FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Lingafelter, SW AF Lingafelter, Steven W. TI SEVEN NEW SPECIES OF ELAPHIDIINI (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) FROM THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC WITH TAXONOMIC NOTES, NEW COUNTRY RECORDS, AND A KEY TO ELAPHIDION AUDINET-SERVILLE FROM HISPANIOLA SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Seven new species. two new combinations, two new synonyms, and four new country records of Elaphidiini longhorned woodborers (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Front the Dominican Republic are presented. Elaphidion compressipenne Fisher is transferred to Ceresium Newman as C. compressipenne (Fisher). new combination. Callidium lucidum Olivier is transferred to Metaphrenon Martins as AT lucidum (Olivier). new combination. A neotype (USNM) is designated for Elaphidion fullonium Newman, and Elaphidion confusum Fisher is a new synonym of that species. Elaphidion pilosum Fisher is a new synonym of Anelaphus mutatum (Gahan). Nesiosphaerion testaceum (Fisher), Anelaphus crispulum (Fisher). and Elaphidion androsensis Fisher are recorded for the first time front the Dominican Republic. Taxonomic confusion concerning Elaphidion bidens (Fabricius) is clarified. The following new species are described from the Dominican Republic: Anelaphus praeclarus Lingafelter (type locality: Guaraguao, La Altagracia Prov.). Nesiosphaerion charynae Lingafelter (type locality: Cabo Rojo. Pedernales Prov.). Psyrassa woodleyi Lingafelter (type locality: Road 47 between Los Pinos and Angel Felix, Independencia Prov.). Elaphidion auricoma Lingafelter (type locality: Guaraguao, La Altagracia Prov.). Elaphidion iviei Lingafelter (type locality: Filipinas, Barahona Prov.). Elaphidion nearnsi Lingafelter (type locality: Punta Cana, La Altagracia Prov.). and Elaphidion wappesi Lingafelter (type locality: Puerto Plata. Puerto Plata Prov.). A key to the twelve Elaphidion species from Hispaniola is provided. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lingafelter, SW (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 353 EP 379 DI 10.1649/1110.1 PG 27 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 364GF UT WOS:000260323500003 ER PT J AU Konstantinov, AS Prathapain, KD AF Konstantinov, A. S. Prathapain, K. D. TI NEW GENERIC SYNONYMS IN THE ORIENTAL FLEA BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB The following new synonyms are proposed for the genera and species of flea beetles predominantly from the Oriental Region: Pseudocrypta Medvedev, 1996 and Sebaethiella Medvedev, 1993 = Acrocrypta Baly, 1862; Bhutajana Scherer, 1979 = Aphthona Chevrolat 1836; Burmaltica Scherer, 1969 = Aphthonaltica Heikertinger, 1924; Aphthonomorpha Chen. 1934 and Manobidia Chen. 1934 = Bikasha Maulik, 1931; Gauruda Scherer, 1969 = Chalaenosoma Jacoby, 1893; Priostomus Jacoby, 1884 = Chaloenus Westwood, 1862; Throscoryssa Maulik, 1928 = Clitea Baly, 1877; Eucyclomela Chen, 1934 and Schenklingia Csiki & Heikertinger, 1940 = Halticorcus Lea, 1990 = Lipromela Chen. 1933; Asiorella Medvedev, 1990 = Liprus Motschulsky, 1860; Docemasia Jacoby, 1899 = Luperomorpha Weise, 1887; Ceylonaltica Doeberl, 1996 and Mesopa Jacoby, 1903 = Micraphthona Jacoby, 1900; Martensomela Medvedev, 1984 and Nepalicrepis Scherer, 1969 = Microcrepis Chen, 1933; Nepalicrepis darjeelingensis Scherer, 1969 = Microcrepis politus Chen, 1933; Epithrella Medvedev, 1993 and Livoliella Medvedev, 1997 = Orthaltica Crotch, 1873; Chabriosoma Chen, 1934 = Phygasoma Jacoby, 1898; Letzuana Chen, 1934 = Phyllotreta Chevrolat, 1836; Kimotoa Gruev, 1985 = Sphaeroderma Stephens, 1831; Amydus Chen, 1935, Monodaltica Bechyne, 1955, Trachyaphthona Heikertinger, 1924, and Typhodes Samuelson, 1984 = Trachytetra Sharp, 1886. Habitus and/or other morphological structures are illustrated for each genus under consideration. C1 [Konstantinov, A. S.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Prathapain, K. D.] Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India. RP Konstantinov, AS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov; prathapankd@gmail.com NR 58 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 381 EP 418 DI 10.1649/1089.1 PG 38 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 364GF UT WOS:000260323500005 ER PT J AU Hesler, LS Kieckhefer, RW AF Hesler, Louis S. Kieckhefer, Robert W. TI AN ANNOTATED AND UPDATED SPECIES LIST OF THE COCCINELLIDAE (COLEOPTERA) OF SOUTH DAKOTA SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA COLEOPTERA; NATIVE COCCINELLIDS; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; NORTH; EASTERN; MINNESOTA; AMERICA; CANADA AB An updated list of 79 species of Coccinellidae for South Dakota is presented. The list represents a net increase in the state coccinellid fauna from a previously published list of 66 species and subspecific taxa, and it also includes nomenclatural updates. Thirteen species have been added to the list as new state records: Didion punctatum (Melsheimer), Didion nanum (LeConte), Scynmus paracanus linearis Gordon, Scymnus fraternus LeConte, Hyperaspis inflexa Casey, Hyperaspis lugubris (Randall), Hyperaspis troglodytes Mulsant, Hyperaspis brunnescens Dobzhansky. Hyperaspis quadrivittata LeConte, Brachiacantha decempustulata (Melsheimer), Brumoides septentrionis septentrionis (Weise), Hippodamia expurgata Casey, and Hippodamia sinuata crotchi Casey. Two specimens of Coccinella septempunctata L., collected in 1978 represent a new state record of this species from South Dakota. Eight other species were added after reviewing previously published species records and faunal distribution maps. Several entries were deleted from the list based on synonymies. Four other were deleted because of dubious collected records, and one because of misidentification. Comments on recent collection records for adventive and declining native species of coccinellids are also presented. One C. transversoguttata richardsoni Brown from 2006 represents the only known specimen of this species curated since 1979, and one of a few individuals recorded in South Dakota since abundance declined after establishment of C. septempunctata. C1 [Hesler, Louis S.; Kieckhefer, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Hesler, LS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM louis.hesler@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 443 EP 454 DI 10.1649/1102.1 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 364GF UT WOS:000260323500011 ER PT J AU Medeiros, ES Mattoso, LHC Bernardes-Filho, R Wood, DF Orts, WJ AF Medeiros, Eliton S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Bernardes-Filho, Rubens Wood, Delilah F. Orts, William J. TI Self-assembled films of cellulose nanofibrils and poly(o-ethoxyaniline) SO COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cellulose nanofibrils; poly(o-ethoxyaniline); conducting polymers; self-assembly ID MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL SENSORS; ULTRATHIN FILMS; SULFATE GROUPS; POLYANILINE; NANOCOMPOSITES; WATER AB Nanostructured films of poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA) alternated with cellulose nanofibrils (CnF) were successfully produced by self assembly (SA) at different pH values and investigated by atomic force microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Results show that it was possible to build up films by alternating POEA and CnF layers with relatively precise architectural control by controlling the number of layers and pH. Film thickness had a dependence on pH which is a combination of the effects of the deposited amount for each POEA layer and the pH at which the absorption of the cellulose nanofibrils was carried out. Comparison of alternated layers of POEA and CnF with multi-immersions of POEA at different pH values, as measured by the ratio between slopes of the straight lines of deposited amount of polymer versus the number of self-assembled layers, shows that alternate deposition at pH 2 has a fourfold increase in the slope. Alternatively, at pH 5, there is no significant difference whether the deposition is alternated (POEA-CnF) or not (POEA). C1 [Medeiros, Eliton S.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.; Wood, Delilah F.; Orts, William J.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Bioprod Chem & Engn Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Medeiros, Eliton S.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.; Bernardes-Filho, Rubens] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, Lab Nacl Nanotecnol Agronegocio, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Orts, WJ (reprint author), USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Bioprod Chem & Engn Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bill.orts@ars.usda.gov RI Medeiros, Eliton/C-5768-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0303-402X EI 1435-1536 J9 COLLOID POLYM SCI JI Colloid Polym. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 286 IS 11 BP 1265 EP 1272 DI 10.1007/s00396-008-1887-x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 334QK UT WOS:000258236100006 ER PT J AU Albert, GI Hoeller, U Schierle, J Neuringer, M Johnson, EJ Schalch, W AF Albert, Gesa I. Hoeller, Ulrich Schierle, Joseph Neuringer, Martha Johnson, Elizabeth J. Schalch, Wolfgang TI Metabolism of lutein and zeaxanthin in rhesus monkeys: Identification of (3R,6 ' R)- and (3R,6 ' S)-3 '-dehydro-lutein as common metabolites and comparison to humans SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chiral analysis; 3'-dehydro-lutein; human plasma; lutein; rhesus monkey serum; serum metabolites; zeaxanthin ID MACULAR PIGMENT; NUTRITIONAL MANIPULATION; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; PRIMATE RETINAS; PLASMA KINETICS; CAROTENOIDS; DEGENERATION; 3'-DEHYDRO-LUTEIN; VEGETABLES AB Lutein and zeaxanthin are xanthophylls that can be found highly concentrated in the macula of the retina. They are thought to protect the macula through their role as blue-light filters and because of their antioxidant and singlet oxygen quenching properties. Examination of metabolites unique to lutein and zeaxanthin such as 3'-dehydro-lutein, and of their stereochemistry may provide insight to the mechanism by which they are formed and by which they exert protection. To evaluate the formation of such metabolites, eleven monkeys were raised on a xanthophyll-free diet, and supplemented with pure lutein or pure zeaxanthin (2.2 mg/kg body weight/d). The period of supplementation ranged between 12 and 92 weeks. At study start and throughout the study, serum samples were taken and analyzed for xanthophylls using different HPLC systems. Xanthophyll metabolites were identified using UV/VIS and HR-MS detection. Lutein and zeaxanthin metabolites were found in detectable amounts with 3'-dehydro-lutein being a common metabolite of both. Using chiral-phase HPLC, two diastereomers, (3R,6'R)-3'-dehydro-lutein and (3R,6'S)-3'dehydro-lutein, were identified and shown to be present in nearly equimolar amounts. A pathway for their formation from either lutein or zeaxanthin is proposed. These findings were comparable to results obtained with human plasma. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Albert, Gesa I.; Johnson, Elizabeth J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hoeller, Ulrich; Schierle, Joseph; Schalch, Wolfgang] DSM Nutr Prod Ltd, Res & Dev, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland. [Neuringer, Martha] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Natl Primate Res Ctr, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. RP Schalch, W (reprint author), Bldg 203-855,POB 2676, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. EM Wolfgang.Schalch@dsm.com FU USDA [581950-9-001]; NIH [DK29930, RR00163]; The Foundation Fighting Blindness; DSM Nutrition, Ltd FX The authors thank Noelle Landauer for care of experimental animals, preparation and feeding of supplements and assistance with blood sampling; Guangwen Tang, for assistance with mass spectrometry; Norman Krinsky for discussions regarding xanthophyll metabolism; John Landrum for supplying synthetic (3R,6'R)-3'-dehydro-lutein.; Supported by USDA 581950-9-001, NIH grants DK29930 and RR00163, The Foundation Fighting Blindness, and DSM Nutrition, Ltd. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1096-4959 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 151 IS 1 BP 70 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2008.05.014 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 344CU UT WOS:000258904000010 PM 18582588 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Lillehoj, EP Cho, SM Park, DW Hong, YH Chun, HK Park, HJ AF Lee, Sung-Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Erik P. Cho, Soo-Muk Park, Dong-Woon Hong, Yeong-Ho Chun, Hye-Kyung Park, Hong-Ju TI Immunomodulatory properties of dietary plum on coccidiosis SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE plum; immunomodulation; chicken; coccidiosis; Eimeria; lymphocytes; cytokines ID INTESTINAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DELTA-T-CELLS; EIMERIA-TENELLA INFECTIONS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; BROILER-CHICKENS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; ACERVULINA; FRUITS AB The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary Supplementation with a lyophilized powder made from plums (P) on host protective immune responses against avian coccidiosis, the most economically important parasitic disease of poultry. One-day-old White Leghorn chickens were fed from the time of hatch with a standard diet either without P (control and P 0 groups) or supplemented with P at 0.5% (P 0.5) or 1.0% (P 1.0) of the diet. Animals in the P 0, P 0.5, and P 1.0 groups were orally challenged with 5000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria acervulina at day 12 post-hatch, while control animals were uninfected. Dietary supplementation of P increased body weight gain, reduced fecal oocyst shedding, and increased the levels of mRNAs for interferon-gamma and interleukin-15 in the P 1.0 group at 10 days post-infection compared with the P 0 group. Furthermore, chickens fed either the P 0.5 or P 1.0 diets exhibited significantly greater spleen cell proliferation compared with the non-plum P 0 group. These results indicate that plum possesses immune enhancing properties, and that feeding chickens a plum-supplemented diet augments protective immunity against coccidiosis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Sung-Hyen; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Park, Dong-Woon; Hong, Yeong-Ho] Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lee, Sung-Hyen; Cho, Soo-Muk; Chun, Hye-Kyung] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Agr Sci & Technol, Natl Rural Resources Dev Inst, Suwon, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. EM hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 55 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 31 IS 5 BP 389 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2007.06.005 PG 14 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 338FJ UT WOS:000258491200001 PM 17686519 ER PT J AU White, WH Viator, RP Dufrene, EO Dalley, CD Richard, EP Tew, TL AF White, W. H. Viator, R. P. Dufrene, E. O. Dalley, C. D. Richard, E. P., Jr. Tew, T. L. TI Re-evaluation of sugarcane borer (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) bioeconomics SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Diatraea saccharalis; integrated pest management; host plant resistance; Saccharum spp ID REGISTRATION; PYRALIDAE; RESISTANCE; CULTIVARS AB The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is the key insect pest of sugarcane, Saccharum spp., grown in Louisiana. For more than 40 years, Louisiana sugarcane farmers have used a value of 10% internodes bored at harvest as the economic injury level (EIL). Three plant-cane studies were conducted to re-evaluate the long-standing sugarcane borer EIL level using the most recently released varieties of sugarcane. Varieties were exposed to artificially enhanced borer infestations; the experimental treatments consisted of borer control with insecticides or no control. Data were collected on infestation intensity, damage intensity, and associated yield losses. Crop yields from plots were obtained by mechanical harvesting, and losses were classified as field losses, e.g. losses of gross tonnage in the field and factory losses, e.g., losses that were realized at the factory as cane is being milled. Farm income is based on the product of these two measures of yield, i.e. cane yield x sugar yield. In our study, seasonal stalk-infestation counts did not reveal any indication of preference by the borer moths for a specific variety; infestation pressure was generally uniform within a season among the varieties that we planted. Significant differences were detected among the varieties for harvest percentage of internodes bored as well as yields between borer-controlled and non-controlled plots (P < 0.05). In general, varieties were less susceptible to losses in the field (sugarcane yields) than in the factory (sugar yields). As a group, the most recent varieties released to Louisiana growers exhibit more tolerance to the borer than varieties grown 40 years ago. The percent reduction in sugar/ha loss per 1 % internodes bored has decreased from an average of 0.74 for varieties grown in the 1960s to 0.61 as a mean for the newly released varieties. Although the cost associated with an insecticide application for sugarcane borer control has increased nearly 4-fold from 1971 to present, sugar yields have increased by approximately 60% allowing farmers to offset some of these increased costs. Our economic analysis indicates that the EIL of 10% internodes bored is too high, considering the high yielding potential and susceptibility of currently grown varieties. For the most at risk farmer, the tenant farmer, a more appropriate value for the EIL is 6% internodes bored. However, this EIL can be raised 12% if a resistant variety is grown. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [White, W. H.; Viator, R. P.; Dufrene, E. O.; Dalley, C. D.; Richard, E. P., Jr.; Tew, T. L.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, So Reg Res Ctr, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP White, WH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, So Reg Res Ctr, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM william.white@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1256 EP 1261 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2008.03.011 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 326JL UT WOS:000257654600005 ER PT J AU Sequeira, RV Naranjo, SE AF Sequeira, Richard V. Naranjo, Steven E. TI Sampling and management of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B in Australian cotton SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; cotton; management zones; binomial sampling plan ID SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION-DENSITY; NATURAL ENEMIES; PLANS; ALEYRODIDAE; HOMOPTERA; CONSERVATION; RESISTANCE; VALIDATION; IPM AB Data on seasonal population abundance of Bemisia tabaci biotype B (silverleaf whitefly (SLW)) in Australian cotton fields collected over four consecutive growing seasons (2002/2003-2005/2006) were used to develop and validate a multiple-threshold-based management and sampling plan. Non-linear growth trajectories estimated from the field sampling data were used as benchmarks to classify adult SLW field populations into six density-based management zones with associated control recommendations in the context of peak flowering and open boll crop growth stages. Control options based on application of insect growth regulators (IGRs) are recommended for high-density populations (> 2 adults/leaf) whereas conventional (non-IGR) products are recommended for the control of low to moderate population densities. A computerised re-sampling program was used to develop and test a binomial sampling plan. Binomial models with thresholds of T = 1, 2 and 3 adults/leaf were tested using the field abundance data. A binomial plan based on a tally threshold of T = 2 adults/leaf and a minimum sample of 20 leaves at nodes 3, 4 or 5 below the terminal is recommended as the most parsimonious and practical sampling protocol for Australian cotton fields. A decision support guide with management zone boundaries expressed as binomial counts and control options appropriate for various SLW density situations is presented. Appropriate use of chemical insecticides and tactics for successful field control of whiteflies are discussed. Crown Copyright (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sequeira, Richard V.] Plant Sci Delivery, Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Emerald, Qld, Australia. [Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Sequeira, RV (reprint author), Plant Sci Delivery, Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Emerald, Qld, Australia. EM richard.sequeira@dpi.qld.gov.au NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 27 IS 9 BP 1262 EP 1268 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2008.04.002 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 326JL UT WOS:000257654600006 ER PT J AU Nelson, PT Coles, ND Holland, JB Bubeck, DM Smith, S Goodman, MM AF Nelson, Paul T. Coles, Nathan D. Holland, James B. Bubeck, David M. Smith, Stephen Goodman, Major M. TI Molecular characterization of maize inbreds with expired US plant variety protection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HYBRID MAIZE; SOUTHERN USA; DENT CORN; GERMPLASM; REGISTRATION; LINES; DIVERSITY; PEDIGREE; POPULATION; MARKERS AB Maize inbred lines with expired Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) certificates are publicly available and potentially represent a new germplasm resource for many public and private breeding programs. However, accurate pedigree and genetic background information for ex-PVPA maize inbreds is necessary if they are to be effectively utilized in breeding efforts. We have used single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to evaluate the relationships and population structure among 92 ex-PVPA inbred lines in relation to 17 well-known public inbreds. Based on unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering, principal components analysis, and model-based clustering, we identified six primary genetic clusters represented by the prominent inbred lines B73, Mo17, PH207, A632, Oh43, and B37. We also determined the genetic background of ex-PVPA inbreds with conflicting, ambiguous, or undisclosed pedigrees. We assessed genetic diversity across subsets of ex-PVPA lines and concluded that the ex-PVPA lines are no more diverse than the public set evaluated here. Additionally, all alleles present in the ex-PVPA inbreds, for the 614 SNPs included in this study, are also found in public temperate maize germplasm. C1 [Holland, James B.; Goodman, Major M.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Bubeck, David M.; Smith, Stephen] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Crop Genet Res & Prod Dev, DuPont Agr & Nutr, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Goodman, MM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dep Crop Sci, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM maize_resources@ncsu.edu OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 FU USDA-IFAFS [2001-52101-11507]; National Science Foundation [DBI-0321467]; USDA-ARS GEM [SCA 3625-4-125]; ioneer Fellowship in Plant Sciences; NC Ag Foundation Fellowship FX This research was supported by a USDA-IFAFS multidisciplinary training grant to North Carolina State University (award no. 2001-52101-11507), a National Science Foundation grant (DBI-0321467), the USDA-ARS GEM Project (SCA 3625-4-125), a Pioneer Fellowship in Plant Sciences (to P.T. Nelson), and an NC Ag Foundation Fellowship (to N.D. Coles). Part of this work was carried out by using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit from Cornell University, which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation. Genotyping was conducted by Pioneer HiBred International Inc. Some of the data used in this study were generated by the Panzea project (http://www.panzea.org, verified 8 Apr. 2008). NR 37 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1673 EP 1685 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.02.0092 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100003 ER PT J AU Balint-Kurti, PJ Wisser, R Zwonitzer, JC AF Balint-Kurti, Peter J. Wisser, Randall Zwonitzer, John C. TI Use of an advanced intercross line population for precise mapping of quantitative trait loci for gray leaf spot resistance in maize SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CERCOSPORA-ZEAE-MAYDIS; HETEROSTROPHUS RACE-O; GENETIC-MAP; INBRED LINES; BLIGHT; IDENTIFICATION; GENOMICS; LINKAGE; MARKERS; ACCESS AB Gray leaf spot [GLS, causal agent Cercospora zeae-maydis (Tehon and E. Y. Daniels)] is an important fungal disease of maize in the U.S. and worldwide. The IBM population, an advanced intercross recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between the maize lines Mo17 (resistant) and B73 (susceptible), was evaluated in three environments (Andrews, NC in 2005, 2006, and 2007) for resistance to GLS and for days from planting to anthesis (DTA). A conventional recombinant inbred line population derived from the same two parents (the "Stuber" population) was also assessed for GLS resistance in two environments (Andrews NC, 2004 and 2005). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GLS resistance were detected in each population. Five significant QTL were detected in the IBM population in bins 1.05, 2.04, 4.05, 9.03, and 9.05. In each case the QTL were localized to regions less than 3 centiMorgans (W). Two QTL for GLS resistance were identified in the Stuber population in bins 2.04 and 7.05. The GLS QTL in bin 2.04 was previously identified as a QTL for southern leaf blight resistance in the IBM population. These results were compared with results from five previous GLS QTL studies and two potential GLS QTL "hotspots" were identified in bins 1.05-1.06 and 2.03-2.05. As expected, QTL were identified with much more precision in the IBM population compared to the Stuber population and to previous studies. There was no significant correlation between disease resistance and days to anthesis. Three DTA QTL were detected in bins 4.09, 8.05, and 9.02, which did not co-localize with GLS QTL. C1 [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.; Wisser, Randall; Zwonitzer, John C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Peter.Balint-Kurti@ars.usda.gov OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU USDA-ARS; CGIAR Generation Challenge Program; USDA-NRI; Corn Growers Association of North Carolina, Inc. FX The authors wish to thank Pioneer Hi-Bred International and Monsanto Company for providing field space and planting experiments in Andrews, NC. We are also grateful to Pat Fredrichs, Donna Stephens, Ann Stapleton, Jim Holland, Araby Belcher, and Kristen Kmup for assistance with various aspects of this work. This work was funded by the USDA-ARS and by grants from the CGIAR Generation Challenge Program, the USDA-NRI, and the Corn Growers Association of North Carolina, Inc. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1696 EP 1704 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0679 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100005 ER PT J AU Scott, MP Darrigues, A Stahly, TS Lamkey, K AF Scott, M. Paul Darrigues, Audrey Stahly, Timothy S. Lamkey, Kendall TI Recurrent selection to alter grain methionine concentration and improve nutritional value of maize SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; TRYPTOPHAN; GERMPLASM; LYSINE; REGISTRATION; THREONINE; HYBRIDS AB Methionine is an essential amino acid that is limiting in maize- (Zea mays L.) based diets. The objective of this work was to determine whether we could alter grain methionine concentration in random-mated maize populations by mass selection for methionine concentration using a microbial assay. In one study, we developed two populations by selecting for high or low methionine concentration (HM or LM, respectively) for three generations starting from the randommated population BS11. Grain from these populations was used to formulate diets for a feeding trial in which 15 rats were fed HM grain and 15 rats were fed LM grain. Rats on the HM diet had a 0.018 higher feed efficiency (g gain/g feed) than rats on the LM diet. In a second study, we performed three cycles of selection for high or low methionine concentration starting with two random-mated populations, BS11 and BS31. We evaluated each cycle of selection in a field trial with two replications in each of two years. Methionine concentration was significantly correlated with the cycle of selection, changing on average 0.004 g methionine/100 g grain per cycle. Kernel mass, %N, oil, protein, starch, tryptophan, and lysine concentration did not exhibit significant correlations with cycle of selection. We conclude that recurrent selection for grain methionine concentration using a microbial assay is an effective method to alter methionine content. C1 [Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Darrigues, Audrey; Lamkey, Kendall] Iowa State Univ, Agron Dep, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Scott, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM pscott@iastate.edu RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010; Lamkey, Kendall/D-7631-2013 OI Lamkey, Kendall/0000-0001-8510-8798 NR 18 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1705 EP 1713 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0010 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100006 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Rojas, A Scott, MP Leyva, OR Menz, M Betran, J AF Gutierrez-Rojas, Andres Scott, M. Paul Leyva, Otto R. Menz, Monica Betran, Javier TI Phenotypic characterization of quality protein maize endosperm modification and amino acid contents in a segregating recombinant inbred population SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR OPAQUE-2; ZEA-MAYS-L; GRAIN-YIELD; ZEIN GENES; CORN; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; PARAMETERS; TEXTURE; SORGHUM AB The protein quality of maize (Zea mays L.) can be improved by replacing normal Opaque2 alleles with nonfunctional recessive alleles (o2). Homozygous o2 kernels have increased levels of lysine and tryptophan. Unfortunately, the associated soft texture of the o2 kernels causes poor yield and susceptibility to diseases and insects. Breeding has resulted in the development of o2 genotypes with improved endosperm hardness; such genotypes are referred to as quality protein maize (QPM). Quality protein maize germplasm is utilized in breeding programs worldwide and has been competitive in yield trials. To understand the genetics of endosperm modification, a population of 146 recombinant inbred lines (S 5 to S 7) derived from a cross between the o2 inbred B73o2 and the QPM inbred CML161 was evaluated in two Texas locations from 2004 to 2006. The endosperm traits texture, opacity, and vitreousness were highly affected by inbred line genotype, were highly correlated with each other, and exhibited high broad-sense heritability. Relative content of the essential amino acids lysine, tryptophan, and methionine were also highly affected by the inbred line genotype, and exhibited high broad-sense heritability. Negative correlation was observed between enclosperm texture traits and amino acid contents. Favorable responses to selection can be expected for both enclosperm texture modification and relative content of the essential amino acids if they are efficiently monitored. C1 [Gutierrez-Rojas, Andres; Menz, Monica; Betran, Javier] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gutierrez-Rojas, Andres; Menz, Monica; Betran, Javier] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Leyva, Otto R.] Colegio Postgrad, Cordoba 94500, Mexico. RP Betran, J (reprint author), Syngenta Seeds SAS, 12 Chemin LHobit, F-31790 St Saveur, France. EM javier.betran@sybgenta.com RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 FU Texas Agricultural Experimental Station-TAES; Pioneer Hi-Bred International Scholarship FX This work was supported by a grant from the Texas Agricultural Experimental Station-TAES to J.B. and M.M., A.G. received support from the Pioneer Hi-Bred International Scholarship. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Cristina Cruz, Kerry Mayfield, Halima Atta, and Merinda Struthers. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1714 EP 1722 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0429 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100007 ER PT J AU Fernandez, MGS Hamblin, MT Li, L Rooney, WL Tuinstra, MP Kresovich, S AF Fernandez, Maria G. Salas Hamblin, Martha T. Li, Li Rooney, William L. Tuinstra, Mitchell P. Kresovich, Stephen TI Quantitative trait loci analysis of endosperm color and carotenoid content in sorghum grain SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; SIMPLE-SEQUENCE REPEATS; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; BETA-CAROTENE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENE; PLANTS; MAP; ACCUMULATION; ENCODES AB Vitamin A deficiency affects approximately 250 million people in semiarid regions of Africa and Asia, where sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench) is a major staple crop. Yellow endosperm sorghums contain carotenoids, some of which can be transformed by humans into vitamin A. Our objective was to study the genetic basis of variation in carotenoid levels in sorghum endosperm by mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with carotenoid content and endosperm color, as a putative predictor of carotenoid concentration. A recombinant inbred line population developed from a yellow ('KS115') by a white endosperm ('Macia') parental cross was evaluated in two locations in 2005. A genetic map was generated using 112 molecular markers including nine carotenoid candidate genes. Lutein, zeaxanthin, and beta-carotene were the major carotenoids identified. Several QTL were detected for each compound as well as for color and total carotenoids. Color was significantly correlated with the levels of all compounds, and color QTL co-localized with carotenoid QTL. For beta-carotene (provitamin A), five QTL were localized on chromosomes 1, 2, and 10. One of them, on chromosome 2, was stable across both environments, had positive additive effects (1.179 and 1.379), explained large proportions of the phenotypic variance (11.6% and 15.15%), and was associated with a new phytoene synthase gene (Psy3). This first report of QTL for carotenoid content in sorghum grain provides a starting point for breeding high-provitamin A sorghums. C1 [Hamblin, Martha T.; Kresovich, Stephen] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Li, Li] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tuinstra, Mitchell P.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Kresovich, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, 158 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sk20@cornell.edu NR 48 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 18 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1732 EP 1743 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0684 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100009 ER PT J AU Kang, ST Mian, MAR Hammond, RB AF Kang, Sung-Taeg Mian, M. A. Rouf Hammond, Ronald B. TI Soybean aphid resistance in PI 243540 is controlled by a single dominant gene SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM; JACKSON AB The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in many soybean growing countries of the world. Host plant resistance is a very useful component of an integrated pest management program to control an insect problem. A maturity group (MG) IV plant introduction (PI) 243540 showed strong antibiosis resistance against the Ohio biotype of the soybean aphid. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of soybean aphid resistance gene(s) in PI 243540. The F(1), F(2), and F(2)-derived F(3) families from a cross between an aphid susceptible cultivar Wyandot and resistant PI 243540 were screened in a greenhouse with the Ohio biotype of the soybean aphid. All F, plants were resistant to the soybean aphid and chi(2) analysis of segregation of 341 F 2 plants indicated a fit to a single dominant gene ratio of 3:1 (P = 0.51). Segregation in 330 F 2:3 families fit an expected 1:21 ratio (P = 0.40). Our results indicate that a single dominant gene controls the soybean aphid resistance in PI 243540. The simple inheritance of this gene should be helpful to quickly transfer the gene to susceptible elite cultivars using the backcross breeding approach. C1 [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Kang, Sung-Taeg] RDA, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Suwon 441857, South Korea. [Hammond, Ronald B.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Entomol, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu FU UDSA-ARS; Korean Government (MOEHPD) [KRF-2006-677-F00001] FX We thank Jane Todd, Tim Melidiola, and Scott Beil for their technical help in this study. This study was supported by UDSA-ARS. It was also partly supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHPD) (KRF-2006-677-F00001). NR 18 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1744 EP 1748 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0672 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100010 ER PT J AU Bachlava, E Burton, JW Brownie, C Wang, SB Auclair, J Cardinal, AJ AF Bachlava, Eleni Burton, Joseph W. Brownie, Cavell Wang, Sanbao Auclair, Jerome Cardinal, Andrea J. TI Heritability of oleic acid content in soybean seed oil and its genetic correlation with fatty acid and agronomic traits SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; PALMITATE CONTENT; SELECTION; TEMPERATURE; INHERITANCE; STABILITY; LINES; REGISTRATION; POPULATIONS; M23 AB Oleate content is important for the nutritional value and oxidative stability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed oil. Response to selection for higher oleate content depends on its heritability in breeding populations, and correlated responses of other fatty acid and agronomic traits to selection for oleate content depend on their genetic correlations with oleate. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability of oleate content and to determine the correlation of oleate with other fatty acid and agronomic traits in three soybean populations segregating for major and minor oleate genes grown in multiple environments. One of the populations consisted of 721 lines, providing excellent precision for estimation of the genetic parameters. The results of this study indicated that heritability for oleate content was sufficiently high that early generation selection can be effective when practiced on unreplicated lines grown at a single environment. Significant negative correlations were observed between oleate and linoleate, oleate and linolenate, as well as oleate and palmitate in all three populations. Significant positive correlations were detected between palmitate and stearate in one population segregating for oleate genes and fap(nc) and fap1 alleles, which reduce palmitate content. In the same population we also observed a significant negative correlation between yield and oleate content, and positive correlations between yield and linoleate, and linolenate and palmitate contents. C1 [Bachlava, Eleni; Burton, Joseph W.; Wang, Sanbao; Auclair, Jerome; Cardinal, Andrea J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burton, Joseph W.] USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Brownie, Cavell] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bachlava, E (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ebachla@ncsu.edu FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service National Research Initiative [2003-35300-13190]; United Soybean Board FX The authors would like to thank William Novitzky at the USDA-ARS Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, for providing training and equipment for the fatty acid analysis, and James B. Holland for the review of this manuscript. This project was funded by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service National Research Initiative, Plant Genome Program (award number 2003-35300-13190), and by the United Soybean Board. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1764 EP 1772 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0049 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100014 ER PT J AU Robins, JG Hansen, JL Viands, DR Brummer, EC AF Robins, Joseph G. Hansen, Julie L. Viands, Donald R. Brummer, E. Charles TI Genetic mapping of persistence in tetraploid alfalfa SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE YIELD; WINTER HARDINESS; HETEROSIS; IDENTIFICATION; IMPROVEMENT; GERMPLASM; TRAITS; QTL AB Persistence is a critical trait for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), yet the genetics of this trait are poorly understood. Herein, we characterize an F-1 alfalfa population derived from the cross between the two cultivated alfalfa subpecies for persistence in three production seasons at Ames and Nashua, IA, and one production season at Ithaca, NY. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying persistence were mapped using this population utilizing single-marker analysis and interval mapping procedures. Both parental genomes (Medicago sativa subsp. falcata and M. sativa subsp. sativa) contributed marker alleles associated with persistence, suggesting that alleles from both subspecies have potential for marker-assisted selection. Although, linkage groups 1, 2, and 7 contained putative persistence QTLs, genotype x environment interaction and location-specific QTLs suggest location-specific genetic mechanisms for alfalfa persistence. Nevertheless, in some instances, the same QTLs were identified in different years at the same location. Quantitative trait loci on linkage groups (LGs) 1 and 2 were location-specific for the Ithaca and Ames locations, respectively. The majority of alleles on LG 7 associated with persistence also exhibited association with biomass production and suggest common genetic determinants for both traits. Of particular interest was the identification of simple sequence repeat allele al37288-1a1, which associated positively with persistence in each environment of the study. C1 [Brummer, E. Charles] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Brummer, E. Charles] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Robins, Joseph G.] Utah St Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hansen, Julie L.; Viands, Donald R.] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brummer, EC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM joseph.robins@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NRI [97-35300-4573]; USDA-IFAFS [00-52100-9611]; Hatch Regional Research [NE-1010]; Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Fellowship FX This research was supported by USDA-NRI (97-35300-4573) USDA-IFAFS (00-52100-9611), and Hatch Regional Research Project NE-1010 (all to E.C.B.) and an Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Fellowship (to J.G.R.). NR 26 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1780 EP 1786 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.02.0101 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100016 ER PT J AU Casler, MD AF Casler, M. D. TI Agricultural fitness of smooth bromegrass populations selected for divergent particle-size reduction index SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NUTRITIVE-VALUE; FIBER CONCENTRATION; FORAGE CONSUMPTION; YIELD; ACCOMPLISHMENTS; RUMINANTS; RESPONSES; TRIALS; IMPACT AB Voluntary intake potential of a forage crop is generally considered to be the most important feed characteristic regulating animal performance. Efforts to develop forage crops with reduced neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration are associated with reduced plant fitness, prompting the development of alternative approaches to improve intake, such as particle-size reduction index (PSRI). The objective of this research was to characterize correlated selection responses of four fitness traits following divergent selection for PSRI. Twelve smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) populations (four base populations and their Cycle-1 high-PSRI and Cycle-1 low-PSRI progeny) were evaluated for forage yield, ground cover, seed yield, and lodging. Divergent selection for PSRI resulted in a negative change in forage yield, ranging from -0.097 to -0.379 Mg ha(-1) cycle(-1) across the four base populations. Pleiotropy or very tight linkage between loci controlling forage yield and PSRI accounted for only about half of the variation due to selection. The greater inconsistency of forage yield selection responses across the four populations, the lesser proportion of forage yield sum of squares attributable to divergence (pleiotropy or tight linkage), and the reduced magnitude of linear selection responses for PSRI compared to NDF suggest that PSRI may be a more effective selection criterion for improving intake potential of smooth bromegrass. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM michael.casler@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1793 EP 1798 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0649 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100018 ER PT J AU Knott, CA Van Sanford, DA Souza, EJ AF Knott, Carrie A. Van Sanford, David A. Souza, Edward J. TI Comparison of selection methods for the development of white-seeded lines from red x white soft winter wheat crosses SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EARLY GENERATION SELECTION; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; SPRING WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; ANTIFUNGAL PROTEINS; REDUCED VIRULENCE; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; KERNEL COLOR; BREAD-WHEAT AB There has been increasing interest in developing soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars for areas that have traditionally grown only soft red winter wheat. To develop white wheat segregates in a red wheat breeding program requires deliberate breeding decisions. The objectives of this study were to assess differences in agronomic, disease, and milling and baking quality traits between red and white progeny in 11 red x white crosses and to determine the optimal time and method for identifying white segregates from red x white crosses. Red and white progeny from the 11 populations were evaluated in replicated experiments at three locations in 2005-2006. White progeny produced significantly (p < 0.05) lower grain yields than red progeny in two of five environments studied. Deoxynivalenol level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in white than in red progeny in the three environments in which it was measured. Flour yield, flour lactic acid solvent retention capacity, and softness equivalent were significantly (p < 0.05) lower for white progeny than for red progeny. To determine the optimal generation for selection of white lines, early-generation bulk selection was compared with single seed descent in three populations at two locations. Although there were significant (p < 0.05) differences between selection methods within populations, neither breeding method was consistently superior across the three populations. Simulated selection of superior white lines based on agronomic and milling and baking quality showed no significant differences between the selection methods. C1 [Van Sanford, David A.] Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Knott, Carrie A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Souza, Edward J.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Van Sanford, DA (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dvs@email.uky.edu FU Kentucky Small Grain Promotion Council; USDA-CSREES New Crop Opportunities Special Grant FX This research was supported by the Kentucky Small Grain Promotion Council and by a USDA-CSREES New Crop Opportunities Special Grant. The authors thank the following individuals: members of the USDA-ARS Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory, Wooster, OH, Amy Bugaj and Sue Carson for conducting milling and baking quality assays; Tom Donelson for data processing; and Anthony Clark for his careful reading of the manuscript. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1807 EP 1816 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0547 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100020 ER PT J AU Kolmer, JA Singh, RP Garvin, DF Viccars, L William, HM Huerta-Espino, J Ogbonnaya, FC Raman, H Orford, S Bariana, HS Lagudah, ES AF Kolmer, James A. Singh, Ravi P. Garvin, David F. Viccars, Libby William, Harinder M. Huerta-Espino, Jullo Ogbonnaya, Francis C. Raman, Harsh Orford, Simon Bariana, Harbans S. Lagudah, Evans S. TI Analysis of the Lr34/Yr18 rust resistance region in wheat germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; LEAF TIP NECROSIS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; COMMON WHEAT; GENE LR34; BREAD WHEAT; STRIPE RUST; PUCCINIA-RECONDITA; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; POWDERY MILDEW AB The Lr34/Yr18 adult plant resistance gene contributes significantly to durable leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) resistance. Simple and robust molecular markers that enable early detection of Lr34/Yr18 are a major advancement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding. An insertion/deletion size variant located at the csLV34 locus on chromosome 7D within an intron sequence of a sulfate transporter-like gene tightly linked to the Lr34/Yr18 dual rust resistance gene was used to examine a global collection of wheat cultivars, landraces, and D genome-containing diploid and polyploid species of wheat relatives. Two predominant allelic size variants, csLV34a and b, found among the wheat cultivars showed disparate variation in different wheat growing zones. A strong association was observed between the presence of Lr34/Yr18 and the csLV34b allele and wheat lines known to have Lr34/Yr18 that had the csLV34a allele were rare. All landraces with the exception of those from China were predominantly of the csLV34a type. Only one size variant, csLV34a, was detected among the diploid and polyploid D genome-containing species, indicating that csLV34b arose subsequent to hexaploid bread wheat synthesis. The lineage of the csLV34b allele associated with Lr34/Yr18 in modern wheat cultivars from North and South America, CIMMYT, Australia, and Russia was tracked back to the cultivars Mentana and Ardito developed in Italy by Nazareno Strampelli in the early 1900s. The robustness of the csLV34 marker in postulating the likely occurrence of Lr34/Yr18 across a wide range of wheat germplasm and its utility in wheat breeding was confirmed. C1 [Viccars, Libby; Lagudah, Evans S.] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Ogbonnaya, Francis C.] DNRE, Horsham, Vic, Australia. [Raman, Harsh] NSW Dep Primary Ind, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia. [Orford, Simon] John Innes Ctr, Norwich, Norfolk, England. [Bariana, Harbans S.] Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst, Camden, NSW, Australia. [Kolmer, James A.; Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolmer, James A.; Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Singh, Ravi P.; William, Harinder M.] CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Huerta-Espino, Jullo] Campo Expt Valle Mexico INIFAP, Chapingo 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. RP Lagudah, ES (reprint author), CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM evans.lagudah@csiro.au RI lagudah, evans/A-2007-2010; RAMAN, HARSH/N-8891-2016; Ogbonnaya, Francis/C-5237-2014 OI RAMAN, HARSH/0000-0001-9761-1518; Ogbonnaya, Francis/0000-0002-8596-7362 FU Grains Research and Development Corporation [CSP00063]; Project CIM13 FX This work was funded by the Grains Research and Development Corporation as a component project of the Australian Winter Cereal Molecular marker Program (grant no. CSP00063) to CSIRO and Project CIM13 to CIMMYT. NR 35 TC 72 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1841 EP 1852 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0474 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100024 ER PT J AU Greene, SL Kisha, TJ Dzyubenko, NI AF Greene, Stephanie L. Kisha, Theodore J. Dzyubenko, Nikolai I. TI Conserving alfalfa wild relatives: Is past introgression with Russian varieties evident today? SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MEDICAGO-SATIVA LEGUMINOSAE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; ALLELE FREQUENCIES; DNA MARKERS; DIFFERENTIATION; PROGRAM; AFLP AB Central Asia, particularly Kazakhstan, supports a rich concentration of wild alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) relatives. Because tetraploid wild alfalfa freely crosses with domesticated alfalfa, they are important genetic resources. When identifying in situ populations to conserve, contamination of wild populations with domesticated alleles is an important consideration. We evaluated population structure and introgression between six wild populations of M. sativa nothossp. varia collected in northwestern Kazakhstan and five traditional Russian cultivars historically grown in the same region using two amplified fragment length polymorphism primer pairs and six simple sequence repeat loci. We found no difference between the Russian cultivars and wild populations for number of alleles or percentage polymorphic loci; however, gene diversity was less in the wild than in the cultivated populations. Cluster analysis and principle component analysis showed clear separation between wild and cultivated populations. Genetic differentiation among the cultivars was less than among the wild populations. Using a Bayesian approach, we found limited evidence of admixture among the wild and cultivated forms, although more admixture was evident in wild populations collected in less-remote areas. On the basis of marker data, we concluded that three of the six wild populations stood out as candidates for in situ conservation given their uniqueness and lack of admixture with cultivated forms. C1 [Greene, Stephanie L.] USDA ARS, Natl Temperate Forage Legume Germ Plasm Resources, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Kisha, Theodore J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Introduct Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dzyubenko, Nikolai I.] NI Vavilov Inst, St Petersburg 196600, Russia. RP Greene, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Temperate Forage Legume Germ Plasm Resources, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM stephanie.greene@ars.usda.gov RI Dzyubenko, Nikolay /B-4439-2017 OI Dzyubenko, Nikolay /0000-0003-0250-5814 FU USDA National Plant Germplasm System FX S. Greene and N. Dzubenko wish to thank the other members of the 2000 Kazakhstan exploration trip, R. Hannan, A. Afonin, and A. Klusainov and acknowledge the funding provided by the USDA National Plant Germplasm System to support the collecting trip. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1853 EP 1864 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0668 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100025 ER PT J AU Johnson, RC Dajue, L AF Johnson, R. C. Dajue, Li TI Safflower winter survival and selection response relates to fall growth morphology and acclimation capacity SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FREEZE TOLERANCE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; ZOYSIAGRASSES; ACCUMULATION; MEMBRANE; PROTEINS; INJURY AB Fall-planted safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) offers potentially higher yield than spring-sown types. Yet winter survival in relation to fall growth and physiological aspects of acclimation has not been determined. Our objectives were (i) to determine the relationship between fall growth and winter survival in safflower, (ii) to assess if selection improved winter survival, and (iii) to determine if water relations and membrane leakage distinguished safflower varying in winter survival. Fall growth, leaf water relations, and leaf membrane leakage were measured in fall 2004 and 2005 at Pullman and Central Ferry, WA, and winter survival was determined. Average minimum winter temperatures were 1.0 degrees C at Central Ferry and -3.9 degrees C at Pullman, with extremes of -7.2 degrees C at Central Ferry and -19.5 degrees C at Pullman. For the 21 accessions evaluated, low fall plant habit was required for survival, but survival also varied substantially among low-habit types. Two cycles of recurrent mass selection on five low-habit types improved winter survival from 21 to 59% at Central Ferry and from 8 to 18% at Pullman. The highest survival was for BJ-27 after two selection cycles, averaging 90% at Central Ferry and 38% at Pullman. Accession BJ-27 maintained higher leaf pressure potential during fall acclimation in 2004-2005 and in 2005-2006 had higher pressure potential and membrane stability on the 8 January sampling than less-hardy types. The results show that both low habit and physiological acclimation capacity are needed for high winter survival in safflower. C1 [Johnson, R. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dajue, Li] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Beijing Bot Garden, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Box 646402, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rcjohnson@wsu.edu NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1872 EP 1880 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0047 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100027 ER PT J AU Martin, RC Hollenbeck, VG Dombrowski, JE AF Martin, Ruth C. Hollenbeck, Vicky G. Dombrowski, James E. TI Evaluation of reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR in Lolium perenne SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SUPPRESSION SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; MESSENGER-RNA; DNA; EXPRESSION; AMPLIFICATION; CLONING; PROBES AB Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) provides an important tool for analyzing gene expression if proper internal standards are used. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate reference genes for use in real-time quantitative RT-PCR in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) during plant development. Partial sequences of nine L. perenne housekeeping genes were obtained by RT-PCR using degenerate primers designed from the corresponding genes in closely related species. Primers for quantitative RT-PCR were designed based on partial sequences. The housekeeping genes were evaluated for their expression stability in different tissues at various stages of development. The analysis found that eEF-1 alpha and eIF-4a were the most stable and beta-TUB was the least stable of the genes tested when all tissues were analyzed together. Analysis by geNorm indicated that the four most stably expressed housekeeping genes (eEF-1 alpha, eIF-4a, 25S rPNA, and GAPDH) should be utilized when normalizing gene expression during plant developmental studies. For root crown tissues at different stages of development, eIF-4a and 25S rRNA were the most stably expressed of the housekeeping genes tested. In leaf tissues, eEF-1 alpha and UBQ5 were the most stably expressed of the housekeeping genes tested. We found that using two housekeeping genes as reference genes is sufficient during RT-PCR gene expression studies when analyzing either root crown or leaf tissues during different stages of development. C1 [Martin, Ruth C.; Hollenbeck, Vicky G.; Dombrowski, James E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Dombrowski, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dombrowj@onid.orst.edu NR 24 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1881 EP 1887 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0597 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100028 ER PT J AU Balota, M William, AP Evett, SR Peters, TR AF Balota, Maria Payne, William A. Evett, Steven R. Peters, Troy R. TI Morphological and physiological traits associated with canopy temperature depression in three closely related wheat lines SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; LEAF WATER-RETENTION; GAS-EXCHANGE; WINTER-WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; DURUM-WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; NIGHTTIME CONDUCTANCE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE AB Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with high canopy temperature depression (CTD) tend to have higher grain yield under dry, hot conditions. Therefore, CTD has been used as a selection criterion to improve adaptation to drought and heat. The CTD is a result of the leaf's energy balance, which includes terms determined by environment and physiological traits. We hypothesized that one or more of several physiological traits contributed to consistent CTD differences among three closely-related winter wheat lines grown under dryland conditions. For three years we measured several leaf traits, including CTD, leaf dimension, gas exchange rates, and carbon-13 isotope discrimination (A). Soil water content was also monitored. Data showed that daytime CTD was related to the leaf size in these wheat lines. The most drought-tolerant line, TX86A8072, had consistently smaller and narrower leaves than TX86A5606, the least drought tolerant. For TX86A8072, dryland and irrigated average noon CTD was -0.8 degrees C, and average flag leaf area (LA) 11 cm(2), for TX86A5606, values were -1.7 degrees C and 12.5 cm(2), respectively. However, TX86A8072 also had higher CTD (i.e., lower temperatures) than TX86A5606 at night, despite a theoretically greater sensible heat transfer coefficient, suggesting greater nighttime transpiration (T). Implications of these traits on nighttime leaf energy balance and possible adaptive roles of nighttime Tare discussed. C1 [Balota, Maria; Payne, William A.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Evett, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Peters, Troy R.] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Balota, M (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Tidewater AREC, 6321 Holland Rd, Suffolk, VA 23437 USA. EM mbalota@vt.edu RI Mason, Richard/F-9865-2010 FU Fulbright Commission; Texas Wheat Producers Board; Texas Water Resource Institute FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Fulbright Commission, the Texas Wheat Producers Board, and the Texas Water Resource Institute. The authors also thank Dr. Lee Her, from IAEA Vienna for her help with carbon-13 isotope discrimination analyses. NR 75 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1897 EP 1910 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.06.0317 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100030 ER PT J AU Fisher, DS Burns, JC AF Fisher, D. S. Burns, J. C. TI Testing for variation in animal preference for Jesup tall fescue hays with wild-type, novel, or no fungal endophyte SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE QUALITY; PERFORMANCE; SHEEP; CONSUMPTION; RESPONSES; GRASSES; CATTLE; DIGESTIBILITY; PERSISTENCE; TOXICOSIS AB Tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub.] is an important source of forage but often contains a fungal endophyte [Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) Glenn, Bacon, and Hanlin] that can produce alkaloids and decrease animal performance. Removing the endophyte can reduce agronomic performance and persistence. An improved cultivar ('Jesup') with a novel (nontoxic) endophyte (trademark "MaxQ") has improved agronomic performance. Persistence may be related to agronomic traits and animal feeding preferences. We tested for variation in animal preference among two harvests by testing each of three hays made from Jesup tall fescue that varied in endophyte status (no endophyte, containing the novel endophyte, or containing a wild-type endophyte that produces alkaloids associated with toxicosis). We tested for preference using goats (Capra hircus), sheep (Ovis aries), and cattle (Bos taurus). All possible pairs were tested using traditional analysis of variance as well as multidimensional scaling. Multidimensional scaling of the animal preferences indicated that two dimensions were being used to rank the hays. The first dimension for all three animal species was related to variation in forage nutritive value. The second dimension was not correlated with any of the measured variables. Endophyte status was not a factor in the preferences expressed by the three animal species. It appears that no effective feedback mechanism exists related to endophyte status. C1 [Fisher, D. S.] ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Burns, J. C.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Fisher, DS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM Dwight.Fisher@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 2026 EP 2032 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0548 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100045 ER PT J AU Casler, MD van Santen, E AF Casler, Michael D. van Santen, Edzard TI Fungal reduce endophyte removal does not cold tolerance of tall fescue SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COOL MOIST ENVIRONMENT; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; NEOTYPHODIUM-LOLII; DROUGHT; PERSISTENCE; GROWTH; REGISTRATION; ACREMONIUM; RYEGRASS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Tall fescue [Schenodorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub.] has historically been of minor importance to livestock agriculture in cooler regions of the temperate zone. As its use in these regions expands, it becomes increasingly important to understand the effect of infection by its fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams) on agronomic fitness of tall fescue. Our objective was to determine the effect of endophyte infection status on forage yield and survival of tall fescue under field conditions in which freezing temperatures, combined with lack of persistent snow cover, constitute the most significant stress factor. In Experiment 1, we evaluated 427 half-sib families of four tall fescue cultivars, half endophyte-infected (E+) and half endophyte-free (E-), for forage yield and survival. There was no effect of endophyte removal on either forage yield or survival, despite complete stand loss of one cultivar during two winters. In Experiment 2, we evaluated 640 clones of confirmed endophyte status, half E+ and half E-, for survival under two management regimes at four Wisconsin locations. Results were nearly identical to those for Experiment 1, with complete mortality in the unadapted cultivar and high survival rates in the three adapted cultivars, regardless of endophyte status, management, or location. In conclusion, we found no evidence that endophyte removal resulted in any disadvantage to tall fescue host-plant survival under harsh winter conditions. In regions where freezing temperatures and desiccating winds provide the only or most important abiotic stress factor, removal of endophytic fungi do not appear to reduce fitness of their tall fescue host. C1 [Casler, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [van Santen, Edzard] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 2033 EP 2039 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0615 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100046 ER PT J AU Lekgari, LA Baenziger, PS Vogel, KP Baltensperger, DD AF Lekgari, Lekgari A. Baenziger, P. Stephen Vogel, Kenneth P. Baltensperger, David D. TI Identifying winter forage triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) strains for the central Great Plains SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS; QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS; YIELD; GENOTYPE; REGISTRATION; PERFORMANCE AB Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) is mainly used as a forage crop in the central Great Plains. A successful triticale cultivar should have high forage yield with good quality, and also high grain yield so the seed can be economically produced. The purpose of this study was to evaluate existing triticale cultivars and experimental strains for their relative value in the central Great Plains as an annual hay crop primarily for feeding to beef cattle. Two experiments (one for forage yield and one for grain yield) were planted at two locations (one representing the arid Great Plains and the second representing the or higher rainfall central Great Plains) for 2 yr. Twenty-nine triticale cultivars and strains were evaluated for forage yield and quality, and grain yield. In both experiments, year effects were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits except grain yield; location effects were significant for forage yield, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber. There was no location x strain or year x location x strain interaction for all the quality traits indicating that triticale forage quality was stable across environments. Triticale strains differed significantly for forage yield, grain yield, NDF, acid detergent lignin, and relative feed value. However, forage of all strains had good feed quality. Three strains had high grain and forage yield, and very good relative feed value suggesting that triticale improvement for both grain and forage traits is possible. C1 [Lekgari, Lekgari A.; Baenziger, P. Stephen] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vogel, Kenneth P.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Baltensperger, David D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 FU Ministry of Agriculture student's scholarship FX We wish to express our gratitude to wheat program personnel for assistance with plant population management and to Mr. Steve Masterson for assistance with forage quality analysis. This work was partially funded by the Botswana Government under Ministry of Agriculture student's scholarship. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 48 IS 5 BP 2040 EP 2048 DI 10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0048 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 356QG UT WOS:000259792100047 ER PT J AU Nakasone, KK AF Nakasone, Karen K. TI Type studies of corticioid Hymenomycetes described by Bresadola SO CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Corticium crustulinum; Corticium queletii; Corticium quintasianum; Corticium zurhausenii; Cyphella stictoidea; Hyphodontia orasinusensis; Odontia rosae; Odontia stereicola; Odonticium monfraguense; Phanerochaete jose-ferreirae; Radulum crustulinum; Radulum eichleri; Thujacorticium mirabile ID APHYLLOPHORALES; CORTICIACEAE; BOURDOT; FUNGI AB Twenty-six type specimens of corticioid basidiomycetes in the genera Corticium, Cytidia, Grandinia, Hydnum, Kneiffia, Merulius, Odontia, Peniophora and Radulum described by Bresadola, alone or with others, were examined. The new taxon, Phlebia cryptocystidiata, is described and illustrated, and an epitype for Hydnum flacicans is designated. Ten new combinations are proposed: Cristinia eichleri, Dendrothele crustulina, Hyphoderma crustulinum, Hyphodermella rosae, Keiffiella stereicola, Odonticium flavicans, Phanerochaete queletii, Resupinatus stictoideus, Seytinostroma quintasianum. and Thujacorticium zurhansenii. The follwing thirteen taxa were found to be synonyms; Corticium aureolum (= Cerocorticium molle). Corticium leprosum (= Ramaricium polyporoideum), Corticium Hoydii (= Phanerochaete burtii), Corticium luteum (= Intextomyces contiquus), Grandinia schweinitzii (= Radulomyces cremoricolor), Kneiffifragulae (= Cylindrobasidium evolvens). Odontia brassicicola (= Sistotrema brinkmannii), Odontia cremorina (= Hyphodontia bugellensis), Odontia pannosa (= Hyphodermella corrugata), Odontia torrendii (= Dentipellis leptodon), and Peniophora subcremea ochroleucum (= Mycorrhaphium sp.) Merulius fuscescens. Merulius tessellatus (Sclerodermatineae or Paxillineae), and Odontia lilacina (= Grammothele sp). C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Nakasone, KK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM knakasone@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ADAC-CRYPTOGAMIE PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE BUFFON, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0181-1584 J9 CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOL JI Cryptogam. Mycol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 29 IS 3 BP 231 EP 257 PG 27 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 365EC UT WOS:000260387700003 ER PT J AU Puiman, P Stoll, B AF Puiman, Patrycja Stoll, Barbara TI Animal models to study neonatal nutrition in humans SO CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE LA English DT Article DE animal; model; neonate; nutrition ID TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; EXPERIMENTAL NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; PRETERM INFANTS; MOUSE PUPS; AMINO-ACID; ENTERAL NUTRITION; PIGLET MODEL; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT AB Purpose of review The impact of neonatal nutrition on the health status of the newborn and incidence of disease in later life is a topic of intense interest. Animal models are an invaluable tool to identify mechanisms that mediate the effect of nutrition on neonatal development and metabolic function. This review highlights recently developed animal models that are being used to study neonatal human nutrition. Recent findings In recent years, mice, rats, and pigs have become the most frequently used animal models to study human neonatal nutrition. Techniques for rearing newborn mice, preterm rats, and preterm pigs have been developed. Neonatal mice have great potential for mechanistic and genomic research in postnatal nutrition and related diseases. The neonatal pig model is valuable to study acute and chronic effects of parenteral and enteral nutrition on whole-body metabolism as well as specific tissues. To date, a wealth of information from studies with neonatal pigs has been applied to humans. Summary Further development of neonatal animal models related to nutrition is required for the advancement of research in early postnatal nutrition. Improvement of nutritional support during this critical period of development will enhance immediate clinical outcomes and possibly prevent diseases later in life. C1 [Puiman, Patrycja; Stoll, Barbara] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Puiman, Patrycja] Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus MC, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Stoll, B (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM bstoll@bcm.tmc.edu NR 72 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1363-1950 J9 CURR OPIN CLIN NUTR JI Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care PD SEP PY 2008 VL 11 IS 5 BP 601 EP 606 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 345GE UT WOS:000258983400007 PM 18685456 ER PT J AU Melistas, L Mantzoros, CS Kontogianni, M Ordovas, JM Yiannakouris, N AF Melistas, L. Mantzoros, C. S. Kontogianni, M. Ordovas, J. M. Yiannakouris, N. TI Effect of adiponectin gene polymorphisms on circulating total and high-molecular weight adiponectin and insulin resistance in non-diabetic Greek women SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Melistas, L.; Kontogianni, M.; Yiannakouris, N.] Harokopio Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Mantzoros, C. S.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, USDA, JM HNRCA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD SEP PY 2008 VL 51 SU 1 MA 308 BP S131 EP S131 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 340QN UT WOS:000258660200308 ER PT J AU Shelton, DR Karns, JS Park, CH AF Shelton, Daniel R. Karns, Jeffrey S. Park, Choong. H. TI A multiple protocol to improve diagnosis and isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from human stool specimens SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE EHEC; STEC; enterohemorrhagic; Shiga toxin ID RAPID DETECTION; SURFACE WATERS; E. COLI; NON-O157; O157-H7; PCR AB Many infections Caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are undiagnosed, particularly non-O157 STEC. We evaluated the use of a multiple protocol approach to improve diagnosis, isolation, and characterization of STEC strains. Among 18 presumptive STEC-positive stool samples received by the INOVA Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, in 2006, 16 were Shiga toxin positive. From these 16 stool samples, 8O157:H7 and 5 non-O157 STEC were isolated by plating onto sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) agar. The remaining 5 stool samples that did not yield colonies on SMAC agar plates were enriched. All enriched samples were Shiga toxin positive, and 2 O157:H7 and 1 non-O157 STEC were subsequently isolated. The 2 remaining enriched samples did not yield isolates; however, based oil polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, both samples contained STEC genes. Based on PCR analysis of non-O157 strains. 3 strain types were identified. Samples from 3 patients, received within 2 days of one another, had a similar gene profile-eae and six, negative and six, positive-suggesting that these patients were likely infected with the same strain. Our results indicate that a multiple protocol approach is necessary to reliably diagnose and isolate STEC strains, and that PCR profiling of strains could allow for more rapid identification of outbreaks. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shelton, Daniel R.; Karns, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resource Inst, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Park, Choong. H.] INOVA Fairfax Hosp, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. RP Shelton, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resource Inst, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dan.shelton@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.05.001 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 345JZ UT WOS:000258994000002 PM 18550318 ER PT J AU Nemeth, NM Kratz, GE Bates, R Scherpelz, JA Bowen, RA Komar, N AF Nemeth, Nicole M. Kratz, Gail E. Bates, Rebecca Scherpelz, Judy A. Bowen, Richard A. Komar, Nicholas TI Naturally Induced Humoral Immunity to West Nile Virus Infection in Raptors SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Article DE antibody duration; immunity; avian; raptor; West Nile virus ID LOUIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; OWLS MEGASCOPS-ASIO; ANTIBODY PREVALENCE; AMERICAN CROWS; SURVEILLANCE; PERSISTENCE; BIRDS; POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; SENTINEL AB West Nile virus (WNV) infection can be fatal to many bird species, including numerous raptors, though population- and ecosystem-level impacts following introduction of the virus to North America have been difficult to document. Raptors occupy a diverse array of habitats worldwide and are important to ecosystems for their role as opportunistic predators. We documented initial (primary) WNV infection and then regularly measured WNV-specific neutralizing antibody titers in 16 resident raptors of seven species, plus one turkey vulture. Most individuals were initially infected and seroconverted between July and September of 2003, though three birds remained seronegative until summer 2006. Many of these birds became clinically ill upon primary infection, with clinical signs ranging from loss of appetite to moderate neurological disease. Naturally induced WNV neutralizing antibody titers remained essentially unchanged in some birds, while eight individuals experienced secondary rises in titer presumably due to additional exposures at 1, 2, or 3 years following primary infection. No birds experienced clinical signs surrounding or following the time of secondary exposure, and therefore antibodies were considered protective. Results of this study have implications for transmission dynamics of WNV and health of raptor populations, as well as the interpretation of serologic data from free-ranging and captive birds. Antibodies in raptors surviving WNV may persist for multiple years and protect against potential adverse effects of subsequent exposures. C1 [Nemeth, Nicole M.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA APHIS WS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Nemeth, Nicole M.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Nemeth, Nicole M.; Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nemeth, Nicole M.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kratz, Gail E.; Bates, Rebecca; Scherpelz, Judy A.] Rocky Mt Raptor Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Nemeth, NM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM nnemeth@colostate.edu NR 36 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD SEP PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 298 EP 304 DI 10.1007/s10393-008-0183-z PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 397XU UT WOS:000262696500009 PM 18677535 ER PT J AU Schlossberg, S King, DI AF Schlossberg, Scott King, David I. TI Are shrubland birds edge specialists? SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE clearcut; early-successional; ecotone; edge avoidance; edge effects; fragmentation; meta-analysis; shrubland birds ID EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL FORESTS; CENTRAL HARDWOOD FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; AREA-SENSITIVITY; NESTING SUCCESS; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE; ABUNDANCE; INTERIOR AB In studies of forest fragmentation, birds of scrubby, early-successional habitats are considered edge specialists. Because these birds are assumed to thrive in fragmented, edge-dominated areas, their landscape ecology has received little attention from ecologists. With populations of shrubland birds declining throughout the eastern United States, the question of whether or not these birds really prefer edge habitats has important conservation implications. We used a meta-analysis to test how edges affect the abundance of shrubland birds in early-successional habitats. We analyzed data for 17 species from seven studies that compared the abundances of birds in the interiors and edges of regenerating clearcuts surrounded by mature forest. The meta-analysis clearly showed that shrubland birds avoid edges. All 17 species tested had higher abundances in patch centers than along edges, and edge effects were significant for 8 of 17 species. The key implication of this result is that small or irregular patches, dominated by edge, are unlikely to provide suitable habitat for shrubland birds. Thus, management for these declining species should involve providing large patches and minimizing edges. These findings demonstrate the importance of testing widely accepted ecological classifications and the need to view landscape ecology from the perspective of non-forest wildlife. C1 [Schlossberg, Scott] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, No Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Schlossberg, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, 201 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM srs@nrc.umass.edu NR 56 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 26 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1325 EP 1330 DI 10.1890/08-0020.1 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 337CR UT WOS:000258413600001 PM 18767611 ER PT J AU Pearson, DE Callaway, RM AF Pearson, Dean E. Callaway, Ragan M. TI Weed-biocontrol insects reduce native-plant recruitment through second-order apparent competition SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE apparent competition; biological control; Centaurea maculosa; exotic plants; food-web interactions; herbicide; indirect effects; nontarget effects; Peromyscus maniculatus; seed predation; Urophora spp.; weed management ID KNAPWEED CENTAUREA-DIFFUSA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; DEER MOUSE-POPULATIONS; SEED PREDATION; SPOTTED KNAPWEED; SMALL MAMMALS; OLD-FIELDS; BUSH LUPINE; GRASSLAND; COMMUNITIES AB Small-mammal seed predation is an important force structuring native-plant communities that may also influence exotic-plant invasions. In the intermountain West, deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are prominent predators of native-plant seeds, but they avoid consuming seeds of certain widespread invasives like spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa). These mice also consume the biological-control insects Urophora spp. introduced to control C. maculosa, and this food resource substantially increases deer mouse populations. Thus, mice may play an important role in the invasion and management of C. maculosa through food-web interactions. We examined deer mouse seed predation and its effects on seedling emergence and establishment of a dominant native grass, Pseudoroegneria spicata, and forb, Balsamorhiza sagittata, in C. maculosa-invaded grasslands that were treated with herbicide to suppress C. maculosa or left untreated as controls. Deer mice readily took seeds of both native plants but removed 2-20 times more of the larger B. sagittata seeds than the smaller P. spicata seeds. Seed predation reduced emergence and establishment of both species but had greater impacts on B. sagittata. The intensity of seed predation corresponded with annual and seasonal changes in deer mouse abundance, suggesting that abundance largely determined mouse impacts on native-plant seeds. Accordingly, herbicide treatments that reduced mouse abundance by suppressing C. maculosa and its associated biocontrol food subsidies to mice also reduced seed predation and decreased the impact of deer mice on B. sagittata establishment. These results provide evidence that Urophora biocontrol agents may exacerbate the negative effects of C. maculosa on native plants through a form of second-order apparent competition-a biocontrol indirect effect that has not been previously documented. Herbicide suppressed C. maculosa and Urophora, reducing mouse populations and moderating seed predation on native plants, but the herbicide's direct negative effects on native forb seedlings overwhelmed the indirect positive effect of reducing deer mouse seed predation. By manipulating this four-level food chain, we illustrate that host-specific biological control agents may impact nontarget plant species through food-web interactions, and herbicides may influence management outcomes through indirect trophic interactions in addition to their direct effects on plants. C1 [Pearson, Dean E.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Pearson, Dean E.; Callaway, Ragan M.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Pearson, DE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM dpearson@fs.fed.us NR 69 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1489 EP 1500 DI 10.1890/07-1789.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 337CR UT WOS:000258413600014 PM 18767624 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Liknes, GC AF Woodall, C. W. Liknes, G. C. TI Relationships between forest fine and coarse woody debris carbon stocks across latitudinal gradients in the United States as an indicator of climate change effects SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE latitude; coarse woody debris; fine woody debris; carbon; climate change ID BALANCE; TEMPERATURE; DECOMPOSITION; DYNAMICS; DETRITUS AB Coarse and fine woody materials (CWD and FWD) are substantial forest ecosystem carbon (C) stocks. There is a lack of understanding how these detritus C stocks may respond to climate change. This study used a nation-wide inventory of CWD and FWD in the United States to examine how these C stocks vary by latitude. Results indicate that the highest CWD and FWD C stocks are found in forests with the highest latitude, while conversely the lowest C stocks are found in the most southerly forests. CWD and FWD respond differently to changes in latitude with CWD C stocks decreasing more rapidly as latitude decreased. if latitude can be broadly assumed to indicate temperature and potential rate of detrital decay, it may be postulated that CWD C stocks may be at the highest risk of becoming a net C source if temperatures increase. The latitude at which CWD and FWD C stocks roughly equal each other (equilibrium point) may serve as an indicator of changes in C stock equilibrium under a global warming scenario. Given the complex relationships between detrital C stocks, biomass production/decay, and climatic variables, further research is suggested to refine this study's indicator. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Woodall, C. W.; Liknes, G. C.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Woodall, Christopher/D-7757-2012; OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 21 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 4 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 5 BP 686 EP 690 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.11.002 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 297OE UT WOS:000255625200026 ER PT J AU Cushman, SA McGariyal, K Neel, MC AF Cushman, Samuel A. McGariyal, Kevin Neel, Maile C. TI Parsimony in landscape metrics: Strength, universality, and consistency SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE landscape structure; landscape pattern; landscape monitoring; ecological indicators; FRAGSTATS; landscape metrics ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; MULTISCALE ANALYSIS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; LAND-COVER; AGGREGATION; EXTINCTION; GRADIENTS; BEHAVIOR; INDEXES; FOREST AB Ecologists can be overwhelmed by the number of metrics available to quantify landscape structure. Clarification of interrelationships and redundancy is needed to guide metric selection and interpretation for the purpose of landscape monitoring. In this study we identified independent components of class- and landscape-level structure in multiple landscapes in each of three large and geographically disjunct study areas. We used FRAGSTATS and principal components analysis (PCA) to identify independent components of landscape structure, and cluster analysis to group the components. We then calculated the universality, strength, and consistency of the identified landscape structure components. At the class-level we identified 24 independent configuration components. Seven of these components were nearly universal and consistent in interpreted meaning. At the landscape-level there were 17 independent structure components. Eight of these components were universal and consistent. These results indicate that there are consistent combinations of metrics that universally describe the major attributes of landscape structure at the class- and lands cape-levels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cushman, Samuel A.; McGariyal, Kevin; Neel, Maile C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith,POB 8089, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us NR 35 TC 178 Z9 187 U1 6 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 5 BP 691 EP 703 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.12.002 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 297OE UT WOS:000255625200027 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BP Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Kennedy, Brian P. Nislow, Keith H. Folt, Carol L. TI Habitat-mediated foraging limitations drive survival bottlenecks for juvenile salmon SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioenergetics; cesium; consumption; critical period; fish; food limitation; foraging; growth; juvenile Atlantic salmon; population; Salmo salar; survival bottleneck ID AGE-0 ATLANTIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; POPULATION REGULATION; BIOENERGETICS MODELS; RADIOISOTOPE METHOD; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; MICROHABITAT USE; CRITICAL-PERIOD; FISH ECOLOGY; SEA-TROUT AB Realistic population models and effective conservation strategies require a thorough understanding of mechanisms driving stage-specific mortality. Mortality bottlenecks for many species occur in the juvenile stage and are thought to result from limitation on food or foraging habitat during a "critical period'' for growth and survival. Without a way to account for maternal effects or to measure integrated consumption rates in the field, it has been virtually impossible to test these relationships directly. Hence uncertainties about mechanisms underlying such bottlenecks remain. In this study we randomize maternal effects across sites and apply a new method for measuring consumption integrated over weeks to months to test the hypothesis that food limitation drives early-season juvenile mortality bottlenecks in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Using natural signatures of geologically derived cesium ((133)Cs), we estimated consumption rates of > 400 fry stocked into six streams. Two to four weeks after stocking, consumption was extremely low across sites (0.005 g.g(-1).d(-1)) and was predicted to be below maintenance rations (i. e., yielding negative energy balances) for the majority of individuals from five of six sites. However, consumption during this time was positively correlated with growth rates and survival (measured at the end of the growing season). In contrast, consumption rates increased in mid- (0.030 g.g(-1).d(-1)) and late (0.035 g.g(-1).d(-1)) seasons, but juvenile survival and consumption were not correlated, and correlations between growth and consumption were weak. These findings are consistent with predictions of a habitat-based bioenergetic model constructed using the actual stream positions of the individual fish in the present study, which indicates that habitat-based models capture important environmental determinants of juvenile growth and survival. Hence, by combining approaches, reducing maternal effects and controlling initial conditions, we offer a general framework for linking foraging with juvenile survival and present the first direct consumption-based evidence for the early season bottleneck hypothesis. C1 [Kennedy, Brian P.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Folt, Carol L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Kennedy, BP (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM kennedy@uidaho.edu FU Atlantic Salmon Federation [NA86FL0538]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Forest Service-Northeastern Research Station FX Donna Parrish helped with field collections. Bjorn Klaue, Matthew Kelley, Adam Sepulveda, and Kevin Hathaway helped with the processing and analysis of samples. James McMenemy, Steve Roy, and Dan McKinley of the Green Mountain National Forest - U. S. Forest Service were extremely supportive and cooperative in many ways throughout the study. Chris Williams, University of Idaho, assisted with the statistics, and Torbjorn Forseth, Mark McPeek, Matthew Ayers, Karin Limburg, and an anonymous reviewer made many helpful comments to the text. This work was supported by a fellowship to B. P. Kennedy from the Atlantic Salmon Federation and by grant # NA86FL0538 to C. L. Folt, B. P. Kennedy, and K. H. Nislow from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and a grant from the U.S. Forest Service-Northeastern Research Station to C. L. Folt and K. H. Nislow. NR 60 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 5 U2 29 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD SEP PY 2008 VL 89 IS 9 BP 2529 EP 2541 DI 10.1890/06-1353.1 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 349DP UT WOS:000259259300019 PM 18831174 ER PT J AU Beier, CM Patterson, TM Chapin, FS AF Beier, Colin M. Patterson, Trista M. Chapin, F. Stuart, III TI Ecosystem services and emergent vulnerability in managed ecosystems: A geospatial decision-support tool SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ecosystem services; social-ecological systems; anthropogenic change; resilience; vulnerability; adaptive management; southeast Alaska; even-aged forest management; subsistence ID OREGON COAST RANGE; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; ROAD CONSTRUCTION; LAND-USE; SALMON; PANACEAS; DYNAMICS; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSERVATION AB Managed ecosystems experience vulnerabilities when ecological resilience declines and key flows of ecosystem services become depleted or lost. Drivers of vulnerability often include local management actions in conjunction with other external, larger-scale factors. To translate these concepts to management applications, we developed a conceptual model of feedbacks linking the provision of ecosystem services, their use by society, and anthropogenic change. From this model we derived a method to integrate existing geodata at relevant scales and in locally meaningful ways to provide decision-support for adaptive management efforts. To demonstrate our approach, we conducted a case study assessment of southeast Alaska, where managers are concerned with sustaining fish and wildlife resources in areas where intensive logging disturbance has occurred. Individual datasets were measured as indicators of one of three criteria: ecological capacity to support fish/wildlife populations (provision); human acquisition of fish/wildlife resources (use); and intensity of logging and related land-use change (disturbance). Relationships among these processes were analyzed using two methods-a watershed approach and a high-resolution raster-to identify where provision, use and disturbance were spatially coupled across the landscape. Our results identified very small focal areas of social-ecological coupling that, based on post-logging dynamics and other converging drivers of change, may indicate vulnerability resulting from depletion of ecosystem services. We envision our approach can be used to narrow down where adaptive management might be most beneficial, allowing practitioners with limited funds to prioritize efforts needed to address uncertainty and mitigate vulnerability in managed ecosystems. C1 [Beier, Colin M.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Chapin, F. Stuart, III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Beier, Colin M.] Adirondack Ecol Ctr, New York, NY 12852 USA. [Patterson, Trista M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Sitka, AK 99835 USA. RP Beier, CM (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Forest & Nat Resources Management, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM cbeier@esf.edu OI Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910 FU NSF [0114423] FX We thank D. Albert of The Nature Conservancy Alaska (Juneau) and S. Signell of the Adirondack Ecological Center (SUNY ESF) for their generous assistance with geospatial data and processing. E. Uloth, T. Hanley, A. Brackley, S. Paustian and several anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. This research was supported by the Resilience and Adaptation Program (IGERT, NSF 0114423) at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the Communities and Forest Environments Team and Wood Utilization Center of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station in Juneau and Sitka, AK. NR 67 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 9 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD SEP PY 2008 VL 11 IS 6 BP 923 EP 938 DI 10.1007/s10021-008-9170-z PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 353KF UT WOS:000259564600008 ER PT J AU Paluzzi, JP Russell, WK Nachman, RJ Orchard, I AF Paluzzi, Jean-Paul Russell, William K. Nachman, Ronald J. Orchard, Ian TI Isolation, cloning, and expression mapping of a gene encoding an antidiuretic hormone and other CAPA-related peptides in the disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-SUCKING BUG; MALPIGHIAN TUBULES; FLUID SECRETION; CHAGAS-DISEASE; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; DIURETIC HORMONE; TOBACCO HAWKMOTH; MESSENGER-RNA; MANDUCA-SEXTA; DROSOPHILA AB After a blood meal, Rhodnius prolixus undergoes a rapid diuresis to eliminate excess water and salts. During the voiding of this primary urine, R. prolixus acts as a vector of Chagas' disease, with the causative agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, infecting the human host via the urine. Diuresis in R. prolixus is under the neurohormonal control of serotonin and peptidergic diuretic hormones, and thus, diuretic hormones play an important role in the transmission of Chagas' disease. Although diuretic hormones may be degraded or excreted, resulting in the termination of diuresis, it would also seem appropriate, given the high rates of secretion, that a potent antidiuretic factor could be present and act to prevent excessive loss of water and salts after the postgorging diuresis. Despite the medical importance of R. prolixus, no genes for any neuropeptides have been cloned, including obviously, those that control diuresis. Here, using molecular biology in combination with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry, we determined the sequence of the CAPA gene and CAPA-related peptides in R. prolixus, which includes a peptide with anti-diuretic activity. We have characterized the expression of mRNA encoding these peptides in various developmental stage and also examined the tissue-specific distribution in fifth-instars. The expression is localized to numerous bilaterally paired cell bodies within the central nervous system. In addition, our results show that RhoprCAPA gene expression is also associated with the testes, suggesting a novel role for this family of peptides in reproduction. C1 [Paluzzi, Jean-Paul; Orchard, Ian] Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Russell, William K.] Texas A&M Univ, Lab Biol Mass Spectrometry, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Paluzzi, JP (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, South Bldg,Room 3016A,3359 Mississauga Rd N, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. EM jeanpaul.paluzzi@utoronto.ca OI Paluzzi, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-7761-0590 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada discovery; Department of Agriculture/Department of Defense Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Initiative [0500-32000-001-01R]; North Atlantic Treaty Organization [LST. CLG. 979226] FX This work was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada discovery grant (to I. O.) and in part by Grant 0500-32000-001-01R from the Department of Agriculture/Department of Defense Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Initiative (R. J. N.) and Collaborative Research Grant LST. CLG. 979226 from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to (R. J. N.). Sequence data have been submitted to the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases as R. prolixus CAPA gene GenBank accession no. EF989016. NR 51 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD SEP PY 2008 VL 149 IS 9 BP 4638 EP 4646 DI 10.1210/en.2008-0353 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 340QT UT WOS:000258660800048 PM 18511504 ER PT J AU Shelly, TE Edu, J Pahio, E Wee, SL Nishida, R AF Shelly, Todd E. Edu, James Pahio, Elaine Wee, Suk Ling Nishida, Ritsuo TI Re-examining the relationship between sexual maturation and age of response to methyl eugenol in males of the oriental fruit fly SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera dorsalis; Diptera; Tephritidae; chemical attraction; trap capture; sex pheromone ID BACTROCERA-DORSALIS DIPTERA; ENHANCES MATING SUCCESS; MALE ANNIHILATION; DACUS-DORSALIS; PHEROMONE GLANDS; FLIES DIPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; ERADICATION; EXPOSURE; BEHAVIOR AB Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), are strongly attracted to, and feed voraciously on, methyl eugenol (ME) and use metabolites of this chemical to synthesize their sex pheromone. Previously,Wong et al. (1989) proposed that B. dorsalis males were attracted to ME even before attaining sexual maturity. However, their interpretation is possibly confounded by the fact that, in monitoring age-related mating readiness, males were presented with equal-aged females. As a result, if females mature more slowly than males, the age of male sexual maturation may have been overestimated, which may have accounted for the discrepancy observed between male age of ME responsiveness and mating activity. Here, we re-examined the relationship between male age and mating readiness by comparing male mating activity when presented with same-aged females vs. sexually mature females. In addition, we measured the age-dependent response of B. dorsalis males to ME by recording (i) capture in ME-baited traps, and (ii) feeding duration on ME-containing paper discs. Our data support the conclusion of Wong et al. (1989) that B. dorsalis males show attraction to, and feed on, ME before attaining sexual maturity, but suggest that a marked difference in ME response and mating activity exists over a shorter age interval than indicated by Wong et al. (1989). Early attraction to, but not ingestion of, ME was related to accelerated sexual maturation. Unexpectedly, ingestion of ME by sexually immature males did not boost their mating success in trials conducted 10 days after feeding on the lure. C1 [Shelly, Todd E.; Edu, James; Pahio, Elaine] USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. [Wee, Suk Ling] Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Fac Sci & Technol, Bangi 43600, Malaysia. [Nishida, Ritsuo] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Lab Chem Ecol, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Shelly, TE (reprint author), USDA APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. EM todd.e.shelly@aphis.usda.gov NR 38 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 128 IS 3 BP 380 EP 388 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00710.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336PN UT WOS:000258377200004 ER PT J AU Sethi, A McAuslane, HJ Alborn, HT Nagata, RT Nuessly, GS AF Sethi, Amit McAuslane, Heather J. Alborn, Hans T. Nagata, Russell T. Nuessly, Gregg S. TI Romaine lettuce latex deters feeding of banded cucumber beetle: a vehicle for deployment of biochemical defenses SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE plant defense; solvent extraction; plant-insect interactions; leaf age; antifeedant; Lactuca sativa; laticifers; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; Diabrotica balteata ID BALTEATA COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; DIABROTICA-VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA; EUPHORBIA-PULCHERRIMA WILLD; NON-ARTICULATED LATICIFERS; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; HOST-PLANT; RESISTANCE; CATERPILLARS; ORGANIZATION; BEHAVIOR AB Latex is widely found among plant species and is known to play a defensive role against certain herbivores. Two romaine lettuce, Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) cultivars, 'Valmaine' (resistant) and 'Tall Guzmaine' (susceptible), were selected to study the potential of latex as a defense mechanism against the banded cucumber beetle, Diabrotica balteata LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Latex from Valmaine strongly inhibited feeding of adult D. balteata compared to latex from Tall Guzmaine when applied to the surface of artificial diet. Beetles consumed significantly less diet from disks treated with Valmaine latex than they consumed from diet treated with Tall Guzmaine latex, in both choice and no-choice tests. In a choice test involving diet disks treated with Valmaine latex from young leaves vs. disks treated with latex from mature leaves, the beetles consumed significantly less diet treated with latex from young leaves. No significant difference in diet consumption was found between diets treated with latex from young and mature leaves of Tall Guzmaine in choice tests. Three solvents of differing polarity (water, methanol, and methylene chloride) were tested to extract deterrent compounds from latex; Valmaine latex extracted with water:methanol (20:80) strongly inhibited beetle feeding when applied to the surface of artificial diet. In no-choice tests, fewer beetles were observed feeding on diet treated with water:methanol (20:80) extract of Valmaine latex than on diet treated with a similar extract of Tall Guzmaine latex, resulting in significantly less consumption of the diet treated with the Valmaine latex extract. These studies suggest that moderately polar chemicals within latex may account for resistance in Valmaine to D. balteata. C1 [Sethi, Amit; McAuslane, Heather J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Alborn, Hans T.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Nagata, Russell T.; Nuessly, Gregg S.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP McAuslane, HJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM hjmca@ufl.edu NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 128 IS 3 BP 410 EP 420 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00732.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336PN UT WOS:000258377200008 ER PT J AU Wenninger, EJ Stelinski, LL Hall, DG AF Wenninger, Erik J. Stelinski, Lukasz L. Hall, David G. TI Behavioral evidence for a female-produced sex attractant in Diaphorina citri SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Hemiptera; Psyllidae; Asian citrus psyllid; pheromone; huanglongbing; citrus greening disease ID INFESTED PEAR SHOOTS; ASIAN CITRUS; CACOPSYLLA-PYRICOLA; MATE-LOCATION; ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION; PSYLLIDAE; HOMOPTERA; HEMIPTERA; FLORIDA; PHEROMONE AB Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is an important worldwide pest of citrus. It vectors three phloem-restricted bacteria in the genus Candidatus Liberibacter that cause huanglongbing (citrus greening disease). Studies were conducted to examine the behavioral responses of male and female D. citri to conspecifics of the same and opposite sex, with and without associated citrus host plants, in both open-air arena choice assays and Y-tube olfactometer assays. Virgin and mated male D. citri colonized citrus plants that were currently or had been previously colonized by virgin or mated female D. citri in greater numbers than control plants without females. However, males or females did not accumulate more on plants colonized by conspecifics of the same sex compared to uninfested plants, and females showed no preference for plants pre-infested with males compared with uninfested controls. In complementary Y-tube olfactometer assays, virgin and mated males chose arms with odor sources from mated females compared with blank controls in the absence of associated citrus host plant volatiles. In both behavioral assays, mated female D. citri appeared more attractive than virgin females. The vibrational calling behavior of male D. citri was reduced when males were challenged by the odors of conspecific mated females relative to when males were challenged by the odor of other males. Collectively, our results provide behavioral evidence for a female-produced volatile sex attractant pheromone in D. citri. Future identification and synthesis of a sex attractant pheromone will be an important contribution to current monitoring and management practices for D. citri. C1 [Stelinski, Lukasz L.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Wenninger, Erik J.; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Stelinski, LL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM stelinski@ufl.edu RI Stelinski, Lukasz/A-6362-2008 NR 42 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 128 IS 3 BP 450 EP 459 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00738.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336PN UT WOS:000258377200012 ER PT J AU Gates, M Correaa, JM Sivinski, J Ramirez-Romero, R Cordova-Garcia, G Aluja, M AF Gates, M. Mena Correaa, J. Sivinski, J. Ramirez-Romero, R. Cordova-Garcia, G. Aluja, M. TI Description of the immature stages of Eurytoma sivinskii Gates and Grissell (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), an ectoparasitoid of Anastrepha (Diptera: Teprihritidae) pupae in Mexico SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE Eurytoma; Eurytomidae; ectoparasitoid; Anastrepha; Tephritidae ID FINAL-INSTAR LARVAE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; LIFE-HISTORY; BIOLOGY; CHALCIDOIDEA; TEPHRITIDAE; ASTERACEAE; GRASSES AB We describe and illustrate for the first time the egg, larva, and pupa of Eurytoma sivinskii Gates and Grissell (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), a parasitoid that attacks Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) pupae in Veracruz, Mexico. We obtained the immature stages of E. sivinskii using lab-reared A. ludens (Loew) pupae as hosts. C1 [Gates, M.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, ARS,USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Mena Correaa, J.; Ramirez-Romero, R.; Cordova-Garcia, G.; Aluja, M.] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Sivinski, J.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Gates, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, ARS,USDA, MRC-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM michael.gates@ars.usda.gov; jackiemec@yahoo.com.mx; john.sivinski@ars.usda.gov; rramireze@cucba.udg.mx; azolla29@yahoo.com; martin.aluja@inecol.edu.mx FU Mexican Campana Nacional contra las Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA); United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); INECOL; Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) [FB325/H296/96]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)/Fondo del Sistema de Investigacion del Golfo de Mexico (SIGOLFO) [SIG96001/96-01-003-V] FX We gratefully acknowledge the help of Armando Torres Anaya, Cecilia Martinez Arcos, Jovita Martinez Tlapa, and Sandy Mendez Trejo (all Instituto de Ecologia, A. C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico [INECOL]), who helped rear the parasitoids used during this study. Larissa Guillen, Andrea Birke, and Martin Pale (also INECOL) helped organize experiments, supplied needed materials and provided critical advice along the way. Financial support for this study was furnished principally by the Mexican Campana Nacional contra las Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca - Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA). Additional funds were provided by the United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and INECOL. Given that E. sivinskii was discovered while conducting studies funded by the Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO; Project Number FB325/H296/96) and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)/Fondo del Sistema de Investigacion del Golfo de Mexico (SIGOLFO, Project Number SIG96001/96-01-003-V), we also gratefully acknowledge their support. Information reported here forms part of the undergraduate thesis of JCM (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [UNAM]), directed by MA. We also thank Thomas Henry and John Brown (Systematic Entomology Laboratory [SEL], PSI, ARS, USDA) and David Smith (SEL, retired) for their critical review of this paper, Jeffrey Chiu (SEL) for his efforts with imaging, and Scott Whittaker (SEM Lab Manager of the Scanning Electron Microscopy Lab, SI, NMNH) for stub preparation and SEM access. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 119 IS 4 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.3157/0013-872X-119.4.354 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 394ZU UT WOS:000262492500016 ER PT J AU Thomas, DB AF Thomas, Donald B. TI Nontoxic antifreeze for insect traps SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE propylene glycol; ethylene glycol; pitfall traps; RV antifreeze ID ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; EFFICIENCY AB Propylene glycol in water is a safe and effective alternative to ethylene glycol as a capture liquid in insect traps (pitfalls, flight intercepts, pan traps). Propylene glycol formulations are readily available because it is the primary (95%) ingredient in certain automotive antifreeze formulations. However, an even safer and less expensive alternative is the USP food grade RV antifreeze used for winterizing drinking water systems. The automotive formulations contain additives (about 5%) that contribute to the cost and involve safety, environmental, and waste disposal issues. Using bacterial inhibition as an indicator, the preservational attributes of the automotive and RV antifreeze were found to be comparable in laboratory tests. Entomologists are urged to use nontoxic antifreeze in their trapping programs. C1 ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM Donald.Thomas@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 119 IS 4 BP 361 EP 365 DI 10.3157/0013-872X-119.4.361 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 394ZU UT WOS:000262492500005 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK AF Reeves, Will K. TI OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS OF IMMATURE CULICOIDES SONORENSIS (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Ceratopogonidae; biting midge; Culicoides sonorensis; osmoregulation; larva; pupa; chloride cells ID FLY DIPTERA; MUSCIDAE; LARVAE AB Aquatic insects must regulate the ion concentrations of their haemolymph, and freshwater insects tend to loose ions to their aquatic environment. The osmoregulatory organs of larvae and pupae of C. sonorensis have not been previously reported. Silver nitrate was used to detect tissues in immature stages of C. sonorensis with active chloride exchange. Larvae of C. sonorensis actively exchanged ions with their anal papillae, cutaneous chloride cells, and to a lesser extent the hindgut. Only the cutaneous chloride cells were stained in their pupae. C1 USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, 1000 E Univ Ave,Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM will.reeves@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 119 IS 4 BP 371 EP 374 DI 10.3157/0013-872X-119.4.371 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 394ZU UT WOS:000262492500007 ER PT J AU Pechy-Tarr, M Bruck, DJ Maurhofer, M Fischer, E Vogne, C Henkels, MD Donahue, KM Grunder, J Loper, JE Keel, C AF Pechy-Tarr, Maria Bruck, Denny J. Maurhofer, Monika Fischer, Esther Vogne, Christelle Henkels, Marcella D. Donahue, Kelly M. Grunder, Juerg Loper, Joyce E. Keel, Christoph TI Molecular analysis of a novel gene cluster encoding an insect toxin in plant-associated strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIUM PHOTORHABDUS-LUMINESCENS; FOLSOMIA-CANDIDA COLLEMBOLA; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; CATERPILLARS-FLOPPY MCF; III SECRETION SYSTEM; BLACK ROOT-ROT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BIOCONTROL PSEUDOMONADS; 2,4-DIACETYLPHLOROGLUCINOL BIOSYNTHESIS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS AB Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 and the related strain Pf-5 are well-characterized representatives of rhizosphere bacteria that have the capacity to protect crop plants from fungal root diseases, mainly by releasing a variety of exoproducts that are toxic to plant pathogenic fungi. Here, we report that the two plant-beneficial pseudomonads also exhibit potent insecticidal activity. Anti-insect activity is linked to a novel genomic locus encoding a large protein toxin termed Fit (for P. fluorescens insecticidal toxin) that is related to the insect toxin Mcf (Makes caterpillars floppy) of the entomopathogen Photorhabdus luminescens, a mutualist of insect-invading nematodes. When injected into the haemocoel, even low doses of P. fluorescens CHA0 or Pf-5 killed larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta and the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. In contrast, mutants of CHA0 or Pf-5 with deletions in the Fit toxin gene were significantly less virulent to the larvae. When expressed from an inducible promoter in a non-toxic Escherichia coli host, the Fit toxin gene was sufficient to render the bacterium toxic to both insect hosts. Our findings establish the Fit gene products of P. fluorescens CHA0 and Pf-5 as potent insect toxins that define previously unappreciated anti-insect properties of these plant-colonizing bacteria. C1 [Pechy-Tarr, Maria; Vogne, Christelle; Keel, Christoph] Univ Lausanne, Dept Fundamental Microbiol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Bruck, Denny J.; Henkels, Marcella D.; Donahue, Kelly M.; Loper, Joyce E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Maurhofer, Monika] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Fischer, Esther; Grunder, Juerg] Univ Appl Sci ZHAW, CH-8820 Wadenswil, Switzerland. RP Keel, C (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Dept Fundamental Microbiol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM christoph.keel@unil.ch OI Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 NR 76 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 10 IS 9 BP 2368 EP 2386 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01662.x PG 19 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 334DW UT WOS:000258203500016 PM 18484997 ER PT J AU Zheng, DL Heath, LS Ducey, MJ AF Zheng, Daolan Heath, Linda S. Ducey, Mark J. TI Satellite detection of land-use change and effects on regional forest aboveground biomass estimates SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE biomass density; change detection; land-cover map; remote sensing; total biomass ID AVHRR DATA; COVER CLASSIFICATION; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; CARBON-CYCLE; NOAA-AVHRR; VEGETATION; LIDAR; ECOSYSTEMS; LANDSCAPE; CLIMATE AB We used remote-sensing-driven models to detect land-cover change effects on forest above-ground biomass (AGB) density (Mg.ha(-1), dry weight) and total AGB (Tg) in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan USA, between the years 1992-2001, and conducted an evaluation of the approach. Inputs included remotely-sensed 1992 reflectance data and land-cover map ( University of Maryland) from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and 2001 products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS) at 1-km resolution for the region; and 30-m resolution land-cover maps from the National Land Cover Data (NLCD) for a subarea to conduct nine simulations to address our questions. Sensitivity analysis showed that ( 1) AVHRR data tended to underestimate AGB density by 11%, on average, compared to that estimated using MODIS data; ( 2) regional mean AGB density increased slightly from 124 ( 1992) to 126 Mg ha(-1) ( 2001) by 1.6%; ( 3) a substantial decrease in total forest AGB across the region was detected, from 2,507 ( 1992) to 1,961 Tg ( 2001), an annual rate of -2.4%; and ( 4) in the subarea, while NLCD-based estimates suggested a 26% decrease in total AGB from 1992 to 2001, AVHRR/MODIS-based estimates indicated a 36% increase. The major source of uncertainty in change detection of total forest AGB over large areas was due to area differences from using land-cover maps produced by different sources. Scaling up 30-m land-cover map to 1-km resolution caused a mean difference of 8% ( in absolute value) in forest area estimates at the county-level ranging from 0 to 17% within a 95% confidence interval. C1 [Zheng, Daolan; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Heath, Linda S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Zheng, DL (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM daolan.zheng@unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU USDA Forest Service, RWU4104 [05-DG-11242343-074] FX This study was in part funded by the USDA Forest Service, RWU4104, through grant 05-DG-11242343-074. We thank Michael Nichols for providing the FIA data for analyses. We are grateful to Asko Noormets and another anonymous reviewer for their critical and valuable comments on the manuscript. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 144 IS 1-3 BP 67 EP 79 DI 10.1007/s10661-007-9946-1 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 342JZ UT WOS:000258781700007 PM 17882519 ER PT J AU Padgett, PE Meadows, D Eubanks, E Ryan, WE AF Padgett, Pamela E. Meadows, Dexter Eubanks, Ellen Ryan, William E. TI Monitoring fugitive dust emissions from off-highway vehicles traveling on unpaved roads and trails using passive samplers SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE fugitive dust; particulate air pollution; soil erosion; aeolian erosion AB Vehicles traveling on dry, unpaved roads generate copious quantities fugitive dust that contributes to soil erosion, and potentially threatens human health and ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to develop a low-cost technique for monitoring road dust that would enable land managers to estimate soil loss. The "sticky-trap" collectors developed were evaluated at the Turkey Bay off-highway vehicle (OHV) riding area on the Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area, in western Kentucky. The results showed that the dust plume created by vehicle traffic was heterogeneous: larger particles were in the lower part of the plume and deposited closer to the source, smaller particles were carried higher in the plume and traveled at least 100 m away from the source. Collection of particles parallel to the source was also heterogeneous, suggesting that measurements taken at a single point may not be appropriate for estimating erosion losses. Measurements taken along two trails indicate that when large numbers of riders are present, dust concentrations may reach unhealthful conditions for riders, but that it is unlikely that fugitive dust is harming native vegetation, given frequent rainfall. The study demonstrated that OHV traffic contributes to substantial erosion of roadbeds because of aeolian transport. C1 [Padgett, Pamela E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Meadows, Dexter; Eubanks, Ellen] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Dimas Technol Dev Ctr, San Dimas, CA 91773 USA. [Ryan, William E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Land Lakes Natl Recreat Area, Golden Pond, KY 42211 USA. RP Padgett, PE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM ppadgett@fs.fed.us; dmeadows@fs.fed.us; eeubanks@fs.fed.us; wryan@fs.fed.us NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 144 IS 1-3 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1007/s10661-007-9948-z PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 342JZ UT WOS:000258781700009 PM 17902032 ER PT J AU Zalesny, JA Zalesny, RS Wiese, AH Sexton, B Hall, RB AF Zalesny, Jill A. Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr. Wiese, Adam H. Sexton, Bart Hall, Richard B. TI Sodium and chloride accumulation in leaf, woody, and root tissue of Populus after irrigation with landfill leachate SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE hybrid poplars; short rotation woody crops; phytoaccumulation; salts; waste management ID SALT TOLERANCE; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; POPLAR GENOTYPES; GROWTH; TRANSPORT; COPPICE; TREES; NACL; RESPONSES; SALINITY AB The response of Populus to irrigation sources containing, elevated levels of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) is poorly understood. We irrigated eight Populus clones with fertilized well water (control) (N, P, K) or municipal solid waste landfill leachate weekly during 2005 and 2006 in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA (45.6 degrees N, 89.4 degrees W). During August 2006. we tested for differences in total Na+ and Cl- concentration in preplanting and harvest soils, and in leaf, woody (sterns + branches), and root tissue. The leachate-irrigated soils at harvest had the greatest Na+ and Cl- levels. Genotypes exhibited elevated total tree Cl- concentration and increased biomass (clones NC14104, NM2, NM6), elevated Cl- and decreased biomass (NC14018, NC14106, DM115). or mid levels of Cl- and biomass (NC13460. DN5). Leachate tissue concentrations were 17 (Na+) and four (Cl-) times greater than water. Sodium and Cl- levels were greatest in roots and leaves. respectively. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zalesny, Jill A.; Zalesny, Ronald S., Jr.; Wiese, Adam H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Zalesny, Jill A.; Hall, Richard B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sexton, Bart] Oneida Cty Solid Waste Dept, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Zalesny, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, 5985 Highway K, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM jzalesny@fs.fed.us; rzalesny@fs.fed.us; awiese@fs.fed.us; bsexton@co.oneida.wi.us; rbhall@iastate.edu NR 33 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 155 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.10.032 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 337NH UT WOS:000258442300008 PM 18069106 ER PT J AU Horan, RD Wolf, CA Fenichel, EP Mathews, KH AF Horan, Richard D. Wolf, Christopher A. Fenichel, Eli P. Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr. TI Joint management of wildlife and livestock disease SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE bioeconomics; infectious disease; ecosystem management; white-tailed deer; optimal control ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; POPULATIONS; ECOSYSTEM; MICHIGAN; VACCINES; DYNAMICS; CATTLE; HEALTH AB We analyze a bioeconomic model of a multiple-host disease problem involving wildlife and livestock. The social planner's choices include targeted (i.e., infectious versus healthy) livestock harvests, non-targeted wildlife harvests, environmental habitat variables, and on-farm biosecurity to prevent cross-species contacts. The model is applied to bovine tuberculosis among Michigan white-tailed deer and cattle. We find optimal controls may target the livestock sector more stringently when the livestock sector exhibits low value relative to the wildlife sector. This is in contrast with the conventional wisdom on the issue that controls should primarily target wildlife species that serve as disease reservoirs. C1 [Horan, Richard D.; Wolf, Christopher A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fenichel, Eli P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mathews, Kenneth H., Jr.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Horan, RD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Agr Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM horan@msu.edu OI Fenichel, Eli/0000-0002-7649-8250 NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 41 IS 1 BP 47 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s10640-007-9180-x PG 24 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 330DL UT WOS:000257919600003 ER PT J AU Eifler, DA Eifler, MA Karnes, T AF Eifler, D. A. Eifler, M. A. Karnes, T. TI Effect of habitat visibility on movements and displaying by side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) SO ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE lizard; territory; patrol; visibility; display; habitat structure ID BEHAVIOR; LIGHT; SHAPE AB Male Uta stansburiana exhibit a combination of movements and visual displays while patrolling their territories. We examined the relationship among movements, display behavior, and habitat visibility. Focal males were observed and the rates and timing of both movements and displays determined. We made three assessments of habitat visibility for each observed lizard: vegetation cover, ground contour, and vegetation ceiling height. As vegetation cover decreased, males displayed more often and exhibited greater temporal variation in display rates. In areas with higher vegetation ceiling height, male movements were distributed more uniformly through time. Variation in behavior was linked to vegetation characteristics indicative of habitat visibility. C1 [Eifler, D. A.] Haskell Indian Nations Univ, USDA, Forest Serv Liaisons Off, Lawrence, KS 66046 USA. [Eifler, M. A.] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Karnes, T.] Haskell Indian Nations Univ, Environm Sci Program, Lawrence, KS 66046 USA. RP Eifler, DA (reprint author), Haskell Indian Nations Univ, USDA, Forest Serv Liaisons Off, Box 5018,155 Indian Ave, Lawrence, KS 66046 USA. EM daeifler@fs.fed.us FU NIH [5R25GM060182-0] FX We thank Hannah Johnson, Melinda Emmert, and Jenny Brilhart for assistance in the field. Travis Karnes was partially supported by NIH grant 5R25GM060182-0. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE PI FLORENCE PA C/O PROF F DESSI-FULGHERI, VIA ROMANA 17, 50125 FLORENCE, ITALY SN 0394-9370 J9 ETHOL ECOL EVOL JI Ethol. Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 3 BP 283 EP 289 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 373EX UT WOS:000260954900006 ER PT J AU Kasuga, T Glass, NL AF Kasuga, Takao Glass, N. Louise TI Dissecting colony development of Neurospora crassa using mRNA profiling and comparative genomics approaches SO EUKARYOTIC CELL LA English DT Article ID FILAMENTOUS FUNGUS; HYPHAL GROWTH; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SIMILARITY MATRIX; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; CELL POLARITY; WORONIN BODY; WILD-TYPE AB Colony development, which includes hyphal extension, branching, anastomosis, and asexual sporulation, is a fundamental aspect of the life cycle of filamentous fungi; genetic mechanisms underlying these phenomena are poorly understood. We conducted transcriptional profiling during colony development of the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, using 70-mer oligonucleotide microarrays. Relative mRNA expression levels were determined for six sections of defined age excised from a 27-h-old N. crassa colony. Functional category analysis showed that the expression of genes involved in cell membrane biosynthesis, polar growth, and cellular signaling was enriched at the periphery of the colony. The relative expression of genes involved in protein synthesis and energy production was enriched in the middle section of the colony, while sections of the colony undergoing asexual development (conidiogenesis) were enriched in expression of genes involved in protein/peptide degradation and unclassified proteins. A cross-examination of the N. crassa data set with a published data set of Aspergillus niger revealed shared patterns in the spatiotemporal regulation of gene orthologs during colony development. At present, less than 50% of genes in N. crassa have functional annotation, which imposes the chief limitation on data analysis. Using an evolutionary approach, we observed that the expression of phylogenetically conserved groups of genes was enriched in the middle section of an N. crassa colony whereas expression of genes unique to euascomycete species and of N. crassa orphan genes was enriched at the colony periphery and in the older, conidiating sections of a fungal colony. C1 [Kasuga, Takao; Glass, N. Louise] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kasuga, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA, ARS, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tkasuga@ucdavis.edu FU National Institutes of Health [GM068087] FX We thank Gertrud Mannhaupt at MIPS for making the FunCat and SIMAP databases available for data analysis. We thank John Taylor, Thomas Sharpton, James Cai, and Jason Stajich for helpful suggestions for comparative genomics and Stuart Brody, Luz Gilbert, Chaoguang Tian, and Jeffrey Townsend for valuable discussions on microarray data analysis and Neurospora biology. We thank Gloria Turner for providing us with knockout mutant phenotypes. We thank Charles Hall, Chaoguang Tian, and Jingyi Li for critical reading of the manuscript.; This work was funded by a National Institutes of Health multi-institutional program project grant (GM068087) to N.L.G. (Core III: transcriptional profiling). NR 83 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1535-9778 J9 EUKARYOT CELL JI Eukaryot. Cell PD SEP PY 2008 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1549 EP 1564 DI 10.1128/EC.00195-08 PG 16 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA 345HA UT WOS:000258985700012 PM 18676954 ER PT J AU Riday, H AF Riday, Heathcliffe TI Heritability of frost-seeded red clover establishment SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE red clover; frost seeding; seedling establishment; heritability; seedling vigor ID REGISTRATION AB In the colder parts of the United States (north of 32 degrees N latitude and east of 92 degrees W longitude), in late winter after disappearance of snow cover, red clover (Trifolium pratense) is often broadcast seeded into forage legume-depleted grass pastures to increase pasture forage quality. This method of establishment is referred to as frost seeding. However, in an estimated 30-40% of frost seeded pastures in Wisconsin, USA the legumes fail to establish. In this study 40 red clover halfsib families from one breeding population and ten check populations were evaluated for spring frost-seeded establishment in three environments. Seedling establishment counts and plant heights were measured 3 months after frost-seeded planting. One of the three environments experienced a stand establishment failure. Narrow sense heritability estimates on a halfsib family basis for stand counts and heights were 0.07 and 0.63, respectively. Seedling counts were greatly affected by environment with micro-environmental effects contributing to low heritability. Additive by environment genetic variance was large, again leading to low seedling count heritabilities. These results, based on one population, suggest that it may be difficult to select for increased frost-seeded seedling establishment and that many test environments are needed to achieve genetic gains for this trait. In comparison, seedling height was very heritable with relatively small additive by environment genetic variances. The genetic correlation between seedling count and height using frost-seeded establishment was r(A) = 0.42. C1 ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Riday, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM riday@wisc.edu RI Riday, Heathcliffe/C-6091-2009 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD SEP PY 2008 VL 163 IS 1 BP 81 EP 87 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9583-3 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 330EE UT WOS:000257921500007 ER PT J AU Guo, YF McCarty, JC Jenkins, JN Saha, S AF Guo, Yufang McCarty, Jack C. Jenkins, Johnie N. Saha, Sukumar TI QTLs for node of first fruiting branch in a cross of an upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., cultivar with primitive accession Texas 701 SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE cotton; flowering time; primitive accession; QTL ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GENETIC DIVERSITY; FLOWERING RESPONSE; FIBER QUALITY; TETRAPLOID COTTON; PLANT HEIGHT; RAPD MARKERS; LINKAGE MAP; BARBADENSE; GERMPLASM AB Primitive cottons (Gossypium spp.) represent resources for genetic improvement. Most primitive accessions are photoperiod sensitive; they do not flower under the long days of the U.S. cotton belt. Molecular markers were used to locate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for node of first fruiting branch (NFB), a trait closely related to flowering time in cotton. An F(2) population consisted of 251 plants from the cross of a day neutral cultivar Deltapine 61, and a photoperiod sensitive accession Texas 701, were used in this study. Segregation in the population revealed the complex characteristics of NFB. Interval mapping and multiple QTL mapping were used to determine QTLs contributing to NFB. Three significant QTLs were mapped to chromosome 16, 21, and 25; two suggestive QTLs were mapped to chromosome 15 and 16. Four markers associated with these QTLs accounted for 33% of the variation in NFB by single and multiple-marker regression analyses. Two pairs of epistasis interaction between markers were detected. Our results suggested that at least three chromosomes contain factors associated with flowering time for this population with epistasis interactions between chromosomes. This research represent the first flowering time QTL mapping in cotton. Makers associated with flowering time may have the potential to facilitate day neutral conversion of accessions.\ C1 [McCarty, Jack C.; Jenkins, Johnie N.; Saha, Sukumar] ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Guo, Yufang] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McCarty, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Sci Res Lab, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Jack.McCarty@ars.usda.gov RI Guo, Yufang/G-9363-2011 NR 65 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD SEP PY 2008 VL 163 IS 1 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9613-1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 330EE UT WOS:000257921500010 ER PT J AU Herndl, M White, JW Graev, S Claupein, W AF Herndl, Markus White, Jeffrey W. Graev, Simone Claupein, Wilhelm TI The impact of vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity and earliness per se on grain protein content of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE grain protein content; phenology; earliness per se; photoperiod; vernalization; modeling ID WINTER-WHEAT; NITROGEN ASSIMILATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS; SPRING WHEAT; YIELD; ACCUMULATION; CULTIVAR; TIME; TRANSLOCATION AB In wheat, a shorter pre-anthesis phase is often associated with increased grain protein content (GPC) but decreased grain yield. Cultivar differences in pre-anthesis development are mainly determined by vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity and earliness per se. This research examines whether cultivar differences in these traits affect GPC, especially whether the three traits can partially explain genotype x environment interactions for GPC. Twenty-four winter wheat and five spring wheat cultivars selected from International Winter Wheat Performance Nursery (IWWPN) trials and 12 winter wheats tested over 2 years in Germany were characterized using the CSM-Cropsim-CERES-Wheat model. The model parameter P1V specifies the cultivar vernalization requirement, P1D the photoperiod response, and P(123) earliness per se. Covariance analyses of the IWWPN dataset indicated that about 7% of variation in GPC was explained by cultivar, with another 7% attributable to interactions of cultivar with region, site and year. P1V, P1D and P(123) all influenced GPC, but their effects varied with region, site and year. For example, for two regions, the effect of P1V on GPC decreased with latitude. Path analyses using the data from Germany confirmed that GPC increased with earlier anthesis, which was influenced by P1D and P(123). Lack of an effect of P1V at this location presumably was due to all cultivars being completely vernalized. The results indicate that efforts to improve GPC could target the three traits to specific populations of environments, which should reduce the large influence of environment on GPC. C1 [Herndl, Markus; Graev, Simone; Claupein, Wilhelm] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Crop Prod & Grassland Res 340, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. [White, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. RP Herndl, M (reprint author), Univ Hohenheim, Inst Crop Prod & Grassland Res 340, Fruwirthstr 23, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. EM m-herndl@uni-hohenheim.de NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD SEP PY 2008 VL 163 IS 2 BP 309 EP 320 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9671-z PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 330EH UT WOS:000257921800016 ER PT J AU Mundt, CC Brunet, J Sackett, KE AF Mundt, Christopher C. Brunet, Johanne Sackett, Kathryn E. TI Impact of density and disease on frequency-dependent selection and genetic polymorphism: experiments with stripe rust and wheat SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competition; disease; gene-for-gene; frequency-dependent selection; Red Queen hypothesis ID HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; EXPERIMENTAL PLANT-COMMUNITIES; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MELAMPSORA-LINI; EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE; CULTIVAR MIXTURES; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; PARASITE COEVOLUTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AB Frequency-dependent disease impacts may contribute to the maintenance of genetic diversity and sexual reproduction in plant populations. In earlier work with experimental wheat (Triticum aestivum) populations at a single density, we found that stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis) created frequency-dependent selection on its host but competitive interactions between host genotypes reduced the potential for disease to maintain genetic polymorphisms in this highly self-pollinated species; the weaker competitor actually exhibited positive disease-mediated frequency-dependent selection. Based on these results we predicted that at low density, where the overall level of competition is lower, disease would have a stronger impact relative to competition and thus be more likely to maintain genetic polymorphisms; at low densities the greatest effect of disease for negative frequency-dependent selection should be seen in the weak competitor. Here we report on results with wheat stripe rust in which we altered both the frequency and density of host genotypes in factorial combinations of two-way mixtures where each host genotype was attacked by its own specialized race of rust. Within each density disease levels increased with genotype frequencies, creating frequency-dependent disease attack at all densities. Similarly, disease created negative frequency-dependent selection on its host at all densities, as a genotype's fitness was often greater at low than high frequency when disease was present. Disease levels increased with plant density in 1997 but decreased in 1998. While increasing plant density reduced absolute fitness, presumably as a result of increased competition, a genetic polymorphism was not more likely to be maintained at low than high density as we had predicted. Within each density, the impact of disease was insufficient to reverse the slope of the relationship between absolute fitness and planted frequency from positive to negative for the less competitive host genotype, thus preventing the maintenance of a genetic polymorphism. C1 [Mundt, Christopher C.; Sackett, Kathryn E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Brunet, Johanne] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Mundt, CC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mundtc@science.oregonstate.edu FU USDA NRI [96-35303-3206] FX We thank Brian Anacker, Lee Cohnstaedt, Dan Coyle, Sarah DeMay, Karen Garrett, Molly Hoffer, Kris Kovar, Susan Lambrecht, Pat Martinez, and Karl Rhinhart for technical assistance. This work was supported by USDA NRI grant # 96-35303-3206 to CCM and JB NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-7653 J9 EVOL ECOL JI Evol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 5 BP 637 EP 657 DI 10.1007/s10682-007-9187-3 PG 21 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 340ON UT WOS:000258655000004 ER PT J AU Bolten, KE Marsh, AE Reed, SM Dubey, JP Toribio, RE Saville, WJA AF Bolten, K. E. Marsh, A. E. Reed, S. M. Dubey, J. P. Toribio, R. E. Saville, W. J. A. TI Sarcocystis neurona: Molecular characterization of enolase domain I region and a comparison to other protozoa SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protozoal myeloencephalitis; Sarcocystis neurona; Sarcocystis falcatula; Sarcocystis dasypi; Besnoitia darlingi; enolase ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM ENOLASE; PARASITE TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; MYELOENCEPHALITIS EPM; LEISHMANIA-MEXICANA; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE; GENE; LOCALIZATION; ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCE; IDENTIFICATION AB Sarcocystis neurona causes protozoal myeloencephalitis and has the ability to infect a wide host range in contrast to other Sarcocystis species. In the current study, five S. neurona isolates from a variety of sources, three Sarcocystis falcatula, one Sarcocystis dasypi/S. neurona-like isolate, and one Besnoitia darlingi isolate were used to compare the enolase 2 gene segment containing the domain I region to previously sequenced enolase genes from Neospora caninum, Neospora hughesi, Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, and Trypanosoma cruzi; enolase 2 segment containing domain I region is highly conserved amongst these parasites of veterinary and medical importance. Immunohistochemistry results indicates reactivity of T gondii enolase 1 and 2 antibodies to S. neurona merozoites and metrocytes, but no reactivity of anti-enolase I to the S. neurona bradyzoite stage despite reactivity to T gondii bradyzoites, suggesting expression differences between organisms. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Marsh, A. E.; Saville, W. J. A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bolten, K. E.; Toribio, R. E.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Reed, S. M.] Rood & Riddle Equine Hosp, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Marsh, AE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, 1920 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM marsh.2061@osu.edu RI Toribio, Ramiro/H-7838-2013 FU American Live Stock Insurance Company, Geneva, Illinois FX This study was financially supported by a gift from American Live Stock Insurance Company, Geneva, Illinois. The authors thank A. Wilson for kindly providing T gondii and Neospora spp. gDNA, Dr. Rusty Young for the Sarcocystis sp. infected armadillo tongue, and Dr. Tomavo for the T gondii-specific enolase I and 2 antibodies. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 120 IS 1 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.05.004 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 347DC UT WOS:000259119800018 PM 18625501 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP Robnett, CJ Basehoar-Powers, E AF Kurtzman, Cletus P. Robnett, Christie J. Basehoar-Powers, Eleanor TI Phylogenetic relationships among species of Pichia, Issatchenkia and Williopsis determined from multigene sequence analysis, and the proposal of Barnettozyma gen. nov., Lindnera gen. nov and Wickerhamomyces gen. nov. SO FEMS YEAST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE yeasts; multigene phylogeny; new genera; Barnettozyma; Lindnera; Wickerhamomyces ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID REASSOCIATION; 26S RIBOSOMAL-RNAS; NECROTIC TISSUE; DNA RELATEDNESS; YEASTS; GENERA; 18S; SACCHAROMYCETACEAE; COMBINATIONS; HANSENULA AB Relationships among species assigned to the yeast genera Pichia, Issatchenkia and Williopsis, which are characterized by the ubiquinone CoQ-7 and inability to utilize methanol, were phylogenetically analyzed from nucleotide sequence divergence in the genes coding for large and small subunit rRNAs and for translation elongation factor-1 alpha. From this analysis, the species separated into five clades. Species of Issatchenkia are members of the Pichia membranifaciens clade and are proposed for transfer to Pichia. Pichia dryadoides and Pichia quercuum are basal members of the genus Starmera. Williopsis species are dispersed among hat-spored taxa in each of the remaining three clades, which are proposed as the new genera Barnettozyma, Lindnera and Wickerhamomyces. Lineages previously classified as varieties of Pichia kluyveri, 'Issatchenkia' scutulata, Starmera amethionina and 'Williopsis' saturnus are elevated to species rank based on sequence comparisons. C1 [Kurtzman, Cletus P.; Robnett, Christie J.; Basehoar-Powers, Eleanor] Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, USDA, ARS, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM cletus.kurtzman@ars.usda.gov NR 85 TC 124 Z9 131 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1567-1356 J9 FEMS YEAST RES JI FEMS Yeast Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 939 EP 954 DI 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2008.00419.x PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA 336YU UT WOS:000258403500012 PM 18671746 ER PT J AU Zhang, YZ Hanula, JL Sun, JH AF Zhang, Yan-Zhuo Hanula, James L. Sun, Jiang-Hua TI Survey for potential insect biological control agents of Ligustrum sinense (Scrophulariales : Oleaceae) in China SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Chinese privet; biological control; invasive species; exotic species ID PRIVET AB A systematic survey of Chinese privet foliage, stems, seeds, and roots for associated phytophagous insects was conducted in China during 2005 and 2006 in order to establish basic information about the insect communities that Chinese privet harbors and to evaluate the abundance and damage caused by these insects. A total of 170 phytophagous insect species in 48 families and 5 orders were collected from Chinese privet in China. The insects belong to 4 feeding guilds: foliage, sap, stem, and root feeders. The impact of foliage feeders varied by site and over time. The mean percent defoliation of Chinese privet over all sites and years was 20.5 +/- 8.2%, but ranged as high as 48%. C1 [Hanula, James L.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhang, Yan-Zhuo; Sun, Jiang-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Inst Zool, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. RP Sun, JH (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RI Zhang, Yanzhuo/E-8902-2011 FU USDA-Forest Service; Southern Research Station; Research Work Unit 4552; Natural National Science Foundation of China [30525009, 30621003] FX This research is part of an ongoing Sino-US Chinese privet biological control cooperative program funded by the USDA-Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Research Work Unit 4552, and the Natural National Science Foundation of China (30525009, 30621003). We are grateful to Ding Jianqing and Wei Wei for helpful comments on survey plan; Fang Fang, Li Li and Chen Yuhui for field assistance. We are also grateful to the many taxonomists who helped with identification of our specimens. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 372 EP 382 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[372:SFPIBC]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500004 ER PT J AU Shelly, TE Edu, J AF Shelly, Todd E. Edu, James TI Do methyl eugenol-fed males of the oriental fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) induce female re-mating? SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera dorsalis; polyandry; mate selection; pheromone ID FLIES CERATITIS-CAPITATA; SEQUENTIAL MATE CHOICE; BACTROCERA-DORSALIS; MELON FLY; REMATING INHIBITION; MULTIPLE PATERNITY; DACUS-DORSALIS; STERILE MALES; SUCCESS; FREQUENCY AB Polyandry has been reported for various species of tephritid fruit flies, and efforts to explain this phenomenon have focused primarily on the respective roles of sperm stores and male accessory gland fluids. However, recent research on the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), demonstrated that. female re-mating propensity was influenced by the "suitability" of available mates; preferred males were more likely to induce female re-mating than were less attractive males. The goal of this study was to determine whether male attractiveness similarly influenced female re-mating in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Females of this species are known to mate preferentially with males that previously ingested methyl eugenol (ME), a plant-borne compound whose metabolites are used in the synthesis of the male sex pheromone. Females were mated initially (with males denied ME), held isolated from males with access to oviposition substrate, and then offered ME-fed or non-ME-fed males at 1, 2, 3, or 6 weeks after the initial mating. Contrary to the Mediterranean fruit fly, there was no effect of male attractiveness (i.e., ME feeding status) on the re-mating tendency of B. dorsalis females. Also, time elapsed since the initial mating had no effect on the probability of female re-mating. When offered a choice of males, however, non-virgin females, like virgins, displayed a significant preference for ME-fed over non-ME-fed males. C1 [Shelly, Todd E.; Edu, James] USDA, APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP Shelly, TE (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 388 EP 393 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[388:DMEMOT]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500006 ER PT J AU Shelly, TE Edu, J AF Shelly, Todd E. Edu, Jamus TI Effect of nitrogen-containing dietary supplements on the mating success of sterile males of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Ceratitis capitata; Sterile Insect Technique; diet; sexual competitiveness; dispersal ID FLIES DIPTERA; ADULT DIET; SURVIVAL; PROTEIN; COMPETITIVENESS; LONGEVITY; STRAINS; LEKS AB In Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs, mass-reared males of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), are maintained on a sugar-agar diet before their release into the environment. Several studies suggest that nitrogenous dietary supplements improve the mating competitiveness of the sterile males, thus increasing the Cost effectiveness of SIT Other research, however, has not supported this notion. Here, we further investigate the potential usefulness of nitrogen-containing diet additives by examining the effect of 4 different nitrogenous materials-yeast hydrolysate, urea, whey protein, and honey-on the mating success of sterile C. capitata males. These materials were mixed directly with the sugar-agar diet in varying concentrations (1, 5, or 10%). Trials conducted in outdoor field-cages generated 2 consistent results across all diets: (1) neither the type nor concentration of nitrogenous material used elevated the mating success of sterile males above that observed for the standard sugar-agar diet, and (2) wild males invariably had a significant mating advantage over sterile males, accounting for an average of 81% of the total matings per replicate. In addition, a field comparison of short-term dispersal from a central release point revealed no significant difference between sterile males fed 6) the sugar-agar diet or 00 the sugar-agar diet supplemented with yeast hydrolysate (10%) in either the number or spatial distribution of recaptured individuals. Our results do not support the proposal that pre-release nitrogenous dietary supplements improve the field performance of sterile C. capitata males in SIT programs. C1 [Shelly, Todd E.; Edu, Jamus] USDA, APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP Shelly, TE (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 394 EP 399 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[394:EONDSO]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500007 ER PT J AU Sirot, LK Lapointe, SL AF Sirot, Laura K. Lapointe, Stephen L. TI Patterns and consequences of mating behavior of the root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE reproduction; beetle; mating frequency; fecundity; fertility ID REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; BEETLE; CITRUS; MATE; POPULATIONS; OVIPOSITION; HYMENOPTERA; POLYANDRY; EVOLUTION; L. AB The tropical root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.), is a major pest of many plants of economic importance, including citrus and ornamentals. It was accidentally introduced from the Caribbean into Florida in the 1960s and its range within the United States now includes Texas and California. No safe and effective control method is available for this species. Studies of the reproductive behavior of field populations may aid the development of effective control strategies and inform laboratory experimental design. We examined mating patterns of individually-marked D. abbreviatus in a plant nursery in Florida over 5 d. Matings occurred throughout the day but tended to peak during the middle of the day. Mating duration ranged from less than 3 h to over 9 h. Most males and females mated repeatedly, sometimes with the same partner multiple times. Both same-sex and extra-pair mountings occurred at low frequencies. In a follow-up study conducted in captivity, we found no short-term direct benefits of multiple mating to females but female fertility decreased dramatically by 2 weeks after mating if females were not allowed to re-mate. Thus, female D. abbreviatus may re-mate, in part, to replenish sperm stores. Our results suggest that the sterile insect technique would not be effective but support previous conclusions that pheromones may be effective attractants in this species because both females and males mate multiple times in the field. C1 [Sirot, Laura K.] Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lapointe, Stephen L.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Sirot, LK (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, 421 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. FU Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council; University of Florida, Department of Zoology FX H. J. Brockmann, C. St. Mary, M. Wayne (University of Florida, Gainesville, FL), J. Sivinski (USDA-ARS, Gainesville, FL), and L. Harrington (Cornell University, Ithaca, NY) provided important insights that benefited this work. R. Duncan and J. Pena (University of Florida, Homestead, FL) assisted in locating field infestations. A. S. Hill and D. Grayson (USDA-ARS, Ft. Pierce, FL) provided technical assistance. This project was supported in part by the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council. We also are grateful to the University of Florida, Department of Zoology for logistical and financial support of L.K.S. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 400 EP 406 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[400:PACOMB]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500008 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Hibbard, KL AF Gagne, Raymond J. Hibbard, Kenneth L. TI New species of Cecidomyia (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) feeding on resin of baldcypress SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE gall midges; Taxodium distichum; Taxodiaceae; Florida; stem galls AB Cecidomyia lamellata Gagne, new species, is described from adults of both sexes, pupae, and larvae taken from resin in branchlet swellings of baldcypress, Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. (Taxodiaceae), in Fort Pierce, Florida. Some anatomical characters of the new species depart from the previously known limits of the genus. Baldcypress is the first known non-Pinaceae host of Cecidomyia. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, US Natl Museum NHB 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hibbard, Kenneth L.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Bur Methods Dev & Biol Control, Div Plant Ind, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, US Natl Museum NHB 168, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; hibbark@doacs.state.fl.us NR 5 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 431 EP 435 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[431:ANSOCD]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500012 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DA Goenaga, R AF Jenkins, David A. Goenaga, Ricardo TI Effectiveness of cone emergence traps for detecting Phyllophaga vandinei emergence over time SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE monitoring; soil insects; scarab AB Cone emergence cages are used to monitor populations of soil-borne insects, particularly beetles, during adult emergence. Because the cone emergence cage presumably denies access to adult beetles, including adult females, it is thought that a cone emergence cage left in place for longer than the lifecycle of the insect will have few or no beetles emerge in it. The authors tested the premise that a cone emergence cage left in place for I year or longer would no longer be useful as a tool to monitor the emergence of adult Phyllophaga vandinei Smyth. Our results indicate not only that cone emergence cages left in place for more than a year (P. vandinei is reported to be univoltine) are still effective at monitoring P. vandinei emergence, but often yield even more adult beetles than cone emergence cages that have been in place for a shorter time. It is not clear if this is a result of when the trap is placed or where the trap is placed. This also raises the question of whether the larvae of P. vandinei may take I or more years to complete development. C1 [Jenkins, David A.; Goenaga, Ricardo] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Jenkins, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Ave PA Campos, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 466 EP 469 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[466:EOCETF]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500017 ER PT J AU Reitz, SR AF Reitz, Stuart R. TI Comparative bionomics of Frankliniella occidentalis and Frankliniella tritici SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID THYSANOPTERA; THRIPIDAE C1 USDA ARS, CMAVE, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Reitz, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, CMAVE, 6383 Mahan Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 474 EP 476 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[474:CBOFOA]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500020 ER PT J AU Dobbs, TT Henry, TJ AF Dobbs, Thomas T. Henry, Thomas J. TI Update on the establishment of Paragonatas divergens (Hemiptera : Rhyparochromidae) in Florida SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dobbs, Thomas T.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Miami Plant Inspect Stn, Miami, FL 33266 USA. [Henry, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Dobbs, TT (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Miami Plant Inspect Stn, POB 660520, Miami, FL 33266 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 477 EP 478 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[477:UOTEOP]2.0.CO;2 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500021 ER PT J AU Smith, TR Brambila, J AF Smith, Trevor Randall Brambila, Julieta TI A major pest of cotton, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Heteroptera : Oxycarenidae) in the Bahamas SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMIPTERA C1 [Smith, Trevor Randall] Cooperat Agr Pest Survey, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Services, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Brambila, Julieta] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Smith, TR (reprint author), Cooperat Agr Pest Survey, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Services, Div Plant Ind, 1911 SW 34th St, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM smitht2@doacs.state.fl.us; julieta.brambila@aphis.usda.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 479 EP 482 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[479:AMPOCO]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500022 ER PT J AU Hall, DG Hunter, WB AF Hall, David G. Hunter, Wayne B. TI Populations of sharpshooters in two citrus groves in east-central Florida as indicated by yellow sticky card traps SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; VARIEGATED CHLOROSIS; CAUSAL AGENT; TRANSMISSION; VECTORS; DISEASE C1 [Hall, David G.; Hunter, Wayne B.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 3 BP 488 EP 490 DI 10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[488:POSITC]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 346EE UT WOS:000259050500025 ER PT J AU Porto-Fett, ACS Hwang, CA Call, JE Juneja, VK Ingham, SC Ingham, BH Luchansky, JB AF Porto-Fett, A. C. S. Hwang, C. -A. Call, J. E. Juneja, V. K. Ingham, S. C. Ingham, B. H. Luchansky, J. B. TI Viability of multi-strain mixtures of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, or Escherichia coli O157 : H7 inoculated into the batter or onto the surface of a soudjouk-style fermented semi-dry sausage SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Listeria monocytogenes; Salmonella spp.; Escherichia coli O157 : H7; soudjouk; semi-dry sausage; fermentation; ethnic meat; pathogen; food safety ID TURKISH DRY SAUSAGE; TO-EAT MEAT; STARTER CULTURES; MANUFACTURING PROCESS; SURVIVAL; STORAGE; SALAMI; VALIDATION; RECOVERY; SUCUK AB The fate of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, or Escherichia call O157:H7 were separately monitored both in and on soudjouk. Fermentation and drying alone reduced numbers of L. monocytogenes by 0.07 and 0.74 log(10)CFU/g for sausages fermented to pH 5.3 and 4.8, respectively, whereas numbers of S. typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 were reduced by 1.52 and 3.51 log(10)CFU/g and 0.03 and 1.11 log(10)CFU/g, respectively. When sausages fermented to pH 5.3 or 4.8 were stored at 4, 10, or 21 degrees C, numbers of L. monocytogenes, S. typhimurium, and E. call O157:H7 decreased by an additional 0.08-1.80, 0.88-3.74, and 0.68-3.17log(10)CFU/g, respectively, within 30 days. Storage for 90 days of commercially manufactured soudjouk that was sliced and then surface inoculated with L. monocytogenes, S. typhimurium, and E. coli O157:H7 generated average D-values of ca. 10.1, 7.6, and 5.9 days at 4 degrees C: 6.4, 4.3, and 2.9 days at 110 degrees C; 1.4. 0.9, and 1.6 days at 21 degrees C; and 0.9,1.4, and 0.25 days at 30 degrees C. Overall, fermentation to pH 4.8 and storage at 21 degrees C was the most effective treatment for reducing numbers of L. monocytogenes (2.54 log(10)CFU/g reduction), S. typhimurium (>= 5.23 log(10)CFU/g reduction), and E. call O157:H7 (3.48 log(10)CFU/g reduction). In summary, soudjouk-style sausage does not provide a favorable environment for outgrowth/survival of these three pathogens. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Porto-Fett, A. C. S.; Hwang, C. -A.; Call, J. E.; Juneja, V. K.; Luchansky, J. B.] ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Ingham, S. C.; Ingham, B. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Food Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Luchansky, JB (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM john.luchansky@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 25 IS 6 BP 793 EP 801 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2008.04.012 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 333XZ UT WOS:000258188200007 PM 18620971 ER PT J AU Zhu, JH Zhang, XM Roneker, CA McClung, JP Zhang, S Thannhauser, TW Ripoll, DR Sun, Q Lei, XG AF Zhu, Jian-Hong Zhang, Xiaomei Roneker, Carol A. McClung, James P. Zhang, Sheng Thannhauser, Theodore W. Ripoll, Daniel R. Sun, Qi Lei, Xin Gen TI Role of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase in catalyzing nitrotyrosine formation in murine liver SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE SOD1; protein nitration; acetaminophen; peroxynitrite; lipopolysaccharide; mouse ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; ACETAMINOPHEN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; DEPENDENT GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE-1; PROTEIN-TYROSINE NITRATION; INCREASED 3-NITROTYROSINE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; REACTIVE OXYGEN; MICE DEFICIENT AB The only known function of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide. Our objective was to determine if SOD1 catalyzes murine liver protein nitration induced by acetaminophen (APAP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Liver and plasma samples were collected from Young adult SOD1 knockout mice (SOD1(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice at 5 or 6 h after an ip injection of saline, APAP, or LPS. Hepatic nitrotyrosine formation was induced by APAP and LPS only in the WT mice. The diminished hepatic protein nitration in the SOD1(-/-) mice was not directly related to plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations. Similar genotype differences were seen in liver homogenates treated with a bolus of peroxynitrite. Adding only the holo-, and not the apo-, SOD1 enzyme into the liver homogenates enhanced the reaction in an activity-dependent fashion and nearly eliminated the genotype difference at the high doses. Mass spectrometry showed four more nitrotyrosine residues in bovine serum albumin and 10 more nitrated protein candidates in the SOD1(-/-) liver homogenates by peroxynitrite with added SOD1. In conclusion, the diminished hepatic protein nitration mediated by APAP or LPS in the SOD1(-/-) mice is due to the lack of SOD1 activity per se. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Jian-Hong; Zhang, Xiaomei; Roneker, Carol A.; McClung, James P.; Lei, Xin Gen] Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhang, Sheng] Cornell Univ, Proteorn & Mass Spectrometry Core Facil, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thannhauser, Theodore W.] Cornell Univ, Funct & Comparat Prote Ctr, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ripoll, Daniel R.; Sun, Qi] Cornell Theory Ctr, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lei, XG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM XL20@cornell.edu RI Zhu, Jian-Hong/E-3927-2010; McClung, James/A-1989-2009 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK053018, R01 DK053018-08, R01 DK053018-07, R01 DK053018-05, R01 DK053018-04S1, R01 DK053018-04, DK53108, R01 DK053018-05S1, R01 DK053018-08S1, R01 DK053018-09, R01 DK053018-06, R01 DK053018-03] NR 61 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD SEP 1 PY 2008 VL 45 IS 5 BP 611 EP 618 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.05.018 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 345KK UT WOS:000258995200009 PM 18573333 ER PT J AU Havstad, KM Herrick, J Tseelei, EA AF Havstad, Kris M. Herrick, Jeff Tseelei, Enkh-Amgalan TI Mongolia's rangelands: is livestock production the key to the future? SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID INNER-MONGOLIA; PASTORALISM; GRASSLAND; ECOLOGY; CHINA C1 [Havstad, Kris M.; Herrick, Jeff] ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Tseelei, Enkh-Amgalan] Swiss Agcy Dev & Cooperat, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Tseelei, Enkh-Amgalan] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Environm Decis Making, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Havstad, KM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. EM kris.havstad@ars.usda.gov; jherrick@nmsu.edu; enkh-amgalan.tseelei@sdc.net NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 6 IS 7 BP 388 EP 393 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 349UE UT WOS:000259308000021 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Prado, JH Moore, GG Horn, BW Carbone, I AF Ramirez-Prado, Jorge H. Moore, Geromy G. Horn, Bruce W. Carbone, Ignazio TI Characterization and population analysis of the mating-type genes in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heterothallic; homothallic; vegetative compatibility; haplotype; fungi ID AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; HETEROKARYON INCOMPATIBILITY; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; COCCIDIOIDES-IMMITIS; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; PARASEXUAL CYCLE; SECTION FLAVI; EVOLUTION; CLUSTER AB We characterize the mating-type genes in Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Petromyces alliaceus. A single MAT1-1 OF MAT1-2 gene was detected in the genomes of A. flavus and A. parasiticus, which is consistent with a potential heterothallic Organization of MAT genes in these species. In contrast, the only known, functionally homothallic species in Aspergillus section Flavi, P. alliaceus, has tightly linked (< 2 kb) MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 genes, typical of other self-fertile homothallic euascomycetes. This is the first example of linked MAT genes within a homothallic species of Aspergillus. We tested the null hypothesis of no significant difference in the frequency of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 in A. flavus and A. parasiticus sampled from a single peanut field in Georgia. For each species, mating-type frequencies were determined for the total population samples and for samples that were clone-corrected based on vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) and aflatoxin gene cluster haplotypes. There was no significant difference in the frequency of the two mating types for A. flavus and A. parasiticus in either VCG or haplotype clone-corrected samples. The existence of both mating-type genes in equal proportions in A. flavus and A. parasiticus populations, coupled with their expression at the mRNA level and the high amino acid sequence identity of MAT1-1 (77%) and MAT1-2 (83%) with corresponding homologs in P. alliaceus, indicates the potential functionality of these genes and the possible existence of a sexual state in these agriculturally important species. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramirez-Prado, Jorge H.; Moore, Geromy G.; Carbone, Ignazio] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Horn, Bruce W.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. RP Carbone, I (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Fungal Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ignazio_carbone@ncsu.edu RI Ramirez-Prado, Jorge/A-3012-2011 FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35319-16126] FX We thank Rakhi Singh for technical help with the transcription experiment and Eric Stone (Department of Statistics, NC State University) for help in implementing the binomial test. This work was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Grant No. 2005-35319-16126 to I. C. NR 45 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1292 EP 1299 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2008.06.007 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 349CJ UT WOS:000259256100009 PM 18652906 ER PT J AU Farnham, MW Davis, EH Morgan, JT Smith, JP AF Farnham, M. W. Davis, E. H. Morgan, J. T. Smith, J. P. TI Neglected landraces of collard (Brassica oleracea L. var. viridis) from the Carolinas (USA) SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE acephala group; B. oleracea L. subsp oleracea convar. acephala (DC.) Alef. var viridis L; landraces; leafy green; on-farm preservation AB A common garden crop grown in the coastal plain region of North and South Carolina (United States) is the non-heading, leafy green type of Brassica oleracea L. known as collard (B. oleracea L. subsp. oleracea convar. acephala (DC.) Alef. var. viridis L.). Predominantly a fall and winter vegetable in this region, collard is often the only green planting to be found in the yard or garden of a rural home during these cool seasons. Historically, the traditional collard patch and even commercial fields were planted with unique varieties perpetuated by individual seed savers, and collectively, the regional diversity for this crop was probably very significant for well over a century. Genetic erosion of this collard germplasm pool has been severe in recent decades as commercial hybrids have been adopted by both large-scale producers and home gardeners. Although a significant number of collard landraces are being perpetuated to this day, existing diversity among landraces still grown in the region is now in the hands of an aging population of seed savers who maintain germplasm through on-farm preservation. From 2003 to 2006, we explored the coastal plain region of North and South Carolina in search of collard gardens containing traditional landraces. Exploration trips were conducted mid-winter to early spring. About 90 samples of collard were obtained from seed savers during the course of this exploration. Observations of morphological differences of these landraces indicate that significant diversity exists in this group. Obtained landraces are being deposited into the U.S. plant introduction collection and will be available for future use. This preserved collection could prove to be an important new source of genes for B. oleracea improvement. C1 [Farnham, M. W.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Davis, E. H.; Morgan, J. T.] Emory & Henry Coll, Dept Geog, Emory, VA 24327 USA. [Smith, J. P.] Clemson Univ Cooperat Extens, Lexington, SC 29072 USA. RP Farnham, MW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Hwy, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Mark.Farnham@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 55 IS 6 BP 797 EP 801 DI 10.1007/s10722-007-9284-8 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 330HR UT WOS:000257932100003 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Diehl, A Wu, FN Vrebalov, J Giovannoni, J Siepel, A Tanksley, SD AF Wang, Ying Diehl, Adam Wu, Feinan Vrebalov, Julia Giovannoni, James Siepel, Adam Tanksley, Steven D. TI Sequencing and comparative analysis of a conserved syntenic segment in the solanaceae SO GENETICS LA English DT Review ID RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE; HUMAN GENOMIC DNA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NONCODING DNA; TOMATO GENOME; RICE GENOME; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AB Comparative genomics is a powerful tool for gaining insight into genomic function and evolution. However, in plants, sequence data that would enable detailed comparisons of both coding and noncoding regions have been limited in availability. Here we report the generation and analysis of sequences for an unduplicated conserved syntenic segment (CSS) in the genomes of five memebers of the agriculturally important plant family Solanaceae. This CSS includes a 105-kb region of tomato chromosome 2 and orthologous regions of the potato, eggplant, pepper, and petunia genomes. With a total neutral divergence of 0.73-0.78 substitutions/site, these sequences are similar enough that most noncoding regions can be aligned, yet divergent enough to be informative about evolutionary dynamics and selective pressures. The CSS contains 17 distinct genes with generally conserved order and orientation, but with numerous smallscale differences between species. Our analysis indicates that the last common ancestor of these species lived similar to 27-36 million years ago, that more than one-third of short genomic segments (5-15 bp) are under selection, and that more than two-thirds of selected bases fall in noncoding regions. In addition, we identify genes under positive selection and analyze hundreds of conserved noncoding elements. This analysis provides a window into 30 million years of plant evolution in the absence of polyploidization. C1 [Siepel, Adam] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wang, Ying; Wu, Feinan; Tanksley, Steven D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Diehl, Adam] Cornell Univ, Grad Field Genet & Dev, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vrebalov, Julia; Giovannoni, James] Cornell Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vrebalov, Julia; Giovannoni, James] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wang, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Siepel, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, 101 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM acs4@cornell.edu OI Siepel, Adam/0000-0002-3557-7219 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0116076, 0421634]; National Institutes of Health [T32 GM007617-27] FX This work was partially supported by National Science Foundation grants DBI-0116076 (A.S.) and 0421634 (S.T.) and National Institutes of Health training grant T32 GM007617-27 (A.D.). NR 119 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 14 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD SEP PY 2008 VL 180 IS 1 BP 391 EP 408 DI 10.1534/genetics.108.087981 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 356DI UT WOS:000259758500032 PM 18723883 ER PT J AU Brown, PJ Rooney, WL Franks, C Kresovich, S AF Brown, Patrick J. Rooney, William L. Franks, Cleve Kresovich, Stephen TI Efficient mapping of plant height quantitative trait loci in a sorghum association population with introgressed dwarfing genes SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FLOWERING-TIME; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; MAIZE; GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS; DIVERSITY; ADAPTATION; CONVERSION; SELECTION AB Of the four major dwarfing genes described in sorghum, only Dw3 has been cloned. We used association mapping to characterize the phenotypic effects of the dw3 mutation and to fine map a second, epistatic dwarfing QTL on sorghum chromosome 9 (sb-HT9.1). Our panel of 378 sorghum inbreds includes 230 sorghum conversion (SC) lines, which are exotic lines that have been introgressed with dwarfing quantitative trait loci (QTL) from a common parent. The causal mutation in dw3 associates with reduced lower internode length and an elongation of the apex, consistent with its role as an auxin efflux carrier. Lines carrying the dw3 mutation display high haplotype homozygosity over several megabases in the Dw3 region, but most markers linked to Dw3 do not associate significantly with plant height due to allele sharing between Dw3 and dw3 individuals. Using markers with a high mutation rate and the dw3 mutation as an interaction term, significant trait associations were detected across a 7-Mb region around Sb-HT9.1, largely due to higher detection power in the SC lines. Conversely, the likely QTL interval for Sb-HT9.1 was reduced to similar to 100kb, demonstrating that the unique structure of this association panel provides both power and resolution for genomewide scan. C1 [Brown, Patrick J.; Kresovich, Stephen] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brown, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kresovich, Stephen] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Franks, Cleve] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Kresovich, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, 158 Biotechnol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sk20@cornell.edu NR 26 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 7 U2 20 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD SEP PY 2008 VL 180 IS 1 BP 629 EP 637 DI 10.1534/genetics.108.092239 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 356DI UT WOS:000259758500051 PM 18757942 ER PT J AU White, S Herrmann-Hoesing, L O'Rourke, K Waldron, D Rowe, J Alverson, J AF White, Stephen Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn O'Rourke, Katherine Waldron, Daniel Rowe, Joan Alverson, Janet TI Prion gene (PRNP) haplotype variation in United States goat breeds (Open Access publication) SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE scrapie; goat; polymorphism; resistance; prion ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; CAPRINE PRP GENE; PROTEIN GENE; NATURAL SCRAPIE; CLINICAL SIGNS; POLYMORPHISMS; BSE; RECONSTRUCTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; IDENTIFICATION AB Scrapie eradication efforts cost 18 million dollars annually in the United States and rely heavily upon PRNP genotyping of sheep. Genetic resistance might reduce goat scrapie and limit the risk of goats serving as a scrapie reservoir, so PRNP coding sequences were examined from 446 goats of 10 breeds, 8 of which had not been previously examined at PRNP. The 10 observed alleles were all related to one of two central haplotypes by a single amino acid substitution. At least five of these alleles (M142, R143, S146, H154, and K222) have been associated with increased incubation time or decreased odds of scrapie. To the best of our knowledge, neither S146 nor K222 has been found in any goats with scrapie, though further evaluation will be required to demonstrate true resistance. S146 was more common, present in several breeds at widely varying frequencies, while K222 was observed only in two dairy breeds at low frequency. Overall, this study provides frequency data on PRNP alleles in US goats, shows the pattern of relationships between haplotypes, and demonstrates segregation of multiple scrapie-associated alleles in several breeds not examined before at PRNP. C1 [White, Stephen; Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn; O'Rourke, Katherine; Alverson, Janet] USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [White, Stephen; Herrmann-Hoesing, Lynn; O'Rourke, Katherine; Alverson, Janet] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Waldron, Daniel] Texas Agr Expt Stn, San Angelo, TX 76901 USA. [Rowe, Joan] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. RP White, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM swhite@vetmed.wsu.edu OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 40 IS 5 BP 553 EP 561 DI 10.1051/gse:2008021 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 337PE UT WOS:000258447200006 PM 18694550 ER PT J AU Pendinen, G Gavrilenko, T Jiang, JM Spooner, DM AF Pendinen, Galina Gavrilenko, Tatjana Jiang, Jiming Spooner, David M. TI Allopolyploid speciation of the Mexican tetraploid potato species Solanum stoloniferum and S. hjertingii revealed by genomic in situ hybridization SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE allopolyploid; FISH; GISH; potato; section Petota ID CYTOGENETIC DNA MARKERS; SERIES RELATIONSHIPS; SECT PETOTA; REEXAMINATION; GENES AB Thirty-six percent of the wild potato (Solanum L. section Petota Dumort.) species are polyploid, and about half of the polyploids are tetraploid species (2n = 4x = 48). Determination of the type of polyploidy and development of the genome concept for members of section Petota traditionally has been based on the analysis of chromosome pairing in species and their hybrids and, most recently, DNA sequence phylogenetics. Based on these data, the genome designation AABB was proposed for Mexican tetraploid species of series Longipedicellata Bulk. We investigated this hypothesis with genomic in Situ hybridization (GISH) for both representatives of the series, S. stoloniferum Schltdl. and S. hjertingii Hawkes. GISH analysis supports an AABB genome constitution for these species, with S. verrucosum Schlidl. (or its progenitor) Supported as the A genome donor and another North or Central American diploid species (S. cardiophyllum Lindl., S. ehrenbergii (Bitter) Rydb., or S. jamesii Torrey) as the B genome donor. GISH analysis of chromosome pairing of S. stoloniferum also confirms the strict allopolyploid nature of this species. In addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization data suggest that 45S rDNA regions of the two genomes of S. stoloniferum were changed during coevolution of A and B genomes of this allotetraploid species. C1 [Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pendinen, Galina; Gavrilenko, Tatjana] NI Vavilov Inst Plant Ind, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009 FU International Science and Technology Center [3329]; USDA; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [0316614] FX This study was supported by the International Science and Technology Center (grant No. 3329), by the USDA, and by the National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (0316614, entitled PBI Solanum: a worldwide treatment; http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/ solanaceaesource//). NR 26 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2008 VL 51 IS 9 BP 714 EP 720 DI 10.1139/G08-052 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 353OJ UT WOS:000259577000006 PM 18772949 ER PT J AU Kuhlman, LC Burson, BL Klein, PE Klein, RR Stelly, DM Price, HJ Rooney, WL AF Kuhlman, Les C. Burson, Byron L. Klein, Patricia E. Klein, Robert R. Stelly, David M. Price, H. James Rooney, William L. TI Genetic recombination in Sorghum bicolor x S-macrospermum interspecific hybrids SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Sorghum bicolor; interspecific hybrids; genetic recombination ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH; L. MOENCH; CHROMOSOME; EVOLUTION; POACEAE; AFLP; WILD; MAP AB Sorghum has been improved by public and private breeding programs utilizing germplasm mostly from within the species Sorghum bicolor. Until recently, cross-incompatibilities have prevented hybridization of S. bicolor with most other species within the genus Sorghum. Utilizing germplasm homozygous for the iap allele, hybrids were readily produced between S. bicolor (2n = 20; AAB(1)B(1)) and S. macrospermian (2n = 40 WWXXYYZZ). These hybrids were intermediate to the parents in chromosome number (2n = 30) and overall morphology. Meiosis in both parents was regular: S. bicolor had 10 bivalents per pollen mother cell (PMC) and S. macrospermum had all average of 19.96 bivalents per PMC. Six hybrids were studied cytologically and meiosis was irregular, with the chromosomes associating primarily as univalents and bivalents. There was an average of 3.54 bivalents per PMC, with a range of 0-8 bivalents, most of which were rods (98%). Using FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization), moderate levels (2.6 11 per PMC) of allosyndetic recombination were observed. Genomic relationships were sufficient to assign S. macrospermum the genomic formula AAB(1)B(1)YYZZ (Y and Z remain unknown). Allosyndetic recombination in the interspecific hybrids indicates that introgression through genetic recombination should be possible if viable backcrosses call be recovered. C1 [Kuhlman, Les C.; Stelly, David M.; Price, H. James; Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Burson, Byron L.; Klein, Robert R.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Klein, Patricia E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Kuhlman, LC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM les.kuhlman@pioneer.com OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2008 VL 51 IS 9 BP 749 EP 756 DI 10.1139/G08-061 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 353OJ UT WOS:000259577000010 PM 18772953 ER PT J AU Xu, ZY Kohel, RJ Song, GL Cho, JM Alabady, M Yu, J Koo, P Chu, J Yu, SX Wilkins, TA Zhu, YX Yu, JZ AF Xu, Zhanyou Kohel, Russell J. Song, Guoli Cho, Jaemin Alabady, Magdy Yu, Jing Koo, Pamela Chu, Jun Yu, Shuxun Wilkins, Thea A. Zhu, Yuxian Yu, John Z. TI Gene-rich islands for fiber development in the cotton genome SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE cotton; fiber development; EST unigenes; gene-rich islands; gene network ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; EST-DERIVED MICROSATELLITES; ALLOTETRAPLOID COTTON; LINKAGE MAP; CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CELL ELONGATION; UPLAND COTTON; EXPRESSION AB Cotton fiber is an economically important seed trichome and the world's leading natural fiber used in the manufacture of textiles. As a step toward elucidating the genomic organization and distribution of gene networks responsible for cotton fiber development, we investigated the distribution of fiber genes in the cotton genome. Results revealed the presence of gene-rich islands for fiber genes with a biased distribution in the tetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genome that was also linked to discrete fiber developmental stages based on expression profiles. There were 3 fiber gene-rich islands associated with fiber initiation on chromosome 5, 3 islands for the early to middle elongation stage on chromosome 10, 3 islands for the middle to late elongation stage on chromosome 14, and 1 island on chromosome 15 for secondary cell wall deposition, for a total of 10 fiber gene-rich islands. Clustering of functionally related gene Clusters in the cotton genome displaying similar transcriptional regulation indicates an organizational hierarchy with significant implications for the genetic enhancement of particular fiber quality traits. The relationship between gene-island distribution and functional expression profiling suggests for the first time the existence Of functional coupling gene clusters in the cotton genome. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Xu, Zhanyou; Kohel, Russell J.; Song, Guoli; Cho, Jaemin; Yu, Jing; Koo, Pamela; Chu, Jun; Yu, John Z.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Song, Guoli; Yu, Shuxun] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Cotton Res Inst, Minist Agr, Key Lab Cotton Genet Improvement, Anyang 455000, Henan, Peoples R China. [Alabady, Magdy; Wilkins, Thea A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Zhu, Yuxian] Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Yu, JZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM zyu@qutun.tamu.edu FU USDA-ARS [6202-21000-025-00D] FX We thank Dr. Lori Hinze for reviewing the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project 6202-21000-025-00D. NR 75 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 3 BP 173 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.05.010 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 342VP UT WOS:000258812000007 PM 18619771 ER PT J AU Luo, YQ Gerten, D Le Maire, G Parton, WJ Weng, ES Zhou, XH Keough, C Beier, C Ciais, P Cramer, W Dukes, JS Emmett, B Hanson, PJ Knapp, A Linder, S Nepstad, D Rustad, L AF Luo, Yiqi Gerten, Dieter Le Maire, Guerric Parton, William J. Weng, Ensheng Zhou, Xuhui Keough, Cindy Beier, Claus Ciais, Philippe Cramer, Wolfgang Dukes, Jeffrey S. Emmett, Bridget Hanson, Paul J. Knapp, Alan Linder, Sune Nepstad, Dan Rustad, Lindsey TI Modeled interactive effects of precipitation, temperature, and [CO2] on ecosystem carbon and water dynamics in different climatic zones SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; heterotrophic respiration; net ecosystem production; net primary production; runoff; transpiration ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GLOBAL VEGETATION MODEL; BOREAL NORWAY SPRUCE; REPRODUCTIVE PHENOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; GRASSLAND RESPONSES; WARMING EXPERIMENT; SOIL CARBON; PINE FOREST; NITROGEN AB Interactive effects of multiple global change factors on ecosystem processes are complex. It is relatively expensive to explore those interactions in manipulative experiments. We conducted a modeling analysis to identify potentially important interactions and to stimulate hypothesis formulation for experimental research. Four models were used to quantify interactive effects of climate warming (T), altered precipitation amounts [doubled (DP) and halved (HP)] and seasonality (SP, moving precipitation in July and August to January and February to create summer drought), and elevated [CO2] (C) on net primary production (NPP), heterotrophic respiration (R-h), net ecosystem production (NEP), transpiration, and runoff. We examined those responses in seven ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, and heathlands in different climate zones. The modeling analysis showed that none of the three-way interactions among T, C, and altered precipitation was substantial for either carbon or water processes, nor consistent among the seven ecosystems. However, two-way interactive effects on NPP, R-h, and NEP were generally positive (i.e. amplification of one factor's effect by the other factor) between T and C or between T and DP. A negative interaction (i.e. depression of one factor's effect by the other factor) occurred for simulated NPP between T and HP. The interactive effects on runoff were positive between T and HP. Four pairs of two-way interactive effects on plant transpiration were positive and two pairs negative. In addition, wet sites generally had smaller relative changes in NPP, R-h, runoff, and transpiration but larger absolute changes in NEP than dry sites in response to the treatments. The modeling results suggest new hypotheses to be tested in multifactor global change experiments. Likewise, more experimental evidence is needed for the further improvement of ecosystem models in order to adequately simulate complex interactive processes. C1 [Luo, Yiqi; Weng, Ensheng; Zhou, Xuhui] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Gerten, Dieter; Cramer, Wolfgang] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Le Maire, Guerric; Ciais, Philippe] UMR CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Parton, William J.; Keough, Cindy] Univ Colorado, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Beier, Claus] Tech Univ Denmark, Biosyst Dept, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Cramer, Wolfgang] CEREGE, F-13545 Aix En Provence 04, France. [Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Emmett, Bridget] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UP, Gwynedd, England. [Hanson, Paul J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Linder, Sune] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, So Swedish Forest Res Ctr, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Nepstad, Dan] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Rustad, Lindsey] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Luo, YQ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM yluo@ou.edu RI Beier, Claus/C-1789-2016; Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009; Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Weng, Ensheng/E-4390-2012; Emmett, Bridget/D-6199-2011; Gerten, Dieter/B-2975-2013; Beier, Claus/E-6288-2013; Cramer, Wolfgang/B-8221-2008; le Maire, Guerric/P-6378-2014; Zhou, Xuhui/H-4332-2011 OI Beier, Claus/0000-0003-0348-7179; Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Weng, Ensheng/0000-0002-1858-4847; Emmett, Bridget/0000-0002-2713-4389; Cramer, Wolfgang/0000-0002-9205-5812; NR 70 TC 139 Z9 150 U1 16 U2 137 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1986 EP 1999 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01629.x PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 334YM UT WOS:000258257700003 ER PT J AU Hunt, JF O'Dell, J Turk, C AF Hunt, John F. O'Dell, Jane Turk, Chris TI Fiberboard bending properties as a function of density, thickness, resin, and moisture content SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE bending properties; density; fiberboard; lodgepole pine; moisture content; phenolic resin; recycled fibers; small-diameter; thickness ID RECYCLED CORRUGATED CONTAINERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HARDBOARD; WASTE AB Fibers from treetop residues of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and recycled old corrugated containers were used to fabricate wet-formed fiberboard panels over a range of densities from 300 to 1100 kg m(-3), a thickness range from 1.3 to 4.8 mm, and phenolic resin contents from 0% to 4.5%. The panels were then tested after conditioning in 50% and 90% relative humidity (RH) environments. Density, thickness, equilibrium moisture content, bending modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) were measured for each panel. Panel apparent-density increased with thickness, but this may be due to surface effects rather than true density values. The equilibrium moisture content approximately doubled for the panels in the 90% RH environment, compared to 50% RH. At 50% and 90% RH conditions, equilibrium moisture contents decreased significantly when only 0.5% resin was added and remained essentially the same with increasing resin levels. In this study, both MOE and MOR increased with approximately the square of density. MOE increased, whereas MOR showed no clear effects as thickness and resin amount increased. This research is part of a larger program for developing an understanding of panel properties for engineered three-dimensional fiberboard products. C1 [Hunt, John F.; O'Dell, Jane; Turk, Chris] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Hunt, JF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jfhunt@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 5 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.083 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 344YO UT WOS:000258963400012 ER PT J AU Gao, H Obanda, DN Shupe, TF Hse, CY Ring, DR AF Gao, Heng Obanda, Diana N. Shupe, Todd F. Hse, Chung Y. Ring, Dennis R. TI Antifungal activities of heartwood extracts of Port-Orford cedar extractives SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE antifungal; environment friendly; extractives; Port-Orford cedar; wood preservatives ID DECAY RESISTANCE; DURABILITY; COMPONENTS C1 [Gao, Heng] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hse, Chung Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. [Ring, Dennis R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Shupe, TF (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tshupe@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 18 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD SEP PY 2008 VL 62 IS 5 BP 620 EP 623 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.084 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 344YO UT WOS:000258963400019 ER PT J AU Kane, DL Hinzman, LD Gieck, RE McNamara, JP Youcha, EK Oatley, JA AF Kane, Douglas L. Hinzman, Larry D. Gieck, Robert E. McNamara, James P. Youcha, Emily K. Oatley, Jeffrey A. TI Contrasting extreme runoff events in areas of continuous permafrost, Arctic Alaska SO HYDROLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Northern-Research-Basins International Symposium/Workshop (NRB) CY AUG 27-SEP 02, 2007 CL Petrozavodsk, RUSSIA SP No Res Basins, Reg Working Grp DE active layer; Alaska; Arctic; drought; floods; permafrost; runoff ID HYDROLOGY AB Spring snowmelt floods in the Arctic are common and can be expected every year, mainly because of the extensive snow cover that ablates relatively quickly. However, documentation of extreme flows (both low and high) in the Arctic is lacking in part because extreme flows are relatively rare and gauging sites are very sparse, with most of short duration. In the nested Kuparuk River research watersheds on the North Slope of Alaska, two large summer floods have been observed (July 1999 and August 2002) in the headwaters; these high flows are contrasted to the low flows (drought conditions) observed in the summers of 2005 and 2007. It is clear that the continuous permafrost and the limited near-surface storage in the shallow active layer are responsible for both the high and low flow responses. Or, stated another way, the active layer is a poor buffer to both floods and droughts. When contrasting summer floods with snowmelt floods, it is clear from flood frequency analyses that the smaller, high-gradient headwater basins will be dominated by summer floods while those watersheds draining the low gradient coastal plain will be dominated by snowmelt floods. The two summer floods in the headwaters had flows that were three to four times greater than the largest measured snowmelt flood, while on the coastal plain the 2002 summer storm for the whole of the Kuparuk River only produced the maximum summer runoff of record that was about 1/4 of the maximum snowmelt flood. So, on the coastal plain and even for the Greater Kuparuk River that drains across the coastal plain, snowmelt floods dominate. Drought conditions prevail in summers when the limited surface water storage in the active layer and surface water bodies is depleted because evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation. C1 [Kane, Douglas L.; Gieck, Robert E.; Youcha, Emily K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hinzman, Larry D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [McNamara, James P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Oatley, Jeffrey A.] Nat Resource Conservat Serv, USDA, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. RP Kane, DL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffdlk@uaf.edu RI McNamara, James/F-1993-2011; Hinzman, Larry/B-3309-2013 OI Hinzman, Larry/0000-0002-5878-6814 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1998-9563 J9 HYDROL RES JI Hydrol. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 39 IS 4 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.2166/nh.2008.005 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 338CS UT WOS:000258483300006 ER PT J AU Sherman, MA Goto, RM Moore, RE Hunt, HD Lee, TD Miller, MM AF Sherman, Mark A. Goto, Ronald M. Moore, Roger E. Hunt, Henry D. Lee, Terry D. Miller, Marcia M. TI Mass spectral data for 64 eluted peptides and structural modeling define peptide binding preferences for class I alleles in two chicken MHC-B haplotypes associated with opposite responses to Marek's disease SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE chicken MHC-B; MHC class I; peptide binding motif; BF2*2101; BF2*1301 ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; RELATIVE EFFICACY; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; CELL-LINES; MOLECULES; GENES; RESISTANCE; VACCINES AB In the chicken, resistance to lymphomas that form following infection with oncogenic strains of Marek's herpesvirus is strongly linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-B complex. MHC-B21 haplotype is associated with lower tumor-related mortality compared to other haplotypes including MHC-B13. The single, dominantly expressed class I gene (BF2) is postulated as responsible for the MHC-B haplotype association. We used mass spectrometry to identify peptides and structural modeling to define the peptide binding preferences of BF2*2101 and BF2*1301 proteins. Endogenous peptides (8-12 residues long) were eluted from affinity-purified BF2*2101 and BF2*1301 proteins obtained from transduced cDNA expressed in RP9 cells, hence expressed in the presence of heterologous TAP. Sequences of individual peptides were identified by mass spectrometry. BF2*2101 peptides appear to be tethered at the binding groove margins with longer peptides arching out but selected by preferred residues at positions P3, P5, and P8: X-X-[AVILFP]-X((1-5))-[AVLFWP]-X((2-3))-[VILFM]. BF2*1301 peptides appear selected for residues at P2, P3, P5, and P8: X-[DE]-[AVILFW]-X((1-2))-[DE]-X-X-[ED]-X((0-4)). Some longer BF2*1301 peptides likely also arch out, but others are apparently accommodated by repositioning of Arg83 so that peptides extend beyond the last preferred residue at P8. Comparisons of these peptides with earlier peptides derived in the presence of homologous TAP transport revealed the same side chain preferences. Scanning of Marek's and other viral proteins with the BF2*2101 motif identified many matches, as did the control human leukocyte antigen A*0201 motif. The BF2*1301 motif is more restricting suggesting that this allele may confer a selective advantage only in infections with a subset of viral pathogens. C1 [Goto, Ronald M.; Moore, Roger E.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Mol Biol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Sherman, Mark A.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Informat Sci, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Hunt, Henry D.; Miller, Marcia M.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Lee, Terry D.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Miller, MM (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Beckman Res Inst, Div Mol Biol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. EM mamiller@coh.org FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA033572-24] NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD SEP PY 2008 VL 60 IS 9 BP 527 EP 541 DI 10.1007/s00251-008-0302-6 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 330ID UT WOS:000257933300005 PM 18612635 ER PT J AU Compton, DL Laszlo, JA Eller, FJ Taylor, SL AF Compton, David L. Laszlo, Joseph A. Eller, Fred J. Taylor, Scott L. TI Purification of 1,2-diacylglycerols from vegetable oils: Comparison of molecular distillation and liquid CO2 extraction SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE alcoholysis; acyl migration; 1,2-diacylglycerols; fatty acid propyl esters; liquid CO2 extraction; molecular distillation ID ACYL MIGRATION; STRUCTURED LIPIDS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DIACYLGLYCEROL; MONOGLYCERIDES; GLYCEROLS; KINETICS; ACID AB High oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and soybean oil (SBO) were partially deacylated by enzyme-catalyzed propanolysis using lipozyme TL IM to form 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols (1,2-DAG) in 40% yields. 1,2-DAG are of interest as potential regiospecific intermediates in the synthesis of structured lipids for cosmeceutical and nutriceutical applications. Two purification techniques were examined to determine which was the Most efficient at removing the fatty acid propyl ester (FAPE) byproducts while limiting the spontaneous acyl migration of the 1,2-DAG to 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerols (1,3-MAG) and adversely affecting the physical properties of the 1,2-DAG and FAPE. Molecular distillation of the partially deacylated vegetable oils was examined at temperatures ranging from 120 to 240 degrees C. Molecular distillation at 220 degrees C removed 77% of the FAPE byproduct but caused significant acyl migration. Additionally, the acid values and Lovibond color of the partially deacylated vegetable oils were deleteriously affected. The purity of the FAPE, contaminated by co-distillation of di- and mono -acylglycerolspecies as monitored by viscosity values and H-1 NMR, was also compromised by the high temperature distillation. Distillations at lower temperatures improved the physical properties of the partially deacylated vegetable oils and the purity of the FAPE but at the sacrifice of the efficiency of FAPE removal. The mild condition of the liquid CO2 extraction afforded the most efficient removal of the FAPE, 96%, while causing no appreciable acyl migration, and resulted in acid values and Lovibond colors comparable to those obtained at the lowest molecular distillation temperatures studied. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.; Eller, Fred J.; Taylor, Scott L.] USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Compton, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Compton@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 28 IS 2 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.01.010 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 345HT UT WOS:000258987800001 ER PT J AU Isbell, TA Mund, MS Evangelista, RL Dierig, DA AF Isbell, Terry A. Mund, Melissa S. Evangelista, Roque L. Dierig, David A. TI Method for analysis of fatty acid distribution and oil content on a single Lesquerella fendleri seed SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Lesquerella; single seed; oil; FAMEs GC; HPLC ID INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS; L. AB Lesquerella fendleri is a developing oilseed crop suitable for temperate growing regions in the US. The seed oil is rich in lesquerolic acid (57%) and could serve as a domestic source of hydroxy fatty acids. A method for the analysis of fatty acids and total oil content of a half or single lesquerella seed was developed. Lesquerella. seeds are small with 1000 seed weights around 0.6 g (half seed mass of 200-500 mu g). Conventional analytical balances provide mass accuracy to +/- 40 mu g which fails to provide sufficient accuracy/precession (4-40% mass error) for the initial seed mass. A microbalance which measures to +/- 2 mu g provided good reproducibility in initial seed weights but was not suitable for mass balance of the extracted oil. A normal phase HPLC coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector gave good response for oil in the mass range of 22 mu g to 110 mu g/mL. Therefore, micelle concentrations from single or half seed extractions could be determined with good reproducibility. This method was then evaluated on bulk seed that had been fractionated on a gravity table. Gravity table fractionation of L. fendleri seeds obtained from a large field plot provided seven fractions with increasing bulk density. These fractions were then analyzed in sets of 30 individual seeds and as an aggregate of 50 seeds. Oil content for individual seeds varied widely (15.6-44.2%) as did lesquerolic acid content (42.2-63.7%). The mean oil content increased (27-33%) with increasing bulk density (684-745 g/L). The mean lesquerolic acid content did not correlate with bulk density. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Isbell, Terry A.; Mund, Melissa S.; Evangelista, Roque L.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Dierig, David A.] USDA ARS, ALARC, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. RP Isbell, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM terry.isbell@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 28 IS 2 BP 231 EP U5 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.02.010 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 345HT UT WOS:000258987800015 ER PT J AU Leverich, CK Palmer, GH Knowles, DP Brayton, KA AF Leverich, Christina K. Palmer, Guy H. Knowles, Donald P., Jr. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Tick-borne transmission of two genetically distinct Anaplasma marginale strains following superinfection of the mammalian reservoir host SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MALE DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; SALIVARY-GLANDS; SURFACE; RICKETTSIALES; CONSERVATION; INFECTION; IXODIDAE; MIDGUT; CATTLE; ACARI AB Strain superinfection affects the dynamics of epidemiological spread of pathogens through a host population. Superinfection has recently been shown to occur for two genetically distinct strains of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma marginale that encode distinctly different surface protein variants. Superinfected animals could serve as a reservoir for onward transmission of both strains if the tick vector is capable of acquiring and transmitting both strains. Whether competition among strains during development within the tick vector, which requires sequential invasion and replication events, limits colonization and subsequent transmission to a single strain is unknown. We tested this possibility by acquisition feeding Dermacentor andersoni ticks on a reservoir host superinfected with the genetically distinct St. Maries and EM Phi strains. Although the St. Maries strain consistently maintained higher bacteremia levels in the mammalian host and the EM Phi strain had an early advantage in colonization of the tick salivary glands, individual ticks were coinfected, and there was successful transmission of both strains. These results indicate that a genetically distinct A. marginale strain capable of superinfecting the mammalian host can subsequently be cotransmitted and become established within the host population despite the presence of an existing established strain. C1 [Leverich, Christina K.; Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Leverich, Christina K.; Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Leverich, Christina K.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knowles, Donald P., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Brayton, KA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kbrayton@vetmed.wsu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI44005]; U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [5348-32000-027-00D/-01S] FX We thank Ralph Horn, James Futse, James Allison, Debbie Alperin, Bev Hunter, and Melissa Flatt for technical assistance and Marc Evans for assistance with statistics.; This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI44005 and by U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service grant 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 76 IS 9 BP 4066 EP 4070 DI 10.1128/IAI.00594-08 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 340TI UT WOS:000258667500025 PM 18573892 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, BM Dunams, DB Pritt, B AF Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dunams, Detiger B. Pritt, Bobbi TI Restricted genetic diversity in the ubiquitous cattle parasite, Sarcocystis cruzi SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis; Coccidia; Parasites; Cattle; Beef; Food safety; Population genetics; Domestication; Dog ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; WATER-BUFFALO; DOMESTIC DOG; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION AB Although parasites of the genus Sarcocystis have likely cycled between bovine herbivores and canine carnivores for tens of millions of years, humans may have profoundly influenced the ecology and evolution of those prevalent in domesticated dogs and cattle. To preliminarily assess the possibility of such anthropogenic effects, we surveyed genetic variation in conserved (18S small subunit) and variable (ITS-1) portions of ribosomal DNA from a large sample of Sarcocystis cruzi occurring in taurine beef cattle raised in the United States and Uruguay, and compared these data to available homologues, including those reported from zebu cattle, water buffalo, and bison. For additional context, we compared the apparent diversity of cattle parasites to that reported from congeneric parasites in other hosts. We find that the S. cruzi of taurine cattle, whether derived from the Americas or Asia, are devoid of variability in the sequenced portion (80%) of the small subunit rDNA. By contrast, geographically limited samples of related parasites in other hosts, including those of wildlife, are more variable. At the adjacent ITS-1 locus, allelic distribution patterns did not indicate any regional barriers to gene flow, suggesting that the parasite may have been introduced to the Americas via a common source such as domesticated dogs or cattle. Thus, human impact on this parasite's distribution and diversification would seem to have been great. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rosenthal, Benjamin M.; Dunams, Detiger B.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pritt, Bobbi] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Div Clin Microbiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Rosenthal, BM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, East Bldg 1180, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM benjamin.rosenthal@ars.usda.gov OI Pritt, Bobbi/0000-0003-0261-1326; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 15 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 5 BP 588 EP 592 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.04.004 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 361XK UT WOS:000260160900010 PM 18501682 ER PT J AU Meinersmann, RJ Romero-Gallo, J Blaser, MJ AF Meinersmann, Richard J. Romero-Gallo, Judith Blaser, Martin J. TI Rate heterogeneity in the evolution of Helicobacter pylori and the behavior SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Homoplasy; Recombination; Transitions; Transversions; Helicobacter pylori ID MULTIPLE STRAIN COLONIZATION; METRONIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; RECOMBINATION; DIVERSITY; PLASMID; IDENTIFICATION AB Helicobacter pylori are bacteria with substantial inter-strain variability and phylogenetic reconstructions of sequence data from the organism have common homoplastic sites. Although frequent recombination events have been proposed to contribute to the variation, the effects of nucleotide substitution rate heterogeneities on the reconstruction of H. pylori genealogies have not been studied. We analyzed the substitution pattern of a housekeeping gene, a homologue of the ribonuclease reductase gene (rnr), to characterize rate heterogeneities between I I H. pylori isolates. Evidence of limited recombination was demonstrated by the Sawyer's runs test, but the homoplasy test and site-by-site compatibility tests indicated frequent recombination events. Within the 1935 nucleotide gene, 292 sites were polymorphic with an average pair-wise difference of 5.01%. Xia's distances for amino acids at non-synonymous codon substitution sites were smaller at homoplastic sites than at sites that were not homoplastic. Transitions were significantly more common among homoplastic than among non-homoplastic nucleotide substitutions. Simulations of evolution with or without recombination indicated the transition/transversion ratio is expected to be higher in homoplastic sites with no recombination. Despite evidence of recombination, analyses of the rnr genealogy does not show a random tree but rather base substitution behaviors characteristic of both recombination and substitution saturation at some sites. Analyses of sequences in the H. pylori multilocus sequence-typing database provided similar evidence for substitution saturation in multiple housekeeping genes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Meinersmann, Richard J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Romero-Gallo, Judith] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Blaser, Martin J.] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Blaser, Martin J.] VA Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Meinersmann, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM Rick.Meinersmann@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 5 BP 593 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.04.003 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 361XK UT WOS:000260160900011 PM 18571992 ER PT J AU DeFauw, SL Vogt, JT Boykin, DL AF DeFauw, S. L. Vogt, J. T. Boykin, D. L. TI Influence of mound construction by red and hybrid imported fire ants on soil chemical properties and turfgrass in a sod production agroecosystem SO INSECTES SOCIAUX LA English DT Article DE mound construction; biogeochemistry; Solenopsis invicta; Solenopsis invicta x S. richteri; turfgrass ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA BUREN; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; ORGANIC-ACIDS; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; DECOMPOSITION; MISSISSIPPI; EXUDATION; FERTILITY AB Mound construction by imported fire ants (Solenopsis spp.) actively modify the biogeochemical and physical properties of soil; however, their influence on nutrient levels in surrounding vegetation is poorly understood. Aside from the reported persistence of elevated available P and K levels in clay-rich soils one year after mound abandonment, the relative stability of nutrient concentrations from one season to the next is largely unknown. Nutrient concentrations were concurrently analysed from ant mounds and undisturbed soils as well as plant samples collected from warm-season turfgrass in a commercial sod production agroecosystem. Initial collection of soil and turfgrass samples coincided with peak annual biomass (September 2006); the second soil sample collection occurred over twelve weeks later during turfgrass dormancy and ant brood minimum (December 2006). Total C, C/N ratios, organic matter (OM), and Zn2+ concentrations as well as pH of ant mound soils were significantly higher than control plot soils; these trends persisted across seasons. Turfgrass harvested from ant mound perimeters in September exhibited elevated N, P, Ca2+, S, Cu2+, Fe2+, and Na+ concentrations. Evaluation of the relative stability of soil parameters across seasons revealed a significant drop in ant nest pH from September to December 2006. Total N of mound soils was distinctively greater than control soil counterparts during September only. Soil P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and S (all macronutrients), as well as Na+ concentrations from ant mound soils were substantially elevated during the late Autumn to Winter transition compared to control soil locations, whereas Fe2+ and Mn2+ levels (both micronutrients) were significantly lower in ant mound soils versus control soil environments. Continuous pedoturbation by imported fire ants as well as seasonal shifts in mound soil chemistry resulting from changes in assimilation/dissimilation among mound biota may influence the site-specific effectiveness of microfaunal pathogens (e.g., Thelohania solenopsae) or parasites (e.g., Orasema spp.) identified as classical biological control agents of non-native Solenopsis spp. Therefore, further study of the intrinsic complexities of soil ecosystem dynamics of imported fire ant mounds across several seasons is warranted. C1 [DeFauw, S. L.; Vogt, J. T.] ARS, USDA, Mid S Area, Natl Biol Control Lab,BCPRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Boykin, D. L.] ARS, USDA, Mid S Area, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP DeFauw, SL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mid S Area, Natl Biol Control Lab,BCPRU, POB 67,59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM sherri.defauw@ars.usda.gov; james.vogt@ars.usda.gov; debbie.boykin@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1812 J9 INSECT SOC JI Insect. Soc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 55 IS 3 BP 301 EP 312 DI 10.1007/s00040-008-1006-5 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 344WZ UT WOS:000258959300014 ER PT J AU Shen, T Kim, S Do, JS Wang, L Lantz, C Urban, JF Le Gros, G Min, B AF Shen, Tao Kim, Sohee Do, Jeong-su Wang, Lu Lantz, Chris Urban, Joseph F. Le Gros, Graham Min, Booki TI T cell-derived IL-3 plays key role in parasite infection-induced basophil production but is dispensable for in vivo basophil survival SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; basophils; IL-3; parasitic helminth ID CHRONIC ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION; EPSILON-RI EXPRESSION; NF-KAPPA-B; MAST-CELLS; IMMUNITY; INTERLEUKIN-3; RESPONSES; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; IGE AB Enhanced basophil production is often associated with T(h)2-related conditions such as parasite infections or allergic inflammations. Our previous study demonstrated that T cell activation is necessary to promote basophil production in Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb)-infected mice. Yet, mechanisms underlying how T cells aid infection-induced basophil production are not clear. In this report, we show that IL-3 produced by T cells activated by the infection enhances basophil production in Nb-infected mice. IL-3-deficient mice or Rag2(-/-) recipients of IL-3-deficient T cells but not of wildtype T cells failed to support basophil production following the Nb infection. Interestingly, although IL-3 was critical for preventing basophil apoptosis in vitro, IL-3 had little contribution to basophil survival and proliferation in vivo. Collectively, these results highlight a novel mechanism by which activation of adaptive immune components induces basophil production but not basophil survival via IL-3 production. C1 [Shen, Tao; Kim, Sohee; Do, Jeong-su; Wang, Lu; Min, Booki] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Immunol NB30, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Lantz, Chris] James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Urban, Joseph F.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Le Gros, Graham] Malaghan Inst Med Res, Wellington, New Zealand. RP Min, B (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Immunol NB30, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM minb@ccf.org RI Le Gros, Graham/C-6725-2011; Do, Jeong su/G-9483-2014; OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU Cleveland Clinic Foundation; American Heart Association [0730139N] FX Cleveland Clinic Foundation; American Heart Association (0730139N) (to B.M.). NR 32 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1201 EP 1209 DI 10.1093/intimm/dxn077 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 349RP UT WOS:000259301300010 PM 18632726 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Jones, JL AF Dubey, J. P. Jones, J. L. TI Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and animals in the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Toxoplasma gondii; humans; animals; oocysts; tissue cysts; USA ID OTTERS ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HUMAN CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INDUCED MURINE TOXOPLASMOSIS; CHICKENS GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; SKUNK MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS AB This paper reviews clinical and asymptomatic Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans and other animals in the USA. Seroprevalence of T gondii in humans and pigs is declining. Modes of transmission, epidemiology and environmental contamination with oocysts on land and sea are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 290 TC 340 Z9 367 U1 11 U2 100 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1257 EP 1278 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.03.007 PG 22 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 345TU UT WOS:000259020700005 PM 18508057 ER PT J AU Frank, KL Kalkstein, LS Geils, BW Thistle, HW AF Frank, K. L. Kalkstein, L. S. Geils, B. W. Thistle, H. W., Jr. TI Synoptic climatology of the long-distance dispersal of white pine blister rust. I. Development of an upper level synoptic classification SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE synoptic; indexing; classification; North America; upper atmosphere AB This study developed a methodology to temporally classify large scale, upper level atmospheric conditions over North America, utilizing a newly-developed upper level synoptic classification (ULSC). Four meteorological variables: geopotential height, specific humidity, and u- and v-wind components, at the 500 hPa level over North America were obtained from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project dataset for the period 1965-1974. These data were subjected to principal components analysis to standardize and reduce the dataset, and then an average linkage clustering algorithm identified groups of observations with similar flow patterns. The procedure yielded 16 clusters. These flow patterns identified by the ULSC typify all patterns expected to be observed over the study area. Additionally, the resulting cluster calendar for the period 1965-1974 showed that the clusters are generally temporally continuous. Subsequent classification of additional observations through a z-score method produced acceptable results, indicating that additional observations may easily be incorporated into the ULSC calendar. The ULSC calendar of synoptic conditions can be used to identify situations that lead to periods of extreme weather, i.e., heat waves, flooding and droughts, and to explore long-distance dispersal of airborne particles and biota across North America. C1 [Frank, K. L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Ctr Climat Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kalkstein, L. S.] Univ Miami, Dept Geog & Reg Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Geils, B. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Thistle, H. W., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Frank, KL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Ctr Climat Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM klfrank@udel.edu FU USDA Forest Service as Cooperative [01-CA-11244225-231]; Research Joint Venture [03-JV-11221605-297] FX Funded by USDA Forest Service as Cooperative Agreement 01-CA-11244225-231 (Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team) and Research Joint Venture 03-JV-11221605-297 (Rocky Mountain Research Station). NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 52 IS 7 BP 641 EP 652 DI 10.1007/s00484-008-0157-4 PG 12 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 340OR UT WOS:000258655400008 PM 18491150 ER PT J AU Frank, KL Geils, BW Kalkstein, LS Thistle, HW AF Frank, K. L. Geils, B. W. Kalkstein, L. S. Thistle, H. W., Jr. TI Synoptic climatology of the long-distance dispersal of white pine blister rust II. Combination of surface and upper-level conditions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cronartium; invasive species; atmospheric transport; synoptic climatology; aerobiology ID CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; AERIAL DISPERSAL; PLANT-DISEASE; FUNGAL SPORES; SIERRA-NEVADA; 1ST REPORT; SPREAD; TRANSPORT; PATHOGENS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB An invasive forest pathogen, Cronartium ribicola, white pine blister rust (WPBR), is believed to have arrived in the Sacramento Mountains of south-central New Mexico about 1970. Epidemiological and genetic evidence supports the hypothesis that introduction was the result of long-distance dispersal (LDD) by atmospheric transport from California. This study applies a method to identify the atmospheric conditions favorable for rust transport and infection. An upper level synoptic classification (ULSC) identifies patterns of upper-level flow favorable for the transport of rust spores from a source to a target. Transport data are coupled with data for surface conditions favorable for infection at a designated target. A resulting calendar lists likelihood classes for establishment by four-times-daily observations during a dispersal season from April through July in the years 1965 to 1974. The single most-favorable period for transport and infection at the New Mexico site was identified as 1-15 June 1969. Five additional sites in the western United States with susceptible white pine populations and known infestation status were then evaluated to verify the model. Only the infested sites exhibit an establishment likelihood of "high" or "very high." This suggests that the methodology correctly identifies locations with elevated establishment likelihood. Finally, likelihoods at nine additional points in the southwestern United States are determined and used to map regional patterns of transport, infection and establishment. The ULSC combined with appropriate surface meteorological data could be used to further investigate transport and infection, identify other areas at risk, assess the potential for gene flow of WPBR and evaluate long-distance dispersal of other pathogens. C1 [Frank, K. L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Ctr Climat Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Geils, B. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Kalkstein, L. S.] Univ Miami, Dept Geog & Reg Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Thistle, H. W., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Frank, KL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Ctr Climat Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM klfrank@udel.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team [TD.01.M01]; Rocky Mountain Research Station [03-JV-11221605-297]; University of Delaware, Department of Geography, Center for Climatic Research FX The authors thank Frank Hawksworth for finding the rust; Gene Van Arsdel for insisting it came from California; Dave Conklin and John Popp for showing us where it was; Mary Lou Fairweather for challenging us to explain why not the San Francisco Peaks; Detlev Vogler for encouraging us to see it as a dynamic, interacting, and evolving member of a complex pathosystem; Paul Zambino for comments on the manuscript; and Richard Sniezko for sharing Danchock's find. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Project# TD.01.M01 and Rocky Mountain Research Station (03-JV-11221605-297), and University of Delaware, Department of Geography, Center for Climatic Research. Development of the ULSC and its application to the Sacramento outbreak was performed by Katrina Frank in partial fulfillment of a Ph.D. in Climatology. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 52 IS 7 BP 653 EP 666 DI 10.1007/s00484-008-0158-3 PG 14 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 340OR UT WOS:000258655400009 PM 18506491 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, KC Scharfenstein, LL Montalbano, BG Chang, PK AF Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Scharfenstein, Leslie L., Jr. Montalbano, Beverly G. Chang, Perng-Kuang TI Are the genes nadA and norB involved in formation of aflatoxin G(1)? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus parasiticus; aflatoxin biosynthesis; aryl alcohol dehydrogenase; gene disruption; OYE-flavin mononucleotide reductase ID OLD YELLOW ENZYME; ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS; BIOSYNTHESIS; CLUSTER AB Aflatoxins, the most toxic and carcinogenic family of fungal secondary metabolites, are frequent contaminants of foods intended for human consumption. Previous studies showed that formation of G-group aflatoxins (AFs) from O-methylsterigmatocystin (OMST) by certain Aspergillus species involves oxidation by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, OrdA (AflQ) and CypA (AflU). However, some of the steps in the conversion have not yet been fully defined. Extracts of Aspergillus parasiticus disruption mutants of the OYE-FMN binding domain reductase-encoding gene nadA (aflY) contained a 386 Da AFG(1) precursor. A compound with this mass was predicted as the product of sequential OrdA and CypA oxidation of OMST. Increased amounts of a 362 Da alcohol, the presumptive product of NadA reduction, accumulate in extracts of fungi with disrupted aryl alcohol dehydrogenase-encoding gene norB. These results show that biosynthesis of AFG1 involves NadA reduction and NorB oxidation. C1 [Ehrlich, Kenneth C.; Scharfenstein, Leslie L., Jr.; Montalbano, Beverly G.; Chang, Perng-Kuang] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Ehrlich, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687,1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. EM ken.ehrlich@ars.usda.gov; les.scharfenstein@ars.usda.gov; beverly.montalbano@ars.usda.gov; perngkuang.chang@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6596 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 9 IS 9 BP 1717 EP 1729 DI 10.3390/ijms9091717 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 355VA UT WOS:000259736000009 PM 19325828 ER PT J AU Waterland, RA Travisano, M Tahiliani, KG Rached, MT Mirza, S AF Waterland, R. A. Travisano, M. Tahiliani, K. G. Rached, M. T. Mirza, S. TI Methyl donor supplementation prevents transgenerational amplification of obesity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE epigenetic; body weight regulation; DNA methylation; methyl supplementation; agouti viable yellow ID EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE; VIABLE-YELLOW; AGOUTI LOCUS; COAT COLOR; GENE; MICE; PREGNANCY; MOUSE; DIET; EXPRESSION AB Background: The obesity epidemic, recognized in developed nations for decades, is now a worldwide phenomenon. All age groups are affected, including women of childbearing age, fueling concern that maternal obesity before and during pregnancy and lactation impairs developmental establishment of body weight regulatory mechanisms in the fetus or infant, causing transgenerational amplification of obesity prevalence and severity. The biological mechanisms underlying such processes remain unknown. Methods: We used agouti viable yellow (A(vy)) mice to test the hypothesis that maternal obesity induces transgenerational amplification of obesity. We passed the A(vy) allele through three generations of A(vy)/a females and assessed cumulative effects on coat color and body weight. By studying two separate but contemporaneous populations of mice, one provided a standard diet and the other a methyl-supplemented diet that induces DNA hypermethylation during development, we tested whether potential transgenerational effects on body weight might be mediated by alterations in epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation. Results: The genetic tendency for obesity in A(vy) mice was progressively exacerbated when the A(vy) allele was passed through successive generations of obese A(vy) females. This transgenerational amplification of body weight was prevented by a promethylation dietary supplement. Importantly, the effect of methyl supplementation on body weight was independent of epigenetic changes at the A(vy) locus, indicating this model may have direct relevance to human transgenerational obesity. Conclusion: Our results show that in a population with a genetic tendency for obesity, effects of maternal obesity accumulate over successive generations to shift the population distribution toward increased adult body weight, and suggest that epigenetic mechanisms are involved in this process. C1 [Waterland, R. A.; Tahiliani, K. G.; Rached, M. T.; Mirza, S.] USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, R. A.; Tahiliani, K. G.; Rached, M. T.; Mirza, S.] USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Travisano, M.] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX USA. [Travisano, M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Waterland, RA (reprint author), USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St,Ste 5080, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM waterland@bcm.edu RI Jansen, Nils/G-1835-2011; OI Travisano, Michael/0000-0001-8168-0842 FU NIH [5K01DK070007]; the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation [5-FY05-47]; USDA CRIS [6250-51000-049 (RAW)]; NSF [DEB-021306, DEB-0445351] FX We thank Vincent Dion, Hannah Landecker and Lanlan Shen for comments on the manuscript, and Adam Gillum for help with the figures. This study was supported by the NIH Grant 5K01DK070007, research Grant no. 5-FY05-47 from the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, and USDA CRIS no. 6250-51000-049 (RAW) and NSF DEB-021306 and NSF DEB-0445351 (MT). NR 25 TC 200 Z9 208 U1 5 U2 36 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1373 EP 1379 DI 10.1038/ijo.2008.100 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 348LV UT WOS:000259212900005 PM 18626486 ER PT J AU Robinet, C Lance, DR Thorpe, KW Onufrieva, KS Tobin, PC Liebhold, AM AF Robinet, C. Lance, D. R. Thorpe, K. W. Onufrieva, K. S. Tobin, P. C. Liebhold, A. M. TI Dispersion in time and space affect mating success and Allee effects in invading gypsy moth populations SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE expanding populations; isolated colonies; Lymantria dispar; protandry; stochastic diffusion model ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; LYMANTRIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; PHEROMONE; DYNAMICS; INTRODUCTIONS; PERSISTENCE; DISPARLURE; WISCONSIN; PREDATION AB 1. Understanding why invading populations sometimes fail to establish is of considerable relevance to the development of strategies for managing biological invasions. 2. Newly arriving populations tend to be sparse and are often influenced by Allee effects. Mating failure is a typical cause of Allee effects in low-density insect populations, and dispersion of individuals in space and time can exacerbate mate-location failure in invading populations. 3. Here we evaluate the relative importance of dispersal and sexual asynchrony as contributors to Allee effects in invading populations by adopting as a case study the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.), an important insect defoliator for which considerable demographic information is available. 4. We used release-recapture experiments to parameterize a model that describes probabilities that males locate females along various spatial and temporal offsets between male and female adult emergence. 5. Based on these experimental results, we developed a generalized model of mating success that demonstrates the existence of an Allee threshold, below which introduced gypsy moth populations are likely to go extinct without any management intervention. C1 [Robinet, C.] INRA Zool Forestiere, UR633, F-45166 Olivet, France. [Robinet, C.; Tobin, P. C.; Liebhold, A. M.] USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Lance, D. R.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Pest Survey Detect & Exclus Lab, Otis ANGB, Boston, MA 02542 USA. [Thorpe, K. W.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Onufrieva, K. S.] Dept Entomol, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Robinet, C (reprint author), INRA Zool Forestiere, UR633, Ave Pomme Pin, F-45166 Olivet, France. EM robinet@orleans.inra.fr RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Onufrieva, Ksenia/A-4609-2008 OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Onufrieva, Ksenia/0000-0002-8424-850X NR 49 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8790 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 77 IS 5 BP 966 EP 973 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01417.x PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 336ZN UT WOS:000258405400014 PM 18557957 ER PT J AU Bennett, GL AF Bennett, G. L. TI Experimental selection for calving ease and postnatal growth in seven cattle populations. I. Changes in estimated breeding values SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE birth weight; calving difficulty; cattle; estimated breeding value; genetic trend; selection ID HIGH YEARLING WEIGHT; BEEF-CATTLE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; GENETIC (CO)VARIANCES; COMPOSITE POPULATIONS; PARENTAL POPULATIONS; ADVANCED GENERATIONS; DIFFICULTY SCORE; TRAITS; HETEROSIS AB Selection was used to create select and control lines within 4 purebred and 3 composite cattle populations. Both lines were selected for similar direct yearling weight and maternal weaning weight EBV. Select lines were selected for lower 2-yr-old heifer calving difficulty score EBV and control lines were selected for average birth weight EBV. Select (n = 6,926) and control (n = 2,043) line calves were born from 1993 through 1999 and selection began with the 1992 mating. High replacement rates resulted in 2,188 births to select line and 598 births to control line heifers. Data used to calculate EBV came from these populations and from 15 yr of data preceding the experiment. Calving difficulty was scored from 1 (no assistance) to 7 (cesarean). Calving difficulty scores from all twins, malpresentations, and cows 3 yr old and older were eliminated. Except for the first year, when a single-trait BLUP was used, a multiple-trait BLUP was used to calculate direct and maternal EBV for calving difficulty score, birth weight, and weaning weight, and direct EBV for postweaning gain. Sires (n = 498) were selected from those born in both the preceding populations and the select and control lines. In purebred populations, some industry sires (n = 88) were introduced based on their EPD. Tests of mean select and control line EBV differences of calves born in the final 2 yr were based on population variation. Select line direct EBV were 1.06 lower for heifer calving difficulty score (P < 0.001) and 3.5 kg lower (P < 0.001) for birth weight than controls. Average differences for other EBV were small and not significant. Yearling weight EBV was intentionally increased in both select and control lines of purebred populations. Angus, Hereford, Charolais, and Gelbvieh yearling weight EBV in control lines increased by 32.4, 27.2, 21.0, and 10.5 kg, respectively, from 1991 and 1992 to 1998 and 1999 compared with an average increase of 2.7 kg in composite populations. Birth weight direct EBV in purebred control lines increased by approximately 8% of yearling weight EBV increases. Selection based on a multiple-trait BLUP was able to create lines differing in calving difficulty score and birth weight EBV, but not in weaning weight and postweaning gain EBV. Differences between lines should be useful for evaluating BLUP and other traits and for identifying potential limitations of genetically decreasing calving difficulty score and birth weight. C1 ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Bennett, GL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM gary.bennett@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2093 EP 2102 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0767 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500006 PM 18441073 ER PT J AU Bennett, GL Thallman, RM Snelling, WM Kuehn, LA AF Bennett, G. L. Thallman, R. M. Snelling, W. M. Kuehn, L. A. TI Experimental selection for calving ease and postnatal growth in seven cattle populations. II. Phenotypic differences SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE calving difficulty; cattle; gestation length; growth; pelvic area; selection response ID HIGH YEARLING WEIGHT; INDEPENDENT CULLING LEVELS; AVERAGE BIRTH-WEIGHT; BEEF-CATTLE; SUBSEQUENT REPRODUCTION; GENETIC (CO)VARIANCES; PARENTAL POPULATIONS; DIFFICULTY SCORE; HEREFORD CATTLE; MASS SELECTION AB Effects of selection for 2-yr-old heifer calving ease (reduced calving difficulty score) on phenotypic differences between select and control lines of cattle for birth, growth, yearling hip height, and pelvic measurements were estimated. The selection objective was to decrease calving difficulty score in 2-yr-old heifers, while either maintaining or increasing yearling weight. The control line objective was to maintain or increase yearling weight by the same amount as the select lines and to maintain or proportionally increase birth weight. Select and control lines were formed in 4 purebred and 3 composite populations. Selection began in 1992 and select (n = 6,926) and control (n = 2,043) line calves were born from 1993 through 1999. Selection was based on EBV calculated from a 4-trait BLUP with observations on 2-yr-old calving difficulty scores, birth weight, weaning weight, and postweaning gain. Calving difficulty was scored on a scale from 1 (unassisted) to 7 (caesarean). All birth traits in select lines differed significantly from control lines. Averaged over 7 yr, select lines calved 3.0 +/- 0.5 d earlier, had 1.8 +/- 0.5 d shorter gestations, were 2.99 +/- 0.32 kg lighter at birth, had 5.6 +/- 1.5% fewer calves assisted at birth (averaged across dam ages), and 2-yr-old heifers had 0.80 +/- 0.08 lower calving difficulty score. Select lines averaged 19.8% lower 2-yr-old heifer calving assistance, but there was no difference in calving assistance of older cows, resulting in a highly significant interaction of selection and dam classification. Preweaning ADG was increased 15 +/- 9 g/d (1.7%) in select lines. Increased preweaning gain offset decreased birth weights in select lines, resulting in weaning weights that did not differ (P = 0.71). Postweaning ADG (P = 0.16) and yearling weight (P = 0.41) also did not differ. Increased preweaning ADG in select lines was not maintained after weaning. Select line hip heights were 0.70 +/- 0.21 cm shorter when measured as yearlings. Pelvic height, width, and area of select heifers measured 25 to 74 d after yearling weights were not significantly different. The differences between select and control lines significantly changed over the course of the experiment for some traits. In the final 2 yr of the experiment, select lines had 3.9 kg lower birth weight and 1.3 cm shorter hip heights. Selection can be used effectively to reduce 2-yr-old calving difficulty and calving assistance while maintaining or increasing yearling weight. C1 [Bennett, G. L.; Thallman, R. M.; Snelling, W. M.; Kuehn, L. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Bennett, GL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM gary.bennett@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2103 EP 2114 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0768 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500007 PM 18441079 ER PT J AU Miles, JR Freking, BA Blomberg, LA Vallet, JL Zuelke, KA AF Miles, J. R. Freking, B. A. Blomberg, L. A. Vallet, J. L. Zuelke, K. A. TI Conceptus development during blastocyst elongation in lines of pigs selected for increased uterine capacity or ovulation rate SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE blastocyst elongation; estradiol; gene expression; pig; ovulation rate; uterine capacity ID GENE-EXPRESSION; PORCINE CONCEPTUS; LARGE WHITE; SWINE; PREGNANCY; EMBRYO; SECRETION; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; PROTEIN AB Lines of pigs selected for increased uterine capacity have improved conceptus survival, whereas pigs selected for increased ovulation rate have decreased conceptus survival relative to an unselected control line. The objective of this study was to evaluate conceptus development during blastocyst elongation as a potential contributing factor to differences in conceptus survival rate among these pig lines. Conceptuses were recovered from pregnant control, uterine capacity, and ovulation rate line gilts at d 10 and 12 of gestation. At d 10 of gestation, conceptus morphologic diversity was assessed by comparing within-litter average conceptus diameter and the standard deviation of conceptus diameters. At d 12 of gestation, conceptus morphologic diversity was assessed by comparing blastocyst populations obtained from individual gilts. Real-time PCR analyses for transcripts involved in steroidogenesis, cellular differentiation, and immune responsiveness were performed on spherical, ovoid, and filamentous conceptuses recovered from these selection lines. Uterine flushings were also assayed for total protein and estradiol-17 beta at d 10 and 12 of gestation. Morphological data were analyzed using ANOVA with the fixed effects of line, farrowing season, and their interactions. Conceptus mortality, uterine flushing, and real-time PCR data were analyzed using ANOVA with the fixed effects of line, day or blastocyst morphology, farrowing season, and their interactions. Conceptus mortality, measured as the ratio of conceptus recovery to ovulation rate, was not different between the lines on d 10 and 12 of gestation. There were no significant line effects for conceptus morphologic diversity at d 10 and 12 of gestation. Expression of transcripts associated with steroidogenesis (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage, and aromatase), cellular differentiation (cytokeratin-18 and vimentin), and immune responsiveness (interleukin-1 beta) in spherical, ovoid, and filamentous conceptuses was not different between the lines. Furthermore, protein and estradiol-17 beta in uterine flushings at d 10 and 12 of gestation were not different between the selection lines. These findings indicate limited, if any, deviations between these lines of pigs in conceptus development during blastocyst elongation and suggest that mechanisms involved in generating line differences in survival rate likely are manifested later in gestation. C1 [Miles, J. R.; Freking, B. A.; Vallet, J. L.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Blomberg, L. A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zuelke, K. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Miles, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Jeremy.Miles@ars.usda.gov RI Miles, Jeremy/A-7572-2009; Zuelke, Kurt/H-8609-2013 FU USDAARS; CRIS [5438-31000-077] FX We thank Susan Hassler and Troy Gramke (US Meat Animal Research Center) for technical assistance in collection and processing of samples and data collection, Linda Parnell (US Meat Animal Research Center) for secretarial assistance, the US Meat Animal Research Center swine crew for animal husbandry, the US Meat Animal Research Center abattoir crew for assistance with slaughter, and John Gadsby (North Carolina State University, Raleigh) and Kimberly Vonnahme (North Dakota State University, Fargo) for critical review of this manuscript. Research supported by USDAARS, CRIS Project No. 5438-31000-077. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2126 EP 2134 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-1066 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500009 PM 18469062 ER PT J AU Scholljegerdes, E Kronberg, S AF Scholljegerdes, E. Kronberg, S. TI Influence of level of supplemental whole flaxseed on forage intake and site and extent of digestion in beef heifers consuming native grass hay SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; digestion; fatty acid; flaxseed; forage ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; LINSEED OIL SUPPLEMENTATION; NUTRIENT UTILIZATION; RUMINAL FERMENTATION; MICROBIAL EFFICIENCY; CONCENTRATE RATIO; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; DUODENAL FLOW; CANOLA SEED AB The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of supplemental whole flaxseed level on intake and site and extent of digestion in beef cattle consuming native grass hay. Nine Angus heifers (303 +/- 6.7 kg of BW) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a triplicated 3 x 3 Latin square. Cattle were given ad libitum access to chopped native grass hay (9.6% CP and 77.5% NDF, OM basis). All animals were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 experimental treatments of hay plus no supplement (control); 0.91 kg/d whole flaxseed (23.0% CP, 36.3% NDF, and 25.5% total fatty acid, OM basis); or 1.82 kg/d whole flaxseed on a DM basis. Supplemental flaxseed tended to decrease (linear, P = 0.06) forage OM intake. However, total OM intake did not differ (P = 0.29) with increasing levels of flaxseed. Total duodenal OM flow increased (linear, P = 0.05) with additional flaxseed in the diet, and no differences (P = 0.29) were observed for microbial OM flow. True ruminal OM disappearance was not affected (P = 0.14) by supplemental flaxseed. Apparent lower tract OM digestibility increased (linear, P = 0.01) with level of whole flaxseed. Apparent total tract OM digestibility was not different (P = 0.41) among treatments. Nitrogen intake increased (linear, P < 0.001) with supplemental flaxseed. In addition, total duodenal N flow tended (P = 0.08) to increase with additional dietary flaxseed. However, true ruminal N digestibility did not differ (P = 0.11) across treatment. Supplemental whole flaxseed did not influence ruminal (P = 0.13) or total tract (P = 0.23) NDF digestibility. Ruminal molar proportion of propionate responded quadratically (P < 0.001) with increasing levels of whole flaxseed. An increase in the duodenal supply of 18:3n-3 (P < 0.001), total unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001), and total fatty acids (P < 0.001) was observed with additional dietary whole flaxseed. Apparent postruminal 18:3n-3 disappearance tended to decrease (P = 0.07) as intake of flaxseed increased. Overall, the inclusion of 1.82 kg/d of flaxseed does not appear to negatively influence nutrient digestibility of a forage-based diet and therefore can be used as an effective supplement to increase intestinal supply of key fatty acids important to human health. C1 [Scholljegerdes, E.; Kronberg, S.] ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Scholljegerdes, E (reprint author), ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM Eric.Scholljegerdes@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2310 EP 2320 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-0864 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500025 PM 18469065 ER PT J AU Moore, DA Terrill, TH Kouakou, B Shaik, SA Mosjidis, JA Miller, JE Vanguru, M Kannan, G Burke, JM AF Moore, D. A. Terrill, T. H. Kouakou, B. Shaik, S. A. Mosjidis, J. A. Miller, J. E. Vanguru, M. Kannan, G. Burke, J. M. TI The effects of feeding sericea lespedeza hay on growth rate of goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gastrointestinal nematode; goat; growth; sericea lespedeza ID SULLA HEDYSARUM-CORONARIUM; LUCERNE MEDICAGO-SATIVA; CONDENSED TANNINS; ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; PRESERVATION METHOD; RUMEN METABOLISM; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; FORAGE; SHEEP AB Goat production is increasing in the United States due to high ethnic demand, but infection with gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasites is a major constraint to the industry. Increasing GIN resistance to chemical anthelmintics worldwide has led to the development of alternative control strategies, including use of forages containing condensed tannins (CT). An experiment was designed using infected and dewormed male kids (Kiko x Spanish, 6 mo old, 18.9 +/- 3.25 kg) fed diets containing 25% concentrate and either 75% sericea lespedeza [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum-Cours.) G. Don], a high CT forage (87 to 181 g of CT/kg), or 75% bermudagrass [BG; Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay (n = 10/treatment). The kids were weighed every 14 d, and fecal and blood samples were taken weekly for fecal egg counts and packed cell volume determination, respectively. Fecal cultures were processed every 14 d to determine CT effect on larval development. At slaughter, adult GIN were collected from the abomasum and small intestines for counting and speciation. Blood samples were also analyzed for plasma urea-N, and ruminal VFA and pH were determined. The infected SL-fed kids had consistently lower (P < 0.05) fecal egg counts than the infected BG goats throughout the trial and greater (P < 0.05) packed cell volume beginning by d 77. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.001) in kids fed SL- than BG-based diets, regardless of infection status (104.3 +/- 5.0 and 75.5 +/- 4.8 g/d, respectively). Total VFA and acetate concentrations were greater (P < 0.001) in the BG- than in SL- fed goats, whereas propionate levels were unaffected by diet. Acetate: propionate ratio (P = 0.01) and plasma urea-N (P = 0.03) levels were greater in BG- fed goats, whereas rumen pH was greater (P < 0.001) in the SL- fed goats. Feeding SL hay can reduce GIN infection levels and increase performance of goats compared with BG hay. C1 [Moore, D. A.; Terrill, T. H.; Kouakou, B.; Shaik, S. A.; Vanguru, M.; Kannan, G.] Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Mosjidis, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Burke, J. M.] Dale Bumpers Small Farms, USDA ARS, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. RP Terrill, TH (reprint author), Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. EM terrillt@fvsu.edu NR 44 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2328 EP 2337 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0411 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500027 PM 18469053 ER PT J AU Kerr, BJ Ziemer, CJ Weber, TE Trabue, SL Bearson, BL Shurson, GC Whitney, MH AF Kerr, B. J. Ziemer, C. J. Weber, T. E. Trabue, S. L. Bearson, B. L. Shurson, G. C. Whitney, M. H. TI Comparative sulfur analysis using thermal combustion or inductively coupled plasma methodology and mineral composition of common livestock feedstuffs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE analysis; dietary sulfur; feedstuff; inductively coupled plasma; thermal combustion ID AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; GROWING PIGS; BASE-BALANCE; 10 SAMPLES; WATER; PERFORMANCE; DIGESTIBILITY; SWINE AB The objective of this study was to compare the use of thermal combustion (CNS) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) to measure the total S content in plant-, animal-, and mineral-based feedstuffs, and to provide concentrations of other macro- and micro-minerals contained in these feedstuffs. Forty-five feedstuffs (464 total samples) were obtained from suppliers as well as swine feed and pet food manufacturers throughout the United States. Mineral data from IPC analysis were summarized on a DM basis using sample mean and SD, whereas the comparison of total S content between CNS and ICP was examined by bivariate plot and correspondence correlation. Analyses of a wide range of feedstuffs by CNS and ICP for total S were comparable for all but a few feedstuffs. For potassium iodide and tribasic copper chloride, ICP estimated total S to be lower than when analyzed by CNS (bias = 2.51 +/- 0.15 SE, P < 0.01). In contrast, for defluorinated phosphate and limestone, ICP estimated total S to be greater than when analyzed by CNS bias = -1.46 +/- 0.51 SE, P < 0.01). All other samples had similar estimates of total S, whether analyzed by CNS or ICP. As expected, S composition varied greatly among feedstuffs. For total S, plant- based feedstuffs generally had lower total S compared with animal-based feedstuffs, whereas minerals supplied in sulfate form had the greatest concentration of total S. In addition to total S, mineral composition data are provided for all feedstuffs as obtained by ICP analysis. Within specific feedstuffs, mineral composition was quite variable, potentially due to low concentrations in the feedstuff causing high mathematical variation or due to the source of feedstock obtained. In general, analyzed values of P were similar to previous tabular values. These data provide feed formulators a database from which modifications in dietary minerals can be accomplished and from which mineral requirements can be met more precisely to reduce losses of minerals into the environment. C1 [Kerr, B. J.; Ziemer, C. J.; Weber, T. E.; Trabue, S. L.; Bearson, B. L.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shurson, G. C.; Whitney, M. H.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kerr, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brian.kerr@ars.usda.gov OI Trabue, Steven/0000-0002-4584-5790 NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2377 EP 2384 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0811 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500032 PM 18441076 ER PT J AU Swanson, TJ Hammer, CJ Luther, JS Carlson, DB Taylor, JB Redmer, DA Neville, TL Reed, JJ Reynolds, LP Caton, JS Vonnahme, KA AF Swanson, T. J. Hammer, C. J. Luther, J. S. Carlson, D. B. Taylor, J. B. Redmer, D. A. Neville, T. L. Reed, J. J. Reynolds, L. P. Caton, J. S. Vonnahme, K. A. TI Effects of gestational plane of nutrition and selenium supplementation on mammary development and colostrum quality in pregnant ewe lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE colostrum; ewe lamb; nutritional level; pregnancy; selenium ID VISCERAL ORGAN MASS; ANGIOGENIC FACTOR EXPRESSION; FETAL BODY-WEIGHT; JEJUNAL VASCULARITY; DIETARY RESTRICTION; GROWING ADOLESCENT; PLACENTAL GROWTH; GLAND GROWTH; SHEEP; CELLULARITY AB To examine effects of nutritional plane and Se supplementation on colostrum quality and mammary development, individually fed, pregnant Rambouillet ewe lambs were allotted randomly to 1 of 6 treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Main effects included dietary Se level, which began at breeding (d = 0) [adequate Se (9.5 mu g/kg of BW) vs. high Se (81.8 mu g/kg of BW)], and plane of nutrition, which began at d 50 of gestation [60% (RES), 100% (CON), and 140% (HIGH) of requirements]. Upon parturition, lambs were immediately separated from dams and weighed. Three hours after lambing, colostrum yield was determined, and samples were obtained for components and immunoglobulin G (IgG) analysis. Ewes were slaughtered within 24 h of parturition, and mammary tissues were collected for determination of alveolar secretory epithelial cell proliferation index and luminal area. Gestation length was reduced (P < 0.01) in HIGH ewes compared with RES and CON ewes. Although birth weights were reduced (P < 0.01) in RES and HIGH compared with CON ewes, there was little effect of diet on placental size. Mammary gland weight was reduced (P <= 0.05) in RES compared with CON and HIGH, which were similar. However, when expressed as grams per kilogram of BW, mammary gland weight in HIGH ewes was less (P = 0.03) compared with RES and CON. Colostrum weight and volume were reduced (P < 0.01) in RES and HIGH ewes compared with CON. Although colostrum IgG concentration was greater in RES ewes compared with CON and HIGH, total IgG was lower (P <= 0.06) in RES and HIGH compared with CON ewes. The percentage of alveolar cells proliferating was increased (P < 0.04) in HIGH compared with RES ewes, with CON being intermediate. Percentage of alveoli luminal area per unit tissue area was increased (P = 0.04) in RES compared with HIGH and CON ewes, which did not differ. Selenium had no effect (P >= 0.15) on mammary gland weight, colostrum quantity, or IgG concentration in pregnant ewe lambs. Improper nutrition from mid to late pregnancy in ewe lambs altered colostrum quality and quantity and reduced offspring birth weight, which may have negative implications for lamb health and survival during the early postnatal period. C1 [Swanson, T. J.; Hammer, C. J.; Luther, J. S.; Carlson, D. B.; Redmer, D. A.; Neville, T. L.; Reed, J. J.; Reynolds, L. P.; Caton, J. S.; Vonnahme, K. A.] N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] US Sheep Expt Stn, USDA, ARS, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. RP Vonnahme, KA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Kim.Vonnahme@ndsu.edu RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 FU National Research Initiative [2005-35206-15281]; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research and Education [06-14] FX This project was partially supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grants no. 2005-35206-15281 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service to JSC, DAR, and KAV and by North Dakota State Board of Agricultural Research and Education #06-14 to CJH. NR 40 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 6 U2 24 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2415 EP 2423 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-0996 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500036 PM 18441080 ER PT J AU Phillips, WA Horn, GW AF Phillips, W. A. Horn, G. W. TI Intake and digestion of wheat forage by stocker calves and lambs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adaptation; digestion; intake; stocker; wheat pasture ID VISCERAL ORGAN MASS; CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS; FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; WEIGHT GAINS; PASTURE; STEERS; CATTLE; SUPPLEMENTATION; DIGESTIBILITY AB Because wheat forage contains high concentrations of N, NPN, digestible DM, and water, beef cattle and sheep require an adaptation period before positive BW are seen. The objective of the present experiment was to determine the impact of length of exposure of lambs and steers to wheat forage on BW gains, N retention, and forage digestibility. Sixteen steer calves (average BW = 210 +/- 12 kg) and 20 wether lambs (average BW = 31.5 +/- 2.0 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. Group 1 grazed a wheat pasture for 120 d during the winter, whereas group 2 was wintered on dormant warm-season grass pastures plus warm-season grass hay and plant-based protein supplements. In the spring (April 5), all lambs and steers grazed wheat pasture for 14 d and were then housed in metabolism stalls and fed freshly harvested wheat forage to determine forage digestibility and N metabolism. Data were analyzed for lambs and steers separately as a completely randomized design, using the individual animal as the experimental unit. Lambs and steers grazing wheat pasture for the first time in the spring had less ADG during the first 14 d than lambs (80 vs. 270 g, respectively; P = 0.01) and steers (1.06 vs. 1.83 kg, respectively; P = 0.09) that had grazed wheat pastures all winter. Digestibility of DM, NDF, and ADF fractions and N metabolism of freshly harvested wheat forage by lambs and steers were not different (P > 0.10) between the 2 treatment groups. Less ADG during the first 14 d of wheat pasture grazing is most likely the result of less DMI by nonadapted animals and is not due to diet digestibility or N metabolism. C1 [Phillips, W. A.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Horn, G. W.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Phillips, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM Bill.Phillips@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2424 EP 2429 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-0938 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500037 PM 18441083 ER PT J AU Lippolis, JD Reinhardt, TA AF Lippolis, J. D. Reinhardt, T. A. TI Centennial paper: Proteomics in animal science SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mass spectrometry; proteomics; protein expression ID SPECTROMETRY-BASED PROTEOMICS; 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; GLOBULE-MEMBRANE PROTEOME; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BOVINE NEUTROPHILS; DAIRY BULLS; PROTEINS AB Proteomics holds significant promise as a method for advancing animal science research. The use of this technology in animal science is still in its infancy. The ability of proteomics to simultaneously identify and quantify potentially thousands of proteins is unparalleled. In this review, we will discuss basic principles of doing a proteomic experiment. In addition, challenges and limitations of proteomics will be considered, stressing those that are unique to animal sciences. The current proteomic research in animal sciences will be discussed, and the potential uses for this technology will be highlighted. C1 [Lippolis, J. D.; Reinhardt, T. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Lippolis, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.lippolis@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 59 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 86 IS 9 BP 2430 EP 2441 DI 10.2527/jas.2008-0921 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 343KF UT WOS:000258851500038 PM 18539833 ER PT J AU Lelito, JP Fraser, I Mastro, VC Tumlinson, JH Baker, TC AF Lelito, J. P. Fraser, I. Mastro, V. C. Tumlinson, J. H. Baker, T. C. TI Novel visual-cue-based sticky traps for monitoring of emerald ash borers, Agrilus planipennis (Col., Buprestidae) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fraxinus; insect vision; invasive insect ID COLEOPTERA; FEMALES AB We examined various methods of trapping emerald ash borers (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, using solely visual cues based on previous work that has documented the importance of visual cues in EAB mate location. Here, we give the results of two of these methods, coloured sticky cards (yellow or blue), or live ash leaves covered with spray-on adhesive to which dead male EAB visual lures had been pinned. Feral male beetles were captured effectively on the sticky traps made from dead male EAB on ash leaves. These sticky-leaf-traps captured more male EAB when deployed in high-population density areas than low-density areas, but did capture EAB even at lower population densities. More feral males were captured on these traps when they were placed higher in the trees, regardless of the population density of EAB. Very few feral female EAB were captured using the sticky-leaf-traps. This novel method of EAB trapping may allow 'real-time' population detection and monitoring of EAB adults during the active flight period rather than locating larval galleries during the autumn and winter after adult flight and attack. Feral male beetles were also captured using standard yellow- or blue-coloured sticky cards to which male EAB had been affixed with adhesive; however, this type of trap was much less effective overall than using the sticky-leaf-traps. Furthermore, Agrilus cyanescens, a species similar in colour to EAB but smaller in size, showed a strong response to blue-coloured sticky traps to which dead male EAB had been affixed with adhesive, suggesting a general use of visual cues in the mating systems of some of the other Buprestidae as well. C1 [Lelito, J. P.; Tumlinson, J. H.; Baker, T. C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Chem Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fraser, I.; Mastro, V. C.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Brighton, MI USA. RP Lelito, JP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Chem Ecol, 104 Chem Ecol Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jpl207@psu.edu RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 NR 26 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 132 IS 8 BP 668 EP 674 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2008.01308.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 336JJ UT WOS:000258359800010 ER PT J AU Miles, DM Owens, PR Moore, PA Rowe, DE AF Miles, D. M. Owens, P. R. Moore, P. A., Jr. Rowe, D. E. TI Instrumentation for evaluating differences in ammonia volatilization from broiler litter and cake SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ammonia; broiler; cake; litter; method ID CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS; POULTRY LITTER AB Greater understanding of the mechanisms affecting NH3 volatilization from reused broiler bedding is needed to determine path-ways for mitigating NH3 emissions. A chamber acid trap (CAT) system was developed to provide an improved laboratory method for determining NH3 volatilization from litter or cake samples and for assessing treatment technologies to decrease NH3 losses from Poultry litter. The CAT system offers precision control of air flow rate through sample chambers as well as straightforward, precise determination of the amount of N volatilized. This article outlines the basic Setup of the CAT system. The system can be utilized and modified for researching specific mechanisms involving physical. chemical, or biological treatments affecting NH3 volatilization from litter or cake. C1 [Miles, D. M.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Owens, P. R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Moore, P. A., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, USDA ARS, Ctr Excellence Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Rowe, D. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Miles, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, 810 Hwy 12 E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dana.miles@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD FAL PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.3382/japr.2007-00112 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 348SP UT WOS:000259230700003 ER PT J AU Miles, DM AF Miles, D. M. TI Vertical stratification of ammonia in a broiler house SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ammonia; broiler; litter; house management ID POULTRY HOUSES; EMISSIONS AB The broiler industry is not immune to the problematic nature of NH3 production ill animal rearing facilities. Though the headlines of today focus oil environmental impact considerations, the detrimental effects of the house air quality oil fanners and birds remain considerable for industry viability. This research investigated the vertical stratification of in-house NH3 combined with sampling position down the center of the house and with different NH3 analysis technologies.. The results indicated that reuse of litter and house ventilation correlate to trends in NH3 concentration at particular Measurement heights. When tunnel ventilation was primary, NH3 concentrations decreased vertically with increasing distance from the litter surface. However, with lower outside temperatures, little ventilation, and a stagnant house atmosphere, no concentration gradient was evident. The work also demonstrated significant variability among professionally calibrated instruments and traditionally used pull tubes. Characterization of interior air quality of broiler houses should consider sampling height to effectively address bird exposure. C1 USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Miles, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, 10 Hwy 12 E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dana.miles@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD FAL PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 348 EP 353 DI 10.3382/japr.2007-00113 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 348SP UT WOS:000259230700004 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Bailey, JS Altekruse, SF Shaw, WK AF Berrang, M. E. Bailey, J. S. Altekruse, S. F. Shaw, W. K., Jr. TI Presence and numbers of Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella determined in broiler carcass rinses from United States processing plants in the hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler processing; Campylobacter; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project; inspection ID CHICKEN; JEJUNI; LEVEL AB In 1999, the USDA-Food Safety and Inspection Service introduced an inspection system called the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point-Based Inspection Models Project (H IMP). The HIMP varies from standard inspection in that the emphasis of Food Safety and Inspection Service inspection program personnel is shifted. Each carcass is still visually inspected according to the Poultry Products Inspection Act, but some responsibility for food safety and identification and removal of defects is shifted from the regulatory agency to the processor, freeing Lip inspectors to more effectively verify the process and food safety system of the establishment. This survey was conducted in 2 stages: first to examine carcasses collected in HIMP and non-HIMP plants and then to test carcasses from all 20 volunteer plants Currently operating under HIMP inspection. Carcasses were collected at rehang and postchill being careful to follow the same flock through processing. Postchill carcasses from HIMP plants were found to have equal bacterial contamination (numbers of Campylobacter and Escherichia coli and presence of Salmonella) as carcasses from standard HACCP plants. Overall, HIMP inspection, which places additional responsibility on the plant for process control. does not affect the microbiological quality of fully processed broiler carcasses. C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Bailey, J. S.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Altekruse, S. F.; Shaw, W. K., Jr.] USDA Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD FAL PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.3382/japr.2008-00024 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 348SP UT WOS:000259230700005 ER PT J AU Bateman, HL Harner, MJ Chung-MacCoubrey, A AF Bateman, H. L. Harner, M. J. Chung-MacCoubrey, A. TI Abundance and reproduction of toads (Bufo) along a regulated river in the southwestern United States: Importance of flooding in riparian ecosystems SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE amphibian; groundwater; managed flooding; Middle Rio Grande; New Mexico (USA); off-channel aquatic habitat ID MIDDLE RIO-GRANDE; NEW-MEXICO; FLOODPLAIN; CONNECTIVITY; RESTORATION; PERSPECTIVE; ARTHROPODS; DIVERSITY; HABITAT; FOREST AB Abundance and size of toads (Bufo woodhousii and B. cognatus) were related to precipitation, river flow, and groundwater over 7 years along the Middle Rio Grande, a regulated river in the semi-arid southwestern United States. Toads were monitored in riparian areas at 12 sites spanning 140 km of river during summers 2000-2006. Regional precipitation varied between years, with occurrence of both drought and record high precipitation. Abundance of toads was low during most of the study (mean = 11 captures/ month/site). However, two sites flooded in spring 2005, resulting in a dramatic increase in captures at those sites (mean = 214 captures/month/site). Most individuals captured in 2005 were small (median body mass 0.6g), suggesting that toads used the floodplain for breeding during the flood. Only river flows that exceeded 100 m(3)/s brought groundwater close enough to the surface to create pools used by toads for reproduction and development. Such flows were once common along the Middle Rio Grande but are rare following regulation. Our results demonstrate that small, managed floods can positively affect abundance of toads by providing off-channel, aquatic habitats along regulated rivers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chung-MacCoubrey, A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. [Bateman, H. L.; Harner, M. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87112 USA. RP Bateman, HL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM heather.bateman@gmail.com; harner.mary@gmail.com NR 34 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 9 BP 1613 EP 1619 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.03.009 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 329HU UT WOS:000257858700008 ER PT J AU McLain, JET Martens, DA McClaran, MP AF McLain, J. E. T. Martens, D. A. McClaran, M. P. TI Soil cycling of trace gases in response to mesquite management in a semiarid grassland SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE CH(4); CO(2); GRACEnet; monsoon; N(2)O; precipitation ID SONORAN DESERT ECOSYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PROSOPIS-GLANDULOSA; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; NITROUS-OXIDE; FLUXES; RESPIRATION; EMISSIONS; CONSUMPTION AB Over the last century, proliferation of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina) in Southwestern grasslands has led to mesquite removal to increase livestock forage, but the effects of mesquite on the fluxes of C- and N-based gases are not well understood. We report soil surface fluxes and porespace concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO(2)), nitrous oxide (N(2)O), and methane (CH(4)) over two monsoon seasons beneath mesquite canopy (LIVE), in open grassland (OPEN), and under a mesquite skeleton (DEAD) in Southeastern Arizona. In 2003, CO(2) production was not different among sites, but on three 2004 measurement dates, COZ production was greatest from LIVE. In both years, N(2)O production was highest in LIVE in early monsoon, while CH(4) production dominated in OPEN and DEAD sites. CH(4) consumption increased in all sites as the summer progressed, resulting in net monsoon CH(4) fluxes near zero. Over both years, temperature and precipitation accounted for significant variability in CO(2) flux and precipitation correlated with N(2)O production. Soil moisture accounted for significant variability in CH(4) flux in 2003. Observed variations in trace gas dynamics suggest that several years of measurements would be required to accurately predict mesquite management effects on trace gas flux in Southwestern rangelands. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McLain, J. E. T.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Martens, D. A.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [McClaran, M. P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP McLain, JET (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM jean.mclain@ars.usda.gov; mcclaran@email.arizona.edu NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 9 BP 1654 EP 1665 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.03.003 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 329HU UT WOS:000257858700013 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Biswas, A Cotta, MA AF Saha, Badal C. Biswas, Atanu Cotta, Michael A. TI Microwave Pretreatment, Enzymatic Saccharification and Fermentation of Wheat Straw to Ethanol SO JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Wheat Straw; Ethanol; Microwave Pretreatment; Enzymatic Saccharification; Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation; Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation ID DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; RICE STRAW; LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTES; HYDROLYSIS; IRRADIATION; ENHANCEMENT; LIGNINS; XYLOSE; HULLS AB Wheat straw used in this study contained 38.8 +/- 0.5% cellulose and 31.0 +/- 0.3% hemicellulose. The effects of temperature (160-240 degrees C, 5 min) and duration (5-20 min at 200 degrees C) of microwave pretreatment of wheat straw (8.6%, w/v, in water) on its enzymatic saccharification to fermentable sugars were evaluated. The yield of monomeric sugars from microwave (200 degrees C, 10 min) pretreated wheat straw (8.6%, w/v, in water) after enzymatic saccharification (45 degrees C, pH 5.0, 120 h) using a cocktail of 3 commercial enzyme preparations (cellulase, beta-glucosidase, and hemicellulase) at the dose level of 0.15 ml of each enzyme preparation per g wheat straw was 544 7 mg/g straw (glucose, 320 +/- 14 mg; xylose, 189 +/- 7 mg; arabinose, 21 +/- 1 mg; galactose, 10 +/- 0 mg; 70% yield). In addition, the hydrolyzate contained 2.9 +/- 1.6 mg furfural, 0.3 +/- 0.0 mg hydroxymethyl furfural, and 60 +/- 8 mg acetic acid per g of straw. The maximum release of sugars (651 7 mg/g straw, 84% yield) from wheat straw after enzymatic hydrolysis was obtained by microwave pretreatment in dilute acid (0.5% H2SO4, w/v) at 160 degrees C for 10 min. Microwave pretreatment of wheat straw with lime (0.1 g/g straw) at 160 degrees C for 10 min released 604:E 30 mg total sugars/g straw (78% yield) after enzymatic hydrolysis. The concentration of ethanol from microwave pretreated (200 degrees C, 10 min, in water) and enzyme saccharified (45 degrees C, pH 5.0, 120 h) wheat straw (78 g/liter) hydrolyzate after overliming by recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR5 at pH 6.5 and 35 degrees C in 40 h was 16.8 0.1 g/liter with a yield of 0.49 g/g available sugars (0.22 g/g straw). The ethanol concentration was 16.7 +/- 1.5 g/liter with a yield of 0.21 g/g straw in the case of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of microwave pretreated (200 degrees C, 10 min, in water) wheat straw (78 g/liter) after overliming by the E coli strain at pH 6.0 and 35 degrees C in 69 h. C1 [Saha, Badal C.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Biswas, Atanu] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Saha, BC (reprint author), ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Badal.Saha@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1556-6560 J9 J BIOBASED MATER BIO JI J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 210 EP 217 DI 10.1166/jbmb.2008.412 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 373HZ UT WOS:000260964000003 ER PT J AU Medeiros, ES Mattoso, LHC Ito, EN Gregorski, KS Robertson, GH Offeman, RD Wood, DF Orts, WJ Imam, SH AF Medeiros, Eliton S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Ito, Edson N. Gregorski, Kay S. Robertson, George H. Offeman, Richard D. Wood, Delilah F. Orts, William J. Imam, Syed H. TI Electrospun Nanofibers of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Reinforced with Cellulose Nanofibrils SO JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Electrospinning; Cellulose Nanofibrils; Poly(vinyl alcohol); Nanofibers ID MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; SULFATE GROUPS; FIBERS; NANOCRYSTALS; MICROFIBRILS; BIOPOLYMER; SCAFFOLDS; BEHAVIOR AB In this work, nanofibers of poly(vinyl alcohol) reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils were produced by electrospinning. The effects of applied voltage, polymer concentration and injection rate, tip-to-collector distance, rotation speed of the collector, and relative humidity on morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The reinforcing capability of cellulose nanofibrils was investigated by tensile tests. Thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance analyses were also carried out in order to characterize the presence, orientation and reinforcing effect of the cellulose nanofibrils. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that fiber structure is strongly affected by the electrospinning conditions. Thinner fibers are favored by decreasing viscosity, polymer injection rate, high rotation speed and high relative humidity. Whereas increasing the applied voltage favors the formation of beaded fibers. The reinforced composites had a 2.4-fold increase in their mechanical properties by addition of only 6.6 wt% of cellulose nanofibrils without major changes in elongation at break. C1 [Medeiros, Eliton S.; Gregorski, Kay S.; Robertson, George H.; Offeman, Richard D.; Wood, Delilah F.; Orts, William J.; Imam, Syed H.] Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Medeiros, Eliton S.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.; Ito, Edson N.] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, Lab Nacl Nanotecnol Aplicada Agronegocio, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Imam, SH (reprint author), Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM simain@pw.usda.gov RI Medeiros, Eliton/C-5768-2013; Nanotecnologias, Inct/I-2407-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU CNPq; FINEP; EMBRAPA-LABEX program (Brazil) FX The authors would like to thank Tina Williams for SEM analyses and Gregory M. Gray for his many valuable suggestions on the electrospinning setup. Luiz H. C. Mattoso gratefully acknowledges CNPq, FINEP and the EMBRAPA-LABEX program (Brazil) for his financial support. NR 58 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1556-6560 J9 J BIOBASED MATER BIO JI J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 231 EP 242 DI 10.1166/jbmb.2009.411 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 373HZ UT WOS:000260964000006 ER PT J AU Hoberg, EP Brooks, DR AF Hoberg, Eric P. Brooks, Daniel R. TI A macroevolutionary mosaic: episodic host-switching, geographical colonization and diversification in complex host-parasite systems SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE ecological fitting; episodic host-switching; geographical colonization; historical biogeography; hosts; oscillation hypothesis; parasite diversification; parasites; taxon pulse hypothesis ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; COLLARED LEMMINGS DICROSTONYX; PARANOPLOCEPHALA SPP. CESTODA; CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; A-POSTERIORI METHODS; QUATERNARY ICE-AGES; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MASS EXTINCTION; TETRABOTHRIIDAE EUCESTODA AB Aim To integrate ecological fitting, the oscillation hypothesis and the taxon pulse hypothesis into a coherent null model for the evolution of complex host-parasite associations. Location Global. Methods This paper reviews and synthesizes literature that focuses on phylogenetic analyses and reciprocal mapping of a model system of hosts and their parasites to determine patterns of host-parasite associations and geographical distributions through time. Results Host-switching and geographical dispersal of parasites are common phenomena, occurring on many temporal and spatial scales. Diversification involving both co-evolution and colonization explains complex host-parasite associations. Across the expanse of Earth history, the major radiations in host-parasite assemblages have been preceded by ecological disruption, ecological breakdown and host-switching in a context that can be defined by the concept of ecological fitting. This cyclical process sets the stage for co-diversification during periods of relative stability, punctuated by host-switching during episodes of regional to global environmental disruption and climatological change. Main conclusions Most observed host-parasite associations can be explained by an historical interaction between ecological fitting, oscillation (episodes of increasing host range alternating with isolation on particular hosts) and taxon pulses (cyclical episodes of expansion and isolation in geographical range). Major episodes of environmental change appear to be the main drivers for both the persistence and diversification of host-parasite systems, creating opportunities for host-switching during periods of geographical expansion and allowing for co-evolution and co-speciation during periods of geographical isolation. C1 [Hoberg, Eric P.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, US Natl Parasite Collect, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Brooks, Daniel R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Zool, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Hoberg, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, US Natl Parasite Collect, BARC E 1180,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eric.hoberg@ars.usda.gov NR 166 TC 127 Z9 130 U1 11 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0305-0270 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1533 EP 1550 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01951.x PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 336IM UT WOS:000258357500001 ER PT J AU Lan, YB Zheng, XZ Westbrook, JK Lopez, J Lacey, R Hoffmann, WC AF Lan, Yu-bin Zheng, Xian-zhe Westbrook, John K. Lopez, Juan Lacey, Ron Hoffmann, W. Clint TI Identification of Stink Bugs Using an Electronic Nose SO JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Bionic Engineering (ICBE 2008) CY OCT 10-12, 2008 CL Changchun, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Natl Nat Sci Fdn, Minist Educ, Jilin Univ DE electronic nose; detection; stink bugs; gender; species ID GRAINS AB Stink hugs are recognized as pests of several economically important crops, including cotton. soybean and a variety of tree fruits. The Cyranose 320 was used for the classified investigation of stink bug. Stink bugs including males and females of the southern green stink bugs. viridula, were collected from crop fields around College Station. TX. Results show that the released chemicals and chemical intensity are both critical factors. which determine the rate that the Cyranose 320 correctly identified the stink bugs. The Cyranose 320 shows significant potential in indentifying stink bugs, and can classify stink bug samples by species and gender. C1 [Lan, Yu-bin; Westbrook, John K.; Lopez, Juan; Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Zheng, Xian-zhe] NE Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Lacey, Ron] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Lan, YB (reprint author), USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6529 J9 J BIONIC ENG JI J. Bionic Eng. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 5 SU S BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/S1672-6529(08)60090-6 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 361GJ UT WOS:000260115200028 ER PT J AU Lan, YB Wang, SZ Yin, YG Hoffmann, WC Zheng, XZ AF Lan, Yu-bin Wang, Shii-zhou Yin, Yong-guang Hoffmann, W. Clint Zheng, Xian-zhe TI Using a Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium in Chicken Carcass SO JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biosensor; Salmonella Typhimurium; food safety; chicken carcass; detection limitation; Surface Plasmon Resonance AB Chicken is one of the most popular meat products in the world. Salmonella Typhimurium is a common foodborne pathogens associated with the processing of poultry. An optical Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor was sensitive to the presence of Salmonella Typhimurium in chicken carcass. The Spreeta biosensor kits were used to detect Salmonella Typhimurium on chicken carcass successfully. A taste sensor like electronic tongue or biosensors was used to basically "taste" the object and differentiated one object from the other with different taste sensor signatures. The surface plasmon resonance biosensor has potential for use in rapid, real-time detection and identification of bacteria, and to study the interaction of organisms with different antisera or other molecular species. The selectivity of the SPR biosensor was assayed using a series of antibody concentrations and dilution series of the organism. The SPR biosensor showed promising to detect the existence of Salmonella Typhimurium at 1 x 10(6) CFU/ml. Initial results show that the SPR biosensor has the potential for its application in pathogenic bacteria monitoring. However, more tests need to be done to confirm the detection limitation. C1 [Lan, Yu-bin; Hoffmann, W. Clint] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wang, Shii-zhou] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Yin, Yong-guang] Jilin Univ, Coll Biol & Agr Engn, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Xian-zhe] NE Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. RP Lan, YB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 31 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 34 PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6529 J9 J BIONIC ENG JI J. Bionic Eng. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/S1672-6529(08)60030-X PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 359GJ UT WOS:000259974100009 ER PT J AU Shi, ZB Yu, T Zhao, Q Li, Y Lan, YB AF Shi, Zhi-biao Yu, Tao Zhao, Qun Li, Yang Lan, Yu-bin TI Comparison of Algorithms for an Electronic Nose in Identifying Liquors SO JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electronic nose; liquor; algorithm; principal component analysis ID MODEL AB When the electronic nose is used to identify different varieties of distilled liquors, the pattern recognition algorithm is chosen on the basis of the experience, which lacks the guiding principle. In this research, the different brands of distilled spirits were identified using the pattern recognition algorithms (principal component analysis and the artificial neural network). The recognition rates of different algorithms were compared. The recognition rate of the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is the highest. Owing to the slow convergence speed of the BPNN, it tends easily to get into a local minimum. A chaotic BPNN was tried in order to overcome the disadvantage of the BPNN, The convergence speed of the chaotic BPNN is 75.5 times faster than that of the BPNN. C1 [Shi, Zhi-biao; Zhao, Qun] NE Dianli Univ, Sch Energy Resources & Mech Engn, Jilin 132012, Peoples R China. [Yu, Tao] NE Dianli Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Jilin 132012, Peoples R China. [Li, Yang] NE Dianli Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Jilin 132012, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yu-bin] ARS, USDA, SPARC, APMRU, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Shi, ZB (reprint author), NE Dianli Univ, Sch Energy Resources & Mech Engn, Jilin 132012, Peoples R China. EM zhibiao.shi@gmail.com FU Science and Technology Plan Projects, Department of Education of Jilin Province, P R China [2006026] FX This work was supported by the Science and Technology Plan Projects, Department of Education of Jilin Province, P R China (Grant no. 2006026). NR 10 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6529 J9 J BIONIC ENG JI J. Bionic Eng. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 253 EP 257 DI 10.1016/S1672-6529(08)60032-3 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 359GJ UT WOS:000259974100011 ER PT J AU Ackert-Bicknell, CL Demissie, S de Evsikova, CM Hsu, YH DeMambro, VE Karasik, D Cupples, LA Ordovas, JM Tucker, KL Cho, K Canalis, E Paigen, B Churchill, GA Forejt, J Beamer, WG Ferrari, S Bouxsein, ML Kiel, DP Rosen, CJ AF Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L. Demissie, Serkalem de Evsikova, Caralina Marin Hsu, Yi-Hsiang DeMambro, Victoria E. Karasik, David Cupples, L. Adrienne Ordovas, Jose M. Tucker, Katherine L. Cho, Kelly Canalis, Ernesto Paigen, Beverly Churchill, Gary A. Forejt, Jiri Beamer, Wesley G. Ferrari, Serge Bouxsein, Mary L. Kiel, Douglas P. Rosen, Clifford J. TI PPARG by dietary fat interaction influences bone mass in mice and humans SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE skeletal genetics; animal models; candidate gene; environmental interaction; human population ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; RECEPTOR-GAMMA GENE; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; MINERAL DENSITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; OSTEOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION; FRAMINGHAM OSTEOPOROSIS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; INBRED STRAINS; CONGENIC MICE AB Adult BMD, an important risk factor for fracture, is the result of genetic and environmental interactions. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for the phenotype of volumetric BMD (vBMD), named Bmd8, was found on mid-distal chromosome (Chr) 6 in mice. This region is homologous to human Chr 3p25. The B6.C3H-6T (6T) congenic mouse was previously created to study this QTL. Using block haplotyping of the 6T congenic region, expression analysis in the mouse, and examination of nonsynonymous SNPs, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (Pparg) was determined to be the most likely candidate gene for the Bmd8 QTL of the 630 genes located in the congenic region. Furthermore, in the C3H/HeJ (C3H) strain, which is the donor strain for the 6T congenic, several polymorphisms were found in the Pparg gene. On challenge with a high-fat diet. we found that the 6T mouse ha a lower areal BMD (aBMD) and volume fraction of trabecular bone (BV/TV%) of the distal femur compared with 136 mice. Interactions between SNPs in the PPARG gene and dietary fat for the phenotype of BMD were examined in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. This analysis showed that there was a similar interaction of the PPARG gene and diet (fat intake) on aBMD in both men and women. These findings suggest that dietary fat has a significant influence on BMD that is dependent oil the alleles present for the PPARG gene. C1 [Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L.; de Evsikova, Caralina Marin; DeMambro, Victoria E.; Paigen, Beverly; Churchill, Gary A.; Beamer, Wesley G.; Rosen, Clifford J.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Demissie, Serkalem; Cupples, L. Adrienne; Cho, Kelly] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Hsu, Yi-Hsiang] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Populat Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Karasik, David; Kiel, Douglas P.] Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA. [Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Karasik, David; Bouxsein, Mary L.; Kiel, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Canalis, Ernesto] St Francis Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Res, Hartford, CT 06105 USA. [Canalis, Ernesto] Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Farmington, CT USA. [Forejt, Jiri] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Mol Genet, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ferrari, Serge] Univ Hosp Geneva, WHO, Ctr Osteoporosis Prevent, Dept Rehabil & Geriatr,Serv Bone Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bouxsein, Mary L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Orthoped Biomech Lab, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Rosen, CJ (reprint author), Jackson Lab, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. EM rofe@aol.com RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Forejt, Jiri/G-7719-2012; Marin de Evsikova, Caralina/G-8189-2012; OI Karasik, David/0000-0002-8826-0530; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680; Forejt, Jiri/0000-0002-2793-3623; Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310; Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU NIH [AR43433, AR054604, AG030910-01, AR/AG41398, AR050066, DK042424, DK045227, DK073267, HL54776, 53-K06-5-10]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study [N01-HC-25195]; Program in Genomic Applications [U01 HL 66582]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service [58-1950-9-001] FX The authors thank Jesse Hammer for assistance in the preparation of this manuscript, This work was funded by the following: NIH Grants AR43433, AR054604, AG030910-01, AR/AG41398, AR050066, DK042424, DK045227, DK073267, and HL54776 and National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (Contract N01-HC-25195). Genotyping in the Framingham Study was supported by the Program in Genomic Applications (CardioGenomics Project U01 HL 66582). In addition, this study was supported by the following contracts: 53-K06-5-10 from NIH and 58-1950-9-001 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service. NR 56 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1398 EP 1408 DI 10.1359/JBMR.080419 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 340TX UT WOS:000258669000006 PM 18707223 ER PT J AU Cao, JJ Gregoire, BR Gao, H AF Cao, J. J. Gregoire, B. R. Gao, H. TI Obesity Induced by High Dietary Fat Leads to Increased Bone Resorption Marker, TRAP, and Decreased Bone Mass in Mice. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Cao, J. J.; Gregoire, B. R.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Gao, H.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S432 EP S432 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411002375 ER PT J AU Ceglia, L Harris, SS Abrams, SA Rasmussen, HM Dallal, G Dawson-Hueghes, B AF Ceglia, L. Harris, S. S. Abrams, S. A. Rasmussen, H. M. Dallal, G. Dawson-Hueghes, B. TI Impact of Dietary Protein on Calcium Homeostasis and Nitrogen Excretion in the Presence and Absence of Potassium Bicarbonate. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Ceglia, L.; Harris, S. S.; Rasmussen, H. M.; Dallal, G.; Dawson-Hueghes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Abrams, S. A.] USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S318 EP S318 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411001568 ER PT J AU Farina, E Kiel, DP Roubenoff, R Schaefer, FJ Cupples, LA Tucker, KL AF Farina, E. Kiel, D. P. Roubenoff, R. Schaefer, F. J. Cupples, L. A. Tucker, K. L. TI Essential Fatty Acid and Fish Intake Is Associated with Higher BMD in Elderly Women and Men: The Framingham Study SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Farina, E.; Schaefer, F. J.; Tucker, K. L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kiel, D. P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA. [Roubenoff, R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Nutr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Roubenoff, R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cupples, L. A.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S114 EP S115 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411000412 ER PT J AU Forster, MA Masilamani, S Reinhardt, TA Beckman, MJ AF Forster, M. A. Masilamani, S. Reinhardt, T. A. Beckman, M. J. TI Metabolic Alkalosis Transition in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells Facilitates an increase in CYP27B1, While Blunting Responsiveness to PTH. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Forster, M. A.; Masilamani, S.; Beckman, M. J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Reinhardt, T. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S422 EP S422 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411002333 ER PT J AU Henschkowski, J Dawson-Hughes, B Staehelin, HB Stuck, AE Orav, JE Egli, A Bischoff-Ferrari, HA AF Henschkowski, J. Dawson-Hughes, B. Staehelin, H. B. Stuck, A. E. Orav, J. E. Egli, A. Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A. TI Anti-fall Efficacy of Oral Supplemental Vitamin D and Active Vitamin D. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Henschkowski, J.; Egli, A.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Staehelin, H. B.] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [Stuck, A. E.] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Orav, J. E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S350 EP S350 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411002058 ER PT J AU Sahni, S Hannan, MT Gagnon, DR Blumberg, J Cupples, LA Kiel, DP Tucker, KL AF Sahni, S. Hannan, M. T. Gagnon, D. R. Blumberg, J. Cupples, L. A. Kiel, D. P. Tucker, K. L. TI Protective Effect of Total and Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on the Risk of Hip Fracture: A 17-Year Follow-Up from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Sahni, S.; Blumberg, J.; Tucker, K. L.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gagnon, D. R.; Cupples, L. A.] Boston Univ, SPH, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411000169 ER PT J AU Thacher, TD Obadofin, MO O'Brien, K Abrams, SA AF Thacher, T. D. Obadofin, M. O. O'Brien, K. Abrams, S. A. TI The Effect of Vitamin D-2 and Vitamin D-3 on Intestinal Calcium Absorption in Nigerian Children with Rickets SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research CY SEP 12-16, 2008 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res C1 [Thacher, T. D.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Obadofin, M. O.] Univ Jos, Teaching Hosp, Jos, Nigeria. [O'Brien, K.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Abrams, S. A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Thacher, Tom/B-3356-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 SU S BP S240 EP S240 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 351FX UT WOS:000259411001259 ER PT J AU Morris, CF Bhave, M AF Morris, Craig F. Bhave, Mrinal TI Reconciliation of D-genome puroindoline allele designations with current DNA sequence data SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE wheat; puroindolines; grain hardness; genes ID WHEAT-GRAIN HARDNESS; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; WINTER WHEATS; DIPLOID TAXA; GENES; TRITICUM; CULTIVARS; MUTATION; DIVERSITY AB Kernel texture is an important trait in cereals, especially wheat (Triticum spp.). Throughout the Triticeae, the puroindoline genes act to soften kernel endosperm. Absence or mutation of either or both of the two puroindolines, 'a' and 'b', in Triticum aestivum results in harder grain texture. Apparently only one puroindoline haplotype was contributed by the Aegilops tauschii variety that contributed the D-genome during allopolyploidization. Yet, world collections of Ae. tauschii exhibit a range of puroindoline sequence polymorphisms. Consequently, these genes, through synthetic hexaploids (x Aegilotriticum) can enrich the wheat gene pool. Lastly, the puroindolines represent a useful tool for phylogenetic analyses. Here we review original sequence data published and/or available in public databases to reconcile the known gene sequence polymorphisms with a systematic approach to the designating of puroindoline gene and allele symbols in T. aestivum, Ae. tauschii, and x Aegilotriticum. This system follows the recommendations adopted by the International Wheat Genetics Symposium and described in the Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat. Errors, discrepancies and ambiguities in the puroindolines are reviewed; a reconciliation of all existing data is outlined. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E 202, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bhave, Mrinal] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Life Sci & Social Sci, Environm & Biotechnol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E 202, POB 646394, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 37 TC 39 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.09.012 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100004 ER PT J AU Skoglund, M Peterson, DM Andersson, R Nilsson, J Dimberg, LH AF Skoglund, Maria Peterson, David M. Andersson, Roger Nilsson, Janicka Dimberg, Lena H. TI Avenanthramide content and related enzyme activities in oats as affected by steeping and germination SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avenanthramides; germination; hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA; hydroxyanthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HHT); oats; phenoloxidase ID HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-COA; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; CELL-WALL; PHYTOALEXINS AB Samples from three different oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars, Vista, Gem and Dane were steeped and germinated in a pilot plant malting system. The content of avenanthramides, antioxidant compounds unique to oats, and some unknown compounds as well as the activities of the avenanthramide-synthesising enzyme hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: hydroxyanthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HHT) and the avenanthramide-oxidizing enzyme phenoloxidase (PO) were measured. An increase in avenanthramide content of germinated seeds, as compared to raw grains, was observed for Dane (125%, p < 0.001) and for Vista (29%, p = 0.007). The HHT activity increased 62% (p = 0.014) in Dane, whereas no change was detected in Vista and Gem. The PO activity decreased slightly during the germination process for Gem (p < 0.001) and Vista (p = 0.005). Many of the unknown compounds increased significantly during germination in all three cultivars, and one of them was identified to be the avenanthramide N-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxy-(E)-cinnamoyl)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyanthranilicacid. This study indicates that a highly controlled steeping and germination process can be a valuable method to increase the content of endogenous avenanthramides in oats. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Skoglund, Maria; Andersson, Roger; Nilsson, Janicka; Dimberg, Lena H.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Peterson, David M.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Skoglund, M (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci, POB 7051, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. EM maria.skoglund@lmv.slu.se RI Andersson, Roger/L-7914-2015 OI Andersson, Roger/0000-0001-8763-832X FU Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA); Future Technologies for Food Production (LiFT) FX We thank Mr. Rolf Andersson for running NMR spectra and Dr. Jelena Jastrebova for the LC-MS analyses. Financial support for this project was provided by the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems (VINNOVA) and Future Technologies for Food Production (LiFT). NR 27 TC 15 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 294 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.09.010 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100006 ER PT J AU Fuerst, EP Xu, SS Beecher, B AF Fuerst, E. Patrick Xu, Steven S. Beecher, Brian TI Genetic characterization of kernel polyphenol oxidases in wheat and related species SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; T. durum; T. monococcum; T. dicoccoides; T. uratu; T. dicoccum; Aegilops speltoides; Ae. tauschii; chromosome substitution; noodle discoloration ID WHOLE-SEED ASSAY; COMMON WHEAT; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; DURUM-WHEAT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; NOODLE COLOR; BREAD WHEAT; PPO GENES; MARKERS AB Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity causes undesirable darkening of raw Asian noodles and other wheat products. In this study we investigate the genetic origins and diversity of wheat kernel PPO. PPO was characterized via activity assays, antigenic staining, and Southern blots in Triticum aestivum, Triticum dicoccoides, Triticum durum, Triticum dicoccum, Triticum monococcum, Triticum urartu, Aegilops speltoides, and Aegilops tauschii. Among these species, PPO activity was well-correlated with antigenic staining intensity toward a wheat kernel-type PPO antibody. High PPO activity was observed in all three T. monococcum accessions (A(m) genome), one Ae. spelloides accession, one T. durum accession, and two hexaploid wheat cultivars. Southern blots suggested the presence of two or more kernel-type PPO genes in diploid progenitors of the hexaploid A, B. and D genomes. Whole-kernel PPO activity was evaluated in disomic substitution lines derived from three T. dicoccoides accessions in the background of T. durum 'Langdon'. PPO activity was primarily associated with chromosome 2A and to a much lower degree with chromosome 2B. DNA sequence comparisons showed that the intron associated with the high PPO allele on chromosome 2AL of hexaploid wheat had 94% nucleotide identity with the homeologous intron found in T. monococcum, a species with high kernel PPO activity. This implies that the ancestral PPO allele on the A genome is one of the high activity, and the low PPO allele found in hexaploid wheat represents a relatively recent genetic alteration. Results confirm the presence of multiple kernel-type PPO genes in the diploid and tetraploid progenitors and relatives of hexaploid wheat. However, it is likely that relatively few of the many kernel-type PPO genes present in wheat contribute substantially to kernel PPO activity. A single genetic locus on homeologous group 2 chromosomes may be the primary cause of high PPO activity in wheat kernels. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fuerst, E. Patrick; Beecher, Brian] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Fuerst, E. Patrick] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Xu, Steven S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Beecher, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, E202 Food Qual Bldg, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM bbeecher@wsu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2002-35503-12670] FX Special thanks to James V. Anderson for providing the wheat PPO clone (BT009357), to Leonard Joppa for developing the substitution lines, and to Justin D. Faris for providing the original seed of 'Langdon' durum disomic substitution lines. This research was supported in part by U.S. Department of Agriculture NRI Grant Award 2002-35503-12670. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 359 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.10.003 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100012 ER PT J AU Huynh, BL Palmer, L Mather, DE Wallwork, H Graham, RD Welch, RM Stangoulis, JCR AF Huynh, Bao-Lam Palmer, Lachlan Mather, Diane E. Wallwork, Hugh Graham, Robin D. Welch, Ross M. Stangoulis, James C. R. TI Genotypic variation in wheat grain fructan content revealed by a simplified HPLC method SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cereal grains; fructans; HPLC; prebiotics; raffinose; wheat ID ANION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY; CEREAL FRUCTOSANS; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; CARBOHYDRATE; SUCROSE; INULIN; FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; OLIGOFRUCTOSE; ACCUMULATION AB Fructans are prebiotics, with potentially beneficial effects on human health. This study aimed to examine genetic variation in wheat grain fructan content using a simplified analytical method. The method involves extracting fructans from wheat grain followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to break down fructans into monosaccharides that can then be quantitatively measured by anion-exchange liquid chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection. The modified procedure is reliable and allows the handling of large numbers of flour samples at a low cost, and could therefore be useful for assessing large numbers of wheat breeding lines. Using this method, grain samples taken from 19 bread wheat cultivars and breeding lines grown in both glasshouse and the field were analysed for grain fructan content. In addition, grain samples of 29 international wheat landraces and 14 new wheat breeding lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) were surveyed for their fructan contents. There was significant genotypic variation among these materials, with grain fructan content ranging from 0.7 to 2.9% of grain dry weight. There was no evidence of strong genotype-by-environment interaction; the fructan contents of field-grown grain samples were positively correlated (r = 0.83) with those of glasshouse-grown samples of the same cultivars. It should therefore be possible to investigate the genetic control of variation for this trait using the simplified HPLC method and to select effectively for increased grain fructan content in wheat breeding. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huynh, Bao-Lam; Palmer, Lachlan; Mather, Diane E.; Graham, Robin D.; Stangoulis, James C. R.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Huynh, Bao-Lam; Mather, Diane E.; Wallwork, Hugh] Mol Plant Breeding Cooperat Res Ctr, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Wallwork, Hugh] S Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Welch, Ross M.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Huynh, Bao-Lam] SV Lebedev Synthet Rubber Res Inst, Breeding Div, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. RP Huynh, BL (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Waite Campus,PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. EM lam.huynh@adelaide.edu.au RI Mather, Diane/A-1857-2009 OI Mather, Diane/0000-0001-7506-2589 FU University of Adelaide FX Scholarship funding awarded to the first author by the University of Adelaide (International Postgraduate Research Scholarship), and the Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre is gratefully acknowledged. We thank the HarvestPlus Challenge Program and Waite Analytical Services for access to laboratory equipment, Mr. Jim Lewis (South Australian Research and Development Institute) and Dr. Eun-Young Choi for experimental assistance, Mr. Laurence Heller (Cornell University) and Mr. Lyndon Palmer (Waite Analytical Services) for technical advice and Dr. Yusuf Genc and Dr. Jeffrey Paull for providing seed samples. NR 41 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 369 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.10.004 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100013 ER PT J AU Gadaleta, A Giancaspro, A Blechl, AE Blanco, A AF Gadaleta, Agata Giancaspro, Angelica Blechl, Ann E. Blanco, Antonio TI A transgenic durum wheat line that is free of marker genes and expresses 1Dy10 SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE phosphomannose isomerase; marker genes; HMW glutenin subunits; minimal gene cassettes ID PHOSPHOMANNOSE ISOMERASE; SELECTABLE MARKER; PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; TRANSFORMATION; PLANTS; SEQUENCES; INTEGRATION; SELECTION; DNA AB As currently practiced, genetic engineering of monocots requires the use of selective agents, such as herbicides and antibiotics, and marker genes for resistance to favor the multiplication of the initially transformed cells. In the present paper we have used "minimal gene cassettes" and positive selection to generate transgenic durum wheat lines free of herbicide and antibiotic resistance marker genes. Two biolistic transformation experiments were carried out using three "minimal gene cassettes" consisting of linear DNA fragments each excised from the source plasmids. The targeted trait genes were two bread wheat sequences encoding the Dx5 and Dy10 high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits, which have been associated with superior bread-making quality and which arc absent from durum wheats. The positive selectable marker was the Escherichia coli phosphomannose isomerase (pmi) gene, whose product catalyzes the reversible interconversion of mannose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, allowing plant cells to utilize mannose as a carbon Source. PCR assays of genomic DNA from regenerated plants identified 15 T-o plants that contained the pmi marker gene for an overall transformation efficiency of 1.5%, which is similar to biolistic transformation efficiencies of durum wheat with intact circular plasmids. Line TC-52, which initially contained pmi, non-expressed ID,6, and expressed 1Dy10 HMW glutenin subunit transgenes, was further investigated. PCR was used to follow inheritance of the pmi marker gene and 1Dx5 from the T-1 to T-3 generations. Transgene expression was monitored by the chlorophenol-red assay for pmi and SDS-PAGE of seed proteins for 1Dy10. From these analyses, we observed that the 1Dy10, 1Dx5 and pmi transgenes were not linked, allowing us in the T-3 generation to identify 1Dy10 transgenic segregants that contained no marker or silent 1Dx5 transgenes. Homozygotes containing and expressing only the 1DY10 transgene were identified in the T-4 generation. These experiments show that it is possible to combine biolistic transformation by minimal gene cassettes with genetic segregation to make marker-free transgenic wheat plants with new traits. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gadaleta, Agata; Giancaspro, Angelica; Blanco, Antonio] Univ Bari, Dept Environm & Agroforestry Biol & Chem, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Blechl, Ann E.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Gadaleta, A (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dept Environm & Agroforestry Biol & Chem, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM agata.gadaleta@agr.uniba.it RI gadaleta, agata/H-2627-2012; OI BLANCO, ANTONIO/0000-0002-2222-1133 FU Universita degli Studi di Bari, Italy FX This research project was supported by grants from Universita degli Studi di Bari, Italy, project: Foridi Ateneo 2006. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.11.005 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100022 ER PT J AU Kepiro, JL McClung, AM Chen, MH Yeater, KM Fjellstrom, RG AF Kepiro, J. L. McClung, A. M. Chen, M. H. Yeater, K. M. Fjellstrom, R. G. TI Mapping QTLs for milling yield and grain characteristics in a tropical japonica long grain cross SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE brown rice; milled rice; head rice; milling yield; grain dimension; QTL ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; INBRED LINE POPULATION; AUGMENTED DESIGNS; QUALITY TRAITS; GENETIC-BASIS; MILLED RICE; IDENTIFICATION; GLABERRIMA; CULTIVARS AB Percent milling yield is an economically important trait of commercial rice because it largely determines the price that farmers receive for their crop. Analyzing 22 trait variables including milling yield, grain dimensions, chemistry and appearance, we identified 43 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in a long grain japonica by long grain japonica cross. We report one QTL explaining 20% of the variation in brown rice recovery; two QTLs explaining 14% and 13% of the variation in milled rice recovery; and one QTL explaining 14% of the variation in head rice (HR) recovery. QTLs for the proportion of pre-broken brown rice kernels, seed density, amylose content, and kernel whiteness and chalkiness were found in the same region as the HR QTL. QTLs explaining up to 54% of the variation in grain shape measurements were identified and mapped to areas independent from those identified for milling yield. Analyses of grain appearance traits identified two QTLs for chalk in brown rice and one in head rice, and a QTL explaining up to 33% of the variance in green kernel area. Our results confirm previous findings on the multigenically complex nature of milling yield. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kepiro, J. L.; McClung, A. M.; Chen, M. H.; Fjellstrom, R. G.] ARS, USDA, Rice Res Unit, Mol Breeding & Genet Program, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Yeater, K. M.] ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Kepiro, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rice Res Unit, Mol Breeding & Genet Program, 1509 Aggie Dr, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. EM joseph.kepiro@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.12.001 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100027 ER PT J AU Cleveland, TE Hussey, DS Chen, ZY Jacobson, DL Brown, RL Carter-Wientjes, C Cleveland, TE Arif, M AF Cleveland, T. E. Hussey, D. S. Chen, Z.-Y. Jacobson, D. L. Brown, R. L. Carter-Wientjes, C. Cleveland, T. E. Arif, M. TI The use of neutron tomography for the structural analysis of corn kernels SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE neutron radiography; tomography; corn structure; VA35; GT-MAS : gk; Aspergillus flavus ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; MAIZE KERNELS; AFLATOXIN; RADIOGRAPHY; RESISTANCE; WOOD; AGRICULTURE AB Neutron tomography was studied as a technique for non-destructively analyzing the internal structure of dried corn kernels. The study had two goals: first. to determine if the analysis could identify well-known anatomical features of the kernels; and second, to determine if it could distinguish between different types and treatments of kernels. Specifically, kernels which were infected vs. uninfected with the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus were analyzed. Two different varieties of corn were used: VA35 (susceptible to A. flavus infection) and GT-MAS:gk (resistant). It was found that many anatomical features of the kernels could be identified using neutron tomography, including the scutellum, encdosperm, aleurone, pericarp, pedicel, coleorhizae, radical, plumule, and coleoptile. Furthermore, differences were detected between susceptible kernels that had been inoculated and those that had not. Infected kernels were found to have lower neutron attenuation in the scutellum and embryo regions, possibly caused by lower hydrogen concentrations due to fungal degradation. No systematic structural differences were detected between resistant inoculated and resistant uninoculated kernels, as expected. This study indicated that neutron tomography could be a useful technique for the structural analysis of corn, and possibly other grains or small biological objects. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cleveland, T. E.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hussey, D. S.; Jacobson, D. L.; Arif, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Ionizing Radiat Div, Neutron Interact & Dosimetry Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Chen, Z.-Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70894 USA. [Brown, R. L.; Carter-Wientjes, C.; Cleveland, T. E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cleveland, TE (reprint author), Dept Biophys, 110 Jenkins Hall,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM thomas.cleveland@gmail.com OI Cleveland, Thomas/0000-0003-1992-8450 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 48 IS 2 BP 517 EP 525 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.12.003 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 350ST UT WOS:000259374100032 ER PT J AU Byers, JA AF Byers, John A. TI Active space of pheromone plume and its relationship to effective attraction radius in applied models SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE computer simulation model; integrated pest management; mass trapping; mating disruption; moth pheromones; pheromone plumes ID MECHANISMS MEDIATING DISRUPTION; MOTH SEXUAL COMMUNICATION; BEETLE IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS; ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH; PINE SHOOT BEETLES; COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; MATING DISRUPTION; FLIGHT BEHAVIOR; CHRYSOMELIDAE FLIGHT; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI AB The release rate of a semiochemical lure that attracts flying insects has a specific effective attraction radius (EAR) that corresponds to the lure's orientation response strength. EAR is defined as the radius of a passive sphere that intercepts the same number of insects as a semiochemical-baited trap. It is estimated by calculating the ratio of trap catches in the field in baited and unbaited traps and the interception area of the unbaited trap. EAR serves as a standardized method for comparing the attractive strengths of lures that is independent of population density. In two-dimensional encounter rate models that are used to describe insect mass trapping and mating disruption, a circular EAR (EAR(c)) describes a key parameter that affects catch or influence by pheromone in the models. However, the spherical EAR, as measured in the field, should be transformed to an EAR(c) for appropriate predictions in such models. The EAR(c) is calculated as (pi/2EAR(2))/F(L), where F(L) is the effective thickness of the flight layer where the insect searches. F(L) was estimated from catches of insects (42 species in the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Thysanoptera) on traps at various heights as reported in the literature. The EAR(c) was proposed further as a simple but equivalent alternative to simulations of highly complex active-space plumes with variable response surfaces that have proven exceedingly difficult to quantify in nature. This hypothesis was explored in simulations where flying insects, represented as coordinate points, moved about in a correlated random walk in an area that contained a pheromone plume, represented as a sector of active space composed of a capture probability surface of variable complexity. In this plume model, catch was monitored at a constant density of flying insects and then compared to simulations in which a circular EAR(c) was enlarged until an equivalent rate was caught. This demonstrated that there is a circular EAR(c), where all insects that enter are caught, which corresponds in catch effect to any plume. Thus, the EAR(c), based on the field-observed EAR, can be used in encounter rate models to develop effective control programs based on mass trapping and/or mating disruption. C1 USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM John.Byers@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 64 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1134 EP 1145 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9509-0 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 340WB UT WOS:000258674600003 PM 18584255 ER PT J AU de Groot, P Grant, GG Poland, TM Scharbach, R Buchan, L Nott, RW Macdonald, L Pitt, D AF de Groot, Peter Grant, Gary G. Poland, Therese M. Scharbach, Roger Buchan, Linda Nott, Reginald W. Macdonald, Linda Pitt, Doug TI Electrophysiological response and attraction of emerald ash borer to green leaf volatiles (GLVs) emitted by host foliage SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Buprestidae; Agrilus planipennis; bioassay; green leaf volatiles; (Z)-3-hexenol; emerald ash borer; GC-EAD; aeration extracts; Fraxinus spp.; leaf volatiles ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; MELOLONTHA-HIPPOCASTANI; PLANT VOLATILES; BUPRESTIDAE; BEETLE; COCKCHAFERS; LURE AB Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) function as host attractants, pheromone synergists, or sexual kairomones for a number of coleopteran folivores. Hence, we focused on host GLVs to determine if they were attractive to adults of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), which feeds on ash (Fraxinus) foliage. Eight GLVs were identified by chromatography-electroantennogram (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry in foliar headspace volatiles collected in traps containing Super-Q from white ash, Fraxinus americana, and green ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, trees. GLVs in the aeration extracts elicited antennal responses from both male and female adults in gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection bioassays. Male antennae were more responsive than female antennae and showed the strongest response to (Z)-3-hexenol. Six field experiments were conducted in Canada and the USA from 2004 to 2006 to evaluate the attractiveness of candidate GLVs, in various lure combinations and dosages. Field experiments demonstrated that lures containing (Z)-3-hexenol were the most effective in increasing trap catch when placed on purple traps in open areas or along the edges of woodlots containing ash. Lures with (Z)-3-hexenol were more attractive to males than females, and dosage may be a factor determining its effectiveness. C1 [de Groot, Peter; Grant, Gary G.; Scharbach, Roger; Buchan, Linda; Nott, Reginald W.; Macdonald, Linda; Pitt, Doug] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Poland, Therese M.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP de Groot, P (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St E, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM Pdegroot@NRCAN.gc.ca FU Canadian Forest Service; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program [NA-2003-02] FX We thank Gene Jones and Pat Roden for rearing beetles in quarantine for the GC-EAD study, and Dorothy Ambeault, Tim Dalseg, Laura Chouinard, Jordana Fera, Tasha Gauthier, Erin Clark, Tina Kuhn, and Toby Petrice for assistance with the field studies. We appreciate the assistance of Vic Mastro and Joseph Francese, USDA-APHIS, in providing the traps for our 2005 studies. Funding and support were provided by the Canadian Forest Service, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and the USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program (Project No. NA-2003-02). NR 41 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1170 EP 1179 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9514-3 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 340WB UT WOS:000258674600008 PM 18600378 ER PT J AU Cha, DH Nojima, S Hesler, SP Zhang, A Linn, CE Roelofs, WL Loeb, GM AF Cha, Dong H. Nojima, Satoshi Hesler, Stephen P. Zhang, Aijun Linn, Charles E., Jr. Roelofs, Wendell L. Loeb, Gregory M. TI Identification and field evaluation of grape shoot volatiles attractive to female grape berry moth (Paralobesia viteana) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flight tunnel; field test; synthetic blend; Paralobesia viteana; Vitis spp.; host volatiles; tortricidae ID FRUIT VOLATILES; CYDIA-POMONELLA; CODLING MOTH; OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOR; RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA; APPLE VOLATILES; LOBESIA-BOTRANA; LYGUS-HESPERUS; RUBBER SEPTA; HOST PLANTS AB Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) were used to identify volatile compounds from shoots of riverbank grape (Vitis riparia) that attract the female grape berry moth (GBM, Paralobesia viteana). Consistent EAD activity was obtained for 11 chemicals: (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, (E)-linalool oxide, (Z)-linalool oxide, nonanal, linalool, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, methyl salicylate, decanal, beta-caryophyllene, germacrene-D, and alpha-farnesene. In flight-tunnel tests that involved female GBM and rubber septa loaded with subsets of these 11 compounds, we found that both the 11-component blend and a seven-component blend, composed of (E)-linalool oxide, (Z)-linalool oxide, nonanal, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, decanal, beta-caryophyllene and germacrene-D, elicited equivalent levels of upwind flight as freshly cut grape shoots. The removal of any of the seven compounds from the seven-component blend resulted in a significant decrease in female upwind flight responses. In a field trial with these two synthetic blends, traps equipped with either blend captured more female GBM compared to traps baited with hexane only (control), although the number of females caught was generally low. There were no differences in the number of males captured among treatments. Although in flight-tunnel trials, moths readily flew upwind to both grape shoots and rubber septa loaded with the best lures, they landed on shoots but not on rubber septa. Coupled with relatively low field catches, this suggests that additional host finding cues need to be identified to improve trap efficacy. C1 [Cha, Dong H.; Nojima, Satoshi; Hesler, Stephen P.; Linn, Charles E., Jr.; Roelofs, Wendell L.; Loeb, Gregory M.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS PSI, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Loeb, GM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM gme1@cornell.edu RI Cha, Dong/A-3977-2013 NR 48 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1180 EP 1189 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9517-0 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 340WB UT WOS:000258674600009 PM 18649104 ER PT J AU Williams, L Rodriguez-Saona, C Castle, SC Zhu, S AF Williams, Livy, III Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar Castle, Sandra C. Zhu, Su TI EAG-active herbivore-induced plant volatiles modify behavioral responses and host attack by an egg parasitoid SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electroantennography; olfactometer; herbivore-induced plant volatiles; parasitism; Anaphes iole; hymenoptera; mymaridae; heteroptera; miridae; Lygus lineolaris ID ANAPHES-IOLE GIRAULT; LYGUS-HESPERUS; BENEFICIAL INSECTS; OLFACTORY RESPONSES; METHYL SALICYLATE; FIELD-EVALUATION; OVIPOSITION; HYMENOPTERA; MIRIDAE; COTTON AB Volatiles emitted by plants in response to feeding by Lygus species were tested in neurophysiological, behavioral, and parasitism trials with Anaphes iole, an egg parasitoid of Lygus. Electroantennogram analyses indicated that A. iole antennae responded to most herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) tested and that females were usually more responsive than males. Antennal responses to (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and methyl salicylate were among the strongest. Behavioral assays in a four-arm olfactometer demonstrated that response of female wasps to (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate varied greatly depending on preconditioning regime. Preconditioning wasps to complex host-plant odors led to stronger preference than did a single preconditioning stimulus, i.e., (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate. In a horizontal wind tunnel, female wasps were attracted by methyl salicylate and alpha-farnesene. Parasitism of Lygus lineolaris eggs by A. iole in a cotton field was greater when the eggs were associated with (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate or alpha-farnesene than with controls. Overall, the results of this study show that A. iole can perceive a variety of plant volatiles released after its host damages plants, that the degree of associative learning in A. iole can be manipulated based on preconditioning regime, and that single synthetic HIPVs are attractive to A. iole and can be used to increase attack rates on host eggs. Therefore, it appears that HIPVs have potential for use in suppression of Lygus population densities. C1 [Williams, Livy, III] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, Philip E Marucci Blueberry & Cranberry Res Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Castle, Sandra C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Zhu, Su] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem Biol & Mat Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Williams, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM livyw@unr.edu NR 58 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1190 EP 1201 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9520-5 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 340WB UT WOS:000258674600010 PM 18651192 ER PT J AU Tibbetts, R Frye, JG Marschall, J Warren, D Dunne, W AF Tibbetts, R. Frye, J. G. Marschall, J. Warren, D. Dunne, W. TI Detection of KPC-2 in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis and first reported description of carbapenemase resistance caused by a KPC beta-lactamase in P. mirabilis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; NEW-YORK; EMERGENCE; BROOKLYN; IMIPENEM; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENE AB An isolate of Proteus mirabilis recovered from blood cultures of a diabetic patient was shown to be resistant to imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem by disk diffusion susceptibility testing. Amplification of whole-cell and/or plasmid DNA recovered from the isolate with primers specific for the bla(KPC) carbapenemase gene produced an amplicon of the expected size which was confirmed to be bla(KPC-2) by sequence analysis. Transformation of a susceptible Escherichia coli host with plasmid preparations from the isolate generated a transformant for which the MICs of all of the carbapenems tested were increased three-to fourfold. We believe this to be the first report of carbapenem resistance in P. mirabilis caused by the acquisition of bla(KPC). C1 [Tibbetts, R.; Dunne, W.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Div Lab Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Frye, J. G.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Marschall, J.; Warren, D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63122 USA. RP Dunne, W (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Div Lab Med, St Louis, MO 63122 USA. EM dunne@wustl.edu RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013; OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395; Marschall, Jonas/0000-0002-0052-3210 NR 18 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 46 IS 9 BP 3080 EP 3083 DI 10.1128/JCM.00979-08 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 344FS UT WOS:000258912900041 PM 18632900 ER PT J AU Chiquette, J Allison, MJ Rasmussen, MA AF Chiquette, J. Allison, M. J. Rasmussen, M. A. TI Prevotella bryantii 25A used as a probiotic in early-lactation dairy cows: Effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics, milk production, and milk composition SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Prevotella bryantii 25A; transition dairy cow; probiotic; rumen modification ID DIRECT-FED MICROBIALS; AMMONIA CONCENTRATION; DIET DIGESTIBILITY; UREA NITROGEN; ACIDOSIS; RUMEN; CATTLE; DIGESTION; MONENSIN; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Ingestion of high levels of rapidly fermented carbohydrates after parturition often leads to the production of excessive quantities of organic acids that may exceed the buffering capacity of the rumen and cause pH to drop. Ruminal acidosis results in animal discomfort, anorexia, depression, decreased digestibility, and decreased milk production. In the present study, we examined the effects of daily addition of cells of a newly isolated strain of Prevotella bryantii (25A) to the rumen of 12 ruminally cannulated cows in early lactation. This strain was selected based on earlier in vitro studies that indicated its ability to grow rapidly, compete for starch, and produce organic acids other than lactate. After calving, all cows received increasing amounts of an energy-dense diet containing barley grain, corn silage, and grass silage in a 40: 60 forage-to-concentrate ratio. Animals were blocked according to milk production from their previous lactation. Treatments (control and P. bryantii) were distributed among cows within the same block. Cows were fed once a day. Six cows were given a daily dose of P. bryantii (2 x 1011 cells/dose), administered directly with a syringe through the rumen cannula, from 3 wk prepartum up to 7 wk postpartum. Rumen fluid was sampled before feeding and at 2 and 3 h postfeeding on wk 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 postpartum. Feed intake and milk yield were recorded daily and milk composition was recorded 2 d/wk, up to wk 7 of lactation. Feed intake was similar between control and treated cows. Prevotella bryantii did not change milk production, but milk fat tended to be greater in treated cows compared with control cows (3.9 vs. 3.5%). Rumen pH was similar between the 2 groups and differed across sampling times, being higher before feeding (6.3) as opposed to 2 h (5.9) and 3 h (5.7) postfeeding. Rumen lactate concentration was similar before feeding between control and treated cows; however, 2 to 3 h after feeding, lactate concentration was lower in cows receiving P. bryantii compared with control cows (0.7 vs. 1.4 mM). This difference was maintained throughout the experimental period. Concentration of NH3-N was greater in treated cows than in control cows (174 vs. 142 mg/L). Acetate (65.5 vs. 57.8 mM), butyrate (12.7 vs. 10.5 mM), and branched-chain C4 fatty acid (0.90 vs. 0.75 mM) concentrations were greater in postfeeding samples of treated cows compared with control cows. Supplementing early-lactating cows with P. bryantii 25A increased ruminal fermentation products and milk fat concentration. Because signs of subacute ruminal acidosis were not observed in either treated or control cows, no conclusions can be made about possible protection against acidosis by P. bryantii. C1 [Chiquette, J.] Coll 2000, Dairy & Swine Res & Dev Ctr, Sherbrooke, PQ J1M 1Z3, Canada. [Allison, M. J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rasmussen, M. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Chiquette, J (reprint author), Coll 2000, Dairy & Swine Res & Dev Ctr, Sherbrooke, PQ J1M 1Z3, Canada. EM chiquettej@agr.gc.ca RI Rasmussen, Mark/N-9509-2014 FU Dairy Farmers of Canada (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada); Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada) FX The authors thank Dairy Farmers of Canada (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada) for financial support of this research. The technical assistance of F. Markwell, A. Payet-Maugeron, H. Cook, and S. Franklin is greatly acknowledged. Appreciation is expressed to S. Methot for statistical analysis and C. Bolduc and D. Thibault for care of the experimental cows. NR 34 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 9 BP 3536 EP 3543 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0849 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 343YN UT WOS:000258892400026 PM 18765612 ER PT J AU Stabel, JR AF Stabel, J. R. TI Pasteurization of colostrum reduces the incidence of paratuberculosis in neonatal dairy calves SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis; colostrum; dairy calf ID AVIUM SUBSP-PARATUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS; JOHNES-DISEASE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INFECTED COWS; RISK-FACTORS; WASTE MILK; CATTLE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN AB In the present study, the potential benefits of feeding pasteurized colostrum were demonstrated in calves born to dams naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. Calves were separated at birth from their dams and randomly allocated into a group fed either the colostrum of their dam (DC; n = 6), followed by feeding the milk of the dam for 3 wk and then milk replacer, or into a group fed pooled pasteurized colostrum (PC; n = 5) from healthy noninfected dams, followed by milk replacer. At 6 wk of age, calves were weaned onto calf starter, housed together, and fed in a similar manner throughout the rest of the 12-mo study. Calves were necropsied at the end of the study, and 25 tissue sites were sampled from each animal and cultured for M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis. Sixteen of the 25 tissue sites were positive for calves across both treatment groups, with 14 of the 16 tissue sites positive for DC calves and 9 of the 16 tissue sites positive for PC calves. The degree of colonization within a tissue was low and variable for calves within treatment groups, and fecal shedding of M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis was minimal during the 12-mo study. As a measure of the early immune response to infection, blood obtained from calves was stimulated in vitro with M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis antigen preparations, and IFN-. secretion was measured. Antigen-specific IFN-. was consistently greater throughout the study in DC calves (0.95 +/- 0.19) compared with PC calves (0.43 +/- 0.10). Although long-term benefits are unknown, these results indicate that feeding a source of colostrum from paratuberculosis-free dams may decrease the initial exposure of neonates to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis, perhaps decreasing dissemination of infection over time. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 9 BP 3600 EP 3606 DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1107 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 343YN UT WOS:000258892400032 PM 18765618 ER PT J AU Wilcox, CS Schutz, MM Donkin, SS Lay, DC Eicher, SD AF Wilcox, C. S. Schutz, M. M. Donkin, S. S. Lay, D. C., Jr. Eicher, S. D. TI Short communication: Effect of temporary glycosuria on molasses consumption in Holstein calves SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy calves; glycosuria; molasses; phlorizin ID GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; SUCROSE INTAKE; DAIRY-COWS; INCREASES; STRESS; RAT; GLUCONEOGENESIS; PHLORIZIN; KINETICS; LIVER AB This study was conducted to determine the effect of experimentally increased glucose demand on voluntary consumption of molasses by dairy calves. Three-week-old calves received 0.365 g of phlorizin by s.c. injection. Urinary output and molasses consumption were measured hourly, and urinary glucose concentration was screened. Molasses consumption for the 24 h after treatment was (mean +/- SE) 72.0 g (+/- 7) for the control group and 142 g (+/- 1) for the phlorizin-treated group. Urinary output for the 8-h test period was 1.13 kg for the control group and 1.67 kg for the phlorizin-treated calves. Mean urinary glucose peaked at 10 g/L by 4 h after treatment for calves given phlorizin, whereas the concentration for the control group remained close to 0 g/L. Phlorizin treatment increased voluntary consumption of molasses in 3-wk-old Holstein calves. C1 [Lay, D. C., Jr.; Eicher, S. D.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wilcox, C. S.; Schutz, M. M.; Donkin, S. S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Eicher, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Susan.Eicher@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 9 BP 3607 EP 3610 DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1004 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 343YN UT WOS:000258892400033 PM 18765619 ER PT J AU Miller, RH Kuhn, MT Norman, HD Wright, JR AF Miller, R. H. Kuhn, M. T. Norman, H. D. Wright, J. R. TI Death losses for lactating cows in herds enrolled in dairy herd improvement test plans SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE death loss; death frequency; lactation termination ID MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; CATTLE; RATES AB Factors that affect frequency of death of lactating cows were studied for cows with records that terminated from 1995 through 2005. Analyses included effects of herd, year, month, parity, and lactation stage at lactation termination as well as cow breed and milk yield. A national data set (15,025,035 lactations in 45,032 herds) was analyzed with PROC GLM. Overall death frequency was 3.1% per lactation (5.7% per cow). Death frequency increased by 1.6% from 1995 to 2005, with a sudden increase of 0.9% from 2003 to 2004, probably because of a USDA requirement in late 2003 for euthanizing downer cows. Death frequency was 16.5% greater for lactations that terminated at <= 45 d than for those that terminated at >= 251 d. Death frequency increased with parity (2% greater for eighth parity and later than for first parity) and with lactation milk yield (0.4%/1,000 kg for Holsteins and Jerseys and 0.5%/1,000 kg for other breeds). Deaths were most frequent in July and least frequent in November. Within-herd breed differences (Holstein, Jersey, and other breeds) were small. The heritability of likelihood of death estimated from a sample of 79,162 Holstein cows was 1.3%. Death losses are increasing, perhaps partly because of increased milk yield and more intensive management regimens. C1 [Miller, R. H.; Kuhn, M. T.; Norman, H. D.; Wright, J. R.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miller, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM millerrh@juno.com NR 20 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 91 IS 9 BP 3710 EP 3715 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0943 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 343YN UT WOS:000258892400044 PM 18765630 ER PT J AU Efroymson, RA Peterson, MJ Welsh, CJ Druckenbrod, DL Ryon, MG Smith, JG Hargrove, WW Giffen, NR Roy, WK Quarles, HD AF Efroymson, Rebecca A. Peterson, Mark J. Welsh, Christopher J. Druckenbrod, Daniel L. Ryon, Michael G. Smith, John G. Hargrove, William W. Giffen, Neil R. Roy, W. Kelly Quarles, Harry D. TI Investigating habitat value to inform contaminant remediation options: Approach SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE habitat; ecological valuation; remediation; contaminated site ID EQUIVALENCY ANALYSIS; BIODIVERSITY; WILDLIFE; SITES; RESTORATION; ASSESSMENTS; COMPLEXITY; MANAGEMENT; CORRIDORS; DIVERSITY AB Habitat valuation methods are most often developed and used to prioritize candidate lands for conservation. In this study the intent of habitat valuation was to inform was to inform the decision-making process for remediation of chemical contaminants on specific lands or surface water bodies. Methods were developed to summarize dimensions of habitat value for six representative aquatic and terrestrial contaminated sites at the East Tennessee Technology Park (ETTP) on the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Several general valuation metrics were developed for three broad categories; site use by groups of organisms, site rarity, and use value added from spatial context. Examples of use value metrics are taxa richness, a direct measure of number of species that inhabit an area, complexity of habitat structure, an indirect measure of potential number of species that may use the area, and land use designation, a measure of the length of time that the area will be available for use. Measures of rarity included presence of rare species or communities. Examples of metrics For habitat use value added from spatial context included similarity or complementarity of neighboring habitat patches and presence of habitat corridors. More specific metrics were developed for groups of Organisms in contaminated streams, ponds. and terrestrial ecosystems. For each of these metrics, cutoff Values for high, medium, and low habitat value were suggested, based oil available information on distributions of organisms and landscape features, as well as habitat use information. A companion paper describes the implementation of these habitat valuation metrics and scoring criteria in the remedial investigation for ETTP. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Efroymson, Rebecca A.; Peterson, Mark J.; Druckenbrod, Daniel L.; Ryon, Michael G.; Smith, John G.; Hargrove, William W.; Giffen, Neil R.; Roy, W. Kelly; Quarles, Harry D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Welsh, Christopher J.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Ecol Modeling, Knoxville, TN 37886 USA. [Druckenbrod, Daniel L.] Longwood Univ, Farmville, VA 23909 USA. [Hargrove, William W.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 3008,MS 6036, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov; petersonmj@ornl.gov; cwelsh@utk.edu; druckenbroddl@longwood.edu; ryonmg@ornl.gov; smithjg@ornl.gov; hargroveww@ornl.gov; giffennr@ornl.gov; roywk@ornl.gov; quarleshdiii@ornl.gov RI Druckenbrod, Daniel/L-4717-2013; OI Druckenbrod, Daniel/0000-0003-2998-0017; Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X FU US Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the US Government under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the US Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 72 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 88 IS 4 BP 1436 EP 1451 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.023 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 343RO UT WOS:000258871900082 PM 17897773 ER PT J AU Toor, GS Harmel, RD Haggard, BE Schmidt, G AF Toor, Gurpal S. Harmel, R. Daren Haggard, Brian E. Schmidt, Gerd TI Evaluation of regression methodology with low-frequency water quality sampling to estimate constituent loads for ephemeral watersheds in Texas SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RATING CURVES; UNCERTAINTY; SEDIMENT; SOIL; RUNOFF; RIVER; MODEL AB Water quality regulation and litigation have elevated the awareness and need for quantifying water quality and Source contributions in watersheds across the USA. In the present study, the regression method, which is typically applied to large (perennial) rivers, was evaluated in its ability to estimate constituent loads (NO3-N, total N, PO4-P, total P sediment) on three small (ephemeral) watersheds with different land uses in Texas. Specifically, regression methodology was applied with daily flow data collected with bubbler stage recorders in hydraulic structures mid with water quality data collected with four low-frequency sampling strategies: random, rise and kill, peak, and single stage. Estimated loads were compared with measured loads determined in 2001-2004 with an autosampler and high-frequency sampling strategies. Although annual rainfall and runoff volumes; were relatively consistent within watersheds during the study period, measured annual nutrient and sediment concentrations and loads varied considerably for the cultivated and mixed watersheds bur not for the pasture watershed. Likewise, estimated loads were much better for the pasture watershed than the cultivated and mixed landuse watersheds because of more consistent land management and vegetation type in the Pasture watershed, which produced stronger correlations between constituent loads and mean daily flow rates. Load estimates for PO4-P were better than for other constituents possibly because PO4-P concentrations were less variable within storm events. Correlations between constituent concentrations and mean daily flow rate were poor and not significant for all watersheds, which is different than typically observed in large rivers. The regression method was quite variable in its ability to accurately estimate annual nutrient loads from the study watersheds; however, constituent load estimates were much more accurate for the combined 3-yr period. Thus, it is suggested that for small watersheds, regression-based annual load estimates should be used with caution, whereas long-term estimates can be much more accurate when multiple years of concentration data are available. The predictive ability of the regression method was similar for all of the low-firequency sampling strategies Studied; therefore, single-stage or random strategies are recommended for low-frequency storm sampling on small watersheds because of their simplicity. C1 [Toor, Gurpal S.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Landscape Conservat & Ecol, GulfCoast Res & Educ Ctr,Soil & Water Sci Dep, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. [Haggard, Brian E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Harmel, R. Daren] USDA ARS, Temple, TX USA. [Schmidt, Gerd] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. RP Toor, GS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Landscape Conservat & Ecol, GulfCoast Res & Educ Ctr,Soil & Water Sci Dep, 14625,CR 672, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. EM gstoor@ufl.edu RI Harmel, Daren/L-5162-2013 NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1847 EP 1854 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0232 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 344OJ UT WOS:000258936900020 PM 18689746 ER PT J AU Smith, KE Putnam, RA Phaneuf, C Lanza, GR Dhankher, OP Clark, JM AF Smith, Katy E. Putnam, Raymond A. Phaneuf, Clifford Lanza, Guy R. Dhankher, Om P. Clark, John M. TI Selection of plants for optimization of vegetative filter strips treating runoff from turfgrass SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED SOIL; IRIS-VERSICOLOR; SURFACE RUNOFF; BUFFER STRIP; DEGRADATION; METOLACHLOR; ADSORPTION; ATRAZINE; FLUOMETURON; HERBICIDES AB Runoff from turf environments, such as golf Courses, is of increasing concern due to the associated chemical contamination of lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and ground water. Pesticide runoff due to fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides used to maintain golf courses in acceptable playing condition is a particular concern. One possible approach to mitigate such contamination is through the implementation of effective vegetative filter strips (VFS) on golf courses and other recreational turf environments. The objective of the current study was to screen ten aesthetically acceptable plant species for their ability to remove four commonly-used and degradable pesticides: chlorpyrifos (CP), chlorothalonil (CT) pendimethalin (PE), and propiconazole (PR) from soil in a greenhouse setting, thus providing invaluable information as to the species composition that would be most efficacious for use in VFS Surrounding turf environments. Our results revealed that blue flag iris (Iris versicolor) (76% CP, 94% CT, 48% PE, and 33% PR were lost from soil after 3 mo of plant growth), eastern gama grass (Tripsacum dactyloides) (47% CP, 95% CT, 17% PE, and 22% PR were lost from soil after 3 mo of plant growth), and big blue stem (Andropogon gerardii) (52% CP, 91% CT 19% PE, and 30% PR were lost from soil after 3 mo of plant growth) were excellent candidates for the optimization of VFS as buffer zones abutting turf environments. Blue flag iris was most effective at removing selected pesticides from soil and had the highest aesthetic value of the plants tested. C1 [Putnam, Raymond A.; Phaneuf, Clifford; Lanza, Guy R.; Clark, John M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Massachusetts Pesticide Anal Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Smith, Katy E.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Lanza, Guy R.] Univ Massachusetts, Environm Sci Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Clark, JM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Massachusetts Pesticide Anal Lab, 639 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jclark@vasci.umass.edu RI Dhankher, Om Parkash/P-1880-2016 FU The Environmental Inst. (Univ. of Massachusetts-Amherst); United States Golf Assoc.; Massachusetts Pesticide Analysis Lab FX Funding for this project was provided by The Environmental Inst. (Univ. of Massachusetts-Amherst), the United States Golf Assoc., and the Massachusetts Pesticide Analysis Lab. The authors wish to thank Mark Ladd, the staff at the Massachusetts Pesticide Lab. and at The Environmental Inst. for their invaluable assistance in the completion of this project. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1855 EP 1861 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0325 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 344OJ UT WOS:000258936900021 PM 18689747 ER PT J AU Bolster, CH AF Bolster, Carl H. TI Revisiting a statistical shortcoming when fitting the Langmuir model to sorption data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID PURPOSE ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS; LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION; NONLINEAR-REGRESSION; MICHAELIS-MENTEN; CONSTANTS; PHOSPHATE; ANIONS; ERRORS AB The LangMuir model is commonly used for describing the sorption behavior of reactive solutes to surfaces and is often fit to sorption data using nonlinear least squares regression. An important assumption of least squares regression is that the predictor variable is error free. In the case of sorption data, this assumption is not valid, and therefore the potential for parameter bias exists. Although alternative regression methods exist that either explicitly account for error in the predictor variable (Model 11 regression) or minimize the error in the predictor variable, these methods are not commonly used. Therefore, this paper more full, explores the differences in fitted parameters and model firs between these different data fitting methods by fitting 11 sorption data collected on 26 different soil samples using three different regression methods. For a majority of soils tested in this Study, the differences in model firs between the three regression methods were nor statistically significant. Statistical differences were observed in over a third of the soils, however, suggesting that errors in the predictor variable may be large enough to produce biased parameter estimates. These results Suggest that Multiple regression methods should be used when fitting the Langmuir model to sorption data to better assess the potential impact of error on model fits. C1 USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bolster, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM carl.bolster@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 BP 1986 EP 1992 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0461 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 344OJ UT WOS:000258936900034 PM 18689760 ER PT J AU Bradford, SA Segal, E Zheng, W Wang, QQ Hutchins, SR AF Bradford, Scott A. Segal, Eran Zheng, Wei Wang, Qiquan Hutchins, Stephen R. TI Reuse of concentrated animal feeding operation wastewater on agricultural lands SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Review ID UNSATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION; CATTLE FEEDLOT MANURE; SWINE LAGOON EFFLUENT; COLLOID-FACILITATED TRANSPORT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT AB Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) generate large volumes of manure and manure contaminated wash and run-off water. When applied to land at agronomic rates, CAFO wastewater has the potential to be a valuable fertilizer and soil amendment that can improve the physical condition of the soil for plant growth and reduce the demand for high quality water resources. However excess amounts of nutrients, heavy metals, salts, pathogenic, microorganisms and pharmaceutically active compounds (antibioics and hormones) in CAFO wastewater can adversely impact soil and water quality. The USEPA currently requires that application of CAFO wastes to agricultural lands follow an approved nutrient managed plan (NMP). A NMP is a design document that sets rates for waste application to meet the water and nutrient requirements of the selected crops and soil types and is typically written so as to be protective of surface water resources. The tactit assumption is that a well-designed and executed NMP ensures that all lagoon water contaminants are taken up or degraded in the root zone, so that ground water is inherently protected. The validity of this assumption for all lagoon water contaminants has not yet been thoroughly studied. This review paper discusses our current level of understanding on the environmental impact and sustainability of CAFO wastewater reuse. Specifically we address the source, composition application practices, environmental issues, transport pathways and potential treatments that are associated with the reuse of CAFO wastewater on agricultural lands. C1 [Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Segal, Eran; Zheng, Wei] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wang, Qiquan] Delaware State Univ, Dep Chem, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Hutchins, Stephen R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Bradford, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sbradford@ussl.ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USEPA [DW-12-92189901-0] FX This research was Supported by the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the USDA-ARS and an interagericy agreement with the USEPA (LAG no. DW-12-92189901-0). Although this work was funded in part by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency), and no official endorsement should be inferred. We would also like to acknowledge Dr. Dennis Corwin for his editorial recommendations on this manuscript. NR 255 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 20 U2 108 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S97 EP S115 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0393 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700010 PM 18765783 ER PT J AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM Oster, JD Kaffka, SR AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. Oster, James D. Kaffka, Stephen R. TI Short-term sustainability of drainage water reuse: Spatio-temporal impacts on soil chemical properties SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SALT-TOLERANT FORAGES; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; SALINE WATER; IRRIGATION; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Greater urban demand for finite water resources, increased frequency of drought resulting from erratic weather, and increased pressure to reduce drainage water volumes have intensified the need to reuse drainage water. A study was initiated in 1999 on a 32.4-ha saline-sodic field (Lethent clay loam series; fine, montmorillonitic, thermic, Typic Natrargid) located on the west side of California's San Joaquin Valley (WSJV) with the objective of evaluating the sustainability of drainage water reuse with respect to impact on soil quality. An evaluation after 5 yr of irrigation with drainage water is presented. Geo-referenced measurements of apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC) were used to direct soil sampling at 40 sites to characterize the spatial variability of soil properties (i.e., salinity, Se, Na, B, and Mo) crucial to the soil's intended use of growing Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (I.) Pets.) for livestock consumption. Soil samples were taken at 0.3-m increments to a depth of 1.2 m at each site in August 1999, April 2002, and November 2004. Drainage water varying in salinity (0.8-16.2 dS m(-1)), SAR (5-4-52.4), Mo (80-400 mu g L-1), and Se (<1-700 mu g L-1) was applied to the field since July 2000. An analysis of the general temporal trend shows that overall soil quality has improved due to leaching of B from the top 0.6 m of soil; salinity and Na from the top 1.2 m, but primarily from 0 to 0.6 m; and Mo from the top 1.2 m. Short-term sustainability of drainage water reuse is supported by the results. C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.; Oster, James D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Kaffka, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Dennis.Corwin@ars.usda.gov FU Univ. of California's Kearney Foundation FX The authors acknowledge the Univ. of California Salinity-Drainage Program for the initial start-LIP funds used for field site preparation and costs associated with initial sample collection and site management and the Univ. of California's Kearney Foundation for funds to support the chemical analyses needed for the initial site characterization. The authors thank Harry Forster and Nahid Vistch for their technical laboratory support, Jack Jobes for his help in collecting soil samples, and the following Students for their assistance in soil sample preparation and routine physical and chemical soil analyses: Derrick Lai, Linda Lam, Jon Edwards, Jennifer Palarca, Samantha Chang, and Kevin Yemoto. The authors are in debt to Ceil Howe, Jr. and Ceil Howe Ill for the use of their land and for managing the day-to-day farm operations, which made the project possible. The authors are particularly grateful to Clay Wilkinson for his diligence, conscientiousness, and positive attitude in preparing and analyzing the samples. NR 52 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S8 EP S24 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0140 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700002 PM 18765781 ER PT J AU Corwin, DL Bradford, SA AF Corwin, Dennis L. Bradford, Scott A. TI Environmental impacts and sustainability of degraded water reuse SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SWINE LAGOON EFFLUENT; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE WATER; WASTE-WATER; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; LAND APPLICATION; BIOSOLIDS; QUALITY; AGRICULTURE; IRRIGATION AB Greater urban demand for finite water resources to meet domestic, agricultural, industrial, and recreational needs; increased frequency of drought resulting from erratic weather; and continued degradation of available water resources from point and nonpoint sources of pollution have focused attention on the reuse of degraded waters as a potential water source. However, short- and long-term detrimental environmental impacts and sustainability of degraded water reuse are not well known or understood. These concerns led to the organization of the 2007 ASA-CSSA-SSSA Symposium entitled Environmental Impacts and Sustainability of Degraded Water Reuse. Out of this symposium came a special collection of 4 review papers and 12 technical research papers focusing on various issues associated with the reuse of agricultural drainage water, well water generated in the production of natural gas from coalbeds, municipal wastewater and biosolids, wastewater from confined animal operations, urban runoff, and food-processing wastewater. Overviews of the papers, gaps in knowledge, and future research directions are presented. The future prognosis of degraded water reuse is promising, provided close attention is paid to managing constituents that pose short- and long-term threats to the environment and the health of humankind. C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.; Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Dennis.Corwin@ars.usda.gov FU American Society of Agronomys Division S-11 FX The authors acknowledge the sponsorship of the American Society of Agronomys Division S-11 and the co-sponsorship of S-4 for their assistance and support in bringing the Environmental Impacts and Sustainability of Degraded Water Reuse Symposium to the 2007 ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meeting. Specifically, the authors are gratefid to Dr. Jon Chorover, the Chair of S-11, for his time and efforts. The authors also thank the contributors to the special collection of papers for their hard work in presenting papers at the symposium and preparing manuscripts for publication in the Journal of Environmental Quality. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S1 EP S7 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0210 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700001 PM 18765757 ER PT J AU Eigenberg, RA Lesch, SM Woodbury, B Nienaber, JA AF Eigenberg, Roger A. Lesch, Scott M. Woodbury, Bryan Nienaber, John A. TI Geospatial methods for monitoring a vegetative treatment area receiving beef feedlot runoff SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TECHNIQUES; SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; SPATIAL PREDICTION; DESIGNS; SYSTEM AB A vegetative treatment area (VTA) offers alternative solutions to traditional feedlot runoff holding ponds, but the distribution of nutrients is not easily defined. Methods for monitoring salt accumulations in soils have been demonstrated a[ the United States Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, CA. This study was conducted to determine if methods developed to inventory saline soils can be used to inventory a VTA designed to control feedlot runoff. A soil conductivity map was generated at a VTA site using electromagnetic induction equipment (Dualem-1S) and global positioning satellite. The ESAP software package, developed by the United States Salinity Laboratory at Riverside, CA, was used to determine a representative set of (n = 20) soil sampling locations for estimating the chloride distribution in the VTA (Cl-: selected as an indicator ion to track feedlot runoff). An additional set of (n = 20) stratified random sampling (SRS) locations were selected for comparison. The ESAP-generated, prediction-based sampling plan exhibited better design optimality criteria than the SRS plan. Statistical validation tests confirmed that the regression model estimated from the ESAP-generated sample data was capable of producing accurate and unbiased predictions of the natural log (Cl-) levels at the independently chosen SRS sites. The combination of geo-referenced soil conductivity, directed soil sample data, and regression modeling provides a cost-effective tool to observe and manage liquid flow patterns in a VTA. C1 [Eigenberg, Roger A.; Nienaber, John A.] US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Woodbury, Bryan] USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM roger.eigenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S68 EP S77 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0347 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700007 PM 18765779 ER PT J AU Pepper, IL Zerzghi, H Brooks, JP Gerba, CP AF Pepper, Ian L. Zerzghi, Huruy Brooks, John P. Gerba, Charles P. TI Sustainability of land application of Class B biosolids SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SATURATED SAND COLUMNS; LONG-TERM APPLICATION; LIQUID SEWAGE-SLUDGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POROUS-MEDIA; DESERT SOIL; CHEMICAL PERTURBATIONS; BACTERIAL-RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB Land application of Class B biosolids is routinely undertaken in the United States. However, due to public concern over potential hazards, the long-term sustainability of land application has been questioned. Thus, the objective of this review article was to evaluate the sustainability of land application of Class B biosolids. To do this we evaluated (i) the face and transport of potential biological and chemical hazards within biosolids, and (ii) the influence of long-term land application on the microbial and chemical properties of the soil. Direct risks to human health posed by pathogens in biosolids have been shown to be low. Risks from indirect exposure such as aerosolized pathogens or microbially contaminated ground water are also low. A long-term land application stud), showed enhanced microbial activity and no adverse toxicity effects on the soil microbial community. Long-term land application also increased soil macronutrients including C, N, and, in particular, P. In act, care should be taken to avoid contamination of surface waters with high phosphate soils. Available soil metal concentrations remained low over the 20-yr land application period due to the low metal content of the biosolids and a high soil pH. Soil salinity increases were not detected due to the low salt content of biosolids and irrigation rates in excess of consumptive use rates for cotton. Our conclusion, based on these studies, is that long-term land application of Class B biosolids is sustainable. C1 [Pepper, Ian L.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. [Zerzghi, Huruy; Gerba, Charles P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brooks, John P.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Pepper, IL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 2601 E Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. EM ipepper@ag.arizona.edu NR 87 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S58 EP S67 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0321 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700006 PM 18765778 ER PT J AU Read, JJ Brink, GE Adeli, A McGowen, SL AF Read, J. J. Brink, G. E. Adeli, A. McGowen, S. L. TI Swine effluent application timing and rate affect nitrogen use efficiency in common bermudagrass SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID LAGOON-EFFLUENT; PHOSPHORUS; SOIL; MOVEMENT; SEASON; MANURE; WASTE; WATER AB Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pets.] hay production is integral to manure management on southeastern swine farms. But swine effluent timing must be synchronized with crop nitrogen (N) demands to decrease the potential for soil N accumulation and nitrate (NO) leaching. Field studies were conducted on a Prentiss sandy loam (coarse-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Glossic Fragiudult) to determine N-use efficiency (NUE) and residual soil NO3-N. Two rates of 10 and 20 cm yr(-1) (similar to 260 and 480 kg ha(-1) N, respectively) were applied in four timing treatments: April to September (full season), April to May, June to July, and August to September. Plots were harvested ever), 7 to 9 wk beginning in June, and soil was sampled in fall after a killing frost and the following spring. Annual uptake of N and P were least in the August to September timing treatment. Doubling the effluent rate increased N uptake 112% in 2000 (from 130 to 276 kg ha(-1)) and 53% in 2001 (from 190 to 290 kg ha(-1)), suggesting 10-cm did not meet crop N demands. Due to low rainfall and decreased forage yield in 2000, doubling the effluent rate led to increased soil NO3-N to 30-cm depth in fall 2000 and spring 2001. Averaged across timing treatments, soil NO3-N at 5-cm depth ranged from 8.5 mg kg(-1) in non-irrigated controls to 39.6 mg kg(-1) with 20-cm effluent. Results indicate low NUE in the order of 30 to 38% for applications in August to September increase the risk to surface and ground water quality from excess N remaining in soil. C1 [Read, J. J.; Adeli, A.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Brink, G. E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McGowen, S. L.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. RP Read, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.read@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S180 EP S189 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0553 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700017 PM 18765764 ER PT J AU Suarez, DL Wood, JD Lesch, SM AF Suarez, Donald L. Wood, James D. Lesch, Scott M. TI Infiltration into cropped soils : Effect of rain and sodium adsorption ratio-impacted irrigation water SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MIXED-SALT SOLUTIONS; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION; CLAY DISPERSION; EXCHANGEABLE SODIUM AB The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and salinity criteria for water suitability for irrigation have been developed fro conditions where irrigation water is the only water source. It is not clear that these criteria are applicable to environments where there is a combination of rain and irrigation during the growing season. The interaction of rainfall with irrigation water is expected to result in increased sodicity hazard because of the low electrical conductivity of rain. In this study we examined the effects of irrigation waters of SAR 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mmol(1/2) L-1/2 and electrical conductivities of 1 and 2 dS m(-1) on the infiltration rate of two soils with alternating cycles of rain (simulated with a rainfall sprinkler) and irrigation water, seperated by drying cycles. The infilration rate if surface samples from two soils Kobase silty clay (fine, smectitic, frigid, Torrertic Haplustept) and Glendive very fine sandy loam (coarse loamy, mixed superactive, calcerous, frigid Aridic Ustifluvent) were evaluated under alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cropped conditions for over 140 d and under full canopy cover. Reduction in infiltration were observed for both soils for SAR above 2 and the reductions became more severe with increasing SAR Saturated hydraulic conductivity measurement taken from undisturbed cores at the end of the experiment were highly variable suggesting that in situ infiltration measurements may be preferred when evaluating SAR effects. C1 [Suarez, Donald L.; Wood, James D.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Suarez, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM donald.suarez@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S169 EP S179 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700016 PM 18765763 ER PT J AU Vanotti, MB Szogi, AA AF Vanotti, Matias B. Szogi, Ariel A. TI Water quality improvements of wastewater from confined animal feeding operations after advanced treatment SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID SWINE MANURE; MALODOROUS COMPOUNDS; AMMONIA EMISSIONS; TREATMENT SYSTEM; REDUCTION; LAGOONS; REMOVAL AB Current trends of animal production concentration and new regulations promote the need for environmentally safe alternatives to land application of liquid manure. These technologies must be able to substantially remove nutrients, heavy metals, and emissions of ammonia and odors and disinfect the effluent. A new treatment system was tested full-scale in a 4360-swine farm in North Carolina to demonstrate environmentally Superior technology (EST) that could replace traditional anaerobic lagoon treatment. The system combined liquid-solids separation with nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes. Water quality was monitored at three sites: (i) the treatment plant as the raw manure liquid was depurated in the various processes, (ii) the converted lagoon as it was being cleaned up with the created effluent, and (iii) an adjacent traditional anaerobic lagoon. The treatment plant removed 98% of total suspended solids (TSS), 76% of total solids (TS), 100% of 5-d biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), 98% of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and NH4-N, 95% of total phosphorus (TP), 99% of Zn, and 99% of Cu. The quality of the liquid in the converted lagoon improved rapidly as cleaner effluent from the plant replaced anaerobic lagoon liquid. The converted lagoon liquid became aerobic (dissolved oxygen, 6.95 mg L-1; Eh, 342 mv) with the following mean reductions in the second year of the conversion: 73% of TSS, 40% of TS, 77% of BOD5, 85% of TKN, 92% of NH4-N, 38% of TP, 37% of Zn, and 39% of Cu. These findings overall showed that EST can have significant positive impacts on the environment and on the livestock industries. C1 [Vanotti, Matias B.; Szogi, Ariel A.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Vanotti, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM matias.vanotti@ars.usda.gov FU North Carolina State University; Smithfield Foods, Inc. [2002-0478-02] FX This research was part of USDA-ARS National Program 206: Manure and By-product Utilization; ARS Project 6657-13630-003-00D "Innovative Animal Manure Treatment Technologies for Enhanced Environmental Quality." Technology verification was partially funded by North Carolina State University and its sponsor Smithfield Foods, Inc. through USDA Agreement 58-6657-2-202, NCSU Subcontract #2002-0478-02. The authors are grateful to personnel from Super Soil Systems USA, Clinton, NC, for their help during data collection; Selco MC, Castellon, Spain, for their contribution to project management and SCADA monitoring system; Hitachi Plant Technologies, Tokyo, Japan, for their commitment to biological nitrogen system optimization; Premium Standard Farms for providing information on animal production; and Aprel Ellison, USDA-ARS Florence, for help with sampling and laboratory analyses. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or vendor is for information only and does not guarantee or warrant the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP S86 EP S96 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0384 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 345VX UT WOS:000259026700009 PM 18765782 ER PT J AU Martin, CL Murphy, SP Au, DLM AF Martin, Carrie L. Murphy, Suzanne P. Au, Donna Lyn M. TI Compiling glycemic index and glycemic load values for addition to a food composition database SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE glycemic index; glycemic load; carbohydrate; food composition table ID MIXED MEALS; PANCREATIC-CANCER; RISK; METHODOLOGY; CARBOHYDRATE; DIET; GLUCOSE; OBESITY; DISEASE; WOMEN AB The glycemic index (GI) provides an indication of a food's carbohydrate quality by measuring the blood glucose response to consuming the food. The glycemic load (GL) is calculated as the GI times the available carbohydrate in a fixed amount of the food. GI and GL are currently of interest for the study of associations of diet and chronic disease including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and obesity. An international table of GI values is available and provides a compilation of currently available data. The purpose of this project was to use these data, as well as other available references, to expand the Cancer Research Center of Hawaii Food Composition Table (FCT) to include GI and GL values. All of the individual foods in the FCT (n = 1592) were assigned GI values as a direct match (n = 181), imputation (n = 948), calculated value (n = 208), or assigned a zero value (n = 255). GL per 100g was then calculated using the assigned GI and available carbohydrate per 100 g of food. The addition of GI and GL values to the FCT will allow researchers to estimate the effect of dietary carbohydrate quality on various health outcomes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Martin, Carrie L.] ARS, USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Murphy, Suzanne P.; Au, Donna Lyn M.] Univ Hawaii, Canc Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Martin, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005,Rm 102,BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Carrie.Martin@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 21 IS 6 BP 469 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2008.03.007 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 335RF UT WOS:000258307000003 ER PT J AU Arthur, TM Bosilevac, JM Brichta-Harhay, DM Kalchayanand, N King, DA Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koohmaraie, M AF Arthur, Terrance M. Bosilevac, Joseph M. Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M. Kalchayanand, Norasak King, David A. Shackelford, Steven D. Wheeler, Tommy L. Koohmaraie, Mohammad TI Source tracking of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 and Salmonella contamination in the lairage environment at commercial US beef processing plants and identification of an effective intervention SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; AEROBIC-BACTERIA; CATTLE; PREVALENCE; HIDES; CARCASSES; TRANSPORTATION; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; CAMPYLOBACTER AB Transportation from the feedlot and lairage at the processing plant have been identified as potential sources of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella hide contamination. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive tracking analysis of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella associated with beef cattle from the feedlot through processing. Cattle (n = 581) were sampled in a feedlot, then transported in multiple lots to three commercial, fed beef processing plants in the United States, where they were sampled again. Samples were collected from the tractor trailers prior to loading cattle and from the lairage environment spaces prior to entry of the study cattle. Pathogen prevalence on cattle hides increased on every lot of cattle between exiting the feedlot and beginning processing. Prior to loading cattle, E. coli O157:H7 was found in 9 (64%) of 14 tractor trailers. E. coli O157:H7 was detected in over 60% of the samples from each lairage environment area, while Salmonella was detected in over 70% of the samples from each lairage environment area. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella isolates (11 = 3,645) were analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The results of the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis tracking indicate that the transfer of bacteria onto cattle hides that occurs in the lairage environments of U.S beef processing plants accounts for a larger proportion of the hide and carcass contamination than does the initial bacterial population found on the cattle exiting the feedlot. Finally, the results of this study indicate that hide wash cabinets are effective in removing contamination derived from the lairage environment. C1 [Arthur, Terrance M.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Kalchayanand, Norasak; King, David A.; Shackelford, Steven D.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Arthur, TM (reprint author), Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Terrance.Arthur@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 FU The Beef Checkoff FX This project was funded in part by The Beef Checkoff. We thank Dana Christensen, Julie Dyer, Emily Griess, Bruce Jasch. Kim Kucera. Frank Reno, Sarah Schumacher, Greg Smith, Justin Tedford. and Casey Trambly for technical support, and Marilyn Bierman for secretarial support. NR 27 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 9 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1752 EP 1760 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 349WY UT WOS:000259315200001 PM 18810858 ER PT J AU Bosilevac, JM Koohmaraie, M AF Bosilevac, Joseph M. Koohmaraie, Mohammad TI Effects of using reduced volumes of nonselective enrichment medium in methods for the detection of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 from raw beef SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; GROUND-BEEF; DECONTAMINATION; INTERVENTIONS; PATHOGENS; OUTBREAKS; CATTLE; PCR AB Recent work from our laboratory revealed that tryptic soy broth (TSB) was a superior enrichment medium for use in test-and-hold Escherichia coli O157:H7 methods at levels down to a ratio of three volumes of medium to one volume of sample. Lower ratios were examined for their effect on results obtained from culture isolation. the BAX E. coli O157:H7 NIP assay, and the Assurance GDS E. coli O157:H7 assay. Ground beef and boneless beef trim were inoculated with a high level (170 CFU/65 g of ground beef and 43 CFU/65 g of trim) and a low level (17 CFU/65 g of ground beef and 4 CFU/65 g of trim) of E. coli O157:H7 and enriched in 3, 1, 0.5, and 0 volumes of TSB. The volume of TSB used did not affect E. coli O157:H7 detection by culture isolation, Assurance GDS detection in ground beef or trim, or the BAX MP assay detection in ground beef. However, BAX MP assay detection of E. coli O157:H7 in beef trim was 50,42, and 33% positive when enrichment volumes of 0.5 x, 1 x, and 3 x. respectively, were used. Optimum results with all methods were obtained using 1 volume of TSB. We concluded that detection test results can be considered valid as long as enrichment medium is used, even when it is less than the specified 3 or 10 volumes. C1 [Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Bosilevac, JM (reprint author), Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mick.bosilevac@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1768 EP 1773 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 349WY UT WOS:000259315200003 PM 18810860 ER PT J AU Oscar, TP AF Oscar, T. P. TI An approach for mapping the number and distribution of Salmonella contamination on the poultry carcass SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID TYPHIMURIUM DT104; SAMPLING METHODS; BROILER CARCASSES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INITIAL DENSITY; GROUND CHICKEN; SKIN; GROWTH; ENUMERATION; MICROFLORA AB Mapping the number and distribution of Salmonella on poultry carcasses will help guide better design of processing procedures to reduce or eliminate this human pathogen from poultry. A selective plating media with multiple antibiotics (xylose-lysine agar medium [XL] containing N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) and the antibiotics chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin [XLH-CATS]) and a multiple-antibiotic-resistant strain (ATCC 700408) of Salmonella Typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (DT104) were used to develop an enumeration method for mapping the number and distribution of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 on the carcasses of young chickens in the Cornish game hen class. The enumeration method was based on the concept that the time to detection by drop plating on XLH-CATS during incubation of whole chicken parts in buffered peptone water would be inversely related to the initial log number (N(0)) of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 on the chicken part. The sampling plan for mapping involved dividing the chicken into 12 parts, which ranged in average size from 36 to 80 g. To develop the enumeration method, whole parts were spot inoculated with 0 to 6 log Salmonella Typhimurium DT104, incubated in 300 ml of buffered peptone water, and detected on XLH-CATS by drop plating. An inverse relationship between detection time on XLH-CATS and N(0) was found (r = -0.984). The standard curve was similar for the individual chicken parts and therefore, a single standard curve for all 12 chicken parts was developed. The final standard curve, which contained a 95% prediction interval for providing stochastic results for N(0), had high goodness of fit (r(2) = 0.968) and was N(0) (log) = 7.78 +/- 0.61 - (0.995 x detention time). Ninety-five percent of N(0) were within +/- 0.61 log of the standard curve. The enumeration method and sampling plan will be used in future studies to map changes in the number and distribution of Salmonella on carcasses of young chickens fed the DT104 strain used in standard curve development and subjected to different processing procedures. C1 [Oscar, T. P.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, ARS, USDA, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Oscar, T. P.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Ctr Food Sci & Technol, ARS, Ctr Excellence Poultry Food Safety Res 1890, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. RP Oscar, TP (reprint author), Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, ARS, USDA, Room 2111, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. EM Thomas.Oscar@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1785 EP 1790 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 349WY UT WOS:000259315200005 PM 18814381 ER PT J AU Gast, RK Guraya, R Guard-Bouldin, J Holt, PS AF Gast, Richard K. Guraya, Rupa Guard-Bouldin, Jean Holt, Peter S. TI Multiplication of Salmonella enteritidis on the yolk membrane and penetration to the yolk contents at 30 degrees C in an in vitro egg contamination model SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED HENS; UNITED-STATES; SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; VITELLINE MEMBRANE; PHAGE TYPE-4; ALBUMIN; GROWTH; STORAGE; HEIDELBERG AB Refrigeration to limit bacterial multiplication is a critical aspect of efforts to control the transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) to consumers of contaminated eggs. Although the nutrient-rich yolk interior is an uncommon location for SE contamination in freshly laid, naturally contaminated eggs, migration across the vitelline membrane could lead to rapid bacterial multiplication even when the initial site of deposition is outside the yolk. Multiplication on the yolk membrane (before, or in addition to, multiplication within the yolk contents) could be another source of increased risk to consumers. The present study used an in vitro egg contamination model to compare the abilities of four strains of SE to either multiply in association with the yolk membrane or migrate through that membrane to reach the yolk contents during 36 h of incubation at 30 degrees C. After inoculation onto the exterior surface of intact, whole yolks, all four SE strains penetrated the vitelline membrane to reach the yolk contents (at an overall frequency of 11.5%) after 12 h of incubation. The mean log concentration of SE was significantly higher in whole yolks (including yolk membranes) than in yolk contents at both 12 h (0.818 versus 0.167 CFU/ml) and 36 h (2.767 versus 1.402 CFU/ml) of incubation. These results demonstrate that SE multiplication on the vitelline membrane may both precede and exceed multiplication resulting from penetration into the yolk contents during the first 36 h of unrefrigerated storage, reinforcing the importance of rapid refrigeration for protecting consumers from egg-transmitted illness. C1 [Gast, Richard K.; Guraya, Rupa; Guard-Bouldin, Jean; Holt, Peter S.] Russell Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Gast, RK (reprint author), Russell Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Richard.Gast@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1905 EP 1909 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 349WY UT WOS:000259315200020 PM 18810876 ER PT J AU Patel, JR Nou, X AF Patel, J. R. Nou, X. TI Effect of a reactive oxygen species-generating system for control of airborne microorganisms in a meat-processing environment SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE AIR IONIZATION; STAINLESS-STEEL SURFACES; CARCASS CONTAMINATION; BEEF; PLANTS; SALMONELLA; BACTERIA; ABATTOIR AB The effectiveness of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating AirOcare equipment on the reduction of airborne bacteria in a meat-processing environment was determined. Serratia marcescens and lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum) were used to artificially contaminate the air via a six-jet Collison nebulizer. Air in the meat-processing room was sampled immediately after aerosol generation and at various predetermined times at multiple locations by using a Staplex 6 stage air sampler. Approximately a 4-log reduction of the aerial S. marcescens population was observed within 2 It of treatment (P < 0.05) compared to a 1-log reduction in control samples. The S. marcescens populations reduced further by similar to 4.5 log after 24 h of exposure to ROS treatment. Approximately 3-log CFU/m(3) reductions in lactic acid bacteria were observed following 2-h ROS exposure. Further ROS exposure reduced lactic acid bacteria in the air; however. the difference in their survival after 24 h of exposure was not significantly different from that observed with the control treatment. S. marcescens bacteria were more sensitive to ROS treatment than the lactic acid bacteria. These findings reveal that ROS treatment using the AirOcare unit significantly reduces airborne S. marcescens and lactic acid bacteria in meat-processing environments within 2 h. C1 [Patel, J. R.; Nou, X.] ARS, USDA, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Patel, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitu.patel@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 71 IS 9 BP 1922 EP 1925 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 349WY UT WOS:000259315200024 PM 18810880 ER PT J AU Liu, KS Moreau, RA AF Liu, K. S. Moreau, R. A. TI Concentrations of functional lipids in abraded fractions of hulless barley and effect of storage SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hulless barley; pearling; phytosterols; storage; tocols ID CEREAL PRODUCTS; VITAMIN-E; TOCOTRIENOLS; TOCOPHEROLS; OIL; SCARIFICATION; STABILITY; STEROLS; TOCOLS; GERM AB Hulless barley kernels were sequentially abraded to achieve 4%, 8%, 16%, 24%, 32%, and 40% removal. Abraded fines, kernels, and ground kernels were stored at 35 degrees C and 75% relative humidity for 3 wk. Stored samples were extracted and the levels of oil, free phytosterols, tocopherols (Ts), and tocotrienols (T3s) were analyzed and compared with freshly abraded fractions. The results revealed that oil, sterols, and Ts were concentrated in the outer layers, particularly in the germ layer. In whole kernels, homologues of both Ts and T3s showed the same ranking order in concentrations as alpha > gamma > beta > delta. The homologue composition of Ts remained the same but that of T3s changed across the kernel. The %T3 In total tocols increased in fractions with Increasing endosperm tissue. Storage caused no change in oil and Ts but significant changes in sterols and T3s. The changes were differential among T3 isomers, with alpha-T3 decreasing mid delta-T3 increasing. The degradation of alpha-T3 was accelerated in fractions with more endosperm tissue. Grinding kernel samples before storage accelerated sterol degradation but had a limited effect on changes of T3s. A 2nd experiment using a different hulless barley line and ambient storage for 6 mo confirmed all the findings except that the changing trend for sterols was inconsistent. These results provide practical information to those who wish to produce a barley fraction enriched with a particular functional lipid and maintain stability of their products. C1 [Moreau, R. A.] ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Liu, K. S.] ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Moreau, RA (reprint author), ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM robert.moreau@ars.usda.gov OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 73 IS 7 BP C569 EP C576 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00890.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 348MR UT WOS:000259215100012 PM 18803704 ER PT J AU Du, WX Olsen, CW Avena-Bustillos, RJ McHugh, TH Levin, CE Friedman, M AF Du, W. -X. Olsen, C. W. Avena-Bustillos, R. J. McHugh, T. H. Levin, C. E. Friedman, Mendel TI Antibacterial activity against E-coli O157 : H7, physical properties, and storage stability of novel carvacrol-containing edible tomato films SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antibacterial tomato films; carvacrol; E. coli O157 : H7; HPLC; physical properties; storage stability ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; GROUND-BEEF; CINNAMALDEHYDE; CHOLESTEROL; PATHOGENS; HAMSTERS; COATINGS AB Edible films containing plant antimicrobials are gaining importance as potential treatment to extend product shelf life and reduce risk of pathogen growth on contaminated food surfaces. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities, storage stabilities, and physical-chemical-mechanical properties of novel edible films made from tomatoes containing carvacrol, the main constituent of oregano oil. The antimicrobial activities against E. coli O157:H7 and the stability of carvacrol were evaluated during the preparation and storage of tomato-based films made by 2 different casting methods, continuous casting and batch casting. Antimicrobial assays of tomato films indicated that optimum antimicrobial effects occurred with carvacrol levels of approximately 0.75% added to tomato purees before film preparation. HPLC analysis of the films indicated that the carvacrol concentrations and bactericidal effect of the films remained unchanged over the storage period of up to 98 d at 5 and 25 degrees C. Carvacrol addition to the tomato puree used to prepare the films increased water vapor permeability of tomato films. The continuous method for casting of the films appears more suitable for large-scale use than the batch method. This 1st report on tomato-based edible antimicrobial tomato films suggests that these films have the potential to prevent adverse effects of contaminated food and promote human health associated with the consumption of tomatoes. C1 [Du, W. -X.; Olsen, C. W.; Avena-Bustillos, R. J.; McHugh, T. H.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Levin, C. E.; Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM mfried@pw.usda.gov OI Levin, Carol/0000-0001-6522-6156; Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-35200117409] FX This study was supported by USDA-CSREES-NRI grant 2006-35200117409. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 73 IS 7 BP M378 EP M383 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00892.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 348MR UT WOS:000259215100023 PM 18803723 ER PT J AU de Moura, MR Avena-Bustillos, RJ McHugh, TH Krochta, JM Mattoso, LHC AF de Moura, M. R. Avena-Bustillos, R. J. McHugh, T. H. Krochta, J. M. Mattoso, L. H. C. TI Properties of novel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films containing chitosan nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chitosan nanoparticles; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; packaging; tensile strength; water vapor permeability ID EDIBLE FILMS; PERMEABILITY; COMPOSITES AB In this study, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and incorporated in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) films under different conditions. Mechanical properties, water vapor and oxygen permeability, water solubility, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) results were analyzed. Incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles in the films improved their mechanical properties significantly, while also Improving film barrier properties significantly. The chitosan poly(methacrylic acid) (CS-PMAA) nanoparticles tend to occupy the empty spaces in the pores of the HPMC matrix, inducing the collapse of the pores and thereby improving film tensile and barrier properties. This study is the first to investigate the use of nanoparticles for the purpose of strengthening HPMC films. C1 [de Moura, M. R.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Avena-Bustillos, R. J.; McHugh, T. H.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Krochta, J. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [de Moura, M. R.; Mattoso, L. H. C.] EMBRAPA, CNPDIA, Natl Nanotechnol Lab Agr, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Mattoso, LHC (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. EM mattoso@cnpdia.embrapa.br RI Aouada, Marcia/F-6231-2014; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU USDA; ARS; WRRC; CNPq FX The financial support given by USDA, ARS, WRRC and CNPq, FINEP/LNNA, and Embrapa/Labex (Brazil) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 73 IS 7 BP N31 EP N37 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00872.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 348MR UT WOS:000259215100029 PM 18803724 ER PT J AU Fan, X Sokorai, KJB AF Fan, X. Sokorai, K. J. B. TI Retention of quality and nutritional value of 13 fresh-cut vegetables treated with low-dose radiation SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE appearance; aroma; fresh-cut vegetables; irradiation; texture; vitamin C ID VOLATILE SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE; IONIZING-RADIATION; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; ICEBERG LETTUCE; OFF-ODOR; LEAVES AB Improving the microbial safety while maintaining quality of fresh fruits and vegetables will increase consumer confidence in fresh produce. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of irradiation at 1 kGy, a dose that potentially inactivates E. coli 0 157:117 by 5 logs, on the quality of 13 common fresh-cut vegetables: iceberg, romaine, green and red leaf lettuce, spinach, tomato, cilantro, parsley, green onion, carrot, broccoli, red cabbage, and celery. The results showed that the appearance of irradiated samples was similar to the nonirradiated ones except that irradiated carrots, celery, cilantro, and green onions had higher appearance scores than corresponding nonirradiated vegetables. There was no difference in the instrumental texture between irradiated samples and nonirradiated ones. The aroma of several irradiated vegetables was significantly better than controls after 14-d storage, because these control samples decayed or senesced. The 1 kGy irradiation did not affect vitamin C content of most vegetables; however, irradiated green and red leaf lettuce had 24% to 53% lower vitamin C contents than the controls. Our results suggest that most fresh-cut fruits and vegetables tested can tolerate up to I kGy irradiation without significant losses in any of the quality attributes. C1 [Fan, X.; Sokorai, K. J. B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fan, X (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 25 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 73 IS 7 BP S367 EP S372 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00871.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 348MR UT WOS:000259215100027 PM 18803730 ER PT J AU Calkin, D Jones, G Hyde, K AF Calkin, David Jones, Greg Hyde, Kevin TI Nonmarket resource valuation in the postfire environment SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE nonmarket valuation; postfire environment; Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) ID HABITAT; FIRE AB After the containment of large wildland fires, major onsite and downstream effects including lost soil productivity, watershed response, increased vulnerability to invasive weeds, and downstream sedimentation can cause threats to human life and property. Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER) teams are responsible for developing treatment plans to mitigate negative consequences associated with these postwildfire events. BAER teams are charged with demonstrating that proposed treatments are economically justified. When the resources at risk are market values this poses few challenges; however, when the resources at risk are nonmarket values serious challenges occur including limited supporting scientific research, a lack of economics expertise and training among BAER team members, and tight time frames for conducting assessments resulting in final assessments that may not be defensible. In this study we show a clear and reproducible valuation procedure termed implied minimum value that may be adopted by BAER teams to improve the economic justification of treatments proposed to protect nonmarket resource values. C1 [Calkin, David; Jones, Greg] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Calkin, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM decalkin@fs.fed.us; jgjones@fs.fed.us; kdhyde@fs.fed.us RI Calkin, David/F-4727-2014 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program FX David Calkin (decalkin@fs.fed.us) is research forester, and Greg Jones jgiones@fs.fed.us) is supervisory research forester, Rocky Mountain Research Station, US Forest Service, 800 East Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801. Kevin Hyde (kdhyde@fs.fed.us) is landscape modeling hydrologist, Management and Engineering Technologies International. Funding for this research was provided by the Joint Fire Sciences Program. The authors thank Dr. Peter Robichaud for insight into the BAER environment, Funding for research support, Dr. Tyron Venn for article review and advice, and additional review and constructive recommendations of two anonymous reviewers. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 106 IS 6 BP 305 EP 310 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 348JF UT WOS:000259206100002 ER PT J AU Negron, JF Bentz, BJ Fettig, CJ Gillette, N Hansen, EM Hays, JL Kelsey, RG Lundquist, JE Lynch, AM Progar, RA Seybold, SJ AF Negron, Jose F. Bentz, Barbara J. Fettig, Christopher J. Gillette, Nancy Hansen, E. Matthew Hays, Jane L. Kelsey, Rick G. Lundquist, John E. Lynch, Ann M. Progar, Robert A. Seybold, Steven J. TI US Forest Service bark beetle research in the western United States: Looking toward the future SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; western forest insects ID DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE; PONDEROSA PINE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; IPS-PARACONFUSUS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; KENAI PENINSULA; SCOLYTIDAE; COLEOPTERA; PHEROMONE AB Bark beetles cause extensive tree mortality in coniferous forests of western North America and play an important role in the disturbance ecology of these ecosystems. Recently, elevated populations of bark beetles have been observed in all conifer forest types across the western United States. This has heightened public awareness of the issue and triggered legislation for increased funding for state and federal agencies to address issues associated with bark beetle outbreaks. Recently, US Forest Service, Research and Development entomologists from the western research stations met with US Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection entomologists, our primary stakeholder, to identify bark beetle research priorities. These include vegetation management; ecological, economic, and social consequences of outbreaks; fire and bark beetle interactions; effects of climate change on bark beetle populations; and chemical ecology. C1 [Negron, Jose F.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gillette, Nancy] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Hays, Jane L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Bentz, Barbara J.; Hansen, E. Matthew] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Kelsey, Rick G.; Progar, Robert A.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lundquist, John E.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Lynch, Ann M.] Rocky Mt Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Negron, JF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM jnegron@fs.fed.us; bbentz@fs.fed.us; cfettig@fs.fed.us; ngillette@fs.fed.us; matthansen@fs.fed.us; jlhayes@fs.fed.us; rkelsey@fs.fed.us; jlundquist@fs.fed.us; alyncb@fs.fed.us; rprogar@fs.fed.us; sjseybold@gmail.com NR 38 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 106 IS 6 BP 325 EP 331 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 348JF UT WOS:000259206100005 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, E. P. TI Digestion of invertebrate neuropeptides by preparations from the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus SO JOURNAL OF HELMINTHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FMRFAMIDE-RELATED PEPTIDE; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ASCARIS-SUUM; AMINOPEPTIDASE; STABILITY AB Proteases in the soluble fraction of homogenates prepared from the free-living nematode Panagrellus redivivus hydrolysed the amidated invertebrate neuropeptides FMRFa and FLRFa, and nematode FMRFa-like peptides (FLPs) KPNFLRFa (FLP-1-H), APKPKFIRFa (FLP-5-A), KNEFIRFa (FLP-8), KPSFVRFa (FLP-9), RNKFEFIRFa (FLP-12) and KHEYLRFa (FLP-14) in vitro. Results were assessed by analysing reaction components with RP-HPLC, UV detection at 210 nm and peak integration. Based upon substrate peak size, more than 90%, of most of the peptide substrates was consumed after 1 h at 27 degrees C, but digestion was not complete even with a crude protease mixture. Two peptides, FLP-12 and FLP-14, were significantly less Susceptible to digestion than the others. FLP-12 was the least susceptible of all sequences (71% loss; P < 0.0001), while FLP-14 was digested less (84% loss; P < 0.0004) than all but FLP-12. Product peak digestion patterns of FLP-12, a second nonapeptide (FLP-5-A), and FMRFa, incubated with aminopeptidase (amastatin) and serine endoprotease (AEBSF) inhibitors, demonstrated highly specific behaviours of each sequence to protease cleavage. Amastatin significantly (P < 0.03) reduced digestion of FLP-12 (54% loss) and FMRFa (61% loss; P < 0.0005), but had no effect on FLP-5-A. AEBSF had no protective effect on FMRFa but significantly decreased hydrolysis of FLP-5-A (77% loss; P < 0.0001) and FLP-12 (59% loss; P < 0.03). The combination of both inhibitors had additive effects only for FMRFa (34%, loss; P < 0.0005). Further analysis of FMRFa digestion using peptides with D-amino acid substitutions demonstrated nearly complete protection of FdMRFa (2% loss; P < 0.0001) from all proteolytic digestion, whereas digestion of FMRdFa was complete. Results suggest that in addition to aminopeptidase and serine proteases, both deamidase and aminopeptidase P participate in neuropeptide metabolism in P. redivivus. C1 Agr Res Serv, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Nematol Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0022-149X J9 J HELMINTHOL JI J. Helminthol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 82 IS 3 BP 279 EP 285 DI 10.1017/S0022149X08982596 PG 7 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 340QH UT WOS:000258659600014 PM 18477415 ER PT J AU Yue, B Vick, BA Yuan, W Hu, JG AF Yue, Bing Vick, Brady A. Yuan, Wenge Hu, Jinguo TI Mapping one of the 2 genes controlling lemon ray flower color in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID RFLP LINKAGE MAP; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; CAROTENOIDS; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB In an F(2) population of 120 plants derived from a cross between 2 breeding lines with yellow ray flowers, we observed 111 plants with yellow-colored and 9 plants with lemon-colored ray flowers. The segregation pattern fits a 15:1 (chi(2)((15:1)) = 0.32, P > 0.5) ratio, suggesting that the lemon ray flower color is conditioned by 2 independent recessive genes that had been contributed individually by each of the parents. We sampled 111 plants from the 3 F2: 3 families displaying a 3 to 1 segregating ratio for genotyping with molecular markers. One of the genes, Yf(1), was mapped onto linkage group 11 of the public sunflower map. A targeted region amplified polymorphism marker (B26P17Trap13-68) had a genetic distance of 1.5 cM to Yf(1), and one simple sequence repeat marker (ORS733) and one expressed sequence tag ( EST)-based marker (HT167) previously mapped to linkage group 11 were linked to Yf1 with distances of 9.9 and 2.3 cM, respectively. C1 [Yue, Bing] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Vick, Brady A.; Hu, Jinguo] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Yue, Bing] Hubei Acad Agr Sci, Wuhan 430064, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Wenge] Langfang Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Langfang 065000, Peoples R China. RP Hu, JG (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM jinguo.hu@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 99 IS 5 BP 564 EP 567 DI 10.1093/jhered/esn033 PG 4 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 335YC UT WOS:000258330500015 PM 18477587 ER PT J AU Shuster, WD Pappas, E Zhang, Y AF Shuster, W. D. Pappas, E. Zhang, Y. TI Laboratory-scale simulation of runoff response from pervious-impervious systems SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTIVITY; IMPACTS AB We posit that a more complete understanding of runoff response from urban catchments requires an assessment of the hydrologic behavior of composite impervious-pervious patches. We therefore examined how the factors of impervious extent, connectivity, and antecedent moisture content of pervious areas might affect mechanisms of runoff production at small spatial scales in a laboratory setting. We used rainfall simulation (with a storm comprised of 20,30,40 mm hr(-1) rainfall rates for 48, 24, and 24 min, respectively) to observe surface runoff from 0.6 m(2) boxes (impervious or pervious-soil) 0.2 m deep that were connected together in series to produce different arrangements of impervious and pervious surfaces (0, 25, 50% impervious) with different connectivity to the outlet (disconnected, connected), and under two different antecedent moisture conditions for pervious areas (drier, wetter). In general, an increase in percent impervious area led to fewer opportunities for infiltration, and a quicker onset of runoff, which was intensified by wetter antecedent moisture conditions and connectivity to the outlet. Runoff rate ratios were strongly affected by antecedent moisture condition and somewhat less significantly by an interaction between impervious area extent and its connectivity status. In each impervious treatment, we observed a decreased time to runoff initiation and higher final runoff rate ratio for wetter than drier treatments. Interestingly, we found that the connectivity of 25% impervious area accounted for differences in runoff rate ratio only early in the simulation. The patterns in runoff from connected and disconnected 25% treatments eventually converged, leaving antecedent moisture conditions the only relevant factor. As impervious area was increased to 50%, we noted a precipitous decline in infiltration rates due to a reduction in infiltration opportunities and infiltration behavior of the pervious surfaces in these treatments. Evidence of return flow in the 50% disconnected treatment is presented and discussed in the context of saturation-excess runoff mechanisms. These experimental results are then discussed in terms of their potential extension and application to better understand aspects of urban hydrology and models thereof. C1 [Shuster, W. D.; Zhang, Y.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Environm Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Pappas, E.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Shuster, WD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Environm Branch, ML498,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. FU USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory; USDA Agricultural Research Service; Janae Bos (ARS) FX This research work was funded by and performed under an inter-agency agreement between the USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The writers thank Janae Bos (ARS) for technical support and data archiving throughout the course of this project. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 25 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 13 IS 9 BP 886 EP 893 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2008)13:9(886) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 338DV UT WOS:000258486700014 ER PT J AU Harrison, RL Lynn, DE AF Harrison, Robert L. Lynn, Dwight E. TI New cell lines derived from the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon, that support replication of the A-ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and several group I nucleopolyhedrovirusruses SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel); black cutworm; Agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus; AgipMNPV baculovirus nucleopolyhedrovirus; cell lines; biological control ID INSECT CELLS; SEGETUM NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; NOCTUIDAE DAMAGE; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; DNA-REPLICATION; CABBAGE-LOOPER; LEPIDOPTERA; BACULOVIRUSES; ESTABLISHMENT AB New cell lines were recently developed from the embryos of the black cutworm. Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). A primary culture was initiated from 4-day-old A. ipsilon eggs in ExCell420 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum. This initial culture produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of eight distinct strains. Two of these strains (AiE1611T and AiEd6T) were selected for further characterization. Extracts of these strains were compared to an extract from A. ipsilon eggs by isozyme analysis and shown to be from the same species. Both strains were susceptible to infection by the A. ipsilon Multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgipMNPV), as well as to lepidopteran group 1 NPVs from A. californica, Anagrapha falcifera. Anticarsia gemmatalis, Galleria mellonella, Helicoverpa armigera, Plutella xylostella, and Rachiplusia ou, with large numbers of occlusion bodies produced in most of the inoculated cells. The cell lines did not Support the replication of group 11 NPVs from Helicoverpa zea, Lymantria dispar, and Spodoptera exigua. Both cell lines produced confluent monolayers in plaque assays and Supported the formation Of plaques upon infection with AgipMNPV and Autographa californica (Ac)MNPV. Twenty AgipMNPV plaques were picked from either AiE1611T or AiEd6T monolayers, and the plaque isolates were serially passaged three times through A. ipsilon cells. Only one isolate from AiE1611T cells exhibited genotypic variation in the form of an altered restriction fragment profile. Our results Suggest these new lines can be useful in the Study of AgipMNPV and A. ipsilon cellular and molecular biology. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Harrison, Robert L.; Lynn, Dwight E.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Harrison, RL (reprint author), ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Bldg 011A,Room 214,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Robert.L.Harrison@ars.usda.gov RI Harrison, Robert/I-4707-2014 NR 49 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.015 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 347HO UT WOS:000259131400005 PM 18395741 ER PT J AU Christen, JM Campbell, JF Zurek, L Shapiro-Ilan, DI Lewis, EE Ramaswamy, SB AF Christen, Jayne M. Campbell, James F. Zurek, Ludek Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Lewis, Edwin E. Ramaswamy, Sonny B. TI Role of symbiotic and non-symbiotic bacteria in carbon dioxide production from hosts infected with Steinernema riobrave SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Galleria mellonella; Tenebrio molitor; Steinernema riobrave; Xenorhabdus cabanillasii; entomopathogenic nematode ID INSECT PATHOGENIC NEMATODES; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE; NEOAPLECTANA-CARPOCAPSAE; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA; XENORHABDUS-NEMATOPHILUS; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; BEHAVIOR; LARVAE; PHOTORHABDUS; ATTRACTION AB Entomopathogenic nematodes of the family Steinernematidae and their mutualistic bacteria (Xenorhabdus spp.) are lethal endoparasites of insects. We hypothesized that growth of the nematode's mutualistic bacteria in the insect host may contribute to the production Of Cues used by the infective juveniles (Us) in responding to potential hosts for infection. Specifically, we tested if patterns of bacterial growth could explain differences in CO(2) production over the Course of host infection. Growth of Xenorhabdus cabanillasili isolated from Steinernema riobrave exhibited the characteristic exponential and stationary growth phases. Other non-nematode symbiotic bacteria were also found in infected hosts and exhibited similar growth patterns to X. cabanillasii. Galleria mellonella larvae infected with S. riobrave produced two distinct peaks Of CO(2) Occurring at 25.6-36 h and 105-161 h post-infection, whereas larvae injected with X cabanillasii alone showed only one peak of CO(2), occurring at 22.8-36.2 h post-injection. Tenebrio molitor larvae infected with S. riobrave or injected with bacteria alone exhibited only one peak Of CO(2) production, which Occurred later during S. riobrave infection (41.4-64.4 h post-infection compared to 20.4-35.9 h post-injection). These results indicate a relationship between bacterial growth and the first peak Of CO(2) in both host species, but not for the second peak exhibited in G. mellonella. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Campbell, James F.] ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Nut Res Unit, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Lewis, Edwin E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Campbell, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM james.f.campbell@ars.usda.gov RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 FU National Science Foundation [IBN-0333099] FX The research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. IBN-0333099. We thank Drs. Aqeel Ahmad and Lilia Macovei for assistance with preparation of bacteria isolates for sequencing and identification and Drs. Albrecht Koppenhofer and Patricia Stock for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture or Kansas State University. This is Contribution No. 08-186-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.05.008 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 347HO UT WOS:000259131400006 PM 18621386 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Strong, CA Hunter, WB Dang, PM Pereira, RM Oi, DH Williams, DF AF Valles, Steven M. Strong, Charles A. Hunter, Wayne B. Dang, Phat M. Pereira, Roberto M. Oi, David H. Williams, David F. TI Expressed sequence tags from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta: Annotation and utilization for discovery of viruses SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solenopsis invieta; expressed sequence tag; expression library; dicistroviridae; microsporidia ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; GENOME SEQUENCE; HEMIPTERA; PROTEIN AB n expression library was created and 2304 clones sequenced from a monogyne colony Solenopsis invicta. The primary intention of the project was to utilize homologous gene identification to facilitate discovery of viruses infecting this ant pest that could potentially be used in pest management. Additional genes were identified from the ant host and associated pathogenes that serve as an important resource for studying these organisms. After assembly and removal of mitochondrial and poor quality sequences. 1054 unique sequences were yielded and deposited into the GenBank database under Accession Nos. EH412746 through EH413799. At least nine expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were identified as possessing microsatellite motifs and 15 ESTs exhibited significant homology with microsporidian genes. These sequences most likely originated from Thelohania solenopsae, it well-characterized microsporidian that infects S. invicta. Six ESTs exhibited significant homology with single-stranded RNA viruses (3B4. 3F6. 11F1. 12G12. 14D5. and 24C10). Subsequent analysis of these putative viral ESTS revealed that 3134 was most likely a ribosomal gene of S. invicta, 11F1 was a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus contaminant introduced into the colony from the cricket food source. 12G12 appeared to be a plant-infecting tenuivirus also introduced into the colony as a field contaminant, and 3F6. 14D5. and 24C10 were all from a unique ssRNA virus found to infect S. invicta. The sequencing project illustrates the utility of this method for discovery of viruses and pathogens that many otherwise go indiscovered. published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Valles, Steven M.; Strong, Charles A.; Oi, David H.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.] ARS, Hort & Breeding Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Dang, Phat M.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Pereira, Roberto M.; Williams, David F.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM steven.valls@ars.usda.gov RI Pereira, Roberto/B-5008-2010 OI Pereira, Roberto/0000-0002-5618-7690 NR 30 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.01.004 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 347HO UT WOS:000259131400011 PM 18329665 ER PT J AU Teixeira, EW Chen, YP Message, D Pettis, J Evans, JD AF Teixeira, Erica Weinstein Chen, Yanping Message, Dejair Pettis, Jeff Evans, Jay D. TI Virus infections in Brazilian honey bees SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; Africanized honey bees; dicistroviridae; RNA virus; multiplex RT-PCR; colony collapse disorder ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; MITE VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; DEFORMED-WING VIRUS; PICORNA-LIKE VIRUS; QUEEN-CELL-VIRUS; PARALYSIS-VIRUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RT-PCR; SACBROOD-VIRUS; JACOBSONI OUD. AB This work describes the first molecular-genetic evidence for viruses in Brazilian honey bee samples. Three different bee viruses, Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), Black queen cell Virus (BQCV), and Deformed wing virus (DWV) were identified during a screening of RNAs from 1920 individual adult bees collected in a region of southeastern Brazil that has recently shown unusual bee declines. ABPV was detected in 27.1% of colony samples, while BQCV and DWV were found in 37% and 20.3%, respectively. These levels are substantially lower than the frequencies found for these viruses in Surveys from other parts of the world. We also developed and validated a Multiplex RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of ABPV, BQCV, and DWV in Brazil. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Teixeira, Erica Weinstein] SAA SP, Agencia Paulista Tecnol Agronegocios, BR-12400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, Yanping; Pettis, Jeff; Evans, Jay D.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Message, Dejair] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Teixeira, EW (reprint author), SAA SP, Agencia Paulista Tecnol Agronegocios, Prof Manoel Cesar Ribeiro,CP 07, BR-12400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM erica@aptaregional.sp.gov.br RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Ministry of Science and Technology, Brazil; USDA-NRI [AG2004-36504-14277] FX We thank David De Jong for sample help and Dawn Lopez for laboratory assistance. This work was Supported by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Ministry of Science and Technology, Brazil (E.W.T.), and by USDA-NRI grant AG2004-36504-14277 (J.D.E.). NR 36 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 99 IS 1 BP 117 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.03.014 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 347HO UT WOS:000259131400018 PM 18471826 ER PT J AU Miller, RJ Li, AY Tijerina, M Davey, RB George, JE AF Miller, Robert J. Li, Andrew Y. Tijerina, Mary Davey, Ronald B. George, John E. TI Differential response to diazinon and coumaphos in a strain of Boophilus microplus (Acari : Ixodidae) collected in Mexico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus; diazinon; resistance; coumaphos; synergist ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE-RESISTANT; SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS; CATTLE TICK; GENE AB Boophilus microplus, collected from Nuevo Leon, Mexico, were found to be highly resistant to diazinon but not highly resistant to coumaphos, suggesting that different mechanisms of resistance were present in these ticks than other Mexican organophosphate (OP)-resistant ticks reported previously. When exposed to coumaphos and piperonyl butoxide or triphenylphosphate, the LC50 estimate was reduced by 3.5- and 6.3-fold, respectively, suggesting that mono-oxygenases and/or esterases were involved in resistance to coumaphos. Additionally, it was determined that this strain had an Acetylycholinesterase (AChe) that was insensitive to the active form of coumaphos, coroxon, taking at least 24 min longer to reach 50% reduction in AChE activity compared with the susceptible strain. When exposed to diazinon. none of the synergists tested significantly lowered the LC50. However, it was determined that it took six times longer to reach 60% inhibition of AChE in the resistant strain compared with the susceptible strain when exposed to the active form of diazinon, diazoxon. Insensitive AChE seems to be very common in OP-resistant B. microplus. The potential benefits for the development of a field-portable AChE inhibition assay kit are discussed. C1 [Miller, Robert J.] USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Miller, Robert J.; Tijerina, Mary; Davey, Ronald B.] USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Li, Andrew Y.; George, John E.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78029 USA. RP Miller, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Moore Air Base,Bldg 6419,22675 N Moorefield Rd, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM robert.miller@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 45 IS 5 BP 905 EP 911 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[905:DRTDAC]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 346VZ UT WOS:000259099000012 PM 18826034 ER PT J AU Bennett, KE Hopper, JE Stuart, MA West, M Drolet, BS AF Bennett, Kristine E. Hopper, Jessica E. Stuart, Melissa A. West, Mark Drolet, Barbara S. TI Blood-feeding behavior of vesicular stomatitis virus infected Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culicoides sonorensis; vesicular stomatitis virus; behavior; generalized linear mixed model ID NEW-JERSEY SEROTYPE; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; LUTZOMYIA-SHANNONI DIPTERA; BLUETONGUE-VIRUS; ORAL INFECTION; VARIIPENNIS DIPTERA; VECTOR COMPETENCE; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; FEVER VIRUS; TRANSMISSION AB To determine whether vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) affects subsequent blood-feeding behavior, midges injected with either virus-infected or virus-free cell lysates were allowed to blood feed for short (10-min) or long (60-min) periods on 2, 3, and 4 d postinoculation (DPI). Generalized linear mixed models were fit to test the effects of infection status, duration of feeding period, and DPI on the percentage of females that blood fed. VSV-infection significantly reduced the percentage of females that blood fed on 2 DPI, the day of peak virus titer. On 3 DPI a significantly greater percentage of midges blood fed when allowed 60 min to feed. This effect was not seen on 2 and 4 DPI and was not dependent on VSV infection status. The impact of changes in blood-feeding behavior by infected insects on virus transmission is discussed. C1 [Bennett, Kristine E.; Hopper, Jessica E.; Stuart, Melissa A.; Drolet, Barbara S.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [West, Mark] USDA ARS, No Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bennett, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Ag Bldg,Room 5031,Dept 3354,1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM kristine.bennett@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Medical, Veterinary [5410-32000-014, 5410-32000-011] FX Many thanks to the insectary and cell culture staff at the ABADRL (L. Debrey, J. Kempert, L. McHolland, K. Bryant, and J. Kern) who kindly provided insects mid cells for this work. Funding for this research was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Medical, Veterinary, and Urban Entomology National Program, Project 5410-32000-014 and the Animal Health National Program, Project 5410-32000-011. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 45 IS 5 BP 921 EP 926 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[921:BBOVSV]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 346VZ UT WOS:000259099000014 PM 18826036 ER PT J AU Skantar, AM Carta, LK Handoo, ZA AF Skantar, A. M. Carta, L. K. Handoo, Z. A. TI Molecular and Morphological Characterization of an Unusual Meloidogyne arenaria Population from Traveler's Tree, Ravenala madagascariensis SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gall; IIsp90; intergenic spacer; mitochondrial DNA; molecular biology; Ravenala madagascariensis; ribosomal DNA; root-knot nematode; taxonomy; traveler's tree; variation ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; ISOZYME PHENOTYPES; ENZYME PHENOTYPES; INTERGENIC REGION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MAJOR MELOIDOGYNE; DNA-SEQUENCES; IDENTIFICATION; PCR; EVOLUTION AB An unusual variant of Meloidogyne arenaria was discovered on roots of a traveler's tree (Ravenala madagascariensis) intended for display at a public arboretum in Pennsylvania. The population aroused curiosity by the lack of visible galling on the roots of the infected plant, and the female vulvar region was typically surrounded by egg sacs. Most morphometrics of the population fit within the ranges reported for M. arenaria, with a mosaic of features in common with either M. platani or other tropical Meloidogyne spp. Molecular characterization included analysis of four loci. The mitochondrial sequence, extending front cytochrome oxidase II (COII) to the 16S (1RNA) gene, wits nearly identical to another M. arenarin population and closely related to sequences front M. morocciensis and M. thailandica. The 28S D2-D3 expansion segment was most similar to those from M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. paranaensis, and the IGS-2 was most related to those from M. thailandica, M. arenaria and M. incognita. Analysis of partial IIsp90 genomic sequences revealed the greatest similarity to M. arenaia, M.thailandica and an IIsp90 haplotype from M.floridensis, and a composite sequence comprised of EST front M. arenaria. No morphological or molecular features clearly distinguished this population as it new species, and, when considered its a whole, the evidence points to its identification as M. arenaria. C1 [Skantar, A. M.; Carta, L. K.; Handoo, Z. A.] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Skantar, AM (reprint author), ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 011A,Room 165B, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM andrea.skantar@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 179 EP 189 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 410KB UT WOS:000263574800003 PM 19440257 ER PT J AU Troccoli, A De Luca, F Handoo, ZA Di Vito, M AF Troccoli, A. De Luca, F. Handoo, Z. A. Di Vito, M. TI Morphological and molecular characterization of Pratylenchus lentis n. sp (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from Sicily SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE host-range; internal transcribed spacer; ITS1; ITS2; lentil; morphology; new species; Pratylenchus; root lesion nematode; sequencing; Sicily ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; MICROSATELLITE; RNA; VARIABILITY; POPULATION; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; COFFEAE AB Pratylenchus lentis n. sp. parasitizing roots of lentil in Sicily, Italy, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by a relatively high lip region with three annuli, mean stylet length of 16 mu m, with anteriorly flattened knobs, cylindrical body with a relatively anterior vulva, large and ovoid spermatheca full of sperm, plump tail with truncate, irregularly annulated terminus, and by the presence of mates. Molecular ITS-RFLP and sequencing analyses of the new species showed cleat, differences from other most morphologically similar species, such is P. thornei and P. mediterraneus. Preliminary host range tests revealed that chickpea, pea, faba bean and durum wheat are good hosts of P. lentis n. sp., whereas common bean, alfalfa and barley are less robust hosts and tomato, bell pepper, eggplant, melon and Sunflower are poor hosts for the nematode. C1 [Troccoli, A.; De Luca, F.; Di Vito, M.] CNR, IPP, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Handoo, Z. A.] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Troccoli, A (reprint author), CNR, IPP, Sez Bari, Via G Amendola,122-D, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM a.troccoli@ba.ipp.cnr.it RI Troccoli, Alberto/C-5811-2015 OI Troccoli, Alberto/0000-0002-3582-8209 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 190 EP 196 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 410KB UT WOS:000263574800004 PM 19440258 ER PT J AU Davis, RF AF Davis, Richard F. TI Alternate row placement is ineffective for cultural control of Meloidogyne incognita in cotton SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cotton; cultural control; Gossypium hirsutum; nematode management; Meloidogyne incognita; root-knot nematode; row placement ID ROTYLENCHULUS-RENIFORMIS; SOYBEAN CULTIVARS; NEMATODE; RESISTANCE; MANAGEMENT AB The objective of this study was to determine if planting cotton into the space between the previous year's rows reduces crop loss due to Meloidogyne incognita compared to planting in the same row every year. Row, placement had a significant (P <= 0.05) effect on nematode population levels only on 8 July 2005. Plots receiving 1,3-dichloropropene plus aldicarb had lower nematode population levels than non-fumigated plots on 24 May and 8 July in 2005, but not in 2004. The effect of nematicide treatment on nematode populations was not affected by row placement. Row placement did not have a significant effect on root galling or yield in 2004 or 2005. Nematicide treatment decreased root galling in all years, and the decrease was not influenced by row placement. Yield was increased by nematicide application in 2004 and 2005, and the increase vas not affected by row placement. Percentage yield loss was not affected by row placement. Changing the placement of rows reduced nematode population levels only on one sampling date in one year, but end-of-season root galling and lint yield were not affected by changing the placement of rows, nor was the effect of fumigation on yield influenced by row placement. Therefore, row placement is unlikely to contribute to M. incognita management in cotton. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Davis, RF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Richard.Davis@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 197 EP 200 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 410KB UT WOS:000263574800005 PM 19440259 ER PT J AU Nyczepir, AP Wood, BW AF Nyczepir, A. P. Wood, B. W. TI Interaction of Concurrent Populations of Meloidogyne partityla and Mesocriconema xenoplax on Pecan SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carya illinoinensis; concomitance; host-parasitic relationship; interaction; Meloidogyne partityla; Mesocriconema xenoplax; mouse-ear; nickel deficiency; pecan; ring nematode; root-knot nematode ID MOUSE-EAR; CRICONEMELLA-XENOPLAX; NICKEL DEFICIENCY; PHENOTYPES; INCOGNITA AB The effect of the interaction between Meloidogyne partityla and Mesocriconema xenoplax on nematode reproduction and vegetative growth of Carya illinoinensis 'Desirable' pecan was studied in field microplots. Meloidogyne partityle suppressed reproduction of M. xenoplax, whereas the presence of M. xenoplax did not affect the population density of M. partityla second-stage juveniles in soil Above-grounded tree growth, as measured by trunk diameter 32 months following incoculation, was reduced in the presence of M. partiyle alone or in combination with M. xenoplax as compared with the uninoculated control trees. The interaction between M. partityla alone or M. xenoplax was significant for dry root weight 37 months after incoulation. Results indicate that the presence of the two nematode species together caused a greater reduction in root growth than M. xenoplax alone, but not when compared to ill. partityla alone. Mouse-ear symptom severity in pecan leaves was increased in the presence of M. partityla compared with M. xenoplax and the uninoculated control. Infection with M. partityla increased severity of mouse-ear symptoms expressed by foliage. The greater negative impact of M. partilyla on vegetative growth of pecan seedlings in field microplots indicates that it is likely a more detrimental pathogen to pecan than is M. xenoplax and is likely an economic pest of pecan. C1 [Nyczepir, A. P.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Nyczepir, AP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Andy.Nyczepir@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 221 EP 225 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 410KB UT WOS:000263574800009 PM 19440263 ER PT J AU Sinke, AP Jayakumar, AR Panickar, KS Moriyama, M Reddy, PVB Norenberg, MD AF Sinke, Anne P. Jayakumar, Arumugam R. Panickar, Kiran S. Moriyama, Mitsuaki Reddy, Pichili V. B. Norenberg, Michael D. TI NF kappa B in the mechanism of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling in culture SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ammonia; astrocyte swelling; inducible nitric oxide synthase; mitogen-activated protein kinases; nuclear factor kappa B; oxidative stress ID ACUTE LIVER-FAILURE; FULMINANT HEPATIC-FAILURE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; CEREBRAL CORTICAL SLICES; BRAIN EDEMA; PORTACAVAL ANASTOMOSIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CURRENT MANAGEMENT AB Astrocyte swelling and brain edema are major neuropathological findings in the acute form of hepatic encephalopathy (fulminant hepatic failure), and substantial evidence supports the view that elevated brain ammonia level is an important etiological factor in this condition. Although the mechanism by which ammonia brings about astrocyte swelling remains to be determined, oxidative/nitrosative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have been considered as important elements in this process. One factor known to be activated by both oxidative stress and MAPKs is nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B), a transcription factor that activates many genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). As the product of NOS, nitric oxide (NO), is known to cause astrocyte swelling, we examined the potential involvement of NF kappa B in ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling. Western blot analysis of cultured astrocytes showed a significant increase in NF kappa B nuclear translocation (a measure of NF kappa B activation) from 12 h to 2 days after treatment with NH(4)Cl (5 mM). Cultures treated with anti-oxidants, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and vitamin E as well as the MAPKs inhibitors, SB239063 (an inhibitor of p38-MAPK) and SP600125 (an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase), significantly diminished NF kappa B activation by ammonia, supporting a role of oxidative stress and MAPKs in NF kappa B activation. The activation of NF kappa B was associated with increased NOS protein expression and NO generation, and these changes were blocked by BAY 11-7082, an inhibitor of NF kappa B. Additionally, ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling was inhibited by the NF kappa B inhibitors, BAY 11-7082 and SN-50, thereby implicating NF kappa B in the mechanism of astrocyte swelling. Our studies indicate that cultured astrocytes exposed to ammonia display NF kappa B activation, which is likely to be a consequence of oxidative stress and activation of MAPKs. NF kappa B activation appears to contribute to the mechanism of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling, apparently through its up-regulation of iNOS protein expression and the subsequent generation of NO. C1 [Sinke, Anne P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Jayakumar, Arumugam R.; Panickar, Kiran S.; Moriyama, Mitsuaki; Reddy, Pichili V. B.; Norenberg, Michael D.] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33101 USA. [Panickar, Kiran S.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Moriyama, Mitsuaki] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Lab Integrat Physiol Vet Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Norenberg, Michael D.] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Miami, FL USA. [Norenberg, Michael D.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Miami, FL 33125 USA. RP Norenberg, MD (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol D33, POB 016960, Miami, FL 33101 USA. EM mnorenbe@med.miami.edu OI Moriyama, Mitsuaki/0000-0001-8123-8835 FU Department of Veterans Affairs and by National Institutes of Health [DK063311]; American Association for the Study of Liver Disease/American Liver Foundation FX This work was supported by a Merit Review from the Department of Veterans Affairs and by National Institutes of Health Grant DK063311. ARJ is supported by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease/American Liver Foundation Grant. We thank Alina Femandez-Revuelta for the preparation of cell cultures. NR 59 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 106 IS 6 BP 2302 EP 2311 DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05549.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 353BV UT WOS:000259542000004 PM 18662246 ER PT J AU Maddineni, S Ocon-Grove, OM Krzysik-Walker, SM Hendricks, GL Proudman, JA Ramachandran, R AF Maddineni, S. Ocon-Grove, O. M. Krzysik-Walker, S. M. Hendricks, G. L., III Proudman, J. A. Ramachandran, R. TI Gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone receptor expression in the chicken pituitary gland: Potential influence of sexual maturation and ovarian steroids SO JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oestradiol; progesterone; LH; FSH; sexual maturation ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; PROLACTIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; HYPOTHALAMIC NEUROPEPTIDE; GROWTH-HORMONE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; OVULATORY CYCLE; JAPANESE-QUAIL; BETA-SUBUNIT; MALE-RAT; IDENTIFICATION AB Gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a hypothalamic RFamide, has been found to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland originally in birds and, subsequently, in mammalian species. The gene encoding a transmembrane receptor for GnIH (GnIHR) was recently identified in the brain, pituitary gland and gonads of song bird, chicken and Japanese quail. The objectives of the present study are to characterise the expression of GnIHR mRNA and protein in the chicken pituitary gland, and to determine whether sexual maturation and gonadal steroids influence pituitary GnIHR mRNA abundance. GnIHR mRNA quantity was found to be significantly higher in diencephalon compared to either anterior pituitary gland or ovaries. GnIHR mRNA quantity was significantly higher in the pituitaries of sexually immature chickens relative to sexually mature chickens. Oestradiol or a combination of oestradiol and progesterone treatment caused a significant decrease in pituitary GnIHR mRNA quantity relative to vehicle controls. GnIHR-immunoreactive (ir) cells were identified in the chicken pituitary gland cephalic and caudal lobes. Furthermore, GnIHR-ir cells were found to be colocalised with luteinising hormone (LH)beta mRNA-, or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)beta mRNA-containing cells. GnIH treatment significantly decreased LH release from anterior pituitary gland slices collected from sexually immature, but not from sexually mature chickens. Taken together, GnIHR gene expression is possibly down regulated in response to a surge in circulating oestradiol and progesterone levels as the chicken undergoes sexual maturation to allow gonadotrophin secretion. Furthermore, GnIHR protein expressed in FSH beta or LH beta mRNA-containing cells is likely to mediate the inhibitory effect of GnIH on LH and FSH secretion. C1 [Maddineni, S.; Ocon-Grove, O. M.; Krzysik-Walker, S. M.; Hendricks, G. L., III; Ramachandran, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Proudman, J. A.] USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Ramachandran, R (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM Rameshr@psu.edu NR 46 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0953-8194 J9 J NEUROENDOCRINOL JI J. Neuroendocrinol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1078 EP 1088 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01765.x PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 336QQ UT WOS:000258380100007 PM 18638025 ER PT J AU Perez-Martinez, P Lopez-Miranda, J Cruz-Teno, C Delgado-Lista, J Jimenez-Gomez, Y Fernandez, JM Gomez, MJ Marin, C Perez-Jimenez, F Ordovas, JM AF Perez-Martinez, Pablo Lopez-Miranda, Jose Cruz-Teno, Cristina Delgado-Lista, Javier Jimenez-Gomez, Yolanda Marcelo Fernandez, Juan Jose Gomez, Maria Marin, Carmen Perez-Jimenez, Francisco Maria Ordovas, Jose TI Adiponectin gene variants are associated with insulin sensitivity in response to dietary fat consumption in caucasian men SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HIGH-MONOUNSATURATED FAT; HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PROXIMAL PROMOTER; APM1 GENE; PLASMA; RESISTANCE; OBESITY; POLYMORPHISMS AB Adiponectin (adipoQ) gene variants have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. Our aim was to examine whether the presence of several polymorphisms at the adipoQ gene locus (-11391 G > A, -1377 C > G, 45T > G, and 276G > T) influences the insulin sensitivity to dietary fat. Healthy volunteeers (30 men and 29 women) consumed 3 diets for 4 wk each: an initial period during which all subjects consumed a SFA-rich diet (38% total fat, 20 % SFA), followed by a carbohydrate-rich diet (CHO) (30% total fat, 55% carbohydrate) or a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich diet (38% total fat 22% MUFA) following randomized, crossover design. After participants consumed each diet, we tested peripheral insulin sensitivity with the insulin suppression test and measured plasma adiponectin concentrations. C/C homozygous men for the - 11377 C > G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) had a significantly greater decrease in the steady-state plasma glucose concentrations when changing from the SFA-rich (8.95 +/- 0.6 mmol/L) to the MUFA-rich (6.04 +/- 0.31 mmol/L) and CHO-rich (6.35 +/- 0.38 mmol/L) diets than did those carrying the minor G allele (SFA, 6.65 +/- 0.4 mmol/L; MUFA, 6.45 +/- 0.4 mmol/L; CHO, 5.83 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) (P sex x gene x diet interaction = 0.016). These differences did not occur in female participants. Furthermore, C/C men had lower plasma adiponectin concentrations than did C/C women (P sex x gene interaction = 0.015), independently of the dietary fat consumed. None of the variables examined were significantly associated with -11426 A > G, 45T > G, or 276 G > T SNP. In conclusion, C/C homozygous men for the -1137 C > G SNP at adipoQ gene were significantly less insulin resistant after identification of vulnerable populations or persons who will benefit from more personalized and mechanism-based dietary recommendations. C1 [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Lopez-Miranda, Jose; Cruz-Teno, Cristina; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Jimenez-Gomez, Yolanda; Marcelo Fernandez, Juan; Jose Gomez, Maria; Marin, Carmen; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain. [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Maria Ordovas, Jose] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Perez-Martinez, P (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain. EM pablopermar@yahoo.es OI Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Martinez, Pablo/0000-0001-7716-8117; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU CIBER [CBO/6/03]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CICYT [SAF 01/2466-C05 04, SAF 01/0366, AGL 2004-07907, AGL 2006-01979]; Spanish Ministry of Health [FIS 01/0449, FIS PI041619]; Fundacion Cultural "Hospital Reina Sofia-Cajasur"; Consejeria de Salud; Servicio Andaluz de Salud [00/212, 00/39, 01/239, 01/243, 02/64, 02/65, 02/78, 03/73, 03/75, 04/237, 04/191, 04/238, 05/396]; Consejeria de Educacion, Plan Andaluz de Investigacion, Universidad de Cordoba; NIH [HL54776, DK075030]; USDA Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX Supported by research grants from CIBER (CBO/6/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CICYT (SAF 01/2466-C05 04 to F.P-J., SAF 01/0366 to J.L-M., AGL 2004-07907 to J.L-M., AGL 2006-01979 to J.L-M the Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS 01/0449 and FIS PI041619 to C.M.); Fundacion Cultural "Hospital Reina Sofia-Cajasur"; Consejeria de Salud, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (00/212, 00/39, 01/239, 01/243, 02/64, 02/65, 02/78, 03/73, 03/75, 04/237, 04/191, 04/238, 05/396); Consejeria de Educacion, Plan Andaluz de Investigacion, Universidad de Cordoba; Centro Excelencia Investigadora Aceite de Oliva y Salud (Cl and by NIH grants HL54776 and DK075030 and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the USDA Research Service. NR 41 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1609 EP 1614 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000004 PM 18716158 ER PT J AU Grassi, D Desideri, G Necozione, S Lippi, C Casale, R Properzi, G Blumberg, JB Ferri, C AF Grassi, Davide Desideri, Giovambattista Necozione, Stefano Lippi, Cristina Casale, Raffaele Properzi, Giuliana Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Ferri, Claudio TI Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FLAVANOL-RICH COCOA; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DEPENDENT VASODILATION; NITRIC-OXIDE; VITAMIN-C; TOLERANCE; RESISTANCE; SECRETION; INDEXES AB Flavanols from chocolate appear to increase nitric oxide bioavailability, protect vascular endothelium, and decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. We sought to test the effect of flavanol-rich dark chocolate (FBDC) on endothelial function, insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, and blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). After a run-in phase, 19 hypertensives with IGT (11 males, 8 females, 44.8 +/- 8.0 y) were randomized to receive isocalorically either FRDC or flavanol-free white chocolate (FFWC) at 100 g/d for 15 d. After a washout period, patients were switched to the other treatment. Clinical and 24-h ambulatory BP was determined by sphygmometry and oscillometry, respectively, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), oral glucose tolerance test, serum cholesterol and C-reactive protein, and plasma homocysteine were evaluated after each treatment phase. FRDC but not FFWC ingestion decreased insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, P < 0.0001) and increased insulin sensitivity (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), ISIo; P < 0.05) and beta-cell function (corrected insulin response CIR120; P= 0.035). Systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP decreased (P< 0.0001) after FRDC (SBP, -3.82 +/- 2.40 mm Hg: DBP, -3.92 +/- 1.98 mm Hg; 24-h SBP, -4.52 +/- 3.94 mm Hg; 24-h DBP, -4.17 +/- 3.29 mm Hg) but not after FFWC. Further, FRDC increased FMD (P < 0.0001) and decreased total cholesterol (-6.5%; P < 0.0001), and LDL cholesterol (-7.5% ; P < 0.0001). Changes in insulin sensitivity (Delta ISI - Delta FMD: r = 0.510, P = 0.001; Delta QUICKI - Delta FMD: r = 0.502, P = 0.001) and beta-cell function (Delta CIR120 - A FMD: r = 0.400, P = 0.012) were directly correlated with increases in FMD and inversely correlated with decreases in BP (Delta ISI - Delta 24-h SBP: r -0.368, P = 0,022, Delta ISI - Delta 24-h DBP r = -0.384, P = 0.017). Thus, FRDC ameliorated insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function, decreased BP, and increased FMD in IGT hypertensive patients. These findings suggest flavanol-rich, low-energy cocoa food products may have a positive impact on CVD risk factors. C1 [Grassi, Davide; Desideri, Giovambattista; Necozione, Stefano; Lippi, Cristina; Casale, Raffaele; Properzi, Giuliana; Ferri, Claudio] Univ Aquila, Dept Internal Med & Publ Hlth, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Grassi, D (reprint author), Univ Aquila, Dept Internal Med & Publ Hlth, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. EM davide.grassi@cc.univaq.it RI Grassi, Davide/O-6519-2015; OI Grassi, Davide/0000-0003-1005-4689; Ferri, Claudio/0000-0002-3594-2503; NECOZIONE, Stefano/0000-0003-2501-1665 FU Italian Ministero della Universitae della Ricerca Scientifica; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-4-401] FX Supported by the Italian Ministero della Universitae della Ricerca Scientifica. Support for J. B. Blumberg was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no. 58-1950-4-401. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 43 TC 206 Z9 209 U1 7 U2 64 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1671 EP 1676 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000014 PM 18716168 ER PT J AU Mills, JP Simon, PW Tanumihardjo, SA AF Mills, Jordan P. Simon, Philipp W. Tanumihardjo, Sherry A. TI Biofortified carrot intake enhances liver antioxidant capacity and vitamin A status in Mongolian gerbils SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BETA-CAROTENE; MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALPHA-CAROTENE; PURPLE CARROTS; IN-VITRO; FED RATS; LYCOPENE; PLASMA; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Biofortification efforts have increased concentrations of bioactive compounds in carrots. We measured the antioxicant potential and vitamin A bioefficacy of 4 biofortified carrot varieties [purple/orange, purple/orange/red, orange/red, and orange] in Mongolian gerbils (n = 73). Following a 4-wk vitamin A depletion period and baseline kill (n - 7), freeze-dried carrot powders were mixed into purified feeds and fed to 6 groups (n = 11/group) for 4 wk. White carrot-fed control and vitamin A-supplemented groups were used to calculate carrot provitamin A bioefficacy. Antioxicant capacities of carrot powders, sera, and livers were determined using the 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization assay and carotenoid and retinol concentrations were determined by HPLC. Antioxicant capacity of liver extracts from the 4 colored carrot-fed groups [10.1 +/- 1.2 mu mol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/gl was significantly higher than the white carrot-fed control group (9.3 +/- 0.9 mu mol TEAC/g) and vitamin A-supplemerted group (8.8 +/- 1.4 mu mol TEAC/g) (P < 0.05). Liver retinol stores in the colored carrot-fed groups (0.62 +/- 0.13 to 0.67 +/- 0.08 mu mol retinol/liver) did not differ and were higher than the white carrot-fed control group (0.32 +/- 0.08 mu mol retinol/g) (P < 0.0001). Serum antioxicant capacity and retinol did not differ among treatment groups. Liver antioxicant capacity and vitamin A stores were higher in gerbils fed colored carrots than in those fed white carrots. Antioxidant activity is one of several proposed mechanisms by which plant foods, like biofortified carrots, may provide additional health benefits beyond maintenance of vitamin A status. C1 [Mills, Jordan P.; Tanumihardjo, Sherry A.] Univ Wisconsin, Interdept Grad Program Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Tanumihardjo, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Interdept Grad Program Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM sherry@nutrisci.wisc.edu FU University of Wisconsin-Graduate School [118-0617]; Standard Process, Inc., Palmyra, WI; Hatch Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station [WIS04975] FX Supported by the industrial and Economic Development Research Program of the University of Wisconsin-Graduate School 118-0617, Standard Process, Inc., Palmyra, WI; and Hatch Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station WIS04975. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1692 EP 1698 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000017 PM 18716171 ER PT J AU Freedman, LS Guenther, PN Krebs-Smith, SM Kott, PS AF Freedman, Laurence S. Guenther, Patricia N. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Kott, Phillip S. TI A population's mean Healthy Eating Index-2005 scores are best estimated by the score of the population ratio when one 24-hour recall is available SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOODS AB he USDA Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) is a tool to quantify and evaluate the quality of diet consumed by the U.S. population. It comprises 12 components, expressed as ratios of a food group or nutrient to energy intake. The components are scored on a scale from 0 to M, where M is 5, 10, or 20. Ideally, the HEI-2005 is calculated or the basis of the usual dietary intake of an individual. Intake data, collected via a 24-h recall, are often available for only 1 d for each individual. In this article, we examine how best to estimate a population's mean usual HEI-2005 component and total scores when 1 d of dietary information is available for a sample of individuals from the population. Three methods are considered: the mean of individual scores, the score of the mean of individual ratios, and the score of the ratio of total food group or nutrient intake to total energy intake, which we call the Population ratio. We investigate via computer simulation which method is the least biased. The simulations are based on statistical modeling of the distributions of intakes reported by 738 women participating in the Eating at America's Table Study. The results show that overall, the score of the population ratio is the preferred method. We therefore recommend that the quality of the U.S. population's diet be assessed and monitored using this method. C1 [Freedman, Laurence S.] Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, IL-52161 Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Guenther, Patricia N.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Krebs-Smith, Susan M.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kott, Phillip S.] Natl Agr Stat Serv, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Freedman, LS (reprint author), Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, IL-52161 Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM lsf@actcom.co.il FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 8 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1725 EP 1729 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000022 PM 18716176 ER PT J AU King, JG Blumberg, J Ingwersen, L Jenab, M Tucker, KL AF King, Janet G. Blumberg, Jeffrey Ingwersen, Linda Jenab, Mazda Tucker, Katherine L. TI Tree nuts and peanuts as components of a healthy diet SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Nuts and Health Symposium CY FEB 28-MAR 02, 2007 CL Davis, CA SP USDA, ARS Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Int Tree Nut Council Nutr Res & Educat Fdn, Peanut Inst ID US ADULTS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; UNITED-STATES; MAGNESIUM; FOODS; CONSUMPTION; DISEASE; RESVERATROL; CAPACITIES; PREVENTION AB Nuts have been part of the diet for thousands of years. In 2003, a Qualified Health Claim was approved, stating that eating 1.5 oz (42 g) of nuts per day may reduce the risk of heart disease. Usual intakes fall short of this recommendation. About one-third of Americans report consuming nuts (tree nuts or peanuts) on any one day. Seven percent of Europeans report eating nuts, but the amount eater by European nut consumers (31 g/d) is larger than that of Americans (21 g/d). Nuts are an excellent source of vitamin E and magnesium. Individuals consuming nuts also have higher intakes of folate,,beta-carotene, vitamin K, lutein+zeaxanthin, phosphorus, copper, selenium, potassium, and zinc per 1000 kcal. Regular nut consumption increases total energy intake by 250 kcal/d (1.05 MJ/d), but the body weight of nut consumers is not greater than that of nonconsumers. Nuts are an excellent source of phytochemicals (phyotsterols, phenolic acids, flavoncids, stilbenes, and carotenoids). The total phenolic constituents probably contribute to the total antioxidant capacity of nuts, which is comparable to broccoli and tornatoes. To improve guidance on the use of nuts in the diet, the position of nuts in typical food patterns needs to be addressed, The 2005 MyPyramid includes nuts in the meat and beans group. Yet, nuts are rarely consumed as meat substitutes. Because similar to 60% of the nuts consumed in the U.S. are eaten as snacks, emphasizing their use as a healthy snack may be more effective than inclusion within a food group. C1 [King, Janet G.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94690 USA. [Blumberg, Jeffrey] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ingwersen, Linda] Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jenab, Mazda] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69008 Lyon, France. RP King, JG (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94690 USA. EM jking@chori.org RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 28 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1736S EP 1740S PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000025 PM 18716178 ER PT J AU Allen, LH AF Allen, Lindsay H. TI Priority areas for research on the intake, composition, and health effects of tree nuts and peanuts SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Nuts and Health Symposium CY FEB 28-MAR 02, 2007 CL Davis, CA SP USDA, ARS Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Int Tree Nut Council Nutr Res & Educat Fdn, Peanut Inst AB This article summarizes the main conclusions drawn from a conference on the health effects of nut consumption and identifies priority areas for future research. Individuals with higher intakes of nuts generally have higher intakes of many beneficial dietary constituents. More information is needed on nut composition, the bioavailability of nutrients, and other bioactive constituents, Better methods are needed to assess usual nut intake, including biomarkers, and the types, physical form, and amounts of nuts that are consumed. The feasibility of including nuts and seeds as a separate food group in the Dietary Guidelines should be tested, as should ways to increase nut intake. A moderate intake of nuts call be included in a weight loss regimen and further information is needed on whether nuts improve satiety as well as adherence to and efficacy of diets designed for weight reduction. There is substantial evidence that nut consumption reduces risk of cardiovascular disease. Future research should investigate their benefits for prevention of congestive heart failure, including clinical studies in patients with this condition, to evaluate the effects of nuts on markers of heart disease risk. Higher nut consumption is associated with lower risk of diabetes and associated cardiovascular disease. More remains to be learned about the effects of nuts oil postprandial glycemic and insulin response, glycemic control, and improvement of disease risk factors in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes. Information is needed on nut-induced allergic reactions, including their prevalence and consequences, causes of sensitization, biomarkers of severe reactions, and cross-reactivity to different types of nuts. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Allen, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM lindsay.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 138 IS 9 BP 1763S EP 1765S PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342RU UT WOS:000258802000030 PM 18716183 ER PT J AU Qin, J Yeum, KJ Johnson, EJ Krinsky, NI Russell, RM Tang, GW AF Qin, Jian Yeum, Kyung-Jin Johnson, Elizabeth J. Krinsky, Norman I. Russell, Robert M. Tang, Guangwen TI Deten-nination of 9-cis beta-carotene and zeta-carotene in biological samples SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 9-cis beta-carotene; zeta-carotene; serum; breast milk; adipose tissue ID BREAST ADIPOSE-TISSUE; RETINOIC ACID; HUMAN SERUM; LYCOPENE; IDENTIFICATION; SEPARATION; ISOMERS; PLASMA; TRANS; JUICE AB Concentrations of 9-cis beta-carotene (9-cis beta C) and zeta-carotene zeta C in biological samples may provide crucial information on the biological activities of these carotenoids. However, in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) these carotenoids are often co-eluted. Therefore, there is an Urgent need to develop a method for 9-cis beta C and zeta C quantitation. Both 9-cis beta C and zeta C have peak absorbance at 400 and 450 nm, respectively, whereas only 9-cis beta C has peak absorbance at 475 rim. We developed a HPLC method to quantitate 9-cis beta C and zeta C by using peak absorbance ratios. The 9-cis [beta C/zeta C peak area was monitored at 475, 450 and 400 nm. The 9-cis beta C was quantified by using absorbance value at 475 nm; C was then calculated from the 9-cis beta C/zeta C peak at 400 nm by subtracting 9-cis beta C contribution at 400 run using the 400-nm/475-nm peak absorbance ratio of 9-cis beta C (0.39). This method was applied to determine 9-cis beta C and zeta C concentrations in serum and breast milk samples (n=12) from American lactating women and serum and breast adipose tissue samples (n=16) from Korean women with either benign or malignant breast tumors. 9-cis JC concentrations in serum and breast milk of American women, and serum and adipose tissue of Korean women were 7.1 +/- 0.8 and 1.1 +/- 0.2 nM, and 15.6 +/- 1.1 nM and 0.2 +/- 1.0. nmol/g, respectively. C concentrations in the above samples were 54.2 +/- 7.2 and 8.3 +/- 1.8 nM, and 49.0 +/- 3.9 nM and 0.3 +/- 0.1 nmol/g, respectively. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Qin, Jian; Yeum, Kyung-Jin; Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Krinsky, Norman I.; Russell, Robert M.; Tang, Guangwen] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Krinsky, Norman I.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Tang, GW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM guangwen.tang@tufts.edu NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 19 IS 9 BP 612 EP 618 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.08.006 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 342ME UT WOS:000258787400006 PM 18280136 ER PT J AU Hughes, SR Dowd, PF Hector, RE Panavas, T Sterner, DE Qureshi, N Bischoff, KM Bang, SS Mertens, JA Johnson, ET Li, XL Jackson, JS Caughey, RJ Riedmuller, SB Bartolett, S Liu, S Rich, JO Farrelly, PJ Butt, TR Labaer, J Cotta, MA AF Hughes, Stephen R. Dowd, Patrick F. Hector, Ronald E. Panavas, Tadas Sterner, David E. Qureshi, Nasib Bischoff, Kenneth M. Bang, Sookie S. Mertens, Jeffrey A. Johnson, Eric T. Li, Xin-Liang Jackson, John S. Caughey, Robert J. Riedmuller, Steven B. Bartolett, Scott Liu, Siqing Rich, Joseph O. Farrelly, Philip J. Butt, Tauseef R. Labaer, Joshua Cotta, Michael A. TI Lycotoxin-1 insecticidal peptide optimized by amino acid scanning mutagenesis and expressed as a coproduct in an ethanologenic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain SO JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE insecticidal peptide; amino acid scanning mutagenesis; SUMO high-level yeast expression system; fuel ethanol coproduct ID ANAEROBIC XYLOSE FERMENTATION; CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDES; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; SPIDER NEUROTOXINS; CALCIUM-CHANNELS; YEAST; RESISTANCE; ISOMERASE; PLASMID; PROTEIN AB New methods of safe biological pest control are required as a result of evolution of insect resistance to current biopesticides. Yeast strains being developed for conversion of cellulosic biomass to ethanol are potential host systems for expression of commercially valuable peptides, such as bioinsecticides, to increase the cost-effectiveness of the process. Spider venom is one of many potential sources of novel insect-specific peptide toxins. Libraries of mutants of the small amphipathic peptide lycotoxin-1 from the wolf spider were produced in high throughput using an automated integrated plasmid-based functional proteomic platform and screened for ability to kill fall armyworms, a significant cause of damage to corn (maize) and other crops in the United States. Using amino acid scanning mutagenesis (AASM) we generated a library of mutagenized lycotoxin-1 open reading frames (ORF) in a novel small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) yeast expression system. The SUMO technology enhanced expression and improved generation of active lycotoxins. The mutants were engineered to be expressed at high level inside the yeast and ingested by the insect before being cleaved to the active form (so-called Trojan horse strategy). These yeast strains expressing mutant toxin ORFs were also carrying the xylose isomerase (XI) gene and were capable of aerobic growth on xylose. Yeast cultures expressing the peptide toxins were prepared and fed to armyworm larvae to identify the mutant toxins with greatest lethality. The most lethal mutations appeared to increase the ability of the toxin alpha-helix to interact with insect cell membranes or to increase its pore-forming ability, leading to cell lysis. The toxin peptides have potential as value-added coproducts to increase the cost-effectiveness of fuel ethanol bioproduction. Copyright (c) 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Jackson, John S.; Liu, Siqing; Rich, Joseph O.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Dowd, Patrick F.; Johnson, Eric T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hector, Ronald E.; Qureshi, Nasib; Mertens, Jeffrey A.; Li, Xin-Liang; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Panavas, Tadas; Butt, Tauseef R.] LifeSensors Inc, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [Sterner, David E.] Progenra Inc, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [Bang, Sookie S.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Caughey, Robert J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. [Riedmuller, Steven B.; Bartolett, Scott; Farrelly, Philip J.] Hudson Control Grp Inc, Springfield, NJ 07081 USA. [Labaer, Joshua] Harvard Inst Proteom, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229; Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 FU SBIR Phase I CSREES [2006-33610-16796] FX We thank Karen Hughes for critical reading and formatting of the manuscript. We also thank Jennifer Steele for help with the sequencing work. The assistance of Watson Chau in performing the molecular biology procedures is greatly appreciated. We would like to acknowledge Don Fraser for his illustration work on the figures and tables. In addition, the assistance of Deb Palmquist, Midwest Area Biometrician, with the statistical analyses is gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported in part by SBIR Phase I CSREES Grant Award: 2006-33610-16796. NR 51 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1075-2617 J9 J PEPT SCI JI J. Pept. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1039 EP 1050 DI 10.1002/psc.1040 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 350VV UT WOS:000259382600005 PM 18465835 ER PT J AU Beaver, JS Porch, TG Zapata, M AF Beaver, J. S. Porch, T. G. Zapata, M. TI Registration of 'Verano' White Bean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID COMMON BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; GOLDEN MOSAIC-VIRUS; PUERTO-RICO; RESISTANCE; SELECTION; GENE AB 'Verano', Reg. No. CV-282, PI 653706, a multiple disease resistant white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar adapted to the humid tropics, was developed and released in 2007 cooperatively by the University of Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS. Verano has tolerance to high temperature and resistance to Bean golden yellow mosaic virus, a whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)]-transmitted begomovirus, Bean common mosaic virus, and common bacterial blight [caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye]. The release and adoption of a high temperature-tolerant cultivar such as Verano will improve yield and seed quality of green-shelled beans produced in Puerto Rico. Verano possesses traits that may be useful to breeding programs where high temperature, viral diseases, and common bacterial blight limit bean production. C1 [Beaver, J. S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agron & Soils, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Porch, T. G.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Zapata, M.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop Protect, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Beaver, JS (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agron & Soils, POB 9030, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. EM jbeaver@uprm.edu NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 187 EP 189 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.02.0110crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600004 ER PT J AU Erickson, CA Obert, DE Burrup, DE Blake, TK Dillon, MA Wesenberg, DM Whitmore, JC AF Erickson, Charles A. Obert, Don E. Burrup, David E. Blake, Tom K. Dillon, Merlin A. Wesenberg, Darrell M. Whitmore, James C. TI Registration of 'Maverick' Oat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Maverick' spring oat (Avena sativa L.) (Reg. No. CV-375, PI 652940) was developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) and jointly released in 2007 by the USDA-ARS, the Idaho AES, the Montana AES, and the Colorado AES. Maverick derives from the cross 80Ab988/'Monida' made in 1984 at Aberdeen, ID. Maverick was developed using a modified bulk selection program and selected as an F 5:6 head row at Aberdeen, ID, in 1990 and was given the selection designation of 90Ab1322. Maverick is a short-strawed oat cultivar suited to irrigated and higher moisture areas in Colorado, Idaho, and Montana. It is a white hulled, high-protein type favored in the equine industry. C1 [Erickson, Charles A.; Obert, Don E.; Burrup, David E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Blake, Tom K.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Dillon, Merlin A.] Colorado State Univ, San Luis Valley Res Ctr, Center, CO 81125 USA. [Whitmore, James C.] Univ Idaho, Tetonia Res & Ext Ctr, Tetonia, ID 83436 USA. RP Erickson, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Charles.Erickson@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 194 EP 196 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0121crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600006 ER PT J AU Erickson, CA Obert, DE Burrup, DE Blake, TK Dillon, MA Wesenberg, DM Whitmore, JC AF Erickson, Charles A. Obert, Don E. Burrup, Dave E. Blake, Tom K. Dillon, Merlin A. Wesenberg, Darrell M. Whitmore, James C. TI Registration of 'Monico' Oat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Monico' spring oat (Avena sativa L.) (Reg. No. CV-376, PI 652941) was developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) and jointly released by the USDA-ARS, the Idaho AES, the Montana AES, and the Colorado AES in 2007. Monico was developed using a modified bulk selection program. It is a F 4 spaced-plant selection from the cross 83Ab3119/'Monida' harvested in 1993 at Aberdeen, ID. The parent 83Ab3119 had the pedigree of 'Cayuse'/76Ab6843 ('Appaloosa'/3/'Otana'//Coker X848-1-1-2/Cayuse). Monico is an early to midseason, relatively tall spring oat with excellent yield potential under both irrigated and rainfed conditions in Montana, Idaho, and Colorado. C1 [Erickson, Charles A.; Obert, Don E.; Burrup, Dave E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Blake, Tom K.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Dillon, Merlin A.] Colorado State Univ, San Luis Valley Res Ctr, Center, CO 81125 USA. [Whitmore, James C.] Univ Idaho, Tetonia Res & Ext Ctr, Tetonia, ID 83436 USA. RP Erickson, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Charles.Erickson@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 197 EP 199 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0122crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600007 ER PT J AU Mian, MAR Cooper, RL Dorrance, AE AF Mian, M. A. Rouf Cooper, Richard L. Dorrance, Anne E. TI Registration of 'Prohio' Soybean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID YIELD SELECTION AB 'Prohio' soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. No. CV-497, PI 643146) was developed jointly by the USDA-ARS and The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) in Wooster, OH, and was released as a high-yielding maturity group IV (relative maturity 4.1) non-Roundup Ready cultivar with relatively high seed protein. Prohio is a selection from a cross between HC94-81PR x 'A2506'. Both in the 2004 northern Regional Preliminary Test IV and in the 2005 northern Regional Uniform Test IV, Prohio had the greatest seed protein, while its oil content was slightly above the average for these tests. In South Region normal varieties evaluation of 2005 Ohio Soybean Performance Trials, Prohio had higher yields than all other public varieties in the test and had numerically highest seed protein among all lines in the trial. Prohio is a relatively high protein soybean cultivar with high yield potential, particularly in southern Ohio. C1 [Mian, M. A. Rouf; Cooper, Richard L.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf; Cooper, Richard L.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dorrance, Anne E.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 208 EP 210 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.09.0531crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600010 ER PT J AU Haley, SD Johnson, JJ Peairs, FB Quick, JS Stromberger, JA Butler, JD Miller, HR Heaton, EE Rudolph, JB Seabourn, BW Bai, GH Jin, Y Kolmer, JA Chen, XM AF Haley, Scott D. Johnson, Jerry J. Peairs, Frank B. Quick, James S. Stromberger, John A. Butler, Joshua D. Miller, Hayley R. Heaton, Emily E. Rudolph, Jeff B. Seabourn, Bradford W. Bai, Guihua Jin, Yue Kolmer, James A. Chen, Xianming TI Registration of 'Bill Brown' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID CL WHEAT AB 'Bill Brown' (Reg. No. CV-133, PI 653260) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and released in August 2007 through an exclusive marketing agreement with the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. In addition to researchers at Colorado State University (CSU), USDA-ARS researchers at Manhattan, KS, St. Paul, MN, and Pullman, WA, participated in the development of Bill Brown. Bill Brown was selected from the cross 'Yumar/Arlin' made in 1997 at Fort Collins, CO. Bill Brown was selected as an F 5:6 line reselection in Yuma, AZ, in May 2003 and assigned experimental line number C001385-A1. Bill Brown was released because of its superior grain yield under nonirrigated and irrigated production in eastern Colorado, high grain volume weight, resistance to leaf (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (P. striiformis Westend.), and superior milling and bread baking quality. The name Bill Brown was chosen to honor the memory of former CSU Extension Plant Pathologist Dr. William M. Brown. C1 [Haley, Scott D.; Johnson, Jerry J.; Quick, James S.; Stromberger, John A.; Butler, Joshua D.; Miller, Hayley R.; Heaton, Emily E.] Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci Dep, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Peairs, Frank B.; Rudolph, Jeff B.] Colorado State Univ, Bioagr Sci & Pest Management Dep, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Seabourn, Bradford W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kolmer, James A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Haley, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Soil & Crop Sci Dep, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM scott.haley@colostate.edu RI Haley, Scott/C-1228-2013 FU Colorado Agricultural Experiment [795, 646]; Colorado Wheat Administrative Committee; Colorado Wheat Research Foundation FX Bill Brown was developed with financial support from Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station Projects 795 and 646, the Colorado Wheat Administrative Committee, and the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 218 EP 223 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0133crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600012 ER PT J AU Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Stack, RW Rasmussen, JW Friesen, TL AF Mergoum, Mohamed Frohberg, Richard C. Stack, Robert W. Rasmussen, Jack W. Friesen, Timothy L. TI Registration of 'Faller' Spring Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; TAN SPOT; RESISTANCE; CULTIVARS AB 'Faller'(Reg. No. CV-1026, PI 648350) hard red spring wheat (HRSW) (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed at North Dakota State University (NDSU) and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (NDAES). Faller was derived from the ND2857/ND2814 cross made at NDSU in fall 1997. ND2857 (ND2709/ND688) is a hard red spring experimental line with good resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph Gibberefla zeae (Schwein.) Petch]) originating from ND2709, a line known to possess the Fhb1 quantitative trait locus derived from 'Sumai3' (PI 481542). Sumai3, a spring wheat from China, is arguably the most widely used source of resistance to FHB in the world. Both ND2709 and ND688 are HRSW experimental lines developed by the NDSU breeding program. ND2814 ('Kitt' [PI 5188181/'Amidon' [PI 527682]/3/'Grandin'[Pi 531005]/'Stoa S' [PI 5202971) is an HRSW line developed by the NDSU HRSW breeding program. Kitt is an HRSW cultivar released in 1975 by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS, while Amidon, Grandin, and Stoa are HRSW cultivars released by NDAES in 1988, 1989, 1984, respectively. Faller was produced from a bulk of one purified F,:, plot selected in 2001 at Christchurch, New Zealand. Faller was released because it combines very high yield with good end-use quality and resistance to FHB and leaf diseases. C1 [Mergoum, Mohamed; Frohberg, Richard C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Rasmussen, Jack W.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Friesen, Timothy L.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND USA. RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, POB 5051, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM mohamed.mergoum@ndsu.nodak.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 224 EP 229 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0166crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600013 ER PT J AU Mornhinweg, DW Bregitzer, PP Porter, DR AF Mornhinweg, D. W. Bregitzer, P. P. Porter, D. R. TI Registration of Seven Spring Two-Rowed Barley Germplasm Lines Resistant to Russian Wheat Aphid SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID HOMOPTERA AB STARS 0637B (Reg. No. GP-189, PI 642923), STARS 0638B (Reg. No. GP-190, PI 642924), STARS 0639B (Reg. No. GP-191, PI 642925), STARS 0640B (Reg. No. GP-192, PI 642926), STARS 0641B (Reg. No. GP-193, PI 642927), STARS 0642B (Reg. No. GP-194, PI 642928), and STARS 0643B (Reg. No. GP-195, PI 642929), are spring, two-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS, in Stillwater, OK, and Aberdeen, ID, as sources of resistance to Russian wheat aphid (RWA) [Diuraphis noxia, (Mordvilko)]. Each resistant line is in one of three, two-rowed, feed barley cultivar backgrounds ('Bowman', 'Hector', or 'Otis'). They are comparable to their recurrent parents in yield, test weight, plant height, and heading date in the absence of RWA and superior in grain yield to their recurrent parents in the presence of RWA. C1 [Mornhinweg, D. W.; Porter, D. R.] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Bregitzer, P. P.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Mornhinweg, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM Do.Mornhinweg@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.12.0716crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600014 ER PT J AU Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC Gutierrez, OA Hayes, RW Bowman, DT Watson, CE Jones, DC AF Jenkins, J. N. McCarty, J. C., Jr. Gutierrez, O. A. Hayes, R. W. Bowman, D. T. Watson, C. E. Jones, D. C. TI Registration of RMUP-C5, a Random Mated Population of Upland Cotton Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE BLOCKS; BREAKUP AB RMUP-C5 (Random Mated Upland Population Cycle 5) (Reg. No. GP-893, PI 652942) is a unique random mated germplasm population of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) involving six cycles of random mating beginning with an 11 parent half diallel. This germplasm was developed through cooperative research by the USDA-ARS, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, North Carolina State Agricultural Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated. Parents used in development represented nonrelated or distantly related cultivars or breeding lines from across the U.S. Cotton Belt. The bulked pollen method of pollination was used in the development, and there were six cycles of random mating, with intercrossing of the F(1) considered cycle zero. Selfed seed of C(5)S(1) has been released. Changes in correlations between traits among parents, C(0), and C(5) cycles show that after random mating, the C(5) population has recombinations that should be useful for selection and cultivar development. Because this germplasm represents random mating among 11 very diverse breeding programs and includes parents from the major seed breeding companies, this population should be of value to breeders across the U.S. Cotton Belt. C1 [Jenkins, J. N.; McCarty, J. C., Jr.; Hayes, R. W.] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gutierrez, O. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Bowman, D. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Watson, C. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Agr & Forestry Expt Stn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Jenkins, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated FX Partial funding for the development and evaluation of this population was furnished by Cotton Incorporated. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 239 EP 242 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.02.0080crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600016 ER PT J AU Menkir, A Brown, RL Bandyopadhyay, R Cleveland, TE AF Menkir, Abebe Brown, Robert L. Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Registration of Six Tropical Maize Germplasm Lines with Resistance to Aflatoxin Contamination SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; KERNELS; ACCUMULATION; AFRICA AB Six tropical maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm lines, TZAR101 (Reg. No. GP-568, PI 654048), TZAR102 (Reg. No. GP-569, PI 654049), TZAR103 (Reg. No. GP-570, PI 654050), TZAR104 (Reg. No. GP-571, PI 654051), TZAR105 (Reg. No. GP-572, PI 654052), and TZAR106 (Reg. No. GP-573, PI 654053), with resistance to aflatoxin contamination were developed by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture through a collaborative breeding project with Southern Regional Research Center of the USDA-ARS. The lines were derived from biparental crosses and backcross populations involving aflatoxin-resistant tropical elite and temperate inbred lines as parents. These lines had aflatoxin levels similar to or lower than a resistant U.S. inbred check, M182, in both preliminary and confirmation tests conducted in the laboratory using a kernel-based screening assay. Further field tests of the six lines under artificial inoculation with an African strain of Aspergillus flavus in Nigeria revealed that these lines had lower levels of aflatoxin compared with elite tropical commercial inbred lines used as checks. These lines also had good agronomic traits and resistance to important diseases in the lowlands, including southern corn leaf blight [caused by Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado & Miyake) Shoemaker], southern corn rust (caused by Puccinia polysora Underw.), and ear rot. C1 [Menkir, Abebe; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Brown, Robert L.; Cleveland, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Menkir, A (reprint author), Int Inst Trop Agr, Oyo Rd,PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM a.menkir@cgiar.org FU FAS USDA-ARS; USAID; IITA FX This research was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture and financed by FAS USDA-ARS, USAID, and IITA. The authors express their appreciation to all staff members that participated during planting, data recording, harvesting, and management of the trials at the various locations. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 246 EP 250 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.01.0028crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600018 ER PT J AU Pinson, SRM Oard, JH Groth, D Miller, R Marchetti, MA Shank, AR Jia, MH Jia, Y Fjellstrom, RG Li, Z AF Pinson, S. R. M. Oard, J. H. Groth, D. Miller, R. Marchetti, M. A. Shank, A. R. Jia, M. H. Jia, Y. Fjellstrom, R. G. Li, Z. TI Registration of TIL:455, TIL:514, and TIL:642, Three Rice Germplasm Lines Containing Introgressed Sheath Blight Resistance Alleles SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-RESISTANCE; QTLS; LEMONT AB Three rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm lines designated as TIL455 (Reg. No. GP-112, PI 642943), TIL:514 (Reg. No. GP-113, PI 642944), and TIL:642 (Reg. No. GP-114, PI 642945) contain a total of eight novel alleles with sheath blight (caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) resistance backcrossed into an elite U.S. rice genetic background having good grain quality traits, early maturity, and glabrous leaves and hulls. These three germplasm lines were jointly released in 2007 by the USDA-ARS, the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, and the International Rice Research Institute. The novel sheath blight resistance alleles contained in these lines originated from 'TeQing'(PI 536047), a high-yielding rice cultivar from China that is well known in the United States for its strong resistance to sheath blight disease. With the aim of identifying improved germplasm suitable for introducing novel sheath blight resistance alleles into tropical japonica breeding programs, a combination of phenotypic and molecular data was used to select three lines from among 262 random backcross introgression lines. C1 [Pinson, S. R. M.; Marchetti, M. A.; Shank, A. R.; Fjellstrom, R. G.] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. [Oard, J. H.] LSU AgCtr, Agron Dep, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Groth, D.] LSU AgCtr, Rayne, LA 70578 USA. [Miller, R.] RiceTec Inc, Alvin, TX 77512 USA. [Jia, M. H.; Jia, Y.] USDA ARS DBNNRC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Li, Z.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Li, Z.] IRRI, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. RP Pinson, SRM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, 1509 Aggie Dr, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. EM shannon.pinson@ars.usda.gov FU The Rockefeller Foundation FX The Rockefeller Foundation is acknowledged for funding the initial backcrossing and molecular analyses that led to the development of the 262 introgression lines at IRRI. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 251 EP 254 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.11.0601crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600019 ER PT J AU Mian, MAR Cooper, RL Dorrance, AE AF Mian, M. A. Rouf Cooper, Richard L. Dorrance, Anne E. TI Registration of Stout-Rps1k Soybean Germplasm Line SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHYTOPHTHORA-SOJAE; RESISTANCE AB Stout-Rps1k soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]) (Reg. No. GP-360, PI 644024) germ plasm line was developed jointly by the USDA-ARS and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster, CH. It was released in October 2006 because it had the Rps1k gene for race-specific resistance to Phytophthora root and stem rot (caused by Phytophthora sojae, M.J. Kaufmann and JW. Gerdemann) in the semidwarf cultivar Stout. Stout-Rps1k, a maturity group III (RM 3.3) germplasm, was developed by backcrossing the Rps1k gene from cultivar Sprite 87 into Stout. BC5-derived lines homozygous for the Rps1k gene were bulked and evaluated for agronomic performance in local and regional tests. Agronomic performance of Stout-Rps1k was similar to the recurrent parent Stout. The Rps1k gene conditions resistance against a wider range of P. sojae populations in the north-central soybean growing region of the United States than the Rps1a gene. Thus, Stout-Rps1k should be useful for breeders and researchers interested in developing new soybean lines with broad resistance to P. sojae populations and specific adaptation to high-yield environments. C1 [Mian, M. A. Rouf; Cooper, Richard L.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf; Cooper, Richard L.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dorrance, Anne E.] Ohio State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res Unit, 215-A Williams Hall,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 255 EP 257 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.11.0620crg PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600020 ER PT J AU Pedersen, JF Toy, JJ Funnell, DL Sattler, SE Oliver, AL Grant, RA AF Pedersen, J. F. Toy, J. J. Funnell, D. L. Sattler, S. E. Oliver, A. L. Grant, R. A. TI Registration of BN611, AN612, BN612, and RN613 Sorghum Genetic Stocks with Stacked bmr-6 and bmr-12 Genes SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FORAGE SORGHUM; GRAIN-SORGHUM; MIDRIB; QUALITY; MUTANTS; SYSTEM; YIELD AB Four sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genetic stocks, BN611 (Reg. No. GS-140, PI 652943), AN612 (Reg. No. GS141, PI 652944), BN612 (Reg. No. GS-142, PI 652945), and RN613 (Reg. No. GS-143, PI 652946), with stacked brown midrib genes bmr-6 and bmr-12 were developed jointly by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, and were released in July 2006. The genetic stocks BN611, AN612 and BN612, and RN613 were tested as Atlas bmr-6 bmr-12, Wheatland bmr-6 bmr-12, and RTx430 bmr-6 bmr-12, respectively. Release of these genetic stocks makes stacked brown midrib genes, reported to reduce the activity of two enzymes important in lignin synthesis, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (bmr-6) and caffeic acid O-methyl transferase (bmr-12), available in a common forage sorghum, a common grain sorghum seed parent, and a common grain sorghum pollen parent background. The genetic stocks have immediate application for basic research involving lignin synthesis. C1 [Pedersen, J. F.; Toy, J. J.; Funnell, D. L.; Sattler, S. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Oliver, A. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Grant, R. A.] WH Miner Agr Res Inst, Chazy, NY 12921 USA. RP Pedersen, JF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 314 Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jeff.pedersen@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 BP 258 EP 262 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.01.0065crs PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AC UT WOS:000268932600021 ER PT J AU Ausman, LM Oliver, LM Goldin, BR Woods, MN Gorbach, SL Dwyer, JT AF Ausman, Lynne M. Oliver, Lauren M. Goldin, Barry R. Woods, Margo N. Gorbach, Sherwood L. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Estimated net acid excretion inversely correlates with urine pH in vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians, and omnivores SO JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CALCIUM-METABOLISM; BASE STATUS; PROTEIN; DIET; POTASSIUM; BALANCE; HUMANS; FOODS AB Objective: Diet affects urine pH and acid-base balance. Both excess acid/alkaline ash (EAA) and estimated net acid excretion (NAE) calculations have been used to estimate the effects of diet on urine pH. This study's goal was to determine if free-living vegans, lacto-ova vegetarians, and omnivores have increasingly acidic urine, and to assess the ability of EAA and estimated NAE calculations to predict urine pH. Design: This study used a cross-sectional design. Setting and Participants: This study assessed urine samples of 10 vegan, 16 lacto-ova vegetarian, and 16 healthy omnivorous women in the Boston metropolitan area. Six 3-day food records from each dietary group were analyzed for EAA content and estimated NAE, and correlations with measured urine pH were calculated. Results: The mean (+/- SD) urine pH was 6.15 +/- 0.40 for vegans, 5.90 +/- 0.36 for lacto-ova vegetarians, and 5.74 +/- 0.21 for omnivores (analysis of variance, P =.013). Calculated EAA values were not significantly different among the three groups, whereas mean estimated NAE values were significantly different: 17.3 +/- 14.5 mEq/day for vegans, 31.3 +/- 8.5 mEq/day for lacto-ova vegetarians, and 42.6 +/- 13.2 mEq/day for omnivores (analysis of variance, P =.01). The average deattenuated correlation between urine pH and EAA was 0.333; this value was -0.768 for estimated NAE and urine pH, with a regression equation of pH = 6.33 - 0.014 NAE (P =.02, r = -0.54). Conclusions: Habitual diet and estimated NAE calculations indicate the probable ranking of urine pH by dietary groups, and may be used to determine the likely acid-base status of an individual; EAA calculations were not predictive of urine pH. (C) 2008 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ausman, Lynne M.; Oliver, Lauren M.; Goldin, Barry R.; Woods, Margo N.; Gorbach, Sherwood L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ausman, Lynne M.; Goldin, Barry R.; Woods, Margo N.; Gorbach, Sherwood L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Family Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ausman, Lynne M.; Oliver, Lauren M.; Gorbach, Sherwood L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Ausman, Lynne M.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ausman, LM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM lynne.ausman@tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU Breast Cancer Task Force of the National Cancer Institute [CB 74104]; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This material is based on work supported by contract CB 74104 from the Breast Cancer Task Force of the National Cancer Institute and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect tire view of the US. Department of Agriculture. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1051-2276 J9 J RENAL NUTR JI J. Renal Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 5 BP 456 EP 465 DI 10.1053/j.jrn.2008.04.007 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA 348MQ UT WOS:000259215000009 PM 18721741 ER PT J AU Dvorak, NJ Riley, RT Harris, M McGregor, JA AF Dvorak, Natalia J. Riley, Ronald T. Harris, Mary McGregor, James A. TI Fumonisin mycotoxin contamination of corn-based foods consumed by potentially pregnant women in southern California SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE corn; folic acid; fumonisins; mycotoxins; neural tube defects ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; MEXICAN DESCENT; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; RISK-FACTOR; POPULATIONS; TORTILLAS; MAIZE AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a sample of locally available corn-based foods for fumonisin contamination. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed 38 corn tortilla and masa flour samples from Los Angeles, San Diego and Tijuana, Mexico, for fumonisin contamination. Retail sources were diverse and not limited to Hispanic neighborhoods. RESULTS: Fumonisins were found in all samples. The median fumonisin B1 mycotoxin level was 84 ng/g, with a range of 1-729 (n = 38). The median total fumonisin level was 231 ng/g, with a range of 2.8-1,863. Levels of fumonisins differed by geographic site. CONCLUSION: Fumonisin contamination of corn-based foods in southern California is common. At levels of contamination > 1,000 ng/g, a 60-kg potentially pregnant woman could exceed the World Health Organization recommendations by eating 120 g (dry weight) of corn products daily. Fumonisin contamination may constitute a preventable risk for NTDs among susceptible reproductive-age women and their progeny. C1 [McGregor, James A.] Univ So Calif, Womens & Childrens Hosp, Keck Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. USDA ARS SAA, RB Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP McGregor, JA (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Womens & Childrens Hosp, Keck Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1240 N Mission Rd,Room 5K-40, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM jamiemcgregor@earthlink.net NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 53 IS 9 BP 672 EP 676 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 350WA UT WOS:000259383100005 PM 18839819 ER PT J AU Ghebremichael, LT Veith, TL Hamlett, JM Gburek, WJ AF Ghebremichael, L. T. Veith, T. L. Hamlett, J. M. Gburek, W. J. TI Precision feeding and forage management effects on phosphorus loss modeled at a watershed scale SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE phosphorus loss; precision feed management; simulation; soil phosphorus; Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; MILK-PRODUCTION; DAIRY FARMS; SOIL; PERFORMANCE AB Delaware County and the Cornell Cooperative Extension of Delaware County of New York State have initiated a farm-scale precision feed management (PFM) program to g reduce soil-phosphorus build-up and phosphorus (P) losses to the Cannonsville Reservoir, a major supply source of New York City drinking water. The PFM program includes strategies that more precisely balance dairy cattle dietary P requirements with actual 1) intake and that improve on-farm forage production and utilization in the animal diet. The goal of the PFM program is to reduce manure P concentration, feed nutrients importation, P imbalance problems, and soil-P build-up While farm profitability In this study, Several PFM Strategies Were evaluated with respect to controlling P losses and soil-P build-up at both field and watershed scales using,, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Using the SWAT Model, manure With reduced P concentration was applied to cropland while grass-forage crop productivity was increased through N fertilizer application. The SWAT model g simulation revealed decreased particulate phosporous and soluble phosphorus losses by 22% and 13%, respectively Predicted reductions Of average, particulate phosphorus and Soluble phosphorus losses at the watershed outlet Were 16% and 13% respectively, over a three-year period, compared to the baseline (conditions before changes were implemented). Model results also demonstrated an appreciable decrease in field-level soil-P during the growing season, Indicating increased soil-P uptake by the unproved grass-forage. For the growing season, reductions tor predicted active and labile 11 pools were 11 and 5 mg kg(-1)(0.02 and 0.01 lb tn(-1)), respectively compared to the baseline. The corresponding reductions in field-level soil P were equivalent to 8 % and 7 %) for labile and active P pools, respectively. Overall, the PFM Strategies were found to have a potential for reducing soil-P build-tip and 11 losses both at field and watershed levels. Performing a model-based environmental evaluation of farm management Strategies at I watershed level helps to integrate farm management plan Smallest management unit) into watershed level planning. Also, evaluating fill-Ill management strategies at a watershed scale provides valuable and comprehensive information for assessment the potential for long-term, cost-effective, and permanent reduction of P loss from dairy agriculture to the Cannonsville Reservoir. C1 [Ghebremichael, L. T.; Veith, T. L.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. [Hamlett, J. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ghebremichael, LT (reprint author), USDA ARS, University Pk, PA USA. RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 FU Watershed Agricultural Council, Walton. New York FX Contributions were provided by the Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit. USDA Agricultural Research Service. University Park. PennsvIvania The authors also acknowledge financial and technical support for this project front the Watershed Agricultural Council, Walton. New York. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 17 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 63 IS 5 BP 280 EP 291 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.5.280 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 344PE UT WOS:000258939000012 ER PT J AU Owens, LB Shipitalo, MJ Bonta, JV AF Owens, L. B. Shipitalo, M. J. Bonta, J. V. TI Water quality response times to pasture management changes in small and large watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE base flow; Conservation Effects Assessment Program (CEAP); nitrate concentrations; nitrate loads; nutrient response time; storm flow ID SURFACE BROMIDE APPLICATION; DEEP-LOESS SOILS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZER; NITRATE LEVELS; GROUNDWATER; STORMFLOW; BASEFLOW; GRASS AB To interpret the effects of best management practices on water quality at a regional or large watershed scale, likely response times at various scales must be known. Therefore, four small (<= 1 ha [<= 2.5 ac])watersheds, in rotational grazing Studies at the North Appalachian Experimental Watershed near Coshocton, Ohio, were used to Study management impacts oil water quality and response times. Surface runoff Was sampled oil an event basis; ground-water discharge was sampled monthly from springs developed where a perching clay layer outcropped at the soil surface. In four large watersheds ranging from 18 to 123 ha (44 to 303 ac), base flow was over 50%) of annual stream flow and approximately 20%. of annual precipitation. Nitrate-N loads in base flow were 31% to 59%(, of total annual NO3-N load in stream flow. When the N fertilization rate in a "medium fertility" area that contains two small watersheds was increased from 56 to 168 kg ha(-1) y(-1) (50 to 150 lb ac(-1) yr(-1)), NO3-N concentrations in groundwaters discharge responded little in four years.Then NO3-N levels 3 in groundwater discharge increased for 10 years. With discontinuation of N fertilization, NO3-N concentrations in groundwater discharge returned to pre-N increase levels after six years. In a "high fertility" grazing area with a similar perched water table, 224 kg N ha(-1) (200 lb ac(-1)) was applied annually Concentrations of NO3-N increased to >10 mg L-1 (ppm) after five years. Legumes Were then interseeded into the grass forage, and mineral N fertilization was discontinued. Nitrate-N concentrations in groundwater discharge returned to their pre-fertilization levels after about five years. This multi-year response of groundwater discharge quality to management change in small watersheds indicates that the response time for measurable change in multi-square-mile watersheds will be equally long, if not longer, trends and will be Muted. C1 [Owens, L. B.; Shipitalo, M. J.; Bonta, J. V.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH USA. RP Owens, LB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH USA. OI Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345 NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 14 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 63 IS 5 BP 292 EP 299 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.5.292 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 344PE UT WOS:000258939000013 ER PT J AU Zobeck, TM Halvorson, AD Wienhold, B Acosta-Martinez, V Karlen, DL AF Zobeck, T. M. Halvorson, A. D. Wienhold, B. Acosta-Martinez, V. Karlen, D. L. TI Comparison of two soil quality indexes to evaluate cropping systems in northern Colorado SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE organic matter; Soil Conditioning Index (SCI); soil management; Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF); Soil Quality Index (SQI); tillage ID NO-TILL; NITROGEN; CORN; FRAMEWORK; PLAINS; CARBON AB Various soil management or quality assessment tools have been proposed to evaluate the effects of land management practices oil soil, air, and water resources. Two of them are the Soil management Assessment Framework and the Soil Conditioning Index (SCI).This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the Soil Quality Index (SQI) estimated by the Soil Management Assessment Framework can detect more minute changes in soil management than SCI and to test SCI response to other soil quality (SQ) indicators. These SQ indexes were tested oil irrigated cropping systems near Fort Collins, Colorado, that included no-till and conventionally-tilled corn (Zea mays L.),and no-till corn with rotations including barley (Hordeum distichon L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and dry bean (Phaeseolus- vulgaris L.) at three levels of nitrogen varying from 0 to 224 kg N ha(-1) (0 to 200 lb ac(-1)). Both SQ indexes clearly separated the plots with very high levels of N from plots with no N. However, for SQI the mid-level of N was statistically the same as both extreme levels. Statistical differences were observed among all N levels for the SCI. The SQI seemed to make more detailed differentiation among crop management systems than the SCI. The SCI separated the cropping systems into three groups with no overlap among groups. All no-till systems had the statistically same higher SCI than the conventionally-tilled continual corn system. The SQI separated the cropping systems into three groups with decreasing SQI as tillage intensity increased and as lower residue crops were introduced into the cropping system. The systems that included tillage and a low residue crop (soybean) had the lowest SQI. The SQI allowed overlap among cropping groups not recognized by SCL Selection of the most appropriate SQ index seems to be a tradeoff between data requirements, resolution required, and the desired use of the evaluation tool. C1 [Zobeck, T. M.; Acosta-Martinez, V.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Halvorson, A. D.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Wienhold, B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Karlen, D. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Zobeck, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. RI Zobeck, Ted/A-6126-2012 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The authors are indebted to Dean Holder, Curtis Reule, Patti Norris, and Bradley Floyd (USDA AKS) for technical assistance with field work and laboratory analysis Dollar (retired USDA NRCS agronomist) for techinical assistance with SCI calculations. This publication is based upon work Supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under the USDA ARS GRACEnet Project. The authors are grateful for the helpful comments suggested by anonymous reviewers. NR 26 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 19 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 63 IS 5 BP 329 EP 338 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.5.329 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 344PE UT WOS:000258939000017 ER PT J AU Geiser, LH Ingersoll, AR Bytnerowicz, A Copeland, SA AF Geiser, Linda H. Ingersoll, Anne R. Bytnerowicz, Andrzej Copeland, Scott A. TI Evidence of enhanced atmospheric ammoniacal nitrogen in Hells canyon national recreation area: Implications for natural and cultural resources SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION; EMISSIONS; CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT; SAMPLERS; STONE; NH3 AB Agriculture releases copious fertilizing pollutants to air sheds and waterways of the northwestern United States. To evaluate threats to natural resources and historic rock paintings in remote Hells Canyon, Oregon and Idaho, deposition of ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at five stations along 60 km of the Snake River valley floor were passively sampled from July 2002 through June 2003, and ozone data and particulate chemistry were obtained from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) station at Hells Canyon. NH3 concentrations were high; biweekly averages peaked at 5-19 ppb in spring and summer and the nutrient-laden Snake River is a likely source. Fine particulate ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) averaged 2.6 mu g/m(3) during the 20% of worst visibility days with winter drainage of air masses from, the Snake River Basin and possibly long distance transport from southern California. Other pollutants were within background ranges. NH3 is corrosive to clay-based pictographs; nitrogen deposition can alter natural biotic communities and terrestrial ecosystem processes at levels reported here. C1 [Geiser, Linda H.; Ingersoll, Anne R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Air Resource Management Program, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. [Copeland, Scott A.] Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Lander, WY USA. RP Geiser, LH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Air Program, POB 1148, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. EM lgeiser@fs.fed.us RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013 FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest; National Air Resource Management programs; Wallowa-Whitman National Forest; USDA Pacific Southwest Research Station FX The authors thank foremost Earl Baumgarten, Steve Lucas, Molly Lowe, Judy Redner, Roy Lombardo, and Christine and Rachael Bennet for braving long winter drives and river travel to attend the monitoring stations. The authors also gratefully acknowledge Diane Alexander at the USDA Riverside Fire Laboratory, Linda Lin of Maxxam, and Mark Bollinger of 2B Tech for technical support; Holly Copeland and Doug Glavich for GIS assistance; and Crocker Nuclear Lab at the University of California for IMPROVE data. This work was funded by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest and National Air Resource Management programs, the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, and the USDA Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 58 IS 9 SI SI BP 1223 EP 1234 DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.9.1223 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 352RW UT WOS:000259516100012 PM 18817115 ER PT J AU Brown, EM Qi, PX AF Brown, Eleanor M. Qi, Phoebe X. TI Exploring a role in tanning for the gap region of the collagen fibril: Catechin-collagen interactions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 103rd Annual Meeting of the American-Leather-Chemists-Association/29th IULTCS Congress CY JUN 20-24, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Leather Chemists Assoc, IULTCS ID 3-DIMENSIONAL-ENERGY MINIMIZED MODELS; I COLLAGEN; TRIPLE HELIX; TERMINAL TELOPEPTIDES; C-TELOPEPTIDE; FORCE-FIELD; MICROFIBRIL; PROTEINS; FIBRILLOGENESIS; STABILIZATION AB Electron micrographs of stained Collagen fibrils display a pattern of alternating light and dark bands perpendicular to the axis of the collaaen fibril. Light bands correspond to regions of more dense lateral packing where adjacent collagen monomers overlap and dark bands correspond to 'gap' regions, domains of low-density molecular packing. Most studies of artificially stabilized Collagen focus on crosslinks that utilize specific amino acid side chains, without considering whether these are more likely to be located in overlap or gap regions. The gap region with its lower molecular density, greater length, and available telopeptides appears promising as an area able to accommodate oligomeric compounds that are the typical tanning agents. This study uses the ERRC collagen microfibril model to explore the interactions of catechin, a model for vegetable tanning agents thouglit to interact with serine residues, in the Collagen microfibril. Attempts at placing catechin near serine residues in the overlap region were not successful. Four catechin molecules were docked near serine residues in the gap region of the microfibril and subjected to conditions typical of tanning. Under these simulated conditions each catechin molecule moved into a position where intermolecular stabilizing interactions were likely, although not with serine. The method will be valuable in predicting the effectiveness of proposed new tanning agents. C1 [Brown, Eleanor M.; Qi, Phoebe X.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Brown, EM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM eleanor.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 103 IS 9 BP 290 EP 297 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 345HP UT WOS:000258987300001 ER PT J AU Xue, RD Ali, A Kline, DL Barnard, DR AF Xue, Rui-De Ali, Arshad Kline, Daniel L. Barnard, Donald R. TI Field evaluation of boric acid- and fipronil-based bait stations against adult mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE boric acid; fipronil; toxic baits; bait stations; mosquito control ID FOLIAGE AB The effectiveness of boric acid (1 %) and fipronil (0.1 %) bait stations in reducing the number of laboratory-reared female Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus mosquitoes released in outdoor screened cages was evaluated. Both toxicants significantly reduced landing rates of the 2 mosquito species on a human subject. However, no significant reduction in the number of adult mosquitoes caught by counterflow geometry (CFG) traps baited with CO(2) was observed in the boric acid- and fipronil-treated cages compared with control cage. The 2 bait stations were further evaluated against natural populations of adult mosquitoes in 3 residential yards (each ca. 0.8 ha) in St. Johns County, FL. Both bait stations failed to significantly reduce counts of female mosquitoes landing on a human subject; and the capture rates of adult mosquitoes by CFG traps baited with dry ice in bait-treated and control experimental yards were not significantly different. Further field research is needed on the density and placement of bait stations in order to determine their utility in adult mosquito control programs. C1 [Ali, Arshad] Univ Florida, IFAS, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Ali, Arshad] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Kline, Daniel L.; Barnard, Donald R.] Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist St Johns Cty, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist St Johns Cty, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. RI Ali, Arshad/J-6647-2015 NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 415 EP 418 DI 10.2987/5683.1 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 351XX UT WOS:000259460400012 PM 18939695 ER PT J AU Hoffmann, WC Fritz, BK Farooq, M Cooperband, MF AF Hoffmann, W. Clint Fritz, Bradley K. Farooq, Muhammad Cooperband, Miriam F. TI Effects of wind speed on aerosol spray penetration in adult mosquito bioassay cages SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE sentinel mosquito cages; ULV; droplet deposition; wind tunnel; laser diffraction ID DROPLET SIZE; SCREENS AB Bioassay cages are commonly used to assess efficacy of insecticides against adult mosquitoes in the field. To correlate adult mortality readings to insecticidal efficacy and/or spray application parameters properly, it is important to know how the cage used in the bioassay interacts with the spray cloud containing the applied insecticide. This study compared the size of droplets, wind speed, and amount of spray material penetrating cages and outside of cages in a wind tunnel at different wind speeds. Two bioassay cages, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE) and Circle, were evaluated. The screen materials used on these cages reduced the size of droplets, wind speed, and amount of spray material inside the cages as compared to the spray cloud and wind velocity outside of the cages. When the wind speed in the dispersion tunnel was set at 0.6 m/sec (1.3 mph), the mean wind speed inside of the CMAVE Bioassay Cage and Circle Cage was 0.045 m/sec (0.10 mph) and 0.075 m/sec (0.17 mph), respectively. At air velocities of 2.2 m/sec (4.9 mph) in the dispersion tunnel, the mean wind speed inside of the CMAVE Bioassay Cage and Circle Cage was 0.83 m/sec (1.86 mph) and 0.71 m/sec (1.59 mph), respectively. Consequently, there was a consistent 50-70% reduction of spray material penetrating the cages compared to the spray cloud that approached the cages. These results provide a better understanding of the impact of wind speed, cage design, and construction on ultra-low-volume spray droplets. C1 [Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Fritz, Bradley K.; Farooq, Muhammad] USN, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Cooperband, Miriam F.] Univ Florida, USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. FU Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The authors would like to thank Phil Jank for his assistance during data collection and processing. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 419 EP 426 DI 10.2987/5707.1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 351XX UT WOS:000259460400013 PM 18939696 ER PT J AU Cermak, SC Biresaw, G Isbell, TA AF Cermak, Steven C. Biresaw, Girma Isbell, Terry A. TI Comparison of a new estolide oxidative stability package SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE alkylated diphenyl amines; estolides; hindered phenol; oxidative stability; physical properties; RPVOT ID ACID-CATALYZED CONDENSATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BIODEGRADABLE LUBRICANTS; VEGETABLE-OILS; OLEIC-ACID; ESTERS AB The rotating pressurized vessel oxidation test (RPVOT) was used in the analysis and determination of a new oxidative stability package (OSP) for a series of estolide based materials. Three antioxidants (BHT, two different alkylated diphenyl amines) were used in either 0.5 or 1.0 wt/wt%, in different ratios, and in conjunction with one another (hindered phenol/alkylated diphenyl amines or hindered phenol/mixed alkylated diphenyl amines). The estolide-based samples analyzed for their resistance to oxidation were two pure (distilled) estolides (oleic estolide 2-EH esters and coco-oleic estolide 2-EH esters), an estolide mixture that was analyzed straight from the reaction (coco-oleic estolide 2-EH esters with coco 2-EH esters) and finally the ester fraction from the estolide mixture (coco 2-EH esters). The coco estolide mixture and coco 2-EH esters had the best overall RPVOT times with 1.0% of the alkylated diphenyl amine, coco estolide mixture, 326 min, and coco 2-EH esters, 310 min. Coco estolides were expected to have an advantage over the simple oleic estolides due to the increase in saturation in the estolide. Unexpectedly, the two distilled estolides (oleic and coco) had very similar RPVOT max times with all the antioxidants, and were much higher than the other oxidative packages tested to date. In general, the alkylated diphenyl amine outperformed mixed alkylated diphenyl amines in the majority of the individual samples tested specially the coco 2-EH esters and distilled coco-oleic estolide 2-EH esters material at 1% OSP. Overall, a series of new antioxidants were tested and compared to other commercial products. A variety of physical properties of the four estolide based material were collected and compared to commercially acceptable material. Coco-oleic estolide 2-EH esters were formulated to have excellent pour points (-36 C), were both oxidatively and hydrolytically stable (RPVOT, 310 min), with expected good biodegradability which should help commercialization. C1 [Cermak, Steven C.; Isbell, Terry A.] ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Biresaw, Girma] ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cermak, SC (reprint author), ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM steven.cermak@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 85 IS 9 BP 879 EP 885 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1265-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 338WL UT WOS:000258540000010 ER PT J AU Stutte, GW Eraso, I Rimando, AM AF Stutte, Gary W. Eraso, Ignacio Rimando, Agnes M. TI Carbon dioxide enrichment enhances growth and flavonoid content of two Scutellaria species SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Scutellaria barbata; Scutellaria lateriflora; scullcap; medicinal plants; baicalin; baicalein; wogonin; apigenin; chrysin; scutellarin ID GLUCOSINOLATE CONCENTRATIONS; CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT; BAICALENSIS; LATERIFLORA; PRODUCT; BARBATA; PLANT; CO2; L. AB Scutellaria L. is a genus of herbaceous perennials of the Lamianaceae that includes several species with medicinal properties. The medicinal species of Scutellaria are rich in physiologically active flavonoids with a range of pharmacological activity. Experiments were conducted to determine the feasibility of increasing the growth rate and flavonoid content of Scutellaria barbata D. Don and Scutellaria lateriflora L. with CO(2) enrichment in a controlled environment. Both species showed an increased growth rate and total biomass in response to CO(2) enrichment from 400 to 1200 mu mpl center dot mol(-1) CO(2), and time to flowering was accelerated by 7 to 10 days. The bioactive flavonoids scutellarein, baicalin, apigenin, baicalein, and wogonin were detected in vegetative tissue of S. barbata. Total flavonoid content increased 50% with enrichment of CO(2) to 1200 and 81 % with 3000 mu mol-mol(-1). Scutellarein, baicalin, and apigenin concentrations increased with increasing CO(2), whereas baicalein and wogonin did not. The flavonoids baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, and chrysin were detected in the vegetative tissue of S. lateriflora. The total concentration of the bioactive flavonoids measured in the vegetative tissue of S. lateriflora was much higher than S. barbata under ambient CO(2) conditions (1144 vs. 249 mu g center dot g(-1) dry weight). The total content of the measured bioactive flavonoids increased 2.4 times with enrichment to 1200 mu mol center dot mol(-1) CO(2), and 5.9 times with enrichment to 3000 mu mol center dot mol(-1) CO(2). These results indicate that the yield and pharmaceutical quality of Scutellaria species can be enhanced with controlled environment production and CO(2) enrichment. C1 [Stutte, Gary W.; Eraso, Ignacio] Dynamac Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Stutte, GW (reprint author), Dynamac Corp, Mail Code DYN-3, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. EM gary.w.stutte@nasa.gov FU FAS (Foras Aiseanna Saothair, Ireland) FX We thank FAS (Foras Aiseanna Saothair, Ireland) for their Science Challenge Program Internship support of Karen Downing (Limerick Institute of Technology, Limerick, Ireland) who provided horticultural and technical support. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 133 IS 5 BP 631 EP 638 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 355DU UT WOS:000259690100001 ER PT J AU Busse, JS Ozgen, S Palta, JP AF Busse, James S. Ozgen, Senay Palta, Jiwan P. TI Influence of root zone calcium on subapical necrosis in potato shoot cultures: Localization of injury at the tissue and cellular levels SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE micropropagation; shoot tip; apical dominance; axillary shoot growth; tip necrosis; Solanum tuberosum; calcium deficiency ID TIP NECROSIS; GROWTH; ACCUMULATION; PREVENTION; CELLS AB Shoot tip necrosis has been attributed to calcium deficiency in in vitro cultures, resulting in death of the stem tip, the loss of apical dominance, and axillary branch development. Using an in vitro shoot culture system with Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Dark Red Norland, we studied the development of injury symptoms at the microscopic and tissue levels at a range of media calcium concentrations varying from 6.8 to 3000 mu m. Light and electron microscopic studies revealed that the primary injury due to calcium deficiency was the death and collapse of expanding pith cells below the shoot apex. The structure and organization of the shoot apical meristem was the same when plants were cultured on sufficient or suboptimal media calcium concentrations. However, the apical meristem senesced following subapical shoot tissue collapse. Death of the shoot apical meristem was a secondary effect of calcium deficiency, resulting in loss of apical dominance. Studies with (45)Ca indicated that calcium was distributed in a gradient along the shoot, with highest concentration at the base and the lowest at the apex. Shoot tip necrosis developed after 20 days of culture on the suboptimal calcium concentration medium. The development of these symptoms and axillary shoot growth was associated with the lack of calcium accumulation in the shoots. Our results provide evidence that a primary injury of calcium deficiency is localized in the expanding pith cells below the shoot apical meristem and this injury results in the collapse of subapical cells. Death of the shoot apical meristem is a secondary injury resulting from calcium deficiency. C1 [Busse, James S.; Ozgen, Senay; Palta, Jiwan P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Busse, James S.] USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ozgen, Senay] Univ Gaziosmanpasa, Dept Hort, TR-60240 Tokat, Turkey. RP Palta, JP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jppalta@wisc.edu NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 133 IS 5 BP 653 EP 662 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 355DU UT WOS:000259690100004 ER PT J AU Li, J Leisner, SM Frantz, J AF Li, Jie Leisner, Scott M. Frantz, Jonathan TI Alleviation of copper toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by silicon addition to hydroponic solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Si; Cu; PAL; COPT1; HMA5 ID COWPEA VIGNA-UNGUICULATA; P-TYPE ATPASE; MANGANESE TOLERANCE; CUCUMIS-SATIVUS; INDUCED RESISTANCE; POWDERY MILDEW; ATX1 GENE; PLANTS; TRANSPORTER; HOMEOSTASIS AB Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plants and is the a.i. in pesticides for some pathogens and algae. Elevated doses of Cu can cause toxicity in plants. While silicon (Si) is reported to alleviate the toxicity of some heavy metals, its role in reducing the symptoms induced by excess Cu is unclear. Therefore, the role of Si in plant response to Cu stress was investigated in arabidopsis [Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyn.]. Based on plant symptoms (a reduction of leaf chlorosis as well as increased shoot and root biomass) and a reduction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase [PAL (EC 4.3.1.5), a stress-induced enzyme] activity in the shoot, Si was found to alleviate copper stress. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated that the RNA levels of two arabidopsis copper transporter genes, copper transporter 1 (COPT1) and heavy metal ATPase subunit 5 (HMA5) were induced by high levels of Cu, but were significantly decreased when Si levels were also elevated. Taken together, our findings indicate that Si addition can improve the resistance of arabidopsis to Cu stress, and this improvement operates on multiple levels, ranging from physiological changes to alterations of gene expression. C1 [Li, Jie; Leisner, Scott M.] Univ Toledo, Dept Biol Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Leisner, SM (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Biol Sci, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM sleisne@utnet.utoledo.edu FU USDA-ARS FX We thank the USDA-ARS for financial support.; We thank Douglas Sturtz and Alycia Pittenger for elemental analysis. We also thank Ying Deng for providing the actin printers, and Futong Yu and John Gray for their assistance. NR 48 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 133 IS 5 BP 670 EP 677 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 355DU UT WOS:000259690100006 ER PT J AU Bell, DJ Rowland, LJ Polashock, JJ Drummond, FA AF Bell, Daniel J. Rowland, Lisa J. Polashock, James J. Drummond, Frank A. TI Suitability of EST-PCR markers developed in highbush blueberry for genetic fingerprinting and relationship studies in lowbush blueberry and related species SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dendrogram; expressed sequence tags; Vaccinium corymbosum; Vaccinium angustifolium ID VACCINIUM-ANGUSTIFOLIUM; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; CYANOCOCCUS; ERICACEAE; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION AB Little is known of the genetic structure and variability of wild fields, or of the dramatic differences in yield among clones (genetic individuals), of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.), Maine's most economically important fruit crop. Express sequence tag-polymerase chain reaction (EST-PCR) markers that were originally developed for genetic mapping purposes in highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) are shown here to be valuable for genetic fingerprinting and relationship studies in the related species, V. angustifolium. As part of an interspecific genetic relationship study, 14 genotypes, including at least two specimens of each of four closely related Vaccinium L. species (V. pallidum Ait., V. corymbosum, V. boreale Hall & Aald., and V. myrtilloides Michx.) and the only four pedigreed cultivars of V. angustifolium, grouped out as expected in a genetic similarity dendrogram (matrix "r" correlation = 0.91). This work is ultimately aimed at using these markers in exploring how genetic relationship affects yield among proximal and distant breeding individuals via controlled field hand crosses. To help address this issue, a separate group of six individuals of V. angustifolium from two managed fields were also genotyped using the EST-PCR markers. The markers were very effective at intraspecific discrimination of individuals within the same field. C1 [Bell, Daniel J.; Rowland, Lisa J.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bell, Daniel J.; Drummond, Frank A.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Polashock, James J.] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Blueberry & Cranberry Res Ctr, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Rowland, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jeannine.Rowland@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 133 IS 5 BP 701 EP 707 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 355DU UT WOS:000259690100010 ER PT J AU Powers, MD Pregitzer, KS Palik, BJ AF Powers, Matthew D. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Palik, Brian J. TI delta C-13 and delta O-18 trends across overstory environments in whole foliage and cellulose of three Pinus species SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; TREE-RINGS; STABLE OXYGEN; LEAVES; WATER; WOOD; HOLOCELLULOSE; FRACTIONATION; EXCHANGE; CONIFERS AB Stable isotope ratios of carbon (delta C-13) and oxygen (delta O-18) are increasingly used to investigate environmental influences on plant physiology. Cellulose is often isolated for isotopic studies, but some authors have questioned the value of this process. We studied trends in delta C-13 and delta O-18 of whole foliage and holocellulose from seedlings of three Pinus species across three overstory environments to evaluate the benefits of holocellulose extraction in the context of a traditional ecological experiment. Both tissue types showed increasing delta C-13 from closed-canopy controls to thinned plots to 0.3 ha canopy gaps, and no change in delta O-18 between overstory environments. delta C-13 of P. resinosna and P. strobus was greater than delta C-13 of P. banksiana in whole foliage and holocellulose samples, and there were no differences in delta O-18 associated with species in either tissue type. Our results suggest whole foliage and holocellulose provide similar information about isotopic trends across broad environmental gradients and between species, but holocellulose may be better suited for studying differences in stable isotope composition between multiple species across several treatments. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2008, 19, 1330-1335) (C) 2008 American Society for Mass Spectrometry. C1 [Powers, Matthew D.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] USDA, Forest Serv No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MI USA. RP Powers, MD (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM mdpowers@mtu.edu NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1330 EP 1335 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.06.010 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 354UG UT WOS:000259663900012 PM 18640851 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, S Jansky, S AF Rosenthal, Sarah Jansky, Shelley TI Effect of production site and storage on antioxidant levels in specialty potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; organic production; potato; Solanum tuberosum ID CHLOROGENIC ACID CONTENT; PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; COMMON VEGETABLES; PHENOLIC CONTENT; FLESH POTATOES; PURPLE-FLESH; ANTHOCYANINS; CAPACITY; TISSUE AB BACKGROUND: The potato can make a significant contribution of antioxidants to the human diet. In this study, antioxidant levels in tubers of 14 specialty potato clones grown at four production sites (two conventional, two organic), both fresh and stored, were examined across 2 years. RESULTS: Antioxidant activity of fresh tubers at all locations was higher in 2006 than in 2005. Cooler late-season temperatures in 2006 may have been responsible for the increased levels of antioxidants. Stored tubers had higher levels of antioxidant activity than fresh tubers, with a larger storage effect in 2005, when antioxidant levels in fresh tubers were lower. There was no consistent effect of production system (organic versus conventional) on antioxidant activity in tubers. CONCLUSION: For the specialty potato clones we evaluated, antioxidant levels were generally highest in potatoes grown in high-yielding production environments, and they increased during storage. Therefore, potatoes with high nutritional value, in terms of antioxidant activity, can be produced using conventional production and storage systems. (C) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Jansky, Shelley] USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rosenthal, Sarah; Jansky, Shelley] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jansky, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shjansky@wisc.edu NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 88 IS 12 BP 2087 EP 2092 DI 10.1002/jsfa.3318 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 346AX UT WOS:000259041900007 ER PT J AU Breksa, AP Hidalgo, MB Wong, RY AF Breksa, Andrew P., III Hidalgo, Marlene B. Wong, Rosalind Y. TI Stability of limonin glucoside in beverage matrices SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE citrus; limonoids; beverage; limonin glucoside ID CITRUS LIMONOIDS; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; BITTERNESS; NARINGIN; NOMILIN AB BACKGROUND: We completed a study over a 200-day period examining the stability of limonin glucoside formulated into three beverage matrices. RESULTS: Beverages containing limonin glucoside were found to contain limonin (0.13-20.10 mg L-1) during their initial testing; however, these concentrations were directly attributable to the presence of contaminating limonin in the particular lot of limonin glucoside used to prepare the beverage and did not increase over the test period. Likewise, limonin glucoside concentrations did not vary significantly, with the exception of the beverage matrix that included vitamin B-2. Exposure of the vitamin B-2-containing beverages to light resulted in a rapid reduction in the limonin glucoside content. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance results from the analyses of pre- and post-light exposed beverages suggest photooxidation of the furan moiety as the likely degradation pathway. CONCLUSION: Results from this study indicate that limonin glucoside is resistant to degradation into limonin, the stability of limonin glucoside formulated into beverages exceeds six months and that limonin glucoside should not be formulated into beverages containing vitamin B-2 unless the beverages are protected from light. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Hidalgo, Marlene B.; Wong, Rosalind Y.] Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Breksa, AP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM apb3@pw.usda.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 88 IS 12 BP 2194 EP 2200 DI 10.1002/jsfa.3344 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 346AX UT WOS:000259041900020 ER PT J AU Breksa, AP Manners, GD Ibarra, P AF Breksa, Andrew P., III Manners, Gary D. Ibarra, Phil, Jr. TI Clarification of reconstituted frozen orange juice concentrate by continuous flow centrifugation for limonin glucoside solid phase extraction SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE frozen orange juice concentrate; clarification; limonoid glucosides; isolation; processing ID A-RING LACTONE; FLASH CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VALENCIA ORANGE; FRUIT-GROWTH; CITRUS JUICE; BITTERNESS; LIMONOIDS; MOLASSES; 17-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE AB BACKGROUND: The suitability of continuous flow centrifugation for the clarification of reconstituted frozen orange juice concentrate prior to its application to a solid phase extraction column for the isolation of limonin glucoside was evaluated. Clarification experiments spanning three flow rates (325, 588 and 875 mL min(-1)) and three rotor speeds (equivalent to 2130, 8521 and 19 172 x g) were conducted in a simple factorial design. RESULTS: With increasing rotor speed or decreasing flow rate the average particle size, colour parameters (CIE L*, a*, b*) and residual solids in the resulting centrifugates were found to decrease, whereas juice characteristics including pH, conductivity, (o)Brix and limonin glucoside content were unchanged by the clarification process. Mean particle size in the resulting centrifugates ranged from 1.14 to 79.31 mu m. The most effective clarification was obtained using a 325 mL min(-1) flow rate in conjunction with the maximum rotor speed. Suitability of the centrifugates for processing by solid phase extraction was tested through a two-step process, in which the centrifugates were first screened using small columns, followed by application of the centrifugate to a larger self-packed column (6.5 cm x 20 cm) containing SP-70 Sepabeads. CONCLUSION: Centrifugates from two conditions (325 and 588 mL min(-1) at the maximum rotor speed) were suitable for direct application to both columns. It was found that up to 19 L of these centrifugates could be applied to the 6.5 cm x 20 cm column without clogging or experiencing a decrease in flow rate. Analysis of the column effluent revealed that 11 L of centrifugate was sufficient to saturate this column. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Manners, Gary D.; Ibarra, Phil, Jr.] Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Breksa, AP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM apb3@pw.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 88 IS 12 BP 2213 EP 2218 DI 10.1002/jsfa.3338 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 346AX UT WOS:000259041900023 ER PT J AU Krumenacker, LJ Jackson, F Moore, J Robison, S Varricchio, D AF Krumenacker, L. J. Jackson, Frankie Moore, Jason Robison, Steve Varricchio, Dave TI PRELIMINARY PALEOECOLOGIC AND TAPHONOMIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE VERTEBRATE FAUNA OF THE WAYAN FORMATION (ALBIAN-CENOMANIAN) OF EAST IDAHO SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Vertebrate-Paleontology CY OCT 15-18, 2008 CL Cleveland Museum Nat Hist, Cleveland, OH SP Soc Vertebrate Paleontol HO Cleveland Museum Nat Hist C1 [Krumenacker, L. J.] Museum Nat Hist, Pocatello, ID USA. [Jackson, Frankie] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Moore, Jason] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Robison, Steve] US Forest Serv, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Varricchio, Dave] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY PI NORTHBROOK PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA SN 0272-4634 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 102A EP 102A PG 1 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA 351HL UT WOS:000259415200307 ER PT J AU Spackman, E Ip, HS Suarez, DL Slemons, RD Stallknecht, DE AF Spackman, Erica Ip, Hon S. Suarez, David L. Slemons, Richard D. Stallknecht, David E. TI Analytical validation of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for Pan-American lineage H7 subtype Avian influenza viruses SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza; H7 hemagglutinin subtype; poultry; real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; wild bird disease ID LIVE BIRD MARKETS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; PCR ASSAY; HEMAGGLUTININ; POULTRY; GENES AB A real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for the identification of the H7 subtype in North American Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) was first reported in 2002; however, recent AIV surveillance efforts in wild birds and H7 outbreaks in poultry demonstrated that the 2002 test did not detect all H7 AIVs present in North and South America. Therefore, a new test, the 2008 Pan-American H7 test, was developed by using recently available H7 nucleotide sequences. The analytical specificity of the new assay was characterized with an RNA panel composed of 19 H7 viruses from around the world and RNA from all hemagglutinin subtypes except H16. Specificity for North and South American lineage H7 viruses was observed. Assay limits of detection were determined to be between 10(3) and 10(4) gene copies per reaction with in vitro transcribed RNA, and 10(0.0) and 10(0.8) 50% egg infectious doses per reaction. The 2008 Pan-American H7 test also was shown to perform similarly to the 2002 test with specimens from chickens experimentally exposed to A/Chicken/BritishColumbiLt/3I4514-2/04 H7N3 highly pathogenic AIV. Furthermore, the 2008 test was able to detect 100% (n = 27) of the H7 AIV isolates recovered from North American wild birds in a 20062007 sample set (none of which were detected by the 2002 H7 test). C1 [Spackman, Erica; Suarez, David L.] ARS, USDA, SEPRL, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Slemons, Richard D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEPRL, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM spackman@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6612-32000-048]; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The authors gratefully thank Scott Lee, Kimberley Hill, Patti Miller, Suzanne DeBlois, and the SAA sequencing facility for technical assistance with this work. The work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-048. Mention of trade names or commercial products ill this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 5 BP 612 EP 616 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZX UT WOS:000262135200011 PM 18776094 ER PT J AU Love, BC Rostagno, MH AF Love, Brenda C. Rostagno, Marcos H. TI Comparison of five culture methods for Salmonella isolation from swine fecal samples of known infection status SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Culture methods; Salmonella; sensitivity; swine ID RAPPAPORT-VASSILIADIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; PIG FECES; ENTERICA; SURVEILLANCE; ENRICHMENT; RECOVERY; POULTRY; WEIGHT; HERDS AB The Current study was conducted to evaluate 5 bacteriologic culture methods (methods 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) for recovery of Salmonella enterica from swine feces, both for sensitivity of detection (ability to recover Salmonella from a positive sample) and for specificity (not to inadvertently identify an organism as a Salmonella species in a negative sample). Fifty-six negative samples and 46 positive samples were processed using each of the 5 methods, which differed primarily in the combinations of enrichment media used. All negative samples were negative for Salmonella when Cultured by all 5 methods (100% specificity). Two of the methods (methods 1 and 4) resulted in the recovery of significantly less (P < 0.05) Salmonella when compared with the remaining 3 methods (methods 2, 3, and 5). No one method was successful in recovering Salmonella from all positive samples, although recovery with method 2 was statistically similar to the total number of positive samples analyzed (42 vs. 46 Salmonella-positive samples, P > 0.05). This Study shows that culture methods differ significantly in their performance regarding the isolation of Salmonella from swine fecal samples. C1 [Love, Brenda C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Dept Vet Biosci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Rostagno, Marcos H.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Love, BC (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Dept Vet Biosci, POB 7001, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM brenda.love@okstate.edu RI Tast Lahti, Elina/R-8664-2016 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 5 BP 620 EP 624 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZX UT WOS:000262135200013 PM 18776096 ER PT J AU Keane, DP Barr, DJ Bochsler, PN Hall, SM Gidlewski, T O'Rourke, KI Spraker, TR Samuel, MD AF Keane, Delwyn P. Barr, Daniel J. Bochsler, Philip N. Hall, S. Mark Gidlewski, Thomas O'Rourke, Katherine I. Spraker, Terry R. Samuel, Michael D. TI Chronic wasting disease in a Wisconsin white-tailed deer farm SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Cervids; chronic wasting disease; prion; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; CAPTIVE MULE DEER; RESISTANT PRION PROTEIN; CERVUS-ELAPHUS NELSONI; ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; PATTERNS; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB In September 2002, chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disorder of captive and wild cervids, was diagnosed in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from a captive farm in Wisconsin. The facility was subsequently quarantined, and in January 2006 the remaining 76 deer were depopulated. Sixty animals (79%) were found to be positive by immunohistochemical staining for the abnormal prion protein (PrP(CWD)) in at least one tissue; the prevalence of positive staining was high even in young deer. Although none of the deer displayed clinical signs suggestive of CWD at depopulation, 49 deer had considerable accumulation of the abnormal prion in the medulla at the level of the obex. Extraneural accumulation of the abnormal protein was observed in 59 deer, with accumulation in the retropharyngeal lymph node in 58 of 59 (98%), in the tonsil in 56 of 59 (95%), and in the rectal mucosal lymphoid tissue in 48 of 58 (83%). The retina was positive in 4 deer, all with marked accumulation of prion in the obex. One deer was considered positive for PrP(CWD) in the brain but not in the extraneural tissue, a novel observation in white-tailed deer. The infection rate in captive deer was 20-fold higher than in wild deer. Although weakly related to infection rates in extraneural tissues, prion genotype was strongly linked to progression of prion accumulation in the obex. Antemortem testing by biopsy of rectoanal mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (or other peripheral lymphoid tissue) may be a useful adjunct to tonsil biopsy for surveillance in captive herds at risk for CWD infection. C1 [Keane, Delwyn P.; Barr, Daniel J.; Bochsler, Philip N.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hall, S. Mark] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [O'Rourke, Katherine I.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. RP Keane, DP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, 445 Easterday Lane, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Delwyn.Keane@wvdl.wisc.edu NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 5 BP 698 EP 703 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZX UT WOS:000262135200033 PM 18776116 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, V LaRocco, M Baxt, B AF O'Donnell, Vivian LaRocco, Michael Baxt, Barry TI Heparan sulfate-binding foot-and-mouth disease virus enters cells via caveola-mediated endocytosis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CULTURED-CELLS; LIPID RAFTS; MEMBRANE DOMAINS; EARLY ENDOSOMES; GOLGI-COMPLEX; EARLY EVENTS; INTEGRIN ALPHA(V)BETA(3); OLIGOSACCHARIDE RECEPTOR; FC-RECEPTOR; TAT PROTEIN AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) utilizes different cell surface macromolecules to facilitate infection of cultured cells. Virus, which is virulent for susceptible animals, infects cells via four members of the alpha(V) subclass of cellular integrins. In contrast, tissue culture adaptation of some FMDV serotypes results in the loss of viral virulence in the animal, accompanied by the loss of virus' ability to use integrins as receptors. These avirulent viral variants acquire positively charged amino acids on surface-exposed structural proteins, resulting in the utilization of cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) molecules as receptors. We have recently shown that FMDV serotypes utilizing integrin receptors enter cells via a clathrin-mediated mechanism into early endosomes. Acidification within the endosome results in a breakdown of the viral capsid, releasing the RNA, which enters the cytoplasm by a still undefined mechanism. Since there is evidence that HS internalizes bound ligands via a caveola-mediated mechanism, it was of interest to analyze the entry of FMDV by cell-surface HS. Using a genetically engineered variant of type O(1)Campos (O(1)C3056R) which can utilize both integrins and HS as receptors and a second variant (O(1)C3056R-KGE) which can utilize only HS as a receptor, we followed viral entry using confocal microscopy. After virus bound to cells at 4 C, followed by a temperature shift to 37 C, type O(1)C3056R-KGE colocalized with caveolin-1, while O(1)C3056R colocalized with both clathrin and caveolin-1. Compounds which either disrupt or inhibit the formation of lipid rafts inhibited the replication of O(1)C3056R-KGE. Furthermore, a caveolin-1 knockdown by RNA interference also considerably reduced the efficiency of O(1)C3056R-KGE infection. These results indicate that HS-binding FMDV enters the cells via the caveola-mediated endocytosis pathway and that caveolae can associate and traffic with endosomes. In addition, these results further suggest that the route of FMDV entry into cells is a function solely of the viral receptor. C1 [O'Donnell, Vivian; LaRocco, Michael; Baxt, Barry] ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [O'Donnell, Vivian] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP O'Donnell, V (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM vivian.odonnell@ars.usda.gov FU U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [1940-32000-052-00D]; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT [58-1940-2-245] FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, through Current Research Information System Project (CRIS) no. 1940-32000-052-00D and Specific Cooperative Agreement no. 58-1940-2-245 with the Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT.; We thank Marvin Grubman for reading the manuscript and providing valuable suggestions. NR 88 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 82 IS 18 BP 9075 EP 9085 DI 10.1128/JVI.00732-08 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 347OX UT WOS:000259152000012 PM 18614639 ER PT J AU Afonso, CL AF Afonso, Claudio L. TI Not so fast on recombination analysis of Newcastle disease virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 USDA ARS, SEPRL, SAA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SEPRL, SAA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 82 IS 18 BP 9303 EP 9303 DI 10.1128/JVI.01231-08 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 347OX UT WOS:000259152000038 PM 18755681 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Lyon, SR AF Ibekwe, A. Mark Lyon, Stephen R. TI Microbiological evaluation of fecal bacterial composition from surface water through aquifer sand material SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE aquifer material; contamination; drinking water; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli; fecal bacteria ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; COASTAL WATER; WASTE-WATER; IDENTIFICATION; QUALITY; GASTROENTERITIS AB When bacterial pathogens from livestock contaminate drinking water supplies, they can cause different forms of gastroenteritis. The objective of this study was to enumerate the concentrations of fecal indicator (Escherichia coli and enterococci) in surface water in order to determine removal efficiency by sand filtration. The concentrations of different indicator bacterial species were determined after running tertiary treated water through two tanks containing aquifer material. Enterococcus faecalis primers targeting the doll gene and primers for Enterococcus faecium were used to identify the two species in the samples. A PCR assay based on the partial sequence of the beta-D-glucoronidase gene (uidA) for specific detection and differentiation of E. coli populations was used to confirm the presence of E. coli after a biochemical test. The biochemical test overestimated the percentage of E. faecium in our samples, but the PCR assay with the ddl gene produced 100% specificity with Enterococcus faecalis. The biochemical test was 91.5% specific in identifying E coli. The composition of indicator bacteria in Santa Ana River was dominated by intestinal microflora of humans and animals; filtration by aquifer sand material may reduce the transport of indicator bacteria from surface water to groundwater. C1 [Ibekwe, A. Mark] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lyon, Stephen R.] Orange Cty Water Dist, Fountain Valley, CA 92728 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM aibekwe@ussl.ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX We thank Ms Pamela Watt for her assistance in obtaining some of the experimental data. This research was supported in part by the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the USDA-ARS. Mention of trademark or propriety products in this manuscript does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the property by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD SEP PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 411 EP 421 DI 10.2166/wh.2008.058 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 354CA UT WOS:000259615300013 PM 19108562 ER PT J AU Maletzke, BT Koehler, GM Wielgus, RB Aubry, KB Evans, MA AF Maletzke, Benjamin T. Koehler, Gary M. Wielgus, Robert B. Aubry, Keith B. Evans, Marc A. TI Habitat conditions associated with lynx hunting behavior during winter in northern Washington SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; habitat selection; hunting behavior; Lepus americanus; Lynx canadensis; predation; sinuosity; snowshoe hare; snow tracking; Washington ID SNOWSHOE HARE ABUNDANCE; CANADA LYNX; POPULATION; SELECTION AB Effectively managing habitat for threatened populations of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) requires knowledge of habitat conditions that provide for the ecological needs of lynx. We snow-tracked lynx to identify habitat conditions associated with hunting behavior and predation during winters of 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 in the northern Cascade Range in Washington state, USA. We recorded number and success of predation attempts, prey species killed, and trail sinuosity on 149 km of lynx trails. Lynx killed snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), red squirrels (Tamiasciurus budsonicus), and cricetids more than expected in Englemann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forests, where snowshoe hare densities were highest. Lynx killed prey less than expected in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests and forest openings. We used the sinuosity of lynx trails as an index of quality of habitat hunted. Lynx trails that included predation attempts were more sinuous than trail segments without predation attempts. Lynx trails had greater sinuosity in forest stands with high hare densities dominated by Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir than in stands with low hare densities dominated by Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine or in forest openings. We encourage forest managers to maintain or create sufficient understory cover to support high densities of snowshoe hares as foraging habitat for lynx. C1 [Maletzke, Benjamin T.; Wielgus, Robert B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Large Carnivore Conservat Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Koehler, Gary M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Aubry, Keith B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Evans, Marc A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Stat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Maletzke, BT (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Large Carnivore Conservat Lab, POB 646410, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM maletbtm@dfw.wa.gov FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; United States Forest Service; Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest; Pacific Northwest Research Station; Washington State University; University of Montana FX Funding for the research has been provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, United States Forest Service, (Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Pacific Northwest Research Station), Washington State University, and University of Montana. We thank K. Hodges, S. Mills, and M. Skatrud with Friends of the Loomis for their help and guidance with research. We thank D. Harrington, J. Tigner, J. Porter, and M. Crabb for enduring harsh conditions during winter field seasons. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 28 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1473 EP 1478 DI 10.2193/2007-455 PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800004 ER PT J AU Vashon, JH Meehan, AL Jakubas, WJ Organ, JF Vashon, AD Mclaughlin, CR Matula, GJ Crowley, SM AF Vashon, Jennifer H. Meehan, Amy L. Jakubas, Walter J. Organ, John F. Vashon, Adam D. Mclaughlin, Craig R. Matula, George J., Jr. Crowley, Shannon M. TI Spatial ecology of a Canada lynx population in northern Maine SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; density estimation; fixed-kernels; home range; Lynx canadensis; Maine; radiotelemetry; site fidelity; spatial interactions ID HOME-RANGE OVERLAP; HABITAT USE; ORGANIZATION; RESPONSES; CARNIVORE; COYOTES; CYCLE AB Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) were listed as a federally threatened species in 14 states at the southern extent of their geographic range in March 2000, with Maine being the only state in the northeastern United States known to support a resident population. Relatively little information is known about the ecology of lynx living at the southern edge of their range, including range requirements, movements, and spatial organization. Basic knowledge of lynx ecology is needed for federal recovery planning efforts. Between 1999 and 2004, we trapped and radiocollared 43 lynx (21 M, 22 F) in northern Maine in an intensively managed and predominantly early successional forested landscape. We estimated diurnal annual and seasonal home-range size for male and female lynx using the 85% fixed-kernel home-range estimator. Annual home ranges of adult male lynx ((x) over bar = 53.6 km(2)) were more than twice the size of adult female home ranges ((x) over bar = 25.7 km2). Home ranges of adult females during snow periods ((x) over bar = 38.3 km(2)) were nearly 3 times larger than their snow-free-period ranges ((x) over bar = 14.3 km(2)), whereas, snow-free ranges of adult males ((x) over bar = 58.8 km(2)) were slightly larger than their snow-period ranges ((x) over bar = 45.2 km(2)). We observed a limited amount of home-range overlap among lynx of the same sex (F: (x) over bar = 17.2%; M: (x) over bar = 11.8%). Lynx of opposite sex showed more extensive overlap ((x) over bar = 24.3%). Most home-range shifts of resident lynx were typically not extensive. Based on territory mapping, we estimated a minimum lynx density of 9.2-13.0 lynx/100 km(2). We observed lynx spatial ecology and densities that were more similar to northern lynx populations when hares were abundant than to other southern lynx populations, suggesting that region-specific studies under varying habitat conditions and hare densities are needed to ensure realistic recovery goals and effective management of lynx at the southern extent of their range. C1 [Vashon, Jennifer H.; Meehan, Amy L.; Jakubas, Walter J.; Matula, George J., Jr.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. [Organ, John F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. [Vashon, Adam D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Augusta, ME 04330 USA. [Mclaughlin, Craig R.] Utah Div Wildlife, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. [Crowley, Shannon M.] Univ No British Columbia, Int Ctr, Prince George, BC V2N 429, Canada. RP Vashon, JH (reprint author), Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, 650 State St, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. EM Jennifer.Vashon@maine.gov FU Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-86-R]; Maine State Wildlife [T-1, T-2, T-3]; Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program [R-1]; Maine Section 6 Endangered Species [E-1]; United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science Support; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife; National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc.; Wildlife Conservation Society; International Paper; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Maine Outdoor Heritage; Sweet Water Trust; Defenders of Wildlife; Davis Conservation Foundation; Lynx System Developers; Plum Creek Foundation FX Funding for this study was provided by Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Grant W-86-R, Maine State Wildlife Grants T-1, T-2, and T-3, Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program Grant R-1, and Maine Section 6 Endangered Species Grant E-1. Additional funding was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science Support funds, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., Wildlife Conservation Society, International Paper, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund, Sweet Water Trust, Defenders of Wildlife, Davis Conservation Foundation, Lynx System Developers, and Plum Creek Foundation. We thank field technicians S. McLellan, J. A. Sikich, S. M. Ritcher, E. C. York, S. M. Mullen, D. Perkins, M. Terra-Berns, W. Staples, A. McCue, J. Sika, K. Parks, H. Shepley, A. Jennings, S. Boyden, and volunteers S. M. Mullen, E. Pickering, M. Pinasci, A. McCue, H. Shepley, S. Schulte, V. Crowely, J. Haskins, S. Boyden, L. Shunta, M. Jones, C. VanStratt, E. Collins, B. Nichols, B. Burkholder, and D. Kaminski. We thank pilots F. Craig and M. Falconeri, and especially J. McPhee. J. E. McDonald and T. Hodgman generously provided technical assistance, comments, and advice. We are indebted to Clayton Lake Woodlands for access to their lands and for housing and other logistical support. We are also grateful to J. D. Irving for land access. We appreciate J. E. McDonald, M. Chamberlain, and 2 anonymous reviewers' constructive comments, which improved this manuscript.; We dedicate this work to the memory of Eric C. York and pilot John 'Jack" McPhee, who were both instrumental in the early success of this project. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1479 EP 1487 DI 10.2193/2007-462 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800005 ER PT J AU Vashon, JH Meehan, AL Organ, JF Jakubas, WJ McLaughlin, CR Vashon, AD Crowley, SM AF Vashon, Jennifer H. Meehan, Amy L. Organ, John F. Jakubas, Walter J. McLaughlin, Craig R. Vashon, Adam D. Crowley, Shannon M. TI Diurnal habitat relationships of Canada lynx in an intensively managed private forest landscape in northern Maine SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; diurnal habitat selection; early seral conifer; Lepus americanus; Lynx canadensis; Maine; snowshoe hare ID SNOWSHOE HARE ABUNDANCE; POPULATION; CANADENSIS; PREFERENCE AB In March 2000, Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) were listed as a federally threatened species in 14 states at the southern periphery of their range, where lynx habitat is disjunct and snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) densities are low. Forest conditions vary across lynx range; thus, region-specific data on the habitat requirements of lynx are needed. We studied lynx in northern Maine, USA, from 1999 to 2004 to assess quality and potential for forests in Maine to sustain lynx populations. We trapped and radiocollared 43 lynx (21 M, 22 F) during this period and evaluated diurnal habitat selection by 16 resident adult lynx (9 M, 7 F) monitored in 2002. We evaluated lynx selection of 8 habitats at multiple spatial scales, and related lynx habitat selection to snowshoe hare abundance. Lynx preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands, which supported the highest hare densities on our study site ((x) over bar = 2.4 hares/ha), over all other habitats. The habitats where lynx placed their home ranges did not differ by sex. However, within their home ranges, males not only preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands, but also preferred mature conifer, whereas females singularly preferred conifer-dominated sapling stands. Approximately one-third of Maine's spruce-fir forest and nearly 50% of our study, area was regenerating conifer or mixed-sapling forest, resulting from a disease event and intensive forest management (e.g., large clear-cuts). Our findings suggest that current habitat conditions in Maine are better than western montane regions and approach conditions in boreal forests during periods of hare abundance. We recommend that forest landowners maintain a mosaic of different-aged conifer stands to ensure a component of regenerating conifer-dominated forest on the landscape. C1 [Vashon, Jennifer H.; Meehan, Amy L.; Jakubas, Walter J.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. [Organ, John F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. [McLaughlin, Craig R.] Utah Div Wildlife, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. [Vashon, Adam D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Augusta, ME 04330 USA. [Crowley, Shannon M.] Univ No British Columbia, Int Ctr, Prince George, BC V2N 429, Canada. RP Vashon, JH (reprint author), Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, 650 State St, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. EM Jennifer.Vashon@maine.gov FU Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-86-R]; Maine State Wildlife [T-1, T-2, T-3]; Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program [R-1]; Maine Section 6 Endangered Species [E-1]; United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife; National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc.; Wildlife Conservation Society; International Paper; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,; Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund; Sweet Water Trust; Defenders of Wildlife; Davis Conservation Foundation; Lynx System Developers; Plum Creek Foundation FX Funding for this study was provided by Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Grant W-86-R, Maine State Wildlife Grants T-1, T-2, and T-3, Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program Grant R-1, and Maine Section 6 Endangered Species Grant E-1. Additional funding was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science Support funds, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., Wildlife Conservation Society, International Paper, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund, Sweet Water Trust, Defenders of Wildlife, Davis Conservation Foundation, Lynx System Developers, and Plum Creek Foundation. We thank field technicians S. McLellan, J. A. Sikich, S. M. Ritcher, E. C. York, S. M. Mullen, D. Perkins, M. Terra-Berns, W. Staples, A. McCue, J. Sika, K. Parks, H. Shepley, A. Jennings, S. Boyden, and volunteers S. M. Mullen, E. Pickering, M. Pinasci, A. McCue, H. Shepley, S. Schulte, V. Crowely, J. Haskins, S. Boyden, L. Shunta, M. Jones, C. VanStratt, E. Collins, B. Nichols, B. Burkholder, and D. Kaminski. We thank pilots F. Craig, M. Falconeri, and especially J. McPhee. J. E. McDonald and T. Hodgman generously provided technical assistance, comments, and advice. We are indebted to Clayton Lake Woodlands for access to their lands and for housing and other logistical support. We are also grateful to J. D. Irving for land access. Clayton Lake Woodlands, J. D. Irving, and Seven Islands Land Company graciously provided stand-level GIS coverages of their lands in and near our study area for these analyses. We appreciate J. E. McDonald, M. Chamberlain, and 2 anonymous reviewers' constructive comments, which significantly improved this manuscript.; We dedicate this work to the memory of Eric C. York and pilot John "Jack" McPhee, who were both instrumental in the early success of this project. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1488 EP 1496 DI 10.2193/2007-475 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800006 ER PT J AU Squires, JR DeCesare, NJ Kolbe, JA Ruggiero, LF AF Squires, John R. DeCesare, Nicholas J. Kolbe, Jaya A. Ruggiero, Leonard F. TI Hierarchical den selection of Canada lynx in western Montana SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; den selection; ecological scale; habitat selection; Lynx canadensis; mature forests; Montana ID HABITAT SELECTION; MODELS AB We studied den selection of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis; hereafter lynx) at multiple ecological scales based on 57 dens from 19 females located in western Montana, USA, between 1999 and 2006. We considered 3 spatial scales in this analysis, including den site (11-m-radius circle surrounding dens), den area (100-m-radius circle), and den environ (1-km radius surrounding dens). Lynx denned in preexisting sheltered spaces created by downed logs (62%), root-wads from wind-thrown trees (19%), boulder fields (10%), slash piles (6%), and live trees (4%). Lynx preferentially selected den sites with northeasterly, aspects that averaged 24 degrees. Average distance between dens of 13 females monitored in consecutive years was 2,248 m, indicating low den site fidelity. Lynx exhibited habitat selection at all 3 spatial scales. Based on logistic regression, den sites differed from the surrounding den areas in having higher horizontal cover and log volume. Abundant woody debris from piled logs was the dominant habitat feature at den sites. Lynx generally denned in mature spruce-fir (Picea-Abies) forests with high horizontal cover and abundant coarse woody debris. Eighty percent of dens were in mature forest stands and 13% in mid-seral regenerating stands; young regenerating (5%) and thinned (either naturally sparse or mechanically thinned) stands with discontinuous canopies (2%) were seldom used. Female lynx selected den areas with greater spruce-fir tree basal area, higher horizontal cover, and larger-diameter trees compared to random locations within their home range. Lynx selected den environs in topographically concave or drainage-like areas, and farther from forest edges than random expectation. Maintaining mature and mid-seral regenerating spruce-fir forests with high horizontal cover and abundant woody debris would be most valuable for denning when located in drainages or in concave, drainage-like basins. Management actions that alter spruce-fir forests to a condition that is sparsely stocked (e.g., mechanically thinned) and with low canopy closure (<50%) would create forest conditions that are poorly suitable for lynx denning. C1 [Squires, John R.; DeCesare, Nicholas J.; Kolbe, Jaya A.; Ruggiero, Leonard F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Squires, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM jsquires@fs.fed.us FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, Montana FX We acknowledge the technicians that assisted with field data collection. Research was funded by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, Montana. We thank Plum Creek Timber Company and the Bureau of Land Management for additional financial support; we also thank Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks and the Seeley Lake District, United States Forest Service for their cooperation and logistical support. We thank R. King for providing statistical review. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1497 EP 1506 DI 10.2193/2007-396 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800007 ER PT J AU Organ, JF Vashon, JH McDonald, JE Vashon, AD Crowley, SM Jakubas, WJ Matula, GJ Meehan, AL AF Organ, John F. Vashon, Jennifer H. McDonald, John E., Jr. Vashon, Adam D. Crowley, Shannon M. Jakubas, Walter J. Matula, George J., Jr. Meehan, Amy L. TI Within-stand selection of Canada lynx natal dens in northwest Maine, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; dens; habitat selection; Lynx canadensis; Maine ID SNOWSHOE HARE; HABITAT; FOREST AB Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) were listed as threatened in the contiguous United States under the Endangered Species Act in March 2000. Little information on lynx ecology at the southern extent of their range was available at the time of listing, and no ecological studies had been conducted in the eastern USA. Between 1999 and 2004, we investigated habitat selection at natal dens in northern Maine to address questions on the importance of forest conditions to denning requirements. We compared within-stand characteristics of 26 den sites to general characteristics of the stands containing dens. We used logistic regression to identify components within stands that distinguished natal dens from the residual stand and used the information-theoretic approach to select models that best explained lynx den-site selection. The top-ranked model had 2 variables: tip-up mounds of blown-down trees and visual obscurity at 5 m from the den (w(i) = 0.92). Within-stand structure was useful for predicting lynx den-site selection in managed forests in Maine and suitable denning habitat did not appear to be limiting. C1 [Organ, John F.; McDonald, John E., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. [Vashon, Jennifer H.; Jakubas, Walter J.; Matula, George J., Jr.; Meehan, Amy L.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA. [Vashon, Adam D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Augusta, ME 04330 USA. [Crowley, Shannon M.] Univ No British Columbia, Int Ctr, Prince George, BC V2N 429, Canada. RP Organ, JF (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 300 Westgate Ctr Dr, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. EM john_organ@fws.gov FU Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration [W-86-R]; Maine State Wildlife [T-1, T-2, T-3]; Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program [R-1]; Maine Section 6 Endangered Species [E-1]; United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife; National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc.; Wildlife Conservation Society; International Paper; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund; Sweet Water Trust; Defenders of Wildlife; Davis Conservation Foundation; Lynx System Developers; Plum Creek Foundation FX Funding for this study was provided by Maine Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Grant W-86-R, Maine State Wildlife Grants T-1, T-2, and T-3, Maine Wildlife Conservation and Restoration Program Grant R-1, and Maine Section 6 Endangered Species Grant E-1. Additional funding was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Northeast Region Science Support funds, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, National Council of Air and Stream Improvement, Inc., Wildlife Conservation Society, International Paper, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Maine Outdoor Heritage Fund, Sweet Water Trust, Defenders of Wildlife, Davis Conservation Foundation, Lynx System Developers, and Plum Creek Foundation. We thank field technicians S. McLellan, J. Sikich, S. Ritcher, E. York, and S. Mullen. We thank pilots F. Craig, and M. Falconeri, and especially J. McPhee. We thank R. Brooks, C. McLaughlin, W. Healy, T. Meier, and W. Patterson for assistance in experimental design. We are indebted to Clayton Lake Woodlands for access to their lands and for housing and other logistical support. We are also grateful to J. Irving for land access. We thank D. Murray, J. Squires, and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments, which greatly unproved this manuscript.; We dedicate this work to the memory of wildlife biologist Eric C. York and pilot John "Jack" McPhee, who each contributed greatly to the early success of this project. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1514 EP 1517 DI 10.2193/2008-290 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800009 ER PT J AU Koehler, GM Maletzke, BT Von Kienast, JA Aubry, KB Wielgus, RB Naney, RH AF Koehler, Gary M. Maletzke, Benjamin T. Von Kienast, Jeff A. Aubry, Keith B. Wielgus, Robert B. Naney, Robert H. TI Habitat fragmentation and the persistence of lynx populations in Washington state SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canada lynx; habitat fragmentation; habitat selection; Lepus americanus; Lynx canadensis; population status; snowshoe hares; Washington ID CANADA LYNX; DENSITY AB Lynx (Lynx canadensis) occur in the northern counties of Washington state, USA; however, current distribution and status of lynx in Washington is poorly understood. During winters 2002-2004 we snow-tracked lynx for 155 kin within a 211-km(2) area in northern Washington, to develop a model of lynx-habitat relationships that we could rise to assess their potential distribution and status in the state. We recorded movements and behaviors of lynx with a Global Positioning System and overlaid digitized lynx trails on various habitat layers using a Geographic Information System. Based on univariate analyses, lynx preferred Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forests, with moderate canopy and understory cover, and elevations ranging from 1,525 on to 1,829 in but avoided Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests, openings, recent burns, open canopy and understory cover, and steep slopes. A map of suitable lynx habitat based on a logistic regression model built using these candidate variables revealed that habitats at elevations >1,400 m where lynx historically occurred in Washington are intersected and fragmented by landscape features and forest conditions that are generally avoided by lynx. Our habitat suitability map predicts 3,800 km(2) of lynx habitat in Washington that could support 87 lynx, far fewer than previous estimates. Since 1985, natural fires have burned >1,000 km(2) of forested habitat in Okanogan County, the only region in Washington where lynx occurrence has been documented during that period. Loss of suitable habitat from natural and human-caused disturbances, and the lack of verifiable evidence of lynx occurrence in historic lynx range, suggests that fragmented landscape conditions may, have impeded recolonization of these areas by lynx. Consequently, translocations may be necessary to ensure lynx persistence in Washington. We Suggest that managers assess the potential for translocation by first identifying the scale and distribution of potential foraging habitats for lynx based on our or similar habitat models, survey various habitat conditions to obtain reliable estimates of snowshoe hare densities, and. identify a genetically compatible source population of lynx. If habitat and source populations are adequate, reintroducing lynx to areas of their historic range may be air appropriate conservation strategy. C1 [Koehler, Gary M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Maletzke, Benjamin T.; Wielgus, Robert B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Large Carnivore Conservat Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Von Kienast, Jeff A.] US Forest Serv, Prospect, OR 97536 USA. [Aubry, Keith B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Naney, Robert H.] US Forest Serv, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA. RP Koehler, GM (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. EM koehlgmk@dfw.wa.gov FU Seattle City Light; United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Washington State Department of Transportation; USDA Forest Service; Washington State University; University of Washington; University of Montana FX Funding for the research was provided by Seattle City Light, United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington State Department of Transportation, USDA Forest Service (Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Rogue River National Forest), Washington State University, University of Washington, and University of Montana. We thank K. Hodges, S. Mills, and M. Skatrud for their help and guidance with this research. We thank D. Harrington, S. Farmer, J. Hadwen, M. Kroeger, K. Bagnall, J. Tigner, J. Porter, and M. Crabb for assisting with data collection during winter field seasons. M. Evans provided valuable guidance on statistical analysis. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 55 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1518 EP 1524 DI 10.2193/2007-437 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800010 ER PT J AU Zielinski, WJ Slauson, KM Bowles, AE AF Zielinski, William J. Slauson, Keith M. Bowles, Ann E. TI Effects of off-highway vehicle use on the American marten SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE American marten; California; disturbance; Martes americana; noise; off-highway vehicles; Sierra Nevada ID NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; WHITE-TAILED DEER; SNOWMOBILE TRAILS; RECREATION; RESPONSES; PREFERENCES; CALIFORNIA; WILDLIFE; HEARING; IMPACTS AB Motorized recreation in North American wildlands is increasing, and technological developments in the power and range of vehicles has increased access to high-elevation habitats. The American marten (Martes americana) is vulnerable to this disturbance because martens, like other residents of high-elevation forests, are associated with remote wilderness conditions where the presence of motorized vehicles is a recent phenomenon. We evaluated the effects of vehicles at 2 study sites in California, USA, by comparing marten occupancy rates and probabilities of detection in areas where recreational vehicle use is legal and encouraged (use areas) with wilderness areas where vehicles are prohibited (non-use areas). We sampled vehicle occurrence in nearby, use and non-use areas using sound level meters and determined marten occurrence using track and camera stations. We also included 2 secondary measures of potential effects of vehicles on martens: sex ratio and circadian pattern of activity. Martens were ubiquitous in use and non-use areas in both study sites, and there was no effect of vehicle use oil marten occupancy or probability of detection. We predicted that females might be less common and martens more nocturnal in use than in non-use areas, but neither occurred. Martens were exposed to low levels of disturbance in our study sites. We estimated that a marten might be exposed to 0.5 vehicle passes/hour and that this exposure had the greatest effect on <20% of a typical home range area. Furthermore, vehicle use usually occurred when martens were inactive. We did not measure behavioral, physiological, or demographic responses, so it is possible that vehicles may have effects, alone or in concert with other threats (e.g., timber harvest), that we did not quantify. We encourage additional studies to determine whether other montane species that are year-round residents demonstrate the same response to motorized vehicles. C1 [Zielinski, William J.; Slauson, Keith M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Bowles, Ann E.] Hubbs Sea World Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92109 USA. RP Zielinski, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM bzielinski@fs.fed.us FU California Department of Parks and Recreation Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Division; California Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Commission; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Regional Office; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute FX This work was supported by the California Department of Parks and Recreation Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Division and the California Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Commission, by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Regional Office, the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station (Redwood Sciences Laboratory), and Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute. We thank D. Craig and K. Mick for their assistance in administering the funds and their helpful comments and review of this report. We gratefully acknowledge the field assistance of T. Yack of Hubbs-SeaWorld, and K. Moriarty, A. Rogers, K. Gaudet, E. Shea, T. Dodson, B. Marckmann, R. Beane, M. Masten, K. Moughamer, P. Squires, R. Kussow, A. Stutz, W. Owens, and R. Schlexer of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. J. Werren assisted in developing maps and conducting spatial analysis. S. Denes and T. Yack conducted the analyses of SLM data. We gratefully acknowledge Wyle Laboratories for permission to use custom software to process SLM data. We conducted the work with the cooperation of the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit and the High Sierra Ranger District (Sierra National Forest) of the USDA Forest Service. Snowmobiles were loaned to the project by the Pacific Southwest Research Station (Sierra Nevada Research Center), Klamath National Forest, and Six Rivers National Forest, and the following national forests loaned us cameras: Eldorado, Modoc, Plumas, Sequoia, Six Rivers, and Stanislaus. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 41 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1558 EP 1571 DI 10.2193/2007-397 PG 14 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800015 ER PT J AU Dorr, BS Burger, LW Barras, SC AF Dorr, Brian S. Burger, Loren W. Barras, Scott C. TI Evaluation of aerial cluster sampling of double-crested cormorants on aquaculture ponds in Mississippi SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aerial surveys; aquaculture; catfish; Mississippi; Phalacrocorax auritus; Yazoo Basin ID DELTA REGION; NATURAL-RESOURCES; ROOST HARASSMENT; MOVEMENTS AB Concern over increasing numbers of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and their impacts on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture has resulted in increased need for quantitative information to develop and evaluate depredation management efforts. We evaluated aerial surveys in a stratified cluster sampling (SCS) design to estimate and monitor abundance of cormorants on catfish aquaculture ponds in the Yazoo River Basin of Mississippi, USA (hereafter Yazoo Basin). Twice monthly abundance estimates and coefficient of variation during winter averaged 8,128 (n = 29, SE = 1,233) and 33% (n = 29, SE = 0.02), respectively. Counts of cormorants on catfish aquaculture ponds between survey years were correlated (r = 0.87, n = 28). The correlation between diurnal counts of cormorants on ponds and cormorant night roost counts was 0.64 in 2000-2001 and 0.58 in 2003-2004 (n = 20 in both years). A priori estimates of sample size indicated an average increase in sampling effort of 39% (luring peak periods of cormorant use would be necessary to detect a +/- 15% change in cormorant abundance on aquaculture ponds at alpha = 0.05 and beta = 0.80. The sampling design we used has the potential to be an effective tool for providing quantitative information oil cormorant abundance on catfish aquaculture ponds in the Yazoo Basin. However, increased sampling effort would be necessary to obtain desired levels of precision. The SCS design we evaluated represents only one of many possible survey methods, and we recommend additional evaluation of this method and related survey methods. C1 [Dorr, Brian S.; Barras, Scott C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Burger, Loren W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Dorr, BS (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Box 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM brian.s.dorr@aphis.usda.gov OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1634 EP 1640 DI 10.2193/2007-308 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 344MF UT WOS:000258930800024 ER PT J AU Pas, A Dubey, JP AF Pas, An Dubey, J. P. TI Fatal toxoplasmosis in sand cats (Felis margarita) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Felis margarita; sand cat; Toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis ID GONDII TISSUE CYSTS; OTOCOLOBUS-MANUL; INFECTIVITY; DIAGNOSIS; RESPONSES; OOCYSTS; PORK AB The sand cat (Felis margarita) is a small-sized felid Occurring in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The sand cat captive-breeding program Lit the Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife in Sharjah, UAE. has until recently been severely compromised by very high newborn mortality rates. Two different pairs of sand cats gave birth, respectively, to one and two litters (with a total of eight kittens) between 1999 and 2006. Seven out of eight kittens died between the third and 21st wk of life. Toxoplasmosis was confirmed as the cause of death in these two litters. Adult cats had high antibody titers to Toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy. suggesting that maternal immunity did not protect the kittens against infection with T. gondii and that maternal immunity might not have prevented transplacental transmission of the parasite. This observation contrasts with what is seen in domestic cats. To date, this is the first report on confirmed fatal toxoplasmosis and prevalence of T. gondii in sand cats. C1 [Pas, An] Breeding Ctr Endangered Arabian Wildlife, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. [Dubey, J. P.] Anim Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pas, A (reprint author), Breeding Ctr Endangered Arabian Wildlife, POB 29922, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. EM breeding@epaa-shj.gov.ae NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 39 IS 3 BP 362 EP 369 DI 10.1638/2007-0149.1 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 351ID UT WOS:000259417000010 PM 18816998 ER PT J AU Cooley, AJ Taus, NS Li, H AF Cooley, A. Jim Taus, Naomi S. Li, Hong TI Development of a management program for a mixed species wildlife park following an occurrence of malignant catarrhal fever SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Cervidae; infectious disease; malignant catarrhal fever; mouflon sheep; ovine herpesvirus 2; wildlife; park ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; OVINE HERPESVIRUS-2; VIRUS GROUP; SHEEP; TRANSMISSION; RUMINANTS; ANTIBODY; LAMBS; AGENT; BISON AB During late 2001 and early 2002, a mixed species wildlife park in North Carolina experienced all acute outbreak of morbidity and mortality in Pere David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus). axis deer (Axis axis). blackbuck antelope (Antelope cervicapra). white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervies elaphus). Clinical signs varied from fulminant disease, progressing from depression to bloody scours to death in fewer than 4 clays in Pere David's deer, to a more protracted form of disease. ranging from 2 wk to 3 mo. in axis deer. In moribund axis deer, high levels of anti-malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) virus antibody by competitive-inhibition enzyme-liniked immunosorbent assay were detected. Ovine herpesvials 2 (OvHV-2) DNA was detected in peripheral blood leukocytes of the affected axis deer. No other MCF viruses were detected. Retrospective examination of frozen tissue samples from the affected Pere David's deer and blackbuck antelope also confirmed the presence of OvHV-2 DNA. Initial control efforts were directed at preventing further deaths of clinically susceptible animals by removing MCF virus reservoir species, particularly ovine species. The most prevalent ovine species in the wildlife Park was Mouflon Sheep (Ovis musimon). All sheep were removed from the park by June 2002. and the last MCF death occurred in October 2002. Since mouflon sheep had been a prominent attraction in the wildlife park, the owner wanted it means to reintroduce this species to the park. Derivation of OvHV-2-uninfected mouflon lambs Was undertaken using the previously described program for production of OvHV-2-free sheep (Ovis ovis). The rederived MCF virus-negative mouflon sheep were introduced into the park in approximately January 2004. As of December 2007, no further cases of MCF have occurred since the removal of OvHV-2-positive mouflon sheep and reintroduction of the vials-free lambs. This paper describes the successful management and control of MCF in a densely populated mixed species animal park. C1 [Cooley, A. Jim] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Taus, Naomi S.; Li, Hong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Cooley, AJ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM Cooley@cvm.msstate.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [CWU 5348-32000-024-OOD] FX This work was Partly supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS; CWU 5348-32000-024-OOD). We thank the staff at the North Carolina Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System for their assistance. We also thank Janice Keller, Lori Fuller, and Shirley Elias at the Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS. and Washington State University for excellent technical assistance. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 39 IS 3 BP 380 EP 385 DI 10.1638/2007-0181.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 351ID UT WOS:000259417000012 PM 18817000 ER PT J AU Wunschmann, A Armien, A Harris, NB Brown-Elliott, BA Wallace, RJ Rasmussen, J Willette, M Wolf, T AF Wuenschmann, Arno Armien, Anibal Harris, N. Beth Brown-Elliott, Barbara A. Wallace, Richard J., Jr. Rasmussen, James Willette, Michelle Wolf, Tiffany TI Disseminated panniculitis in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) due to Mycobacterium chelonae infection SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bottlenose dolphin; Tursiops truncatus; Mycobacterium chelonae; pyogranulomatous panniculitis ID RAPIDLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; DENDRITIC CELLS; CLARITHROMYCIN; IDENTIFICATION; TUBERCULOSIS; IMMUNITY; MANATEE; SEX AB A 14-year-old female bottlenose dolphin was diagnosed with mycobacterial panniculitis based on punch biopsy specimens. The necropsy revealed numerous pyogranulomas in the blubber, as well as marked acute multifocal necrosuppurative pneumonia and lymphadenitis. In addition, the animal had marked scoliosis, which had first been noted clinically in the dolphin at about 1 mo of age. The animal had been treated with low-dose dexamethasone for approximately the last 19 mo to reduce perceived discomfort from spondyloarthritis and with the progestational agent altrogenest for approximately 8 yr to prevent pregnancy. Acid-fast positive bacilli were detected in the dermis but not in lung or lymph nodes. Mycobacterium chelonae was isolated from pooled skin, lung, and peripheral lymph-node tissue. Mycobacterial infection may be considered as a differential diagnosis in bottlenose dolphins with generalized cutaneous inflammation, particularly if chronic steroid and progesterone treatments were administered. both of which may have an immunomodulatory effect. C1 [Wuenschmann, Arno; Armien, Anibal] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Minnesota Vet Diagnost Lab, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Harris, N. Beth] Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Brown-Elliott, Barbara A.; Wallace, Richard J., Jr.] Univ Texas Hlth Ctr Tyler, Dept Microbiol Biomed Res, Mycobacteria Nocardia Lab, Tyler, TX 75708 USA. [Rasmussen, James; Willette, Michelle; Wolf, Tiffany] Minnesota Zool Gardens, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA. RP Wunschmann, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Minnesota Vet Diagnost Lab, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM wunsc001@umn.edu RI Armien, Anibal/A-6546-2010 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 39 IS 3 BP 412 EP 420 DI 10.1638/2007-0135.1 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 351ID UT WOS:000259417000017 ER PT J AU Huntsberry, ME Charles, D Adams, KM Weed, JL AF Huntsberry, Mary E. Charles, Debbie Adams, Kristina M. Weed, James L. TI The foraging ball as a quick and easy enrichment device for pigs (Sus scrofa) SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; AGGRESSIVE-BEHAVIOR; FINISHING PIGS; GROWING PIGS; WEANED PIGS; SYSTEMS; TOY AB Providing research pigs with enrichment objects can encourage species-typical behavior such as rooting and foraging. The authors gave pigs hard plastic 'foraging balls' that resembled enrichment devices commonly used for nonhuman primates. Holes were custom-drilled into the balls, and animal caretakers filled them with palatable food items such as jellybeans, unsalted peanuts, cereal, Beggin' Strips, primate biscuits and dog biscuits. Staff members suspended the balls from chains in pigs' enclosures, ensuring that toys did not touch the floor. All pigs manipulated the balls and were able to obtain treats that were supplemental to their standard diet. The simple and effective enrichment device was easily incorporated into the daily routines of research facilities, with little disruption to schedules. C1 [Huntsberry, Mary E.] SoBran Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. [Huntsberry, Mary E.; Weed, James L.] NIH, Div Vet Resources, ORS, DHHS, Bethesda, MD USA. [Charles, Debbie] Tuskegee Univ, Coll Vet Med, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Adams, Kristina M.] ARS, USDA, NAL, AWIC, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Huntsberry, ME (reprint author), SoBran Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. EM huntsmar@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 37 IS 9 BP 411 EP 414 DI 10.1038/laban0908-411 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 340QW UT WOS:000258661100007 PM 18719693 ER PT J AU Schepers, JS AF Schepers, James S. TI Potential of precision agriculture to protect water bodies from negative impacts of agriculture SO LANDBAUFORSCHUNG VOLKENRODE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Protecting Water Bodies from Negative Impacts of Agriculture - Challenges of Precision Agriculture and Remote Sensing CY NOV 28-29, 2007 CL Niedersachsen, GERMANY DE crop sensors; economic incentives; nutrients; nitrogen; remote sensing; water quality ID MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS AB Precision agriculture is sometimes promoted as the solution to controlling non-point contamination of surface and ground water. The potential is high for improved nutrient management practices to protect water quality and promote agricultural sustainability, but these efforts must be undertaken with due consideration of the uncertainties associated with weather and crop growth patterns. Synchronizing nutrient availability with crop nutrient needs is an important key to making progress. Site-specific management tools, including remote sensing, enable producers and consultants to improve many aspects of crop management. C1 USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Schepers, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, 120 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Jim.Schepers@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU FORSCHUNGSANSTALT FUR LANDWIRT BRAUNSCHWEIG VOLKENRODE PI BRAUNSCHWEIG PA BUNDESALLEE 50, D-38116 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY SN 0458-6859 J9 LANDBAUFORSCH VOLK JI Landbauforsch. Volk. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 58 IS 3 BP 153 EP 160 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 352SS UT WOS:000259518300002 ER PT J AU Rice, WC AF Rice, W. C. TI Evaluation of genome-derived amplicon length polymorphism PCR primers for the genetic evaluation of related strains of Salmonella SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ALP-PCR; microbial typing; molecular typing; Salmonella; SARB reference set ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; COLI O157-H7; PARATYPHI C; ENTERICA; TYPHI; SEQUENCE; SEROTYPES; K-12 AB Aims: The intent of this study is to exploit both the genetic diversity and conservation demonstrated between the Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar Typhi CT18 and Salm. enterica ssp. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 genomes by utilizing amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) to detect and differentiate various Salmonella strains. Methods and Results: Methods of ALP-PCR analysis were developed based on identifying DNA sequence deletions within highly homologous regions of the Salm. Typhi CT18 and Salm. Typhimurium LT2 genomes. This study describes the application of genome-based ALP-PCR using primer pairs designed to detect genomic differences present within both Salmonella genomes and evaluated against a reference set of Salmonella strains. Conclusions: This study defines a collection of primer sequences broadly distributed along the Salmonella genome that can differentiate various Salmonella strains. Significance and Impact of the Study: Genome-based ALP-PCR provides a useful and powerful analytical method to evaluate variability within a group of Salmonella strains independent of serological, phenotypic or other molecular approaches. C1 USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Rice, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10,2300 Expt Stn Rd, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM William.Rice@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 158 EP 166 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02400.x PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 342LE UT WOS:000258784800004 PM 19552779 ER PT J AU Allan, MF Smith, TPL AF Allan, M. F. Smith, T. P. L. TI Present and future applications of DNA technologies to improve beef production SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology CY AUG 10-15, 2008 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA DE molecular genetics; quantitative trait loci; SNP; DNA; whole-genome selection ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; CARCASS TRAITS; MEAT TENDERNESS; BOS-TAURUS; BOVINE CHROMOSOME-14; PHENOTYPIC VARIATION; MISSENSE MUTATION; AFFECTING GROWTH AB Substantial improvements in production efficiency and quality of beef and dairy products have been made possible through manipulation of bovine genetics. The advent of modern breeds in the last two centuries, the institution of phenotypic selection practices and quantitative genetics, even the process of domestication in the distant past, have all represented means to make use of naturally occurring variation in the genome to tailor the animal for a desired outcome. We discuss the history of genome research in cattle and recent technological advances that promise a leap forward in the use of DNA sequence to facilitate selection, in which a detailed genome-level view for individual animals may provide comprehensive and relatively accurate assessment of the consequences, both desired and unintended, of genetic selection for livestock production. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Allan, M. F.; Smith, T. P. L.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Allan, MF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Mark.allan@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 80 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.05.023 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 329ET UT WOS:000257850400010 PM 22063172 ER PT J AU Tai, YS AF Tai, Yin-Shan TI Interactome of signaling networks in wheat: the protein-protein interaction between TaRAR1 and TaSGT1 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Lr21; TaRAR1; TaSGT1 ID DISEASE RESISTANCE PROTEIN; TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; MEDIATED RESISTANCE; UBIQUITIN-LIGASE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PLANT IMMUNITY; ARABIDOPSIS; RAR1; SGT1; COMPLEX AB RAR1 and SGT1 are required for development and disease resistance in plants. In many cases, RAR1 and SGT1 regulate the resistance (R)-gene-mediated defense signaling pathways. Lr21 is the first identified NBS-LRR-type R protein in wheat and is required for resistance to the leaf rust pathogen. The Lr21-mediated signaling pathways require the wheat homologs of RAR1, SGT1, and HSP90. However, the molecular mechanisms of the Lr21-mediated signaling networks remain unknown. Here I present the DNA and protein sequences of TaRAR1 and TaSGT1, and demonstrate for the first time a direct protein-protein interaction between them. C1 ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Tai, YS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Yinshantai@gmail.com NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4851 J9 MOL BIOL REP JI Mol. Biol. Rep. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 35 IS 3 BP 337 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s11033-007-9091-5 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 330OO UT WOS:000257952900008 PM 17564813 ER PT J AU Chu, CG Xu, SS Friesen, TL Faris, JD AF Chu, C. -G. Xu, S. S. Friesen, T. L. Faris, J. D. TI Whole genome mapping in a wheat doubled haploid population using SSRs and TRAPs and the identification of QTL for agronomic traits SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; embryo rescue; TRAPs; SSRs; agronomic trait ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; X MAIZE CROSSES; BREAD-WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; HEXAPLOID WHEATS; PLANT HEIGHT; REGION AB Genetic maps are useful for detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with quantitative traits and for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. In this research, we used the wheat x maize method to develop a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from the synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) line TA4152-60 and the North Dakota hard red spring wheat line ND495. The population consisted of 213 lines, of which a subset of 120 lines was randomly selected and used to construct linkage maps of all 21 chromosomes and for QTL detection. The whole genome maps consisted of 632 markers including 410 SSRs, 218 TRAPs, 1 RFLP, and 3 phenotypic markers, and spanned 3,811.5 cM with an average density of one marker per 6.03 cM. Telomere sequence-based TRAPs allowed us to define the ends of seven linkage groups. Analysis revealed major QTLs associated with the traits of days to heading on chromosomes 5A and 5B, plant height on chromosomes 4D and 5A, and spike characteristics on chromosomes 3D, 4A, 4D, 5A and 5B. The DH population and genetic map will be a useful tool for the identification of disease resistance QTL and agronomically important loci, and will aid in the identification and development of markers for MAS. C1 [Xu, S. S.; Friesen, T. L.; Faris, J. D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Chu, C. -G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Justin.Faris@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 251 EP 266 DI 10.1007/s11032-008-9171-9 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 330OQ UT WOS:000257953100010 ER PT J AU Gadaleta, A Blechl, AE Nguyen, S Cardone, MF Ventura, M Quick, JS Blanco, A AF Gadaleta, A. Blechl, A. E. Nguyen, S. Cardone, M. F. Ventura, M. Quick, J. S. Blanco, A. TI Stably expressed D-genome-derived HMW glutenin subunit genes transformed into different durum wheat genotypes change dough mixing properties SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE durum wheat; transformation; glutenin subunits; fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; TRANSGENIC WHEAT; MICROPROJECTILE BOMBARDMENT; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; BREAD WHEAT; LINES; INTEGRATION; INHERITANCE; STRENGTH AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) is traditionally used for the production of numerous types of pasta, and significant amounts are also used for bread-making, particularly in southern Italy. The research reported here centres on the glutenin subunits 1Dx5 and 1Dy10 encoded by chromosome 1D, and whose presence in hexaploid wheats is positively correlated with higher dough strength. In order to study the effects of stable expression of the 1Dx5 and 1Dy10 glutenin subunits in different durum wheat genotypes, four cultivars commonly grown in the Mediterranean area ('Svevo', 'Creso', 'Varano' and 'Latino') were co-transformed, via particle bombardment of cultured immature embryos, with the two wheat genes Glu-D1-1d and Glu-D1-2b encoding the glutenin subunits, and a third plasmid containing the bar gene as a selectable marker. Protein gel analyses of T(1) generation seed extracts showed expression of one or both glutenin genes in four different transformed durum wheat plants. One of these transgenic lines, DC2-65, showed co-suppression of all HMW-GS, including the endogenous ones. Transgene stability in the transgenic lines has been studied over four generations (T(1)-T(4)). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of metaphase chromosomes from T(4) plants showed that the integration of transgenes occurred in both telomeric and centromeric regions. The three plasmids were found inserted at a single locus in two lines and in two loci on the same chromosome arm in one line. The fourth line had two transgenic loci on different chromosomes: one with both glutenin plasmids and a different one containing only the construct with the gene encoding the 1Dy10 glutenin subunit. Segregation of these two loci in subsequent generations allowed establishment of two sublines, one containing both 1Dx5 and 1Dy10 and the other containing only 1Dy10. Small-scale quality tests showed that accumulation of Dx5, Dy10 or both in transgenic durum wheat seeds resulted in doughs with stronger mixing characteristics. C1 [Gadaleta, A.; Blanco, A.] Univ Bari, Dept Environm & Agroforestry Biol & Chem, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Blechl, A. E.; Nguyen, S.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Cardone, M. F.; Ventura, M.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Genet & Microbiol, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Quick, J. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Gadaleta, A (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dept Environm & Agroforestry Biol & Chem, Sect Genet & Plant Breeding, Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM agata.gadaleta@agr.uniba.it RI Ventura, Mario/E-6420-2011; Cardone, Maria Francesca/G-8818-2012; OI Ventura, Mario/0000-0001-7762-8777; Cardone, Maria Francesca/0000-0002-7597-7313; BLANCO, ANTONIO/0000-0002-2222-1133 NR 50 TC 12 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s11032-008-9172-8 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 330OQ UT WOS:000257953100011 ER PT J AU Shrinivas, K Kester, K Martin, PAW Brown, B AF Shrinivas, K. Kester, K. Martin, P. A. W. Brown, B. TI Molecular markers to determine the ecological fate of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp kurstaki SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; PCR marker; subspecies ID VAR. KURSTAKI; ANTHRACIS; STRAINS; CEREUS AB A set of DNA markers was developed that successfully identifies Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki (Btk) when screened against other Bacillus species and subspecies. These subspecies-specific primer sets allowed detection and characterization of Btk within an environmental background that contained many Bacillus species. Because Btk is used as an active ingredient in many commercial formulations, yet is not naturally widely distributed in North America or Europe, these markers will prove useful in investigations on the environmental persistence and ecological fate of Btk. C1 [Shrinivas, K.; Kester, K.; Brown, B.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Martin, P. A. W.] ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Brown, B (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM blbrown@vcu.edu FU DARPA, Controlled Biological Systems [N66001-01-C-8019] FX This study was funded by DARPA, Controlled Biological Systems (N66001-01-C-8019) to K. Kester and B. Brown. We thank Dr Cy Chen and Certis USA for providing Javelin WG, Dr Joany Jackman for advice and assistance with microbial and molecular techniques and analyses, Dr Li Li for help with molecular analyses Mary Toothman and Sumona Kabir for assistance With Culturing and documenting the Btk isolates, and Dr Jonathan Lundgre, USDA-ARS, for providing soil samples for this project. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1145 EP 1148 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02207.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 345LA UT WOS:000258997100060 PM 21585997 ER PT J AU Bhattarai, KK Xie, QG Mantelin, S Bishnoi, U Girke, T Navarre, DA Kaloshian, I AF Bhattarai, Kishor K. Xie, Qi-Guang Mantelin, Sophie Bishnoi, Usha Girke, Thomas Navarre, Duroy A. Kaloshian, Isgouhi TI Tomato Susceptibility to Root-Knot Nematodes Requires an Intact Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Coi-I; plant defense; prate incise inhibitors ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GENES; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; RESISTANCE GENE; DEFENSE RESPONSES; MI-1-MEDIATED RESISTANCE; APHID RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; POTATO APHID; EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS AB Responses of resistant (Mi-1/Mi-1) and susceptible (mi-1/mi-1) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) infection were monitored using cDNA microarrays, and the roles of salicylic acid (SA) and,jasmonic acid (JA) defense signaling were evaluated in these interactions. Array analysis was used to compare transcript profiles in incompatible and compatible interactions of tomato roots 24 h after RKN infestation. The jail and defI tomato mutant, altered in JA signaling, and tomato transgenic line NahG, altered in SA signaling, in the presence or absence of the RKN resistance gene Mi-I, were evaluated. The array analysis identified 1,497 and 750 genes differentially regulated in the incompatible and compatible interactions, respectively. Of the differentially regulated genes, 37% were specific to the incompatible interactions. NahG affected neither Mi-I resistance nor basal defenses to RKNs. However, jail reduced tomato susceptibility to RKNs while not affecting Mi-1 resistance. In contrast, the def1 mutant did not affect RKN susceptibility. These results indicate that JA-dependent signaling does not play a role in Mi-1-mediated defense; however, an intact JA signaling pathway is required for tomato susceptibility to RKNs. In addition, low levels of SA might be sufficient for basal and Mi-1 resistance to RKNs. C1 [Bhattarai, Kishor K.; Xie, Qi-Guang; Mantelin, Sophie; Bishnoi, Usha; Kaloshian, Isgouhi] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Ctr Plant Cell Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Girke, Thomas] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Ctr Plant Cell Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Navarre, Duroy A.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Kaloshian, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Ctr Plant Cell Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM isgouhi.kaloshian@ucr.edu RI Bhattarai, Kishor/E-7190-2011 FU National Science Foundation [10130543937]; University of California Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank (he: L,. Walling Lab members (University of California [UC]. Riverside) and V. M. Williamson (UC Davis) for helpful discussions. We also thank T. Eulgem (UC Riverside) for discussions and helpful comments on the manuscript. H. Jin (UC Riverside) for advice on qPCR, and J. Borneman (UC Riverside) for access to the leveler in his laboratory. This work was supported by grants from University of California Agricultural Experiment Station and the National Science Foundation (10130543937) to I. Kaloshian. NR 55 TC 76 Z9 83 U1 6 U2 37 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1205 EP 1214 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-9-1205 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 395DF UT WOS:000262501800007 PM 18700825 ER PT J AU Bolton, MD Kolmer, JA Garvin, DF AF Bolton, Melvin D. Kolmer, James A. Garvin, David F. TI Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID F-SP TRITICI; COMMON WHEAT; STEM RUST; PHYSIOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; MOLECULAR POLYMORPHISM; USTILAGO-MAYDIS; WESTERN-EUROPE; UNITED-STATES; 2 POPULATIONS; SPRING WHEAT AB Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is the most common rust disease of wheat. The fungus is an obligate parasite capable of producing infectious urediniospores as long as infected leaf tissue remains alive. Urediniospores can be wind-disseminated and infect host plants hundreds of kilometres from their source plant, which can result in wheat leaf rust epidemics on a continental scale. This review summarizes current knowledge of the P. triticina/wheat interaction with emphasis on the infection process, molecular aspects of pathogenicity, rust resistance genes in wheat, genetics of the host parasite interaction, and the population biology of P. triticina. Taxonomy: Puccinia triticina Eriks.: kingdom Fungi, phylum Basidiomycota, class Urediniomycetes, order Uredinales, family Pucciniaceae, genus Puccinia. Host range: Telial/uredinial (primary) hosts: common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (T. turgidum L. var. durum), cultivated emmer wheat (T. dicoccon) and wild emmer wheat (T. dicoccoides), Aegilops speltoides, goatgrass (Ae. cylindrica), and triticale (X Triticosecale). Pycnial/aecial (alternative) hosts: Thalictrum speciosissimum (= T. flavum glaucum) and Isopyrum fumaroides. Identification: Leaf rust is characterized by the uredinial stage. Uredinia are up to 1.5 mm in diameter, erumpent, round to ovoid, with orange to brown uredinia that are scattered on both the upper and the lower leaf surfaces of the primary host. Uredinia produce urediniospores that are sub-globoid, average 20 mu m in diameter and are orange-brown, with up to eight germ pores scattered in thick, echinulate walls. Disease symptoms: Wheat varieties that are fully susceptible have large uredinia without causing chlorosis or necrosis in the host tissues. Resistant wheat varieties are characterized by various responses from small hypersensitive flecks to small to moderate size uredinia that may be surrounded by chlorotic and/or necrotic zones. USDA Cereal Disease Laboratory: http://www.ars.usda.gov/mwa/cdl. C1 [Bolton, Melvin D.; Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolmer, James A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Garvin, DF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, 411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM David.Garvin@ars.usda.gov NR 121 TC 85 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 9 IS 5 BP 563 EP 575 DI 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2008.00487.X PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337YT UT WOS:000258472100001 PM 19018988 ER PT J AU Meinhardt, LW Rincones, J Bailey, BA Aime, MC Griffith, GW Zhang, DP Pereira, GAG AF Meinhardt, Lyndel W. Rincones, Johana Bailey, Bryan A. Aime, M. Catherine Griffith, Gareth W. Zhang, Dapeng Pereira, Goncalo A. G. TI Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches' broom disease of cacao: what's new from this old foe? SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COCOA THEOBROMA-CACAO; FROSTY POD ROT; CRINIPELLIS-PERNICIOSA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TRICHODERMA-STROMATICUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; BIOTROPHIC-LIKE; PLANT-DISEASES; SOUTH-AMERICA; PATHOGEN AB Moniliophthora perniciosa (= Crinipellis perniciosa) causes one of the three main fungal diseases of Theobroma cacao (cacao), the source of chocolate. This pathogen causes Witches' broom disease (WBD) and has brought about severe economic losses in all of the cacao-growing regions to which it has spread with yield reductions that range from 50 to 90%. Cacao production in South America reflects the severity of this pathogen, as the yields in most of the infected regions have not returned to pre-outbreak levels, even with the introduction of resistant varieties. In this review we give a brief historical account and summarize the current state of knowledge focusing on developments in the areas of systematics, fungal physiology, biochemistry, genomics and gene expression in an attempt to highlight this disease. Moniliophthora perniciosa is a hemibiotrophic fungus with two distinct growth phases. The ability to culture a biotrophic-like phase in vitro along with new findings derived from the nearly complete genome and expression studies clearly show that these different fungal growth phases function under distinct metabolic parameters. These new findings have greatly improved our understanding of this fungal/host interaction and we may be at the crossroads of understanding how hemibiotrophic fungal plant pathogens cause disease in other crops. Historical summary of WBD: The first WDB symptoms appear to have been described in the diaries of Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira (described as lagartao; meaning big lizard) from his observations of cacao trees in 1785 and 1787 in Amazonia, which is consistent with the generally accepted idea that M. perniciosa, like its main host T. cacao, evolved in this region. The disease subsequently arrived in Surinam in 1895. WBD moved rapidly, spreading to Guyana in 1906, Ecuador in 1918, Trinidad in 1928, Colombia in 1929 and Grenada in 1948. In each case, cacao production was catastrophically affected with yield reductions of 50-90%. After the arrival of M. perniciosa in Bahia in 1989, Brazil went from being the world's 3rd largest producer of cacao (347 000 tonnes in 1988-1990; c. 15% of the total world production at that time) to a net importer (141 000 tonnes in 1998-2000). Fortunately for chocolate lovers, other regions of the world such as West Africa and South East Asia have not yet been affected by this disease and have expanded production to meet growing world demand (predicted to reach 3 700 000 tonnes by 2010). Classification: Moniliophthora perniciosa (Stahel) Aime & Phillips-Mora: super-kingdom Eukaryota; kingdom Fungi; phylum Basidiomycota; subphylum Agaricomycotina; class Agaricomycetes; subclass Agaricomycetidae; order Agaricales; family Marasmiaceae; genus Moniliophthora. Useful websites: www.lge.ibi.unicamp.br/vassoura/, nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/keys/TrichodermaIndex.cfm, www.worldcocoafoundation.org/info-center/research-updates. asp, www.ars.usda.gov/ba/psi/spcl. C1 [Meinhardt, Lyndel W.; Bailey, Bryan A.; Zhang, Dapeng] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rincones, Johana; Pereira, Goncalo A. G.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Genom & Expressao, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Aime, M. Catherine] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Griffith, Gareth W.] Univ Wales, Inst Biol Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DD, Ceredigion, Wales. RP Meinhardt, LW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lyndel.meinhardt@ars.usda.gov RI Pereira, Goncalo /B-7944-2012; griffith, gareth/A-1970-2009; Rincones, Johana/I-6337-2013 NR 96 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 9 IS 5 BP 577 EP 588 DI 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2008.00496.X PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337YT UT WOS:000258472100002 PM 19018989 ER PT J AU Zhong, SY Li, J Whiteman, CD Bian, XD Yao, WQ AF Zhong, Shiyuan Li, Ju Whiteman, C. David Bian, Xindi Yao, Wenqing TI Climatology of high wind events in the Owens Valley, California SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; COUNTERCURRENT AB The climatology of high wind events in the Owens Valley, California, a deep valley located just east of the southern Sierra Nevada, is described using data from six automated weather stations distributed along the valley axis in combination with the North American Regional Reanalysis dataset. Potential mechanisms for the development of strong winds in the valley are examined. Contrary to the common belief that strong winds in the Owens Valley are westerly downslope windstorms that develop on the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada, strong westerly winds are rare in the valley. Instead, strong winds are highly bidirectional, blowing either up (northward) or down (southward) the valley axis. High wind events are most frequent in spring and early fall and they occur more often during daytime than during nighttime, with a peak frequency in the afternoon. Unlike thermally driven valley winds that blow up valley during daytime and down valley during nighttime, strong winds may blow in either direction regardless of the time of the day. The southerly up-valley winds appear most often in the afternoon, a time when there is a weak minimum of northerly down-valley winds, indicating that strong wind events are modulated by local along-valley thermal forcing. Several mechanisms, including downward momentum transfer, forced channeling, and pressure-driven channeling all play a role in the development of southerly high wind events. These events are typically accompanied by strong south-southwesterly synoptic winds ahead of an upper-level trough off the California coast. The northerly high wind events, which typically occur when winds aloft are from the northwest ahead of an approaching upper-level ridge, are predominantly caused by the passage of a cold front when fast-moving cold air behind the surface front undercuts and displaces the warmer air in the valley. Forced channeling by the sidewalls of the relatively narrow valley aligns the wind direction with the valley axis and enhances the wind speeds. C1 [Zhong, Shiyuan; Yao, Wenqing] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Li, Ju] Inst Urban Meteorol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Whiteman, C. David] Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bian, Xindi] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Zhong, SY (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0646299, ATM-0521742, ATM-0521776] FX We thank Mr. Jim Parker at GBUAPCD for providing the surface data for the analyses and for useful discussions. This research was supported by National Science Foundation Grants ATM-0646299 and ATM-0521742 (Zhong) and ATM-0521776 (Whiteman). NR 20 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 136 IS 9 BP 3536 EP 3552 DI 10.1175/2008MWR2348.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 349QF UT WOS:000259295200020 ER PT J AU Jena, P Harnish, RL Fischer, J Dresselhaus, M AF Jena, Puru Harnish, Reno L., III Fischer, James Dresselhaus, Mildred TI Global views on advancing renewable energies SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jena, Puru] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Harnish, Reno L., III] US Dept State, Bur Oceans Environm & Sci, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Fischer, James] USDA, Res Educ & Econ Mission Area, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Jena, P (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 9 BP 824 EP 825 DI 10.1557/mrs2008.175 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 349VU UT WOS:000259312200013 ER PT J AU Rojas, EI Herre, EA Mejia, LC Arnold, AE Chaverri, P Samuels, GJ AF Rojas, Enith I. Herre, Edward Allen Mejia, Luis C. Arnold, A. Elizabeth Chaverri, Priscila Samuels, Gary J. TI Endomelanconiopsis, a new anamorph genus in the Botryosphaeriaceae SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Austrocenangium; Endomelanconium; endophytic fungi; Heisteria concinna; systematics; Theobroma cacao ID TROPICAL FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; SP-NOV; DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY; PHOMOPSIS; INFERENCE; TAXONOMY; LEAVES; PLANTS; TREES AB A new lineage is discovered within the Botryosphaetiaceae (Ascomycetes, Dothideomycetes, incertae sedis). Consistent with current practice of providing generic names for independent lineages, this lineage is described as Endomelanconiopsis gen. nov., with the anamorphic species E. endophytica sp. nov. and E. microspora comb. nov. (= Endomelanconium microsporum). Endomelanconiopsis is characterized by eustromatic conidiomata and holoblastically produced, brown, nonapiculate, unicellular conidia, produced, brown, nonapiculate, unicellular conidia, each with a longitudinal germ slit. Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequences of LSU. ITS and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1) indicate that E. endophytica is sister of E. microspora and that they are nested within the Botryosphaeriaceae. However because there is no support for the "backbone" of the Botryosphaeriacae we are not able to see the interrelationships among the many genera ill the Family. Neither species is known to have a teleomorph. Endomelanconiopsis differs from Endomelanconium because conidia of the type species of the type species of E. pini, are papillate at the base, conidiogenous cells proliferate sympodially and the pycnidial wall is thinner; we positulate that the teleomorph of E. pini as yet unknown is an inoperculate discomycete. endophytica, was isolated as all endophyte from healthy, leaves of Theobroma cacao (cacao, Malvaceae) and Heisteria concinna. (Erythroplaceae) in Panama. Endomelanconiopsis microspora was isolated from soil ill Europe. C1 [Samuels, Gary J.] USDA ARS, Syst Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rojas, Enith I.; Herre, Edward Allen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Mejia, Luis C.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Arnold, A. Elizabeth] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Chaverri, Priscila] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Samuels, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Syst Mycol & Microbiol Lab, B-011A,Room 304,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.samuels@ars.usda.gov OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033 NR 52 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 100 IS 5 BP 760 EP 775 DI 10.3852/07-207 PG 16 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 365VC UT WOS:000260436100011 PM 18959162 ER PT J AU Raish, C Mcsweeney, AM AF Raish, Carol Mcsweeney, Alice M. TI Land Grants and the U. S. Forest Service SO NATURAL RESOURCES JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Forest Service (Forest Service) has a long, shared history with the land grants of northern New Mexico. During the land grant adjudication process after U.S. conquest, much common land from both Spanish and Mexican land grants was declared public domain, eventually becoming part of the northern and central New Mexico National Forests. These forests were established during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Other lands went into private ownership and were later sold to the government. This paper focuses on the contemporary situation concerning land grants and the Forest Service. We explore current land-loss issues through the theoretical and historical framework of other indigenous cultures, whose experience with a colonizing force mirrors that of the initial northern New Mexico land grantees. This paper presents interview results with land grant heirs, now grazing permittees on the Carson and Santa Fe National Forests, and with Forest Service personnel in terms of resolving land- and resource-loss problems. A federal solution might include compromise on both sides for present-day problems deriving from past actions and policies of the Forest Service. We explore the question: Is there a middle ground or some area of agreement that would lower tensions and ameliorate, if not resolve, the conflict between land grant heirs and the federal government? C1 [Raish, Carol] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Raish, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO PI ALBUQUERQUE PA SCH LAW, MSC 11-6070, 1 UNIVERSITY NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131-0001 USA SN 0028-0739 J9 NAT RESOUR J JI Nat. Resour. J. PD FAL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1039 EP 1055 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Law SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA 539FQ UT WOS:000273239600009 ER PT J AU Panickar, KS Nonner, D White, MG Barrett, JN AF Panickar, Kiran S. Nonner, Doris White, Michael G. Barrett, John N. TI Overexpression of Cdk5 or non-phosphorylatable retinoblastoma protein protects septal neurons from oxygen-glucose deprivation SO NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cdc2; retinoblastoma; Cdk5; ischemia; transfection; neuron ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE-5; TRANSIENT FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; CELL-CYCLE; RAT-BRAIN; NMDA RECEPTORS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ACTIVATOR P35; C-JUN; EXPRESSION AB Activation of cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) contributes to neuronal death following ischemia. We used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in septal neuronal cultures to test for possible roles of cell cycle proteins in neuronal survival. Increased cdc2-immunoreactive neurons were observed at 24 h after the end of 5 h OGD. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) or GFP along with a wild type or dominant negative form of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), or cyclin-dependent kinase5 (Cdk5), were overexpressed using plasmid constructs. Following OGD, when compared to controls, neurons expressing both GFP and dominant negative Rb, Rb Delta K11, showed significantly less damage using microscopy imaging. Overexpression of Rb-wt did not affect survival. Surprisingly, overexpression of Cdk5-wild type significantly protected neurons from process disintegration but Cdk5T33, a dominant negative Cdk5, gave little or no protection. Thus phosphorylation of the cell cycle regulator, Rb, contributes to death in OGD in septal neurons but Cdk5 can have a protective role. C1 [Panickar, Kiran S.] USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Panickar, Kiran S.; Nonner, Doris; White, Michael G.; Barrett, John N.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Miami, FL 33101 USA. RP Panickar, KS (reprint author), USDA, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kiran.panickar@ars.usda.gov OI White, Michael/0000-0001-6817-7126 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 12207] NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-3190 J9 NEUROCHEM RES JI Neurochem. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1852 EP 1858 DI 10.1007/s11064-008-9647-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 332EJ UT WOS:000258064900024 PM 18351461 ER PT J AU Luppold, W Bumgardner, M AF Luppold, William Bumgardner, Matthew TI Regional analysis of hardwood lumber production: 1963-2005 SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE hardwood; lumber; supply AB Between 1963 and 2005 hardwood lumber production in the eastern United States increased by more than 50%. Production more than doubled in the northeastern and north central regions while increasing by less than 25% in the southeastern and south central regions. Increased lumber production in the northern regions was facilitated by an expanding sawtimber inventory, relative high volumes of select oak species and hard maple, an expanding kitchen cabinet industry, increased exports, and increased lumber demand by the pallet industry. Hardwood lumber production in the south central region was correlated with hardwood flooring production. When flooring production declined between 1963 and 1982, south central lumber production declined. After 1982 flooring production increased and hardwood lumber production in the south central region followed. By contrast, lumber production in the southeastern region has been tied to the fortunes of the wood and upholstered furniture industries. As furniture imports increased, the demand for lumber by these industries first stagnated and then declined. As a result, lumber production in this region declined between 1982 and 2005. Today, much of the commodity product portions of hardwood-demanding industries are facing international competition. By contrast, a driver of growth in hardwood lumber demand seems to be smaller manufacturers producing custom and semicustom products. These new industries tend to purchase higher-quality lumber but can use a variety of species. Therefore, states or regions with high volumes of timber and a broad composition of species have the greatest potential for future growth in hardwood lumber production. C1 [Luppold, William; Bumgardner, Matthew] US Forest Serv, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Luppold, W (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM wluppold@fs.fed.us; mbumgardner@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 25 IS 3 BP 146 EP 150 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 343NX UT WOS:000258861900005 ER PT J AU Fast, AJ Ducey, MJ Gove, JH Leak, WB AF Fast, Andrew J. Ducey, Mark J. Gove, Jeffrey H. Leak, William B. TI Dating tree mortality using log decay in the White Mountains of New Hampshire SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE coarse woody debris; downed wood; snags; dating mortality; New Hampshire ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; BOREAL FOREST; HARDWOOD LOGS AB Coarse woody material (CWM) is an important component of forest ecosystems. To meet specific CWM management objectives, it is important to understand rates of decay. We present results from a silvicultural trial at the Bartlett Experimental Forest, in which time of death is known for a large sample of trees. Either a simple table or regression equations that use diameter, species group, and decay class can be used to predict time since mortality for a given log. C1 [Fast, Andrew J.; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Gove, Jeffrey H.; Leak, William B.] US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Fast, AJ (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Cooperat Extens,36 Cty Dr, Laconia, NH 03246 USA. EM andrew.fast@unh.edu; mjducey@cisunix.unh.edu; jgove@fd.fed.us; bleak@fs.fed.us RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2003-35101-13646] FX The project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2003-35101-13646. Matthew McKibben provided valuable assistance in the field. The authors gratefully acknowledge the advice of Charlie Cogbill over the course of this study. This article is scientific contribution number 2352 a the New, Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 25 IS 3 BP 154 EP 157 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 343NX UT WOS:000258861900007 ER PT J AU Ploeg, MLV Chang, HH Lin, BH AF Ploeg, Michele L. Ver Chang, Hung-Hao Lin, Biing-Hwan TI Over, under, or about right: Misperceptions of body weight among food stamp participants SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; ATTITUDES; HEALTH; WOMENS AB The purpose of this research was to investigate the associations between misperception of body weight and sociodemographic factors such as food stamp participation status, income, education, and race/ethnicity. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999-2004 and multivariate logistic regression are used to estimate how sociodemographic factors are associated with (i) the probability that overweight adults misperceive themselves as healthy weight; (ii) the probability that healthy-weight adults misperceive themselves as underweight; and (iii) the probability that healthy-weight adults misperceive themselves as overweight. NHANES data are representative of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population. The analysis included 4,362 men and 4,057 women. BMI derived from measured weight and height was used to classify individuals as healthy weight or overweight. These classifications were compared with self-reported categorical weight status. We find that differences across sociodemographic characteristics in the propensity to underestimate or overestimate weight status were more pronounced for women than for men. Overweight female food stamp participants were more likely to underestimate weight status than income-eligible nonparticipants. Among healthy-weight and overweight women, non-Hispanic black and Mexican-American women, and women with less education were more likely to underestimate actual weight status. We found few differences across sociodemographic characteristics for men. Misperceptions of weight are common among both overweight and healthy-weight individuals and vary across socioeconomic and demographic groups. The nutrition education component of the Food Stamp Program could increase awareness of healthy body weight among participants. C1 [Ploeg, Michele L. Ver; Lin, Biing-Hwan] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Chang, Hung-Hao] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. RP Ploeg, MLV (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM sverploeg@ers.usda.gov FU Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture; Department of Agricultural Economics at National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan FX All funding for the authors is from their respective employers. Ver Ploeg and Lin are employed by the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture. Chang is an assistant professor in the Department of Agricultural Economics at National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. The views expressed here are those of the authors and may not be attributed to the Economic Research Service or the US Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD SEP PY 2008 VL 16 IS 9 BP 2120 EP 2125 DI 10.1038/oby.2008.306 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 345KP UT WOS:000258996000018 ER PT J AU Bischoff-Ferrari, HA Orav, EJ Dawson-Hughes, B AF Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A. Orav, E. J. Dawson-Hughes, B. TI Additive benefit of higher testosterone levels and vitamin D plus calcium supplementation in regard to fall risk reduction among older men and women SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE falls; older individuals; sex hormones; testosterone ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS; SEX-HORMONE LEVELS; ELDERLY-MEN; BONE LOSS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ESTROGEN; ASSOCIATION; FRACTURES; ESTRADIOL AB Higher physiologic testosterone levels among community dwelling older men and women may protect against falls, and this benefit may be further increased among those taking additional vitamin D plus calcium. Introduction The aim of this study is to investigate sex hormone levels and fall risk in older men and women. Methods One hundred and ninety-nine men and 246 women age 65+ living at home were followed for 3 years after baseline assessment of sex hormones. Analyses controlled for several covariates, including baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D, sex hormone binding globulin, and vitamin D plus calcium treatment (vitD+cal). Results Compared to the lowest quartile, men and women in the highest quartile of total testosterone had a decreased odds of falling (men: OR = 0.22; 95% CI [0.07,0.72]/women: OR = 0.34; 95% CI [0.14,0.83]); if those individuals also took vitD+cal, the fall reduction was enhanced (men: OR = 0.16; 95% CI [0.03,0.90] / women: OR = 0.15; 95% CI [0.04,0.57]). Similarly, women in the top quartile of dihydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) had a lower risk of falling (OR = 0.39; 95% CI [0.16,0.93]). Other sex hormones and SHBG did not predict falling in men or women. Conclusions Higher testosterone levels in both genders and higher DHEA-S levels in women predicted a more than 60% lower risk of falling. With vitD+cal, the anti-fall benefit of higher physiologic testosterone levels is enhanced from 78% to 84% among men and from 66% to 85% among women. C1 [Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Rheumatol, CH-258091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A.] Univ Zurich Hosp, Inst Med Phys, CH-258091 Zurich, Switzerland. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Orav, E. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Orav, E. J.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Bischoff-Ferrari, HA (reprint author), Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Rheumatol, Gloriastr, CH-258091 Zurich, Switzerland. EM hbischof@hsph.harvard.edu RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X FU NIA NIH HHS [U01 AG010353, U01 AG010353-08, AG10353] NR 40 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1307 EP 1314 DI 10.1007/s00198-008-0573-7 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 336XX UT WOS:000258401200012 PM 18351428 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH AF Xu, De-Hai Shoemaker, Craig A. Klesius, Phillip H. TI Effect of tricaine methanesulfonate on survival and reproduction of the fish ectoparasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; CHANNEL CATFISH; FOUQUET AB The fish extoparasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was subjected to tricaine methanesulfonate (TM) exposure while fish were anesthetized for parasite collection. No information is available on the effects of TM exposure to I. multifiliis. This study evaluated the effects of TM on the survival and reproduction of I. multifiliis. Significant differences were not observed in survival and reproduction of tomonts collected from fish anesthetized using unbuffered or buffered TM or in control fish not exposed to TM. Results of the current study demonstrated that TM had no adverse effect on I. multifiliis survival and reproduction when used at concentrations and exposure times required for fish anesthetization. C1 [Xu, De-Hai; Shoemaker, Craig A.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dehai.xu@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 103 IS 4 BP 979 EP 982 DI 10.1007/s00436-008-1044-y PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 332BZ UT WOS:000258058100032 PM 18553189 ER PT J AU Carrao-Panizzi, MC Kwanyuen, P Erhan, SZ Lopes, IDN AF Carrao-Panizzi, Mercedes Concordia Kwanyuen, Prachuab Erhan, Sevim Zeynep Negrao Lopes, Ivani de Oliveira TI Genetic variation and environmental effects on beta-conglycinin and glycinin content in Brazilian soybean cultivars SO PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA LA Portuguese DT Article DE eletrophoresis; nutraceutic properties; protein fractions; seed; sowing location ID PROTEIN-COMPONENTS; 7S GLOBULIN; SUBUNITS; SEEDS; IDENTIFICATION; RECEPTORS AB The objective of this work was to determine genetic and environmental effects on beta-conglycinin and glycinin content in Brazilian soybean cultivars. The concentrations of these protein fractions were analyzed by scanning densitometry after electrophoresis, in 90 Brazilian soybean cultivars sown in Ponta Grossa, PR, in 2001. The effects of the sowing location were determined in the cultivar MG/BR 46 (Conquista), sown in 16 locations of Goias and Minas Gerais states (Central Brazil), and in the cultivar IAS 5, sown in 12 locations of Parana and Sao Paulo states (Southern Brazil), in 2002 soybean season. A significant variability for beta-conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S) protein fractions ratio was observed among the 90 Brazilian soybean cultivars. 'MS/BRS 169' (Bacuri) and 'BR-8' (Pelotas) presented the highest and the lowest 11S/7S ratios (2.76 and 1.17, respectively). Beta-conglycinin protein fractions presented more variability than glycinin protein fractions. Grouping test classified 7S proteins in seven groups, 11S proteins in four groups, and protein fraction ratios (11S/7S) in nine groups. Significant effect of sowing locations was also observed on protein fractions contents. There is a good possibility of breeding for individual protein fractions, and their subunits, without affecting protein content. C1 [Carrao-Panizzi, Mercedes Concordia; Negrao Lopes, Ivani de Oliveira] Embrapa Soja, BR-86001970 Londrina, PR, Brazil. [Kwanyuen, Prachuab] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Erhan, Sevim Zeynep] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Carrao-Panizzi, MC (reprint author), Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos Joao Str, BR-86001970 Londrina, PR, Brazil. EM mercedes@cnpso.embrapa.br; prachuab-kwanyuen@nscu.edu; sevim.erhan@ars.usda.gov; negrao@cnpso.embrapa.br NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EMPRESA BRASIL PESQ AGROPEC PI BRASILIA DF PA EMBRAPA INFORMACAO TECNOLOGICA, PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA - PAB, CAIXA POSTAL 040315, 70770-901 BRASILIA DF, BRAZIL SN 0100-204X EI 1678-3921 J9 PESQUI AGROPECU BRAS JI Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1105 EP 1114 DI 10.1590/S0100-204X2008000900002 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 361ZS UT WOS:000260168600002 ER PT J AU Sicher, RC Bunce, JA AF Sicher, Richard C. Bunce, James A. TI Growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen partitioning and responses to CO(2) enrichment in a barley mutant lacking NADH-dependent nitrate reductase activity SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PRIMARY LEAVES; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DEFICIENT MUTANTS; PLANT-GROWTH; ASSIMILATION; GENES; ACCLIMATION; METABOLISM AB Plant growth, photosynthesis and leaf constituents were examined in the wild-type (WT) and mutant nar1 of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Steptoe) that contains a defective structural gene encoding NADH-dependent nitrate reductase (NADH-NAR). In controlled environment experiments, total biomass, rates of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO(2) concentrations and foliar non-structural carbohydrate levels were unchanged or differed slightly in the mutant compared with the WT. Both genotypes displayed accelerated plant growth rates when the CO(2) partial pressure was increased from 36 to 98 Pa. Total NADH-NAR activity was 90% lower in the mutant than in the WT, and this was further decreased by CO(2) enrichment in both genotypes. Inorganic nitrate was greater in the mutant than in the WT, whereas in situ nitrate assimilation by excised leaves was two-fold greater for the WT than for the mutant. Foliar ammonia was 50% lower in the mutant than in the WT under ambient CO(2). Ammonia levels in the WT were decreased by about one-half by CO(2) enrichment, whereas ammonia was unaffected by elevated CO(2) in mutant leaves. Total soluble amino acid concentrations in WT and mutant plants grown in the ambient CO(2) treatment were 30.1 and 28.4 mu mol g(-1) FW, respectively, when measured at the onset of the light period. Seven of the twelve individual amino acids reported here increased during the first 12 h of light in the ambient CO(2) treatment, leading to a doubling of total soluble amino acids in the WT. The most striking effect of the mutation was to eliminate increases of glutamine, aspartate and alanine during the latter half of the photoperiod in the ambient CO(2) treatment. Growth in elevated CO(2) decreased levels of total soluble amino acids on a diurnal basis in the WT but not in mutant barley leaves. The above results indicated that a defect in NADH-NAR primarily affected nitrogenous leaf constituents in barley. Also, we did not observe synergistic effects of CO(2) enrichment and decreased foliar NADH-NAR activity on most N-containing compounds. C1 [Sicher, Richard C.; Bunce, James A.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sicher, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Room 342,Bldg 001,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Richard.Sicher@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 134 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01127.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337BT UT WOS:000258411200004 PM 18485057 ER PT J AU Jain, M Li, QB Chourey, PS AF Jain, Mukesh Li, Qin-Bao Chourey, Prem S. TI Cloning and expression analyses of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1b) gene during development of sorghum and maize endosperm and its implicated role in sugar-to-starch metabolic transition SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN-KINASES; MALE-STERILE SORGHUM; CELL-WALL INVERTASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE SNF1; CARBON METABOLISM; YEAST SNF1; POLLEN MATURATION; GLOBAL REGULATORS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SUCROSE SYNTHASE AB A full-length cDNA clone, SbSnRK1b (1530 bp, GenBank accession no. EF544393), encoding a putative serine/threonine protein kinase homologue of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) SNF1, was isolated from developing endosperm of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Multiple sequence alignment data showed a phylogenetic affiliation of the sorghum clone with the SnRK1b group of protein kinases that are highly expressed in cereal seed endosperm. The DNA gel blot analyses indicated that SbSnRK1b gene is present as a single- or low copy number gene in sorghum. The RNA and protein gel blot analyses confirmed the expression of SbSnRK1b in developing sorghum caryopses, overlapping with the starch biosynthesis phase, 12-24 days after fertilization. In situ hybridization and immunolocalization data resolved the spatial specificity of SbSnRK1b expression in the basal endosperm transfer cell layer, the unique port of assimilate unloading in the growing sorghum seed. Expression of SbSnRK1b was also evident in the developing sorghum microspores, coincident with the onset of starch deposition phase. As in sorghum, similar spatiotemporal specificity of SnRK1b expression was observed during maize (Zea mays L.) seed development. However, discordant in situ hybridization and immunolocalization data indicated that the expression of SbSnRK1b homologue in maize is under posttranscriptional control during endosperm development. C1 [Jain, Mukesh; Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jain, Mukesh; Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Li, Qin-Bao; Chourey, Prem S.] ARS, USDA, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Chourey, PS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pschourey@ifas.ufl.edu NR 55 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 134 IS 1 BP 161 EP 173 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01106.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337BT UT WOS:000258411200015 PM 18433416 ER PT J AU Fielding, DJ Defoliart, LS AF Fielding, Dennis J. Defoliart, Linda S. TI Discriminating tastes: self-selection of macronutrients in two populations of grasshoppers SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acrididae; Orthoptera; insect nutrition ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ELEVATED CO2; MELANOPLUS-SANGUINIPES; HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS; FOOD; ORTHOPTERA; ACRIDIDAE; QUALITY; GROWTH; LOCUST AB The capacity to self-select an optimal balance of macronutrients (protein and carbohydrate) is Studied in two populations of Melanoplus sanguinipes F. (Orthoptera: Acrididae). One Population derives from the subarctic (interior of Alaska) and the other from the temperate zone (Idaho, U.S.A.). Over the duration of the fourth and fifth stadia, Alaskan grasshoppers consistently self-select I diet centred on a 0.90 ratio of protein : carbohydrate, whereas protein and carbohydrate intake by the Idaho grasshoppers is contingent oil the particular food choices presented to them. When restricted to imbalanced diets, the Alaskan grasshoppers develop more rapidly than the Idaho grasshoppers, regardless of diet composition. The Idaho grasshoppers also have a (greater amount of lipid than the Alaskan grasshoppers across all diets. Performance measures (body mass, survival, developmental times) are more sensitive to dietary imbalances in the Alaskan grasshoppers than in the Idaho grasshoppers. When fed diets with low, but balanced, proportions of protein and carbohydrate, grasshoppers of both populations are able to increase consumption to compensate for the low concentration of nutrients. The results suggest that demographic responses of insects to changes in host plant quality, such as may result front climate change, may differ among populations within a species. C1 [Fielding, Dennis J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA, ARS, Subarctic Agr Res Lab, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Fielding, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA, ARS, Subarctic Agr Res Lab, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffdjf1@uaf.edu NR 43 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6962 J9 PHYSIOL ENTOMOL JI Physiol. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 264 EP 273 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3032.2008.00619.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 349RT UT WOS:000259301700013 ER PT J AU Lee, ST Gardner, DR Chang, CWT Panter, KE Molyneux, RJ AF Lee, Stephen T. Gardner, Dale R. Chang, Cheng-Wei Tom Panter, Kip E. Molyneux, Russell J. TI Separation and measurement of plant alkaloid enantiomers by RP-HPLC analysis of their Fmoc-alanine analogs SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE ammodendrine; anabasine; nornicotine; teratogen; diastereomers; chiral separation ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NICOTIANA-GLAUCA; TERATOGENICITY; ANABASINE; TOXICITY; TOBACCO; DERIVATIZATIONS; NORNICOTINE; FORMOSUS; DRUGS AB Introduction. Ammodendrine (1), anabasine (2) and coniine (3) can cause congenital malformations in livestock. They appear naturally in both enantiomeric forms, and can cause variable physiological responses. A method to measure the enantiomeric ratio of these natural toxins is needed. Objective. To develop a simple and economical method in order to determine the enantiomeric ratios of piperidine and pyrrolidine alkaloids in small samples of plant material. Methodology. Mixtures of isolated or purified plant alkaloids were converted to their Fmoc-L-Ala-alkaloid analogues forming diastereomeric mixtures, which were then analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) and ultraviolet (UV) detection to determine enantiomeric ratios. Results. The diastereomeric analogs for ammodendrine, anabasine and nornicotine could be separated and the enantiomeric ratios determined. The Fmoc-L-Ala-coniine analogue was not resolved under the HPLC conditions studied. The enantiomeric ratios of the selected plant alkaloids were measured and found to differ between both location within a species and location between species. Conclusion. A low-cost HPLC method to analyse the enantiomeric ratio of plant alkaloids containing primary or secondary amine nitrogens via conversion to their respective diastereometic analogues has been developed. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons. C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Gardner, Dale R.; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Chang, Cheng-Wei Tom] Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Molyneux, Russell J.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 11 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0958-0344 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 19 IS 5 BP 395 EP 402 DI 10.1002/pca.1064 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 350KV UT WOS:000259352200002 PM 18438757 ER PT J AU Edwards, WR Hall, JA Rowlan, AR Schneider-Barfield, T Sun, TJ Patil, MA Pierce, ML Fulcher, RG Bell, AA Essenberg, M AF Edwards, W. Ray Hall, Judy A. Rowlan, Alan R. Schneider-Barfield, Tama Sun, Tzeli Julia Patil, Mohini A. Pierce, Margaret L. Fulcher, R. Gary Bell, Alois A. Essenberg, Margaret TI Light filtering by epidermal flavonoids during the resistant response of cotton to Xanthomonas protects leaf tissue from light-dependent phytoalexin toxicity SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Gossypium hirsutum L; malvaceae; upland cotton; Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum; ecological biochemistry; anthocyanin; flavonol glycoside; phytoalexin; sesquiterpene; cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside; chrysanthemin; 2,7-dihydroxycadalene; isoquercitrin; lacinilene C; quercetin-3-O-beta-glucoside; UV damage; UV protection ID CAMPESTRIS PV MALVACEARUM; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; LEAVES; ANTHOCYANIN; COTYLEDONS; DAMAGE; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB 2,7-Dihydroxycadalene and lacinilene C, sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins that accumulate at infection sites during the hypersensitive resistant response of cotton foliage to Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum, have light-dependent toxicity toward host cells, as well as toward the bacterial pathogen. Adaxial epidermal cells surrounding and sometimes covering infection sites turn red. The red cells exhibited 3-4-fold higher absorption at the photoactivating wavelengths of sunlight than nearby colorless epidermal cells. Red epidermal cells protected underlying palisade mesophyll cells from the toxic effects of 2,7-dihydroxycadalene plus sunlight, indicating a role for epidermal pigments in protecting living cells that surround infection sites from toxic effects of the plant's own phytoalexins. A semi-quantitative survey of UV-absorbing substances extracted from epidermal strips from inoculated and mock-inoculated cotyledons indicated that the principal increase in capacity to absorb the photoactivating wavelengths was due to a red anthocyanin and a yellow flavonol, which were identified as cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-beta-glucoside, respectively. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Edwards, W. Ray; Hall, Judy A.; Rowlan, Alan R.; Schneider-Barfield, Tama; Sun, Tzeli Julia; Patil, Mohini A.; Pierce, Margaret L.; Essenberg, Margaret] Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Agr Expt Stn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Fulcher, R. Gary] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bell, Alois A.] USDA ARS, Natl Cotton Pathol Res Unit, So Crops Res Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Essenberg, M (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Oklahoma Agr Expt Stn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM margaretessenberg@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-8718150, BIR-9512269, BBS-8704089]; Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST-MOST) [FGM-3478, RE-B1-003)]; Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education; W.M. Keck Foundation; Conoco, Inc; Warren Medical Research Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Science Center FX We thank L.M. Verhalen for growing the cotton plants in the field, S.O. Sigle and F. Qiu for assistance with the NMR spectroscopic analyses of chrysanthemin (4) and isoquercetrin (5), respectively, P. West and K.W. Jackson for the mass spectral analyses of chrysanthemin (4) and isoquercetrin (5), respectively, K. Harrigan for assistance with the microspectrophotometry, and A.J. Mort and R.D. Stipanovic for discussions of the manuscript. We are pleased to acknowledge partial funding for the Varian XL-400A NMR spectrometer from the National Science Foundation (NSF, CHE-8718150) and the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST-MOST, FGM-3478): for the Varian Unity Inova 600 MHz NMR spectrometer in the Oklahoma Statewide Shared NMR Facility from the NSF (BIR-9512269), the Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, and the W.M. Keck Foundation, and Conoco, Inc.; for the VG-ZAB 2-SE mass spectrometer from the NSF (BBS-8704089) and OCAST-MOST (RE-B1-003). For the PE-Sciex API III electrospray quadrupole mass spectrometer, we acknowledge support from the Warren Medical Research Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Science Center. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD SEP PY 2008 VL 69 IS 12 BP 2320 EP 2328 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.05.021 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 358BP UT WOS:000259891700007 PM 18617197 ER PT J AU Mello, AFS Yokomi, RK Melcher, U Chen, JC Wayadande, AC Fletcher, J AF Mello, A. F. S. Yokomi, R. K. Melcher, U. Chen, J. C. Wayadande, A. C. Fletcher, J. TI Genetic diversity of Spiroplasma citri strains from different regions, hosts, and isolation dates SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CIRCULIFER-TENELLUS; BRITTLE ROOT; STUBBORN DISEASE; HORSERADISH; LINES; REPRODUCIBILITY; TRANSMISSION; RAPD; BR3; PCR AB Spiroplasma citri, a phloem-limited pathogen, causes Citrus stubborn disease (CSD). Losses due to CSD in California orchards have grown over the past decade. To investigate the possibility of introduction Or emergence of a new strain, a study of genetic diversity among S. citri strains from Various locations was conducted using random amplified polymorphism DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) of 35 strains Cultured from 1980 to 1993. and of 35 strains cultured from 2005 to 2006. Analysis using 20 primer pairs revealed considerable diversity among strains. However, no unique genetic signatures were associated with recently collected strains compared with those collected 15 to 28 years age, and no geographically associated pattern was distinguishable. S. citri strains from carrot and daikon radish contain some unique DNA fragments, Suggesting some host plant influence. Multiple strains from single trees also showed genetic diversity. Sequencing of five RAPD bands that differed among strains showed that diversity-related gene sequences include virus fragments, and fragments potentially encoding a membrane lipoprotein, a DNA modification enzyme, and a mobilization element. No differences in colon), morphology were observed among the strains. The lack of correlation between PCR patterns and isolation date or collection site is inconsistent with the hypothesis that recent infections are due to the introduction or emergence of novel pathogen strains. C1 [Mello, A. F. S.; Wayadande, A. C.; Fletcher, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Yokomi, R. K.; Chen, J. C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Melcher, U.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Fletcher, J (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM jacqueline.fletcher@okstate.edu RI Melcher, Ulrich/E-7160-2010; Mello, Alexandre/B-9389-2014 NR 41 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2008 VL 98 IS 9 BP 960 EP 968 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-9-0960 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 347DS UT WOS:000259121400001 PM 18943733 ER PT J AU Paul, PA Lipps, PE Hershman, DE McMullen, MP Draper, MA Madden, LV AF Paul, P. A. Lipps, P. E. Hershman, D. E. McMullen, M. P. Draper, M. A. Madden, L. V. TI Efficacy of triazole-based fungicides for Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol control in wheat: A multivariate meta-analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE baseline risk; Fusarium graminearum; Gibberella zeae; linear mixed models; risk analysis; wheat scab ID WINTER-WHEAT; GRAIN; RISK; TEBUCONAZOLE; GRAMINEARUM; REGRESSION; VOMITOXIN; MODELS; YIELD AB The effects of propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, metconazole, and prothioconazole+lebuconazole (as it tank mix or a formulated premix) on the control of Fusarium head blight index (IND; field or plot-level disease severity) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat were determined. A multivariate random-effects meta-analytical model was fitted to the log-transformed treatment means front over 100 uniform fungicide Studies across I I years and 14 states, and the mean log ratio (relative to the untreated check or tebuconazole mean) was determined as the overall effect size for quantifying fungicide efficacy. Mean log ratios were then transformed to estimate mean percent reduction in IND and DON relative to the untreated check (percent control: and C,0) and relative to tebuconazole. All fungicides led to a significant reduction in IND and DON (P < 0.001), although there was substantial between-study variability. Prothioconazole+tebuconazole was the most effective fungicide for IND, with a <(C)over bar>(IND)) of 52%, followed by metconazole (50%), prothioconazole (48%), tebuconazole (40%), and propiconazole (32%). For DON, metconazole was the most effective treatment, with a (C) over bar (DON) of 45%; prothioconazole+tebuconazole and prothioconazole showed similar efficacy, with C OM Values of 42 and 43%, respectively: tebuconazole and propiconazole were the least effective, with (C) over bar (DON) values of 23 and 12%, respectively. All fungicides, with the exception of propiconazole. were significantly more effective than tebuconazole for control of both IND and DON (P < 0.001). Relative to tebuconazole, prothioconazole. metconazole, and tebuconzole+prothioconzole reduced disease index a further 14 to 20% and DON a further 25 to 29%. In general, fungicide efficacy was significantly higher for spring wheat than for soft winter wheat Studies: depending on the fungicide. the difference in percent control between spring and soft winter wheat was 5 to 20% fol <(C)over bar>(IND) and 7 to 16% for (C) over bar (DON) Based on the mean log ratios and between-study variances, the probability that IND or DON in a treated plot from a randomly selected Study was lower than that in the check by a fixed margin was determined, which confirmed the superior efficacy of prothioconazole, metconazole, and tebuconzole+prothioconzole for Fusarium head blight disease and toxin control. C1 [Paul, P. A.; Lipps, P. E.; Madden, L. V.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Hershman, D. E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Princeton, KY 42445 USA. [McMullen, M. P.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Draper, M. A.] USDA CSREES, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Madden, LV (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM madden.l@osu.edu FU Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC); U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-112]; U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative (USWBSI) FX Salaries and research support were provided by state and federal funds to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC). This investigation is based upon work supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Agreement no. 59-0790-4-112). This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative (USWBSI). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 61 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 25 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2008 VL 98 IS 9 BP 999 EP 1011 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-9-0999 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 347DS UT WOS:000259121400006 PM 18943738 ER PT J AU Park, BS Son, DJ Choi, WS Takeoka, GR Han, SO Kim, TW Lee, SE AF Park, Byeoung-Soo Son, Dong-Ju Choi, Won-Silk Takeoka, Gary R. Han, Sung Ok Kim, Tae-Wan Lee, Sung-Eun TI Antiplatelet activities of newly synthesized derivatives of piperlongumine SO PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE piperlongumine; platelet aggregation; collagen; synthesis ID PIPER-LONGUM L; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; PIPERNONALINE; BIOSYNTHESIS; INHIBITION; PEPPER AB Piperlongumine, a pyridone alkaloid isolated from Piper longum L., exhibited a potential inhibitory effect on washed rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen, arachidonic acid (AA) and platelet activating factor (PAF), without any inhibitory effect on that induced by thrombin. Piperlongumine was used as a lead compound for the synthesis of new antiplatelet agents. Seven synthetic compounds were newly synthesized from 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA). They were 1-piperidin-1-yl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1'), 1-morpholin-4-yl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (2), 1-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (3'), 1-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-tri-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (4'), 1-(3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- prop-2-en-1-one (5'), 1-[3-(3,4,5-tri-methoxyphenyl) acryloyl]-piperidin-2-one (6') and ethyl 1-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-acryloyl]piperidine-4-carboxylate (7'). Among those seven synthetic derivatives, 1-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (3') had the most inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by collagen, AA and PAF. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lee, Sung-Eun] Nanotoxtech Inc, Sunae Dong 463020, Sungnam, South Korea. [Park, Byeoung-Soo; Kim, Tae-Wan] Hankyong Natl Univ, Inst Ecol Phytochem, Ansung City 456749, Kyonggi Do, South Korea. [Son, Dong-Ju] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Coll Pharm, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Choi, Won-Silk] Soonchunhyang Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Asan 337745, South Korea. [Takeoka, Gary R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Han, Sung Ok] Korea Univ, Div Life Sci, Seoul 136713, South Korea. RP Lee, SE (reprint author), Nanotoxtech Inc, 1114 Dong Yang Grafea, Sunae Dong 463020, Sungnam, South Korea. EM selpest@hanmail.net RI shin, sang kyu/F-2615-2013; OI Lee, Sung-Eun/0000-0001-7690-9956 FU GRRC project of Gyeonggi Provincial Government, Republic of Korea FX This research was supported by the GRRC project of Gyeonggi Provincial Government, Republic of Korea. NR 20 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 22 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0951-418X J9 PHYTOTHER RES JI Phytother. Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1195 EP 1199 DI 10.1002/ptr.2432 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 354GB UT WOS:000259625800011 PM 18697182 ER PT J AU James, JJ AF James, J. J. TI Effect of soil nitrogen stress on the relative growth rate of annual and perennial grasses in the Intermountain West SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE annual grasses; Bromus tectorum; Great Basin; nutrients; Taeniatherum caput-medusae ID LEAF-AREA; GENERALIST HERBIVORES; PLANT INVASIVENESS; NUTRIENT STRESS; DRY-MASS; ROOT; RESPONSES; AVAILABILITY; COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION AB A high relative growth rate (RGR) is thought to be an important trait allowing invasive annual grasses to exploit brief increases in nitrogen (N) supply following disturbance in the Intermountain West. Managing soils for low N availability has been suggested as a strategy that may reduce this growth advantage of annual grasses and facilitate establishment of desirable perennials grasses. The objective of this study was to examine the degree to which soil N availability affects RGR and RGR components of invasive annual and desirable perennial grasses. It was hypothesized that (1) invasive annual grasses would demonstrate a proportionately greater reduction in RGR than perennial grasses as soil N stress increased, and (2) the mechanism by which low N availability decreases RGR of annual and perennial grasses would depend on the severity of N stress, with moderate N stress primarily affecting leaf mass ratio (LMR) and severe N stress primarily affecting net assimilation rate (NAR). Three annual and three perennial grasses were exposed to three levels of N availability. RGR and components of RGR were quantified over four harvests. Moderate N stress reduced RGR by decreasing LMR and severe N stress lowered RGR further by decreasing NAR. However, reduction in RGR components was similar between invasive and natives, and as a consequence, annual grasses did not demonstrate a proportionately greater reduction in RGR than perennials under low N conditions. These results suggest managing soil N will do little to reduce the initial growth advantage of annual grasses. Once perennials establish, traits not captured in this short-term study, such as high tissue longevity and efficient nutrient recycling, may allow them to compete effectively with annuals under low N availability. Nevertheless, if soil N management does not facilitate the initial establishment of perennials in annual grass infested communities, then there is little likelihood that such techniques will provide a long-term benefit to restoration projects in these systems. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP James, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM jeremy.james@oregonstate.edu NR 65 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD SEP PY 2008 VL 310 IS 1-2 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s11104-008-9645-x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 337SU UT WOS:000258456600016 ER PT J AU Ariizumi, T Murase, K Sun, TP Steber, CM AF Ariizumi, Tohru Murase, Kohji Sun, Tai-ping Steber, Camille M. TI Proteolysis-Independent Downregulation of DELLA Repression in Arabidopsis by the Gibberellin Receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE; F-BOX SUBUNIT; SEED-GERMINATION; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; SIGNALING PATHWAY; RGL2 PROTEIN; INDUCED DEGRADATION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; FLORAL DEVELOPMENT; RESIDUES IMPORTANT AB This article presents evidence that DELLA repression of gibberellin (GA) signaling is relieved both by proteolysis-dependent and -independent pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana. DELLA proteins are negative regulators of GA responses, including seed germination, stem elongation, and fertility. GA stimulates GA responses by causing DELLA repressor degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. DELLA degradation requires GA biosynthesis, three functionally redundant GA receptors GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1a, b, and c), and the SLEEPY1 (SLY1) F-box subunit of an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. The sly1 mutants accumulate more DELLA proteins but display less severe dwarf and germination phenotypes than the GA biosynthesis mutant ga1-3 or the gid1abc triple mutant. Interestingly, GID1 overexpression rescued the sly1 dwarf and infertility phenotypes without decreasing the accumulation of the DELLA protein REPRESSOR OF ga1-3. GID1 rescue of sly1 mutants was dependent on the level of GID1 protein, GA, and the presence of a functional DELLA motif. Since DELLA shows increasing interaction with GID1 with increasing GA levels, it appears that GA-bound GID1 can block DELLA repressor activity by direct protein-protein interaction with the DELLA domain. Thus, a SLY1-independent mechanism for GA signaling may function without DELLA degradation. C1 [Ariizumi, Tohru; Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Murase, Kohji; Sun, Tai-ping] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Steber, Camille M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Steber, CM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM csteber@wsu.edu FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2005-01099]; USDA Agricultural Research Service; National Science Foundation [IBN-0348814] FX We thank M. Matsuoka and M. Ueguchi-Tanaka for stimulating discussions, for sharing data prior to publication, and for the SLR1 antibody. Thanks are due to C. Schwechheimer for the gift of the GAI antibody and the gid1a gid1b gid1c mutant. We are also grateful to X. W. Deng for providing the cullin antibody. We thank P. Chandler for long ago suggesting the construction of a ga1-3 sly1 double mutant. Finally, we would like to thank members of the Steber and Sun laboratories for lively discussion and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science fellowship funds to T. A. and K. M., USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Grant 2005-01099 and USDA Agricultural Research Service funds to C. M. S., and the National Science Foundation (IBN-0348814) to T.-p. S. NR 65 TC 76 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD SEP PY 2008 VL 20 IS 9 BP 2447 EP 2459 DI 10.1105/tpc.108.058487 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 365RQ UT WOS:000260425900012 PM 18827182 ER PT J AU Welp, LR Lee, X Kim, K Griffis, TJ Billmark, KA Baker, JM AF Welp, Lisa R. Lee, Xuhui Kim, Kyounghee Griffis, Timothy J. Billmark, Kaycie A. Baker, John M. TI delta(18)O of water vapour, evapotranspiration and the sites of leaf water evaporation in a soybean canopy SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE canopy scale; dew; evaporative site; non-steady state; oxygen isotopes and tunable diode laser; Peclet effect ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE RATIOS; DIURNAL-VARIATION; FIELD CONDITIONS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; NONSTEADY STATE; ENRICHMENT; CO2; TRANSPIRATION; HYDROGEN; FLUXES AB Stable isotopes in water have the potential to diagnose changes in the earth's hydrological budget in response to climate change and land use change. However, there have been few measurements in the vapour phase. Here, we present high-frequency measurements of oxygen isotopic compositions of water vapour (delta(v)) and evapotranspiration (delta(ET)) above a soybean canopy using the tunable diode laser (TDL) technique for the entire 2006 growing season in Minnesota, USA. We observed a large variability in surface delta(v) from the daily to the seasonal timescales, largely explained by Rayleigh processes, but also influenced by vertical atmospheric mixing, local evapotranspiration (ET) and dew formation. We used delta(ET) measurements to calculate the isotopic composition at the sites of evaporative enrichment in leaves (delta(L,e)) and compared that with the commonly used steady-state prediction (delta(L,s)). There was generally a good agreement averaged over the season, but larger differences on individual days. We also found that vertical variability in relative humidity and temperature associated with canopy structure must be addressed in canopy-scale leaf water models. Finally, we explored this data set for direct evidence of the Peclet effect. C1 [Welp, Lisa R.; Lee, Xuhui; Kim, Kyounghee] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Griffis, Timothy J.; Billmark, Kaycie A.; Baker, John M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Baker, John M.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Lee, X (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM xuhui.lee@yale.edu RI Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0229343, DEB-0514904, DEB-0514908] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants EAR-0229343, DEB-0514904 and DEB-0514908. We thank the University of Minnesota's UMORE PARK for providing the infrastructure necessary for this study, Travis Bavin for his help during the intensive period, and Poorva Gupta and Yale's ECSIS lab for assisting with water extractions and isotope analysis. We also thank Graham Farquhar and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments on the manuscript. NR 66 TC 62 Z9 69 U1 9 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1214 EP 1228 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01826.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337BN UT WOS:000258410600002 PM 18507810 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, EA Beier, C Calfapietra, C Ceulemans, R Durand-Tardif, M Farquhar, GD Godbold, DL Hendrey, GR Hickler, T Kaduk, J Karnosky, DF Kimball, BA Koerner, C Koornneef, M Lafarge, T Leakey, ADB Lewin, KF Long, SP Manderscheid, R Mcneil, DL Mies, TA Miglietta, F Morgan, JA Nagy, J Norby, RJ Norton, RM Percy, KE Rogers, A Soussana, JF Stitt, M Weigel, HJ White, JW AF Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Beier, Claus Calfapietra, Carlo Ceulemans, Reinhart Durand-Tardif, Mylene Farquhar, Graham D. Godbold, Douglas L. Hendrey, George R. Hickler, Thomas Kaduk, Joerg Karnosky, David F. Kimball, Bruce A. Koerner, Christian Koornneef, Maarten Lafarge, Tanguy Leakey, Andrew D. B. Lewin, Keith F. Long, Stephen P. Manderscheid, Remy Mcneil, David L. Mies, Timothy A. Miglietta, Franco Morgan, Jack A. Nagy, John Norby, Richard J. Norton, Robert M. Percy, Kevin E. Rogers, Alistair Soussana, Jean-Francois Stitt, Mark Weigel, Hans-Joachim White, Jeffrey W. TI Next generation of elevated [CO2] experiments with crops: a critical investment for feeding the future world SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE climate change; crop yield; FACE; genetic variation ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; OPEN-AIR ELEVATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ENRICHMENT SYSTEM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RESPONSES; YIELD; GROWTH; FACE AB A rising global population and demand for protein-rich diets are increasing pressure to maximize agricultural productivity. Rising atmospheric [CO2] is altering global temperature and precipitation patterns, which challenges agricultural productivity. While rising [CO2] provides a unique opportunity to increase the productivity of C-3 crops, average yield stimulation observed to date is well below potential gains. Thus, there is room for improving productivity. However, only a fraction of available germplasm of crops has been tested for CO2 responsiveness. Yield is a complex phenotypic trait determined by the interactions of a genotype with the environment. Selection of promising genotypes and characterization of response mechanisms will only be effective if crop improvement and systems biology approaches are closely linked to production environments, that is, on the farm within major growing regions. Free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments can provide the platform upon which to conduct genetic screening and elucidate the inheritance and mechanisms that underlie genotypic differences in productivity under elevated [CO2]. We propose a new generation of large-scale, low-cost per unit area FACE experiments to identify the most CO2-responsive genotypes and provide starting lines for future breeding programmes. This is necessary if we are to realize the potential for yield gains in the future. C1 [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] USDA, Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Long, Stephen P.; Mies, Timothy A.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P.; Rogers, Alistair] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Beier, Claus] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Calfapietra, Carlo] IBAF, CNR, Rome, Italy. [Ceulemans, Reinhart] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Durand-Tardif, Mylene] INRA, Genet & Plant Breeding Lab, UR0254, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Farquhar, Graham D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Environm Biol Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Godbold, Douglas L.] Bangor Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Hendrey, George R.] CUNY, Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY USA. [Hendrey, George R.] CUNY, Queens Coll, Grad Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Hickler, Thomas] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, Geobiosphere Sci Ctr, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Kaduk, Joerg] Univ Leicester, Dept Geog, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Karnosky, David F.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Kimball, Bruce A.; White, Jeffrey W.] Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Koerner, Christian] Univ Basel, Inst Bot, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Koornneef, Maarten] Max Planck Inst Plant Breeding Res, D-50829 Cologne, Germany. [Lafarge, Tanguy] Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Manila, Philippines. [Lafarge, Tanguy] UPR Peuplements Riz, CIRAD, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. [Lafarge, Tanguy] UPR Peuplements Riz, CIRAD, F-34398 Montpellier, France. [Lewin, Keith F.; Rogers, Alistair] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Manderscheid, Remy; Weigel, Hans-Joachim] Johann Heinrich Von Thunen Inst, Fed Res Inst Rural Areas Forestry & Fisheries, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. [Mcneil, David L.] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Miglietta, Franco] IBIMET CNR, I-50145 Florence, Italy. [Morgan, Jack A.] Rangeland Resources Res & Crops Res Lab, USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Norby, Richard J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Norton, Robert M.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Agr & Food Syst, Horsham, Vic 3401, Australia. [Percy, Kevin E.] Canadian Forest Serv Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. [Soussana, Jean-Francois] INRA, Grassland Ecosyst Res UR874, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Stitt, Mark] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Golm, Germany. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov RI Soussana, Jean-Francois/E-2543-2012; Miglietta, Franco/B-6137-2008; Miglietta, Franco/A-1257-2009; Rogers, Alistair/E-1177-2011; Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; McNeil, David/C-2426-2014; Korner, Christian/B-6592-2014; Calfapietra, Carlo/E-2269-2015; Beier, Claus/C-1789-2016; Ceulemans, Reinhart/F-2109-2016; Soussana, Jean-Francois/P-2094-2016; Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016; Hickler, Thomas/S-6287-2016 OI Manderscheid, Remy/0000-0001-6975-0238; Kaduk, Jorg/0000-0003-4051-3081; Miglietta, Franco/0000-0003-1474-8143; Rogers, Alistair/0000-0001-9262-7430; Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; McNeil, David/0000-0002-1831-7335; Beier, Claus/0000-0003-0348-7179; Soussana, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-1932-6583; Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X; Hickler, Thomas/0000-0002-4668-7552 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation; Max Planck Society FX We acknowledge all participants of the 'FACEing the Future: Planning the Next Generation of Elevated CO2 Experiments on Crops and Ecosystems' for fruitful discussions, and the European Science Foundation, Interdisciplinary New Initiatives Fund for funding. K.F.L., J.N. and A.R. were supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886 to Brookhaven National Laboratory. R.M.N. was supported by the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation and the Department of Climate Change. M. S. was supported by the Max Planck Society. NR 53 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 6 U2 87 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1317 EP 1324 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01841.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 337BN UT WOS:000258410600011 PM 18518914 ER PT J AU Pethybridge, SJ Hay, FS Esker, PD Gent, DH Wilson, CR Groom, T Nutter, FW AF Pethybridge, Sarah J. Hay, Frank S. Esker, Paul D. Gent, David H. Wilson, Calum R. Groom, Tim Nutter, Forrest W., Jr. TI Diseases of pyrethrum in tasmania: Challenges and prospects for management SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RAY BLIGHT DISEASE; FUNGICIDE-BASED MANAGEMENT; SPATIAL-PATTERN ANALYSIS; SPOTTED WILT TOSPOVIRUS; SCLEROTINIA STEM ROT; PHOMA-LIGULICOLA; MYCOSPHAERELLA-LIGULICOLA; HOST-RANGE; MULTISPECTRAL RADIOMETER; LEAF-SPOT C1 [Pethybridge, Sarah J.; Hay, Frank S.] Univ Tasmania, TIAR, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. [Esker, Paul D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gent, David H.] ARS, USDA, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. [Wilson, Calum R.] Univ Tasmania, TIAR, New Town Res Labs, Newtown, Tas, Australia. [Groom, Tim] Bot Resources Australia Pty Ltd, Ulverstone, Tas, Australia. [Nutter, Forrest W., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Pethybridge, SJ (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, TIAR, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. EM sarah_jp@utas.edu.au FU Australian Research Council [LP0211065, LP0560562]; Horticulture Australia Ltd FX We extend our thanks to the financial supporters of our research and extension programs including Botanical Resources Australia Ply. Ltd.. Tasmanian pyrethrum growers, the Australian Research Council (programs LP0211065 and LP0560562). and Horticulture Australia Ltd. We also thank our collaborators: Graham Stirling. Biological Crop Protection, Queensland. Australia: and Suzanne J. Jones, Tom O'Malley. and Craig Palmer. Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural Research. University of Tasmania. Thanks also to those who have provided excellent technical support within our respective programs. NR 99 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1260 EP 1272 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1260 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300001 ER PT J AU Susaimuthu, J Tzanetakis, IE Gergerich, RC Kim, KS Martin, RR AF Susaimuthu, James Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. Gergerich, Rose C. Kim, Kyung S. Martin, Robert R. TI Viral interactions lead to decline of blackberry plants SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE mixed virus infection; Rubus; synergism ID VEIN ASSOCIATED VIRUS; SWEET-POTATO PLANTS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; CRINIVIRUS; EXPRESSION; POTYVIRUS; REPLICATION; INFECTION; SEQUENCES; PROTEIN AB Blackberry yellow vein disease (BYVD) poses a new threat to the blackberry industry in the United States. Blackberry yellow vein associated Virus (BYVaV) was originally thought to be the sole cause of this disease. However. BYVaV has been found in several asymptomatic blackberry cultivars. An unusual member of the family Potyviridae was identified recently from symptomatic plants and named Blackberry virus Y (BVY). BVY has been shown to spread in the field and cause BYVD when co-infected with BYVaV. Both viruses are asymptomatic in single infections but are readily detectable in asymptomatic plants by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However. in mixed infections. the titer of BYVaV is repressed. sometimes to levels undetectable by RT-PCR, while the concentration of BVY is increased several fold. Electron microscopy revealed it variety of viral inclusions in symptomatic leaf samples. but none Could be found in single infections with either BVY or BYVaV. Although BYVaV has been consistently associated with BYVD in different geographical regions. the detection of BVY has thus far been restricted to northwest Arkansas. It has been hypothesized that BYVaV is the synergistic determinant of BYVD that causes symptoms in different cultivars at Various locations during co-infection with other viruses. C1 [Susaimuthu, James; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.; Gergerich, Rose C.; Kim, Kyung S.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Gergerich, RC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM gergeric@uark.edu RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009 FU Arkansas State Plant Board; North American Bramble Growers Association; Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank Sandy Goeke for technical help with electron microscopy and Ken Korth and Yinong Yang for use of their laboratory facilities, The project was funded by the Arkansas State Plant Board, the North American Bramble Growers Association, and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1288 EP 1292 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1288 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300004 ER PT J AU Culbreath, AK Tillman, BL Gorbet, DW Holbrook, CC Nischwitz, C AF Culbreath, A. K. Tillman, B. L. Gorbet, D. W. Holbrook, C. C. Nischwitz, C. TI Response of new field-resistant peanut cultivars to twin-row pattern or in-furrow applications of phorate for management of spotted wilt SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Frankliniella fusca; thrips ID REGISTRATION; VIRUS; TILLAGE; LINES AB Field experiments were conducted at Marianna, FL in 2006 and Tifton, GA in 2006 and 2007 to compare new peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars to the moderately resistant cv. Georgia Green and the highly resistant cv. AP-3 for field resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), genus Tospovirus, and to determine the effects of in-furrow application of phorate insecticide and use of twin-row versus single-row patterns on incidence of spotted wilt in these cultivars. Cvs. Georgia Green, AP-3, Georgia-03L. Georgia-01R, Florida-07, McCloud, and York were evaluated in all five experiments, and Tifguard was added in experiments at Tifton. All cultivars except McCloud had lower incidence of spotted wilt than Georgia Green in all experiments. McCloud was intermediate in resistance to TSWV and had lower incidence of spotted wilt than Georgia Green in four of five experiments. Use of the twin-row pattern also reduced incidence of spotted wilt in McCloud in both years. Oil Georgia Green, phorate reduced incidence of spotted wilt in 2007 and twin-row pattern reduced incidence in both years. Phorate had no effect oil spotted wilt in AP-3, Georgia-03L., McCloud. Georgia-01R, or Tifguard in either year. Twin-row pattern reduced either Final incidence or area under the disease progress curve in all cultivars in at least I year of the study. All of these new cultivars should reduce the risk of losses to spotted wilt compared with Georgia Green. In highly resistant cultivars, especially AP-3, York, and Tifguard, use of phorate insecticide or twin-row pattern may not be necessary, and may not provide noticeable benefit in reduction of spotted wilt or increased yield. C1 [Culbreath, A. K.; Nischwitz, C.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Gorbet, D. W.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. [Holbrook, C. C.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA USA. RP Culbreath, AK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM spotwilt@uga.edu FU Georgia Peanut Commission; National Peanut Board FX This research Was supported in part by growers through grants from the Georgia Peanut Commission and the National Peanut Board. We thank, M. Heath. S. C. Danforth. R. Hooks. J. Roberts. and K. Welch for their field assistance. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1307 EP 1312 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1307 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300007 ER PT J AU Biggs, AR Turechek, WW Gottwald, TR AF Biggs, Alan R. Turechek, William W. Gottwald, Tim R. TI Analysis of fire blight shoot infection epidemics on apple SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Erwinia amylovora ID SPATIAL-PATTERN ANALYSIS; BLOSSOM BLIGHT; COMPUTER-MODEL; MARYBLYT; CULTIVARS; MICHIGAN AB Fire blight incidence and spread of the shoot blight phase of the disease Was studied ill four apple cultivars in replicated blocks over 4 years (1994 to 1997). Cv. York wits highly susceptible, followed by 'Fuji' and 'Golden Delicious,' which were moderately susceptible, and 'Liberty,' which wits least Susceptible. Oil York, the first appearance of shoot blight was within 48 It of its predicted appearance according to the Maryblyt model in 3 of the 4 years studied. Shoot blight epidemics in York in 1995 and 1996, and Fuji in 1995, were best described with it logistic model that showed apparent infection rates ranging from 0.05 to 0.20, indicating a low to moderately high rate of disease increase. The spatial positions (row and Column) of all infected plants in each subplot were recorded oil plot maps oil each sampling date. The binomial and beta-binomial distributions were fit to the data to test for spatial aggregation of disease incidence for each cultivar plot. Maximum likelihood estimation was possible for 92 (43.6%) of the 211 data sets subjected to this analysis. Of these, 35 data sets were better fit by the beta-binomial distribution than the binomial distribution. The binary power law Was used to characterize the relationship between the variance among quadrats within each plot to the variance expected for that plot given the observed level of disease incidence. The binary power law provided an excellent fit to the full data set and to nearly all of the subsets and, with b > 1, indicated that heterogeneity changed systematically with disease incidence. A covariance analysis was conducted to determine the effect of the factors 'year,' 'cultivar.' 'orchard plot,' and 'observation date' oil the intercept and slope parameters of the binary power law. In general, plot followed by year had the greatest impact oil parameter estimates and is all indication that location and seasonal factors impact heterogeneity of disease, although the specifics could not he ascertained from this Study. Ordinary runs analysis wits used to analyze the pattern of diseased trees within rows and detected significant nonrandom patterns of disease incidence in 63.5% of the orchard plots over the 4-year study. From these data sets. 68.7% had significantly fewer runs, particularly at disease incidences greater than 0.1. The fewer-than-expected runs at incidences greater than 0.10 provides strong evidence of localized spread. C1 [Biggs, Alan R.] W Virginia Univ, Kearneysville Tree Fruit Res & Educ Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Turechek, William W.; Gottwald, Tim R.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Biggs, AR (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Kearneysville Tree Fruit Res & Educ Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM abiggs2@wvu.edu OI Biggs, Alan/0000-0001-8362-9530 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1349 EP 1356 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1349 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300013 ER PT J AU Kolomiets, T Skatellok, O Alexandrova, A Lomonosov's, MJ Mukhina, Z Matveeva, T Bogomaz, D Berner, DK Cavin, CA AF Kolomiets, T. Skatellok, O. Alexandrova, A. Lomonosov's, M. J. Mukhina, Z. Matveeva, T. Bogomaz, D. Berner, D. K. Cavin, C. A. TI First report of anthracnose of Salsola tragus caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Russia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Kolomiets, T.; Skatellok, O.] All Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Vyazemskii 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. [Alexandrova, A.; Lomonosov's, M. J.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Mukhina, Z.] All Russia Rice Res Inst, Krasnodar 350921, Belozerny, Russia. [Matveeva, T.; Bogomaz, D.] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Berner, D. K.; Cavin, C. A.] ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kolomiets, T (reprint author), All Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Vyazemskii 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. OI Matveeva, Tatiana/0000-0001-8569-6665 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1366 EP 1366 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1366B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300022 ER PT J AU Karasev, AV Meacham, T Hu, X Whitworth, J Gray, SM Olsen, N Nolte, P AF Karasev, A. V. Meacham, T. Hu, X. Whitworth, J. Gray, S. M. Olsen, N. Nolte, P. TI Identification of Potato virus Y strains associated with tuber damage during a recent virus outbreak in potato in Idaho SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Karasev, A. V.; Meacham, T.; Hu, X.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Gray, S. M.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Olsen, N.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls, ID USA. [Nolte, P.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Karasev, AV (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RI Hu, Xiaojun/C-2608-2011 NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1371 EP 1371 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1371A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 339EQ UT WOS:000258561300036 ER PT J AU Cox, RD Allen, EB AF Cox, Robert D. Allen, Edith B. TI Composition of soil seed banks in southern California coastal sage scrub and adjacent exotic grassland SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bromus; disturbance; ecological management; Erodium; invasive species; wildfire ID UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; VEGETATION; FIRE; RESTORATION; GERMINATION; MANAGEMENT; COMMUNITY; IMPACTS AB Soil seed banks are important to many plant communities and are recognized as an important component of management plans. Understanding seed bank composition and density is especially important when communities have been invaded by exotic species and must be managed to promote desirable species. We examined germinable soil seed banks in southern California coastal sage scrub (CSS) that is heavily invaded by exotic grasses and in adjacent exotic grassland. Soils from both communities had similar seed banks, dominated by high densities of exotic grass and forb species. Up to 4,000 exotic grass seeds and at least 400 exotic forb seeds/m(2) were found in most soils, regardless of aboveground vegetation type. Native forbs averaged 400 seeds/m(2) in grass-dominated areas and about 800 in shrub-dominated soils. Shrub seed density was < 1 and < 10 seeds/m(2) in grass- and shrub-dominated areas, respectively, indicating that the shrub seed bank is not persistent compared to annuals. We also compared pre- and post-burn soil seed banks from one location that burned in October 2003. Late-season burning in both grass- and CSS-dominated areas disproportionately reduced exotic grass seed densities relative to native seed densities. The similarity of the seed banks in adjacent grass and shrub communities suggests that without intervention, areas currently dominated by CSS may become more similar to grass-dominated areas in terms of aboveground vegetation. In such areas, the first growing season following a wildfire is a window of opportunity for increasing native diversity at a time when density of exotic grass seeds is low. C1 [Cox, Robert D.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Cox, Robert D.; Allen, Edith B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Cox, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 322 E Front St,Suite 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM robdcox@gmail.com NR 69 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 5 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 198 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1007/s11258-007-9383-9 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 332OT UT WOS:000258093000004 ER PT J AU Grusak, MA AF Grusak, Michael A. TI Genetic diversity for seed mineral composition in the wild legume Teramnus labialis SO PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE calcium; germplasm; magnesium; seed minerals; wild legume ID NUTRITION; IMPROVE; CALCIUM; PLANTS AB Teramnus labialis (L.) Spreng. is a wild, tropical legume whose seeds are collected and used as a food source by tribal populations. In order to assess the potential of this legume to provide dietary minerals for humans, fourteen diverse accessions were grown under controlled, nutrient-replete conditions and seeds were harvested for mineral analysis. The germplasm originated from Indonesia, Africa, the Caribbean, and South America. Seed concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) were found to fall within the range of published values for several cultivated grain legumes, while calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were higher in T. labialis seeds. Mineral concentrations across the diverse accessions showed ranges of 1.3- to 2.3-fold for the macronutrient minerals (Ca, Mg, P, K) and 1.8- to 15.9-fold for the micronutrient minerals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Na). The existing genetic diversity in this wild legume, especially for the essential minerals Ca and Mg, could be exploited to develop T. labialis as a new cultivated legume for tropical regions of the world. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Grusak, MA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mgrusak@bcm.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-9668 J9 PLANT FOOD HUM NUTR JI Plant Food Hum. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 63 IS 3 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1007/s11130-008-0078-8 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 333OF UT WOS:000258161100003 PM 18563569 ER PT J AU Wang, DF Portis, AR Moose, SP Long, SP AF Wang, Dafu Portis, Archie R., Jr. Moose, Stephen P. Long, Stephen P. TI Cool C(4) photosynthesis: Pyruvate P(i) dikinase expression and activity corresponds to the exceptional cold tolerance of carbon assimilation in Miscanthus x giganteus SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECHINOCHLOA-CRUS-GALLI; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ORTHOPHOSPHATE DIKINASE; ZEA-MAYS; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; BARNYARD GRASS; PYRUVATE,ORTHOPHOSPHATE DIKINASE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CHILLING TEMPERATURE AB The bioenergy feedstock grass Miscanthus x giganteus is exceptional among C(4) species for its high productivity in cold climates. It can maintain photosynthetically active leaves at temperatures 6 degrees C below the minimum for maize (Zea mays), which allows it a longer growing season in cool climates. Understanding the basis for this difference between these two closely related plants may be critical in adapting maize to colder weather. When M. x giganteus and maize grown at 25 degrees C were transferred to 14 degrees C, light-saturated CO(2) assimilation and quantum yield of photosystem II declined by 30% and 40%, respectively, in the first 48 h in these two species. The decline continued in maize but arrested and then recovered partially in M. x giganteus. Within 24 h of the temperature transition, the pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) protein content per leaf area transiently declined in M. x giganteus but then steadily increased, such that after 7 d the enzyme content was significantly higher than in leaves growing in 25 degrees C. By contrast it declined throughout the chilling period in maize leaves. Rubisco levels remained constant in M. x giganteus but declined in maize. Consistent with increased PPDK protein content, the extractable PPDK activity per unit leaf area (V(max,ppdk)) in cold-grown M. x giganteus leaves was higher than in warm-grown leaves, while V(max,ppdk) was lower in cold-grown than in warm- grown maize. The rate of light activation of PPDK was also slower in cold-grown maize than M. x giganteus. The energy of activation (E(a)) of extracted PPDK was lower in cold-grown than warm-grown M. x giganteus but not in maize. The specific activities and E(a) of purified recombinant PPDK from M. x giganteus and maize cloned into Escherichia coli were similar. The increase in PPDK protein in the M. x giganteus leaves corresponded to an increase in PPDK mRNA level. These results indicate that of the two enzymes known to limit C(4) photosynthesis, increase of PPDK, not Rubisco content, corresponds to the recovery and maintenance of photosynthetic capacity. Functionally, increased enzyme concentration is shown to increase stability of M. x giganteus PPDK at low temperature. The results suggest that increases in either PPDK RNA transcription and/or the stability of this RNA are important for the increase in PPDK protein content and activity in M. x giganteus under chilling conditions relative to maize. C1 [Wang, Dafu; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Dafu; Portis, Archie R., Jr.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Portis, Archie R., Jr.; Moose, Stephen P.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Portis, Archie R., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Long, SP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM stevel@life.uiuc.edu RI Wang, Dafu/D-5417-2009; Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008 OI Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164 FU National Science Foundation [0446018] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 0446018). NR 60 TC 76 Z9 83 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 148 IS 1 BP 557 EP 567 DI 10.1104/pp.108.120709 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 344SM UT WOS:000258947600048 PM 18539777 ER PT J AU Albrecht, U Bowman, KD AF Albrecht, Ute Bowman, Kim D. TI Gene expression in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck following infection with the bacterial pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus causing Huanglongbing in Florida SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE citrus greening; Huanglongbing; phloem-limited bacterium; affymetrix; microarray ID ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; PLANT DEFENSE RESPONSES; SPIROPLASMA-CITRI; ABC TRANSPORTERS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ALPHA-EXPANSIN; PHLOEM LECTIN; PROTEINS; LEAVES; ACCUMULATION AB Huanglongbing (HLB) (= citrus greening) is a destructive disease of citrus which is caused by a fastidious, phloem-inhabiting bacterium of the genus Candidatus Liberibacter. Large-scale analysis of gene expression changes in 'Valencia' orange leaves were studied during the course of 19 weeks after inoculation with Ca. L. asiaticus using the Affymetrix GeneChip (R) citrus genome array to provide new insights into the molecular basis of citrus response to this pathogen. Of the more than 33,000 probe sets on the microarray 21,067 were expressed in the leaves, of which 279 and 515 were differentially expressed (false-discovery rate (FDR) <= 0.05) 5-9 and 13-17 weeks after inoculation, respectively. Results from semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis performed on 14 selected genes were highly correlated with those observed with the microarray. Gene expression changes involved a variety of different processes including cell defense, transport, cellular organization, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Notable was the pathogen-induced accumulation of transcripts for a phloem-specific lectin PP2-like protein. Transcriptional changes and their relation to disease symptom development are discussed. This is the first study of transcriptional profiling in citrus in response to liberibacter infection using microarray technology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Albrecht, Ute; Bowman, Kim D.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Albrecht, U (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM ute.albrecht@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 76 Z9 84 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 175 IS 3 BP 291 EP 306 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.05.001 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 338EJ UT WOS:000258488200015 ER PT J AU Kottapalli, KR Payton, P Rakwal, R Agrawal, GK Shibato, J Burow, M Puppala, N AF Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao Payton, Paxton Rakwal, Randeep Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar Shibato, Junko Burow, Mark Puppala, Naveen TI Proteomics analysis of mature seed of four peanut cultivars using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis reveals distinct differential expression of storage, anti-nutritional, and allergenic proteins SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE seed proteins; allergens; peanut market types; 2D protein profiles; nESI-LC-MS/MS ID PISUM-SATIVUM; WHEAT-GRAIN; LIPOXYGENASE; PROFILES; MARKERS; ESTABLISHMENT; GERMINATION; ARA-H-1; CLONE; GENE AB Profiles of total seed proteins isolated from mature seeds of four peanut cultivars, New Mexico Valencia C (NM Valencia C), Tamspan 90, Georgia Green, and NC-7, were studied using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with nano-electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nESI-LC-MS/MS). Two-dimensional gels stained with silver nitrate revealed a total of 457, 516, 556, and 530 protein spots in NM Valencia C, Tamspan 90, Georgia Green, and NC-7, respectively. Twenty abundant protein spots showing differences in relative abundance among these cultivars were analyzed by nESI-LC-MS/MS, resulting in identification of 14 non-redundant proteins. The majority of these proteins belonged to the globulin fraction consisting of arachin (g)ycinin and Arah3/4) and conarachin seed storage proteins as well as other allergen proteins. The expression of some of these identified protein spots was cultivar-specific. For example, allergen Arah3/Arah4 and conarachin protein spots were only detected in Tamspan 90 and NC-7, whereas the Glyl protein spot was detected only in NM Valencia C and NC-7. Moreover, a galactose-binding lectin protein spot with anti-nutritive properties was only present in Tamspan 90. Other proteins showing differences in relative abundance among the four cultivars included 13-lipoxygenase, fructose-biphosphate aldolase, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Together, these results suggest that identified proteins might serve as potential markers for cultivar differentiation and may be associated with underlying sensory and nutritional traits of peanut cultivars. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Puppala, Naveen] New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr, Clovis, NM 88101 USA. [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Burow, Mark] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Payton, Paxton] USDA, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Rakwal, Randeep; Shibato, Junko] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Hlth Technol Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. [Rakwal, Randeep; Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar] Res Lab Biotechnol & Biochem, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Burow, Mark] Texas A&M Univ, Agr Expt Stn, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Puppala, N (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr, 2346 SR 288, Clovis, NM 88101 USA. EM npuppala@nmsu.edu FU National Peanut Board; Texas Peanut Producers Board; New Mexico Peanut Research Board; New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-ARS CRIS [6208-21000-012-00D]; University of Georgia FX We thank Ms. Misato Hirano (HTRC) and undergraduate students Mr. Kiyotaka Horie and Ms. Takako Furusawa (School of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan) for their technical support. The expert assistance of Ms. Yuko Ogawa (HTRC) in MS analysis is also appreciated. We thank Drs. Hitoshi Iwahashi, Yoshinori Masuo, and Yasukazu Yoshida, of HTRC, for their generous support and encouragement. This research was supported by grants from the National Peanut Board, Texas Peanut Producers Board, New Mexico Peanut Research Board, New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ogallala Aquifer Initiative, USDA-ARS CRIS 6208-21000-012-00D, and USAID-Peanut CRSP through University of Georgia. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 175 IS 3 BP 321 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.05.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 338EJ UT WOS:000258488200018 ER PT J AU Kaur, P Mott, IW Larson, SR Bushman, BS Hernandez, AG Kim, WR Liu, L Mikel, MA AF Kaur, Parminder Mott, Ivan W. Larson, Steven R. Bushman, B. Shaun Hernandez, Alvaro G. Kim, W. Ryan Liu, Lei Mikel, Mark A. TI Gene expression polymorphisms and ESTs associated with gravitropic response of subterranean branch meristerns and growth habit in Leymus wildryes SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE gravitropism; growth habit; Leymus wildryes; microarray; rhizome; tiller ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ROOT GRAVITROPISM; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; SHOOT GRAVITROPISM; MAIZE COLEOPTILES; CALMODULIN; GENOME; KINASE; TRITICEAE; CALCIUM AB Negatively orthogeotropic (NOGT) tiller and diageotropic (DGT) rhizome meristems develop from the same type of lateral axillary meristems and phytomer structure. Although subterranean NOCT and DGT buds appear similar, they display different responses to gravity and perhaps other cues governing branch angle and overall growth habit (GH). Leymus wildryes show remarkable variation in GH and include some of the largest native grasses in western North America. Previous studies detected GH QTLs on homoeologous regions of LG3a and LG3b controlling differences between caespitose Leymus cinereus and rhizomatous Leymus triticoides allotetraploids. Heterologous barley and wheat microarrays in conjunction with bulk segregate analysis were used to find gene expression polymorphisms associated with CH QTLs. Approximately 34% and 25% of the probe sets showed detectable signals on the barley and wheat arrays, respectively. Overall gene expression patterns of NOGT and DGT meristems were remarkably similar, consistent with the assertion that Leymus NOGT and DGT buds develop from homologous meristems. Only 28 and 27 genes on barley and wheat gene chips, respectively, showed more than twofold differential expressions between NOGT and DGT tissues. One expression polyrnorphism genetically mapped in the Leymus LG3 rhizome QTL region. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Mott, Ivan W.; Larson, Steven R.; Bushman, B. Shaun] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hernandez, Alvaro G.; Kim, W. Ryan; Liu, Lei] Univ Illinois, WM Keck Ctr Comparat & Funct Genom, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Mikel, Mark A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Mikel, Mark A.] Univ Illinois, Roy J Carver Biotechnol Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Mott, IW (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 690 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM ivan.mott@ars.usda.gov NR 74 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 175 IS 3 BP 330 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.05.004 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 338EJ UT WOS:000258488200019 ER PT J AU McCafferty, HRK Moore, PH Zhu, YJ AF McCafferty, Heather R. K. Moore, Paul H. Zhu, Yun J. TI Papaya transformed with the Galanthus nivalis GNA gene produces a biologically active lectin with spider mite control activity SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE papaya (Carica papaya L.) transformation; snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) lectin; carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus); plant pest resistance ID TRANSGENIC INDICA RICE; SNOWDROP LECTIN; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS; BROWN PLANTHOPPER; ENHANCED RESISTANCE; INSECT RESISTANCE; VENOM TOXIN; PLANTS; APHID; EXPRESSION AB Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) lectin has previously been shown to have anti-feedant and insecticidal activity towards sap-sucking insects. However, its effectiveness against plant-parasitic mites has not been demonstrated. In this study, the commercial papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivar Kapoho, which is highly susceptible to mites, was transformed with the snowdrop lectin (G. nivalis agglutin [GNA]) gene. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of the transgene and six independent transformed lines were selected for expression analysis. Western blot analysis showed that the lines expressed a recombinant protein with a molecular weight similar to that of the native snowdrop lectin. Leaf extracts containing the recombinant GNA protein agglutinated trypsinized rabbit erythrocytes thus, showing the GNA protein to be biologically active. ELISA and indirect measurement from the agglutination assay showed there to be variation in GNA expression among the lines produced. A laboratory bioassay using carmine spider mites (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) suggested improved pest resistance in the transgenic papaya plants. This is the first report that a transgenic plant expressing the GNA gene possesses enhanced resistance to a plant-parasitic mite. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McCafferty, Heather R. K.; Zhu, Yun J.] Hawaai Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. [Moore, Paul H.] USDA ARS, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. RP Zhu, YJ (reprint author), Hawaai Agr Res Ctr, 99-193 Aiea Heights Dr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. EM hmccafferty@harc-hspa.com; paul.moore@ars.usda.gov; jzhu@harc-hspa.com NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 175 IS 3 BP 385 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.05.007 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 338EJ UT WOS:000258488200025 ER PT J AU Park, CJ Peng, Y Chen, XW Dardick, C Ruan, DL Bart, R Canlas, PE Ronald, PC AF Park, Chang-Jin Peng, Ying Chen, Xuewei Dardick, Christopher Ruan, DeLing Bart, Rebecca Canlas, Patrick E. Ronald, Pamela C. TI Rice XB15, a protein phosphatase 2C, negatively regulates cell death and XA21-mediated innate immunity SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; TANDEM AFFINITY PURIFICATION; ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE; ZINC-TRANSPORTER GENES; LESION MIMIC MUTANTS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; JUXTAMEMBRANE DOMAIN AB Perception of extracellular signals by cell surface receptors is of central importance to eukaryotic development and immunity. Kinases that are associated with the receptors or are part of the receptors themselves modulate signaling through phosphorylation events. The rice ( Oryza sativa L.) XA21 receptor kinase is a key recognition and signaling determinant in the innate immune response. A yeast two-hybrid screen using the intracellular portion of XA21, including the juxtamembrane (JM) and kinase domain as bait, identified a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), called XA21 binding protein 15 (XB15). The interaction of XA21 and XB15 was confirmed in vitro and in vivo by glutathione-Stransferase (GST) pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, respectively. XB15 fusion proteins purified from Escherichia coli and from transgenic rice carry PP2C activity. Autophosphorylated XA21 can be dephosphorylated by XB15 in a temporal- and dosage-dependent manner. A serine residue in the XA21 JM domain is required for XB15 binding. Xb15 mutants display a severe cell death phenotype, induction of pathogenesis-related genes, and enhanced XA21-mediated resistance. Overexpression of Xb15 in an XA21 rice line compromises resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. These results demonstrate that Xb15 encodes a PP2C that negatively regulates the XA21-mediated innate immune response. C1 [Park, Chang-Jin; Peng, Ying; Chen, Xuewei; Ruan, DeLing; Bart, Rebecca; Canlas, Patrick E.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dardick, Christopher] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Ronald, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM pcronald@ucdavis.edu RI Bart, Rebecca/M-2838-2013; OI Bart, Rebecca/0000-0003-1378-3481 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM59962]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rice Coordinated Agricultural Projects (CAP); Korea Science & Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) GM59962, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rice Coordinated Agricultural Projects (CAP), and the Post-doctoral Fellowship Program of Korea Science & Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) to CJP. NR 102 TC 92 Z9 110 U1 3 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1544-9173 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 6 IS 9 BP 1910 EP 1926 AR e231 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060231 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 356MZ UT WOS:000259783600015 PM 18817453 ER PT J AU Richt, JA Hall, SM AF Richt, Jurgen A. Hall, S. Mark TI BSE case associated with prion protein gene mutation SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; DISEASE AB Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of cattle and was first detected in 1986 in the United Kingdom. It is the most likely cause of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. The origin of BSE remains an enigma. Here we report an H-type BSE case associated with the novel mutation E211K within the prion protein gene (Prnp). Sequence analysis revealed that the animal with H-type BSE was heterozygous at Prnp nucleotides 631 through 633. An identical pathogenic mutation at the homologous codon position (E200K) in the human Prnp has been described as the most common cause of genetic CJD. This finding represents the first report of a confirmed case of BSE with a potential pathogenic mutation within the bovine Prnp gene. A recent epidemiological study revealed that the K211 allele was not detected in 6062 cattle from commercial beef processing plants and 42 cattle breeds, indicating an extremely low prevalence of the E211K variant (less than 1 in 2000) in cattle. C1 [Hall, S. Mark] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Pathobiol Lab, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Iowa City, IA USA. [Richt, Jurgen A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Richt, JA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, DMP, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jricht@vet.k-state.edu FU USDA-ARS-National Animal Disease Center (NADC); USDA-APHIS-National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL); NIAID-NIH [PO1 AI 77774-01] FX This work was supported by the USDA-ARS-National Animal Disease Center (NADC) and USDA-APHIS-National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) and by the NIAID-NIH PO1 AI 77774-01 "Pathogenesis, Transmission and Detection of Zoonotic Prion Diseases''. NR 13 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 4 IS 9 AR e1000156 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000156 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 356MW UT WOS:000259783300013 PM 18787697 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Rudell, DR Mattheis, JP AF Zhu, Yanmin Rudell, David R. Mattheis, James P. TI Characterization of cultivar differences in alcohol acyltransferase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene expression and volatile ester emission during apple fruit maturation and ripening SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Malus domestica (Borkh.); volatile esters; ethylene; 1-methylcyclopropene; fruit ripening ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; ACYL-TRANSFERASE; DELICIOUS APPLES; GRANNY SMITH; FUJI APPLES; FATTY-ACIDS; AROMA; FLAVOR; IDENTIFICATION AB Alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) catalyzes the last step of volatile ester biosynthesis, and ethylene purportedly regulates AAT gene expression. In this study, expression patterns of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) AAT genes and ethylene biosynthesis genes of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) were investigated in cultivars with relatively high ('Golden Delicious') or low ('Granny Smith') volatile ester production. All four AAT genes expressed stronger in 'Golden Delicious' than in 'Granny Smith'. MdAAT1 and MdAAT2 are the predominant genes expressed in fruit tissues. The expression levels of MdAAT1 and MdAAT2 were increasing as ripening progressed and were consistent with the total amount of esters detected between two cultivars. The transcript levels of MdAAT3 and MdAAT4 decreased at or after the onset of ripening. The expression of MdACS1 was significantly increased at the onset of ripening in both cultivars, while the expression of MdACS3 was detected throughout the harvest period in 'Golden Delicious'. Postharvest methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) exposure had little impact on expression of MdAAT1 and MdACS3 genes, but substantially suppressed the transcript level for MdACS1 in both cultivars, and MdAAT2 in 'Golden Delicious'. The results indicated that (1) differential expression of AAT genes may contribute to phenotypic variation of volatile ester biosynthesis, and (2) the expression of MdACS3 may play a role on induction of AAT genes expression in early fruit development, because it was expressed prior to ACS1. (3) The climacteric expression of MdACS1 greatly enhanced the expression levels of MdAAT1 and MdAAT2 genes and the emission of aromatic volatile esters. (4) Postharvest 1-MCP treatment showed selected inhibition on gene expression of specific AAT and ACS family members. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhu, Yanmin; Rudell, David R.; Mattheis, James P.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 49 TC 33 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 330 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.03.015 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 330YH UT WOS:000257978200002 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Lu, RF AF Qin, Jianwei Lu, Renfu TI Measurement of the optical properties of fruits and vegetables using spatially resolved hyperspectral diffuse reflectance imaging technique SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imaging; spatially resolved spectroscopy; diffuse reflectance; optical properties; diffusion theory model; fruits; vegetables; light penetration depth ID ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; CHROMOPHORE CONCENTRATIONS; NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION; LIGHT PENETRATION; IN-VIVO; SCATTERING; TISSUE; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSMITTANCE; QUALITY AB This paper reports on the measurement of the optical properties of fresh fruits and vegetables over the visible and short-wave near-infrared region (500-1000 nm) using a spatially resolved steady state diffuse reflectance technique. A hyperspectral imaging system in line scan mode was used to acquire spatially resolved diffuse reflectance images from the samples of apple (three varieties), peach, pear, kiwifruit, plum, Cucumber, zucchini squash, and tomato (at three ripeness stages) over the spectral range of 500-1000 nm. The absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of the samples were determined from the spatially resolved scattering profiles usinginverse algorithms for a diffusion theory model. Spectra of the absorption coefficient were featured by major pigments (chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and carotenoid) and water in the samples, whereas spectra of the reduced scattering coefficient generally decreased with the increase of wavelength. Values of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients varied greatly among the test samples. Large differences in the absorption spectra were observed for the tomatoes of three ripeness stages (green, pink, and red), and their ripeness was correctly classified using the ratio of the absorption coefficient at 675 nm (for chlorophyll) to that at 535 nm (for anthocyanin). Values of the reduced scattering coefficient positively correlated with the firmness of tomatoes at individual wavelengths of 500-1000 nm, with the maximum correlation of 0.66 being obtained at 790 nm. Light penetration depths, defined as the depths at which the incident light was reduced by 99%, were estimated to be between 0.97 and 6.52 cm for the fruit and vegetable samples over the wavelength range of 500-1000 nm; they were influenced by major pigments in the plant tissue. The spatially resolved steady-state diffuse reflectance technique provides a convenient and efficient means for measuring the optical properties of turbid food and agricultural products. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Qin, Jianwei] Michigan State Univ, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Lu, RF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM qinj@ufl.edu; renfu.lu@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 117 Z9 122 U1 3 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 355 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.03.010 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 330YH UT WOS:000257978200005 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Saftner, RA Conway, WS Yoder, KS AF Janisiewicz, Wojciech J. Saftner, Robert A. Conway, William S. Yoder, Keith S. TI Control of blue mold decay of apple during commercial controlled atmosphere storage with yeast antagonists and sodium bicarbonate SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE postharvest biological control; Cryptococcus laurentii; Metschnikowia pulcherrima; Penicillium expansum ID POSTHARVEST BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CRYPTOCOCCUS-LAURENTII; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; HOT-WATER; GRAY MOLD; METSCHNIKOWIA-PULCHERRIMA; BIOCONTROL AGENT; HEAT-TREATMENT; RHIZOPUS ROT; CITRUS-FRUIT AB A Mixture of two yeast antagonists, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Cryptococcus laurentii, originally isolated from apples and exhibiting greater biocontrol activity against blue mold of apple than either yeast applied alone, were used in combination with sodium bicarbonate (SBC) in a pilot test in which treated fruit were stored under commercial controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions. Conidia of Penicillium expansum, antagonists cells and SBC were added to the drench solution. The treatments were applied to apples by drenching entire bins filled with apples containing 100 wounded fruit evenly distributed among five positions in each bin. The treated fruit were stored in commercial CA storages for approximately six months in the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 storage seasons and then evaluated for incidence of decay. In both years, the treatments with the antagonist alone OF in combination with SBC were equally effective and reduced blue mold incidence by 84-97% in 2005-2006 and 73-82% in 2006-2007. SBC alone significantly reduced blue mold incidence compared to the non-treated control but was less effective than the antagonist alone or in combination with SBC. This pilot test showed that the combination of these two antagonists and SBC can be an effective decay control method under commercial CA conditions, confirming results from our earlier laboratory studies using similarly treated fruit stored under CA conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Janisiewicz, Wojciech J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Agr Res Serv, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Saftner, Robert A.; Conway, William S.] USDA, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yoder, Keith S.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Agr Res & Extens, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Agr Res Serv, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 21 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 374 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.03.011 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 330YH UT WOS:000257978200007 ER PT J AU Droby, S Eick, A Macarisin, D Cohen, L Rafael, G Stange, R McColum, G Dudai, N Nasser, A Wisniewski, M Shapira, R AF Droby, S. Eick, A. Macarisin, D. Cohen, L. Rafael, G. Stange, R. McColum, G. Dudai, N. Nasser, A. Wisniewski, M. Shapira, R. TI Role of citrus volatiles in host recognition, germination and growth of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrus; volatiles; limonene; spore germination; hyphal growth promotion ID SPORE GERMINATION; ESSENTIAL OIL; PEEL; ORANGES; GRAPEFRUIT; EXTRACTS; STORAGE; CONIDIA; LEAVES AB Volatiles emitted from wounded peel tissue of various citrus cultivars had a pronounced stimulatory effect on germination and germ tube elongation of both Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum; however, P. digitatum appeared to be more sensitive to the stimulatory action of citrus peel volatiles. When exposed to volatiles from grapefruit peel discs, the percentage of germinated spores of P digitatum and P. italicum was 75.1% and 37.5%, respectively, whereas germination of controls was 6.8% and 14.7%, respectively. In contrast, Botrytis cinerea and P expansum were either not affected or inhibited by the peel volatiles. GS-MS analysis of volatiles present in the peel of various citrus fruit cultivars revealed that limonene is the major fruit peel volatile. Its percentage ranged from 89% to 95% at the early stages of fruit development throughout the harvest season. Myrcene and alpha-pinene made up the second and third greatest amounts among the volatiles found in these oils, ranging from 2.12% to 2.33% and from 0.71% to 1.25%, respectively. All four monoterpenes, limonene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and myrcene were stimulatory to R digitatum and P. italicum but inhibitory to or had no effect on P. expansum and B. cinerea. Germ tube elongation in P digitatum responded most strongly to limonene and less strongly to alpha-pinene and beta-pinene while myrcene had little effect. In contrast in R italicum, myrcene stimulated germ tube elongation the most followed by limonene, with alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene being about equal. Germination of P. italicum conidia was highest in response to myrecene with the effect of the other compounds being about equal at concentrations of 5 mu L or more per plate. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Droby, S.; Eick, A.; Macarisin, D.; Cohen, L.; Rafael, G.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Stange, R.; McColum, G.] USDA ARS, US Horticultural Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Dudai, N.] Agr Res Org, Dept Vegetable Crops, Newe Yaar Res Ctr, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Nasser, A.] Volcani Ctr, Agr Res Org, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, IL-5250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Macarisin, D.; Wisniewski, M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Shapira, R.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Biochem Food Sci & Nutr, Fac Agr Food & Environm Qual Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Droby, S (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, POB 6, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. EM samird@volcani.agri.gov.il NR 19 TC 54 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 386 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.01.016 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 330YH UT WOS:000257978200009 ER PT J AU Line, J Hiett, K Conlan, A AF Line, J. Hiett, K. Conlan, A. TI Comparison of challenge models for determining the colonization dose of Campylobacter jejuni in broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; Campylobacter jejuni; individually housed chick model; group-housed chick model ID DAY-OF-HATCH; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENESIS; SALMONELLA; REDUCE; FEED; AGE AB Coprophagous activity is normal among broiler chickens. The purpose of this study was to compare an individually housed chick model (where bird-to-bird coprophagia was prevented) to a group-housed chick model (where bird-to-bird coprophagia was allowed) for determining estimates of the number of Campylobacter jejuni RM1221 necessary to colonize 50% of broiler chicks inoculated (colonization dose 50% or CD50). Campylobacter jejuni RM1221 was orally administered in measured doses to newly hatched chicks. The chicks were housed either individually in cages designed to minimize coprophagous activity or in isolation units containing groups of birds where coprophagia was allowed. The birds were killed and analyzed for Campylobacter in the ceca on d 7 postinoculation. The CD50 was calculated, and results from the 2 models were compared. Elimination of transmission of Campylobacter, through coprophagia or other means, led to a more clear determination of the estimated CD50 of about 524 cfu of C. jejuni RM1221 as demonstrated in the individually housed chick model. Bayesian inference based on the beta-Poisson statistical modeling procedures were found to be superior to standard single-hit dose-response modeling for estimation of the CD50. This study demonstrated that the individual bird challenge model is superior to the group challenge model for trials designed to determine colonization dose. C1 [Line, J.; Hiett, K.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Conlan, A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. RP Line, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, POB 5677, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM eric.line@ars.usda.gov FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/C500852/1] NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1700 EP 1706 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00027 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 344LV UT WOS:000258929600003 PM 18753435 ER PT J AU Martynova-VanKley, A Syvyk, A Teplova, I Hume, M Nalian, A AF Martynova-VanKley, A. Syvyk, A. Teplova, I. Hume, M. Nalian, A. TI Rapid detection of avian Eimeria species using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; Eimeria; coccidiosis; species identification ID RIBOSOMAL DNA; DOMESTIC-FOWL; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; PCR; DISCRIMINATION; LIKELIHOOD; DIAGNOSIS; ALIGNMENT; CHICKENS AB A denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) assay was developed to rapidly discriminate species of avian Eimeria. Amplification by PCR of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (approximately 1,600 nucleotides) with Eimeria genus-specific primers followed by cloning and sequencing allowed us to carry out phylogenetic analyses and identify clone sequences to species level in most cases. Clones were subsequently used to amplify a smaller fragment (approximately 120 nucleotides) suitable for DGGE. The fragments were separated on denaturing gradient gel and bands with unique migration distances were mixed to obtain an identification ladder. The identification ladder and PCR products obtained from DNA extracted from fecal samples from several poultry farms were compared. Applying the DGGE method in this study allowed a rapid differentiation of Eimeria species present in fecal samples collected from poultry farms. C1 [Martynova-VanKley, A.; Syvyk, A.; Teplova, I.; Nalian, A.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 75965, Japan. [Hume, M.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Martynova-VanKley, A (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biotechnol, POB 6132, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 75965, Japan. EM avankley@sfasu.edu FU Stephen F. Austin State University ORSP FX We would like to thank Tim Cherry (Department of Forestry and Agriculture, SFASU) for providing field samples. This work was supported by a Stephen F. Austin State University ORSP grant. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1707 EP 1713 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00098 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 344LV UT WOS:000258929600004 PM 18753436 ER PT J AU Li, X Swaggerty, CL Kogut, MH Chiang, H Wang, Y Genovese, KJ He, H Stern, NJ Pevzner, IY Zhou, H AF Li, X. Swaggerty, C. L. Kogut, M. H. Chiang, H. Wang, Y. Genovese, K. J. He, H. Stern, N. J. Pevzner, I. Y. Zhou, H. TI The paternal effect of Campylobacter jejuni colonization in ceca in broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Campylobacter jejuni; broiler; paternal effect; cecal colonization ID MAMMALIAN IMPRINTED GENES; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; ORGAN INVASION; SUSCEPTIBLE CHICKENS; FEATHERING GENE; SALMONELLA; HETEROPHILS; INFECTION; STRAINS; PREVALENCE AB Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of acute enteritis worldwide. Chickens are believed to be the main reservoir of C. jejuni. The role that host genetics play in resistance/susceptibility to C. jejuni colonization in broilers is still not clear. Day-old broilers from 2 parental lines (A and B) and their F-1 reciprocal crosses (C and D) were challenged orally with 10(5) cfu of C. jejuni to address the role of genetics in determining resistance/susceptibility to C. jejuni colonization in broilers. Cloacal swabs were collected on 6, 10, and 13 d postinoculation (dpi), and cecal contents cultured for C. jejuni on 7 and 14 dpi. The number of C. jejuni colonies in the cloacal swabs and cecal contents of each bird were recorded at each time point. Significantly fewer bacteria were found in the cecal contents from line A than B (P < 0.05) and cross D (A male x B female) when compared with cross C (A female x B male) at both 7 and 14 dpi. There was a significant correlation between C. jejuni counts in cloacal swabs and those in cecal contents. The results indicated that a paternal effect might be one of the important genetic factors influencing resistance to C. jejuni colonization in broilers. C1 [Swaggerty, C. L.; Kogut, M. H.; Genovese, K. J.; He, H.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Li, X.; Chiang, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Stern, N. J.] USDA ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Pevzner, I. Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. RP Kogut, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kogut@ffsru.usda.gov; hjzhou@poultry.tamu.edu FU National Research Initiative [2007-35604-17903]; Extension Service Animal Genome program FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant no. 2007-35604-17903 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Animal Genome program. The authors thank Laura H. Ripley (Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, TX) for help with animal care and sample collection and Cabrera Elisa (Texas A&M University, College Station) for help with autoplating. Mention of commercial products is for the sole purpose of providing specific information; not recommendation/endorsement by the USDA. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1742 EP 1747 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00136 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 344LV UT WOS:000258929600009 PM 18753441 ER PT J AU Byrd, JA Burnham, MR McReynolds, JL Anderson, RC Genovese, KJ Callaway, TR Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ AF Byrd, J. A. Burnham, M. R. McReynolds, J. L. Anderson, R. C. Genovese, K. J. Callaway, T. R. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. TI Evaluation of an experimental chlorate product as a preslaughter feed supplement to reduce Salmonella in meat-producing birds SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; experimental chlorate product; Salmonella; performance ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; TOTAL RADIOACTIVE RESIDUES; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; SODIUM-CHLORATE; BEEF-CATTLE; DRINKING-WATER; POULTRY LITTER; PARENT CHLORATE; LACTIC-ACID; BROILERS AB A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of experimental chlorate product (ECP) feed supplementation on Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) in the crop and ceca of market-age broilers. In trial 1, 160 market-age broilers were randomly assigned to 8 treatment groups and replicated twice, with 20 broilers per pen for 1 wk. Trial 2 used the same design, but used 80 market-age broilers with 10 broilers per pen. Treatments were as follows: 1) control feed + double-distilled drinking water (dd H2O); 2) control + 18.5% experimental zeolite carrier with dd H2O; 3 to 7) control feed supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, or 18.5% of a feed grade ECP + dd H2O; 8) control feed + 1 x ECP (0.16% w/v; containing 15 mM chlorate ion equivalent) added to dd H2O. Seven-week-old broilers were provided experimental treatments for 7 d, killed, and then ceca and crops were removed and evaluated for ST. Broilers fed 5 to 18.5% ECP or water ECP had a significantly lower (P < 0.05) incidence of ST in the crop (36 to 38% and 14%, respectively) when compared with the control (60%). Broilers fed 10% ECP or water ECP had significantly lower ST crop concentrations (1.03 log(10) and 0.38 log(10) ST/g, respectively) when compared with broilers fed a control diet (1.54 log(10) ST/g). Crop and ceca ST incidence (32 to 48%) and concentration (1.00 to 1.82 log(10) ST/g) were significantly lower in broilers fed 5 to 18.5% ECP as compared with the control (78%; 2.84 log(10) ST/g). Broilers fed 5% or greater ECP had significantly higher water consumption (380 to 580 mL water/d) and litter moisture (31 to 56%) when compared with the control (370 mL water/d; 23% moisture). Only broilers fed 18.5% ECP had significantly lower 7-wk BW (2.77 kg of BW) when compared with the controls (3.09 kg of BW). Average daily gains were significantly depressed in broilers fed 10 or 18.5% ECP compared with the controls. These results indicate broilers supplemented with feed <= 5% ECP or water ECP 7 d before slaughter reduced ST without affecting growth parameters. C1 [Byrd, J. A.; Burnham, M. R.; McReynolds, J. L.; Anderson, R. C.; Genovese, K. J.; Callaway, T. R.; Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Byrd, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F & B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Allen.Byrd@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1883 EP 1888 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00502 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 344LV UT WOS:000258929600026 PM 18753458 ER PT J AU Millar, CI Westfall, RD AF Millar, Constance I. Westfall, Robert D. TI Rock glaciers and related periglacial landforms in the Sierra Nevada, CA, USA; inventory, distribution and climatic relationships SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Pacific Climate Workshop CY MAR 26-29, 2006 CL Pacific Grove, CA ID WESTERN ARCTIC COAST; LA SAL MOUNTAINS; FRONT RANGE; SELF-ORGANIZATION; LATE PLEISTOCENE; WHITE-MOUNTAINS; SWISS-ALPS; CALIFORNIA; GEOMORPHOLOGY; MOVEMENT AB Rock glaciers and related periglacial rock-ice features (RIFs) are abundant yet overlooked landforms in the Sierra Nevada, California, where they occur in diverse forms. We mapped 421 RIFs from field surveys, and grouped these into six classes based on morphology and location. These categories comprise a greater range of frozen-ground features than are commonly described in rock-glacier surveys. Mapped features extended from 2225 to 3932 m (modern, mean 3333 m), occurred mostly on NNW to NNE aspects, and ranged in apparent age from modern to relict (late Pleistocene). Many of the smaller features mapped here are not readily discernible with remote (e.g., air photo) observation; field surveys remain the best approach for their detection. We interpreted the presence of outlet springs, basal lakes, suspended silt in outlet streams, and fringing phreatophytic vegetation, in addition to morphologic indications of current rock movement, as evidence for interstitial ice, either persistent or seasonal. The six classes were distinct in their geographic settings and morphologic conditions, indicating process-level differences. To assess modern climate, we intersected mapped locations with the 30 arcsec PRISM climate model. Discriminant analysis indicated significant differences among the climate means of the classes with the first three canonical vectors describing 94% of the differences among classes. Mean annual air temperatures (MAAT) for modern features ranged from 0.3 to 2.2 degrees C; mean precipitation ranged from 1346 to 1513 mm. We calculated differences between modern and Pleistocene temperatures in two ways, one based on elevation differences of modern and relict RIFs (662 in) and standard lapse rate, the other using PRISM estimates. For the first, we estimate the difference in MAAT as -3.9 degrees C (range -2.2-to 7.9 degrees C); from PRISM, the difference was -3.3 degrees C (range -1.0 to -6.1 degrees C). In that persistent snowfields and glaciers are retreating in the Sierra Nevada under warming climates, RIFs will likely become increasingly important in prolonging water storage during the warm season and providing small but distributed water reserves for biodiversity and runoff. Their presence and water contributions would benefit by further hydrologic study. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Millar, Constance I.; Westfall, Robert D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us OI Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322 NR 93 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 188 BP 90 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2007.06.004 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 351FW UT WOS:000259410900010 ER PT J AU Svejcar, T Angell, R Bradford, JA Dugas, W Emmerich, W Frank, AB Gilmanov, T Haferkamp, M Johnson, DA Mayeux, H Mielnick, P Morgan, J Saliendra, NZ Schuman, GE Sims, PL Snyder, K AF Svejcar, Tony Angell, Raymond Bradford, James A. Dugas, William Emmerich, William Frank, Albert B. Gilmanov, Tagir Haferkamp, Marshall Johnson, Douglas A. Mayeux, Herman Mielnick, Pat Morgan, Jack Saliendra, Nicanor Z. Schuman, Gerald E. Sims, Phillip L. Snyder, Kereith TI Carbon fluxes on North American rangelands SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE carbon flux; grasslands; sequestration; shrub steppe ID SAGEBRUSH-STEPPE ECOSYSTEMS; DIOXIDE FLUXES; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; BOWEN-RATIO; CO2 FLUX; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; TEMPERATE GRASSLAND; EXCHANGE; CHAMBER; BALANCE AB Rangelands account for almost half of the earth's land surface and may play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle. We Studied net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of C on eight North American rangeland sites over a 6-yr period. Management practices and disturbance regimes can influence NEE; for consistency, we compared ungrazed and undisturbed rangelands including four Great Plains sites from Texas to North Dakota, two Southwestern hot desert sites in New Mexico and Arizona, and two Northwestern sagebrush steppe sites in Idaho and Oregon. We used the Bowen ratio-energy balance system for continuous measurements of energy, water vapor, and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes at each study site during the measurement period (1996 to 2001 for most sites). Data were processed and screened using standardized procedures, which facilitated across-location comparisons. Although almost any site could be either a sink or source for C depending on yearly weather patterns, five of the eight native rangelands typically were sinks for atmospheric CO2 during the study period. Both sagebrush steppe sites were sinks and three of four Great Plains grasslands were sinks, but the two Southwest hot desert sites were sources of C on an annual basis. Most rangelands were characterized by short periods of high C uptake (2 mo to 3 mo) and long periods of C balance or small respiratory losses of C. Weather patterns during the measurement period strongly influenced conclusions about NEE on any given rangeland site. Droughts tended to limit periods of high C uptake and thus cause even the most productive sites to become sources of C on an annual basis. Our results show that native rangelands are a potentially important terrestrial sink for atmospheric CO2, and maintaining the period of active C uptake will be critical if we are to manage rangelands for C sequestration. C1 [Svejcar, Tony; Angell, Raymond] Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Bradford, James A.; Sims, Phillip L.] So Plains Range Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Dugas, William; Mielnick, Pat] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Blackland Res Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Emmerich, William] SW Watershed Res, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Frank, Albert B.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Gilmanov, Tagir] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Johnson, Douglas A.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Johnson, Douglas A.] Utah State Univ, Forage & Range Res Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mayeux, Herman] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Morgan, Jack] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Saliendra, Nicanor Z.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Schuman, Gerald E.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Snyder, Kereith] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Svejcar, T (reprint author), Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM tony.svejcar@oregonstate.edu NR 39 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 32 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 61 IS 5 BP 465 EP 474 DI 10.2111/07-108.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 351FH UT WOS:000259409400001 ER PT J AU Mazzola, MB Allcock, KG Chambers, JC Blank, RR Schupp, EW Doescher, PS Nowak, RS AF Mazzola, Monica B. Allcock, Kimberly G. Chambers, Jeanne C. Blank, Robert R. Schupp, Eugene W. Doescher, Paul S. Nowak, Robert S. TI Effects of nitrogen availability and cheatgrass competition on the establishment of Vavilov Siberian wheatgrass SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; invasion; nitrate; rangeland restoration; sagebrush steppe; sucrose addition ID CRESTED WHEATGRASS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; INTERMOUNTAIN WEST; SOIL-NITROGEN; GRASSES; FIRE; WEED; EXPLOITATION; SUCCESSION AB Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is the most widespread invasive weed in sagebrush ecosystems of North America. Restoration of perennial vegetation is difficult and land managers have often used introduced bunchgrasses to restore degraded sagebrush communities. Our objective was to evaluate the potential of 'Vavilov' Siberian wheatgrass (Agropyron fragile [Roth] P. Candargy) to establish on cheatgrass-dominated sites. We examined Vavilov establishment in response to different levels of soil nitrogen availability by adding sucrose to the soil to promote nitrogen (N) immobilization and examined cheatgrass competition by seeding different levels of cheatgrass. We used a blocked split-split plot design with two sucrose levels (0 and 360 g.m(-2)), two levels of Vavilov (0 and 300 seeds.m(-2)), and five levels of cheatgrass (0, 150, 300, 600, and 1200 seeds.m(-2)). Seeding was conducted in fall 2003 and 2004, and measurements were taken in June 2004, 2005, and 2006. Sucrose addition decreased availability of soil nitrate but not orthophosphate. In the first year after seeding, sucrose reduced cheatgrass density by 35% and decreased both cheatgrass biomass per square meter and seed production per square meter by 67%. These effects were temporary, and by the second year after seeding, there was a sevenfold increase in cheatgrass density. As a result, the effects of sucrose addition were no longer significant. Sucrose affected Vavilov growth, but not density, during the first year after seeding. Vavilov density decreased as cheatgrass seeding density increased. Short-term reductions in N or cheatgrass seed supply did not have long-term effects on cheatgrass and did not increase Vavilov establishment. Longer-term reductions in soil N, higher seeding densities, or more competitive plant materials are necessary to revegetate areas dominated by cheatgrass. C1 [Chambers, Jeanne C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Mazzola, Monica B.; Allcock, Kimberly G.; Nowak, Robert S.] Univ Nevada, Nat Resources & Environm Sci Dept, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Blank, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Schupp, Eugene W.] Utah State Univ, Dept Rangeland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Doescher, Paul S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Chambers, JC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM jchambers@fs.fed.us RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010 NR 50 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 18 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 61 IS 5 BP 475 EP 484 DI 10.2111/07-133.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 351FH UT WOS:000259409400002 ER PT J AU Koler, SA Frasier, GW Trlica, MJ Reeder, JD AF Koler, Selina A. Frasier, G. W. Trlica, M. J. Reeder, J. D. TI Microchannels affect runoff and sediment yield from a shortgrass prairie SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE channels; erosion; grassland; rainfall simulation; rills; surface hydrology ID OVERLAND-FLOW; VEGETATION; SOIL; EROSION; INFILTRATION; HILLSLOPES; RESPONSES; RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; RAINFALL AB Runoff and sediment yield from rangelands are extremely important variables that affect productivity, but are difficult to quantify. Studies have been conducted to assess erosion oil rangelands, but very little has been done to determine if microchannels (rills) affect runoff and sediment yield. Rainfall simulations were used to quantify the effects of microchannels on runoff and sediment loss on a shortgrass prairie with two types of range conditions (good and fair). Natural flow paths within plots in the two range conditions were defined and then enhanced with an ellipse-shaped hoe to create microchannels. Soil from plots was removed at two rates (11.2t.ha(-1) and 22.4t.ha(-1)) to create three soil surface configurations. Soil was removed by vacuuming to create either a single microchannel or multiple microchannels down the plot, and the third treatment was uniform soil removal over the entire plot (sheet). Results showed significantly greater total runoff from both single and multiple microchannel treatments compared with sheet soil removal. The microchannels resulted in significantly less sediment yield per unit of runoff compared with the sheet soil removal treatment. Both runoff and sediment yield were affected by range condition. Plots that were in fair range condition, dominated by buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides [Nutt.] Engleman), had a greater amount of total runoff (double) but less sediment yield (75%) than plots in good range condition that were dominated by blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [H.B.K.] Lag. ex Stued.). The dense buffalo grass sod protected the soil surface from erosion, but water flowed freely across the sod. This study has provided a greater understanding of how microchannels affect runoff and sediment yield under different rangeland conditions, and has illustrated how plant species composition and soil surface features relate to several hydrologic functions. C1 [Koler, Selina A.; Trlica, M. J.] Colorado State Univ, Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Frasier, G. W.; Reeder, J. D.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Koler, SA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 61 IS 5 BP 521 EP 528 DI 10.2111/07-050.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 351FH UT WOS:000259409400006 ER PT J AU Oberholtzer, L Dimitri, C Greene, C AF Oberholtzer, Lydia Dimitri, Carolyn Greene, Catherine TI Adding value in the organic sector: Characteristics of organic producer-handlers SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE organic; handlers; producers; marketing; procurement; logistic regression AB Sales of organic food have soared over the past decade. Although nearly all organic commodities pass through the hands of at least one intermediary on the way from the farmer to the consumer. there is a dearth of literature examining organic food marketing. especially for the middle section of the supply chain. This paper uses new survey data on organic intermediaries (organic handlers) to characterize firms that are certified to both handle and produce organic foods, or organic producer-handlers. Because of their direct link to the production level, the producer-handler has the potential to provide insight into value-added activities in the organic sector. A logistic regression is estimated in order to identify characteristics that make it more likely that a firm would be both a certified organic handler and a certified organic producer, while Survey results are also used to describe some of the main challenges these producer-handlers face in handling their products. Organic producer-handlers ranked problems with ingredient procurement and supply and international trade issues as the highest barriers to growth. The model indicated that with few exceptions. many of the operational and procurement characteristics of organic producer-handlers are comparable to the entire organic handling population. However, those facilities dedicated solely to organic handling and those certified longer are more likely to be organic producer-handlers. Use of direct markets by organic handlers has the most robust relationship in the model, although marketing to natural products independent retailers and wholesalers are also important. C1 [Oberholtzer, Lydia] Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dimitri, Carolyn; Greene, Catherine] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Oberholtzer, L (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM loberholtzer@ers.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 IS 3 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1017/S1742170507002177 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 340QB UT WOS:000258659000003 ER PT J AU Lin, BH Smith, TA Huang, CL AF Lin, Biing-Hwan Smith, Travis A. Huang, Chung L. TI Organic premiums of US fresh produce SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE fresh fruits and vegetables; hedonic price; organic produce; organic premium; product attributes; Nielsen Homescan ID CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS; PRICES; FOOD; MARKETS; CHOICE; DEMAND AB The study uses the 2005 Nielsen Homescan panel data to estimate price premiums and discounts associated with product attributes, market factors, and consumer characteristics, focusing on the organic attribute for five major fresh fruits and five major fresh vegetables in the United States. The results suggest that the organic attribute commands a significant price premium, which varies greatly from 13 cents per pound for bananas to 86 cents per pound for strawberries among fresh fruits and from 13 cents per pound for onions to 50 cents per pound for peppers among fresh vegetables. In terms of percentages, the estimated organic price premiums vary from 20% above prices paid for conventional grapes to 42% for strawberries among fresh fruits and from 15% above prices paid for conventional carrots and tomatoes to 60% for potatoes. Furthermore, prices paid for fresh produce are found to vary by other product attributes, market factors, and household characteristics. C1 [Smith, Travis A.; Huang, Chung L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lin, Biing-Hwan] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Huang, CL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM chuang@uga.edu FU USDA-ERS Cooperative Agreement [43-3AEM-5-80043] FX Research for this study was Supported by USDA-ERS Cooperative Agreement No. 43-3AEM-5-80043. The views expressed in this study are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect those of the USDA. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 23 IS 3 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1017/S1742170508002238 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 340QB UT WOS:000258659000004 ER PT J AU Boerner, REJ Coates, AT Yaussy, DA Waldrop, TA AF Boerner, Ralph E. J. Coates, Adam T. Yaussy, Daniel A. Waldrop, Thomas A. TI Assessing ecosystem restoration alternatives in eastern deciduous forests: The view from belowground SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE deciduous forests; fire; microbial activity; restoration alternatives; soil organic carbon ID SOIL ENZYME-ACTIVITY; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; ACID-PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; OAK-HICKORY FOREST; HARDWOOD FOREST; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; FIRE; PHOSPHORUS; SATURATION; LANDSCAPE AB Both structural and functional approaches to restoration of eastern deciduous forests are becoming more common as recognition of the altered state of these ecosystems grows. In our study, structural restoration involves mechanically modifying the woody plant assemblage to a species composition, density, and community structure specified by the restoration goals. Functional restoration involves reintroducing dormant-season, low-severity fire at intervals consistent with the historical condition. Our approach was to quantify the effects of such restoration treatments on soil organic carbon and soil microbial activity, as these are both conservative ecosystem attributes and not ones explicitly targeted by the restoration treatments, themselves. Fire, mechanical thinning, and their combination all initially resulted in reduced soil organic C content, C:N ratio, and overall microbial activity (measured as acid phosphatase activity) in a study site in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina, but only the effect on microbial activity persisted into the fourth post-treatment growing season. In contrast, in a similar forest in the central Appalachian Plateau of Ohio, mechanical thinning resulted in increased soil organic C, decreased C:N ratio, and decreased microbial activity, whereas fire and the combination of fire and thinning did not have such effects. In addition, the effects in Ohio had dissipated prior to the fourth post-treatment growing season. Mechanical treatments are attractive in that they require only single entries; however, we see no indication that mechanical-structural restoration actually produced desired belowground changes. A single fire-based/functional treatment also offered little restoration progress, but comparisons with long-term experimental fire studies suggest that repeated entries with prescribed fire at intervals of 3-8 years offer potential for sustainable restoration. C1 [Boerner, Ralph E. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Coates, Adam T.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yaussy, Daniel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Waldrop, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Boerner, REJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM boerner.1@osu.edu OI Yaussy, Daniel/0000-0003-1127-7809 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program FX This is publication number 116 of the Fire and Fire Surrogate study funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program. We thank J. Brinkman, G. Chapman, A. Coates, B. Dress, C. Flint, J. Huang, D. Lione, G. Marsh, H. Mohr, R. Philips, A. Shenoy, A. Smith, M. Smith, R. Thiet, and B. Welch for their field assistance, and J. Brinkman and C. Babb for their laboratory assistance. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 19 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 16 IS 3 BP 425 EP 434 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00312.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 346SH UT WOS:000259089000009 ER PT J AU Ostertag, R Giardina, CP Cordell, S AF Ostertag, Rebecca Giardina, Christian P. Cordell, Susan TI Understory colonization of Eucalyptus plantations in Hawaii in relation to light and nutrient levels SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; Hawaii; regeneration; secondary succession; tropical forest ID COSTA-RICA; FOREST RESTORATION; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; WOODY REGENERATION; CARBON ALLOCATION; TREE PLANTATIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; NITROGEN; INVASION AB Exotic tree plantations may serve as catalysts for native forest regeneration in agriculturally degraded landscapes. In 2001, we evaluated plant species regeneration in the understory of a 7-year-old experimental Eucalyptus saligna forest in Hawaii approximately 1 year after the cessation of 5 years of herbicide. These forests were organized in a 2 x 2-factorial design of planting density (1 x 1- or 3 x 3-m spacing) and fertilization (unfertilized control and regular fertilization), which resulted in varying resource availabilities. We found that understory biomass was highest under high light conditions, regardless of fertilization treatment, whereas species richness was lowest under fertilized 1 x 1-m plots. The understory was dominated by species exotic to Hawaii. The most common tree species, the noxious weed Citharexylum caudatum, was particularly successful because high light-saturated photosynthesis rates and a low light compensation point allowed for high growth and survival under both light conditions. To assess longer-term recruitment patterns, we resurveyed a portion of this site in 2006 and also surveyed five Eucalyptus plantations in this region of Hawaii that differed in age (5-23 years), species (E. saligna, E. grandis, E. cloeziana, E. microcorys), and management (experimental, industrial, nonindustrial stewardship); all were established on previous agricultural sites within approximately 3 km of native-dominated forest. Again, very few native species were present in any of the stands, indicating that within certain landscapes and for native species with certain life history traits, exotic plantations may he ineffective nursery ecosystems for the regeneration of native species. C1 [Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.; Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Ostertag, R (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM ostertag@hitwaii.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011; Ostertag, Rebecca/B-1756-2013 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073; FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EPS 40237065]; University of Hawaii at Hilo; Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry of Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service FX We thank C. Cole for help in the field, and D. Binkley, M. Ryan, J. Beets, and R. Sherriff for comments on an earlier manuscript. R. Schneider kindly ran the nutrient samples at the University of Hawaii at Hilo analytical laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Award EPS #40237065, investing in Multidisciplinary University Activities through Hawaii EPSCoR: J. Gaines, principal investigator; and D. Price and K. Kaneshiro, coinvestigators. We also thank the University of Hawaii at Hilo and the Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry of Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, for logistical and funding support. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 22 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 16 IS 3 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00321.x PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 346SH UT WOS:000259089000014 ER PT J AU Northcott, J Andersen, MC Roemer, GW Fredrickson, EL DeMers, M Truett, J Ford, PL AF Northcott, Jason Andersen, Mark C. Roemer, Gary W. Fredrickson, Ed L. DeMers, Michael Truett, Joe Ford, Paulette L. TI Spatial analysis of effects of mowing and burning on colony expansion in reintroduced black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE black-tailed prairie dogs; Cynomys ludovicianus; directional analysis; fire; grasslands; reintroductions ID ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; HETEROGENEITY; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; ATTITUDES; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; COMMON; SOIL AB Factors governing the rate and direction of prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) colony expansion remain poorly understood. However, increased knowledge and ability to control these factors may lead to more effective reintroductions of prairie dogs and restoration of grassland habitats. We present density and directional analyses of the establishment of new burrows on three reintroduced colonies of Black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) in southern New Mexico; the study colonies had been subjected to mow and burn treatments in the second year of the study. Our hypotheses were that prairie dogs will preferentially dig new burrows in the treatment plots versus control plots and that the colonies will expand in the direction of the treatment plots. The results support these hypotheses; analysis of burrow counts by site and treatment shows that prairie dogs preferentially colonized both mow and burn treatments compared to untreated areas at the periphery of the colonies. Directional analysis showed a significant posttreatment orientation of new burrows toward the treatment plots for all colonies. Our results show that the direction of expansion of prairie dog colonies can be manipulated. Effective control of the expansion of prairie dog colonies may lead to more successful reintroductions. C1 [Andersen, Mark C.; Roemer, Gary W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Northcott, Jason] Nat Trust British Columbia, N Vancouver, BC V74 3R4, Canada. [Fredrickson, Ed L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [DeMers, Michael] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geog, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Truett, Joe] Turner Endangered Species Fund, Glenwood, NM 88039 USA. [Ford, Paulette L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Andersen, MC (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM manderse@nmsu.edu NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 16 IS 3 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00323.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 346SH UT WOS:000259089000016 ER PT J AU Ploeg, MV Citro, CF AF Ploeg, Michele Ver Citro, Constance F. TI Poverty measurement: Orshansky's original measures and the development of alternatives SO REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Allied-Social-Science-Association CY JAN 04-06, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Allied Social Sci Assoc C1 [Ploeg, Michele Ver] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Ploeg, MV (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-7195 J9 REV AGR ECON JI Rev. Agric. Econ. PD FAL PY 2008 VL 30 IS 3 BP 581 EP 590 DI 10.1111/j.1467-9353.2008.00432.x PG 10 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Business; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 345DS UT WOS:000258976900022 ER PT J AU Mishra, AK El-Osta, HS AF Mishra, Ashok K. El-Osta, Hisham S. TI Effect of agricultural policy on succession decisions of farm households SO REVIEW OF ECONOMICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD LA English DT Article DE Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Agricultural policy; Off-farm labor participation; Farm growth; Intergenerational succession; Conditional logit model AB Policymakers, economists, and researchers have recently been interested in assessing the impact of farm program payments on the growth and survival of farm businesses. Planning for succession is an integral part of managing a farm business. This study uses farm-level data to investigate the impact of government farm policy and farm growth on both succession decisions and the likelihood of intra-family transfers of the farm business. Results indicate that succession decisions are significantly influenced by government farm policy, farm wealth, age, and educational attainment of current farm operators. Results show that off-farm work by operators and spouses and regional location are positively correlated with non-family farm succession decisions. On the other hand, farm ownership, educational attainment, and marital status of the operator increase the likelihood of family-based succession decisions. However, in the presence of retirement income from other sources such as pension, parents are less likely to have a family successor. C1 [Mishra, Ashok K.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [El-Osta, Hisham S.] Econ Res Serv, Resource Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Mishra, AK (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, 226 Ag Admin Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM amishra@lsu.edu OI Mishra, Ashok/0000-0002-0988-1428 NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1569-5239 J9 REV ECON HOUSEHOLD JI Rev. Econ. Househ. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3 BP 285 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s11150-008-9032-7 PG 23 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA V13UI UT WOS:000207691300005 ER PT J AU Brown-Guedira, G AF Brown-Guedira, Gina TI Wheat woes SO SCIENTIST LA English DT News Item C1 [Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Brown-Guedira, G (reprint author), USDA, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3535 MARKET ST, SUITE 200, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-3385 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 9 BP 60 EP 60 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 341JK UT WOS:000258710200029 ER PT J AU Brown, JW Nishida, K AF Brown, J. W. Nishida, K. TI A new species of Acleris Hubner, [1825] from high elevations of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Tortricini) SO SHILAP-REVISTA DE LEPIDOPTEROLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Tortricidae; Tortricini; Acleris; new species; Costa Rica AB Acleris nishidai Brown, sp. n., is described and illustrated from the central cordillera of Costa. Rica. The new species is assigned to Acleris Hubner, [1825] on the basis of the similarity of the male genitalia with other described species of the genus. The female genitalia are relatively modified and lack the pronounced lateral lobes of the sterigma characteristic of most Acleris. The new species has been reared from native and cultivated Rubus spp. (Rosaceae) at 3000 m elevation. C1 [Brown, J. W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Plant Sci Inst,USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nishida, K.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Sistema Estudios Posgrado Biol, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Plant Sci Inst,USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. FU NSF FX Ronald Vega, Museo de Insectos, Universidad de Costa Rica, provided KN with larvae of the new species, the use of a room for rearing, and comments on the damage and economic importance of the species in Costa Rica. Marie Metz, USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, captured images of the adults and arranged the figures of the adults and genitalia; David Adamski, USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, prepared the illustration of the male genitalia; Diana Marquez prepared the illustration of the female genitalia. Illustrations of the early stages were prepared by KN. Funds for travel and field work in Costa Rica for JB were provided by the NSF-funded Arthropods of La Selva project through co-P. I. Jack Longino, Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington. The following provided helpful reviews of the manuscript: Jozef Razowski, Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Systematic Zoology, Krakow, Poland; Norman Woodley and Thomas Henry, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC HISPANO-LUSO-AMER LEPIDOPTEROLOGIA-SHILAP PI MADRID PA APARTADO DE CORREOS, 331, MADRID, 28080, SPAIN SN 0300-5267 J9 SHILAP-REV. LEPIDOPT JI Shilap-Revista Lepidopterol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 36 IS 143 BP 341 EP 348 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 366KN UT WOS:000260479800005 ER PT J AU Lamorski, K Pachepsky, Y Slawihski, C Walczak, RT AF Lamorski, K. Pachepsky, Y. Slawihski, C. Walczak, R. T. TI Using Support Vector Machines to develop pedotransfer functions for water retention of soils in Poland SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; LOCAL MINIMA; PREDICTIONS; PARAMETERS; ACCURACY; SCALE AB Pedotransfer functions (PTFs), which estimate soil hydraulic parameters from easy, to measure soil properties, are an important data Source for hydrologic modeling. Recently artificial neural networks (ANNs) have become the tool of choice in PTF development. Recent developments in machine learning methods include the growing research and application of the alternative data-driven method called Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Support Vector Machines have gained Popularity in many traditionally ANN dominated fields. Using the SVM eliminates the local minimum issue-the minimum found is always the global one. The objective of this work was to see whethers using the SVM to develop PTFs may have some advantages compared with the ANN. We have used the Sod Profiles Bank of Polish Mineral Soils that includes hydraulic properties for 806 soil samples taken from 290 soil profiles. This database was repeatedly randomly split into training and testing data sets, and both SVMs and ANNs were trained and tested for each split with bulk density, sand and clay as input variables, and water contents at 11 soil water potentials as the output variables. The PTF performance was evaluated by using die rest datasets to compute the coefficient of determination, the root-mean-squared error, and the slope and the intercept of the linear regression "predicted vs. measured water contents." The three-parameter SVMs performed mostly better than or with the same accuracy as the eleven-parameter ANNs. The advantage of SVM was more pronounced at soil matric potentials where larger relative errors have been encountered and the correlation between predicted and measured soil water contents was lower. It is worthwhile to consider SVM as a tool to develop PTF. C1 [Pachepsky, Y.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lamorski, K.; Slawihski, C.; Walczak, R. T.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Agrophys, PL-20236 Lublin, Poland. RP Pachepsky, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, 173 Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yakov.Pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1243 EP 1247 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0280N PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800007 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Ohno, T Wu, FC Olk, DC Honeycutt, CW Olanya, M AF He, Zhongqi Ohno, Tsutomu Wu, Fengchang Olk, Daniel C. Honeycutt, C. Wayne Olanya, Modesto TI Capillary electrophoresis and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy for characterization of humic substances SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; ACIDS; DECOMPOSITION; SEPARATION; SORPTION; SPECTRA AB Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and fluorescence spectroscopy have been used in natural organic matter (NOM) Studies. In this study, we characterized five fulvic acids (FAs), six humic acids (HAs), and two unprocessed NOM samples obtained from the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) using these two analytical methods. The electropherograms of all samples revealed three peak features. The first and third peaks were sharp. The second peak had a broad, hump-shaped feature. The pattern and shapes of these peaks were different among the FA, HA, and unprocessed NOM samples. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopic analysis revealed that each of the 13 investigated samples contained four components. However, the relative amounts of the four components varied with sample origin. Autoclaving these samples for 1 h (hear decomposition) produced additional CE peaks and changed portions of the four fluorophore components, indicating that both methods call be used to investigate the dynamics of NOM decomposition. Although four fluorophore components were present in each of the three CE fractions, their relative abundances varied among the three CE fractions. Specifically, Fraction 1 and 2 were rich in Component 1 and 4, but sparse in Component 2, compared with their original samples. Fraction 2 also contained less Component 3. The distribution Of [he four components in Fraction 3 was similar to that of the original samples. The mutual relevance of data collected from each of the two methods provided novel insight into the correlation of complex NOM fluorescence spectra to specific NOM fractions. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Honeycutt, C. Wayne; Olanya, Modesto] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Ohno, Tsutomu] Univ Maine, Dep Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Wu, Fengchang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Olk, Daniel C.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1248 EP 1255 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0305 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800008 ER PT J AU Wielopolski, L Hendrey, G Johnsen, KH Mitra, S Prior, SA Rogers, HH Torbert, HA AF Wielopolski, Lucian Hendrey, George Johnsen, Kurt H. Mitra, Sudeep Prior, Stephen A. Rogers, Hugo H. Torbert, H. Allen TI Nondestructive system for analyzing carbon in the soil SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; CLIMATE; FOREST; VARIABILITY; LIBS AB Carbon is an essential component of life and, in its organic form, plays a pivotal role in the soil's fertility, productivity, and water retention. It is an integral part of the atmospheric-terrestrial C exchange cycle mediated via photosynthesis; furthermore, it emerged recently as a new trading commodity, i.e., "carbon credits." When carefully manipulated, C sequestration by the soil could balance and mitigate anthropogenic CO(2) emissions into the atmosphere char are believed to contribute global warming. The pressing need for assessing the soil's C stocks at local, regional, and global scales, now in the forefront of much research, is considerably hindered by the problems besetting dry-combustion chemical analyses, even with state-of-the-art procedures. To overcome these issues, we developed a new method based on gamma-ray spectroscopy induced by inelastic neutron scattering (INS). The INS method is all in situ, nondestructive, multielemental technique that can be used in stationary or continous-scanning modes of operation. The results from data acquired from all investigated soil mass of a few hundred kilograms to all approximate depth of 30 cm are reported immediately Our initial experiments have demonstrated the feasibility Of Our proposed approach; we obtained a linear response with C concentration and a detection limit between 0.5 and 1% C by weight. C1 [Wielopolski, Lucian; Mitra, Sudeep] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Sci Dep, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hendrey, George] Queens Coll, Sch Earth & Environ Sci, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. [Johnsen, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Prior, Stephen A.; Rogers, Hugo H.; Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Wielopolski, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Sci Dep, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lwielo@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Special thanks to Dr. M. Herman for his helpful discussions Of the nuclear data for silicone. The partial Support by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886 is recognized. NR 37 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1269 EP 1277 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0177 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800011 ER PT J AU Davis, JH Griffith, SM Horwath, WR Steiner, JJ Myrold, DD AF Davis, Jennifer H. Griffith, Stephen M. Horwath, William R. Steiner, Jeffrey J. Myrold, David D. TI Denitrification and nitrate consumption in an herbaceous riparian area and perennial ryegrass seed cropping system SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GROUNDWATER NITRATE; WESTERN OREGON; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; SUBSURFACE SOILS; GRASSLAND SOIL; BUFFER STRIPS; FLOW PATHS; NITROGEN AB Riparian ecosystems have the capacity to lower NO3- concentrations in groundwater entering from nonpoint agricultural Sources. The processes responsible for decreases in riparian groundwater NO3- concentrations in the Willamette Valley of Oregon are not well understood. Our objective was to determine if denitrification and/or dissimilatory NO3- reduction to NH4+ (DNRA) could explain decreases in groundwater NO3- moving from a perennial ryegrass cropping system into a mixed-herbaceous riparian area. In situ denitrification rates (DN) were not different: between the riparian area (near-stream or near-cropping system) and cropping system the first year. In the second year, during the transition to a clover planting, DN was highest just inside of the riparian/cropping system border. Median denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) rates ranged from 29.5 to 44.6 mg N2O-N kg(-1) d(-1) for surface soils (0-15 cm) and 0.7 to 1.7 mu g N2O-N kg(-1) d(-1) in the subsoil (135-150 cm). Denitrification enzyme activity rates were not different among the zones and were most often correlated to soil moisture and NH4+ Nitrate additions to Surface soils increased DEA rates, indicating a potential to denitrify additional NO3-. Based on groundwater velocity estimates, NO3- (3.8 mg NO3--N L-1) entering the riparian surface soil could have been consumed in 0.2 to 7 m by denitrification and 0.03 to 1.0 m by DNRA. Denitrification rates measured ill the subsoil could not explain the spatial decrease in NO3-. However, with the potentially, slow movement of water in the Subsoil, denitrification and DNRA (0 to 264 mu g N kg(-1) d(-1)) together Could have completely consumed NO3- within 0.5 m of entering the riparian zone. C1 [Davis, Jennifer H.; Griffith, Stephen M.] USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Horwath, William R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Steiner, Jeffrey J.] USDA ARS, Natl Program Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Myrold, David D.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Davis, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jennifer.davis@ars.usda.gov RI Myrold, David/E-1813-2011 OI Myrold, David/0000-0001-6418-226X NR 82 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 26 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1299 EP 1310 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0279 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800015 ER PT J AU Reiter, MS Reeves, DW Burmester, CH Torbert, HA AF Reiter, M. S. Reeves, D. W. Burmester, C. H. Torbert, H. A. TI Cotton nitrogen management in a high-residue conservation system: Cover crop fertilization SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TILLAGE SYSTEMS; SOIL; YIELD; CORN; REQUIREMENTS; QUALITY; RELEASE; MATTER AB Nitrogen is required for adequate residue production From cereal cover crops used in no-till Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production, but residues can immobilize N needed by cotton. We conducted a 3-yr field Study on a Decatur silt loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult) in northern Alabama to test N fertilizer practices for cotton grown with a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop and conservation tillage. Nitrogen rates applied to the rye cover crop were 0, 34, and 67 kg N ha(-1) and cotton N rates were 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha(-1). Additionally, N-15 microplots were established in cover crop N treatments of 34 kg N ha(-1) and in cotton treatments of 90 kg N ha(-1). Data collected included cover crop aerial biomass, cover crop C/N ratios, cotton leaf N at first flower, lint yield, lint quality and N-15 in plant and soil samples. Cotton grown in unfertilized rye treatments needed 57 to 60% (38-40 kg N ha(-1)) more N to maximize yields above median conventional tillage N recommendations (67 kg N ha(-1)). Cover crop N rates of 67 kg N ha(-1) maximized cover crop biomass production for soil protection and soil organic matter aggradation. If the cover crop was fertilized, minimum Cotton N applications of 70 and 76 kg N ha(-1) were needed for economic optimum and maximum lint yield, respectively We speculate that cotton N rates may, be decreased in the future as new N and C pool equilibria are reached. C1 [Reiter, M. S.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Reeves, D. W.] USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conserv Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Burmester, C. H.] Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dep, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Torbert, H. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Reiter, MS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, 33446 Res Dr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. EM mreiter@vt.edu FU Alabama Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated FX This research was supported in part by funding from the Alabama Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated. We wish to thank Mr. Jeffrey A. Walker for his assistance in data collection and managing this experiment. We also wish to thank the staff of the Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center in Belle Mina, AL, of the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, for their help in managing and maintaining this experiment. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1321 EP 1329 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0313 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800017 ER PT J AU Reiter, MS Reeves, DW Burmester, CH AF Reiter, M. S. Reeves, D. W. Burmester, C. H. TI Cotton nitrogen management in a high-residue conservation system: Source, rate, method, and timing SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STARTER FERTILIZER COMBINATIONS; NO-TILLAGE CORN; COVER CROPS; PLACEMENT; QUALITY; YIELD; SOIL AB More than 70% of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown in the Tennessee Valley of northern Alabama is produced using conservation tillage systems with cereal cover crops. The resulting decreased N efficiency requires development of new N fertilizer recommendations. We conducted a replicated 3-yr field Study on a Decatur silt loam (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult) to determine the effects of N source (NHNO3 [AN] and urea-NH4NO3 [320 g N kg(-1), UAN]), N races (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg N ha(-1)), N application timing (all at-planting or 50:50 split between planting and first match head square), and N application method (banded or broadcast) on cotton grown in high-residue rye (Secale cereale L.) conservation systems. Generally, 67 to 80% more N was needed than average conventional N rate recommendations to reach optimal yields if N was split applied, while N applied. at-planting had yield responses with 169% of the recommended N rate. Urea-NH4NO3 applications resulted in greater yields when banded at-planting (1045 kg lint ha(-1)), while AN was more effective when broadcast applied at-planting or in split applications (1002 and 996 kg lint ha(-1), respectively). Chlorophyll meter readings, petiole NO3' and leaf N were not useful predictors of cotton N deficiency or yield. The most efficient practice is to apply 88% more N (126 kg N ha(-1) total) than the mean conventional N cotton recommendation as, a broadcast split application using AN. We speculate that N requirements may be decreased with time as C and N pools reach a new equilibrium. C1 [Reiter, M. S.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Reeves, D. W.] USDA ARS, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conserv Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Burmester, C. H.] Auburn Univ, Agron & Soils Dep, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Reiter, MS (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Ext Ctr, 33446 Res Dr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. EM mreiter@vt.edu FU Alabama Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated FX This research was supported in part by funding from the Alabama Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated. We wish to thank Mr. Jeffrey A. Walker for his assistance in data collection and managing this experiment. We also wish to thank the staff of the Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center in Belle Mina, AL, of the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, for their help in managing and maintaining this experiment. Finally, thanks are given to Dr. Edward Gbur of the University of Arkansas for statistical guidance. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1330 EP 1336 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0314 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800018 ER PT J AU Benjamin, JG Mikha, MA Vigil, MR AF Benjamin, Joseph G. Mikha, Maysoon A. Vigil, Merle R. TI Organic carbon effects on soil physical and hydraulic properties in a semiarid climate SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CROPPING SYSTEM INFLUENCES; GREAT-PLAINS; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; MATTER; MANAGEMENT; ROTATIONS; GRASSLAND; NITROGEN; TILLAGE; GROWTH AB Increasing cropping intensity in the central Great Plains of the United States has the potential to increase organic carbon (OC) stored in the soil and lead to improved soil physical properties. A Cropping Systems Study was started in 1990 at the Central Great Plains Research Station near Akron, CO. In 2005 soil samples were taken in six 95-mm increments to a depth of 370 mm to measure OC, water stable macroaggregates (water stable aggregates > 250 mu m), bulk density (rho(b)), total porosity (phi(total)), water storage porosity (phi(ws)), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (k(sat)). Samples we re collected from permanent grass plots {45% smooth brome [Bromus inermis (Leyss.)], 40% pubescent wheat grass [Agropyrons trichophorum (Link) Richt.], and 15% alfalfa [Medicago sativa (L)]}, plots in a wheat {[Triticum aestivum (L)]-corn [Zea mays (L.)]-millet [Panicum miliaceum (L)]} rotation, and pious in a wheat-fallow rotation. Increased cropping intensity, significantly increased OC, water stable macroaggregates, and k(sat), but had no significant effect on rho(b,) phi(total), or phi(ws). Permanent grass increased OC compared with the annually cropped rotations, particularly deeper in the soil. Plots in permanent grass had greater k(sat) and this may indicate greater pore continuity, and stability under saturated conditions. Organic carbon and water stable macroaggregates were poorly correlated. Water stable macroaggregates was negatively correlated with rho(b), and positively correlated with k(sat). Increasing soil OC may not immediately lead to changes in soil aggregation in a semiarid climate. Increased time and biological activity may be needed to convert the crop residues into organic compounds that stabilize aggregates and soil pore systems. C1 [Benjamin, Joseph G.; Mikha, Maysoon A.; Vigil, Merle R.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Benjamin, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM Joseph.Benjamin@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 19 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1357 EP 1362 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0389 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800021 ER PT J AU Venterea, RT Baker, JM AF Venterea, Rodney T. Baker, John M. TI Effects of soil physical nonuniformity on chamber-based gas flux estimates SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BULK-DENSITY; NUMERICAL EVALUATION; TEMPERATE FOREST; CLOSED-CHAMBER; CO2 EFFLUX; ATMOSPHERE; RESPIRATION; EXCHANGE; TILLAGE; MODELS AB Chamber methods for measuring trace gas fluxes are prone to errors resulting in large part from the alteration of near-surface concentration gradients. There is little information available, however, for quantifying these errors or determining how they vary with soil physical properties, chamber deployment methods, and flux calculation schemes. This study used numerical modeling to examine how these factors influence flux estimate errors in physically uniform and nonuniform soil profiles. Errors varied widely among profiles and flux calculation techniques. Soil profiles having identical predeployment fluxes but differing in water content and bulk density generated substantially different flux chamber data. A theoretical flux model that assumes physical uniformity performed relatively well in nonuniform soils but still generated substantial errors. For all flux models, errors were minimized with larger effective chamber heights (h) and shorter deployment times (DT). In light of these findings, recent studies that recommend minimizing h and extending DT to enhance nonlinearity of chamber data need to be reevaluated. It was also determined chat random measurement error can result in skewed flux-estimate errors. Selection of chamber and flux calculation methods should consider the physical characteristics of the soil profile as well as measurement error. The techniques presented here can be used to develop soil- and method-specific error estimates. C1 [Venterea, Rodney T.; Baker, John M.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Management Unit, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rod.venterea@ars.usda.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was assisted by discussions with Feike Dijkstra and Kurt Spokas, and was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project. NR 33 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1410 EP 1417 DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0019 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800028 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Honeycutt, CW Cade-Menun, BJ Senwo, ZN Tazisong, IA AF He, Zhongqi Honeycutt, C. Wayne Cade-Menun, Barbara J. Senwo, Zachary N. Tazisong, Irenus A. TI Phosphorus in poultry litter and soil: Enzymatic and nuclear magnetic resonance characterization SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; SWINE MANURE; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTS; ANIMAL MANURES; DAIRY MANURE; HYDROLYSIS; FRACTIONATION; SPECTROSCOPY; FORMS AB Knowledge of the P forms in poultry litter (PL) and their transformations in soil will help improve our understanding of the long-term role of P in eutrophication. In this study, samples of PL and pasture soils with and without 20 yr of PL application were sequentially extracted to separate P into H2O, 0.5 mol L-1 NaHCO3, 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH, and 1 mol L-1 HCI fractions. After appropriate dilution and pH adjustment, the fractions were incubated in the presence of orthophosphate-releasing enzymes. Cross-examination of the solution P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the enzymatically treated and untreated fractions revealed that the peaks of organic P (P-o) species of the enzymatically treated fractions became very weak or disappeared, confirming enzymatic hydrolysis of P-o in the untreated fractions. Although the majority of P in the NaOH and HCI fractions of PL was in organic forms, these stable P-o forms could be subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis after being applied to soil, an Occurrence that was Supported by the soil P data. Compared with soil without litter applied, 20 yr of PL application increased the pools of both labile and stable inorganic P in the soil; however, repeated application of PL did not lead to a significant accumulation of hydrolyzable P-o in NaOH and HCl fractions, indicating that the stable P-o must have been converted to other forms. The transformation of stable PL P-o observed in this study could be an important mechanism for maintaining a balance between labile and immobile P in soils. C1 [He, Zhongqi; Honeycutt, C. Wayne] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Cade-Menun, Barbara J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Senwo, Zachary N.; Tazisong, Irenus A.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013; Cade-Menun, Barbara/0000-0003-4391-3718 NR 45 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 29 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1425 EP 1433 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0407 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800031 ER PT J AU Liang, Y Gollany, HT Rickman, RW Albrecht, SL Follett, RF Wilhelm, WW Novak, JM Douglas, CL AF Liang, Y. Gollany, H. T. Rickman, R. W. Albrecht, S. L. Follett, R. F. Wilhelm, W. W. Novak, J. M. Douglas, C. L., Jr. TI CQESTR simulation of management practice effects on long-term soil organic carbon SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CORN RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; NO-TILL CORN; CROP-ROTATION; GRAIN-YIELD; MATTER; NITROGEN; SEQUESTRATION; REMOVAL; IMPACTS; ROOT AB Management of soil organic matter (SOM) is important for soil productivity and responsible utilization of crop residues for additional uses. CQESTR, pronounced "sequester," a contraction of "C sequestration" (meaning C storage), is a C balance model that relates organic residue additions, crop management, and soil tillage to SOM accretion or loss. Our objective was to simulate SOM changes in agricultural Soils under a range of climate and management systems using the CQESTR model. Four long-term experiments (Champaign, IL, > 100 yr; Columbia, MO, > 100 yr; Lincoln, NE, 20 yr; Sidney, NE, 20 yr) in die United States under various crop rotations, tillage practices, organic amendments, and crop residue removal treatments were selected for their documented history of the long-term effects of management practice on SOM dynamics. CQESTR successfully simulated a Substantial decline in SOM with 50 yr of crop residue removal under various rotations at Columbia and Champaign. The increase in SOM following addition of manure was simulated well; however, the model underestimated SOM for a fertilized treatment at Columbia. predicted and observed values from the four sites were significantly related (r(2) = 0.94, n = 113, P < 0.001), with slope not significantly different from 1. Given the high correlation of simulated and observed SOM changes, CQESTR. can be used as a reliable tool to predict SOM changes from management practices and offers the potential for estimating soil C storage required for C credits. It can also be an important tool to estimate the impacts of crop residue removal for bioenergy production on SOM level and soil production capacity. C1 [Gollany, H. T.; Rickman, R. W.; Albrecht, S. L.; Douglas, C. L., Jr.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Liang, Y.] Univ Arkansas, Cooperat Extens Serv, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Follett, R. F.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wilhelm, W. W.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Novak, J. M.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Gollany, HT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM hero.gollany@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Drs. Charlie Walthall and Michael Jawson for their Support of the modeling effort. This publication is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet and REAP projects. NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1486 EP 1492 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0154 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 351IL UT WOS:000259417800038 ER PT J AU McCool, DK Pannkuk, CD Kennedy, AC Fletcher, PS AF McCool, D. K. Pannkuk, C. D. Kennedy, A. C. Fletcher, P. S. TI Effects of burn/low-till on erosion and soil quality SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Burning; Erosion; Residue; Removal; No-till; Winter wheat ID ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CROP PRODUCTION; CARBON; NITROGEN; YIELDS; STRAW; SIZE AB Burn/low-till management of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) is being practiced by some growers in the higher rainfall areas of the Pacific Northwestern Winter Wheat Region of the US. Residue burning eliminates the numerous seedbed tillage operations that are normally required to reduce residues and control weeds and diseases in continuous winter wheat production. The detrimental effects of burn and till systems on soil erosion are well documented. However, there is little or no data on the effects of burning with no-till or low-till annual cropping on either erosion or soil quality. A 3-year field study comparing winter season erosion resulting from burn/low-till (BLT) seeded winter wheat following winter wheat and conventionally managed (CM) winter wheat following various crops was completed in 1997. Results indicate soil loss from the BLT fields was not significantly different from that of the CM fields with various crops preceding winter wheat. For the BLT fields, soil loss was as closely related to soil disturbance (number of tillage operations) as to the amount of surface residue. When residue and crop cover did not differ with the number of tillage operations, an increased number of tillage operations after burning loosened the soil and resulted in greater soil loss. No adverse effects on soil loss or soil quality from using the BLT with one or two-pass seeding of winter wheat following winter wheat were found in this study. The results have implications for harvesting wheat stubble as a source of biomass, or as an alternative technique for initiating conversion from a conventional tillage to a no-till seeding system, without high initial investment in new seeding equipment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McCool, D. K.; Kennedy, A. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Fletcher, P. S.] USFS, Beaverhead Deerlodge Natl Forest, Butte, MT 59701 USA. RP McCool, DK (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 253 LJ Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dkmccool@wsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Natural Resources Conservation Service FX The United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service supported this research in cooperation with Washington State University Cooperative Extension and wheat producers in Whitman, Walla Walla, and Columbia counties. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 2 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.007 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357ZJ UT WOS:000259885600001 ER PT J AU Rahman, MH Okubo, A Sugiyama, S Mayland, HF AF Rahman, M. Hasinur Okubo, A. Sugiyama, S. Mayland, H. F. TI Physical, chemical and microbiological properties of an Andisol as related to land use and tillage practice SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Andisol; Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA); Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; (DGGE) of PCR-amplified genes ID SOIL HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CLAY LOAM SOIL; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; NO-TILLAGE; CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE; STUBBLE RETENTION; AIR PERMEABILITY AB The effects of land use and management practice on soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties may provide essential information for assessing sustainability and environmental impact. This study compared the effects of 41 years of no-tillage (NT) with continuous apple orchard, with those of conventional tillage (CT) with wheat-soybean rotation and another of puddling (PD) with continuous rice on the characteristics of a pumice Andisol in a temperate region of northern Japan. Higher values for bulk density, penetration resistance, pH, C/N ratio, exchangeable Na (X-Na), Fe, and Mn were observed for PD than NT and CT. On the other hand, organic matter, EC, N, exchangeable K (X-K), exchangeable Ca (X-Ca) and Cu were significantly higher for NT than CT and PD. Highest content of Zn was found in CT compared to other practices. The three-phase composition at pF 2.0 was significantly affected by land use and tillage practices. The solid phase and liquid phase were greater under PD than under NT and CT, while air phase was greater under CT than under NT and PD. Significantly higher values for saturated hydraulic conductivity was found in CT than NT and PD. Total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and PLFA for bacteria, aerobes and cyanobacteria were remarkably higher in NT than CT and PD, regardless of depth. On the other hand, PLFA for methane-oxidizing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria and mycorrhizae were significantly higher in CT than NT and PD. PLFA for fungi was significantly higher in surface (0-10 cm) soils than subsurface (10-20 cm) soils regardless of treatments. Highest bacterial and fungal diversity evaluated by DNA band number in DGGE analysis based on PCR amplification of 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA fragments, respectively, were observed in surface soil of PD. The result suggests a linkage between microbial community and tillage practices in temperate Andisol. This study also justifies the need of measuring soil characteristics based on soil microbial communities. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rahman, M. Hasinur] Natl Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh. [Okubo, A.; Sugiyama, S.] Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Dept Bioprod Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368155, Japan. [Mayland, H. F.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Rahman, MH (reprint author), Natl Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh. EM hasinur65@yahoo.com NR 82 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.006 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357ZJ UT WOS:000259885600002 ER PT J AU Davis, RA Huggins, D Cook, RJ Paulitz, TC AF Davis, Ryan A. Huggins, David Cook, R. James Paulitz, Timothy C. TI Can placement of seed away from relic stubble limit Rhizoctonia root rot in direct-seeded wheat? SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Direct seeding; Rhizoctonia root rot; Precision seed placement; Relic seed row; Soilborne fungal pathogens; Pathogen inoculum; Crop residue; Rhizoctonia solani ID SOLANI AG-8; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WINTER-WHEAT; TAKE-ALL; CROPPING SYSTEMS; REDUCED TILLAGE; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; BARLEY; YIELD AB Rhizoctonia root rot of wheat can be a problem in no-till systems, especially during the transition from conventional tillage. There are no effective chemical controls or resistant varieties, leaving only cultural methods to manage this disease. In a no-till system, residue and inoculum of soilborne pathogens are not moved by cultivation, therefore the inoculum may be concentrated in the seeding row of the previous year. Using GPS tracking systems with sub-meter accuracy, the seeding row could be placed away from the row of the previous year. We tested the hypothesis that seeding away from the relic row may reduce Rhizoctonia root rot. In two field experiments, plants were sampled at three distances from the seed row. as well as from fumigated plots. Intact soil cores were also removed from the field, planted with seeds at various distances from the previous row, and grown in the greenhouse under controlled conditions. Pasteurized cores served as controls. Disease levels were higher in the field in the second year, but there was no consistent effect of seed row placement on disease or plant parameters. However, soil fumigation and pasteurization had significant effects, indicating that soilborne pathogens were active. Inoculum of Rhizoctonia is not produced in the crowns and lower stems of the plant, but the pathogen survives in living and dead roots of the previous year crop, volunteers, and grassy weeds. Thus, high inoculum densities may be present in between the relic rows, as well as within the rows. If this is the situation with Rhizoctonia, precision placement of seed rows would not be efficacious. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Paulitz, Timothy C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Davis, Ryan A.; Cook, R. James] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Huggins, David] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paulitz, TC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Room 363 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Washington Wheat Commission FX We thank Ron Sloot, Shawn Wetterau, and Dave Uberuaga for assistance with field work. This work was partially funded by a grant from the Washington Wheat Commission. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.014 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357ZJ UT WOS:000259885600005 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, GL Abel, C Jackson, R Gore, J AF Snodgrass, Gordon L. Abel, Craig Jackson, Ryan Gore, Jeff TI Bioassay for Determining Resistance Levels in Tarnished Plant Bug Populations to Neonicotinoid Insecticides SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID HETEROPTERA; ARKANSAS; MIRIDAE AB A laboratory bioassay was developed and used to test field populations of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), for development of resistance to the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid (Trimax (R)) and thiamethoxam (Centric (R)). The bioassay determined LC(50) values by feeding adult tarnished plant bugs known doses of the insecticides in a 10% solution (by weight) of honey in water. Field populations from 19 (imidacloprid) and nine (thiamethoxam) locations in the mid-South were tested in 2006 and their LC(50)s were compared to LC(50) values determined in tarnished plant bug populations at the same locations in 2007. The LC(50) values were also compared to LC(50) values determined using imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on a susceptible population from Crossett, AR. Results of the comparisons showed that no resistance to thiamethoxam had developed in the nine populations tested. Some resistance to imidacloprid was found in most of the test populations, because their LC(50) values were significantly greater than the LC(50) value for the susceptible population from Crossett. Resistance to imidacloprid did not increase in populations at 10 locations from 2006 to 2007, and the LC(50) values were not significantly different between the two years. The LC(50) for imidacloprid in 2007 was significantly greater than the LC(50) in 2006 in populations at only four of the 19 test locations. These results showed that while some resistance to imidacloprid was present, the overall tendency was for the resistance to remain the same or decrease during the two years it was studied. The bioassay developed and used in the study is the only rapid method available for monitoring resistance in tarnished plant bug populations to neonicotinoid insecticides. The baseline data for both imidicloprid and thiamethoxam provide a basis for comparison to determine changes in resistance in future monitoring studies. C1 [Snodgrass, Gordon L.; Abel, Craig; Jackson, Ryan; Gore, Jeff] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Snodgrass, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Lab, POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.3958/0147-1724-33.3.173 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 385KC UT WOS:000261812100001 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, GL Gore, J Abel, CA Jackson, R AF Snodgrass, Gordon L. Gore, Jeff Abel, Craig A. Jackson, Ryan TI Predicting Field Control of Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) Populations with Pyrethroid Insecticides by Use of Glass-Vial Bioassays SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID HETEROPTERA MIRIDAE; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; RESISTANCE; TOLERANCE; ARKANSAS; COTTON AB Tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), populations from 21 locations in the Mississippi River Delta of Arkansas and Mississippi were tested for resistance to permethrin in 2004 and 2005. Each population was tested using permethrin in a discriminating-dose bioassay to determine percent mortality, and with a glass-vial bioassay that used dose-response regression lines to determine LC(50) values for permethrin. Results from the two bioassays were compared by regression of percent mortalities with LC(50) values. The regression was significant with an R(2) value of 0.90 which showed that the two methods of determining resistance were closely correlated. The regression equation had a slope of -0.74 and an intercept of 72.06, which showed that the LC(50) value decreased by 7.4 mu g/vial for every 10% increase in mortality in the discriminating-dose bioassay. Percent mortality in the discriminating-dose bioassay and LC(50) values were related to control of plant bugs in the field using four spray chamber and one field cage test. Plant bug populations in these tests were not controlled with four different pyrethroids applied at recommended field rates. Results indicated that either a LC(50) value of 24 mu g/vial or greater of permethrin, or 60% or less mortality in the discriminating-dose bioassay with permethrin, could be used to predict field control problems with plant bugs and pyrethroid insecticides in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. The discriminating-dose bioassay is a much easier bioassay to use as compared to determining LC(50) values using dose-mortality curves. It could be easily used by researchers, consultants, or Cooperative Extension personnel in an insecticide resistance monitoring program for tarnished plant bugs. C1 [Snodgrass, Gordon L.; Gore, Jeff; Abel, Craig A.; Jackson, Ryan] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Snodgrass, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 181 EP 189 DI 10.3958/0147-1724-33.3.181 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 385KC UT WOS:000261812100002 ER PT J AU Solis, MA Goolsby, JA AF Solis, M. Alma Goolsby, John A. TI New Host Association for Mexican Rice Borer in Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article C1 [Solis, M. Alma] ARS, USDA, Syst Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Goolsby, John A.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Solis, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Syst Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 237 EP 238 DI 10.3958/0147-1724-33.3.237 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 385KC UT WOS:000261812100008 ER PT J AU Glenn, GM Klamczynski, A Chiou, BS Orts, WJ Imam, SH Wood, DF AF Glenn, Gregory M. Klamczynski, Artur Chiou, Bor-Sen Orts, William J. Imam, Syed H. Wood, Delilah F. TI Temperature related structural changes in wheat and corn starch granules and their effects on gels and dry foam SO STARCH-STARKE LA English DT Article ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GELATINIZATION; PARTICLES; SORPTION; BARLEY; MAIZE; LIGHT; WATER AB The effect of processing temperature on structural changes in wheat, corn, and high amylose corn starch granules was investigated and related to the mechanical properties of gels and microcellular foam (MCF). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed that wheat starch granules form ghosts with thicker walls than dent corn granules. The granule wall was permeable to water and appeared to be at least partially permeable to the solubilized contents of the granule. The ghost walls became visibly porous after heating at 95 degrees C for 60 min and were completely solubilized by heating to 120 degrees C. High-amylose corn starch (HACS) granules were completely dissolved by heating to 140 degrees C. Gels made with wheat starch had higher gel strength and dynamic modulus compared to dent corn starch gels. The density, compressive strength and modulus of MCF were lower in samples cooked for 60 min. The density of dent corn MCF was higher than that of wheat starch which may have accounted for higher compressive strength and modulus in the corn sample. MCF made from HACS had higher surface area and lower density, compressive strength, and modulus than the other starches tested. There were no significant differences in pore volume or surface area due to extended cooking times. C1 [Glenn, Gregory M.; Klamczynski, Artur; Chiou, Bor-Sen; Orts, William J.; Imam, Syed H.; Wood, Delilah F.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Glenn, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM gmg@pw.usda.gov NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0038-9056 J9 STARCH-STARKE JI Starch-Starke PD SEP PY 2008 VL 60 IS 9 BP 476 EP 484 DI 10.1002/star.200800203 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 354PI UT WOS:000259651100003 ER PT J AU Talbot, NC Blomberg, LA AF Talbot, Neil C. Blomberg, Le Ann TI The pursuit of ES cell lines of domesticated ungulates SO STEM CELL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE ESC; pluripotency; ungulate; differentiation; inner cell mass; epiblast ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; PRIMORDIAL GERM-CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION IN-VITRO; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; SELF-RENEWAL; BOVINE EMBRYOS; FACTOR LIF; PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS; PORCINE BLASTOCYSTS AB In contrast to differentiated cells, embryonic stem cells (ESC) maintain an undifferentiated state, have the ability to self-renew, and exhibit pluripotency, i.e., they can give rise to most if not all somatic cell types and to the germ cells, egg and sperm. These characteristics make ES cell lines important resources for the advancement of human regenerative medicine, and, if established for domesticated ungulates, would help make possible the improvement of farm animals through their contribution to genetic engineering technology. Combining other genetic engineering technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer with ESC technology may result in synergistic gains in the ability to precisely make and study genetic alterations in mammals. Unfortunately, despite significant advances in our understanding of human and mouse ESC, the derivation of ES cell lines from ungulate species has been unsuccessful. This may result from a lack of understanding of species-specific mechanisms that promote or influence cell pluripotency. Thorough molecular characterizations, including the elucidation of stem cell "marker" signaling cascade hierarchy, species-appropriate pluripotency markers, and pluripotency-associated chromatin alterations in the genomes of ungulate species, should improve the chances of developing efficient, reproducible technologies for the establishment of ES cell lines of economically important species like the pig, cow, goat, sheep and horse. C1 [Talbot, Neil C.; Blomberg, Le Ann] USDA, ARS, ANRI, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Blomberg, LA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, ANRI, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, BARC E,Bldg 200,Rm 22, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM LeAnn.Blomberg@ars.usda.gov NR 177 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 10 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1550-8943 J9 STEM CELL REV JI Stem Cell Rev. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 4 IS 3 BP 235 EP 254 DI 10.1007/s12015-008-9026-0 PG 20 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 349OX UT WOS:000259291300013 PM 18612851 ER PT J AU Liu, SB Cai, SB Graybosch, R Chen, CX Bai, GH AF Liu, Shubing Cai, Shibin Graybosch, Robert Chen, Cuixia Bai, Guihua TI Quantitative trait loci for resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in US hard white winter wheat Rio Blanco SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLING SEED DORMANCY; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; BREAD-WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; GRAIN DORMANCY; MULTIPLE LOCI; MAJOR QTL; REGISTRATION; ARABIDOPSIS; MAP AB Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat is a major problem that severely limits the end-use quality of flour in many wheat-growing areas worldwide. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for PHS resistance, a population of 171 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between PHS-resistant white wheat cultivar Rio Blanco and PHS-susceptible white wheat breeding line NW97S186. The population was evaluated for PHS in three greenhouse experiments and one field experiment. After 1,430 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were screened between the two parents and two bulks, 112 polymorphic markers between two bulks were used to screen the RILs. One major QTL, QPhs.pseru-3AS, was identified in the distal region of chromosome 3AS and explained up to 41.0% of the total phenotypic variation in three greenhouse experiments. One minor QTL, QPhs.pseru-2B.1, was detected in the 2005 and 2006 experiments and for the means over the greenhouse experiments, and explained 5.0-6.4% of phenotypic variation. Another minor QTL, QPhs.pseru-2B.2, was detected in only one greenhouse experiment and explained 4.5% of phenotypic variation for PHS resistance. In another RIL population developed from the cross of Rio Blanco/NW97S078, QPhs.pseru-3AS was significant for all three greenhouse experiments and the means over all greenhouse experiments and explained up to 58.0% of phenotypic variation. Because Rio Blanco is a popular parent used in many hard winter wheat breeding programs, SSR markers linked to the QTLs have potential for use in high-throughput marker-assisted selection of wheat cultivars with improved PHS resistance as well as fine mapping and map-based cloning of the major QTL QPhs.pseru-3AS. C1 [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Liu, Shubing; Cai, Shibin; Chen, Cuixia] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cai, Shibin] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China. [Graybosch, Robert] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research; Education and Extension Service; Coordinated Agricultural Project [2006-55606-16629] FX Research is partly funded by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Coordinated Agricultural Project grant number 2006-55606-16629. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. This is contribution No. 08-216-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS, USA. NR 43 TC 33 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 117 IS 5 BP 691 EP 699 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0810-7 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 339ZR UT WOS:000258616300004 PM 18542909 ER PT J AU Palmer, RG Sandhu, D Curran, K Bhattacharyya, MK AF Palmer, R. G. Sandhu, D. Curran, K. Bhattacharyya, M. K. TI Molecular mapping of 36 soybean male-sterile, female-sterile mutants SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NECROTIC ROOT MUTANTS; ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTATION; UNSTABLE MUTATION; W4 LOCUS; MAIZE; MU; LINKAGE; REGION; ALLELE; TRANSPOSITION AB Mutability of the w(4) flower color locus in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is conditioned by an unstable allele designated w(4)-m. Germinal revertants, purple-flower plants, recovered among self-pollinated progeny of mutable flower plants were associated with the generation of necrotic root, chlorophyll-deficiency, and sterility mutations. Thirty-seven male-sterile, female-sterile mutant lines were generated from 37 independent reversion events at the w(4) -m locus. The first germinal revertant study had one male-sterile, female-sterile mutant (st8, T352), located on Molecular Linkage Group (MLG) J. The second study had 36 germinal-revertant derived sterility mutants descended from four mutable categories of w(4)-m. The mutable categories were designated; (1) low frequency of early excisions, (2) low frequency of late excisions, (3) high frequency of early excisions, and (4) high frequency of late excisions. The objectives of the present study were to; (1) molecularly map the 36 male-sterile, female-sterile mutants, and to (2) compare map locations of these mutants with T352 (st8), identified from the first germinal revertant study. Thirty-three of 36 male-sterile, female-sterile mutations were derived from germinal reversions that were classified in the late excision categories. Thirty-five male-sterile mutants mapped to the st8 region on MLG J. The only exception mapped to MLG G. Most likely mutants were generated through insertion of a putative transposon that was excised from the w(4) locus. The location of 36 of 37 mutations to a single chromosomal region suggests preference for sequence-dependent insertion. C1 [Palmer, R. G.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Agron, USDA ARS CICGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sandhu, D.; Curran, K.] Univ Wisconsin Stevens Point, Dept Biol, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. RP Palmer, RG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Agron, USDA ARS CICGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM reid.palmer@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 117 IS 5 BP 711 EP 719 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0812-5 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 339ZR UT WOS:000258616300006 PM 18592206 ER PT J AU Kim, SI Andaya, CB Goyal, SS Tai, TH AF Kim, S. I. Andaya, C. B. Goyal, S. S. Tai, T. H. TI The rice OsLpa1 gene encodes a novel protein involved in phytic acid metabolism SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-PHYTATE MUTATIONS; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; INOSITOL HEXAKISPHOSPHATE; 2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE; METHANOTHERMUS-FERVIDUS; SOYBEAN SEEDS; GLYCINE-MAX; GUARD-CELLS AB The rice low phytic acid 1 (lpa1) mutant was originally identified using a forward genetics approach. This mutant exhibits a 45% reduction in rice seed phytic acid with a molar-equivalent increase in inorganic phosphorus; however, it does not appear to differ significantly in productivity from its wild-type progenitor. A second lpa1 mutant was identified from additional screening for high seed inorganic phosphorus phenotypes. Using a positional cloning strategy, we identified a single candidate gene at the rice Lpa1 locus. Sequence analysis of the candidate gene from the lpa1 mutants revealed two independent mutations (a single base pair substitution and a single base pair deletion) that confirmed the identification of this candidate as the rice low phytic acid 1 gene, OsLpa1. The OsLpa1 gene has three splice variants. The location and nature of the two mutations suggests that these lesions only affect the translation of the predicted protein derived from the longest transcript. The proteins encoded by OsLpa1 do not have homology to any of the inositol phosphate metabolism genes recently characterized in plants, although there is homology to 2-phosphoglycerate kinase, an enzyme found in hyperthermophilic methanogens that catalyzes the formation of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate from 2-phosphoglycerate. OsLpa1 represents a novel gene involved in phytic acid metabolism. C1 [Kim, S. I.; Tai, T. H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tai, TH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM thomas.tai@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (T. H. T) [2005-35301-15708] FX This was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2005-35301-15708 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service ( T. H. T). We gratefully acknowledge technical assistance from P. M. Colowit and D. Farzaneh. We are also thankful to J. N. Rutger and V. Raboy for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful suggestions for improvement. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 117 IS 5 BP 769 EP 779 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0818-z PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 339ZR UT WOS:000258616300011 PM 18566795 ER PT J AU Santra, DK Chen, XM Santra, M Campbell, KG Kidwell, KK AF Santra, D. K. Chen, X. M. Santra, M. Campbell, K. G. Kidwell, K. K. TI Identification and mapping QTL for high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar 'Stephens' SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; BREAD WHEAT; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; DURABLE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; GENE-ACTION; MARKERS; BARLEY; NUMBER AB High-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance from the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar 'Stephens' has protected wheat crops from stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici for 30 years. The objectives of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for HTAP resistance in Stephens through genetic linkage analysis and identify DNA markers linked to the QTL for use in marker-assisted breeding. Mapping populations consisted of 101 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) through single-seed descent from 'Stephens' (resistant) x 'Michigan Amber' (susceptible). F(5), F(6) and F(7) RILs were evaluated for stripe rust resistance at Pullman, WA in 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively, whereas F(8) RILs were evaluated at Mt Vernon, WA, USA in 2005. The 101 F(8) RILs were evaluated with 250 resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP), 245 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 1 sequence tagged site (STS) markers for genetic linkage map construction. Two QTL, which explained 48-61% of the total phenotypic variation of the HTAP resistance in Stephens, were identified. QYrst.wgp-6BS.1 was within a 3.9-cM region flanked by Xbarc101 and Xbarc136. QYrst.wgp-6BS.2 was mapped in a 17.5-cM region flanked by Xgwm132 and Xgdm113. Both two QTL were physically mapped to the short arm of chromosome 6B, but in different bins. Validation and polymorphism tests of the flanking markers in 43 wheat genotypes indicated that the molecular markers associated with these QTL should be useful in marker-assisted breeding programs to efficiently incorporate HTAP resistance into new wheat cultivars. C1 [Chen, X. M.; Campbell, K. G.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Santra, D. K.; Santra, M.; Campbell, K. G.; Kidwell, K. K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35301-15906] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2005-35301-15906. We are grateful to Dr. Clarice Coyne and Dr. Kevin McPhee for their critical review of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 40 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 117 IS 5 BP 793 EP 802 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0820-5 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 339ZR UT WOS:000258616300013 PM 18584147 ER PT J AU Favret, C Miller, GL Nafria, JMN Gabaudan, FC AF Favret, Colin Miller, Gary L. Nieto Nafria, Juan M. Gabaudan, Francisco Cortes TI Corrections and Additions to the Catalog of the Aphid Genera Described from the New World SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE aphids; plant lice; America; Nearctic; Neotropical AB Since the publication of the Catalog of the Aphid Genera Described from the New World (Favret et al. 2008), several errors and omissions have come to light. We here make corrections to seven genus-group names and add 17 valid and nine invalid generic names. raising the total number of available New World genus-group names to 232. Future nomenclatural additions and corrections, at any aphid taxonomic level, will be published in the Aphid Species File database (http://aphid.speciesfile.org). C1 [Favret, Colin] AphidNet LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA. [Favret, Colin; Miller, Gary L.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nieto Nafria, Juan M.] Univ Leon, Dept Biodiversidad & Gest Ambiental, E-24071 Leon, Spain. [Gabaudan, Francisco Cortes] Univ Salamanca, Dept Filol Clas & Indoeuropeo, Salamanca 34071, Spain. RP Favret, C (reprint author), AphidNet LLC, 18901 Tributary Ln, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA. EM ColinFavret@AphidNet.org; gary.miller@ars.usda.gov; jmnien@unileon.es; corga@usal.es RI Favret, Colin/F-7726-2012 OI Favret, Colin/0000-0001-6243-3184 NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0002-8320 J9 T AM ENTOMOL SOC JI Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. PD SEP-DEC PY 2008 VL 134 IS 3-4 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.3157/0002-8320-134.3.275 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 397ZK UT WOS:000262700800001 ER PT J AU Siemens, MC Hulick, DE AF Siemens, M. C. Hulick, D. E. TI A NEW GRAIN HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR SINGLE-PASS GRAIN HARVEST, BIOMASS COLLECTION, CROP RESIDUE SIZING, AND GRAIN SEGREGATION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Biomass collection; Cereal grain; Chaff; Flail; Harvester; Harvesting system; Power requirement; Reaper; Residue management; Stripper header; Wheat ID PERSISTENCE; ATRAZINE; COMBINES AB A cereal grain harvesting system is introduced that combines existing technologies in a unique way to improve cereal grain harvest performance, increase profitability, and efficiently collect biomass. The harvesting system is comprised of three machines: one to reap grain, harvest biomass, and size crop residue for no-till seeding; a second to thresh and winnow life grain; and a third to separate the grain by quality for added value. This study describes the new harvesting system and the development of one of the systems major components: the reaper/flail harvester. The reaper/flail harvester consists of a mobile power unit, a stripper header to harvest the crop, and a flail to chop the standing residue into small pieces. A prototype harvester was fabricated and tested to determine system design criteria and performance characteristics in terms of machine power requirements, quantity of biomass collected, and bulk density of the material harvested. Trials were conducted in seven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields in Oregon during 2005 and 2006 that ranged in yield from 3.3 to 6.4 t ha(-1). Harvester performance was evaluated at various travel speeds, straw chop heights, and with different types of wheat. Flail power requirements were highly linearly correlated with quantity and rate of biomass chopped (R(2) = 0.91). The maximum reaping power requirement was 2.7 kW m(-1), only slightly higher than the no-load power requirement of 1.9 kW m(-1). Power requirements for reaping, conveying, and flailing ranged from a low of 5.0 to a high of 13.5 kW m(-1) depending on travel speed, crop yield, biomass concentration, and chop height. Values were linearly correlated with the combined grain, chaff and biomass feed rate (t h(-1)) with an R(2) of 0.88. Total machine power requirements for a harvester with a 7.3 m header would be about 175 kW, including 75 kW for propulsion, losses, and reserve. Chaff yield in the grain/chaff (graff) mixture harvested exceeded 2 t ha(-1) in six of the seven trials. With chaff valued at $23 t(-1), collecting 2 t ha(-1) of chaff would increase farm revenues by $46 ha(-1). Realistic graff densities of awned wheat were less than 1/11 that of clean grain, and new, efficient material handling systems would need to be developed to have harvesting capacities comparable to that of a conventional combine-based system. Awnless wheat had graff densities that averaged about 1/5 that of clean grain. Equipment is commercially available to handle this volume of material and have harvesting field capacities comparable to that of a conventional combine-based system. C1 [Siemens, M. C.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. [Siemens, M. C.; Hulick, D. E.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. RP Siemens, MC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, 6425 W 8th St, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. EM siemens@cals.arizona.edu NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1519 EP 1527 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700002 ER PT J AU Derksen, RC Zhu, H Ozkan, HE Hammond, RB Dorrance, AE Spongberg, AL AF Derksen, R. C. Zhu, H. Ozkan, H. E. Hammond, R. B. Dorrance, A. E. Spongberg, A. L. TI DETERMINING THE INFLUENCE OF SPRAY QUALITY, NOZZLE TYPE, SPRAY VOLUME, AND AIR-ASSISTED APPLICATION STRATEGIES ON DEPOSITION OF PESTICIDES IN SOYBEAN CANOPY SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air-assist; Coverage; Deposit; Disease; Insect; Soybean; Spray ID FIELD-EVALUATION AB Field studies were established in north central Ohio to determine the effect of different application strategies on targeting of foliar pesticides in narrow-row (18 cm) soybeans. Several different application factors were tested, including spray quality, nozzle type, air-assistance, and spray volume. In 2005, the spray mix included a fungicide. In 2006, in addition to the fungicide, an insecticide was included. Plant samples were removed from each test plot, and stems and leaves from the bottom third and middle third of the plant were separated for analysis. Overall, there was significantly less active ingredient found in the lower third of the canopies than the middle third, and significantly less pesticide residue was found on stems than leaves from the same canopy location. Significantly more fungicide residue was found on lower leaves treated by the medium-quality XR8004 flat-fan nozzle in 2005 than the coarse-quality XR8005 flat-fan nozzle. There were no differences in fungicide residue found on middle canopy leaves between the fine, medium, and coarse quality flat-fan nozzles. The twin-fan pattern nozzles (Turbo Duo and TwinJet) produced the lowest amounts Of fungicide residue on the lower leaves in 2005. The mechanical canopy opener produced significantly higher fungicide residues on middle canopy leaves than all other treatments. The Jacto air-assist sprayer using JA3 hollow-cone nozzles produced the highest fungicide residues on lower canopy leaves in 2005. There were some statistical differences between the amounts of fungicide and insecticide residue found oil plant tissue in 2006 because of the high amount of variability in the sample data. Overall in 2006, the higher volume XR8004 treatment (187 L ha(-1)) and the twin-fan TTJ60-11003 treatment at 145 L ha(-1) performed similar to the Jacto sprayer making applications at 145 L ha(-1) using either flat-fan or hollow-cone nozzles. In general, higher volume applications produced higher amounts of fungicide and insecticide residue on leaves from the middle of the canopy for conventional flat-fan and air-assist applications. Spray volume had less affect on residues measured on leaves from the lower canopy area. Across two years of different canopies at the same spray volume (145 L ha(-1)), the Jacto sprayer using JA3 hollow-cone nozzles produced more fungicide residue on middle canopy stems and lower canopy leaves than the medium-quality XR8004 flat-fan nozzle. C1 [Derksen, R. C.; Zhu, H.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Ozkan, H. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Biol & Agr Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hammond, R. B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dorrance, A. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Spongberg, A. L.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Derksen, RC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Agr Engn Bldg,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM rich.derksen@ars.usda.gov FU Ohio Soybean Council; BASF Corporation; Corn and Soybean Digest; Gregson Technologies; Jacto Inc.; Spraying Systems Co.; Unverferth Equipment Co FX The help provided by Dr. Husevin Guler and Dennis Mills of the Ohio State University an staff at the USDA-ARS Application Technology Research Unit is much appreciated. The authors recognize and appreciate the assistance of Leslie Morris for conducting and coordinating the analytical evaluations of the soybean samples in Wooster and at the University of Toledo with the cooperation of Jason Witter.; The authors are also grateful for the help provided by Bert Bishop and Leona Horst with the statistical analysis of these results. The authors thank the OSU/OARDC and ATI farm operations for providing the soybean fields where these studies were conducted. The authors also acknowledge financial support for this research from Ohio Soybean Council, BASF Corporation, Corn and Soybean Digest, Gregson Technologies, Jacto Inc., Spraying Systems Co., and Unverferth Equipment Co. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1529 EP 1537 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700003 ER PT J AU Pappas, EA Kanwar, RS Baker, JL Lorimor, JC Mickelson, S AF Pappas, E. A. Kanwar, R. S. Baker, J. L. Lorimor, J. C. Mickelson, S. TI FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA IN SUBSURFACE DRAIN WATER FOLLOWING SWINE MANURE APPLICATION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE E. coli; Fecal bacteria; Manure application; Subsurface drainage ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TILE DRAINAGE; SOIL COLUMNS; RIPARIAN FILTERSTRIPS; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; SURVIVAL; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION; MOVEMENT; QUALITY AB Appropriate manure application parameters are necessary to maximize nutrient utilization by plants from manure while minimizing water pollution potential. This study focused on the movement of bacteria to receiving the drains following swine manure application. Specifically, the impacts of different manure application regimes on fecal coliform (FC), Enterococcus (EN), and Escherichia coli (EC) densities in subsurface the drain water were examined for three years. Manure treatments, including fall, spring, and late winter application at a recommended rate 168 kg N ha(-1) (1X) and at 336 kg N ha(-1) (2X) were compared with a non-manure, treatment where commercial urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) was applied. Results indicate that flow-weighted average and maximum observed EN and EC levels in tile water were significantly higher where manure had been applied during late winter at the 2X rate versus the UAN and fall treatments. Levels of FC were highly variable, and the spring injection 1X treatment yielded the highest flow-weighted average and maximum tile water FC levels. Results of this study suggest that manure broadcast onto frozen ground may lead to significantly elevated EN and EC levels in tile water in similar environments, especially when applied in excess of crop nutrient requirements. C1 [Pappas, E. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kanwar, R. S.; Baker, J. L.; Lorimor, J. C.; Mickelson, S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. RP Pappas, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bets@purdue.edu NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1567 EP 1573 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700007 ER PT J AU Li, L Malone, RW Ma, L Kaspar, TC Jaynes, DB Saseendran, SA Thorp, KR Yu, Q Ahuja, LR AF Li, L. Malone, R. W. Ma, L. Kaspar, T. C. Jaynes, D. B. Saseendran, S. A. Thorp, K. R. Yu, Q. Ahuja, L. R. TI WINTER COVER CROP EFFECTS ON NITRATE LEACHING IN SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE AS SIMULATED BY RZWQM-DSSAT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Agroecosystem model; Corn-soybean rotation; Cover crop; Nitrate-nitrogen leaching; Subsurface drainage ID WATER-QUALITY MODEL; GULF-OF-MEXICO; TILE-DRAINAGE; NITROGEN APPLICATION; APPLICATION RATES; GEORGIA PIEDMONT; HYBRID MODEL; CORN YIELD; SOIL; LOSSES AB Planting winter cover crops such as winter rye (Secale cereale L.) after corn and soybean harvest is one of the more promising practices to reduce nitrate loss to streams from tile drainage systems without negatively affecting production. Because availability of replicated tile-drained field data is limited and because use of cover crops to reduce nitrate loss has only been tested over a few years with limited environmental and management conditions, estimating the impacts of cover crops under the range of expected conditions is difficult. If properly tested against observed data, models can objectively estimate the relative effects of different weather conditions and agronomic practices (e.g., various N fertilizer application rates in conjunction with winter cover crops). In this study, an optimized winter wheat cover crop growth component was integrated into the calibrated RZWQM-DSSAT hybrid model, and then we compared the observed and simulated effects of a winter cover crop on nitrate leaching losses in subsurface drainage water for a corn-soybean rotation with N fertilizer application rates over 225 kg N ha(-1) in corn years. Annual observed and simulated flow-weighted average nitrate concentration (FWANC) in drainage from 2002 to 2005 for the cover crop treatments (CC) were 8.7 and 9.3 mg L(-1) compared to 21.3 and 18.2 mg L(-1) for no cover crop (CON). The resulting observed and simulated FWANC reductions due to CC were 59% and 49%. Simulations with the optimized model at various N fertilizer rates resulted in average annual drainage N loss differences between CC and CON increasing exponentially from 12 to 34 kg N ha(-1) for rates of 11 to 261 kg N ha(-1), but the percent difference remained relatively constant (65% to 70%). The results suggest that RZWQM-DSSAT is a promising tool to estimate the relative effects of a winter crop under different conditions on nitrate loss in tile drains, and that a winter cover crop can effectively reduce nitrate losses over a range of N fertilizer levels. C1 [Li, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Malone, R. W.; Kaspar, T. C.; Jaynes, D. B.; Thorp, K. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ma, L.; Saseendran, S. A.; Ahuja, L. R.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Yu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Malone, RW (reprint author), 2150 Parnmel Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rob.malone@ars.usda.gov RI Li, Longhui/C-7214-2013; Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009; OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821; li, long hui/0000-0002-2099-6744 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences International Partnership Project Human Activities and Ecosystem Changes [CXTD-Z2005-1]; State Key Fundamental Science Funds of China [2005CB121106] FX This project was funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences International Partnership Project Human Activities and Ecosystem Changes (CXTD-Z2005-1) and the State Key Fundamental Science Funds of China (Grant No. 2005CB121106). NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1575 EP 1583 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700008 ER PT J AU van Donk, SJ Liao, C Skidmore, EL AF van Donk, S. J. Liao, C. Skidmore, E. L. TI USING TEMPORALLY LIMITED WIND DATA IN THE WIND EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Erosive wind power density; Wind direction; Wind erosion simulation; Wind speed ID SPEED; SIMULATION; BARRIERS AB The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) is a computer model for the simulation of windblown sediment loss from a field. The model is used to evaluate the effect of alternative cropping systems and management scenarios on wind erosion. WEPS requires hourly wind data, which for many locations are unavailable. Therefore, the objective of our research was to investigate whether wind speed and direction can be simulated adequately from temporally limited data and to determine suitable times of the day to take measurements if only a few measurements per day can be made. For three locations (La Junta, Colorado; Sidney, Nebraska; and Pendleton, Oregon), two statistical datasets were created to be used with the WEPS stochastic wind generator The first was based on the full datasets with 24 hourly observations per day and the second was based on a subset of four observations per day: at 0200, 0800, 1400, and 2000 hours local standard time (LT). Erosive wind power densities (WPD), calculated from both datasets, agreed well with each other on an annual basis, the discrepancy was greatest for La Junta, with a difference of 0.8 W m(-2) (6%). For the five most erosive months, the mean absolute WPD difference was less than 10% for all three locations. Prevailing wind erosion direction and WEP-simulated soil loss also showed good agreement between the two data sets. Many other subsets of two, three, and four measurements per day, performed as well or better than the 0200, 0800, 1400, 2006 LT subset. In spite of temporally limited wind data, it is possible to use WEPS to estimate wind erosion risks and the effectiveness of various conservation practices. The results of this study allow researchers to evaluate whether limited data, measured at certain times of the day, are suitable for use in WEPS. For a new station, if only a few measurements per day are going to be made, the results of this study may be used as a guide to choose the times of the day to take these measurements. C1 [van Donk, S. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, W Cent Res & Extens Ctr, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Liao, C.] NW A&F Univ, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Skidmore, E. L.] USDA ARS, Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. RP van Donk, SJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, W Cent Res & Extens Ctr, 402 W State Farm Rd, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. EM svandonk2@unl.edu FU Hatch Act FX A joint contribution of the USDA Agricultural Research Service and the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, supported in part by funds provided through the Hatch Act. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1585 EP 1590 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700009 ER PT J AU Ozeren, Y Wren, DG Alonso, CV AF Ozeren, Y. Wren, D. G. Alonso, C. V. TI DEVELOPMENT OF FLOATING WAVE BARRIERS FOR COST-EFFECTIVE PROTECTION OF IRRIGATION POND LEVEES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Erosion protection; Levee erosion; Levee protection; Wave erosion AB The earth levees commonly used for irrigation reservoirs are subjected to significant embankment erosion due to wind-generated waves. Large seasonal fluctuations in water level make vegetative bank protection impractical, and other stabilization methods, such as the use of stone or discarded tires, are not acceptable due to ecological or economic concerns. Here, a floating wave barrier made of polyethylene irrigation tubing is designed through a laboratory model study and subjected to a short-term prototype-scale field test. Based on wave characteristics measured in an irrigation pond near Carlisle, Arkansas, a laboratory-scale wave generating flume was designed, constructed, and used to test multiple wave barrier configurations for regular waves in deep and transitional water depths. Wave transmission characteristics were investigated for the following breakwater arrangements: (1) fully restrained, (2) vertically restrained with a single mooring line, and (3) horizontally restrained with piles at both sides of the wave barrier The test results show that cylindrical pipes can be used effectively and that wave transmission characteristics strongly depend on the draft and mooring configuration of the wave barrier. The use of multiple small cylinders to replace a single large one is validated. A composite design made of two sizes of cylinders joined at the top was chosen for field testing. In the prototype-scale field test, wave amplitudes were reduced by an average of approximately 50%, which translates into a 75% reduction in wave energy. C1 [Ozeren, Y.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Civil Engn, Oxford, MS USA. [Wren, D. G.; Alonso, C. V.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Wren, DG (reprint author), POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM Daniel.Wren@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1599 EP 1612 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700011 ER PT J AU van Donk, SJ Merrill, SD Tanaka, DL Krupinsky, JA AF van Donk, S. J. Merrill, S. D. Tanaka, D. L. Krupinsky, J. A. TI CROP RESIDUE IN NORTH DAKOTA: MEASURED AND SIMULATED BY THE WIND EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Residue cover; Residue decomposition; WEPS; Wind erosion ID SMALL-GRAIN FIELDS; GREAT-PLAINS; DECOMPOSITION AB Residue cover is very important for controlling soil erosion by water and wind. Thus, the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) includes a model for the decomposition of crop residue. It simulates the fall rate of standing residue and the decomposition of standing and flat residue as a function of temperature and moisture. It also calculates residue cover from flat residue mass. Most of the data used to develop and parameterize this model have been collected in the southern U.S. We compared WEPS-simulated residue cover with that measured in south-central North Dakota for 50 two-year cropping sequences from nine crops species that were grown using no-till management. Measured data included residue mass (it the time of harvest and residue cover just after seeding the next spring. Simulated residue cover significantly (P < 0.05) underestimated measured cover for 33 out of the 50 simulated cropping sequences and overestimated measured cover for five cropping sequences. Some of the differences may be explained by the fact that, for many WEPS crops, residue decomposition parameters are not based on measured field data, but on expert judgment. In addition, WEPS did not predict any stem fall for most of the crops during winter, which contradicts observations that storms flatten many residue stalks of crops such as sunflower. In addition to stem fall and residue decay by biological means, which are driven by temperature and moisture, the model needs to explicitly simulate stem fall by mechanical forces, such as wind- and snowstorms, which are important in northern climates. Furthermore, WEPS does not model the migration of unanchored residue caused by rain- or windstorms, although this does affect residue mass-to-cover ratios and susceptibility to erosion. This study will help improve the WEPS decomposition model and its parameterization, but more data on residue decay and stem fall are needed for different climates and crops to ensure the applicability of the model over a wide range of conditions. C1 [van Donk, S. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, W Cent Res & Extens Ctr, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Merrill, S. D.; Tanaka, D. L.; Krupinsky, J. A.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP van Donk, SJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, W Cent Res & Extens Ctr, 402 W State Farm Rd, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. EM svandonk2@unl.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service and the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division FX A joint contribution of the USDA Agricultural Research Service and the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, supported in part by funds provided through the Hatch Act. Inclusion of product information is for the benefit of the reader and does not imply preference nor endorsement by the USDA-ARS or the University of Nebraska. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1623 EP 1632 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700013 ER PT J AU Tarkalson, DD Payero, JO AF Tarkalson, D. D. Payero, J. O. TI COMPARISON OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION METHODS AND RATES FOR SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATED CORN IN THE SEMI-ARID GREAT PLAINS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Application method; Application rate; Biomass; Corn; Grain yield; Nitrogen; SDI; Subsurface drip irrigation ID DEFICIT IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; KANSAS; CROPS; YIELD AB In semi-arid areas such as western Nebraska, interest in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for corn is increasing due to restricted irrigation allocations. However, crop response quantification to nitrogen (N) applications with SDI and the environmental benefits of multiple in-season (IS) SDI N applications instead of a single early-season (ES) surface application are lacking. The study was conducted in 2004, 2005, and 2006 at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln West Central Research and Extension Center in North Platte, Nebraska, comparing two N application methods (IS and ES) and three N rates (128, 186, and 278 kg N ha(-1)) using a randomized complete block design with four replications. No grain yield or biomass response was observed in 2004. In 2005 and 2006, corn grain yield and biomass production increased with increasing N rates, and the IS treatment increased grain yield, total N uptake, and gross return after N application costs (GRN) compared to the ES treatment. Chlorophyll meter readings taken at the R3 corn growth stage in 2006 showed that less N was supplied to the plant with ES compared to the IS treatment. At the end of the study, soil NO3-N masses in the 0.9 to 1.8 m depth were greater under the IS treatment compared to the ES treatment. Results suggested that greater losses of NO3-N below the root zone under the ES treatment may have had a negative effect on corn production. Under SDI systems, fertigating a recommended N rate at various corn growth stages can increase yields, GRN, and reduce NO3-N leaching in soils compared to concentrated early-season applications. C1 [Tarkalson, D. D.] USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Payero, J. O.] Queensland Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia. RP Tarkalson, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, NWISRL, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM david.tarkalson@ars.usda.gov RI Payero, Jose/A-7916-2011 FU U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation; University of Nebraska-Lincoln FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Special thanks to Jim Petersen and Don Davidson for their efforts in this research, and to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln West Central Research and Extension Center for supplying the research location and research support. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1633 EP 1643 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700014 ER PT J AU Zhang, GH Liu, BY Zhang, XC AF Zhang, G. H. Liu, B. Y. Zhang, X. C. TI APPLICABILITY OF WEPP SEDIMENT TRANSPORT EQUATION TO STEEP SLOPES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Sediment transport capacity; Soil erosion; Steep slopes; WEPP model; Yalin equation ID SOIL-EROSION MODEL; INTERRILL FLOW; OVERLAND-FLOW; CAPACITY; PREDICTION; RUNOFF; VELOCITY AB This study was carried out to evaluate the transport capacity equations of the Yalin equation and the WEPP model for steep slopes, and to recommend the best-fitting exponent value of shear stress in the WEPP transport capacity equation. The transport capacity was measured in a 5 m long, 0.4 m wide hydraulic flume, and the diameter of test sediment varied from 20 to 2000 mu m with a median diameter of 280 mu m. Flow discharge ranged front 0.625 x 10(-3) to 5 X 10(-3) m(2) s(-1), and slope gradient ranged from 8.8% to 46.6%. An averaged dimensionless critical shear stress of 0.052 was used for T(c) calculation in the Yalin equation. The relationship between transport coefficient K(t) and shear stress was graphically determined for the transport capacity equation of the WEPP model. The transport capacities predicted by the Yalin equation and the WEPP model were compared with the measured T(c) to qualify their suitability on steep slopes. The results showed that the Yalin equation overestimated the measured T(c) by 109%. The error increased as a power function of shear stress (r(2) = 0.97). The transport capacity of the WEPP model underestimated the measured T(c) by 65%. The absolute error increased as a linear function of shear stress (r(2) = 0.91). Paired t-tests showed that the transport capacities calculated using the Yalin and WEPP equations were different significantly from measured T(c) at the 0.05 level. Sediment transport coefficient K(b) calculated with the WEPP equation using the measured T(c) of this study, varied with shear stress. However, K(t) converged to a steady value of 0.053 when the best-fitting exponent of 2 for shear stress was used (r(2) = 0.98). Thus, K(t) tau(2) is considered when estimating T(c) for steep slopes. More studies are needed to further evaluate the WEPP T(c) equation as well as this new equation using various soils on steep slopes. C1 [Zhang, G. H.; Liu, B. Y.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhang, G. H.; Liu, B. Y.] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. C.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Zhang, GH (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM ghzhang@bnu.edu.cn RI li, dongsheng/B-2285-2012 FU National Key Basic Research Special Foundation [2007CB407204]; National Key Technologies RD Program [2006BA091305] FX The authors thank Yan-feng Han and Yu-mei Liu for their help in measuring sediment transport capacity. Financial assistance for this work was provided by the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation Project (2007CB407204) and the National Key Technologies R&D Program (2006BA091305). NR 30 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1675 EP 1681 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700018 ER PT J AU Ayars, JE AF Ayars, J. E. TI WATER REQUIREMENT OF IRRIGATED GARLIC SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY JUN 17-20, 2007 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Soc Agr & Biol Engineers DE Crop coefficients; Crop water requirements; Drip irrigation; Farrow irrigation; Garlic; Subsurface drip irrigation ID ALLIUM-SATIVUM L.; CROP COEFFICIENTS; SEMIARID CLIMATE; DRIP IRRIGATION; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; MANAGEMENT; YIELD AB A replicated field trial was conducted on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley to determine the crop coefficient and water requirements of irrigated garlic. Irrigation systems used included simulated furrow irrigation, subsurface drip irrigation, and surface drip irrigation. Irrigation levels were set at 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ET(c)) measured with a weighing lysimeter. Field plots consisted of four beds 80 m long and a 1 m wide, with the two inside beds used for experimental purposes and the outside beds as buffers. Irrigation scheduling was controlled by the crop lysimeter using ET(c) threshold values: 1 mm for the subsurface drip irrigation, 2 mm for the surface drip irrigation, and a weekly irrigation equal to the accumulated ET(c) for the simulated furrow irrigation treatment. The crop water use at 100% ETc for the interval 1 March to 21 May 2006 was 426 mm, including 108 mm of rainfall. The irrigation schedule was modified to reflect the rainfall contribution during the experimental period. An asymptote was used to relate yield to the applied water and the total water use. Maximum yield occurred at 100% ET(c), and irrigation in excess of 100% ET(c) did not provide any additional yield. Statistically, there was very little difference in the yield parameters and quality parameters when compared across irrigation system types. Statistical differences occurred between the irrigation levels. Peak crop coefficient values were estimated in the range of 1.3 to 1.4. The K(c) was linearly related to the day of the year. This represents the development segment of the crop coefficient curve as described in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Ayars, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM james.ayars@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1683 EP 1688 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700019 ER PT J AU Fischer, JB Michael, JL Gibbs, HL AF Fischer, J. B. Michael, J. L. Gibbs, H. L. TI EVALUATION OF HDPE WATER SAMPLE BOTTLES AND PVC SAMPLER TUBING USED IN HERBICIDE DISSIPATION STUDIES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Automatic water samplers; Environmental fate studies; Forest watersheds; HDPE sample bottles; Herbicides; High-performance liquid chromatography; PVC tubing ID COASTAL-PLAIN FOREST; PICLORAM MOVEMENT; HEXAZINONE; FATE; PERSISTENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; MOBILITY; QUALITY; STREAMS; SOIL AB The recovery of six herbicides (triclopyr, triclopyr ester, sulfometuron methyl, metsulfaron methyl, imazapyr, and hexazinone) was evaluated in two stream water samples, one from Weogufka Creek in the Alabama Piedmont and one front a stagnant stream in the Escambia Experimental Forest near Florida. Simulated field study conditions were used to evaluate collection, ambient (pre-retrieval) field storage, and freezer storage phases of stream water sampling. Method detection levels were developed for each herbicide in each water matrix. None of the herbicides degraded significantly in either stream water after 24 days at 22 degrees C to 25 degrees C or after 12 months of freezer storage below -15 degrees C. None of the herbicides tested appeared to leach from the automatic sampler tubing into subsequently collected samples. However slight carryover of about 0.8% of the spiking level was observed in the first post-spike blanks collected for all herbicides. This appeared to be the result of physical adhesion of water droplets on tubing walls; no detectable carryover was observed in subsequent blanks. These results support the use of HDPE sample containers and flexible PVC automatic sampler tubing in environmental fate studies of herbicides. C1 [Fischer, J. B.; Michael, J. L.; Gibbs, H. L.] Forest Serv, USDA, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Fischer, JB (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, 520 Devall Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM jfischer01@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1689 EP 1695 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700020 ER PT J AU Szogi, AA Vanotti, MB Hunt, PG AF Szoegi, A. A. Vanotti, M. B. Hunt, P. G. TI PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY FROM POULTRY LITTER SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Animal waste treatment; CAFO; Fertilizer; Phosphorus recovery; Phosphorus recycling; Poultry litter ID MANAGEMENT; DISPOSAL AB Land application of large amounts of poultry litter is an environmental concern often associated to excess phosphorus (P) in soils and potential pollution of water resources. Recovery of P from poultry litter waste is an attractive approach when on-farm application of poultry litter is not an option. A treatment process, called "quick wash," was developed for extraction and recovery of P from poultry litter and animal manure solids. The quick wash process consists of three consecutive steps: (1) P extraction, (2) P recovery, and (3) P recovery enhancement. In step I, organically bound P is converted to soluble P by rapid hydrolysis reactions using selected mineral or organic acids. This step also releases P from insoluble inorganic phosphate complexes. The washed litter residue is subsequently separated from the liquid extract and dewatered; unnecessary carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) transformations are prevented by dewatering the residue. In step 2, P is precipitated by addition of lime to the liquid extract to form an alkaline earth metal-containing P product. In step 3, an organic poly-electrolyte is added to enhance the P grade of the product. This approach of extracting and recovering P from poultry litter using the quick wash process produces a final P product that can be reused as fertilizer. In addition, the remaining washed solid residue has a more balanced N to P (N:P) ratio that is more environmentally safe for land application and use by crops. As an alternative, washed poultry litter residue can be used for energy production or reutilized as bedding, especially in areas where bedding material is in short supply. C1 [Szoegi, A. A.; Vanotti, M. B.; Hunt, P. G.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Szogi, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM Ariel.Szogi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; ARS [6657-13630-003-OOD] FX This research was part of USDA-ARS National Program 206: Manure and By-product Utilization; ARS Project 6657-13630-003-OOD "Innovative Animal Manure Treatment Technologies for Enhanced Environmental Quality." NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1727 EP 1734 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700024 ER PT J AU Loughrin, JH Lovanh, N Quintanar, A Mahmood, R AF Loughrin, J. H. Lovanh, N. Quintanar, A. Mahmood, R. TI SAMPLING OF MALODOROUS COMPOUNDS IN AIR USING STIR BAR SORBTIVE EXTRACTION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Animal wastes; Cresol; Emissions; Lagoons; Malodor; Odor; Skatole; Stir bar sorbtive extraction ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ODOROUS COMPONENTS; ELECTRONIC NOSE; IDENTIFICATION; OLFACTOMETRY; ODORANTS; ORIGIN AB Twisters, (poly)-dimethylsiloxane-coated magnetic stir bars, were used to measure compounds typical of swine manure malodor in air In initial experiments, a little to achieve equilibrium was determined by preloading the stir bars with ten compounds with a range of volatilities and polarities and then monitoring their loss. The rate of loss was dependent on compound volatility, and the time for equilibrium to be attained varied widely, from 22 min for phenol to 210 min for skatole. To test whether the Twisters would respond linearly over a range of concentrations, the stir bars were placed in vented jars with solutions of compounds containing 100 to 4,000 mu g each of five target malodorous compounds. Response was reasonably linear, with average coefficients of variations of 40,10 and coefficients of determination over 0.80 except for phenol, the most polar of the tested compounds. The Twisters were deployed on pot-table magnetic stir plates 0.5 and 1.5 m above the surface of a wastewater lagoon serving as the primary waste receptacle of a 2, 000-head farrowing operation. Two to three times as much of each compound was absorbed at 0.5 m than at 1.5 m. As the lagoon cooled, malodorous compounds accumulated in the lagoon, and as a consequence, greater amounts of maladors were retained on the samplers despite the cooler temperatures. These results indicate that Twisters can be used to sample malodorous compounds above air from swine waste lagoons. C1 [Loughrin, J. H.; Lovanh, N.] ARS, USDA, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Quintanar, A.] Western Kentucky Univ, Kentucky Climate Ctr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Mahmood, R.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geog & Geol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Loughrin, JH (reprint author), 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM John.loughrin@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1747 EP 1752 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700026 ER PT J AU Nelson, SO Trabelsi, S AF Nelson, S. O. Trabelsi, S. TI DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENTS ON FRUIT, MEAT, AND GRAIN SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2008 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Soc Agr & Biol Engineers DE Dielectric constant; Dielectric properties; Dielectric spectroscopy; Fruit; Loss factor; Meat; Microwaves; Permittivity; Radio frequencies; Wheat ID FRESH FRUITS; 1.8 GHZ; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROWAVE-ENERGY; 10 MHZ; PERMITTIVITIES; VEGETABLES; TEMPERATURE; FREQUENCY AB Dielectric spectroscopy data measured for several fresh fruits, fresh chicken breast, and hard red winter wheat are presented, and the dielectric behavior is discussed with respect to important variables. A brief review of reported measurements on these materials and description of the methods of measurement are included. Frequency ranges for the data are 10 MHz to 1.8 GHz and 200 MHz to 20 GHz. Variation of the dielectric constant and loss factor with frequency and temperature are shown graphically, and the influences of dipolar relaxation and ionic conduction are discussed. C1 [Nelson, S. O.; Trabelsi, S.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Nelson, SO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM stuart.nelson@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1829 EP 1834 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 374UH UT WOS:000261068700035 ER PT J AU Estrada, C Perez, AM Turmond, MC AF Estrada, C. Perez, A. M. Turmond, M. C. TI Herd reproduction ratio and time-space analysis of a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Peru in 2004 SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES LA English DT Article DE foot-and-mouth disease; epidemiology; reproductive ratio; spatio-temporal analysis; Peru ID VIRUS; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; ARGENTINA; OUTBREAK; CATTLE; ASSAY AB The herd reproductive ratio (R(h)) and spatio-temporal clustering were estimated in the 2004 foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic in Peru. The epidemic lasted 39 days and involved 26 herds. Movement of cattle was restricted, all susceptible species within a 25-km buffer zone were revaccinated, and infected animals with clinical signs of FMD were killed or destroyed to control and eradicate the disease. The R(h) declined from 5.3 on the second day of the epidemic to 1.31 on the 25th day. Spatio-temporal clustering of cases was detected at a critical distance of 0.5 km and critical times of 7 and 14 days. Cases were clustered in space (P = 0.006) but not in time (P = 0.498). The space-time scan method detected a spatio-temporal cluster that included consecutive case numbers 13, 14 and 15, located at the temporal midpoint of the epidemic. The values estimated for R(h) and the cluster analyses provide quantitative estimates of the self-limiting nature of FMD spread in a susceptible but vaccinated population. C1 [Perez, A. M.; Turmond, M. C.] Univ Calif Davis, Foot & Mouth Dis Surveillance & Modeling Lab, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Ctr Anim Dis Modeling & Surveillance,Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Estrada, C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD USA. [Perez, A. M.] UNR, CONICET, Fac Cs Vet, Casilda, Argentina. RP Perez, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Foot & Mouth Dis Surveillance & Modeling Lab, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Ctr Anim Dis Modeling & Surveillance,Sch Vet Med, 1 Shields Ave,1044 Haring Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM amperez@ucdavis.edu NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1865-1674 J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 55 IS 7 BP 284 EP 292 DI 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2008.01023.x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 332HN UT WOS:000258074200003 PM 18631231 ER PT J AU Duncan, C Backus, L Lynn, T Powers, B Salman, M AF Duncan, C. Backus, L. Lynn, T. Powers, B. Salman, M. TI Passive, opportunistic wildlife disease surveillance in the rocky mountain region, USA SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES LA English DT Article DE surveillance; wild animals; emerging infectious disease ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MEDICINE AB Wild animals can play an important role in the epidemiology of infectious disease with significant public health, economic and ecological consequences. As it is often challenging to conduct unbiased surveillance in free-ranging mammal populations, passive, opportunistic case identification has been widely used for detection of disease events in wild animals. This study evaluated the role of different agencies and organizations in the Rocky Mountain Region of the USA to identify significant wildlife health events or aggregate information from multiple sources. Overall wildlife rehabilitators were in contact with the greatest number of animals; however, the data from these groups, in its current state, are insufficient for surveillance purposes. Wild animal data from all survey groups aggregated at the level of state wildlife organizations; these agencies are therefore central in this type of surveillance activity and require sufficient resources to ensure that appropriate testing is conducted. C1 [Duncan, C.; Backus, L.; Salman, M.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Duncan, C.; Powers, B.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lynn, T.] CEI, USDA APHIS VS, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 1681 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1865-1674 J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 55 IS 7 BP 308 EP 314 DI 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2008.01039.x PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 332HN UT WOS:000258074200006 PM 18631229 ER PT J AU Strimbeck, GR Kjellsen, TD Schaberg, PG Murakami, PF AF Strimbeck, G. Richard Kjellsen, Trygve D. Schaberg, Paul G. Murakami, Paula F. TI Dynamics of low-temperature acclimation in temperate and boreal conifer foliage in a mild winter climate SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abies; cold; frost; LN2-quench hardiness tolerance; Picea; Pinus; raffinose; stachyose; sucrose; sugar ID FROST HARDINESS; RED SPRUCE; ENVIRONMENTAL-REGULATION; FREEZING TOLERANCE; SEASONAL PATTERNS; COLD-ACCLIMATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PINUS-RESINOSA; THUJA-PLICATA; WOODY-PLANTS AB To provide baseline data for physiological studies of extreme low-temperature (LT) tolerance in boreal conifers. we profiled LT stress responses, liquid nitrogen (LN2)-quench tolerance, and sugar concentrations in foliage of boreal-temperate species pairs in the genera Abies, Picea and Pinus, growing in an arboretum in a temperate oceanic climate from August 2006 through April 2007. The boreal species acclimated more rapidly and deeply than the temperate species, acquiring LN2-quench tolerance by late November, despite unusually warm conditions throughout the autumn and early Winter. Maximum LT tolerance in the temperate species was in the -25 to -35 degrees C range, and was reached only after a period of freezing temperatures in late January and February. During LT acclimation in the temperate species, sigmoid temperature-relative electrolyte leakage (REL) curves shifted toward lower temperatures, whereas in boreal species there was both a temperature shift and a lowering of the maximum REI.. Until it fell below a threshold associated with irreversible injury. These differences may reflect differences in mechanisms of LT acclimation and LT tolerance. The concentrations of total and individual sugars did not show a clear pattern that could differentiate the boreal and temperate groups. Raffinose and, in three of the six species, stachyose showed the closest association with LT tolerance. Sugar concentrations, principally sucrose, decreased during mild weather, perhaps because of respiratory losses or phloem export, and increased after periods of freezing temperatures. Low-temperature acclimation in boreal species appears to follow a rigid program that may affect their ability to avoid excessive respiratory losses in the event of continued climate warming in boreal regions. C1 [Strimbeck, G. Richard; Kjellsen, Trygve D.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Schaberg, Paul G.; Murakami, Paula F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Strimbeck, GR (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM richard.strimbeck@bio.ntnu.no NR 39 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1365 EP 1374 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 347FQ UT WOS:000259126400008 PM 18595849 ER PT J AU Loving, CL Brockmeier, SL Vincent, AL Lager, KM Sacco, RE AF Loving, Crystal L. Brockmeier, Susan L. Vincent, Amy L. Lager, Kelly M. Sacco, Randy E. TI Differences in Clinical Disease and Immune Response of Pigs Challenged with a High-Dose versus Low-Dose Inoculum of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; GENE-EXPRESSION; I INTERFERON; MX1 PROTEIN; T-CELLS; PRRSV; SWINE AB Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ( PRRSV) continues to be an economically important infectious disease of swine. Mechanisms governing activation of the innate immune response to PRRSV remain to be elucidated. Virulence differences observed between PRRSV isolates have been attributed to replication ability in vivo, though immunogenic differences likely contribute to virulence also. The current study utilized a single PRRSV isolate given at two different challenge doses to investigate the effect of viral replication and load on immune responses, including type I interferon activation. Body temperature, viral load, antibody levels, cellular infiltration into pulmonary tissue, and the interferon response were measured in animals receiving either a low (10(2) CCID50) or high (10(6) CCID50) dose of inoculum to understand the role of challenge dose in acute immune responses. Initial PRRSV dose did not correlate with serum levels of PRRSV vRNA or antibody titers during the acute stage of infection (days 2-12 PI), but did have an effect on the immune response and mortality. Type I interferon responses, measured by transcriptional changes in IFN-beta, IFN-alpha, Mx, and PKR, were uniquely different when assessed relative to viral dose or cell type, but no overall trend existed to discern responses based on challenge dose. Serum IFN-gamma levels correlated with serum viral RNA load at day 19 PI. Overall, between days 2 and 12 PI, serum vRNA load was not significantly different between pigs challenged with a low or high dose of PRRSV. Animals receiving high-dose inoculum were viremic longer and eventually succumbed to respiratory disease. IFN-gamma may play a role in PRRSV pathogenesis, as serum levels increased significantly in pigs challenged with the high dose of PRRSV. C1 [Loving, Crystal L.; Brockmeier, Susan L.; Sacco, Randy E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Vincent, Amy L.; Lager, Kelly M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Pr Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Loving, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM crystal.loving@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 21 IS 3 BP 315 EP 325 DI 10.1089/vim.2008.0038 PG 11 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 357XM UT WOS:000259880500007 PM 18788940 ER PT J AU Schiotz, BL Jorgensen, SM Rexroad, C Gjoen, T Krasnov, A AF Schiotz, Berit Lyng Jorgensen, Sven Martin Rexroad, Caird Gjoen, Tor Krasnov, Aleksei TI Transcriptomic analysis of responses to infectious salmon anemia virus infection in macrophage-like cells SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV); host response; molecular pathology; microarray; macrophage; oxidative stress ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; MHC CLASS-I; NF-KAPPA-B; ATLANTIC SALMON; SALAR L.; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAINBOW-TROUT AB The aquatic orthomyxovirus infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) is an important pathogen for salmonid aquaculture, however little is known about protective and pathological host responses to infection. We have investigated intracellular responses during cytopathic ISAV infection in the macrophage-like Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK) cell line by microarray analysis (1.8k SFA2.0 immunochip) and a functional assay for glutathione. Gene transcription changed rapidly and consistently with time and with minor differences between two virus isolates. While several pro-inflammatory and antiviral immune genes were induced, genes involved in cell signaling and integrity were down-regulated, suggesting isolation of infected cells from cell-to-cell interaction and responses to external signals. Differential expression of genes regulating cell cycle and apoptosis implied opposite cues from host cell and virus. This was in pace with massive down-regulation of genes involved in biosynthesis and processing of nucleotides and nucleic acids. Significant down-regulation of several genes involved in metabolism of reactive oxygen species suggested increased oxidative stress, which was confirmed by a functional assay showing reduced levels of glutathione during infection. Testing of expression data against a microarray database containing diverse experiments revealed candidate marker genes for ISAV infection. Our findings provide novel insight into cellular host responses and determinants for acute cytopathic ISAV infection. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jorgensen, Sven Martin; Krasnov, Aleksei] Nofima Akvaforsk Fiskeriforskning AS, N-1432 As, Norway. [Schiotz, Berit Lyng; Gjoen, Tor] Univ Oslo, Dept Pharmaceut Biosci, Sch Pharm, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Rexroad, Caird] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Leetown, WV 25430 USA. RP Jorgensen, SM (reprint author), Nofima Akvaforsk Fiskeriforskning AS, POB 5010, N-1432 As, Norway. EM sven.martin.jorgensen@akvaforsk.no RI Krasnov, Aleksei/D-3065-2012; Gjoen, Tor /F-2740-2013 OI Gjoen, Tor /0000-0003-4040-5793 NR 85 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 136 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.04.019 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 331JS UT WOS:000258009100009 PM 18534703 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Hashimoto, Y AF Valles, Steven M. Hashimoto, Yoshifumi TI Characterization of structural proteins of Solenopsis invicta virus 1 SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE structural proteins; capsid proteins; fire ant; Solenopsis invicta virus 1; positive-strand RNA virus ID PICORNA-LIKE VIRUS; IMPORTED FIRE ANT; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA VIRUS-1; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; RNA VIRUSES; PARALYSIS VIRUS; GENOME; HONEYBEES; PCR; BEE AB Purification of Solenopsis invicta virus 1 (SINV-1) from its host, S. invicta, and subsequent examination by electron microscopy revealed a homogeneous fraction of spherical particles with a diameter of 30-35 nm. Quantitative PCR with SINV-1-specific oligonucleotide primers verified that this fraction contained high copy numbers of the SINV-1 genome. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the SINV-1 purified fraction revealed three major and one minor protein bands. The protein bands were labeled VP1 (40.8 +/- 1.4 kDa), VP2 (35.7 +/- 2.8 kDa), VP3 (25.2 +/- 1.8 kDa), and VP4 (22.2 +/- 2.5 kDa) based on mass. N-terminal sequence was acquired successfully for VP1, VP2, and VP3, but not VP4, and delineated each capsid protein within the T-proximal open reading frame of SINV-1. Positional organization of the viral proteins within the SINV-1 structural polyprotein was consistent with dicistroviruses (when based on sequence similarity). Blastp analysis of SINV-1 VP1, VP2, and VP3 revealed significant identity with corresponding structural capsid proteins of positive-strand RNA viruses, particularly acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). Amino acid residues about the scissile bonds for VP1 and VP3 were consistent with dicistroviruses and insect-infecting picorna-like viruses. N-terminal sequencing of VP2 also established that translation initiation of the SINV-1 structural polyprotein was mediated by an internal ribosomal entry site and is AUG-independent. (c) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Valles, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hashimoto, Yoshifumi] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM svalles@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 136 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.04.009 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 331JS UT WOS:000258009100024 PM 18514347 ER PT J AU McLain, JET Williams, CF AF McLain, Jean E. T. Williams, Clinton F. TI Seasonal variation in accurate identification of Escherichia coli within a constructed wetland receiving tertiary-treated municipal effluent SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE m-Coli Blue 24 (R); E. coli; Coliforms; Wastewater ID WASTE-WATER; BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; TOTAL COLIFORMS; DRINKING-WATER; IRRIGATION; MEDIA; ENUMERATION; SURVIVAL; SOIL; 4-METHYLUMBELLIFERYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIDE AB As the reuse of municipal wastewater escalates worldwide as a means to extend increasingly limited water supplies, accurate monitoring of water quality parameters, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), increases in importance. Chromogenic media are often used for detection of E. coli in environmental samples, but the presence of unique levels of organic and inorganic compounds alters reclaimed water chemistry, potentially hindering E. coli detection using enzyme-based chromogenic technology. over seven months, we monitored E. coli levels using m-Coli Blue 24 (R) broth in a constructed wetland filled with tertiary-treated municipal effluent. No E. coli were isolated in the wetland source waters, but E. coli, total coliforms, and heterotrophic bacteria increased dramatically within the wetland on all sampling dates, most probably due to fecal inputs from resident wildlife populations. Confirmatory testing of isolates presumptive for E. coli revealed a 41% rate of false-positive identification using m-Coli Blue 24 (R) broth over seven months. Seasonal differences were evident, as false-positive rates averaged 35% in summer, but rose sharply to 75% in the late fall and winter. Corrected E. coli levels were significantly correlated with electrical conductivity, indicating that water chemistry may be controlling bacterial survival within the wetland. This is the first study to report that accuracy of chromogenic media for microbial enumeration in reclaimed water may show strong seasonal differences, and highlights the importance of validation of microbiological results from chromogenic media for accurate analysis of reclaimed water quality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McLain, Jean E. T.; Williams, Clinton F.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP McLain, JET (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cordon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM jean.mclain@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 42 IS 15 BP 4041 EP 4048 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2008.06.003 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 358LZ UT WOS:000259919800002 PM 18674793 ER PT J AU Mueller-Warrant, GW Whittaker, GW Young, WC AF Mueller-Warrant, George W. Whittaker, Gerald W. Young, William C., III TI GIS analysis of spatial clustering and temporal change in weeds of grass seed crops SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Moran's I spatial autocorrelation; Getis-Ord General G high/low clustering; Getis-Ord Gi* hot spot analysis; kriging ID MULTISPECTRAL DIGITAL IMAGERY; IDENTIFYING ASSOCIATIONS; MULTIVARIATE-ANALYSIS; SPECIES ABUNDANCE; SITE PROPERTIES; STAND DURATION; GLYCINE-MAX; POPULATIONS; HERBICIDES; GEOSTATISTICS AB Ten years of Oregon Seed Certification Service (OSCS) preharvest field inspections converted from a nonspatial database to a geographic information system (GIS) were analyzed for patterns in spatial distribution of occurrence and severity of the 36 most common weeds of grass seed crops. This was done under the assumptions that those patterns would be primarily consequences of interactions among farming practices, soil properties, and biological traits of the weeds, and that improved understanding of the interactions would benefit the grass seed industry. Kriging, Ripley's K-function, and both Moran's I spatial autocorrelation and Getis-Ord General G high/low clustering using the multiple fixed distance band option all produced roughly similar classifications of weeds possessing strongest and weakest spatial clustering patterns. When Moran's I and General G analyses of maximum weed severity observed within individual fields over the life of stands were conducted using the inverse distance weighting option, however, results were highly sensitive to the presence of a small number of overlapping fields in the 10-yr record. Addition of any offset in the range from 6 to 6,437 m to measured distances between field centroids in inverse distance weighting matrices removed this sensitivity, and produced results closely matching those for the multiple fixed distance band method. Clustering was significant for maximum severity within fields over the 10-yr period for all 43 weeds and in 78% of single-year analyses. The remaining 22% of single-year cases showed random rather than dispersed distribution patterns. In decreasing order, weeds with strongest inverse-distance spatial autocorrelation were German velvetgrass, Field bindweed, roughstalk bluegrass, annual bluegrass, orchardgrass, common velvetgrass, Italian ryegrass, Agrostis spp., and perennial ryegrass. Of these nine weeds, distance for peak spatial autocorrelation ranged from 2 km for Agrostis spp. to 34 km for common velvetgrass. Weeds with stronger spatial autocorrelation had greater range between distance of peak spatial autocorrelation and maximum range of significance. Z-scores for General G high/low clustering were substantially lower than corresponding values for Moran's I spatial autocorrelation, although the same two weeds (German velvetgrass and field bindweed) showed strongest clustering using both measures. Simultaneous patterns in Moran's I and General G implied that management practices relatively ineffective in controlling weeds usually played a greater role in causing weeds to cluster than highly effective practices, although both types of practices impacted Italian ryegrass distribution. Distance of peak high/low clustering among perennial weeds was smallest (I to 3 km) for Canada thistle, field bindweed, Agrostis spp., and western wildcucumber, likely indicating that these weeds occurred in patchy infestations extending across neighboring fields. Although both wild carrot and field bindweed doubled in average severity over the period from 1994 to 2003, wild carrot was the only weed clearly undergoing an increase in spatial autocorrelation. Soil chemical and physical properties and dummy variables for soil type and crop explained small but significant portions of total variance in redundancy and canonical correspondence analysis of weed occurrence and severity. Fitch-Morgoliash tree diagrams and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordinations revealed substantial differences among soil types in weed occurrence and severity. Gi* local hot-pot clustering combined with feature class to raster conversion protected grower expectations of confidentiality while describing dominant spatial features of weed distribution patterns in maps released to the public. C1 [Mueller-Warrant, George W.; Whittaker, Gerald W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Young, William C., III] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mueller-Warrant, GW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM George.Mueller-Warrant@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 40 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 38 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 647 EP 669 DI 10.1614/WS-07-032.1 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 348MK UT WOS:000259214400002 ER PT J AU Davis, AS Schutte, BJ Iannuzzi, J Renner, KA AF Davis, Adam S. Schutte, Brian J. Iannuzzi, James Renner, Karen A. TI Chemical and physical defense of weed seeds in relation to soil seedbank persistence SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE seed coat; physical protection; mechanical damage; ortho-dihydroxyphenols; phenolic compounds; seed longevity; decay; half-life ID DETERIORATION RESISTANCE MECHANISMS; ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; CROPPING SYSTEMS; AMARANTHUS-RETROFLEXUS; COMBINE HARVESTER; BANK DYNAMICS; VELVETLEAF; VIABILITY; PREDATION; MICROORGANISMS AB Effective weed seedbank management requires mechanistic understanding of ecological determinants of seed persistence in the soil seedbank. Chemical and physical defense of common lambsquarters, field pennycress, giant foxtail, kochia, velvetleaf, and yellow foxtail seeds were quantified in relation to short- and long-term seedbank persistence. Seed content of ortho-dihydroxyphenois (o-DHP), a class of putative seed defense compounds, varied more than threefold between the least protected species (common lambsquarters, 9.2 mu g g seed(-1)) and the most protected species (kochia, 34.1 mu g g seed(-1)). Seed o-DHP was inversely related (r = -0.77, P < 0.001) to seed half-life in the soil and to short-term seed persistence in burial assays (r = -0.82, P < 0.05). The relative importance of chemical seed protection in comparison to physical seed protection, as represented by the ratio of seed o-DHP concentration to seed coat thickness, decreased linearly with increasing short-term seed persistence (r = -0.96, P < 0.01) and nonlinearly with increasing long-term seed persistence in the soil seedbank (y = 0.16 + 0.21/(0.0432 + x), R(2) = 0.99, P < 0.001). Mechanical damage to the seed coat, via piercing, slicing, or grinding treatments, increased short-term mortality during burial for all six species. Mortality of pierced seeds was negatively associated (r = -0.35, P < 0.05) with seed phenol concentration and positively associated with seed half-life (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) and seed coat thickness (r = 0.36, P < 0.05). Seed phenolics, as a class, supported the results for o-DHPs. Overall, these findings suggest a potential weakness, with respect to seedbank management, in the way weed seed defenses are constructed. Weed species with transient seedbanks appear to invest more in chemical defense than those species with highly persistent seedbanks. As a result, seeds in the latter category are relatively more dependent upon physical seed protection for persistence in the soil seedbank, and more vulnerable to management tactics that reduce the physical integrity of the weed seed coat. C1 [Davis, Adam S.; Schutte, Brian J.] ARS, USDA, Invas Weed Management Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Iannuzzi, James; Renner, Karen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Davis, AS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Weed Management Unit, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM adam.davis@ars.usda.gov RI Iannuzzi, James/E-5228-2012 FU NSF; USDA FX We thank Dr. Jim Dalling and Ms. Pimonrat Tiansawat for their valuable suggestions for improving this manuscript. This work was supported in part by NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates, the USDA Sustainable Agriculture Special Grants program, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 57 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 41 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 676 EP 684 DI 10.1614/WS-07-196.1 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 348MK UT WOS:000259214400004 ER PT J AU Bryson, CT Reddy, KN Burke, IC AF Bryson, Charles T. Reddy, Krishna N. Burke, Ian C. TI Morphological comparison of morningglory (Ipomoea and Jacquemontia spp.) populations from the southeastern United States SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE accession; biotype; hybridization; leaf morphology; flower morphology ID SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT CROPS; WEED-CONTROL; LACUNOSA; CONVOLVULACEAE; INTERFERENCE; TOLERANCE; EFFICACY; SCIENCE AB Morningglories are troublesome weeds in row crops and other agricultural areas throughout the United States. Plants of pitted morningglory, sharppod morningglory, and a fertile "hybrid" between pitted and sharppod morningglory (hybrid morningglory), were compared with cypressvine, ivyleaf, palmleaf, purple moonflower, red, and smallflower morningglories in greenhouse studies at Stoneville, MS. Plants from each of 76 accessions were studied for number of nodes to first internode elongation; stein color and pubescence; leaf area and dry weight of first four full expanded leaves; leaf blade pubescence on abaxial and adaxial surfaces and margins; leaf color, shape, and lobing; petiole length, color, and pubescence; sepal length, color, and pubescence; and corolla color, diameter, and length. Among these morningglories, the most diverse traits were pubescence and flower characteristics. Greatest morphological diversity was among hybrid morningglory accessions because characteristics were intermediate to pitted morningglory and sharppod morningglory accessions. Sharppod morningglory had five nodes to first internode elongation compared to three nodes in pitted and hybrid morningglory. Corolla color was white (90%) or white with faint pink veins (10%) in pitted morningglory, lavender (100%) in sharppod morningglory, and varied from pinkish lavender (45%), lavender (38%), white (12%), to white with pink veins (5%) in hybrid morningglory accessions. Pitted, red, and smallflower morningglory corolla diameters were not only smaller, but less variable in size than cypressvine, hybrid, ivyleaf, palmleaf, purple moonflower, and sharppod morningglories. Corolla diameter and lengths were most variable in sharppod morningglory accessions when compared to other morningglory accessions. The sepal tip shape was broader (broadly acute to obtuse) in palmleaf and sharppod than in hybrid, pitted, or other morningglories (acute to narrowly acute). In future studies, these morphological traits will be compared to determine if any are correlated with glyphosate sensitivity. C1 [Bryson, Charles T.; Reddy, Krishna N.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Burke, Ian C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. RP Bryson, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM charles.bryson@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 692 EP 698 DI 10.1614/WS-07-198.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 348MK UT WOS:000259214400006 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Grey, TL Davis, JW Culpepper, AS AF Webster, Theodore M. Grey, Timothy L. Davis, Jerry W. Culpepper, A. Stanley TI Glyphosate hinders purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) tuber production SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE methyl bromide alternative; perennial weed; tuber; vegetable production ID PEPPER CAPSICUM-ANNUUM; METHYL-BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES; TOMATO LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; COTTON GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; MULCHED BELL PEPPER; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; WEED MANAGEMENT; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; CUCUMIS-SATIVUS AB The phase-out of methyl bromide requires alternative nutsedge management options in vegetable systems. Options that target tuber production, the primary means of reproduction, will be most beneficial. A study was conducted to evaluate the response of purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge foliar growth and tuber production to a range of glyphosate rates. Glyphosate was applied at six rates between 0.41 and 2.57 kg ae ha(-1) to 5-wk-old nutsedge plants with multiple shoots. The rate of glyphosate needed to reduce growth 50% (I(50)) was similar for purple nutsedge foliar growth (0.58 kg ha(-1)) and tuber biomass (0.55 kg ha(-1)). In contrast, I(50) for yellow nutsedge foliar growth was 0.73 kg ha(-1) which was greater than the I(50) for tuber biomass (0.41 kg ha(-1)). First-order tubers, those directly attached to the initial tuber, had an I(50) of 0.70 and 0.44 kg ha(-1) of glyphosate for purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge tuber biomass, respectively. For all higher-order tubers, I(50) values ranged from 0.29 to 0.60 and 0.14 to 0.30 kg ha(-1) of glyphosate for purple nutsedge and yellow nutsedge tuber biomass, respectively. Glyphosate at 0.74 kg ha(-1) prevented fourth-order purple nutsedge and third-order yellow nutsedge tuber production (terminal tubers for yellow nutsedge). Fifth- and sixth-order purple nutsedge tuber production was eliminated by the lowest tested rate of glyphosate (0.41 kg ha(-1)). Effective nutsedge management options will require consistent control between spring and autumn crops. Glyphosate is economical, poses no herbicide carryover issues to vegetables, and minimizes nutsedge tuber production; therefore, it is a suitable candidate to manage nutsedges. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Grey, Timothy L.; Culpepper, A. Stanley] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Davis, Jerry W.] Univ Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 66 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 735 EP 742 DI 10.1614/WS-07-188.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 348MK UT WOS:000259214400012 ER PT J AU Altland, JE Wehtje, G Mckee, ML Gilliam, CH AF Altland, James E. Wehtje, Glenn Mckee, Michael L. Gilliam, Charles H. TI Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) response to quinoclamine in a pine bark substrate SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE herbicide adsorption; hydroponic solution; nursery crops; gemmae; thalli ID CONTAINER MEDIA; SOIL; ADSORPTION; DESORPTION; MOBILITY AB Quinoclamine is an herbicide under development for control of liverwort, a weed common in nursery crops. With respect to liverwort control, quinoclamine has been considered to primarily have POST activity. However, some PRE activity has been reported. Growth media sorption studies with (14)C-quinoclamine indicate that only 0.64% of the quinoclamine amount that enters the media remains unadsorbed and thus available to be taken up by established plants or propagules. Computer modeling revealed that a large portion of the surface of the quinoclamine molecule is positively charged, which likely is the reason for its high adsorptivity. In a simulation of PRE activity, hydroponically grown liverwort and germinating gemmae were exposed to increasing quinoclamine concentrations. Phytotoxicity to both plants and gemmae was obtained with a minimal concentration of 4 to 6 mg L(-1). Based upon the projected use rate, and assuming minimal vertical infiltration depth, the theoretical concentration of quinoclamine within the aqueous phase of a pine bark substrate would be approximately 8 mg L(-1). In toto, results indicate that the projected use rate will result in sufficient quinoclamine in the aqueous phase of a pine bark substrate to provide PRE control of gemmae propagules as well as to contribute to the efficacy of POST applications to established liverwort. C1 [Altland, James E.] USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Wehtje, Glenn] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Mckee, Michael L.] Auburn Univ, Dept Chem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Gilliam, Charles H.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Altland, JE (reprint author), USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM james.altland@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2008 VL 56 IS 5 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1614/WS-07-167.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 348MK UT WOS:000259214400016 ER PT J AU Allen, EA Chambers, JC Nowak, RS AF Allen, Elizabeth A. Chambers, Jeanne C. Nowak, Robert S. TI EFFECTS OF A SPRING PRESCRIBED BURN ON THE SOIL SEED BANK IN SAGEBRUSH STEPPE EXHIBITING PINYON-JUNIPER EXPANSION SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Pinus monophylla; Juniperus osteosperma; Artemisia tridentata; seed density; seed richness; microsite; soil depth; ecosystem restoration ID GREAT-BASIN; NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; CHARRED WOOD; PLANT-GROWTH; FIRE; GERMINATION; SMOKE; WOODLANDS; PATTERNS AB Pinyon-juniper (Pinus monophylla-Juniperus osteosperma) woodlands are expanding into shrubsteppe ecosystems in western portions of the Great Basin. Often, highly competitive trees displace the understory, and prescribed fire is increasingly use(] as a restoration tool. To inform management decisions about post-fire recovery, we examined immediate and long-term (i.e., 2 growing seasons) responses of the germinable seed bank to a spring prescribed fire. One week before and 1 week after a May 2002 prescribed burn, soil samples were taken tinder P. monophylla trees, under Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana shrubs, and from interspace microsites. Two growing seasons after the prescribed burn, soil samples were taken from the same microsites and from similar microsites in an adjacent unburned area. Prior to the burn, the germinable seed bank tinder shrubs contained the highest seed density and the highest species richness followed by interspace and tree microsites. Shrub litter was consumed by the burn, causing complete loss of the seed bank front that microsite and depleting the A. tridentata seed bank. Interestingly, the density of germinable seeds in soil tinder P monophylla trees increased immediately following the burn; 70% of that increase originated from the annual forb Descurainia pinnata. Two growing seasons following the prescribed burn, no overall differences in germinable seed density between burned and unburned plots were observed, but seed bank species composition differed, with seed banks in the prescribed burn having a greater abundance of Eriogonum elatum, E. microthecum, and Gayophytum diffusion compared to unburned plots, which had a greater abundance of A. tridentata, Lappula occidentalis, and Descurainia pinnata. Our results indicate that rapid restoration to prefire vegetation cannot rely upon the soil seed bank. To ensure rapid recovery, land managers should select sites for prescribed burns that have fire-tolerant perennial vegetation. C1 [Allen, Elizabeth A.; Nowak, Robert S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Allen, Elizabeth A.] Chicago Bot Garden, Dept Conservat Sci, Glencoe, IL 60022 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Nowak, RS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Mailstop 370, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM nowak@cabnr.unr.edu FU Nevada Arid Rangelands Initiative and the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station FX We wish to thank the following individuals for helping with field work, critiquing the manuscript, and assisting with statistical questions: Dr. Kim Allcock Dr. L. Ben Bruce, Jessica Dhaemers, Scot Ferguson, Dr. George Fernandez, Kurt Jahn, Jacob Landmesser, Joe Toth, Ben Rau, and Alicia Reiner. Research was supported by the Nevada Arid Rangelands Initiative and the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 51 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 14 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD SEP PY 2008 VL 68 IS 3 BP 265 EP 277 DI 10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[265:EOASPB]2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 358SK UT WOS:000259937600001 ER PT J AU Miller, AT Hanson, MA Church, JO Palik, B Bowe, SE Butler, MG AF Miller, Anthony T. Hanson, Mark A. Church, James O. Palik, Brian Bowe, Shane E. Butler, Malcolm G. TI Invertebrate community variation in seasonal forest wetlands: Implications for sampling and analyses SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE aquatic invertebrates; indicator species analysis; principal components analysis; seasonal forest wetlands; temporal variability ID MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; PONDS; USA; MINNESOTA AB Using data sets from two separate studies, we assessed within-year variation in aquatic invertebrate communities in 31 seasonally flooded (seasonal) wetlands in aspen (Populus spp.) dominated forests in north central Minnesota. Principal components analysis (PCA) indicated that, in each case, three axes explained > 55% of variance in aquatic invertebrates, with the first axis strongly correlated with sampling date. Indicator species tests showed that this variation along axis I was largely due to shifts in abundance of crustaceans, Diptera and other insects, leeches, and other taxa. Temporal shifts in aquatic invertebrate community structure pose a major obstacle for ecological studies of aquatic invertebrates in seasonal forest wetlands and should receive more attention from investigators planning research in these and perhaps other wetland habitats. C1 [Miller, Anthony T.; Hanson, Mark A.; Church, James O.; Butler, Malcolm G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Hanson, Mark A.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Wetland Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA. [Church, James O.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Palik, Brian] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Bowe, Shane E.] Bemidji State Univ, Dept Biol, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA. RP Miller, AT (reprint author), Third Rock Consultants LLC, 2514 Regency Rd,Suite 104, Lexington, KY 40503 USA. EM mark.hanson@dnr.state.mn.us FU Northern Research Station; USDA Forest Service; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Fish and Wildlife; North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute FX Funding for this project was provided by the Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Fish and Wildlife, and the North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute through a graduate research fellowship to AT. Miller. We thank Potlach Corporation and Environmental Services Departments in Beltrami and Cass County, MN, for project coordination and access to wetlands used in this research. We also thank Brian Herwig, Jeffrey Lawrence, and three anonymous referees for helpful reviews of this manuscript. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD SEP PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 874 EP 881 DI 10.1672/07-58.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 341JX UT WOS:000258711600030 ER PT J AU Arjo, WM Joos, RE Kochanny, CO Harper, JL Nolte, DL Bergman, DL AF Arjo, Wendy M. Joos, Roger E. Kochanny, Christopher O. Harper, Julic L. Nolte, Dale L. Bergman, David L. TI Assessment of transmitter models to monitor beaver Castor canadensis and C. fiber populations SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arizona; beaver; Castor canadensis; tail-mount; radio transmitter; retention ID RADIO TRANSMITTERS; TIME BUDGETS; SETTLEMENT; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; PATTERNS AB Dispersal and long-term monitoring of beaver Castor canadensis and C. fiber populations has been hampered by the inability to retain external transmitters oil the animals and the limited range of internal transmitters. We tested several transmitter designs to develop an effective and reliable external transmitter for beavers. A modified ear-tag transmitter fitted with a plastic sleeve and attached to the tail was found efficacious in pen trials. We captured and tagged 31 beavers in Phoenix. Arizona, USA, to further test these modified ear-tag transmitters in the field. Retention of the sleeve transmitter averaged 343.5 days +/- 44.2 (SE), more than triple the time previously reported. The addition of neoprene washers to the Underside of the tail increased retention to 89%. Long-term monitoring of beaver populations may now be possible with increased retention of transmitters with the addition of neoprene washers. C1 [Arjo, Wendy M.; Harper, Julic L.] USDA, APHIS, WS, NWRC Olympia Field Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Joos, Roger E.; Bergman, David L.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Phoenix, AZ 85021 USA. [Kochanny, Christopher O.] Adv Telemetry Syst Inc, Isanti, MN 55040 USA. [Nolte, Dale L.] USDA, APHIS, WS, NWRC, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Arjo, WM (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, WS, NWRC Olympia Field Stn, 9730-B Lathrop Ind Dr SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM wendy.m.arjo@aphis.usda.gov; rejoos@fs.fed.us; kochannyc@sirtrack.com; julie.harper@aphis.usda.gov; dale.l.nolte@aphis.usda.gov; david.l.bergman@aphis.usda.gov RI Bergman, David/C-6874-2015 OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD SEP PY 2008 VL 14 IS 3 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.2981/0909-6396(2008)14[309:AOTMTM]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 365MC UT WOS:000260409700004 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, J Kaplan, F Ajredini, R Zachariah, C Alborn, HT Teal, PEA Malik, RU Edison, AS Sternberg, PW Schroeder, FC AF Srinivasan, Jagan Kaplan, Fatma Ajredini, Ramadan Zachariah, Cherian Alborn, Hans T. Teal, Peter E. A. Malik, Rabia U. Edison, Arthur S. Sternberg, Paul W. Schroeder, Frank C. TI A blend of small molecules regulates both mating and development in Caenorhabditis elegans SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID DAUER-INDUCING PHEROMONE; GENE; LONGEVITY; SEX AB In many organisms, population- density sensing and sexual attraction rely on small- molecule- based signalling systems(1,2). In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, population density is monitored through specific glycosides of the dideoxysugar ascarylose ( the 'ascarosides') that promote entry into an alternative larval stage, the non- feeding and highly persistent dauer stage(3,4). In addition, adult C. elegans males are attracted to hermaphrodites by a previously unidentified small- molecule signal(5,6). Here we show, by means of combinatorial activity- guided fractionation of the C. elegans metabolome, that the mating signal consists of a synergistic blend of three dauer- inducing ascarosides, which we call ascr#2, ascr#3 and ascr#4. This blend of ascarosides acts as a potent male attractant at very low concentrations, whereas at the higher concentrations required for dauer formation the compounds no longer attract males and instead deter hermaphrodites. The ascarosides ascr#2 and ascr# 3 carry different, but overlapping, information, as ascr# 3 is more potent as a male attractant than ascr#2 , whereas ascr# 2 is slightly more potent than ascr# 3 in promoting dauer formation(7). We demonstrate that ascr# 2, ascr# 3 and ascr# 4 are strongly synergistic, and that two types of neuron, the amphid single- ciliated sensory neuron type K ( ASK) and the male- specific cephalic companion neuron ( CEM), are required for male attraction by ascr#3. On the basis of these results, male attraction and dauer formation in C. elegans appear as alternative behavioural responses to a common set of signalling molecules. The ascaroside signalling system thus connects reproductive and developmental pathways and represents a unique example of structure- and concentration-dependent differential activity of signalling molecules. C1 [Srinivasan, Jagan; Sternberg, Paul W.] CALTECH, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Srinivasan, Jagan; Sternberg, Paul W.] CALTECH, Div Biol, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kaplan, Fatma; Ajredini, Ramadan; Zachariah, Cherian; Edison, Arthur S.] Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Kaplan, Fatma; Ajredini, Ramadan; Zachariah, Cherian; Edison, Arthur S.] Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Kaplan, Fatma; Ajredini, Ramadan; Zachariah, Cherian; Edison, Arthur S.] Univ Florida, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Alborn, Hans T.; Teal, Peter E. A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Malik, Rabia U.; Schroeder, Frank C.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sternberg, PW (reprint author), CALTECH, Howard Hughes Med Inst, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM art@mbi.ufl.edu; pws@caltech.edu; fs31@cornell.edu RI Schroeder, Frank/H-5026-2012; OI Sternberg, Paul/0000-0002-7699-0173; Schroeder, Frank/0000-0002-4420-0237 FU Human Frontiers Science Program; US National Institutes of Health [P41 GM079571]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX This work was supported by the Human Frontiers Science Program (A.S.E., P.W.S. and P.E.A.T.), a US National Institutes of Health grant (P41 GM079571) to F. C. S., and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, of which J. S. is an associate and P. W. S. an investigator. NMR data were collected in the UF-AMRIS facility; we thank J. Rocca for assistance. We thank E. Peden and D. Xue for the ceh-30 strains, C. J. Cronin and A. Choe for advice on behavioural assays, L. R. Baugh for liquid-culture dauer formation assays, B. Fox for assistance with the synthesis of ascr#2, ascr#3 and ascr#4, and M. de Bono, A. Dossey and M. Stadler for discussions. E. Hallem, J. Bungert and D. Hutchinson provided comments on the manuscript. NR 23 TC 146 Z9 156 U1 1 U2 44 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 28 PY 2008 VL 454 IS 7208 BP 1115 EP U46 DI 10.1038/nature07168 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 341MW UT WOS:000258719600037 PM 18650807 ER PT J AU Csordas, AI Delwiche, MJ Barak, JD AF Csordas, Andrew I. Delwiche, Michael J. Barak, Jeri D. TI Nucleic acid sensor and fluid handling for detection of bacterial pathogens SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Real-time PCR; SYBR Green; Pathogen detection; Embedded controller; Automated system; Food safety ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DNA AMPLIFICATION; IRRIGATION WATER; SALMONELLA; EXPRESSION; FOOD; BIOSENSORS; SYSTEMS; PROBES AB An embedded controller with a keypad user interface was used to operate a nucleic acid sensor with fluid handling and real-time PCR capabilities. The sensor system consisted of pumps and valves for fluid transfer, a fluorometer composed of a light emitting diode, photodiode, and signal conditioning circuitry, a thermoelectric module for heating and cooling the reaction chamber, and power switching circuitry. The amplification and dissociation results of the SYBR Green real-time PCR test were downloaded to a PC for evaluation. Extracted Salmonella DNA in autoclaved water was automatically mixed with real-time PCR reagents and loaded into a glass reaction chamber. Alternating positive and negative control reactions were run, and the Salmonella sample carrying line was automatically cleaned with a combination of reagents following each reaction. Evaluation of amplification, dissociation, and agarose gel electrophoresis data indicated that DNA carry-over contamination and inhibition of PCR by the cleaning reagents were not significant problems, and therefore it was possible to reuse the same sample carrying line between runs. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved, C1 [Csordas, Andrew I.; Delwiche, Michael J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Barak, Jeri D.] USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Delwiche, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mjdelwiche@ucdavis.edu FU USDA National Needs [5325-42000-040]; Western Institute for Food Safety and Security; International Life Sciences Institute FX The authors acknowledge the USDA National Needs Fellowship program, the Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, the International Life Sciences Institute, and USDA, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-040 for support of this research. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD AUG 28 PY 2008 VL 134 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2008.02.049 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 357ZI UT WOS:000259885500001 ER PT J AU Csordas, AT Delwiche, MJ Barak, JD AF Csordas, Andrew T. Delwiche, Michael J. Barak, Jeri D. TI Automatic detection of Salmonella enterica in sprout irrigation water using a nucleic acid sensor SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Sprout irrigation water; Reaction efficiency; Automated detection; Pathogen outbreak ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ALFALFA SPROUTS; AMPLIFICATION; ENRICHMENT; FILTRATION; STANDARD; PRIMERS; CURVES; CHIP AB A nucleic acid sensor capable of automated sample and reagent loading, real-time PCR, automated detection, and sample line cleaning was tested. Real-time PCR reactions were performed with Salmonella enterica in autoclaved and spent alfalfa sprout irrigation water. S. enterica boiled cells were detected over a range of approximately 10(4) to 10(8) CFU/reaction (rxn). It was possible to generate enough PCR product to visualize a band oil a gel at the expected size over approximately five orders of magnitude from 3.2 x 10(3) to 10(8) CFU/rxn. Automated detection experiments yielded correct identification of 9/9 positive control reactions over a range of 10(4) to 10(8) CFU/rxn, correctly identified a negative control reaction, and a sample of 3.2 x 10(3) CFU/rxn was incorrectly identified as negative. Primer dimers were not seen in positive or negative control reactions with sprout irrigation water, suggesting that it may be possible to improve the detection limit simply by increasing the number of thermal cycles or by lowering the annealing temperature. The system required no interpretation of real-time PCR data by the operator. The entire process of loading, running the PCR, automated data interpretation, and sample line cleaning was completed in under 2 h and 20 min, significantly faster than it would take to ship a sample and have it tested by an independent laboratory. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Csordas, Andrew T.; Delwiche, Michael J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Barak, Jeri D.] USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. RP Delwiche, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mjdelwiche@ucdavis.edu FU USDA National Needs [5325-42000-040-00D]; Western Institute for Food Safety and Security; International Life Sciences Institute FX We acknowledge the USDA National Needs Fellowship Program, the Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, the International Life Sciences Institute, and USDA, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-42000-040-00D for support of this research. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD AUG 28 PY 2008 VL 134 IS 1 BP 9 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2008.05.020 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 357ZI UT WOS:000259885500002 ER PT J AU Jin, F Cheng, Z Rutzke, MA Welch, RM Glahn, RP AF Jin, Fuxia Cheng, Zhiqiang Rutzke, Michael A. Welch, Ross M. Glahn, Raymond P. TI Extrinsic labeling method may not accurately measure Fe absorption from cooked pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris): Comparison of extrinsic and intrinsic labeling of beans SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE extrinsic labeling; intrinsic labeling; beans; Fe bioavailability; in vitro ID FOOD IRON-ABSORPTION; ISOTOPIC-EXCHANGE; CACO-2 CELL; BIOAVAILABILITY; PREDICTS; MAIZE; SALT; TAG AB Isotopic labeling of food has been widely used for the measurement of Fe absorption in determining requirements and evaluating the factors involved in Fe bioavailability. An extrinsic labeling technique will not accurately predict the total Fe absorption from foods unless complete isotopic exchange takes place between an extrinsically added isotope label and the intrinsic Fe of the food. We examined isotopic exchange in the case of both white beans and colored beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) with an in vitro digestion model. There are significant differences in Fe-56/Fe-56 ratios between the sample digest supernatant and the pellet of extrinsically labeled pinto bean. The white bean digest shows significantly better equilibration of the extrinsic Fe-58 with the intrinsic Fe-56. In contrast to the extrinsically labeled samples, both white and red beans labeled intrinsically with Fe-58 demonstrated consistent ratios of Fe-58/Fe-56 in the bean meal, digest, supernatant, and pellet. It is possible that the polyphenolics in the bean seed coat may bind Fe and thus interfere with extrinsic labeling of the bean meals. These observations raise questions on the accuracy of studies that used extrinsic tags to measure Fe absorption from beans. Intrinsic labeling appears necessary to accurately measure Fe bioavailability from beans. C1 [Jin, Fuxia; Cheng, Zhiqiang; Rutzke, Michael A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jin, Fuxia; Cheng, Zhiqiang; Rutzke, Michael A.; Welch, Ross M.; Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, Robert W Hoolley Ctr Hlth & Agr, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Jin, F (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Chem, Enol Viticulture & Nat Prod Lab, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM jinf@appstate.edu RI Welch, Ross/B-9697-2011 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 6881 EP 6885 DI 10.1021/jf800658s PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700015 PM 18620404 ER PT J AU Shakya, R Navarre, DA AF Shakya, Roshani Navarre, Duroy A. TI LC-MS analysis of solanidane glycoalkaloid diversity among tubers of four wild potato species and three cultivars (Solanum tuberosum) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE glycoalkaloids; potatoes; wild species; secondary metabolites; Solanum tuberosum; disease resistance ID LATE-BLIGHT RESISTANCE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TOMATO GLYCOALKALOIDS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLANT; EXPRESSION; GENE; GLUCOSYLTRANSFERASE; PINNATISECTUM; BULBOCASTANUM AB Secondary metabolites in potato tubers include both phytonutrients and plant defense compounds. The extent these small molecules vary among different potato genotypes is not well characterized. LC-MS analysis of tuber extracts from seven potato genotypes showed that one large source of small molecule variation is the glycoalkaloids. Glycoalkaloids are involved in the resistance of potatoes to pathogens and pests, but they also have implications for human health and nutrition. This study focused on glycoalkaloids with solanidane or solanidane-like aglycones, of which over 50 were tentatively identified, many of which appeared to be novel glycoalkaloids. Results suggested the variety of glycoalkaloids in potatoes is considerably greater than previously thought. Dissecting the role of these many glycoalkaloids in human health or pest and pathogen resistance will be a formidable undertaking. C1 [Navarre, Duroy A.] Washington State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Shakya, Roshani] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 6949 EP 6958 DI 10.1021/jf8006618 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700026 PM 18616273 ER PT J AU Sessa, DJ Mohamed, A Byars, JA AF Sessa, David J. Mohamed, Abdellatif Byars, Jeffrey A. TI Chemistry and physical properties of melt-processed and solution-cross-linked corn zein SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE cross-linking; proteins; reaction chemistry; mechanical properties; thermal properties ID GLASS-TRANSITION; GLUTARALDEHYDE; PROTEINS; LINKING; FILMS; FORMALDEHYDE; MECHANISM; GLUTEN; STATE; WHEAT AB Corn zein was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GDA) using glacial acetic acid (HAc) as catalyst. The objectives are to evaluate the swelling characteristics of GDA cross-linked zein gels in water, ethanol, and their combinations. Similar formulations, upon solvent evaporation, form films. The mechanical properties of the films are compared to compression molded tensile bars from GDA melt-processed zein as a second objective. Chemistry of the cross-linking reaction was based on the aldehyde binding characteristics defined by use of fluorescence spectroscopy; sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) to demonstrate the cross-linking reaction; FTIR to observe absorption differences of the cross-linked product; differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis to assess thermal properties; and the use of Instron Universal Testing Machine to evaluate mechanical properties. A reaction mechanism for acid catalyzed GDA cross-linking of zein is proposed. Thermal and mechanical properties of tensile bars cut from either film or formed by compression molding were similar, where both showed increased tensile strengths, ductility and stiffness when compared with unmodified controls. Samples that were reacted with 8% GDA by weight based on weight of zein from either process retained their integrity when tensile bars from each were subjected to boiling water for 10 min or soaking in either water or HAc for 24 h. The melt-processed, crosslinked zein is a more environmentally friendly method that would eliminate the need for HAc recovery. C1 [Sessa, David J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Mohamed, Abdellatif; Byars, Jeffrey A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Sessa, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM David.Sessa@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7067 EP 7075 DI 10.1021/jf800712k PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700041 PM 18636736 ER PT J AU Zheng, W Yates, SR Papiernik, SK AF Zheng, Wei Yates, Scott R. Papiernik, Sharon K. TI Transformation kinetics and mechanism of the sulfonylurea herbicides pyrazosulfuron ethyl and halosulfuron methyl in aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE sulfonylurea; pyrazosulfuron ethyl; halosulfuron methyl; cyclodextrin; hydrolysis ID HYDROLYSIS MECHANISM; BENSULFURON-METHYL; METSULFURON-METHYL; DEGRADATION; CHLORSULFURON; TRIASULFURON; RIMSULFURON; MINERALS; CLEAVAGE; WATER AB Pyrazosulfuron ethyl (PE) and halosulfuron methyl (HM) are two new highly active sulfonylurea herbicides that have been widely used for weed control in a variety of vegetables and other crops. These two herbicides have similar molecular structures, differing only in the substitutions on the pyrazole ring. Chemical hydrolysis is a primary process affecting the environmental fate of sulfonylurea pesticides. The hydrolytic transformation kinetics of PE and HM were investigated as a function of pH and temperature. For both herbicides, the hydrolysis rate was pH-dependent and increased with increasing temperature. The hydrolysis of both sulfonylureas was much faster in acidic or basic media than under neutral conditions. Identification of hydrolytic products by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) suggested that both PE and HM were subject to cleavage and contraction of the sulfonylurea bridge. The hydrolysis rate of HM was significantly higher than that of PE in alkaline solutions, despite their structural similarity. A chlorine substitution on HM's pyrazole ring makes HM more susceptible to bridge contraction than PE under basic conditions. The hydrolysis of HM and PE was relatively unaffected by the presence of cyclic oligosaccharides (cyclodextrins), indicating that natural OH-containing organic compounds occurring in aquatic environments may have little impact on the transformation of these sulfonylurea herbicides. C1 [Zheng, Wei; Yates, Scott R.] Agr Res Serv, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Zheng, Wei] Illinois Waste Management & Res Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Papiernik, Sharon K.] Agr Res Serv, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Yates, SR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, US Salin Lab, USDA, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM scott.yates@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7367 EP 7372 DI 10.1021/jf800899e PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700084 PM 18651743 ER PT J AU Woodrow, JE Seiber, JN LeNoir, JS Krieger, RI AF Woodrow, James E. Seiber, James N. LeNoir, James S. Krieger, Robert I. TI Determination of methyl isothiocyanate in air downwind of fields treated with metam-sodium by subsurface drip irrigation SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE metam-sodium; MITC; atmosphere; vapor sampling; exposure ID SOIL FUMIGANTS; CHARCOAL; BROMIDE; FLUX; METHYLISOTHIOCYANATE; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; VOLATILIZATION; CHEMIGATION; PHOTOLYSIS; EMISSION AB Air concentrations of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) were determined near two fields treated with metam-sodium (MS) by subsurface drip irrigation. The two study fields showed measurable airborne MITC residues during application of MS and for periods up to 48 h postapplication. Using a Gaussian plume dispersion model, flux values were estimated for all of the sampling periods. On the basis of the flux estimates, the amount of MITC that volatilized within the 48 h period was about 1.4% of the applied material. Compared to other studies, MITC residues in air measured during application by subsurface drip irrigation were up to four orders-of-magnitude lower than those previously published for applications involving delivery through surface irrigation water. Our measured concentrations of MITC in field air were at levels below current regulatory guidance and thresholds for adverse human health effects. C1 [Woodrow, James E.; LeNoir, James S.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Seiber, James N.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Krieger, Robert I.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Personal Chem Exposure Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Woodrow, JE (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM jwoodrow@unr.nevada.edu FU Metam-Sodium Task Force FX This study was supported by funds from the Metam-Sodium Task Force. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7373 EP 7378 DI 10.1021/jf801145v PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700085 PM 18680300 ER PT J AU DuPont, FA Samoil, V Chan, R AF DuPont, Frances A. Samoil, Vitalie Chan, Ronald TI Extraction of up to 95% of wheat (Triticum aestivum) flour protein using warm sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) without reduction or sonication SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE flour quality; fractionation; glutenin; gliadin; HPLC; polymer ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION; LASER-LIGHT SCATTERING; SIZE-EXCLUSION HPLC; GRAIN DEVELOPMENT; POLYMERIC PROTEIN; STORAGE PROTEINS; GLUTEN PROTEINS; SPRING WHEAT; QUALITY; GLIADIN AB Extraction of glutenin polymers without sonication is an essential prerequisite for accurate determination of their composition and molecular size distribution. Sequential fractionation of wheat flour with 0.1 M KCI and 0.25% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SIDS) at 21 degrees C and 2% SIDS at 60 degrees C extracted up to 95% of total protein. We propose that 2% SDS at 60 degrees C disrupts hydrogen bonds in glutenin and gliadin aggregates, reduces hydrophobic interactions, and facilitates solubilization. Analysis by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC), reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC, and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) revealed that partitioning of gliadins and glutenins among the extracts differed for two flours with good baking quality (Butte 86 and Jagger) and one with poor baking quality (Chinese Spring). More gliadin was associated with the 0.25% SIDS extract for Chinese Spring, whereas more gliadin was associated with the 2% SIDS extract for Butte 86 and Jagger. Unextractable glutenin polymer was only 4-5% of total protein for Butte 86 and Chinese Spring and 14% for Jagger. C1 [DuPont, Frances A.; Chan, Ronald] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Samoil, Vitalie] Moldavian Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol & Biotechnol, MD-2028 Kishinev, Moldova. RP DuPont, FA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM frances.dupont@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [5325-43000-026-00D] FX Funding is from USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS PROJECT 5325-43000-026-00D. The research described in this paper was also made possible in part by Award MTFP-012/05 Follow-On Award of the Moldovan Research and Development Association (MRDA) and the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the MRDA or CRDF. Mention of a specific product name by the USDA does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7431 EP 7438 DI 10.1021/jf800776b PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700095 PM 18616274 ER PT J AU Ullah, AHJ Sethumadhavan, K Mullaney, EJ AF Ullah, Abul H. J. Sethumadhavan, Kandan Mullaney, Edward J. TI Kinetic characterization of O-phospho-L-tyrosine phosphohydrolase activity of two fungal phytases SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phytase; PTPase; phosphohydrolase; phosphomonoesterase; histidine acid phosphatase ID ASPERGILLUS-FICUUM PHYTASE; OPTIMUM ACID-PHOSPHATASE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NIGER; PURIFICATION; CLONING; SEQUENCE AB Fungal phytases belonging to "histidine acid phosphatase" or HAP class of phosphohydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of phytic acid could also hydrolyze O-phospho-L-tyrosine, which is also called phosphotyrosine. Two phytases from Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus awamori with pH optima 2.5 were tested for phosphotyrosine hydrolase activity; both enzymes cleaved the phosphomonoester bond of phosphotyrosine efficiently at acidic pH. The Km for phosphotyrosine ranged from 465 to 590,mu M as opposed to 135 to 160 mu M for phytate. The V(max), however, is 2-4 times higher for phosphotyrosine than it is for phytate. The catalytic efficiency of phytase for phosphotyrosine is on the same order as it is for phytate (3.5 x 10(6) to 1.6 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1)); the pH versus activity profile for phosphotyrosine is, however, different from what it is for phytate. The temperature optima shifted 5 degrees C higher to 70 degrees C when phosphotyrosine was used as the substrate. Taken together, the kinetic data show that fungal HAPs that are known as PhyB are capable of cleaving the phosphomonoester bond in phosphotyrosine. This is the first time that phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity has been reported for the subgroup of HAP known as phylase. C1 [Ullah, Abul H. J.; Sethumadhavan, Kandan; Mullaney, Edward J.] ARS, USDA, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Ullah, AHJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM abul.ullah@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7467 EP 7471 DI 10.1021/jf800597f PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700100 PM 18627164 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Accinelli, C Zablotowicz, RM Abel, CA Bruns, HA Dong, YH Shier, WT AF Abbas, Hamed K. Accinelli, Cesare Zablotowicz, Robert M. Abel, Craig A. Bruns, H. Arnold Dong, Yanhong Shier, W. Thomas TI Dynamics of mycotoxin and Aspergillus flavus levels in aging Bt and non-Bt corn residues under Mississippi no-till conditions SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; Bt-corn; crop residues; cyclopiazonic acid; fumonisin; zearalenone; trichothecenes ID ZEA-MAYS HYBRIDS; FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION; UNITED-STATES; AFLATOXIN; FUSARIUM; SOIL; MAIZE; DEOXYNIVALENOL; ZEARALENONE; IMPACTS AB Mycotoxin and Aspergillus flavus levels in soil-surface corn debris left by no-till agriculture methods (stover, cobs, and cobs with grain) were determined during the December-March fallow period for near-isogenic Bt and non-Bt hybrid corn. By December, average mycotoxin levels in non-Bt corn were many times higher in cobs with grain than in grain harvested in September (total aflatoxins, 774 vs 211 ng/g; total fumonisins, 216 vs 3.5 mu g/g; cycloplazonic acid, 4102 vs 72.2 mu g/g; zearalenone, 0.2 vs < 0.1 mu g/g). No trichothecenes were detected. Levels of mycotoxins and A. flavus propagules were similar to 10- to 50-fold lower in cobs without grain and stover, respectively, for all mycotoxins except zearalenone. Mycotoxin levels in corn debris fractions decreased during winter but began to rise in March. Levels of all mycotoxins and A. flavus propagules were lower in harvested grain and debris from Bt than non-Bt corn, but differences were significant (p < 0.05) only for aflatoxins. C1 [Abbas, Hamed K.; Bruns, H. Arnold] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Accinelli, Cesare] Univ Bologna, Dept Agroenvironm Sci & Technol, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Zablotowicz, Robert M.] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, Craig A.] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Shier, W. Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, Coll Food Agr & Nat Resource Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Hamed.Abbas@ars.usda.gov RI Accinelli, Cesare/A-4857-2008; OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998; Accinelli, Cesare/0000-0001-8200-0108 NR 58 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 27 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 16 BP 7578 EP 7585 DI 10.1021/jf801771a PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 340GI UT WOS:000258633700116 PM 18642924 ER PT J AU Troen, AM Shea-Budgell, M Shukitt-Hale, B Smith, DE Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH AF Troen, Aron M. Shea-Budgell, Melissa Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Smith, Donald E. Selhub, Jacob Rosenberg, Irwin H. TI B-vitamin deficiency causes hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular cognitive impairment in mice SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular; homocysteine; mouse; nutrition ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORTER DENSITIES; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; WATER MAZE; AGED RATS; REACTIVE MICROGLIOSIS; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; HOMOCYSTEINE AB In older adults, mildly elevated plasma total homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, cerebrovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease, but it is uncertain whether this is due to underlying metabolic, neurotoxic, or vascular processes. We report here that feeding male C57BL6/J mice a B-vitamin-deficient diet for 10 weeks induced hyperhomocysteinemia, significantly impaired spatial learning and memory, and caused a significant rarefaction of hippocampal microvasculature without concomitant gliosis and neurodegeneration. Total hippocampal capillary length was inversely correlated with Morris water maze escape latencies (r = -0.757, P < 0.001), and with plasma total homocysteine (r = -0.631, P = 0.007). Feeding mice a methionine-rich diet produced similar but less pronounced effects. Our findings suggest that cerebral microvascular rarefaction can cause cognitive dysfunction in the absence of or preceding neurodegeneration. Similar microvascular changes may mediate the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with human age-related cognitive decline. C1 [Troen, Aron M.; Shea-Budgell, Melissa; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Smith, Donald E.; Selhub, Jacob; Rosenberg, Irwin H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Troen, AM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM aron.troen@tufts.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement [58-1950-9-001] FX We thank Ms. Laura Burns for technical assistance with the behavioral experiments. This project was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement 58-1950-9-001. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 58 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 26 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 34 BP 12474 EP 12479 DI 10.1073/pnas.0805350105 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 344DJ UT WOS:000258905700068 PM 18711131 ER PT J AU Woodley, NE Arnaud, PH AF Woodley, Norman E. Arnaud, Paul H., Jr. TI Eulobomyia, a new replacement name for Lobomyia Woodley & Arnaud (Diptera : Tachinidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Letter C1 [Woodley, Norman E.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Arnaud, Paul H., Jr.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. RP Woodley, NE (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Smithsonian Inst NHB-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM norman.woodley@ars.usda.gov; parnaud@calacademy.org RI Woodley, Norman/M-6160-2014 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 25 PY 2008 IS 1856 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 340JF UT WOS:000258641200006 ER PT J AU Mastovska, K Lightfield, AR AF Mastovska, Katerina Lightfield, Alan R. TI Streamlining methodology for the multiresidue analysis of beta-lactam antibiotics in bovine kidney using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE antibiotics; beta-lactams; penicillins; cephalosporins; stability; degradation; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; sample preparation ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; RESIDUE ANALYSIS; FOOD MATRICES; LC-MS/MS; MILK; TISSUES; MUSCLE; CONFIRMATION; CEFTIOFUR AB A previously reported multiresidue method for the analysis of 11 important beta-lactams (amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, cephalexin, cloxacillin, desfuroylceftiofur cysteine disulfide (DCCD), deacetylcephapirin, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, and penicillin G) in bovine kidney has been further streamlined. The method is based on a simple extraction using acetonitrile-water (4:1, v/v), followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction clean-up with C-18 sorbent, concentration of an extract aliquot, and filtration of the final extracts using syringeless filter vials, which are used for the sample introduction in the liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The recoveries have been improved by adding the internal standard [C-13(6)]sulfamethazine to the homogenized sample before the extraction step, which enabled a proper control of the volume changes during the sample preparation. Average recoveries of fortified samples were 87-103% for all beta-lactams, except for DCCD, which had an average recovery of 60%. Based on the results of the stability study and LC mobile phase tests, methanol has been eliminated from the entire method, including the LC-MS/MS analysis. The best overall LC-MS/MS(electrospray positive ionization) performance was achieved by using 0.1% formic acid as an additive in both parts of the mobile phase, in water and in acetonitrile. To prevent carry-over in the LC-MS/MS analysis, the LC method was divided into two parts: one serving as an analytical method for injection of the sample and elution of the analytes and the other one, starting at a highly organic mobile phase composition, being dedicated for injection of a solvent, washing of the system, and equilibration of the column to the initial conditions of the analytical method. In this way, a blank solvent is injected after each sample, but these in-between injections contribute minimally to the overall sample throughput. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mastovska, Katerina; Lightfield, Alan R.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mastovska, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM katerina.mastovska@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 22 PY 2008 VL 1202 IS 2 BP 118 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.009 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 341EK UT WOS:000258696800002 PM 18656204 ER PT J AU Schaberg, PG DeHayes, DH Hawley, GJ Nijensohn, SE AF Schaberg, Paul G. DeHayes, Donald H. Hawley, Gary J. Nijensohn, Samuel E. TI Anthropogenic alterations of genetic diversity within tree populations: Implications for forest ecosystem resilience SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE ecosystem resilience; natural selection; silvicultural management; genetic structure; rare alleles ID EASTERN WHITE-PINE; EUROPEAN SILVER FIR; SCOTS PINE; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; NORWAY SPRUCE; DEMOGRAPHIC-STRUCTURE; 2-GENERATION ANALYSIS; REPRODUCTIVE FITNESS; POLLEN MOVEMENT; PONDEROSA PINE AB Healthy forests provide many of the essential ecosystem services upon which all life depends. Genetic diversity is an essential component of long-term forest health because it provides a basis for adaptation and resilience to environmental stress and change. In addition to natural processes, numerous anthropogenic factors deplete forest genetic resources. Genetic losses could be particularly consequential now because robust resilience is needed to respond to a growing number, variety, and frequency of stress exposures. Silvicultural management that selectively removes trees (and their genes) from forests may be another force reshaping forest gene pools. Although data concerning the influence of silvicultural management on genetic resources in temperate forests is somewhat mixed, through the genetic assessment of long-term silvicultural treatments within an eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) forest, and computer-based simulated harvests of a genetically mapped eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) stand, we found that the selective removal of trees can alter gene frequencies. Due to an association with phenotypic characteristics used to guide harvests, the frequencies of rare alleles appeared particularly vulnerable to manipulation. Depending on the selection criteria used, rare allele frequencies either remained steady, decreased, or increased relative to study controls. Although harvest-associated genetic losses are possible, our data suggests that management can also sustain or enhance genetic richness. Similar to studies within temperate ecosystems, recent research in tropical forests underscores the potential influence of. harvesting on the genetics of tree populations. in addition to efforts to reduce controllable sources of ecosystem stress (e.g., high pollutant exposures), management options should be evaluated that may bolster forest ecosystem resilience by preserving levels of genetic diversity within forests. C1 [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [DeHayes, Donald H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Hawley, Gary J.; Nijensohn, Samuel E.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us FU Cooperative agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program FX We thank Paula F. Murakami for her help with this research. We also thank Peter Brang (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland), Marta Ceroni (Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA), John Major (Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, NB, Canada) and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions regarding an earlier draft of this manuscript. The research described in this paper was supported in part by a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program NR 81 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 20 PY 2008 VL 256 IS 5 BP 855 EP 862 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.038 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 350XZ UT WOS:000259388400001 ER PT J AU Lain, EJ Haney, A Burris, JM Burton, J AF Lain, Emily J. Haney, Alan Burris, John M. Burton, Julia TI Response of vegetation and birds to severe wind disturbance and salvage logging in a southern boreal forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE wind disturbance; windthrow; salvage logging; community structure; bird diversity ID NORTH-AMERICAN FORESTS; CATASTROPHIC WIND; EXPERIMENTAL HURRICANE; POSTFIRE SALVAGE; HARDWOOD FOREST; FIRE REGIMES; PINE FOREST; COMMUNITIES; WILDFIRE; BLOWDOWN AB Vegetation and birds were inventoried on the same plot before and after a severe windstorm in 1999 disturbed a mature black spruce (Picea mariana)-jack pine (Pinus banksiana) forest in northern Minnesota. Following the storm, another plot was established in an adjacent portion of the forest that was salvage-logged. Birds were inventoried on both plots through 2002. The original unsalvaged plot was prescribed-burned in 2004, but vegetation was surveyed through 2003, and through 2005 on the salvaged plot. We examined the effects of wind disturbance by comparing the pre-storm bird and vegetation communities with those developing afterwards through 2002 and 2003, respectively, and the effects of salvage logging by comparing vegetation and the bird community on the unsalvaged plot with those in the salvaged area. Wind reduced the canopy of the forest by over 90% with a temporary increase in the shrub layer, mostly resulting from tip-ups. Several plant species, including jack pine and beaked hazel (Corylus americana), appeared temporarily in the ground layer (<1 m height), but did not persist through 2003. Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) root sprouts were abundant in 2001, but decreased dramatically by 2003. Delayed mortality of tipped trees resulted in reduction of the shrub layer to pre-storm levels, and release of advanced regeneration black spruce and balsam fir (Abies balsamea). Bird species using the forest changed from dominance by canopy-foraging species to ground-brush foraging species, with an overall increase in bird diversity. Salvage logging resulted in significant reduction in coarse woody debris, and successful recruitment of jack pine seedlings. Quaking aspen sprouts were nearly 30 times more abundant in the salvage-logged area compared to the unsalvaged control. Ruderal species, especially red raspberry (Rubus ideaus), fringed bindweed (Polygonum cilinode), and several sedges (Carex spp.), were significantly more abundant after salvage logging. The bird community, on the other hand, was greatly diminished by salvage logging, with a reduction in diversity, density, and overall richness of species. C1 [Burris, John M.] USDA, Wisconsin Rapids, WI 54495 USA. [Lain, Emily J.; Haney, Alan; Burton, Julia] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. RP Burris, JM (reprint author), USDA, 350 1st Ave S, Wisconsin Rapids, WI 54495 USA. EM John.M.Burris@gmail.com RI Burton, Julia/C-8395-2009 OI Burton, Julia/0000-0002-3205-8819 NR 55 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 20 PY 2008 VL 256 IS 5 BP 863 EP 871 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.018 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 350XZ UT WOS:000259388400002 ER PT J AU Pabst, RJ Goslin, MN Garman, SL Spies, TA AF Pabst, Robert J. Goslin, Matthew N. Garman, Steven L. Spies, Thomas A. TI Calibrating and testing a gap model for simulating forest management in the Oregon Coast Range SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE stand modeling; tree growth; tree mortality; gap model; forest management; Douglas-fir ID TSUGA-HETEROPHYLLA FOREST; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; PICEA-SITCHENSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE/; GROWTH-MODELS; LEAF-AREA; BIOMASS; MORTALITY; TEMPERATURE; SUCCESSION AB The complex mix of economic and ecological objectives facing today's forest managers necessitates the development of growth models with a capacity for simulating a wide range of forest conditions while producing outputs useful for economic analyses. We calibrated the gap model ZELIG to simulate stand-level forest development in the Oregon Coast Range as part of a landscape-scale assessment of different forest management strategies. Our goal was to incorporate the predictive ability of an empirical model with the flexibility of a forest succession model. We emphasized the development of commercial-aged stands of Douglas-fir, the dominant tree species in the study area and primary source of timber. In addition, we judged that the ecological approach of ZELIG would be robust to the variety of other forest conditions and practices encountered in the Coast Range, including mixed-species stands, small-scale gap formation, innovative silvicultural methods, and reserve areas where forests grow unmanaged for long periods of time. We parameterized the model to distinguish forest development among two ecoregions, three forest types and two site productivity classes using three data sources: chronosequences of forest inventory data, long-term research data, and simulations from an empirical growth-and-yield model. The calibrated model was tested with independent, long-term measurements from 11 Douglas-fir plots (6 unthinned, 5 thinned), 3 spruce-hemlock plots, and 1 red alder plot. ZELIG closely approximated developmental trajectories of basal area and large trees in the Douglas-fir plots. Differences between simulated and observed conifer basal area for these plots ranged from -2.6 to 2.4 m(2)/ha; differences in the number of trees/ha >= 50 cm dbh ranged from -8.8 to 7.3 tph. Achieving these results required the use of a diameter-growth multiplier, suggesting some underlying constraints on tree growth such as the temperature response function. ZELIG also tended to overestimate regeneration of shade-tolerant trees and underestimate total tree density (i.e., higher rates of tree mortality). However, comparisons with the chronosequences of forest inventory data indicated that the simulated data are within the range of variability observed in the Coast Range. Further exploration and improvement of ZELIG is warranted in three key areas: (1) modeling rapid rates of conifer tree growth without the need for a diameter-growth multiplier; (2) understanding and remedying rates of tree mortality that were higher than those observed in the independent data; and (3) improving the tree regeneration module to account for competition with understory vegetation. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pabst, Robert J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Goslin, Matthew N.] Ecotrust, Portland, OR USA. [Garman, Steven L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Spies, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Pabst, RJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Richardson Hall 321, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rob.pabst@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; National Commission on Science for Sustainable Forestry; USDI Bureau of Land Management FX Funding for this project was provided by the Coastal Landscape Analysis and Modeling Project of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, the National Commission on Science for Sustainable Forestry, and the USDI Bureau of Land Management. We thank Dr. Robert Monserud of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, and two anonymous reviewers, for their constructive comments on earlier drafts. NR 68 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 20 PY 2008 VL 256 IS 5 BP 958 EP 972 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.046 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 350XZ UT WOS:000259388400012 ER PT J AU Alexander, HD Arthur, MA Loftis, DL Green, SR AF Alexander, Heather D. Arthur, Mary A. Loftis, David L. Green, Stephanie R. TI Survival and growth of upland oak and co-occurring competitor seedlings following single and repeated prescribed fires SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE oak; red maple; sassafras; prescribed fire; understory light; oak regeneration ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; RED OAK; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; ADVANCE REGENERATION; CUMBERLAND PLATEAU; HARDWOOD FOREST; WHITE OAK; STANDS; QUERCUS; ROOT AB Studies within and outside the U.S. indicate recurring oak (Quercus spp.) regeneration problems. In deciduous forests of the eastern U.S., a prevailing explanation for this trend is fire suppression leading to high competitor abundance and low understory light. In response, prescribed fire is increasingly used as a management tool to remedy these conditions and encourage future oak establishment and growth. Within eastern Kentucky, we implemented single and repeated (3 x) prescribed fires over a 6-yr period (2002-2007). Pre- and post-burn, we quantified canopy cover and oak seedling survival and growth compared to other woody seedlings deemed potential competitors, primarily red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and sassafras (Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees.). Burning temporarily decreased canopy cover 3-10%, but cover rebounded the subsequent growing season. Repeated burning ultimately produced canopy cover about 6% lower than sites unburned and burned once, suggesting a cumulative effect on understory light. Red maple exhibited low survival (similar to 40%) following single and repeated burns, but growth remained similar to unburned seedlings. Burning had little impact on sassafras survival and led to total height and basal diameters 2x greater than unburned seedlings. A single burn had no impact on red oak (Erythrobalanus spp.) survival and increased height and basal diameters 25-30%, but this positive growth response was driven by seedlings on several plots which experienced high burn temperatures and consequently high overstory mortality. White oaks (Leucobalanus spp.), however, exhibited twice as high mortality compared to those unburned, with no change in growth parameters. Repeated burning negatively impacted survival and growth of both oak groups compared to unburned seedlings. With both burn regimes, oaks with smaller pre-burn basal diameters exhibited the lowest post-burn survival. Thus, despite the ability of prescribed burns to temporarily increase understory light and reduce red maple survival, neither single or repeated burns placed oaks in an improved competitive position. These findings result from a combination of highly variable yet interdependent factors including the (1) life history traits of oaks compared to their co-occurring competitors, (2) pre-burn stature of pre-existing oak seedlings, and (3) variability in fire temperature and effects on understory light. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Alexander, Heather D.; Arthur, Mary A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Loftis, David L.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. [Green, Stephanie R.] SW Florida Water Management Dist, Bartow, FL 33830 USA. RP Alexander, HD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, TP Cooper Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM heather.alexander@uky.edu; marthur@uky.edu; dloftis@fs.fed.us; Stephanie.Green@swfwmd.state.fl.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [01-3-3-14, 04-2-1-06]; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station [#08-09-064] FX This research was supported by the Joint Fire Science Program (01-3-3-14, 04-2-1-06). Thanks to the many people who assisted with field and laboratory work, and especially to Jessi Lyons, Jake Royse, Millie Hamilton, Liz Loucks, and Autumn Foushee. We are also grateful to our USDA Forest Service collaborators, including Rex Mann, Jeff Lewis, EJ Bunzendahl, and David Manner. Three anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This study (#08-09-064) is connected with a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 48 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 7 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 20 PY 2008 VL 256 IS 5 BP 1021 EP 1030 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.004 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 350XZ UT WOS:000259388400019 ER PT J AU Gandhi, KJK Gilmore, DW Katovich, SA Mattson, WJ Zasada, JC Seybold, SJ AF Gandhi, Kamal J. K. Gilmore, Daniel W. Katovich, Steven A. Mattson, William J. Zasada, John C. Seybold, Steven J. TI Catastrophic windstorm and fuel-reduction treatments alter ground beetle (Coleoptera : Carabidae) assemblages in a North American sub-boreal forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE biodiversity; carabidae; forest management; ground beetles; invasive species; pitfall trapping; prescribed-fire; Pterostichus melanarius; salvage-logging; silviculture; wind disturbance ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; PITFALL TRAPS; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; HARDWOOD FORESTS; FIRE RESIDUALS; UNITED-STATES; CLEAR-CUT; MINNESOTA; HABITAT AB We studied the short-term effects of a catastrophic windstorm and subsequent salvage-logging and prescribed-burning fuel-reduction treatments on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a sub-boreal forestin northeastern Minnesota, USA. During 2000-2003,29,873 ground beetles represented by 71 species were caught in unbaited and baited pitfall traps in aspen/birch/conifer (ABC) and jack pine UP) cover types. At the family level, both land-area treatment and cover type had significant effects on ground beetle trap catches, but there were no effects of pinenes and ethanol as baits. Six times more beetles were trapped in the burned forests than in the other land-area treatments; more beetles were caught in undisturbed than in wind-disturbed sites, and one-third more beetles were caught in the ABC than in the JP cover type. Thus, the windstorm generally reduced the activity-abundance of the beetles, but prescribed-burning increased it. Both salvaged and burned forest plots (especially in the ABC cover type) had the greatest species richness, diversity, and the most unique species assemblages. There was a highly similar ground beetle species composition (nearly 100%) between the ABC and JP burned forests, indicating that burning was a more primary driver of composition than cover type. At the species level. Pterostichus melanarius, an invasive ground beetle from Europe and a cover type generalist, was the most abundant beetle in the study (one-third of the total catch), and was caught in greatest numbers in burned forests. Removal of P. melanarius from the species composition analyses altered similarities among cover types and land-area treatments. Sphaeroderus nitidicollis brevoorti and Myas cyanescens were caught exclusively in the ABC and JP cover type, respectively; two rare pyrophilous species, Sericoda obsoleta and Sericoda quadripunctata, were only caught in burned sites; three forest species, Pterostichus coracinus, P. pensylvanicus, and Sphaeroderus lecontei, were caught more often in undisturbed JP sites; and two frequently trapped, open-habitat species, Agonum cupripenne and Poecilus l. lucublandus, were nearly absent from the undisturbed and wind-disturbed sites, as salvage-logging had a significant positive effect on their activity-abundance. Most species of Amara and Harpalus were trapped only in the salvaged or burned sites, indicating invasion ofthese disturbed sites by open-habitat species. We conclude that both the combined effect of fuel-reduction activities subsequent to the wind event and the numerical response of the invasive P. melanarius to habitat disturbances can alter the short-term succession of ground beetle assemblages in the sub-boreal forest. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gandhi, Kamal J. K.; Seybold, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Gandhi, Kamal J. K.; Gilmore, Daniel W.; Seybold, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Katovich, Steven A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Mattson, William J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Zasada, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Seybold, SJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 720 Olive Dr,Suite D, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sseybold@fs.fed.us RI Gandhi, Kamal/B-4495-2009 FU Departments of Entomology and Forest Resources; 2001 and 2004 Dayton Natural History Fund, Bell Museum of Natural History; the 2002 Carolyn M. Crosby Graduate School Fellowship; the 2003 Alexander P. and Lydia Anderson Graduate School Fellowship; the 2004 Doctoral Dissertation Graduate School Fellowship; 2004 Doctoral Dissertation Research Grant, University of Minnesota; 2002 and 2003 Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP); USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Protection; Forest Evaluation and Monitoring Program [01-GD-11244225-196, 01-DG11244225-196]; USDA Forest Service North Central and Pacific Southwest Research Stations FX We thank P. Anderson, L. Barkawi, M. Cavaleri, L. Freund, J. Koehle, and H. Krause (University of Minnesota) for field assistance. We are also grateful to M. Albers, N. La Trace, and R. Maki (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources), and D. Neitzke, P. Johnson, T. Norman, and M. Theimer (USDA Forest Service, Gunflint, Ranger Station), for assistance with field logistics. G. Ball (University of Alberta) verified our ground beetle species identifications. J. Baldwin (USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station), R. Cook (University of Minnesota), C. Fettig (USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station), and D. Huber (University of Northern British Columbia) provided statistical guidance. R. Roughley (University of Manitoba) shared insights into the disturbance ecology of P. melanarius. We thank J. Niemela (University of Helsinki, Finland) for providing valuable comments on an earlier draft of the paper. Pitfall traps were emptied with the assistance of fire suppression, silviculture, and fuel-reduction crews of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and USDA Forest Service, Ranger Station, Grand Marais. Funding for this project was provided by the Departments of Entomology and Forest Resources; the 2001 and 2004 Dayton Natural History Fund, Bell Museum of Natural History, the 2002 Carolyn M. Crosby Graduate School Fellowship, the 2003 Alexander P. and Lydia Anderson Graduate School Fellowship, the 2004 Doctoral Dissertation Graduate School Fellowship, and the 2004 Doctoral Dissertation Research Grant, University of Minnesota all to KJKG;, 2002 and 2003 Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP) Scholarships to H. Krause and L. Freund; the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station (Projects MN-17-070 to SJS and MIN-42-034 to DWG); two grants from the USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Protection, Forest Evaluation and Monitoring Program (01-GD-11244225-196, 01-DG11244225-196) to DWG and SJS in 2001-2003; a joint Fire Science Program Grant (00-2-23) to JCZ and DWG in 2000-2003; and the USDA Forest Service North Central and Pacific Southwest Research Stations. We are also grateful to the Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural and Research Development Center, Wooster for assistance received during the final stages of this work. NR 114 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 20 PY 2008 VL 256 IS 5 BP 1104 EP 1123 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.06.011 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 350XZ UT WOS:000259388400028 ER PT J AU Chandran, D Sharopova, N VandenBosch, KA Garvin, DF Samac, DA AF Chandran, Divya Sharopova, Natasha VandenBosch, Kathryn A. Garvin, David F. Samac, Deborah A. TI Physiological and molecular characterization of aluminum resistance in Medicago truncatula SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED GROWTH-INHIBITION; CELL-WALL PECTIN; ZEA-MAYS L.; OXIDATIVE STRESS; WHEAT ROOTS; ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS; POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; REGULATED GENES; METAL TOXICITY AB Background: Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important factor limiting crop production on acid soils. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which legumes respond to and resist Al stress. To explore the mechanisms of Al toxicity and resistance in legumes, we compared the impact of Al stress in Al-resistant and Al-sensitive lines of the model legume, Medicago truncatula Gaertn. Results: A screen for Al resistance in 54 M. truncatula accessions identified eight Al-resistant and eight Al-sensitive lines. Comparisons of hydroponic root growth and root tip hematoxylin staining in an Al-resistant line, T32, and an Al-sensitive line, S70, provided evidence that an inducible Al exclusion mechanism occurs in T32. Transcriptional events associated with the Al resistance response were analyzed in T32 and S70 after 12 and 48 h Al treatment using oligonucleotide microarrays. Fewer genes were differentially regulated in response to Al in T32 compared to S70. Expression patterns of oxidative stress-related genes, stress-response genes and microscopic examination of Al-treated root tips suggested a lower degree of Al-induced oxidative damage to T32 root tips compared to S70. Furthermore, genes associated with cell death, senescence, and cell wall degradation were induced in both lines after 12 h of Al treatment but preferentially in S70 after 48 h of Al treatment. A multidrug and toxin efflux (MATE) transporter, previously shown to exude citrate in Arabidopsis, showed differential expression patterns in T32 and S70. Conclusion: Our results identified novel genes induced by Al in Al-resistant and sensitive M. truncatula lines. In T32, transcription levels of genes related to oxidative stress were consistent with reactive oxygen species production, which would be sufficient to initiate cell death of Al-accumulating cells thereby contributing to Al exclusion and root growth recovery. In contrast, transcriptional levels of oxidative stress-related genes were consistent with excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation in S70 potentially resulting in necrosis and irreversible root growth inhibition. In addition, a citrate-exuding MATE transporter could function in Al exclusion and/or internal detoxification in T32 based on Al-induced transcript localization studies. Together, our findings indicate that multiple responses likely contribute to Al resistance in M. truncatula. C1 [Garvin, David F.; Samac, Deborah A.] USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chandran, Divya; Sharopova, Natasha; VandenBosch, Kathryn A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [VandenBosch, Kathryn A.; Garvin, David F.; Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Microbial & Plant Genom, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Garvin, David F.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM divyachandran@berkeley.edu; sharo003@hotmail.com; vande102@umn.edu; garvi007@umn.edu; dasamac@umn.edu RI Chandran, Divya/A-4236-2012 FU National Science Foundation [0110206] FX This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Project (award no. 0110206). Mention of trade names or commercial products in the article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendations or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 76 TC 20 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 89 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-89 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 350DQ UT WOS:000259333200001 PM 18713465 ER PT J AU Calle, PP Seagars, DJ McClave, C Senne, D House, C House, JA AF Calle, Paul P. Seagars, Dana J. McClave, Catherine Senne, Dennis House, Carol House, James A. TI Viral and bacterial serology of six free-ranging bearded seals Erignathus barbatus SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Leptospira interrogans; brucella; phocine distemper virus; influenza A virus; calicivirus; bearded seal; Erignathus barbatus; Northern Bering Sea ID SERUM NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; ODOBENUS-ROSMARUS-ROSMARUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; MARINE MAMMALS; HARBOR SEALS; MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTION; DISTEMPER VIRUS; PHOCA-VITULINA; ARCTIC CANADA; RINGED SEALS AB Serum or heparinized plasma samples were obtained from 3 male (2 adult and. 1 weaned calf) and 3 adult female free-ranging bearded seals Erignathus barbatus in May of 1994, 1995, or 1996. Blood samples were obtained from animals taken in subsistence hunts near St. Lawrence Island, Alaska and screened for antibodies to a suite of bacteria and viruses potentially pathogenic for pinnipeds and/or humans. No samples had detectable antibodies to Brucella spp., Phocine distemper virus, influenza A virus or caliciviruses (San Miguel sea lion virus strains 1, 2, and 4 to 13, vesicular exanthema of swine serotypes A48, B51, C52, D53, E54, F55, G55, H54, 155, J56, K54, 1934B, and Tillamook and Walrus calicivirus). One seal had a low titer of 100 to Leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa. C1 [Calle, Paul P.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Global Hlth Programs, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Seagars, Dana J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [McClave, Catherine] Wildlife Conservat Soc, New York Aquarium, Brooklyn, NY 11224 USA. [Senne, Dennis] Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [House, Carol; House, James A.] APHIS VS NVSL, USDA, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Calle, PP (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, Global Hlth Programs, 2300 So Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. EM pcalle@wcs.org NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 81 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.3354/dao01927 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 348JU UT WOS:000259207600008 PM 18828565 ER PT J AU Lewis, K Arnott, WP Moosmuller, H Wold, CE AF Lewis, Kristin Arnott, William P. Moosmueller, Hans Wold, Cyle E. TI Strong spectral variation of biomass smoke light absorption and single scattering albedo observed with a novel dual-wavelength photoacoustic instrument SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID BLACK CARBON; INTEGRATING NEPHELOMETER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AEROSOL; PARTICLES; CALIBRATION; EMISSIONS; CLIMATE; AETHALOMETER; 3-WAVELENGTH AB A dual-wavelength photoacoustic instrument operating at 405 and 870 nm was used during the 2006 Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment to measure light scattering and absorption by smoke from the combustion of a variety of biomass fuels. Simultaneous measurements of aerosol light scattering by reciprocal nephelometry within the instrument's acoustic resonator accompany photoacoustic aerosol light absorption measurements. Single scattering albedo values at 405 nm ranging from 0.37 to 0.95 were measured for different fuel types, and the spectral dependence of absorption was quantified using the Angstrom exponent of absorption. An absorption Angstrom exponent near unity is commonly observed for motor vehicle emission-generated black carbon aerosol. For biomass smoke, Angstrom exponents as high as 3.5 were found in association with smoke having single scattering albedo near unity. The measurements strongly suggest that light-absorbing organic material is present in wood smoke. A second single-wavelength photoacoustic instrument with reciprocal nephelometry was used to quantify aerosol scattering and absorption at 532 nm. Absorption Angstrom exponents calculated using 532 and 870 nm data were as large as 2.5 for smoke with single scattering albedos near unity. The spectral variation in optical properties provides insight into the differentiation of aerosols from mobile or industrial sources versus those from biomass burning. Optical properties of biomass smokes could be classified by general fuel type such as flowering shrubs versus pine needle litter. C1 [Lewis, Kristin; Arnott, William P.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Moosmueller, Hans] Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Div Atmospher Sci, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Wold, Cyle E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Lewis, K (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM lewisk13@unr.nevada.edu RI Moosmuller, Hans/F-8250-2011; OI Moosmuller, Hans/0000-0002-1021-8877 FU Atmospheric Science Program of the U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP); US National Park Service (NPS) [J8R07060005]; National Science Foundation [0552230, 0511769]; University of Nevada Reno; Desert Research Institute FX This work was supported by the Atmospheric Science Program of the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) and by the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) funding FLAME through the US National Park Service (NPS) project J8R07060005. The authors gratefully acknowledge the staff at the USDA/USFS Fire Sciences Laboratory, along with William C. Malm, Wei-Min Hao, Jeffery L. Collett Jr., and Sonia Kreidenweiss who participated in organizing the FLAME project. Additionally, the authors acknowledge Grizelle Gonzalez, USDA Forest Service: Sabana Field Research Station, Puerto Rico; Kevin Robertson, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL; Joey Chong and David Weise, USDA Forest Service: Riverside Fire Laboratory; and Robert Olson, Utah Air Quality for their contributions of biomass fuels. This research was supported in part by grants 0552230 and 0511769 from the National Science Foundation to the Desert Research Institute and the University of Nevada Reno, and in part by the Desert Research Institute through the Applied Research Initiative of the State of Nevada. NR 45 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 113 IS D16 AR D16203 DI 10.1029/2007JD009699 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 340LD UT WOS:000258646200003 ER PT J AU Wei, W Davis, RE Jomantiene, R Yan, Z AF Wei Wei Davis, Robert E. Jomantiene, Rasa Yan Zhao TI Ancient, recurrent phage attacks and recombination shaped dynamic sequence-variable mosaics at the root of phytoplasma genome evolution SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE host-restricted bacteria; mobile gene cassette; pathogenicity island; phytopathogenic bacteria; clade emergence ID STRAINS OY-M; BACTERIAL GENOMES; GENE CLUSTERS; DNA; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; PATHOGENICITY; PERIWINKLE; ADAPTATION AB Mobile genetic elements have impacted biological evolution across all studied organisms, but evidence for a role in evolutionary emergence of an entire phylogenetic clade has not been forthcoming. We suggest that mobile element predation played a formative role in emergence of the phytoplasma clade. Phytoplasmas are cell wall-less bacteria that cause numerous diseases in plants. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that these transkingdom parasites descended from Gram-positive walled bacteria, but events giving rise to the first phytoplasma have remained unknown. Previously we discovered a unique feature of phytoplasmal genome architecture, genes clustered in sequence-variable mosaics (SVMs), and suggested that such structures formed through recurrent, targeted attacks by mobile elements. In the present study, we discovered that cryptic prophage remnants, originating from phages in the order Caudovirales, formed SVMs and comprised exceptionally large percentages of the chromosomes of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris'-related strains OYM and AYWB, occupying nearly all major nonsyntenic sections, and accounting for most of the size difference between the two genomes. The clustered phage remnants formed genomic islands exhibiting distinct DNA physical signatures, such as dinucleotide relative abundance and codon position GC values. Phytoplasma strain-specific genes identified as phage morons were located in hypervariable regions within individual SVMs, indicating that prophage remnants played important roles in generating phytoplasma genetic diversity. Because no SVM-like structures could be identified in genomes of ancestral relatives including Acholeplasma spp., we hypothesize that ancient phage attacks leading to SVM formation occurred after divergence of phytoplasmas from acholeplasmas, triggering evolution of the phytoplasma clade. C1 [Wei Wei; Davis, Robert E.; Yan Zhao] ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jomantiene, Rasa] Inst Bot, Phytovirus Lab, LT-2021 Vilnius, Lithuania. RP Davis, RE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.davis@ars.usda.gov; yan.zhao@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Xiaobing Suo for writing Perl programs to calculate codon position G + C content, DRA and DRAD values; for direct repeats search; and for batch retrieval of protein sequence data for phylogenetic analyses. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. NR 50 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 33 BP 11827 EP 11832 DI 10.1073/pnas.0805237105 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 341OM UT WOS:000258723800045 PM 18701718 ER PT J AU Domec, JC Lachenbruch, B Meinzer, FC Woodruff, DR Warren, JM McCulloh, KA AF Domec, Jean-Christophe Lachenbruch, Barbara Meinzer, Frederick C. Woodruff, David R. Warren, Jeffrey M. McCulloh, Katherine A. TI Maximum height in a conifer is associated with conflicting requirements for xylem design SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE air-seeding pressure; bordered pit; embolism; hydraulic architecture; Pseudotsuga menziesii ID DOUGLAS-FIR TREES; AIR-SEEDING THRESHOLDS; BORDERED PIT FUNCTION; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; ANGIOSPERM VESSELS; STOMATAL CONTROL; WATER TRANSPORT; FOREST TREES; LEAF AB Despite renewed interest in the nature of limitations on maximum tree height, the mechanisms governing ultimate and species-specific height limits are not yet understood, but they likely involve water transport dynamics. Tall trees experience increased risk of xylem embolism from air-seeding because tension in their water column increases with height because of path-length resistance and gravity. We used morphological measurements to estimate the hydraulic properties of the bordered pits between tracheids in Douglas-fir trees along a height gradient of 85 m. With increasing height, the xylem structural modifications that satisfied hydraulic requirements for avoidance of runaway embolism imposed increasing constraints on water transport efficiency. In the branches and trunks, the pit aperture diameter of tracheids decreases steadily with height, whereas torus diameter remains relatively constant. The resulting increase in the ratio of torus to pit aperture diameter allows the pits to withstand higher tensions before air-seeding but at the cost of reduced pit aperture conductance. Extrapolations of vertical trends for trunks and branches show that water transport across pits will approach zero at a heights of 109 m and 138 m, respectively, which is consistent with historic height records of 100-127 m for this species. Likewise, the twig water potential corresponding to the threshold for runaway embolism would be attained at a height of approximate to 107 m. Our results suggest that the maximum height of Douglas-fir trees may be limited in part by the conflicting requirements for water transport and water column safety. C1 [Domec, Jean-Christophe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA. [Lachenbruch, Barbara; McCulloh, Katherine A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.; Woodruff, David R.] Agr Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Domec, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27795 USA. EM jdomec@ncsu.edu; barb.lachenbruch@oregonstate.edu; fmeinzer@fs.fed.us RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012 OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; FU United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education; Extension Service National Research Initiative [03-35103-13713]; United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Ecosystem Processes Program [PNW 02-JV-1126952-252]; Oregon State University FX We thank Tom Pfleeger and Peter Beedlow for their assistance with tree climbing; Anne Fiala for helping with the logistics at the Cedar Flats Research Natural Area; the staff at the Wind River Canopy Crane Research Facility; and J. Renee Brooks, Sarah Blustain, Jennifer Swenson, and two anonymous reviewers for comments. This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service National Research Initiative Grant 03-35103-13713, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Ecosystem Processes Program Grant PNW 02-JV-1126952-252, and a special grant to Oregon State University for wood utilization research. NR 46 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 5 U2 45 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 105 IS 33 BP 12069 EP 12074 DI 10.1073/pnas.0710418105 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 341OM UT WOS:000258723800086 PM 18695232 ER PT J AU Koirala, SR Perfect, E Gentry, RW Kim, JW AF Koirala, S. R. Perfect, E. Gentry, R. W. Kim, J. W. TI Effective saturated hydraulic conductivity of two-dimensional random multifractal fields SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SCALING PROPERTIES; POROUS-MEDIA; SOIL; PERMEABILITY; DEPENDENCY AB A means of upscaling the effective saturated hydraulic conductivity, < K >, based on spatial variation in the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) field is essential for the application of flow and transport models to practical problems. Multifractals are inherently scaling and thus may offer solutions to this dilemma. Random two-dimensional geometrical multifractal fields (multifractal Sierpinski carpets with a scale factor b = 3) were constructed for iterations i = 1 through 5 using different generator probability values (p). The resulting average mass fractions were normalized and assumed to be directly proportional to K. The objectives were to explore how the frequency distribution of K changes as a function of p and i, how < K > varies with i for different p values, and how < K > is related to the generalized dimensions of the multifractal field. Numerical simulations of flow were performed in the multifractal fields, with < K > computed using Darcy's law. The results showed that < K > increases with increasing i level and increasing p value. The scaling of < K > with resolution, 1/b(i), followed a power law relationship, similar to that observed for a variety of natural porous media. At the highest resolution (i = 5), In < K > was best predicted by the correlation dimension (D(2)); In < K > increased as D(2) increased (R(2) = 0.991, p < 0.0001). This relationship indicates that < K > decreases with increasing long-range spatial correlation among the K values in the field. Furthermore, as < K > decreases it becomes increasingly dominated by flow channeling. This is because high values of K become more and more clustered as p decreases. This approach may prove useful for the prediction of < K > from generalized dimensions estimated by multifractal analysis of field measurements of K. The results may also be applicable to the design of sampling strategies for multiple small-scale slug tests at a given resolution. C1 [Koirala, S. R.; Gentry, R. W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Perfect, E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Gentry, R. W.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Secure & Sustainable Environm, Knoxville, TN USA. [Kim, J. W.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, J. W.] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Kwangju, South Korea. RP Koirala, SR (reprint author), URS Corp, 6501 Amer Pkwy,NE, Suite 900, Albuquerque, NM 87100 USA. EM skoirala@utk.edu; eperfect@utk.edu; rgentry@utk.edu; wooj12@gmail.com RI Gentry, Randall/J-8177-2012 OI Gentry, Randall/0000-0003-2477-8127 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 19 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 8 AR W08410 DI 10.1029/2007WR006199 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 340ND UT WOS:000258651400001 ER PT J AU Niu, C Kebede, H Auld, DL Woodward, JE Burow, G Wright, RJ AF Niu, Chen Kebede, Hirut Auld, Dick L. Woodward, Jason E. Burow, Gloria Wright, Robert J. TI A safe inexpensive method to isolate high quality plant and fungal DNA in an open laboratory environment SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CTAB; SDS; DNA isolation; phenol/chloroform free ID EXTRACTION METHOD; PCR AB The most commonly used plant DNA isolation methods use toxic and hazardous chemicals ( phenol, chloroform), which require special equipment to minimize exposure and may limit their use in certain environments. Commercial DNA extraction kits are convenient and usually safe, but their availability to certain developing countries and high cost can be limiting, especially when handing a large number of samples and considering experiments with limited financial resources. Current reports on non-phenol/chloroform protocols have not thoroughly examined the quality and suitability of the DNA for studies that require high precision. A simple, economical and rapid method is presented to isolate high quality DNA from plant and fungal species. This method uses potassium acetate to remove proteins and polysaccharides in an SDS extraction buffer. Further DNA purification is achieved using a low salt CTAB treatment. This SDS/CTAB protocol was used to isolate high quality genomic DNA subject to restriction endonuclease digestion and AFLP analysis from both plant and fungi with minimum cost and health concerns. C1 [Niu, Chen; Kebede, Hirut; Auld, Dick L.; Woodward, Jason E.; Wright, Robert J.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Kebede, Hirut; Wright, Robert J.] Texas AgriLIFE Res, Lubbock, TX USA. [Woodward, Jason E.] Texas AgriLIFE Extens, Lubbock, TX USA. [Burow, Gloria] USDA ARS, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Wright, RJ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM robert.wright@ttu.edu NR 18 TC 19 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC JOURNALS PI VICTORIA ISLAND PA P O BOX 5170-00200 NAIROBI, VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS 73023, NIGERIA SN 1684-5315 J9 AFR J BIOTECHNOL JI Afr. J. Biotechnol. PD AUG 18 PY 2008 VL 7 IS 16 BP 2818 EP 2822 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 366CC UT WOS:000260457100011 ER PT J AU Adhikary, R Schonenbrucher, H Mukherjee, P Casey, TA Rasmussen, MA Maistrovich, FD Kehrli, ME Richt, JA Petrich, JW AF Adhikary, Ramkrishna Schoenenbruecher, Holger Mukherjee, Prasun Casey, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Mark A. Maistrovich, Frank D. Kehrli, Marcus E. Richt, Juergen A. Petrich, Jacob W. TI AGFD 250-Toward a new fluorescence based method for the real-time detection of central nervous system (CNS) tissues on bovine carcasses SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Adhikary, Ramkrishna; Mukherjee, Prasun; Maistrovich, Frank D.; Petrich, Jacob W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schoenenbruecher, Holger; Kehrli, Marcus E.; Richt, Juergen A.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Casey, Thomas A.] ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Rasmussen, Mark A.] SarTec Corp, Anoka, MN USA. EM prasun@iastate.edu; jwp@iastate.edu RI Petrich, Jacob/L-1005-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 250-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300223 ER PT J AU Altinakar, MS He, ZG McCarty, GW Sadeghi, A Hively, D Keppler, J Rhoderick, J AF Altinakar, Mustafa S. He, Zhiguo McCarty, Gregory W. Sadeghi, Ali Hively, Dean Keppler, Jason Rhoderick, John TI AGRO 199-Development of a GIS-based planning and land-use management tool for protecting water quality in Choptank River watershed SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Altinakar, Mustafa S.; He, Zhiguo] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. [McCarty, Gregory W.; Sadeghi, Ali; Hively, Dean] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Keppler, Jason; Rhoderick, John] Maryland Dept Agr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM altinakar@ncche.olemiss.edu; Greg.McCarty@ars.usda.gov; KeppleJD@mda.state.md.us RI He, Zhiguo/M-5164-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 199-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300561 ER PT J AU Andrade, NA McConnell, LL Torrents, A Ramirez, M AF Andrade, Natasha A. McConnell, Laura L. Torrents, Alba Ramirez, Mark TI AGRO 49-Fate of PBDEs in biosolids and soil from commercial farms that receive biosolids application SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Andrade, Natasha A.; Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McConnell, Laura L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramirez, Mark] DC Water & Sewer Author, Washington, DC USA. EM nandrade@umd.edu; laura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov; alba@eng.umd.edu; mark_ramirez@dcwasa.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 49-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300513 ER PT J AU Appell, M AF Appell, Michael TI AGFD 193-Synthesis and evaluation of imprinted polymers for selective recognition of fusaric acid SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Appell, Michael] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM michael.appell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 193-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300237 ER PT J AU Arikan, OA Mulbry, W Rice, CP AF Arikan, Osman A. Mulbry, Walter Rice, Clifford P. TI AGRO 114-Reduction of chlortetracycline residues in manure from therapeutically-treated beef calves SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Arikan, Osman A.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Mulbry, Walter; Rice, Clifford P.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arikan@itu.edu.tr; Walter.Mulbry@ars.usda.gov; Clifford.Rice@ars.usda.gov RI ARIKAN, OSMAN/F-1193-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 114-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300553 ER PT J AU Azhuvalappil, Z Fan, XT Zhang, HQ Geveke, DJ Rouseff, RL AF Azhuvalappil, Zareena Fan, Xuetong Zhang, Howard Q. Geveke, David J. Rouseff, Russell L. TI AGFD 168-Impact of thermal and nonthermal processing technologies on quality of apple cider SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Azhuvalappil, Zareena; Rouseff, Russell L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Fan, Xuetong; Geveke, David J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Zhang, Howard Q.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19426 USA. EM zareena.azhuvalappil@ars.usda.gov; xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov; howard.zhang@errc.ars.usda.gov; david.geveke@ars.usda.gov; rlr@crec.ifas.ufl.edu RI Diaz, Belen/B-8946-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 168-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300279 ER PT J AU Baerson, SR Rimando, AM Pan, ZQ Dayan, FE Duke, SO AF Baerson, Scott R. Rimando, Agnes M. Pan, Zhiqiang Dayan, Franck E. Duke, Stephen O. TI AGRO 120-Identification of key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the allelochemical sorgoleone SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Baerson, Scott R.; Rimando, Agnes M.; Pan, Zhiqiang; Dayan, Franck E.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM scott.baerson@ars.usda.gov; zpan@olemiss.edu; fdayan@olemiss.edu; sduke@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 120-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300432 ER PT J AU Biswas, A Shogren, RL Willett, JL AF Biswas, Atanu Shogren, R. L. Willett, Julious L. TI Ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cyanamide (bmim [dca]) as a solvent and catalyst for acylation of maltodextrin SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Biswas, Atanu; Shogren, R. L.; Willett, Julious L.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM atanu.biswas@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 89-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256308412 ER PT J AU Bonnaillie, LM Tomasula, PM AF Bonnaillie, Laetitia M. Tomasula, Peggy M. TI BIOT 418-Whey protein fractionation using supercritical carbon dioxide SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Bonnaillie, Laetitia M.; Tomasula, Peggy M.] USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM laetitia.bonnaillie@ars.usda.gov; peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov RI Bonnaillie, Laetitia/A-9829-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 418-BIOT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302029 ER PT J AU Breksa, AP Dragull, K Hidalgo, MB Manners, GD Wong, RY AF Breksa, Andrew P., III Dragull, Klaus Hidalgo, Marlene B. Manners, Gary D. Wong, Rosalind Y. TI NUCL 16-Citrus limonoids from grove to consumer products, and the waypoints in between SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Dragull, Klaus; Hidalgo, Marlene B.; Manners, Gary D.; Wong, Rosalind Y.] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Andrew.Breksa@ars.usda.gov; gmann@pw.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 16-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256305766 ER PT J AU Brine, C Tunick, MH AF Brine, Charles Tunick, Michael H. TI AGFD 1-One hundred years of the Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Brine, Charles] Dr Charles J Brine & Associates, Princeton, NJ 08450 USA. [Tunick, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM brinec@yahoo.com; Michael.Tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 1-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300311 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Wilkinson, JR Williams, WP Benson, TJ Sparks, DL French, WT Hernandez, R Rogers, EC Holmes, WE AF Brown, Ashli E. Wilkinson, Jeffrey R. Williams, W. Paul Benson, Tracy J. Sparks, Darrell L. French, W. Todd Hernandez, Rafael Rogers, Elizabeth C. Holmes, William E. TI AGRO 160-Renewable energy: Opportunities and breakthroughs for the future (AGRO New Investigator Award Winner) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Brown, Ashli E.; Wilkinson, Jeffrey R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Williams, W. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Benson, Tracy J.; Sparks, Darrell L.; French, W. Todd; Hernandez, Rafael] Mississippi State Univ, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Rogers, Elizabeth C.; Holmes, William E.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State Chem Lab, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM ABrown@BCH.msstate.edu; JWilkinson@BCH.msstate.edu; tjb5@msstate.edu; Rhernandez@che.msstate.edu; wholmes@ra.msstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 160-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300531 ER PT J AU Cantrell, CL Fokialakis, N Osbrink, W Lax, A Duke, SO AF Cantrell, Charles L. Fokialakis, N. Osbrink, Weste Lax, Alan Duke, Stephen O. TI AGRO 105-Discovery and development of natural products for insect pest management SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Fokialakis, N.] Univ Athens, Sch Pharm, Lab Pharmacognosy & Chem Nat Cpds, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. [Osbrink, Weste] ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70107 USA. [Lax, Alan] ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM clcantr1@olemiss.edu; alax@srrc.ars.usda.gov; sduke@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 105-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300419 ER PT J AU Cavigelli, MA AF Cavigelli, Michel A. TI AGRO 177-Can organic farming help protect Chesapeake Bay water and air quality? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cavigelli, Michel A.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM michel.cavigelli@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 177-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300394 ER PT J AU Chen, F Liu, LS Cooke, PH Hicks, KB Zhang, JW AF Chen, Feng Liu, LinShu Cooke, Peter H. Hicks, Kevin B. Zhang, Jinwen TI CARB 20-Performance enhancement of poly (lactic acid) and sugar beet pulp composites by improving interfacial adhesion and penetration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chen, Feng; Zhang, Jinwen] Washington State Univ, Wood Mat & Engn Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Feng; Zhang, Jinwen] Washington State Univ, Mat Sci Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Liu, LinShu; Cooke, Peter H.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM fchen@wsu.edu; linshu.liu@ars.usda.gov; peter.cooke@ars.usda.gov; kevin.hicks@ars.usda.gov; jwzhang@wsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 20-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302606 ER PT J AU Chen, GY AF Chen, Guoying TI AGRO 5-Europium-sensitized luminescence determination of oxytetracycline residue in shrimp using an LED-based portable analyzer SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chen, Guoying] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM guoying.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 5-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300378 ER PT J AU Codling, EE Heighton, L Mookherji, S Schmidt, WF AF Codling, Eton E. Heighton, Lynne Mookherji, Swati Schmidt, Walter F. TI AGRO 73-Raman microscopy of high P soil: In situ spatial compositional heterogeneity before and after Fe+3 amendment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Codling, Eton E.; Mookherji, Swati; Schmidt, Walter F.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Heighton, Lynne] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM walter.schmidt@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 73-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300596 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Ferreira, D Wang, YH Khan, IA McInroy, J Pan, ZQ AF Dayan, Franck E. Ferreira, Daneel Wang, Yan-Hong Khan, Ikhlas A. McInroy, John Pan, Zhiqiang TI AGRO 100-Cyperin, a pathogenic fungi diphenyl ether phytotoxin, targets plant enoyl (acyl carrier protein) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Pan, Zhiqiang] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ferreira, Daneel; Wang, Yan-Hong] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [McInroy, John] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM dferreir@olemiss.edu; MCINRJA@auburn.edu; zpan@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 100-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300396 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Cantrell, CL Duke, SO van Klink, JW Perry, NB AF Dayan, Franck E. Cantrell, Charles L. Duke, Stephen O. van Klink, John W. Perry, Nigel B. TI AGRO 13-p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase is a herbicide target site for natural beta-triketones SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Cantrell, Charles L.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [van Klink, John W.; Perry, Nigel B.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Dunedin, New Zealand. EM clcantrl@olemiss.edu; sduke@olemiss.edu; VanKlinkJ@crop.cri.nz; perryn@crop.cri.nz RI Perry, Nigel/G-5574-2010 OI Perry, Nigel/0000-0003-3196-3945 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 13-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300392 ER PT J AU Dean, LL Leavens, JB Dansby, MY Boyd, LC AF Dean, Lisa L. Leavens, Je'Velle B. Dansby, Montreka Y. Boyd, Leon C. TI AGFD 67-Effects of emerging process technologies on the sensory and antioxidant properties of selected berries SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Dean, Lisa L.] N Carolina State Univ, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, USDA, ARS,SAA,Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Leavens, Je'Velle B.; Dansby, Montreka Y.; Boyd, Leon C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Nutr & Bioproc Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lloehrl@unity.ncsu.edu RI Dean, Lisa/B-1463-2015 OI Dean, Lisa/0000-0002-2407-9548 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 67-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300129 ER PT J AU Duke, SO Cantrell, CL Dayan, FE Grossmann, K Niggeweg, R Christiansen, N AF Duke, Stephen O. Cantrell, Charles L. Dayan, Franck E. Grossmann, Klaus Niggeweg, Ricarda Christiansen, Nicole TI AGRO 14-Phytotoxic eremophilanes from Ligularia macrophylla SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Duke, Stephen O.; Cantrell, Charles L.; Dayan, Franck E.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Grossmann, Klaus; Niggeweg, Ricarda] Ag Ctr Limbergerhof, BASF SE, D-67117 Limbergerhof, Germany. [Christiansen, Nicole] Metanomics GmbH, D-10589 Berlin, Germany. EM sduke@olemiss.edu; clcantrl@olemiss.edu; fdayan@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 14-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300409 ER PT J AU Erhan, SZ Sharma, BK AF Erhan, Sevim Z. Sharma, Brajendra K. TI AGFD 51-Improvement in properties of vegetable oils through modifications and additives for lubricant applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Erhan, Sevim Z.] USDA ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.] Penn State Univ, USDA ARS NCAUR, Dept Chem Engn, Food & Ind Oils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Sevim.Erhan@ars.usda.gov; Brajendra.sharma@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 51-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300285 ER PT J AU Estes, TL Lowrance, R Williams, RG Wauchope, RD AF Estes, Tammara L. Lowrance, Richard Williams, Randall G. Wauchope, R. Don TI AGRO 174-Modeling the effect of a riparian buffer strip on off-field entrapment of pesticides using REMM2008 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Estes, Tammara L.] Stone Environm Inc, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA. [Lowrance, Richard; Williams, Randall G.; Wauchope, R. Don] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM tlestes@stone-env.com; lorenz@tifton.usda.gov; don@tifton.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 174-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300522 ER PT J AU Evans, KO AF Evans, Kervin O. TI I&EC 159-Influence of the anionic species of a molten salt on lipid organization SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Evans, Kervin O.] ARS, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kervin.Evans@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 159-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256305212 ER PT J AU Fan, XT Geveke, DJ Sokorai, KJB AF Fan, Xuetong Geveke, David J. Sokorai, Kimberly J. B. TI AGFD 270-Effects of thermal and nonthermal processing on furan formation in solutions and fruit juice SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Fan, Xuetong; Geveke, David J.; Sokorai, Kimberly J. B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov; david.geveke@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 270-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300271 ER PT J AU Finkenstadt, VL Cote, G Willett, JL AF Finkenstadt, Victoria L. Cote, Gregory Willett, J. L. TI AGFD 234-Agricultural polymers for corrosion protection of metals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Finkenstadt, Victoria L.; Willett, J. L.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Cote, Gregory] ARS, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM victoria.finkenstadt@ars.usda.gov; greg.cote@ars.usda.gov; jl.willett@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 234-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300161 ER PT J AU Finn, C Qian, MC AF Finn, Chad Qian, Michael C. TI AGFD 39-The Pacific Northwest is a world leader in berry production: The challenges of developing new cultivars to keep it thriving. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Finn, Chad] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Qian, Michael C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM finnc@hort.oregonstate.edu; michael.qian@oregonstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 39-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300316 ER PT J AU Fishman, ML Chau, HK Cooke, PH Hotchkiss, AT AF Fishman, Marshall L. Chau, Hoa K. Cooke, Peter H. Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr. TI CARB 22-Characterization of sugar beet pectin obtained by microwave-assisted flash extraction SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Fishman, Marshall L.; Chau, Hoa K.; Cooke, Peter H.; Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM marshall.fishman@ars.usda.gov; rose.chau@ars.usda.gov; peter.cooke@ars.usda.gov; arland.hotchkiss@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 22-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302605 ER PT J AU French, A Johnson, GP AF French, Alfred Johnson, Glenn P. TI AGFD 230-Amylose and cycloamylose shapes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [French, Alfred; Johnson, Glenn P.] ARS, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM afrench@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 230-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300125 ER PT J AU Goldade, DA Yoder, CA Johnston, JJ AF Goldade, D. A. Yoder, Christi A. Johnston, J. J. TI AGRO 4-Determination of 20,25-diazacholesterol residues in bird tissues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Goldade, D. A.; Yoder, Christi A.; Johnston, J. J.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM David.A.Goldade@usda.gov; john.j.johnston@usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 4-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300517 ER PT J AU Haas, MJ Foglia, TA Fox, PS AF Haas, Michael J. Foglia, Thomas A. Fox, Pamela S. TI ORGN 571-The synthesis of partial glycerides of acetoacetate by positionally selective enzymatic catalysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Haas, Michael J.; Foglia, Thomas A.; Fox, Pamela S.] USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Michael.haas@ars.usda.gov; Pamela.fox@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 571-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256309690 ER PT J AU Hakk, H Larsen, GL Sikora, LS AF Hakk, H. Larsen, G. L. Sikora, Lawrence S. TI AGRO 118-Fate of estradiol and testosterone in anaerobic lagoon digestors SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hakk, H.; Larsen, G. L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM heldur.hakk@ars.usda.gov; gerald.larsen@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 118-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300502 ER PT J AU Hapeman, CJ McConnell, LL AF Hapeman, Cathleen J. McConnell, Laura L. TI AGRO 169-The role of agricultural research in the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov; laura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 169-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300599 ER PT J AU Hapeman, CJ AF Hapeman, Cathleen J. TI AGRO 228-AGRO's communication to its membership SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 228-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300582 ER PT J AU Henderson, KLD Moorman, TB Coats, JR AF Henderson, Keri L. D. Moorman, Thomas B. Coats, Joel R. TI AGRO 115-Fate of sulfamethazine in surface water microcosms and bioaccumulation in sediment-dwelling invertebrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Henderson, Keri L. D.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moorman, Thomas B.] ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM hendersk@iastate.edu; jcoats@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 115-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300571 ER PT J AU Hively, WD AF Hively, W. Dean TI AGRO 141-Sustainable bioenergy production in the Chesapeake Bay agricultural landscape: Potential and peril SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hively, W. Dean] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dean.Hively@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 141-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300559 ER PT J AU Hively, WD Lang, MW Sadeghi, A McCarty, G McConnell, LL AF Hively, W. Dean Lang, Megan W. Sadeghi, Ali McCarty, Greg McConnell, Laura L. TI AGRO 197-Innovative methods for measuring cover crop nutrient uptake on a landscape scale SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hively, W. Dean; Lang, Megan W.; Sadeghi, Ali; McCarty, Greg; McConnell, Laura L.] ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Dean.Hively@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 197-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300554 ER PT J AU Hotchkiss, AT Peterson, JD Yadav, MP Gretz, MR Rastall, RA Hicks, KB AF Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr. Peterson, Joy Doran Yadav, Madhav P. Gretz, Michael R. Rastall, Robert A. Hicks, Kevin B. TI CARB 24-Biorefinery production of ethanol and prebiotics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.] USDA ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Peterson, Joy Doran] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gretz, Michael R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Rastall, Robert A.] Univ Reading, Sch Food Biosci, Reading RG6 6AP, Berks, England. EM arland.hotchkiss@ars.usda.gov; jpeterso@uga.edu; madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov; mrgretz@mtu.edu; r.a.rastall@reading.ac.uk; kevin.hicks@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 24-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302603 ER PT J AU Howard, LR Hager, TJ Prior, RL AF Howard, Luke R. Hager, Tiffany J. Prior, Ronald L. TI AGFD 219-Processing and storage effects on blackberry ellagitannins and flavonols SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Howard, Luke R.; Hager, Tiffany J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, USDA, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. EM lukeh@uark.edu; hagertiffanyj@uams.edu; PriorRonaldL@uams.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 219-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300132 ER PT J AU Hulslander, LE Griffin, DL Goldade, DA Johnston, JJ AF Hulslander, Laura E. Griffin, Doreen L. Goldade, David A. Johnston, John J. TI AGRO 78-Absorption and excretion of 14C-labeled alpha-chloralose from Mallard ducks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hulslander, Laura E.; Griffin, Doreen L.; Goldade, David A.; Johnston, John J.] USDA, APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Laura.Hulslander@aphis.usda.gov; Doreen.L.Griffin@aphis.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 78-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300593 ER PT J AU Jessick, AM Henderson, KL Moorman, TB Coats, JR AF Jessick, Ashley M. Henderson, K. L. Moorman, Thomas B. Coats, Joel R. TI AGRO 51-Erythromycin: A look at a veterinary antibiotic's bioavailability in an aquatic microcosm SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Jessick, Ashley M.; Henderson, K. L.; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Moorman, Thomas B.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jessicka@iastate.edu; hendersk@iastate.edu; jcoats@iastate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 51-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300460 ER PT J AU Jifon, J Lester, GE Leskovar, D Patil, B Crosby, KM AF Jifon, John Lester, G. E. Leskovar, Daniel Patil, Bhimanagouda Crosby, Kevin M. TI AGFD 113-Improving fruit phytochemical contents through foliar potassium (K) nutrition SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Jifon, John; Leskovar, Daniel; Patil, Bhimanagouda] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Lester, G. E.] USDA ARS CQFIR, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Crosby, Kevin M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM jljifon@ag.tamu.edu; gene.lester@ars.usda.gov; d-leskovar@tamu.edu; b-patil@tamu.edu; k-crosby@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 113-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300257 ER PT J AU Johnston, DB Ramirez, EC McAloon, AJ Singh, V AF Johnston, David B. Ramirez, Edna C. McAloon, Andrew J. Singh, Vijay TI AGFD 211-Enzymatic wet milling of corn: Process and economics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Johnston, David B.; Ramirez, Edna C.; McAloon, Andrew J.] USDA ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM david.johnston@ars.usda.gov; Edna.Ramirez@ars.usda.gov; amcaloon@arserrc.gov; vsingh@uiuc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 211-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300296 ER PT J AU Johnston, JJ AF Johnston, J. J. TI AGRO 224-Implementing AGRO's strategic plan SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Johnston, J. J.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, APHIS WS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM john.j.johnston@usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 224-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300578 ER PT J AU Jones, WE Martin, JJ Kariuki, PN Chiguma, J AF Jones, Wayne E., Jr. Martin, Justin J. Kariuki, Peter N. Chiguma, Jasper TI POLY 255-Substrate directed modification and enhancement of conducting polymer thin films and nanomaterials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Chiguma, Jasper] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Inst Mat Res, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Martin, Justin J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM wjones@binghamton.edu; justin.martin@ars.usda.gov; bj95108@binghamton.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 255-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256308085 ER PT J AU Joseph, JA Rimando, AM Vivian, C Bielinski, D Fisher, D Shukitt-Hale, B AF Joseph, James A. Rimando, Agnes M. Vivian, Cheng Bielinski, D. Fisher, Derek Shukitt-Hale, Barbara TI AGFD 90-Pterostilbene, a blueberry constituent, improves cognitive and motor function in aged rats SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Joseph, James A.] Tufts Univ, USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM James.Joseph@tufts.edu; Vivian.Cheng@ARS.USDA.GOV; Derek.Fisher@ARS.USDA.GOV; Barbara.ShukittHale@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 90-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300262 ER PT J AU Kahlon, TS AF Kahlon, Talwinder S. TI AGFD 118-Evaluating health benefits of various fruits SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kahlon, Talwinder S.] USDA ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Talwinder.Kahlon@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 118-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300119 ER PT J AU Kariuki, PN Martin, JJ Madl, C Jones, WE AF Kariuki, Peter N. Martin, Justin J. Madl, Chris Jones, Wayne E., Jr. TI INOR 535-Synthesis and self assembly of trans-dichloro bis (L) ruthenium (III) chloride monolayers as conducting polymer substrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kariuki, Peter N.; Madl, Chris; Jones, Wayne E., Jr.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Kariuki, Peter N.; Madl, Chris; Jones, Wayne E., Jr.] SUNY Binghamton, Inst Mat Res, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Martin, Justin J.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM justin.martin@ars.usda.gov; wjones@binghamton.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 535-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256306504 ER PT J AU Karlen, DL Birrell, SJ Laird, DA Cruse, RM AF Karlen, Douglas L. Birrell, Stuart J. Laird, David A. Cruse, Richard M. TI AGRO 140-A landscape vision for sustainable bioenergy feedstock production SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.; Laird, David A.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Birrell, Stuart J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cruse, Richard M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov; sbirrell@iastate.edu; david.laird@ars.usda.gov; rmc@iastate.edu RI Laird, David/E-8598-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 140-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300500 ER PT J AU Khaokaew, S Ginder-Vogel, M Kanghae, P Chaney, R Sparks, D AF Khaokaew, Saengdao Ginder-Vogel, Matthew Kanghae, Piboon Chaney, Rufus Sparks, Donald TI GEOC 55-Elucidating cadmium speciation and bioavailability in Thai paddy soils SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Khaokaew, Saengdao; Ginder-Vogel, Matthew; Sparks, Donald] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Khaokaew, Saengdao; Ginder-Vogel, Matthew; Sparks, Donald] Univ Delaware, Ctr Crit Zone Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kanghae, Piboon] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. [Chaney, Rufus] ARS, Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mattgv@udel.edu; agrpik@ku.ac.th; dlsparks@udel.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 55-GEOC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256304788 ER PT J AU Kramer, K Rice, PJ Horgan, BP Rittenhouse, J AF Kramer, Kirsten Rice, Pamela J. Horgan, Brian P. Rittenhouse, Jennifer TI AGRO 129-Management and modeling: Tools to improve water quality SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kramer, Kirsten; Rice, Pamela J.; Rittenhouse, Jennifer] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Horgan, Brian P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kirsten.kramer@ars.usda.gov; PamelaRice@ars.usda.gov; bphorgan@umn.edu; Jennifer.Rittenhouse@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 129-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300508 ER PT J AU Lester, GE Hodges, DM AF Lester, G. E. Hodges, D. Mark TI AGFD 133-Seasonal and postharvest temperature impact on novel orange-fleshed honey dew fruit antioxidants SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lester, G. E.] USDA ARS CQFIR, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Hodges, D. Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Atlantic Food & Hort Res Ctr, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada. EM gene.lester@ars.usda.gov; HodgesM@agr.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 133-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300286 ER PT J AU Liang, SM Liu, LS Huang, QR Yam, K AF Liang, Songmiao Liu, LinShu Huang, Qingrong Yam, Kit TI CARB 21-Electrostatic interaction between polysaccharides and nanoclay particles used for nanoencapsulation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Liang, Songmiao; Huang, Qingrong; Yam, Kit] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Liu, LinShu] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM smliang@iccas.ac.cn; linshu.liu@ars.usda.gov; qhuang@aesop.rutgers.edu; yam@aesop.rutgers.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 21-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302608 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP Cooke, PH AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. Cooke, Peter H. TI PMSE 17-Effects of antioxidants on polymeric coatings for a fibrous collagen material: leather SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.] ARS, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM chengkung.liu@ars.usda.gov; nick.latona@ars.usda.gov; peter.cooke@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 17-PMSE PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 500EC UT WOS:000270280001130 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Liu, CK Jin, T Coffin, DR Hicks, KB AF Liu, LinShu Liu, C. K. Jin, Tony Coffin, David R. Hicks, Kevin B. TI CARB 19-Active packaging materials from polylactic acid and pectin composites SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Liu, C. K.] ARS, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Jin, Tony] ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM linshu.liu@ars.usda.gov; cliu@arserrc.gov; Tony.Jin@ras.usda.gov; david.coffin@ars.usda.gov; kevin.hicks@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 19-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302607 ER PT J AU Lyons, AS Rowell, RM Bu, XR AF Lyons, Anastesia S. Rowell, Roger M. Bu, Xiu R. TI INOR 227-Covalently bonded imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine ligands in sol-gel matrices for the removal of heavy metal ions from water SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lyons, Anastesia S.; Bu, Xiu R.] Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Rowell, Roger M.] US Forest Serv, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, USDA, Forest Product Lab, Madison, WI 18707 USA. [Rowell, Roger M.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Plasma Aided Mfg, USDA, Forest Product Lab, Madison, WI 18707 USA. [Rowell, Roger M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 18707 USA. EM rmrowell@facstaff.wisc.edu; xbu@cau.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 227-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256306755 ER PT J AU Manthey, JA AF Manthey, John A. TI AGFD 136-A citrus polymethoxylated flavone, 3',4',3,5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone, exhibits activity in the Arthus reaction SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Manthey, John A.] ARS, USDA, SAA, US Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. EM John.Manthey@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 136-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300135 ER PT J AU Martin, JJ Cardamone, JM Irwin, P AF Martin, Justin J. Cardamone, Jeanette M. Irwin, Peter TI INOR 795-Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles and their application to wool SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Martin, Justin J.; Cardamone, Jeanette M.; Irwin, Peter] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM justin.martin@ars.usda.gov; jan.cardamone@ars.usda.gov; peter.irwin@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 795-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256306519 ER PT J AU Mastovska, K AF Mastovska, Katerina TI AGRO 1-Modern GC-MS and LC-MS instrumentation techniques in the analysis of agrochemical residues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mastovska, Katerina] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM katerina.mastovska@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 1-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300423 ER PT J AU McConnell, LL AF McConnell, Laura L. TI AGRO 227-Making inroads in international venues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [McConnell, Laura L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM laura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 227-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300581 ER PT J AU McConnell, LL Rice, CP Hapeman, CJ Bialek, K Fulton, M Leight, AK Allen, G AF McConnell, Laura L. Rice, Clifford P. Hapeman, Cathleen J. Bialek, Krystyna Fulton, Michael Leight, Andrew K. Allen, Greg TI AGRO 171-Pesticides in tidal regions of Chesapeake Bay SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [McConnell, Laura L.; Rice, Clifford P.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.; Bialek, Krystyna] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fulton, Michael] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Leight, Andrew K.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Oxford, MD 21654 USA. [Allen, Greg] US Environm Protect Agcy Reg III, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM laura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov; cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov; Mike.Fulton@noaa.gov; allen.greg@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 171-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300584 ER PT J AU Meepagala, KM Osbrink, W Pridgeon, J Becnel, J Sturtz, G Burandt, C Lax, A Duke, SO AF Meepagala, Kumudini M. Osbrink, Weste Pridgeon, Julia Becnel, James Sturtz, George Burandt, Charles Lax, Alan Duke, Stephen O. TI AGRO 104-Insecticides from plants against termites and mosquitoes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Meepagala, Kumudini M.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Osbrink, Weste; Lax, Alan] USDA ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Pridgeon, Julia; Becnel, James] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Sturtz, George] Aromagen, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Burandt, Charles] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kmeepaga@olemiss.edu; Julia.Pridgeon@ARS.USDA.GOV; James.Becnel@ars.usda.gov; alax@srrc.ars.usda.gov; sduke@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 104-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300435 ER PT J AU Mizuno, CS Suh, N Lee, HJ So, JY Rimando, AM AF Mizuno, Cassia S. Suh, Nanjoo Lee, Hong Jin So, Jae Young Rimando, Agnes M. TI MEDI 132-Synthesis of stilbenes and chalcone-based compounds for the treatment of colon cancer SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mizuno, Cassia S.; Rimando, Agnes M.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Suh, Nanjoo; Lee, Hong Jin; So, Jae Young] Rutgers State Univ, Susan Lehman Cullman Lab Canc Res, Dept Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM cmizuno@olemiss.edu; nsuh@rci.rutgers.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 132-MEDI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256305553 ER PT J AU Mullin, CA Frazier, M Frazier, JL Ashcraft, S Simonds, R AF Mullin, Christopher A. Frazier, Maryann Frazier, James L. Ashcraft, Sara Simonds, Roger TI AGRO 109-Pesticides and honey bee health: High levels of acaricides and crop protection chemicals in US beehives and its mitigation by gamma irradiation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mullin, Christopher A.; Frazier, Maryann; Frazier, James L.; Ashcraft, Sara] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Simonds, Roger] USDA Agr Mkt Serv, Natl Sci Lab, Gastonia, NC 28054 USA. EM camullin@psu.edu; mxt15@psu.edu; jff2@psu.edu; saa15@psu.edu; Roger.Simonds@usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 109-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300428 ER PT J AU Navarro, DAG Aga, DS Coats, JR Henderson, KLD Moorman, T Bidwell, J AF Navarro, Divina Angela G. Aga, Diana S. Coats, Joel R. Henderson, Keri L. D. Moorman, Thomas Bidwell, Joseph TI AGRO 50-Determination of the effect of pH, ionic strength, and humic acids on the soil sorption coefficients (Kd) of tylosin and erythromycin antibiotics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Navarro, Divina Angela G.; Aga, Diana S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Coats, Joel R.; Henderson, Keri L. D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pesticide Toxicol Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moorman, Thomas] ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bidwell, Joseph] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Zool, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM divinag@buffalo.edu; dianaaga@buffalo.edu; jcoats@iastate.edu; hendersk@iastate.edu; moorman@nstl.gov; bidwelj@okstate.edu RI Navarro, Divina/F-5733-2013 OI Navarro, Divina/0000-0002-8271-3578 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 50-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300373 ER PT J AU Ngo, HL Zafiropoulos, NA Foglia, TA Samulski, ET Lin, WB AF Ngo, Helen L. Zafiropoulos, Nicholas A. Foglia, Thomas A. Samulski, Edward T. Lin, Wenbin TI CATL 3-Solid acid catalyzed conversion of renewable materials to value-added products SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Ngo, Helen L.] ARS, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Zafiropoulos, Nicholas A.; Samulski, Edward T.; Lin, Wenbin] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Foglia, Thomas A.] USDA, Eastern Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM helen.ngo@ars.usda.gov; nzafirop@email.unc.edu; et@unc.edu; wlin@unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 3-CATL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302638 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI Thomas, AE Tunick, MH AF Onwulata, Charles I. Thomas, Audrey E. Tunick, Michael H. TI AGFD 166-Flow behavior of protein blends SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Onwulata, Charles I.; Thomas, Audrey E.; Tunick, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Charles.Onwulata@ars.usda.gov; Audrey.Thomas@ars.usda.gov; Michael.Tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 166-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300317 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ AF Peterson, Chris J. TI AGRO 127-Mobility, longevity, and activity of fipronil at a rate labeled for the prevention of termite infestation in structures SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Peterson, Chris J.] US Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM cjpeterson@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 127-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300451 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ AF Peterson, Chris J. TI AGRO 215-Application volume and active ingredient concentration affect the initial soil penetration of aqueous termiticide formulations SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Peterson, Chris J.] US Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM cjpeterson@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 215-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300453 ER PT J AU Peterson, SC AF Peterson, Steven C. TI AGFD 177-Vital wheat gluten as a filler for rubber compounds: Effects of pH and homogenization on the reinforcement properties SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Peterson, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steve.Peterson@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 177-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300143 ER PT J AU Petroski, RJ AF Petroski, Richard J. TI AGFD 173-Improved preparation of bridged carboxylic ortho esters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Petroski, Richard J.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, REE,Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Richard.Petroski@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 173-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300177 ER PT J AU Petroski, RJ Stanley, D AF Petroski, Richard J. Stanley, David TI AGFD 74-Bioactive compounds for pest and weed control SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Petroski, Richard J.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, REE,Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Stanley, David] ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM Richard.Petroski@ars.usda.gov; centerdirector@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 74-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300176 ER PT J AU Potter, TL Bosch, DD Strickland, TC AF Potter, Thomas L. Bosch, David D. Strickland, Timothy C. TI AGRO 128-Tillage-system impact on surface runoff and interflow transport of selected herbicides at the field scale SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Potter, Thomas L.; Bosch, David D.; Strickland, Timothy C.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM tom.potter@ars.usda.gov; david.bosch@ars.usda.gov; tim.strickland@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 128-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300479 ER PT J AU Primus, TM Wermager, CR Johnston, JJ Howald, G Buckelew, S AF Primus, Thomas M. Wermager, Chad R. Johnston, John J. Howald, Gregg Buckelew, Stacey TI AGRO 6-Determination of brodifacoum by ion exchange solid phase extraction followed by ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography in mussels and sparrow tissues SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Primus, Thomas M.; Wermager, Chad R.; Johnston, John J.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Howald, Gregg; Buckelew, Stacey] Isl Conservat Canada, Vancouver, BC V6B 2M9, Canada. EM thomas.m.primus@aphis.usda.gov; chad.r.wermager@aphis.usda.gov; johnijohnston@aphis.usda.gov; gregg.howald@islandconservation.org; Stacey.buckelew@islandconservation.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 6-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300518 ER PT J AU Qi, PX Onwulata, CI Tomasula, PM AF Qi, Phoebe X. Onwulata, Charles I. Tomasula, Peggy M. TI AGFD 269-Effect of extrusion on the composition and structures of whey protein isolate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Qi, Phoebe X.; Onwulata, Charles I.; Tomasula, Peggy M.] USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Phoebe.Qi@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 269-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300320 ER PT J AU Rathore, KS Sunilkumar, G Campbell, LM Stipanovic, RD Puckhaber, LS AF Rathore, Keerti S. Sunilkumar, G. Campbell, LeAnne M. Stipanovic, Robert D. Puckhaber, Lorraine S. TI AGRO 123-Enhancing the value of cottonseed as a source of feed and food by RNAi-mediated, selective and substantial reduction in seed-gossypol SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rathore, Keerti S.; Sunilkumar, G.; Campbell, LeAnne M.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, Borlaug Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rathore, Keerti S.; Sunilkumar, G.; Campbell, LeAnne M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Borlaug Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Stipanovic, Robert D.; Puckhaber, Lorraine S.] ARS, Cotton Pathol Res Unit, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM rathore@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 123-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300400 ER PT J AU Rice, CP Bialek-Kalinski, K Hively, WD AF Rice, Clifford P. Bialek-Kalinski, Krystyna Hively, W. Dean TI AGRO 173-Atmospheric delivery of herbicides to riparian buffer zones SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rice, Clifford P.; Bialek-Kalinski, Krystyna; Hively, W. Dean] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Clifford.Rice@ars.usda.gov; Dean.Hively@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 173-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300546 ER PT J AU Rich, JO Bischoff, K Hughes, SR AF Rich, Joseph O. Bischoff, Kenneth Hughes, Stephen R. TI AGRO 67-Cellulosic ethanol production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae engineered for anaerobic conversion of pretreated lignocellulosic sugars to ethanol SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rich, Joseph O.; Bischoff, Kenneth; Hughes, Stephen R.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Joseph.Rich@ars.usda.gov; hughessr@ncaur.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 67-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300592 ER PT J AU Rimando, AM Mizuno, CS Khan, SI AF Rimando, Agnes M. Mizuno, Cassia S. Khan, Shabana I. TI AGFD 138-PPAR alpha activation and molecular docking of resveratrol methylether analogs and catechins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rimando, Agnes M.; Mizuno, Cassia S.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Shabana I.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. EM cmizuno@olemiss.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 138-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300303 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JP Dellinger, AE Beegle, DB AF Schmidt, John P. Dellinger, Adam E. Beegle, Douglas B. TI AGRO 195-Developing nitrogen recommendations for corn with an on-the-go canopy reflectance sensor SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Schmidt, John P.] ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dellinger, Adam E.] NRCS, USDA, Lancaster, PA 17601 USA. [Beegle, Douglas B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM john.schmidt@ars.usda.gov; Adam.Dellinger@usda.gov; dbb@psu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 195-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300562 ER PT J AU Schnupf, U Willett, JL Momany, F AF Schnupf, Udo Willett, J. L. Momany, Frank TI CARB 108-DFT studies of the conformation and relative energies of maltotetraose (DP-4): An amylose fragment at atomic resolution SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Momany, Frank] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM udo.schnupf@ars.usda.gov; JL.Willett@ars.usda.gov; frank.momany@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 108-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302506 ER PT J AU Schnupf, U Willett, JL Momany, FA AF Schnupf, Udo Willett, J. L. Momany, F. A. TI CARB 107-DFT solvation studies of carbohydrates: Solvation effects in alpha-linked carbohydrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Schnupf, Udo; Willett, J. L.; Momany, F. A.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM udo.schnupf@ars.usda.gov; JL.Willett@ars.usda.gov; frank.momany@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 107-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302507 ER PT J AU Seiber, JN AF Seiber, James N. TI AGFD 2-Agricultural and food chemistry: Fifty years of synergy between AGFD and JAFC SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Seiber, James N.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM James.Seiber@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 2-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300345 ER PT J AU Singer, JW Laird, DA Cambardella, CA Karlen, DL Moore, KJ Lamkey, KR Hatfield, JL AF Singer, Jeremy W. Laird, David A. Cambardella, Cynthia A. Karlen, Douglas L. Moore, Kenneth J. Lamkey, Kendall R. Hatfield, Jerry L. TI AGRO 162-Sustainable corn-based bioenergy farming systems SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Singer, Jeremy W.; Laird, David A.; Cambardella, Cynthia A.; Karlen, Douglas L.; Hatfield, Jerry L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moore, Kenneth J.; Lamkey, Kendall R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jeremy.singer@ars.usda.gov; david.laird@ars.usda.gov; cindy.cambardella@ars.usda.gov; doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov; kjmoore@iastate.edu; krlamkey@iastate.edu RI Laird, David/E-8598-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 162-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300498 ER PT J AU Singh, AP Wilson, T Luthria, DL Singh, V Banuelos, GS Pasakdee, SP Vorsa, N AF Singh, Ajay P. Wilson, Ted Luthria, Devanand L. Singh, Vartika Banuelos, Gary S. Pasakdee, Sajeemas Pasakdee Vorsa, Nicholi TI ANYL 153-HPLC and LC-MS detection and LDL-antioxidant activity of polyphenols from the pulp of eggplants grown under organic and conventional growing conditions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Singh, Ajay P.; Singh, Vartika] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Wilson, Ted] Winona State Univ, Dept Biol, Winona, MN 55987 USA. [Luthria, Devanand L.] USDA, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Banuelos, Gary S.; Pasakdee, Sajeemas Pasakdee] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM singh@aesop.rutgers.edu; EWilson@winona.edu; luthriad@ba.ars.usda.gov; mail_vartika@yahoo.co.in; Gary.Banuelos@ARS.USDA.GOV; spasakdee@csufresno.edu; vorsa@aesop.rutgers.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 153-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256301114 ER PT J AU Smith, DJ Hammer, CJ Mostrom, MS Thorson, JF Shelver, WL AF Smith, David J. Hammer, C. J. Mostrom, M. S. Thorson, J. F. Shelver, W. L. TI AGRO 27-Depletion of zilpaterol hydrochloride residues from the urine of orally-treated horses SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Smith, David J.; Shelver, W. L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Hammer, C. J.; Thorson, J. F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Mostrom, M. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost Serv, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM david.j.smith@ars.usda.gov; Weilin.Shelver@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 27-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300454 ER PT J AU Smith, KT Shortle, WC AF Smith, Kevin T. Shortle, Walter C. TI AGRO 206-Biological validation of dendrochemistry in environmental forensics SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Smith, Kevin T.; Shortle, Walter C.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ktsmith@fs.fed.us; wshortle@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 206-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300528 ER PT J AU Smith, MC Ahn, H White, J AF Smith, Matt C. Ahn, Heekwon White, John TI AGRO 157-Turning waste into energy: Biogas production on dairy farms SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Smith, Matt C.; Ahn, Heekwon; White, John] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM matt.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 157-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300587 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Kirimer, N Baser, KHC Bedir, E AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Kirimer, Nese Baser, Kemal Husnu Can Bedir, Erdal TI AGRO 97-Antifungal compounds from Pimpinella species active against plant pathogens SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kirimer, Nese; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Bedir, Erdal] Ege Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Bioengn, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu; dwedge@olemiss.edu; nkirimer@anadolu.edu.tr; khcbaser@anadolu.edu.tr; erdalbedir@yahoo.com RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 97-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300377 ER PT J AU Takeoka, GR Dao, LT Ramming, DW AF Takeoka, Gary R. Dao, Lan T. Ramming, David W. TI AGFD 96-Characterization of anthocyanins, phenolics and antioxidant activity in the skin and flesh of new red grape genotypes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Takeoka, Gary R.; Dao, Lan T.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ramming, David W.] ARS, USDA, CDPG, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM grt@pw.usda.gov; David.Ramming@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 96-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300144 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. TI AGFD 19-Progress in US dairy foods over the past 100 years SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Tunick, Michael H.] ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 19-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300168 ER PT J AU Veith, TL Rotz, CA AF Veith, Tamie L. Rotz, C. Alan TI AGRO 198-Whole-farm simulation to determine effective conservation practices SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Veith, Tamie L.; Rotz, C. Alan] ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM Tamie.Veith@ars.usda.gov RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 198-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300575 ER PT J AU Wang, SY AF Wang, Shiow Y. TI AGFD 119-Berry fruit extracts exhibit chemopreventative effects on human cancer cell lines SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wang, Shiow Y.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Shiow.Wang@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 119-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300109 ER PT J AU Wauchope, D Sandahl, JF Suguiyama, L AF Wauchope, Don Sandahl, Jason F. Suguiyama, Luis TI AGRO 165-Safety evaluation and regulation of crop protection chemicals in developing countries: A global human and environmental issue SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wauchope, Don] Wauchope Consulting, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Sandahl, Jason F.] USDA, FAS, OCBD, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Suguiyama, Luis] USDA, FAS, OSTA, Int Regulat & Stand Div, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM wauchope@friendlycity.net; Jason.Sandahl@fas.usda.gov; luis.suguiyama@fas.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 165-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300550 ER PT J AU Wedge, DE Tabanca, N Sampson, BJ AF Wedge, David E. Tabanca, Nurhayat Sampson, Blair J. TI AGRO 106-Fungicides and insecticides from medicinal and aromatic plants SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wedge, David E.; Tabanca, Nurhayat] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Sampson, Blair J.] ARS, Small Fruit Res Unit, USDA, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu; ntabanca@olemiss.edu; Blair.Sampson@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 106-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300381 ER PT J AU Wedge, DE Kasanah, N Hamann, MT AF Wedge, David E. Kasanah, Noer Hamann, Mark T. TI AGRO 33-Bioprospecting for novel fungicides in marine organisms SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wedge, David E.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kasanah, Noer; Hamann, Mark T.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu; nkasanah@olemiss.edu; mthamann@olemiss.edu RI Hamann, Mark/E-9251-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 33-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300379 ER PT J AU Woodyer, R Racine, M Demirjian, DC Saha, BC AF Woodyer, Ryan Racine, Michael Demirjian, David C. Saha, Badal C. TI BIOT 297-Efficient production of L-ribose with a recombinant E. coli SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Woodyer, Ryan; Racine, Michael; Demirjian, David C.] zuChem Inc, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Saha, Badal C.] USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM ryans88gt@yahoo.com; sahabc@ncaur.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 297-BIOT PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302482 ER PT J AU Wu, TH Bechtel, PJ AF Wu, Ted H. Bechtel, Peter J. TI AGFD 178-Levels of vitamin E decreases and retinol increases in oil extracts from aged Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) by-products SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Wu, Ted H.; Bechtel, Peter J.] UAF, Subarct Agr Res Unit, USDA, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ftthw@uaf.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 178-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300278 ER PT J AU Xu, GZ Dong, JP Severtson, SJ Houtman, CJ Gwin, LE AF Xu, Guizhen Dong, Jinping Severtson, Steven J. Houtman, Carl J. Gwin, Larry E. TI COLL 296-Monitoring surfactant migration in water-based pressure-sensitive adhesive films using atomic-force and confocal Raman microscopy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Xu, Guizhen; Severtson, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dong, Jinping] Univ Minnesota, Characterizat Facil, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Houtman, Carl J.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Gwin, Larry E.] Franklin Int, Columbus, OH 43207 USA. EM xuxxx300@umn.edu RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 296-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256303574 ER PT J AU Yadav, MP Johnston, DB Hicks, KB AF Yadav, Madhav P. Johnston, David B. Hicks, Kevin B. TI CARB 23-Evaluation of corn fiber gum (arabinoxylan) fractions for their role in oil-in water emulsion stability SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.; Johnston, David B.; Hicks, Kevin B.] USDA ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov; david.johnston@ars.usda.gov; kevin.hicks@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 23-CARB PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256302604 ER PT J AU Yang, VW Clausen, CA AF Yang, Vina W. Clausen, Carol A. TI AGRO 98-Antifungal activity of herbaceous essential oils protects wood from mold and decay fungi SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yang, Vina W.; Clausen, Carol A.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM vyang@fs.fed.us; cclausen@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 98-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300476 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, WH Hong, YJ Young, S Anderson, K Albers, D Turowski, M AF Yokoyama, Wallace H. Hong, Yun-Jeong Young, Scott Anderson, Kerr Albers, Dave Turowski, Maciej TI AGFD 128-Plasma and liver cholesterol and body weights of hamsters fed fast foods SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Yokoyama, Wallace H.; Hong, Yun-Jeong] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Young, Scott; Albers, Dave] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48667 USA. [Anderson, Kerr] Dow Chem Co USA, Larkin Labs, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Turowski, Maciej] Dow Chem Co USA, METHOCEL Food Grp, Larkin Lab 216, Midland, MI 48674 USA. EM yhong@pw.usda.gov; SAYoung@Dow.com; whanderson@dow.com; dave.albers@dow.com; mturowski@dow.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 128-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256300346 ER PT J AU Zerkowski, JA Solaiman, DKY Nunez, A Strahan, G AF Zerkowski, Jonathan A. Solaiman, Daniel K. Y. Nunez, Alberto Strahan, Gary TI ORGN 333-Clickable lipids: Triacylglycerol azides and alkynes for bioconjugates and beyond SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 17-21, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 [Zerkowski, Jonathan A.; Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.; Strahan, Gary] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Nunez, Alberto] USDA ARS, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM jonathan.zerkowski@ars.usda.gov; dsolaiman@errc.ars.usda.gov; alberto.nunez@ars.usda.gov; gary.strahan@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 236 MA 333-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 499WD UT WOS:000270256309485 ER PT J AU Sobrino, R Dubey, JP Pabon, M Linarez, N Kwok, OC Millan, J Arnal, MC Luco, DF Lopez-Gatius, F Thulliez, P Gortazar, C Almeria, S AF Sobrino, R. Dubey, J. P. Pabon, M. Linarez, N. Kwok, O. C. Millan, J. Arnal, M. C. Luco, D. F. Lopez-Gatius, F. Thulliez, P. Gortazar, C. Almeria, S. TI Neospora caninum antibodies in wild carnivores from Spain SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; seroprevalence; wildlife carnivores; Spain; competitive-ELISA; NAT; IFAT ID FOXES VULPES-VULPES; WOLVES CHRYSOCYON-BRACHYURUS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; SEROLOGICAL METHODS; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; DOMESTIC CATS; TISSUE CYSTS; LYNX-LYNX; PREVALENCE AB Serum samples from 251 wild carnivores from different regions of Spain were tested for antibodies to Neospora caninum by the commercial competitive screening enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and confirmed by Neospora agglutination test (NAT) and/or by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Samples with antibodies detected by at least two serological tests were considered seropositive. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 3.2% of 95 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes); in 21.4% of 28 wolves (Canis lupus); in 12.0% of 25 Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus); in 16.7% of 6 European wildcats (Felis silvestris); in 6.4% of 31 Eurasian badgers (Meles meles); in 21.4% of 14 stone martens (Martes foina); in 66.7% of 3 pine martens (M. martes) and in 50% of 2 polecats (Mustela putorius). Antibodies to N. caninum in common genets (Genetta genetta) and Egyptian mongooses (Herpestes ichneumon) were only observed by c-ELISA but were not confirmed by IFAT and/or NAT. No antibodies were detected in 5 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) by any technique. Statistically significant differences were observed among species and among geographical areas. The highest seroprevalence of N. caninum infection was observed in the Cantabric Coastal region characterized by high humidity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antibodies to N. caninum in free ranging wild carnivores, other than wild canids, in Europe. The existence of a possible sylvatic cycle could have important implications in both sylvatic and domestic cycles since they might influence the prevalence of infection in cattle farms in those areas. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pabon, M.; Linarez, N.; Almeria, S.] Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Sch Vet, Dept Anim Hlth, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Sobrino, R.; Gortazar, C.] CSIC UCLM JCCM, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget IREC, Ciudad Real, Spain. [Dubey, J. P.; Kwok, O. C.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Millan, J.] CSIC, Estac Biol Donana, Dept Conservat Biol, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Arnal, M. C.; Luco, D. F.] Univ Zaragoza, Sch Vet, SEDIFAS, Zaragoza, Spain. [Thulliez, P.] Inst Puericulture, Lab Toxoplasmose, F-75014 Paris, France. [Almeria, S.] Campus Autonomous Univ Barcelona, UAB IRTA, Res Ctr Anim Hlth CReSA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. RP Almeria, S (reprint author), Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Sch Vet, Dept Anim Hlth, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.cat RI Millan, Javier/B-5399-2008; Lopez-Gatius, Fernando/B-9249-2011; Gortazar, Christian/E-7918-2012; Sanz, Mar/G-2116-2011; Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014; CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011; Arnal, Maria Cruz/D-5931-2017; OI Millan, Javier/0000-0001-5608-781X; Gortazar, Christian/0000-0003-0012-4006; Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488; CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Lopez-Gatius, Fernando/0000-0002-6857-9739 NR 48 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 155 IS 3-4 BP 190 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.009 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 336JZ UT WOS:000258361400003 PM 18556128 ER PT J AU Velmurugan, GV Dubey, JP Su, C AF Velmurugan, G. V. Dubey, J. P. Su, C. TI Genotyping studies of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Africa revealed that the archetypal clonal lineages predominate as in North America and Europe SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; chickens genotype; PCR; Africa ID FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; SAO-PAULO; BRAZIL; PREVALENCE; PARASITES; STRAINS; DIVERSE; DOGS AB Until recently, Toxoplasma gondii was considered to be clonal with very little genetic variability. Recent studies indicate that T gondii isolates from Brazil are genetically and biologically different from T gondii isolates from USA and Europe. However, little is known of the genetics of T gondii strains from Africa. In this study, we genotyped 19 T gondii isolates from chickens from six African countries (Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Congo, Mali, and Burkina Fasco) using 10 PCR-RFLP markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and Apico). The results revealed four genotypes. Thirteen isolates belong to the Type III lineage, five isolates have Type II alleles at all loci except apico and they belong to the Type II lineage. One isolate from Nigeria had atypical genotype. In general, these isolates were mostly clonal Type III and II strains that predominate in North American and European. DNA sequencing at several loci for representative isolates confirmed the results of PCR-RFLP genotyping. Taken together with recent studies of T gondii isolates from Africa, it is clear that the three clonal lineages (Types I, II and III) predominate not only in North America and Europe, but also in Africa. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Velmurugan, G. V.; Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Animal Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Animal Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 25 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD AUG 17 PY 2008 VL 155 IS 3-4 BP 314 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.021 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 336JZ UT WOS:000258361400019 PM 18583059 ER PT J AU Fan, ZS Casey, FXM Hakk, H Larsen, GL AF Fan, Zhaosheng Casey, Francis X. M. Hakk, Heldur Larsen, Gerald L. TI Modeling coupled degradation, sorption, and transport of 17 beta-estradiol in undisturbed soil SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ESTROGENIC HORMONES; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS; STOCHASTIC RANKING; STEROIDAL HORMONES; AQUIFER TREATMENT; TESTOSTERONE; FATE; WATER; PERSISTENCE AB The presence of 17 beta-estradiol in the environment, even at parts-per-trillion concentrations, raises significant concern regarding the health of aquatic organisms. Once 17 beta-estradiol is released into the environment from human and animal sources, its fate and transport is controlled by factors such as sorption and transformation, which need to be understood to fully assess potential exposures. The objective of this study was first to discern, through controlled batch experiments, the simultaneous transformation (i.e., chemical and biological) of natural estrogenic compounds and their mass exchange between the aqueous and solid phase (i.e., reversible and irreversible sorption sites). In addition, a model was developed that used a series of first-order expressions to describe the various fate and transport processes of parent and metabolite estrogens in the nonequilibrium batch experiments. A global optimization method was used to estimate the parameters of this nonequilibrium batch model. The model provided a good description of the data, and the parameter estimates were reliable. The batch studies parameter estimates were then incorporated into a convective-dispersive model to describe two undisturbed column experiments. The consistency of parameter estimates between the batch and column experiments indicated a high capability and reliability of this model and the parameter values. C1 [Fan, Zhaosheng] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Casey, Francis X. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Hakk, Heldur; Larsen, Gerald L.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Fan, ZS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 2200 Colorado Ave,Campus Box 399, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM francis.casey@indsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 FU National Science Foundation [0244169, 0730492] FX This research was based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants 0244169 and 0730492. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Also, the authors greatly appreciate the contributions of Barbara Magelky and Colleen Pfaff (USDA-ARS, Fargo, ND). NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 16 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 8 AR W08424 DI 10.1029/2007WR006407 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 338OL UT WOS:000258517200001 ER PT J AU Sarma, AD Oehrle, NW Emerich, DW AF Sarma, Annamraju D. Oehrle, Nathan W. Emerich, David W. TI Plant protein isolation and stabilization for enhanced resolution of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 2D-PAGE; sample preparation; protein solubilization; cup loading; in-gel hydration ID BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; TISSUES AB Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) is the common method of choice for proteomic analysis. By introducing several small changes, a method was developed that not only improved the resolution and reproducibility of 2D-PAGE but also shortened the time of analysis. Precipitation by alkaline phenol and methanol/ammonium acetate was the choice for protein extraction. However, instead of precipitating the proteins overnight at -20 degrees C, it was carried out for 2 to 3 h at -80 degrees C. Ethanol was used for the final wash of the protein precipitate instead of routinely used acetone. Dithiothreitol (DTT) was used in all solutions from the beginning, considerably improving the solubilization of precipitated proteins. Solubilization was further improved by using a mixture of detergents and denaturants at high concentrations along with large amounts of DTT. Both in-gel rehydration and cup-loading methods were used for isoelectric focusing (IEF). For in-gel rehydration, samples reduced with DTT were diluted with sample buffer containing 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide (2-HED) (1:3) or were cup-loaded on a strip rehydrated with sample buffer containing 2-HED. Glycerol (5%) was used in the sample buffer, and the focusing was performed at 15 degrees C. The applicability of the method was demonstrated using several soybean tissues. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sarma, Annamraju D.; Emerich, David W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Oehrle, Nathan W.] USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Emerich, DW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM emerichd@missouri.edu NR 11 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 379 IS 2 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2008.04.047 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 324XH UT WOS:000257552200006 PM 18510937 ER PT J AU Kaushal, SS Groffman, PM Band, LE Shields, CA Morgan, RP Palmer, MA Belt, KT Swan, CM Findlay, SEG Fisher, GT AF Kaushal, Sujay S. Groffman, Peter M. Band, Lawrence E. Shields, Catherine A. Morgan, Raymond P. Palmer, Margaret A. Belt, Kenneth T. Swan, Christopher M. Findlay, Stuart E. G. Fisher, Gary T. TI Interaction between urbanization and climate variability amplifies watershed nitrate export in Maryland SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POTOMAC RIVER-BASIN; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; EUTROPHICATION; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENTS; STREAMS; RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEMS AB We investigated regional effects of urbanization and land use change on nitrate concentrations in approximately 1,000 small streams in Maryland during record drought and wet years in 2001-2003. We also investigated changes in nitrate-N export during the same time period in 8 intensively monitored small watersheds across an urbanization gradient in Baltimore, Maryland. Nitrate-N concentrations in Maryland were greatest in agricultural streams, urban streams, and forest streams respectively. During the period of record drought and wet years, nitrate-N exports in Baltimore showed substantial variation in 6 suburban/urban streams (2.9-15.3 kg/ha/y), 1 agricultural stream (3.4-38.9 kg/ha/y), and 1 forest stream (0.03-0.2 kg/ ha/y). Interannual variability was similar for small Baltimore streams and nearby well-monitored tributaries and coincided with record hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay. Discharge-weighted mean annual nitrate concentrations showed a variable tendency to decrease/increase with changes in annual runoff, although total N export generally increased with annual runoff. N retention in small Baltimore watersheds during the 2002 drought was 85%, 99%, and 94% for suburban, forest, and agricultural watersheds, respectively, and declined to 35%, 91%, and 41% during the wet year of 2003. Our results suggest that urban land use change can increase the vulnerability of ecosystem nitrogen retention functions to climatic variability. Further work is necessary to characterize patterns of nitrate-N export and retention in small urbanizing watersheds under varying climatic conditions to improve future forecasting and watershed scale restoration efforts aimed at improving nitrate-N retention. C1 [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Palmer, Margaret A.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.; Findlay, Stuart E. G.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Band, Lawrence E.; Shields, Catherine A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Morgan, Raymond P.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, No Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Urban Forestry Ecol Res Unit, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. [Swan, Christopher M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Geog & Environm Syst, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. [Fisher, Gary T.] US Geol Survey, Baltimore, MD 21237 USA. RP Kaushal, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, 1 Williams Str,POB 38, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. EM kaushal@cbl.umces.edu RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Swan, Christopher/0000-0002-9763-9630 FU Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER [NSF DEB-0423476]; NSF [DBI 0640300]; Maryland Sea Grant award [SA7528085-U]; EPA Water and Watersheds Program; Maryland Department of Natural Resources; Versar Inc FX This research was supported by Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project (NSF DEB-0423476), NSF award DBI 0640300, Maryland Sea Grant award SA7528085-U, U.S. EPA Water and Watersheds Program, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and Versar Inc. We thank Keith Eshlemen, Paul Kayzack, Ron Klauda, Walter Boynton, Norbert Jaworski, Don Boesch, and Tom Fisher for helpful discussions. We thank three anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments. Dan Dillon, Tara Krebs, Sabrina LaFave, Katarina Savvas, and MBBS field and laboratory crew graciously assisted with research. This publication does not reflect the view of any sponsoring agency. NR 43 TC 115 Z9 119 U1 3 U2 85 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 16 BP 5872 EP 5878 DI 10.1021/es800264f PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 337MG UT WOS:000258439600009 PM 18767638 ER PT J AU Tonina, D Luce, CH Rieman, B Buffington, JM Goodwin, P Clayton, SR Ali, SM Barry, JJ Berenbrock, C AF Tonina, Daniele Luce, Charles H. Rieman, Bruce Buffington, John M. Goodwin, Peter Clayton, Stephen R. Ali, Shawkat Md. Barry, Jeffrey J. Berenbrock, Charles TI Hydrological response to timber harvest in northern Idaho: implications for channel scour and persistence of salmonids SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE peak flows; rain-on-snow; bull trout; forest management; ecohydrology ID PEAK FLOW RESPONSES; EGG BURIAL DEPTHS; RAIN-ON-SNOW; WESTERN CASCADES; LARGE BASINS; FOREST ROADS; BULL TROUT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RUNOFF PRODUCTION; FILL DEPTHS AB The potential for forest harvest to increase snowmelt rates in maritime snow climates is well recognized. However, questions still exist about the Magnitude of peak flow increases in basins larger than 10 km(2) and (lie geomorphic and biological consequences of these changes. [it this study, We used observations front two nearly adjacent small basins (13 and 30 km(2)) in the Coeur d'Alene River basin, one with recent, relative]), extensive, timber harvest, and the other with little disturbance in the last 50 years to explore changes in peak flows due to timber harvest and their potential effects on fish. Peak discharge was computed for a specific rain-on-snow event using a series of physical models that linked predicted values of snowmelt input to a runoff-routing model. Predictions indicate that timber harvest caused a 25% increase in the peak flow of the modelled event and increased the frequency of events of this magnitude front a 9-year recurrence interval to a 3.6-year event. These changes in hydrologic regime, with larger discharges at shorter recurrence intervals, are predicted to increase the depth and frequency of streambed scour, causing up to 15% added mortality of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) embryos. Mortality front increased scour, although not catastrophic, may have contributed to the extirpation of this species from the Coeur d'Alene basin, given the widespread timber harvest that occurred in this region. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Tonina, Daniele; Luce, Charles H.; Rieman, Bruce; Buffington, John M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Tonina, Daniele] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goodwin, Peter; Clayton, Stephen R.; Barry, Jeffrey J.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Boise, ID USA. [Ali, Shawkat Md.] ETC Engn Inc, Little Rock, AR USA. [Berenbrock, Charles] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Tonina, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. EM dtonina@fs.fed.us RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008; Tonina, Daniele/I-7688-2012 OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662; Tonina, Daniele/0000-0002-1866-1013 NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 22 IS 17 BP 3223 EP 3235 DI 10.1002/hyp.6918 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 338PK UT WOS:000258519700001 ER PT J AU Rasooly, R Stanker, LH Carter, JM Do, PM Cheng, LW He, XH Brandon, DL AF Rasooly, Reuven Stanker, Larry H. Carter, John Mark Do, Paula M. Cheng, Luisa W. He, Xiaohua Brandon, David L. TI Detection of botulinum neurotoxin-A activity in food by peptide cleavage assay SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; detection; immunomagnetic separation; internally quenched fluorogenic peptide ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SEROTYPE-A; TOXIN AB The World Health Organization (WHO) and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have labeled botulinum toxins as a high priority biological agent that may be used in terrorist attacks against food supplies. Due to this threat there is an increased need to develop fast and effective methods to detect active botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). This study reports the successful use of an enzymatic assay employing an internally quenched fluorogenic peptide as a fast, simple and inexpensive alternative to the mouse bioassay. In less than 15 min the assay can detect 0.25 nM BoNT-A in liquid food samples. The detection level is far below the adult human lethal oral dose of 70 mu g of toxin. Immunomagnetic beads coated with IgG monoclonal antibodies that target the toxin heavy chain can concentrate the toxin without neutralizing its enzymatic activity, overcoming matrix effects caused by endogenous protease inhibitors and peptidases. This fast and effective assay system could be used for large scale screening to detect BoNT-A. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rasooly, Reuven; Stanker, Larry H.; Carter, John Mark; Do, Paula M.; Cheng, Luisa W.; He, Xiaohua; Brandon, David L.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Rasooly, R (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM reuven.rasooly@ars.usda.gov RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015 OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168 NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.05.012 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 343ZE UT WOS:000258894200021 PM 18571757 ER PT J AU Woods, KK Selling, GW AF Woods, Kristen Kruger Selling, Gordon W. TI Melt reaction of zein with glyoxal to improve tensile strength and reduce solubility SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE zein; glyoxal; crosslinking; extrusion; melt ID CROSS-LINKING; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; GLUTARALDEHYDE; FORMALDEHYDE; FILMS; WATER AB Glyoxal, in the presence of base, has been used to crosslink zein in a melt process involving reaction in a melt state combined with compression molding. The resulting zein articles had improved tensile strength, increasing from 34.3 to 40.6 MPa, when the amount of glyoxal was 6% by zein weight. Reduced solubility in solvents, such as acetic acid, was achieved with glyoxal amounts as low as 1%. Derivitization of zein by glyoxal required the presence of base. As little as 0.00019 mmol of NaOH per gram of zein when using 6% glyoxal gave reduced solubility. Other bases such as KOH and Ca(OH)(2) also gave reduced solubility. However, these bases did not yield improvements in tensile strength. Decreases in melt temperature and processing time caused a corresponding decrease in tensile strength, but had little effect on solubility. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Woods, Kristen Kruger; Selling, Gordon W.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Selling, GW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gordon.selling@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 109 IS 4 BP 2375 EP 2383 DI 10.1002/app.28334 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 314ZK UT WOS:000256847500037 ER PT J AU Giraldo, MA Bosch, D Madden, M Usery, L Kvien, C AF Giraldo, Mario A. Bosch, David Madden, Marguerite Usery, Lynn Kvien, Craig TI Landscape complexity and soil moisture variation in south Georgia, USA, for remote sensing applications SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE spatio-temporal analysis; soil moisture; remote sensing; landscape ecology ID WATER-CONTENT; SCALE; STABILITY; SATELLITE; TIME; VEGETATION; CATCHMENT; PATTERNS; SMEX02; PIXEL AB This research addressed the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture (SM) in a heterogeneous landscape. The research objective was to investigate soil moisture variation in eight homogeneous 30 by 30 m plots, similar to the pixel size of a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) or Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) image. The plots were adjacent to eight stations of an in situ soil moisture network operated by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service USDA-ARS in Tifton, GA. We also studied five adjacent agricultural fields to examine the effect of different landuses/land covers (LULC) (grass, orchard, peanuts, cotton and bare soil) on the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture. Soil moisture field data were collected on eight occasions throughout 2005 and January 2006 to establish comparisons within and among eight homogeneous plots. Consistently throughout time, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed high variation in the soil moisture behavior among the plots and high homogeneity in the soil moisture behavior within them. A precipitation analysis for the eight sampling dates throughout the year 2005 showed similar rainfall conditions for the eight study plots. Therefore, soil moisture variation among locations was explained by in situ local conditions. Temporal stability geostatistical analysis showed that soil moisture has high temporal stability within the small plots and that a single point reading can be used to monitor soil moisture status for the plot within a maximum 3% volume/volume (v/v) soil moisture variation. Similarly, t-statistic analysis showed that soil moisture status in the upper soil layer changes within 24 h. We found statistical differences in the soil moisture between the different LULC in the agricultural fields as well as statistical differences between these fields and the adjacent 30 by 30 m plots. From this analysis, it was demonstrated that spatial proximity is not enough to produce similar soil moisture, since t-test's among adjacent plots with different LULCs showed significant differences. These results confirm that a remote sensing approach that considers homogeneous LULC landscape fragments can be used to identify landscape units of similar soil moisture behavior under heterogeneous landscapes. In addition, the in situ USDA-ARS network wilt serve better in remote sensing studies in which sensors with fine spatial resolution are evaluated. This study is a first step towards identifying landscape units that can be monitored using the single point reading of the USDA-ARS stations network. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Giraldo, Mario A.; Madden, Marguerite] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Ctr Remote Sensing & Mapping Sci CRMS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bosch, David] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Usery, Lynn] US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. [Kvien, Craig] NESPAL UGA, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Giraldo, Mario A.] Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Geog, Atlanta, GA 30144 USA. RP Giraldo, MA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Ctr Remote Sensing & Mapping Sci CRMS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mgiraldo@uga.edu; David.Bosch@ars.usda.gov; mmadden@uga.edu FU United States Geological Survey, Rolla, Missouri (USGS); United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service- South East Watershed Research Laboratory, Tifton, Georgia (USDA-ARS-SEWRL); National Environmental Sound Production Agriculture Laboratory, University of Georgia (NESPAL-UGA) FX This research was funded by an agreement between the United States Geological Survey, Rolla, Missouri (USGS), United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service- South East Watershed Research Laboratory, Tifton, Georgia (USDA-ARS-SEWRL) and National Environmental Sound Production Agriculture Laboratory, University of Georgia (NESPAL-UGA). The authors express their gratitude to the personnel of the precision agriculture laboratory at NESPAL for their help in the field data collection, Mr. Michael Finn at USGS Rolla, Missouri and to Ms. Laura Marshal and the personal of USDA-ARS Tifton station that administrate the Hydra-probe network. We also thank the editor and the anonymous reviewer whose comments helped to improve the manuscript. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 357 IS 3-4 BP 405 EP 420 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.05.02 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 338CK UT WOS:000258482400017 ER PT J AU Elliott, DE Metwali, A Leung, J Setiawan, T Blum, AM Ince, MN Bazzone, LE Stadecker, MJ Urban, JF Weinstock, JV AF Elliott, David E. Metwali, Ahmed Leung, John Setiawan, Tommy Blum, Arthur M. Ince, M. Nedim Bazzone, Lindsey E. Stadecker, Miguel J. Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Weinstock, Joel V. TI Colonization with Heligmosomoides polygyrus suppresses mucosal IL-17 production SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; TNBS-INDUCED COLITIS; IL-10-DEFICIENT MICE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; MURINE MODEL; T-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-17; INFECTION AB Helminth exposure appears to protect hosts from inappropriate inflammatory responses, such as those causing inflammatory bowel disease. A recently identified, strongly proinflammatory limb of the immune response is characterized by T cell IL-17 production. Many autoimmune type inflammatory diseases are associated with IL-17 release. Because helminths protect from these diseases, we examined IL-17 production in helminth-colonized mice. We colonized mice with Heligmosomoides polygyrus, an intestinal helminth, and analyzed IL-17 production by lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells. Colonization with H. polygyrus reduces IL-17A mRNA by MLN cells and inhibits IL-17 production by cultured LPMC and MLN cells. Helminth exposure augments IL-4 and IL-10 production. Blocking both IL-4 and IL-10, but not IL-10 alone, restores IL-17 production in vitro. Colonization of colitic IL-10-deficient mice with H. polygyrus suppresses LPMC IL-17 production and improves colitis. Ab-mediated blockade of IL-17 improves colitis in IL-10-deficient mice. Thus, helminth-associated inhibition of IL-17 production is most likely an important mechanism mediating protection from inappropriate intestinal inflammation. C1 [Elliott, David E.; Metwali, Ahmed; Leung, John; Ince, M. Nedim; Weinstock, Joel V.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA. [Elliott, David E.; Metwali, Ahmed; Leung, John; Ince, M. Nedim] Univ Iowa, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA. [Setiawan, Tommy; Blum, Arthur M.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bazzone, Lindsey E.; Stadecker, Miguel J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Elliott, DE (reprint author), Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Div Gastroenterol 4611 JCP, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM david-elliott@uiowa.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI018919, R01 AI049382, AI49382, R01 AI018919]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK07663, T32 DK007663, R01 DK058755, R56 DK058755, R01 DK038327, P30 DK034928, DK58755, DK034928, DK38327, DK25295] NR 33 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 181 IS 4 BP 2414 EP 2419 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 336DU UT WOS:000258345300020 PM 18684931 ER PT J AU Martins, MA Moreno, RMB McMahan, CM Brichta, JL Goncalves, PDS Mattoso, LHC AF Martins, Maria A. Moreno, Rogerio M. B. McMahan, Colleen M. Brichta, Jenny L. Goncalves, Paulo de S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. TI Thermooxidative study of raw natural rubber from Brazilian IAC 300 series clones SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE thermal analysis; Hevea; TGA; DSC; glass transition temperature; molecular weight ID SAO-PAULO STATE; HEVEA-BRASILIENSIS; GLASS-TRANSITION; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; LATEX; ELASTOMERS; BEHAVIOR; PERFORMANCE; GEL AB The improvement of rubber tree species is of key importance due to the worldwide market demand of this renewable material essential for several types of industries. The thermal performance of natural rubber produced from new clones of IAC 300 series, and the Malaysian RRIM 600 clone(used as Control) have been evaluated using DSC and TGA/DTG techniques in air and nitrogen atmospheres. The results have shown that in oxidative atmosphere, the thermal stability of the Brazilian clones was slightly better than that of the Malaysian clone RRIM 600, and that, in an inert atmosphere, there are no significant differences in the thermal behavior among them. The natural rubbers from IAC clones have shown good thermal stability up to 300 degrees C in inert and oxidative atmospheres, which is important for several industrial applications. The decomposition changes from a one step process to a three step process, when moving from an inert to an oxidative atmosphere. The index of thermal stability has shown that the natural rubbers have higher thermal stability in inert atmosphere. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Martins, Maria A.; Moreno, Rogerio M. B.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martins, Maria A.; Goncalves, Paulo de S.] Programa Serinngueira, IAC, APTA, BR-13020902 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [McMahan, Colleen M.; Brichta, Jenny L.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA USA. RP Mattoso, LHC (reprint author), Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, Rua XV Novembro,1452, BR-13560970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM mariaalice@cnpdia.embrapa.br; rogerio@cnpdia.embrapa.br; cmcmahan@pw.usda.gov; jenny.brichta@ars.usda.gov; paulog@iac.sp.gov.br; mattoso@cnpdia.embrapa.br RI McMahan, Colleen/B-2205-2009; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU FAPESP; CNPq (Brazil); United States Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service FX The authors thank FAPESP and CNPq (Brazil) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service for their financial Support. The authors express their appreciation to Dr. John Gorsuch and Ms. Shari Hart for their thoughtful review. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 474 IS 1-2 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2008.06.001 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 345SZ UT WOS:000259018300012 ER PT J AU Bastos, RG Johnson, WC Mwangi, W Brown, WC Goff, WL AF Bastos, R. G. Johnson, W. C. Mwangi, W. Brown, W. C. Goff, W. L. TI Bovine NK cells acquire cytotoxic activity and produce IFN-gamma after stimulation by Mycobacterium bovis BCG- or Babesia bovis-exposed splenic dendritic cells SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NK cells; splenic dendritic cells; innate immunity; bovine; babesiosis; IFN-gamma; cytotoxicity ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; FAS-LIGAND; IN-VIVO; MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY; INFECTED MACROPHAGES; INNATE RESISTANCE; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; ACTIVATION; IDENTIFICATION; INVOLVEMENT AB Early interactions of innate immune cell populations, such as dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells, can affect the ability of the acquired immune response to control infection of intracellular microorganisms. In this Study. we investigated the activation of bovine NK cells by CD13(+) splenic DC Stimulated with either Mycobacterium bovis BCG or Babesia bovis merozoites. Splenic DC were used either immediately after selection (cytokine(-)) or after exposure to GM-CSF, IL-4 and Flt3L for 72 h (cytokine(+)). Phenotypic analyses showed up-regulation of MHCII, CD80 and CD86 on cytokine(+) DC when compared to cytokine(-) DC. Purified NK cells (CD335(+)CD3(-)CD2(+/-)CD8 alpha(+/-)) were co-cultured with microbial-exposed cytokine(-) DC or cytokine(+) DC in either transwell or cell-to-cell format and NK cell IFN-gamma production and cytotoxicity were assessed. NK cell IFN-gamma production was dependent on cell-to-cell contact. Microbial-stimulated cytokine(+) DC induced significantly more IFN-gamma production from NK cells than cytokine- cells. In contrast. cytotoxicity and perform up-regulation were more pronounced in NK cells cultured with cytokinc(-) DC than cylokine(+) DC. Therefore, activation of bovine NK cells by microbial-stimulated CD13(+) splenic DC is influenced by the Maturation state of the DC suggesting different roles for the splenic DC during disease-induced maturation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bastos, R. G.; Johnson, W. C.; Goff, W. L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bastos, R. G.; Brown, W. C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mwangi, W.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Goff, WL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, 3003 ADBF,POB 646630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM wgoff@vetmed.wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS-ADRU-CRIS [5348-32000-010]; USDA CSREES [2005-01693] FX We appreciate the excellent technical assistance provided by Paul Lacy and for the care of animals provided by Emma Karel, Ralph Horn, Duane Chandler and Amy Hetrick. This study was supported financially by USDA-ARS-ADRU-CRIS no. 5348-32000-010 and USDA CSREES 2005-01693. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 124 IS 3-4 BP 302 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.04.004 PG 11 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 340IE UT WOS:000258638500011 PM 18514329 ER PT J AU Kim, CH Lillehoj, HS Bliss, TW Keeler, CL Hong, YH Park, DW Yamage, M Min, W Lillehoj, EP AF Kim, Chul Hong Lillehoj, Hyun S. Bliss, Travis W. Keeler, Calvin L. Hong, Yeong Ho Park, Dong Woon Yamage, Mat Min, Wongi Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Construction and application of an avian intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte cDNA microarray (AVIELA) for gene expression profiling during Eimeria maxima infection SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intraepithelial lymphocytes; Eimeria; cDNA microarray; coccidiosis; mucosal immunity; chicken; mucosal pathogen ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DNA MICROARRAYS; T-CELLS; CHICKEN; COCCIDIOSIS; VACCINATION; STRAINS; PHOSPHATASES; ACERVULINA; ACTIVATION AB Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyles (IELs) are the primary immune effector cells in the gut and play a critical role ill eliciting protective immunity, to enteric pathogens such as Eimeria, the etiologic agent of avian coccidiosis. In this study, a microarray of genes expressed by intestinal IELs front Eimeria-infected chickens was constructed using the expressed sequence tag (EST) strategy, The avian intestinal IEL cDNA microarray (AVIELA) contained duplicates of 9668 individual ESTs (6654 known genes and 3014 unique singletons of unknown identity) and was used to analyze gene expression profiles during primary and secondary Eimeria maxima infections. Following primary inoculation with E. maxima, the expression levels of 74 genes were significantly altered more than two-fold over the 3-day infection period (51 up-regulated, 23 down-regulated). Following secondary infection, the expression levels, of 309 genes were significantly altered (62 up-regulated, 246 down-regulated). Pathway gene analysis indicated that many of the modulated genes were related to apoptosis, JAK/STAT, MAPK, interleukin, and TLR signaling pathways, and involving innate and adaptive immune responses. This chicken IEL microarray will provide a valuable resource for future transcriptional profiling of the genes involved in protective immunity to chicken enteric pathogens. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kim, Chul Hong; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Hong, Yeong Ho; Park, Dong Woon; Yamage, Mat; Min, Wongi] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bliss, Travis W.; Keeler, Calvin L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bldg 1040,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2002-35204-12368, 2004-35204-14798] FX Author thank Dr. Rami Dalloul, Ms. Margie Nichols, and Ms. Diane Hawkins-Cooper for experimental support. This work was supported by funds from the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grants # 2002-35204-12368 and # 2004-35204-14798. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD AUG 15 PY 2008 VL 124 IS 3-4 BP 341 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.04.013 PG 14 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 340IE UT WOS:000258638500015 PM 18538860 ER EF