, SW MILNER, KS AF KOROL, RL RUNNING, SW MILNER, KS TI INCORPORATING INTERTREE COMPETITION INTO AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID REGIONAL APPLICATIONS; PINUS-CONTORTA; GROWTH-MODELS; HEIGHT GROWTH; GENERAL-MODEL; TREE; STAND; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SIMULATION; DIAMETER AB Current research suggests that projected climate change may influence the growth of individual trees. Therefore, growth and yield models that can respond to potential changes in climate must be developed. TREE-BGC, a variant of the ecosystem process model FOREST-BGC, calculates the cycling of carbon, water, and nitrogen in and through forested ecosystems. TREE-BGC allocates stand-level estimates of photosynthesis to each tree using a competition algorithm that incorporates tree height, relative radiation-use efficiency, and absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. TREE-BGC simulated the growth of trees grown in a dense and an open stand of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) France) near Kamloops, B.C. The competition algorithm dynamically allocated stand estimates of photosynthesis to individual trees, and the trees were grown using an allometric relationship between biomass increment and height and diameter increment. Asymptotic height growth and the changes in the height-diameter relationship with competition were also incorporated in the model algorithms. Sapwood and phloem volume were used to calculate maintenance respiration. Predicted reductions in diameter growth with stand density were similar to those observed in the study stands. Although the carbon balance of individual trees was not tested, simulated tree diameter increments and height increments were correlated with the actual measurements of tree diameter increment (r(2) = 0.89) and tree height increment (r(2) = 0.78) for the 5-year period (n = 352). Although the model did not work well with trees that had diameters <5 cm, the model would be appropriate for a user who required an accuracy of +/-0.03 m(3) . ha(-1) for volume, +/-0.02 m(2) . ha(-1) for basal area, or +/-0.4 m for tree height over a 5-year period. C1 UNIV MONTANA,SCH FORESTRY,MISSOULA,MT 59812. RP KOROL, RL (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,1221 MAIN ST,MOSCOW,ID 83843, USA. NR 49 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 413 EP 424 DI 10.1139/x95-046 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600006 ER PT J AU ZARNOCH, SJ ANDERSON, RL SHEFFIELD, RM AF ZARNOCH, SJ ANDERSON, RL SHEFFIELD, RM TI USING THE BETA-BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION TO CHARACTERIZE FOREST HEALTH SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID TOXICOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS AB The beta-binomial distribution is suggested as a model for describing and analyzing the dichotomous data obtained from programs monitoring the health of forests in the United States. Maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters is given as well as asymptotic likelihood ratio tests. The procedure is illustrated with data on dogwood anthracnose infection (caused by Discula destructiva) in the southeastern United States. The parameter estimates have important biological interpretation, and tests of hypotheses are more meaningful than traditional statistical analyses. The value of a modeling approach to dichotomous data analysis is emphasized. C1 US FOREST SERV,SO REG,ASHEVILLE,NC 28802. RP ZARNOCH, SJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 462 EP 469 DI 10.1139/x95-051 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600011 ER PT J AU SHELTON, MG AF SHELTON, MG TI EFFECTS OF THE AMOUNT AND COMPOSITION OF THE FOREST FLOOR ON EMERGENCE AND EARLY ESTABLISHMENT OF LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; GROUND COVER; LITTER; SOIL AB Five forest floor weights (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 Mg/ha), three forest floor compositions (pine, pine-hardwood, and hardwood), and two seed placements (forest floor and soil surface) were tested in a three-factorial, split-plot design with four incomplete, randomized blocks. The experiment was conducted in a nursery setting and used wooden frames to define 0.145-m(2) subplots. Forest floor composition had no significant effect on emergence or establishment of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings. Numbers of emerging and established seedlings displayed a negative exponential relationship with forest floor weight (fit indices of 0.62 and 0.62, respectively). Seed placement significantly affected the number of emerging seedlings (forest floor > soil surface) and their survival (forest floor < soil surface). However, seed placement had no overall significant effect on the number of established seedlings because effects on emergence and survival essentially canceled out. Germination of herbaceous seeds in the soil bank also displayed a negative exponential trend with forest floor weight (fit indices of 0.46 and 0.50 for the weight of grasses and forbs, respectively) and was not significantly affected by forest floor composition. Results indicate that forest floor composition is not a factor in the natural regeneration of the pine component of mixed pine-hardwood stands and suggest that when pine seed production is adequate, moderate amounts of forest floor material will improve pine seedling development because of suppression of herbaceous vegetation. RP SHELTON, MG (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,BOX 3516,MONTICELLO,AR 71656, USA. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 480 EP 486 DI 10.1139/x95-053 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600013 ER PT J AU VANDEUSEN, PC AF VANDEUSEN, PC TI DIFFERENCE SAMPLING AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO IMPORTANCE SAMPLING SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID VOLUME AB An alternative to importance sampling is presented that is based on estimating differences between a model-based estimate and the actual quantity. Both sampling procedures are unbiased, and each is shown to have an advantage over the other in some situations. Difference sampling combines control variate methods with importance sampling and is flexible to apply. C1 US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,INST QUANTITAT STUDIES,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70113. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 25 IS 3 BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.1139/x95-054 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QY716 UT WOS:A1995QY71600014 ER PT J AU KIM, YI BRZEZINSKI, A BRANDWEIN, J BAKER, JP AF KIM, YI BRZEZINSKI, A BRANDWEIN, J BAKER, JP TI IMMUNE-MEDIATED NEUTROPENIA AND THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN A PATIENT WITH ULCERATIVE-COLITIS - AN UNUSUAL HEMATOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION WITH IBD SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Note DE IMMUNE-MEDIATED; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE; NEUTROPENIA; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; ULCERATIVE COLITIS AB Hematological manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are well described in the literature, However, the combination of immune-mediated neutropenia and thrombocytopenia has only been reported once in association with IBD. A case is reported of immune-mediated neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in a patient with ulcerative colitis during a relapse. No obvious causes of these hematological abnormalities were found in the patient despite an exhaustive search. An immune-mediated process was confirmed by positive antineutrophil antibody and platelet-associated antibody in the patient's serum, and the demonstration of binding of the patient's immunoglobulin G to autologous neutrophils. The patient was treated with. high-dose steroid, intravenous gammaglobulin and eventually splenectomy. The platelet count subsequently normalized; although the severe neutropenia recurred, it has subsequently improved without further treatment. Although a definitive cause-effect relationship cannot be established, the immune-mediated neutropenia and thrombocytopenia may be an unusual hematological manifestation associated with ulcerative colitis. RP KIM, YI (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,VITAMIN BIOAVAILABIL LAB,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDICARE PUBL INC, PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE ON L6J 7L6, CANADA SN 0835-7900 J9 CAN J GASTROENTEROL JI Can. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 96 EP 100 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QX058 UT WOS:A1995QX05800007 ER PT J AU ZABEL, CJ MCKELVEY, K WARD, JP AF ZABEL, CJ MCKELVEY, K WARD, JP TI INFLUENCE OF PRIMARY PREY ON HOME-RANGE SIZE AND HABITAT-USE PATTERNS OF NORTHERN SPOTTED OWLS (STRIX OCCIDENTALIS CAURINA) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; OREGON AB Correlations between the home-range size of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) and proportion of their range in old-growth forest have been reported, but there are few data on the relationship between their home-range size and prey. The primary prey of spotted owls are wood rats and northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus). Wood rats are larger and heavier than flying squirrels, and their population densities tend to be much greater than those of flying squirrels. We present data indicating that the home ranges of spotted owls are smaller where their diet consists predominantly of wood rats than where it consists predominantly of flying squirrels, and the proportion of the diet consisting of wood rats and flying squirrels explained significant variation in home-range size. We also found a significant correlation between home-range size and abundance of wood rats. These data indicate that prey species are a better predictor of home-range size than the proportion of older forest within spotted owl home ranges in the Klamath Province of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, an area that is predominantly late-successional forest. Differences in habitat use were also related to prey species. Where spotted owls foraged for wood rats, the results indicated a preference for habitat edges, but where they utilized flying squirrels no such patterns were apparent. C1 HUMBOLDT STATE UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE,ARCATA,CA 95521. RP ZABEL, CJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,1700 BAYVIEW DR,ARCATA,CA 95521, USA. NR 35 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 73 IS 3 BP 433 EP 439 DI 10.1139/z95-049 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA RE090 UT WOS:A1995RE09000004 ER PT J AU MORRIS, NM CATALANO, EA ANDREWS, BAK AF MORRIS, NM CATALANO, EA ANDREWS, BAK TI FT-IR DETERMINATION OF DEGREE OF ESTERIFICATION IN POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID CROSS-LINK FINISHING OF COTTON SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE FT-IR; DEGREE OF ESTERIFICATION; CROSS-LINK, FINISHING; COTTON; POLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS ID FORMALDEHYDE AB Cross-linking of cotton with polycarboxylic acids, applied with catalysts based on phosphorus-containing inorganic acids, produces fabrics with excellent smooth-drying properties and which release no formaldehyde at any stage of preparation or on storage. The reaction produces cellulose ester linkages and unreacted carboxylic acid groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the degree of esterification of polycarboxylic acids that occurred on cross-linking of cotton. The height of the carbonyl peak at 1730 cm(-1) was determined on the same treated fabrics after soaking in dilute acid to convert ionized groups to free acid and then in dilute base to convert free acid to carboxylate ion. The carbonyl peak for the base rinsed fabric (ester only) was ratioed against the same peak for the acid-rinsed fabric (total carbonyl, ester plus acid) to obtain a measure of the degree of esterification. This ratio minimizes the problems of different molar extinction coefficients that are encountered when peaks from different functional groups are used. C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70119. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD MAR PY 1995 VL 2 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA RX831 UT WOS:A1995RX83100003 ER PT J AU MCKENDRY, AL HENKE, GE FINNEY, PL AF MCKENDRY, AL HENKE, GE FINNEY, PL TI EFFECTS OF SEPTORIA LEAF BLOTCH ON SOFT PIED WINTER-WHEAT MILLING AND BAKING QUALITY SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID YIELD AB Septoria leaf blotch causes economic yield losses in wheat worldwide. Research on the impact of septoria leaf blotch on grain quality, however, has been limited to its effect on test weight. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of septoria leaf blotch severity on soft red winter wheat quality in cultivars with varying levels of resistance and to assess the impact of disease pressure on selection for improved quality in breeding programs. Twelve cultivars expressing a range of genetic resistance were grown in a split-plot design with four replicates in two Missouri environments. Cultivars were considered main plots. Five experimental subplot treatments, including a noninoculated unprotected control and plots with fungicide protection as well, as plots inoculated at tillering, jointing, and flag leaf, were used to establish a range of septoria leaf blotch severity. Increased disease pressure resulted in linear reductions in test weight (r=0.97**), milling quality (r=0.98**), adjusted flour yield (r=0.97**), and a linear increase in water absorption in the flour (r=0.95**). Increased disease severity also resulted in an increase in flour protein and a decrease in baking quality, however, the linear correlation coefficients were nonsignificant. The role of resistance genes for maintaining quality was important for milling quality but was negligible for baking quality. Cultivar by treatment interactions were due primarily to changes in magnitude and not in cultivar rank, which suggested that selection for milling and baking quality would be effective even when septoria leaf blotch disease pressure is high. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,SOFT WHEAT QUAL LAB,WOOSTER,OH. RP MCKENDRY, AL (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT AGRON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 26 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 2 BP 142 EP 146 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QQ226 UT WOS:A1995QQ22600002 ER PT J AU GLENN, GM IRVING, DW AF GLENN, GM IRVING, DW TI STARCH-BASED MICROCELLULAR FOAMS SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The present study was initiated to develop alternative methods of preparing microcellular starch-based foams from semirigid aqueous gels (aquagels) and to characterize the impact of the preparative method on the physical and mechanical properties of the foams. Semirigid aquagels were made from 8% solutions of wheat starch, corn starch, and high-amylose corn starch. The aquagels were freeze-dried or dehydrated in ethanol (alcogels), and either dried in air, extracted with liquid CO2 and dried in CO2 vapor, or critical point-dried (CPD). The wheat and corn starch foams prepared by air-drying alcogels had densities and mechanical properties similar to those that were extracted by liquid CO2 or the CPD samples. Foams of high-amylose corn starch could only be made from alcogels by liquid CO2 extraction and CPD. The mean densities of CPD wheat, corn, and high-amylose corn starch foams were 0.23, 0.24, and 0.10 g/cm(3), respectively. The compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of the foams were positively correlated with density. The wheat and corn starch foams were weaker under tension when compared to compression, due probably to the abundant voids and imperfections in the foam matrix that provided sites for cracks to propagate. Wheat and corn starch foams deformed under compressive stress also had a high range in elastic modulus (21-35 MPa) and low elastic recovery (13%) compared to freeze-dried and high-amylose corn starch samples (3-8 MPa and 27-36%, respectively). The range in thermal conductivity of the starch foams (0.024-0.043 W/m . K) was comparable to that of commercial insulation materials. The foam matrix was composed of pores (<2 mu m) defined by a network of strands in which were embedded remnants of starch granules. The remnants were most abundant in wheat and corn starch samples. Freeze-dried foams had large, nonuniform pores with a continuous cell-wall structure that conferred relatively high tensile strength. RP GLENN, GM (reprint author), USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 22 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 2 BP 155 EP 161 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QQ226 UT WOS:A1995QQ22600005 ER PT J AU PRATT, RC PAULIS, JW MILLER, K NELSEN, T BIETZ, JA AF PRATT, RC PAULIS, JW MILLER, K NELSEN, T BIETZ, JA TI ASSOCIATION OF ZEIN CLASSES WITH MAIZE KERNEL HARDNESS SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OPAQUE-2 MAIZE; GAMMA-ZEIN; ENDOSPERM; PROTEINS; QUANTITATION AB The association between maize kernel vitreosity (hardness) and the composition and content of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-zeins was investigated. F-2 populations from two pairs of reciprocal flint X floury crosses were fractionated according to density by flotation in sodium nitrate solutions. Zeins were extracted from these fractions and quantified by reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography. Statistical analyses indicated that F-2 genotype affected all zein classes. In addition, direction of cross affected alpha- and 16-kDa gamma-zeins, and the individual ears from which F-2 samples were obtained affected alpha-, beta-, and gamma-zein amounts and compositions. The strongest apparent correlation was a decrease in amount of 16-kDa gamma-zein as kernel density increased in F-2 kernels from the Papago Flour (floury)X Ross Early Flint (flint) cross. alpha-Zein levels correlated positively, but to a lesser extent, with kernel density in Fz kernels from the Papago Flour (floury)X Kantz Flint (flint) cross. In the reciprocal F-2 population, however, zein class and kernel density were not significantly correlated. Thus, while zein classes appear to relate to kernel hardness variation in specific normal maize genotypes, we found no consistent relationship between individual or total zeins and kernel density across all populations. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. RP PRATT, RC (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,DEPT AGRON,WOOSTER,OH 44691, USA. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 2 BP 162 EP 167 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QQ226 UT WOS:A1995QQ22600006 ER PT J AU GREENBLATT, GA BETTGE, AD MORRIS, CF AF GREENBLATT, GA BETTGE, AD MORRIS, CF TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENDOSPERM TEXTURE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF FRIABILIN AND BOUND POLAR LIPIDS ON WHEAT-STARCH SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GRANULE PROTEIN; SOFTNESS AB Endosperm texture affects the milling and end-use properties of wheat grain. A better understanding of the physical-chemical mechanism and the genetic control of endosperm texture in wheat would aid in breeding, marketing, and utilization of grain. Here, we report on the relationship between endosperm texture and the occurrence of friabilin, a family of 15-kDa proteins, and bound glyco- and phospho-lipids on water-washed wheat starch. These two classes of bound polar lipids follow the same pattern of occurrence as friabilin: approximately equal levels in soft and hard wheat flour, much reduced levels in water-washed soft wheat starch compared to flour, and much reduced levels in hard wheat starch compared to soft. The type and quantity of these bound polar lipids is highly conserved among both soft and hard wheat starches. Further, these lipids are implicated in the interaction of friabilin with soft wheat starch. Propan-2-ol and water (90:10), which is effective in removing bound polar lipids from starch, renders most friabilin components extractable with an aqueous salt solution. These results suggest that most friabilin components interact with starch through lipid-mediated hydrophobic interactions and ionic interactions. In addition, the results provide both an additional biochemical marker for grain softness and new insight into the possible physical-chemical mechanism and the genetic control of endosperm texture in wheat. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,WESTERN WHEAT QUAL LAB,PULLMAN,WA 99164. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,PULLMAN,WA 99164. NR 14 TC 102 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 2 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QQ226 UT WOS:A1995QQ22600008 ER PT J AU DELWICHE, SR BEAN, MM MILLER, RE WEBB, BD WILLIAMS, PC AF DELWICHE, SR BEAN, MM MILLER, RE WEBB, BD WILLIAMS, PC TI APPARENT AMYLOSE CONTENT OF MILLED RICE BY NEAR-INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOISTURE; PROTEIN; WHEAT AB Amylose content is considered to be the most important factor influencing cooking and processing characteristics of rice. Traditional methods for measurement entail titrimetric, amperometric, or colorimetric measurement of an iodine-binding complex of solubilized starch, but these methods are time-consuming and prone to random error. A method for determining apparent amylose content (AAC), based on the near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectrum (1,100-2,498 nm) of ground milled rice, was developed on a diverse population of 50 commercial rice varieties or experimental lines grown in the five major rice-producing states of the United States. Three laboratories possessing NIR spectrophotometers participated in a cooperative study. Each laboratory ground, scanned, and developed AAC models by partial least squares analysis, using common sets of samples for calibration (n = 150) and validation (n = 97). Validation set statistics typically indicated r(2) = 0.95 and standard error = 1.0% AAC for models consisting of 16-18 factors. Within-laboratory repeatability error of the NIR method was comparable to the reference colorimetric method. Between-laboratory reproducibility error (0.5% AAC) indicated that the NIR models were consistent across laboratories. Such accuracies are considered sufficient for selection in rice breeding programs. C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. USDA ARS,RICE QUAL LAB,BEAUMONT,TX. CANADIAN GRAIN COMMISS,GRAIN RES LAB,WINNIPEG,MB,CANADA. RP DELWICHE, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 20 TC 66 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 72 IS 2 BP 182 EP 187 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QQ226 UT WOS:A1995QQ22600010 ER PT J AU SCHANLER, RJ AF SCHANLER, RJ TI SUITABILITY OF HUMAN-MILK FOR THE LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANT SO CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; OWN MOTHERS MILK; FORTIFIED HUMAN-MILK; FEEDING PREMATURE-INFANTS; EXPRESSED BREAST-MILK; BONE-MINERAL CONTENT; FED PRETERM INFANTS; BANKED HUMAN-MILK; FATTY-ACIDS; PROTEIN QUANTITY AB Information is emerging now that supports the use of human milk for low-birthweight (LBW) infants. The nutritional benefits, in terms of protein digestion, amino and fatty acid patterns, fat absorption, and lactose digestion are recognized. Gastrointestinal function may be enhanced with human milk feeding. Profound effects on host defense, including a reduction in the rates of neonatal infection and necrotizing enterocolitis, recently have been acknowledged. To enable the LBW infant to continue to receive a mother's own milk, attention needs to be focused on specific nutrient limitations. Calcium and phosphorous require supplementation. Protein and sodium supplements may be needed. Commercial formulations are available that enable the fortification of human milk. Approaches that facilitate the feeding of a mother's own milk should be adopted by neonatal units. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NEONATOL SECT,HOUSTON,TX. RP SCHANLER, RJ (reprint author), BAYLOR UNIV,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,1100 BATES ST,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-00188] NR 100 TC 60 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 7 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0095-5108 J9 CLIN PERINATOL JI Clin. Perinatol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 22 IS 1 BP 207 EP 222 PG 16 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA QN785 UT WOS:A1995QN78500013 PM 7781253 ER PT J AU MILLER, SG SILHACEK, DL AF MILLER, SG SILHACEK, DL TI RIBOFLAVIN BINDING-PROTEINS AND FLAVIN ASSIMILATION IN INSECTS SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE INSECT; VERTEBRATE; RIBOFLAVIN; FLAVINS; BINDING PROTEINS; TRANSPORT; ASSIMILATION ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; STORAGE PROTEINS; ARTHROPOD HEMOCYANINS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; EGG-WHITE; HEMOLYMPH; SEQUENCE; PLASMA; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; IDENTIFICATION AB Recent studies on developmentally regulated hemolymph proteins in insects have shown that two proteins, a lipoprotein and a member of a hexamerin gene family, bind riboflavin. The biosynthesis, developmental regulation, and properties of these proteins are described and compared with the riboflavin-binding proteins and flavin distributions in vertebrates. The importance of riboflavin-binding proteins in insect development is discussed in relation to existing information and avenues for future research are presented. RP MILLER, SG (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604, USA. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol B-Biochem. Molec. Biol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 110 IS 3 BP 467 EP 475 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(94)00184-V PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA QM156 UT WOS:A1995QM15600001 PM 7584823 ER PT J AU GADELHAK, GG PEDIBHOTLA, VK ROSARIO, RMT THOMAS, GD STANLEYSAMUELSON, DW AF GADELHAK, GG PEDIBHOTLA, VK ROSARIO, RMT THOMAS, GD STANLEYSAMUELSON, DW TI THE INFLUENCE OF BLOOD MEALS ON ACCUMULATION OF ARACHIDONIC-ACID BY ADULT STABLE FLIES SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE STABLE FLIES; STOMOXYS CALCITRANS; BLOOD MEALS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; FATTY ACIDS; ARACHIDONIC ACID; EICOSANOIDS ID UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; EICOSANOIDS; TISSUES; METABOLISM; MOSQUITOS; INSECTS; WILD AB We investigated the influence of blood meals on accumulation of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), 20:4n-6, by adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). The fatty acid compositions of phospholipids (PLs) and triacylglycerols (TGs) prepared from adult male and female stable flies that had been maintained either with or without blood meals were determined, and incorporation of exogenous radioactive fatty acids into tissue lipids of adults was monitored. The major PL components were 16:0, 16:1, 18:1 and 18:2n-6. Two C-20 PUFAs, 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3 were associated with PLs in the 1-5% range. The major TG components were 14:0 and 16:1. Although absence of the normal adult blood meals influenced the overall fatty acid profiles of male and female stable flies, proportions of C-20 PUFAs in PLs of blood-fed flies were not substantially higher than proportions of C-20 PUFAs in their sucrose-fed counterparts. The fatty acid incorporation studies indicate that the ability to incorporate exogenous fatty acids is decreased in older adult stable flies. We conclude that the larval stages of stable flies are more important for accumulation of C-20 PUFAs than the adult stages. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ENTOMOL,INSECT BIOCHEM PHYSIOL LAB,LINCOLN,NE 68583. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ENTOMOL,USDA ARS,MIDWEST LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol B-Biochem. Molec. Biol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 110 IS 3 BP 613 EP 621 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(94)00181-S PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA QM156 UT WOS:A1995QM15600019 ER PT J AU DAVIS, TA NGUYEN, HV COSTA, DP REEDS, PJ AF DAVIS, TA NGUYEN, HV COSTA, DP REEDS, PJ TI AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION OF PINNIPED MILK SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AMINO ACIDS; DIET; LACTATION; MILK; NUTRITION; OTARIID; PHOCID; PINNIPED; PROTEIN ID PROTEIN AB The total amino acid concentration and the amino acid pattern, i.e. the relative proportion of each amino acid (protein-bound plus free) to the total amino acids, in the milks of the Northern elephant seal, Antarctic fur seal, California sea lion, and Australian sea lion were determined. Total amino acid concentration was 10% (w/v) or greater and did not vary significantly among species. The most abundant amino acids in the milks of all species were glutamate, proline and leucine, Essential amino acids were 40%, branched-chain amino acids were 20%, and sulfur amino acids were 4% of the total milk amino acids in all species. There were differences among the pinnipeds in some of the individual amino acids; the milk of the Northern elephant seal was the most distinct among the pinnipeds with higher histidine, serine and cystine contents and a lower methionine content than that of other pinnipeds. There was little effect of stage of lactation on total amino acid concentration or amino acid pattern in pinniped milk. Comparison of milk from the four pinniped species with that of 14 other mammalian species suggests commonality in milk amino acid pattern despite the wide variation in total amino acid concentration among the species. C1 LONG MARINE LAB,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95060. RP DAVIS, TA (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,1100 BATES ST,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol B-Biochem. Molec. Biol. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 110 IS 3 BP 633 EP 639 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(94)00162-N PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA QM156 UT WOS:A1995QM15600022 PM 7584837 ER PT J AU RIJ, RE FORNEY, CF AF RIJ, RE FORNEY, CF TI PHYTOTOXOCITY OF VAPOR-PHASE HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE TO THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPES AND BOTRYTIS-CINEREA SPORES SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE VITIS VINIFERA; DISCOLORATION; FIRMNESS; SOLUBLE SOLIDS; WEIGHT LOSS AB The tolerance of Botrytis cinerea Pers. spores and Thompson Seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) to vapour phase hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 vapour) at various concentrations and temperatures was determined. The germination rate of botrytis spores decreased logarithmically with exposure time to H2O2 vapour. Treatments of 0.27 and 0.55 mg l(-1) H2O2 vapour at 20 or 30 degrees C, respectively, required 10.5 and 5.7 min to kill 99% of the spores. Grapes did not develop visible injury until they were exposed to 0.55 mg l(-1) H2O2 vapour for 6 h at 40 degrees C. Injury developed as a yellow-brown discoloration of the fruit and stems. Discoloration increased with time of exposure and concentration of H2O2 vapour. High treatment temperatures also increased the rate of discoloration. Prolonged exposure to H2O2 vapour caused increased water loss and loss of firmness of the grapes. Grapes were able to tolerate exposures of 0.27 mg l(-1) H2O2 vapour at 40 degrees C for 24 h with no visible injury. The difference in the tolerance of botrytis spores and grapes to H2O2 vapour may allow its use to control botrytis bunch rot in stored table grapes. C1 AGR CANADA,RES STN,KENTVILLE,NS B4N 1J5,CANADA. RP RIJ, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS,HORT CROPS RES LAB,2021 S PEACH AVE,FRESNO,CA 93727, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 2 BP 131 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0261-2194(95)92867-M PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QL541 UT WOS:A1995QL54100006 ER PT J AU BELANT, JL GABREY, SW DOLBEER, RA SEAMANS, TW AF BELANT, JL GABREY, SW DOLBEER, RA SEAMANS, TW TI METHYL ANTHRANILATE FORMULATIONS REPEL GULLS AND MALLARDS FROM WATER SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS; LARUS; METHYL ANTHRANILATE; REPELLENT, WATER ID DIMETHYL ANTHRANILATE; BIRD REPELLENT; FEED AB Two formulations of methyl anthranilate (MA), one (ReJex-iT(TM) TP-40 [TP-40]) containing a surfactant, the other (ReJex-iT(TM) AP-50 [AP-50]) a miscible, free-flowing powder, effectively repelled captive mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from pools of water in pen tests, and/or free-ranging gulls (Larus delawarensis and L. argentatus) from pools of water in field trials for 4-11 days. With one exception, pool entries and bill contacts with water were reduced (p less than or equal to 0.02) in pools treated with both formulations compared with untreated pools. Overall gull activity was reduced (p less than or equal to 0.01) when all available water was treated with AP-50. Effectiveness of TP-40 (v/v) was similar to the previously reported effectiveness of powdered formulations where MA concentrations were 1.6-3.0 times (gig) greater, a consequence of the surfactant concentrating MA at the surface. These tests indicate that MA-based formulations might have utility at airports and perhaps other locations where it is desirable to reduce bird activity in temporary pools of water. C1 USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,SANDUSKY,OH 44870. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAR PY 1995 VL 14 IS 2 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0261-2194(95)92873-L PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QL541 UT WOS:A1995QL54100012 ER PT J AU WATERWORTH, H DONNELLY, K AF WATERWORTH, H DONNELLY, K TI PROCESSING FOREIGN TURFGRASS GERMPLASM THROUGH FEDERAL QUARANTINE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Foreign germplasm will continue to be an important component of turfgrass breeding programs. Hundreds of alien pathogens overseas are not found in the USA, and some are responsible for major economically devastating losses. Vegetative propagules, but not imported seeds of turfgrass genera, are quarantined on arrival in the USA. They are closely observed for insects and diseases, and are tested for some 50 viruses reported worldwide to infect grasses. Two virus-indexing tests are conducted in duplicate under quarantine control 6 to 12 mo apart. They are (i) mechanical transmission of viruses in extracted sap to eight genera of monocots (herbaceous test) such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and corn (Zea mays L.), each of which is sensitive to one or more viruses, and (ii) sap examination under the electron microscope (EM) for the presence of virus particles. More than 95% of the accessions are released from quarantine after completion of 12 to 18 mo of virus testing. Status of quarantined germplasm is maintained in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), which any U.S. scientist can access via computer. Processing turfgrass germplasm through quarantine Hill continue to be an important component of the Federal program of safeguarding exotic germplasm introduction and eventual introgression. RP WATERWORTH, H (reprint author), USDA ARS,GLENN DALE,MD 20769, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 309 EP 313 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600002 ER PT J AU HANNA, WW AF HANNA, WW TI CENTIPEDEGRASS - DIVERSITY AND VULNERABILITY SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The genus Eremochloa consists of eight species of which only centipedegrass [E. ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.] is cultivated for turf. In the USA, the genetic base for this species is narrow because most of the centipedegrass grown originates from a single accession Introduced as seed from China as a result of a plant exploration trip by Frank Meyer in 1916. Introduction of centipedegrass from the area of origin, central to southern China, has been limited and sporadic. Morphological variation has been increased in this species by irradiating seed with gamma radiation and by developing a random mating population among 31 foreign introductions and 24 domestic selections. A systematic germplasm collecting expedition in the area of origin is needed for this species. RP HANNA, WW (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,USDA ARS,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 332 EP 334 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600007 ER PT J AU CREECH, RG JENKINS, JN TANG, B LAWRENCE, GW MCCARTY, JC AF CREECH, RG JENKINS, JN TANG, B LAWRENCE, GW MCCARTY, JC TI COTTON RESISTANCE TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE .1. PENETRATION AND REPRODUCTION SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Nematode parasitism of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has become increasingly important because of yield losses and increased distribution across cotton production regions. Penetration and reproduction of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood, Race 3, was compared on three cotton genotypes differing in level of resistance: M-8, susceptible to root-knot; M-78 (M-78RNR), moderately resistant; and M-315 (M-315RNR), resistant. Responses were characterized by penetration of plant roots by root-knot nematode juveniles and by reproduction, measured as number of eggs, egg-masses per plant, and eggs per egg-mass. Susceptible, moderately resistant, and highly resistant cotton genotypes were penetrated about equally by juveniles. Production of egg-masses, eggs per egg-mass, and eggs per plant by nematodes were different among the three cotton genotypes. The development of egg masses was delayed in M-78 and M-315 as compared with M-8, with the greatest delay and prevention of the formation of significant numbers of egg-masses in the highly resistant M-315. Production of eggs and second-stage infective juveniles in the moderately resistant M-78 were sufficient to contribute significantly to the build-up of the next generation of root-knot populations in cotton production fields. Reproduction on M-315 was so low that nematode populations would be expected to decrease significantly under continuous culture. M-315 possesses two major genes for resistance and is a valuable source of root-knot nematode resistance for cotton improvement programs. These genes in combination do not alter penetration of the root-knot nematode juvenile stage into cotton roots, but do have major negative effects on survival and reproduction of the nematodes. C1 USDA ARS,CROP SCI RES LAB,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. RP CREECH, RG (reprint author), MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,POB 9555,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 365 EP 368 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600012 ER PT J AU JENKINS, JN CREECH, RG TANG, B LAWRENCE, GW MCCARTY, JC AF JENKINS, JN CREECH, RG TANG, B LAWRENCE, GW MCCARTY, JC TI COTTON RESISTANCE TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE .2. POST-PENETRATION DEVELOPMENT SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, damages cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., roots, affecting water and nutrient uptake and predisposing the plants to other soilborne pathogens. Post-penetration development of RKN was compared on three genotypes. Susceptible M-8, moderately resistant M-78, and highly resistant M-315, were grown in a greenhouse in a Wickham sandy soil (a fine, loamy, mixed thermic, Typic Hapludult) and inoculated with second-stage juveniles. RKN in each of 7 developmental stages were counted every 2 d for 44 d. At 18 DAI, 70, 45, and 6% of RKN present were adults in M-8, M-78, and M-315, respectively. In addition to slower development of RKN in M-315, resistance is expressed by significantly fewer developing third and fourth stage juveniles at 8 DAI and fewer developing to mature females at about 24 DAI. Most RKN that penetrated M-315 failed to establish and/or maintain giant cells. However, a few females established giant cells. At 44 DAI, the numbers of egg-laying females on M-8, M-78, and M-315 were 299, 144, and 5, respectively. There were significantly fewer root galls on M-315 than on M-78 or M-8 beginning 10 DAI, and significantly fewer on M-78 than or M-8 at 40 DAI. Galls were significantly smaller on A M-315 than on M-78 or Mg beginning 8 DAI, and significantly smaller on M-78 than on M-8 beginning 18 DAI. Thus, the post-penetration development of root-knot nematode was slower, fewer developed to adult females, and root galls were fewer and smaller on the resistant genotypes than on the susceptible M-8. C1 MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. RP JENKINS, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROP SCI RES LAB,POB 5367,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 23 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 369 EP 373 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600013 ER PT J AU MCPHERSON, GR JENKINS, JN MCCARTY, JC WATSON, CE AF MCPHERSON, GR JENKINS, JN MCCARTY, JC WATSON, CE TI COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE RESISTANCE IN COTTON SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLANTS AB The southern root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, is a serious pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This study determined the combining abilities of eight cotton lines for RKN resistance. The 28 possible single crosses among the susceptible M8, the adapted resistant M-315 RNR, and the day-neutral converted primitive resistant lines M19-RNR, M25-RNR, M75-RNR, M78-RNR, M188-RNR, and M487-RNR were evaluated for resistance in two greenhouse environments. Number of eggs per plant was determined on the basis of a eve-pot row 40 d after planting one seed per 250-cm(-3) pot 7 d after each pot was inoculated with 10 000 Race 3 RKN eggs. Since the relative plant resistance to RKN is inversely proportional to RKN reproduction, negative combining ability effects indicated resistance. The general combining ability (GCA) effects were highest for M-315 RNR. Specific combining ability (SCA) effects of six hybrids were significant in both environments. The SCA effects for M8 crossed with M-315 RNR or M75-RNR were negative, while the SCA effect of M-315 RNR with M75-RNR was positive. Although M-315 RNR and M75-RNR had the highest GCA, the two lines combined poorly together suggesting that they may have the same resistance genes. The SCA effects for his crossed with M78-RNR and M188-RNR were positive, while the SCA effect of M78-RNR with M188-RNR was negative. This suggests that M78-RNR and M188-RNR may have different resistance genes that combined to produce progeny more resistant than predicted from the GCA effects. C1 USDA ARS,CROP SCI RES LAB,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. CHEMBRED INC,PHOENIX,AZ 85044. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 373 EP 375 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600014 ER PT J AU TYLER, JM AF TYLER, JM TI ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF STEM CANKER RESISTANCE IN SOYBEAN PLANT INTRODUCTIONS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INHERITANCE AB Stem canker caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. f. sp. meridionalis Morgan-Jones can cause significant yield losses in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the southern USA. Many genotypes are known to be resistant to the disease; however, little is known about the inheritance of resistance and allelic relationships of genes conferring resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of resistance in two germplasm accessions, PI 230976 and PI 398469, and define allelic relationships with the four described genes. Each PI was crossed with a susceptible genotype, J77-339, and the four lines carrying Rdc1, Rdc2, Rdc3, or Rdc4. Crosses were made in the field at Stoneville, MS, in 1992, and F-1 backcrosses to J77-339 were made in 1993. Plants of parents and 10 F-2 populations were toothpick inoculated in the held in 1993. The F-2:3 and backcross populations were later evaluated in a greenhouse. The Fz populations derived from J77-339 x PI 230976 and J77-339 x PI 398469 approached a 3 resistant/1 susceptible ratio indicating that a single dominant gene for resistance is carried by each plant introduction. The F-3 data confirmed this result. Backcross data substantiated complete dominance. Response of all F-2 populations derived from crosses with genotypes carrying known genes suggested a 15:1 ratio indicating nonallelism. It is not known if both plant introductions carry the same gene. These sources of resistance may lessen genetic vulnerability should new virulent isolates overcome sources now used by breeders. RP TYLER, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOYBEAN PROD RES UNIT,POB 196,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 376 EP 377 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600015 ER PT J AU TOWNSEND, CE AF TOWNSEND, CE TI RECURRENT SELECTION FOR EXTENDED PLANT HEIGHT AND HERBAGE YIELD IN CICER MILKVETCH SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE YIELD; QUALITY; ALFALFA AB Cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) produces about 50% of its total herbage in the first harvest and only about 12% in the third harvest under a three-harvest regime. The photoperiod-induced-dormancy response offers an opportunity to improve herbage yield during the third growth period (1 August-10 September). Therefore, the objective of this study was to improve herbage yield during the third growth period without sacrificing yield in the other two growth periods. This study was conducted with spaced-plants under irrigation near Fort Collins, CO, from 1984 through 1990. Extended plant height (length of longest stem) relative to the cultivar Monarch was increased 105, 108, and 114% in the first, second, and third harvests, respectively, by two cycles of recurrent selection. Mean plant herbage yield relative to Monarch was increased 113, 107, 116, and 111% for the first, second, and third harvests and for total yield, respectively, by two cycles of recurrent selection. Although herbage yield was increased substantially in the third harvest, simultaneous increases in the first and second harvests resulted in no difference for seasonal distribution of total yield. The 15 clones with the best performing polycross progenies for extended plant height and herbage yield were used as parents for the cultivar Windsor. Recurrent selection for lack of the photoperiod-induced-dormancy trait was an effective procedure for improving extended plant height and herbage yield of cicer milkvetch during the third growth period of a three-harvest system. RP TOWNSEND, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,1701 CTR AVE,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 415 EP 421 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600023 ER PT J AU ROWE, DE AF ROWE, DE TI CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE POPULATION SELECTED ON RATIO CRITERION .1. TRAITS WITH EQUAL GENETIC VARIANCES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WHEAT AB In breeding, multiple trait selection is often a complex problem. One straightforward possibility when selecting for two traits is to base selection on the ratio of two trait values, particularly if the ratio has a biological or economic interpretation. In this study, selection was simulated on the ratio of two polygenically inherited Traits X and Y which were normally distributed and had genetic variances of one. The criterion for selection was the ratio (X/Y). The research objectives were to determine in the selected elite population (i) the responses of the numerator and denominator traits and the ratio, per se, to increasing selection pressure, (ii) the effect of genetic correlation between two traits on ratio selection, and (iii) the selection differentials of ratio trait for estimation of realized heritability. When the two traits had equal variances and means, selection to increase the ratio caused a greater decrease in the mean value of the denominator trait than an increase in the numerator trait. Conversely, selection to decrease the ratio always decreased the mean of the numerator trait more than it increased the denominator trait. For a highly negative genetic correlation (-0.75) between traits, the selection response of the ratio was maximized. When genetic correlation was 0.50 or 0.75, the response of one component trait was near zero. The standardized selection differential for the ratio trait, in comparison with the normally distributed trait, was biased upwards with selection for increased ratio and biased downwards with selection for decreased ratio. RP ROWE, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 425 EP 430 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600025 ER PT J AU KLINDWORTH, DL WILLIAMS, ND DUYSEN, ME AF KLINDWORTH, DL WILLIAMS, ND DUYSEN, ME TI GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF CHLORINA MUTANTS OF DURUM-WHEAT SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CD3 MUTANT; CHLOROPHYLL AB Chlorina mutants are useful for studies of photosynthesis and as genetic markers. Three chlorophyll-deficient-durum mutants (CDd1, CDd2, and CDd6) or tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) that have the chlorina phenotype have been identified. The objectives of this study were to determine the inheritance, chromosomal location, and allelic relationships of the CDd mutants, and to determine if the mutated locus in CDd6 was allelic to the cn-A1 locus of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.). To determine the inheritance and allelic relationships of the mutant genes, the mutants were intercrossed and crossed to 'Langdon' durum. The CDd6 mutant was crossed to Chlorina-1, a chlorina mutant of hexaploid wheat. Chromosomal location of the mutant genes in CDd1 and CDd6 were determined by crossing the mutants to Group 7 aneuploids of Langdon. The F-2 segregation indicated monogenic inheritance of each CDd mutation. The mutations in CDd1 and CDd2 were allelic, and dosage effects indicated that CDd6 was homoeoallelic to CDd1 and CDd2. The mutation in CDd1 was located in chromosome arm 7BL, and the mutation in CDd6 was located in chromosome arm 7AL. The mutation in CDd6 was allelic or tightly linked to the En-Al locus of hexaploid wheat. Because the mutations in CDd1 and CDd2 were homoeoallelic to the mutation in CDd6, CDd1, and CDd2 were probably mutations of the cn-B1 locus. C1 USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,STATE UNIV STN,FARGO,ND 58105. N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT BOT CROP & WEED SCI,FARGO,ND 58105. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 431 EP 436 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600026 ER PT J AU SHOEMAKER, RC SPECHT, JE AF SHOEMAKER, RC SPECHT, JE TI INTEGRATION OF THE SOYBEAN MOLECULAR AND CLASSICAL GENETIC-LINKAGE GROUPS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MARKERS; ASSOCIATION; CULTIVARS; TRAITS; LOCI; MAP AB To initiate the profess of map integration, we used data from a Glycine max x G. max mapping population that had segregating markers at seven pigmentation (D1 D2 G1 L1 T Y9), six morphological (Dt1 E2 Lf1 Ln P1 Pd1), and seven isozyme (Aco4 Enp Idh1 Mdh Mpi Pgi Pgm1) loci (underscoring indicates marker members of the classical map). The parents of this population were two multi-marker strains, one a near-isogenic line (NIL) of the cultivar Clark, and the other a NIL of the cultivar Harosoy. Sixty F-2.3 progeny lines were characterized for allelic status at the 20 classical loci, 8 RAPD loci, and 110 RFLP loci; the latter previously mapped in the G. mar x G. soja mapping population. The computer program JoinMap was used to pool the linkage data obtained in both populations and to build consensus linkage groups. As a result of these analyses, marker T of classical linkage group 1 (CLG-1) was assigned to molecular linkage group c2 (MLG-C2), marker P1 of CLG-2 to MLG-k, markers Dt1 and L1 of CLG-5 to MLG-1, marker Y9 of CLG-14 to MLG-e, and marker Mpi of CLG-18 to MLG-g. Probes A702 and B219, which had detected two MLG-b1 markers (i.e., A702-1 and B219-1) in the G. max x G. soja population, detected two different (homoeologous?) markers (i.e., A702-2 and B219-4) in the Clark x Harosoy population, and these were linked to markers G, D1, and Pd1 of CLG-3. Markers Ln and Enp of CLG-4 were Linked to two RFLP markers, but the MLG association was ambiguous because in the G. mar x G. soja map one of the RFLP markers mapped to MLG-f and the other mapped to MLG-i. With the CLG to MLG assignments made in this study, plus others that can be inferred from the recent literature, about half of the 19 soybean CLGs can now be associated with a corresponding MLG. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,USDA ARS,AMES,IA 50011. NR 21 TC 122 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 436 EP 446 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600027 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, RC MUEHLBAUER, FJ SIMON, CJ AF JOHNSON, RC MUEHLBAUER, FJ SIMON, CJ TI GENETIC-VARIATION IN WATER-USE EFFICIENCY AND ITS RELATION TO PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTIVITY IN LENTIL GERMPLASM SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; GAS-EXCHANGE; WHEAT; PLANT AB Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) is predominantly grown in semi-arid regions, and improving water-use efficiency (WUE, dry matter/transpiration) has been of longstanding interest. Our objective was to evaluate germplasm for WUE and determine how WUE was related to photosynthesis and yield. In greenhouse experiments, variation in carbon isotope discrimination (Delta), a potential estimator of WUE, was observed among 32 diverse lentil accessions. Direct determinations of the leaf net CO2 assimilation to stomatal conductance ratio (A/gCO(2)) and WUE showed that PI 477921 cv. Redchief, with low Delta, had higher A/gCO(2) and WUE than PI 543920 cv. Crimson with high Delta. Negative correlations (n = 20) were found between AlgCO(2) and Delta (r = -0.65**), and WUE and Delta (r = -0.61**). Values of Delta were also correlated with root to shoot ratios (r = 0.89**), indicating that high WUE and increased dry matter partitioning to shoots were related. Nine germplasm accessions were grown in the field at Pullman, WA, in 1991 and at Central Ferry, WA, in 1992. Grain weight was positively correlated with total shoot weight (including grain) at Pullman (r = 0.94**, n = 9) and with harvest index (HI) at Central Ferry (r = 0.79**, n = 9). At Central Ferry, Delta and HI were positively correlated (r = 0.67**, n = 9), indicating an association between increased dry matter partitioning to grain and lower WUE. The results show that genetic variation for WUE is present in lentil germplasm and can be estimated by Delta; however, Delta was not correlated with grain weight at either location. Because shoot weight and HI were more closely associated with yield than Delta, these traits would apparently be more effective for improving lentil productivity than selection for WUE. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, GRAIN LEGUME GENET & PHYSIOL UNIT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. RP JOHNSON, RC (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, USDA ARS, PLANT GERMPLASM INTRODUCT & TESTING UNIT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 457 EP 463 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600030 ER PT J AU OLIEN, CR CLARK, JL AF OLIEN, CR CLARK, JL TI FREEZE-INDUCED CHANGES IN CARBOHYDRATES ASSOCIATED WITH HARDINESS OF BARLEY AND RYE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FRUCTAN METABOLISM; STRESS; WINTER; CROWNS; WHEAT AB Deficiencies in winter hardiness of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with respect to osmotic and adhesive components of freeze stress might be improved by genetic transfer of specific traits from rye (Secale cereale L.). These protective traits may include the hydrolysis of fructan for accumulation and secretion of sugars. The objectives of this research were (i) to measure total and intercellular water soluble carbohydrates (CHO), sucrose, glucose, fructose, and fructan, in 'Hudson' barley and 'Rosen' rye by ethanol/water extraction of plants and by perfusion of crowns; and (ii) to estimate relief of freeze stress caused by adhesive and osmotic energies. Carbohydrates were detected and quantified by refractometry after high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Freezing (-3 degrees C, 4 d) caused a greater change in the molar concentration of CHOs in rye than in barley extracts (26 vs. 16% increase, respectively), which would proportionally decrease freeze dehydration. The sugars perfused from frozen plants consisted of a higher proportion of monosaccharides in rye than barley, which would result in a greater potential for relief of adhesion. These mechanisms involve increase of sugar content in locations which relieve critical freeze stress. RP OLIEN, CR (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,USDA ARS,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 496 EP 502 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600036 ER PT J AU SHATTERS, RG WEST, SH AF SHATTERS, RG WEST, SH TI RESPONSE OF DIGITARIA-DECUMBENS LEAF CARBOHYDRATE-LEVELS AND GLUCAN DEGRADING ENZYMES TO CHILLING NIGHT TEMPERATURE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BUNDLE SHEATH-CELLS; DIURNAL CHANGES; HIGHER-PLANTS; LEAVES; SUCROSE; STARCH; WHEAT; LOCALIZATION; EXPRESSION; SYNTHASE AB Experiments were performed to analyze how chilling temperatures present during the night period affect leaf carbohydrate metabolism in pangolagrass (Digitaria decumbens Stent.), a warm-season forage grass. Plants were exposed to three consecutive 14-h night periods of either 25 or 10 degrees C. Control plants (25 degrees C nights) displayed an average 75% decline in leaf glucose levels during the night. This decline was more than 50% smaller in chilled plants (10 degrees C nights) during all three nights. In control plants, leaf sucrose levels declined 78% during the night period. In chilled plants, this decline was inhibited to less than 2% of the available sucrose during the first night, and 47 and 44%, respectively, during two subsequent chilling nights. Greater than 90% of leaf starch was mobilized in control plants during the night, whereas 52, 46, and 16% of leaf starch was mobilized during three consecutive chilling nights, respectively. Chilling did not cause observable alterations in the ex planta activity of specific amylase enzymes; however, two diurnally regulated extrachloroplastic amylolytic enzymes were identified. Total leaf alpha-1,4-glucan phosphorylase (GP) activity was diurnally regulated with highest activity at the end of the night period, and activity increased in chilled plants after two consecutive chilling nights. Therefore, during three consecutive chilling nights the diurnal fluctuations in neither leaf carbohydrate levels nor GP activity remained constant. This dynamic response indicates that previous chilling night exposure influenced subsequent night-period carbohydrate metabolism despite each night period being separated with a warm (25-33 degrees C) 10-h d period. RP SHATTERS, RG (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,USDA ARS,AGRON SEED LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 516 EP 523 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600039 ER PT J AU BELESKY, DP FEDDERS, JM AF BELESKY, DP FEDDERS, JM TI TALL FESCUE DEVELOPMENT IN RESPONSE TO ACREMONIUM-COENOPHIALUM AND SOIL ACIDITY SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTE; GROWTH; PLANT AB The fungal endophyte Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and W. Gams can modify productivity and stress tolerance of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). Clonal populations of five tall fescue genotypes were used in a glasshouse experiment to assess the effect of endophyte infection and soil pH on plant yield, demography, and development. Genotypes differed for most measured parameters, and a general lack of interactions among endophyte infection, genotype, and lime allowed use of treatment means to identify trends that may be reflected in larger populations. Infected plants had 13% greater shoot mass and 11% greater root mass than uninfected plants due primarily to increased tiller size. Larger size may increase tiller longevity and competitive ability. Endophyte did not affect relative tiller appearance rate as reduced relative leaf appearance rates were compensated by increased site usage. Liming of an acid soil (pH 4.3 for unamended soil) resulted in a 32% increase in dry matter production and increased root to shoot ratios of high-yielding genotypes. Root to shoot ratio was affected by the interaction of lime and genotype; high-yielding genotypes had greater root to shoot ratios when limed compared with nonlimed genotypes, while low-yielding genotypes were not affected by liming. This increase was associated with greater site usage and tiller production; relative leaf appearance rate and tiller mass were unaffected. Endophyte modified the resource allocation patterns with resultant increase in phenotypic plasticity and potential competitive ability. RP BELESKY, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES LAB,BECKLEY,WV 25802, USA. NR 23 TC 39 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 529 EP 533 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600041 ER PT J AU SPRINGER, TL AF SPRINGER, TL TI VULNERABILITY OF PASTURE AND RANGE LEGUMES TO FUNGUS GNATS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CABBAGE ROOT FLY; BEHAVIOR AB Fungus gnats, Bradysia spp., are best known as pests of greenhouse-grown ornamentals, and some data suggests that fungus gnats may be pests of forage legumes; however, information is largely lacking about their effects on forage crops. This study was conducted to determine adult fungus gnat oviposition preference and seedling mortality for 15 legume species. Replicated free-choice tests were conducted in the greenhouse in June 1992, and May and June 1994. Significant variation (P less than or equal to 0.05) in oviposition preference was attributed to differences among legume species, experiments, and experiment by species interactions. Species accounted for 44% of the total variation, experiment by species interactions (14%), and experiments (9%). Though experiment by species interactions occurred, five species were commonly preferred. These were hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth; cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp subsp. unguiculata; Illinois bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex Robinson and Fern.; woollypod vetch, Vicia villosa subsp. varia (Host) Corbiere; and yellow sweet-clover, Melilotus officinalis Lam. Significant variation in seedling mortality was attributed only to legume species. All species tested were susceptible to feeding damage and seedling stand reductions of greater than 90% were caused by as few as one larva per seedling. Based on observations made in the greenhouse and the fact that fungus gnats have been reared from soil samples collected from held stands of white clover, Trifolium repens L., fungus gnats may pose a threat during the seedling establishment phase of some forage legumes. Field studies with naturally occurring populations of fungus gnats are needed to determine the importance of these insects in reducing establishment and persistence of pasture and range legumes. RP SPRINGER, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS,S CENT FAMILY FARM RES CTR,6883 S STATE HIGHWAY 23,BOONEVILLE,AR 72927, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 534 EP 536 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600042 ER PT J AU HOPKINS, AA VOGEL, KP MOORE, KJ JOHNSON, KD CARLSON, IT AF HOPKINS, AA VOGEL, KP MOORE, KJ JOHNSON, KD CARLSON, IT TI GENOTYPIC VARIABILITY AND GENOTYPE X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AMONG SWITCHGRASS ACCESSIONS FROM THE MIDWESTERN USA SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIGESTIBILITY AB Genetic variation for economically important traits in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is needed to develop improved populations. Objectives of this research were to determine the genotypic variability, and the magnitude of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction for agronomic, forage quality, and biofuel feedstock traits among switchgrass accessions collected from remnant midwestern prairies. A total of 23 accessions and five check strains were evaluated in space planted nurseries at Mead, NE; Ames, IA; and West Lafayette, IN, during 1991 and 1992. Forage quality traits were measured at a vegetative growth stage and at heading. Disease ratings were taken just prior to forage harvest at heading. Forage composition was determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Across locations and years, significant variation among accessions was observed for forage yield at heading, vegetative in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and heading date. Some accessions, such as IA34, were comparable in forage yield at heading to check strains and should be useful genetic sources of variation for this trait. Except for disease rating, G x E interactions were important for all traits. Selection among accessions for forage yield at heading followed by selection for IVDMD within such accessions should be an effective approach in utilizing genetic variation in switchgrasses from remnant prairie sites. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,STILLWATER,OK 74078. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. PURDUE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 27 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 565 EP 571 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600047 ER PT J AU BURTON, GW AF BURTON, GW TI AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MEASURING SOD RESERVES FOR GREENHOUSE AND FIELD STUDIES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note AB Nonstructural carbohydrates and other reserves in roots, rhizomes, stolons, crowns, or stubble determine regrowth by grass sod after defoliation. Traditionally, these reserves have been estimated by collecting and growing 15-cm sod plugs with optimum water and temperature in a darkroom and measuring etiolated mass per unit area. An improved sampling tool and mini-darkrooms made by taping an inverted no. 10 (15-cm diam.) can over a similar can containing a sod plug at or near field capacity are described. A slight depression in the top of the can allows for air exchange but minimizes water loss. Dry matter reserves of 1.18 g for 'Coastal', 2.26 g for 'Tifton 78', and 3.62 g for 'Tifton 44' bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], were measured with approximately one-fourth less time needed to harvest, water, and retape the covers than for traditional methods. RP BURTON, GW (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,USDA ARS,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 579 EP 580 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600049 ER PT J AU WELLS, BR DILDAY, RH ROHMAN, PC BLOCKER, MM AF WELLS, BR DILDAY, RH ROHMAN, PC BLOCKER, MM TI REGISTRATION OF KAYBONNET RICE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS, STUTTGART, AR 72160 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS, DEPT AGRON, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA. RP WELLS, BR (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS, CTR RICE RES & EXT, POB 351, STUTTGART, AR 72160 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 587 EP 588 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600052 ER PT J AU COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, A FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF AF COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, A FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF TI REGISTRATION OF CHARLESTON SOYBEAN SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,DEPT AGRON,WOOSTER,OH 44691. OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,WOOSTER,OH 44691. OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,DEPT AGRON,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP COOPER, RL (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,USDA ARS,WOOSTER,OH 44691, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1995 VL 35 IS 2 BP 593 EP 593 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QP346 UT WOS:A1995QP34600060 ER EF