FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU DEKKER, J DUKE, SO AF DEKKER, J DUKE, SO BE Sparks, DL TI HERBICIDE-RESISTANT FIELD CROPS SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 54 SE Advances in Agronomy LA English DT Review ID COENZYME-A CARBOXYLASE; 5-ENOLPYRUVYLSHIKIMATE 3-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; CORN ZEA-MAYS; AMARANTHUS-RETROFLEXUS BIOTYPES; OXIDASE-INHIBITING HERBICIDES; DIPHENYL ETHER HERBICIDES; FLAX LINUM-USITATISSIMUM; SELECTABLE MARKER GENE; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE C1 USDA ARS, SO WEED SCI LAB, STONEVILLE, MS 38776 USA. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT AGRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 328 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2113 BN 0-12-000754-1 J9 ADV AGRON JI Adv. Agron. PY 1995 VL 54 BP 69 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60898-6 PG 48 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BC87Y UT WOS:A1995BC87Y00002 ER PT J AU PRASAD, R POWER, JF AF PRASAD, R POWER, JF TI NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS FOR AGRICULTURE, HEALTH, AND THE ENVIRONMENT SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 54 SE ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY LA English DT Review ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; RICE ORYZA-SATIVA; AMMONIUM-NITRATE RATIOS; UREA SUPERGRANULES USG; GRAIN-SORGHUM; NEEM-CAKE; DICYANDIAMIDE DCD; FLOODED RICE; LOWLAND RICE; N-SERVE C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP PRASAD, R (reprint author), INDIAN AGR RES INST,DIV AGRON,NEW DELHI 110012,INDIA. NR 296 TC 164 Z9 178 U1 7 U2 48 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-2113 J9 ADV AGRON PY 1995 VL 54 BP 233 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60901-3 PG 49 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BC87Y UT WOS:A1995BC87Y00005 ER PT J AU MUEHLBAUER, FJ KAISER, WJ CLEMENT, SL SUMMERFIELD, RJ AF MUEHLBAUER, FJ KAISER, WJ CLEMENT, SL SUMMERFIELD, RJ TI PRODUCTION AND BREEDING OF LENTIL SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 54 SE ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY LA English DT Review ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; INHERITANCE; GENETICS; SEED; REGISTRATION; ISOZYME; YIELD C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,REG PLANT INTRODUCT STN,PULLMAN,WA 99164. UNIV READING,DEPT AGR,PLANT ENVIRONM LAB,READING RG2 9AD,BERKS,ENGLAND. RP MUEHLBAUER, FJ (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,GRAIN LEGUME GENET & PHYSIOL RES UNIT,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 146 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-2113 J9 ADV AGRON PY 1995 VL 54 BP 283 EP 332 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60902-5 PG 50 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BC87Y UT WOS:A1995BC87Y00006 ER PT J AU HANNA, WW AF HANNA, WW TI USE OF APOMIXIS IN CULTIVAR DEVELOPMENT SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 54 SE ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY LA English DT Review ID PEARL-MILLET; PENNISETUM; FERTILITY; HYBRIDIZATION; REPRODUCTION; CYTOLOGY; CROSSES; HYBRIDS; PLANTS RP HANNA, WW (reprint author), USDA ARS,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 58 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-2113 J9 ADV AGRON PY 1995 VL 54 BP 333 EP 350 DI 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60903-7 PG 18 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BC87Y UT WOS:A1995BC87Y00007 ER PT J AU Altenbach, S Anderson, O Bigwood, D Cantinhour, S Coe, E Datko, A Heller, S Kaleikau, E McCouch, S Kohel, R Miksche, J Moore, P Neale, D Osborne, T Paterson, A Shoemaker, R Smith, G Tanksley, S Wendel, J AF Altenbach, S Anderson, O Bigwood, D Cantinhour, S Coe, E Datko, A Heller, S Kaleikau, E McCouch, S Kohel, R Miksche, J Moore, P Neale, D Osborne, T Paterson, A Shoemaker, R Smith, G Tanksley, S Wendel, J TI USDA Plant Genome Research Program SO ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY, VOL 55 SE ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY LA English DT Review ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; MUNGBEAN VIGNA-RADIATA; MARKER-AIDED SELECTION; RAPA SYN CAMPESTRIS; BRASSICA-OLERACEA RP Altenbach, S (reprint author), USDA ARS,BARC-W,BLDG 005,ROOM 331C,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 199 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-2113 J9 ADV AGRON PY 1995 VL 55 BP 113 EP 166 PG 54 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BE46N UT WOS:A1995BE46N00003 ER PT J AU Hou, CT AF Hou, CT TI Microbial oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids SO ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 41 SE ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID OLEIC-ACID; 7,10-DIHYDROXY-8(E)-OCTADECENOIC ACID; CONVERSION; BIOCONVERSION; HYDRATION; COMPOUND; PR3 RP Hou, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-2164 J9 ADV APPL MICROBIOL JI Adv.Appl.Microbiol. PY 1995 VL 41 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1016/S0065-2164(08)70306-X PG 23 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BE46K UT WOS:A1995BE46K00001 PM 7572332 ER PT B AU Rotz, CA AF Rotz, CA BE Kennelly, J TI Maintaining and enhancing forage quality during harvest and storage SO ADVANCES IN DAIRY TECHNOLOGY, VOL 7 SE ADVANCES IN DAIRY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Western Canadian Dairy Seminar (WCDS) CY MAR 14-17, 1995 CL RED DEER, CANADA SP AGPRO Software, Agrifood Int Cooperat Ltd, Alberta Agr Food & Rural Dev, Chinook Dairy Serv, Church & Dwight Co Inc, Coop Feeds, Div Federated Coop Ltd, Dairy Extens Advisory Grp, Elanco Anim Hlth, Masterfeeds, Monsanto, Qual Feeds Ltd, Phone Poulenc Anim Nutri, Upjohn Co, Anim Hlth Div, Univ Alberta, Alberta Dairy Herd Improvement Serv, Dairyworld Foods, Hoechst Anim Hlth, No Alberta Proc Co, Unifeed, Alberta Milk Producers, Alberta Pool, Bank Nova Scotia, Bricon Safety Grooving, Calmar Feed Mill, Canadian Bio Syst Inc, Champion Feed Serv Ltd, Feed Rite Alberta Ltd, Hofmann La Roche, Knellers Sales & Serv, Lucerne Foods Ltd, Furst McNees, Miracle Feeds, New Life Feeds, W Canada, Nutrena Feeds, Cargill Ltd, Prairie Microtech Inc, Premiere Agri Technol, ProLivestock Ltd, Treasures Insurance, Van Waters & Rogers AB To maintain forage quality during harvest, rapid field drying is essential, Mechanical and chemical treatments can provide effective tools for speeding drying, but neither process can compensate for poor drying weather and/or thick dense swaths. Swath manipulation with a tedder or inverter can speed drying, but increased costs and losses caused by the operation may be greater than the average benefit received. Baling of moist hay can also reduce field curing time and harvest losses, but an effective treatment is needed to prevent excessive storage losses. The best preservation of moist hay is obtained through a low-cost drying system. Silage systems reduce harvest losses, but storage losses and quality degradation can be high. Silage inoculants and ammonia treatments can at times reduce these losses a small amount. A new mat drying process is being developed where forage is cut, shredded and pressed into a mat for very rapid field curing. The quality of the forage produced is very high, perhaps superior to that produced by any other method. RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT AGR ENGN,USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIVERSITY ALBERTA DEPT AGR, FOOD & NUTR SCI PI EDMONTON PA 310 AGRICULTURE FORESTRYCTR, EDMONTON AB T6G 2P5, CANADA BN 1-896110-03-7 J9 ADV DAIRY TECHNOL PY 1995 VL 7 BP 147 EP 157 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BJ91J UT WOS:A1995BJ91J00013 ER PT B AU Rotz, CA AF Rotz, CA BE Kennelly, J TI Evaluating alternative technologies in forage production SO ADVANCES IN DAIRY TECHNOLOGY, VOL 7 SE ADVANCES IN DAIRY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Western Canadian Dairy Seminar (WCDS) CY MAR 14-17, 1995 CL RED DEER, CANADA SP AGPRO Software, Agrifood Int Cooperat Ltd, Alberta Agr Food & Rural Dev, Chinook Dairy Serv, Church & Dwight Co Inc, Coop Feeds, Div Federated Coop Ltd, Dairy Extens Advisory Grp, Elanco Anim Hlth, Masterfeeds, Monsanto, Qual Feeds Ltd, Phone Poulenc Anim Nutri, Upjohn Co, Anim Hlth Div, Univ Alberta, Alberta Dairy Herd Improvement Serv, Dairyworld Foods, Hoechst Anim Hlth, No Alberta Proc Co, Unifeed, Alberta Milk Producers, Alberta Pool, Bank Nova Scotia, Bricon Safety Grooving, Calmar Feed Mill, Canadian Bio Syst Inc, Champion Feed Serv Ltd, Feed Rite Alberta Ltd, Hofmann La Roche, Knellers Sales & Serv, Lucerne Foods Ltd, Furst McNees, Miracle Feeds, New Life Feeds, W Canada, Nutrena Feeds, Cargill Ltd, Prairie Microtech Inc, Premiere Agri Technol, ProLivestock Ltd, Treasures Insurance, Van Waters & Rogers AB A computer simulation model of forage production and use provides a tool for evaluating forage technologies. The model, DAFOSYM, simulates alfalfa and corn growth, harvest, storage, feeding and use on a dairy farm. Forage lasses and quality changes along with the use and costs of machines, structures, labor, fuel, chemicals, etc. are used to determine the profitability of forage systems. Simulation over many years of weather provides a long term evaluation of the performance and economics of alternative forage technology. This type of information helps direct research toward the more promising technology and aides forage producers in adopting the best technology for their farms. RP Rotz, CA (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT AGR ENGN,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,USDA,AGR RES SERV,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALBERTA DEPT AGR, FOOD & NUTR SCI PI EDMONTON PA 310 AGRICULTURE FORESTRYCTR, EDMONTON AB T6G 2P5, CANADA BN 1-896110-03-7 J9 ADV DAIRY TECHNOL PY 1995 VL 7 BP 167 EP 176 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BJ91J UT WOS:A1995BJ91J00015 ER PT J AU TSENG, PH SCIORTINO, A VANGENUCHTEN, MT AF TSENG, PH SCIORTINO, A VANGENUCHTEN, MT TI A PARTITIONED SOLUTION PROCEDURE FOR SIMULATING WATER-FLOW IN A VARIABLY SATURATED DUAL-POROSITY MEDIUM SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE UNSATURATED FLOW; DUAL-POROSITY MODEL; STRUCTURED POROUS MEDIA; PARTITIONED SOLUTION METHOD AB A simple and computationally effective partitioned solution procedure was used to solve the coupled equations of water flow in a variably-saturated dual-porosity medium. The coupled equations were first discretized in space and time using standard numerical solution procedures. The resulting algebraic system was subsequently partitioned in the time domain with a staggered implicit-implicit partitioning scheme. The partitioned time-integration procedures were carried out sequentially for the two subsystems, and coupled by temporal extrapolation techniques. A numerical stability and accuracy analysis demonstrated that the partitioned solution scheme, when integrated with the midpoint rule, is unconditionally stable and second-order accurate with only a single-pass through the partitioned equations (i.e. without iteration between the two subsystems). Simulation examples revealed that the solution of the single-pass scheme yields a slightly delayed response to that of the iterative scheme. C1 USDA ARS,US SALIN LAB,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PY 1995 VL 18 IS 6 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1016/0309-1708(95)00022-B PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA TE865 UT WOS:A1995TE86500002 ER PT J AU HASKETT, JD PACHEPSKY, YA ACOCK, B AF HASKETT, JD PACHEPSKY, YA ACOCK, B TI USE OF THE BETA-DISTRIBUTION FOR PARAMETERIZING VARIABILITY OF SOIL PROPERTIES AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL FOR CROP YIELD ESTIMATION SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; MODELS AB In order to use mechanistic crop models for regional estimates of crop yield it is often necessary to include soil parameters which may not be readily available from published sources or which may be at the wrong level of resolution. A method is proposed for aggregating the values of individual soils to the level of the soil association. This method involves creating frequency distributions based on the recorded properties of the individual soils within the association, and then approximating this distribution by the use of a beta-function. In multiple simulation runs, this method allows the inclusion of the soil variability found in the soil association while modeling crop response over the area of the association. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT AGRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP HASKETT, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS,BARC W,NRI SYST RES LAB,BLDG 007,ROOM 008,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0308-521X J9 AGR SYST JI Agric. Syst. PY 1995 VL 48 IS 1 BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.1016/0308-521X(95)93646-U PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA QM436 UT WOS:A1995QM43600004 ER PT J AU ECKERT, JB BAKER, BB HANSON, JD AF ECKERT, JB BAKER, BB HANSON, JD TI THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON LOCAL INCOMES FROM RANGE LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS SO AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CATTLE PRODUCTION; MODEL AB Using standard census data, an index is developed expressing the contribution of range livestock systems to total county incomes. This index is then applied to results of a simulation of the effects of global warming on the productivity of cow-calf range livestock systems in the western USA. Estimates of declining range-based incomes in a southern tier of states coupled with increasing productivity in the middle and northern Great Plains, the inter-mountain Rockies and the Pacific Northwest suggest that significant shifts could occur in the location of feeder calf production if these climate changes occur. C1 USDA ARS,GREAT PLAINS SYST RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80521. RP ECKERT, JB (reprint author), UNIV STELLENBOSCH,DEPT AGR ECON,PRIVATE BAG X5018,STELLENBOSCH 7599,SOUTH AFRICA. RI Baker, Barry/C-4884-2009 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0308-521X J9 AGR SYST JI Agric. Syst. PY 1995 VL 48 IS 1 BP 87 EP 100 DI 10.1016/0308-521X(95)93647-V PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA QM436 UT WOS:A1995QM43600005 ER PT B AU ESWARAN, H VIRMANI, SM ABROL, IP AF ESWARAN, H VIRMANI, SM ABROL, IP BE Juo, ASR Freed, RD TI ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF DRYLAND AGRICULTURE IN SOUTHERN ASIA SO AGRICULTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT: BRIDGING FOOD PRODUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Agriculture and the Environment - Bridging Food Production and Environmental Protection in Developing Countries CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Amer Soc Agron, Div A 6 C1 USDA,NRCS,WORLD SOIL RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-125-3 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 60 BP 161 EP 180 PG 20 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD18C UT WOS:A1995BD18C00009 ER PT B AU NORTON, LD AF NORTON, LD BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI MINERALOGY OF HIGH CALCIUM - SULFUR-CONTAINING COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOIL SURFACE SEALING SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA ARS,NATL SOCIL EROS RES LAB,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47906. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 87 EP 106 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00005 ER PT B AU KORCAK, RF AF KORCAK, RF BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI UTILIZATION OF COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS IN AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,FRUIT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 107 EP 130 PG 24 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00006 ER PT B AU CLARK, RB ZETO, SK RITCHEY, KD WENDELL, RR BALIGAR, VC AF CLARK, RB ZETO, SK RITCHEY, KD WENDELL, RR BALIGAR, VC BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCT USE ON ACID SOIL - EFFECTS ON MAIZE GROWTH AND SOIL PH AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES,BEFKLEY,WV 25802. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 131 EP 155 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00007 ER PT B AU RITCHEY, KD FELDHAKE, CM CLARK, RB DESOUSA, DMG AF RITCHEY, KD FELDHAKE, CM CLARK, RB DESOUSA, DMG BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI IMPROVED WATER AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE FROM SUBSURFACE LAYERS OF GYPSUM-AMENDED SOILS SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES,BECKLEY,WV 25802. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 157 EP 181 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00008 ER PT B AU EDWARDS, JH BURT, EC RAPER, RL WALKER, RH AF EDWARDS, JH BURT, EC RAPER, RL WALKER, RH BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI ISSUES AFFECTING APPLICATION OF NONCOMPOSTED ORGANIC WASTE TO AGRICULTURAL LAND SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL DYNAM LAB,AUBURN,AL 36831. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 225 EP 249 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00011 ER PT B AU RAPER, RL WAY, TR BURT, EC EDWARDS, JH REEVES, DW HILL, DT TROTMAN, AA AF RAPER, RL WAY, TR BURT, EC EDWARDS, JH REEVES, DW HILL, DT TROTMAN, AA BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI HINDERING HARDPAN REFORMATION WITH CELLULOSE WASTE SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL DYNAM LAB,AUBURN,AL 36831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 251 EP 259 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00012 ER PT B AU MARX, DH BERRY, CR KORMANIK, PP AF MARX, DH BERRY, CR KORMANIK, PP BE Karlen, DL Wright, RJ Kemper, WO TI APPLICATION OF MUNICIPAL SEWAGE SLUDGE TO FOREST AND DEGRADED LAND SO AGRICULTURE UTILIZATION OF URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS SE ASA SPECIAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agriculture Utilization of Urban and Industrial By-Products CY NOV 07-12, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S6, Soil Sci Soc Amer, Div S7, Amer Soc Agron, Div A5 C1 US FOREST SERV,INST TREE ROOT BIOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-123-7 J9 ASA SPEC P PY 1995 IS 58 BP 275 EP 295 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD15X UT WOS:A1995BD15X00014 ER PT B AU RIETVELD, WJ AF RIETVELD, WJ BE Rietveld, WJ TI Agroforestry: A maverick science and practice SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,NATL AGROFORESTRY CTR,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 9 EP 11 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00002 ER PT J AU BRATTON, GF AF BRATTON, GF BE Rietveld, WJ TI Agroforestry in communities: A new/old approach SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,CTR NATL AGROFORESTRY,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 75 EP 79 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00010 ER PT J AU SCHOENEBERGER, M DIX, ME DOSSKEY, M AF SCHOENEBERGER, M DIX, ME DOSSKEY, M BE Rietveld, WJ TI Agroforestry-enhanced biodiversity: The good, the bad, and the unknown SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,NATL AGROFORESTRY CTR,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,LINCOLN,NE. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 207 EP 215 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00020 ER PT J AU JACOBMUA, JY AF JACOBMUA, JY BE Rietveld, WJ TI Agroforestry technology needs survey for the western United States SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,NATL AGROFORESTRY CTR,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,LINCOLN,NE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 233 EP 239 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00023 ER PT J AU CHRISTENSEN, TW KUHN, GA AF CHRISTENSEN, TW KUHN, GA BE Rietveld, WJ TI Forming the Idaho Agroforestry Coalition SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,BOISE,ID 83705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 255 EP 255 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00025 ER PT J AU CREGG, B AF CREGG, B BE Rietveld, WJ TI Stress physiology research at the Agroforestry Center SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,NATL AGROFORESTRY CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 256 EP 256 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00026 ER PT J AU FUSARO, J AF FUSARO, J BE Rietveld, WJ TI Windbreaks save energy and money SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,FT COLLINS,CO 80525. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 259 EP 259 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00029 ER PT J AU MERCER, E VEGA, B FRANCISCO, H MAILLE, R AF MERCER, E VEGA, B FRANCISCO, H MAILLE, R BE Rietveld, WJ TI Measuring the socio-economic impacts of agroforestry projects in the Philippines SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,SE FOREST EXPT STN,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 267 EP 267 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00037 ER PT J AU PEARSON, HA AF PEARSON, HA BE Rietveld, WJ TI Pine establishment and competition control in fescue and bermudagrass pastures SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA ARS,S CENT FAMILY FARM RES CTR,BOONEVILLE,AR 72927. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 270 EP 270 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00040 ER PT J AU ROW, JM WYNIA, RL AF ROW, JM WYNIA, RL BE Rietveld, WJ TI Status of woody plant selection at the Manhattan Plant Materials Center SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,CTR PLANT MAT,MANHATTAN,KS 66502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 271 EP 271 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00041 ER PT J AU JOHN, LS AF JOHN, LS BE Rietveld, WJ TI Mountain Home Air Force Base Woody Inter-Center Strain Trial SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,ABERDEEN PLANT MAT CTR,ABERDEEN,ID 83210. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 272 EP 272 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00042 ER PT J AU TOWNSEND, L OAKS, W AF TOWNSEND, L OAKS, W BE Rietveld, WJ TI PLANTS: Plant data for natural resource planning SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,W NATL TECH CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97209. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 274 EP 274 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00043 ER PT J AU WIEST, RL AF WIEST, RL BE Rietveld, WJ TI Riparian buffer strip demonstration in Iowa SO AGROFORESTRY AND SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Symposium on Agroforestry and Sustainable Systems CY AUG 07-10, 1994 CL FT COLLINS, CO SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn C1 US FOREST SERV,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 261 BP 276 EP 276 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA BD81K UT WOS:A1995BD81K00045 ER PT J AU Klopfenstein, NB Kerl, JG AF Klopfenstein, NB Kerl, JG TI The potential of biotechnology in temperate agroforestry practices SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE genetic engineering; marker-aided selection; molecular diagnostics; plant tissue culture ID MARKER-AIDED SELECTION; MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS; FOREST TREES; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; STABLE TRANSFORMATION; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; GRANDIDENTATA MICHX; PEST RESISTANCE; POPLAR POPULUS; TISSUE-CULTURE AB Technologies in forest molecular biology and tissue culture could play an increasing role in the choice of genotypes for successful establishment of agroforestry practices. Research areas such as micropropagation, somatic embryogenesis, genetic engineering, marker-aided selection, and molecular diagnostics are merging with traditional forest biological studies to help identify and produce better-suited trees for agroforestry plantings. A combination of classical and molecular biological research could be used to improve pest and stress resistance of selected genotypes, modify structure and function, and monitor pests of trees. This merger of approaches, as well as continued technological development, could accelerate the production and selection of suitable tree genotypes for agroforestry plantings. RP Klopfenstein, NB (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA, US FOREST SERV, NATL AGROFORESTRY CTR, ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN, E CAMPUS, LINCOLN, NE 68583 USA. NR 95 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PY 1995 VL 32 IS 1 BP 29 EP 44 DI 10.1007/BF00713846 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA TP441 UT WOS:A1995TP44100003 ER PT J AU PEARSON, HA AF PEARSON, HA TI AGROFORESTRY IN THE INTERIOR HIGHLANDS SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE FAMILY FARM; RESEARCH; TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER; INCOME ALTERNATIVES; MULTIDISCIPLINE AB The USDA Agricultural Research Service, headquartered at the South Central Family Farm Research Center, Booneville, Arkansas, recently initiated an agroforestry research program for the interior highlands and the southeastern United States. The purpose of the agroforestry program is to develop a research and technology transfer program in agroforestry that will provide additional alternative income opportunities for family farms of this region. The objectives of the program are: 1) to develop new information on the establishment, maintenance, and utilization of conifer and hardwood tree stands in open pastures, 2) to develop new knowledge in multiple-use management and their environmental impacts, and 3) to facilitate multidisciplinary networks and partnerships of farmers, technical specialists, scientists, and managers for accomplishing agroforestry research and technology transfer. RP PEARSON, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS,S CENT FAMILY FARM,RES CTR,BOONEVILLE,AR 72927, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 181 EP 189 DI 10.1007/BF00704867 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA RM567 UT WOS:A1995RM56700002 ER PT J AU DIX, ME JOHNSON, RJ HARRELL, MO CASE, RM WRIGHT, RJ HODGES, L BRANDLE, JR SCHOENEBERGER, MM SUNDERMAN, NJ FITZMAURICE, RL YOUNG, LJ AF DIX, ME JOHNSON, RJ HARRELL, MO CASE, RM WRIGHT, RJ HODGES, L BRANDLE, JR SCHOENEBERGER, MM SUNDERMAN, NJ FITZMAURICE, RL YOUNG, LJ TI INFLUENCES OF TREES ON ABUNDANCE OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF INSECT PESTS - A REVIEW SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ARTHROPODS; BIRDS; PREDATORS; SPIDERS; WINDBREAKS AB In this article we review the use of natural enemies in crop pest management and describe research needed to better meet information needs for practical applications. Endemic natural enemies (predators and parasites) offer a potential but understudied approach to controlling insect pests in agricultural systems. With the current high interest in environmental stewardship, such an approach has special appeal as a method to reduce the need for pesticides while maintaining agricultural profitability. Habitat for sustaining populations of natural enemies occurs primarily at field edges where crops and edge vegetation meet. Conservation and enhancement of natural enemies might include manipulation of plant species and plant arrangement, particularly at these edges; and consideration of optimum field sizes, number of edges, and management practices in and near edges. Blending the benefits of agricultural and forestry (windbreak) systems is one promising approach to field edge management that has additional benefits of wind protection and conservation of desirable wildlife species. RP DIX, ME (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,CTR SEMIARID AGROFORESTRY,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 23 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1007/BF00704876 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA RM567 UT WOS:A1995RM56700011 ER PT J AU SPARROW, SD COCHRAN, VL SPARROW, EB AF SPARROW, SD COCHRAN, VL SPARROW, EB TI DINITROGEN FIXATION BY 7 LEGUME CROPS IN ALASKA SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID N-15 ISOTOPE-DILUTION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; N-2 FIXATION; RED-CLOVER; DRY-MATTER; FIELD PEA; NODULATION; ALFALFA; YIELD; SOIL AB Information on amounts of N-2 fixed by legumes in subarctic regions is lacking. We determined the N-2-fixation potential of seven legume species under field conditions in subarctic Alaska. Seasonal N-2 fixation was estimated for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), yellow sweetclover (Melilotus officinalis Lam.), fababean (Vicia faba L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), pea (Pisum satipum L.), and white lupin (Lupinus alba L.) on a neutral (pH 7.2) and an acid (pH 5.4) soil during two field seasons. A Lime variable was included at the acid soil location. Dinitrogen fixation was estimated by the N-15 isotope dilution method and by the total-plant N difference method. Three non-N-2-fixing crops and uninoculated analogs at one location were used as reference crops. Agreement among reference crops and between methods of estimating N-2 fixation was adequate for most applications, but differences of >50 kg ha(-1) were sometimes observed. Maximum N-2 fixation estimates by the isotope dilution method were 58 kg ha(-1) for alfalfa, 121 for red clover, 109 for sweetclover, 204 for fababean, 72 for lentil, 121 for pea, and 162 for white lupin. Liming usually did not significantly affect N-2 fixation. Nitrogenase activity, as measured by the acetylene reduction assay, peaked at or soon after flowering in some legumes; in others, it either plateaued or continued to increase after flowering until the end of the growing season. C1 USDA ARS,SUBARCTIC RES UNIT,FAIRBANKS,AK 99775. RP SPARROW, SD (reprint author), UNIV ALASKA FAIRBANKS,SCH AGR & LAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT,DEPT PLANT ANIM & SOIL SCI,FAIRBANKS,AK 99775, USA. NR 38 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700007 ER PT J AU BELESKY, DP FEDDERS, JM AF BELESKY, DP FEDDERS, JM TI WARM-SEASON GRASS PRODUCTIVITY AND GROWTH-RATE AS INFLUENCED BY CANOPY MANAGEMENT SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; CAUCASIAN BLUESTEM; CLIPPING FREQUENCY; SWITCHGRASS; QUALITY; YIELD; NITROGEN; CARBOHYDRATE; PERSISTENCE; PERFORMANCE AB Warm-season grasses adapted to cool-temperate environments can improve the seasonal distribution and supplement the productivity of forage systems in the northeastern USA. Management practices concerning clipping regimes for warm-season grasses grown in the region, are not well understood. A 2-yr field study was conducted to determine productivity and growth rates of flaccidgrass (Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb.), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.), and Caucasian bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake] clipped according to sward height criteria. Treatments were replicated three times and included; first clipped at full heading; or 50% removal of short canopy and 50% and 75% removal of tall canopies at vegetative stages. Cumulative yields of warm-season grasses were influenced by a complex clipping treatment, species, and year interaction. When first cut was made at a mature stage, 1990 and 1991 yields were similar, but were greater in 1991 than 1990 when cut early. Cumulative herbage yield of bermudagrass and Caucasian bluestem exceeded that of switchgrass and flaccidgrass when clipping was begun early in the growing season (species x treatment interaction; P less than or equal to 0.01). Mean growth rates were greatest when canopies were managed as hay or when 75% of a tall canopy was removed, and were greater in 1991 than in 1990. Instantaneous growth rates suggest that bermudagrass and Caucasian bluestem appear to be better adapted to repeated defoliation than the tall-growing species. Switchgrass and Baccidgrass may be best used in limited-defoliation or conserved forage situations. RP BELESKY, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES LAB,POB 867,AIRPORT RD,BECKLEY,WV 25802, USA. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 42 EP 48 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700008 ER PT J AU ACOCK, B WALL, GW AF ACOCK, B WALL, GW TI A SIMPLE CONDUCTIMETRIC CO2 ANALYZER WITH AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION .1. DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND FUNCTIONALITY SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Controlled-environment plant growth cabinets may be used to investigate the long-term effect of elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on plant growth. Infrared gas analyzers (IRGAs) are normally used to monitor and control [CO2] in plant cabinets. With many cabinets in use, however, it soon becomes impractical to purchase an individual IRGA for each cabinet, A more economical method of monitoring and controlling [CO2] relies on the change in electrical conductivity when CO2 is dissolved in demineralized water, This work describes the design, implementation, and functionality of an inexpensive conductimetric system for controlling [CO2] in plant growth cabinets, Regressing electrical conductivity against [CO2] over the range 0 to 1000 mu L L(-1) yields a quadratic response. Calibration drift inherent in the conductimetric CO2 analyzer requires that each analyzer be recalibrated periodically. Automatically recalibrating with an IRGA every 900 s gave control of the [CO2] within the plant enclosures to within 10 to 15 mu L L(-1) of the set point, The [CO2] control system is robust enough to maintain this accuracy regardless of the desired [CO2] set point or the mass of plant material within the plant growth cabinet, In this approach, only one IRGA is required to control [CO2] in many plant growth cabinets if each cabinet has a dedicated conductimetric CO2 analyzer. C1 USDA ARS,US WATER CONSERVAT LAB,PHOENIX,AZ 85040. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST NAT RESOURCES,SYST RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 70 EP 75 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700012 ER PT J AU WALL, GW ACOCK, B MILLIKEN, GA AF WALL, GW ACOCK, B MILLIKEN, GA TI A SIMPLE CONDUCTIMETRIC CO2 ANALYZER WITH AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION .2. FACTORS AFFECTING CALIBRATION SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Conductimetric CO2 analyzers provide an economical means of monitoring and controlling carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) in enclosed plant growth cabinets. They rely on dissolving CO2 from an air sample in demineralized water and measuring the resulting change in electrical conductivity. Regressing the analog output from the conductivity meter against [CO2] values over the range 200 to 1000 mu L L(-1) yields a quadratic response, Calibration curves for conductimetric CO2 analyzers are affected primarily by temperature and air and water flow rates, Air and water how rates are relatively fixed, whereas temperature varies over time in normal operation, A covariate analysis for a three-way treatment structure in a randomized complete block design determined how the intercept (B-0) and the linear and quadratic parameter estimates (B-1 and B-2) varied with temperatures of 10, 20 30 and 40 degrees C, air flow rates of 540 1880, and 3700 mm(3) s(-1), and water flow rates of 1.0, 0.66 and 0.33 mL s(-1). Temperature effects were greatest, with air flow rate causing minor changes, while water how rate had no effect, Temperature and air Bow rate significantly altered Bo, with only minor changes in B-1 and B-2, Variations in B-0 were sufficient enough to alter the [CO2] around the desired set point by 70 mu L L(-1) for all treatments evaluated. Deviations in [CO2] control due to variation in B-1 and B-2 were within 10 to 15 mu L L(-1); only the adjustment in Bo must be made every sampling period (every 900 s) to maintain [CO2] control within 10 to 15 mu L L(-1) of the set point. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST NAT RESOURCES,SYST RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT STAT,MANHATTAN,KS 66502. RP WALL, GW (reprint author), USDA ARS,US WATER CONSERVAT LAB,4331 E BROADWAY RD,PHOENIX,AZ 85040, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 76 EP 80 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700013 ER PT J AU WALL, GW ACOCK, B AF WALL, GW ACOCK, B TI A SIMPLE CONDUCTIMETRIC CO2 ANALYZER WITH AUTOMATIC RECALIBRATION .3. DYNAMIC-RESPONSE SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIOXIDE AB Conductimetric CO2 analyzers provide an economical means of monitoring and controlling carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) in plant growth cabinets. When conductimetric CO2 analyzers are being used to measure canopy CO2 uptake over a period and compare that with light received, it is essential to know the time between an air sample leaving the canopy and its [CO2] being registered by the analyzer. A four-way analysis of variance in three replicates of a split split-plot design was used to examine the response time of the conductimetric CO2 analyzers to successive step changes in [CO2] (Delta[CO2]) from 200 to 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mu L L(-1), at temperatures of 10, 20, 30 and 40 degrees C, at air flows rates of 540 1880 and 3700 mm(3) s(-1), and at water how rates of 1.0, 0.66, and 0.33 mL s(-1). Response times ranged from 30 to 542 s across all treatments. Significant differences were observed between individual conductimetric CO2 analyzers, with response time means ranging from 99 to 145 s. Each analyzer, therefore, is unique and must be recalibrated following a change in any one component. A significant water flow rate x temperature interaction was observed (response time means ranged from 86 to 177 s). Comparing these response time means to the 900-s sampling period indicates that an individual conductimetric CO2 analyzer will adjust to the new steady state following a change in control within 9.5 to 20% of the sampling period. Only 1 data record out of 96 within a diurnal cycle is lost if an alteration in the CO2 control set point for the plant growth cabinet is made. This data loss is acceptable. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST NAT RESOURCES,SYST RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP WALL, GW (reprint author), USDA ARS,US WATER CONSERVAT LAB,4331 E BROADWAY RD,PHOENIX,AZ 85040, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 81 EP 84 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700014 ER PT J AU DAVIS, DK MCGRAW, RL BEUSELINCK, PR ROBERTS, CA AF DAVIS, DK MCGRAW, RL BEUSELINCK, PR ROBERTS, CA TI TOTAL NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATE ACCUMULATION IN ROOTS OF ANNUAL LESPEDEZA SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLANTS AB Total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) stored in roots are thought to be an important energy source for growth following herbage removal in many forage legumes. This study was conducted to determine if root TNC levels fluctuate during harvest and regrowth cycles of annual lespedeza (Kummerowia spp.). Annual lespedeza management treatments consisted of harvesting at a 6- or 12-cm stubble height at the end of July and a nonharvested control. Seeding-year 'Nitro' alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and 'Norcen' birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were included for comparison. Alfalfa was harvested four times at early bloom and birdsfoot trefoil three times at early bloom. Alfalfa exhibited a cyclic pattern of TNC utilization and storage in response to herbage removal and regrowth, respectively. Seedling alfalfa accumulated >150 g kg(-1) TNC in the roots by 10 June, and >450 g kg(-1) by first harvest. Seedling birdsfoot trefoil maintained <70 g kg(-1) TNC in the roots through mid-September and did not exhibit as much TNC cycling as did alfalfa. Annual lespedeza averaged approximate to 20 g kg(-1) TNC in the roots prior to harvest and maintained <40 g kg(-1) throughout the growing season. Harvesting annual lespedeza at 6 cm decreased root TNC levels for approximate to 5 wk compared with harvesting at 12 cm and the nonharvested controls; however, the total amount of reduction was small. Root TNC Levels decreased by 6.1 g kg(-1) with cutting at 6 cm. As annual lespedeza maintains relatively small amounts of root TNC, leaving residual leaf area at harvest may be important for regrowth. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT AGRON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. USDA ARS,PLANT GENET RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 89 EP 92 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700016 ER PT J AU RETTA, A ARMBRUST, DV AF RETTA, A ARMBRUST, DV TI ESTIMATION OF LEAF AND STEM AREA IN THE WIND EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM (WEPS) SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DRY-MATTER PRODUCTION; SUNFLOWER; CANOPY; CORN AB A process-oriented wind erosion prediction system (WEPS) is being developed. Among the processes to be simulated is the influence of biomass cover in dissipating wind energy at the soil surface. The wind speed profile within the canopy is a function of the distribution of leaf and stem areas by height. Relationships are needed to calculate leaf and stem areas and leaf and stem masses for use in area and mass by height distribution functions. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), corn (Zea mays L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were planted in different years, soil types, and management regimes. The objective was to obtain relationships that could be used to simulate leaf and stem area growth. Measurements were made of leaf and stem areas and leaf and stem masses. Linear and nonlinear regressions of leaf dry weight on leaf area and of stem dry weight on stem area were performed. The Linear model fit the leaf data for all crops and also fit the stem data for alfalfa, oat, soybean, and winter wheat, with r(2) values ranging from 0.83 to 0.99. The stem data of corn and sorghum fit the nonlinear model (with r(2) = 0.99 and 0.92, respectively). Regression parameters for stem appear to be less affected by environmental factors (e.g., management, different years, varieties, or soil types) than are the regression parameters for leaf. The linear and nonlinear relationships can be used to estimate leaf and stem area growth from their respective masses. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP RETTA, A (reprint author), USDA ARS,THROCKMORTON HALL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700017 ER PT J AU ARKEBAUER, TJ NORMAN, JM SULLIVAN, CY AF ARKEBAUER, TJ NORMAN, JM SULLIVAN, CY TI FROM CELL-GROWTH TO LEAF GROWTH .3. KINETICS OF LEAF EXPANSION SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LOW WATER POTENTIALS; LEAVES AB Plant growth models have, in general, not considered the detailed aspects of cell expansion and cell division, A key benefit gained by considering growth from a cellular perspective is a more thorough understanding of the role of water relations and plant growth. The objective of this research was to simulate leaf expansion in monocots using a model that incorporates cell division and cell expansion. The core of the model is a module that couples cell division and cell expansion. Assumptions are made concerning the arrangement within the leaf of the cells produced by the cell growth module. Inputs to the model include the total water potential external to the cells and the temperature of the cells. The effects of varying these input parameters on the model outputs (leaf length, leaf area, cell number, elongation rate, and meristem dimensions) are studied. The output is fairly sensitive to the water potential inputs and somewhat less sensitive to the temperature input, These sensitivities are discussed in relation to leaf expansion in field-grown maize (Zea mays L.) plants under well-watered and water-limiting conditions. An extension to the model is described wherein a simple mass balance is calculated on the amount of C produced by the mature portion of the leaf and the amount of C used in the expanding portion. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SOIL SCI,MADISON,WI 53706. RP ARKEBAUER, TJ (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 112 EP 121 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QK917 UT WOS:A1995QK91700020 ER PT J AU BRIDGES, SM HIGGINBOTHAM, C MCKINION, JM HODGES, JE AF BRIDGES, SM HIGGINBOTHAM, C MCKINION, JM HODGES, JE TI FUZZY DESCRIPTORS OF TIME-VARYING DATA - THEORY AND APPLICATION SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Many AI applications must reason about large quantities of time-varying numerical data, Weather data, for example, are usually one of the most important inputs for computer systems that deal with natural and agricultural resource management. Crop simulation systems that integrate numeric and symbolic computing must often make decisions based on an imprecise qualitative characterization of precise quantitative input data or simulation results. These imprecise estimators can be viewed as fuzzy descriptions of precise data. We developed a method for representing time-varying quantitative data in a qualitative form using fuzzy sets. Certain fuzzy sets that are used to represent the classification of quantitative data over specified time intervals are called fuzzy attributes. Many issues associated with deriving fuzzy attributes were addressed, including: identification of attributes and terms describing these attributes, determination of appropriate time intervals, and development of membership functions for the fuzzy sets. Membership functions were used to assign descriptive terms to specific data sets; these descriptors, in turn, have been used to generate natural language descriptions of the data and to select data with specified attributes for use with a numerical simulation. C1 USDA ARS,CROP SIMULAT RES UNIT,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 2 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RC960 UT WOS:A1995RC96000001 ER PT J AU RAUSCHER, HM AF RAUSCHER, HM TI NATURAL-RESOURCE DECISION-SUPPORT - THEORY AND PRACTICE SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material RP RAUSCHER, HM (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,BENT CREEK EXPTL FOREST,1577 BREVARD RD,ASHEVILLE,NC 28806, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500001 ER PT J AU SEQUEIRA, RA OLSON, RL AF SEQUEIRA, RA OLSON, RL TI SELF CORRECTION OF SIMULATION-MODELS USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Models that simulate plant growth are both widespread and profitable for their users. However, their potential is restricted by the manual adjustments required to account for elements that are unobservable, not measurable, or factors whose interaction with other components in the system are intractable. This process is expensive, time consuming, and often yields variable results depending on the scientist performing the reparameterization. In the cotton model, GOSSYM, adjustments to describe a new cultivar or response to a different set of conditions may cost up to US$50,000 per cultivar. Genetic algorithms are a powerful tool recently developed to ''evolve'' optimal solutions to problems characterized by massive search spaces. We used genetic algorithms to develop a self-correcting simulation model capable of responding to new environments and new cultivars by producing optimal combinations of parameters. It allows the GOSSYM simulation model to be used across the U.S, cotton-growing belt requiring only high-level field data, as opposed to detailed growth chamber analysis. The implementation of this genetic algorithm will serve as a stand-alone framework for the development of similar applications for all complex, process-based biological models that require parameterization. C1 MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,DEPT AGR ENGN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS. RP SEQUEIRA, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROP SCI RES UNIT,POB 5367,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39759, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA QT321 UT WOS:A1995QT32100002 ER PT J AU REYNOLDS, KM LATHAM, D SAUNDERS, M OLSON, R MILLER, B FOSTER, M SCHMOLDT, D STEFFENSON, J CUNNINGHAM, P BEDNAR, L AF REYNOLDS, KM LATHAM, D SAUNDERS, M OLSON, R MILLER, B FOSTER, M SCHMOLDT, D STEFFENSON, J CUNNINGHAM, P BEDNAR, L TI A DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR WATERSHED AND PROVINCE ANALYSIS IN THE PACIFIC-NORTHWEST SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article RP REYNOLDS, KM (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,3301 C ST,SUITE 200,ANCHORAGE,AK 99503, USA. RI Reynolds, Keith/B-3327-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 20 EP 22 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500003 ER PT J AU KOLLASCH, RP TWERY, MJ AF KOLLASCH, RP TWERY, MJ TI OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEM-DESIGN FOR NATURAL-RESOURCE DECISION-SUPPORT - THE NORTHEAST DECISION-MODEL SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The Northeast Decision Model (NED) for forest ecosystem management uses object-oriented design to maintain a consistent user interface while incorporating management goals for multiple objectives, analyzing current forest conditions, specifying recommendations for management alternatives, providing silvicultural prescriptions, and predicting future conditions under different scenarios. The prescription process in NED incorporates knowledge from experts in many disciplines into an integrated knowledge base to identify desired conditions for the forest ecosystem. This object-oriented design is constructed within a consistent, portable, graphical user interface and around several key tools for managing the many bits of information needed to produce silvicultural recommendations for forest ecosystem management. These tools include a data manager, inference engine, geographic data handling system, and hypertext system for user help and explanation. The knowledge bases needed for NED include description and quantification of desired conditions, analysis of current conditions, and prediction of future conditions. Integration of these know ledge bases into a consistent user interface through the use of an underlying object-oriented class structure is a design element of NED that may be useful to developers of other decision support systems. RP KOLLASCH, RP (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,180 CANFIELD ST,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 73 EP 84 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500009 ER PT J AU CLEAVES, DA AF CLEAVES, DA TI ASSESSING AND COMMUNICATING UNCERTAINTY IN DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS - LESSONS FROM AN ECOSYSTEM POLICY ANALYSIS SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Expert judgment is a prominent component of many decision support systems; these judgments are influenced by many sources of uncertainty. Uncertainty assessments can be used to compare alternative projects and risks, help prevent use of extreme decision strategies, help communicate and justify decisions, guide research, and establish monitoring programs to improve learning. The Forest Ecosystem Management and Assessment Team (FEMAT)'s assessment of options for the Pacific Northwest forests involved uncertainty elicitation from 70 biological experts about habitat effects of 10 management options. The principal issues that affected communication of these assessments involved understanding and agreement about problem structure, the quality of the subjective assessments being made, and the effect of option structuring and output format on decisions about acceptable levels of risk. Processes for eliciting uncertainty should strive for a clear understanding of the uncertain elements of a problem, mutual trust that judgments represent the experts' best thinking, and a clear separation between scientific judgment about a system and political evaluations of acceptable risks to society. RP CLEAVES, DA (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,701 LOYOLA AVE,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70113, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 87 EP 102 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500011 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, SB ROSCHKE, DJ HOLTFRERICH, DR AF WILLIAMS, SB ROSCHKE, DJ HOLTFRERICH, DR TI DESIGNING CONFIGURABLE DECISION-SUPPORT SOFTWARE - LESSONS LEARNED SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The prototype of the Integrated Forest Resource Management System (INFORMS) is a decision-support system designed to aid in project-level planning and in the development of environmental assessments on lands managed by the Forest Service. Components integrated in this tool include a geographic information system, a relational database management system, a user interface system, rule bases, and various simulation models. The system is designed to be flexible and thus accommodate any existing Ranger District databases and resource-analysis tools. The ultimate goal is to build a tool that is configurable across all Forest Service Districts. Implementation of this prototype in the USFS Southern Region and the exploratory use of the tool in another USFS Region have demonstrated the difficulties of building a tool that is usable throughout the highly decentralized environment of the Forest Service. Regions, and even individual Ranger Districts within them, employ a variety of planning processes, component tools, and database designs. Some level of restriction was probably unavoidable. RP WILLIAMS, SB (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PEST MANAGEMENT METHODS APPLICAT GRP,3825 E MULBERRY ST,FT COLLINS,CO 80524, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 103 EP 114 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500012 ER PT J AU LAACKE, RJ AF LAACKE, RJ TI BUILDING A DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT - KLEMS EXPERIENCE SO AI APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB A partnership of two universities and elements of the U.S. Forest Service, including Research and National Forest units, has been working to develop the analysis and communication tools necessary to support ecosystem management decisions. Progress to date includes: development of several elements of a decision support system (DSS), including a prototype temporal analysis data model for geographical information systems (GIS); linking a large wildlife habitat database to two GIS programs for analysis of ecosystem status and change; evolution of a wildlife-centered concept of landscape analysis; application of fuzzy set theory to resolve many data incompatibility questions and facilitate analyses using discrete, or class, response data. The DSS that is evolving is composed of discrete analysis tools, individually executable and individually understandable, which are ultimately linked to form a complete decision support system. Overall structure of the DSS is similar to that of one of its parts, the wildlife/ecosystem description module, in that people are an integral part of its function. Resource specialists and others assure that landscape data used are correct and applicable to the analyses by creation of rule sets that translate data and guide analyses. RP LAACKE, RJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW EXPT STN,2400 WASHINGTON AVE,REDDING,CA 96001, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AI APPLICATIONS UNIV IDAHO PI MOSCOW PA DEPT FOREST RESOURCES SIXTH & LINE STS, MOSCOW, ID 83843 SN 1051-8266 J9 AI APPLICATIONS JI AI Appl. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 3 BP 115 EP 127 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA RQ505 UT WOS:A1995RQ50500013 ER PT J AU CARPENTER, M BROWN, EW JOHNSON, WE BROUSSET, D OBRIEN, SJ AF CARPENTER, M BROWN, EW JOHNSON, WE BROUSSET, D OBRIEN, SJ TI VARIATION IN THE POL GENE OF FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IN PUMAS FROM NORTH, CENTRAL AND SOUTH-AMERICA SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SAIC,BIOL CARCINOGENESIS & DEV PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USDA,DEPT MICROBIAL GENET,CHARLESTON,WV. UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,COYOACAN,DF,MEXICO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PY 1995 VL 11 SU 1 BP S94 EP S94 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA RQ689 UT WOS:A1995RQ68900119 ER PT B AU GREER, JD AF GREER, JD BE Fishell, WG Andraitis, AA Henkel, PA Crane, AC TI Aerial reconnaissance, GPS & GIS in support of wildfire suppression; The Payette National Forest experience of 1994 SO AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE XIX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Airborne Reconnaissance XIX Conference CY JUL 11-12, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE; WILDFIRE; GPS; GIS; REMOTE SENSING; RESOURCE PROTECTION; SURVEILLANCE; PHOTOGRAPHY; FORESTRY; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT C1 US FOREST SERV,PAYETTE NATL FOREST,MCCALL,ID. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1914-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1995 VL 2555 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1117/12.218600 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BE15V UT WOS:A1995BE15V00004 ER PT B AU BOBBE, T MCKEAN, J ZIGADLO, J AF BOBBE, T MCKEAN, J ZIGADLO, J BE Fishell, WG Andraitis, AA Henkel, PA Crane, AC TI An evaluation of natural color and color infrared digital cameras as a remote sensing tool for natural resource management SO AIRBORNE RECONNAISSANCE XIX SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Airborne Reconnaissance XIX Conference CY JUL 11-12, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers DE REMOTE SENSING; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS); DIGITAL FRAME CAMERA; COLOR INFRARED IMAGERY C1 US FOREST SERV,NATIONWIDE FORESTRY APPLICAT PROGRAM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84119. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1914-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1995 VL 2555 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1117/12.218601 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BE15V UT WOS:A1995BE15V00013 ER PT S AU TENWOLDE, A CARLL, C MALINAUSKAS, V AF TENWOLDE, A CARLL, C MALINAUSKAS, V BE Modera, MP Persily, AK TI Airflows and moisture conditions in walls of manufactured homes SO AIRFLOW PERFORMANCE OF BUILDING ENVELOPES, COMPONENTS, AND SYSTEMS SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Airflow Performance of Building Envelopes, Components, and Systems CY OCT 10-11, 1993 CL DALLAS FORT WORTH AIRPORT, TX SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 6 Performance Bldg, Subcomm Infiltrat Perfor, mance DE AIR-FLOWS; BUILDINGS; CONDENSATION; HUMIDITY; MANUFACTURED HOUSING; MOISTURE; VENTILATION; WALLS C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-2023-0 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1995 VL 1255 BP 137 EP 155 DI 10.1520/STP14695S PG 19 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BE08W UT WOS:A1995BE08W00010 ER PT S AU Tyers, DB Irby, LR AF Tyers, DB Irby, LR BE Lankester, MW Timmermann, HR TI Shiras moose winter habitat use in the upper Yellowstone river valley prior to and after the 1988 fires SO ALCES, VOL 31, 1995: INCLUDING PAPERS FROM THE 31ST NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP SE ALCES : NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st North-American Moose Conference and Workshop CY APR 30-MAY 04, 1995 CL FUNDY NATL PARK, CANADA SP New Brunswick Dept Nat Resources & Energy, Fish & Wildlife Branch, New Brunswick Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, NBTel, NBTel Interact, Fraser Inc, Miramichi Pulp & Paper Inc, Stone Consolidated, NBIP Forest Prod, Juniper Lumber Co Ltd, Cougar Helicopters Inc RP Tyers, DB (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,GARDINER RANGER DIST,BOX 5,GARDINER,MT 59030, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONF AND WORKSHOP PI THUNDER BAY PA LAKEHEAD UNIV BOOK STORE, THUNDER BAY ON P7B 5EI, CANADA SN 0835-5851 J9 ALCES N AM PY 1995 VL 31 BP 35 EP 43 PG 9 WC Forestry; Zoology SC Forestry; Zoology GA BF99F UT WOS:A1995BF99F00004 ER PT S AU Belant, JL AF Belant, JL BE Lankester, MW Timmermann, HR TI Moose collisions with vehicles and trains in northeastern Minnesota SO ALCES, VOL 31, 1995: INCLUDING PAPERS FROM THE 31ST NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP SE ALCES : NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st North-American Moose Conference and Workshop CY APR 30-MAY 04, 1995 CL FUNDY NATL PARK, CANADA SP New Brunswick Dept Nat Resources & Energy, Fish & Wildlife Branch, New Brunswick Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, NBTel, NBTel Interact, Fraser Inc, Miramichi Pulp & Paper Inc, Stone Consolidated, NBIP Forest Prod, Juniper Lumber Co Ltd, Cougar Helicopters Inc RP Belant, JL (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,6100 COLUMBUS AVE,SANDUSKY,OH 44870, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU NORTH AMERICAN MOOSE CONF AND WORKSHOP PI THUNDER BAY PA LAKEHEAD UNIV BOOK STORE, THUNDER BAY ON P7B 5EI, CANADA SN 0835-5851 J9 ALCES N AM PY 1995 VL 31 BP 45 EP 52 PG 8 WC Forestry; Zoology SC Forestry; Zoology GA BF99F UT WOS:A1995BF99F00005 ER PT J AU FIELDS, M LURE, MD LEWIS, CG AF FIELDS, M LURE, MD LEWIS, CG TI ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE-MECHANISMS IN THE MALE-RAT - INTERACTION WITH ALCOHOL, COPPER, AND TYPE OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE ALCOHOL; COPPER; FRUCTOSE; STARCH ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ENZYME; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; IRON MOBILIZATION; DEFICIENT RATS; HEPATIC IRON; ETHANOL; FRUCTOSE; ABNORMALITIES; SELENIUM AB The activities of enzymes participating in cellular protection against free radical reactions were measured in hepatic tissues from copper-adequate and copper-deficient rats fed fructose or starch-based diets. Half of the rats consumed 20% ethanol in their drinking water. The consumption of ethanol depressed growth rate, reduced hematocrit, and hepatic copper concentration. Feed efficiency was greatly depressed by ethanol. Mortality due to copper deficiency occurred in fructose-fed rats and in starch-fed rats that drank ethanol. Ethanol had no effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidsase (GSH-Px), or catalase. In contrast, copper deficiency reduced SOD and fructose feeding depressed catalase activity. GSH-Px was not affected by either the type of dietary carbohydrate, copper, or ethanol. Taken together, these data suggest that additional mechanisms to antioxidant defense systems are responsible for the metabolic changes that occur during the interactions between ethanol low copper and dietary carbohydrates. RP FIELDS, M (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BLDG 307-E,RM 330,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 12 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/0741-8329(94)00071-K PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA QH865 UT WOS:A1995QH86500010 PM 7748516 ER PT S AU BOYETTE, CD ABBAS, HK AF BOYETTE, CD ABBAS, HK BE Inderjit, A Dakshini, KMM Einhellig, FA TI WEED-CONTROL WITH MYCOHERBICIDES AND PHYTOTOXINS - A NONTRADITIONAL APPLICATION OF ALLELOPATHY SO ALLELOPATHY: ORGANISMS, PROCESSES, AND APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Allelopathy - Organisms, Processes, and Applications CY AUG 01-05, 1993 CL AMES, IA SP AMER INST BIOL SCI, BOTAN SOC AMER SECT ID VELVETLEAF ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; JIMSONWEED DATURA-STRAMONIUM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; AAL-TOXIN; COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES; POTENTIAL BIOHERBICIDE; ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA; NORTHERN JOINTVETCH; INDUSTRIALISTS VIEW; RESEARCHERS VIEW AB Keys to the development of biologically-based agents such as mycoherbicides and phytotoxins as effective and practical components of weed management systems are the advancement of practical, reliable, cost-effective methods for their production, stabilization, formulation, and application. Some of the advantages of mycoherbicides over traditional chemical herbicides are their specificity for the target weed; absence of adverse effects on humans, wildlife or domestic animals; rapid degradation and absence of residues in surface or ground water, crops, soil or food chains. However, there are several intrinsic limitations which are common to nearly all biological agents which must be overcome before they will be widely acceptable for practical use. This chapter will discuss recent developments and advancements in inoculum production, formulation, and application technology of mycoherbicides and phytotoxins which show promise as weed control agents. Commercially produced mycoherbicides will also be discussed. RP BOYETTE, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 100 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3061-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 582 BP 280 EP 299 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Ecology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC16D UT WOS:A1995BC16D00021 ER PT S AU FUJIMOTO, DK WELLER, DM THOMASHOW, LS AF FUJIMOTO, DK WELLER, DM THOMASHOW, LS BE Inderjit, A Dakshini, KMM Einhellig, FA TI ROLE OF SECONDARY METABOLITES IN ROOT DISEASE SUPPRESSION SO ALLELOPATHY: ORGANISMS, PROCESSES, AND APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Allelopathy - Organisms, Processes, and Applications CY AUG 01-05, 1993 CL AMES, IA SP AMER INST BIOL SCI, BOTAN SOC AMER SECT ID GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS STRAIN; GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; PYTHIUM DAMPING-OFF; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PUTIDA WCS358; PLANT-GROWTH; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; CHLAMYDOSPORE GERMINATION; SIDEROPHORE BIOSYNTHESIS AB Bacterial secondary metabolites active in suppression of root diseases include antibiotics, siderophores and volatile compounds. With recombinant DNA technology it is possible to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms and structural genes involved in the production of these metabolites and to transfer genes for specific beneficial traits among bacterial strains. Some ''transgenic'' rhizobacteria that express such genes have provided greater protection against fungal pathogens of plants in growth chamber studies, indicating that genetic manipulation is a viable approach to the development of microbial biocontrol agents that are safe, reliable and effective. RP FUJIMOTO, DK (reprint author), USDA ARS,ROOT DIS & BIOL CONTROL RES UNIT,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 104 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3061-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 582 BP 330 EP 347 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Ecology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC16D UT WOS:A1995BC16D00024 ER PT S AU DUKE, SO ABBAS, HK AF DUKE, SO ABBAS, HK BE Inderjit, A Dakshini, KMM Einhellig, FA TI NATURAL-PRODUCTS WITH POTENTIAL USE AS HERBICIDES SO ALLELOPATHY: ORGANISMS, PROCESSES, AND APPLICATIONS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Allelopathy - Organisms, Processes, and Applications CY AUG 01-05, 1993 CL AMES, IA SP AMER INST BIOL SCI, BOTAN SOC AMER SECT ID F-SP LYCOPERSICI; ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA; MICROBIAL ORIGIN; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA; TOXIN; PHYTOTOXICITY; BIOSYNTHESIS; TENTOXIN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MICROORGANISM AB There is great incentive to discover effective and economically feasible herbicides that are toxicologically and environmentally benign. Several hundred active ingredients of herbicides are now sold world-wide. Virtually all of these compounds were discovered by screening compounds from organic chemical synthesis programs. Leads for the structure of one group of patented herbicides came from 1,8-cineole, a well known plant allelochemical. However, plants have thus far not been as lucrative as microbial products as a source of phytotoxic compounds with the potential for direct use as herbicides or as templates for new synthetic herbicide classes. Microbial phytotoxins have provided valuable information on potential molecular target sites for herbicides. This information has also been useful in probing the biochemistry of plants. Phosphinothricin (glufosinate when synthetic), a product of Streptomyces viridochromogenes, is a successful herbicide that is environmentally and toxicologically benign. Bialaphos, a tripeptide from S. hygroscopicus which degrades to phosphinothricin in target plants, is the only commercial herbicide produced by biosynthesis. Many other microbial products have been patented as herbicides and some of these are under active development. Most of these compounds are from non-plant pathogens; however, there is growing interest in utilizing plant pathogens as sources of herbicide leads. Tentoxin, cornexistin, and AAL-toxin are discussed in detail as examples of microbial toxins with the potential for herbicide development. An overview of natural phytotoxins that have been considered for herbicides is provided, as well as considerations of the pesticide industry in using this approach. RP DUKE, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 86 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3061-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 582 BP 348 EP 362 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Ecology SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC16D UT WOS:A1995BC16D00025 ER PT J AU ROUBENOFF, R AF ROUBENOFF, R TI TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR AND AIDS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE C1 US DEP AGR,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP ROUBENOFF, R (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,SCH MED,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLIN NUTRITION INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 61 IS 1 BP 161 EP 162 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QA888 UT WOS:A1995QA88800026 PM 7825530 ER PT J AU HEINE, WE BERTHOLD, HK KLEIN, PD AF HEINE, WE BERTHOLD, HK KLEIN, PD TI A NOVEL STABLE-ISOTOPE BREATH TEST - C-13-LABELED GLYCOSYL UREIDES USED AS NONINVASIVE MARKERS OF INTESTINAL TRANSIT-TIME SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOPERAMIDE; NALOXONE; HUMANS AB Objectives: Breath tests are widely used for diagnosis and control of treatment efficacy. There is a need for breath test substrates that reflect intestinal transit times under various conditions. Methods: We synthesized a new class of breath test substrates, C-13-labeled glycosyl ureides, which are specific markers for the action of colonic microbial flora. We then investigated their usefulness as markers of intestinal transit time. Results: Bolus ingestion of 1 g lactose or cellobiose C-13-ureide resulted in bacterial cleavage of the N-glycosyl bond and subsequent urea hydrolysis. (CO2)-C-13 appeared in breath and was determined by gas-isotope-ratio-mass spectrometry. Label first appeared after 5-6 h, peak excretion occurred between 8-14 h, and the signal returned to baseline after 18-24 h. Metoclopramide (10 mg) administered 1 h before the substrate advanced the onset of the signal by 2.4 +/- 1.95 h (mean +/- SD; n = 7;p < 0.05) and the time of peak response by 0.8 +/- 1.44 h, Loperamide (16 mg) broadened the peak and delayed the time of breath signal onset by 1.0 +/- 2.78 h and peak excretion by 4.0 +/- 3.7 h (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The glycosyl ureide breath test reflected intestinal transit time and rapid changes in gastrointestinal motility. This test should be useful in the diagnosis of a variety of gastrointestinal motility disorders and in the development of drugs that affect gastrointestinal motility. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77025. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RI Berthold, Heiner/E-6017-2011 OI Berthold, Heiner/0000-0002-1457-2216 NR 32 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 90 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QA696 UT WOS:A1995QA69600021 PM 7801958 ER PT J AU CATALANO, PM WONG, WW DRAGO, NM AMINI, SB AF CATALANO, PM WONG, WW DRAGO, NM AMINI, SB TI ESTIMATING BODY-COMPOSITION IN LATE-GESTATION - A NEW HYDRATION CONSTANT FOR BODY DENSITY AND TOTAL-BODY WATER SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE BODY FAT; FAT-FREE MASS; PREGNANCY ID ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS; PREGNANCY AB Twenty women underwent body density (D-B) measurements using underwater weighing with correction of residual lung volume by nitrogen dilution and total body water (TBW) using isotope dilution of O-18 to estimate body composition at 30 wk of gestation. D-B and TBW were used as independent variables in the same equation. The hydration constant (HC) of fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated as 0.762; based on this HC, new body composition equations for both D-B and TBW were derived. These equations were prospectively tested in an additional 20 women at 30 wk of gestation. No significant differences were detected between estimates of percent body fat (%F) using either the newly derived D-B or TBW equations and estimates of %F using both D-B and TBW. Ten of these forty women were evaluated postpartum. There was no significant difference in %F estimated by either TBW or D-B compared with standard equations (hydration of FFM = 0.72) and %F using both D-B and TBW. These results highlight the importance of either measuring both D-B and TBW or using an appropriate hydration constant for FFM in estimating body composition during pregnancy or conditions associated with increased body water. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PEDIAT, CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR, USDA ARS, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. RP CATALANO, PM (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV, METROHLTH MED CTR, DEPT REPROD BIOL, 2500 METROHLTH DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44109 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-109]; PHS HHS [22965] NR 21 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 268 IS 1 BP E153 EP E158 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA QB491 UT WOS:A1995QB49100022 PM 7840173 ER PT J AU CANNON, JG FIATARONE, MA MEYDANI, M GONG, JX SCOTT, L BLUMBERG, JB EVANS, WJ AF CANNON, JG FIATARONE, MA MEYDANI, M GONG, JX SCOTT, L BLUMBERG, JB EVANS, WJ TI AGING AND DIETARY MODULATION OF ELASTASE AND INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA SECRETION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FISH OIL; INFLAMMATION; LIPID PEROXIDES; ARACHIDONIC ACID; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID ID ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; HEALTHY ELDERLY SUBJECTS; VITAMIN-E; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; NEUTROPHIL FUNCTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ENZYME-RELEASE; FATTY-ACIDS; SUPPLEMENTATION; EXERCISE AB Aging is associated with diminished immune function that may stem from alterations in arachidonic acid metabolism and lipid peroxidation. This study sought to determine if dietary modification of fatty acids influenced neutrophil and monocyte secretion after an in vivo inflammatory stress in older human subjects. Volunteers participated in protocols that forced their quadriceps muscles to lengthen during tension development (eccentric stress). These protocols can cause inflammatory foci in the muscle as well as alterations in circulating leukocyte function. In this study, in vivo neutrophil degranulation was assessed by plasma elastase concentrations, and mononuclear cell function was assessed by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) secretion in vitro. In response to eccentric stress, older subjects (>60 yr old) taking a placebo had no apparent elastase response, whereas those taking fish oil supplements responded with a 142% increase in plasma elastase (P = 0.011), similar to responses of younger reference subjects (<33 yr old) taking no supplement. Overall, elastase responses correlated with individual plasma arachidonic acid-to-eicosapentaenoic acid ratios (r = -0.881, P = 0.004). Thus apparent age-related differences in elastase release were reconciled by individual differences in fatty acid nutriture. No significant temporal changes in urinary lipid peroxide excretion or IL-1 beta secretion were observed; however, age-associated differences were found. C1 TUFTS UNIV, USDA, HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. TUFTS UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT MED, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-39595] NR 36 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regulat. Integr. Compar. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 268 IS 1 BP R208 EP R213 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA QB499 UT WOS:A1995QB49900029 PM 7840322 ER PT J AU WEINDRUCH, R MARRIOTT, BM CONWAY, J KNAPKA, JJ LANE, MA CUTLER, RG ROTH, GS INGRAM, DK AF WEINDRUCH, R MARRIOTT, BM CONWAY, J KNAPKA, JJ LANE, MA CUTLER, RG ROTH, GS INGRAM, DK TI MEASURES OF BODY-SIZE AND GROWTH IN RHESUS AND SQUIRREL-MONKEYS SUBJECTED TO LONG-TERM DIETARY RESTRICTION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NUTRITION; OBESITY; ADIPOSITY; DEVELOPMENT; AGING; MORPHOMETRY; SKIN-FOLD THICKNESS; MACACA MULATTA; SAIMIRI SP ID FOOD RESTRICTION; PHYSICAL GROWTH; ENERGY-INTAKE; BABOONS; MALNUTRITION; WEIGHT; MICE; NUTRITION; PRIMATES; BIRTH AB Although many studies have reported the robust effects of dietary restriction (DR) in retarding numerous aging processes in rodents, little is known about the outcomes of reducing caloric intake of a nutritious diet on aging in primates. Most primate studies have concerned the effects of malnutrition. We hypothesized that DR influences aging processes in primate species as it does in rodents. In the present study, 24 male rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkeys (ages 0.6-5 years) and 25 male squirrel (Saimiri sp.) monkeys (ages 0.3-10 years) were provided diets formulated differently for each species but both fortified with vitamins and minerals (40% above recommended levels) as controls (approximating ad libitum levels) or experimentals (about 30% below the level of diet provided controls of comparable age and body weight). The results reported here concern the hypothesis that DR imposed during various developmental stages in these two primate species would affect morphometric parameters obtained at different occasions during the first 5 years of the study. Groups of older monkeys (rhesus: 18-25 years, n = 3; squirrel: 10-15 years, n = 4) were also included as controls for comparative purposes. Among groups of rhesus monkeys begun on DR prior to 6 years of age, growth in body weight and crown-rump length was reduced about 10-20% beginning after 1 year on the diet, with estimated food intake being reduced about 30-35% over this period. Measures of skin-fold thickness and various body circumference measures were also reduced in experimental groups of rhesus monkeys. In contrast, the DR regimen involving a different diet produced little impact on comparable measures in squirrel monkeys, with the estimated food intake being reduced only about 20-25% over this period. However, evidence of divergence in some morphometric parameters in squirrel monkeys was beginning to emerge in young groups (<5 years) after 3 years on the diet. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI. NATL ACAD SCI,FOOD & NUTR BOARD,WASHINGTON,DC 20418. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,ENERGY & PROT NUTR LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NIH,NATL CTR RES RESOURCES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIA,HOPKINS BAYVIEW MED CTR,CTR GERONTOL RES,MOLEC PHYSIOL & GENET SECT,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PY 1995 VL 35 IS 3 BP 207 EP 228 DI 10.1002/ajp.1350350304 PG 22 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA QJ092 UT WOS:A1995QJ09200003 ER PT J AU CHEUNG, AK AF CHEUNG, AK TI INVESTIGATION OF PSEUDORABIES VIRUS-DNA AND RNA IN TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA AND TONSIL TISSUES OF LATENTLY INFECTED SWINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REACTIVATION; INVITRO; PIGS; GENE AB Pseudorabies virus (PRV) nucleic acids in the trigeminal ganglia and tonsils of swine latently infected with the virus were analyzed. By use of DNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 14 of 14 trigeminal ganglia and 12 of 14 tonsils were positive for pry genomes. By use of RNA-PCR, RNA containing the large latency transcript splice junction were detected in 4 of 4 trigeminal ganglia and 4 of 5 tonsils. In general, results of both pen procedures indicated that the amounts of PRV DNA and RNA per microgram of cellular nucleic acids were higher in trigeminal ganglia than in tonsils. Identification of peripheral tissues that harbor latent PRV is an important asset for PRV research. The presence of large latency transcript in tonsil tissues, in the absence of virus replication, is a critical characteristic, which indicates that the tonsil is a site of PRV latency. For diagnostic purposes, animals need not be euthanatized to obtain their nervous tissue to determine latency; instead, tonsil biopsy specimens could be obtained from live animals for analysis. For pathogenesis studies, multiple specimens obtained sequentially from the same animal would be available for examination for the duration of the experiment. RP CHEUNG, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,VIROL SWINE RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 21 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 56 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA PZ927 UT WOS:A1995PZ92700008 PM 7535023 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, KL MOATS, WA RUSHING, JE WESEN, DP PAPICH, MG AF ANDERSON, KL MOATS, WA RUSHING, JE WESEN, DP PAPICH, MG TI POTENTIAL FOR OXYTETRACYCLINE ADMINISTRATION BY 3 ROUTES TO CAUSE MILK RESIDUES IN LACTATING COWS, AS DETECTED BY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY (CHARM-II) AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY TEST METHODS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES; TETRACYCLINE; CHLORTETRACYCLINE AB Milk antimicrobial residues are a serious concern for the dairy industry. Residues of the tetracycline family of antimicrobials have been reported in market milk by investigators, using radioimmunoassay and microbial receptor technology (hereafter referred to as the Charm II test). In response to these reports, an investigation was conducted to determine the potential of 3 extra-label routes of oxytetracycline (OTC) administration to cause milk residues above the Food and Drug Administration safe value of 30 parts per billion (ppb). Lactating Holstein cows were administered OTC once by use of 1 of 3 routes: rv at 16.5 mg/kg of body weight (n = 6); IM at 11 mg/kg (n = 6); and intrauterine (Iv) at 2 g in 500 mi of saline solution/cow (n = 6). Duplicate milk samples were collected at the milking prior to drug administration and for the next 13 milkings at 12-hour intervals. Concentrations of OTC in milk samples were analyzed by use of the Charm II test: for tetracyclines (limit of OTC detection, approx 5 ppb) and were compared with concentrations determined by use of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method (lower limit of OTC quantitation, approx 2 ppb). The potential for milk ore residues above the Food and Drug Administration safe value of 30 ppb after treatment was considerably greater for the IV and a? routes, compared with the IU route. Mean peak ore concentrations in milk at the first milking after treatment for the HPLC and Charm II tests were approximately 3,700 to 4,200 ppb for the Iv route, 2,200 to 2,600 ppb for the a? route, and 186 to 192 ppb for the rv route, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis, based on milk ore concentrations, indicated that the area under the curve (AUG) and milk maximal concentration (Cmax) differed significantly (P < 0.001) among routes of administration. The Ave was similar for Iv and IM administrations; values for both were greater than the AUC for IU administration. The Cmax was greatest for Iv, intermediate for IM, and least for IU administration. There were significant (P less than or equal to 0.01) differences in AUC between assay methods (Charm II vs HPLC) for the Iv route. Concentrations of OTC in milk determined by the Charm II test were often greater than those determined by HPLC. Administration of ore to lactating cows via these routes is extra-label drug use. Failure to withhold the product from early milkings of cows administered ore by the Iv or a? route should be considered a potential cause of ore residues in market: milk. Milk from nearly all cows contained ore (< 30 ppb), the Food and Drug Administration safe level, by 120 hours after OTC administration. Use of appropriate withholding times and antibiotic residue testing is indicated to avoid OTC residues. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT ANAT PHYSIOL SCI & RADIOL,RALEIGH,NC 27606. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT FOOD SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27606. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT ANIM SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27606. USDA,MEAT SCI RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP ANDERSON, KL (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT FOOD ANIM & EQUINE MED,RALEIGH,NC 27606, USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 56 IS 1 BP 70 EP 77 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA PZ927 UT WOS:A1995PZ92700013 PM 7695153 ER PT J AU GREENBERG, CH NEARY, DG HARRIS, LD LINDA, SP AF GREENBERG, CH NEARY, DG HARRIS, LD LINDA, SP TI VEGETATION RECOVERY FOLLOWING HIGH-INTENSITY WILDFIRE AND SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS IN SAND PINE SCRUB SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID LAKE WALES RIDGE; FIRE; FLORIDA; PLANT; DISTURBANCE; SUCCESSION; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY; SHRUBS AB We hypothesized that clear-cutting mimics natural high-intensity disturbance by wildfire followed by salvage logging in sand pine scrub, and tested whether vegetation adapted to recovery from fire would respond similarly to another type of biomass removal. We measured plant community composition and structural characteristics in three replicated disturbance treatments and in mature sand pine forest (MF). Treatments were: (1) high-intensity burn, salvage logged and naturally regenerated (HIBS); (2) clear-cut, roller-chopped, and broadcast-seeded (RC); and (3) clear-cut and bracke-seeded (BK). All treatments were sampled 5-7 yr postdisturbance. Nonwoody plant species richness and diversity were significantly lower in MF than in disturbance treatments. Ruderal species were more abundant in HIBS and RC, but not to the exclusion of the characteristic suite of native scrub species. Shrub richness and diversity did not differ, but some species responded differently among treatments. Differences may be due to season of disturbance or rhizome depth [e.g., Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small vs. Sabal etonia Swingle ex Nash.]. Oak stem density was significantly lower in HIBS and RC. Most structural characteristics were similar in HIBS, RC and BM but differed from MF. Results suggest that many scrub species responded similarly to aboveground biomass removal and the consequent structural and microclimatic conditions across these disturbance types. We suggest that plant resiliency traits, which evolved in response to the selective pressures of high-intensity disturbance and harsh environmental conditions, confer resiliency to human-caused disturbance as well. Mechanical biomass removal may be a suitable ecosystem management practice where burning is impractical. Due to the absence of a ''virgin'' (unsalvaged) burn treatment or pretreatment data and the short-term scope of this study, interpretation of results should be made with caution. C1 US FOREST SERV ROCKY MT STN,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT WILDLIFE & RANGE SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. FLORIDA GAME & FRESH WATER FISH COMMISS,GAINESVILLE,FL 32601. RP GREENBERG, CH (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SE FOREST EXPT STN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 55 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 133 IS 1 BP 149 EP 163 DI 10.2307/2426356 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QD908 UT WOS:A1995QD90800015 ER PT J AU VEGA, SE BAMBERG, JB AF VEGA, SE BAMBERG, JB TI SCREENING THE UNITED-STATES POTATO COLLECTION FOR FROST HARDINESS SO AMERICAN POTATO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COLD; STRESS; EVALUATION; SOLANUM SPECIES; NRSP-6 ID BEARING AB Potato is one of the most important world vegetables with respect to value of production and nutritional impact. Frost susceptibility reduces or precludes production on millions of hectares worldwide. In contrast to disease and pest problems, cultural or chemical treatments are not likely to be helpful in combating frost, so genetic improvement must be sought. Fortunately, wild relatives of the cultivated potato have been shown to exhibit frost tolerance far superior to that of cultivated species. In this research, over 2,600 accessions representing 101 species in the US potato collection at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin were visually screened after natural frosts in a uniform field in 1992. This provided a more comprehensive survey of germplasm accessions, further characterized species' hardiness and intraspecific variation. The most hardy species were Solanum acaule, S. albicans, S. commersonii, and S. demissum. An additional previously unreported extremely frost hardy species (Solanum paucissectum) was discovered. This information should expand the insights and germplasm options available to those intent on breeding desirable varieties with high levels of frost hardiness. C1 USDA ARS,VEGETABLE CROPS RES UNIT,POTATO INTRODUCT STN,NRSP-6,4312 HWY 42,STURGEON BAY,WI 54235. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU POTATO ASSN AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE 114 DEERING HALL, ORONO, ME 04469 SN 0003-0589 J9 AM POTATO J JI Am. Potato J. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1007/BF02874375 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QE750 UT WOS:A1995QE75000002 ER PT J AU BAMBERG, JB AF BAMBERG, JB TI SCREENING POTATO (SOLANUM) SPECIES FOR MALE-FERTILITY UNDER HEAT-STRESS SO AMERICAN POTATO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GERMPLASM; WILD SPECIES; EVALUATION ID POLLEN FERTILITY; TOLERANCE AB Heat stress limits botanical seed production by inhibiting flowering, pollen production and pollen viability. Three accessions (PIs) of each of 23 diverse Solanum species were screened for stability of fertility parameters under heat stress. Seedlings were grown to flowering in temperate conditions (16-25 C), then treated with three weeks of heat stress of up to 45 C for 4-6 hours per day at midday with nighttime lows of 18 C, and compared to temperate-grown controls. A highly significant effect of species, temperature, and their interaction was detected for flowering. This means species were inherently different and heat had a general depressing effect, but the degree of that effect varied among species. While most species had little flowering in the hot house, S. commersonii and microdontum flowered significantly more there than in the temperature house. Of species which flowered in hot conditions, some shed no pollen and some had good shed of mostly dead pollen, but only S. commersonii, jamesii, kurtzianum and megistacrolobum had good flowering, pollen shed and viability. This work is expected to contribute to the study of the genetic and physiological bases of heat stress fertility, true potato seed (TPS) breeding, and possibly improvement of tomato production under heat stress. RP BAMBERG, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS,VEGETABLE CROPS RES UNIT,NRSP-6,POTATO INTRODUCT STN,4312 HWY 42,STURGEON BAY,WI 54235, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU POTATO ASSN AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE 114 DEERING HALL, ORONO, ME 04469 SN 0003-0589 J9 AM POTATO J JI Am. Potato J. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1007/BF02874376 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QE750 UT WOS:A1995QE75000003 ER PT J AU DEAHL, KL DEMUTH, SP SINDEN, SL RIVERAPENA, A AF DEAHL, KL DEMUTH, SP SINDEN, SL RIVERAPENA, A TI IDENTIFICATION OF MATING TYPES AND METALAXYL RESISTANCE IN NORTH-AMERICAN POPULATIONS OF PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS SO AMERICAN POTATO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE LATE BLIGHT; FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE; RIDOMIL(R) ID POTATO FIELDS; SENSITIVITY; PHENOTYPES; STRAINS; FITNESS; ENGLAND; CROPS; WALES AB The A2 mating type of Phytophthora infestans was first reported in the United States in 1990. Concurrently, P. infestans strains resistant to metalaxyl were found in the Pacific Northwest. Collaborative surveys were undertaken during 1991-1993 to investigate the frequency of occurrence of A2 mating types and metalaxyl resistant strains in populations of P. infestans isolated from outbreaks of late blight in potato and tomato crops in North America. In vitro testing indicated that isolates from the northeastern U.S. and Atlantic Canada were primarily (52/55) metalaxyl sensitive and all were A1 mating types. Among 85 isolates from late blight epidemics in Florida and Texas, greater than 61% were both metalaxyl resistant and A2 mating type. Metalaxyl resistance and A2 mating types were identified also in a few tomato isolates from North Carolina. Although the majority of 134 isolates from the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia and Washington) were metalaxyl resistant, only 2 isolates from Washington were A2 mating types. Among 111 isolates from 2 sites in central Mexico, 63% and 77% were both metalaxyl resistant and A2 mating types. The data indicate also a higher frequency of metalaxyl resistance in A2 isolates, than in A1 isolates, among isolates from Florida and Texas. Highest metalaxyl resistance levels were found, however, in A1 isolates from California, where no A2 isolates were recovered. C1 TOLUCA RES STN,METAPC,MEXICO. RP DEAHL, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,VEGETABLE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 32 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU POTATO ASSN AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE 114 DEERING HALL, ORONO, ME 04469 SN 0003-0589 J9 AM POTATO J JI Am. Potato J. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1007/BF02874378 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA QE750 UT WOS:A1995QE75000004 ER PT J AU MOREAU, RA POWELL, MJ OSMAN, SF WHITAKER, BD FETT, WF ROTH, L OBRIEN, DJ AF MOREAU, RA POWELL, MJ OSMAN, SF WHITAKER, BD FETT, WF ROTH, L OBRIEN, DJ TI ANALYSIS OF INTACT HOPANOIDS AND OTHER LIPIDS FROM THE BACTERIUM ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROKARYOTIC TRITERPENOIDS; ETHANOL; BACTERIOHOPANETETROL AB Hopanoids and other lipids were extracted from Zymomonas mobilis and quantitatively analyzed by highperformance liquid chromatography. Previous methods for hopanoid analysis required derivatization of the hopanoids via periodate oxidation or acetylation. The current method employs a normal-phase silica gel column, a ternary gradient of hexane-isopropanol-water-triethylamine, and detection with a flame ionization detector. Three major hopanoid classes were separated and quantified by this new method, and together they comprised 30 to 40% of the total lipid in these cells. Mass spectrometry confirmed that chemical structures of these hopanoids were consistent with those previously proposed. In addition, several other common lipid classes (free fatty acids and six classes of common phospholipids), comprising the remaining 60 to 70% of the total lipids, were also separated and quantified. This new chromatographic method represents the first technique for the analysis and purification of intact hopanoids. This method should be useful for the analysis and purification of hopanoids from other bacterial species. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP MOREAU, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JAN 1 PY 1995 VL 224 IS 1 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1006/abio.1995.1043 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA QB306 UT WOS:A1995QB30600043 PM 7710085 ER PT J AU ROTH, LH MOREAU, RA POWELL, MJ OBRIEN, DJ AF ROTH, LH MOREAU, RA POWELL, MJ OBRIEN, DJ TI SEMIPREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF INTACT HOPANOIDS FROM ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIPID CLASSES AB Hopanoids are an important class of molecules that play a structural and physiological role in the membrane processes of prokaryotic and plant cells. Studies on the function of hopanoids require milligram quantities but have been limited by current procedures for isolation and characterization: most separations have isolated only derivatized compounds of hopane in microgram quantities. Our method employs aminopropyl bonded-phase solid-phase extraction columns with sequential elution and silica semipreparative HPLC with isocratic elution. When applied to freeze-dried cells of Zymomonas mobilis, the procedure separated the three major hopanoids present (bacteriohopanetetrol, bacteriohopanetetrol-glucosamine, and bacteriohopanetetrol-ether) from the other lipid classes. Using the solid-phase extraction column, a fraction containing an average of 3.3 mg of bacteriohopanetetrol per gram dry weight of cells was recovered without any detectable impurities along with a fraction that contained a mixture of the other two hopanoids. After this mixture was subsequently purified by semipreparative HPLC, approximately 4.7 mg of bacteriohopanetetrol-glucosamine and 3.6 mg of bacteriohopanetetrol-ether per gram dry weight of cells could be separated and recovered. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP ROTH, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JAN 1 PY 1995 VL 224 IS 1 BP 302 EP 308 DI 10.1006/abio.1995.1044 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA QB306 UT WOS:A1995QB30600044 PM 7710086 ER PT J AU Welch, GR Waldbieser, GC Wall, RJ Johnson, LA AF Welch, GR Waldbieser, GC Wall, RJ Johnson, LA TI Flow cytometric sperm sorting and PCR to confirm separation of X- and Y-chromosome bearing bovine sperm SO ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SEX PRESELECTION; DNA; SPERMATOZOA; AMPLIFICATION; POPULATIONS; HUMANS; CELL; ZFY AB The successful separation of X- and Y-chromosome bearing sperm is dependent on the accurate assessment of their proportion in a population. In this study, their proportion was determined by molecular genetic analysis of hundreds of single sperm or by flow cytometric measurement of thousands of sperm. Separation was achieved by staining the DNA of bovine sperm with a viable dye, Hoechst 33342, to enable flow cytometric resolution and sorting of purified X or Y sperm populations. The resulting proportions of X and Y sperm (sort purities) have routinely been determined by flow cytometric reanalysis of the sorted sperm for their DNA content and subsequent curve fitting. Additional sort purity validation can now be achieved through molecular genetic analysis of single sperm. In this report individual X- and Y-bearing intact sperm, prepared from neat semen, were sorted based on their total DNA content. The highly conserved zinc finger allele which resides on both the X and Y chromosome (zfx and zfy) was amplified using nested allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The first round amplification product of the zfx/zfy locus was subjected to a second round of amplification in which both allele specific primer pairs were included. Specific products were then separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Intact bovine sperm can be effectively sorted by flow cytometry into purities of 90% for X and 90% for Y as determined by either flow cytometric reanalysis of several thousand sperm or molecular genetic analysis of hundreds of individual sperm. C1 USDA ARS,GENE EVALUAT & MAPPING LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Welch, GR (reprint author), USDA ARS,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1049-5398 J9 ANIM BIOTECHNOL JI Anim. Biotechnol. PY 1995 VL 6 IS 2 BP 131 EP 139 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TW695 UT WOS:A1995TW69500007 ER PT J AU HOWARD, FW NAKAHARA, S WILLIAMS, DS AF HOWARD, FW NAKAHARA, S WILLIAMS, DS TI THYSANOPTERA AS APPARENT POLLINATORS OF WEST-INDIES MAHOGANY, SWIETENIA-MAHAGONI (MELIACEAE) SO ANNALES DES SCIENCES FORESTIERES LA English DT Note DE THYSANOPTERA; THRIPS; POLLINATION; MAHOGANY; SWIETENIA; TROPICAL TREE AB Studies were conducted to elucidate the putative role of insects in pollination of West Indies mahogany, Swietenia mahagoni Jacquin, in Florida. Thrips (Thysanoptera), including Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan), Finsularis (Franklin), Frankliniella sp, Pseudothrips inequalis (Beach) (Thripidae), and an unidentified thrips larva (Phlaeothripidae), were the only insects found to be associated with the flowers. Thrips were found in 12 to 59% of the flowers from 7 different collecting sites 27-82 km apart. Most of the flowers sampled were staminate. The thrips were observed inside the staminal tube, where there was abundant pollen, and entered and left the staminal tube through the space between this structure and the stigma, usually through a marginal cleft, thus forcing them into contact with an anther and the edge of the stigma. This behavior may assist pollination. Most thrips sampled had mahogany pollen adhering to them. The identification of pollen was verified by scanning electron microscopy. The evidence that thrips are important pollinators of mahoganies is discussed in relation to flower biology and pollination ecology and application of this knowledge to breeding for improvement of mahoganies. C1 USDA ARS,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. DEPT MICROBIOL & CELL BIOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP HOWARD, FW (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,FT LAUDERDALE RES & EDUC CTR,3205 COLL AVE,FT LAUDERDALE,FL 33314, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0003-4312 J9 ANN SCI FOREST JI Ann. Sci. For. PY 1995 VL 52 IS 3 BP 283 EP 286 DI 10.1051/forest:19950308 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QU070 UT WOS:A1995QU07000008 ER PT J AU GAGNE, RJ AF GAGNE, RJ TI REVISION OF TETRANYCHID (ACARINA) MITE PREDATORS OF THE GENUS FELTIELLA (DIPTERA, CECIDOMYIIDAE) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE FELTIELLA; KEY; REVISION ID NATURAL ENEMIES; SPIDER MITES AB The genus Feltiella is revised and redescribed, and a key to males is given. Eight species are known: the nearly cosmopolitan Feltiella acarisuga (Vallot), new combination; Feltiella acarivora (Zehntner), new combination, from Java; Feltiella curtistylus Gagne from Brazil; Feltiella insular's (Felt), new combination, from eastern United States, West Indies, and Colombia; Feltiella ligulata Gagne, new species, from the Azores; Feltiella occidentalis (Felt) from California; Feltiella pini (Felt) from North and Central America and the West Indies; and Feltiella reducta (Felt) from New York. Larvae feed exclusively on spider mites (Tetranychidae). The more common species are known to prey on several species of mites. Therodiplosis Kieffer is a new junior synonym of Feltiella Rubsaamen. Feltiella minuta (Felt), Feltiella tetranychi Rubsaamen, Therordiplosis persicae Kieffer, Feltiella davisi Felt, Arthrocnodax rutherfordi Felt, Feltiella americana Felt, Feltiella ithacae Felt, Therodiplosis beglarovi Mamaev, and Feltiella quadrata Kashyap are new junior synonyms of F. acarisuga (Vallot). Feltiella carolina (Felt), Arthrocnodax constricta Felt, and Feltiella venatoria Felt are new junior synonyms of F. insularis. Feltiella acarivora (Felt), a junior homonym of F. acarivora Zehntner, is a new synonym of F. occidentalis. Feltiella acerifoliae (Felt), Feltiella borealis (Felt), Feltiella spinosa (Felt), and Feltiella macgregori (Felt) are new junior synonyms of F: pini. Five species previously assigned to Feltiella or Therodiplosis are removed either to other genera or left unplaced in the supertribe Cecidomyiidi: Feltiella acarinivora Tolg, uncertain placement; Mycodiplosis asiatica (Marikovskij), new combination; Therodiplosis arcuata Grover and Bakhshi, uncertain placement; Therodiplosis globata Grover, uncertain placement; and Feltiella minuta Grover, uncertain placement. RP GAGNE, RJ (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM,USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,NHB-168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 59 TC 18 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 88 IS 1 BP 16 EP 30 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QC816 UT WOS:A1995QC81600004 ER PT J AU SPOONER, DM DEJONG, DCD SUN, BY STUESSY, TF GENGLER, KM NESOM, GL BERRY, PE AF SPOONER, DM DEJONG, DCD SUN, BY STUESSY, TF GENGLER, KM NESOM, GL BERRY, PE TI CHROMOSOME COUNTS OF COMPOSITAE FROM ECUADOR AND VENEZUELA SO ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN LA English DT Article ID NUMBERS AB Forty-three chromosome counts of Compositae are reported from Ecuador and Venezuela. A first generic count is reported for Stuckertiella Beauverd (n = 11-12), and first counts also are reported for 15 species in Ageratina Spach, Chromolaena DC., Coespeletia Cuatrec., Erigeron L., Espeletia Mutis, Gynoxys Cass., Hinterhubera Sch. Bip., Oritrophium (HBK) Cuatrec., Pentacalia Cass., Ruilopezia Cuatrec., Senecio L., Tanacetum L., and Vasquezia Phil. Additional counts also are provided for 23 populations of previously counted taxa, two of which are new numbers. The taxonomic implications of certain of these counts are discussed. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,RAYMOND WALTERS COLL,DEPT BIOL,CINCINNATI,OH 45236. CHONBUK NATL UNIV,DEPT BIOL,CHONJU 560756,SOUTH KOREA. OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT BIOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. UNIV TEXAS,HERBARIUM,AUSTIN,TX 78713. MISSOURI BOT GARDEN,ST LOUIS,MO 63166. RP SPOONER, DM (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,USDA ARS,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN PI ST LOUIS PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 SN 0026-6493 J9 ANN MO BOT GARD JI Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. PY 1995 VL 82 IS 4 BP 596 EP 602 DI 10.2307/2399840 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC369 UT WOS:A1995TC36900009 ER PT J AU BLAINE, TW MOHAMMED, G RUPPEL, F VAR, T AF BLAINE, TW MOHAMMED, G RUPPEL, F VAR, T TI US DEMAND FOR VIETNAM TOURISM SO ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH LA English DT Note C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP BLAINE, TW (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,NE DIST EXTENS,WOOSTER,OH 44691, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0160-7383 J9 ANN TOURISM RES JI Ann. Touris. Res. PY 1995 VL 22 IS 4 BP 934 EP 936 DI 10.1016/0160-7383(96)80745-6 PG 3 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA TG903 UT WOS:A1995TG90300012 ER PT J AU MCGUIRE, AD MELILLO, JM JOYCE, LA AF MCGUIRE, AD MELILLO, JM JOYCE, LA TI THE ROLE OF NITROGEN IN THE RESPONSE OF FOREST NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION TO ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Review DE CARBON DIOXIDE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NITROGEN CYCLE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RESPIRATION ID LIRIODENDRON-TULIPIFERA L; CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL; LOBLOLLY-PINE SEEDLINGS; BETULA-PENDULA ROTH; CHENOPODIUM-ALBUM L; CO2 ENRICHMENT; GROWTH-RESPONSE; USE EFFICIENCY; WATER-STRESS; QUERCUS-ALBA AB We review experimental studies to evaluate how the nitrogen cycle influences the response of forest net primary production (NPP) to elevated CO(2). The studies in our survey report that at the tissue level, elevated CO(2) reduces leaf nitrogen concentration an average 21%, but that it has a smaller effect on nitrogen concentrations in stems and fine roots. In contrast, higher soil nitrogen availability generally increases leaf nitrogen concentration. Among studies that manipulate both soil nitrogen availability and atmospheric CO(2), photosynthetic response depends on a linear relationship with the response of leaf nitrogen concentration and the amount of change in atmospheric CO(2) concentration. Although elevated CO(2) often results in reduced tissue respiration rate per unit biomass, the link to changes in tissue nitrogen concentration is not well studied. C1 US FOREST SERV, ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN, FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA. RP MCGUIRE, AD (reprint author), MARINE BIOL LAB, CTR ECOSYST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA. NR 136 TC 135 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 20 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4162 J9 ANNU REV ECOL SYST JI Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. PY 1995 VL 26 BP 473 EP 503 DI 10.1146/annurev.es.26.110195.002353 PG 31 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA TH330 UT WOS:A1995TH33000022 ER PT J AU COHEN, AC AF COHEN, AC TI EXTRAORAL DIGESTION IN PREDACEOUS TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODA SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Review DE DIGESTIVE BIOCHEMISTRY; FEEDING ECOLOGY; EVOLUTION OF FEEDING; MOUTHPART MORPHOLOGY; PREDATOR BEHAVIOR ID PARTIAL PREY CONSUMPTION; ORIGINAL FEEDING-HABITS; HETEROPTERAN PREDATOR; HEMIPTERA INSECTA; HANDLING TIME; SIZE; ORGANIZATION; SPIDERS; FOOD AB At least 74% of predaceous land-dwelling arthropods use extra-oral digestion (EOD) as a means of utilizing relatively large prey with intractable cuticles. Through the injection of potent hydrolytic enzymes, either by refluxing or nonrefluxing application, these predators greatly increase the efficiency of prey extraction and nutrient concentration. The advantages of EOD are expressed ecologically as an abbreviation of handling time and an increase in the nutrient density of consumed food, allowing small predators to consume relatively large prey. The basis of EOD is a highly coordinated combination of biochemical, morphological, and behavioral adaptations that vary with different taxa. RP COHEN, AC (reprint author), USDA ARS,WESTERN COTTON RES LAB,PHOENIX,AZ 85040, USA. NR 107 TC 161 Z9 174 U1 3 U2 28 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4170 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 1995 VL 40 BP 85 EP 103 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.40.1.85 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QB588 UT WOS:A1995QB58800005 ER PT J AU HAUNERLAND, NH SHIRK, PD AF HAUNERLAND, NH SHIRK, PD TI REGIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL-DIFFERENTIATION IN THE INSECT FAT-BODY SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Review DE FAT BODY HETEROGENEITY; METAMORPHOSIS; STORAGE PROTEIN METABOLISM ID 29-KDA HEMOCYTE PROTEINASE; LAST-LARVAL INSTAR; URIC-ACID STORAGE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SARCOPHAGA-PEREGRINA; HORMONAL-CONTROL; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; HEMOGLOBIN-SYNTHESIS; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA AB Insect fat body historically has been considered a single tissue with multiple and diverse metabolic functions. Recent findings indicate that functionally distinct regions of fat body exist in some insects and that these regions often have unique morphologies. Regionally differentiated fat bodies in Lepidoptera have been associated with the segregation of synthetic and storage activities. The loss of biosynthetic capacity for storage proteins at the beginning of metamorphosis is the consequence of the histolysis of a larval specific histotype, whereas the histotype that accumulates storage proteins persists into the adult stage. In Diptera, functional histotypes are arranged along the anterior-posterior axis and between the larval and adult stages. Based on these models, we predict that the use of immunological and molecular probes will lead to the identification of regionally and functionally differentiated fat body histotypes in many insects. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. RP HAUNERLAND, NH (reprint author), SIMON FRASER UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,BURNABY,BC V5A 1S6,CANADA. NR 91 TC 63 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 8 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4170 J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Entomol. PY 1995 VL 40 BP 121 EP 145 DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.40.1.121 PG 25 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QB588 UT WOS:A1995QB58800007 ER PT J AU SAMUELS, GJ SEIFERT, KA AF SAMUELS, GJ SEIFERT, KA TI THE IMPACT OF MOLECULAR CHARACTERS ON SYSTEMATICS OF FILAMENTOUS ASCOMYCETES SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE SYSTEMATICS; ASCOMYCETES; DEUTEROMYCETES; PHYLOGENY ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER AGGREGATE; RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; ACREMONIUM ENDOPHYTES; COCHLIOBOLUS-CARBONUM; FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; POPULATION-GENETICS AB Information derived from nucleic acid analyses either has complemented phylogenetic arguments based on phenetic characters or facilitated choice among competing hypotheses. Despite limited taxon sampling, a picture of the interrelationships of filamentous Ascomycetes at higher taxonomic levels is developing. Intergeneric relationships within groups that include economically important fungi (e.g. Eurotiales, Hypocreales) are being clarified, and generic circumscriptions redefined, Molecular analyses have supported predictions of links between individual asexual species of groups or asexual species of the Fungi Imperfecti, and groups of Ascomycete genera and species. However, individual asexual species have not been linked unequivocally to individual Ascomycete species. Anamorph names are necessary and should be retained because teleomorphs may not be recognized in vivo nor formed in vitro. In the few cases where phenetic and molecular phylogenies seem irreconcilable, the ribosomal genes may not give the most parsimonious explanation. The taxon name ''Plectomycetes'' is confused and should be dropped. C1 AGR & AGRIFOOD CANADA,RES BRANCH,CTR LAND & BIOL RESOURCES RES,OTTAWA,ON K1A 0C6,CANADA. RP SAMUELS, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SYSTEMAT BOT & MYCOL LAB,ROOM 304,B-011A,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 172 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4286 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 1995 VL 33 BP 37 EP 67 PG 31 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RZ802 UT WOS:A1995RZ80200003 PM 18288894 ER PT J AU BAKER, CJ ORLANDI, EW AF BAKER, CJ ORLANDI, EW TI ACTIVE OXYGEN IN PLANT PATHOGENESIS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE CATALASE; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; PEROXIDASE; NAD(P)H OXIDASE; LIPOXYGENASE ID INDUCED HYPERSENSITIVE REACTION; ARMORACIA-LAPATHIFOLIA-GILIB; TOBACCO CELL-SUSPENSIONS; HYPHAL WALL COMPONENTS; SYRINGAE PV SYRINGAE; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDATIVE BURST; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE AB Plant cells produce active oxygen during interactions with potential pathogens. Active oxygen species, including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical, could potentially affect many cellular processes involved in plant/pathogen interactions. Active oxygen can be difficult to monitor in plant cells because many of the species are short-lived and are subject to cellular antioxidant mechanisms such as superoxide dismutases, peroxidases, the ascorbate/glutathione cycle, and catalase. Modifications of the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay have facilitated studies on both the production and scavenging of active oxygen that occurs during incompatible plant/bacteria interactions. Many potential sources for active oxygen production have been identified such as NADPH oxidases and peroxidases, but it is still unclear which mechanisms predominate during plant/pathogen interactions. The active oxygen produced in response to pathogens and elicitors has been hypothesized to have direct antimicrobial effects and to play a role in other defense mechanisms including lignin production, lipid peroxidation, phytoalexin production, and the hypersensitive response. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT BOT,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP BAKER, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 107 TC 576 Z9 642 U1 7 U2 39 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4286 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 1995 VL 33 BP 299 EP 321 DI 10.1146/annurev.py.33.090195.001503 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RZ802 UT WOS:A1995RZ80200013 PM 18999963 ER PT J AU JONES, SS MURRAY, TD ALLAN, RE AF JONES, SS MURRAY, TD ALLAN, RE TI USE OF ALIEN GENES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE TRITICUM AESTIVUM; WILD WHEAT; DISEASE RESISTANCE; PLANT BREEDING ID BARLEY YELLOW DWARF; STREAK MOSAIC-VIRUS; STRAWBREAKER FOOT ROT; EYESPOT PSEUDOCERCOSPORELLA-HERPOTRICHOIDES; WINTER-WHEAT; CEPHALOSPORIUM STRIPE; AGROPYRON-ELONGATUM; AEGILOPS-VENTRICOSA; ELYTRIGIA-ELONGATA; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM AB The genus Triticum contains three ploidy levels and about 30 species. Most of these species have been investigated as sources of disease-resistance genes and several have been used in successful transfers of resistance to domestic wheat (T. aestivum, genomes AABBDD). In addition, at least six genera from the tribe Triticeae have been used successfully as donors of disease-resistance genes for domestic wheat. The amount of alien chromatin involved in these transfers varies from a single gene to chromosome arms or entire chromosomes. No attempt was made in this review to describe all alien resistance gene transfers in wheat or to outline the various techniques involved. Alien disease resistance genes covered in detail are those that confer resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus, wheat streak mosaic virus, Cephalosporium stripe (caused by Cephalosporium gramineum) and eyespot (caused by Pseudocerosporella herpotrichoides). C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,PULLMAN,WA 99164. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP JONES, SS (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. RI Murray, Timothy/A-9771-2016 OI Murray, Timothy/0000-0002-6772-202X NR 94 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0066-4286 J9 ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL JI Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. PY 1995 VL 33 BP 429 EP 443 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RZ802 UT WOS:A1995RZ80200018 PM 18999968 ER PT J AU KOCHIAN, LV AF KOCHIAN, LV TI CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF ALUMINUM TOXICITY AND RESISTANCE IN PLANTS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ALUMINUM RESISTANCE; METAL STRESS; ROOT; ALUMINUM EXCLUSION; ALUMINUM TOLERANCE ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; CATION-EXCHANGE CAPACITY; HYDROXY-ALUMINUM; NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; ROOT ELONGATION; WHEAT ROOTS; SENSITIVE CULTIVARS; SOLUTION CULTURE; METAL TOXICITY; EXCISED ROOTS AB Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the major factor limiting crop productivity on acid soils, which comprise up to 40% of the world's arable lands. Also, many native and crop plants exhibit genetic-based variability in Al sensitivity that has allowed plant breeders to develop Al-resistant crops. Considerable research has been directed to elucidating the mechanisms of Al toxicity and resistance in recent years. However, these processes are still poorly understood. This review examines our current understanding of cellular mechanisms of Al toxicity and resistance. The major symptom of Al toxicity is a rapid inhibition of root growth, which has been proposed to be caused by a number of different mechanisms, including Al interactions within the cell wall, the plasma membrane, or the root symplasm. Al resistance has been speculated to be the result of either exclusion of Al from the root apex or the tolerance of symplasmic Al. This review focuses on those mechanisms for which some evidence exists as well as on some controversial aspects of Al phytotoxicity and resistance. RP KOCHIAN, LV (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV, USDA ARS, US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X NR 120 TC 987 Z9 1186 U1 21 U2 125 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1040-2519 J9 ANNU REV PLANT PHYS JI Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Molec. Biol. PY 1995 VL 46 BP 237 EP 260 DI 10.1146/annurev.pp.46.060195.001321 PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA RP622 UT WOS:A1995RP62200011 ER PT B AU SCHNEIDER, JP KARMAKER, AC AF SCHNEIDER, JP KARMAKER, AC GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS TI Composites from jute- and kenaf-reinforced polypropylene SO ANTEC 95 - THE PLASTICS CHALLENGER: A REVOLUTION IN EDUCATION, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPECIAL AREAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - The Plastics Challenge: A Revolution in Education CY MAY 07-11, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Plast Engineers C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 BN 1-56676-319-3 PY 1995 BP 2086 EP 2090 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA BD81E UT WOS:A1995BD81E00370 ER PT B AU TATARKA, PD AF TATARKA, PD GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS TI Can agricultural materials compete with expanded polystyrene in the loose-fill market? SO ANTEC 95 - THE PLASTICS CHALLENGER: A REVOLUTION IN EDUCATION, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS I-III: VOL I: PROCESSING; VOL II: MATERIALS; VOL III: SPECIAL AREAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 53rd Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers - The Plastics Challenge: A Revolution in Education CY MAY 07-11, 1995 CL BOSTON, MA SP Soc Plast Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 BN 1-56676-319-3 PY 1995 BP 2225 EP 2231 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA BD81E UT WOS:A1995BD81E00397 ER PT J AU BATRA, SWT AF BATRA, SWT TI BEES AND POLLINATION IN OUR CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Review DE APOIDEA; POLLINATION; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; MANAGEMENT ID UNITED-STATES CROPS; HONEY-BEES; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FLORAL VISITORS; BOMBUS LATR; POLLEN; HYMENOPTERA; ABUNDANCE; SEED AB This is a review of the early literature demonstrating the adequacy of pollination by local bee populations before intensive and extensive agricultural practices. Although not always the best pollinators, honey bees were used in crops when populations of other bees crashed. Publications on managing and conserving pollen bees are included because interest in sustainable agriculture and biodiversity of bees and host plants is increasing. RP BATRA, SWT (reprint author), USDA ARS,BEE RES LAB,BLDG 476,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 152 TC 34 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 28 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PY 1995 VL 26 IS 5 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1051/apido:19950501 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA TF616 UT WOS:A1995TF61600001 ER PT J AU RINDERER, TE OLDROYD, BP WONGSIRI, S SYLVESTER, HA DEGUZMAN, LI STELZER, JA RIGGIO, RM AF RINDERER, TE OLDROYD, BP WONGSIRI, S SYLVESTER, HA DEGUZMAN, LI STELZER, JA RIGGIO, RM TI A MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARISON OF THE DWARF HONEY-BEES OF SOUTHEASTERN THAILAND AND PALAWAN, PHILIPPINES SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE ASIAN BEES; APIS ANDRENIFORMIS; APIS FLOREA; MORPHOMETRY; POPULATION GENETICS; THAILAND; PHILIPPINES ID FABRICIUS AB Morphological descriptions using measurements common to honey bee taxonomy are provided for Apis andreniformis Smith (1858) from southeastern Thailand and Palawan, Philippines and Apis florea Fabricius (1787) from southeastern Thailand. Overall, A andreniformis has a very different morphology from the sympatric A florea and from all other well-described species of honey bees. One difference, the color of the scutellum, although not species specific, is sufficient in many cases to facilitate field identifications. Very few morphological differences occurred between the Thai and the Philippine populations of A andreniformis. C1 CHULALONGKORN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BEE BIOL RES UNIT,BANGKOK 10330,THAILAND. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,BATON ROUGE,LA 70893. RP RINDERER, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS,HONEY BEE BREEDING GENET & PHYSIOL RES LAB,1157 BEN HUR RD,BATON ROUGE,LA 70820, USA. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PY 1995 VL 26 IS 5 BP 387 EP 394 DI 10.1051/apido:19950504 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA TF616 UT WOS:A1995TF61600004 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JO Hurley, R AF Schmidt, JO Hurley, R TI Selection of nest cavities by Africanized and European honey bees SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Africanized honey bee; Apis mellifera; swarm; feral bee; nest cavity; pheromone ID APIS-MELLIFERA; HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE; TEXAS AB Africanized honey bee swarms in Costa Rica displayed no size preference among pulp-based nest cavities molded to internal volumes of 13.5, 24 and 31 I. In a crossover experiment where only one cavity volume was available at a site, European honey bee swarms selected 68 cavities of 31 I volume and only 22 cavities of 13.5 I volume. When given a choice of either 31 or 13.5 I cavities, European swarms occupied the larger cavities in 84% of the choices. No correlations between swarm size, swarm date, and size of cavity inhabited by a swarm were observed among 82 European swarms measured in Tucson, Arizona during the 1993 spring swarming season. The results indicate that 13.5 I cavities are best for trapping Africanized bee swarms since they are rejected by most European swarms. C1 WESTERN PULP PROD,CORVALLIS,OR 97339. RP Schmidt, JO (reprint author), USDA ARS,CARL HAYDEN BEE RES CTR,2000 E ALLEN RD,TUCSON,AZ 85719, USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PY 1995 VL 26 IS 6 BP 467 EP 475 DI 10.1051/apido:19950603 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA TQ977 UT WOS:A1995TQ97700003 ER PT B AU AMMAN, GD LINDGREN, BS AF AMMAN, GD LINDGREN, BS BE Salom, SM Hobson, KR TI SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR MANAGEMENT OF MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE - STATUS OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATION SO APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR MANAGEMENT OF BARK BEETLE INFESTATIONS-PROCEEDINGS OF AN INFORMAL CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Informal Conference on Application of Semiochemicals for Management of Bark Beetle Infestations/Annual Meeting of the Entomological-Society-of-America CY DEC 12-16, 1993 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Entomol Soc Amer C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMOUNTAIN RES STN,OGDEN,UT 84401. RI Lindgren, B Staffan/G-5947-2012 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 318 BP 14 EP 22 PG 9 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BD18B UT WOS:A1995BD18B00004 ER PT B AU WERNER, RA HOLSTEN, EH AF WERNER, RA HOLSTEN, EH BE Salom, SM Hobson, KR TI CURRENT STATUS OF RESEARCH WITH THE SPRUCE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS-RUFIPENNIS SO APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR MANAGEMENT OF BARK BEETLE INFESTATIONS-PROCEEDINGS OF AN INFORMAL CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Informal Conference on Application of Semiochemicals for Management of Bark Beetle Infestations/Annual Meeting of the Entomological-Society-of-America CY DEC 12-16, 1993 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Entomol Soc Amer C1 US FOREST SERV,INST NO FORESTRY,FAIRBANKS,AK 99775. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 318 BP 23 EP 29 PG 7 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BD18B UT WOS:A1995BD18B00005 ER PT B AU SHEA, PJ NEUSTEIN, M AF SHEA, PJ NEUSTEIN, M BE Salom, SM Hobson, KR TI PROTECTION OF A RARE STAND OF TORREY PINE FROM IPS-PARACONFUSUS SO APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR MANAGEMENT OF BARK BEETLE INFESTATIONS-PROCEEDINGS OF AN INFORMAL CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Informal Conference on Application of Semiochemicals for Management of Bark Beetle Infestations/Annual Meeting of the Entomological-Society-of-America CY DEC 12-16, 1993 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Entomol Soc Amer C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 318 BP 39 EP 43 PG 5 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BD18B UT WOS:A1995BD18B00007 ER PT B AU HOBSON, KR AF HOBSON, KR BE Salom, SM Hobson, KR TI HOST COMPOUNDS AS SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR BARK BEETLES SO APPLICATION OF SEMIOCHEMICALS FOR MANAGEMENT OF BARK BEETLE INFESTATIONS-PROCEEDINGS OF AN INFORMAL CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Informal Conference on Application of Semiochemicals for Management of Bark Beetle Infestations/Annual Meeting of the Entomological-Society-of-America CY DEC 12-16, 1993 CL INDIANAPOLIS, IN SP Entomol Soc Amer C1 UTAH STATE UNIV,US FOREST SERV,LOGAN FORESTRY SCI LAB,LOGAN,UT 84322. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 318 BP 48 EP 51 PG 4 WC Entomology; Forestry SC Entomology; Forestry GA BD18B UT WOS:A1995BD18B00009 ER PT J AU CHANG, PK BHATNAGAR, D CLEVELAND, TE BENNETT, JW AF CHANG, PK BHATNAGAR, D CLEVELAND, TE BENNETT, JW TI SEQUENCE VARIABILITY IN HOMOLOGS OF THE AFLATOXIN PATHWAY GENE AFLR DISTINGUISHES SPECIES IN ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARASITICUS; BIOSYNTHESIS; DNA; CLONING; NOMIUS; STRAINS AB The Aspergillus parasiticus aflR gene, a gene that may be involved in the regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis, encodes a putative zinc finger DNA-binding protein. PCR and sequencing were used to examine the presence of aflR homologs in other members of Aspergillus Section Flavi. The predicted amino acid sequences indicated that the same zinc finger domain, CTSCASSKVRCTKEKPACARCIERGLAC, was present in all of the Aspergillus sojae, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus parasiticus isolates examined and in some of the Aspergillus oryzae isolates examined. Unique base substitutions and a specific base deletion were found in the 5' untranslated and zinc finger region; these differences provided distinct fingerprints. A. oryzae and A. flavus had the T-G-A-A-X-C fingerprint, whereas A. parasiticus and A. sojae had the C-C-C-C-C-T fingerprint at the corresponding positions. Specific nucleotides at positions -90 (C or T) and -132 (G or A) further distinguished ii. flavus from A. oryzae and A. parasiticus from A. sojae, respectively. A. sojae ATCC 9362, which was previously designated A. oryzae NRRL 1988, was determined to be a A. sojae strain on the basis of the presence of the characteristic fingerprint, A-C-C-C-C-C C-T, The DNAs of other members of Aspergillus Section Flavi, such as Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus tamarii, and some isolates of A. oryzae appeared to exhibit low levels of similarity to the A. parasiticus aflR gene since low amounts of PCR products or no PCR products were obtained when DNAs from these strains were used. C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. TULANE UNIV,DEPT CELL & MOLEC BIOL,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. NR 30 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 61 IS 1 BP 40 EP 43 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA PY867 UT WOS:A1995PY86700007 PM 7887625 ER PT J AU DESJARDINS, AE PLATTNER, RD NELSEN, TC LESLIE, JF AF DESJARDINS, AE PLATTNER, RD NELSEN, TC LESLIE, JF TI GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF FUMONISIN PRODUCTION AND VIRULENCE OF GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI MATING POPULATION A (FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME) ON MAIZE (ZEA-MAYS) SEEDLINGS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; STRAINS; MYCOTOXINS; CHEMISTRY; MUTANTS; BIOLOGY; CORN; B1 AB The phytopathogenic fungus Gibberella fujikuroi mating population A (anamorph, Fusarium moniliforme) produces fumonisins, which are toxic to a wide range of plant and animal species. Previous studies of field strains have identified a genetic locus, designated fum1, that can determine whether fumonisins are produced. To test the relationship between fumonisin production and virulence on maize seedlings, a cross between a fum1(+) held strain that had a high degree of virulence and a fum1(-) field strain that had a low degree of virulence was made, and ascospore progeny were scored for these traits. Although a range of virulence levels was recovered among the progeny, high levels of virulence were associated with production of fumonisins, and highly virulent, fumonisin-nonproducing progeny were not obtained. A survey of field strains did identify a rare fumonisin-nonproducing strain that was quite high in virulence. Also, the addition of purified fumonisin B-1 to virulence assays did hot replicate all of the seedling blight symptoms obtained with autoclaved culture material containing fumonisin. These results support the hypothesis that fumonisin plays a role in virulence but also indicate that fumonisin production is not necessary or sufficient for virulence on maize seedlings. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP DESJARDINS, AE (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 28 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 61 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA PY867 UT WOS:A1995PY86700014 PM 7887628 ER PT J AU DOSS, RP POTTER, SW SOELDNER, AH CHRISTIAN, JK FUKUNAGA, LE AF DOSS, RP POTTER, SW SOELDNER, AH CHRISTIAN, JK FUKUNAGA, LE TI ADHESION OF GERMLINGS OF BOTRYTIS-CINEREA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; GLYCOPROTEINS; ATTACHMENT; PROTEINS; FUNGUS; SPORES AB Adhesion of conidia and germlings of the facultative plant parasite Botrytis cinerea occurs in two distinct stages. The first stage, which occurs immediately upon hydration of conidia and is characterized by relatively weak adhesive forces, appears to involve hydrophobic interactions (R. P. Doss, S. W. Potter, G. A. Chastagner, and J. K. Christian, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:1786-1791, 1993). The second stage of adhesion, delayed adhesion, occurs after viable conidia have been incubated for several hours under conditions that promote germination. At this time, the germlings attach strongly to either hydrophobic or hydrophilic substrata. Delayed adhesion involves secretion of an ensheathing film that remains attached to the substratum upon physical removal of the germlings. This fungal sheath, which can be visualized by using interference-contrast light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, or atomic force microscopy, is 25 to 60 nm thick in the region immediately adjacent to the germ tubes. Germlings are resistant to removal by boiling or by treatment with a number of hydrolytic enzymes, 2.0 M periodic acid, or 1.0 M sulfuric acid. They are readily removed by brief exposure to 1.25 N NaOH. A base-soluble material that adheres to culture flask walls in short-term liquid cultures of B. cinerea is composed of glucose (about 30%), galactosamine (about 3%), and protein (30 to 44%). C1 OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT HORT, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT ZOOL, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT BOT & PLANT PATHOL, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS INC, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93103 USA. RP USDA ARS, HORT CROPS RES UNIT, 3420 NW ORCHARD AVE, CORVALLIS, OR 97330 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD 19530] NR 33 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 61 IS 1 BP 260 EP 265 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA PY867 UT WOS:A1995PY86700043 PM 7887606 ER PT J AU MARINO, MA TURNI, LA DELRIO, SA WILLIAMS, PE CREGAN, PB AF MARINO, MA TURNI, LA DELRIO, SA WILLIAMS, PE CREGAN, PB TI THE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT DNA IN SOYBEAN BY CAPILLARY GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS SO APPLIED AND THEORETICAL ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; DNA; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION PRODUCTS; CAPILLARY GEL ELECTROPHORESIS ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS; INVITRO; MARKERS AB The objective of this work is to examine the presence of simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA in soybean plant genotypes by Capillary Gel Electrophoresis (CGE). The SSR DNA length polymorphism in soybean determines the variation in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product lengths. Loci were chosen where amplification produced one PCR product per genotype (M.S. Akkaya et al., 1992), The F-1 hybrids of parents carrying different alleles produced two PCR products identical to the two parents. The CGE system used a 3%T,3%C polyacrylamide gel capillary with an effective length of 40 cm. The PCR products with lengths of 150 to 200 base pairs were monitored at 260 nm. The analysis time was under 50 minutes. CGE is capable of separating these PCR products by base pair number the same as conventional sequencing gel techniques. CGE offers an automated, high speed, high resolution analytical method for determining soybean SSR allele sizes as compared with the traditional methodologies. C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,AFDIL,DNA TECHNOL DEV BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR W,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ELECTROPHORESIS SOC PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0954-6642 J9 APPL THEOR ELECTROPH JI Appl. Theor. Electrophor. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RV023 UT WOS:A1995RV02300001 PM 8534749 ER PT J AU URI, ND AF URI, ND TI A NOTE ON THE ESTIMATION OF THE DEMAND FOR SUGAR IN THE USA IN THE PRESENCE OF MEASUREMENT ERROR IN THE DATA SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Inaccuracy in the measurement of the price data for the substitute sweeteners for sugar is a problem encountered in the estimation of the demand for sugar. Two diagnostics are introduced to assess the effect that this measurement error has on the estimated coefficients of the sugar-demand relationship The regression coefficient bounds diagnostic is used to indicate a range in which the true price responsiveness of consumers to changes in the price of sugar substitutes lies. The bias correction factor is computed to evaluate the magnitude of the overestimation of the responsiveness of the quantity of beverage sugar and non-beverage sugar demanded to a change in the price of sugar. RP URI, ND (reprint author), USDA,SERV ECON RES,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0003-6846 J9 APPL ECON JI Appl. Econ. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 27 IS 1 BP 83 EP 94 DI 10.1080/00036849500000010 PG 12 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA QD693 UT WOS:A1995QD69300010 ER PT J AU SCHOLZ, A MITCHELL, AD WANG, PC SONG, HF YAN, ZJ YAN, ZJ AF SCHOLZ, A MITCHELL, AD WANG, PC SONG, HF YAN, ZJ YAN, ZJ TI MUSCLE METABOLISM AND BODY-COMPOSITION OF PIGS WITH DIFFERENT RYANODINE RECEPTOR GENOTYPES STUDIED BY MEANS OF P-31 NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND H-1 MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-IMAGING SO ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT-ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL BREEDING LA English DT Article DE MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA; RYANODINE RECEPTOR GENOTYPES; MUSCLE METABOLISM; BODY COMPOSITION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AB P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on 4 to 9 week old pigs to study malignant hyperthermia as part of the porcine stress syndrome by observing in vivo and post mortem changes of muscle phosphorous metabolites, pH values and body temperature during halothane exposure. Homozygous stress nonsensitive pigs (NN; 21 pigs in vivo and 3 pigs post mortem) were compared with heterozygous (Nn; 25/4) and homozygous stress susceptible pigs (nn; 13/3). The genotypes were identified by the ryanodine receptor gene test using a polymerase chain reaction technique. A generalized linear model (GLM) with fixed effects: ryanodine receptor genotype, line and sex and covariates; age and body weight, was used for statistical analysis. The nn genotypes showed a more dramatic change in their muscle metabolism than did the Nn and NN pigs. The muscle metabolism of the NN genotypes changed very slowly, while the Nn genotypes showed the highest variation. Overall, Nn had an intermediate response to halothane with a tendency to NN during the in vivo study. In the same context, the volume of both M. longissimus dorsi (MLD) and the overlying fat was measured on 61 of the above 69 pigs. A saddle shaped surface coil was placed between the shoulder and kidney zone to generate a 2.45 cm magnetic resonance imaging section containing five continuous axial images between 14th and 12th vertebra. The homozygous stress susceptible pigs had a significantly larger MLD volume at 10 kg body weight than the heterozygous and homozygous stress nonsensitive pigs. RP SCHOLZ, A (reprint author), USDA ARS,GROWTH BIOL LAB,RM 205,BLDG 200,BARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT PI DUMMERSTORF PA WILHELM-STAHL-ALLEE 2, D-18196 DUMMERSTORF, GERMANY SN 0003-9438 J9 ARCH TIERZUCHT JI Arch. Tierz.-Arch. Anim. Breed. PY 1995 VL 38 IS 5 BP 539 EP 552 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA TA740 UT WOS:A1995TA74000008 ER PT J AU FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH AF FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH TI CORRELATION BETWEEN GLYCEROLIPIDS AND PHEROMONE ALDEHYDES IN THE SEX-PHEROMONE GLAND OF FEMALE TOBACCO HORNWORM MOTHS, MANDUCA-SEXTA (L) SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; PHEROMONE ALDEHYDES; SEX PHEROMONE GLAND; MANDUCA SEXTA ID LEAFROLLER MOTH; BIOSYNTHESIS; DESATURATION AB Analysis by TLC and HPLC revealed that the triacylglycerols comprise the most abundant lipid class in the sex pheromone glands of Manduca sexta females. Also, conjugated olefinic acyl analogs of the major pheromone aldehydes occur principally in the triacylglycerols. The amount of triacylglycerols with conjugated diene acyl moieties significantly decreased when the period of pheromone production was extended by 7 h beyond the normal period of pheromone production by 3 injections of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) at 3 h intervals. This decrease indicates that the triacylglycerols stored in the gland may serve as major sources of pheromone precursors in the biosynthesis of the sex pheromone aldehydes. Furthermore, analysis of pheromone aldehydes and triacylglycerols in the gland from moths treated with PBAN showed that the proportions of the triacylglycerols with conjugated diene moieties were closely correlated with the proportions of aldehydes found in the same gland. This correlation suggests that the proportions of fatty acids bound to certain triacylglycerols regulates the proportions of aldehydes in biosynthesis of the pheromone blend in M. sexta. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 30 IS 4 BP 321 EP 336 DI 10.1002/arch.940300403 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA TF874 UT WOS:A1995TF87400002 ER PT J AU BA, AS GUO, DA NORTON, RA PHILLIPS, SA NES, WD AF BA, AS GUO, DA NORTON, RA PHILLIPS, SA NES, WD TI DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFERENCES IN THE STEROL COMPOSITION OF SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SOLENOPSIS INVICTA; ANTS; FUNGI; SITOSTEROL; ERGOSTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ID HYMENOPTERA; METABOLISM AB Twenty-six sterols were isolated from eggs, larvae, workers, and queens of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. They were identified by chromatographic (TFC, GLC, and HPLC) and spectral methods (MS and H-1-NMR). Queens possessed the most varied sterol composition (24 sterols were detected). The major sterols from queens were the doubly bioalkylated 24 alpha-ethyl cholest-5- and 7-en-3 beta-ols whereas the major sterol from the other developmental stages was cholesterol, a sterol which lacks a C-24 alkyl group. From fourth instar larvae were isolated two yeasts, Candida parapsilosis and Yarrowia lipolytica. Both yeasts were found to synthesize similar sterols, primarily ergosterol and zymosterol (90% of the sterol mixture). A minor sterol (approximately 12% of the total sterol mixture) detected in eggs, larvae, and workers was 24-methyl cholesta-5,22E-dien-3 beta-ol (brassicasterol). Brassicasterol may have originated from ergosterol produced by the fungal endosymbiotes. The amount of sterol in each developmental stage was as follows: approximately 24 mu g sterol/queen, 3 mu g sterol/worker, 2 mu g sterol/larvae, and 0.02 mu g sterol/egg. The sterol composition of the red imported fire ant differed from that of leaf-cutting ants previously investigated where 24-methyl sterols of ectosymbiotic fungal origin were the major sterols detected in soldiers and workers. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT PLANT & SOIL SCI,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. USDA ARS,MYCOTOXIN RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL. RI ding, zuoqi/C-9271-2013 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1002/arch.940290102 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QU869 UT WOS:A1995QU86900001 ER PT J AU FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH AF FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH TI PBAN REGULATION OF PHEROMONE BIOSYNTHESIS IN FEMALE TOBACCO HORNWORM MOTHS, MANDUCA-SEXTA (L) SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PBAN; FATTY ACYL PRECURSOR; MANDUCA SEXTA; SEX PHEROMONE; ALDEHYDES ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; ACTIVATING NEUROPEPTIDE; BOMBYX-MORI; LEPIDOPTERA; GLAND; STIMULATION; SILKWORM; PATHWAY; HORMONE AB Manduca sexta females that were decapitated produced no pheromone during the scotophase following decapitation, indicating that they were free of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN). When deuterated hexadecanoic or (Z)-11-hexadecenoic acid was applied to the sex pheromone glands of decapitated or intact females of the same age, and allowed to incubate in vivo for 24 h, deuterium labeled Delta-11- and Delta-10,12-unsaturated 16-carbon fatty acids were produced in both types of females. Injection of PBAN into intact or decapitated females 23 h after application oi labeled acids had no effect on the production of unsaturated labeled fatty acids. However, deuterium labeled aldehydes were produced only in females that were injected with PBAN. Therefore, in this species, PBAN activates the process by which fatty acyl precursors in the pheromone gland are converted into the pheromonal aldehydes. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1002/arch.940290105 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QU869 UT WOS:A1995QU86900004 ER PT J AU ZIMOWSKA, G SHIRK, PD SILHACEK, DL SHAAYA, E AF ZIMOWSKA, G SHIRK, PD SILHACEK, DL SHAAYA, E TI VITELLIN AND FORMATION OF YOLK SPHERES IN VITELLOGENIC FOLLICLES OF THE MOTH, PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OOGENESIS; YOLK PROTEINS; VITELLINE MEMBRANE; IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STAINING; IMMUNOGOLD LABELING ID MALE-INCUBATED OVARIES; PHARATE ADULT FEMALES; INDIAN MEAL MOTH; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; GYPSY-MOTH; INITIATION; PROTEINS; SILKWORM; GROWTH; EGGS AB Vitellin (Vt) was found not to be critical to the formation or structure of yolk spheres in oocytes of the moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner). Vitellogenic activities of the follicular tissues were determined by visualizing the immunocytolocalization of Vt subunits (YP1 and YP3) and of a follicular epithelium yolk protein (FEYP) subunit (YP2) in ultrathin sections or in whole-mounted tissues. Vitellogenin was detectable in the inter-follicular epithelial cell (FC) spaces of patent, vitellogenic follicles of normal females. When the follicles entered terminal growth phase, the inter-FC spaces closed equatorially around the follicle which excluded vitellogenin from that region. The closure of the spaces spread towards the poles in more mature follicles. Vt was immuno-localized to yolk spheres of vitellogenic and terminal growth phase oocytes. To examine the role of Vt in formation of yolk spheres, ovaries were transplanted into males. Vt was not detected in the inter-FC spaces, vitelline membrane, or yolk spheres of follicles from transplanted ovaries developing in males. However, the FEYP subunit YP2 was detected in the Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles of columnar FC and in the yolk spheres of the oocytes from transplanted ovaries. During the late vitellogenic period, late yolk spheres appeared in the cortical region of the oocytes. In addition, YP2 was detected in the electron-translucent vitelline membrane of terminal growth phase follicles. We conclude that Vt is not required for the formation of yolk spheres or the electron-translucent layer of vitelline membrane. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV WARSAW,DEPT INVERTEBRATE PHYSIOL,WARSAW,POLAND. AGR RES ORG,VOLCANI CTR,BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 1 BP 71 EP 85 DI 10.1002/arch.940290107 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QU869 UT WOS:A1995QU86900006 ER PT J AU FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH AF FANG, NB TEAL, PEA TUMLINSON, JH TI CHARACTERIZATION OF OXIDASE(S) ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEX-PHEROMONE GLAND IN MANDUCA-SEXTA (L) FEMALES SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PHEROMONE BIOSYNTHESIS; ALDEHYDES; ALCOHOLS; OXIDASE INHIBITOR; PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; NEURAL REGULATION; TOBACCO HORNWORM; BIOSYNTHESIS; MOTHS; BLEND; ZEA AB An oxidase that converts primary aliphatic alcohols into aldehydes was discovered in the cuticle of the sex pheromone gland and in the papillae anales on the tip of the abdomen of Manduca sexta females. Oxidase activity was not found in the epidermal cells of the pheromone gland where fatty acid precursors of the pheromonal aldehydes are found. This oxidase requires oxygen and water to function and appears to have a rather broad substrate specificity. The activity of the oxidase is reduced by the application of piperonyl butoxide, which also interferes with the PBAN induced production of the natural pheromone aldehydes. However, endogenous alcohols cannot be found in the pheromone gland. Thus, it is not yet clear whether or not the oxidase is involved in the terminal step of biosynthesis of the pheromone aldehydes in M. serta females. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 243 EP 257 DI 10.1002/arch.940290303 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA RG037 UT WOS:A1995RG03700002 ER PT J AU ZIMOWSKA, G SHIRK, PD SILHACEK, DL SHAAYA, E AF ZIMOWSKA, G SHIRK, PD SILHACEK, DL SHAAYA, E TI TERMINATION OF VITELLOGENESIS IN FOLLICLES OF THE MOTH, PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA - CHANGES IN OOCYTE AND FOLLICULAR EPITHELIAL-CELL ACTIVITIES SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE YOLK PROTEINS; VITELLINE MEMBRANE; IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STAINING; IMMUNOGOLD LABELING; INDIANMEAL MOTH ID PHARATE ADULT FEMALES; INDIAN MEAL MOTH; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; OVARIAN FOLLICLES; YOLK PROTEINS; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; INITIATION; MUTANT AB The production and uptake of the follicular epithelium yolk protein (FEYP) is terminated coincident with the initiation of vitelline membrane synthesis in follicles of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner). This was determined by visualizing the cytolocalization of the FEYP subunits YP2 and YP4 using antisera to immunolabel ultrathin sections or whole-mounted ovaries. Both subunits of FEYP were detectable in the Golgi apparatus and associated secretory granules of the follicular epithelial cells (FC) in vitellogenic follicles. Before the follicles entered the terminal growth phase, the oocytes began production of specialized organelles, late yolk spheres. Following the appearance of late yolk spheres in the oocyte, the FC initiated the production of vitelline membrane proteins and the rapid clearance of YP2 from their cytoplasm. No YP2 was detected in the Golgi apparatus or in the secretory granules of FC from follicles in terminal growth phase, although YP4 was detected in these organelles. The vitelline membrane of follicles in termal growth phase was a bilayered structure with an electron-dense layer of vitelline membrane proteins that originated in the FC and an electron-translucent layer containing yolk proteins. During this period, late yolk spheres were observed fused with the oolemma exposing and possibly releasing their contents to the electron-translucent layer of the vitelline membrane. From this evidence, we suggest that during termination of vitellogenesis, the oocyte and FC work in concert to end uptake of yolk proteins and begin the synthesis of egg membranes, and that the oocyte contributes to the production of vitelline membrane by the release of previously sequestered yolk proteins. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. UNIV WARSAW,DEPT INVERTEBRATE PHYSIOL,WARSAW,POLAND. AGR RES ORG,VOLCANI CTR,IL-50250 BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 4 BP 357 EP 379 DI 10.1002/arch.940290404 PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA RL482 UT WOS:A1995RL48200003 ER PT J AU FERKOVICH, SM MILLER, SG OBERLANDER, H AF FERKOVICH, SM MILLER, SG OBERLANDER, H TI MULTICELLULAR-VESICLE-PROMOTING POLYPEPTIDE FROM TRICHOPLUSIA NI - TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND N-TERMINAL SEQUENCE SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CELL LINE; DEVELOPMENT; MANDUCA SEXTA; APOLIPOPROTEIN III; POLYPEPTIDE; VESICLES; TRICHOPLUSIA NI; WING DISCS ID APOLIPOPHORIN-III; INSECT APOLIPOPROTEIN; IMAGINAL DISKS; CELL-LINE; PURIFICATION; PROTEINS; INDUCTION AB An N-terminal amino acid sequence of a 16.9 kDa hemolymph polypeptide, ''Vesicle Promoting Factor'' (VPF) from Trichoplusia ni, revealed a high sequence homology (70%) with Manduca serta apolipophorin-III. A polyclonal antibody developed against VPF, however, was not immunoreactive with either purified M. sexta or T. ni apolipophorin-III. Immunoblots of tissue homogenates of T. ni indicated that VPF was present in imaginal wing discs, central nervous system (CNS), silk glands, midgut and hemocytes from fifth instar larvae, and also in the IAL-TND1 cell line which can grow as either fluid-filled multicellular vesicles or multicellular aggregates. VPF was also detected immunologically in the hemolymph of adults of T. ni, and in hemolymph of adults and larvae of Galleria mellonella and Heliothis virescens. Testes, midgut, hemocytes, and wing discs, but not Malpighian tubules, of T. ni released VPF into tissue culture medium during a 3 h incubation period. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* RP FERKOVICH, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,POB 14565,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 29 IS 4 BP 381 EP 390 DI 10.1002/arch.940290405 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA RL482 UT WOS:A1995RL48200004 PM 7655058 ER PT J AU GELMAN, DB BELL, RA DEMILO, AB KOCHANSKY, JP AF GELMAN, DB BELL, RA DEMILO, AB KOCHANSKY, JP TI EFFECT OF KK-42 ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, MOLTING, AND METAMORPHOSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN-BORER, OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS (HUBNER) SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRECOCIOUS METAMORPHOSIS; PRECOCIOUS MOLT; SPERMATOGENESIS; JH; ECDYSTEROID; DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAM ID PHARATE 1ST-INSTAR LARVAE; ISOLATED CORPORA ALLATA; BOMBYX-MORI; 1,5-DISUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLES; TOBACCO HORNWORM; MANDUCA-SEXTA; CODLING MOTH; SPERMATOGENESIS; LEPIDOPTERA; DIAPAUSE AB KK-42 (1-benzyl-5-[(E)-2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadienyl]imidazole), administered by feeding, delayed the growth and development of nondiapause-bound and diapause-bound Ostrinia nubilalis larvae and increased the length of the instar. At doses of 80-240 ppm, 62-100% of nondiapause-bound fourth instars precociously pupated or remained as fourth instars, while 52-100% of diapause-bound fourth instars did not molt to the fifth instar. Injection of these nondiapause- and diapause-bound KK-42-fed fourth instars with ecdysone elicited a molt and resulted in the production of larval-pupal intermediates. When mature fourth instar controls were similarly injected, they molted into normal fifth instars. These results support the view that KK-42 delays/inhibits ecdysteroid production. Both eupyrene and apyrene spermiogenesis were prematurely initiated in nondiapause-bound fourth instars that were fed on medium containing 160 ppm KK-42. Fenoxycarb, a potent juvenile hormone mimic, rescued nondiapause-bound fourth instars from precocious pupation. All fenoxycarbtreated larvae either molted to the fifth instar or remained as fourth instars and eventually died. These results support the view that treatment with KK-42 inhibits JH production. When KK-42 treatment was begun in the third instar a considerable number of nondiapause-bound and some diapause-bound third instars precociously molted to the fifth instar. There was a correlation between weight and the incidence of precocious molting in that third instars destined to skip the fourth instar attained a weight, as pharate fifth instars, of two to three times more than pharate fourth instar controls. Similarly, fourth instars that were destined to undergo precocious pupation attained a weight, as pharate pupae, that was approximately two times more than pharate fifth instar controls. More potent analogues of KK-42 may prove useful in controlling populations of O. nubilalis by interfering with their growth, development, and metamorphosis. (C) l995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT CHEM ECOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP GELMAN, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT NEUROBIOL & HORMONE LAB,RM 319,BLDG 306,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1002/arch.940280102 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QF927 UT WOS:A1995QF92700001 ER PT J AU MIKOLAJCZYK, P ZIMOWSKA, G OBERLANDER, H SILHACEK, DL AF MIKOLAJCZYK, P ZIMOWSKA, G OBERLANDER, H SILHACEK, DL TI CHITIN SYNTHESIS IN SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA WING IMAGINAL DISKS .3. ROLE OF THE PERIPODIAL MEMBRANE SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE WING IMAGINAL DISKS; CHITIN SYNTHESIS; SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA; ECDYSTEROID ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; DISKS; INVITRO; MORPHOGENESIS; EVAGINATION; LEG AB We determined the contribution of the peripodial membrane to chitin synthesis in cultured wing imaginal discs of Spodoptera frugiperda. This was accomplished by examining chitin synthesis in vitro in intact imaginal discs, in the peripodial membrane, and in imaginal discs in which the peripodial membrane had been injured. Chitin synthesis in peripodial membrane-deprived imaginal discs, peripodial membrane injured imaginal discs, and peripodial membrane fragments was assessed by measuring incorporation of [C-14]GlcNAc after treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone in tissue culture. Removing or injuring the peripodial membrane resulted in a marked decrease in ecdysteroid-dependent chitin synthesis in these wing discs compared with intact wing discs. In addition, a break in the ecdysteroid treatment of 4 h reduced chitin synthesis in the wing discs substantially. These biochemical experiments were supplemented with ultrastructural nd immunocytochemical approaches. A wheat germ agglutinin colloidal gold complex was used to visualize the presence of chitin synthesized by wing discs including the peripodial membrane. These experiments confirmed the importance of an intact peripodial membrane for optimal production of cuticle by the wing pouch. Our results demonstrate that for optimal production of chitin in tissue culture, wing discs must be treated with 20-hydroxyecdysone for an uninterrupted period of 48 h, and the peripodial membrane of these imaginal discs must be present and uninjured. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 28 IS 2 BP 173 EP 187 DI 10.1002/arch.940280207 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QD751 UT WOS:A1995QD75100006 ER PT J AU OBERLANDER, H SILHACEK, DL PORCHERON, P AF OBERLANDER, H SILHACEK, DL PORCHERON, P TI NONSTEROIDAL ECDYSTEROID AGONISTS - TOOLS FOR THE STUDY OF HORMONAL ACTION SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RH-5849; RH-5992; DIBENZOYL HYDRAZINE; TEBUFENOZIDE ID NONSTEROIDAL ECDYSONE AGONIST; FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; INSECT GROWTH-REGULATOR; CELL-LINES; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY; HYDROXYLASE-ACTIVITY; IMAGINAL DISKS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; RH 5849 AB The first non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonists are dibenzoyl hydrazines and are typified by the compounds designated RH-5849 and RH-5992. The discovery that these compounds mimic 20E in a variety of insect orders, and especially the Lepidoptera, generated great interest from the research and agricultural communities. Such compounds provide important new research tools for physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies. In addition, the potential for application to agricultural pests looks very promising, especially for RH-5992 (tebufenozide). This review evaluates the evidence on the specificity of the ecdysteroid-like actions of these materials and considers their application for research and pest management. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV PARIS 06, DEPT BIOL, PARIS, FRANCE. RP OBERLANDER, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB, POB 14565, GAINESVILLE, FL 32604 USA. NR 64 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0739-4462 EI 1520-6327 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1002/arch.940280303 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA QH851 UT WOS:A1995QH85100001 ER PT J AU WHITE, JL TOUSIGNANT, ME GELETKA, LM KAPER, JM AF WHITE, JL TOUSIGNANT, ME GELETKA, LM KAPER, JM TI THE REPLICATION OF A NECROGENIC CUCUMBER MOSAIC-VIRUS SATELLITE IS TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE IN TOMATO SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CUCUMOVIRAL SATELLITES; MESOPHYLL PROTOPLASTS; INVITRO TRANSLATION; PLANT-VIRUS; STRAIN-S; RNA-5; NECROSIS; CARNA-5; EXPRESSION AB Lethal necrosis development in tomato plants infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strain D containing the necrogenic satellite D-CARNA 5 and held at 32 degrees C is shown to be impaired. CARNA 5 accumulation in tomato at 32 degrees C is reduced about 100-fold compared to accumulation in plants held at 24 degrees C, while viral RNA accumulation is reduced about 5-fold. CMV-infected tomato held for 3 days at 24 degrees C prior to shift to 32 degrees C do not develop lethal necrosis. Longer incubations at 24 degrees C prior to shift to 32 degrees C allow necrosis to develop. CMV-infected plants held for up to 4 weeks at 32 degrees C required an additional 8-10 days at 24 degrees C to develop necrosis. Necrogenic CMV-infected plants held at 24 degrees C and analyzed 3 days p.i. contained detectable amounts of ss- and ds-CARNA 5; upon shift to 32 degrees C, such CARNA 5 declined to undetectable levels and lethal necrosis did not occur. There appear to be temperature-sensitive factors that are required for efficient satellite replication which are not required for efficient viral RNA replication. Whether these factor(s) are of host or satellite origin is uncertain. C1 USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1995 VL 140 IS 1 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1007/BF01309723 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA QD248 UT WOS:A1995QD24800005 PM 7544109 ER PT J AU KAPER, JM GELETKA, LM WU, GS TOUSIGNANT, ME AF KAPER, JM GELETKA, LM WU, GS TOUSIGNANT, ME TI EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON CUCUMBER MOSAIC-VIRUS SATELLITE-INDUCED LETHAL TOMATO NECROSIS IS HELPER VIRUS-STRAIN DEPENDENT SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRAL SATELLITES; RNA; EXPRESSION; EPIDEMIC; IDENTIFICATION; PROTOPLASTS; ABILITY; PLANTS; AGENT AB The effect of temperature on the response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Rutgers) to infections with the necrogenic cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) satellite D-CARNA 5 was investigated with each of four CMV strains D, 1, Y and S functioning as helper virus. At 24 degrees C lethal necrosis was observed in all infections. However, at 32 degrees C the response varied from total absence or reduction of necrosis with some strains to accelerated lethal necrosis with others. The total lack of necrotic response with CMV-S and the aggravated necrosis with CMV-Y at the higher temperature both turned out to be independent of the coinfecting satellite, and rather to correlate with the changing rate of viral RNA accumulation in tomato, which probably was responsible for the changes in pathogenic response. However, when CMV-D was helper virus, satellite accumulation decreased, while with CMV-1 it increased, respectively, while viral RNA accumulations were not seriously affected. Although these profound effects of temperature seem to link the necrotic response of tomato to the competitive replication dynamics of the infecting virus/satellite combination in the case of CMV-D/D-CARNA 5, temperature effects at other levels of disease induction probably play an important role as well. RP KAPER, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,B 011A,RM 252,BARC-W,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1995 VL 140 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1007/BF01309724 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA QD248 UT WOS:A1995QD24800006 PM 7544110 ER PT J AU JENSEN, MJ WILSON, WC AF JENSEN, MJ WILSON, WC TI A MODEL FOR THE MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY OF THE NS3 PROTEIN AS PREDICTED FROM THE SEQUENCE OF SEGMENT-10 OF EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE VIRUS SEROTYPE-1 SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID BLUETONGUE VIRUS; HYDROPHOBIC MOMENT; GENOME SEGMENTS; ASSIGNMENT; ENCODE AB Segment 10, encoding nonstructural proteins 3 (NS3) and 3a (NS3a) of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (EHDV-1) was sequenced. Computer motif recognition programs were used for interpretation of the sequence data to predict a structure for NS3. Integral membrane protein theories were then applied to produce a general topological model for the EHDV-1 NS3 protein. Homology was observed between EHDV-1 NS3 integral membrane motifs and those similarly observed in the cognate proteins of other orbiviruses. C1 USDA ARS,ARTHROPOD BORNE ANIM DIS RES LAB,LARAMIE,WY 82071. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1995 VL 140 IS 4 BP 799 EP 805 DI 10.1007/BF01309968 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA QW815 UT WOS:A1995QW81500015 PM 7794120 ER PT J AU SHIEL, PJ ALREFAI, RH DOMIER, LL KORBAN, SS BERGER, PH AF SHIEL, PJ ALREFAI, RH DOMIER, LL KORBAN, SS BERGER, PH TI THE COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE OF APPLE MOSAIC-VIRUS RNA-3 SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NECROTIC RINGSPOT VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN; REPLICATION; COMPONENTS; DWARF AB The complete nucleotide sequence of apple mosaic ilarvirus (ApMV) RNA-3 has been determined from cloned viral cDNAs. The 5' terminus of RNA-3 was determined by direct RNA sequencing, while the 3' end was determined by polyadenylation of genomic RNA and-sub-cloning using oligo dT. ApMV RNA-3 is 2056 bases in length and encodes at least two open reading frames. It is similar in size and genome organization to the RNA-3 of other members of the Bromoviridae, which includes ilarviruses. The CP gene is in the 3' half of the molecule, and another large open reading frame is upstream of the CP gene and can potentially encode a protein of 32 400 daltons. This peptide is the same size and shows limited sequence homology to an open reading frame located at the 5' ehd of RNA 3 in tobacco streak and prune dwarf ilarviruses and alfalfa mosaic virus, which is postulated to be the viral movement protein. The nucleic acid sequence was not homologous to tobacco streak virus, prune dwarf virus, alfalfa mosaic virus or other members of the Bromoviridae. The 5'-non-coding region of ApMV RNA-3 contains a 15 base palindromic sequence which encloses a sequence resembling the ICR-2 regions of eukaryotic tRNA gene promoters. C1 UNIV IDAHO,DEPT PLANT SOIL & ENTOMOL SCI,DIV PLANT PATHOL,MOSCOW,ID 83844. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT HORT,URBANA,IL 61801. USDA ARS,MWA,CROP PROTECT RES UNIT,URBANA,IL. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1995 VL 140 IS 7 BP 1247 EP 1256 DI 10.1007/BF01322750 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA RK394 UT WOS:A1995RK39400008 PM 7646355 ER PT J AU Wang, L Parr, RL King, DJ Collisson, EW AF Wang, L Parr, RL King, DJ Collisson, EW TI A highly conserved epitope on the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITING ANTIBODY; AVIAN CORONAVIRUS-IBV; MASSACHUSETTS SEROTYPE; MURINE CORONAVIRUSES; RNA RECOMBINATION; STRAINS; PREDICTION; S1; INDUCTION; SEQUENCE AB The predicted amino acid sequence and secondary structures of SI of the spike protein (S) of infectious bronchitis viral (IBV) strains from Europe, the U.S.A., and Japan were compared. An antigenic determinant that was highly conserved in both the primary amino acid sequence and secondary structure of all strains was identified between amino acid positions 240 to 255. A synthesized peptide corresponding to this region was found to react with all polyclonal antisera examined from various IBV strains and with one monoclonal antibody (MAb), 9B1B6, out of nine known to react with the S of Gray. The specificity of the interaction with MAb 9B1B6 was confirmed by competitive ELISA using bound and unbound peptide. Interestingly, the previously described epitope for 9B1B6 had been characterized as cross-reactive with several strains of IBV, as conformation-independent but reacting only with intact whole S, and as associated with the functional integrity of other epitopes, including neutralizing epitopes on the S protein. The apparent critical functional and structural nature of this highly immunogenic determinant suggests a potential contribution in developing protective, cross-reactive subunit vaccines to IBV. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,ATHENS,GA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1995 VL 140 IS 12 BP 2201 EP 2213 DI 10.1007/BF01323240 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA TN808 UT WOS:A1995TN80800007 PM 8572941 ER PT B AU ESTILL, E AF ESTILL, E BE Martin, VG Tyler, N TI Ecotourism, wildland values, and wilderness preservation in the US National Forests SO ARCTIC WILDERNESS: THE 5TH WORLD WILDERNESS CONGRESS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th World Wilderness Congress (5th WWC) CY 1993 CL TROMSO, NORWAY SP Norwegian Minist Environ, Norwegian Minist Fisheries, Norwegian Minist Foreign Affairs, Norwegian Minist Justicw, Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Reg Authority No Norway, Directorate Nat Management, Norway, Tromso Cty, Univ Tromso, Municipality Tromso, State Oil Co Norway C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,DENVER,CO 80225. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU NORTH AMERICAN PRESS A DIVISION OF FULCRUM PUBL PI GOLDEN PA 350 INDIANA ST SUITE 350, GOLDEN, CO 80401-5093 BN 1-55591-931-6 PY 1995 BP 97 EP 102 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD49E UT WOS:A1995BD49E00016 ER PT J AU ROUBENOFF, R ROUBENOFF, RA SELHUB, J NADEAU, MR CANNON, JG FREEMAN, LM DINARELLO, CA ROSENBERG, IH AF ROUBENOFF, R ROUBENOFF, RA SELHUB, J NADEAU, MR CANNON, JG FREEMAN, LM DINARELLO, CA ROSENBERG, IH TI ABNORMAL VITAMIN-B-6 STATUS IN RHEUMATOID CACHEXIA - ASSOCIATION WITH SPONTANEOUS TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA PRODUCTION AND MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID REVISED CRITERIA; ARTHRITIS; CLASSIFICATION AB Objective. To compare vitamin B-6 levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy control subjects. Methods, We measured levels of vitamin B-6 in 23 adults with well-controlled RA, and in 23 healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, race, and weight, Results, Although plasma folate and vitamin B-12 concentrations and erythrocyte B-6 activity coefficients were similar in the patients and controls, plasma levels of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) were lower in the RA patient group (mean +/- SD 46.1 +/- 48.1 versus 69.3 +/- 58.4 nmoles/liter; P < 0.004). In multivariate analyses, PLP was inversely associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (P < 0.001), after adjustment for age, pain score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Conclusion, PLP levels are reduced in patients with RA, This reduction is associated with TNF alpha production by PBMC. C1 TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP ROUBENOFF, R (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BODY COMPOSIT LAB,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-00209]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-08443] NR 19 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQUARE, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 38 IS 1 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1002/art.1780380116 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA QB696 UT WOS:A1995QB69600015 PM 7818558 ER PT S AU SCHAEFER, EJ JENNER, JL SEMAN, LJ MCNAMARA, JR CONTOIS, JH GENEST, JJ WILSON, PWF ORDOVAS, JM AF SCHAEFER, EJ JENNER, JL SEMAN, LJ MCNAMARA, JR CONTOIS, JH GENEST, JJ WILSON, PWF ORDOVAS, JM BE Woodford, FP Davignon, J Sniderman, A TI LP(A) AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS X SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Atherosclerosis CY OCT 09-14, 1994 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM CANADA, NORD MARION MERRELL DOW C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-82007-8 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 1995 VL 1066 BP 79 EP 82 PG 4 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA BD02Q UT WOS:A1995BD02Q00010 ER PT S AU ORODOVAS, JM LIPEZMIRANDA, J MATA, P LICHTENSTEIN, AH CLEVIDENCE, B SCHAEFER, EJ AF ORODOVAS, JM LIPEZMIRANDA, J MATA, P LICHTENSTEIN, AH CLEVIDENCE, B SCHAEFER, EJ BE Woodford, FP Davignon, J Sniderman, A TI GENETIC FACTORS IN LIPOPROTEIN RESPONSIVENESS TO DIET IN HUMANS SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS X SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Atherosclerosis CY OCT 09-14, 1994 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM CANADA, NORD MARION MERRELL DOW C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-82007-8 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 1995 VL 1066 BP 270 EP 274 PG 5 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA BD02Q UT WOS:A1995BD02Q00052 ER PT J AU BROADBENT, P PITKETHLEY, RN BARNES, D BRADLEY, J DEPHOFF, C CIVEROLO, FL GILLINGS, MR FAHY, PC AF BROADBENT, P PITKETHLEY, RN BARNES, D BRADLEY, J DEPHOFF, C CIVEROLO, FL GILLINGS, MR FAHY, PC TI A FURTHER OUTBREAK OF CITRUS CANKER NEAR DARWIN SO AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Citrus canker (caused by,Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri Group A) was detected in a pummelo orchard at Lambell's Lagoon near Darwin in 1991. All citrus trees in the orchard were eradicated. Surveys of horticultural holdings at Lambell's Lagoon in 1992 failed to detect symptoms of citrus canker. Leaf washings from trees in each orchard failed to detect,X. c. citri using leaf enrichment or immunofluorescence techniques. Other xanthomonad isolates were obtained and these produced a slight callusing with watersoaking around wounds made in detached leaves of Duncan grapefruit. In 1993, canker symptoms were observed on lime and grapefruit twigs and fruit in a mixed citrus orchard 500 m from the 1991 outbreak site. This outbreak was confirmed as Group A of X. c. citri on the basis of pathogenicity tests, fatty acid analyses of recovered bacteria, immunofluorescence microscopy and by genomic DNA fingerprinting. C1 NO TERR DEPT PRIMARY IND & FISHERIES,BERRIMAH AGR RES CTR,BERRIMAH,NT 0828,AUSTRALIA. USDA ARS,AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP BROADBENT, P (reprint author), NEW S WALES AGR & FISHERIES,BIOL & CHEM RES INST,PMB 10,RYDALMERE,NSW 2116,AUSTRALIA. RI Gillings, Michael/A-2913-2008; Gillings, Michael/C-6553-2008 NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AUSTRALASIAN PLANT PATHOLOGY SOCIETY INC PI S PERTH PA CO/MR R M FLOYD, PLANT PATHOLOGY BRANCH, DEPT AGRICULTURE, BARON-HAY CT, S PERTH 6151, AUSTRALIA SN 0815-3191 J9 AUSTRALAS PLANT PATH JI Austral. Plant Pathol. PY 1995 VL 24 IS 2 BP 90 EP 103 DI 10.1071/APP9950090 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TG040 UT WOS:A1995TG04000004 ER PT J AU MOORE, PH AF MOORE, PH TI TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL REGULATION OF SUCROSE ACCUMULATION IN THE SUGARCANE STEM SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Honouring the Late John Seth Hawker (1934-1993), at the 34th Meeting of Australian-Society-of-Plant-Physiologists/Australian-Society-for-Biochem istry-and-Molecular-Biology CY SEP, 1994 CL BROADBEACH, AUSTRALIA SP Austr Soc Plant Physiologists, Austr Soc Biochem & Molec Biol ID CELL-SUSPENSION CULTURES; TUBER STORAGE TISSUES; STALK TISSUE; UDP-GLUCOSE; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; DEVELOPMENTAL-CHANGES; GROUP TRANSLOCATION; MEMBRANE-TRANSPORT; CHENOPODIUM-RUBRUM; PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE AB Sucrose accumulation has been studied extensively in sugarcane-an example of a highly productive crop plant with the capacity for storing large quantities of sugar. Initial recognition and characterisation of the enzymes involved in sucrose synthesis and cleavage led to widely accepted models of how sucrose transport and accumulation occur. Studies on cells in culture and on isolated cellular fragments initially supported and strengthened these models but more recently have revealed weaknesses in them. Biophysical measurements and anatomical, histochemical, and tracer dye studies further eroded the older models. Molecular studies are beginning to reveal details at the gene and transcriptional levels of the enzymes involved in sucrose transport and metabolism. Collectively, results of recent research indicate the need for a new sucrose accumulation model. A dynamic model of rapid cycling and turnover of sucrose between the vacuole and metabolic and apoplastic compartments explains much of the data, but details of how the cycling is regulated remains to be discovered. RP MOORE, PH (reprint author), USDA ARS, HAWAIIAN SUGAR PLANTERS ASSOC, EXPT STN, AIEA, HI 96701 USA. NR 99 TC 89 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0310-7841 J9 AUST J PLANT PHYSIOL JI Aust. J. Plant Physiol. PY 1995 VL 22 IS 4 BP 661 EP 679 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RU219 UT WOS:A1995RU21900018 ER PT J AU Ranjith, SA Meinzer, FC Perry, MH Thom, M AF Ranjith, SA Meinzer, FC Perry, MH Thom, M TI Partitioning of carboxylase activity in nitrogen-stressed sugarcane and its relationship to bundle sheath leakiness to CO2, photosynthesis and carbon isotope discrimination SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; ASSIMILATING ENZYMES; USE EFFICIENCY; GAS-EXCHANGE; C-4 PLANTS; LEAVES; WHEAT; MAIZE; LEAF AB We studied the effects of external nitrogen (N) supply on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity, leaf gas exchange, carbon isotope discrimination (Delta), and bundle sheath leakiness to CO2 (Phi) in two cultivars of the C-4 grass, sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid). In addition to reducing overall levels of carboxylase activity and therefore photosynthetic rates, reduced N supply altered the partitioning of carboxylase activity. Under long-term N stress (4 months) Rubisco activity decreased more than PEPC activity causing significant reductions in the Rubisco/PEPC activity ratio, a measure of the ratio of C-3 to C-4 cycle activity. Concurrent determinations of Delta for leaf dry matter and the prevailing ratio of intercellular to ambient partial pressure of CO2 (p(i)/p(a)) during leaf gas exchange suggested that the decreased partitioning of N to Rubisco activity under long-term N stress led to increased Phi and reduced photosynthetic efficiency. The two cultivars studied maintained similar PEPC activities but differed genetically in regard to investment of N in Rubisco. Greater investment of N in Rubisco was associated with higher rates of photosynthesis and growth at similar or slightly lower leaf N content, indicating that greater relative investment of N in Rubisco activity also led to higher N-use efficiency. The results suggest that regulation of the ratio of C-3 to C-4 pathway activity and its consequences for Phi may play a key role in the photosynthetic performance and growth of C-4 grasses under both favourable and stressful conditions. C1 HAWAIIAN SUGAR PLANTERS ASSOC,AIEA,HI 96701. USDA ARS,EXPT STN,HSPA,AIEA,HI 96701. RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012 NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0310-7841 J9 AUST J PLANT PHYSIOL JI Aust. J. Plant Physiol. PY 1995 VL 22 IS 6 BP 903 EP 911 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TK579 UT WOS:A1995TK57900005 ER PT J AU MCGRUDER, ED KOGUT, MH CORRIER, DE DELOACH, JR HARGIS, BM AF MCGRUDER, ED KOGUT, MH CORRIER, DE DELOACH, JR HARGIS, BM TI COMPARISON OF PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS-IMMUNE LYMPHOKINES AGAINST SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS ORGAN INVASION IN NEONATAL LEGHORN CHICKS SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE CYTOKINE; CHICKEN; IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS; SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS; POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; TYPHIMURIUM; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; MICE; LEUKOCYTES AB Investigations in our laboratories have indicated that when Salmonella enteritidis (SE)-immune lymphokines-supernatants from concanavalin-A-stimulated T cells derived from SE-immune adult chickens-were administered intraperitoneally to 1-day-old chicks before SE challenge, they conferred protection against SE organ invasion within 24 hr. This resistance mediated by SE-immune lymphokines was associated with a concomitant increase in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes that peaked 4 hr after SE challenge. In the present study, we evaluated efficacy of SE-immune lymphokines in protecting chicks against SE organ invasion and alterations in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts. Administration of SE-immune lymphokines to chicks either 30 min or 6 days before SE challenge caused a significant reduction in SE organ invasion. However, when SE-immune lymphokines were administered 2 days after SE challenge, there was no reduction in SE organ invasion. Both prophylactic (before SE challenge) and therapeutic (after SE challenge) administration of SE-immune lymphokines caused a significant increase in numbers of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Results from these studies suggest that SE-immune lymphokines have potential value as an effective prophylactic but not as a therapeutic modulator of early resistance to SE organ invasion in neonatal leghorn chicks. C1 USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT POULTRY SCI,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP MCGRUDER, ED (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,TEXAS AGR EXPT STN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.2307/1591977 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QP310 UT WOS:A1995QP31000003 PM 7794186 ER PT J AU CARR, LE MALLINSON, ET TATE, CR MILLER, RG RUSSEKCOHEN, E STEWART, LE OPARA, OO JOSEPH, SW AF CARR, LE MALLINSON, ET TATE, CR MILLER, RG RUSSEKCOHEN, E STEWART, LE OPARA, OO JOSEPH, SW TI PREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA IN BROILER FLOCKS - EFFECT OF LITTER WATER ACTIVITY, HOUSE CONSTRUCTION, AND WATERING DEVICES SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POULTRY FARMS; ENRICHMENT; MEDIA AB Litter samples from 24 flocks of broilers and four flocks of broiler breeders were evaluated for Salmonella contamination, water activity (Aw), and total moisture content (MC). The drag swab (DS) monitoring system was used to collect samples to detect Salmanella contamination. Simultaneously, representative samples of the uppermost surfaces of dry (loose) litter and wet (caked) litter were collected for Aw and MC analyses. On dry litter surfaces, high Aw values (0.90-0.95) were associated with flocks Salmonella-positive using DS; low Aw values (0.79-0.84) were associated with Becks Salmonella-negative by DS; and transition Aw values (0.85-0.89) were associated with Becks having an increased risk for the presence of Salmonella. The association of high Aw values with Salmonella risk was not observed for wet (caked) litter surfaces. Observations suggest that limiting Aw in the litter base of broiler houses may create a less favorable environment for the multiplication of Salmonella and thus a more hygienic environment for broiler production. C1 USDA,AGR RES CTR E,FOOD SAFETY & INSPECT SERV,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ANIM SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MICROBIOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP CARR, LE (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,VIRGINIA MARYLAND REG COLL VET MED,DEPT AGR ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Tast Lahti, Elina/R-8664-2016 NR 22 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.2307/1591980 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QP310 UT WOS:A1995QP31000006 PM 7794189 ER PT J AU HOLT, PS MACRI, NP PORTER, RE AF HOLT, PS MACRI, NP PORTER, RE TI MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EARLY SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION IN MOLTED AND UNMOLTED HENS SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE FASTING; MOLTING; INTESTINAL INFECTION; SALMONELLA ID WHITE LEGHORN HENS; CHICKENS; COLONIZATION; EGGS AB A study was conducted in which the early kinetics (4 hr to 96 hr) of an infection by Salmonella enteritidis in older white leghorn hens was examined, and a molt was induced through withholding feed to determine its effect on the progression of this infection. Molted and unmolted hens were orally infected with 5-10 x 10(6) S. enteritidis on day 4 of the feed removal. At 4, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr postinfection, liver, spleen, ileum, colon, cecum, and feces were removed from six hens per group and sampled for the presence of the challenge organism. By 24 hr postinfection, S. enteritidis was most prevalent in the cecum and feces of unmolted hens, and this prevalence continued throughout the experimental period. In molted hens, however, S. enteritidis could be detected in a high percentage (90-100%) of colon, cecum, and feces samples at 24 to 96 hr postinfection and in 67% or more of ileum samples at 48 to 96 hr postinfection, indicating a much wider distribution of the S. enteritidis along the intestinal tract than in unmolted hens. The numbers of S. enteritidis recovered from these alimentary samples were also significantly higher in molted than unmolted hens. S. enteritidis could not be detected in livers or spleens of either treatment group at 4 or 24 hr postinfection. At 48, 72, and 96 hr postinfection, 50% or more of: the livers and spleens in both the molted and unmolted hens were positive for the challenge organism, but significantly more S. enteritidis was recovered from the organs of the molted hens at these three sampling times. These results indicate that induced molting has a profound effect on both intestinal and extraintestinal infection by S. enteritidis, and these effects occur within 24 hr postinfection in the intestine and within 48 hr postinfection in the livers and spleens. C1 PURDUE UNIV,ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP HOLT, PS (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,934 COLL STN RD,ATHENS,GA 30605, USA. NR 29 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.2307/1591982 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QP310 UT WOS:A1995QP31000008 PM 7794191 ER PT J AU PANIGRAHY, B SENNE, DA PEARSON, JE AF PANIGRAHY, B SENNE, DA PEARSON, JE TI PRESENCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUS (AIV) SUBTYPES H5N2 AND H7N1 IN EMUS (DROMAIUS-NOVAEHOLLANDIAE) AND RHEAS (RHEA-AMERICANA) - VIRUS ISOLATION AND SEROLOGIC FINDINGS SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS; VIRULENCE AB Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5N2 and H7N1 were isolated from emus (Dvomaius novaehollandiae) and rheas (Rhea americana) in Texas and North Carolina. All the rheas and emus had a history of respiratory disease except one emu, which was clinically normal. The isolates were not pathogenic for chickens and turkeys under the conditions of the experiment. Humoral antibodies to all known hemagglutinin (H) subtypes except H10, H13, and H14 and to all nine neuraminidase (N) subtypes were found in emus and rheas in 11 states. Therefore, emus and rheas are susceptible to infection with several AIV subtypes. RP PANIGRAHY, B (reprint author), USDA,VET SERV,NATL VET SERV LABS,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,POB 844,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 8 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 1 BP 64 EP 67 DI 10.2307/1591983 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QP310 UT WOS:A1995QP31000009 PM 7794192 ER PT J AU WILSON, MA DUNCAN, RM NORDHOLM, GE BERLOWSKI, BM AF WILSON, MA DUNCAN, RM NORDHOLM, GE BERLOWSKI, BM TI SEROTYPES AND DNA FINGERPRINT PROFILES OF PASTEURELLA-MULTOCIDA ISOLATED FROM RAPTORS SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA; DNA FINGERPRINTING; RAPTORS; SEROTYPING; FOWL CHOLERA ID RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; AVIAN CHOLERA; SOMATIC SEROTYPES; SEROLOGIC TYPES; TURKEYS; CALIFORNIA; STRAINS; BIRDS; PREVALENCE; MAMMALS AB Pasteurella multocida isolates from 21 raptors were examined by DNA fingerprint profile and serotyping methods. Isolates were obtained from noncaptive birds of prey found in 11 states from November 28, 1979, through February 10, 1993. Nine isolates were from bald eagles, and the remaining isolates were from hawks, falcons, and owls. Seven isolates were members of capsule group A, and 14 were nonencapsulated. One isolate was identified as somatic type 3, and another was type 3,4,7; both had unique HhaI DNA fingerprint profiles. Nineteen isolates expressed somatic type 1 antigen; HhaI profiles of all type 1 isolates were identical to each other and to the HhaI profile of the reference somatic type 1, strain X-73. The 19 type 1 isolates were differentiated by sequential digestion of DNA with HpaII; four HpaII fingerprint profiles were obtained. The HpaII profile of one isolate was identical to the HpaII profile of strain X-73. Incidence of P. multocida somatic type 1 in raptors suggests that this type may be prevalent in other wildlife or wildlife environments. C1 US DEPT INTERIOR,NATL BIOL SURVEY,NATL WILDLIFE HLTH CTR,MADISON,WI 53711. RP WILSON, MA (reprint author), USDA,VET SERV,NATL VET SERV LABS,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 39 IS 1 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.2307/1591987 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA QP310 UT WOS:A1995QP31000013 PM 7794197 ER PT J AU DAIGLE, DJ COTTY, PJ AF DAIGLE, DJ COTTY, PJ TI FORMULATING ATOXIGENIC ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS FOR FIELD RELEASE SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALGINATE; CORN COB GRITS; RELATIVE HUMIDITY; TEMPERATURE; COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION; AFLATOXIN; STORAGE STABILITY; GRANULAR FORMULATION; WHEAT GLUTEN ID AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; COTTONSEED; ALGINATE; STRAINS AB A procedure was developed to encapsulate mycelia of an atoxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus in alginate pellets for seeding into agricultural fields in order to reduce aflatoxin contamination via competitive exclusion. Kaolin, a clay filler commonly employed In alginate formulations, was detrimental to pellet performance as measured by spore yield. Corn cob grits, a by-product Of the corn industry was found to be an excellent replacement for kaolin. Of nine nutritive adjuvants tested, wheat gluten improved pellet performance the most, although gluten concentrations above 5% were difficult to process. The best formulation tested consisted of 1% sodium alginate, 5% corn cob grits and 5% wheat gluten. On a 'per gram' basis, this alginate formulation yielded more spores than either A. flavus sclerotia or colonized wheat seed. Pesticides were also rested as adjuvants with potential use for protecting pellets under field conditions. Only one (chloramphenicol) of four tested pesticides (the others were dichloran, rose Bengal and cyfluthrin) reduced pellet sporulation. Formulations with or without pesticide adjuvants retained similar spore yield potential during a 2-year storage at 8 degrees C. However spore production in stored products lagged behind that of fresh products. At 75% relative humidity (RH), pellet storage stability decreased with increasing temperature from 27 to 42 degrees C. Pellet spare yield at 32 degrees C decreased as RH decreased from 100 to 90%. Sporulation occurred ah 90% RH but not at 88% RH. Spore yield varied widely in four field tests, and the cumulative spore yield was inversely correlated (r(2) = - 0.798, P < 0.01) with rainfall. The results suggest that alginate pellets may be effective formulations for delivery of atoxigenic A. flavus strains to furrow-irrigated cotton in desert environments, where aflatoxin contamination of cottonseed is most severe. RP DAIGLE, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXON, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 2 BP 175 EP 184 DI 10.1080/09583159550039891 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA RK227 UT WOS:A1995RK22700005 ER PT J AU SCHADING, RL CARRUTHERS, RI MULLINSCHADING, BA AF SCHADING, RL CARRUTHERS, RI MULLINSCHADING, BA TI RAPID-DETERMINATION OF CONIDIAL VIABILITY FOR ENTOMOPATHOGENIC HYPHOMYCETES USING FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VITAL STAIN; FLUORESCEIN DIACETATE; PROPIDIUM IODIDE; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; PAECILOMYCES; FUMOSOROSEUS; BEAUVERIA BASSIANA AB The viability of conidia from two species of deuteromycetes fungi pathogenic to insects was determined using two fluorochrome stains, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI). These stains were used either alone or in combination, and results were compared with standard conidial germination tests. FDA fluoresces bright green in viable conidia and PI fluoresces red in non-viable conidia, when viewed using specific fluorescence microscopic techniques. Conidia from two isolates of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown and Smith and two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin were evaluated. Conidia were suspended in deionized water and half of each suspension was treated with microwave radiation to kill all the conidia. Conidia were tested for viability in non-microwaved suspensions in a mixture (ca. I:I) of viable and non-viable conidial suspensions, and in the microwaved suspensions that contained all non-viable conidia. No significant differences were observed for the four isolates tested between germination tests on water and agar and viability tests conducted with FDA alone or FDA in combination with PI. One isolate of B. bassiana that had been damaged in storage was also tested Differences were observed between the actual germination and the percentage of viability determined using FDA or FDA plus PI. Damaged conidia maintained a measure of viability and fluoresced green, but did not fully germinate. C1 USDA ARS,BIOL CONTROL PESTS RES UNIT,BIOL CONTROL PESTS RES UNIT LABS,WESLACO,TX 78596. RP SCHADING, RL (reprint author), EDEN BIOSCI CORP,POULSBO,WA 98370, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXON, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 2 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1080/09583159550039927 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA RK227 UT WOS:A1995RK22700008 ER PT J AU HOAGLAND, RE AF HOAGLAND, RE TI HYDROPONIC SEEDLING BIOASSAY FOR THE BIOHERBICIDES COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM AND ALTERNARIA-CASSIAE SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALTERNARIA CASSIAE; CASSIA OBTUSIFOLIA; COLLETOTRICHUM TRUNCATUM; SESBANIA EXALTATA; BIOASSAY; BIOHERBICIDE; BIOLOGICAL WEED CONTROL; HEMP SESBANIA; HYDROPONIC PLANT BIOASSAY; SICKLEPOD ID INOCULATION AB A rapid bioassay was developed to measure the bioherbicidal efficacy of spore preparations of the pathogens Colletotrichum truncatum (Schwein.) Andrus and W. D. Moore and Alternaria cassiae Jurair and Khan on hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia), respectively. The system uses 4-day-old dark-grown seedlings (grown hydroponically in paper towel cylinders) which were sprayed with spore suspensions. Shoot lengths were monitored non-destructively and recorded over time under conditions of dark growth, 90-100% relative humidity and 25 degrees C. Shoot growth inhibition and stem collapse (mortality) were directly related to the spore concentration applied. Generally, at 10(3)-10(4) spores ml(-1), these pathogens caused significant shoot growth inhibition within 25-30 h and seedling death within 40-50 h. This bioassay has been used to study herbicide-pathogen interactions, and may be extended to determine the bioherbicidal efficacy of different pathogen isolates, pathovars or spore formulations. This technique is more rapid, uses a lower inoculum volume, requires less space and is performed under more controlled conditions than conventional greenhouse bioassay methods. The data obtained are more quantitative than those obtained from bioassays relying on visual rating systems. RP HOAGLAND, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXON, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 3 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.1080/09583159550039710 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA TB472 UT WOS:A1995TB47200001 ER PT J AU MISAGHI, IJ COTTY, PJ DECIANNE, DM AF MISAGHI, IJ COTTY, PJ DECIANNE, DM TI BACTERIAL ANTAGONISTS OF ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AFLATOXINS; BIOCONTROL; BACTERIAL ANTAGONISTS; COTTON; ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS ID AFLATOXIN-PRODUCTION; PINK-BOLLWORM; COTTONSEED; GROWTH; FUNGI AB In order to search for bacteria capable of reducing the aflatoxin contamination of cottonseed, 892 indigenous bacterial isolates, including 11 that were endophytic to cotton, were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus on cottonseed in an in vitro bioassay. Only six isolates partially or totally inhibited fungal growth. All antagonistic isolates were recovered from bell, lint or seed surface or from the lint of mature bells. One was retrieved from mature seeds. None of the endophytic isolates showed activity. In four field trials, the incidence of A. flavus-induced damage to locules inoculated simulteously with A. flavus plus the most effective antagonistic isolate (D1) was reduced by 41-100% relative to locules inoculated with A. flavus alone. The severity of damage to locules inoculated simultaneously with A. flavus and with D1 was reduced by 60-100% relative To locules inoculated with A. flavus alone. Isolate D1, identified as Pseudomonas cepacia, completely inhibited the growth of A. flavus on synthetic media. C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. RP MISAGHI, IJ (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,TUCSON,AZ 85721, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 5 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXON, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 3 BP 387 EP 392 DI 10.1080/09583159550039846 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA TB472 UT WOS:A1995TB47200014 ER PT J AU Cristofaro, M AF Cristofaro, M TI Open-field tests in host-specificity determination of insects for biological control of weeds SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE weed biocontrol; Insecta; host specificity; open-field tests ID CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS L; ESULA-L COMPLEX; YELLOW STARTHISTLE; NORTH-AMERICA; DIFFUSE KNAPWEED; DIPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; CANDIDATE; TEPHRITIDAE; ASTERACEAE AB Open-field tests may be used for the host-specificity determination of insects used in the biological control of weeds. Such rests allow insects to exercise free choice of plants without constraints associated with the use of cages. Therefore, this resting method can generate host data on candidate biocontrol agents under more natural conditions than those obtained via cage tests. The literature contains 24 studies of open-field testing, involving 13 target weed species, more than 34 species of insects and one eriophyid mite. Field-test data were used to support the release of 20 of these candidate agents into new countries. Most field rests have been conducted in concert with laboratory host-specificity tests or in response to the results of laboratory tests. This review also provides information on experimental designs, locations, categories of test plants included and the constraints of open-field testing. C1 ENEA,DIPARTIMENTO INNOVAZ,SETTORE BIOTECNOL & AGR,I-00060 S MARIA GALERIA,ROME,ITALY. RP Cristofaro, M (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,WESTERN REG PLANT INTRODUCT STN,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 1995 VL 5 IS 4 BP 395 EP 406 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA TP758 UT WOS:A1995TP75800001 ER PT J AU MILLNER, P AF MILLNER, P TI BIOAEROSOLS AND COMPOSTING SO BIOCYCLE LA English DT Article RP MILLNER, P (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU JG PRESS PI EMMAUS PA BOX 351, 18 S SEVENTH ST, EMMAUS, PA 18049 SN 0276-5055 J9 BIOCYCLE JI Biocycle PD JAN PY 1995 VL 36 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 PG 7 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA QB350 UT WOS:A1995QB35000011 ER PT J AU Debano, LF Ffolliott, PF AF Debano, LF Ffolliott, PF BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI The sky island conference: Looking back, looking ahead SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,TUCSON,AZ. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00001 ER PT J AU Unger, DG AF Unger, DG BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI The USDA Forest service perspective on ecosystem management SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 28 EP 30 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00004 ER PT J AU Gottfried, GJ Ffolliott, PF DeBano, LF AF Gottfried, GJ Ffolliott, PF DeBano, LF BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Forests and woodlands of the sky islands: Stand characteristics and silvicultural prescriptions SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FLAGSTAFF,AZ. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 152 EP 164 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00015 ER PT J AU Moir, WH AF Moir, WH BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Persistence of uncommon cryopedic plants in the Chiricahua Mountains spruce forest island SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,USDA,FT COLLINS,CO. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00021 ER PT B AU Buchmann, SL AF Buchmann, SL BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Diversity and importance of native bees from the Arizona Mexico Madrean Archipelago SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 ARS,USDA,CARL HAYDEN BEE RES CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85719. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 301 EP 310 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00031 ER PT J AU Renard, KG Lane, LJ AF Renard, KG Lane, LJ BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI The research program of the Southwest Watershed Research Center SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 ARS,USDA,SW WATERSHED RES CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85719. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 344 EP 346 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00037 ER PT J AU Fowler, WP Ffolliott, PF AF Fowler, WP Ffolliott, PF BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI A growth and yield model of emory oak: Applications on watershed lands in southwestern united states SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,SO FOREST EXPT STN,HOT SPRINGS,AR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 347 EP 350 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00038 ER PT J AU Rinne, JM AF Rinne, JM BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Sky Island aquatic resources: Habitats and refugia for native fishes SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 351 EP 360 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00039 ER PT J AU Stefferud, JA Stefferud, SE AF Stefferud, JA Stefferud, SE BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Status of Gila topminnow and results of monitoring the fish community in Redrock Canyon, Coronado National Forest, 1979-1993 SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,PHOENIX,AZ 85006. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 361 EP 369 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00040 ER PT J AU Stefferud, JA Bills, DT AF Stefferud, JA Bills, DT BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Conservation agreement for the Wet Canyon talussnail, Graham County, Arizona SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,TONTO NATL FOREST,PHOENIX,AZ 85006. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 478 EP 482 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00057 ER PT B AU Spoerl, PM Ravesloot, JC AF Spoerl, PM Ravesloot, JC BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI From casas grandes to casa grande: Prehistoric human impacts in the Sky Islands of southern Arizona and northwestern Mexico SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,CORONADO NATL FOREST,TUCSON,AZ. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 492 EP 501 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00060 ER PT J AU Briggs, AS Dahms, C AF Briggs, AS Dahms, C BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Ecosystem management planning in the Forest Service's southwestern region SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,SW REG,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87102. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 531 EP 533 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00065 ER PT J AU Wade, J Ruyle, JM Deecken, PT AF Wade, J Ruyle, JM Deecken, PT BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Ecosystem planning in the upper watersheds of the San Pedro and Santa Cruz Rivers of the Coronado National Forest SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 USFS SIERRA VISTA RANGER DIST,HEREFORD,AZ 85615. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 542 EP 547 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00067 ER PT J AU AguirreBravo, C Betters, DR AF AguirreBravo, C Betters, DR BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Ecosystem management for lands in northern Mexico: A research - management partnership SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,USDA,FT COLLINS,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 568 EP 577 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00070 ER PT J AU DeBano, LF ManzanillaNaim, S Pollisco, RR Ffolliott, PF AF DeBano, LF ManzanillaNaim, S Pollisco, RR Ffolliott, PF BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Research and conservation literature and database for the borderlands region SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 FOREST SERV,USDA,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,TUCSON,AZ. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 580 EP 582 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00072 ER PT J AU Christman, E Krausman, WJ AF Christman, E Krausman, WJ BE DeBano, LF Gottfried, GJ Hamre, RH Edminster, CB Ffolliott, PF OrtegaRubio, A TI Multiscale analysis in ecosystem management for the Lone Mountain San Rafael valley ecosystem management area SO BIODIVERSITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE MADREAN ARCHIPELAGO: THE SKY ISLANDS OF SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND NORTHWESTERN MEXICO SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biodiversity and Management of the Madrean Archipelago - The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico CY SEP 19-23, 1994 CL TUCSON, AZ SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources C1 FOREST SERV,USDA,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87102. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 264 BP 642 EP 642 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA BE95P UT WOS:A1995BE95P00089 ER PT J AU BAILEY, SW DRISCOLL, CT HORNBECK, JW AF BAILEY, SW DRISCOLL, CT HORNBECK, JW TI ACID-BASE CHEMISTRY AND ALUMINUM TRANSPORT IN AN ACIDIC WATERSHED AND POND IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ACID NEUTRALIZING CAPACITY; ACIDIFICATION; ALUMINUM; DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON; LAKE; WATERSHED ID NEUTRALIZING CAPACITY; LAKE ACIDIFICATION; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION; DEPOSITION; PATTERNS; USA AB Cone Pond is one of the few acidic, clear-water ponds in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, a region dominated by high inputs of strong acids from atmospheric deposition and low base content of bedrock. Monitoring was conducted for 13 months to compare and contrast the acid-base chemistry of the terrestrial and aquatic portions of the watershed. Variations in Al concentration and speciation in drainage waters were correlated with changes in the supply of naturally occurring organic ligands. During the study period, the pond retained 28% of Al inputs, including nearly half of the inputs of organically complexed Al. Chemical equilibrium calculations indicated that the entire water-column was oversaturated with respect to the solubility of synthetic gibbsite during summer, as was the hypolimnion during winter. Retention of Al resulted from an increase in pH in the hypolimnion concomitant with SO42- reduction, and from loss of organic anions in epilimnetic waters. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) generated in the pond primarily through SO42- reduction and base cation (CB) release was balanced by ANC consumed as a result of Al retention. C1 SYRACUSE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,SYRACUSE,NY 13244. US FOREST SERV,NE FOREST EXPT STN,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP BAILEY, SW (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,NE FOREST EXPT STN,RR 1 BOX 779,CAMPTON,NH 03223, USA. RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 42 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PY 1995 VL 28 IS 2 BP 69 EP 91 DI 10.1007/BF02180678 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA QQ540 UT WOS:A1995QQ54000001 ER PT S AU Zeller, K Hehn, T AF Zeller, K Hehn, T BE Tonnessen, KA Williams, MW Tranter, M TI Ozone deposition in a snow-covered subalpine spruce-fir forest environment SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SEASONALLY SNOW-COVERED CATCHMENTS SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, at the XXI Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 01-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys, IAHS, Int Commiss Snow & Ice, IAHS, Int Commiss Water Qual, IAHS, Int Comm Tracers, UNESCO C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0144-7815 BN 0-947571-44-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1995 IS 228 BP 17 EP 22 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BF19G UT WOS:A1995BF19G00003 ER PT S AU Massman, W Sommerfeld, R Zeller, K Hehn, T Hudnell, L Rochelle, S AF Massman, W Sommerfeld, R Zeller, K Hehn, T Hudnell, L Rochelle, S BE Tonnessen, KA Williams, MW Tranter, M TI CO2 flux through a Wyoming seasonal snowpack: Diffusional and pressure pumping effects SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SEASONALLY SNOW-COVERED CATCHMENTS SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, at the XXI Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 01-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys, IAHS, Int Commiss Snow & Ice, IAHS, Int Commiss Water Qual, IAHS, Int Comm Tracers, UNESCO C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0144-7815 BN 0-947571-44-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1995 IS 228 BP 71 EP 79 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BF19G UT WOS:A1995BF19G00009 ER PT S AU McGurk, BJ Marsh, P AF McGurk, BJ Marsh, P BE Tonnessen, KA Williams, MW Tranter, M TI Flow-finger continuity in serial thick-sections in a melting Sierran snowpack SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SEASONALLY SNOW-COVERED CATCHMENTS SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, at the XXI Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 01-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys, IAHS, Int Commiss Snow & Ice, IAHS, Int Commiss Water Qual, IAHS, Int Comm Tracers, UNESCO C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,CUMULAT EFFECT & INLAND FISHERIES,PACIFIC SW RES STN,BERKELEY,CA 94701. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0144-7815 BN 0-947571-44-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1995 IS 228 BP 81 EP 88 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BF19G UT WOS:A1995BF19G00010 ER PT S AU Stottlemyer, R Troendle, CA AF Stottlemyer, R Troendle, CA BE Tonnessen, KA Williams, MW Tranter, M TI Surface water chemistry and chemical budgets, alpine and subalpine watersheds, Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SEASONALLY SNOW-COVERED CATCHMENTS SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Seasonally Snow-Covered Catchments, at the XXI Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL 01-14, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys, IAHS, Int Commiss Snow & Ice, IAHS, Int Commiss Water Qual, IAHS, Int Comm Tracers, UNESCO C1 US FOREST SERV,NATL BIOL SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0144-7815 BN 0-947571-44-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1995 IS 228 BP 321 EP 327 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BF19G UT WOS:A1995BF19G00033 ER PT J AU MILLER, JR SCHULZ, TT HOBBS, NT WILSON, KR SCHRUPP, DL BAKER, WL AF MILLER, JR SCHULZ, TT HOBBS, NT WILSON, KR SCHRUPP, DL BAKER, WL TI CHANGES IN THE LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE OF A SOUTHEASTERN WYOMING RIPARIAN ZONE FOLLOWING SHIFTS IN STREAM DYNAMICS SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE NORTH PLATTE RIVER; FLOOD REGIME; WYOMING; POPULUS SPP; LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE ID FIRE SUPPRESSION; DISTURBANCE; COLORADO; RIVER; VEGETATION; COMMUNITY; PATTERN AB Throughout western North America, flood regimes have been altered as a result of large-scale water impoundments and diversions, yet the effects on riparian landscape structure have not been quantified. Using aerial photographs and a GIS, we examined changes in the Rawhide Wildlife Management Area in southeastern Wyoming between 1937 and 1990 after shifts in the frequency and intensity of flooding of the North Platte River. The river declined in wetted area by 75% between 1937 and 1990. Also, the areal proportion occupied by cottonwood (Populus spp.) stands with <30% canopy closure increased while stands with >70% canopy closure decreased during this period, indicating a shift from young, dense stands to older, more open stands. Some traditional measures of landscape structure (i.e. richness, diversity, dominance, average patch perimeter length, average patch shape), however, appeared insensitive to these changes. Finally, the proportion of the landscape that changed land types declined with increasing distance from the river. We expect further modification of the landscape structure, associated with continued declines in cottonwood recruitment and increases in cottonwood mortality. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT FISHERY & WILDLIFE BIOL,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. COLORADO DIV WILDLIFE,MAMMALS RES SECT,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. COLORADO DIV WILDLIFE,HABITAT SECT,DENVER,CO 80216. UNIV WYOMING,DEPT GEOG,LARAMIE,WY 82071. RI Baker, William/A-7008-2008; Hobbs, Tom/C-5263-2016 NR 41 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PY 1995 VL 72 IS 3 BP 371 EP 379 DI 10.1016/0006-3207(94)00049-V PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RA242 UT WOS:A1995RA24200004 ER PT J AU MACDONALD, GJ WISE, T SLUSS, PM LUNSTRA, DD FORD, JJ AF MACDONALD, GJ WISE, T SLUSS, PM LUNSTRA, DD FORD, JJ TI DIFFERENCES IN PITUITARY GONADOTROPINS FROM MALE PIGS REPRESENTING DIVERGENT BREEDS SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,BOSTON,MA. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 77 EP 77 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200083 ER PT J AU WISE, T FORD, JJ AF WISE, T FORD, JJ TI DIFFERENCES IN PITUITARY-FUNCTION IN MEISHAN AND CROSSBRED FEMALES SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 77 EP 77 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200081 ER PT J AU IMAKAWA, K CARLSON, K CHRISTENSON, RK TAYLOR, A AF IMAKAWA, K CARLSON, K CHRISTENSON, RK TAYLOR, A TI MOLECULAR MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INDUCTION OF OVINE TROPHOBLAST IFN (OIFN-TAU) GENE BY GM-CSF AND IL-3 SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,ATHENS,GA 30613. WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,WICHITA,KS 67208. UNIV KANSAS,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET GYNECOL,WOMENS RES INST,WICHITA,KS. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200125 ER PT J AU KOJIMA, FN YOO, J KINDER, JE ROBERTS, AJ AF KOJIMA, FN YOO, J KINDER, JE ROBERTS, AJ TI EXPRESSION OF FAS ANTIGEN AND INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN-2 (IGFBP-2) MESSENGER-RNA DURING DEVELOPMENT AND REGRESSION OF BOVINE OVARIAN FOLLICLES AND CORPORA-LUTEA SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ANIM SCI,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200144 ER PT J AU HARBISON, LA TAMURA, K KHAN, S CHRISTENSON, RK IMAKAWA, K AF HARBISON, LA TAMURA, K KHAN, S CHRISTENSON, RK IMAKAWA, K TI CONCEPTUS PRODUCTION OF IMMUNOACTIVE AND BIOACTIVE TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA (TGF-BETA) DURING PERIIMPLANTATION PERIOD SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. UNIV KANSAS,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET GYNECOL,WICHITA,KS. UNIV KANSAS,SCH MED,WOMENS RES INST,WICHITA,KS. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200151 ER PT J AU KELLER, ML SEIDEL, GE ROBERTS, AJ AF KELLER, ML SEIDEL, GE ROBERTS, AJ TI INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR BINDING-PROTEINS IN THE BOVINE UTERUS DURING ELONGATION OF EMBRYOS SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,ANIM REPROD & BIOTECHNOL LAB,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200325 ER PT J AU MCGUIRE, WJ IMAKAWA, K CHRISTENSON, RK AF MCGUIRE, WJ IMAKAWA, K CHRISTENSON, RK TI GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) INCREASES MESSENGER-RNA ENCODING FOR OVINE INTERFERON-TAU (OIFN-TAU) THROUGH THE PROTEIN-KINASE-C (PKC) 2ND MESSENGER SYSTEM SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. UNIV KANSAS,SCH MED,WICHITA,KS. WOMENS RES INST,WICHITA,KS. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200356 ER PT J AU GARRETT, WM GUTHRIE, HD AF GARRETT, WM GUTHRIE, HD TI EXPRESSION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTORS, AROMATASE, 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE C-17-20 LYASE, AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO APOPTOSIS DURING THE 1ST PERIOD OF FOLLICULAR DEVELOPMENT FOLLOWING OVULATION IN PIGS SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200375 ER PT J AU GUTHRIE, HD COOPER, BS AF GUTHRIE, HD COOPER, BS TI GRANULOSA-CELL APOPTOSIS, FOLLICULAR-FLUID HORMONES, AND CIRCULATING GONADOTROPINS DURING THE MID-LUTEAL PHASE OF THE ESTROUS-CYCLE IN PIGS SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200374 ER PT J AU TAMURA, K HARBISON, LA CHRISTENSON, RK IMAKAWA, K AF TAMURA, K HARBISON, LA CHRISTENSON, RK IMAKAWA, K TI REGULATION OF ENDOMETRIAL GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) PRODUCTION IN THE EWE SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV KANSAS,SCH MED,WOMENS RES INST,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WICHITA,KS. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200388 ER PT J AU FUNSTON, RN SEIDEL, GE ROBERTS, AJ AF FUNSTON, RN SEIDEL, GE ROBERTS, AJ TI IGF-I AND IGF BINDING-PROTEINS (IGFBPS) IN BOVINE SERUM AND FOLLICULAR-FLUID BEFORE AND AFTER THE PREOVULATORY SURGE OF LH SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYSIOL,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200406 ER PT J AU KLEMCKE, HG MCGUIRE, WJ CHRISTENSON, RK AF KLEMCKE, HG MCGUIRE, WJ CHRISTENSON, RK TI INITIATION OF ADRENAL-FUNCTION IN EMBRYONIC SWINE SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200426 ER PT J AU CHRISTENSON, RK VALLET, JL MCGUIRE, WJ AF CHRISTENSON, RK VALLET, JL MCGUIRE, WJ TI ASSOCIATION OF INTRAUTERINE RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN (RBP) AND UTEROFERRIN (UF) DURING EARLY-PREGNANCY IN THE PIG SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 167 EP 167 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200440 ER PT J AU VALLET, JL AF VALLET, JL TI UTEROFERRIN (UF) CATALYZED LIPID-PEROXIDATION IN ENDOMETRIAL AND CONCEPTUS MICROSOMAL-MEMBRANES IS INHIBITED BY APOTRANSFERRIN (ATF), RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN (RBP) AND THE UTEROFERRIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS (UFAP) SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1526 JEFFERSON ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2106 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 1995 VL 52 SU 1 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA RD902 UT WOS:A1995RD90200500 ER PT J AU Royle, DJ Ostry, ME AF Royle, DJ Ostry, ME TI Disease and pest control in the bioenergy crops poplar and willow SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Seminar on Bioenergy Agreement Progress and Achievements 1992-1994 CY MAR 23-24, 1995 CL OSLO, NORWAY SP Int Energy Agcy DE diseases; pests; biomass crops; energy crops; poplar; willow; rust diseases; leaf spots; Melampsora; Septoria; chrysomelids; biotechnology; pest and disease control ID MELAMPSORA-MEDUSAE; LEAF RUST; 1ST REPORT; POPULUS; VARIABILITY AB An understanding of the population ecology, genetics and epidemiology of pests and pathogens is necessary for the development of reliable and effective pest and disease management systems in energy crops. Rust diseases are among the most devastating on poplars and willows. Analysis of forms of the Melampsora rust pathogens has revealed a complex array of species, form species, races and pathotypes. The important rusts on poplars all appear to be leaf-infecting with life-cycles involving alternate hosts and the full complement of rust spore stages. Most of the rusts on willows are similar, except that there are forms which infect stems and young shoots and which complete their life-cycles vegetatively, as a single spore stage and without the intervention of an alternate host. Rust/clone interaction trials, begun in 1993, have been established at four sites in N. America to determine the regional occurrence of species and races of poplar rust and to assess selected clones for resistance. Until now, only M. medusae has been recorded and was most severe at a site which was in close proximity to a planting of the alternate host, Larix laricina. Trials on willows, begun in 1991 and involving 6 sites, have shown that the Melampsora species and pathotypes occurring in rust populations in the UK and Sweden are similar, but markedly different from those occurring in Canada. New pathotypes have arisen recently in the UK apparently in response to selection pressure from long-term plantings of certain clones. insect pests occurred at all sites but usually without causing significant damage. Until recently, Septoria musiva and S. populicola, which are responsible for leaf spots, cankers acid probably also plant death in poplar, were confined to the northeastern United States and Canada. Probably due to movement of propagating material, S. populicola now occurs also in the Pacific pathogenicity tests and DNA-RAPD profiling. The use of resistant clones is probably the only practical means of controlling S. musiva. Research is attempting to establish linkage between DNA markers and genes for disease resistance. C1 US FOREST SERV,N CENT FOREST EXPT STN,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP Royle, DJ (reprint author), UNIV BRISTOL,LONG ASHTON RES STN,IACR,DEPT AGR SCI,BRISTOL BS18 9AF,AVON,ENGLAND. NR 33 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1-5 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00080-1 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA TP293 UT WOS:A1995TP29300006 ER PT J AU Culshaw, D Stokes, B AF Culshaw, D Stokes, B TI Mechanisation of short rotation forestry SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Seminar on Bioenergy Agreement Progress and Achievements 1992-1994 CY MAR 23-24, 1995 CL OSLO, NORWAY SP Int Energy Agcy DE short rotation forestry; coppice; mechanisation; harvesting AB This paper is split into two distinct parts since it addresses two very different crops grown in North America and Europe. In North America short rotation forestry is being developed principally to generate a feedstock for the wood pulping industry and is typically single stem hardwood plantations grown for 6 -10 years before harvest. In Europe by contrast, coppiced willow plantations are being grown as an energy crop and harvested on a 3-4 year cycle. In North America, the industry is being driven by the large pulp producing companies; plantations are designed to fit the local conditions and specialist mechanisation is generally not being used. Rather, the companies are using standard agricultural or forestry practices for planting and husbandry and using the crews which already exist to harvest the crop. This paper describes the type of plantations which are being used and the mechanisation which is being applied. In Europe, the coppice crops are grown commercially in Sweden and will shortly be planted on a commercial scale in the UK. In Sweden, the resulting wood fuel is fed into the many wood fired district heating plants and combined heat and power plants. In the UK, the majority of new planting will be used to fire power generation plants working on the gasification principle. Three plants have been given contracts to generate electricity under a premium price scheme and this could result in the planting of 8,000 ha of coppice. Sweden has lead the development of mechanisation for the crop and two harvesters are now considered to be commercial; they are based on existing machines for harvesting forage and sugar cane. Planters are also at the commercial stage of development and machines for weed control have been tested. This paper covers the machinery developments and discusses issues relevant to the mechanisation of the crop such as : whether to harvest as chips or as whole shoots (sticks), the impact of soil compaction, weed control and plantation layout. C1 AUBURN UNIV,US FOREST SERV,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP Culshaw, D (reprint author), HARWELL LAB,ETSU,DIDCOT OX11 0RA,OXON,ENGLAND. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1-5 BP 127 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00085-2 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA TP293 UT WOS:A1995TP29300011 ER PT J AU AngusHankin, C Stokes, B Twaddle, A AF AngusHankin, C Stokes, B Twaddle, A TI The transportation of fuel wood from forest to facility SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International-Energy-Agency Seminar on Bioenergy Agreement Progress and Achievements 1992-1994 CY MAR 23-24, 1995 CL OSLO, NORWAY SP Int Energy Agcy DE wood fuel; residues; transportation; bulk density AB Secondary transportation from the forest to the utilisation facility is the simplest of the handling phases in transferring fuelwood from its point-of-origin to ultimate processing point, both in its objectives and application. In spite of this simplicity secondary transport is typically responsible for between 20 and 40% of the delivered fuel cost. Truck transportation is in an advanced state of development as the technology employed comes from a very large scale industry that dominates the transport of industrial products in most developed countries. To achieve a full payload within maximum allowable load dimension restrictions the material transported must have a minimum bulk density of about 250 to 280 kg/m(3). While conventional forest products generally exceed this limit, fuelwood in an unprocessed form may have a bulk density of only 120 to 150 kg/m(3). To offset this problem fuelwood material can be compacted before loading, or compacted in the trailer, but, more frequently, it is comminuted before transport. Processing of fuelwood to a chip allows the use of standard transport systems designed for the transport of wood chips for the pulp sector. Major technological gains to improve the transport efficiencies of fuelwood are unlikely in the immediate future. The most important improvements are likely to come from efforts to improve carrying efficiencies in pulp chip transport because of the much greater volume and value of this material carried annually. Any developments will be rapidly adopted by those engaged in fuelwood chip transport. C1 US FOREST SERV,AUBURN,AL. MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS. RP AngusHankin, C (reprint author), UNIV ABERDEEN,ABERDEEN,SCOTLAND. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 1-5 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00091-7 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA TP293 UT WOS:A1995TP29300016 ER PT J AU Mislevy, P Martin, FG Adjei, MB Miller, JD AF Mislevy, P Martin, FG Adjei, MB Miller, JD TI Agronomic characteristics of US 72-1153 energycane for biomass SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Tallgrass; Saccharum; perennial grass AB Biomass production and plant quality vary between plant species and morphological components of a plant. The purpose of this two-part experiment was (1) to study the influence of energycane [Saccharum sp. (L.) 'US 72-1153'] harvest treatments (6) on dry biomass yield and (2) monitor changes in quantity and quality of plant components with increased plant height. Treatments for Part 1 determined the influence of plant height when harvested at 1.2, 2.5, and 3.7 m, mature stage in October (4.9 m, in flower), mature stage in December (4.9 m, in flower), and additional treatment harvested in October, which received half the total N (168 kg ha(-1)) on dry biomass yield from 1986 to 1989. Part 2 treatments were to monitor changes in quantity and quality (crude protein and in vitro organic matter digestion) of plant components (green leaf, dead leaf, and stem) at 0.6 m plant height increments to a final height of. 4.3 m during 1986 and 1987. Treatments from both parts of the study received 25 kg P ha(-1) and 93 kg K ha(-1) in one application and 336 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) in single or split applications applied prior to growth of each harvest. Plants repeatedly harvested at the 1.2 m height (Part 1) and mature stage produced a 4-year average yield of 10 and 48 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) dry biomass, respectively and decreased in dry biomass yield 89% (1.2 m harvest) and 53% (mature harvest) between years 1 and 4. The stem (1986 and 1987) and dead leaf (1986) plant components increased quadratically as plant height increased, and green leaf decreased from 70% (0.6 m) to 17% (4.3 m height). The crude protein concentration decreased 51% (green leaf) and 81% (stem) and in-vitro organic matter digestion decreased 54, 32, and 34% for dead leaf, green leaf, and stem, respectively as plant height increased from 0.6 to 4.3 m. These data indicate that harvest management is an important factor for energycane biomass yield, ratoon-crop success and plant quality if biomass is used as a methane source. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT STAT,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV VIRGIN ISL,AGR EXPT STN,ST CROIX,VI 00850. ARS,USDA,SUGARCANE FIELD STN,CANAL POINT,FL 33438. RP Mislevy, P (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,RANGE CATTLE RES & EDUC CTR,BOX 62,ONA,FL 33865, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1995 VL 9 IS 6 BP 449 EP 457 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00050-X PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA UH827 UT WOS:A1995UH82700002 ER PT J AU LEGENDRE, BL BURNER, DM AF LEGENDRE, BL BURNER, DM TI BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF SUGARCANE CULTIVARS AND EARLY-GENERATION HYBRIDS SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE BIOMASS; SACCHARUM SPP; HYBRIDS; GERMPLASM; GENETIC VARIABILITY ID ELEPHANTMILLET; ELEPHANTGRASS; ENERGYCANE AB Sugarcane (Saccharum L. spp. hybrids) is a vegetatively-propagated, perennial crop cultivated primarily for sucrose production. The biomass production of interspecific and intergeneric hybrids is assumed to surpass that of cultivars, but there have been few statistical comparisons. The objectives of this study were to determine effects of plant-cane and ratoon crops on biomass yield components for two sugarcane cultivars and early-generation hybrid derivatives (Experiment 1), and to determine the effect of backcross breeding on biomass yield components (Experiment 2). Two cultivars and 47 hybrid derivatives (F-1-BC2) were evaluated in replicated, single-row plots near Houma, Louisiana, for four annual harvests (Exp. 1). Thirty random clones from F-1, BC1, BC2, BC3, and elite generations were evaluated in replicated single-rows in the plant-cane crop (Exp. 2). Fresh-weight biomass yield of one hybrid clone, US 74-69, was 307 Mg ha(-1) (Exp. 1). Mean fresh-weight biomass yield of hybrids was nearly 50 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) greater than that of cultivars (P greater than or equal to 0.05). Fresh-weight and dry-matter yields decreased linearly across crops (plant-cane through the fourth-ratoon crop) for cultivars, but there was no consistent trend for the early-generation hybrids. Backcrossing (F-1 through BC3 generations) to elite parents resulted in a marked reduction of many important biomass yield components, including fiber concentration, solids concentration, and stalk number (Exp. 2). No backcross or elite progeny surpassed F-1 progeny in fresh-weight or dry-matter yields ha(-1). This study confirmed that early-generation sugarcane hybrids have great potential for high biomass production. Biomass production might be improved in later-generation hybrids by selecting for stalk number and fiber concentration. RP LEGENDRE, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS,SUGARCANE RES UNIT,POB 470,HOUMA,LA 70361, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PY 1995 VL 8 IS 2 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.1016/0961-9534(95)00014-X PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA RQ906 UT WOS:A1995RQ90600001 ER PT S AU HALL, FR BARRY, JW AF HALL, FR BARRY, JW BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI AN OVERVIEW OF BIORATIONAL PEST-CONTROL AGENTS SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem C1 US FOREST SERV,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP HALL, FR (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,PEST CONTROL APPLICAT TECHNOL LAB,1680 MADISON AVE,WOOSTER,OH 44691, USA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 1 EP 18 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00001 ER PT S AU TESKE, ME BARRY, JW THISTLE, HW AF TESKE, ME BARRY, JW THISTLE, HW BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND ACCOUNTANCY SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID SPRAY DISPERSION MODEL; FSCBG MODEL; DEPOSITION; AIRCRAFT AB A recently developed analytical model for environmental fate and total accountancy predicts the mass fraction of aerially released material that vaporizes, deposits on canopies, deposits on the ground, or remains aloft, and is part of the FSCBG model, an accepted dispersion prediction system for aerial application of pesticides. In this review the importance of accurate field measurements for model evaluation is discussed in detail, and reference is made to aerial application data collected during 1991 field trials in Utah. Without information on fate (material transport, degradation, and persistence), researchers cannot make predictions, or even reasonable assumptions, about the impact of pesticides on species of concern or ecosystems in general; nor can they weigh the risks and economic benefits of pesticide use. :implications of model use to the environmental fate of pesticides are discussed. C1 US FOREST SERV,DAVIS,CA 95616. US FOREST SERV,MISSOULA,MT 59801. RP TESKE, ME (reprint author), CONTINUUM DYNAM INC,POB 3073,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 95 EP 107 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00007 ER PT S AU SHAPIRO, M AF SHAPIRO, M BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI RADIATION PROTECTION AND ACTIVITY ENHANCEMENT OF VIRUSES SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID NUCLEAR-POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; LYMANTRIIDAE NUCLEOPOLYHEDROSIS VIRUS; GRANULOSIS-VIRUS; SYNERGISTIC FACTOR; ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTANTS; PSEUDALETIA-UNIPUNCTA; CALCOFLUOR WHITE; CONGO RED; LABORATORY EVALUATION AB Although several baculoviruses have been registered for use as microbial control agents, none are currently used on a routine, commercial basis in the United States. Two factors influencing the use and performance of these viruses are susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and slowness in causing lethal infections. For UV protection, recent emphasis has been placed upon absorption in both the UV-B (280-310 nm) and UV-A portions (320-400 nm) of the solar spectrum. In addition, antioxidants or radical scavengers may also play a critical role in the protection of insect pathogens during solar irradiation. Research will be reviewed on the success of different chemicals as UV screens, with especial emphasis upon dyes and optical brighteners. For the past 25 years, efforts have been made to enhance virus efficacy by selected chemicals and by selection of more virulent biotypes. Tire most exciting research on activity enhancement has centered upon a viral enhancing factor, and fluorescent brighteners. Research in the area of fluorescent brighteners will be emphasized from both basic and applied aspects. RP SHAPIRO, M (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST PLANT SCI,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 75 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 153 EP 164 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00010 ER PT S AU LUMSDEN, RD LEWIS, JA FRAVEL, DR AF LUMSDEN, RD LEWIS, JA FRAVEL, DR BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI FORMULATION AND DELIVERY OF BIOCONTROL AGENTS FOR USE AGAINST SOILBORNE PLANT-PATHOGENS SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; PREEMERGENCE DAMPING-OFF; PYTHIUM-ULTIMUM; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; TRICHODERMA-HARZIANUM; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; ALGINATE PELLETS; SPORIDESMIUM-SCLEROTIVORUM; SEED TREATMENTS; LETTUCE DROP AB Because of the obstacles involved in the production of biocontrol agents and their introduction into the environment, limited research has been done on biomass fermentation, formulation, and delivery of microbes for control of soilborne plant pathogens. Considerable work has focused on Trichoderma and Gliocladium due to ease of isolation, culturing, and fermentation of these common soil fungi. Formulations of biocontrol fungi, bacteria, and streptomycetes have been developed experimentally, although most have not been used commercially. Industrially available products include preparations of Agrobacterium, Streptomyces, and the first fungus available in the U.S. for control of plant diseases, Gliocladium virens. G. virens is grown in deep tank liquid fermentation, formulated in alginate prill, and incorporated into soilless potting media for control of the damping-off pathogens Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani. This formulation is effective for disease control of vegetable and ornamental seedlings. Isolates of Trichoderma are being developed for seed treatment. Cooperative research with private industry has significantly advanced progress in this newly emerging technology. Difficulties and problems involved with commercial production of microbial biocontrol agents, especially fungi, are discussed. RP LUMSDEN, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, BIOCONTROL PLANT DIS LAB, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 95 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1995 VL 595 BP 166 EP 182 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00011 ER PT S AU MCGUIRE, MR SHASHA, BS AF MCGUIRE, MR SHASHA, BS BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI STARCH ENCAPSULATION OF MICROBIAL PESTICIDES SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; FORMULATIONS; LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE AB Microbial insecticides, when formulated within starch or flour matrices are more efficacious and have longer residual activity than commercial formulations. Three starch formulations have been developed: a sprayable formulation and two granular baits. The sprayable formulation is composed of a premixed combination of sucrose and commercially available pregelatinized cornstarch or pregelatinized corn flour that can be tank-mixed at solids rates of 2-6%. Bioassays of cotton or cabbage leaf tissue treated with the sprayable formulations demonstrated increased residual activity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) after simulated (greenhouse) or actual (field) rainfall. The two types of granular formulations are: (1) a conventional granule which remains discrete through wet and dry periods, and (2) an adherent granule which, upon contact with water, will partially swell and remain stuck to leaf tissue after drying. Field and laboratory tests have demonstrated that Bt will remain active longer when encapsulated in starch or flour under rainy conditions than non-encapsulated Bt. This technology has also been used for a wide variety of microbial pesticides including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and nematodes. RP MCGUIRE, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 229 EP 237 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00017 ER PT S AU WEIDEMANN, GJ BOYETTE, CD TEMPLETON, GE AF WEIDEMANN, GJ BOYETTE, CD TEMPLETON, GE BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI UTILIZATION CRITERIA FOR MYCOHERBICIDES SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID VELVETLEAF ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; JOHNSONGRASS SORGHUM-HALEPENSE; MALLOW MALVA-PUSILLA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INVERT EMULSION; COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; ALTERNARIA-CASSIAE; CYPERUS-ESCULENTUS; SESBANIA-EXALTATA AB As public pressures increase for reducing chemical inputs in agricultural production systems, industry is challenged to develop effective pest management strategies that result in reduced chemical inputs. The use of plant pathogenic fungi to control weeds provides an environmentally-friendly approach to weed management. Effective use of microbes as bioherbicides is dependent on developing formulation and delivery systems that ensure consistent performance. Advances in formulation technology can be used to overcome environmental restrictions such as limited free moisture and UV irradiation. Likewise, it also may be possible to use formulation adjuvants to overcome biological limitations, such as target weed susceptibility or pathogen infectivity. Examples of current research to overcome environmental or biological limitations and possible future approaches are presented. C1 USDA ARS, SO WEED SCI LAB, STONEVILLE, MS 38776 USA. RP WEIDEMANN, GJ (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS, DEPT PLANT PATHOL, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1995 VL 595 BP 238 EP 251 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00018 ER PT S AU REES, NE QUIMBY, PC COULSON, JR AF REES, NE QUIMBY, PC COULSON, JR BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI BIOLOGICAL WEED-CONTROL TECHNOLOGY - AN OVERVIEW SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem AB An overview is presented describing the procedures used by USDA, Agriculture Research Service for locating, testing, and obtaining permission to introduce biological weed control agents into the United States. Information is provided for obtaining permits, selecting release sites, and monitoring the population increase of the weeds natural enemies. Precautions are rendered for avoiding problems in setting up and working a biological weed control program. C1 USDA ARS,CTR BIOL CONTROL DOCUMENTAT,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP REES, NE (reprint author), MONTANA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,RANGE WEEDS & CEREAL RES UNIT,BOZEMAN,MT 59717, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 252 EP 269 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00019 ER PT S AU SHEA, PJ AF SHEA, PJ BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI USE OF INSECT PHEROMONES TO MANAGE FOREST INSECTS - PRESENT AND FUTURE SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID BARK AB Research and development of insect pheromones for forest pest management has been underway for 15 years. Pheromones offer a particularly unique approach to pest management because they often affect critical behaviors associated with the reproductive process i.e., mating, oviposition, host feeding, and host finding. There are several general tactics or strategies used when utilizing insect pheromones for forest pest management purposes: (1) monitoring; (2) mass trapping; (3) mating disruption; (4) antiaggregation. Development of population management strategies for lepidopterous pests has concentrated on using the mating disruption strategy. Whereas with Scolytidae (bark beetles) research has been focused primarily on development of antiaggregation pheromones. A major hurdle in deploying pheromones in forested environments has been the lack of efficient and effective formulation and delivery systems. Lastly, as with other pesticides, pheromones used in mitigating the effects of pest are regulated by the US-EPA's registration process. RP SHEA, PJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 272 EP 283 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00020 ER PT S AU REARDON, RC WAGNER, DL AF REARDON, RC WAGNER, DL BE Hall, FR Barry, JW TI IMPACT OF BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS ON NONTARGET LEPIDOPTERAN SPECIES IN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS SO BIORATIONAL PEST CONTROL AGENTS: FORMULATION AND DELIVERY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Biorational Pest Control Agents - Formulation and Delivery, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID SPRUCE BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE AB Bacillus thuringiensis variety kurstaki (Btk) is the only commercially produced biological insecticide available for use in suppression and eradication programs against the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.). There have been few multi-year laboratory and field studies designed specifically to evaluate the impacts of Btk on non-target native lepidopteran species. The susceptibility of lepidopteran larvae to Btk must often be evaluated on a species-by-species basis. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT ECOL & EVOLUT BIOL,STORRS,CT 06269. RP REARDON, RC (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,NATL CTR FOREST HLTH MANAGEMENT,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3226-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 595 BP 284 EP 292 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Entomology; Forestry GA BD40L UT WOS:A1995BD40L00021 ER PT S AU Novak, JM Jayachandran, K Moorman, TB Weber, JB AF Novak, JM Jayachandran, K Moorman, TB Weber, JB BE Skipper, HD Turco, RF TI Sorption and binding of organic compounds in soils and their relation to bioavailability SO BIOREMEDIATION: SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS SE SSSA SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Bioremediation - Science and Applications, at the Annual Meeting of SSSA/ASA/CSSA CY NOV 06-07, 1993 CL CINCINNATI, OH SP SSSA, ASA, CSSA C1 USDA ARS,COASTAL PLAINS SWPCRC,FLORENCE,SC. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0081-1904 BN 0-89118-814-3 J9 SSSA SPEC PUBL PY 1995 IS 43 BP 13 EP 31 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BE67D UT WOS:A1995BE67D00002 ER PT J AU BOYLSTON, EK EVANS, JP THIBODEAUX, DP AF BOYLSTON, EK EVANS, JP THIBODEAUX, DP TI A QUICK EMBEDDING METHOD FOR LIGHT-MICROSCOPY AND IMAGE-ANALYSIS OF COTTON FIBERS SO BIOTECHNIC & HISTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE METHACRYLATE EMBEDDING; UV POLYMERIZATION; NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC FIBERS AB A quick embedding method using UV polymerization of methacrylate plastic has been devised for embedding fibers encased in a polyvinyl chloride tube. The resulting embedments are suitable for light microscopy and image analysis. RP BOYLSTON, EK (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1052-0295 J9 BIOTECH HISTOCHEM JI Biotech. Histochem. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 70 IS 1 BP 24 EP 27 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA QP987 UT WOS:A1995QP98700005 PM 7779988 ER PT J AU JONES, DD CORDLE, MK AF JONES, DD CORDLE, MK TI PROSPECTS FOR THE GENETIC MANIPULATION OF DAIRY-CATTLE - OPPORTUNITIES BEYOND BST SO BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES LA English DT Review DE BIOTECHNOLOGY; GENETIC ENGINEERING; TRANSGENIC; DAIRY CATTLE; DAIRY PRODUCTS; MILK PROTEINS ID ANIMALS; MILK; TRAITS AB The dairy industry, with regulatory approvals of recombinant chymosin and bovine somatotropin (BST), has been at the forefront of food and agricultural biotechnology. The commercial fate of these products is one of several factors that may affect the success of future genetic manipulations in dairy cattle and dairy products. Other factors include technical and reproductive constraints in cattle and the cost of producing transgenic cattle. Early applications of genetic manipulation in cattle, for reasons of cost recoupment, may favor production of heterologous proteins in mi Ik for pharmaceutical and medical use. Such applications could benefit genetic modification of milk and milk proteins for food use by providing advance knowledge and experience in mammalian protein expression. Other research opportunity areas that could affect prospects for genetic manipulation of dairy cattle include genome mapping, metabolic pathways, growth and development, and cattle/microbe interactions. RP JONES, DD (reprint author), USDA,OFF AGR BIOTECHNOL,14TH & INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,ROOM 3868-S,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-9750 J9 BIOTECHNOL ADV JI Biotechnol. Adv. PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 235 EP 246 DI 10.1016/0734-9750(95)00003-9 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA RK728 UT WOS:A1995RK72800003 PM 14537821 ER PT J AU HUTCHISON, RS ORT, DR AF HUTCHISON, RS ORT, DR TI MEASUREMENT OF EQUILIBRIUM MIDPOINT POTENTIALS OF THIOL/DISULFIDE REGULATORY GROUPS ON THIOREDOXIN-ACTIVATED CHLOROPLAST ENZYMES SO BIOTHIOLS, PT B SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID DISULFIDE INTERCHANGE REACTIONS; FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATASE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CONSTANTS C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PLANT BIOL,USDA ARS,PHOTOSYNTH RES UNIT,URBANA,IL 61801. RP HUTCHISON, RS (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT BIOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. NR 17 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1995 VL 252 BP 220 EP 228 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA BE08C UT WOS:A1995BE08C00023 PM 7476356 ER PT J AU GOANS, RE ABRAMS, SA VIEIRA, NE MARINI, JC PEREZ, MD YERGEY, AL AF GOANS, RE ABRAMS, SA VIEIRA, NE MARINI, JC PEREZ, MD YERGEY, AL TI A 3-HOUR MEASUREMENT TO EVALUATE BONE CALCIUM TURNOVER SO BONE LA English DT Article DE CALCIUM; KINETICS; ACCRETION; BONE TURNOVER; POWER FUNCTION; OSTEOPOROSIS; OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA ID PLASMA CALCIUM; DERMATOMYOSITIS; POLYMYOSITIS; METABOLISM; KINETICS AB It is well established that short-term clearance of an intravenous calcium load in vivo reflects bone uptake. Using results from isotope-dilution experiments with Ca-42, a 3-h test has been developed to measure-a quantity, gamma, related to bone accretion. This test is proposed as a useful, clinically applicable measure of bone status. For early times, t, after a bolus of Ca-42, plasma tracer dilution was well approximated by t(-gamma), where gamma is related to the fractional rate of loss of tracer, q, from blood into bone ((l/q)(dq/dt) = -gamma/t). Gamma was evaluated from kinetic measurements on 91 normal female children, adolescents, and adult women in the age range 4-50 years. For t less than or equal to 3 h, all clearance curves were well fit by a power function. Gamma was found to vary from 0.244 +/- 0.031 for adult premenopausal women (N = 22) to 0.392 +/- 0.056 for prepubertal children (N = 29). Using the Spearman rank order correlation test, gamma was correlated with bone accretion measured from classic calcium kinetic studies with a correlation coefficient of 0.721, significant at p < 0.005. In those cases in which accretion and resorption remain tightly linked, gamma also provides information on the state of calcium loss from bone. Gamma was evaluated in 14 subjects with bone disease characterised by increased resorption (osteoporosis, Paget's disease) and in 27 subjects with decreased accretion (osteogenesis imperfecta, types I, III, IV; steroid-treated juvenile dermatomyositis). All subjects with Paget's disease and with osteoporosis showed increased gamma, consistent with high bone turnover. The osteoporotic patients furthermore exhibited gamma increasing monotonically by approximately 1% per year after age 55. The osteogenesis imperfecta patients consistently showed either normal or decreased gamma, depending upon the severity of the disease. The steroid-treated dermatomyositis patients had consistently decreased gamma, in concordance with previous studies demonstrating decreased accretion in disease states requiring steroid medication. C1 NICHHD,THEORET & PHYS BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NICHHD,HUMAN GENET BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD JAN PY 1995 VL 16 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1016/8756-3282(95)80008-E PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RB631 UT WOS:A1995RB63100005 PM 7742080 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM Bao, GP Marmer, WN Dudley, RL Blanchard, EJ Lambert, AH AF Cardamone, JM Bao, GP Marmer, WN Dudley, RL Blanchard, EJ Lambert, AH GP AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS & COLORISTS TI Effects of fiber-reactive quaternary ammonium compounds on union dyeing of wool cotton SO BOOK OF PAPERS: 1995 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION - AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE CHEMISTS AND COLORISTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1995 International Conference and Exhibition of the American-Association-of-Textile-Chemists-and-Colorists CY OCT 08-11, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Assoc Textile Chemists & Colorists C1 ARS,USDA,NAA,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEM & COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA P O BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 PY 1995 BP 437 EP 448 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BE98V UT WOS:A1995BE98V00045 ER PT J AU Blanchard, EJ Reinhardt, RM Graves, EE AF Blanchard, EJ Reinhardt, RM Graves, EE GP AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS & COLORISTS TI Methods for producing and coloring durable-press cationic cotton SO BOOK OF PAPERS: 1995 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION - AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF TEXTILE CHEMISTS AND COLORISTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1995 International Conference and Exhibition of the American-Association-of-Textile-Chemists-and-Colorists CY OCT 08-11, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Assoc Textile Chemists & Colorists C1 ARS,SO REG RES CTR,USDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEM & COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA P O BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 PY 1995 BP 519 EP 525 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BE98V UT WOS:A1995BE98V00052 ER PT J AU LESHIN, LS KRAELING, RR KISER, TE BARB, CR RAMPACEK, GB AF LESHIN, LS KRAELING, RR KISER, TE BARB, CR RAMPACEK, GB TI CATECHOLAMINERGIC REGION A15 IN THE BOVINE AND PORCINE HYPOTHALAMUS SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE CATECHOLAMINE; TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE; DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; HYPOTHALAMUS; SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEUS; PIG; CATTLE ID HYDROXYLASE-IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS; HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; PIG HYPOTHALAMUS; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; STEREOTAXIC CONFIGURATION; OXYTOCINERGIC NEURONS; SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEI; RAT HYPOTHALAMUS; NERVE CENTERS AB Magnocellular perikarya within the retrochiasmatic division of the supraoptic nucleus of bovine and porcine hypothalami were immunoreactive (ir) with antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), but not dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH). Few cells in this region were also immunoreactive for vasopressin (VP) or oxytocin (OT). In contrast, the main division of the supraoptic nucleus contained numerous perikarya immunoreactive for VP and OT, but not TH nor DBH. Both the retrochiasmatic and principal divisions of the supraoptic nuclei contained TH- and DBH-ir fibers and varicosities. This region in bovine and porcine hypothalami corresponds to the ventral A15 catecholaminergic (dopamine-producing) cell group. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ANIM & DAIRY SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP LESHIN, LS (reprint author), USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,POB 5677,950 COLL STN RD,ATHENS,GA 30613, USA. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PY 1995 VL 37 IS 4 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1016/0361-9230(95)00006-2 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA QV596 UT WOS:A1995QV59600004 PM 7620907 ER PT J AU ROSEBROUGH, RW MITCHELL, AD AF ROSEBROUGH, RW MITCHELL, AD TI PROTEIN AND ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE BROILER CHICKEN .12. DIETARY-PROTEIN AND TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T-3) EFFECTS ON THE RESPONSE OF BROILERS TO ISOPROTERENOL AND CYCLIC ADENOSINE-MONOPHOSPHATE IN-VITRO SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE DIETARY PROTEIN; TRIIODOTHYRONINE; LIPOGENESIS; CHICKEN ID LIPOGENIC ENZYMES; THYROID-HORMONE; GROWTH-HORMONE; LIPID-METABOLISM; MALIC ENZYME; LIVER; INVITRO; FAT; INDUCTION; RATIO AB Indian River male broiler chickens (7-d-old) were fed on diets containing 120, 210 or 300 g crude protein/kg+0 or 1 mg triiodothyronine (T-3)/kg diet (Expt 1) and 120, 150, 180 or 210 g crude protein/kg+0 or 1 mg T-3/kg diet (Expt 2) to determine the effects of crude protein level and T-3 on growth and metabolism, Body composition of chickens was determined by a combination of dissection of muscle and abdominal fat pads, and chemical extraction (Expt 1). In vitro lipogenesis (IVL) was determined in both experiments by incubating liver explants for 2 h at 37 degrees in the presence of 10(-4) M-dibutyryl cyclic AMP (cAMP) or 10(-5) M isoproterenol (ISO) and 10(-2) M-[2-C-14]acetate. Acetate incorporation into total Lipid was an indication of IVL. Activity ratios for each of these additions relative to control (-cAMP-ISO) were calculated to ascertain basal v. inhibited rates of IVL. The relative muscle mass was increased by increasing crude protein from 120 to 210 g/kg diet but not from 210 to 300 g/kg diet. Dietary T-3 decreased total body Lipid regardless of the dietary crude-protein level. Increasing dietary crude protein decreased (P < 0.05) basal IVL (-cAMP-ISO) but not IVL (+cAMP). Dietary T-3 decreased basal IVL in birds fed on the diets containing 120 and 210 g crude protein/kg but had little effect on the two inhibited states of lipogenesis (+cAMP or +ISO). The component of lipogenesis sensitive to in vitro inhibition is also the component under dietary control. RP ROSEBROUGH, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,NONRUMINANT ANIM NUTR LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 73 IS 1 BP 73 EP 85 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA QD811 UT WOS:A1995QD81100008 PM 7857917 ER PT J AU CHANDLER, LD ROBERTSON, JL PREISLER, HK AF CHANDLER, LD ROBERTSON, JL PREISLER, HK TI EFFECTS OF COMBINATIONS OF CHLORPYRIFOS AND CYPERMETHRIN ON MORTALITY OF CORN-EARWORM AND FALL ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) LARVAE SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article AB Mixtures of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin were tested against 1-day-old larvae of corn earworm, Helicoverpa tea (Boddie), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), to determine the type of joint action involved in insect mortality. Statistical analyses indicated that mixtures of both insecticides interacted additively in both species. Chlorpyrifos alone was not as effective against larvae of fall armyworm as it was against larvae of corn earworm. No apparent differences in toxicity between the two species were observed with cypermethrin. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW EXPT STN,BERKELEY,CA 94701. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA ON K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 127 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QN801 UT WOS:A1995QN80100004 ER PT J AU HEIN, GL ELLIOTT, NC MICHELS, GJ KIECKHEFER, RW AF HEIN, GL ELLIOTT, NC MICHELS, GJ KIECKHEFER, RW TI A GENERAL-METHOD FOR ESTIMATING CEREAL APHID POPULATIONS IN SMALL-GRAIN FIELDS BASED ON FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID SAMPLING PLANS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; INCIDENCE COUNTS; UNITED-STATES; SPRING WHEAT; HOMOPTERA; DENSITY AB Similarities in population parameters among aphid species led us to investigate the potential for a single set of parameters that can be used to develop a 'generic' sampling plan for multiple small grain aphid species. A weighted average for the slope and intercept used to relate the proportion of infested tillers to the number of aphids per tiller was determined from the data in 15 published reports. These average parameter estimates were used to predict the number of aphids per tiller in 48 wheat fields sampled for four aphid species. The predicted estimates were regressed on the observed estimates with neither slopes nor intercepts differing significantly from one or zero, respectively. Therefore, it appears the single model is adequate for predicting aphid density for the aphid species tested. C1 USDA ARS,SPA,PLANT SCI RES LAB,STILLWATER,OK 74075. TEXAS A&M UNIV,AGR EXPT STN,BUSHLAND,TX 79012. USDA ARS,NPA,NO GRAIN INSECTS RES LAB,BROOKINGS,SD 57006. RP HEIN, GL (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR PANHANDLE RES & EXTENS,4502 AVE I,SCOTTSBLUFF,NE 69361, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA ON K2A 1Y8, CANADA SN 0008-347X J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 127 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QN801 UT WOS:A1995QN80100008 ER PT J AU Harrington, DH Whitener, L Bollman, RD Freshwater, D Ehrensaft, P AF Harrington, DH Whitener, L Bollman, RD Freshwater, D Ehrensaft, P TI Farms, farm families, and farming communities - Preface SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. UNIV KENTUCKY,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. UNIV QUEBEC,MONTREAL,PQ H3C 3P8,CANADA. RP Harrington, DH (reprint author), ECON RES SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400001 ER PT J AU Harrington, DH Reinsel, RD AF Harrington, DH Reinsel, RD TI A synthesis of forces driving structural change SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID SIZE AB Forces and causal mechanisms leading to structural change in agriculture are compared and contrasted The theoretical bases for most alternative mechanisms of farm structural change rest in departures of reality from the assumptions of the perfectly competitive model. Different authors have emphasized different departures of reality from this model to arrive at startlingly different conclusions on the causal mechanisms and policy prescriptions that follow from them. The authors present their own synthesis of the causal mechanisms of farm structural change. RP Harrington, DH (reprint author), ECON RES SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 3 EP 14 PG 12 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400002 ER PT J AU Bollman, RD Whitener, LA Tung, FL AF Bollman, RD Whitener, LA Tung, FL TI Trends and patterns of agricultural structural change: A Canada US comparison SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID FARM AB The removal of trading barriers in North America suggests that mutual forces operating in Canada and the United States are likely to result in similar agricultural structural adjustments in both countries. This study explores specific agricultural structural issues to help distinguish those fundamental features most likely to be affected by changing trade policies. The analysis focuses on fundamental features including long-term trends in the number, size, and organization of farms, changes in the distribution of farms by major type of enterprise, trends in labor employed in agriculture and changes in the economic status of farm households. The findings suggests move commonalities than disparities in economic conditions and structural trends between Canada and the United States and the authors identify trends in farm structure in the two countries that are likely to continue. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Bollman, RD (reprint author), STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 15 EP 28 PG 14 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400003 ER PT J AU Oliveira, VJ Whitener, LA Bollman, R AF Oliveira, VJ Whitener, LA Bollman, R TI Farm structure data: A Canada US comparative review SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB The availability of accurate, reliable, and timely data on the farm sector has become increasingly important for exploring the changing structure of agriculture in a more global context National governments need to understand the structure of their agricultural economies to help anticipate future structural change. This paper examines the background methodology, definitions, and content of 10 major U.S. and Canadian data sources and identifies major points that users should consider when comparing Canadian and U.S. data. The content of farm structure data sources is similar in both countries but critical differences focus on the definition of a farm and whom to include as a farm operator Also, the exchange rate complicates comparisons of farm financial data between the United States and Canada In addition, the paper explores issues to help improve future data collection efforts and enhance the comparability of data between the two countries. C1 STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Oliveira, VJ (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 29 EP 45 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400004 ER PT J AU Peterson, RN AF Peterson, RN TI The concentration of agricultural production in Canada and the United States since 1970, - An Ortega parameter analysis SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL FORM; LORENZ CURVE AB This paper develops a more parsimonious technique of representing changes in agricultural concentration data in the United States and Canada from 1971 to 1991 by examining the trajectories of Lorenz curves through the Ortega functional form. This technique makes it possible to chart the trajectory of evolving concentration on an X-Y graph for visual representation of U.S. and Canadian data across regions, commodities, and time. Study findings indicate that patterns of agricultural concentration in the northern United States and Canada were relatively similar in their position and movement through time, although Canada's agricultural production was less concentrated The southern United States was very dissimilar from the northern United States and Canada. Also, the seventies marked a period of rapid increase in concentration for all commodities in both the northern United States and Canada. In contrast, the 1980s resulted in a period of ambiguity with considerable variation in rate and direction of commodity concentration in both countries. RP Peterson, RN (reprint author), ECON RES SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 47 EP 65 PG 19 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400005 ER PT J AU Gale, HF Pursey, S AF Gale, HF Pursey, S TI Microdynamics of farm size, growth, and decline: A Canada US comparison SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB This study compares farm size, growth, and decline of Canadian and U.S. farms by using longitudinal census data from a homogeneous region of the United States and Canada. Comparisons of U.S. and Canadian wheat farms in the Prairie-Northern Plains showed that wheat farms in the United States were larger and grew much faster than their Canadian counterparts between the mid-1970s and late 1980s. Older farmers in Canada showed a greater tendency than U.S. farmers to scale back the size of their operations The difference in farm size between entering and exiting operators in the United States was much larger than the difference in Canada. Thus, the average size of farms in the group of U.S. farms studied rose faster than that of the Canadian farms and the distribution of U.S. farms showed a greater degree of skewness resulting from the presence of a greater number of very large farms. C1 STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Gale, HF (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 67 EP 77 PG 11 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400006 ER PT J AU Barnard, CH Grimard, J AF Barnard, CH Grimard, J TI Financial structure of Canadian and US farms, 1989 and 1991 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB This study compares the financial structure of Canadian and U.S. farms in 1989 and 1991 to better understand changes in farm financial structure which could emerge from a freer trade environment. The financial characteristics of U.S. and Canadian farms exhibited clearly distinguishable patterns in 1989 and 1991. On a per farm basis, U.S. and Canadian farms were most similar in terms of total asset value and operator family income. Differences were greatest in terms of debt, profitability, and the importance of nonfarm income to family income. As is common in structural analysis, many of the relationships observable in National level data are so consistent that they transcend type and size categories. Poultry, and to a lesser extent hogs, were the least similar; grain farms were the most similar. In the long term, a gradual reduction in global trade barriers is likely to lead to an equilibration of rates of return, balance sheets that show similar asset levels as farms adjust to similar sizes, and increased proportions of part-time farming and nonfarm income. C1 AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Barnard, CH (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 79 EP 90 PG 12 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400007 ER PT J AU Apedaile, L Barnard, C Bollman, R Calkins, B AF Apedaile, L Barnard, C Bollman, R Calkins, B TI The structure of agricultural household earnings in North America: Positioning for trade liberalization SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB This analysis goes beyond usual models of structural change to explore two forms of earnings and income structure-source and composition-in US and Canadian farm households. The analysis of the source structure of household income reveals that, in general, one-quarter of aggregate production is by households receiving no market net farm income. These households are sustained by off-farm work by family members, by investment income, by pensions and other social transfers and by direct agricultural subsidies. For these households: agricultural policy and the non-agricultural economy are the major determinants of household income. The analysis of the compositions structure of household earnings reveals that the labour share of household income is substantial in Western Canada slightly lower in Eastern Canada and the NE-US and only a small share elsewhere in the US. The shave attributable to capital also appears small. Thus, the share attributable to ''rent'' in the Western US and the SE-US is higher suggesting that these regions have a higher capacity to adjust to any downturns in agriculture commodity markets. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC. STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Apedaile, L (reprint author), UNIV ALBERTA,EDMONTON,AB,CANADA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 91 EP 114 PG 24 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400008 ER PT J AU Perry, J Keating, N Effland, A Shaver, F AF Perry, J Keating, N Effland, A Shaver, F TI Gender and generation on family farms SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID LAND OWNERSHIP; WOMEN AB This paper approaches the study of farm structure from a household perspective, identifying gender and generation issues to be considered in future analyses of farm structure. A literature review on the gendered division of farm involvement highlights conceptual and methodological concerns over definitions of farm operator, farm work, and farm ownership, which may have confused or limited our understanding of patterns and changes in U.S and Canadian farming. Studies focusing on the interrelated lifecycle processes of individual, business, and family and the process of intergenerational transfer of the farm business have been hindered by inadequate longitudinal data to explore generational changes in farming. The paper finds that research on gender and generation in the United States and Canada identifies similar family issues and problems in the two countries. The critical differences are not between countries, but within families. Future efforts to fully understand contemporary agriculture in North America must consider the patterns of relationships among people who run farm businesses. C1 UNIV EDMONTON,EDMONTON,AB,CANADA. CONCORDIA UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. RP Perry, J (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 115 EP 130 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400009 ER PT J AU Reimer, B Carlin, TA Bentley, S AF Reimer, B Carlin, TA Bentley, S TI Interrelationships of farm structure and the local community in Canada and the northern United States SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB Differences in local farm structure are shown to be associated with both farm-related factors and nonfarm factors such as local economic structure and population growth. The percent of farms with real exchange rate adjusted gross farm sales of less than U.S.$50,000 is used to jointly array Canadian census divisions and U.S. counties into quartiles. Those jurisdictions with the highest percentage of small farms (85 percent or more) were defined as small-farm jurisdictions, those with the lowest (less than 59 percent) were defined as large-farm jurisdictions. Per capita income, percent of division income fr om manufacturing, and population change joined more traditional farm-related variables in discriminating between large-farm and small-farm Canadian census divisions. Several additional nonfarm variables were important in the U.S. analysis. The research strongly reinforces the importance of non-farm factors in understanding the emerging structure of the local farming sector. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP Reimer, B (reprint author), CONCORDIA UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 131 EP 144 PG 14 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400010 ER PT J AU Hoffman, L Ash, M Tung, FL Dyck, J AF Hoffman, L Ash, M Tung, FL Dyck, J TI A comparison of structural change in Canadian and US grain farming SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB This paper compares recent changes in the structure of grain farming for Canada and the United States. Grain farming was found to be quire similar for both countries. Major differences focus on the greater degree of specialization of U.S. grain farms, the dominance of the sole proprietorship form of organization in the United States, and the greater dependence of U.S. grain producers on off-farm income sources. The competitive positions of grain farms, as measured by distributions of gross margins, show that the Untied States has both a higher proportion of grain farms with zero or negative gross margins, and a higher proportion of farms with very high gross margins. Canadian grain farms had narrower distributions of gross operating margins averaging 19, while U.S. gross margins averaged 24%. Climatic differences, differing commodity policies, and institutional arrangements in grain marketing and transportation are factors explaining differences in competitiveness. C1 AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Hoffman, L (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 145 EP 163 PG 19 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400011 ER PT J AU Zepp, G Plummer, C McLaughlin, B AF Zepp, G Plummer, C McLaughlin, B TI Potatoes: A comparison of Canada US structure SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB The development of the potato industries in Canada and the United Stares is traced from the 1930's to the present. Potato production evolved over this period, from a dominantly low productivity farm self-sufficiency enterprise to a highly capitalized highly productive commercial enterprise. In the United States, production became more concentrated in the West (61 percent of production in 1987, compared with 23 percent in 1939). In Canada, production remained 80 percent in the East and 20 percent in the West; but Eastern production fended to concentrate in New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. The rise in consumption of processed potatoes and decline in fresh tablestock use greatly changed the marketing sector over this same period. Trade issues stemming from different levels of government assistance in the two countries and potential impacts of the GATT, NAFTA, and CUSTA are explored. C1 STAT CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. RP Zepp, G (reprint author), USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 165 EP 176 PG 12 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400012 ER PT J AU Schissel, B Mathews, K Nelson, K AF Schissel, B Mathews, K Nelson, K TI The cow-calf industry in Canada and the United States: A comparison SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB The cow-calf sector is unique as it exists in virtually every state and province in North America. Feeder calf prices track closely suggesting the feeder calf sub-sector is continental in scope. The feed lot industry is moving west, due in part to a constant supply of feeder calves, in turn due in part to a cheap forage base. The number of farms with over 100 beef cows is increasing but much Of the production remains in small herds. These larger herds account for only 35% of beef cows in Canada and 48% of beef cows in the US. Operators with 20+ beef cows averaged 49 years of age in Canada and 56 years of age in the US. Access to publicly-owned grazing land is a factor in the west, representing 74% of land operated by western US cow-calf operators and 40% of western Canada cow-calf operators. The apparent lag in the expansion of the US cattle cycle may be due, in part, to competition for public lands and expected cost increases related to pressures from the environmental lobby. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 177 EP 194 PG 18 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400013 ER PT J AU Fulton, M Harrington, DH Reinsel, RD AF Fulton, M Harrington, DH Reinsel, RD TI Trade, transportation, commodity and marketing policies: Canada US comparison SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB A veritable cascade of government policies influence agricultural structure. Most policies ignore or only tangentially recognize their structural impacts. This article classifies and examines a large number of agricultural programs used in the United States and Canada and explores the economic effects of these programs on: (1) resource commitments to agriculture, (2) incomes and asset values, (3) price and income stability, (4) production risks, and (5) organization, coordination, and exchange of agricultural and food products. Although there is reasonable agreement on the economic effects of these programs, agreement on the structural effects that derive from them is more elusive. The economics profession could profitably allocate more resources to resolving the conflicting explanations and estimates of magnitudes of structural change forces. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP Fulton, M (reprint author), UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SASKATOON,SK,CANADA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 195 EP 207 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400014 ER PT J AU Apedaile, LP Harrington, DH AF Apedaile, LP Harrington, DH TI Structural policies for trade harmony SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIE RURALE LA English DT Article AB This article places the foregoing articles in the larger contexts of commodity trade, families and households, regional economies, and sustaining the ecosphere. Continuing traditional policies could endanger the realization of the benefits of trade. More effective policies are those which can: (1) encourage specialization and competitive advantage, (2) limit entitlements, property rights, and policy rents, (3) encourage fair rules and enforcement, and (4) minimize transactions costs. Effective generic policies for gaining maximum benefits from liberalizing trade regimes appear to be those aimed at increasing the mobility of factors - human, land, and capital - and those aimed at managing uncertainty These ave in marked contrast to the aims of traditional agricultural policies which, because they tend to do the opposite, have limited effectiveness in achieving social objectives and face growing public opposition. C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. RP Apedaile, LP (reprint author), UNIV ALBERTA,EDMONTON,AB,CANADA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN AGR ECON & FARM MANAGEMENT SOC PI OTTAWA PA 151 SLATER ST SUITE 907, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-3976 J9 CAN J AGR ECON JI Can. J. Agric. Econ.-Rev. Can. Econ. Rural. PY 1995 SI SI BP 241 EP 253 PG 13 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA TU044 UT WOS:A1995TU04400017 ER PT J AU DUNKLE, LD MACKO, V AF DUNKLE, LD MACKO, V TI PERITOXINS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SORGHUM SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE PERITOXIN; SORGHUM; PERICONIA CIRCINATA; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXIN; MILE DISEASE; PERICONIA ROOT ROT ID HOST-SPECIFIC TOXINS; PERICONIA-CIRCINATA; COLLETOTRICHUM-GRAMINICOLA; PHYTOALEXIN SYNTHESIS; PATHOTOXIN; ELICITOR AB Peritoxins are low molecular weight, chlorinated peptides produced only by pathogenic strains of the sorghum root rot fungus, Periconia circinata. Genetic data relating sensitivity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to these toxins and susceptibility to the pathogen are consistent with the hypothesis that both traits are controlled by a single semidominant gene (Pc). At low concentrations (5-500 nM), the toxin selectively reproduces disease symptoms, inhibits growth of primary roots, stops mitosis, induces electrolyte leakage, and enhances the synthesis of a group of 16-kDa proteins and the corresponding mRNAs. Enhanced expression of these 16-kDa proteins and disease symptoms are also induced in a nongenotype-specific manner by treatment with mercury, suggesting that the two events are causally related. However, the upregulation of 16-kDa protein expression induced by a fungal elicitor is independent of visible disease symptoms and is, therefore, not a direct cause of damage. Results of experiments with treatments that protect seedlings against the effects of toxin (e.g., proteinase, heat shock, inhibitors of protein or RNA synthesis, inhibitors of protein kinase C activity, and biotinylation of membrane proteins) suggest that disease symptoms result from an interaction of peritoxin with a proteinaceous receptor on or near the cell surface and interference with the normal function of a signal transduction pathway. C1 BOYCE THOMPSON INST PLANT RES,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP DUNKLE, LD (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,USDA ARS,DEPT BOT & PLANT PATHOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 A-D BP S444 EP S452 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC462 UT WOS:A1995TC46200064 ER PT J AU EBEL, J BHAGWAT, AA COSIO, EG FEGER, M KISSEL, U MITHOFER, A WALDMULLER, T AF EBEL, J BHAGWAT, AA COSIO, EG FEGER, M KISSEL, U MITHOFER, A WALDMULLER, T TI ELICITOR BINDING-PROTEINS AND SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION IN THE ACTIVATION OF A PHYTOALEXIN DEFENSE RESPONSE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX); PHYTOPHTHORA MEGASPERMA F SP GLYCINEA; BETA-GLUCAN ELICITOR; ELICITOR-BINDING PROTEINS; PHYTOALEXINS; CA2+ ID HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; HIGH-AFFINITY BINDING; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; F-SP GLYCINEA; MYCELIAL WALLS; VAR SOJAE; GLUCAN; FRACTIONS; BRADYRHIZOBIUM; PURIFICATION AB Inducible plant defenses against potential pathogens are thought to be activated by signal compounds released during early stages of the infection process. In the incompatible interaction between soybean (Glycine max L.) and the oomycete Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea (= Phytophthora sojae) a rapid, localized phytoalexin response is activated at the level of transcription. The phytoalexin response is also stimulated in various soybean tissues, including cultured cells, following treatment with an elicitor derived from the cell walls of the fungus. The best characterized elicitors of P. megasperma for soybean are the branched (1-->3)- and (1-->6)-linked beta-glucans, structural polysaccharides of the hyphal waifs. The glucans are naturally released during the early stages of germination of the fungal cysts in a host-independent manner. Cyclic beta-glucans of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110, a symbiont of soybean, are not active in inducing phytoalexin production in soybean. When tested in combination, B. japonicum beta-glucans inhibited stimulation of phytoalexin accumulation by the fungal glucans. Surface-localized glucan-binding proteins exist in soybean cells that display high affinity and specificity for the fungal beta-glucans, including an elicitor-active hepta-beta-glucoside fragment derived from the polysaccharide, suggesting that elicitor action involves a transmembrane signalling process. The main component of the soybean beta-glucan binding sites appears to be a 70-kDa protein. Hepta-beta-glucoside binding sites exist in several other legumes, such as bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), and lupine (Lupinus albus L.). The signalling process initiated by the beta-glucan elicitor, which leads to the activation of the phytoalexin defense response in soybean, involves changes in the permeability of the plasma membrane to Ca2+ and H+. Chloride channel antagonists are more efficient than calcium channel antagonists in inhibiting both the phytoalexin response and the inducible ion fluxes. The results present evidence that the observed permeability changes of the plasma membrane are primary events in the transduction of the elicitor signal(s) by the challenged soybean cells. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT AGRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID,CSIC,CTR NACL BIOTECNOL,E-28049 MADRID,SPAIN. RP EBEL, J (reprint author), UNIV MUNICH,INST BOT,D-80638 MUNICH,GERMANY. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 A-D BP S506 EP S510 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC462 UT WOS:A1995TC46200072 ER PT J AU KURTZMAN, CP ROBNETT, CJ AF KURTZMAN, CP ROBNETT, CJ TI MOLECULAR RELATIONSHIPS AMONG HYPHAL ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS AND YEASTLIKE TARS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE MYCELIAL YEASTS; RIBOSOMAL RIBOSOMAL-RNA RDNA; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GEN-NOV; ENDOMYCETACEAE; SPOROTHRIX; FUNGI AB The circumscription of mycelial genera among the ascomycetous yeasts has been controversial because of widely different interpretations of the taxonomic significance of their phenotypic characters. Relationships among species assigned to mycelial genera were determined from extent of divergence in a ca. 600-nucleotide region near the 5' end of the large subunit (26S) ribosomal DNA gene. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Stephanoascus is distinct from Zygoascus and that Blastobotrys, Sympodiomyces, and Arxula represent anamorphs of the Stephanoascus clade. The analyses demonstrated the following teleomorphic taxa to be congeneric: Ambrosiozyma/Hormoascus, Saccharomycopsis/Guilliermondella/Botryoascus/Arthroascus, Dipodascus/Galactomyces, and Eremothecium/Ashbya/Nematospora/Holleya. Species assigned to Dipodascus comprise two separate clades. New taxonomic combinations are proposed that reflect the phylogenetic relationships determined. RP KURTZMAN, CP (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 30 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 E-H BP S824 EP S830 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC463 UT WOS:A1995TC46300022 ER PT J AU LODGE, DJ CANTRELL, S AF LODGE, DJ CANTRELL, S TI FUNGAL COMMUNITIES IN WET TROPICAL FORESTS - VARIATION IN TIME AND SPACE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE FUNGI; TROPICAL FORESTS; DIVERSITY; STRATIFICATION; SPATIAL VARIATION; TEMPORAL VARIATION ID WITCHES BROOM DISEASE; CRINIPELLIS-PERNICIOSA; DISPERSAL DISTANCE; ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI; TREE; SEEDLINGS; PATHOGENS; PLANTS; ROOTS AB Understanding variation in tropical forest fungal populations and communities is important for assessing fungal biodiversity, as well as for understanding the regulatory roles fungi play in tropical forests. In wet tropical forests, the canopy is typically occupied by certain wood decomposers, endophytes, epiphylls, and pathogens. Aphyllophoraceous canopy fungi are a subset of species found in the understory. Marasmioid agarics in the understory often form extensive networks of rhizomorphs that trap litter; these and other aerial species are rare on the forest floor. Decomposers are stratified within the forest floor, with some species colonizing only fresh litter, others preferring decomposed litter, and others restricted to soil organic matter. Specificity to particular host substrates is frequent among tropical forest litter decomposers and contributes to spatial heterogeneity in fungal communities over the landscape. Litter basidiomycete and microfungal communities in patches of 1 m(2) or less do not significantly resemble communities in similar patches located at distances greater than LOO m. Disturbances induce changes in the environment and the abundance of different substrates, resulting in changes in fungal communities through time, and variation over the landscape. Severe disturbances, as well as the slight daily variations in rainfall, profoundly affect populations of fungal decomposers and their influence on plant nutrient availability. RP LODGE, DJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,CTR FOREST MYCOL RES,PALMER,PR 00721, USA. NR 49 TC 86 Z9 99 U1 3 U2 27 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 E-H BP S1391 EP S1398 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC463 UT WOS:A1995TC46300096 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, DJ BERRES, ME SZABO, LJ AF MCLAUGHLIN, DJ BERRES, ME SZABO, LJ TI MOLECULES AND MORPHOLOGY IN BASIDIOMYCETE PHYLOGENY SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE BASIDIOMYCETES; CHARACTER EVOLUTION; CLADISTICS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENY ID SPINDLE POLE BODY; HOLLYHOCK RUST FUNGUS; PACHNOCYBE-FERRUGINEA; PUCCINIA-MALVACEARUM; BOLETUS-RUBINELLUS; USTILAGO-MAYDIS; AURICULARIA-FUSCOSUCCINEA; BASIDIAL DEVELOPMENT; KRIEGERIA-ERIOPHORI; SPORE DEVELOPMENT AB To obtain an understanding of the relationships of the basidiomycetes, especially those with horizontally partitioned metabasidia, and of the evolution of structural characters, members of nine orders and an additional four genera of simple-septate fungi (Auriculariales sensu late) were studied using cladistic analysis of light microscopic and ultrastructural characters. Comparisons were made with the nucleotide sequence from the 5' end of the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene analyzed with several algorithms, including parsimony and maximum likelihood. Analyses of both morphological and molecular characters support similar phylogenetic conclusions, but polarization of some morphological characters was difficult without guidance from molecular data. The Uredinales are shown to be an advanced taxon arising from the simple-septate Auriculariales sensu late, and some characters that they share with the ascomycetes result from convergent evolution. The simple-septate Auriculariales consists of more than one clade, and the related gasteroid Pachnocybe ferruginea possesses numerous derived light microscopic characters, including holobasidia. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,CEREAL RUST LAB,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP MCLAUGHLIN, DJ (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT BIOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108, USA. NR 76 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 E-H BP S684 EP S692 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC463 UT WOS:A1995TC46300005 ER PT J AU REHNER, SA SAMUELS, GJ AF REHNER, SA SAMUELS, GJ TI MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF THE HYPOCREALES - A TELEOMORPH GENE PHYLOGENY AND THE STATUS OF THEIR ANAMORPHS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Mycological Congress CY AUG 14-21, 1994 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Int Mycol Assoc, Mycol Soc Amer DE ASCOMYCOTINA; CLAVICIPITACEAE; HYPOCREALES; PHYLOGENY; PYRENOMYCETE; RDNA ID NEOCOSMOSPORA; HYPOMYCES; REVISION AB Phylogenetic relationships among 40 species in the Hypocreales and Clavicipitales were inferred from sequence data obtained from the nuclear large-subunit ribosomal DNA. Cladistic analysis of these data support the monophyly of the Hypocreales, with the Clavicipitales derived from within the Hypocreales. Four groupings were resolved and are informally designated as the Hypocrea, Claviceps, Bionectria, and Nectria groups. Phylogenetic placement of teleomorphs including Melanospora and cleistothecial taxa, such as Heleococcum, Mycoarachis, and Roumegueriella, demonstrate the facility of molecular phylogenies to accommodate taxa with highly modified morphologies. Similarly, the hypocrealean origins of the anamorph species Verticillium lecanii and Acremonium chrysogenum illustrate the potential of the molecular phylogenetic approach to accommodate anamorph isolates within the context of a teleomorph phylogeny. Together these results suggest that a comprehensive classification of the Hypocreales, inclusive of teleomorph and anamorph states, is attainable through a molecular phylogenetic approach. RP REHNER, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SYSTEMAT BOT & MYCOL LAB,ROOM 304,BLDG 011A,BARC-W,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 48 TC 120 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4026 J9 CAN J BOT JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot. PY 1995 VL 73 SU 1 E-H BP S816 EP S823 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC463 UT WOS:A1995TC46300021 ER PT J AU ENSIGN, WE ANGERMEIER, PL DOLLOFF, CA AF ENSIGN, WE ANGERMEIER, PL DOLLOFF, CA TI USE OF LINE TRANSECT METHODS TO ESTIMATE ABUNDANCE OF BENTHIC STREAM FISHES SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VISUAL CENSUS; POPULATION AB Visual estimation of stream salmonid abundance using strip transect sighting models has become commonplace. Application of visual estimation to other stream fishes, particularly benthic forms, has been limited. Examination of the distribution of sighting distances for the Roanoke darter (Percina roanoka), Roanoke logperch (P. rex), and black jumprock (Moxostoma cervinum) indicates that strip transect sighting models that assume probability of sighting remaining constant out to the limits of observer visibility are not appropriate for these benthic species. Our datasets indicate that distance sampling models that assume decreased sighting probability with increasing distance of the target from the observer provide a reasonable alternative to strip transect sighting models. There was a strong positive correlation between abundance estimates calculated using two alternative distance sampling models, as well as between the distance sampling model estimates and an estimate of abundance obtained with a backpack electroshocker. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,NATL BIOL SERV,COOPERAT FISH & WILDLIFE RES UNIT,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,US FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP ENSIGN, WE (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT FISHERIES & WILDLIFE SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 15 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 52 IS 1 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1139/f95-021 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA RG860 UT WOS:A1995RG86000021 ER PT J AU CARTER, MCA KULIKAUSKAS, RM PARK, RB AF CARTER, MCA KULIKAUSKAS, RM PARK, RB TI STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION OF UBIQUITIN GENE TRANSCRIPTS IN PINE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID POLYUBIQUITIN GENE; MESSENGER-RNA; SEQUENCE; CDNA; IDENTIFICATION; EXTENSION; REPEATS; CLONING; FAMILY; FUSION AB Clones encoding polyubiquitin proteins were isolated from a cDNA library derived from Pinus sabiniana phloem tissue. Two different polyubiquitin clones were sequenced. The amino acid sequences of the clones were compared with angiosperm polyubiquitin sequences and with corresponding sequences reported for animal, fungal, and protist polyubiquitins. A computer-aided analysis showed (i) that pine and angiosperm polyubiquitin amino acid sequences correspond perfectly, (ii) that plant polyubiquitins differ from animal polyubiquitins by three amino acids, and (iii) that fungal and protist polyubiquitins are variable, differing by one to eight amino acids from higher organisms. The expression of ubiquitin was studied in bark, cone, needle, phloem, root, and xylem tissues of pine by Northern blot analysis. In all of these tissues, transcripts of about 1000 base pairs were observed. A minor species of 1200 base pairs was seen in longer exposures of autoradiograms. Ubiquitin transcripts were more abundant (in relationship to total RNA) in phloem, cones, and roots than in bark, needles, or xylem. C1 USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PLANT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QN515 UT WOS:A1995QN51500001 ER PT J AU FENN, ME POTH, MA BYTNEROWICZ, A RIECHERS, GH AF FENN, ME POTH, MA BYTNEROWICZ, A RIECHERS, GH TI THROUGHFALL CHEMISTRY OF PONDEROSA PINE EXPOSED TO WET AND DRY ACIDIC DEPOSITION, DROUGHT, OZONE, AND NITRIC-ACID SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-ACID; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; VAPOR; AIR; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION; SEEDLINGS; FOREST; HNO3; PRECIPITATION AB Throughfall chemistry was studied in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) seedlings exposed to wet and dry acidic deposition, ozone (O-3), drought, and nitric acid (HNO3) in open-top chambers in the Sierra Nevada of California from 1988 to 1990. Seven acid rain events (pH 3.5, 4.4, and 5.3) occurred during each growing season, Acidity of the simulated rain treatments had little effect on net throughfall fluxes except for greater net SO42- content in throughfall of the pH 3.5 treatment. Electrical conductivity and NO3- and NH4+ content of throughfall were significantly higher in the NF150 treatment (1.5 X ambient O-3) than in the charcoal-filtered (CF) or non-charcoal-filtered (NF) treatments in all 3 years. Throughfall acidity in the NF150 treatment was higher than that in the CF or NF treatment during the last 2 years of the study. Effects of the NF150 treatment on throughfall chemistry were attributed primarily to deposition of HNO3 from higher N oxides produced by the air-supplied O-3 generator. The concentration of HNO3 in the NF150 chambers was typical for forests in the United States, but only 26% as high as that at Tanbark Flat in the Los Angeles Air Basin. We estimated that co-generated HNO3 contributed 0.5% of the total N in current-year foliage of seedlings in the NF150 treatment. Irrigation treatment did not have a significant effect on throughfall chemistry except for a slightly greater decrease in throughfall pH in the well-watered plants compared with the drought-stressed plants in the pH 5.3 rain treatment in 1989. Absolute values for electrical conductivity and NO3- and NH4+ content in throughfall tended to be higher with greater particulate dry deposition (45-55% removed versus 90% removed by filtration) in 1989 and 1990, but differences were not statistically significant. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,STATEWIDE AIR POLLUT RES CTR,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013 NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 25 IS 1 BP 88 EP 100 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QN515 UT WOS:A1995QN51500011 ER PT J AU SCHREUDER, HT WILLIAMS, MS AF SCHREUDER, HT WILLIAMS, MS TI DESIGN-BASED ESTIMATION OF FOREST VOLUME WITHIN A MODEL-BASED SAMPLE SELECTION FRAMEWORK SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID REGRESSION AB Equations for predicting tree volume are often developed using data collected either by a model-based method such as purposive sampling or by stratified random sampling so that an ''adequate'' number of trees from each diameter class are sampled across the range of classes expected in populations of interest. Such equations are then used together with a design-based (probabilistic) sample such as variable radius plot sampling from a specific population to generate estimates of total volume. The probabilities of selection of the sample trees used in developing the volume equation are ignored, may not be known, or may not be appropriate for populations to which the equation are applied. Less biased and more efficient estimates of the population volume can be generated by using known frequencies or estimated frequencies of the diameter classes in the population from the probabilistic sample used for estimating total volume in the population. These frequencies are used as weighting factors in the construction of population-specific volume equations. We show a reduction in bias and increased efficiency in a simulation study for several forest populations with strong linear relationships between variables and reasonably well known error structure. A model-based sampling procedure called pscx sampling or a large-sample extension thereof is used to select sample trees for volume equations. Such bias reduction did not happen for other populations with weak linear relationships and unknown error structure. RP SCHREUDER, HT (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,MULTIRESOURCE INVENTORY TECH,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 25 IS 1 BP 121 EP 127 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA QN515 UT WOS:A1995QN51500015 ER PT J AU SHANDS, HL AF SHANDS, HL TI THE US NATIONAL PLANT GERMPLASM SYSTEM SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Plant Gene Resources, at the Annual Conference of the Agricultural-Institute-of-Canada CY AUG 19, 1993 CL ST JOHNS, CANADA SP AGR INST CANADA, CANADIAN SOC AGRON, CANADIAN SOC HORT SCI DE GERMPLASM; DATABASES; CRYOPRESERVATION AB The United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) manages the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). The USDA's National Genetic Resources Program was created in 1990, using the NPGS as the model by which other life forms would also be preserved and utilized. While the NPGS is a broadly defined system, ARS has a specific role of acquiring, characterizing, preserving, documenting, and distributing germplasm to scientist users for research and breeding. The NPGS provides genetic resources to users at no cost but with a request to return data to incorporate in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database. The database is available as hard copy, diskette through PC-GRIN, and, for some crops, a CD-ROM disk. Service to users is the primary objective. The NPGS and 40 crop advisory committees exchange technical information on the most important conservation issues. Recent research advances at the National Seed Storage Laboratory provide guidance for storage management of orthodox and desiccation-sensitive seed and vegetative germplasm. Cryopreservation may receive more attention and play a more important role for the vegetative germplasm because improved seed management under conventional refrigerated storage is now possible. RP SHANDS, HL (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 1 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AGR INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA SUITE 907 151 SLATER ST, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 75 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA QN029 UT WOS:A1995QN02900004 ER PT J AU BIDLACK, JE BUXTON, DR SHIBLES, RM ANDERSON, IC AF BIDLACK, JE BUXTON, DR SHIBLES, RM ANDERSON, IC TI PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE AS A PRECURSORY ENZYME LEGUME STEM LIGNIFICATION SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ALFALFA; BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL; CELL WALL; LIGNIN; PHENYLALANINE; AMMONIA LYASE; RED CLOVER ID LIGNIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; CONSTITUENTS; CELLULOSE; CULTURES; ALFALFA; WHEAT AB In some instances, lignin content may not be significantly correlated with phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity because: (1) PAL is not committed exclusively to lignin, and (2) the time of maximum PAL activity may not coincide with maximum lignin deposition. This study evaluates correlations and timing of PAL activity and lignin deposition during legume stem maturation. Three forage legumes, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), were established, and basal stem regrowth was sampled, biweekly, for 10 wk, for dry weight (DW), cell wall (CW), lignin, and PAL analyses. Nonlinear regression of lignin content by the Gompertz function indicated that lignin increased sigmoidally, and PAL activity by the third-order quadratic demonstrated rapid initial increases in activity, followed by decreases, as a function of regrowth days. First derivative of the Gompertz function demonstrated that changes in lignin deposition closely resembled changes in PAL activity. Among species, peak deposition of DW and CW content occurred 3-11 d prior to maximum lignin deposition. Time of maximum PAL activity occurred 8 d prior to maximum lignin deposition in birdsfoot trefoil and red clover and 3 days after maximum lignin deposition in alfalfa. Across species, lignin content was not positively correlated with PAL activity on a protein basis. However, lignin deposition was positively correlated with PAL per unit protein (r = 0.76, P < 0.05) and lignin content was positively correlated with PAL on a per plant basis (r = 0.60, P < 0.05). These results indicate that the activity of PAL is related to lignin deposition in a cause-and-effect relationship. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,USDA ARS,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP BIDLACK, JE (reprint author), UNIV CENT OKLAHOMA,DEPT BIOL,100 N UNIV DR,EDMOND,OK 73034, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AGR INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA SUITE 907 151 SLATER ST, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 75 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA QN029 UT WOS:A1995QN02900022 ER PT J AU HOBERG, EP MEASURES, LN AF HOBERG, EP MEASURES, LN TI ANOPHRYOCEPHALUS INUITORUM SP-NOV AND A-ARCTICENSIS SP-NOV (EUCESTODA, TETRABOTHRIIDAE) IN RINGED SEALS (PHOCA-HISPIDA HISPIDA) AND HARP SEALS (PHOCA-GROENLANDICA) FROM HIGH-LATITUDE SEAS OF EASTERN CANADA AND THE ARCTIC BASIN SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID BIOGEOGRAPHY; PINNIPEDS; ICE; CESTODES; SEABIRDS; LARVAE AB Anophryocephalus inuitorum sp.nov. and A. arcticensis sp.nov. are described from ringed seals (Phoca hispida hispida) in the eastern Canadian Arctic: the latter species is also reported from harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Anophryocephalus inuitorum is most similar to A. skrjabini, but can be distinguished by fewer testes (14-27) and smaller dimensions of the strobila, neck (3.0-5.9 mm long), and cirrus sac (31-70 mu m long), diameter of the genital atrium (44-68 mu m), and length of the male canal (23-42 mu m long). Anophryocephalus arcticensis resembles A. nunivakensis in the structure of the scolex, but is readily distinguished by a longer neck (8.9-14.7 mm), an elongate cirrus sac (60-98 x 44-73 mu m) with a substantially thicker muscular wall, a more globular vitelline gland, and larger embryophores (29-41 mu m long) and oncospheres (24-34 mu m long). These are the first species of Anophryocephalus to be described from phocines in the eastern Canadian Arctic, and are included in a revised key for the genus. C1 FISHERIES & OCEANS CANADA,MAURICE LAMONTAGNE INST,MONT JOLI,PQ G5H 3Z4,CANADA. RP HOBERG, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BIOSYST & NATL PARASITE COLLECT UNIT,BARC E,BLDG 1180,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 73 IS 1 BP 34 EP 44 DI 10.1139/z95-005 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA QY711 UT WOS:A1995QY71100005 ER PT J AU HOBERG, EP AF HOBERG, EP TI HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY AND MODES OF SPECIATION ACROSS HIGH-LATITUDE SEAS OF THE HOLARCTIC - CONCEPTS FOR HOST-PARASITE COEVOLUTION AMONG THE PHOCINI (PHOCIDAE) AND TETRABOTHRIIDAE (EUCESTODA) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID MASS EXTINCTION; ATLANTIC; PLEISTOCENE; PINNIPEDS; ANOPHRYOCEPHALUS; ASCARIDOIDEA; ASCARIDIDA; EVOLUTION; CESTODES; SEABIRDS AB Species of Anophryocephalus are host-specific parasites of pinnipeds in the Holarctic. Phylogenetic analysis of 7 species postulates A. anophrys as the basal taxon and A. inuitorum as basal to A. skrjabini; A. arcticensis is basal to A. nunivakensis and A. eumetopii + A. ochotensis (single tree; consistency index = 74.4%; homoplasy slope ratio = 36.45%). Evaluation of host and geographic distributions postulates ringed seals of the Atlantic-Arctic as ancestral hosts, and the Arctic basin as a paraphyletic area with respect to the North Pacific. Cospeciation within this assemblage was dependent on intense isolation of small effective populations of definitive hosts during the late Tertiary and Pleistocene glacial stages. Rapid modes of parasite speciation, compatible with microallopatry and peripheral isolation, appear to have been associated with isolation of pinniped populations in refugial habitats of the Arctic basin and Beringia. The biogeography of host-parasite assemblages among pinnipeds and Alcidae (Charadriiformes) during the Pliocene and Quaternary contrasts in part with the history elucidated for some free-living invertebrate taxa in the Arctic basin. RP HOBERG, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BIOSYST & NATL PARASITE COLLECT UNIT,BARC E,BLDG 1180,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 77 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 73 IS 1 BP 45 EP 57 DI 10.1139/z95-006 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA QY711 UT WOS:A1995QY71100006 ER PT J AU DORGAN, JF REICHMAN, ME JUDD, JT BROWN, C LONGCOPE, C SCHATZKIN, A ALBANES, D CAMPBELL, WS FRANZ, C KAHLE, L TAYLOR, PR AF DORGAN, JF REICHMAN, ME JUDD, JT BROWN, C LONGCOPE, C SCHATZKIN, A ALBANES, D CAMPBELL, WS FRANZ, C KAHLE, L TAYLOR, PR TI THE RELATION OF BODY-SIZE TO PLASMA-LEVELS OF ESTROGENS AND ANDROGENS IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN (MARYLAND, UNITED-STATES) SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE ANDROGENS; ESTROGENS; HEIGHT; WEIGHT; UNITED-STATES ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; SEX-HORMONES; FAT DISTRIBUTION; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; FREE TESTOSTERONE; OBESE WOMEN; HEIGHT; WEIGHT; AGE; MASS AB We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 107 premenopausal women to evaluated the relations of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) with plasma hormone levels. Participants were 20- to 40-year old women residing in Maryland (United States), whose reported menstrual cycle lengths were not more than 35 days and whose measured weights for height were 85 to 130 percent of 'desirable' based on 1983 Metropolitan Life Insurance tables. Fasting blood specimens were collected on each of days 5-7, 12-15, and 21-23 of every participant's menstrual cycle and pooled to create follicular, midcycle, and luteal phase samples, respectively, for analysis. Adjusted for age, taller women had significantly higher follicular-phase plasma-estradiol levels (percent difference/cm = 1.5, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.3-2.7, and heavier women had significantly lower plasma sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels averaged across the menstrual cycle phases (percent difference/kg = -1.2; CI = -1.9-0.6). Body weight within the range studied, however, was not related significantly to the concentration of SHBG-bound estradiol during any phase of the menstrual cycle. The results of this cross-sectional study suggest a possible mechanism by which height may influence breast cancer risk. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. INFORMAT MANAGEMENT SERV INC,SILVER SPRING,MD. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,SCH MED,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WORCESTER,MA 01605. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,SCH MED,DEPT MED,WORCESTER,MA 01605. RP DORGAN, JF (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC PREVENT & CONTROL,EXECUT PLAZA N,ROOM 211,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010; Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X; NR 40 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JAN PY 1995 VL 6 IS 1 BP 3 EP 8 DI 10.1007/BF00051674 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA QK412 UT WOS:A1995QK41200001 PM 7718732 ER PT J AU Fanta, GF Eskins, K AF Fanta, GF Eskins, K TI Stable starch-lipid compositions prepared by steam jet cooking SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article ID CORN STARCH RP Fanta, GF (reprint author), ARS,USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 8 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PY 1995 VL 28 IS 2 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0144-8617(95)00100-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA TY394 UT WOS:A1995TY39400013 ER PT J AU FISHMAN, ML COOKE, P WHITE, B DAMERT, W AF FISHMAN, ML COOKE, P WHITE, B DAMERT, W TI SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS OF AMYLOSE AND AMYLOPECTIN SOLUBILIZED FROM CORN STARCH GRANULES SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article AB Size distributions of extracts derived from starch were investigated to aid in elucidating structure-function relationships of these polymers in water. Starch granules derived from waxy maize and amylomaize VII were dissolved in water by microwave heating in a high pressure vessel. Transmission electron microscopy of starch deposited from dilute solution and rotary shadowed with platinum, revealed that amylopectin imaged from waxy maize could be broadly classified as about 28% circular space filling patches containing branched clusters and 72% asymmetric linear containing branched clusters. Lengths of asymmetric linear amylopectin components ranged from about 37 to 980 nm whereas the diameter of circular amylopectin components ranged from about 44 to 200 nm. Although the starch in amylomaize VII is about 70% amylose, its narrow asymmetric structure when visualized by microscopy enabled us to image amylose even though amylopectin was present. Lengths of components ranged from about 46 to 254 nm. After smoothing and curve fitting, we found that all size distributions investigated could be treated as if they were multimodal in nature. The most abundant amylose component had a linear density of 8.2 x 10(3) molar mass units/nm. This value could be explained if amylose had an aggregation number of about 5.9. RP FISHMAN, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 4 BP 245 EP 253 DI 10.1016/0144-8617(95)00025-3 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA RF944 UT WOS:A1995RF94400001 ER PT B AU SANCHEZ, FG RUARK, GA AF SANCHEZ, FG RUARK, GA BE McFee, WW Kelly, JM Bigham, JM TI FRACTIONATION OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER WITH SUPERCRITICAL FREON SO CARBON FORMS AND FUNCTIONS IN FOREST SOILS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th North American Forest Soils Conference CY MAY, 1993 CL GAINSVILLE, FL SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Soc Amer Foresters, Canadian Inst Forestry, Canadian Soil Sci Soc C1 USDA FS,SEFES,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-818-5 PY 1995 BP 33 EP 41 PG 9 WC Forestry; Geography; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Forestry; Geography; Geology GA BD26V UT WOS:A1995BD26V00003 ER PT B AU POUYAT, RV CARREIRO, MM MCDONNELL, MJ PICKETT, STA GROFFMAN, PM PARMELEE, RW MEDLEY, KE ZIPPERER, WC AF POUYAT, RV CARREIRO, MM MCDONNELL, MJ PICKETT, STA GROFFMAN, PM PARMELEE, RW MEDLEY, KE ZIPPERER, WC BE McFee, WW Kelly, JM Bigham, JM TI CARBON AND NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN OAK STANDS ALONG AN URBAN-RURAL GRADIENT SO CARBON FORMS AND FUNCTIONS IN FOREST SOILS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th North American Forest Soils Conference CY MAY, 1993 CL GAINSVILLE, FL SP Soil Sci Soc Amer, Soc Amer Foresters, Canadian Inst Forestry, Canadian Soil Sci Soc C1 USDA FS,NEFES,INST EOCYST STUDIES,MILLBROOK,NY. NR 0 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 BN 0-89118-818-5 PY 1995 BP 569 EP 587 PG 19 WC Forestry; Geography; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Forestry; Geography; Geology GA BD26V UT WOS:A1995BD26V00026 ER PT B AU Huber, SC McMichael, RW Huber, JL Bachmann, M Yamamoto, YT Conkling, MA AF Huber, SC McMichael, RW Huber, JL Bachmann, M Yamamoto, YT Conkling, MA BE Madore, MA Lucas, WJ TI Light regulation of sucrose synthesis: Role of protein phosphorylation and possible involvement of cytosolic [Ca2+] SO CARBON PARTITIONING AND SOURCE-SINK INTERACTIONS IN PLANTS SE CURRENT TOPICS IN PLANT PHYSIOLOGY : AN AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Riverside Symposium in Plant Physiology - Carbon Partitioning and Source-Sink Interactions in Plants CY JAN 19-21, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE, RIVERSIDE, CA SP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci HO UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 BN 0-943088-30-5 J9 CUR TOP PL PY 1995 VL 13 BP 35 EP 44 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BG19A UT WOS:A1995BG19A00004 ER PT B AU Chourey, PS Cheng, WH Taliercio, EW Im, KH AF Chourey, PS Cheng, WH Taliercio, EW Im, KH BE Madore, MA Lucas, WJ TI Genetic aspects of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in developing maize seed SO CARBON PARTITIONING AND SOURCE-SINK INTERACTIONS IN PLANTS SE CURRENT TOPICS IN PLANT PHYSIOLOGY : AN AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Riverside Symposium in Plant Physiology - Carbon Partitioning and Source-Sink Interactions in Plants CY JAN 19-21, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE, RIVERSIDE, CA SP Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci HO UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE C1 USDA ARS,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 BN 0-943088-30-5 J9 CUR TOP PL PY 1995 VL 13 BP 239 EP 245 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BG19A UT WOS:A1995BG19A00021 ER PT J AU MCNULTY, S SWIFT, L HAYS, J CLINGENPEEL, A AF MCNULTY, S SWIFT, L HAYS, J CLINGENPEEL, A GP INT EROSION CONTROL ASSOC TI Predicting watershed erosion production and over-land sediment transport using a gis SO CARRYING THE TORCH FOR EROSION CONTROL: AN OLYMPIC TASK LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XXVI Conference of the International-Erosion-Control-Association on Carrying the Torch for Erosion Control - An Olympic Task CY FEB 25-MAR 03, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Int Eros Control Assoc C1 US FOREST SERV,COWEETA HYDROL LAB,OTTO,NC 28763. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT EROSION CONTROL ASSOC PI STEAMBOAT SPRINGS PA PO BOX 4904, STEAMBOAT SPRINGS, CO 80477 PY 1995 BP 395 EP 406 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Forestry; Geography SC Engineering; Forestry; Geography GA BD28N UT WOS:A1995BD28N00035 ER PT J AU RISSE, LM NEARING, MA LUI, BY ZHANG, XC BAFFAUT, C LAFLEN, JM AF RISSE, LM NEARING, MA LUI, BY ZHANG, XC BAFFAUT, C LAFLEN, JM GP INT EROSION CONTROL ASSOC TI WEPP: Validation and applications SO CARRYING THE TORCH FOR EROSION CONTROL: AN OLYMPIC TASK LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XXVI Conference of the International-Erosion-Control-Association on Carrying the Torch for Erosion Control - An Olympic Task CY FEB 25-MAR 03, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Int Eros Control Assoc C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA ARS,NATL SOIL EROS RES LAB,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47905. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT EROSION CONTROL ASSOC PI STEAMBOAT SPRINGS PA PO BOX 4904, STEAMBOAT SPRINGS, CO 80477 PY 1995 BP 469 EP 470 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Forestry; Geography SC Engineering; Forestry; Geography GA BD28N UT WOS:A1995BD28N00040 ER PT J AU DELWICHE, SR AF DELWICHE, SR TI SINGLE WHEAT KERNEL ANALYSIS BY NEAR-INFRARED TRANSMITTANCE - PROTEIN-CONTENT SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOISTURE AB Regulatory agencies within the USDA have expressed an interest in single kernel analysis of grain for determination of basic intrinsic properties such as protein content. A study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of measuring protein content of intact wheat kernels using near-infrared transmittance spectrophotometry. Six wheat classes were examined: hard red winter, hard red spring, hard white, soft red winter, soft white, and durum. Five samples per class were used, with each sample represented by 96 randomly drawn kernels. Within each class, single kernel spectra (850-1,050 nm) were calibrated to single kernel protein content using four samples; the remaining sample was set aside for model validation. The chemometric method of partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used. For reference values, the protein content (N X 5.7) of each kernel was measured by combustion. Typical model accuracies of r(2) in the range of 0.85-0.93 and standard errors of prediction of 0.4-0.9% protein were determined on the validation sets. The number of PLS factors required for optimal model performance ranged from 6 to 14, dependent on wheat class and the type of mathematical transformation on the spectra before modeling. Repeatability measurements on kernels that were reloaded into the kernel clamp indicated that the variance of model-determined protein content caused by kernel positioning was largest for the smaller wheat kernels. Improvement in model performance could probably be attained by the averaging of transmittances taken from several positions on each kernel. RP DELWICHE, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSTRUMENTAT SENSING LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD, USA. NR 16 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100003 ER PT J AU PETERSON, DM AF PETERSON, DM TI OAT TOCOLS - CONCENTRATION AND STABILITY IN OAT PRODUCTS AND DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE KERNEL SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-E; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; SINGLET OXYGEN; BARLEY; TOCOTRIENOLS; TOCOPHEROLS; PHENOLS AB To determine the stability of tocols (vitamin E) in oat products under various storage conditions, several oat products were stored in jars at -24 degrees C or in jars or envelopes at room temperature for up to seven months. At approximately monthly intervals, products were ground and tocols were extracted with methanol and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Tocols were stable for seven months in all products in jars at -24 degrees C. At room temperature, all tocols degraded in all processed products, but were stable in undried greats. Tocols degraded faster in envelopes than in jars at room temperature, indicating that air may be involved in the degradation process. alpha-Tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol decreased faster than the other homologues during room temperature storage in envelopes, indicating differential stabilities. Analysis of hand-dissected fractions indicated that the germ was the location for most of the alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. Tocotrienols were concentrated in the endosperm and absent from the germ. RP PETERSON, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS,CEREAL CROPS RES,MADISON,WI, USA. NR 21 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 21 EP 24 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100005 ER PT J AU LOOKHART, G BEAN, S AF LOOKHART, G BEAN, S TI A FAST METHOD FOR WHEAT CULTIVAR DIFFERENTIATION USING CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; LINES AB Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) parameters, including capillary length, inside diameter, buffer, temperature, voltage, and extraction conditions, were studied to reduce analysis time and increase resolution of wheat proteins. Conditions for the shortest analysis time include: capillary inside diameter, 20 mu m; shortest possible capillary length, 27 cm (20 cm to detector); temperature, 45 degrees C; voltage, 22 kV; and pressure injection for 4 sec (0.25 nL). Three alcohol-water based solvent systems were studied to improve extraction and analysis of gliadins; 30% ethanol-water was optimum. Gliadins were extracted from cultivars representative of hard red winter, hard red spring, and soft wheat classes and separated by CZE. Three separate sets of cultivars that were not differentiable by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 3.1 were differentiated in less than 10 min each by CZE. Cultivars that were closely related (sister lines or intercrossings) were readily differentiated, and cultivars that were not genetically close exhibited quite different CZE patterns. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT GRAIN SCI & IND,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP LOOKHART, G (reprint author), USDA ARS,N CENT REG,US GRAIN MKT RES LAB,MANHATTAN,KS 66502, USA. OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 16 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100010 ER PT J AU MASCI, S LEW, EJL LAFIANDRA, D PORCEDDU, E KASARDA, DD AF MASCI, S LEW, EJL LAFIANDRA, D PORCEDDU, E KASARDA, DD TI CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT GLUTENIN SUBUNITS IN DURUM-WHEAT BY REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND N-TERMINAL SEQUENCING SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-DURUM; LMW SUBUNITS; QUANTIFICATION; PEPTIDES; GLIADINS; PROTEIN; QUALITY; GENES AB Low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) from a residue preparation were fractionated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) of reduced subunits from two biotypes of the Italian durum wheat cultivar Lira that differ at the Gli-Bl/Glu*-B3 loci, such that Lira 42 has the LMW-1 pattern (associated with poor quality) and Lira 45 has the LMW-2 pattern (associated with good quality) of LMW-GS. N-terminal amino acid sequencing was conducted on the major protein fractions (peaks) that differed chromatographically between the two types. The fractions included four types of LMW-GS on the basis of their N-terminal sequences, which differed in their proportions among the various fractions. These N-terminal sequences corresponded to the Ser-His-Ile-(LMW-s) type, the Met-Glu-Thr-(LMW-m) type, the alpha-(gliadin) type, and the gamma-(gliadin) type. The LMW-s type was strongly predominant in the Lira 45 preparation and predominant in the Lira 42 preparation. The LMW-m type was next most important in the Lira 45 preparations, but in the Lira 42 preparations, the percentage of alpha-type sequence was higher than the LMW-m type. Both alpha-type and gamma-type sequences were stronger in Lira 42 than they were in Lira 45. Results indicated that differences in quality between the Lira biotypes may derive from: 1) the relative predominance in Lira 45 glutenins of the LMW-s type and the LMW-m type subunits, probably acting as glutenin polymer chain extenders; 2) the high proportion of the alpha-type and gamma-type glutenin subunits in the Lira 42 glutenins, probably included in the glutenin polymers because they have an odd number of cysteines and act as glutenin polymer chain terminators; 3) the absolute amount of LMW glutenins, which is greater for LMW-2; or 4) some combination of these factors. C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. RP MASCI, S (reprint author), UNIV TUSCIA,DIPARTIMENTO AGROBIOL & AGROCHIM,VIA S CAMILLO LELLIS,I-01100 VITERBO,ITALY. NR 20 TC 68 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 100 EP 104 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100021 ER PT J AU WOLF, WJ AF WOLF, WJ TI GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS AND AMINO-ACID-ANALYSIS OF THE NONPROTEIN NITROGEN FRACTIONS OF DEFATTED SOYBEAN AND ALMOND MEALS SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELL-WALL PROTEINS; SEEDS AB Defatted soybean and almond meals were extracted with 0-5M trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and the extracts were analyzed for Kjeldahl nitrogen. Minimum extractability of nitrogenous compounds occurred at 0.4-1.0M TCA and was assumed to represent the nonprotein nitrogen (NPN). Above 3M TCA, the nitrogen solubility increased rapidly as a result of solubilization of the bulk of the storage proteins. Analysis of 0.6M TCA extracts by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the NPN fraction contained polypeptides of 12 kDa for soybean meal and 28, 12, 10, and 7 kDa for almond meal. These polypeptides were retained by 3.5 kDa cutoff dialysis membranes when the TCA extracts were dialyzed against water to remove the TCA and low molecular weight constituents. The polypeptides represent about 1-2% of the meal nitrogen. The NPN fractions were also characterized by amino acid analysis. The predominant free amino acids were arginine, aspartic, and glutamic acids for soybean meal, and aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, arginine, and alanine for almond meal. The polypeptides of almond meal NPN contained 65 mol% glycine, suggesting the presence of glycine-rich proteins that are structural elements of plant cell wall proteins. RP WOLF, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 115 EP 121 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100024 ER PT J AU WU, YV STRINGFELLOW, AC AF WU, YV STRINGFELLOW, AC TI ENRICHED PROTEIN-GLUCAN AND BETA-GLUCAN FRACTIONS FROM HIGH-PROTEIN OATS BY AIR CLASSIFICATION SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID CHOLESTEROL-FED RATS; LIPID-METABOLISM; BARLEY AB High-protein oat groats were defatted once (1X) or three times (3X) and air-classified. The protein contents of the 1X and 3X defatted materials were 23.4 and 23.5%, respectively; the combined high-protein fine fractions from air classification had protein contents of 30.1 and 32.7%. These fractions accounted for 21 and 24% of the weight (and for 27 and 33% of the total protein) of the 1X and 3X defatted groats, respectively. The coarse residue fraction (> 30 mu m) from air classification of 1X and 3X defatted groats had beta-glucan contents of 16.9 and 17.7%, respectively, compared with 6.1-6.2% in the original defatted groats. These coarse residue fractions accounted for 30 and 28% weight and 82% of total beta-glucan of the 1X and 3X defatted groats, respectively. Useful protein shifting was 25% for the 1X and 30% for the 3X defatted groats. Useful beta-glucan shifting was 104% for the 1X and 107% for the 3X defatted groats. Air classification of high-protein oat groats may have commercial potential for producing protein concentrate and enriched beta-glucan fraction in a single process. RP WU, YV (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,BIOPOLYMER RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 72 IS 1 BP 132 EP 134 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA QG971 UT WOS:A1995QG97100027 ER PT S AU HOLSINGER, VH SMITH, PW TUNICK, MH AF HOLSINGER, VH SMITH, PW TUNICK, MH BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Overview: Cheese chemistry and rheology SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00002 PM 7572357 ER PT S AU TUNICK, MH SHIEH, JJ AF TUNICK, MH SHIEH, JJ BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Rheology of reduced-fat mozzarella cheese SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 7 EP 19 PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00003 PM 7572381 ER PT S AU MALIN, EL TUNICK, MH AF MALIN, EL TUNICK, MH BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Inhibition of proteolysis in mozzarella cheese prepared from homogenized milk SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP Malin, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 237 EP 246 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00015 PM 7572365 ER PT S AU MALIN, EL BROWN, EM AF MALIN, EL BROWN, EM BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Influence of casein peptide conformations on textural, properties of cheese SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP Malin, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 303 EP 310 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00019 PM 7572370 ER PT S AU COOKE, PH TUNICK, MH MALIN, EL SMITH, PW HOLSINGER, VH AF COOKE, PH TUNICK, MH MALIN, EL SMITH, PW HOLSINGER, VH BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Electron-density patterns in low-fat Mozzarella cheeses during refrigerated storage SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 311 EP 320 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00020 PM 7572371 ER PT S AU HOLSINGER, VH AF HOLSINGER, VH BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Nutritional aspects of reduced-fat cheese SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP 339 EP 344 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00023 PM 7572374 ER PT S AU MALIN, EL TUNICK, MH AF MALIN, EL TUNICK, MH BE Malin, EL Tunick, MH TI Chemistry of structure-function relationships in cheese - Preface SO CHEMISTRY OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN CHEESE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemistry of Structure-Function Relationships in Cheese, at the 206th Annual Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-25, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc RP Malin, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44982-X J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1995 VL 367 BP R5 EP R5 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BD42L UT WOS:A1995BD42L00001 ER PT S AU TIMPA, JD AF TIMPA, JD BE Provder, T Barth, HG Urban, MW TI CHARACTERIZATION BY SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH REFRACTIVE-INDEX AND VISCOMETRY - CELLULOSE, STARCH, AND PLANT-CELL WALL POLYMERS SO CHROMATOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERS: HYPHENATED AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL TECHNIQUES SE ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chromatographic Characterization of Polymers - Hyphenated and Multidimensional Techniques CY AUG 22-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL ID GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; COTTON FIBER AB High molecular weight natural polymers are difficult to characterize because isolation, extraction, and dissolution often degrade the polymers and no good molecular weight standards exist. In our laboratory, cellulose, starch, and plant cell wall materials have been directly dissolved in the nondegrading solvent dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride (DMAC-LiCl) without prior isolation or extraction. Size-exclusion chromatography with viscometry and refractive index detectors was used with DMAC-LiCl as the mobile phase. The universal calibration concept was applied to obtain molecular weight distributions (MWDs). Applications include cotton fiber, con and wheat starch flours, and avocado cell walls. Relationships were determined between the respective MWDs and cotton fiber variety, inheritance, textile processing, and strength; starch extrusion conditions; and avocado ripening stage. RP TIMPA, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 BN 0-8412-3132-X J9 ADV CHEM SER PY 1995 VL 247 BP 141 EP 150 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA BE26R UT WOS:A1995BE26R00011 ER PT B AU Acock, B Herner, A AF Acock, B Herner, A GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI ARS pesticide properties database SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SYST RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00001 ER PT B AU Alberts, EE Hjelmfelt, AT Donald, WW AF Alberts, EE Hjelmfelt, AT Donald, WW GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Herbicide transport in surface runoff from three field-sized watersheds in Missouri SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST & WATER QUAL RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 5 EP 8 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00002 ER PT B AU Baker, JM Koskinen, WC Dowdy, RH AF Baker, JM Koskinen, WC Dowdy, RH GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Herbicide volatilization: Measurement and simulation SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 17 EP 20 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00005 ER PT B AU Buhler, DD AF Buhler, DD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Reducing herbicide use in conservation tillage crop production systems SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 25 EP 28 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00007 ER PT B AU Chandler, LD Sutter, GR Hammack, L Woodson, WD AF Chandler, LD Sutter, GR Hammack, L Woodson, WD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Semiochemical insecticide bait management of corn rootworms SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NO GRAIN INSECTRS RES LAB,BROOKINGS,SD 57006. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 29 EP 32 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00008 ER PT B AU Clapp, CE Liu, R Dowdy, RH Mingelgrin, U Hayes, MHB AF Clapp, CE Liu, R Dowdy, RH Mingelgrin, U Hayes, MHB GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Humic acid herbicide complexes in soil and water biosystems SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 33 EP 36 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00009 ER PT B AU Cullum, RF Smith, S Schreiber, JD AF Cullum, RF Smith, S Schreiber, JD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Agrichemical movement in corn and soybean tillage practices in northern Mississippi SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SEDIMENTAT LAB,WATER QUAL ECOL RES UNIT,OXFORD,MS 38655. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 53 EP 56 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00014 ER PT B AU Donald, WW Lerch, RN Hjelmfelt, AT Alberts, EE AF Donald, WW Lerch, RN Hjelmfelt, AT Alberts, EE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Herbicides and degradation products contaminate Goodwater Creek, Missouri SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST & WATER QUAL RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 61 EP 64 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00016 ER PT B AU Dowdy, RH Lamb, JA Anderson, JL Koskinen, WC Riecosky, DC Alessi, RS AF Dowdy, RH Lamb, JA Anderson, JL Koskinen, WC Riecosky, DC Alessi, RS GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Atrazine and alachlor leaching under corn/soybean canopies SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 65 EP 68 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00017 ER PT B AU Fausey, N Dowdy, R Steinheimer, T Spalding, R Blanchard, P Lowery, B Albus, W Clay, S AF Fausey, N Dowdy, R Steinheimer, T Spalding, R Blanchard, P Lowery, B Albus, W Clay, S GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Where's the atrazine? A regional groundwater synopsis SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00018 ER PT B AU Forcella, F Barbour, JC Oriade, CA King, RP Buhler, DD AF Forcella, F Barbour, JC Oriade, CA King, RP Buhler, DD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Weed emergence modeling for a bioeconomic weed crop management expert system SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,N CENT SOIL CONSERVAT RES LAB,MORRIS,MN 56267. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00019 ER PT B AU Gish, TJ McKee, L Wienhold, BJ Shirmohammadi, A AF Gish, TJ McKee, L Wienhold, BJ Shirmohammadi, A GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Climate and tillage effects on herbicide volatilization SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 77 EP 79 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00020 ER PT B AU Hanks, JE AF Hanks, JE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Herbicide use reduction by improved application technology SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,APTRU,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 81 EP 84 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00021 ER PT B AU Hatfield, JL Mickelson, SK Baker, JL Arora, K Tierney, DP Peter, CJ AF Hatfield, JL Mickelson, SK Baker, JL Arora, K Tierney, DP Peter, CJ GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Suffer strips: Landscape modifications to reduce off-sSte herbicide movement SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 85 EP 88 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00022 ER PT B AU Hickman, MV Schreiber, MM Vail, GD AF Hickman, MV Schreiber, MM Vail, GD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Role of controlled-release herbicide formulations in reducing groundwater contamination SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA ARS,MWA,DEPT BOT & PLANT PATHOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 89 EP 92 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00023 ER PT B AU Hummel, JW Wax, LM Stoller, EW AF Hummel, JW Wax, LM Stoller, EW GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Reducing herbicide inputs in weed management systems for the corn belt SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,CROP PROTECT RES UNIT,URBANA,IL 61801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 93 EP 96 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00024 ER PT B AU Isensee, AR Sadeghi, AM AF Isensee, AR Sadeghi, AM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Impact of tillage on herbicide leaching to groundwater SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 97 EP 100 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00025 ER PT B AU Johnson, WE Plimmer, JR McConnell, LL Rice, CP Kroll, RB Pait, AS Bialek, K AF Johnson, WE Plimmer, JR McConnell, LL Rice, CP Kroll, RB Pait, AS Bialek, K GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Pesticides in Chesapeake Bay: Historical perspective and role of the surface microlayer SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NRI,ECL,BARCW,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 101 EP 104 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00026 ER PT B AU Kellogg, RL Wallace, S AF Kellogg, RL Wallace, S GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Changes in pesticide leaching potential between 1982 and 1992: A national perspective SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,NAT RESOURCES CONSERVAT SERV,RESOURCES INVENTORY & GIS DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20013. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 105 EP 108 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00027 ER PT B AU Koskinen, WC Yen, PY Schwiezer, EE AF Koskinen, WC Yen, PY Schwiezer, EE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Evaluation of herbicide leachability screening models SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,DEPT SOIL SCI,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 113 EP 116 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00029 ER PT B AU Leonard, RA Marti, LR Hicks, DW McConnell, JB AF Leonard, RA Marti, LR Hicks, DW McConnell, JB GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Atrazine fate in the Claiborne aquifer recharge area, southwest Georgia SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES UNIT,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 117 EP 120 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00030 ER PT B AU Linden, DR Trojan, MD AF Linden, DR Trojan, MD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Chemical leaching through the effective macroporosity of no-till farming SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 121 EP 124 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00031 ER PT B AU Locke, MA Reddy, KN Zablotowicz, RM Smeda, RJ Howard, KD Bryson, CT AF Locke, MA Reddy, KN Zablotowicz, RM Smeda, RJ Howard, KD Bryson, CT GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Foliar washoff and movement of herbicides in surface runoff SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 125 EP 128 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00032 ER PT B AU McConnell, LL Nelson, E Rice, CP Harman, JA Baker, JE Johnson, WE Chernyak, SM AF McConnell, LL Nelson, E Rice, CP Harman, JA Baker, JE Johnson, WE Chernyak, SM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Pesticides in Chesapeake Bay, atmosphere, and surface waters SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00033 ER PT B AU Moorman, TB Jaynes, DB Jayachandran, K Novak, JM Miller, J Cambardella, CA Hatfield, JL AF Moorman, TB Jaynes, DB Jayachandran, K Novak, JM Miller, J Cambardella, CA Hatfield, JL GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Processes controlling atrazine leaching in the pothole topography of central Iowa SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00034 ER PT B AU Mulbry, W Karns, JS DelValle, PL AF Mulbry, W Karns, JS DelValle, PL GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Biodegradation of the organophosphate insecticide Coumaphos from cattle dip waste SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00035 ER PT B AU Rochette, EA Koskinen, WC AF Rochette, EA Koskinen, WC GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Determination of herbicide-soil sorption coefficients using supercritical carbon dioxide SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,DEPT SOIL SCI,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 149 EP 152 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00038 ER PT B AU Voorhees, WB Staricka, JA Reicosky, DC Olness, A AF Voorhees, WB Staricka, JA Reicosky, DC Olness, A GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Soil freezing effects on fate of soil-applied nitrogen and pesticides SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,N CENT SOIL CONSERVAT RES LAB,MORRIS,MN 56267. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 165 EP 168 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00042 ER PT B AU Workman, SR Fausey, NR Nokes, SE Ward, AD AF Workman, SR Fausey, NR Nokes, SE Ward, AD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Pesticide dissipation and transport in the root zone of the Ohio MSEA SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SOIL DRAINAGE RES UNIT,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 175 EP 178 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00045 ER PT B AU Yates, SR Ernst, FF Gan, J Spencer, WF AF Yates, SR Ernst, FF Gan, J Spencer, WF GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Quantifying methyl bromide losses from agricultural fields SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL I: PESTICIDES SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,USDA ARS,DEPT SOIL & ENVIRONM SCI,US SALIN LAB,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 183 EP 186 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE60Z UT WOS:A1995BE60Z00047 ER PT B AU Adamsen, FJ Rice, RC AF Adamsen, FJ Rice, RC GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Nitrate and wafer transport as affected by fertilizer and irrigation management SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,US WATER CONSERVAT LAB,PHOENIX,AZ 85040. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00001 ER PT B AU Carter, DL Westermann, DT Sojka, RE Meek, BD Wright, JL Brown, MJ Lehrsch, GA AF Carter, DL Westermann, DT Sojka, RE Meek, BD Wright, JL Brown, MJ Lehrsch, GA GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Controlling nitrate leaching and erosion on irrigated land SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NW IRRIGAT & SOILS RES LAB,KIMBERLY,ID 83341. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 27 EP 30 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00008 ER PT B AU Corwin, DL Rhoades, JD Vaughan, PJ Lesch, SM AF Corwin, DL Rhoades, JD Vaughan, PJ Lesch, SM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Salt-loading assessment methodology for managing soil salinity SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,US SALIN LAB,RIVERSIDE,CA 92501. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00010 ER PT B AU Doran, JW Qian, J Weier, KL Mosier, AR Peterson, TA Power, JF AF Doran, JW Qian, J Weier, KL Mosier, AR Peterson, TA Power, JF GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Soil denitrification and nitrous oxide losses from irrigated corn in Nebraska SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00012 ER PT B AU Fausey, NR Cooper, RL AF Fausey, NR Cooper, RL GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Wafer table management for crop production and groundwater qualify protection SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 51 EP 54 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00014 ER PT B AU Follett, RF AF Follett, RF GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI NLEAP simulation of nitrate leaching for irrigated and nonirrigated corn on a sandy soil SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SOIL PLANT NUTRIENT RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 55 EP 58 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00015 ER PT B AU Francis, DD Sims, AL Schepers, JS AF Francis, DD Sims, AL Schepers, JS GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Nitrogen requirement, availability, and utilization SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 59 EP 62 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00016 ER PT B AU Hubbard, RK Davis, JG Lowrance, RR Newton, GL Vellidis, G Dove, R AF Hubbard, RK Davis, JG Lowrance, RR Newton, GL Vellidis, G Dove, R GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Designing riparian buffer systems for utilization and treatment of effluent SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 75 EP 77 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00020 ER PT B AU Hunter, WJ Follett, RF AF Hunter, WJ Follett, RF GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Use of vegetable oil to bioremediate high nitrate well water SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SOIL PLANT NUTRIENT RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 79 EP 82 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00021 ER PT B AU Lamb, JFS Russelle, MP Barnes, DK Vance, CP AF Lamb, JFS Russelle, MP Barnes, DK Vance, CP GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Develop alfalfa to increase N-2 fixation and reduce nitrogen losses to the environment SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 MWA,USDA,ARS,PLANT SCI RES UNIT,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 119 EP 122 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00031 ER PT B AU McCarty, GW Meisinger, JJ AF McCarty, GW Meisinger, JJ GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Influence of no-tillage management on soil nitrogen SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 131 EP 134 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00034 ER PT B AU Pionke, HB Gburek, WJ Sharpley, AN Schnabel, RR AF Pionke, HB Gburek, WJ Sharpley, AN Schnabel, RR GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Flow and nutrient export patterns for an agricultural hill-land watershed SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,ARS,PASTURE SYST & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RES LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 167 EP 170 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00043 ER PT B AU Porter, LK AF Porter, LK GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Irrigated corn N-15 uptake, and NO3 carryover and leaching SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00044 ER PT B AU Schepers, JS Francis, DD Power, JF AF Schepers, JS Francis, DD Power, JF GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Tissue analysis to improve nitrogen management practices SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 195 EP 198 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00050 ER PT B AU Shaffer, MJ Hall, MD Waskom, RM Boyd, JK AF Shaffer, MJ Hall, MD Waskom, RM Boyd, JK GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI BMP assessment and regional nitrate leaching hot-spot identification using NLEAP SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,GREAT PLAINS SYST RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 203 EP 206 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00052 ER PT B AU Sharkoff, JL Lober, RW AF Sharkoff, JL Lober, RW GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Nitrate leaching assessment in the San Luis Valley of Colorado SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SAN LUIS VALLEY WATER QUAL DEMONSTRAT PROJECT,MONTE VISTA,CO 81144. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 207 EP 210 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00053 ER PT B AU Sharpley, AN Smith, SJ Daniel, JA Jones, OR Stewart, BA AF Sharpley, AN Smith, SJ Daniel, JA Jones, OR Stewart, BA GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Wafer quality implications of Playa Lake containment of feedlot wastes SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL AGR WATER QUAL LAB,DURANT,OK 74702. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 211 EP 214 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00054 ER PT B AU Singh, G Yates, SR AF Singh, G Yates, SR GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Pesticide leaching under different irrigation systems SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT SOIL & ENVIRONM SCI,USDA,ARS,USSL,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 215 EP 218 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00055 ER PT B AU Szogi, AA Hunt, PG Humenik, FJ Rice, JM AF Szogi, AA Hunt, PG Humenik, FJ Rice, JM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Treatment of swine wastewater by constructed wetlands SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,FLORENCE,SC 29502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 227 EP 230 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00058 ER PT B AU Varvel, GE Klocke, NL Wilhelm, WW AF Varvel, GE Klocke, NL Wilhelm, WW GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Corn-soybean rotation effects on soil and plant N indices SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA,ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 235 EP 238 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00060 ER PT B AU Wilhelm, WW Johnson, BE Koopman, R Peterson, WR AF Wilhelm, WW Johnson, BE Koopman, R Peterson, WR GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Yield and N uptake of inbred corn with reduced N-fertilizer application SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA,ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 243 EP 246 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00062 ER PT B AU Willis, GH Fouss, JL Rogers, JS Carter, CE AF Willis, GH Fouss, JL Rogers, JS Carter, CE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Controlled wafer table depth and water quality SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL II: NUTRIENTS SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,ARS,SOIL & WATER RES UNIT,BATON ROUGE,LA 70894. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 247 EP 250 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61A UT WOS:A1995BE61A00063 ER PT B AU Allmaras, RR Wu, L Staricka, JA Copeland, SM AF Allmaras, RR Wu, L Staricka, JA Copeland, SM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Tillage and residue management: Potential impact on macroporosity and bypass flow SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00001 ER PT B AU Allmaras, RR Clay, SA Hughes, DF Kanwar, R Knighton, RE Lamb, JA Lowery, B Workman, SR AF Allmaras, RR Clay, SA Hughes, DF Kanwar, R Knighton, RE Lamb, JA Lowery, B Workman, SR GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Ridge-tillage systems and wafer qualify in MSEA studies SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 5 EP 7 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00002 ER PT B AU Ayars, JE AF Ayars, JE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Managing plant wafer uptake from shallow saline groundwater SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,WATER MANAGEMENT RES LAB,FRESNO,CA 93727. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 13 EP 16 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00004 ER PT B AU Blaine, MJ King, JS Rosen, CJ AF Blaine, MJ King, JS Rosen, CJ GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Anoka sand plain water qualify project: Best management practice demonstration results SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,NRCS,BECKER,MN 55308. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 29 EP 32 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00008 ER PT B AU Bosch, DD Truman, CC Mills, WC Sheridan, JM AF Bosch, DD Truman, CC Mills, WC Sheridan, JM GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Upland agricultural nonpoint source contributions to riparian forest buffers SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 33 EP 36 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00009 ER PT B AU Boyer, DG AF Boyer, DG GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Best management practices for a mature karst area SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,BECKLEY,WV 25801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 37 EP 40 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00010 ER PT B AU Buchleiter, GW Heermann, DF Duke, HR AF Buchleiter, GW Heermann, DF Duke, HR GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Automation of variable irrigation water and chemical applications SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,AERC,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 49 EP 52 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00013 ER PT B AU Dosskey, MG Schoeneberger, MM Bratton, GF Hoagland, KD Wells, G AF Dosskey, MG Schoeneberger, MM Bratton, GF Hoagland, KD Wells, G GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Working trees for agriculture - Riparian buffers for the Great Plains SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA FOREST SERV,RES PROJECT,AGROFORESTRY CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 81 EP 83 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00021 ER PT B AU Dowdy, RH Lamb, JA Albus, WL Clay, DE Lowery, B Delin, GN Anderson, JL AF Dowdy, RH Lamb, JA Albus, WL Clay, DE Lowery, B Delin, GN Anderson, JL GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Wafer quality under a ridge-tilled, corn soybean farming system SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 85 EP 88 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00022 ER PT B AU Farahani, HJ Ahuja, LR Buchleiter, GW Peterson, GA AF Farahani, HJ Ahuja, LR Buchleiter, GW Peterson, GA GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Mathematical modelling of irrigated and dryland corn production in eastern Colorado SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,GPSR,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 97 EP 100 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00025 ER PT B AU Fouss, JL Rogers, JS Willis, GH Southwick, LM Carter, CE AF Fouss, JL Rogers, JS Willis, GH Southwick, LM Carter, CE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Automated water table control data acquisition for water quality research SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SOIL & WATER RES UNIT,BATON ROUGE,LA 70894. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 101 EP 104 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00026 ER PT B AU Gish, TJ Shirmohammadi, A Wienhold, BJ Vyravipillai, R AF Gish, TJ Shirmohammadi, A Wienhold, BJ Vyravipillai, R GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Chemical transport below the root zone as influenced by tillage practice SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 109 EP 112 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00028 ER PT B AU Hatfield, JL Jaynes, DB Baker, JL Burkart, MR Buchmiller, BC Soenksen, PJ AF Hatfield, JL Jaynes, DB Baker, JL Burkart, MR Buchmiller, BC Soenksen, PJ GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Walnut Creek watershed: Linking farming practices to environmental qualify SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 125 EP 128 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00032 ER PT B AU Henry, ST AF Henry, ST GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Composting dead swine in South Carolina SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA,NAT RESOURCES CONSERVAT SERV,COLUMBIA,SC 29201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00033 ER PT B AU Howell, TA Jones, OR Reddell, DL Schneider, AD AF Howell, TA Jones, OR Reddell, DL Schneider, AD GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Influence of irrigation method tillage, and crop residues on infiltration and interrill erosion on a Pullman soil SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,BUSHLAND,TX 79012. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00034 ER PT B AU Hughes, DF Kitchen, NR Donald, WW Alberts, EE AF Hughes, DF Kitchen, NR Donald, WW Alberts, EE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Root-zone water quality and grain production at the Missouri MSEA SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00035 ER PT B AU Hunt, PG Humenik, FJ Cook, MG AF Hunt, PG Humenik, FJ Cook, MG GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Nitrogen and phosphorus in North Carolina coastal plain streams SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,FLORENCE,SC 29502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 145 EP 148 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00037 ER PT B AU Jaynes, DB AF Jaynes, DB GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Electromagnetic induction as a mapping aid for precision farming SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 153 EP 156 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00039 ER PT B AU Lerch, RN Blanchard, PE AF Lerch, RN Blanchard, PE GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Regional-scale factors affecting herbicide contamination of northern Missouri streams SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 175 EP 178 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00045 ER PT B AU Lowrance, R Hubbard, RK Vellidis, G AF Lowrance, R Hubbard, RK Vellidis, G GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Riparian forest restoration to control agricultural water pollution SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 179 EP 182 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00046 ER PT B AU Mitchell, MD Gassner, G Vogelbein, WK Line, MJ AF Mitchell, MD Gassner, G Vogelbein, WK Line, MJ GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI MR imaging of sentinel species for functional measurement of water quality SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 199 EP 202 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00051 ER PT B AU Reicosky, DC Lamb, JA Dowdy, RH AF Reicosky, DC Lamb, JA Dowdy, RH GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Impact of crop wafer use on groundwater quality SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,N CENT SOIL CONSERVAT RES LAB,MORRIS,MN 56267. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 211 EP 214 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00054 ER PT B AU Schnabel, RR Cornish, LF Stout, WL AF Schnabel, RR Cornish, LF Stout, WL GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Denitrification rates at four riparian ecosystems in the Valley and Ridge physiographic province, Pennsylvania SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,PASTURE SYST & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RES UNIT,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 231 EP 234 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00059 ER PT B AU Sharpley, A Smith, SJ Daniel, JA AF Sharpley, A Smith, SJ Daniel, JA GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Prevention of ground and surface water contamination by new agricultural management systems SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,NATL AGR WATER QUAL LAB,DURANT,OK 74702. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 243 EP 246 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00062 ER PT B AU Stone, KC Novak, JM Jennings, GD McLaughlin, RA Hunt, PG AF Stone, KC Novak, JM Jennings, GD McLaughlin, RA Hunt, PG GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Groundwater quality in an eastern coastal plain watershed SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,FLORENCE,SC 29502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 263 EP 266 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00067 ER PT B AU Yakowitz, DS Stone, JJ Lane, LJ Heilman, P Imam, B Hernandez, M Masterson, J Abolt, J AF Yakowitz, DS Stone, JJ Lane, LJ Heilman, P Imam, B Hernandez, M Masterson, J Abolt, J GP AMER SOC AGR ENGINEERS TI Evaluating farming systems in Iowa with a decision support system for water quality SO CLEAN WATER - CLEAN ENVIRONMENT - 21ST CENTURY, TEAM AGRICULTURE - WORKING TO PROTECT WATER RESOURCES, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOL III: PRACTICES, SYSTEMS & ADOPTION SE ASAE PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Clean Water, Clean Environment, 21st-Century - Team Agriculture, Working to Protect Water Resources CY MAR 05-08, 1995 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers C1 USDA ARS,SW WATERSHED RES CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85719. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 BN 0-929355-60-1 J9 ASAE PUBL PY 1995 VL 95 IS 2 BP 311 EP 314 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BE61B UT WOS:A1995BE61B00079 ER PT B AU Allen, LH Baker, JT Albrecht, SL Boote, KJ Pan, D Vu, JCV AF Allen, LH Baker, JT Albrecht, SL Boote, KJ Pan, D Vu, JCV BE Peng, S Ingram, KT Neue, HU Ziska, LH TI Carbon dioxide and temperature effects on rice SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND RICE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Climate Change and Rice CY MAR 14-18, 1994 CL INT RICE RES INST, LOS BANOS, PHILIPPINES SP Int Rice Res Inst, US EPA HO INT RICE RES INST C1 UNIV FLORIDA,USDA ARS,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY BN 3-540-58906-6 PY 1995 BP 258 EP 277 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BG53L UT WOS:A1995BG53L00025 ER PT J AU Brugger, KE AF Brugger, KE TI Double-crested Cormorants and fisheries in Florida SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; bird damage; Double-crested Cormorant; fisheries; fish predation; Florida; Phalacrocorax auritus; population AB Wintering and breeding populations of Double-Crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in Florida underwent declines in the middle of the 20th century, rebounding in the 198Os. Overall, little conflict occurs between cormorants and the food-fish and game-fish industries in Florida waters. Specific conflicts exist when wintering cormorants feed. at inland hatcheries, grow-out ponds, and ornamental-fish ponds, where high-value tropical and pet fish crops may be completely lost to fish-eating birds. These ponds are small in acreage, such that exclusion (netting), scare devices (dogs), or a change in cultural practices (segregating fish by size classes) may be appropriate methods to reduce fish losses to piscivorous birds. C1 USDA,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,FLORIDA FIELD STN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32601. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.2307/1521530 PG 8 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000012 ER PT J AU Avery, ML Pavelka, MA Bergman, DL Decker, DG Knittle, CE Linz, GM AF Avery, ML Pavelka, MA Bergman, DL Decker, DG Knittle, CE Linz, GM TI Aversive conditioning to reduce raven predation on California least tern eggs SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE aversive conditioning; California Least Tern; common raven; Corvus corax; nonlethal control; predation; Sterna antillarum browni AB We examined the potential of using conditioned aversion to reduce predation by Common Ravens (Corvus corax) on eggs of the endangered California Least Tern (Sterna antillarum browni). In 1991, we placed Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs injected with 30 mg (active ingredient) methiocarb near eight raven nest sites at the U.S. Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton, CA. All raven pairs learned to avoid the treated eggs within 4-5 days, and at seven sites egg removal was minimal throughout the 4-5 week trial period. Later, we established a simulated Least Tern colony on the beach, and a pair of ravens that had previously learned to avoid quail eggs placed near their nests dominated access to the site, actively excluded neighboring ravens, and resumed taking quail eggs. This response indicated that the previously acquired aversion was site-related and not transferrable to eggs encountered in a different location. From 15 April to 4 June 1992, we placed quail eggs injected with 30 mg methiocarb at three California Least Tern colonies at Camp Pendleton. Methiocarb-treated eggs were taken by ravens at each locatio, but no tern eggs were lost to ravens. Ravens that nested near the Least Tern colonies actively defended their territories against intruding ravens thereby excluding them from the tern colonies as well. In contrast to 1989-1991, when up to 10 ravens had been removed yearly for predator control, none was killed in 1992. We conclude that proper deployment of eggs treated with methiocarb or a similar aversive agent can be a useful, nonlethal means of reducing raven predation at Least Tern colonies. RP Avery, ML (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,FLORIDA FIELD STN,2820 E UNIV AVE,GAINESVILLE,FL 32641, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 10 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 IS 2 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.2307/1521474 PG 8 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TN588 UT WOS:A1995TN58800001 ER PT J AU Glahn, JF Stickley, AR AF Glahn, JF Stickley, AR TI Wintering Double-crested Cormorants in the Delta region of Mississippi: Population levels and their impact on the catfish industry SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE catfish predation; Double-crested Cormorant; populations; Ictalurus punctatus; Mississippi; Phalacrocorax auritus AB Historically, Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) populations wintering in the Delta region of Mississippi were low and probably restricted to an area along the Mississippi River. Coinciding with the tremendous growth of the Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) industry in this area, wintering populations have increased rapidly and may have expanded their wintering range to include areas of highest catfish density. More than half (57%) of the catfish growers in the region perceive cormorants to be a problem at their farms and many are dissatisfied with ''fright'' strategies they have used to reduce fish losses. Recent objective data appear to substantiate these complaints and to project cormorant losses to the catfish industry at $2 million annually. These same data also document temporal and spatial patterns of predation and suggest possible farm management practices that might help mitigate losses. Because the current distribution of cormorant winter roost-sites appears to be associated with significant catfish predation, dispersal of cormorants from these sites is also suggested as a possible means of alleviating losses. RP Glahn, JF (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,MISSISSIPPI RES STN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 19 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 7 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.2307/1521533 PG 6 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000015 ER PT J AU King, DT Glahn, JF Andrews, KJ AF King, DT Glahn, JF Andrews, KJ TI Daily activity budgets and movements of winter roosting Double-crested Cormorants determined by biotelemetry in the Delta region of Mississippi SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE activity budgets; biotelemetry; Double-crested Cormorant; Mississippi Delta; movements; Phalacrocorax auritus; winter roosting AB During the winters of 1990-91 and 1991-92, 59 Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were captured and fitted with radio telemetry transmitters in the Delta region of Mississippi. The cormorants were monitored to determine the distances between night roosting sites and foraging locations, and the amount of time spent foraging versus other activities, such as diving, leafing, and day roosting. Double-crested Cormorants flew an average of 15.7 km from their night roost to a foraging location during the winters of 1990-91 and 1991-92. During the winters of 1990-91 and 1991-92 foraging averaged 17.7% of cormorant daily activity. RP King, DT (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,MISSISSIPPI RES STN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 7 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.2307/1521535 PG 6 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000017 ER PT J AU Glahn, JF Dixson, PJ Littauer, GA McCoy, RB AF Glahn, JF Dixson, PJ Littauer, GA McCoy, RB TI Food habits of Double-crested Cormorants wintering in the Delta region of Mississippi SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE catfish predation; channel catfish; diet; Dorosoma cepedianum; Double-crested Cormorant; Gizzard Shad; Ictalurus punctatus; Mississippi; Phalacrocorax auritus AB The diet of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) wintering in the Delta region of Mississippi was studied from collections of 202 birds taken at catfish farms during the winters of 1987-88 through 1989-90, and fi om collections of 461 birds at night roost sites during the winters of 1989-90 and 1990-91. Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) were the only two important prey species, comprising >90% of the diet from all samples. However, the proportion of these two prey species in the diet varied dramatically (P<0.05) among months and geographic locations of collections, as well as between sexes of birds collected. Overall, the diet was approximately equal between catfish and shad, but catfish was most often consumed by males during the spring months in the areas of highest catfish concentration. The size range of catfish preyed upon appeared to parallel the size class of fish used for stocking commercial ponds in the spring. Based on these analyses, we recommend strategies for reducing cormorant predation on commercial catfish. RP Glahn, JF (reprint author), USDA,POB 316,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39766, USA. NR 20 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 7 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 158 EP 167 DI 10.2307/1521536 PG 10 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000018 ER PT J AU Glahn, JF Brugger, KE AF Glahn, JF Brugger, KE TI The impact of double-crested Cormorants on the Mississippi Delta catfish industry: A bioenergetics model SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; bioenergetics; catfish; channel catftsh; Double-crested Cormorant; foraging; Ictalurus punctatus; Mississippi; Phalacrocorax auritus; predation ID ENERGETICS AB A bioenergetics model was constructed and evaluated for estimating Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) energy expenditures, food demand and impact on the Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) industry in the Delta region of Mississippi. Large body mass (mean = 2.27 kg) and higher basal metabolism (115% to 128% of predicted) resulted in an average predicted food demand of 504 g/bird/day (range: 449 to 551) from November to March or 22% of body mass. Factoring in population sizes and proportional intake of catfish, Double-crested Cormorants may have eaten up to 20 million catfish per winter in 1989-90 and 1990-91 or approximately 4% of the estimated standing crop at a replacement cost of $2 million (US$) annually. More than 50% of catfish losses were projected to occur in February and March; negligible losses occurred in November. RP Glahn, JF (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,MISSISSIPPI RES STN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 31 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 5 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 168 EP 175 DI 10.2307/1521537 PG 8 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000019 ER PT J AU Mott, DF Boyd, FL AF Mott, DF Boyd, FL TI A review of techniques for preventing cormorant depredations at aquaculture facilities in the southeastern United States SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE catfish; control methods; damage management; Double-crested Cormorant; harassment; Mississippi; Phalacrocorax auritus; predation; roosting ID FISH; FARM AB Control strategies to reduce predation by wintering Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) include use of frightening devices to harass the birds at the damage site and overhead wire barrier systems to exclude them. Pyrotechnics, human effigies, gas cannons, and live ammunition have been used with varying degrees of success in frightening cormorants. Important points when using frightening strategies include the timing of their application and the choice of devices employed. An aggressive and integrated frightening program is essential. Dispersing cormorants from their nighttime roosts has been shown to be effective in reducing cormorant numbers in the foraging area of the roost. Other potential control strategies include the use of buffer prey populations and modifications in facility design and management. RP Mott, DF (reprint author), USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,MISSISSIPPI RES STN,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 176 EP 180 DI 10.2307/1521538 PG 5 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000020 ER PT J AU King, DT LeBlanc, D AF King, DT LeBlanc, D TI Foraging behaviors of snowy Egrets (Egretta thula) and Yellow-crowned Night-herons (Nyctanassa violacea) in South Louisiana SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE commercial crawfish pond; crawfish; Egretta thula; foraging; Nyctanassa violacea; Procambarus spp; South Louisiana; Snowy Egret; Yellow-crowned Night-Heron AB We report two previously undescribed foraging techniques used by Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula) and Yellow-crowned Night-Herons (Nyctanassa violacea) to catch crawfish (Procambarus spp.). Snowy Egrets were selecting crawfish that had recently molted their shells and Yellow-crowned Night-Herons were targeting crawfish that were emerging from their burrows. These observations were conducted on commercial crawfish ponds near Catahoula, LA, USA. RP King, DT (reprint author), USDA,APHIS,ANIM DAMAGE CONTROL,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,MISSISSIPPI RES STN,PO DRAWER 6099,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 IS 2 BP 224 EP 225 DI 10.2307/1521486 PG 2 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TN588 UT WOS:A1995TN58800013 ER PT J AU Accord, BR AF Accord, BR TI Cormorant management and responsibilities: United States Department of Agriculture SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE animal control; aquaculture; catfish; catfish farming; Double-crested Cormorant; Ictalurus punctatus; management; Mississippi; permits; Phalacrocorax auritus; policy regulations AB Responsibilities for the management of damage by Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and other fish-eating birds to fish farmers are shared by two federal agencies (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Department of Agriculture - Animal Damage Control), state authorities, and individual aquaculture producers. Although the principal aim of the Animal Damage Control program is for managing migratory bird conflicts and damage problems, the program is reflective of contemporary values and attempts to address both prevention and correction of wildlife damage problems. Irs services are aimed to provide acceptable balances between human interests and wildlife needs. However, the management problem associated with cormorants and growing aquaculture developments is complex, and solutions are possible only through an integrated study approach by all concerned parties. RP Accord, BR (reprint author), USDA,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,1400 INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,POB 96464,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1995 VL 18 SI 1 BP 231 EP 233 PG 3 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA TM970 UT WOS:A1995TM97000025 ER PT J AU ADLER, PR AF ADLER, PR TI RAPID PERCHLORIC-ACID DIGESTION METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHORUS AND SULFUR IN AQUACULTURAL WASTE-WATER AND BIOSOLIDS BY ION CHROMATOGRAPHY SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID PLANT AB Ion chromatography (IC) is one of the most efficient analytical techniques available for the determination of ions in solution. However, there is a need for an equally efficient organic matter destruction procedure which does not lengthen run times due to matrix effects. Rainbow trout manure (RTM) was digested with 1.0 mL each of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HClO4) and subsequently cleared with 1.0 mL hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for a total digestion time of 30 min. Rainbow trout effluent (RTE) was lyophilized and then digested with 50 mu L of HClO4 and 100 mu L H2O2 for 15 min. Phosphate (PO4) and sulfate (SO4) were separated and quantified with a Dionex IonPac-AG4A guard column in less than 10 min. Digestion of RTM gave complete recovery of phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S); digestion of RTE gave complete recovery of P and 86% recovery of S. By combining the rapid IC method with the HClO4 digestion procedure developed in this paper, ion chromatography can rapidly quantitate P and S in rainbow trout effluent and manure. RP ADLER, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS,45 WILTSHIRE RD,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1080/00103629509369282 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QE412 UT WOS:A1995QE41200007 ER PT J AU SIMS, GK ELLSWORTH, TR MULVANEY, RL AF SIMS, GK ELLSWORTH, TR MULVANEY, RL TI MICROSCALE DETERMINATION OF INORGANIC NITROGEN IN WATER AND SOIL EXTRACTS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SALICYLATE; AMMONIUM AB Rapid, sensitive analysis of NH4- NO3-, and NO2- in 1-150 mu L of soil extract or water was achieved using a modified indophenol blue technique adapted to microtiter plate format. The microplate technique was similar to conventional steam distillation in accuracy and precision. By varying aliquot volume, a wide linear dynamic range (0.05 to 1000 mg of NH4+- or NO3--NL(-1)) was achieved without the need for sample dilution or concentration. High sample throughput (250-500 NH4+ analyses d(-1)) was accomplished manually, but could be significantly increased by automation. Of considerable importance was the very low waste stream produced by the method. All equipment and supplies required are commercially available and need no modifications far this use. The microtiter plate format could be used for other soil calorimetric analyses with little or no down time for equipment setup, a major consideration for commercial soil-testing laboratories. The method and equipment used ate well suited to quality control and quality assurance programs, as required under FIFRA Good Laboratory Practices. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AGRON,URBANA,IL 61801. RP SIMS, GK (reprint author), USDA ARS,1102 S GOODWIN AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Sims, Gerald/A-2500-2008 NR 7 TC 259 Z9 267 U1 2 U2 54 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 303 EP 316 DI 10.1080/00103629509369298 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QE412 UT WOS:A1995QE41200023 ER PT J AU DOWDY, RH NATER, EA DOLAN, MS AF DOWDY, RH NATER, EA DOLAN, MS TI QUANTIFICATION OF THE LENGTH AND DIAMETER OF ROOT SEGMENTS WITH PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID IMAGE-ANALYSIS; NITROGEN; GROWTH AB Roots control the uptake of water and nutrients by plants, and hence their dry matter production. One of the greatest constraints to our understanding of root dynamics has been the laborious tedium associated with accurate measurements of various root parameters. A technique is presented for the fast and accurate measurement of the length and diameter of all fragments of coin (Zea mays L.) roots contained in most 0.04 by 0.15 m soil cores by analyzing a single NIH-Image of those roots. These parameters are determined by measuring the perimeter and area of each root fragment utilizing NIH-Image analyses contained in a public domain software (NIH-Image). When length and diameter are coupled with nutrient uptake data, we will have a better understanding of where plants extract nutrients and water in space and time. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT SOIL SCI,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP DOWDY, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOIL & WATER MANAGEMENT RES UNIT,ST PAUL,MN 55108, USA. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 3-4 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.1080/00103629509369311 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QG628 UT WOS:A1995QG62800012 ER PT J AU SCHNABEL, RR AF SCHNABEL, RR TI NITRATE AND PHOSPHATE RECOVERY FROM ANION-EXCHANGE RESINS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; SOIL; PHOSPHORUS; EXTRACTION AB The recovery of nitrate and phosphate from two anion exchange resins was determined. A general purpose and nitrate-selective resin were extracted with potassium chloride (KCl), acidified ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). The recovery of both nitrate and phosphate were significantly affected by the choice of resin and extractant. The combination of Na2SO4 extractant and nitrate-selective resin resulted in less than half as much nitrate recovery as any other combination of resin and extractant. Consequently, if it is important to recover nitrate from the resins, Na2SO4 should not be used. Greater quantities of phosphate were recovered from the nitrate selective resin with all extractants. However, phosphate recovery was not significantly affected by choice of extractant. More rigorous extraction was required for the nitrate-selective resin to achieve a level of nitrate recovery comparable to the general purpose resin. The nitrate selectivity also resulted in less phosphate being adsorbed from solutions high in nitrate. Finally, new batches of resin should be tested because differences between them can be significant. RP SCHNABEL, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS,PASTURE SYST & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RES UNIT,117 RES OFF BLDG,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 3-4 BP 531 EP 540 DI 10.1080/00103629509369316 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QG628 UT WOS:A1995QG62800017 ER PT J AU RASMUSSEN, PE AF RASMUSSEN, PE TI EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER AND STUBBLE BURNING ON DOWNY BROME COMPETITION IN WINTER-WHEAT SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID TECTORUM; INTERFERENCE; NITROGEN; GROWTH AB Increased downy brome (Bromus tectorum) infestation is one of the dominant impediments to adoption of conservation tillage. Surface residues often increase grassy weed competition and lower the yield of cereal crops. Crop residue and fertilizer placement effects on downy brome growth and nutrient uptake in relation to that of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were conducted in two separate years; one involving conventional (plow) tillage and the other no-till. Crop residue (burning versus no burning) and fertilizer placement (broadcasting versus subsurface banding) differentials were present both years. The conventional-till study also included nitrogen (N) rates from 0 to 168 kg/ha and an N only versus nitrogen+phosphorus+sulfur (N+P+S) comparison. Burning increased early-spring wheat growth substantially, with only limited effect on downy brome population or growth. Broadcasting of fertilizer increased downy brome density and growth compared to banding. Wheat, in contrast, had greater growth and higher N uptake from banded fertilizer. Increasing N increased both seedling survival and culm production of downy brome. Addition of N+P+S increased both wheat and downy brome growth more than N applied alone, but wheat appeared more responsive. Wheat yield tended to be less with higher downy brome infestation. RP RASMUSSEN, PE (reprint author), USDA ARS,COLUMBIA PLATEAU CONSERVAT RES CTR,POB 370,PENDLETON,OR 97801, USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 7-8 BP 951 EP 960 DI 10.1080/00103629509369347 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QT944 UT WOS:A1995QT94400002 ER PT J AU DELGADO, JA AMACHER, MC AF DELGADO, JA AMACHER, MC TI MODELING THE UPTAKE OF SULFUR BY CROPS OF 2 ALLUVIAL SOILS OF LOUISIANA - SOYBEANS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM UPTAKE; ROOT MORPHOLOGY; PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE; KINETICS; PLANTS; CORN AB The Cushman and Barber mechanistic model(3) was used to help elucidate the mechanisms that govern the uptake of sulfur (S) by plants. Sulfur uptake predicted by the model was compared to measured S uptake by 'Centenial' soybean (Glycine max [L] Merr.) grown on Gallion very fine sandy loam (Typic Hapludalf) and Mhoon silty clay loam ( Typic Fluvaquent) under glasshouse conditions. Predicted S uptake was significantly correlated with observed uptake r(2)=0.92. However, the model overpredicted S uptake by a factor of 14. Better agreement between observed and predicted S uptake values could be achieved by decreasing the maximum influx rate (I-max) obtained from solution culture experiments, which may not be valid for soil studies. The assumption made by the model that I-max for roots growing in soils is the same for all root surfaces and does not change regardless of plant age may not be appropriate. If the current model and assumptions are otherwise valid, an I-max appropriate for soils was fit directly to the uptake data or estimated by the method of Warncke and Barber. In this case predicted vs observed S uptake had a slope of 1.01 and r(2)=0.80. RP DELGADO, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOIL PLANT NUTR RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80522, USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 9-10 BP 1491 EP 1505 DI 10.1080/00103629509369386 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA QX935 UT WOS:A1995QX93500012 ER PT J AU DELGADO, JA AMACHER, MC AF DELGADO, JA AMACHER, MC TI MODELING THE UPTAKE OF SULFUR BY CROPS ON 2 ALLUVIAL SOILS OF LOUISIANA - COTTON SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM UPTAKE; ROOT MORPHOLOGY; PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE; SOYBEANS; KINETICS; CORN AB The Cushman and Barber mechanistic model was used to help elucidate the mechanisms that govern the uptake of sulfur (S) by plants. Sulfur uptake predicted by the model was compared to measured S uptake by cotton, (Gossypium hirsutum [L]) grown on Mhoon silty clay loam (Typic Fluvaquent) arid a Norwood silt loam (Typic Udifluvent) under glasshouse conditions. Predicted S uptake was significantly correlated with observed uptake r(2)=0.71. However, the model overpredicted S uptake by a factor of 3.5. The assumption that the maximun ion Influx rate (I-max for roots growing in soils is the same as the I-max measured in solution cultures experiments may not be appropriate. Better agreement between observed and predicted S uptake values was achieved by using an estimated I-max obtained from soil studies (I-a) with the method of Warncke and Barber. Using I, predicted vs observed S uptake had a slope of 1.00 and r(2)=0.93. The model predicted that S concentration in soil solution (C-1o at the root surface (r,) increased with time for soils with initial S concentration in solution of ImM or higher. This high C,will trigger a higher I-s of about 4 nmol/m(2)sec, while plants grown on soils with low S content will show a lower I-3, suggesting that S uptake by cotton plants is biphasic acid depends on C-1o at r(o). RP DELGADO, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOIL PLANT NUTRIENT RES UNIT,FT COLLINS,CO 80522, USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 11-12 BP 1921 EP 1934 DI 10.1080/00103629509369418 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RD641 UT WOS:A1995RD64100019 ER PT J AU INDIATI, R SHARPLEY, AN AF INDIATI, R SHARPLEY, AN TI SOIL PHOSPHATE SORPTION AND SIMULATED RUNOFF PARAMETERS AS AFFECTED BY FERTILIZER ADDITION AND SOIL PROPERTIES SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORUS; DESORPTION; INDEX; PAPER AB Changes in soil phosphate (P) sorption properties, soil P availability and two runoff-related parameters, were determined on 32 Italian soils, following application of 100 mg P/kg soil. The ability of soil chemical and physical characteristics, in predicting the relative changes in soil P availability was investigated. Phosphorus Sorption Index (SI) gave the best estimate (r>0.76; P<0.001) of the potential for change in the studied P soil properties. Inclusion of SI into the fertilizer recomniendation process using soil P availability, may improve fertilizer-use efficiency and reduce the potential for P loss in runoff C1 USDA ARS,DURANT,OK 74702. RP INDIATI, R (reprint author), IST SPERIMENTALE NUTR PIANTE,VIA NAVICELLA 2,I-00184 ROME,ITALY. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 15-16 BP 2319 EP 2331 DI 10.1080/00103629509369450 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RQ530 UT WOS:A1995RQ53000001 ER PT J AU WANDER, MM MCCRACKEN, DV SHUMAN, LM JOHNSON, JW BOX, JE AF WANDER, MM MCCRACKEN, DV SHUMAN, LM JOHNSON, JW BOX, JE TI ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES USED TO ASSESS MANAGEMENT IMPACTS ON SOIL NITRATE SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID AVAILABILITY AB Our goal was to determine if anion-exchange membranes (AEMs), which can be placed in situ in soils and act as anion exchangers, were better soil nitrate (NO3-) assessment tools than soil extraction. During winter 1993-1994 we compared NO3- in the surface of tilled and non-tilled soils that were subjected to rye cover crop and fallow winter coverage treatments. Estimates of soil solution concentrations of NO3- based on KCl extracts of the AEMs were between 1 to 5 fold higher than concentrations based on soil extracts. Both methods of NO3- assessment documented a general decline in NO3- availability during the winter; however, only the AEM NO3- data produced statistically significant results. AEM data suggested that the combination of fall tillage and winter fallowing increased soil NO3- contents and led to more potential for loss of NO3- during the 1993-1994 winter than reduced tillage practices or planting a rye cover crop. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,GEORGIA EXPT STN,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,GRIFFIN,GA 30223. USDA ARS,SO PIEDMONT CONSERVAT RES CTR,WATKINSVILLE,GA 30677. RP WANDER, MM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AGRON,1102 S GOODWIN AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 15-16 BP 2383 EP 2390 DI 10.1080/00103629509369455 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RQ530 UT WOS:A1995RQ53000006 ER PT J AU SLOAN, JJ ANDERSON, WB AF SLOAN, JJ ANDERSON, WB TI CALCIUM-CHLORIDE AND AMMONIUM THIOSULFATE AS AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION INHIBITORS FOR UREA FERTILIZERS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-APPLIED UREA; CATION-EXCHANGE CAPACITY; CALCAREOUS SOILS; SOLUBLE CALCIUM; GENERAL-THEORY; HYDROLYSIS; MIXTURES; LOSSES AB Surface-applied urea fertilizers are susceptible to hydrolysis and loss of nitrogen (N) through ammonium (NH3) volatilization when conditions favorable for these processes exist. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) may inhibit urease activity and reduce NH3 volatilization when mixed with urea fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CaCl2 and ATS as urea-N loss inhibitors for contrasting soil types and varying environmental conditions. The proposed inhibitors were evaluated in the laboratory using a closed, dynamic air flow system to directly measure NH3 volatilization. The initial effects of CaCl2 on ammonia volatilization were more accentuated on an acid Lufkin fine sandy loam than a calcareous Ships clay, but during volatilization periods of greater than or equal to 192 h, cumulative N loss was reduced more on the Ships soil than the Lufkin soil. Calcium chloride delayed the commencement of NH3 volatilization following fertilizer application and reduced the maximum N loss rate. Ammonium thiosulfate was more effective on the Lufkin soil than the Ships soil. For the Lufkin soil, ATS reduced cumulative urea-N loss by 11% after a volatilization period of 192 h. A 20% (v/v) addition of ATS to urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) was most effective on the coarse textured Lufkin soil whereas a 5% addition was more effective on the fine textured, Ships soil. Rapid soil drying following fertilizer application substantially reduced NH3 volatilization from both soils and also increased the effectiveness of CaCl2 but not ATS. Calcium chloride and ATS may function as limited NH3 volatilization inhibitors, but their effectiveness is dependent on soil properties and environmental conditions. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,DEPT SOIL SCI,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP SLOAN, JJ (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLL STN,DEPT SOIL & CROP SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 15-16 BP 2425 EP 2447 DI 10.1080/00103629509369458 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RQ530 UT WOS:A1995RQ53000009 ER PT J AU GREENAN, NS MULVANEY, RL SIMS, GK AF GREENAN, NS MULVANEY, RL SIMS, GK TI A MICROSCALE METHOD FOR COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF UREA IN SOIL EXTRACTS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article AB The diacetyl monoxime colorimetric method of determining urea in soil extracts was modified for microplate format. A 100-mu L aliquot of extract was treated with color reagent in a disposable plastic microtiter plate (96 wells/plate), and color was developed by heating the plate ia a low-temperature oven at 87 degrees C for 55 min. After cooling for 20 min at ambient temperature, absorbance measurements were simultaneously performed on all 96 wells using a microplate reader. The microscale method was faster and more convenient than the conventional method; moreover, the volume of waste was markedly reduced. Studies to compare the two methods showed very little difference in accuracy, precision, or sensitivity. C1 USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP GREENAN, NS (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AGRON,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Sims, Gerald/A-2500-2008 NR 10 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 20 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 15-16 BP 2519 EP 2529 DI 10.1080/00103629509369465 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RQ530 UT WOS:A1995RQ53000016 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, AR ELLSWORTH, TR MEEK, BD AF MITCHELL, AR ELLSWORTH, TR MEEK, BD TI EFFECT OF ROOT SYSTEMS ON PREFERENTIAL FLOW IN SWELLING SOIL SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; CRACKED SOIL; INFILTRATION; IRRIGATION; ALFALFA; WATER AB Permeability problems on irrigated soils may be alleviated by root systems that increase water flow by creating macropores. Infiltration rates have been shown to increase where plant roots decay and serve as preferential flow paths. For low-organic-matter swelling soil, there is a question whether macropores are able to resist the lateral swelling forces of the soil. The objective of this study was to observe preferential water flow paths in a swelling soil under two cropping systems. A Holtville silty clay (clayey-over-loamy, montmorillonitic Typic Torrifluvent) was observed in situ. Two crops, alfalfa (Medicago sativa, L.) and wheat (Triticum turgidum, L.) provided sharply contrasting root systems, with wheat possessing fine, fibrous roots; alfalfa on the other hand, has a taproot system. Macropores were observed after applying soil-adsorbing methylene blue dye to irrigation water. Shrinkage cracks failed to conduct dye after 10 minutes into a flood irrigation. Earthworm (Lubricus terrestris) channels were also not stable. However, decaying roots of alfalfa produced stable macropores, while wheat produced no such macropores. The influence of alfalfa-root-induced macropores was demonstrated by the increase in final infiltration rate during alfalfa cropping which agreed with Meek et al.'s (1989, 1990) findings on sandy loam soils. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. USDA ARS,KIMBERLY,ID 83341. RP MITCHELL, AR (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,CENT OREGON AGR RES CTR,MADRAS,OR 97741, USA. NR 20 TC 49 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 25 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 15-16 BP 2655 EP 2666 DI 10.1080/00103629509369475 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA RQ530 UT WOS:A1995RQ53000026 ER PT J AU STOUT, WL AF STOUT, WL TI EVALUATING THE ADDED NITROGEN INTERACTION EFFECT IN FORAGE GRASSES SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; TALL FESCUE; FERTILIZER NITROGEN; SOIL; SWITCHGRASS AB In northeastern United States, intensive grazing systems utilizing cool-season grasses are being increasingly adopted by dairy farmers as a way of reducing operating costs. Since nitrogen (N) fertilization is a major factor in cool-season grass production in northeastern United States, the accurate determination of N-use efficiency is necessary in determining N fluxes in intensive grazing systems. When using isotopic N, the added N interaction (ANI) or 'priming' effect can greatly affect the calculation of N-use efficiency of crops and forages. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the magnitude of ANI as it relates to determination of N-use efficiency of forage grasses in northeastern United States. Data from experiments on the effects of soils, environment, and N fertilization on the yield and N-use efficiency of various forage grasses was used in this study. In these experiments multiple rates of isotopic ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate were applied to cool- and warm-season grasses. Nitrogen-use efficiency was calculated using the isotopic and difference methods, and ANI was determined as the difference in N uptake as determined by these two methods. In experiments in which the N source was ammonium sulfate, ANI averaged 24.2 and 38.5% of the applied N on cool- and warm-season grasses, respectively. The ANI averaged 7.4% of the applied N on cool-season grass where the N source was ammonium nitrate. The ANI was always greater in the spring growth of cool-season grasses than it was in the fall growth. However, the seasonal difference was greater in the case where the N source was ammonium sulfate than it was where the N source was ammonium nitrate. RP STOUT, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 17-18 BP 2829 EP 2841 DI 10.1080/00103629509369491 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA TF136 UT WOS:A1995TF13600010 ER PT J AU BELESKY, DP TURNER, KE FEDDERS, JM AF BELESKY, DP TURNER, KE FEDDERS, JM TI NITROGEN AND MINERAL-COMPOSITION OF AUTUMN-GRAZED PASTURE SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID TALL FESCUE; FERTILIZATION; FORAGE; SEASON; YIELD AB Grazing management in autumn can influence the botanical composition and productivity of a sward. Cycling of nutrients as a result of grazing livestock activity and variable canopy growth rates may influence mineral nutrient supply and demand in a dynamic canopy. An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of autumn grazing practices on the growth and composition, including minerals in terms of ruminant requirements, of a grass/legume sward. Paddocks were established and three replicates grazed by growing lambs for 30-, 60-, or 90-d intervals beginning in late summer. Herbage samples were collected at the beginning of the grazing interval and at the end of each interval (closing date). Herbage mass, and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sulfur (S), as well as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were examined in terms of the influence of sampling date, closing date, year, and the interaction of these factors from stockpiled and grazed canopies. Soil mineral composition was determined as well. Concentrations of all minerals declined with increasing soil depth and P, Na, Mg, and Ca increased in soil over the course of the experiment. Soil N concentration was reflected in the pattern of herbage growth in autumn. In general, closing date had no influence on herbage mineral composition and concentrations were within the recommended levels for a range of livestock. Phosphorus was the exception and concentrations in herbage were low in terms of requirements for high producing livestock such as lactating dairy cattle. Uptake or mineral reallocation within the plant remained constant during the autumn growth interval, since mineral yields were stable as growth rates declined in 1991 and increased when growth rates were stable in 1992. Mineral related nutritional problems in grazed mixed-species pasture, would most likely be a function of mineral bioavailability or interactions, rather than low concentrations in the herbage. RP BELESKY, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS,APPALACHIAN SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES LAB,BECKLEY,WV 25802, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 17-18 BP 2941 EP 2959 DI 10.1080/00103629509369499 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA TF136 UT WOS:A1995TF13600018 ER PT J AU Sadler, EJ Karlen, DL AF Sadler, EJ Karlen, DL TI Aerial dry matter and nutrient accumulation comparisons among five soybean experiments SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID COASTAL-PLAIN SOIL; SEASONAL-CHANGES AB Efficient and environmentally acceptable nutrient management requires an understanding of when and at what rates nutrients are accumulated by plants. For graminaceous species, a mathematical procedure involving compound cubic polynomials was previously demonstrated to be useful for evaluating growth and nutrient accumulation patterns. Our objective for this study was to compare dry matter and nutrient accumulation rates for determinate and indeterminate soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] by reanalyzing the original data from five field experiments. Data from a maximum yield research (MYR) experiment that yielded 6.8 Mg ha(-1) provided information for soybean grown with near-maximum accumulation rates. The high MYR yield resulted from intensive management practices that included high fertilization, high plant population, complete pest control, and timely irrigations to supplement rainfall. The MYR results were compared with rates determined for four non-MYR studies that yielded from 2.2 to 5.4 Mg ha(-1) in Iowa, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Contrary to patterns found for corn (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), no consistent, distinct peaks in accumulation rate were observed for soybean. Instead, trends were masked by short-term. variation caused either by responses to environmental variation or by random sampling errors. In addition, computed maximum growth rates for the 6.8 and 5.4 Mg ha(-1) studies were higher than the hypothesized maximum rate of 360 kg ha(-1) d(-1), suggesting either biased sampling or a need to reexamine the theory. These findings lead us to conclude that further research in intraseasonal accumulation patterns for soybean should concentrate on causes for short-term variation, such as weather patterns, via mechanistic simulation. Further, the data for extremely high yields should be considered cautiously until supporting data are found. RP Sadler, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,COASTAL PLAINS SOIL WATER & PLANT RES CTR,POB 3039,FLORENCE,SC 29502, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 19-20 BP 3145 EP 3163 DI 10.1080/00103629509369516 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA TL492 UT WOS:A1995TL49200004 ER PT J AU Overman, AR Wilkinson, SR AF Overman, AR Wilkinson, SR TI An extended nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium model for tall fescue SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID YIELD AB Dry matter yields and plant nutrient uptake of forage grasses are influenced by levels of applied nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Response to one element generally depends on levels of the other two. In this article, a mathematical model is presented which includes the major elements, N, P, and K as inputs. It consists of triple logistic equations with a total of thirteen parameters. The model is evaluated for Kentucky 31 (KY 31) and Kenwell tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) grown at Watkinsville, GA on Cecil sandy loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic flapludult). Procedures are described for parameter estimation. The model provides high correlation between yields and plant uptake of N, P, and K with applied N, P, and K for both cultivars of tall fescue, as demonstrated in response graphs and scatter diagrams. Intercept and N response coefficients from this study agree closely with those from previous work. Data from this study support the hyperbolic relationship between dry matter yield and plant N uptake predicted by the model. The model is mathematically well-behaved and is relatively easy to use in practice. C1 USDA ARS,SO PIEDMONT CONSERVAT RES CTR,WATKINSVILLE,GA 30677. RP Overman, AR (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT AGR ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 19-20 BP 3417 EP 3434 DI 10.1080/00103629509369536 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA TL492 UT WOS:A1995TL49200024 ER PT S AU PETROSKI, RJ VAZ, R AF PETROSKI, RJ VAZ, R BE Reynolds, CH Holloway, MK Cox, HK TI INSECT AGGREGATION PHEROMONE RESPONSE SYNERGIZED BY HOST-TYPE VOLATILES - MOLECULAR MODELING EVIDENCE FOR CLOSE PROXIMITY BINDING OF PHEROMONE AND COATTRACTANT IN CARPOPHILUSHEMIPTERUS (L) (COLEOPTERA, NITIDULIDAE) SO COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN: APPLICATIONS IN AGROCHEMICALS, MATERIALS, AND PHARMACEUTICALS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computer-Aided Molecular Design - Applications in Agrochemicals, Materials, and Pharmaceuticals, at 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Comp Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID HYDROCARBONS; HEMIPTERUS; VALIDATION; TETRAENE; FIELD AB The driedfruit beetle, Carpophilus hemipterus (L.) is a worldwide pest of avariety of fruits and grains, both before and after harvest. Attractiveness of the male-produced aggregation pheromone is enhanced by the presence of a ''host-type'' volatile coattractant. A set of 26 compounds was used to explore relationships between pheromone structure and activity by 3D-QSAR/CoMFA methods. Significant differences in aggregation pheromone CoMFA-coefficient contour maps were observed in the presence and absence of the ''host-type'' volatile coattractant. C1 MARION MERRELL DOW,CINCINNATI,OH 45242. RP PETROSKI, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,BIOACT CONSTITUENTS RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3160-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 589 BP 197 EP 210 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Computer Science; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BD30Z UT WOS:A1995BD30Z00014 ER PT S AU REDDY, KN NANDIHALLI, UB LEE, HJ DUKE, MV DUKE, SO AF REDDY, KN NANDIHALLI, UB LEE, HJ DUKE, MV DUKE, SO BE Reynolds, CH Holloway, MK Cox, HK TI PREDICTING ACTIVITY OF PROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE-INHIBITORS BY COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR MODELING SO COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN: APPLICATIONS IN AGROCHEMICALS, MATERIALS, AND PHARMACEUTICALS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computer-Aided Molecular Design - Applications in Agrochemicals, Materials, and Pharmaceuticals, at 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Comp Chem, Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem ID DIPHENYL ETHER HERBICIDES; PEROXIDIZING HERBICIDES; PORPHYRIN ACCUMULATION; NITRODIPHENYL ETHERS; ACIFLUORFEN-METHYL; ACTION MECHANISM; BARLEY; ANILIDE; BINDING; IX AB Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) is the primary site of action of herbicides belonging to at least ten chemical classes. Structure-activity relationships studies of diphenyl ether and phenopylate herbicides have shown the bicyclic structure of Protox inhibitors to approximate one half of the enzyme substrate, protoporphyrinogen IX. We determined the effect of a member of each of ten different chemical classes of Protox inhibitors on Protox activity and ability to induce protoporphyrin IX accumulation and to cause Light-induced cellular leakage. Molecular properties determined with MOPAC of these compounds were then correlated with these biological activities by regression analysis. The regression equations based on the bulk, electronic, energy, and lipophilicity properties accounted for most of the variation in the three biological activities, and appear to be specific to the particular biological activity. Predictive equations generated by this method were then tested on enantiomers with chirality in the meta-substitution of the phenyl ring. The equations were somewhat predictive for active compounds, but were not predictive for the inactive compounds. C1 USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3160-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 589 BP 211 EP 224 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Computer Science; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BD30Z UT WOS:A1995BD30Z00015 ER PT J AU HUMES, KS KUSTAS, WP SCHMUGGE, TJ AF HUMES, KS KUSTAS, WP SCHMUGGE, TJ GP AMER METEOROL SOC TI Effects of soil moisture and spatial resolution on the surface temperature/vegetation index relationships for a semiarid watershed SO CONFERENCE ON HYDROLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Hydrology, at the 75th AMS Annual Meeting CY JAN 15-20, 1995 CL DALLAS, TX SP Amer Meteorol Soc C1 USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108 PY 1995 BP 147 EP 151 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BD28W UT WOS:A1995BD28W00038 ER PT B AU Bratton, GF Schaefer, PR Brandle, JR AF Bratton, GF Schaefer, PR Brandle, JR BE Johnson, SR Bouzaher, A TI Conservation forestry for sustainable Great Plains ecosystems SO CONSERVATION OF GREAT PLAINS ECOSYSTEMS: CURRENT SCIENCE, FUTURE OPTIONS SE ECOLOGY, ECONOMY & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Conservation of Great Plains Ecosystems - Current Science, Future Options CY APR 07-09, 1993 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP US EPA, Reg VII, W Governors Assoc, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Iowa State Univ, Ctr Agr & Rural Dev C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,US FOREST SERV,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,CTR SEMIARID AGROFORESTRY,LINCOLN,NE 68583. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-3747-6 J9 ECOL EC ENV JI Ecol. Econ. Environ. PY 1995 VL 5 BP 211 EP 227 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE80K UT WOS:A1995BE80K00016 ER PT B AU Dornbusch, AJ Vining, BM Kearney, JL AF Dornbusch, AJ Vining, BM Kearney, JL BE Johnson, SR Bouzaher, A TI Total resource management plan for addressing groundwater concerns SO CONSERVATION OF GREAT PLAINS ECOSYSTEMS: CURRENT SCIENCE, FUTURE OPTIONS SE ECOLOGY, ECONOMY & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Conservation of Great Plains Ecosystems - Current Science, Future Options CY APR 07-09, 1993 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP US EPA, Reg VII, W Governors Assoc, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Iowa State Univ, Ctr Agr & Rural Dev C1 USDA,SOIL CONSERVAT SERV,MIDWEST NATL TECH CTR,LINCOLN,NE 68508. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-3747-6 J9 ECOL EC ENV JI Ecol. Econ. Environ. PY 1995 VL 5 BP 231 EP 251 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BE80K UT WOS:A1995BE80K00017 ER PT B AU Roth, D Peterson, R AF Roth, D Peterson, R BE Uresk, DW Schenbeck, GL ORourke, JT TI A neotropical migratory bird prioritization for National Forests and Grasslands SO CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY ON NATIVE RANGELANDS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Conserving Biodiversity on Native Rangelands CY AUG 17, 1995 CL FT ROBINSON STATE PK, NE SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Nebraska Natl Forest, Chadron State Coll, Dept Agr & Ind Technol, Wildlife Soc, Cent Mt & Plans Sect, Wildlife Soc, Nebraska Chapter AB The Rocky Mountain Region of the USDA Forest Service provides nesting habitat for 146 species of neotropical migratory birds. Interactive, prioritization databases were developed for each National Forest and National Grassland in the Region to assist land managers in making informed decisions about resource allocations. The data was processed using Paradox software. This paper summarizes the uses and application of the database for the Oglala and Ft. Pierre National Grasslands. C1 US Forest Serv, NTMB Program, USDA, Pueblo, CO 81008 USA. RP Roth, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, NTMB Program, USDA, 1920 Valley Dr, Pueblo, CO 81008 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 298 BP 3 EP 11 PG 9 GA BK43W UT WOS:000072181100001 ER PT B AU Sieg, CH AF Sieg, CH BE Uresk, DW Schenbeck, GL ORourke, JT TI The role of fire in managing for biological diversity on native rangelands of the Northern Great Plains SO CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY ON NATIVE RANGELANDS: SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT ROCKY MOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Conserving Biodiversity on Native Rangelands CY AUG 17, 1995 CL FT ROBINSON STATE PK, NE SP USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Nebraska Natl Forest, Chadron State Coll, Dept Agr & Ind Technol, Wildlife Soc, Cent Mt & Plans Sect, Wildlife Soc, Nebraska Chapter AB A strategy for using fire to manage for biological diversity on native rangelands in the Northern Great Plains incorporates an understanding of its past frequency, timing and intensity. Historically, lightning and humans were the major fire setters, and the role of fire varied both in space and time. A burning regime that includes fires at various intervals, seasons and intensities, including midsummer burns, should be reinstated. However, burning to enhance rare systems and species and to discourage exotic species is also needed. The goal is to base plans on an understanding of historic processes and ecosystem interactions, and resist techniques that rely on unexamined conventions. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, USDA, Rapid City, SD USA. RP Sieg, CH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, USDA, Rapid City, SD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 USDA ROCKY PY 1995 VL 298 BP 31 EP 38 PG 8 GA BK43W UT WOS:000072181100004 ER PT J AU SCHUCHARDT, J GERMAN, ET HOGARTH, J AF SCHUCHARDT, J GERMAN, ET HOGARTH, J BE Folk, KF TI Building linkages in the consumer interest - (Conference wrap-up summary) SO CONSUMER INTERESTS ANNUAL, VOL 41 SE PROCEEDINGS : ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN COUNCIL ON CONSUMER INTERESTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference of the American-Council-on-Consumer-Interests CY MAR 15-18, 1995 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Council Consumer Interests C1 USDA,COOPERAT EXTENS SYST,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COUNCIL COMSUMER INTERESTS PI COLUMBIA PA 240 STANLEY HALL, UNIV MISSOURI, COLUMBIA, MO 65211 SN 0275-1356 J9 P AM C CONS PY 1995 VL 41 BP 25 EP 26 PG 2 WC Business, Finance; Social Issues SC Business & Economics; Social Issues GA BD76N UT WOS:A1995BD76N00005 ER PT J AU MILNER, JA BLUMBERG, JB ERNST, N HATHCOCK, JN ZIEGLER, RG KOHLMEIER, L BLACKBURN, G DICHTER, C AF MILNER, JA BLUMBERG, JB ERNST, N HATHCOCK, JN ZIEGLER, RG KOHLMEIER, L BLACKBURN, G DICHTER, C TI RESPONSE PANEL ON THE IMPACT OF NUTRIENT AND NONNUTRIENT ANTIOXIDANTS ON CANCER AND CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Discussion C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708. NCI,ENVIRONM EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HARVARD UNIV,DEACONESS HOSP,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. RP MILNER, JA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT NUTR,126 HENDERSON BLDG S,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 99 EP 110 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA QG096 UT WOS:A1995QG09600010 ER PT J AU WHITING, RC AF WHITING, RC TI MICROBIAL MODELING IN FOODS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE MODELS; MICROBIOLOGY; PREDICTION; PATHOGENS ID BOTULINUM TYPE-A; NONPROTEOLYTIC CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; TEMPERATURE FUNCTION INTEGRATION; CONCENTRATION WATER ACTIVITY; RESPONSE-SURFACE MODELS; MONOCYTOGENES SCOTT-A; AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA K144; BACTERIAL-GROWTH CURVES; PASTEURIZED PORK SLURRY; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES AB Predictive food microbiology is a field of study that combines elements of microbiology, mathematics, and statistics to develop models that describe and predict the growth or decline of microbes under specified environmental conditions. Models can be thought of as having three levels: primary level models describe changes in microbial numbers with time, secondary level models show how the parameters of the primary model vary with environmental conditions, and the tertiary level combines the first two types of models with user-friendly application software or expert systems that calculate microbial behavior under the specified conditions. Primary models include time-to-growth, Gompertz function, exponential growth rate, and inactivation/survival models. Commonly used secondary models are response surface equations and the square root and Arrhenius relationships. Microbial models are valuable tools in planning Hazard Analysis, Critical Control Point (HACCP) programs and making decisions, as they provide the first estimates of expected changes in microbial populations when exposed to a specific set of conditions. This review describes the models currently being developed for food-borne microorganisms, particularly pathogens, and discusses their uses. RP WHITING, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 217 TC 144 Z9 154 U1 5 U2 33 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1995 VL 35 IS 6 BP 467 EP 494 PG 28 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA TH107 UT WOS:A1995TH10700001 ER PT J AU BALDWIN, EA NISPEROSCARRIEDO, MO BAKER, RA AF BALDWIN, EA NISPEROSCARRIEDO, MO BAKER, RA TI USE OF EDIBLE COATINGS TO PRESERVE QUALITY OF LIGHTLY (AND SLIGHTLY) PROCESSED PRODUCTS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE BEESWAX; CARRAGEENAN; CELLULOSE; CHITOSAN; EDIBLE COATING; EGG ALBUMIN; LIGHTLY PROCESSED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES; MINERAL OIL; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE; PECTIN; RESPIRATION; SOY PROTEIN; STARCH; VEGETABLE OIL; WHEAT GLUTEN; ZEIN ID WATER-VAPOR TRANSMISSION; MOISTURE FOOD SURFACES; INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROBIAL STABILIZATION; LIPID FILMS; ETHYLENE SYNTHESIS; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; FATTY-ACID; SHELF-LIFE; CHITOSAN AB Lightly processed agricultural products present a special problem to the food industry and to scientists involved in postharvest and food technology research. Light or minimal processing includes cutting, slicing, coring, peeling, trimming, or sectioning of agricultural produce. These products have an active metabolism that can result in deteriorative changes, such as increased respiration and ethylene production. If not controlled, these changes can lead to rapid senescence and general deterioration of the product. In addition, the surface water activity of cut fruits and vegetables is generally quite high, inviting microbial attack, which further reduces product Stability. Methods for control of these changes are numerous and can include the use of edible coatings. Also mentioned in this review are coating of nut products, and dried, dehydrated, and freeze-dried fruits. Technically, these are not considered to be minimally processed, but many of the problems and benefits of coating these products are similar to coating lightly processed products. Generally, the potential benefits of edible coatings for processed or lightly processed produce is to stabilize the product and thereby extend product shelf life. More specifically, coatings have the potential to reduce moisture loss, restrict oxygen entrance, lower respiration, retard ethylene production, seal in flavor volatiles, and carry additives that retard discoloration and microbial growth. RP BALDWIN, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS,CITRUS & SUBTROP PROD LAB,WINTER HAVEN,FL, USA. NR 128 TC 134 Z9 140 U1 2 U2 53 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1995 VL 35 IS 6 BP 509 EP 524 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA TH107 UT WOS:A1995TH10700003 PM 8777016 ER PT J AU WELCH, RM AF WELCH, RM TI MICRONUTRIENT NUTRITION OF PLANTS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE IRON; ZINC; COPPER; MANGANESE; NICKEL; MOLYBDENUM; BORON; CHLORINE; ABSORPTION; UPTAKE; HOMEOSTASIS; TRANSLOCATION; FUNCTION; DEFICIENCY; MEMBRANE TRANSPORT; XYLEM; PHLOEM; ROOT EXUDATES; PHYTOSIDEROPHORES; PHYTOCHELATINS; PHYTOMETALLOPHORES; ROOT SOIL INTERFACE ID TOMATO LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; BUFFERED NUTRIENT SOLUTION; HORDEUM-VULGARE L; PLASMA-MEMBRANE VESICLES; FE-EFFICIENCY REACTIONS; L CV HERTA; IRON UPTAKE; MUTANT CHLORONERVA; METAL COMPLEXATION; MUGINEIC ACID AB Currently, there are eight trace elements considered to be essential for higher plants, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, B, Mo, and Cl. Possibly, other elements will be discovered to be essential because of recent advances in nutrient solution culture techniques and in the commercial availability of highly sensitive analytical instrumentation for elemental analysis. Much remains to be learned about the physiology of micronutrient absorption, translocation and deposition in plants, and about the functions they perform in plant growth and development. This review briefly summarizes the current knowledge of micronutrients in plants and than presents some new speculations on the mechanisms of micronutrient uptake and translocation in plants. RP WELCH, RM (reprint author), USDA ARS,N ATLANTIC AREA US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,TOWER RD,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 200 TC 345 Z9 377 U1 35 U2 247 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 0735-2689 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PY 1995 VL 14 IS 1 BP 49 EP 82 DI 10.1080/713608066 PG 34 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA QG302 UT WOS:A1995QG30200003 ER PT J AU OW, DW MEDBERRY, SL AF OW, DW MEDBERRY, SL TI GENOME MANIPULATION THROUGH SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE GENE EXPRESSION; GENE TRANSFER; GENE TARGETING; GENETIC ENGINEERING; CHROMOSOME ENGINEERING; TRANSLOCATION; DELETION; INVERSION ID HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SOMATIC HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIOPHAGE-MU; CRE RECOMBINASE; FLP RECOMBINASE; TRANSGENE EXPRESSION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PROTOPLAST FUSION; DNA RECOMBINATION AB Several DNA site-specific recombination systems have been shown to function in higher eukaryotic cells. These two-component systems consist of a single-polypeptide recombinase and a short recognition sequence of less than 35 bp. Strategic placement of the recognition sites into the plant genome has permitted the deletion, inversion, integration, and translocation of host and introduced DNA fragments. Recombinase-based strategies afford precise and predictable engineering of the plant genome. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP OW, DW (reprint author), USDA,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 83 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 6 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 0735-2689 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PY 1995 VL 14 IS 3 BP 239 EP 261 DI 10.1080/713608117 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RQ424 UT WOS:A1995RQ42400003 ER PT J AU CUTLER, HG AF CUTLER, HG TI MICROBIAL NATURAL-PRODUCTS THAT AFFECT PLANTS, PHYTOPATHOGENS, AND CERTAIN OTHER MICROORGANISMS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS; PHYTOTOXINS; ANTIMICROBIALS; 2,5-DIHYDROXY-3-NITROPHENYLACETIC ACID METHYL ESTER; ROTIHIBIN A; THIENODOLIN; BASIDIFFERQUINONES; AMPULLICIN; ISOAMPULLICIN; DIHYDROAMPULLICIN; DEOXYFUNICONE; VERMISTATIN; VULCULIC ACID; ACREMOAUXIN A; ALTECHROMONE A AND B; SESCANDELIN; SESCANDELIN B; BSF-A; AMIDENIN; MALFORMINS A(1), A(2), A(3), A(4), B-L2, B-LB, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5; PORRIOLIDE; SILVATICOL; MELLEIN; CIS-(3R, 4R)-(-)4-HYDROXYMELLEIN; (R)-5-HYDROXYMELLEIN; TYROSOL; P-HYDROXYBENZALDEHYDE; 4-HYDROXY-3-(3 -METHYL-2-BUTENYL) BENZOIC ACID; TRITICONE A,B,C,D,E,F; PINOLIDOXIN; EPI-PINOLIDOXIN; DIHYRO-PINOLIDOXIN; EPOXY-PINOLIDOXIN; BOTCINOLIDE; PHOMOZIN; SEIRICARDINE A; EUTYPINE; LL-Z1640-1; ZEANOL; PONITOXIN; PORRITOXINOL; CICHORINE; ZINNIMIDINE; ZINNOL; ZINNDIOL; ASCOCHITINE; ASCOSALITOXIN; ISOXAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID; (+)-ISOCERCOSPORIN; COMPOUND A AND B; SESQUITERPENE 4,6,10,11,12,13,14,15; DEPUDECIN; FUMONISIN A(1), A(2), B-1, B-2, B-3; 2,4-DIHYDROXY-3,6-DIMETHYLBENZALDEHYDE; SCYTALONE; 2,3-DIHYDROXY-4-METHOXY-5,6-DIMETHYLDIPHENYL ETHER; APPENOLIDE A, B, C; ARTHROSPORONE; ANHYDROARTHROSPORONE; ARTHROSPOROL; 11-(5EPOXY-4-HYDROXY-3-HYDROXMETHYLCY-2-HEXENONE; HOMTHALLIN II; ALTERSOLENOL A, B, C, D, E, F; SETOSOL; ANTAFUMICIN A, B; SULCATINE A, B; 5-EPI-ARMILLOL; ARMILLOL; (-)-CERCOSPORAMIDE; USNIC ACID AMIDE ID FRUITING-BODY FORMATION; BASIDIOMYCETES FAVOLUS-ARCULARIUS; SECONDARY MOLD METABOLITES; PYRICULARIA-ORYZAE CAVARA; FUNGUS LAURILIA-SULCATA; SP NO 27; PHYTOTOXIC METABOLITE; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; GROWTH REGULATORS; ALTERNARIA-PORRI AB Biologically active natural products of microbial origin are diverse in chemical structure and exhibit different responses in divergent assay systems. They may have practical use as plant growth regulators, antimicrobials, and phytotoxins. In addition, they may be viewed as bioactive templates that may be altered to produce compounds with changed specific activities and target specificities. RP CUTLER, HG (reprint author), USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,POB 5677,ATHENS,GA 30613, USA. NR 141 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 15 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 0735-2689 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PY 1995 VL 14 IS 5 BP 413 EP 444 DI 10.1080/713608124 PG 32 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA RY334 UT WOS:A1995RY33400002 ER PT J AU WILHELM, WW MCMASTER, GS AF WILHELM, WW MCMASTER, GS TI IMPORTANCE OF THE PHYLLOCHRON IN STUDYING DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH IN GRASSES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT CULTIVARS; LEAF EMERGENCE; SPRING WHEAT; TEMPERATURE; APPEARANCE; RATES; BARLEY AB The phyllochron, which is defined as the interval between similar growth stages of successive leaves on the same culm, has been used extensively to describe and understand development of grasses. The purpose of this paper is to introduce seven papers presented as part of the symposium Understanding Development and Growth in Grasses: Role of the Phyllochron Concept. Environmental (temperature, eater, and day length) factors and genetics affect the duration of the phyllochron. The following seven papers broaden the discussion of these topics and present new concepts about how the environment and genetics impact the relationship between leaf appearance and whole plant development. C1 USDA ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80522. RP WILHELM, WW (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,117 KEIM HALL,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 35 TC 103 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000001 ER PT J AU SKINNER, RH NELSON, CJ AF SKINNER, RH NELSON, CJ TI ELONGATION OF THE GRASS LEAF AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE PHYLLOCHRON SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT CULTIVARS; TALL FESCUE GENOTYPES; PRIMORDIUM INITIATION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; GROWTH-RATES; SUCCESSIVE LEAVES; EXTENSION ZONE; SPRING BARLEY; CELL-DIVISION; SOWING DATE AB The phyllochron (interval between appearance of successive leaves) in grasses is determined by timing of leaf initiation at the stem apex and duration of leaf tip elongation through the whorl of mature sheaths. Primordia in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) are initiated and enlarge to approximate to 1.5 mm in length by production of cells that remain approximate to 20 pm long. As a young leaf continues to grow, epidermal cells beyond 1.5 mm from the base elongate to form a cell elongation zone of 7 to 40 mm, depending on genotype and environment, which pushes older tissue through the whorl. Leaf elongation rate is a function of length of the elongation zone and segmental elongation rate of positions within the zone. This zone constitutes a major sink for carbohydrate, N, and water deposition in the leaf. Ligule formation occurs in the cell division zone when the blade is approximate to 20% of its final length. Blade and sheath elongation take place simultaneously thereafter with their relative proportion depending on position of the ligule in the elongation zone. Initiation of leaf elongation from a resting primordium at a given node is coordinated with ligule initiation in the next-older leaf one node below and with cessation of cell division in the sheath and commencement of tiller elongation at the axillary bud two nodes below. Duration of leaf tip elongation through the whorl depends on elongation rate and sheath length. The importance of these factors in determining the phyllochron is often overlooked due to calculation procedures that assume a constant phyllochron when in fact the phyllochron often changes for each leaf. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT AGRON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP SKINNER, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS,POB E,301 S HOWES,FT COLLINS,CO 80522, USA. NR 61 TC 140 Z9 165 U1 4 U2 19 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 4 EP 10 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000002 ER PT J AU FRANK, AB BAUER, A AF FRANK, AB BAUER, A TI PHYLLOCHRON DIFFERENCES IN WHEAT, BARLEY, AND FORAGE GRASSES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; LEAF APPEARANCE; MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; APICAL DEVELOPMENT; SPRING WHEAT; TEMPERATURE; DAYLENGTH; EMERGENCE; WATER; NITROGEN AB The phyllochron is a measure of rate of development of plant leaves. Knowledge of the phyllochron for crop species is useful in formulating simulation models and for tracking plant development to determine when to apply management practices that depend on crop development stage. Our objectives were to determine the phyllochron and genetic: effects among cultivars of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (T. durum Desf.), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and among and within species of crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fischer ex Link) Schultes], western wheatgrass [Elymus smithii (Rybd.) Gould], intermediate wheatgrass [Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski:Syn:A. intermedium (Host) Beauv.], and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.). Phyllochrons for all cultivars of hard red spring wheat, durum wheat, and spring barley averaged 76.9, 79.6, and 77.2 growing degree days (GDD) per leaf, respectively. The range in phyllochron among cultivars of hard red spring wheat, durum wheat, and spring barley was 11.2, 5.1, and 9.8 GDD, respectively. Among forage grasses, the phyllochron was 90, 99, 119, and 139 GDD for reed canarygrass, crested wheatgrass, intermediate wheatgrass, and western wheatgrass, respectively. Phyllochron differences among clones within crested wheatgrass cultivar Summit was 21 GDD and within cultivar Nordan was 17 GDD. Specific genetic factors influencing the phyllochron of the species studied were not identified. However, variation among cultivars within species and variation among clones within heterogeneous cultivars suggest that genetic expression should be considered in evaluating the phyllochron for each species. RP FRANK, AB (reprint author), USDA ARS,POB 459,MANDAN,ND 58554, USA. NR 26 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000004 ER PT J AU MCMASTER, GS WILHELM, WW AF MCMASTER, GS WILHELM, WW TI ACCURACY OF EQUATIONS PREDICTING THE PHYLLOCHRON OF WHEAT SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; LEAF EMERGENCE; APICAL DEVELOPMENT; SPRING WHEAT; SOWING DATE; BARLEY; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; APPEARANCE; CROP AB Predicting the rate of leaf appearance, or phyllochron, aids in understanding and modeling grass development and growth. Nine equations predicting the phyllochron of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated using field data from a variety of locations, cultivars, and management practices. Each equation is referred to by the last name of the first author; if there is more than one equation by the first author, additional descriptors were included. The BAKER and KIRBY equations predict the phyllochron based on changes in daylength following seedling emergence; CAO-TEMP and CAO-DAY use a curvilinear relationship with temperature and daylength, respectively; CAO-T&D uses the ratio of temperature to daylength; VOLK mathematically refines CAO-T&D; MIGLIETTA uses an ontogenetic decline in the rate of leaf appearance; and MIGLIETTA-DAY adds photoperiod effects to MIGLIETTA. No equation adequately predicted the phyllochron. The r(2) values between predicted and measured phyllochron for winter wheat and spring wheat cultivars, respectively, were BAKER (0.001, 0.486), KIRBY (0.002, 0.487), CAO-DAY (0.000, 0.174), MIGLIETTA-DAY (0.013, 0.008), MIGLIETTA (0.002, 0.405), CAO-TEMP (0.100, 0.190), CAO-FIELD (0.078, 0.036), CAO-T&D (0.066, 0.030), and VOLK (0.119, 0.043). All equations predicted the phyllochron for spring wheat cultivars better than winter wheat cultivars. BAKER and MIGLIETTA showed no bias towards either over or underestimating the phyllochron; KIRBY tended to overestimate the phyllochron; and the remaining equations were biased towards underestimating the phyllochron. Equations developed from field data had the greatest range of predicted phyllochrons. Based on multiple criteria, the BAKER equation best predicted the phyllochron for the experimental data set. Other factors must be added to the equations to improve predictions. Much opportunity exists to improve our ability to predict the phyllochron. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,SOIL & WATER CONSERVAT RES UNIT,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP MCMASTER, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS,GREAT PLAINS SYST RES UNIT,POB E,FT COLLINS,CO 80522, USA. NR 48 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000006 ER PT J AU RICKMAN, RW KLEPPER, BL AF RICKMAN, RW KLEPPER, BL TI THE PHYLLOCHRON - WHERE DO WE GO IN THE FUTURE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; LEAF APPEARANCE; SPRING WHEAT; COORDINATION; TEMPERATURE; INITIATION; EMERGENCE; GROWTH; RATES AB This paper integrates, expands, and applies information from seven articles written for a symposium on the use of phyllochron concepts for describing shoot development in grasses. Generally, no one environmental factor is a perfect predictor of plant development rate. Factors that influence development rate include genetics, nutrition, water supply, day length, light, and temperature. Average air temperature, when accumulated in the form of a degree-day sum, does at times correlate linearly with plant developmental descriptors such as the Haun stage. The interval between visual appearance of successive leaves (the phyllochron) may be approximated as a constant number of degree-days for such a situation. If not only the visual extension of plant organs but the initiation of both vegetative and reproductive organs at active growing points can be linearly correlated with average temperature sums, an elegantly simple line diagram illustrates the full season synchronous initiation and development of all plant vegetative and reproductive parts. Development of each organ at the cellular level may be represented. This simple but complete representation of synchronous development based on the phyllochron provides a foundation for describing and improving understanding of the genetic and environmental control of grass development rate. RP RICKMAN, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,COLUMBIA PLATEAU CONSERVAT RES CTR,POB 370,PENDLETON,OR 97801, USA. NR 24 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 44 EP 49 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000008 ER PT J AU BYRNE, PF BOLANOS, J EDMEADES, GO EATON, DL AF BYRNE, PF BOLANOS, J EDMEADES, GO EATON, DL TI GAINS FROM SELECTION UNDER DROUGHT VERSUS MULTILOCATION TESTING IN RELATED TROPICAL MAIZE POPULATIONS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ZEA-MAYS-L; GRAIN-YIELD; RECURRENT SELECTION; 8 CYCLES; RESPONSES; ENVIRONMENTS; IMPROVEMENT; TOLERANCE AB Ideal maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars for tropical areas should yield well both in the presence and absence of drought, but optimal selection strategies for accomplishing this goal are not clear. This study evaluated progress from selection of two related tropical populations across a broad range of environmental conditions. 'Tuxpeno Sequia' (TS) had undergone full-sib recurrent selection for eight cycles at one location under managed levels of drought stress, while Tuxpeno 1' (T1) was selected for six cycles in a modified full-sib selection scheme that relied heavily on multilocation yield trial data. Combined over 12 environments (with mean yields ranging from 0.30-7.83 Mg ha(-1)), regression analysis revealed significantly different rates of change per cycle for TS and T1, respectively, for grain yield (1.68 and 1.06%, P < 0.10), anthesis-silking interval (ASI) (-8.59 and 0%, P < 0.10), ears per plant (1.26 and 0%, P < 0.05), and plant height (-0.83 and 1.29%, P < 0.01). Days to anthesis decreased in both TS and T1 (-0.36 and -0.15% per cycle, respectively), but the difference between populations was not significant at P < 0.10. The interaction of environments with the linear rate of gain in grain yield was not significant in either population, indicating similar progress across the range of environmental conditions sampled. Stability analysis indicated that TS Cycles 6 and 8 and the check variety 'La Posta Sequia Best' were the most stable and high yielding entries in the trial. Better yield gain in TS is likely related to its selection for reduced ASI under controlled stress at a single site. Selection under managed levels of drought stress at one location together with multilocation testing may be desirable components of maize breeding programs for drought-prone tropical areas. C1 CIMMYT,INT MAIZE & WHEAT IMPROVEMENT CTR,MEXICO CITY 06600,DF,MEXICO. DEKALB GENET CORP,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP BYRNE, PF (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,PLANT GENET RES UNIT,310 CURTIS HALL,COLUMBIA,MO 65211, USA. NR 22 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000011 ER PT J AU HOPKINS, AA VOGEL, KP MOORE, KJ JOHNSON, KD CARLSON, IT AF HOPKINS, AA VOGEL, KP MOORE, KJ JOHNSON, KD CARLSON, IT TI GENOTYPE EFFECTS AND GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS FOR TRAITS OF ELITE SWITCHGRASS POPULATIONS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; FORAGE QUALITY; INVITRO; SELECTION AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is used as a forage species and has shown potential for use in production of fuel ethanol from cellulosic biomass. Objectives of this research were to determine performance differences between elite switchgrass populations for agronomic, forage quality, and biofuel traits and to determine the magnitude of genotype x environment (G x E) interactions for these traits across midwestern environments. Twenty elite switchgrass populations, consisting of cultivars and advanced breeding populations, were planted in sward trials at Mead, NE, Ames, IA, and West Lafayette, IN, during 1990 and were evaluated in 1991 and 1999. Forage samples were taken at a vegetative growth stage, at heading, and at the end of the season. Plots were harvested for forage yield at heading and at the end of the growing season. Forage composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility was determined using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between populations for forage yield were found at individual locations but not across locations, except at the P = 0.10 probability level, because of G x E interactions. Genotype x environment interactions were significant for hemicellulose plus cellulose (holocellulose) yield, a potentially important biofuel trait. In vitro dry matter digestibility was more stable than both forage yield and holocellulose yield. Despite large G x E interaction effects, a few populations consistently ranked high in forage yield and holocellulose yield. Multiple location, multiple year sward trials will be needed to develop switchgrasses broadly adapted to the midwest. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,STILLWATER,OK 74078. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. PURDUE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. NR 28 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 125 EP 132 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000023 ER PT J AU MAY, OL BRIDGES, BC AF MAY, OL BRIDGES, BC TI BREEDING COTTONS FOR CONVENTIONAL AND LATE-PLANTED PRODUCTION SYSTEMS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIBER QUALITY; YIELD AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growers in South Carolina are replacing some of their soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] hectareage planted after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with cotton, A breeder must decide whether a small but expanding hectareage of late-planted (LP) cotton will require a breeding scheme separate from one for the conventional (CN) full-season production system. The objective of this study was to assess selection strategies that will result in cottons with improved lint yield and fiber quality for CN and LP production systems. Twenty-five unselected Pee Dee cotton genotypes, along with a full-season and an early maturing cultivar, were evaluated in a 2-yr experiment conducted at Florence, SC, in two production systems: CN, planted approximately the first week of May, and LP, planted 8 June. Lint yield, fiber, and spinning properties were determined. Significant (P < 0.05) genotypic variation existed for all traits, but there was no significant genotype x production system interaction. Heritability of each trait plus the genetic correlation between production systems was used to compare predicted and observed direct and correlated response in each production system. Predicted gain in LP yield when selection was conducted in the CN production system was a 2.1% increase in the population mean compared with a 3.1% observed response. Selection for 2.5% span length and yam strength in the CN system resulted in gains in both production systems, Antagonistic genetic correlations between some of the fiber traits and lint yield will make concurrent improvements in both production systems difficult. Use of a low selection intensity in the CN production system in the initial round of replicated yield testing was found to be an efficient method to improve lint yield or yam strength. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,FLORENCE,SC 29502. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT EXPTL STAT,CLEMSON,SC 29634. RP MAY, OL (reprint author), USDA ARS,POB 3039,FLORENCE,SC 29502, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 132 EP 136 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000024 ER PT J AU LI, YM CHANEY, RL SCHNEITER, AA MILLER, JF AF LI, YM CHANEY, RL SCHNEITER, AA MILLER, JF TI GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN KERNEL CADMIUM CONCENTRATION IN SUNFLOWER GERMPLASM UNDER VARYING SOIL-CONDITIONS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ZINC; PARAMETERS; SLUDGE; COPPER; TIME; CD AB Production of nonoilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on certain soil series yields kernels with cadmium (Cd) concentration in excess of international market Cd limits. This study was conducted to determine if genetic variability exists among sunflower germplasm for low kernel Cd accumulation, and to select genotypes under varying soil conditions for breeding low kernel Cd cultivar(s). Two-hundred sunflower genotypes were evaluated at four different soil series in North Dakota and Minnesota. Large genetic variation in Cd content was found among genotypes. Kernel Cd concentrations showed continuous variation across the range of 0.31 to 1.34 mg/kg (average for four locations), Although Genotype x Location effect exists, genotypes were ranked similarly in Cd concentration at the four locations. Concentrations of Cd for the genotypes were highly correlated among locations, indicating genotypes performed consistently across the four environments. Results clearly show that genotypes for sunflower differ significantly in kernel Cd concentration, and it appears that this evaluation of 200 genotypes has identified sufficient low Cd germplasm for breeding low kernel Cd genotypes. Soil properties played an important role in Cd uptake and accumulation in sunflower. Data from the four soil series showed that fine textured soils from the Fargo and Grandin locations contained higher levels of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Cd and total Cd, and caused significantly higher sunflower kernel Cd across genotypes. Regressions for kernel Cd on soil measurements were all significant except for pH measures in deeper layer soil. The highly correlated relationship could be used to predict kernel Cd for some soil series which were not part of this study. C1 N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & WEED SCI,FARGO,ND 58105. USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,FARGO,ND 58105. RP LI, YM (reprint author), USDA ARS,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 26 TC 76 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 137 EP 141 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000025 ER PT J AU LAMB, JFS BARNES, DK RUSSELLE, MP VANCE, CP HEICHEL, GH HENJUM, KI AF LAMB, JFS BARNES, DK RUSSELLE, MP VANCE, CP HEICHEL, GH HENJUM, KI TI INEFFECTIVELY AND EFFECTIVELY NODULATED ALFALFAS DEMONSTRATE BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN-FIXATION CONTINUES WITH HIGH-NITROGEN FERTILIZATION SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID N-15 ISOTOPE-DILUTION; N-2 FIXATION; DINITROGEN FIXATION; DIFFERENCE-METHODS AB Estimates of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) require a non-N-2-fixing control preferably of the same species as the crop under evaluation. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate two ineffectively nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) germplasms as non-N-2-fixing controls for estimating BNF under increasing N fertilizer applications. 'Ineffective Agate' and 'Ineffective Saranac' and their effective parental cultivars, Agate and Saranac, were planted in field plots at Rosemount, MN, in 1985 and 1986. Forage yields were taken in each study at early bloom for 2 yr. Plots received four rates of ammonium nitrate (0, 70, 140, and 210 kg N ha(-1)) after each harvest. Biological nitrogen fixation in the 1986 plots was estimated by both the N-15 isotope dilution technique and the difference method. In the presence of adequate inorganic N, ineffectively nodulated plants were comparable to their effective counterparts in herbage yield and N content. No difference in herbage yield or N content at any N fertilizer treatment was observed between Ineffective Agate and Ineffective Saranac, indicating that the two entries would be comparable non-fixing controls for held assessment of BNF. The isotope dilution technique and the difference method gave comparable estimates of the change in BNF with applied N. Estimates of BNF declined in both Agate and Saranac in response to increasing N fertilization, but continued at high rates at the highest fertilizer N addition. A first production year stand of alfalfa under an annual N application rate of 840 kg/ha obtained 20 to 25% of its N from BNF. This is the first report that BNF continues with high levels of N application. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT AGRON & PLANT GENET, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT SOIL SCI, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. UNIV ILLINOIS, DEPT AGRON, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. RP UNIV MINNESOTA, USDA ARS, 411 BORLAUG HALL, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. NR 23 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 153 EP 157 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000028 ER PT J AU ZINSELMEIER, C WESTGATE, ME JONES, RJ AF ZINSELMEIER, C WESTGATE, ME JONES, RJ TI KERNEL SET AT LOW WATER POTENTIAL DOES NOT VARY WITH SOURCE/SINK RATIO IN MAIZE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GRAIN FILL; GROWTH; TRANSLOCATION; REPRODUCTION; SENSITIVITY; STEM; LEAF; SILK AB Water deficits during pollination increase the frequency of zygotic abortion in maize (Zea mays L.). Recent work suggests that reproductive failure occurs because assimilate supply in water-deficient plants is not sufficient to maintain growth of all newly formed zygotes. We tested this possibility by altering the vegetative source to reproductive sink ratio in the inbred line A188 prior to imposing a water deficit at pollination. Relative assimilate supply was modified by growing plants in 20-L pots containing 22 kg of amended soil in three environments: (i) the field, (ii) the field under 55% shade, or (iii) a growth chamber. Sink size was modified genetically using a chromosome interchange (reciprocal translocation) mutant (T3-7c) that is near-isogenic to the wild type (A188WT) but sets only 50% of the fertilized ovaries. Six treatment-genotype combinations produced a seven-fold range in photosynthesis per kernel and a four-fold range in reserve sugars per kernel at silk emergence. Water was withheld on the first day silks emerged and plants were hand pollinated 4 to 7 d later when leaf photosynthesis was <2 pmol m(-2) s(-1) and silk water potential (Psi(w)) reached approximate to -1.1 MPa. Upon rehydration 2 d after pollination (DAP), leaf Psi(w) and photosynthesis rapidly recovered to control values. The water deficit decreased kernel number per ear 40 to 70% compared to the controls. Plants with a high source/sink ratio (e.g., T3-7c, field) were just as sensitive to low Psi(w) at pollination as plants with a low source/sink ratio (e.g., A188WT, growth chamber). These results indicate that assimilate supply per kernel alone does not determine the sensitivity of kernel set to low Psi(w) at pollination. C1 USDA ARS,N CENT SOIL CONSERVAT RES LAB,MORRIS,MN 56267. UNIV MINNESOTA,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 158 EP 163 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000029 ER PT J AU HARPER, LA HENDRIX, PF LANGDALE, GW COLEMAN, DC AF HARPER, LA HENDRIX, PF LANGDALE, GW COLEMAN, DC TI CLOVER MANAGEMENT TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM NITROGEN AND SOIL-WATER CONSERVATION SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LEGUME COVER CROPS; NO-TILLAGE CORN; WINTER LEGUMES; AMMONIA; EXCHANGE; ALFALFA; WHEAT AB Legumes are commonly used to provide nitrogen (N) for succeeding crops, but the net gain in N to the system is rarely measured. This study developed a N budget for a winter legume production system to estimate sources, sinks, and net system gain in N. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) reseeded from the preceding year and was killed with herbicide the following spring. A forage sorghum crop (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) was planted and harvested twice during the summer. Subplots were sampled at frequent intervals throughout the growing seasons for measurements of plant biomass and N content (leaves, stems, seeds, roots, and litter) and soil mineral N. During the clover growing season, soil N mineralization and leaching rates were estimated with an insitu chamber technique, and aerial ammonia (NH3) transport measurements were made biweekly by micrometeorological techniques. Nitrogen in the clover crop increased until anthesis, and then declined slightly prior to desiccation with herbicides. Total N accumulated in the clover at desiccation was 323 kg N ha(-1) (28 In leaves, 81 in stems, 40 in seeds, 44 in surface-layer roots, and 130 in dead leaves and litter). Aerial NH3 absorption by the clover was small during the growing season (0.18 kg N ha(-1)) but NH3 loss from the killed clover was also minimal (0.25 kg N ha(-1)) and occurred during the period shortly after herbicide application. The summer sorghum crop took up 454 kg N ha(-1) over the course of two cuttings from the soil mineral and mineralized organic N resource plus atmospheric NH3 and other atmospheric N inputs such as wet and dry deposition. Total N accumulated by the clover from N fixation, soil mineral N uptake, and NH3 absorption provided the equivalent of 70% of N removed by the sorghum crop. C1 UNIV GEORGIA, DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. UNIV GEORGIA, INST ECOL, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. UNIV GEORGIA, DEPT ENTOMOL, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. RP USDA ARS, POB 555, WATKINSVILLE, GA 30677 USA. OI Coleman, David/0000-0003-0390-1501 NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 176 EP 182 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000033 ER PT J AU KASELE, IN SHANAHAN, JF NIELSEN, DC AF KASELE, IN SHANAHAN, JF NIELSEN, DC TI IMPACT OF GROWTH-RETARDANTS ON CORN LEAF MORPHOLOGY AND GAS-EXCHANGE TRAITS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBON ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; WINTER-WHEAT; USE EFFICIENCY; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; YIELD COMPONENTS; AIR HUMIDITY; C4 PLANTS; WATER-USE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ETHEPHON AB Growth retardant (GR) application often produces compact plants with dark green foliage and reduced leaf size. These morphological alterations can affect leaf gas exchange and biochemical traits associated with photosynthesis. We conducted greenhouse experiments by growing corn (Zea mays L.) plants under optimum water and nutrient conditions to evaluate the impact of two GR treatments, a seed-applied treatment of BAS110..W [1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-methoxy-1-methyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) ethanol] at 250 mg kg(-1) of seed and an ethephon (2-choloroethyl phosphonic acid) treatment (a foliar-applied solution containing 100 mu g a.i ethephon L(-1) of water applied at three-leaf stage), on leaf gas exchange characteristics [leaf stomatal conductance to H2O vapor (g(s)), leaf intercellular CO2 concentration (C-i), and leaf CO2 exchange rate (CER)] and water use efficiency, and other plant morphological traits. A CER vs. C-i response curve was also determined to assess the carboxylation efficiency for control and treated plants. Both GR reduced total plant leaf area and dry weight by about 21 to 31% relative to the control but increased specific leaf weight and weighted stomatal density by 7 to 19%. Leaf protein and chlorophyll contents were nearly doubled in GR-treated plants. Leaf g(s), C-i, and CER were significantly higher in GR-treated vs, control plants while CER/g(s) was significantly lower in GR-treated plants. The CER vs. C-i response curve exhibited higher initial slope in GR-treated plants compared to control plants, indicating a higher carboxylation efficiency. Our data indicate that GR application reduced leaf size, concentrated photosynthetic pigments and enzymes, and enhanced CER of corn. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT SOIL & CROP SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. USDA ARS,CENT GREAT PLAINS RES STN,AKRON,CO 80720. RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009; OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183; Shanahan, John/0000-0003-3173-4245 NR 40 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 190 EP 194 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000035 ER PT J AU MACKOWN, CT SUTTON, TG AF MACKOWN, CT SUTTON, TG TI NITRATE ASSIMILATION IN TOBACCO-LEAVES TREATED WITH MALEIC HYDRAZIDE TO CONTROL AXILLARY BUD GROWTH SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BURLEY TOBACCO; N-15; REDUCTION; NITROGEN AB After removal of the upper stalk containing the developing inflorescence and small expanding leaves (<20 cm) of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), maleic hydrazide (MH) is used to control axillary bud growth (suckers) and enhance economic yield. Maleic hydrazide has numerous physiological effects on tobacco; many represent delayed or secondary effects on plant metabolism and may affect chemical composition of leaves, The effects of MH level (0, 0.17, 0.34, and 0.68 g plant(-1)) on the in situ assimilation of nitrate and other selected physiological traits of the second leaf from the top in plants grown in 1989 and 1990 were determined at weekly intervals for 3 wk beginning approximate to 10 d after the MH application. Total chlorophyll in laminal tissue decreased as MH level increased; this response to MH became increasingly pronounced with time. The dry weight of the second leaf from the top increased with time, but differences in leaf weight due to treatment were not significant. Leaf total N and nitrate concentrations of the lamina averaged across both years and three sampling dates decreased with increasing MH level. However, in situ assimilation of nitrate was unaffected by MH. Differences in leaf N concentrations due to MH are partly the consequence of greater leaf dry weight accumulation and possibly to decreased uptake and partitioning of nitrate rather than nitrate assimilation. The slightly lower levels of nitrate in the upper leaves of MH-treated burley tobacco should be a desirable benefit of chemical suppression of suckers, because lower levels of tissue nitrate are often associated with decreased production of nitrosamines in cigarette smoke. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT AGRON,LEXINGTON,KY 40546. RP MACKOWN, CT (reprint author), UNIV KENTUCKY,USDA ARS,LEXINGTON,KY 40546, USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 195 EP 199 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000036 ER PT J AU HEATHERLY, LG KENTY, MM AF HEATHERLY, LG KENTY, MM TI IRRIGATION DURING SEEDFILL AND GERMINABILITY OF SOYBEAN WITH IMPERMEABLE SEED COAT CHARACTER SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GLYCINE-MAX; CLAY SOIL; STRESS AB The impermeable seed coat (ISC) trait in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is valuable because impermeable seed retain viability longer than permeable seed under adverse conditions such as delayed harvest or lengthy storage. The objective of this study was to determine how drought stress during seedfilling affected the ISC trait. 'Forrest', a maturity group (MG) V determinate cultivar with normal seed coat, and D86-4565, an ISC MG V determinate line, were grown in the field In 1991 (hot, dry season) and 1992 (cool, wet season) at Stoneville, MS. No irrigation or furrow Irrigation between beginning seedfill (R5) and full seed (R6) growth stages were used to vary soil water content during seed development. Seed was harvested by hand and machine both years. In 1991, germination of machine-harvested, unscarified D86-4565 was increased by Irrigation, but the percentage of impermeable seed was not affected. In 1992, irrigation that was started at R5 and continued through R6 increased germination of machine-harvested, unscarified seed from both genotypes, and significantly decreased impermeability of unscarified seed of D86-4565. Unscarified seed from D86-4565 grown in 1992 had greater germination and higher permeability than seed from 1991. Unscarified seed from all treatments of D86-4565 germinated well below the standard of 80%. These results indicate that irrigation of soybean during the seedfilling period can influence the ISC trait and germination of unscarified seed with this trait, but the effect of diverse weather is much greater. Furthermore, adequate moisture during seedfill will not preclude preplant scarification to enhance germination of seed with the ISC trait. RP HEATHERLY, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOYABEAN PROD RES UNIT,POB 343,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 205 EP 208 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000038 ER PT J AU WILHELM, WW JOHNSON, BE SCHEPERS, JS AF WILHELM, WW JOHNSON, BE SCHEPERS, JS TI YIELD, QUALITY, AND NITROGEN USE OF INBRED CORN WITH VARYING NUMBERS OF LEAVES REMOVED DURING DETASSELING SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MAIZE; DEFOLIATION; AREA AB Detasseling is used in hybrid corn (Zea mays L.) seed production to ensure harvested seeds have the desired genetic complement. Both mechanical and hand detasseling result in loss of some leaf tissue and plant N. The objective of this study was to determine if seed yield and quality and N content of grain and stover were affected by leaf removal during detasseling, The treatments evaluated were removal of tassel only, tassel plus one leaf, tassel plus two leaves, tassel plus three leaves, tassel plus four leaves, and no tissue removed (control). The leaf area index (LAI) declined linearly, about 0.16 LAI units per leaf removed. Grain and stover yield also declined Linearly with number of leaves removed with the tassel (r(2) = 0.97 and 0.92, respectively). Each leaf removed reduced grain yield about 0.36 Mg ha(-1). Yield reduction was caused by decreased kernel size. Grain and stover N concentration and amount of N in stover did not vary among detasseled treatments. However, total N in the grain declined linearly as number of leaves-removed increased (r(2) = 0.97). Warm and cold germination and warm germination after accelerated aging were not affected by leaf removal during detasseling. Results reported here suggest that when leaves are removed from the plant at detasseling, the loss of photosynthetic capacity, the ability to intercept light, and plant N all contribute to grain yield reduction. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT AGRON,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP WILHELM, WW (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,117 KEIM HALL,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 209 EP 212 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000039 ER PT J AU CHEN, WP ROATH, WW AF CHEN, WP ROATH, WW TI KARYOTYPE OF CUPHEA-LANCEOLATA AIT AND CUPHEA-VISCOSISSIMA JACQ SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID C-BANDED KARYOTYPES; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS; SECALE; EVOLUTION; GIEMSA; HETEROCHROMATIN AB Cuphea lanceolata Aiton and C. viscosissima Jacq. are potential germplasm sources of medium-chain fatty acids. The fertile hybrid between these two species is being used to develop improved cultivars as a domestic source of these important oils. A total of 1401 Giemsa C-banded chromosomes from 145 root-tip cells of these two species are karyotyped with the assistance of computer imaging techniques. Karyotype was defined by measuring individual chromosomes, computing the relative chromosome length and arm ratios, and identifying specific heterochromatic and euchromatic regions of individual chromosomes. The karyotype of these two species (2n = 12) consists of one pair of satellited chromosomes, two pairs of metacentric chromosomes, and two pairs of submetacentric chromosomes. Chromosome 2 is submetacentric in C. viscosissima but metacentric in C. lanceolata. The differences in relative chromosome length between homologous chromosomes of C. viscosissima and C. lanceolata were not significant. Karyotype asymmetry indites are the numerical expression for the general morphology of plant karyotypes. The intrachromosomal asymmetry index is 0.43 and 0.47 and the interchromosomal asymmetry index is 0.25 and 0.26 for C. lanceolata and C. viscosissima, respectively. The similarity of homologous chromosomes and C-banding patterns indicate a close phylogenetic relationship between C. viscosissima and C. lanceolata. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,AMES,IA 50011. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 246 EP 250 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000045 ER PT J AU WILSON, JR MERTENS, DR AF WILSON, JR MERTENS, DR TI CELL-WALL ACCESSIBILITY AND CELL STRUCTURE LIMITATIONS TO MICROBIAL DIGESTION OF FORAGE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RUMINAL BACTERIA; RUMEN BACTERIA; PHENOLIC-ACIDS; DIGESTIBILITY; DEGRADATION; INVITRO; CATTLE; LEAF; ANATOMY; LIGNIN AB Discussion of limits to ruminant digestion of plant cell walls largely focuses on the lignification and chemical nature of these wails. We examined the anatomical limitations to digestion of thick-walled fiber particles in grasses. Estimates were made of wall surface area to cell wall volume ratio (SA/CWV), rate of bacterial digestion, and accessibility to bacteria for different types of cell walls. The analysis reveals the following: (i) Bacterial digestion of fiber cells can progress only from the interior (lumen) surface because their middle lamella-primary wall region is consistently found to be indigestible. (ii) Because of secondary wall thickness (c. 1-5 mu m), we calculate that at best only 0.45 to 0.60 mu m of wall thickness (as little as 20% of the wall in some cells) would be digested within the average residence time of fiber particles in the rumen assuming digestion of wall at the fast rate of 0.02 mu m h(-1). (iii) This potential rate of wall digestion overestimates that of typical fiber particles in the rumen because these particles are comprised of many hundreds of cells and relatively few will be disrupted by chewing to give bacteria immediate access to cell lumens. (iv) Digestion of thick-walled cells by bacteria is surface-based and sclerenchyma cells have a particularly low SA/CWV ratio. Calculated ratios for single cells are sclerenchyma (1:5) < stem parenchyma (1.9:1) < mesophyll (6.7 to 13.3:1). (v) During digestion of secondary walls, an accumulation of toxic levels of phenolic monomers in cell lumens and at the digesting surface is unlikely, but more slowly diffusing phenolic-carbohydrate complexes could reach concentrations toxic to bacteria. The structural limitations described are discussed in relation to future research directions. C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. CSIRO,DIV TROP CROPS & PASTURES,ST LUCIA,QLD 4067,AUSTRALIA. NR 49 TC 98 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 251 EP 259 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000046 ER PT J AU OCUMPAUGH, WR TISCHLER, CR VALLE, LS AF OCUMPAUGH, WR TISCHLER, CR VALLE, LS TI POSTHARVEST SEED DORMANCY EFFECTS ON KLEINGRASS GERMINATION FOLLOWING SIMULATED DIGESTION BY CATTLE SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RECOVERY AB Grass seed germinability declines linearly with increased exposure to in vivo and in vitro digestion, but the factors that regulate loss of seed germinability are unknown. One potential mechanism of seed survival during digestion is seed dormancy. A recently developed in vitro procedure to simulate grass seed passage through the digestive system of cattle (Bos spp.) has permitted the evaluation of mechanisms controlling seed germinability following digestion. Ou hypothesis was that 'Selection 75' kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L.) seed with a high level of post-harvest dormancy would withstand the negative effects of digestion better than TEM-LD1 kleingrass seed with a low level of post-harvest dormancy. Seed harvested in 1991 and 1992 was frozen to maintain dormancy status and subjected to 24, 48, and 72 h of in vitro digestion each year. Germinability was tested in half of the seed immediately following digestion, and half was stored at 24 degrees C to allow for natural loss of dormancy. When germinated immediately following digestion. Selection 74 seed maintained most of its dormancy and germinated poorer than TEM-LD1 kleingrass seed. However, after 6 to 8 mo of storage, digested seed of both genotypes exhibited similar linear declines in germination with increased digestion time. Seed of TEM-LD1 digested for 48 or 72 h and then stored for 6 to 8 mo, germinated 15 to 25 percentage units poorer than similarly digested seed without storage. We concluded that post-harvest seed dormancy of kleingrass is not an effective mechanism for maintaining viability of seeds when passed through the digestive system of cattle; however, such dormancy probably is a factor in maintaining seed viability after it is excreted. C1 USDA ARS,GRASSLAND SOIL & WATER RES LAB,TEMPLE,TX 76502. EMBRAPA,CAMPO GRANDE,MS,BRAZIL. RP OCUMPAUGH, WR (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,TEXAS AGR RES STN,HCR 2,BOX 43-C,BEEVILE,TX 78102, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 260 EP 263 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000047 ER PT J AU KANG, JH BRINK, GE AF KANG, JH BRINK, GE TI WHITE CLOVER MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY IN RESPONSE TO DEFOLIATION INTERVAL SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STOLONS; GRASS AB Yield response of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to defoliation varies with leaf size. Our objective was to determine how specific aspects of plant morphology and physiology are responsible for differences in growth of diverse white clover cultivars in response to defoliation interval. Individual plants of 'Aberystwyth S184' (small-leaf), 'Grasslands Huia' (medium-small-leaf), and 'Osceola' (large-leaf) were clipped to remove all fully expanded leaves and petioles 55 d after sowing in the greenhouse and then clipped every 7, 14, or 28 d for the next 28 d. Plant fraction dry matter (DM) accumulation and morphological and physiological characteristics were measured 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 d after the final clipping. Stolen growth rate was inverse to leaf size classification (Aberystwyth S184, 7.6 cm d(-1) > Grasslands Huia, 5.8 cm d(-1) > Osceola, 3.6 cm d(-1)). In contrast, maximum stolen weight/length ratio of Osceola increased 31% vs. a 1% increase for Grasslands Huia and Aberystwyth S184 as defoliation interval Increased to 28 d, which resulted in greater stolen DM accumulation by Osceola at the 14- and 28-d intervals. Stolen and root carbohydrate concentration of Osceola was greater than and leaf carbohydrate concentration was less than the other cultivars at all defoliation intervals, indicating greater reliance on stored carbohydrates for regrowth by Osceola. Although plant leaf area of Osceola was greater than that of Grasslands Huia and Aberystwyth S184 at the 28-d interval only, forage DM accumulation of Osceola was greatest at all intervals due to petiole length. In grazed swards, however, greater petiole length would likely increase accessibility to and removal of leaf tissue, subsequently reducing new leaf and stolen growth. C1 USDA ARS,FORAGE RES UNIT,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. DEPT PLANT & SOIL SCI,MISSISSIPPI STATE,MS 39762. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 264 EP 269 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000048 ER PT J AU WHITE, GA AF WHITE, GA TI INTRODUCTION OF QUARANTINED SEED FOR CROP-SCIENCE REGISTRATION SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note AB Registration of germplasms, cultivars, parental lines, and genetic stocks in Crop Science provides recognition to scientists that develop and document these plant materials. During 1987 through 1993, 8.5% of Crop Science registrations were of foreign origin. Among these, 26% were quarantine-restricted. The purpose of this report is to provide guidelines to foreign contributors of quarantined plant germplasm for Crop Science registration. Seeds of several crop genera from other countries that might be registered are in the prohibited quarantine category and can be introduced only under permit. Examples include the crop genera Arachis, Gossypium, Oryza, Pennisetum, Sorghum, Triticum, and Zea. Send samples of clean, untreated seeds and associated information to the USDA Plant Germplasm Inspection Station, Bldg. 580, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705. The number of seeds needed for quarantined-growouts will vary depending on the class of registration. Procedures described herein generally apply to quarantined introductions for purposes other than Crop Science registration. RP WHITE, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL GERMPLASM RESOURCES LAB,BLDG 003,RM 409,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 272 EP 273 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000050 ER PT J AU TIMPA, JD STRIEGEL, AM ABELLANOSA, AL TRIPLETT, BA AF TIMPA, JD STRIEGEL, AM ABELLANOSA, AL TRIPLETT, BA TI RAPID, INEXPENSIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING GLUCOSE-CONCENTRATIONS IN COTTON ROLLS AND OTHER PLANT-TISSUES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note AB Our objective was to develop a rapid, specific, and inexpensive method for measuring glucose concentrations in bells of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A new procedure was developed, based on a reagent strip for measuring blood glucose in diabetic patients, and compared with three other glucose methods by assaying glucose standard solutions. The strip results were significantly correlated (r = 0.948) with known concentrations of glucose and comparable to other methods in both precision and accuracy. For aqueous extracts of locules (lint and seed) from 15 days-post-anthesis (DPA) cotton bolls, glucose levels were similar to 10 mg g(-1) fresh weight. The reagent strip strongly correlated to glucose hexokinase, glucose oxidase, and anthrone methods with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.983, 0.994, and 0.974, respectively. Thus, the strip technique should be useful for routine glucose determinations in cotton bells considering the time (similar to 2 min/sample), cost (similar to$0.70/sample), and portability. C1 UNIV NEW ORLEANS,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70149. RP TIMPA, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 274 EP 278 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000051 ER PT J AU KOLB, FL BROWN, CM HEWINGS, AD AF KOLB, FL BROWN, CM HEWINGS, AD TI REGISTRATION OF BRAWN OAT SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,URBANA,IL 61801. RP KOLB, FL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,USDA ARS,1102 S GOODWIN AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 279 EP 279 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000052 ER PT J AU STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, AJ FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF MCBLAIN, BA COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ AF STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, AJ FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF MCBLAIN, BA COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ TI REGISTRATION OF SANDUSKY SOYBEAN SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, DEPT PLANT PATHOL, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, USDA ARS, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. RP OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, DEPT AGRON, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 283 EP 284 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000058 ER PT J AU STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, AJ FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF MCBLAIN, BA COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ AF STMARTIN, SK CALIPDUBOIS, AJ FIORITTO, RJ SCHMITTHENNER, AF MCBLAIN, BA COOPER, RL MARTIN, RJ TI REGISTRATION OF VERTEX SOYBEAN SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, DEPT PLANT PATHOL, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, USDA ARS, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. RP OHIO STATE UNIV, OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR, DEPT AGRON, WOOSTER, OH 44691 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000059 ER PT J AU MARTIN, TJ HARVEY, TL SEIFERS, DL COX, TS SEARS, RG BEQUETTE, RK CURRAN, SP HATCHETT, JH CHUNG, OK WITT, MD AF MARTIN, TJ HARVEY, TL SEIFERS, DL COX, TS SEARS, RG BEQUETTE, RK CURRAN, SP HATCHETT, JH CHUNG, OK WITT, MD TI REGISTRATION OF IKE WHEAT SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT GRAIN SCI & IND,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. US GRAIN MKT RES LAB,HARD WINTER WHEAT QUAL LAB,MANHATTAN,KS 66502. KANSAS EXP STN,SW RES EXT CTR,GARDEN CITY,KS 67846. RP MARTIN, TJ (reprint author), KANSAS AGR EXP STN,FT HAYS BRANCH,HAYS,KS 67601, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 285 EP 285 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000061 ER PT J AU MILLER, JF GULYA, TJ AF MILLER, JF GULYA, TJ TI REGISTRATION OF 4 MAINTAINER (HA-382 TO HA-385) AND 4 RESTORER (RHA-386 TO RHA-389) SUNFLOWER GERMPLASM LINES SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP MILLER, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,FARGO,ND 58105, USA. NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 286 EP 286 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000062 ER PT J AU PEADEN, RN EVANS, DW ELGIN, JH AF PEADEN, RN EVANS, DW ELGIN, JH TI REGISTRATION OF W12SR(2)W(1)FU(1) ALFALFA GERMPLASM SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,CTR IRRIGATED AGR RES & EXTENS,PROSSER,WA 99350. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,NPS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP PEADEN, RN (reprint author), USDA ARS,RR 2 BOX 2953A,PROSSER,WA 99350, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 287 EP 288 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000065 ER PT J AU TOWNSEND, CE AF TOWNSEND, CE TI REGISTRATION OF C-32 GERMPLASM OF CICER MILKVETCH SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP TOWNSEND, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,1701 CTR AVE,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 287 EP 287 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000064 ER PT J AU TOWNSEND, CE AF TOWNSEND, CE TI REGISTRATION OF C-28, C-29, C-30, AND C-31 ALFALFA GERMPLASMS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP TOWNSEND, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,1701 CTR AVE,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 288 EP 289 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000066 ER PT J AU LEWELLEN, RT AF LEWELLEN, RT TI REGISTRATION OF C859 GERMPLASM OF SUGAR-BEET RESISTANT TO RHIZOMANIA SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP LEWELLEN, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS,US AGR RES STN,SUGARBEET PROD RES UNIT,1636 E ALISAL ST,SALINAS,CA 93905, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 289 EP 290 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000068 ER PT J AU TOWNSEND, CE WANG, S TSUCHIYA, T AF TOWNSEND, CE WANG, S TSUCHIYA, T TI REGISTRATION OF C-25, C-26, AND C-27 ALFALFA GERMPLASMS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 SEEDEX INC,LONGMONT,CO 80501. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,FT COLLINS,CO 80501. RP TOWNSEND, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,1701 CTR AVE,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 289 EP 289 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000067 ER PT J AU RUPPEL, EG HECKER, RJ PANELLA, LW AF RUPPEL, EG HECKER, RJ PANELLA, LW TI REGISTRATION OF 2 SUGAR-BEET GERMPLASMS RESISTANT TO RHIZOCTONIA ROOT-ROT - FC715 AND FC715CMS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 290 EP 290 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000069 ER PT J AU PANELLA, LW RUPPEL, EG HECKER, RJ AF PANELLA, LW RUPPEL, EG HECKER, RJ TI REGISTRATION OF 4 MULTIGERM SUGAR-BEET GERMPLASMS RESISTANT TO RHIZOCTONIA ROOT-ROT - FC716, FC717, FC71S, AND FC719 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP PANELLA, LW (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPS RES LAB,1701 CTR AVE,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 291 EP 292 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000070 ER PT J AU KILEN, TC HARTWIG, EE AF KILEN, TC HARTWIG, EE TI REGISTRATION OF SOYBEAN GERMPLASM LINES RESISTANT TO STEM CANKER AND PHYTOPHTHORA ROT - D85-10404 AND D85-10412 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP KILEN, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS,POB 196,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 292 EP 292 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000071 ER PT J AU SEBESTA, EE WOOD, EA PORTER, DR WEBSTER, JA SMITH, EL AF SEBESTA, EE WOOD, EA PORTER, DR WEBSTER, JA SMITH, EL TI REGISTRATION OF AMIGO WHEAT GERMPLASM RESISTANT TO GREENBUG SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note ID CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; GENES C1 USDA ARS,STILLWATER,OK 74075. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,STILLWATER,OK 74078. NR 8 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 293 EP 293 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000073 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JW BUNTIN, GD CUNFER, BM ROBERTS, JJ BLAND, D AF JOHNSON, JW BUNTIN, GD CUNFER, BM ROBERTS, JJ BLAND, D TI REGISTRATION OF GA-HFR BARLEY GERMPLASM RESISTANT TO HESSIAN FLY SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ENTOMOL,GRIFFIN,GA 30223. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,GRIFFIN,GA 30223. UNIV GEORGIA,USDA ARS,GRIFFIN,GA 30223. RP JOHNSON, JW (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT AGRON,GRIFFIN,GA 30223, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000076 ER PT J AU MERKLE, OG HATCHETT, JH PORTER, DR WEBSTER, JA AF MERKLE, OG HATCHETT, JH PORTER, DR WEBSTER, JA TI REGISTRATION OF WHEAT GERMPLASM (PI-510693) RESISTANT TO HESSIAN FLY SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS,STILLWATER,OK 74075. KANSAS STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000075 ER PT J AU SEBESTA, EE SMITH, EL YOUNG, HC PORTER, R WEBSTER, JA AF SEBESTA, EE SMITH, EL YOUNG, HC PORTER, R WEBSTER, JA TI REGISTRATION OF TEEWON WHEAT GERMPLASM SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS,STILLWATER,OK 74075. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,STILLWATER,OK 74078. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,STILLWATER,OK 74078. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000074 ER PT J AU BARKER, RE RAY, IM BERDAHL, JD KARN, JF JACOBSON, ET HAAS, RJ AF BARKER, RE RAY, IM BERDAHL, JD KARN, JF JACOBSON, ET HAAS, RJ TI REGISTRATION OF ND-WWG931 AND ND-WWG932 WESTERN WHEATGRASS GERMPLASMS SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 USDA ARS,NO GREAT PLAINS RES LAB,MANDAN,ND 58554. USDA ARS,NATL FORAGE SEED PROD RES CTR,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. USDA SCS,LINCOLN,NE 68508. USDA SCS,BISMARCK,ND 58502. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 295 EP 296 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000078 ER PT J AU SMITH, RR QUESENBERRY, KH AF SMITH, RR QUESENBERRY, KH TI REGISTRATION OF NEWRC RED-CLOVER GERMPLASM SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Note C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT AGRON,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP SMITH, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,1925 LINDEN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 2 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA PZ540 UT WOS:A1995PZ54000077 ER PT B AU Buchleiter, GW AF Buchleiter, GW BE Pereira, LS vandenBroek, BJ Kabat, P Allen, RG TI Improved irrigation management under center pivots with SCHED SO CROP-WATER-SIMULATION MODELS IN PRACTICE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Workshop on Crop-Water-Models, at the 15th Congress of the International-Commission-on-Irrigation-and-Drainage (ICID) CY 1993 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP ICID DE irrigation scheduling; center pivot C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,AGR ENGN RES CTR,USDA ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN PERS, STICHTING PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 42, 6700AA WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-74134-26-2 PY 1995 BP 27 EP 47 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA BE36X UT WOS:A1995BE36X00003 ER PT B AU Smith, RE AF Smith, RE BE Pereira, LS vandenBroek, BJ Kabat, P Allen, RG TI Simulation of crop water balance with Opus SO CROP-WATER-SIMULATION MODELS IN PRACTICE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Workshop on Crop-Water-Models, at the 15th Congress of the International-Commission-on-Irrigation-and-Drainage (ICID) CY 1993 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP ICID DE soil-water; crop growth; water balance; hydrology C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,AGR ENGN RES CTR,USDA ARS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN PERS, STICHTING PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 42, 6700AA WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 90-74134-26-2 PY 1995 BP 215 EP 227 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA BE36X UT WOS:A1995BE36X00013 ER PT J AU HO, MC WHITEHEAD, MP CLEVELAND, TE DEAN, RA AF HO, MC WHITEHEAD, MP CLEVELAND, TE DEAN, RA TI SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS OF THE ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS PECTATE LYASE PELA GENE AND EVIDENCE FOR BINDING OF PROMOTER REGIONS TO CREA, A REGULATOR OF CARBON CATABOLITE REPRESSION SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE CARBON CATABOLITE REPRESSION; GEL MOBILITY SHIFT; PECTATE LYASE GENE ID POLYSACCHARIDE-DEGRADING ENZYMES; CULTURED SYCAMORE CELLS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GLUTAMATE-DEHYDROGENASE; CLEAVAGE SITES; PECTIN LYASE; EXPRESSION; PRODUCT; WALLS; ALCR AB The nucleic acid and deduced amino-acid sequences of the pectate lyase gene (pelA) from Aspergillus nidulans are presented. The pelA gene contains two short introns, 68 and 49 bp in length, and encodes a peptide of 326 amino acids. Five transcriptional start sites are clustered between 65 and 79 bp upstream of the start codon as determined by primer extension. Comparison of the aminoacid sequences of pectate or pectin lyases from bacteria, fungi and plants revealed less than 30% overall identity. However, five regions within these enzymes, in particular domains associated with the active site, are highly conserved with amino-acid similarities greater than 50%. Phylogenetic analysis using the principle of parsimony (PAUP 3.1.1) showed that pelA is most closely related to pectate lyases from plants rather than pectin lyases from other fungi. Previously, pelA was shown to be induced by polygalacturonic acid and repressed in the presence of preferred carbon sources, such as glucose. Gel mobility shift analysis indicates that a PstI-SphI fragment from the pelA promoter binds to a fusion protein composed of the N-terminal part of CREA, a protein involved in carbon catabolite repression, and glutathione-S-transferase. This result suggests CREA may contribute to the regulation of pelA expression. C1 CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL & PHYSIOL,CLEMSON,SC 29634. USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70170. NR 55 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 27 IS 2 BP 142 EP 149 DI 10.1007/BF00313428 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA PY463 UT WOS:A1995PY46300007 PM 7788717 ER PT J AU XIE, H HU, J KIRBYDOBBELS, K ALEXANDER, L ROHRER, G BEATTIE, C TROYER, D AF XIE, H HU, J KIRBYDOBBELS, K ALEXANDER, L ROHRER, G BEATTIE, C TROYER, D TI INTEGRATION OF THE PORCINE LINKAGE AND PHYSICAL MAPS BY FISH AND DISC-PCR SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT ANAT & PHYSIOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1995 VL 71 IS 4 BP 400 EP 400 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA TJ854 UT WOS:A1995TJ85400047 ER PT J AU SOLINASTOLDO, S MEZZELANI, A HAWKINS, GA BISHOP, MD OLSAKER, I MACKINLAY, A FERRETTI, L FRIES, R AF SOLINASTOLDO, S MEZZELANI, A HAWKINS, GA BISHOP, MD OLSAKER, I MACKINLAY, A FERRETTI, L FRIES, R TI COMBINED Q-BANDING AND FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BOVINE CHROMOSOME-1 TO CHROMOSOME-7 SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MOUSE X-CHROMOSOME; CATTLE; LYSOZYME; GENOME; GENES; LOCI; RNA AB Eleven probes were assigned to bovine chromosomes 1 to 7 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The identification of chromosomes was based on QFQ-banding prior to in situ hybridization and comparison with the Reading Conference (1976) and ISCNDA (1989) standards. The probes used for FISH can now be utilized as identification and discrimination features for bovine chromosomes 1 to 7 and particularly for chromosomes 4 and 6, which are difficult to distinguish. Comparison of our mapping data with previous assignments and of the standard chromosome banding patterns prompt us to propose a change in the ISCNDA nomenclature: ISCNDA chromosome 4 should be named chromosome 6 and vice versa. Chromosome 4 is marked by the ribosomal RNA cluster RNR3, and chromosome 6 is characterized by the casein gene cluster and an anonymous satellite (D6Z1). C1 ETH ZURICH,DEPT ANIM SCI,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. CNR,IST DIFESA & VALORIZZAZ GERMOPLASMA ANIM,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NORWEGIAN COLL VET MED,DEPT MORPHOL,DIV GENET,OSLO,NORWAY. UNIV NEW S WALES,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA. RI Ferretti, Luca/D-2337-2013; Mezzelani, Alessandra/B-3355-2014 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1995 VL 69 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1159/000133925 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA QF045 UT WOS:A1995QF04500001 PM 7835074 ER PT J AU VOLLBRECHT, E HAKE, S AF VOLLBRECHT, E HAKE, S TI DEFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF FEMALE GAMETOGENESIS IN MAIZE SO DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE MAIZE; EMBRYO SAC; DEFICIENCY PHENOTYPES; GENETIC REQUIREMENTS; MEGAGAMETO-GENESIS ID GENE ACTIVITY; MEGAGAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ZEA-MAYS; GAMETOPHYTE; PATTERN; POLLEN; CELL; EMBRYOGENESIS; REQUIREMENTS AB Plants produce female gametes through mitotic division in the multicellular, meiotically reduced (haploid) megagametophyte phase. In flowering plants, the megagametophyte is the embryo sac; female gametogenesis or megagametogenesis comprises the ontogeny of the embryo sac. As a step toward understanding the role of embryo sac-expressed genes in megagametogenesis, development of normal, haploid embryo sacs in maize was compared with development of embryo sacs deficient for various small, cytologically defined chromosomal regions. This analysis allowed us to screen 18% of the maize genome, including most of chromosome arms 1L and 3L, for phenotypes due specifically to deletion of essential, embryo sac-expressed genes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of whole developing embryo sacs confirmed that normal megagametogenesis in maize is of the highly stereotyped, bipolar Polygonum type common to most flowering plants examined to date. Deficiency embryo sac phenotypes were grouped into three classes, suggesting each deficient region contained one or more of at least three basic types of haploid-expressed gene functions. In the first group, three chromosome regions contained genes required for progression beyond early, free-nuclear stages of embryo sac development. Maintaining synchrony between events at the two poles of the embryo sac required genes located within two deficiencies. Finally, three chromosome regions harbored loci required for generation of normal cellular patterns typical of megagametogenesis. This analysis demonstrates that the embryo sac first requires postmeiotic gene expression at least as early as the first postmeiotic mitosis. Furthermore, our data show that a variety of distinct, genetically separable programs require embryo sac-expressed gene products during megagametogenesis, and suggest the nature of some of those developmental mechanisms. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. RP VOLLBRECHT, E (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PLANT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 59 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-253X J9 DEV GENET JI Dev. Genet. PY 1995 VL 16 IS 1 BP 44 EP 63 DI 10.1002/dvg.1020160109 PG 20 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA QH600 UT WOS:A1995QH60000007 ER PT J AU SMITH, LG JACKSON, D HAKE, S AF SMITH, LG JACKSON, D HAKE, S TI EXPRESSION OF KNOTTED1 MARKS SHOOT MERISTEM FORMATION DURING MAIZE EMBRYOGENESIS SO DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE KNOTTED1; EMBRYOGENESIS; SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM ID HOMEOBOX GENE; EMBRYO AB The formation of shoot and root meristems that ultimately give rise to all tissues of the plant body occurs for the first time during embryogenesis. Meristem formation has traditionally been defined in terms of the appearance of histological features of meristems; this approach has led to varying interpretations of the timing of meristem formation relative to other events in embryogenesis. Markers that would provide more objective criteria for the analysis of meristem formation have not been widely available. The maize homeobox gene, knotted(1) (kn1), is expressed in shoot meristems throughout postembryonic stages of shoot development. In order to determine whether this gene is expressed in the shoot meristem from its earliest inception, we examined the expression of kn1 in embryos at a series of stages by in situ hybridization to kn1 mRNA and immunolocalization of KN1 protein. Our results show that the onset of kn1 expression is temporally and spatially coincident With the earliest histologically recognizable signs of shoot meristem formation in the embryo, and thus provides a valuable marker for this process. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 17 TC 91 Z9 98 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-253X J9 DEV GENET JI Dev. Genet. PY 1995 VL 16 IS 4 BP 344 EP 348 DI 10.1002/dvg.1020160407 PG 5 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA RL777 UT WOS:A1995RL77700006 ER PT J AU VELASQUEZ, MT ABRAHAM, AA KIMMEL, PL FARKASSZALLASI, T MICHAELIS, OE AF VELASQUEZ, MT ABRAHAM, AA KIMMEL, PL FARKASSZALLASI, T MICHAELIS, OE TI DIABETIC GLOMERULOPATHY IN THE SHR/N-CORPULENT RAT - ROLE OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE IN A MODEL OF NIDDM SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE CARBOHYDRATE DIET; GLOMERULUS; MESANGIAL EXPANSION OBESITY; PROTEINURIA; SUCROSE; NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS ID NATURAL-HISTORY; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; CP RATS; MELLITUS; NEPHROPATHY; KIDNEY; DISEASE; ABNORMALITIES; PATHOGENESIS; HYPERTROPHY AB We evaluated the course of diabetes and nephropathy in the SHR/N-cp (corpulent) rat characterized by genetic obesity, non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and hypertension, and examined whether the nephropathy in this model is influenced by the type of carbohydrate intake. Two groups of obese and lean SHR/N-cp rats were fed diets containing 54% carbohydrate, as either sucrose or starch for 3 months (group I) and 9 months (group II). After 3 months on either diet, group I obese rats had higher 2-h response serum glucose levels and urinary glucose excretion than lean rats. Sucrose feeding was associated with greater proteinuria and a higher percentage of abnormal glomeruli in obese rats. Morphometric evaluation of glomeruli (by computerized image analysis) showed greater mean renal corpuscular Volume and mesangial fraction in obese than in lean rats fed similar diets. Mean renal corpuscular volume and mesangial fraction were also greater in sucrose-fed obese rats than in starch-fed obese rats. After 9 months, group II obese rats had substantial reductions in serum and urine glucose levels but they were still hyperinsulinaemic and showed more proteinuria than lean rats and a higher percentage of sclerotic glomeruli compared with group I obese rats. At this time, mean mesangial fraction but not renal corpuscular volume was still higher in obese than in lean rats. In group I obese rats, a significant correlation was found between mesangial fraction and urinary protein excretion (r = 0.67, p < 0.05). In group II obese rats, renal corpuscular volume was correlated with percentage of glomerular sclerosis (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). Thus, obese SHR/N-cp rats develop persistent proteinuria and glomerulopathy marked by glomerular enlargement, increased mesangial matrix, and progressive glomerular sclerosis. Sucrose feeding accentuates mesangial expansion and glomerulosclerosis in obese rats. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD. RP VELASQUEZ, MT (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL DIS & HYPERTENS,2150 PENNSYLVANIA AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20037, USA. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD JAN PY 1995 VL 38 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1007/BF02369350 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA QC109 UT WOS:A1995QC10900005 PM 7744227 ER PT J AU ELZAATARI, FAK NGUYEN, AMH GENTA, RM KLEIN, PD GRAHAM, DY AF ELZAATARI, FAK NGUYEN, AMH GENTA, RM KLEIN, PD GRAHAM, DY TI DETERMINATION OF HELICOBACTER-PYLORI STATUS BY REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION - COMPARISON WITH UREA BREATH TEST SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE HELICOBACTER PYLORI; RT-PCR; UREA BREATH TEST; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; DETECTION; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; AMPLIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; DNA; DIAGNOSIS; PROBE AB We previously reported the development and the possible application of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of H. pylori in gastric mucosal biopsy specimens. In this communication, the application of this assay was assessed by comparing its results from 79 gastric biopsy specimens obtained from 68 patients with the more traditional [C-13]urea breath test. When the amplified products were examined, the specificity and sensitivity of this RT-PCR assay were 100% and 47% on agarose gels and 80% and 91% by Southern hybridization, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of urea breath test were 91% and 96% and were generally superior to RT-PCR (negative predictive value of 94% for UBT and 59-76% for RT-PCR). Although our RT-PCR results compare favorably with other PCR assays applied to gastric biopsy specimens for the detection of H. pylori, the use of this method did not add significantly to currently available noninvasive diagnostic methods. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT MED,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT PATHOL,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT MICROBIOL,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT IMMUNOL,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP ELZAATARI, FAK (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DIS,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 39919] NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0163-2116 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 40 IS 1 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1007/BF02063952 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA QC388 UT WOS:A1995QC38800021 PM 7821096 ER PT J AU BEETHAM, JK GRANT, D ARAND, M GARBARINO, J KIYOSUE, T PINOT, F OESCH, F BELKNAP, WR SHINOZAKI, K HAMMOCK, BD AF BEETHAM, JK GRANT, D ARAND, M GARBARINO, J KIYOSUE, T PINOT, F OESCH, F BELKNAP, WR SHINOZAKI, K HAMMOCK, BD TI GENE EVOLUTION OF EPOXIDE HYDROLASES AND RECOMMENDED NOMENCLATURE SO DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2-HALOALKANOIC ACID DEHALOGENASE; SP STRAIN CBS3; HALOALKANE DEHALOGENASE; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; MOLECULAR-CLONING; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; P450 SUPERFAMILY; RAT-LIVER; SEQUENCE; EXPRESSION AB We have analyzed amino acid sequence relationships among soluble and microsomal epoxide hydrolases, haloacid dehalogenases, and a haloalkane dehalogenase. The amino-terminal residues (1-229) of mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase are homologous to a haloacid dehalogenase. The carboxy-terminal residues (230-554) of mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase are homologous to haloalkane dehalogenase, to plant soluble epoxide hydrolase, and to microsomal epoxide hydrolase. The shared identity between the haloacid and haloalkane dehalogenases does not indicate relatedness between these two types of dehalogenases. The amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal homologies of mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase to the respective dehalogenases suggests that this epoxide hydrolase, but not the soluble epoxide hydrolase of plant or the microsomal epoxide hydrolase, derives from a gene fusion, The homology of microsomal to soluble epoxide hydrolase suggests they derive from a gene duplication, probably of an ancestral bacterial (epoxide) hydrolase gene, Based on homology to haloalkane dehalogenase, the catalytic residues for the soluble and microsomal epoxide hydrolases are predicted, A nomenclature system based on divergent molecular evolution is proposed for these epoxide hydrolases. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ENTOMOL & ENVIRONM TOXICOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV MAINZ,INST TOXICOL,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. INST PHYS & CHEM RES,TSUKUBA LIFE SCI CTR,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Belknap, William/B-4500-2009; Arand, Michael/J-3926-2014 OI Arand, Michael/0000-0003-2413-3177 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES02710, ES05707]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM08343] NR 50 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1044-5498 J9 DNA CELL BIOL JI DNA Cell Biol. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 14 IS 1 BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1089/dna.1995.14.61 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA QD520 UT WOS:A1995QD52000007 PM 7832993 ER PT S AU Faust, M Liu, D Wang, SY Stutte, GW AF Faust, M Liu, D Wang, SY Stutte, GW BE Powell, LE Iwahori, S Couvillon, GA TI Involvement of apical dominance in winter dormancy of apple buds SO DORMANCY AND THE RELATED PROBLEMS OF DECIDUOUS FRUIT TREES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dormancy and the Related Problems of Deciduous Fruit Trees, at the XXIVth International Horticultural Congress CY AUG 21-27, 1994 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP Sci Council Japan, Japanese Soc Hort Sci, Int Soc Hort Sci DE magnetic resonance imaging; Malus domestica; lipids; thidiazuron AB Experiments were designed to differentiate between paradormancy and endodormancy in winter dormant apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) buds. Apple shoots were collected in October, and some decapitated and stored at 4 degrees C to satisfy their cold requirement. A low and a high chilling-requiring cultivar was used. Terminal buds required less chilling than did lateral buds when the terminal was intact. When terminal buds were removed, lateral buds required a similar amount of chilling as the terminal buds. Thidiazuron (TDZ) could trigger growth when about 2/3 of the chilling was satisfied. In 'Northern Spy', a high chilling-requiring cultivar, the uppermost lateral bud grew strongly and assumed the role of the removed terminal by inhibiting lateral growth below it. From our evidence and data available in the literature, we conclude that winter dormancy starts with paradormancy, continues with endodormancy and ends with paradormancy again. The requirements of low and high chilling-requiring cultivars are in both aspects of dormancy. High-chilling requiring cultivars appear to have a longer endodormant period and a stronger apical dormancy during the two paradormant periods. This view of dormancy will aid further research into the nature of endodormancy, which so far has eluded physiological explanation. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Faust, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-496-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 1995 IS 395 BP 47 EP 56 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BK26H UT WOS:000071637800004 ER PT S AU Faust, M Liu, D Line, MJ Stutte, GW AF Faust, M Liu, D Line, MJ Stutte, GW BE Powell, LE Iwahori, S Couvillon, GA TI Conversion of bound to free water in endodormant buds of apple is an incremental process SO DORMANCY AND THE RELATED PROBLEMS OF DECIDUOUS FRUIT TREES SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dormancy and the Related Problems of Deciduous Fruit Trees, at the XXIVth International Horticultural Congress CY AUG 21-27, 1994 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP Sci Council Japan, Japanese Soc Hort Sci, Int Soc Hort Sci DE magnetic resonance imaging; Malus domestica; apple; dormancy; chilling AB The amount of bound versus free water in vegetative buds of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) was estimated throughout the endodormant period by magnetic resonance imaging in the low chill-requiring cultivar,'Anna' and the high chill-requiring cultivar 'Northern Spy'. Proton density and T2 images were obtained and the number of voxels with T2 relaxation times between 15 and 25 milliseconds was determined. 'Anna' and 'Northern Spy' buds had limited water in this range before chilling exposure, indicating that most of the tissue water was in the bound state. During chilling the incidence of T2 times in the 15 to 25 ms range gradually increased to 82% in 'Anna' and 81% in 'Northern Spy' after chilling. However, this increase in the percentage of free water required 400 hours of chilling in 'Anna' buds, whereas those of 'Northern Spy' required 3000 h. The conversion of bound to free water was incremental during chilling. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Faust, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-496-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 1995 IS 395 BP 113 EP 118 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BK26H UT WOS:000071637800010 ER PT J AU HILL, DT RAPER, RL BURT, EC WAY, TR AF HILL, DT RAPER, RL BURT, EC WAY, TR TI ROOT-ZONE WATER-QUALITY AS AFFECTED BY INCORPORATION OF SHREDDED NEWSPRINT SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Note DE WATER QUALITY, WASTE UTILIZATION; RECYCLING; NUTRIENT LEACHING ID NITROGEN AB Experiments to examine the effects on root-zone water quality by deep trenching disposal of municipal shredded newsprint in agricultural production soils were conducted in Alabama, USA. Three treatments were examined during the study. In two treatments, a 25:1 carbon/nitrogen (C:N) ratio was examined by mixing poultry litter or liquid ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) with the shredded newsprint. The third treatment examined cellulose (125:1 C:N) only. The water quality data from two depths (0.6 and 1.2 m) adjacent to the trenches (within 5 cm) and from a no trench area (> 1.5 m from the trenches) suggest that there is no leaching of P and K. Nitrogen, as measured by total Kjeldahl (TKN) and nitrate (NO3-), showed mobility next to the trenches. Nitrate movement below the 1.2 m depth occurred using cellulose only. The poultry litter/cellulose mixture showed little NO3--N vertical movement and the NH4NO3/cellulose mixture showed some NO3--N movement next to the trenches. C1 USDA ARS,NATL SOIL DYNAM LAB,AUBURN,AL. RP HILL, DT (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV,ALABAMA AGR EXPT STN,DEPT AGR ENGN,AUBURN,AL 36849, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 4 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/0925-8574(94)00049-B PG 8 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA QB336 UT WOS:A1995QB33600005 ER PT J AU MURDOCH, WW LUCK, RF SWARBRICK, SL WALDE, S YU, DS REEVE, JD AF MURDOCH, WW LUCK, RF SWARBRICK, SL WALDE, S YU, DS REEVE, JD TI REGULATION OF AN INSECT POPULATION UNDER BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE APHYTIS; HOSTFEEDING; PARASITOIDS; POPULATION REGULATION; RED SCALE; REFUGE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; STABILITY ID CALIFORNIA RED SCALE; APHYTIS-MELINUS DEBACH; HOST SIZE; STABILITY; LINGNANENSIS; HYMENOPTERA; COMPETITION; PARASITOIDS; DIASPIDIDAE; APHELINIDAE AB California red scale is suppressed to very low densities by the parasitoid Aphytis melinus. The system also appears stable. We report on an experimental test of the hypothesis that stability is caused by a refuge for scale. In a grapefruit grove in southern California in 1984-1985, the bark in the interior part of the tree provided a partial refuge from parasitism. Scale were approximate to 100 times denser there than in the exterior of trees. In a field experiment, we removed Argentine ants from some blocks of trees to test whether (1) ants caused the refuge by interfering with Aphytis and (2) the expected reduction in scale density in the refuge would lead to an unstable interaction in the exterior. We also tested for density-dependent parasitism, host mutilation, and predation by analyzing data from samples and from scale placed in the field. The temporal variability of the scale was at the low end of the range recorded in field populations. The experiment provided some evidence in support of the refuge hypothesis. The population in the refuge fluctuated much less than that in the exterior. Ant exclusion led to increased parasitism and lower scale density in the interior, and to increased fluctuations in abundance in the refuge and exterior. However, these changes were relatively small and perhaps temporary, suggesting that (1) ants are not the main cause of the refuge and that (2) we did not reduce the refuge density enough to determine whether the system would go unstable in the absence of the refuge population. Parasitism, host mutilation, and predation rates on scale showed no temporal density dependence, either direct or delayed, though detection of such patterns is difficult. Possible alternative stabilizing mechanisms include size-dependent interactions between red scale and Aphytis. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT ENTOMOL,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. DALHOUSIE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,HALIFAX,NS B3H 4J1,CANADA. AGR CANADA,RES STN,LETHBRIDGE,AB T1J 4B1,CANADA. SO FOREST EXPT STN,FOREST INSECT RES,PINEVILLE,LA 71360. RP MURDOCH, WW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT BIOL SCI,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. NR 33 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 8 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI TEMPE PA ARIZONA STATE UNIV CENTER ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TEMPE, AZ 85287 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 1995 VL 76 IS 1 BP 206 EP 217 DI 10.2307/1940642 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QC872 UT WOS:A1995QC87200017 ER PT J AU SIRMON, JM AF SIRMON, JM BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Keynote address: International cooperation in a global environment SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,INT FORESTRY,WASHINGTON,DC 20090. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 3 EP 5 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00001 ER PT B AU SCHMIDT, WC AF SCHMIDT, WC BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Around the world with Larix: An introduction SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,USDA,FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 6 EP 18 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00002 ER PT B AU ARNO, SF WORRALL, J CARLSON, CE AF ARNO, SF WORRALL, J CARLSON, CE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Larix lyallii: Colonist of tree-line and talus sites SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,INTERMT FIRE SCI LAB,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 72 EP 78 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00011 ER PT J AU REHFELDT, GE AF REHFELDT, GE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Domestication and conservation of genetic variability in western larch SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,MOSCOW,ID 83843. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 91 EP 96 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00014 ER PT B AU CARLSON, CE BYLER, JW DEWEY, JE AF CARLSON, CE BYLER, JW DEWEY, JE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Western larch: Pest-tolerant conifer of the Northern Rocky Mountains SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 123 EP 129 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00018 ER PT B AU ARNO, SF FISCHER, WC AF ARNO, SF FISCHER, WC BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Larix occidentalis - Fire ecology and fire management SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,INTERMT FIRE SCI LAB,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 130 EP 135 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00019 ER PT J AU LOSENSKY, BJ AF LOSENSKY, BJ BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Spatial and temporal relationships in Larix forests SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,ECOSYST MANAGEMENT TASK FORCE,MISSOULA,MT 59801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 136 EP 143 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00020 ER PT J AU CONNER, RC OBRIEN, RA AF CONNER, RC OBRIEN, RA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Distribution and volume of larch forests in the Western United States SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,SE FOREST EXPT STN,FOREST INVENTORY & ANAL WORK UNIT,ASHEVILLE,NC 28802. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00021 ER PT J AU BLOCKER, L AF BLOCKER, L BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Aesthetics of larch forests SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 151 EP 152 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00022 ER PT J AU DANIELS, OL AF DANIELS, OL BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Ownership patterns SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,FT MISSOULA,MT 59801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 153 EP 154 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00023 ER PT J AU GOHEEN, DJ TKACZ, BM AF GOHEEN, DJ TKACZ, BM BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Pest risks associated with importation of unprocessed larch logs from Siberia and the Russian far east to the United States SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,SW OREGON FOREST INSECT & DIS TECH CTR,CENT POINT,OR 97502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 162 EP 165 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00026 ER PT B AU SHEARER, RC SCHMIDT, JA AF SHEARER, RC SCHMIDT, JA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Natural regeneration after harvest and residue treatment in a western larch forest of northwestern Montana, USA SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 169 EP 169 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00027 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, RT HARVEY, AE JURGENSEN, MF PAGEDUMROESE, DS TONN, JR JAIN, TB AF GRAHAM, RT HARVEY, AE JURGENSEN, MF PAGEDUMROESE, DS TONN, JR JAIN, TB BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Response of western larch to site preparation SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,MOSCOW,ID. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 185 EP 191 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00031 ER PT J AU GRAHAM, RT TONN, JR JAIN, TB AF GRAHAM, RT TONN, JR JAIN, TB BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Cone and seed production of western larch in response to girdling and nitrogen fertilization - An update SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,MOSCOW,ID 83843. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 204 EP 208 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00034 ER PT J AU HALL, FC AF HALL, FC BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Stockability of western larch and implications for management SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,PORTLAND,OR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 234 EP 239 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00040 ER PT B AU SCHMIDT, WC MCCAUGHEY, WW SCHMIDT, JA AF SCHMIDT, WC MCCAUGHEY, WW SCHMIDT, JA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Western larch growth and perturbations in stands regulated for 30 years SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 281 EP 281 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00047 ER PT J AU COCHRAN, PH SEIDEL, KW AF COCHRAN, PH SEIDEL, KW BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Growth of western larch under controlled levels of stocking SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,BEND,OR 97701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 285 EP 292 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00049 ER PT J AU JAMES, RL DUMROESE, RK WENNY, DL AF JAMES, RL DUMROESE, RK WENNY, DL BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Management of fungal diseases of western larch seed and seedlings SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,COEUR DALENE,ID. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 300 EP 306 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00051 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, JE AF TAYLOR, JE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Western larch dwarf mistletoe and ecosystem management SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,MISSOULA,MT. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 310 EP 313 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00053 ER PT B AU TONN, JR JURGENSEN, MF GRAHAM, RT HARVEY, AE AF TONN, JR JURGENSEN, MF GRAHAM, RT HARVEY, AE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Nitrogen-fixing processes in western larch ecosystems SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FOREST SCI LAB,MOSCOW,ID 83343. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 327 EP 333 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00057 ER PT J AU PAGEDUMROESE, D HARVEY, A JURGENSEN, M GRAHAM, R AF PAGEDUMROESE, D HARVEY, A JURGENSEN, M GRAHAM, R BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Ectomycorrhizal relationships in western larch ecosystems SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,MOSCOW,ID 83843. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 342 EP 348 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00059 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, WC FIEDLER, CE MCCAUGHEY, WW AF SCHMIDT, WC FIEDLER, CE MCCAUGHEY, WW BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Vegetation responses to silviculture and weedy residue treatments in a western larch forest SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 375 EP 375 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00064 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, WC SCHMIDT, JA AF SCHMIDT, WC SCHMIDT, JA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Silvicultural treatments influence water use in western larch forests SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 377 EP 377 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00066 ER PT J AU CARLSON, CE BALLINGER, D AF CARLSON, CE BALLINGER, D BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Germination, growth, and mortality of alpine larch, western larch, and their reciprocal hybrids: Preliminary observations SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,FORESTRY SCI LAB,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 408 EP 411 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00073 ER PT J AU ARNO, SF AF ARNO, SF BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI The distinctive distribution of Alpine larch: Clear patterns and enigmas SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT FIRE SCI LAB,INTERMT RES STN,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 469 EP 472 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00083 ER PT J AU CARLSON, CE AF CARLSON, CE BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Natural hybrids of western and alpine larch SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,INTERMT RES STN,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 473 EP 474 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00085 ER PT J AU CHEW, JD REINHARDT, ED AF CHEW, JD REINHARDT, ED BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Knowledge-based systems for Larix forests SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,SUBALPINE SILVICULTURE RES WORK UNIT,INTERMT RES STN,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 476 EP 477 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00087 ER PT J AU COLE, DM SCHMIDT, JA AF COLE, DM SCHMIDT, JA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Can western larch plantations survive and crow on the east slope of the Montana Rockies? SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,BOZEMAN,MT. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 477 EP 478 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00088 ER PT J AU DANIELSON, J RILEY, L AF DANIELSON, J RILEY, L BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Western larch containerized seed orchards: Adapting a concept to meet the production seed needs of the Pacific northwest SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,UMPQUA NATL FOREST,DORENA TREE IMPROVEMENT CTR,COTTAGE GROVE,OR 97424. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 478 EP 481 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00089 ER PT J AU EVENDEN, AG AF EVENDEN, AG BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Larix lyallii and Larix occidentalis within USDA Forest Service Research Natural Areas SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 483 EP 485 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00091 ER PT J AU MCCAUGHEY, WW SCHMIDT, WC SCHMIDT, JA AF MCCAUGHEY, WW SCHMIDT, WC SCHMIDT, JA BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Effect of 20 years of regulated stand densities on role form of young western larch SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 MONTANA STATE UNIV,US FOREST SERV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,INTERMT RES STN,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 492 EP 495 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00095 ER PT J AU STEINFELD, D FEIGNER, S AF STEINFELD, D FEIGNER, S BE Schmidt, WC McDonald, KJ TI Culturing 1-0 western larch seedlings at J Herbert Stone Nursery SO ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF LARIX FORESTS: A LOOK AHEAD: PROCEEDINGS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT INTERMOUNTAIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ecology and Management of Larix Forests - A Look Ahead CY OCT 05-09, 1992 CL WHITEFISH, MT SP USDA, Forest Serv, NO Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg, USDA, Forest Serv, Intermountain Res Stn, US Dept Interior, Natl Pk Serv, Univ Montana, Brit Columbia Minist Forests, Canadian Inst Forestry, Forestry Canada, Assoc Brit Columbia Profess Foresters, Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org C1 US FOREST SERV,CENT POINT,OR 97502. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV INTERMOUNTARIN RESEARCH STN PI OGDEN PA FEDERAL BLDG, 324 25TH ST, OGDEN, UT 84401 J9 USDA INTERM PY 1995 VL 319 BP 501 EP 502 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD66A UT WOS:A1995BD66A00100 ER PT B AU KINIRY, JR WILLIAMS, JR AF KINIRY, JR WILLIAMS, JR BE Sinoquet, H Cruz, P TI SIMULATING INTERCROPPING WITH THE ALMANAC MODEL SO ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF TROPICAL INTERCROPPING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Meeting on the Ecophysiology of Tropical Intercropping CY DEC 06-10, 1993 CL GOSIER, GUADELOUPE SP Conseil Reg Guadeloupe C1 USDA ARS,TEMPLE,TX 76502. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 2-7380-0603-5 PY 1995 BP 387 EP 396 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD33G UT WOS:A1995BD33G00029 ER PT J AU Thomas, JW AF Thomas, JW BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Implementation of ecosystem management SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00001 ER PT J AU Haynes, RW Quigley, TM AF Haynes, RW Quigley, TM BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Socio-economic issues related to interior ecosystems SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources DE forest economics; timber supply demand; economics of forest management C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,USDA,PORTLAND FORESTRY SCI LAB,PORTLAND,OR 97208. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 57 EP 64 PG 8 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00009 ER PT B AU Lehmkuhl, JF Hessburg, PF Ottmar, RD Huff, MH Everett, RL Alvarado, E Vihnanek, RE AF Lehmkuhl, JF Hessburg, PF Ottmar, RD Huff, MH Everett, RL Alvarado, E Vihnanek, RE BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Assessment of terrestrial ecosystems in eastern Oregon and Washington: The eastside forest ecosystem health assessment SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources DE landscape characterization; insect and disease hazards; fire behavior; air quality; range of variability; ecosystem health C1 USDA ARS,PACIFIC NW RES STN,WENATCHEE,WA 98801. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 87 EP 99 PG 13 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00013 ER PT J AU Sedell, J Reeves, G AF Sedell, J Reeves, G BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Assessment of aquatic ecosystems in eastern Oregon and Washington: The eastside assessment report SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,USDA,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 101 EP 102 PG 2 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00014 ER PT J AU Blackwood, JD Quigley, TM AF Blackwood, JD Quigley, TM BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Eastside ecosystem management project SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources C1 US FOREST SERV,UMATILLA NATL FOREST,PENDLETON,OR 97801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 161 EP 162 PG 2 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00021 ER PT B AU Harvey, AE Hessburg, PF Byler, JW McDonald, GI Weatherby, JC Wickman, BE AF Harvey, AE Hessburg, PF Byler, JW McDonald, GI Weatherby, JC Wickman, BE BE Everett, RL Baumgartner, DM TI Health declines in western interior forests: Symptoms and solutions SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN WESTERN INTERIOR FORESTS, SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Ecosystem Management in Western Interior Forest Symposium CY MAY 03-05, 1994 CL SPOKANE, WA SP Consortium Sustainable Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Expt Stn, Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Cooperat Extens, Ctr Sustaini, ng Agr & Nat Resources DE pest management; pathogens; insects; historical range of variability C1 US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,MOSCOW,ID 83843. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY DEPT NATURAL RESOURCES SCI PI PULLMAN PA 131 JOHNSON HALL WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, PULLMAN, WA 99164-6410 PY 1995 BP 163 EP 170 PG 8 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BF68Z UT WOS:A1995BF68Z00022 ER PT J AU Thomas, JW AF Thomas, JW BE Wagner, FH TI USDA forest service directions SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM SE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES (NREI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ecosystem Management of Natural Resources in the Intermountain West CY APR 20-22, 1994 CL UTAH STATE UNIV, ECCLES CONF CTR, LOGAN, UT SP Utah State Univ, Utah Dept Nat Resources, USDA, Anim Plant & Hlth Inspect Serv, Anim Damage Control, US EPA, Environm Monitoring Syst Lab, Las Vegas, USDA Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg IV, Soc Amer Foresters, Intermountain Sect, USDI Bur Land Management, Land & Renewable Resources, US Dept Interior, Natl Biol Survey, USDI Fish & Wildlife Serv, Off Assistant Direct Refuges & Wildlife, US Dept Def, Off Deputy Secretary Def Environm Secur, USDI Natl Pk Serv, Off Director, SJ & Jessie E Quinney Fdn, State Utah Military Dept, USDI Bur Reclamat, Upper Colorado Reg, USDA Soil Conservat Serv, Utah Off HO UTAH STATE UNIV, ECCLES CONF CTR C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20090. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UTAH STATE UNIV, COLL NATURAL RESOURCES PI LOGAN PA S J & JESSIE E QUINNEY NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH LIBRARY, LOGAN, UT 84322-5200 SN 1069-5370 J9 NAT RESOUR ENV ISS PY 1995 VL 5 BP 86 EP 90 PG 5 WC Ecology; Forestry; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Geography GA BE72J UT WOS:A1995BE72J00015 ER PT J AU Risbrudt, CD AF Risbrudt, CD BE Wagner, FH TI Ecosystem management: A framework for management of our national forests SO ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST, PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM SE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES (NREI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Ecosystem Management of Natural Resources in the Intermountain West CY APR 20-22, 1994 CL UTAH STATE UNIV, ECCLES CONF CTR, LOGAN, UT SP Utah State Univ, Utah Dept Nat Resources, USDA, Anim Plant & Hlth Inspect Serv, Anim Damage Control, US EPA, Environm Monitoring Syst Lab, Las Vegas, USDA Forest Serv, Intermountain Reg IV, Soc Amer Foresters, Intermountain Sect, USDI Bur Land Management, Land & Renewable Resources, US Dept Interior, Natl Biol Survey, USDI Fish & Wildlife Serv, Off Assistant Direct Refuges & Wildlife, US Dept Def, Off Deputy Secretary Def Environm Secur, USDI Natl Pk Serv, Off Director, SJ & Jessie E Quinney Fdn, State Utah Military Dept, USDI Bur Reclamat, Upper Colorado Reg, USDA Soil Conservat Serv, Utah Off HO UTAH STATE UNIV, ECCLES CONF CTR C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,MISSOULA,MT 59807. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UTAH STATE UNIV, COLL NATURAL RESOURCES PI LOGAN PA S J & JESSIE E QUINNEY NATURAL RESOURCES RESEARCH LIBRARY, LOGAN, UT 84322-5200 SN 1069-5370 J9 NAT RESOUR ENV ISS PY 1995 VL 5 BP 91 EP 96 PG 6 WC Ecology; Forestry; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Geography GA BE72J UT WOS:A1995BE72J00016 ER PT S AU Lane, LJ Nichols, MH Simanton, JR AF Lane, LJ Nichols, MH Simanton, JR BE Osterkamp, WR TI Spatial variability of cover affecting erosion and sediment yield in overland flow SO EFFECTS OF SCALE ON INTERPRETATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SEDIMENT AND WATER QUALITY SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Effects of Scale on Interpretation and Management of Sediment and Water Quality, at the XXI Assembly of the International-Union-of-Geodesy-and-Geophysics CY JUL, 1995 CL BOULDER, CO SP Int Union Geodesy & Geophys, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Int Commiss Continental Erosion, Int Assoc Hydrol Sci, Int Commiss Water Qual, World Meteorol Org C1 USDA,ARS,SW WATERSHED RES CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85719. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0144-7815 BN 0-947571-34-5 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1995 IS 226 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA BF19E UT WOS:A1995BF19E00018 ER PT J AU HUESTON, W AF HUESTON, W TI DXMONITOR - COMPILING VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY RESULTS SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA,APHIS,CTR ANIM HLTH VET SERV,FT COLLINS,CO. RP HUESTON, W (reprint author), USDA,APHIS,CTR EPIDEMIOL,FT COLLINS,CO 80521, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN-MAR PY 1995 VL 1 IS 1 BP 36 EP 36 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA TD316 UT WOS:A1995TD31600010 PM 8964055 ER PT J AU FUNSTON, RN MOSS, GE ROBERTS, AJ AF FUNSTON, RN MOSS, GE ROBERTS, AJ TI INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR-I (IGF-I) AND IGF-BINDING PROTEINS IN BOVINE SERA AND PITUITARIES AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE ESTROUS-CYCLE SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK; FACTOR SYSTEM; BEEF-COWS; EXPRESSION; SECRETION; CELLS; PROLIFERATION; HYPOTHALAMUS; SOMATOSTATIN; ENDOMETRIUM AB The objective of this study was to determine whether concentrations of hypophyseal and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and binding activities of serum and hypophyseal IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) differ with stage of the estrous cycle in mature beef cows. Cows were assigned to the following Stages of the estrous cycle based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P-4,) and ovarian structures at death: days 1-5 (day 0 = estrus; n = 18), days 6-10 (n = 24), days 11-16 (n = 39), and days 17-21 (n = 7). Serum samples collected at death and anterior pituitary homogenates were analyzed for IGF-I, LH, and FSH by RIA. Serum and pituitary IGFBPs were evaluated by ligand and immunoblot analyses. Serum samples contained IGFBP activity at 44 and 40 kilodaltons (kDa; IGFBP-S), 34 kDa (IGFBP-2), 30 kDa (IGFBP-5), 28 kDa, and 24 kDa. The intensity of binding by the different sized proteins in serum remained constant throughout the estrous cycle. IGFBPs detected in anterior pituitaries included a 36-/40-kDa doublet (IGFBP-3), a 32-kDa protein (IGFBP-2), and a 29-kDa IGFBP (IGFBP-5). The intensity of [I-125]IGF-I binding to IGFBPs was greater (P < 0.05) during days 11-16 than days 1-5 or days 6-10 of the estrous cycle and was intermediate (P > 0.05) during days 17-21. Serum concentrations of LH were low(<0.4 ng/ml) during days 1-16 of the estrous cycle, but increased (P < 0.05) approximately 3- to 4-fold during days 17-21. LH concentrations in the anterior pituitary increased (P < 0.05) from the postovulatory period (548 +/- 52 mu g/g; days 1-5) to the late luteal phase (791 +/- 39 mu g/g; days 11-16) and were intermediate (P > 0.05) during the preovulatory phase (707 +/- 85 mu g/g; days 17-21). Concentrations of IGF-I and FSH in the anterior pituitary and serum did not differ (P > 0.05) by stage of the estrous cycle. A positive correlation among the different IGFBPs in the pituitary (P < 0.01) and between each pituitary IGFBP and serum P-4 (P < 0.05) existed. The significance (P < 0.0002) of the correlation between pituitary IGFBP-3 and P-4 was greater (P < 0.02) than that between the other pituitary IGFBPs and P-4. In summary, IGFBP activity in the anterior pituitary, but not that in serum, changed with stage of the estrous cycle in association with serum concentrations of P-4. The absence of similar changes in serum or anterior pituitary concentrations of IGF-I supports the hypothesis that IGFBPs may regulate the actions of IGF-I on gonadotropin release from the anterior pituitary gland during the estrous cycle of beef cattle. C1 USDA ARS, ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR, CLAY CTR, NE 68933 USA. UNIV WYOMING, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JAN PY 1995 VL 136 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1210/en.136.1.62 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA QD584 UT WOS:A1995QD58400010 PM 7530196 ER PT J AU URI, ND AF URI, ND TI A RECONSIDERATION OF EFFECT OF ENERGY SCARCITY ON ECONOMIC-GROWTH SO ENERGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-RESOURCE SCARCITY; TIME-SERIES REGRESSION; UNIT-ROOT; COINTEGRATION; DEMAND AB This analysis is concerned with the effect of energy scarcity on economic growth in the U.S. After defining the notion of scarcity and introducing measures of scarcity (unit costs and relative energy price), changes in the trend in resource scarcity for NG, bituminous coal, anthracite coal, and crude oil over the most recent three decades are investigated. Each of the energy resources became a significantly scarcer resource during the decade of the 1970s in the Malthusian Stock Scarcity and Malthusian Flow Scarcity sense. Unit costs exhibit a similar change for NG and crude oil but not for bituminous and anthracte coals. The situation reversed itself during the 1980s. NG, bituminous and anthracite coals, and crude oil all became significantly less scarce resources during the decade of the 1980s than they had been during the 1970s, i.e. the increase in scarcity as measured by relative energy prices observed during the decade of the 1970s was not reversed completely during the 1980s for NG and crude oil. Unit costs for NG and crude oil demonstrate similar patterns. Given that change has taken place, it has implications for future economic growth to the extent resource scarcity and economic growth are interrelated. To see whether this is a relevant concern, subsequent to the examination of changing resource scarcity trends, an objective effort is made to identify a long run equilibrium relationship between energy scarcity and economic growth. Relying on cointegration techniques, only for crude oil is there a suggestion that resource scarcity has affected economic growth in the U.S. over the period 1889-1992. RP URI, ND (reprint author), USDA,DIV NAT RESOURCES & ENVIRONM,ECON RERS SERV,1301 NEW YORK AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20005, USA. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD JAN PY 1995 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(94)00053-6 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA QA029 UT WOS:A1995QA02900001 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, JP MYERS, GE CLEMONS, CM ENGLISH, BW AF SCHNEIDER, JP MYERS, GE CLEMONS, CM ENGLISH, BW TI BIOFIBRES AS REINFORCING FILLERS IN THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES SO ENGINEERING PLASTICS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FLOUR; POLYPROPYLENE RP SCHNEIDER, JP (reprint author), USDA,FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPRA TECHNOLOGY LTD PI SHREWSBURY PA MR P CANTRILL, SHAWBURY, SHREWSBURY, SHROPS, ENGLAND SY4 4NR SN 0952-6900 J9 ENG PLAST JI Eng. Plast. PY 1995 VL 8 IS 3 BP 207 EP 222 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RQ431 UT WOS:A1995RQ43100004 ER PT J AU GORDON, RD VANDENBERG, N AF GORDON, RD VANDENBERG, N TI LARVAL SYSTEMATICS OF NORTH-AMERICAN COCCINELLA L (COLEOPTERA, COCCINELLIDAE) SO ENTOMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article AB Fourth instar larvae of 10 of the 12 species of Coccinella L. occurring in North America are discussed and keyed. Two of the species, Coccinella hieroglyphica L. and C. undecimpunctata L., are included in the key based on published descriptions. Larvae of C. alta Brown and C. fulgida Watson were not available. Coccinella johnsoni Casey is again placed as a junior synonym of C. californica Mannerheim. RP GORDON, RD (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,USDA ARS,PSI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SCANDINAVICA PI LUND PA DEPT OF SYST ZOOL HELGOVAVAGEN 3, S-223 62 LUND, SWEDEN SN 0013-8711 J9 ENTOMOL SCAND JI Entomol. Scand. PY 1995 VL 26 IS 1 BP 67 EP 86 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QW381 UT WOS:A1995QW38100005 ER PT J AU Jones, WA Wolfenbarger, DA Kirk, AA AF Jones, WA Wolfenbarger, DA Kirk, AA TI Response of adult parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci (Hom: Aleyrodidae) to leaf residues of selected cotton insecticides SO ENTOMOPHAGA LA English DT Article DE biological control; Encarsia; Eretmocerus; Aphelinidae; insecticide resistance; parasitoid ID WHITEFLY HOMOPTERA; ENCARSIA-FORMOSA; NATURAL ENEMIES; APHELINIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; BUPROFEZIN; PESTICIDES; RESISTANCE; APHYTIS AB The contact toxicity of eight insecticides to adults of four parasitoids of the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci was evaluated in the laboratory. Two common Texas species, Eretmocerus sp. and Encarsia pergandiella Howard, and two exotic species, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet from Spain and Encarsia formosa Gahan from Greece were tested. Insecticides, applied as sprays to greenhouse-grown cotton plants at recommended rates were amitraz (Ovasyn(R)), azinphosmethyl (Guthion(R)), bifenthrin (Capture(R)), buprofezin (Applaud(R)), cypermethrin (Ammo(R)), methyl parathion and thiodicarb (Larvin(R)), with a water control. Parasitoid adults were confined on discs cut from leaves (1) sprayed the same day and (2) sprayed two days previously. Survival in both treatments was measured two and four days following exposure. Significant differences in toxicity were detected among the insecticides. Buprofezin was not toxic to any of the four parasitoids. When caged on leaves sprayed two days previously, only amitraz of the remaining compounds allowed significant general parasitoid survival after two days. E. mundus exhibited the greatest overall tolerance to insecticides, with 40 % or more surviving 48 hr after confinement on leaves sprayed with amitraz, thiodicarb and cypermethrin. Survival was generally much reduced after 96 hr. In a separate test, fresh residues of endosulfan (Thiodan(R)) were highly toxic at the two rates tested, but two day old residues at the lower rate allowed 76.7 % survival of E. mundus and 35 % survival of E. pergandiella after 48 hrs. C1 USDA ARS,CROP INSECTS RES UNIT,SUBTROP AGR RES LAB,WESLACO,TX 78596. USDA ARS,EUROPEAN BIOL CONTROL LAB,F-34397 MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. RP Jones, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS,BIOL CONTROL PEST RES UNIT,SUBTROP AGR RES LAB,2413 E HWY 83,WESLACO,TX 78596, USA. NR 41 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAVOISIER ABONNEMENTS PI PARIS 08 PA 11 RUE LAVOISIER, F-75384 PARIS 08, FRANCE SN 0013-8959 J9 ENTOMOPHAGA JI Entomophaga PY 1995 VL 40 IS 2 BP 153 EP 162 DI 10.1007/BF02373064 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UX465 UT WOS:A1995UX46500003 ER PT J AU Wieber, AM Webb, RE Ridgway, RL Thorpe, KW Reardon, RC KolodnyHirsch, DM Tatman, KM AF Wieber, AM Webb, RE Ridgway, RL Thorpe, KW Reardon, RC KolodnyHirsch, DM Tatman, KM TI Effect of seasonal placement of Cotesia melanoscela (Hym: Braconidae) on its potential for effective augmentative release against Lymantria dispar (Lep: Lymantriidae) SO ENTOMOPHAGA LA English DT Article DE parasitoid; hyperparasitoid; predation; gypsy moth; mass-release; parasitoid-augmentation ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; APANTELES-MELANOSCELUS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; HYMENOPTERA; HOST; MORTALITY; PARASITE; IMPACT AB Cohorts of Cotesia melanoscela (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) cocoons were exposed in the held at three Maryland locations to attack by natural enemies for two week periods, then were held in an outdoor insectary until C. melanoscela adult or hyperparasitoid emergence. The timing of placement of the C. melanoscela cocoons in the field had a profound effect on the number of C. melanoscela that survived and emerged as adults in synchrony with the field occurence of susceptible early-instar Lymantria dispar (L.) larvae. The proportion of emerged adults available during susceptible host stages ranged from 1-92 %, depending on dates of release. November or December placements of C. melanoscela cocoons were most effective with 74-92 % emergence of adults during peak periods of susceptible host stages. Spring placements were least effective. The causes of ineffective placement, which varied with location and with date, were program (handling) loss, non-emergence, attack by hyperparasitoids, predation, and C. melanoscela adult emergence at times when appropriate L. dispar life stages would not be present. We concluded that November/December releases avoided natural enemies and promoted appropriate diapause and post-diapause development that enhanced survival and synchrony of adult emergence with host stage susceptibility. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA,FOREST SERV,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505. RP Wieber, AM (reprint author), DEPT AGR,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21401, USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAVOISIER ABONNEMENTS PI PARIS 08 PA 11 RUE LAVOISIER, F-75384 PARIS 08, FRANCE SN 0013-8959 J9 ENTOMOPHAGA JI Entomophaga PY 1995 VL 40 IS 2 BP 281 EP 292 DI 10.1007/BF02373074 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UX465 UT WOS:A1995UX46500013 ER PT B AU BURKE, JJ AF BURKE, JJ BE Smirnoff, N TI ENZYME ADAPTATION TO TEMPERATURE SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANT METABOLISM: FLEXIBILITY AND ACCLIMATION SE ENVIRONMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium of the Plant-Metabolism-Group on Environment and Plant Metabolism - Flexibility and Acclimation, at the Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Experimental-Biology CY APR, 1994 CL UNIV WALES, SWANSEA, WALES SP SOC EXPTL BIOL, PLANT METABOLISM GRP HO UNIV WALES RP BURKE, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST RES LAB,LUBBOCK,TX 79401, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOS SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS LTD PI OXFORD PA 9 NEWTEC PLACE MAGDALEN ROAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX4 1RE BN 1-872748-93-7 J9 ENV PLANT B PY 1995 BP 63 EP 78 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC97B UT WOS:A1995BC97B00005 ER PT J AU WAN, CG SOSEBEE, RE MCMICHAEL, BL AF WAN, CG SOSEBEE, RE MCMICHAEL, BL TI WATER ACQUISITION AND ROOTING CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN-POPULATIONS OF GUTIERREZIA-SAROTHRAE SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE BROOM SNAKEWEED; ECOTYPE; ROOT GROWTH; DROUGHT; DESERT SHRUB; WATER USE ID DRYAS-OCTOPETALA ECOTYPES; EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; TUSSOCK GRASSES; HYDRAULIC LIFT; DEEP ROOTS; SOIL; GROWTH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EXTRACTION AB Seeds from northern (Idaho) and southern (New Mexico and Texas) populations of broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) were germinated in a greenhouse and the seedlings grown in a soil mixture in 30-cm deep (19-1) plastic pots for 50 days. The pots were then fastened onto the top of similar pots and the seedling root systems were allowed to grow into the lower pots for 4 weeks through punctures in the bottoms of the upper pots. Soil water extraction from four different depths was measured using time domain reflectometry (TDR) 2 weeks after roots had begun to grow into the lower pots. The two New Mexico populations (Jornada and Mountainair) and a population from Plains, Texas extracted more water from deeper (greater than or equal to 38 cm) soil layers than the Idaho population (P < 0.05). Root length in the deeper soil layers (55-60 cm) was greater (P < 0.05) for the Jornada desert population than for the Idaho and Mountainair populations. The Plains population had shorter roots and extracted less water in the upper soil layers than the other populations (P < 0.05). Specific root length in the Idaho population was at least 67% greater (P < 0.01) than those in southern populations, indicating smaller root diameters. The patterns of soil water extraction and root penetration were correlated with the seasonal distribution of precipitation in the plants' natural habitats. The Idaho seedlings had roots confined primarily to the topsoil to secure water from spring precipitation. In contrast, some southern seedlings were able to develop an extensive deep root system to avoid spring drought. C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT RANGE & WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST RES LAB,LUBBOCK,TX 79401. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0098-8472(94)00038-7 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QP931 UT WOS:A1995QP93100001 ER PT J AU VU, JCV GUPTA, SK YELENOSKY, G KU, MSB AF VU, JCV GUPTA, SK YELENOSKY, G KU, MSB TI COLD-INDUCED CHANGES IN RIBULOSE 1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE-OXYGENASE AND PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE IN CITRUS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE CITRUS; COLD ACCLIMATION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; HARDENING TEMPERATURES; PROTEIN-METABOLISM; GROWTH-REGULATORS; ACCLIMATION; LEAVES; POLYPEPTIDE; PHYSIOLOGY; TOLERANCE; HARDINESS AB The effects of cold acclimation on ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) were examined in leaves of moderately cold-hardy 'Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) and in two cold-hardy genotypes, 'Trifoliata' orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf) and 'FF-6-7-2' citrus hybrid (Citrus ichangensis Swing. X Fortunella margarita Lour. Swing.). Soluble protein extracted from leaves and analyzed by electrophoresis showed significant differences in composition among the three citrus genotypes. A 12 kD polypeptide with unknown function was present in large quantity in 'Valencia', but not in the other two genotypes. Probing with antibodies specific for Rubisco and PEPCase indicated that 'Trifoliata' had two polypeptides of Rubisco small subunit (13 and 14 kD) whereas 'Valencia' and 'FF-6-7-2' had only one (14 kD). Cold acclimation differentially altered the expression of the two carboxylases. In all three genotypes, cold acclimation resulted in increased amount of Rubisco large subunit but decreased amount of the small subunit. However, the amount of PEPCase was substantially enhanced by cold acclimation in the cold-hardy genotypes ('FF-6-7-2' and 'Trifoliata'), but was largely reduced by the cold treatment in the moderately cold-hardy genotype ('Valencia'). The enhanced expression of PEPCase during cold acclimation may be important for the induction of freezing tolerance in citrus. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT BOT, PULLMAN, WA 99164 USA. USDA ARS, HORT RES LAB, ORLANDO, FL 32803 USA. RP VU, JCV (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA, USDA ARS, AGRON PHYSIOL LAB, BLDG 164, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 1995 VL 35 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/0098-8472(94)00044-6 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QP931 UT WOS:A1995QP93100004 ER PT J AU VENKAT, JA SHAMI, S DAVIS, K NAYAK, M PLIMMER, JR PFEIL, R NAIR, PP AF VENKAT, JA SHAMI, S DAVIS, K NAYAK, M PLIMMER, JR PFEIL, R NAIR, PP TI RELATIVE GENOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF PESTICIDES EVALUATED BY A MODIFIED SOS MICROPLATE ASSAY SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE GENOTOXICITY; MUTAGENICITY; PESTICIDES; MICELLES; TAUROCHOLIC ACID; SOS MICROPLATE ASSAY ID COLORIMETRIC BACTERIAL ASSAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHROMOTEST; CARCINOGENS; MUTAGENICITY; CHEMICALS; RESIDUES AB The genotoxic activities of 47 pesticides were determined using a modified SOS microplate assay in which the induction of beta-galactosidase in E. coli PQ37 was used as a quantitative measure of genotoxic activity. The results were compared with those obtained with anethole, curcumin, and capsaicin, a few examples of naturally occurring compounds present in foods. The assays were conducted with pesticides dissolved either in a suitable solvent, such as 10% DMSO in physiological saline or dispersed in sodium taurocholate micelles, to simulate conditions in the small intestine from where these substances are normally absorbed from the diet. 4-Nitroquinoline oxide (4-NQO) served as the reference standard of a direct acting mutagen. In micellar form, 4-NQO and 25 of the 47 pesticides tested showed significantly higher genotoxic activities than when they were tested in an organic solvent. In micellar form the SOS inducing potency of 4-NQO was almost twice as high as in 10% DMSO in physiological saline. In taurocholate micelles, the five most active compounds had activities in the range of 1,234-3,765 units/mu mol and in the order of decreasing activities they were ranked as follows: malathion > dichlorvos > lindane > chlordane > endrin. They were significantly less active than 4-NQO (less than 40%). In micellar solution the naturally occurring compounds, anethole, curcumin, and capsaicin gave activities of 4,594, 998, and 809 units/mu mol, respectively. These studies show that genotoxicity may depend upon the environment in which cells are exposed to these potential genotoxins. It appears that testing of the more hydrophobic compounds, both synthetic and naturally occurring, are needed. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTR REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,INST NAT RESOURCES,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1995 VL 25 IS 1 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1002/em.2850250110 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QK166 UT WOS:A1995QK16600009 PM 7875128 ER PT B AU Thomas, PE AF Thomas, PE BE Manka, M TI Transgenic resistance to potato leafroll virus in Russet Burbank potatoes SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTIC FACTORS IN INTEGRATED PLANT DISEASE CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Conference of European-Foundation-for-Plant-Pathology on Environmental Biotic Factors in Integrated Plant Disease Control CY SEP 05-09, 1995 CL POLISH ACAD SCI, SCI CTR, POZNAN, POLAND SP European Fdn Plant Pathol, Polish Phytopathol Soc HO POLISH ACAD SCI, SCI CTR AB Russet Burbank potato was transformed with 22 constructs of the coat protein gene and 5 constructs of the replicase gene of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) using an agrobacterium transformation process. Lines containing coat protein gene constructs varied widely in field susceptibility to the virus. While some were highly susceptible, a few were less likely than nontransformed Russet Burbank to become infected initially and, when infected, continued to grow despite expression of clear foliage symptoms. Infected plants in these lines had lower virus titer, higher yields, and much lower incidence of PLRV-induced net necrosis in tubers, and spread of virus from plant to plant was markedly reduced in the field. Some lines transformed with replicase gene constructs were susceptible to PLRV, but five lines were identified that provided completely effective resistance against the potato leafroll disease and leafroll-induced tuber net necrosis. The resistance in these lines is effective in the field against the strains of the virus that occur in the Columbia Basin of northwestern USA. Both the foliage and tubers of resistant transgenic plants appear identical to those of nontransgenic Russet Burbank potato plants. RP Thomas, PE (reprint author), ARS,IAREC,USDA,RT 2,BOX 2953-A,PROSSER,WA 99350, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI 60-625 POZNAN PA UL WOJSKA POLSKIEGO 71C, 60-625 POZNAN, POLAND BN 83-902901-0-3 PY 1995 BP 551 EP 554 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BH16D UT WOS:A1995BH16D00096 ER PT S AU Zimmerman, RH AF Zimmerman, RH BE Kozai, T Zimmerman, RH Kitaya, Y Fujiwara, K TI Environmental effects and their control in plant tissue culture - Overview SO ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AND THEIR CONTROL IN PLANT TISSUE CULTURE SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XXIVth International Horticultural Congress - Environmental Effects and Their Control in Plant Tissue Culture CY AUG 21-27, 1994 CL KYOTO, JAPAN SP Sci Council Japan, Japanese Soc Hort Sci, Int Soc Hort Sci DE light; medium; water relations AB Plant tissue culture applications, both scientific and commercial, have increased at a rapid rate in recent years. Numerous species of plants are now cultured in vitro for many uses, e.g. propagation, secondary products, genetic transformation, physiological studies and germplasm conservation. As experience has been gained in culturing diverse genotypes, the influence that the total culture environment has on successfully growing organs, tissues or cells becomes more and more apparent. Early research centered mainly on the nutrient composition of the medium and the appropriate type, concentration and balance of growth regulators. Now, the significant effects on culture growth of other factors, including the gases and water relations in the culture vessel, all aspects of light, and the culture vessel itself, are recognized. The progress made in identifying, measuring, modeling and controlling the many variables that impact upon the growth of plant tissues in vitro will be described in this symposium. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zimmerman, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 90-6605-476-X J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 1995 IS 393 BP 11 EP 14 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BK26F UT WOS:000071637600001 ER PT J AU LEE, DC GRANT, WE AF LEE, DC GRANT, WE TI A HIERARCHICAL APPROACH TO FISHERIES PLANNING AND MODELING IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN; PACIFIC SALMON; STEELHEAD; HIERARCHY THEORY; SIMULATION MODELING; SYSTEMS ANALYSIS ID SALMON; SCALE AB The Columbia River Basin is the scene of a massive effort to restore populations of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and steelhead (O. mykiss). Efficient restoration is confounded by a high level of complexity, competing sociopolitical goals and values, and uncertainty about key system properties. Simulation models and other tools of systems analysis are important to development of a comprehensive, regionally acceptable strategy. Hierarchy theory provides a useful paradigm for organized complexity within the Columbia Basin and the basis for a trilevel hierarchical structure for organizing and integrating models. Life-stage models compose the most basic simulation units at the lowest level in the proposed hierarchical modeling structure. Each life-stage model simulates a distinct period in the life cycle of anadromous salmonids. Population models at the intermediate level simulate the complete life cycles of salmon and steelhead populations. At the highest level in the hierarchy, interpopulation models simulate extensive, long-term processes that affect multiple species and stocks. A hierarchical system of models is preferable to a single model or to a group of models lacking formal structure. A principal advantage is that models have the correct spatial and temporal resolution for analyzing questions at different scales. A hierarchical structure also facilitates the flow of information among models, and aids in understanding the impacts of uncertainty. Constructing a hierarchy of models should involve both bottom-up and top-down perspectives that maintain logical consistency among models, while allowing unique model structures appropriate for each level in the hierarchy. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP LEE, DC (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,316 E MYRTLE,BOISE,ID 83702, USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 19 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1007/BF02472000 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA PX114 UT WOS:A1995PX11400002 ER PT J AU MORRISON, ML MARCOT, BG AF MORRISON, ML MARCOT, BG TI AN EVALUATION OF RESOURCE INVENTORY AND MONITORING PROGRAM USED IN NATIONAL FOREST PLANNING SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS; INVENTORY AND MONITORING; NATIONAL FOREST PLANNING; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; STUDY DESIGN ID OBSERVER VARIABILITY; BIRD-HABITAT; BIODIVERSITY; INDICATORS AB The National Forest Management Act (1976) specifies that multiresource inventories be conducted to provide baseline data for development and, later, monitoring of national forest management plans. This mandate entails the most ambitious and complex resource planning effort ever attempted. In this paper we evaluate the structure and use of current inventory-monitoring programs and recommend a framework for gathering data to improve national forest planning. Current national guidelines are general and provide only basic directions to forest-level planners. Forest inventories have traditionally concentrated on timber. Although these inventories are often well designed, the questions we are now asking about forest resources have outgrown these methods. Forest management is impeded by general confusion over definitions of resources and the interactions among them. We outline a simple classification scheme that centers on identification of basic ecosystem elements that can be readily measured. Furthermore, spatial and temporal scales must be considered in the design of inventory-monitoring programs. The concept of ecological indicators is reviewed, and caution is advised in their use. inventory-monitoring programs should be goal-directed and based on as rigorous a statistical design as possible. We also review fundamental issues of variable selection, validation, and sampling bias. We conclude by developing a flexible inventory-monitoring program that is designed to provide information on individual characteristics of the environment, rather than being based on fixed definitions of resources. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. US FOREST SERV, PACIFIC NW RES STN, PORTLAND, OR 97208 USA. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN-FEB PY 1995 VL 19 IS 1 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1007/BF02472011 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA PX114 UT WOS:A1995PX11400013 ER PT J AU REINERT, RA HO, MC AF REINERT, RA HO, MC TI VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF SOYBEAN AS AFFECTED BY ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE AND OZONE SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE OZONE; CARBON DIOXIDE; AIR POLLUTION; POLLUTANT INTERACTIONS; SOYBEAN; GROWTH ID SOIL-WATER DEFICIT; CO2 ENRICHMENT; SEED YIELD; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FIELD; COMBINATION; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; NITROGEN; EXPOSURE AB The effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O-3) on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Centennial) growth and biomass partitioning were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Soybeans were exposed to CO2 concentrations at 350 (ambient), 450, 550, and 650 mu l liter(-1) (ppm) for 24 h day(-1) for 5 weeks. Ozone treatments of 0 and 120 nl liter(-1) (ppb) for 6 h day(-1) for 5 days week-1 for 5 weeks were added in combination with the CO2 treatments. Plant dry weight and biomass partitioning were assessed each week. Dry weight of leaf, stem, and root, as well as the total plant dry weight increased with exposure to increasing levels of CO2. Dry weight of leaf, root and total plant were suppressed significantly by the O-3 treatment. Stem dry weight was not affected by O-3. Suppression of root dry weight due to O-3 at each weekly harvest was significantly dependent on the CO2 concentration. Root growth was enhanced by CO2 at 650 mu l liter(-1) compared with ambient CO2 (350 mu l liter(-1)) at 5 weeks of age. At ambient CO2 in the presence of O3 the roots were only about 63% of the weight of the root grown in the absence of O-3. At 550 and 650 mu l liter(-1) CO2 the biomass of soybean roots in the presence of 120 nl liter(-1) O-3 was 88.2 and 88.4% of the control, respectively. Thus, CO2 limited the amount of root growth suppression caused by O-3. The partitioning of leaf, stems and root dry weight in relation to total plant dry weight remained relatively constant across each CO2 concentration. Thus, CO2 did not affect biomass partitioning among leaves, stems and roots of soybean. RP REINERT, RA (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,USDA ARS,BOX 7616,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PY 1995 VL 89 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.1016/0269-7491(94)00039-G PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA QX095 UT WOS:A1995QX09500012 ER PT J AU DMUCHOWSKI, W BYTNEROWICZ, A AF DMUCHOWSKI, W BYTNEROWICZ, A TI MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTION IN POLAND BY CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS-SYLVESTRIS L) NEEDLES SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Review ID HEAVY-METAL POLLUTION; AIR-POLLUTION; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; TRACE-ELEMENTS; FOREST; EUROPE; CONTAMINATION; CADMIUM; PLANTS; SOILS AB Maps of the distribution of environmental pollution by sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and arsenic (As) for the territory of Poland and the Warsaw (Warszawa) district were developed on the basis of chemical analysis of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles collected from randomly selected sampling points during 1983-1985. The maps show deposition zones for the studied elements and can help in identification of sources and directions of air pollution dispersion. This study indicated that vegetation in Poland is greatly endangered by sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other sulfurous air pollutants, whereas Zn, Cd, Pb, and As do not pose an immediate threat to vegetation in most of the country's territory. However, in the urban-industrial agglomeration of Katowice-Cracow, very high pollution with Z, Cd, Pb and As could limit growth and development of some sensitive plant species. Higher than normal levels of As in some areas of Poland (Upper Silesia, Glogow-Lubin Copper Region, and areas close to the Russian border near Braniewo) might affect the health of humans and animals. Results of this study indicated that Poland's environment was not contaminated with Cu. C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC SW RES STN,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. RP DMUCHOWSKI, W (reprint author), POLISH ACAD SCI,BOT GARDEN,UL PRAWDZIWKA 2,PL-02973 WARSAW,POLAND. RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013 NR 124 TC 98 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PY 1995 VL 87 IS 1 BP 87 EP 104 DI 10.1016/S0269-7491(99)80012-8 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA PM777 UT WOS:A1995PM77700012 PM 15091612 ER PT S AU SHERMAN, TD LEGARDEUR, T LAX, AR AF SHERMAN, TD LEGARDEUR, T LAX, AR BE Lee, CY Whitaker, JR TI IMPLICATIONS OF THE PHYLOGENETIC DISTRIBUTION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE IN PLANTS SO ENZYMATIC BROWNING AND ITS PREVENTION SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Enzymatic Browning and Its Prevention, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID GLANDULAR TRICHOMES; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-LOCALIZATION; SOLANUM-BERTHAULTII; PURIFICATION; CHLOROPLAST; EXPRESSION; INHERITANCE; CLONING; SORGHUM; PROTEIN AB A limited phylogenetic survey of the distribution of polyphenol oxidase (PPO: EC 1.10.3.2) was conducted in order to determine if this enigmatous enzyme is present in all plants groups or in only certain phylogenetic lines. Evidence for presence of the enzyme was gathered via enzyme assays using various recognized substrates and through the use a heterologous DNA sequence from the PPO of Vicia faba in DNA hybridization experiments and in polymerase chain reaction amplification of conserved sequence within the gene. Enzyme assays showed PPO activity in members of all eukaryotic groups tested, albeit at low levels in some groups, including green algae, mosses, and gymnosperms. DNA hybridization experiments showed varying degrees of signal strength obtained on the dot blots. This could mean limited homology between Vicia probe and target DNA or different copy number in the target DNA. Amplification experiments using primers for a 111 base pair region of the Vicia copper A binding region yielded 111 base pair products in all members of all phylogenetic groups tested. These data strongly suggest the presence of active PPO in all photosynthetic organisms more advanced than cyanophytes. This, along with data from studies with PPO-less mutants, implies some essential function of the enzyme in plants. C1 USDA, SO REG RES CTR, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70179 USA. RP SHERMAN, TD (reprint author), UNIV SO ALABAMA, DEPT BIOL SCI, MOBILE, AL 36688 USA. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3249-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1995 VL 600 BP 103 EP 119 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA BD99D UT WOS:A1995BD99D00008 ER PT S AU LAX, AR CARY, JW AF LAX, AR CARY, JW BE Lee, CY Whitaker, JR TI BIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE SO ENZYMATIC BROWNING AND ITS PREVENTION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Enzymatic Browning and Its Prevention, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID TENTOXIN; PLANTS; EXPRESSION; SORGHUM; PROTEIN; CLONING; GENE AB Polyphenol oxidases (E.C. 1.10.3.2) are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, but little is known of their subcellular localization or physiological significance. Recent work in our and several other laboratories have succeeded in cloning and characterizing the genes encoding polyphenol oxidase from a variety of species. Analysis of the clones indicates a high degree of homology among the PPOs from the investigated species. The data indicate that PPOs are synthesized as precursor proteins having a transit sequence for transport into the chloroplast and lack sequences for specific targeting into the thylakoid membrane. Cloning of the genes for PPO offers the possibility to determine the physiological role of PPO within the chloroplast and to begin to manipulate the levels of PPO within specific organs to improve the characteristics of the desired commodity. RP LAX, AR (reprint author), USDA,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3249-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 600 BP 120 EP 128 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA BD99D UT WOS:A1995BD99D00009 ER PT S AU SAPERS, GM MILLER, RL CHOI, SW AF SAPERS, GM MILLER, RL CHOI, SW BE Lee, CY Whitaker, JR TI PREVENTION OF ENZYMATIC BROWNING IN PREPEELED POTATOES AND MINIMALLY PROCESSED MUSHROOMS SO ENZYMATIC BROWNING AND ITS PREVENTION SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Enzymatic Browning and Its Prevention, at the 208th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 21-26, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID ASCORBIC-ACID; APPLE; ANTIOXIDANTS; INHIBITION; FRUITS; AGENTS; VACUUM; FOODS AB Some minimally processed products do not respond well to treatment with browning inhibitors. Peeled potato surfaces are highly reactive because of thermal and mechanical damage during peeling. Digestion with 17% NaOH or 1-2% ascorbic and citric acids at elevated temperatures, followed by treatment with browning inhibitors, can extend potato storage life to 12-14 days. Treatment conditions must be designed to avoid textural defects and nonenzymatic discoloration. Washed mushrooms discolor due to reactions induced by bacterial growth as well as to typical enzymatic browning. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide prior to application of browning inhibitors will suppress bacterial spoilage and improve appearance. Clarified raw apple juice will not brown due to removal of particulate-bound polyphenol oxidase but may become yellow during storage because of nonenzymatic browning of added ascorbic acid. Effective treatment conditions for these products and guidelines for controlling enzymatic browning in other minimally processed commodities are discussed. RP SAPERS, GM (reprint author), USDA,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3249-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 600 BP 223 EP 239 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Food Science & Technology GA BD99D UT WOS:A1995BD99D00018 ER PT S AU French, AD Dowd, MK Cousins, SK Brown, RM Miller, DP AF French, AD Dowd, MK Cousins, SK Brown, RM Miller, DP BE Saddler, JN Penner, MH TI Molecular deformations and lattice energies of models of solid saccharides SO ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF INSOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Review CT Symposium on Enzymatic Degradation of Insoluble Carbohydrates, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID MM3 FORCE-FIELD; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PACKING ANALYSIS; CELLULOSE POLYMORPHS; MALTOSE MONOHYDRATE; ANOMERIC FORMS; MECHANICS; POLYSACCHARIDES; DISACCHARIDES AB A context for studying molecular deformations in crystals was established by reviewing conformational studies of isolated mono- and di-saccharides. In new work, models of miniature crystals of cellulose allomorphs, cellobiose, maltosyl di- and tri-saccharides and panose were based on published crystal structures. Their lattice energies were computed after complete energy minimization with MM3(92). Comparisons of the conformations of molecules in the model crystals with the models of isolated individual molecules indicated the extents of distortion resulting from the crystal fields. Ring puckerings, linkage conformations and side group orientations can each be deformed by the crystal field by as much as three kcal/mol. The sum of such distortions is typically about five kcal/mol of glucose residues, compared to the molecule modeled in isolation. These increases in intramolecular energy are stabilized by lattice energies ranging from about 15 to almost 50 kcal/mol of monomer residues, with oligomers and polymers having smaller lattice energies per residue than monosaccharides. Contrary to conventional thought, the van der Waals force is usually a stronger component of the lattice energy than the intermolecular hydrogen bonding, especially for cellulose models. C1 UNIV TEXAS, DEPT BOT, AUSTIN, TX 78713 USA. RP French, AD (reprint author), USDA, SO REG RES CTR, AGR RES SERV, POB 19687, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70179 USA. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3341-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1995 VL 618 BP 13 EP 37 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BE51K UT WOS:A1995BE51K00002 ER PT S AU Henson, CA Sun, Z AF Henson, CA Sun, Z BE Saddler, JN Penner, MH TI Barley seed alpha-glucosidases: Their characteristics and roles in starch degradation SO ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF INSOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Enzymatic Degradation of Insoluble Carbohydrates, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; HIGHER-PLANTS; BETA-AMYLASE; GRANULES; GERMINATION; DIGESTION; ENZYME AB The identities of enzymes involved in degradation of seed starch are well established, as are the characteristics of several of the individual enzymes. However, the interactions between the different enzymes as they function together to hydrolyze starch are not well understood. The development of a reconstituted starch hydrolyzing system using components isolated from seeds allowed the identification of an interaction between alpha-amylases and (b)eta-glucosidases that resulted in synergistic hydrolysis of native starch granules. The relative importance of this interaction, as well as interactions with beta-amylase and starch debranching enzyme, was influenced by whether or not the crystalline structure of starch was disrupted. Examination of these four enzymes as they function in a multistep biochemical process revealed that the importance of their independent actions, in addition to their interactions, varied depending upon the structure of the starch being hydrolyzed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT AGRON,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Henson, CA (reprint author), USDA,CEREAL CROPS RES UNIT,AGR RES SERV,MADISON,WI, USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3341-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 618 BP 51 EP 58 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BE51K UT WOS:A1995BE51K00004 ER PT S AU Saha, BC Freer, SN Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Freer, SN Bothast, RJ BE Saddler, JN Penner, MH TI Thermostable beta-glucosidases SO ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF INSOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Enzymatic Degradation of Insoluble Carbohydrates, at the 207th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 13-17, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID FUNGUS THERMOASCUS-AURANTIACUS; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; TALAROMYCES-EMERSONII; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; PURIFICATION; CELLULASES; CLONING; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Interest in beta-glucosidase has increased in recent years because of its application in the conversion of cellulose to glucose for the subsequent production of fuel alcohol. Cellulolytic enzymes in conjunction with beta-glucosidase act sequentially and cooperatively to degrade cellulose to glucose. Product inhibition, thermal inactivation, low product yield and high cost of the enzyme constitute some problems to develop enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose as a commercial process. A thermostable beta-glucosidase from Aureobasidium pullulans, a yeast-like fungus, was optimally active at 75 degrees C and pH 4.5 against p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside, cellobiose and a series of higher cellooligosaccharides. Recent developments in thermostable beta-glucosidase research particularly the biochemical and kinetic properties of the enzyme, mode of action and its use in the conversion of cellulose to glucose are described. RP Saha, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,FERMENTAT BIOCHEM RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-3341-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1995 VL 618 BP 197 EP 207 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Organic; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BE51K UT WOS:A1995BE51K00013 ER PT S AU ULLAH, AHJ DISCHINGER, HC AF ULLAH, AHJ DISCHINGER, HC BE Legoy, MD Thomas, D TI ASPERGILLUS-FICUUM PHYTASE ACTIVE-SITE - INVOLVEMENT OF ARG AND TRP RESIDUES SO ENZYME ENGINEERING XII SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Enzyme Engineering XII CY SEP 19-24, 1993 CL DEAUVILLE, FRANCE SP Engn Fdn, Amer Inst Chem Engineers ID OPTIMUM ACID-PHOSPHATASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE; SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; OVEREXPRESSION; PRODUCT; TYPE-5; NIGER RP ULLAH, AHJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,1100 ROBERT E LEE BLVD,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124, USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-927-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1995 VL 750 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb19924.x PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BD12C UT WOS:A1995BD12C00009 PM 7785880 ER PT J AU Bettge, AD Morris, CF Greenblatt, GA AF Bettge, AD Morris, CF Greenblatt, GA TI Assessing genotypic softness in single wheat kernels using starch granule-associated friabilin as a biochemical marker SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE friabilin; grain quality; wheat; wheat grain hardness; Triticum aestivum ID GRAIN-SOFTNESS; BAKING QUALITY; PROTEIN; HARDNESS AB The end-use quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is determined in large part by the texture of the grain (soft or hard). Endosperm texture is currently determined by several empirical methods. These methods are limited because they use bulk grain lots, as opposed to individual kernels; assess phenotypic, as opposed to genotypic hardness; require a quantity of grain greater than that generally available in the early generations of wheat breeding programs, and are destructive. Recent approaches that use single kernels address the problems associated with bulk grain lots, but suffer the other limitations of providing only the phenotype and being destructive. An objective method for determining the texture genotype of single kernels of wheat was developed using starch granule-associated friabilin, a family of closely related 15 kDa proteins, as a biochemical marker. The occurrence of friabilin on water-washed wheat starch granules is apparently unaffected by the environment and is perfectly correlated (no exceptions) with grain softness. The technique presented here can detect friabilin on as little as 0.2 mg of starch and provides a 250-fold improvement in friabilin detection compared to previous methods. The method is capable of correctly assessing the genotype of F-1 heterozygotes from hard x soft and soft x hard crosses. Further, the method uses only a portion of the endosperm from the kernel and therefore accommodates embryo propagation and high molecular weight glutenin subunit characterization. This single kernel method also facilitates the genetic characterization of mixed, bulk grain lots. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP Bettge, AD (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,WESTERN WHEAT QUAL LAB,E-202 FOOD SCI & HUMAN NUTR,FACIL E,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 26 TC 71 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 86 IS 1 BP 65 EP 72 DI 10.1007/BF00035940 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA TX167 UT WOS:A1995TX16700009 ER PT J AU FRIEBE, B ZHANG, W RAUPP, JW GILL, BS PORTER, DR AF FRIEBE, B ZHANG, W RAUPP, JW GILL, BS PORTER, DR TI NON-HOMOEOLOGOUS WHEAT-RYE CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS CONFERRING RESISTANCE TO GREENBUG SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE WHEAT-RYE CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS; C-BANDING; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; GREENBUG RESISTANCE; TRITICUM AESTIVUM; SECALE CEREALE; SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; PROBES AB C-banding and in situ hybridization were used to determine the chromosomal constitution of the greenbug-resistant germplasm GRS 1204. The results showed that this line had the radiation-induced non-homoeologous wheat-rye translocation chromosomes T2AS-1RS . 1RL and T2AL . 2AS-1RS. C-banding analysis further revealed the presence of a wheat-Agropyron elongatum translocation chromosome T1BL . 1BS-3Ae#1L in line GRS 1204, that was derived from 'Teewon'. The greenbug resistance of line GRS 1204 is similar to that of line GRS 1201 that was earlier shown to have the greenbug resistance gene Gb6 located on the IRS arm of the wheat-rye translocation chromosome T1AL . 1RS. Because Gb6 in line GRS 1204 is present on one of the non-homoeologous translocation chromosomes, agronomically line GRS 1201 should be the better adapted source of Gb6 resistance and be used in cultivar improvement. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. USDA,ARS,STILLWATER,OK 74075. RP FRIEBE, B (reprint author), KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,CTR WHEAT GENET RESOURCE,MANHATTAN,KS 66506, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 84 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1007/BF01677949 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA TC313 UT WOS:A1995TC31300005 ER PT J AU TISCHLER, CR BURSON, BL AF TISCHLER, CR BURSON, BL TI EVALUATING DIFFERENT BAHIAGRASS CYTOTYPES FOR HEAT TOLERANCE AND LEAF EPICUTICULAR WAX CONTENT SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE PASPALUM NOTATUM FLUGGE; BAHIAGRASS; HEAT TOLERANCE; LEAF EPICUTICULAR WAX ID SORGHUM; WATER; SOYBEANS; DROUGHT AB Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) is a polymorphic species indigenous to South America which has become naturalized in the southeastern U.S. The most common form in the United States is Pensacola bahiagrass, P, notatum var. saurae Parodi., which is a valuable forage. Pensacola is a sexual diploid, while most other bahiagrasses are apomictic tetraploids. Pensacola bahiagrass is considered to have greater heat tolerance (based on an in vitro heat tolerance test) than a number of other Paspalum species, but has less leaf epicuticular wax (a drought avoidance mechanism) than other species. Both heat tolerance and leaf epicuticular wax are desirable characteristics for species grown where periodic drought occurs. We measured both characteristics over two years in a collection of 23 bahiagrass accessions, many of which had been collected in South America near the center of origin of the species. The collection included various ploidy levels. For both years, no accessions ranked statistically lower in damage in the heat tolerance test than Pensacola, although eight had significantly higher damage. Two entries in addition to Pensacola had very low damage in the heat tolerance test. Pensacola was high in leaf wax, with 16 accessions rated significantly lower in wax. The accession having the lowest wax content was a triploid, which also exhibited considerable leaf death in the field in response to drought and heat. The diploid entries tended to be higher in leaf wax than the other ploidy levels. This study has identified additional bahiagrass germplasm which may be of use in a breeding program. RP TISCHLER, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS,GRASSLAND SOIL & WATER RES LAB,808 E BLACKLAND RD,TEMPLE,TX 76502, USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 84 IS 3 BP 229 EP 235 DI 10.1007/BF01681815 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA TC852 UT WOS:A1995TC85200008 ER PT J AU SINGSIT, C HOLBROOK, CC CULBREATH, AK OZIASAKINS, P AF SINGSIT, C HOLBROOK, CC CULBREATH, AK OZIASAKINS, P TI PROGENIES OF AN INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID BETWEEN ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA AND A-STENOSPERMA - PEST RESISTANCE AND MOLECULAR HOMOGENEITY SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE ARACHIS; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS; MOLECULAR HOMOGENEITY; PEST RESISTANCE; PEANUT; GROUNDNUT ID MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; PEANUT; FRAGMENTS AB Interspecific triploid hybrids were obtained between Arachis hypogaea L. and A. stenosperma Krapov. and W.C. Gregory by adopting hybridization coupled with rescue of the developing hybrid embryos. Two hexaploid hybrid populations were generated from triploids, somatically doubled (SD) and sexually polyploidized (SP) hexaploids. Microscopic screening for the occurrence of 2n gametes in triploid hybrids was useful to predict the production of spontaneous hexaploids. In order to facilitate maximum intergenomic recombination, the hexaploids were allowed to self for several generations (F-4) in the greenhouse. prolific vegetative growth, pollen stainability, and seed set were observed to decline with each selfed generation. Individuals of the F-3 generation from the two hexaploid populations were evaluated for resistance to nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria Chitwood, race 1) and late leafspot Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. and Curt.) Deighton under greenhouse conditions. Both SD and SP populations performed significantly better than their cultivated parent, Sunbelt Runner, and a susceptible cultivar, Florunner. At the DNA level, no significant differences were detected among hybrid individuals using cDNA clones and RAPD primers polymorphic for the two parents. Seven cDNA clones were used to probe DNA from 17 F-2 individuals and two parents and 45 RAPD primers were used to amplify DNA from 21 F-2 and F-3 individuals. No significant differences in banding patterns were observed among hybrid individuals which suggested that little or no detectable intergenomic recombination had occurred. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,TIFTON,GA 31793. USDA ARS,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP SINGSIT, C (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,DEPT HORT,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1007/BF01677855 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RM476 UT WOS:A1995RM47600002 ER PT J AU BROWN, CR MOJTAHEDI, H SANTO, GS AF BROWN, CR MOJTAHEDI, H SANTO, GS TI INTROGRESSION OF RESISTANCE TO COLUMBIA AND NORTHERN ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES FROM SOLANUM-BULBOCASTANUM INTO CULTIVATED POTATO SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE BREEDING; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; SOLANUM BULBOCASTANUM; MELOIDOGYNE SPECIES; POTATO; SOLANUM TUBEROSUM; NEMATODE RESISTANCE ID MELOIDOGYNE-CHITWOODI; REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY; TESTS; SOIL AB Resistance to Meliodogyne chitwoodi races 1 (MC1) and 2 (MC2) and M. hapla (MH) derived from Solanum bulbocastanum was introduced into the cultivated potato gene pool through somatic fusion. The initial F-1 hybrids showed resistance to the three nematodes. Resistance to reproduction on roots by MC1 was accompanied by resistance to tuber damage in F-1 clones. Tuber damage sometimes occurred, however, in hybrids of BC1 progeny resistant to reproduction on roots when MC2 and MH were the challenging nematodes. Resistance to reproduction was transferred into BC1 individuals, but a greater proportion of BC1 progeny was resistant to MC1 than to MC2 or MH. Resistance to MC1 appears to be dominant and discretely inherited. F-1 and BC1 progeny were pollen sterile, but seed were produced from crosses using cultivated tetraploid pollen sources. Approximately 11 and 33 per cent of pollinations produced berries on F-1 and BC1 pistillate parents, respectively. Seed yield increased fourfold overall in crosses with F-1 compared to BC1 individuals. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,CTR IRRIGATED AGR RES & EXTENS CTR,PROSSER,WA 99350. RP BROWN, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS,RR 2 BOX 2953A,PROSSER,WA 99350, USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 83 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1007/BF01677863 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RM476 UT WOS:A1995RM47600010 ER PT J AU PORTER, DR NGUYEN, HT BURKE, JJ AF PORTER, DR NGUYEN, HT BURKE, JJ TI GENETIC-CONTROL OF ACQUIRED HIGH-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE IN WINTER-WHEAT SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE ACQUIRED HIGH TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; DIALLEL ANALYSIS; INHERITANCE; TRITICUM AESTIVUM; WHEAT ID MEMBRANE THERMOSTABILITY; HEAT TOLERANCE AB The development of high temperature-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm is necessary to improve plant productivity under high-temperature stress environments. The quantification of high temperature tolerance and the characterization of its genetic control are necessary for germplasm enhancement efforts. This study was conducted to determine the genetic control of acquired high temperature tolerance in common bread wheat cultivars. Reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) by heat-stressed seedling leaves was used as a quantitative measure to characterize acquired high temperature tolerance. Eleven-day-old seedlings of 20 F-1 progeny produced through a complete 5 x 5 ('Payne', 'Siouxland', 'Sturdy','TAM W-101', and 'TAM 108') diallel mating design were acclimated at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, followed by a 2-hour incubation at 50 degrees C. Under these test conditions, acquired high temperature tolerance ranged from a high of 75.7% for the genotype TAM W-101 x TAM 108, to a low of 37.3% for the genotype Payne x Siouxland. Partitioning of genotypic variance revealed that only the general combining ability component effect was statistically highly significant, accounting for 67% of the total genotypic variation, These results suggest that enhancing the level of high temperature tolerance in wheat germplasm is feasible utilizing existing levels of genetic variability and exploiting additive genetic effects associated with high temperature tolerance. C1 USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST RES LAB,LUBBOCK,TX 79401. TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT PLANT & SOIL SCI,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. RP PORTER, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS,PLANT SCI & WATER CONSERVAT RES LAB,1301 N WESTERN,STILLWATER,OK 74075, USA. NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 83 IS 2 BP 153 EP 157 DI 10.1007/BF01678043 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA RQ061 UT WOS:A1995RQ06100010 ER PT J AU SIMON, PW AF SIMON, PW TI GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF PUNGENCY AND SOLUBLE SOLIDS IN LONG-STORAGE ONIONS SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE ALLIUM CEPA; DIALLEL; FLAVOR; GENERATION MEANS ANALYSIS; PYRUVATE AB Pungency and soluble solids are important quality attributes of onion. An eight-parent diallel over two years indicated a preponderance of additive genetic variation for both attributes. Variation among years was significant for pungency but not solids. No reciprocal cross differences were noted for pungency or solids. Generation means analysis for four crosses over two years had a good fit with a simple additive-dominance model to explain the inheritance of both traits in most cases. Both diallel and generation means analyses demonstrated some dominance for low pungency. Broad sense heritability estimates averaged 0.64 for pungency and 0.83 for soluble solids. Selection was effective for increasing and decreasing pungency in derivatives of five crosses. Pungency and soluble solids were correlated among parental inbreds and hybrids but not within F-3's. The additive control and heritability suggest that onion pungency and soluble solids can be effectively and independently selected. RP SIMON, PW (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,USDA ARS,DEPT HORT,VEGETABLE CROP RES UNIT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 82 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1007/BF00028703 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA QX990 UT WOS:A1995QX99000001 ER PT J AU MARINKOVIC, R MILLER, JF AF MARINKOVIC, R MILLER, JF TI A NEW CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY SOURCE FROM WILD HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE SUNFLOWER; CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY; WILD SUNFLOWER; HELIANTHUS ANNUUS; WILD HELIANTHUS SPECIES AB A new ems source, ANN-5, was found in wild Helianthus annuus. This source showed high stability under different conditions in 1991 and 1992. All progenies from crosses of this source with several stable B-lines and restorer lines, which are homozygous for the gene which restores Leclercq's source of male sterility, were completely male sterile. Flower contained pistils and atrophied stamens. The cytological analysis showed that pollen mother cell degeneration took place in a premeiotic stage. C1 USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,FARGO,ND 58105. RP MARINKOVIC, R (reprint author), FAC AGR NOVI SAD,INST FIELD & VEGETABLE CROPS,M GORKOG 30,YU-21000 NOVI SAD,YUGOSLAVIA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 82 IS 1 BP 39 EP 42 DI 10.1007/BF00028708 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA QX990 UT WOS:A1995QX99000006 ER PT J AU SPOONER, DM CASTILLO, R LOPEZ, L PINEDA, R LEON, R VARGAS, A GARCIA, ML BAMBERG, JB AF SPOONER, DM CASTILLO, R LOPEZ, L PINEDA, R LEON, R VARGAS, A GARCIA, ML BAMBERG, JB TI COLOMBIA AND VENEZUELA 1992 WILD POTATO (SOLANUM SECT PETOTA) GERMPLASM COLLECTING EXPEDITION - TAXONOMY AND NEW GERMPLASM RESOURCES SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE COLOMBIA; GENEBANK; GERMPLASM; SOLANUM SECT PETOTA; TAXONOMY; VENEZUELA ID SOLANACEAE; ECUADOR AB We conducted a joint Colombia/United States/Venezuela wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota Dumort.) germplasm collecting expedition in Colombia from June 27-August 24, and in Venezuela from August 17-September 15, 1992. The goals of the expedition were to collect germplasm and study the species boundaries of all of the 23 Colombian and Venezuelan taxa accepted by current taxonomists. We made 128 collections of 16 of these taxa, 96 as true seed collections. We collected the first available germplasm collections of S. cacetanum, S. cuatrecasasii, S. estradae, S. lobbianum, S. orocense, S. paramoense, and S. sucubunense, and obtained germplasm collections of S. neovalenzuelae and S. pamplonense as a germplasm exchange from the Colombian national germplasm collection. We had problems identifying some of our collections, and currently are investigating them for species status and interrelationships. We summarize the state of germplasm collections for Colombia and Venezuela, provide our field data regarding the taxonomy of Colombian and Venezuelan wild potatoes, and provide recommendations for future collecting. C1 INST COLOMBIANO AGROPECUARIO,TIBAITATA EXPTL STN,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. CTR INVEST AGROPECUARIAS ESTADO MERIDA,FONDO NACL INVEST AGROPECUARIAS,MERIDA 5101,VENEZUELA. CIAE TACHIRA,FONAIAP,ESTADO TACHIRA 5029,VENEZUELA. MINIST AMBIENTE & RECURSOS NAT RENOVABLES,CTR NACL RECURSOS FITOGENET,ESTADO ARAGUA,VENEZUELA. USDA ARS,VEGETABLE CROPS RES UNIT,NATL RES SUPPORT PROGRAM 6,STURGEON BAY,WI 54235. RP SPOONER, DM (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,USDA ARS,VEGETABLE CROPS RES UNIT,1575 LINDEN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1 BP 45 EP 56 DI 10.1007/BF00022458 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA QL690 UT WOS:A1995QL69000007 ER PT J AU Sharpley, A Robinson, JS Smith, SJ AF Sharpley, A Robinson, JS Smith, SJ TI Assessing environmental sustainability of agricultural systems by simulation of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in runoff SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop of the European-Society-for-Agronomy on Modelling the Fate of Agrochemicals and Fertilizers in the Environment CY MAR, 1994 CL VENICE, ITALY SP European Soc Agron ID SURFACE RUNOFF; BIOAVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SOUTHERN PLAINS; WATER; DESORPTION; PREDICTION; NUTRIENTS; TRANSPORT; KINETICS AB Inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in agricultural runoff can promote coastal and fresh a water eutrophication. Thus, information on the effect of agricultural management on N and P loss in runoff is needed to develop sustainable management systems. While reliable field data require several years of study, simulation models can quickly estimate the relative effects of management on nutrient loss. A kinetic equation describing the desorption of soil P was used to predict dissolved P (DP) loss in runoff; enrichment ratio approaches were used to predict particulate N (PN), particulate P (PP), and bioavailable PP (BPP) losses. Accurate predictions of N and P loss in runoff were obtained for watersheds under conservation and conventional till wheat; reduced and no till rotational small grain crops; winter wheat with and without a sorghum cover crop; and native and set-aside grasses. Overall, prediction errors were 25 per cent of measured values. Although conservation practices reduced PN and PP losses in runoff up to 50 per cent, algal available DP losses increased 56 per cent compared to conventional practices. Simulated losses of N and P from soils receiving animal manure (beef, poultry, and swine) for 10 to 35 years, indicate the need to minimize surface soil accumulations of N and P in excess of crop requirements. Threshold soil P levels, above which DP concentration of runoff is expected to exceed water quality standards associated with eutrophication, were predicted by the kinetic equation. The kinetic and enrichment ratio approaches used can provide valuable information on the relative effects of watershed management on soil and water resources and thereby aid development of sustainable agricultural systems. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT SOIL & WATER SCI,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. USDA ARS,NATL AGR WATER QUAL LAB,DURANT,OK 74702. RP Sharpley, A (reprint author), USDA ARS,PASTURE SYST & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RES LAB,CURTIN RD,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PY 1995 VL 4 IS 4 BP 453 EP 464 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA TN748 UT WOS:A1995TN74800007 ER PT J AU Leonard, RA Knisel, WG Davis, FM AF Leonard, RA Knisel, WG Davis, FM TI Modelling pesticide fate with GLEAMS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop of the European-Society-for-Agronomy on Modelling the Fate of Agrochemicals and Fertilizers in the Environment CY MAR, 1994 CL VENICE, ITALY SP European Soc Agron DE non-point source pollution; herbicides; hydrology; chemical transport; ground water ID GROUNDWATER AB The pesticide component of GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems) model was developed to evaluate the complex interrelationships among pesticide and soil properties, management alternatives, and climate using long-term simulations. GLEAMS resulted from an enhancement of the CREAMS model to allow simulation of pesticide transport within and through the plant root zone in addition to transport in surface runoff from field-sized areas. The pesticide submodel is operated with daily inputs from the hydrology and soil erosion sub-models. Pesticide input parameters are required to specify application rates, dates and methods and the properties of the chemical. Outputs are pesticide concentrations and mass in runoff water and attached to transported sediments, pesticide mass leached below the root zone, and pesticide distribution with depth in the root zone. Multiple applications of up to 10 different pesticides can be simulated simultaneously for periods of up to 50 years. The model also considers pesticide metabolites produced by sequential first-order reactions and plant uptake of pesticides. Application methods simulated may be soil surface application, soil incorporation, soil injection, foliar application, or through irrigation water. Values for pesticide soil half-life, foliar half-life, foliar wash-off potential, solubility, and K-oc (sorption coefficient for soil carbon) may be obtained from the internal data base or supplied by the user if more specific information is available. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP Leonard, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PY 1995 VL 4 IS 4 BP 485 EP 490 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA TN748 UT WOS:A1995TN74800010 ER PT J AU Knisel, WG Leonard, RA Davis, FM AF Knisel, WG Leonard, RA Davis, FM TI Representing management practices in GLEAM SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop of the European-Society-for-Agronomy on Modelling the Fate of Agrochemicals and Fertilizers in the Environment CY MAR, 1994 CL VENICE, ITALY SP European Soc Agron DE modelling; management practices; hydrology; erosion; sedimentation; pesticides; plant nutrients; nitrogen cycle; phosphorus cycle AB Agricultural and forestry management practices may adversely affect surface and groundwater quality. The GLEAMS model was developed to assess management effects on edge-of-field and bottom-of-root-zone loadings of water, sediment, and chemicals. Management systems may affect one or more of the four model components : hydrology, erosion, pesticides, and plant nutrients. Each component is briefly described, and parameter sensitivity is discussed. The effects of changing management practices are soil and climate dependent, but generalized effects are presented. Effects of crop rotation, terracing, irrigation, and tillage practices on hydrologic response, and their impact on a erosion, pesticide fate, and plant nutrient losses are summarized in a table. Effects of timing and application methods for pesticides, inorganic fertilizer, and animal waste are also discussed. C1 USDA ARS,SE WATERSHED RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP Knisel, WG (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PY 1995 VL 4 IS 4 BP 499 EP 505 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA TN748 UT WOS:A1995TN74800012 ER PT J AU KELLY, TJ PARK, EJ MASLER, CA BURAND, JP AF KELLY, TJ PARK, EJ MASLER, CA BURAND, JP TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GLYCOSYLATED ECDYSTEROIDS IN THE HEMOLYMPH OF BACULOVIRUS-INFECTED GYPSY-MOTH LARVAE AND CELLS IN CULTURE SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIth Ecdysone Workshop CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 1994 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOL DE BACULOVIRUS; LYMANTRIA DISPAR; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS; LDNPV; ECDYSONE; UDP-GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE AB Fourth-instar gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar; Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) larvae, infected with the gypsy moth baculovirus (LdNPV), show an elevated and prolonged extension of the hemolymph ecdysteroid titer peak associated with molting. The ecdysteroid immunoreactivity associated with this peak elutes as two peaks following HPLC on a C-18 reverse-phase column. Both peaks elute in a region more polar than 20-hydroxyecdysone, but less polar than the highly polar ecdysteroid immunoreactivity associated with the apolysis peak of control animals. Glycosylated ecdysteroid standards, produced by in vitro incubation of UDP-glucose with ecdysone or 20-hydroxyecdysone and culture medium from LdNPV-infected gypsy moth cells, show elution times identical to the two immunoreactive peaks. Enzymatic hydrolysis studies verified this identity. The data suggest that the hemolymph of LdNPV-infected L. dispar larvae contains both glucose-conjugated ecdysone and glucose-conjugated 20-hydroxyecdysone which, by analogy with the literature, are presumably 22-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 20-hydroxyecdysone 22-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. RP KELLY, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,INSECT NEUROBIOL & HORMONE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE, CZECH REPUBLIC 370 05 SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 1995 VL 92 IS 1 BP 51 EP 61 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QN055 UT WOS:A1995QN05500005 ER PT J AU MASLER, EP KELLY, TJ AF MASLER, EP KELLY, TJ TI NON-CEREBRAL ECDYSIOTROPIC AND GONADOTROPIC ACTIVITIES FROM THE MOSQUITO AEDES-AEGYPTI (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIth Ecdysone Workshop CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 1994 CL PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC SP CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOL DE MOSQUITOS; AEDES; ABDOMEN; FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT; OOGENESIS; VITELLOGENESIS; THORAX; BRAIN AB The head is traditionally considered to be the site of production and release of the egg development neurosecretory hormone (EDNH), involved in ovarian maturation in dipterans. We find, however, that the thorax and abdomen of the mosquito Aedes aegypti each possess factors which resemble EDNH in both physiological and biochemical properties. Extracts of thoraces or abdomens each stimulated the dose-dependent appearance of ecdysteroid in incubations of A. aegypti ovaries in vitro. In addition, each extract is capable of stimulating ovarian maturation in vivo in decapitated Aedes atropalpus. The head contains higher levels of activity, absolute and specific, than either the thorax or abdomen, but extracts of all three body portions yield similar chromatographic patterns of activity. Gonadotropic activity in all three extracts elutes in two molecular weight ranges, large (approx. 6,600-7,700 MW) and small (approx. 4,150-4,250 MW). In each tissue, the small molecular weight component is more active than the large component. The roles of these non-cerebral ecdysiotropins and gonadotropins are not clear, but their similarities to cerebral EDNH suggest a function in ovarian maturation. RP MASLER, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS,INST PLANT SCI,INSECT NEUROBIOL & HORMONE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE, CZECH REPUBLIC 370 05 SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 1995 VL 92 IS 1 BP 113 EP 122 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA QN055 UT WOS:A1995QN05500011 ER EF