FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Martinez-Reyna, JM Vogel, KP AF Martinez-Reyna, Juan M. Vogel, Kenneth P. TI Heterosis in switchgrass: Spaced plants SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPLAST DNA POLYMORPHISMS; PANICUM-VIRGATUM L; LOLIUM-PERENNE; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; ADAPTATION REGIONS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; MARKERS; L.; CLASSIFICATION C1 [Vogel, Kenneth P.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Martinez-Reyna, Juan M.] Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 314 Biochem Hall,POB 8307377, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Ken.Vogel@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1312 EP 1320 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0695 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100006 ER PT J AU Zhang, B Chen, PY Chen, CY Wang, DC Shi, AN Hou, AF Ishibashi, T AF Zhang, Bo Chen, Pengyin Chen, Charles Y. Wang, Dechun Shi, Ainong Hou, Anfu Ishibashi, Tetsuaki TI Quantitative trait loci mapping of seed hardiness in soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POPULATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; VALUES; QTLS; PRODUCTS; MARKERS; MERRILL; YIELD AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds with undesirable texture cause processing complications in soyfood production. Seed hardness is an important quality attribute for food-grade soybeans. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with seed hardness in soybean. Three generations of F-2 derived lines (159 F-2,F-3, F-2:4, and F-2;5 lines) from a soft ('SS-516') x hard ('Camp') soybean cross were grown in a replicated test in Fayetteville, AR, in 2003, 2004, and 2005. Pressure-cooked samples from each line were tested for seed hardness using a texture analyzer. A total of 874 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to screen the parents; 177 out of 236 polymorphic markers between the parents showed polymorphism in the F-2.3 lines. A linkage map for seed hardness was established using 148 SSR markers, 15 of which were new and added to the current public soybean genetic linkage map. All identified markers were placed on 19 linkage groups (LGs) and covered 1363.7 cM of the soybean genome with an average distance of 9.6 cM between markers. Broad-sense heritability was estimated to be 0.56 for seed hardness. Two stable QTLs across environments (Ha1 and Hat, p < 0.00001) were identified near Satt229 on LG Land Satt531 on LG D1a, respectively, for the average seed hardness over 3 yr. Ha1 had a logarithmic odds score of 6.17 with R-2 = 12.7%; Hat had a score of 5.08 with R-2 = 36.1%. A dominance-by-dominance interaction was detected between Ha1 and Ha2, explaining 7.9% of the phenotypic variance. Research is under way to confirm the identified QTLs for soybean seed hardness in multiple populations with different genetic backgrounds. C1 [Zhang, Bo; Chen, Pengyin; Shi, Ainong; Hou, Anfu; Ishibashi, Tetsuaki] Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Chen, Charles Y.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Wang, Dechun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Chen, PY (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 115 Plant Sci Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM pchen@uark.edu NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1341 EP 1349 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0544 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100010 ER PT J AU Hill, NS Neate, SM Cooper, B Horsley, R Schwarz, P Dahleen, LS Smith, KP O'Donnell, K Reeves, J AF Hill, N. S. Neate, S. M. Cooper, B. Horsley, R. Schwarz, P. Dahleen, L. S. Smith, K. P. O'Donnell, K. Reeves, J. TI Comparison of ELISA for Fusarium, visual screening, and deoxynivalenol analysis of Fusarium head blight for barley field nurseries SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLANT RESISTANCE GENES; WHEAT; ACCUMULATION; GRAMINEARUM; ERGOSTEROL; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SCAB AB Breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight {FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein) Petch]} is complicated because there is no accurate method for quantifying the disease organism. Most breeders rely on visual scoring for FHB and deoxynivalenol (DON) analysis to assess disease severity, but both DON and visual scoring are subject to error. The objective of this study was to compare a Fusarium-specific quantifiable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to DON and visual assessment of FHB. A doubled-haploid mapping population was grown in two environments and breeding lines in the North American Barley Scab Evaluation Nursery (NABSEN) were grown at four locations. Both experiments used a randomized complete block design and were analyzed for Fusarium by ELISA, DON, and visually scored for FHB. ELISA values for the doubled-haploid lines were consistent over years, and lines that were low in ELISA were also low in DON. Broad sense heritability was greater for ELISA (0.48) than DON (0.19) or visual scores of disease (0.29) in the NABSEN study. Numbers of locations and replications necessary to screen for disease were calculated for ELISA, DON, and FHB. ELISA required one-third to one-fourth as many replications and locations as did DON or FHB. Temperature and osmotic potential had little effect on mycelial antigen used for ELISA in vitro, but both affected DON. ELISA is a practical alternative to combined visual scores and DON analysis for breeders interested in improving FHB resistance. C1 [Hill, N. S.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Neate, S. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Cooper, B.] Busch Agr Res Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Horsley, R.; Schwarz, P.] N Dakota State Univ, Plant Sci Dep, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Dahleen, L. S.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Smith, K. P.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Donnell, K.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Reeves, J.] Univ Georgia, Dep Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hill, NS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM nhill@uga.edu NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1389 EP 1398 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.05.0266 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100016 ER PT J AU Sherman, JD Souza, E See, D Talbert, LE AF Sherman, J. D. Souza, E. See, D. Talbert, L. E. TI Microsatellite markers for kernel color genes in wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; GRAIN COLOR; HARD WHITE; MAP; FLOUR AB The establishment of hard white wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a viable alternative for growers has been impeded by several factors, one of which is that new hard white wheat cultivars may not be competitive with hard red cultivars. This is due to the fact that most breeding programs devote more resources to hard red wheat, and that the genetics of kernel color makes rapid conversion of red to white kernel color problematic. Three homoeologous loci control kernel color, with red being dominant. A single red allele is sufficient to cause the kernel to be classified as red. A rapid conversion of red-seeded genotypes to white-seeded types would be facilitated by the use of molecular markers to help select for the recessive alleles for white color. In this experiment, we developed three populations that were segregating at only one of each of three respective color loci, being homozygous recessive at the other two. F-2 plants or recombinant inbred lines were assayed for kernel color and screened with a series of microsatellite markers. Linked microsatellite markers were identified for all loci. A validation experiment was established with a population of 1786 F2 plants from a cross between a red-seeded line and white-seeded line. The markers were 100% diagnostic for the white-seeded phenotype in this population. Thus, the markers will find utility in backcrossing programs to convert red-seeded wheat to white. C1 [Sherman, J. D.; Talbert, L. E.] Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Souza, E.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Res, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [See, D.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Small Grain Genotyping Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Talbert, LE (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dep Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM usslt@montana.edu NR 20 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1419 EP 1424 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0561 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100019 ER PT J AU Tesso, T Kapran, I Grenier, C Snow, A Sweeney, P Pedersen, J Marx, D Bothma, G Ejeta, G AF Tesso, Tesfaye Kapran, Issoufou Grenier, Cecile Snow, Allison Sweeney, Patricia Pedersen, Jeff Marx, David Bothma, Gurling Ejeta, Gebisa TI The potential for crop-to-wild gene flow in sorghum in Ethiopia and Niger: A geographic survey SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HALEPENSE L PERS; TRANSGENIC SORGHUM; MICROPROJECTILE BOMBARDMENT; SPONTANEOUS HYBRIDIZATION; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; WIDE CROSSES; L. MOENCH; BICOLOR; PLANTS; JOHNSONGRASS AB Information about the potential for crop-wild hybridization is needed to understand how crop genes, including transgenes, affect the population genetics and ecology of sexually compatible relatives. Transgenic sorghum is under development for use by traditional farmers in Africa, the center of origin for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], but systematic surveys of the current extent of contact with wild and weedy relatives are lacking. We studied wild and weedy sorghums that are interfertile with the crop and constitute a crop-wild-weed complex. The survey was conducted in 2005 in areas of traditional sorghum cultivation in three regions of Ethiopia and two regions of Niger. Within each region, we examined eight representative sorghum fields at each of 10 locations during peak flowering of the crop. In all regions, wild and weedy sorghum occurred intermixed with and adjacent to cultivated sorghum. Wild and weedy sorghums were detected at 56, 44, and 13% of the Ethiopian sites (Amhara, Tigray, and Hararghe regions, respectively), and 74 and 63% of sites in Niger (Maradi-Tahoua and Tillabery-Dosso regions, respectively). Flowering periods of wild and weedy sorghum populations overlapped with those of cultivated sorghum at most sites where the two co-occurred, especially in Ethiopia, and many putative crop-wild hybrids were observed. Therefore, current gene transfer from cultivated sorghum to wild and weedy sorghum populations in Ethiopia and Niger is likely to be widespread. C1 [Grenier, Cecile; Ejeta, Gebisa] Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Tesso, Tesfaye] Ethiopian Inst Agr Res, Nazareth, Ethiopia. [Kapran, Issoufou] INRAN, Niamey, Niger. [Snow, Allison; Sweeney, Patricia] Ohio State Univ, Dep Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pedersen, Jeff; Marx, David] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Pedersen, Jeff; Marx, David] Univ Nebraska, Dep Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bothma, Gurling] Vegetable & Ornamental Plant Inst, Agr Res Council, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Ejeta, G (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dep Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM gejeta@purdue.edu NR 47 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1425 EP 1431 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0441 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100020 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Griffey, C Kweon, M Guttieri, M AF Souza, E. J. Griffey, C. Kweon, M. Guttieri, M. TI Sources of variation for long-flow experimental milling SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RED WINTER-WHEAT; BAKING QUALITY; SOFT; ENVIRONMENT; CULTIVARS; GENOTYPE AB Flour milling quality of new wheat cultivars routinely is measured on long-flow experimental flour mills with multiple break and reduction rolls that produce many mill streams. Virginia State wheat trials were evaluated to determine the relative contributions of genotypes, production years, and error to the variation in long-flow milling traits using the Allis-Chalmers long-flow flour mill at the USDA Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory. In one study, 11 cultivars were evaluated for five years. Variation due to error, which was based on the cultivar x year interactions, was half the size of genotypic variance for straight-grade and break-flour yield. In the second study, 27 cultivars were evaluated for two years. Genotype was a more important source of variance for milling traits than error. Error variances were approximately one-half of the genotype variances for straight-grade flour yield and break-flour yield. One paired evaluation between an experimental line and a standard cultivar may be sufficient to detect large differences in milling performance between an experimental and a check cultivar. However other milling and flour characteristics tended to have smaller ratios of genotype to error variance, suggesting that greater levels of replication may be required than for straight-grade flour yield. C1 [Souza, E. J.; Kweon, M.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Griffey, C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Environ Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Guttieri, M.] Ohio State Univ, Hort & Crop Sci Dep, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM edward.souza@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1432 EP 1440 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0562 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100021 ER PT J AU Brevis, JC Chicaiza, O Khan, IA Jackson, L Morris, CF Dubcovsky, J AF Brevis, Juan Carlos Chicaiza, Osvaldo Khan, Imtiaz A. Jackson, Lee Morris, Craig F. Dubcovsky, Jorge TI Agronomic and quality evaluation of common wheat near-isogenic lines carrying the leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RED SPRING WHEAT; GRAIN PROTEIN-CONCENTRATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; L. VAR. DICOCCOIDES; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; LODGING RESISTANCE; YIELD; WINTER; REGISTRATION; POPULATIONS AB Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) causes significant yield losses in wheat production worldwide. Genetic resistance is a cost-effective way to reduce these losses. Among the known leaf rust (Lr) resistance genes, nearly half are from alien sources. However, their deployment into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars has been limited, likely because of fear of potential negative effects of linked alien genes. We report here the effects of the Lr47 introgression from Triticum speltoides on agronomic and quality traits in common wheat. Five pairs of hard red spring near-isogenic lines were tested in replicated field trials from 2002 to 2004. The presence of the Lr47 introgression was associated with an overall 3.8% reduction in grain yield (220 kg ha(-1)), but it varied significantly across genotypes and environments. The Lr47 introgression also affected several quality parameters. Lines with the alien Lr47 segment showed consistent increases in grain and flour protein concentration (4 to 5 g kg(-1), P < 0.01) but also highly significant decreases in flour yield (21.8 g kg(-1), P < 0.001) and increases in flour ash (0.14 g kg(-1), P < 0.01). This information will help wheat breeders make informed decisions about the deployment of Lr47 in their breeding programs. An additional round of homeologous recombination will be necessary to determine if the detrimental effects on milling parameters are pleiotropic effects of Lr47 or the result of linked genes. C1 [Brevis, Juan Carlos; Chicaiza, Osvaldo; Khan, Imtiaz A.; Jackson, Lee; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Dubcovsky, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jdub-covsky@ucdavis.edu RI Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 NR 38 TC 16 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1441 EP 1451 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.09.0537 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100022 ER PT J AU Mittal, S Dahleen, LS Mornhinweg, D AF Mittal, Shipra Dahleen, Lynn S. Mornhinweg, Dolores TI Locations of quantitative trait loci conferring Russian wheat aphid resistance in barley germplasm STARS-9301B SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPRING BARLEY; LINES RESISTANT; LINKAGE MAP; DNA MARKERS; REGISTRATION; INHERITANCE; GENES; ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYMORPHISM; STARS-9577B AB Russian wheat aphid (RWA, Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov) infestations reduce grain yield and quality and have caused more than $1 billion in losses for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the western United States since 1986. Our objective was to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring resistance to RWA feeding damage in the germplasm line STARS-9301B via polymerase chain reaction-based marker assays of 191 F-2-derived F-3 families from the cross 'Morex'/STARS-9301B. Morex is a susceptible six-rowed malting barley. STARS-9301B is a selection from RWA-resistant Afghanistan introduction PI366450. Replicated seedling reactions to RWA infestations were used to phenotype each family based on a 1 to 9 visual rating of chlorosis. A total of 107 molecular markers was used to construct a linkage map. Quantitative trait loci analysis identified two major QTLs for resistance. The QTL on the short arm of chromosome 1H was associated with B-hordein and explained 26% of the variation for RWA reaction. A QTL on chromosome 3H associated with EBmac0541 explained 38% of the variation. A minor QTL on chromosome 2H was associated with marker GBM1523 and explained 6% of the variation. A combined analysis indicated that the marker-QTL associations explained 59% of the phenotypic variation for RWA resistance. These markers linked with QTLs will be valuable in breeding for RWA resistance. Pyramiding the genes from STARS-9301B with genes from other sources will be helpful for long-term protection against RWA in barley. C1 [Dahleen, Lynn S.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Mittal, Shipra] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Mornhinweg, Dolores] USDA, ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Dahleen, LS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM lynn.dahleen@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1452 EP 1458 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0651 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100023 ER PT J AU Corral, JAR Puga, ND Gonzalez, JDS Parra, JR Eguiarte, DRG Holland, JB Garcia, GM AF Ruiz Corral, Jose Ariel Puga, Noe Duran Sanchez Gonzalez, Jose de Jesus Parra, Jose Ron Gonzalez Eguiarte, Diego Raymundo Holland, J. B. Medina Garcia, Guillermo TI Climatic adaptation and ecological descriptors of 42 Mexican maize races SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ACCESSIONS; AMERICAN; GERMPLASM; DIVERSITY; TEOSINTE; ORIGIN AB To better understand the range of adaptation of maize (Zea mays L.) landraces, climatic adaptation intervals of 42 Mexican maize races were determined. A database of 4161 maize accessions was used to characterize altitudinal and climatic conditions where the 42 maize races grow, yielding ecological descriptors for each race. Using the geographical coordinates of the collection sites of each accession, their climatic conditions were characterized using the geographic information system IDRISI and a national environmental information system. Analyses of variance and cluster analyses of the racial ecological descriptors were performed to determine possible environmental groupings of the races. We found a very high level of variation among and within Mexican maize races for climate adaptation and ecological descriptors. The general overall climatic ranges for maize were 0 to 2900 m of altitude, 11.3 to 26.6 degrees C annual mean temperature, 12.0 to 29.1 degrees C growing season mean temperature, 426 to 4245 mm annual rainfall, 400 to 3555 mm growing season rainfall, and 12.46 to 12.98 h mean growing season day-length. These climatic ranges of maize surpass those from its closest relative, teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis litis and Doebley), indicating that maize has evolved adaptability beyond the environmental range in which ancestral maize was first domesticated. C1 [Ruiz Corral, Jose Ariel] Univ Guadalajara, Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agrcolas & Pecuarias, Guadalajara 44660, Jalisco, Mexico. [Puga, Noe Duran; Sanchez Gonzalez, Jose de Jesus; Parra, Jose Ron; Gonzalez Eguiarte, Diego Raymundo] Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Ciencias Biol & Agropecuarias, Zapopan 45110, Jalisco, Mexico. [Holland, J. B.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agricolas & Pecuarias, Calera De VR, Zacatecas, Mexico. RP Corral, JAR (reprint author), Univ Guadalajara, Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agrcolas & Pecuarias, Parque Los Colomos S-N 2Da Secc, Guadalajara 44660, Jalisco, Mexico. EM ruiz.ariel@inifap.gob.mx OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 NR 42 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1502 EP 1512 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.09.0518 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100028 ER PT J AU Ristic, Z Bukovnik, U Prasad, PVV West, M AF Ristic, Zoran Bukovnik, Urska Prasad, P. V. Vara West, Mark TI A model for prediction of heat stability of photosynthetic membranes SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRESS; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE; THYLAKOID MEMBRANES; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ENDOGENOUS LEVELS; LEAF TEMPERATURE; INTACT LEAVES; ABSCISIC-ACID; WINTER-WHEAT AB A previous study revealed a positive correlation between heat-induced damage to photosynthetic membranes (thylakoid membranes) and chlorophyll loss. In this study, we exploited this correlation and developed a model for predicting thermal damage to thylakoids. Prediction is based on estimation of the ratio of constant chlorophyll a fluorescence (O) and the peak of variable fluorescence (P) (O/P). The model was developed using 12 cultivars of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It was tested in six genotypes of hexaploid wheat, 25 genotypes of tetraploid wheat (T. turgidum L.), and 20 genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.). Predictive ability was assessed by analyzing the relationship between the predicted and measured O/P. The model adequately predicted O/P and thereby the heat stability of thylakoid membranes in all genotype groups with high coefficients of determination (r(2) > 0.80). This model could be used as an easy and inexpensive means for detection of the structural and functional state of photosynthetic membranes in wheat and maize, and possibly other crops, in hot environments. C1 [Ristic, Zoran] USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bukovnik, Urska; Prasad, P. V. Vara] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [West, Mark] USDA ARS, No Plains Area Off, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ristic, Z (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throcktmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM zoran.ristic@ars.usda.gov RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012 OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1513 EP 1522 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0648 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100029 ER PT J AU Williams, CL Liebman, M Edwards, JW James, DE Singer, JW Arritt, R Herzmann, D AF Williams, Carol L. Liebman, Matt Edwards, Jode W. James, David E. Singer, Jeremy W. Arritt, Ray Herzmann, Daryl TI Patterns of regional yield stability in association with regional environmental characteristics SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; WHEAT YIELD; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; PLANT-POPULATIONS; SOIL PROPERTIES; SOYBEAN YIELD; GRAIN-YIELD; CROP; CORN; REGRESSION AB Regional-level recurring spatial patterns of yield variability are important for commercial activities, strategic agricultural planning, and public policy, but little is known about the factors contributing to their formation. An important step to improve our understanding is recognizing regional spatial patterns of yield variability in association with regional environmental characteristics. We examined the spatial distribution of county-level mean yields and CVs of mean yields of four functionally different crops-corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and oat (Avena sativa L.)-in Iowa using Moran's Index of spatial auto-correlation. Patterns of association with 12 county-level climatic, edaphic, and topographic environmental characteristics were examined using partial least squares regression. Two distinct geographic provinces of yield stability were identified: one in the northern two-thirds of the state characterized by high mean yields and high yield constancy, and one in the southern third of the state characterized by low mean yields and low yield constancy. Among eight partial least squares regression models, which explained 50 to 81% of variation of mean yields and yield CVs, mean organic matter and mean depth to seasonally high water table had greatest relative importance to mean yields of grass crops and legume crops, respectively. Among the CV models, variables describing water availability were of greatest relative importance, with less distinct differences between grass and legume crops. Partial least squares regression is a potentially powerful tool for understanding regional yield variability. C1 [Williams, Carol L.; Liebman, Matt; Arritt, Ray; Herzmann, Daryl] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Edwards, Jode W.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [James, David E.; Singer, Jeremy W.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Williams, CL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 2101 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM willico@iastate.edu RI Singer, Jeremy/G-6260-2010 NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1545 EP 1559 DI 10.2135/cropsci2006.12.0837 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100032 ER PT J AU Seabourn, BW Xie, F Chung, OK AF Seabourn, Bradford W. Xie, Feng Chung, Okkyung K. TI Rapid determination of dough optimum mixing time for early generation wheat breeding lines using FT-HATR infrared spectroscopy SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; GLUTEN PROTEINS; FLOUR PROTEINS; QUALITY; SPECTRA; AGENTS AB The traditional method in the United States for screening hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding lines is based on the optimum mixing time (MT), an important rheological property of a wheat flour-water (dough) system typically obtained from the mixograph. This method is time consuming and requires some degree of subjective interpretation, especially with regard to mixing tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of Fourier transform horizontal attenuated total reflectance (FT-HATR) spectroscopy to objectively predict optimum MT in doughs from a short-duration mixing cycle (1 min). A total of 55 hard winter wheat flours with varying protein contents and MTs were scanned in the amide III region of the mid-infrared by FT-HATR immediately after being mixed 1 min with a mixograph. Regression analysis of the ratio of the band areas at 1336 cm(-1) (alpha-helix) and 1242 cm(-1) (beta sheet) versus optimum MT as determined by the mixograph showed a quadratic response with an R-2 value of 0.81. Results from this study indicate that optimum MT could be predicted early in the mixing process based on changes in the secondary structure of the dough protein (gluten). This method could provide the basis for new technology to rapidly and accurately screen wheat samples in early generation breeding lines, thus saving considerable time and expense in the development of new cultivars. C1 [Seabourn, Bradford W.; Chung, Okkyung K.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Xie, Feng] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Seabourn, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM brad.seabourn@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1575 EP 1578 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.12.0669 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100035 ER PT J AU Rao, SC Northup, BK AF Rao, Srinivas C. Northup, Brian K. TI Planting date affects production and quality of grass pea forage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DRYLAND CROPPING SYSTEMS; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; GREEN-MANURE; GRAIN-YIELD; NITROGEN NUTRITION; ANNUAL LEGUMES; SOIL-NITROGEN; WHEAT AB The rising cost of commercial nitrogen fertilizers indicates that additional research is needed concerning agronomic practices required to integrate legumes into cereal-based cropping systems. This study examined how planting date affects the productivity of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) in central Oklahoma. Experimental plots (3 by 20 m, n = 3) were disked and fertilized with 60 kg P2O5 ha(-1), and inoculum-treated (Rhizobium leguminosarum) seeds ('AC-Greenfix') were planted at 60 kg ha(-1) on 15 March, 1 April, and 15 April in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Biomass, N concentration, N accumulation per hectare, and in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) of grass pea forage were determined on samples collected at 7 d of the year (DOY) after planting. Significant (P < 0.05) interactions occurred in response of biomass (DOY x year), N concentration, and IVDDM (DOY x year x planting date), and accumulated N (DOY x year; DOY x planting date). Peak biomass in 2004, 2005, and 2006 was 3900, 5800, and 3500 kg ha-1, respectively. Maximum accumulated N related to years was 115 to 157 kg ha(-1) between DOY 165 and DOY 195. Peak N accumulation of 125 to 153 kg ha(-1) occurred between DOY 180 and DOY 210. Grass pea is flexible in response to spring planting dates, indicating that it can be sown as a green manure or forage crop during a 30-d period in the southern Great Plains and still maximize biomass and N accumulation. C1 [Rao, Srinivas C.; Northup, Brian K.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rao, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM Srinivas.rao@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1629 EP 1635 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.11.0622 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100042 ER PT J AU Weston, TR Derner, JD Murrieta, CM Rule, DC Hess, BW AF Weston, T. R. Derner, J. D. Murrieta, C. M. Rule, D. C. Hess, B. W. TI Comparison of catalysts for direct transesterification of fatty acids in freeze-dried forage samples SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIPID EXTRACTION; RAPID METHOD; FEEDSTUFFS; FECES AB Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from forages comparing methanolic boron-trifluoride (BF3) to methanotic hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a catalyst in single-step direct transesterification has not been reported. Our objective was to compare 1.09 M methanolic HCl to 1.03 M (7%) methanolic BF3 as catalysts for direct transesterification of fatty acids in freeze-dried forage samples. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis revealed complete conversion of total lipid extracts to fatty acid methyl esters using both catalysts. Additionally, gas-liquid chromatography analysis confirmed similar (P = 0.95) total fatty acid concentrations for both catalysts. Regression analysis indicated that similar values for total concentration would be obtained (P < 0.0001; r(2) = 0.96; slope = 0.98 +/- 0.03) between the two catalysts: Concentrations of most individual fatty acids were similar (P = 0.17-0.99) for both catalysts. Summed weight percentages of identified fatty acids, as well as sum of unidentified peaks, were not affected (P = 0:27) by catalyst (91.8 and 8.7% vs. 90.8 and 9.2% for HCl and BF3, respectively). We conclude that 1.09 M methanolic HCl is an appropriate substitute for 1.03 M methanolic BF3 for preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from freeze-dried forage samples. This result is of interest because HCL is both less costly and less caustic than BF3. C1 [Weston, T. R.; Murrieta, C. M.; Rule, D. C.; Hess, B. W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Derner, J. D.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Ctr, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Hess, BW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM brethess@uwyo.edu NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 48 IS 4 BP 1636 EP 1641 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.07.0376sc PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 330WS UT WOS:000257974100043 ER PT J AU Martin, FN AF Martin, Frank N. TI Mitochondrial haplotype determination in the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora ramorum SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE population biology; mitochondrial genome sequencing ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; EUROPEAN POPULATIONS; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RNA GENES; DNA; PYTHIUM; ORGANIZATION; CALIFORNIA AB The mitochondrial genome of an isolate of Phytophthora ramorum from Europe (EU) was sequenced and compared to the previously published genome sequence of an isolate from California (NA). The EU mitochondrial genome had the identical gene order and encoded for the same suite of genes as the NA mitochondrial genome, but had 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and at 39,494 bp was 180 bp longer. This length difference was due to an increase in the size of the spacer region between the nad5 and nad6 genes caused by a chimeric region containing duplication of the spacer sequence and additional sequences from the flanking genes. Recombination between the 1,150 bp-inverted repeats (IR) generated orientational isomers where the gene order was reversed between the IR. A total of seven primer pairs were developed for amplification of regions where the SNPs were located and two other regions where additional SNPs were encountered when a larger number of isolates were examined. Sequence data for a total of 5,743 bp for 40 isolates collected from a range of geographic areas was compared and 28 loci were found to be polymorphic. The combination of these polymorphisms revealed a total of 4 mitochondrial haplotypes; the traditional EU (haplotype I), the traditional NA (haplotype IIa), the third nuclear lineage of the pathogen recovered from a nursery in Washington State (haplotype III) and a new haplotype representing a subgroup of NA isolates from an Oregon forest (haplotype IIb). Phylogenetic analysis using the sequences generated from the haplotype analysis supported a high affinity for haplotypes IIa and IIb, both of which were distinct from haplotype I, with haplotype I basal to these and haplotype III representing the ancestral state. C1 ARS, USDA, Improvement Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Martin, FN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Improvement Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM frank.martin@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 23 EP 34 DI 10.1007/s00294-008-0196-8 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 321ST UT WOS:000257327500003 PM 18488228 ER PT J AU Kuo, TM Rooney, AP Isbell, TA AF Kuo, Tsung Min Rooney, Alejandro P. Isbell, Terry A. TI Conversion of lesquerolic acid to 14-Oxo-11(Z)-eicosenoic acid by genetically variable Sphingobacterium multivorum strains SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; OLEIC-ACID; 10-KETOSTEARIC ACID; RICINOLEIC ACID; DIVERSITY AB We investigated new microbial systems for their ability to convert lesquerolic acid (LQA; 14-hydroxy-11(Z)-eicosenoic acid) to value-added products. A strain of Sphingobacterium multivorum (NRRL B-23212) was found previously to convert LQA to 14-oxo-11(Z)-eicosenoic acid (14-OEA) as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. Conversion of LQA was subsequently extended to examine S. multivorum and closely related species of Pedobacter, Spirosoma, Chryseobacterium, and Flavobacterium. Among 25 of such environmental isolates, a group of bacteria, whose identity was further confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as S. multivorum, was the only species found to conduct LQA conversion to produce 14-OEA. Among these strains, however, NRRL B-14797 was a variant strain devoid of the specific biologic activity. A new culture medium at pH 7.0 was defined to include Fe(2+) and Mn(2+) mineral ions, glycerol, and EDTA.2Na to improve the production of 14-OEA from the initial yields of 2% to 13% to approximately >= 75% for the reactive S. multivorum strains. These S. multivorum strains represent the first group of bacteria reported to carry out the functional modification of LQA. C1 [Kuo, Tsung Min; Rooney, Alejandro P.] ARS, Microbial Gen & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Isbell, Terry A.] ARS, New Crops Proc & Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kuo, TM (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Gen & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tsungmin.kuo@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 57 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s00284-008-9152-6 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 303ZP UT WOS:000256080100011 PM 18379841 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ Manter, DK AF Hunter, William J. Manter, Daniel K. TI Bio-reduction of selenite to elemental red selenium by Tetrathiobacter kashmirensis SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VEGETABLE OIL; GEN. NOV.; STRAIN; SELENATE; GROUNDWATER; NITRATE AB A bacterium that detoxifies selenite by reduction to insoluble elemental red selenium was isolated from soil. The strain showed an unusually high resistance to the toxic effects of selenite by growing in media containing 64 mM selenite. 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment identified the isolate as Tetrathiobacter kashmirensis. Fatty acid analysis and morphology confirmed the identification. The isolate reduced selenite to elemental selenium under aerobic conditions only. Native gel electrophoresis of cell-free extracts revealed a band, corresponding to a molecular weight of similar to 120 kDa, that reduced selenite. In culture, the strain did not reduce selenate; however, a soluble and inducible enzyme with a molecular weight of similar to 90 kDa that reduced both selenate and nitrate was present in cell-free extracts. This organism might be useful in bioreactors designed to remove selenite from contaminated water. C1 [Hunter, William J.; Manter, Daniel K.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 57 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1007/s00284-008-9160-6 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 303ZP UT WOS:000256080100016 PM 18389307 ER PT J AU Van Hekken, DL Drake, MA Tunick, MH Guerrero, VM JavierMolina-Corral, F Gardea, AA AF Van Hekken, Diane L. Drake, Mary Anne Tunick, Michael H. Guerrero, Victor M. JavierMolina-Corral, F. Gardea, Alfonso A. TI Effect of pasteurization and season on the sensorial and rheological traits of Mexican Chihuahua cheese SO DAIRY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IDF Symposium on Cheese Ripening CY MAR 09-13, 2008 CL Bern, SWITZERLAND SP IDF DE cheese; Chihuahua cheese; rheology; sensory ID QUESO-CHIHUAHUA; TEXTURE; PROFILES AB The seasonal changes in the flavors and textures ( sensorial and rheological traits) of young Mexican Chihuahua cheese made with either raw or pasteurized bovine milk (RM or PM, respectively) were determined to identify factors that contribute to the variability in the traditional flavors and textures of the cheese. Four selected brands of Chihuahua cheese from northern Mexico were obtained within days of manufacture during the winter, spring, and summer seasons and stored at 4 degrees C until evaluated; at day 10 for rheology and between days 14 to 18 for sensory. Descriptive analyses of flavors and textures were conducted with panelists trained to a universal or product-specific Spectrum (TM) intensity scale, respectively. Microbial analyses were conducted prior to testing to ensure product safety. Rheological properties were measured using texture profile, small amplitude oscillatory shear, and torsion analyses. Results showed that the most prominent attributes in the young cheeses were: salty, sour, diacetyl, cooked, whey, bitter, and milkfat flavors with RM cheeses having more intense sour and bitter notes compared to the PM cheeses. Many cheese texture attributes were similar, but RM cheeses were perceived as softer than the PM cheeses. Rheological results supported that the RM cheeses were softer and their properties more variable than the PM cheeses. Seasonal differences were within expected brand-to-brand variation although RM cheeses had more variability than the PM cheeses. Only a few significant correlations were found among the rheological and the sensorial texture attributes which indicated that they evaluated cheese texture in different ways. As the demand for Hispanic-style cheeses increases, defining and understanding the sensorial and rheological attributes of traditionally made Mexican cheeses provides guidance to the cheese manufacturers as new ways are explored to manufacture the pasteurized version of the cheese. C1 [Van Hekken, Diane L.; Tunick, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Drake, Mary Anne] N Carolina State Univ, SE Dairy Res Ctr, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Guerrero, Victor M.; JavierMolina-Corral, F.; Gardea, Alfonso A.] Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo, Cuauhtemoc 31570, Chihuahua, Mexico. RP Van Hekken, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM diane.vanhekken@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1958-5586 J9 DAIRY SCI TECHNOL JI Dairy Sci. Technol. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 88 IS 4-5 BP 525 EP 536 DI 10.1051/dst:2008016 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 370KN UT WOS:000260761200011 ER PT J AU Knight, KS Oleksyn, J Jagodzinski, AM Reich, PB Kasprowicz, M AF Knight, Kathleen S. Oleksyn, Jacek Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Reich, Peter B. Kasprowicz, Marek TI Overstorey tree species regulate colonization by native and exotic plants: a source of positive relationships between understorey diversity and invasibility SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE biological invasions; competition; diversity; invasibility; light; Prunus serotina; species richness ID CHERRY PRUNUS-SEROTINA; COMMUNITY INVASIBILITY; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; FOREST UNDERSTORY; EXTRINSIC FACTORS; TEMPERATE FOREST; UNITED-STATES; COMMON GARDEN; RICHNESS; BIODIVERSITY AB The North American woody species, Prunus serotina Ehrh., is an aggressive invader of forest understories in Europe. To better understand the plant invasion process, we assessed understorey plants and Prunus serotina seedlings that have colonized a 35-year-old replicated common-garden experiment of 14 tree species in south-western Poland. The density and size of established (> 1 year old) P. serotina seedlings varied among overstorey species and were related to variation in light availability and attributes of the understorey layer. In a multiple regression analysis, the density of established P. serotina seedlings was positively correlated with light availability and understorey species richness and negatively correlated with understorey species cover. These results suggest that woody invader success is adversely affected by overstorey shading and understorey competition for resources. Simultaneously, however, invader success may generally be positively associated with understorey species richness because both native and invasive plant colonization respond similarly to environmental conditions, including those influenced by overstorey tree species. Identification of characteristics of forests that increase their susceptibility to invasion may allow managers to target efforts to detect invasives and to restore forests to states that may be less invasible. C1 [Knight, Kathleen S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Oleksyn, Jacek; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Oleksyn, Jacek; Jagodzinski, Andrzej M.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Dendrol, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland. [Kasprowicz, Marek] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Dept Plant Ecol & Environm Protect, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP Knight, KS (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM laca0023@umn.edu RI Oleksyn, Jacek/I-4539-2012 NR 60 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1366-9516 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 14 IS 4 BP 666 EP 675 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00468.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 311QB UT WOS:000256613600011 ER PT J AU Hausman, GJ Barb, CR Dean, RG AF Hausman, G. J. Barb, C. R. Dean, R. G. TI Patterns of gene expression in pig adipose tissue: Insulin-like growth factor system proteins, neuropeptide Y (NPY), NPY receptors, neurotrophic factors and other secreted factors SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adipose tissue; porcine; gene microarray; secreted factors; receptors ID FACTOR BINDING-PROTEINS; ANGIOGENESIS IN-VIVO; LIPID-METABOLISM; NONFAT CELLS; IGF-II; LEPTIN; ADIPOCYTES; MIGRATION; OBESITY; NERVES AB Although cDNA microarray studies have examined gene expression in human and rodent adipose tissue, only one microarray study of adipose tissue from growing pigs has been reported. Total RNA was collected at slaughter from outer subcutaneous adipose tissue (OSQ) and middle subcutaneous adipose tissue (MSQ) from gilts at 90,150, and 210d (n = 5 age(-1)). Dye labeled cDNA probes were hybridized to custom porcine microarrays (70-mer oligonucleotides). Gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), hormones, growth factors, neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors (NPYRs) and other receptors in OSQ and MSQ changed little with age in growing pigs. Distinct patterns of relative gene expression were evident within NPYR and IGFBP family members in adipose tissue from growing pigs. Relative gene expression levels of NPY2R, NPY4R and angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) distinguished OSQ and MSQ depots in growing pigs. We demonstrated, for the first time, the expression of IGFBP-7, IGFBP-5, NPY I R, NPY2R, NPY, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) genes in pig adipose tissue with microarray and RT-PCR assays. Furthermore, adipose tissue CTGF gene expression was upregulated while NPY and NPY2R gene expression were significantly down regulated by age. These studies demonstrate that expression of neuropeptides and neurotrophic factors in pig adipose tissue may be involved in regulation of leptin secretion. Many other regulatory factors were not influenced by age in growing pigs but may be influenced by location or depot. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hausman, G. J.; Barb, C. R.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Dean, R. G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hausman, GJ (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Gary.Hausman@ars.usda.gov RI Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013 NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 24 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2008.01.004 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 316GR UT WOS:000256938000004 PM 18325722 ER PT J AU Daniel, JA Carroll, JA Keisler, DH Kojima, CJ AF Daniel, J. A. Carroll, J. A. Keisler, D. H. Kojima, C. J. TI Evaluation of immune system function in neonatal pigs born vaginally or by Cesarean section SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE c-section; immune; growth; stress; pigs ID POSTNATAL FUNCTION; LABOR; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CORTISOL; TIME; AXIS AB Full term crossbred sows were selected to study the interaction of the immune system, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and growth in pigs born by Cesarean section (c-section; n = 4 sows) or vaginal birth (n = 4 sows). Gestation length and birth weight did not differ between vaginal birth and c-section pigs (P = 0.34 and 0.62, respectively). Blood and tissue samples were collected from 44 pigs at birth. Forty-five pigs were weaned at 13 d. On d 14, pigs received an i.p. injection of lipopolysaccaride (LPS; 150 mu g/kg) or saline at min 0, and blood samples were collected at -20, -10, 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 90, and 120 min. Vaginal birth pigs had 21% greater average daily gain than c-section pigs on d 14 (P < 0.01). Basal serum concentrations of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and cortisol were greater in c-section than vaginal birth pigs at birth (P < 0.01) but were not different at 14 d (P = 0.99 and 0.80, respectively). LPS increased serum concentrations of ACTH, cortisol, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha; P < 0.01) but the response was not different between c-section and vaginal birth (P > 0.22). Basal serum concentrations of TNF-alpha tended to be greater in c-section vs vaginal birth pigs at 14 d (P = 0.0967); however, basal serum concentrations of IFN-gamma tended to be lower in c-section pigs vs vaginal birth pigs at 14 d (P = 0.0787). Expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-6 receptor, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha mRNA did not differ between vaginal birth and c-section pigs but changed in an age and tissue dependent manner. Thus, reduced growth rate of c-section pigs is associated with altered immune system function. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Daniel, J. A.] Berry Coll, Dept Anim Sci, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. [Keisler, D. H.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Anim Sci Res Ctr 160, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kojima, C. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, 1604 E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM jacarroll@lbk.ars.usda.gov RI Keisler, Duane/C-2746-2011 OI Keisler, Duane/0000-0002-8792-7030 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 81 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2008.02.002 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 316GR UT WOS:000256938000009 PM 18400448 ER PT J AU Yang, J He, HS Shifley, SR AF Yang, Jian He, Hong S. Shifley, Stephen R. TI Spatial controls of occurrence and spread of wildfires in the Missouri Ozark Highlands SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE burn probability; fire risk; LANDIS; Ozark Highlands, USA; spatial point pattern; wildfire ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; CALIFORNIA COASTAL SHRUBLANDS; UNITED-STATES; FIRE REGIMES; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; RISK ANALYSIS; LANDSCAPE; FOREST; SIMULATION; SUCCESSION AB Understanding spatial controls on wild. res is important when designing adaptive. re management plans and optimizing fuel treatment locations on a forest landscape. Previous research about this topic focused primarily on spatial controls for. re origin locations alone. Fire spread and behavior were largely overlooked. This paper contrasts the relative importance of biotic, abiotic, and anthropogenic constraints on the spatial pattern of reoccurrence with that on burn probability (i. e., the probability that fire will spread to a particular location). Spatial point pattern analysis and landscape succession. re model ( LANDIS) were used to create maps to show the contrast. We quanti. ed spatial controls on both. re occurrence and. re spread in the Midwest Ozark Highlands region, USA. This area exhibits a typical anthropogenic surface. re regime. We found that (1) human accessibility and land ownership were primary limiting factors in shaping clustered. re origin locations; (2) vegetation and topography had a negligible in. uence on fire occurrence in this anthropogenic regime; (3) burn probability was higher in grassland and open woodland than in closedcanopy forest, even though fire occurrence density was less in these vegetation types; and (4) biotic and abiotic factors were secondary descriptive ingredients for determining the spatial patterns of burn probability. This study demonstrates how fire occurrence and spread interact with landscape patterns to affect the spatial distribution of wildfire risk. The application of spatial point pattern data analysis would also be valuable to researchers working on landscape forest fire models to integrate historical ignition location patterns in fire simulation. C1 [Yang, Jian; He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Shifley, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Yang, J (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jym6b@missouri.edu RI Yang, Jian/H-3169-2011; OI Yang, Jian/0000-0002-2170-589X; He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 NR 51 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 23 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1212 EP 1225 DI 10.1890/07-0825.1 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 327HG UT WOS:000257719600010 PM 18686582 ER PT J AU Grewell, BJ AF Grewell, Brenda J. TI Hemiparasites generate environmental heterogeneity and enhance species coexistence in salt marshes SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE consumer; Cordylanthus maritimus ssp palustris; Cordylanthus mollis ssp mollis; ecosystem engineer; endangered plant; environmental gradient; hemiparasite; indirect effects; Orobanchaceae; parasite; restoration; salt marsh ID POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; PARASITIC PLANTS; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; VERTEBRATE HERBIVORES; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; COASTAL MARSH; FACILITATION; SCROPHULARIACEAE; CONSEQUENCES AB Tidal inundation and salinity are considered to be controlling factors in salt marsh species distributions. Parasitic plants may also influence community organization as parasite - host interactions may play a functional role in stress amelioration due to physiological mechanisms for salinity tolerance and resource acquisition. Endangered root hemiparasites (Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. palustris and Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis) occupy unique habitat within fragmented northern California tidal wetlands. My objective was to examine the effects of these root hemiparasites on soil salinity, aeration, and community composition. I compared experimentally established bare patches, shaded and unshaded, and parasite removal patches to controls with hemiparasites across intertidal elevation gradients. Plant community composition, soil salinity, and redox potential were measured as response variables. In this. eld removal experiment, I demonstrated that parasite - host associations can enhance the amelioration of physical stress conditions in the salt marsh exceeding the passive role of shading by vegetation. Consumer- driven reduction of physical stress resulted in increased plant species richness, and the effect was most pronounced with elevated salinity and hypoxia stress. Although previous studies have demonstrated that removal of dominant plant biomass by herbivores can increase physical stress in salt marshes, this is one of the. rst examples of a positive indirect effect of a consumer on community diversity through physical stress relief. Greater understanding of biological interactions coupled with abiotic factors may improve rare plant conservation and salt marsh restoration success. C1 [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Grewell, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res, Dept Plant Sci, Mail Stop 4,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bjgrewell@ucdavis.edu NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 32 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1297 EP 1306 DI 10.1890/07-0221.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 327HG UT WOS:000257719600016 PM 18686588 ER PT J AU Boateng, AA Weimer, PJ Jung, HG Lamb, JFS AF Boateng, A. A. Weimer, P. J. Jung, H. G. Lamb, J. F. S. TI Response of thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes to lignin concentration in alfalfa stems SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CELLULOSIC BIOMASS; REED CANARYGRASS; PYROLYSIS; PRETREATMENT; SWITCHGRASS; ETHANOL; MATURITY AB The technologies currently in place to convert lignocellulosic biomass to energy are either biochemical or thermochemical, the efficiencies of which may vary depending on the composition of the feedstock. One variable that conversion technologists have wrestled with, particularly in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process, is biomass lignin content. While lignin is considered a recalcitrant to biochemical conversion, it can be a good source of combustion fuel, but the true effect of composition on thermochemical conversion has not been well quantified. In this study we examined the effect of lignin content of alfalfa stems on two biofuel conversion methodologies: (i) biochemical conversion using in-vitro ruminal fermentation as a surrogate for fermentability to ethanol and (ii) thermochemical conversion using pyrolysis. Lignin was found to account for little of the variation in pyrolysis product yield compared to biochemical conversion. Linear regression of lignin concentration on pyrolysis product yields resulted in few significant relationships whereas in-vitro gas production exhibited a strong negative response to lignin content. For alfalfa stems, lignin had a much larger effect on biological conversion potential than it did on thermochemical conversion potential. The results suggest that genetic modification or agronomic management of lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy feedstock composition should be based on the intended energy conversion platform. C1 [Boateng, A. A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Weimer, P. J.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jung, H. G.; Lamb, J. F. S.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 22 IS 4 BP 2810 EP 2815 DI 10.1021/ef800176x PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 328IX UT WOS:000257793200093 ER PT J AU Yelle, DJ Ralph, J Lu, FC Hammel, KE AF Yelle, Daniel J. Ralph, John Lu, Fachuang Hammel, Kenneth E. TI Evidence for cleavage of lignin by a brown rot basidiomycete SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WOOD DECAY; HYDROXYL RADICALS; DFRC METHOD; C-13 NMR; FUNGI; PINE; DEGRADATION; ETHER AB Biodegradation by brown-rot fungi is quantitatively one of the most important fates of lignocellulose in nature. It has long been thought that these basidiomycetes do not degrade lignin significantly, and that their activities on this abundant aromatic biopolymer are limited to minor oxidative modifications. Here we have applied a new technique for the complete solubilization of lignocellulose to show, by one-bond (1)H-(13)C correlation nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, that brown rot of spruce wood by Gloeophyllum trabeum resulted in a marked, non-selective depletion of all intermonomer side-chain linkages in the lignin. The resulting polymer retained most of its original aromatic residues and was probably interconnected by new linkages that lack hydrogens and are consequently invisible in one-bond (1)H-(13)C correlation spectra. Additional work is needed to characterize these linkages, but it is already clear that the aromatic polymer remaining after extensive brown rot is no longer recognizable as lignin. C1 [Yelle, Daniel J.; Hammel, Kenneth E.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Yelle, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hammel, Kenneth E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hammel, KE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM kehammel@wisc.edu RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011 OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847 NR 31 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 4 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1844 EP 1849 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01605.x PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 309EE UT WOS:000256442700016 PM 18363712 ER PT J AU Haussler, KK Behre, TH Hill, AE AF Haussler, K. K. Behre, T. H. Hill, A. E. TI Mechanical nociceptive thresholds within the pastern region of Tennessee Walking Horses SO EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE horse; soring; pastern; Tennessee Walking Horses; pressure algometry; mechanical nociceptive thresholds ID PRESSURE ALGOMETRY; PAIN AB Reasons for performing study: 'Soring' is the term used to describe the application of an irritant to the distal forelimbs of gaited horses with the sole intent of inflicting pain and inducing altered gait, illegally practiced in Tennessee Walking Horses. Objective methods for the detection of limb pain due to this practice are, however, lacking. Objectives: To assess whether Tennessee Walking Horses respond to manual pressures <= 10 kg/cm(2) and to establish reference mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) within the pastern region. Methods: In 25 mature Tennessee Walking Horses in which no irritant had been applied, MNTs were evoked by a pressure algometer at 4 sites within the pastern region of each thoracic limb by 6 different examiners. The effects of age, sex, weight, height at withers, exercise and hand dominance of the examiners on MNTs were assessed. Correlations between the horse's perceived mental status, tolerance to the procedure and MNT values were also evaluated. Results: Mechanical nociceptive thresholds <= 10 kg/cm(2) were observed in 20% of measurements, of which the mean +/- s.d. MNT was 9.5 +/- 0.3 kg/cm(2). Within 4 pastern sites, the palmar region had the lowest reference MNT value of 19.5 +/- 3.6 kg/cm(2). Subject status, exercise, hand dominance, horse mental status and horse procedure tolerance did not significantly affect MNT values. Conclusions: Reference MNTs of the pastern region of nontreated Tennessee Walking Horses provide an objective standard for the evaluation of those potentially applied irritant. Potential relevance: Pressure algometry, in lieu of digital pressure, can quantify mechanical pressure applied during inspections to detect irritant therapy and provide consistency between examiners. C1 [Haussler, K. K.] Colorado State Univ, Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaed Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hill, A. E.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Behre, T. H.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Horse Protect Program, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Haussler, KK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaed Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL LTD PI NEWMARKET PA GRASEBY HOUSE, ENXING ROAD, NEWMARKET CB8 0AU, SUFFOLK, ENGLAND SN 0425-1644 J9 EQUINE VET J JI Equine Vet. J. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 5 BP 455 EP 459 DI 10.2746/042516408X278166 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 327EX UT WOS:000257713500005 PM 18321808 ER PT J AU Lee, JK Leslie, JF Bowden, RL AF Lee, Jungkwan Leslie, John F. Bowden, Robert L. TI Expression and function of sex pheromones and receptors in the homothallic ascomycete Gibberella zeae SO EUKARYOTIC CELL LA English DT Article ID MATING-TYPE LOCUS; FUSARIUM-GRAMINEARUM; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; PRECURSOR GENES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SORDARIA-MACROSPORA; RESPONSE PATHWAY; FEMALE FERTILITY; SCAFFOLD PROTEIN; WHEAT SCAB AB In heterothallic ascomycete fungi, idiomorphic alleles at the MAT locus control two sex pheromone-receptor pairs that function in the recognition and chemoattraction of strains with opposite mating types. In the ascomycete Gibberella zeae, the MAT locus is rearranged such that both alleles are adjacent on the same chromosome. Strains of G. zeae are self-fertile but can outcross facultatively. Our objective was to determine if pheromones retain a role in sexual reproduction in this homothallic fungus. Putative pheromone precursor genes (ppg1 and ppg2) and their corresponding pheromone receptor genes (pre2 and pre1) were identified in the genomic sequence of G. zeae by sequence similarity and microsynteny with other ascomycetes. ppg1, a homolog of the Saccharomyces alpha-factor pheromone precursor gene, was expressed in germinating conidia and mature ascospores. Expression of ppg2, a homolog of the a-factor pheromone precursor gene, was not detected in any cells. Delta pre2 was expressed in all cells, but pre1 was expressed weakly and only in mature ascospores. ppg1 or pre2 deletion mutations reduced fertility in self-fertilization tests by approximately 50%. Delta ppg1 reduced male fertility and Delta pre2 reduced female fertility in outcrossing tests. In contrast, Delta ppg2 and Delta pre1 had no discernible effects on sexual function. Delta ppg1/Delta ppg2 and Delta pre1/Delta pre2 double mutants had the same phenotype as the Delta ppg1 and Delta pre2 single mutants. Thus, one of the putative pheromone-receptor pairs (ppg1/pre2) enhances, but is not essential for, selfing and outcrossing in G. zeae whereas no functional role was found for the other pair (ppg2/pre1). C1 [Bowden, Robert L.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lee, Jungkwan; Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bowden, RL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM robert.bowden@ars.usda.gov RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013 OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574 FU U. S. Department of Agriculture FX We thank Mizuho Nita for assistance with statistical analyses.; This is contribution 07-272-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.; This material is based on work supported by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. This is a cooperative project with the U. S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Mention of a trademark or a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture and does not imply NR 52 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1535-9778 J9 EUKARYOT CELL JI Eukaryot. Cell PD JUL PY 2008 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1211 EP 1221 DI 10.1128/EC.00272-07 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Mycology SC Microbiology; Mycology GA 340SX UT WOS:000258666400014 PM 18503004 ER PT J AU Simko, I van den Berg, JH Vreugdenhil, D Ewing, EE AF Simko, Ivan van den Berg, Jan H. Vreugdenhil, Dick Ewing, Elmer E. TI Mapping loci for chlorosis associated with chlorophyll b deficiency in potato SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll; chlorosis; malformed leaves; potato; QTL mapping ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; DIPLOID SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; QTL ANALYSIS; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; SELF-COMPATIBILITY; TRISOMIC ANALYSIS; RECESSIVE GENE; LINKAGE MAPS; COLOR LOCI; RESISTANCE AB About 30% of the potato plants from a (Solanum tuberosum x S. berthaultii) x S. tuberosum backcross population had chlorotic, malformed leaves; but a gradation in symptom severity suggested regulation by more than one gene. The study was undertaken to determine whether this was the case, whether any genes previously reported to control chlorosis in potato were involved, and to see how symptoms were related to effects on chlorophyll content. Testing for quantitative trait loci indicated major control by a single recessive gene on chromosome 1, close to one or more loci that have been reported to produce chlorosis in tomato, but distinct from similar genes previously identified in potato. The proposed symbol for the potato gene that confers phenotype with chlorotic and malformed leaves is cml (chlorotic and malformed leaves). The effects of this gene appeared to be accentuated by a second gene, located on chromosome 12. Chlorotic plants showed a 50% decrease in chlorophyll b level in the affected parts of leaves. It is concluded that cml is different from previously reported genes for chlorosis in potato, that at least one other gene modifies the intensity of symptom expression, and that the observed chlorosis is produced through effects on chlorophyll b level. C1 [Simko, Ivan] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [van den Berg, Jan H.] Nunhems Netherlands BV, NL-6083 AC Nunhem, Netherlands. [Vreugdenhil, Dick] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Lab Plant Physiol, NL-6703 BD Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ewing, Elmer E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Simko, I (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM isimko@pw.ars.usda.gov RI Simko, Ivan/J-6048-2012 OI Simko, Ivan/0000-0002-8769-8477 NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2008 VL 162 IS 1 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9595-z PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 308ZH UT WOS:000256428900010 ER PT J AU Zalapa, JE Staub, JE McCreight, JD AF Zalapa, Juan E. Staub, Jack E. McCreight, J. D. TI Variance component analysis of plant architectural traits and fruit yield in melon SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Cucumis melo L.; exotic germplasm; heritability estimation; primary branch number; yield components ID LINEAR UNBIASED PREDICTION; BIRDSNEST-TYPE MUSKMELONS; SINGLE-CROSS PERFORMANCE; GRAIN-YIELD; MAIZE; DENSITY; POPULATION; CULTIVARS; GENETICS; QUALITY AB A cross was made between a unique highly branched, early flowering line, U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 846-1 (P-1; 7 to 11 lateral branches), and 'Topmark' (P-2; 2 to 4 lateral branches), a U.S. Western Shipping melon, to produce an array of 119 F-3 families. Subsequently, a genetic analysis was conducted at Arlington and Hancock, Wisconsin in 2001 to evaluate the segregating progeny for factors likely involved in yield-formation, including days to anthesis, percentage of plants with early pistillate flowering, primary branch number, fruit number and weight per plant, average weight per fruit, percentage of plants with predominantly crown fruit set, and percentage of plants with early maturing fruit. Although, genotype x environment (G x E) interactions were important for some traits (e.g., fruit number and fruit weight), considerable additive and/or dominance variance was detected for all traits. This research provides critical data associated with highly branched melon germplasm including trait correlations and heritabilies (broad- and narrow-sense ranged between 0.28 and 0.91) that used judiciously will allow the development high yielding melon cultivars with early, basally concentrated fruit suitable for once-over or machine harvesting operations. C1 [Zalapa, Juan E.; Staub, Jack E.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit,Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McCreight, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Zalapa, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit,Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jezalapa@wisc.edu NR 64 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2008 VL 162 IS 1 BP 129 EP 143 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9622-0 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 308ZH UT WOS:000256428900013 ER PT J AU Jun, TH Van, K Kim, MY Lee, SH Walker, DR AF Jun, Tae-Hwan Van, Kyujung Kim, Moon Young Lee, Suk-Ha Walker, David R. TI Association analysis using SSR markers to find QTL for seed protein content in soybean SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE association mapping; Glycine max; linkage disequilibrium (LD); population structure; quantitative trait loci (QTL); seed protein content; simple sequence repeat (SSR) ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; OIL CONTENT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; COMPLEX DISEASE; GENOME; GENE; PLANTS; MAIZE; LOCUS AB Association analysis studies can be used to test for associations between molecular markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, a genome-wide scan was performed using 150 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify QTL associated with seed protein content in soybean. The initial mapping population consisted of two subpopulations of 48 germplasm accessions each, with high or low protein levels based on data from the USDA's Germplasm Resources Information Network website. Intrachromosomal LD extended up to 50 cM with r(2) > 0.1 and 10 cM with r(2) > 0.2 across the accessions. An association map consisting of 150 markers was constructed on the basis of differences in allele frequency distributions between the two subpopulations. Eleven putative QTL were identified on the basis of highly significant markers. Nine of these are in regions where protein QTL have been mapped, but the genomic regions containing Satt431 on LG J and Satt551 on LG M have not been reported in previous linkage mapping studies. Furthermore, these new putative protein QTL do not map near any QTL known to affect maturity. Since biased population structure was known to exist in the original association analysis population, association analyses were also conducted on two similar but independent confirmation populations. Satt431 and Satt551 were also significant in those analyses. These results suggest that our association analysis approach could be a useful alternative to linkage mapping for the identification of unreported regions of the soybean genome containing putative QTL. C1 [Kim, Moon Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Walker, David R.] ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, San 56-1, Seoul 151921, South Korea. EM sukhalee@snu.ac.kr NR 46 TC 55 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2008 VL 162 IS 2 BP 179 EP 191 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9491-6 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 308ZK UT WOS:000256429200003 ER PT J AU Ortiz-Perez, E Wiley, H Horner, HT Davis, WH Palmer, RG AF Ortiz-Perez, Evelyn Wiley, Hunt Horner, Harry T. Davis, William H. Palmer, Reid G. TI Insect-mediated cross-pollination in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]: II. Phenotypic recurrent selection SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE male sterility; recurrent selection; seed-set; soybean ID GENETIC MALE-STERILITY; PERCENT PROTEIN; SEED PROTEIN; YIELD; SIZE; SET AB Recurrent selection is a method for population improvement which has been used in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] to modify traits such as grain yield, seed-protein content, seed-oil content, tolerance to iron-deficiency chlorosis, and seed size. Nuclear male-sterility with insect-mediated cross-pollination has been successfully used in recurrent selection schemes in soybean. However, little attention has been given to selection to increase the agronomic performance of male-sterile plants per se. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of male-sterile lines segregating for male-sterile alleles ms2, ms3, ms6, ms8, and ms9 to phenotypic recurrent selection for increased seed-set after 3 cycles, using a selected group of male parents. Bees halictidae, anthophoridae, andrenidae, and megachilidae were utilized as the pollinator vector. The results indicated that recurrent selection in a favorable environment was successful to increase the number of seeds per male-sterile plant. Although a differential response was observed among populations, the seed-set observed would justify the use of some specific male-sterile selections as female parents in a hybrid soybean seed production system. C1 [Ortiz-Perez, Evelyn] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Agron, Div Estudios Postgrado, Marin 66700, NL, Mexico. [Wiley, Hunt] Dairyland Seed Co Inc, Otterbein, IN 47970 USA. [Horner, Harry T.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Davis, William H.] Verde Seeds Inc, Plainview, TX 79072 USA. [Palmer, Reid G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Palmer, Reid G.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, CICGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ortiz-Perez, E (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Agron, Div Estudios Postgrado, Marin 66700, NL, Mexico. EM evelynortiz_perez@yahoo.com NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2008 VL 162 IS 2 BP 269 EP 280 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9612-2 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 308ZK UT WOS:000256429200012 ER PT J AU Rajesh, PN Muehlbauer, FJ AF Rajesh, P. N. Muehlbauer, Fred J. TI Discovery and detection of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in coding and genomic sequences in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE ascochyta blight; indels; single nucleotide polymorphism; transition; transversion ID TAGGED MICROSATELLITE SITES; ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT; HAPLOTYPE STRUCTURE; INBRED LINES; GENETIC-MAP; RESISTANCE; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION; FREQUENCY AB Chickpea genetic mapping has been hampered by insufficient amplicon length polymorphism for sequence based markers. To develop an alternative source of polymorphic markers, we determined naturally abundant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in coding and genomic regions between FLIP 84-92C (C. arietinum) and PI 599072 (C. reticulatum) and identified an inexpensive method to detect SNP for mapping. In coding sequences, 110 single base changes or substitutions (47% transitions and 53% transversions) and 18 indels were found; while 50 single base changes (68% transitions and 33% transversions) and eight indels were observed in genomic sequences. SNP frequency in coding and genomic regions was 1 in 66 bp and 1 in 71 bp, respectively. In order to effectively use this high frequency of polymorphism, we used Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Site (CAPS) and derived CAPS (dCAPS) marker systems to identify a restriction site at SNP loci. In this study, we developed six CAPS and dCAPS markers and fine mapped QTL1, a region previously identified as important for ascochyta blight resistance. One of the CAPS markers from a BAC end was identified to account for 56% of the variation for ascochyta blight resistance in chickpea. Conversion of naturally abundant SNPs to CAPS and dCAPS for chickpea mapping, where absence of amplicon length polymorphism is a constraint, has potential to generate high-density maps necessary for map-based cloning and integration of physical and genetic maps. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Rajesh, PN (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA, ARS, 303 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM pnrajesh@wsu.edu; muehlbau@wsu.edu NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2008 VL 162 IS 2 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1007/s10681-008-9675-8 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 308ZK UT WOS:000256429200014 ER PT J AU Nystrom, L Moreau, RA Lampi, AM Hicks, KB Piironen, V AF Nystroem, Laura Moreau, Robert A. Lampi, Anna-Maija Hicks, Kevin B. Piironen, Vieno TI Enzymatic hydrolysis of steryl ferulates and steryl glycosides SO EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE steryl ferulate; steryl glycoside; enzymatic hydrolysis; plant sterol; gamma-oryzanol ID RICE BRAN OIL; GAMMA-ORYZANOL; PLANT STEROLS; MILLING FRACTIONS; CORN BRAN; WHEAT; RYE; STERYLGLYCOSIDES; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION AB Steryl ferulates (SF) and steryl glycosides (SG) are phytosterol conjugates found characteristically in cereals. Currently, little is known about their properties with respect to enzymatic hydrolysis. SF and SG were extracted and purified from rye and wheat bran. Their percentages of hydrolysis with different enzymes were studied using normal phase HPLC with UV detection for steryl ferulates and evaporative light scattering detection for steryl glycosides. Steryl ferulates were hydrolysed by mammalian digestive steryl esterases. It was further demonstrated that a mixture of steryl ferulates from rye and wheat was hydrolysed much more effectively than a steryl ferulate mixture from rice (commonly known as gamma-oryzanol), suggesting greater bioavailability in non-rice steryl ferulates. Steryl glycosides were hydrolysed by a commercial microbial beta-glucosidase preparation (cellobiase), but were not effectively hydrolysed by two other highly purified beta-glucosidases. These results demonstrate for the first time the potential use of enzymes as a replacement for acid hydrolysis in analytical procedures for SG and also provide insights about the potential bioavailability of these sterol derivatives in human digestive systems. C1 [Nystroem, Laura; Lampi, Anna-Maija; Piironen, Vieno] Univ Helsinki, Dept Appl Chem & Microbiol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Moreau, Robert A.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Nystrom, L (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Appl Chem & Microbiol, POB 27,Latokartanonkaari 11, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM laura.nystrom@helsinki.fi RI Nystrom, Laura/A-8474-2012; OI Nystrom, Laura/0000-0002-0440-4913; Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1438-2377 J9 EUR FOOD RES TECHNOL JI Eur. Food Res. Technol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 227 IS 3 BP 727 EP 733 DI 10.1007/s00217-007-0780-z PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 310KV UT WOS:000256529400010 ER PT J AU Wang, D Sun, G Xiang, B Chiou, BS AF Wang, Dong Sun, Gang Xiang, Bei Chiou, Bor-Sen TI Controllable biotinylated polyethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PE-co-GMA) nanofibers to bind streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for potential biosensor applications SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biotinylated nanofibers; solid support enzymes ID ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION; LIPASE IMMOBILIZATION; CELLULOSE FIBERS; STABILIZATION; MEMBRANES; SURFACES; CHITOSAN; SPACERS; SILICA AB Polyethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PE-co-GMA) nanofibers with abundant active epoxy groups on surfaces were fabricated through a novel manufacturing process. The prepared PE-co-GMA nanofibers with different average diameters ranging from 100 to 400 nm were aminated by reacting the epoxy groups with 1,3-diaminopropane. The resulting aminated PE-co-GMA nanofibers were subsequently biotinylated and then successfully applied to immobilize streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate via specific, strong and rapid binding of biotin and streptavidin. The streptavidin-HRP immobilized PE-co-GMA nanofibers showed high activity, efficiency, sensitivity as well as good reusability. The results demonstrated that PE-co-GMA nanofibers prepared could be a promising candidate as solid support materials for potential biosensor applications. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Dong; Sun, Gang; Xiang, Bei] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chiou, Bor-Sen] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Sun, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM gysun@ucdavis.edu NR 29 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0014-3057 J9 EUR POLYM J JI Eur. Polym. J. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 44 IS 7 BP 2032 EP 2039 DI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.04.042 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 343QS UT WOS:000258869300014 ER PT J AU Nichols, NN Mertens, JA AF Nichols, Nancy N. Mertens, Jeffrey A. TI Identification and transcriptional profiling of Pseudomonas putida genes involved in furoic acid metabolism SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE furan metabolism; Pseudomonas; furoic acid; transcriptional profiling ID STRICTLY ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GROWTH; ENZYME; 2-FUROYL-COENZYME-A; DEHYDROGENASES; MICROORGANISMS; DETOXIFICATION; TRANSFORMATION; PURIFICATION AB Pseudomonas putida Fu1 metabolizes furfural through a pathway involving conversion to 2-oxoglutarate, via 2-furoic acid (FA) and coenzyme A intermediates. Two P. putida transposon mutants were isolated that had impaired growth on furfural and FA, and DNA flanking the transposon insertion site was cloned from both mutants. The transposons disrupted psfB, a LysR-family regulatory gene in mutant PSF2 and psfF, a GcvR-type regulatory gene in PSF9. Disruption of two genes adjacent to psfB demonstrated that both are important for growth on FA, and ORFs in the proximity of psfB and psfF were transcriptionally activated during growth of P. putida on FA. Transcript levels increased in response to FA by 10-fold (a putative permease gene) to > 1000-fold (a putative decarboxylase gene). The LysR-family gene appears to act positively, and the GcvR-family gene negatively, in regulating expression of neighboring genes in response to FA. C1 [Nichols, Nancy N.; Mertens, Jeffrey A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Nichols, NN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM nancy.nichols@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 284 IS 1 BP 52 EP 57 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01196.x PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 307VT UT WOS:000256347600007 PM 18492059 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Klesius, PH Shoemaker, CA AF Xu, De-Hai Klesius, Phillip H. Shoemaker, Craig A. TI Protective immunity of Nile tilapia against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis post-immunization with live theronts and sonicated trophonts SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protective immunity; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; live theront; Nile tilapia; antibody titer; fish survival ID CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; ACQUIRED-IMMUNITY AB Two immunization trials were conducted to evaluate host protection of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (lch). Immunizations were done with live theronts or sonicated trophonts by bath immersion and intraperitoneal (IP) injection. The immunized fish were challenged with theronts 21 days post-immunization in trial I and 180 days post-immunization in trial. II. The serum anti-Ich antibody and cumulative mortalities of tilapia were determined after theront challenge. Serum anti-Ich antibody was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in tilapia immunized with live theronts by immersion or IP injection or with sonicated trophonts administered by IP injection than tilapia immunized with sonicated trophonts by immersion, with bovine serum albumin by IP injection, or non-immunized controls. Host protection was acquired in fish immunized with live theronts by immersion or IP injection. Tilapia immunized with sonicated trophonts by IP injection were partially protected with a 57-77% survival in both trials. At 180 days post-immunization, serum antibody titers had declined in immunized fish yet they were still able to survive challenge. The protection appears not to be solely depending on serum antibody response against Ich. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, De-Hai; Klesius, Phillip H.; Shoemaker, Craig A.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dehai.xu@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 25 IS 1-2 BP 124 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.012 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 326DG UT WOS:000257637600013 PM 18442922 ER PT J AU Laparra, JM Tako, E Glahn, RP Miller, DD AF Laparra, Jose Moises Tako, Elad Glahn, Raymond P. Miller, Dennis D. TI Supplemental inulin does not enhance iron bioavailability to Caco-2 cells from milk- or soy-based, probiotic-containing, yogurts but incubation at 37 degrees C does SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE prebiotic; inulin; yogurts; iron bioavailability; caco-2 cells ID INFANT FORMULAS; INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; DIETARY-FIBERS; NONHEME-IRON; CALCIUM; ZINC; FERMENTATION; DIGESTION; AVAILABILITY; ACID AB The in vitro effects of supplemental inulin (4%) on iron (Fe) availability in two different probiotic-contaming yogurts were examined. Milk or soy-based yogurts, with and without inulin, were incubated (37 degrees C) for 48 h or without any incubation before comparison by an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model was used to assess iron bioavailability. The dialysable Fe fraction, cell ferritin formation, and cell associated Fe were monitored. Supplemental inulin decreased dialysable Fe only in non-incubated milk-based yogurt. In both yogurts incubation by itself increased dialysable Fe, and inulin increased the latter only in soy-based yogurt. Cellular ferritin concentration were higher after exposure to non-incubated milk-based than soy-based yogurt, although, after incubation the latter induced the highest ferritin formation. These data suggest that inulin does not have a direct effect on Fe bioavailability in the small intestine, and that probiotic bacteria play an enhancing role on Fe bioavailability. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Laparra, Jose Moises; Tako, Elad; Miller, Dennis D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Glahn, Raymond P.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Laparra, JM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, 216 Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jml259@cornell.edu OI Laparra Llopis, Jose Moises/0000-0002-9378-2552 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 109 IS 1 BP 122 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.027 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 282WE UT WOS:000254597100016 PM 26054272 ER PT J AU Arriagada, RA Cubbage, FW Abt, KL Huggett, RJ AF Arriagada, Rodrigo A. Cubbage, Frederick W. Abt, Karen Lee Huggett, Robert J., Jr. TI Estimating harvest costs for fuel treatments in the West SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; FORESTS; STANDS AB The costs for harvesting timber for forest fire fuel reduction purposes were estimated for 12 states in the West. The Fuel Reduction Cost Simulator (FRCS) was used to estimate the costs for forest thinning with six harvesting methods, based on silvicultural guidelines designed to prevent spread of wildfire. These simulation inputs were used to estimate average costs for 12,039 Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plots in the West, and then that FRCS output was used develop regression equations that estimated costs as a function of small, medium, and large size trees per acre, as well as slope. Ground-based mechanical whole tree harvesting systems were cheapest in the areas where they could be used, with a mean cost of $620 per acre. The other three ground-based systems had mean costs ranging from $958 to $1,627 per acre. Cable yarder systems mean costs were much more expensive, at $2,794 and $3,535 per acre. Regression analysis for each harvest system indicated that costs per tree increased with larger diameter size and with steeper slope for ground based systems. The costs for cable yarder systems decreased with increasing slope, probably because they can yard the logs more easily with more leverage on steep hillsides. The results do indicate that fuel reduction harvests in the West are expensive, and provide magnitudes of these costs that can be used for planning and budgeting purposes for landowners and forestry professionals. C1 [Arriagada, Rodrigo A.; Cubbage, Frederick W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Abt, Karen Lee; Huggett, Robert J., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Forest Econ & Policy Unit, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Arriagada, RA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM raarriag@ncsu.edu; fred_cubbage@ncsu.edu; kabt@fs.fed.us; rhuggett@fs.fed.us NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 12 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 58 IS 7-8 BP 24 EP 30 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 337CH UT WOS:000258412600004 ER PT J AU Cai, ZY AF Cai, Zhiyong TI A new method of determining moisture gradient in wood SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; DENSITY AB Moisture gradient in wood and wood composites is one of most important factors that affects both physical stability and mechanical performance. This paper describes a method for measuring moisture gradient in lumber and engineering wood composites as it varies across material thickness. This innovative method employs a collimated radiation beam (x rays or gamma rays) emitted from a radiation source that discretely scans the material in steps or continuously through its thickness direction. A radiation detector on the other side detects intensities of the transmitted beam, which directly relates to the material density profile through scanning direction. Moisture gradient can be calculated by contrasting it to the ovendried density profile. A series of solid wood samples were tested to verify the accuracy of this technique. The estimated moisture content (MC) gradients measured using the radiation method were compared with the actually measured MC gradients using the ovendry method of microtomed sections. The high correlation between the two MC gradient methods proved that the radiation method could provide an accurate and prompt estimation of internal wood MC gradient. C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Cai, ZY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM zcai@fs.fed.us NR 18 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 58 IS 7-8 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 337CH UT WOS:000258412600007 ER PT J AU Kretschmann, DE AF Kretschmann, David E. TI The influence of juvenile wood content on shear parallel, compression, and tension perpendicular to grain strength and mode I fracture toughness of loblolly pine at various ring orientation SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SLASH PINE; PLANTATION; LUMBER; GRADE; YIELD AB Forest products from improved trees grown on managed plantations and harvested in short rotations will contain higher proportions of juvenile wood than in current harvests. More information is needed on the influence of juvenile wood on lumber properties. Most information developed to date has concentrated on ultimate tensile stress, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity. This paper shows for this sample of loblolly pine three-dimensional surfaces fit to test results for shear stress parallel to the grain. compression and tension stress perpendicular to the grain, and mode I fracture toughness for various percentages of juvenile wood content and ring orientations. The properties of more than 340 small specimens for each property tested made from clearwood taken from lumber produced from logs harvested in a 28-year-old fast-grown plantation of loblolly pine in North Carolina were determined. Three-dimensional polynomial surfaces dependant on juvenile wood content and ring orientation were fit to the data. The average strength of all properties decreased with increasing amounts of juvenile wood in the cross section. Shear strength was insensitive to annual ring orientation and seemed to be strongly dependant on reductions in density caused by increased juvenile wood content. Compression and tension perpendicular to the grain strength and stiffness and mode I fracture toughness were very sensitive to juvenile wood content and annual ring orientation. C1 US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Kretschmann, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM dkretschmann@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 58 IS 7-8 BP 89 EP 96 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 337CH UT WOS:000258412600016 ER PT J AU Taylor, A Chiu, CJ Jiao, W Nagaraj, R Dudek, E Shang, F Taylor, H Milton, R Gensler, G AF Taylor, A. Chiu, C. J. Jiao, W. Nagaraj, R. Dudek, E. Shang, F. Taylor, H. Milton, R. Gensler, G. TI Relationships between dietary carbohydrate, oxidation, proteostasis and increased risk for AMD and cataract SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Research-Europe CY JUL 05-09, 2008 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Soc Free Rad Res Europe ID MACULAR DEGENERATION; GLYCEMIC INDEX; EYE DISEASE C1 [Taylor, A.; Chiu, C. J.; Jiao, W.; Nagaraj, R.; Dudek, E.; Shang, F.; Taylor, H.; Milton, R.; Gensler, G.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1071-5762 J9 FREE RADICAL RES JI Free Radic. Res. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 42 SU 1 BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 340BW UT WOS:000258622100012 ER PT J AU Zingg, JM Negis, Y Meydani, M Azzi, A AF Zingg, J. M. Negis, Y. Meydani, M. Azzi, A. TI Signaling by alpha-tocopheryl phosphate SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Research-Europe CY JUL 05-09, 2008 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Soc Free Rad Res Europe C1 [Zingg, J. M.; Negis, Y.; Meydani, M.; Azzi, A.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1071-5762 J9 FREE RADICAL RES JI Free Radic. Res. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 42 SU 1 BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 340BW UT WOS:000258622100029 ER PT J AU Welsh, HH Hodgson, GR AF Welsh, Hartwell H. Hodgson, Garth R. TI Amphibians as metrics of critical biological thresholds in forested headwater streams of the Pacific Northwest, USA SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ascaphus; biometrics; Dicamptodon; Rhyacotriton; stream health ID YOUNG GROWTH FORESTS; OREGON COAST RANGE; ZERO-ORDER BASINS; RHYACOTRITON-VARIEGATUS; ASCAPHUS-TRUEI; TAILED FROG; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; SALAMANDER LARVAE; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; CHANNEL NETWORKS AB 1. Amphibians are recognized both for their sensitivity to environmental perturbations and for their usefulness as cost-effective biometrics of ecosystem integrity (=system health). 2. Twenty-three years of research in headwater streams in the Klamath-Siskiyou and North Coast Bioregions of the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A., showed distinct patterns in the distribution of amphibians to variations in water temperature, % fine sediments and the amount of large woody debris (LWD). 3. Here, we review seven studies that demonstrate connections between species presence and abundance and these three in-stream variables. These data were then used to calculate realized niches for three species, the southern torrent salamander, the larval coastal tailed frog and the larval coastal giant salamander, relative to two of these environmental stressors (water temperature and % fine sediments). Moreover, multivariate generalized additive models were used to predict the presence of these three amphibians when these three stressors act in concert. 4. Stream-dwelling amphibians are shown to be extremely sensitive to changes in water temperature, amounts of fine sediment and LWD, and specific thresholds and ranges for a spectrum of animal responses can be used to manage for headwater tributary ecosystem integrity. 5. Consequently, amphibians can provide a direct metric of stream ecosystem integrity acting as surrogates for the ability of a stream network to support other stream-associated biota, such as salmonids, and their related ecological services. C1 [Welsh, Hartwell H.; Hodgson, Garth R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Expt Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Welsh, HH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Expt Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM hwelsh@fs.fed.us NR 102 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 53 IS 7 BP 1470 EP 1488 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.01963.x PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 308GS UT WOS:000256377000014 ER PT J AU Umeh, VC Garcia, LE AF Umeh, Vincent C. Garcia, Lloyd E. TI Monitoring and managing Ceratitis spp. complex of sweet orange varieties using locally made protein bait of brewery waste SO FRUITS LA English DT Article DE Nigeria; Citrus sinensis; Ceratitis; agricultural warning services; traps; attractants; breweries; waste utilization; hydrolyzed proteins ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; AFRICA AB Introduction. Fruit flies contribute significantly to yield losses experienced by citrus farmers in Nigeria. The majority of farmers have meager resources and limited knowledge of appropriate citrus pest management strategies. The best alternative for them is the application of control methods that are environmentally friendly and affordable. Our work was therefore designed to develop baits from a cheap source for monitoring fruit fly populations and controlling them while minimizing environmental hazards. Materials and methods. Protein bait prepared locally from brewery yeast waste by the process of heat autolysis was compared with the imported protein hydrolysate bait in McPhail traps. These traps were hung on the trees of four sweet orange varieties during the major citrus fruiting seasons of 2003 and 2004. Results. Species of Ceratitis dominated in the fruit fly samples collected. Both the imported and locally made baits caught significantly higher numbers of fruit flies than the non-baited control. There was no significant difference between the populations of fruit flies caught by the two baits during the studies. The decreasing order of varieties according to trapped fruit fly numbers for both the imported and locally made baits were: Washington navel > Parson Brown > Valencia late > Agege-1. The fruit fly numbers observed on Washington navel were significantly higher than those of Agege-1 and Valencia late. Discussion. Our results show the effectiveness of the locally made protein bait in fruit fly monitoring and management. Varietal differences also played a part in determining the extent of fruit fly attacks on sweet oranges. C1 [Umeh, Vincent C.] Jericho Reservat Area, Natl Hort Res Inst, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Garcia, Lloyd E.] PPQ, APHIS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Umeh, VC (reprint author), Jericho Reservat Area, Natl Hort Res Inst, PMB 5432, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM vumeha@yahoo.com NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0248-1294 J9 FRUITS JI Fruits PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1051/fruits:2008014 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA 333UB UT WOS:000258176900003 ER PT J AU Zhao, AP Urban, JF Anthony, RM Sun, R Stiltz, J Van Rooijen, N Wynn, TA Gause, WC Shea-Donohue, T AF Zhao, Aiping Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Anthony, Robert M. Sun, Rex Stiltz, Jennifer Van Rooijen, Nico Wynn, Thomas A. Gause, William C. Shea-Donohue, Terez TI Th2 cytokine-induced alterations in lntestinal smooth muscle function depend on alternatively activated macrophages SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION; HELMINTH INFECTION; CELLS; EXPRESSION; STAT6; IL-13; HYPERCONTRACTILITY; INTERLEUKIN-13 AB Background&Aim: Enteric nematode infection induces a strong type 2 T helper cell (Th2) cytokine response characterized by increased infiltration of various immune cells, including macrophages. The role of these immune cells in host defense against nematode infection remains poorly defined. The present study investigated the role of macrophages and the arginase pathway in nematode-induced changes in intestinal smooth muscle function and worm expulsion. Methods: Mice were infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and treated with clodronate-containing liposome to deplete macrophages or given S-(2-boronoethyl)-I-cysteine in drinking water to inhibit arginase activity. Segments of intestinal smooth muscle were suspended in organ baths to determine responses to acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, or nerve stimulation. The phenotype of macrophages was monitored by measuring mRNA expression of the specific molecular markers by real-time polymerase chain reaction or viewed by immunofluorescence staining. Resuits: Infection increased the infiltration of macrophages and up-regulation alternatively activated macrophage markers by a mechanism dependent on interleukin-4 (IL-4) or interleukin-13 (IL-13) activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6. Elimination of alternatively activated macrophages blocked smooth muscle hypercontractility and the increased smooth muscle thickness, and impaired worm expulsion. in addition, specific inhibition of arginase activity interfered with smooth muscle contractility, but only partially affected the protective immunity of the host. Conclusions: These data show that the phenotype of macrophages is determined by the local immune environment and that alternatively activated macrophages play a major role in the effects of Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, on intestinal smooth muscle function. C1 [Zhao, Aiping; Sun, Rex; Stiltz, Jennifer; Shea-Donohue, Terez] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Mucosal Biol Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Zhao, Aiping; Sun, Rex; Stiltz, Jennifer; Shea-Donohue, Terez] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] Agr Res Serv, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Anthony, Robert M.; Gause, William C.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Van Rooijen, Nico] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, VUMC, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wynn, Thomas A.] NIAID, Div Parasitol, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Mucosal Biol Res Ctr, 20 Penn St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM tdonohue@mbrc.umaryland.edu RI Wynn, Thomas/C-2797-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI031678, R01 AI031678, R01 AI031678-12, R01 AI031678-13, R01 AI031678-14, R01 AI049316, R01 AI049316-07, R01 AI049316-08, R01-AI/DK49316]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK049316, R01 DK083418, T32 DK067872] NR 30 TC 93 Z9 95 U1 3 U2 13 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JUL PY 2008 VL 135 IS 1 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.03.077 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 324XE UT WOS:000257551900029 PM 18471439 ER PT J AU Williams, CM Ordovas, JM Lairon, D Hesketh, J Lietz, G Gibney, M van Ommen, B AF Williams, Christine M. Ordovas, Jose M. Lairon, Dennis Hesketh, John Lietz, Georg Gibney, Mike van Ommen, Ben TI The challenges for molecular nutrition research 1: linking genotype to healthy nutrition SO GENES AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE nutrigenetics; nutrigenomics; genotype; candidate gene ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; DIETARY-FAT INTAKE; BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; HUMAN GENOME; WEIGHT-LOSS; FTO GENE AB Nutrition science finds itself at a major crossroad. On the one hand we can continue the current path, which has resulted in some substantial advances, but also many conflicting messages which impair the trust of the general population, especially those who are motivated to improve their health through diet. The other road is uncharted and is being built over the many exciting new developments in life sciences. This new era of nutrition recognizes the complex relation between the health of the individual, its genome, and the life-long dietary exposure, and has lead to the realisation that nutrition is essentially a gene - environment interaction science. This review on the relation between genotype, diet and health is the first of a series dealing with the major challenges in molecular nutrition, analyzing the foundations of nutrition research. With the unravelling of the human genome and the linking of its variability to a multitude of phenotypes from " healthy'' to an enormously complex range of predispositions, the dietary modulation of these propensities has become an area of active research. Classical genetic approaches applied so far in medical genetics have steered away from incorporating dietary effects in their models and paradoxically, most genetic studies analyzing diet-associated phenotypes and diseases simply ignore diet. Yet, a modest but increasing number of studies are accounting for diet as a modulator of genetic associations. These range from observational cohorts to intervention studies with prospectively selected genotypes. New statistical and bioinformatics approaches are becoming available to aid in design and evaluation of these studies. This review discusses the various approaches used and provides concrete recommendations for future research. C1 [Williams, Christine M.] Univ Reading, Hugh Sinclair Unit Human Nutr, Reading RG6 6AP, Berks, England. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lairon, Dennis] Univ Mediterranee Aix Marseille, Fac Med, IPHM IFR 125, INSERM,INRA,1260,476, F-13385 Marseille, France. [Hesketh, John; Lietz, Georg] Univ Newcastle, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England. [Hesketh, John; Lietz, Georg] Univ Newcastle, Inst Cell & Mol Biosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England. [Gibney, Mike] Univ Coll Dublin, Ctr Food & Hlth, Dublin 2, Ireland. [van Ommen, Ben] TNO Qual Life, Dept Biosci, Delft, Netherlands. RP Williams, CM (reprint author), Univ Reading, Hugh Sinclair Unit Human Nutr, Reading RG6 6AP, Berks, England. EM c.m.williams@reading.ac.uk; jose.ordovas@tufts.edu; denis.lairon@univmed.fr; j.e.hesketh@newcastle.ac.uk; georg.lietz@newcastle.ac.uk; mike.gibney@ucd.ie; ben.vanommen@tno.nl RI Lietz, Georg/A-4084-2012; OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 NR 61 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1555-8932 J9 GENES NUTR JI Genes Nutr. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 3 IS 2 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1007/s12263-008-0086-1 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 353YF UT WOS:000259604600001 PM 18850186 ER PT J AU Lin, H Zhang, J Andrews, D Takagi, K Doolittle, J AF Lin, Henry Zhang, Jun Andrews, Danielle Takagi, Ken Doolittle, Jim TI Hydropedologic investigations in the Shale Hills catchment SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY JUL, 2008 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 [Lin, Henry; Zhang, Jun; Andrews, Danielle; Takagi, Ken] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Doolittle, Jim] Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA NRCS, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM henrylin@psu.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 12 SU 1 BP A552 EP A552 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 321JU UT WOS:000257301601367 ER PT J AU Nimick, DA Gurrier, JT Furniss, G AF Nimick, David A. Gurrieri, Joseph T. Furniss, George TI An empirical method for, estimating instream pre-mining pH and dissolved Cu concentration in catchments with acidic drainage and ferricrete SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY JUL, 2008 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 [Nimick, David A.] US Geol Survey, Helena, MT 59601 USA. [Gurrieri, Joseph T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Furniss, George] Univ Montana, Dept Geol, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM dnimick@usgs.gov; jgurrieri@fs.fed.us; comogeo@gmail.coin NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 12 SU 1 BP A683 EP A683 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 321JU UT WOS:000257301601628 ER PT J AU Stillings, LL Amacher, MC AF Stillings, Lisa L. Amacher, Michael C. TI Kinetics of Se release in mine waste from the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale, Phosphoria Formation, Wooley Valley, ID, USA SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY JUL, 2008 CL Vancouver, CANADA C1 [Stillings, Lisa L.] US Geol Survey, Reno, NV USA. [Amacher, Michael C.] US Forest Serv, RMRS, Logan, UT USA. EM stilling@usgs.gov; mamacher@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 12 SU 1 BP A901 EP A901 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 321JU UT WOS:000257301602327 ER PT J AU Hurteau, M North, M AF Hurteau, Matthew North, Malcolm TI Mixed-conifer understory response to climate change, nitrogen, and fire SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; climate change; disturbance; diversity; fire; forest fuels; mixed-conifer; nitrogen deposition; Sierra Nevada ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SPECIES RICHNESS; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; GRASSLAND RESPONSES; SIERRA-NEVADA; CO2; VEGETATION; FORESTS; MANAGEMENT; DEPOSITION AB California's Sierra Nevada mountains are predicted to experience greater variation in annual precipitation according to climate change models, while nitrogen deposition from pollution continues to increase. These changes may significantly affect understory communities and fuels in forests where managers are attempting to restore historic conditions after a century of altered fire regimes. The objective of this research was to experimentally test the effects of increasing and decreasing snowpack depth, increasing nitrogen, and applying prescribed fire to mixed-conifer forest understories at two sites in the central and southern Sierra Nevada. Understory response to treatments significantly differed between sites with herb biomass increasing in shrub-dominated communities when snowpack was reduced. Fire was a more important factor in post-treatment species richness and cover than either snowpack addition or reduction. Nitrogen additions unexpectedly increased herbaceous species richness. These varied findings indicate that modeling future climatic influences on biodiversity may be more difficult than additive prediction based on increasing the ecosystem's two limiting growth resources. Increasing snowpack and nitrogen resulted in increased shrub biomass production at both sites and increased herb production at the southern site. This additional understory biomass has the potential to increase fuel connectivity in patchy Sierran mixed-conifer forests, increasing fire severity and size. C1 [Hurteau, Matthew] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hurteau, Matthew; North, Malcolm] USFS Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hurteau, M (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Natl Inst Climat Change Res, BOX 6077, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Matthew.Hurteau@nau.edu RI Hurteau, Matthew/D-2301-2009 OI Hurteau, Matthew/0000-0001-8457-8974 NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1543 EP 1552 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01584.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 309FO UT WOS:000256446300008 ER PT J AU Fay, PA Kaufman, DM Nippert, JB Carlisle, JD Harper, CW AF Fay, Philipa A. Kaufman, Dawn M. Nippert, Jesse B. Carlisle, Jonathan D. Harper, Christopher W. TI Changes in grassland ecosystem function due to extreme rainfall events: implications for responses to climate change SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon cycle; climate change; mesocosm; photosynthesis; productivity; rainout shelter; soil moisture; soil respiration; tallgrass prairie ID SOIL CO2 FLUX; WATER RELATIONS; UNITED-STATES; ELEVATED CO2; PRECIPITATION PULSES; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; GAS-EXCHANGE; VARIABILITY; PRODUCTIVITY; PATTERNS AB Climate change is causing measurable changes in rainfall patterns, and will likely cause increases in extreme rainfall events, with uncertain implications for key processes in ecosystem function and carbon cycling. We examined how variation in rainfall total quantity (Q), the interval between rainfall events (I), and individual event size (S-E) affected soil water content (SWC) and three aspects of ecosystem function: leaf photosynthetic carbon gain (A(CO2)), aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), and soil respiration (J(CO2)). We utilized rainout shelter-covered mesocosms (2.6 m(3)) containing assemblages of tallgrass prairie grasses and forbs. These were hand watered with 16 I x Q treatment combinations, using event sizes from 4 to 53 mm. Increasing Q by 250% (400-1000 mm yr(-1)) increased mean soil moisture and all three processes as expected, but only by 20-55% (P <= 0.004), suggesting diminishing returns in ecosystem function as Q increased. Increasing I (from 3 to 15 days between rainfall inputs) caused both positive (A(CO2)) and negative (J(CO2)) changes in ecosystem processes (20-70%, P <= 0.01), within and across levels of Q, indicating that I strongly influenced the effects of Q, and shifted the system towards increased net carbon uptake. Variation in SE at shorter I produced greater response in soil moisture and ecosystem processes than did variation in S-E at longer I, suggesting greater stability in ecosystem function at longer I and a priming effect at shorter I. Significant differences in ANPP and J(CO2) between treatments differing in I and Q but sharing the same S-E showed that the prevailing pattern of rainfall influenced the responses to a given event size. Grassland ecosystem responses to extreme rainfall patterns expected with climate change are, therefore, likely to be variable, depending on how I, Q, and S-E combine, but will likely result in changes in ecosystem carbon cycling. C1 [Fay, Philipa A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Kaufman, Dawn M.; Nippert, Jesse B.; Carlisle, Jonathan D.; Harper, Christopher W.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Fay, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM philip.fay@ars.usda.gov RI Young, Kristina/M-3069-2014; OI Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 NR 37 TC 104 Z9 107 U1 12 U2 101 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1600 EP 1608 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01605.x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 309FO UT WOS:000256446300013 ER PT J AU Polley, HW Frank, AB Sanabria, J Phillips, RL AF Polley, H. Wayne Frank, Albert B. Sanabria, Joaquin Phillips, Rebecca L. TI Interannual variability in carbon dioxide fluxes and flux-climate relationships on grazed and ungrazed northern mixed-grass prairie SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climatic variability; daytime ecosystem CO(2) exchange; functional change; net ecosystem; exchange of CO(2); night-time respiration ID SOIL CO2 FLUX; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS; RAINFALL VARIABILITY; GREAT-PLAINS; SHORT-TERM; LONG-TERM; EXCHANGE; ECOSYSTEM; VEGETATION AB The annual carbon (C) budget of grasslands is highly dynamic, dependent on grazing history and on effects of interannual variability (IAV) in climate on carbon dioxide (CO(2)) fluxes. Variability in climatic drivers may directly affect fluxes, but also may indirectly affect fluxes by altering the response of the biota to the environment, an effect termed 'functional change'. We measured net ecosystem exchange of CO(2) (NEE) and its diurnal components, daytime ecosystem CO(2) exchange (P(D)) and night-time respiration (R(E)), on grazed and ungrazed mixed-grass prairie in North Dakota, USA, for five growing seasons. Our primary objective was to determine how climatic anomalies influence variability in CO(2) exchange. We used regression analysis to distinguish direct effects of IAV in climate on fluxes from functional change. Functional change was quantified as the improvement in regression on fitting a model in which slopes of flux-climate relationships vary among years rather than remain invariant. Functional change and direct effects of climatic variation together explained about 20% of variance in weekly means of NEE, P(D), and R(E). Functional change accounted for more than twice the variance in fluxes of direct effects of climatic variability. Grazing did not consistently influence the contribution of functional change to flux variability, but altered which environmental variable best explained year-to-year differences in flux-climate slopes, reduced IAV in seasonal means of fluxes, lessened the strength of flux-climate correlations, and increased NEE by reducing R(E) relatively more than P(D). Most of these trends are consistent with the interpretation that grazing reduced the influence of plants on ecosystem fluxes. Because relationships between weekly values of fluxes and climatic regulators changed annually, year-to-year differences in the C balance of these ecosystems cannot be predicted from knowledge of IAV in climate alone. C1 [Polley, H. Wayne] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Frank, Albert B.; Phillips, Rebecca L.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Sanabria, Joaquin] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Polley, HW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov RI Phillips, Rebecca/G-6175-2015 OI Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065 NR 33 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1620 EP 1632 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01599.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 309FO UT WOS:000256446300015 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, EA AF Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. TI Rice production in a changing climate: a meta-analysis of responses to elevated carbon dioxide and elevated ozone concentration SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cultivar; face; global change; Oryza sativa; photosynthesis; stress; yield ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; SEASONAL-CHANGES; CROP YIELDS; GROWTH; FACE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; IMPACT; FOOD AB Rice is arguably the most important food source on the planet and is consumed by over half of the world's population. Considerable increases in yield are required over this century to continue feeding the world's growing population. This meta-analysis synthesizes the research to date on rice responses to two elements of global change, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and rising tropospheric ozone concentration ([O-3]). On an average, elevated [CO2] (627 ppm) increased rice yields by 23%. Modest increases in grain mass and larger increases in panicle and grain number contributed to this response. The response of rice to elevated [CO2] varied with fumigation technique. The more closely the fumigation conditions mimicked field conditions, the smaller was the stimulation of yield by elevated [CO2]. Free air concentration enrichment (FACE) experiments showed only a 12% increase in rice yield. The rise in atmospheric [CO2] will be accompanied by increases in tropospheric O-3 and temperature. When compared with rice grown in charcoal-filtered air, rice exposed to 62 ppb O-3 showed a 14% decrease in yield. Many determinants of yield, including photosynthesis, biomass, leaf area index, grain number and grain mass, were reduced by elevated [O-3]. While there have been too few studies of the interaction of CO2 and O-3 for meta-analysis, the interaction of temperature and CO2 has been studied more widely. Elevated temperature treatments negated any enhancement in rice yield at elevated [CO2], which suggests that identifying high temperature tolerant germplasm will be key to realizing yield benefits in the future. C1 Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Photosynt Res Unit, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Photosynt Res Unit, Dept Plant Biol, 147 ERML,1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 153 Z9 176 U1 16 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1642 EP 1650 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01594.x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 309FO UT WOS:000256446300017 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Martinez, SC Huber, D Ersoz, E Davis, JM Neale, DB AF Gonzalez-Martinez, S. C. Huber, D. Ersoz, E. Davis, J. M. Neale, D. B. TI Association genetics in Pinus taeda L. II. Carbon isotope discrimination SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE association genetics; candidate genes; carbon isotope discrimination; Pinus taeda; single nucleotide polymorphisms; water use efficiency ID DROUGHT-STRESS-RESPONSE; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; LOBLOLLY-PINE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MARITIME PINE; DEHYDRIN GENE; HIGHER-PLANTS; NUCLEOTIDE DIVERSITY; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS AB Dissection of complex traits that influence fitness is not only a central topic in evolutionary research but can also assist breeding practices for economically important plant species, such as loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L). In this study, 46 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 41 disease and abiotic stress-inducible genes were tested for their genetic association with carbon isotope discrimination (CID), a time-integrated trait measure of stomatal conductance. A family-based approach to detect genotype/phenotype genetic association was developed for the first time in plants by applying the quantitative transmission disequilibrium test on an association population of 961 clones from 61 families (adopted from previous breeding programs) evaluated for phenotypic expression of CID at two sites. Two particularly promising candidates for their genetic effects on CID are: dhn-1, involved in stabilization of cell structures, and lp5-like, a glycine rich protein putatively related to cell wall reinforcement proteins, both of which were shown in previous studies to be water-deficit inducible. Moreover, association in lp5-like involves a nonsynonymous mutation in linkage disequilibrium with two other nonsynonymous polymorphisms that could, by acting together, enhance overall phenotypic effects. This study highlights the complexity of dissecting CID traits and provides insights for designing second-generation association studies based on candidate gene approaches in forest trees. C1 [Gonzalez-Martinez, S. C.; Ersoz, E.; Neale, D. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gonzalez-Martinez, S. C.] CIFOR INIA, Dept Forest Syst & Resources, Forest Res Inst, Madrid, Spain. [Huber, D.; Davis, J. M.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Neale, D. B.] USDA Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. RP Neale, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dbneale@ucdavis.edu RI Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C/H-2014-2012 OI Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C/0000-0002-4534-3766 NR 67 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD JUL PY 2008 VL 101 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1038/hdy.2008.21 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 314TW UT WOS:000256832800004 PM 18478029 ER PT J AU Chi, ZH Ren, H Wang, X Rong, M Huang, LP Wang, ZY AF Chi, Zhi-Hong Ren, Hao Wang, Xin Rong, Ming Huang, Liping Wang, Zhan-You TI The cellular and subcellular localization of zinc transporter 7 in the mouse spinal cord SO HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE zinc; zinc transporter; golgi apparatus; spinal cord; zinc selenide autometallography ID MAMMALIAN ZINC TRANSPORTER; GOLGI-APPARATUS; HEAVY-METALS; TERMINALS; ZNT7; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; AUTOMETALLOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION; HOMEOSTASIS; EXPRESSION AB The present work addresses the cellular and subcellular localization of the zinc transporter 7 (ZNT7, SLC30a7) protein and the distribution of zinc ions (Zn2+) in the mouse spinal cord. Our results indicated that the ZNT7 immunoreactive neurons were widely distributed in the Rexed's laminae of the gray matter in all spinal segments examined. The ependyma cells of the central canal and glia cells in the white matter were also shown ZNT7-positive. The ZNT7 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the perinuclear regions of ZNT7-positive cells in the spinal gray matter. For ependyma cells, the immunoreactivity of ZNT7 was detected in the cytoplasm near the lumina of the central canal. Ultrastructural localization showed that ZNT7 was predominately present in the membrane of the Golgi stacks. The double immunofluorescence studies confirmed this result. Other intracellular organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lysosomes were devoid of ZNT7-immunostaining. The chelatable Zn2+ ions in the spinal cord were found predominantly in the terminals of the neuron rather than the cell body in the gray matter. However, overlapping distribution of chelatable Zn2+ ions and ZNT7 was found in the ependyma cells. The present study supports the notion that ZNT7 may function to supply zinc ions to the newly synthesized metalloproteins in the secretory pathway of the spinal neuron and the ependyma cell. C1 [Chi, Zhi-Hong; Ren, Hao; Wang, Xin; Rong, Ming; Wang, Zhan-You] China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. [Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Huang, Liping] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Rowe Program Genet, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), China Med Univ, Dept Histol & Embryol, Shenyang 110001, Peoples R China. EM wangzy@mail.cmu.edu.cn NR 26 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU F HERNANDEZ PI MURCIA PA PLAZA FUENSANTA 2-7 C, 30008 MURCIA, SPAIN SN 0213-3911 J9 HISTOL HISTOPATHOL JI Histol. Histopath. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 23 IS 7 BP 781 EP 787 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 292MS UT WOS:000255271300001 PM 18437676 ER PT J AU McCollum, G AF McCollum, Greg TI Enhancing quality of fresh fruits and vegetables: Key to consumer demand SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [McCollum, Greg] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM reg.mccollum@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1049 EP 1049 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500004 ER PT J AU Rudell, D AF Rudell, David TI Holistic approaches to understanding fruit metabolism using metabolomics SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Rudell, David] ARS, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. EM david.rudell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1050 EP 1050 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500010 ER PT J AU Speekmann, CL Koop, AL AF Speekmann, Christa L. Koop, Anthony L. TI The revision of quarantine 37 (Q-37): Addressing the risks associated with the importation of plants for planting SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Speekmann, Christa L.] Plant Hlth Program, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Riverdale, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1051 EP 1051 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500013 ER PT J AU Cheng, ZM Smith, A Scorza, R AF Cheng, (Max) Zong-Ming Smith, Alan Scorza, Ralph TI Systems biology for horticultural sciences and how to participate SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Cheng, (Max) Zong-Ming] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Smith, Alan] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Scorza, Ralph] ARS, AFRS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM zcheng@utk.edu; sith022@umn.edu; ralph.scorza@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1052 EP 1052 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500016 ER PT J AU Takeda, F Perkins-Veazie, P AF Takeda, Fumiomi Perkins-Veazie, Penelope TI The nuts and bolts of high tunnel production and manipulation for specialized applications SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Takeda, Fumiomi] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] ARS, USDA, SCARL, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM Fumi.Takeda@ars.usda.gov; pperkins-usda@lanee-ag.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1053 EP 1053 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500017 ER PT J AU Bryla, DR AF Bryla, David R. TI Respiratory response of roots to heterogeneous soil conditions SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. EM brylad@onid.orst.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1054 EP 1054 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500021 ER PT J AU Wood, BW AF Wood, Bruce W. TI Nickel plant disease SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, Byron, GA USA. EM bruce.wood@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1055 EP 1056 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500027 ER PT J AU Frantz, J AF Frantz, Jonathan TI Energy efficiency in greenhouse production: Heating and heating alternatives SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Frantz, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH USA. EM jonathan.frantz@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1062 EP 1062 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500052 ER PT J AU McCollum, G AF McCollum, Greg TI Integration of sensory analysis into postharvest research SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [McCollum, Greg] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM greg.mccollum@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1064 EP 1064 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500062 ER PT J AU Plotto, A AF Plotto, Anne TI Descriptive analysis of horticultural crops SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Plotto, Anne] USDA ARS, Winter Haven, FL USA. EM plotto@citrus.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1064 EP 1065 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500063 ER PT J AU Albano, J AF Albano, Joseph TI Irrigation in a future of limited water supplies: Making every drop count SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Albano, Joseph] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM joseph.albano@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1069 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500081 ER PT J AU Stover, E AF Stover, Ed TI Established and emerging tropical fruits: New cultivars and new species for the US consumer SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM ed.stover@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1070 EP 1070 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500086 ER PT J AU Zee, F Brower, TKM AF Zee, Francis Brower, Tackie K. Matsumoto TI The tropical fruit and nut collections and research at the USDA/ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center tropical plant genetic resources management unit SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Zee, Francis] ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI USA. EM francis.zee@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1071 EP 1071 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500088 ER PT J AU Ayala-Silva, T Schnell, R Meerow, AW AF Ayala-Silva, Tomas Schnell, Raymond Meerow, Alan W. TI The national plant germplasm system: The case of the subtropical and tropical germplasm repositories in Miami, FL, and Mayaguez, PR SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Ayala-Silva, Tomas] ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Repository Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. EM tomas.ayala.silva@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1072 EP 1072 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500092 ER PT J AU Bassett, C Wisniewski, M Baldo, A Korban, S Gasic, K Farrell, R AF Bassett, Carole Wisniewski, Michael Baldo, Angela Korban, Schuyler Gasic, Ksenija Farrell, Robert, Jr. TI Apple root expressed sequence tags (ESTs) responding to water deficit SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bassett, Carole; Wisniewski, Michael] USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Baldo, Angela] USDA, Geneva, NY USA. [Korban, Schuyler] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gasic, Ksenija] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Farrell, Robert, Jr.] Penn State Univ, York, PA USA. EM Carole.Bassett@ars.usda.gov; Michael.Wisniewski@ars.usda.gov; Angela.Baldo@ars.usda.gov; korban@uiuc.edu; KGASIC@exchange.clemson.edu; jrf10@psu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1079 EP 1079 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500115 ER PT J AU Lightbourn, G Winkel, B Griesbach, R Stommel, J AF Lightbourn, Gordon Winkel, Brenda Griesbach, Robert Stommel, John TI Differential expression of transcription factors associated with anthocyanin pigmentation in capsicum SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Lightbourn, Gordon; Winkel, Brenda] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Griesbach, Robert] ARS, USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD USA. [Stommel, John] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD USA. EM gordon.lightbourn@ars.usda.gov; winkel@vt.edu; robert.griesbach@ars.usda.gov; john.stommel@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1079 EP 1079 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500116 ER PT J AU Bowman, K AF Bowman, Kim TI Citrus greening disease in seedlings from positive trees SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bowman, Kim] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM kim.bowman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1090 EP 1091 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500153 ER PT J AU Wang, XW Wadl, P Scheffler, B Rinehart, T Gann, A Reed, S Windham, M Trigiano, R AF Wang, Xinwang Wadl, Phillip Scheffler, Brian Rinehart, Timothy Gann, Ashley Reed, Sandra Windham, Mark Trigiano, Robert TI Applications of microsatellites in two big bracted dogwood species, flowering and kousa dogwood SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wang, Xinwang] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Wadl, Phillip] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Scheffler, Brian] USDA ARS, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS USA. [Gann, Ashley] Coll Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Knoxville, TN USA. [Reed, Sandra] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA. EM xinwang@utk.edu; pwadl@utk.edu; scheffler@ars.usda.gov; trinehart@ars.usda.gov; agann4@utk.edu; Sandra.Reed@ars.usda.gov; mwindham@utk.edu; rtrigian@utk.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1094 EP 1094 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500165 ER PT J AU Greer, S Adkins, J Reed, S AF Greer, Stephen Adkins, Jeffrey Reed, Sandra TI Increasing phenotypic diversity in Hydrangea macrophylla using targeted and random mutation SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Greer, Stephen] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. [Adkins, Jeffrey] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Nacogdoches, TX USA. [Reed, Sandra] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA. EM stephen.greer@ars.usda.gov; adkinsja@sfasu.edu; Sandra.Reed@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1101 EP 1101 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500188 ER PT J AU Rinehart, T Reed, S AF Rinehart, Timothy Reed, Sandra TI Genetic diversity estimates for Dichroa species SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Rinehart, Timothy] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. [Reed, Sandra] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA. EM tim.rinehart@ars.usda.gov; Sandra.Reed@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1101 EP 1102 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500189 ER PT J AU Sagaram, M Lombardini, L Grauke, LJ AF Sagaram, Madhulika Lombardini, Leonardo Grauke, L. J. TI Variation in anatomy and carbon isotope discrimination in leaves of pecan populations from Mexico and the United States SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Sagaram, Madhulika] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Lombardini, Leonardo] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Grauke, L. J.] USDA, Somerville, NJ USA. EM madhulika@ufl.edu; l-lombardini@tamu.edu; ljg@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1103 EP 1103 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500195 ER PT J AU Shrefler, J Webber, C Roberts, W Brandenberger, L Taylor, M AF Shrefler, James Webber, Charles, III Roberts, Warren Brandenberger, Lynn Taylor, Merritt TI Potential components for weed management in organic vegetable production systems SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Shrefler, James; Roberts, Warren; Taylor, Merritt] Oklahoma State Univ, Lane, OK USA. [Webber, Charles, III] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK USA. [Brandenberger, Lynn] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM jim.shrefler@okstate.edu; cwebber-usda@lane-ag.org; wroberts@lane-ag.org; lynn.brandenberger@okstate.edu; mtaylor-okstate@lane-ag.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1107 EP 1107 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500207 ER PT J AU Mou, BQ AF Mou, Beiquan TI Evaluation of oxalate concentration in the US spinach germplasm collection SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Mou, Beiquan] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. EM Beiquan.Mou@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1109 EP 1109 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500214 ER PT J AU Volk, G Rosen, C Allan, D O'Callaghan, A Zandstra, J Stern, D AF Volk, Gayle Rosen, Carl Allan, Deborah O'Callaghan, Angela Zandstra, John Stern, David TI Regional specificity of genetically diverse garlic varieties SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Volk, Gayle] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Rosen, Carl] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Callaghan, Angela] Univ Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Zandstra, John] Univ Guelph, Ridgetown, ON, Canada. [Stern, David] Garl Seed Fdn, Rose, NY USA. EM gvolk@lamar.colostate.edu; rosen006@umn.edu; dallan@umn.edu; ocallaghana@unce.unr.edu; jzandstr@ridgetownc.uoguelph.ca; jcawley@fingerlakesorganic.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1109 EP 1110 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500215 ER PT J AU Yuri, JA Lepe, V Sepulveda, A Bastias, R Moggia, C Gonzalez, JR Lobos, GA Glenn, DM AF Yuri, Jose A. Lepe, Valeria Sepulveda, Alvaro Bastias, Richard Moggia, Claudia Gonzalez, Jaime R. Lobos, Gustavo A. Glenn, David Michael TI Sunburn on apples: Fifteen years of research in Chile supports heat as the main cause of damage SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Yuri, Jose A.; Lepe, Valeria; Sepulveda, Alvaro; Moggia, Claudia; Gonzalez, Jaime R.; Lobos, Gustavo A.] Univ Talca, Ctr Pomaceas, Talca, Chile. [Bastias, Richard] Univ Concepcion, Fac Agron, Chillan, Chile. [Glenn, David Michael] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM ayuri@utalca.cl; vlepec@utalca.cl; asepulveda@utalca.cl; rbastias@udec.cl; cmoggia@utalca.cl; jgonzalezt@utalca.cl; globosp@utalca.cl; Michael.Glenn@ars.usda.gov RI Lobos, Gustavo/B-8996-2013 OI Lobos, Gustavo/0000-0002-0874-4309 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1110 EP 1111 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500218 ER PT J AU Bryla, DR Kaufman, D Strik, BC AF Bryla, David R. Kaufman, Diane Strik, Bernadine C. TI Effects of irrigation method and level of water application on fruit size and yield in red raspberry during the first year of full production SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bryla, David R.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Kaufman, Diane] Oregon State Univ, Aurora, OR USA. [Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM brylad@onid.orst.edu; diane.kaufman@oregonstate.edu; strikb@hort.oregonstate.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1112 EP 1112 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500224 ER PT J AU Yang, WQ Martin, R Chang, YJ AF Yang, Wei Qiang Martin, Robert Chang, Yongjian TI Developing blueberry plants with shock virus tolerance for the Pacific Northwest SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Yang, Wei Qiang] Oregon State Univ, Aurora, OR USA. [Martin, Robert] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Chang, Yongjian] N Amer Plants LLC, Lafayette, OR USA. EM wei.yang@oregonstate.edu; robert.martin@ars.usda.gov; office@naplants.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1113 EP 1113 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500225 ER PT J AU Dardick, C Callahan, A Scorza, R Chiozzotto, R Ralph, J Schaffer, R AF Dardick, Chris Callahan, Ann Scorza, Ralph Chiozzotto, Remo Ralph, John Schaffer, Robert TI Stone fruit stones: A model system for studying lignin biosynthesis and regulation SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Dardick, Chris; Callahan, Ann; Scorza, Ralph] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Chiozzotto, Remo] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. [Ralph, John] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Schaffer, Robert] HortRes Aukland, Auckland 1025, New Zealand. EM Chris.Dardick@ARS.USDA.GOV; ann.callahan@ars.usda.gov; ralph.scorza@ars.usda.ogv; remo.chiozzotto@unimi.it; john.ralph@ars.usda.gov; RSchaffer@hortresearch.co.nz RI Schaffer, Robert/D-1018-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1118 EP 1119 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500245 ER PT J AU Stover, E Gottwald, T Hall, D Aradhya, M Zee, F Crane, J AF Stover, Ed Gottwald, Tim Hall, David Aradhya, Malli Zee, Francis Crane, Jonathan TI Guava SSR analysis: Diversity assessment and similarity to accessions associated with reducing citrus greening in Vietnam SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Stover, Ed; Gottwald, Tim; Hall, David] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Aradhya, Malli] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. [Zee, Francis] USDA ARS, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI USA. [Crane, Jonathan] Univ Fla, IFAS, TREC, Homestead, FL USA. EM ed.stover@ars.usda.gov; tim.gottwald@ars.usda.gov; david.hall@ars.usda.gov; aradhya@ucdavis.edu; francis.zee@ars.usda.gov; jhcr@ufl.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1119 EP 1119 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500246 ER PT J AU Taylor, M Frantz, J Nelson, P AF Taylor, Matthew Frantz, Jonathan Nelson, Paul TI High light suppression of phosphorus uptake and consequent root substrate acidification by geranium SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Taylor, Matthew; Nelson, Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH USA. EM mtaylo@gmail.com; jonathan.frantz@ars.usda.gov; paul_nelson@ncsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1123 EP 1124 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500261 ER PT J AU Boyer, CR Gallagher, TV Gilliam, CH Fain, GB Torbert, HA Sibley, JL AF Boyer, Cheryl R. Gallagher, Thomas V. Gilliam, Charles H. Fain, Glenn B. Torbert, H. Allen Sibley, Jeff L. TI Survey of forest residual availability for nursery production in the Southeast SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Boyer, Cheryl R.; Gallagher, Thomas V.; Gilliam, Charles H.; Fain, Glenn B.; Sibley, Jeff L.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Auburn, AL USA. EM boyercr@auburn.edu; gallatv@auburn.edu; gillic1@auburn.edu; gbf0002@auburn.edu; allen.torbert@ars.usda.gov; sibleje@auburn.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1126 EP 1126 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500269 ER PT J AU Zazirska, M Owen, JS Altland, JE AF Zazirska, Magdalena Owen, James S., Jr. Altland, James E. TI Physical and hydraulic properties of Douglas fir bark affected by peat moss and pumice SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Zazirska, Magdalena; Owen, James S., Jr.] Oregon State Univ, N Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Altland, James E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH USA. EM Magdalena.Zazirska@oregonstate.edu; jim.owen@oregonstate.edu; james.altland@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1126 EP 1127 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500270 ER PT J AU Kim, SH Glenn, DM AF Kim, Soo-Hyung Glenn, David Michael TI Modeling the effects of processed-kaolin particle films on leaf and whole-plant physiology of fruit trees SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Kim, Soo-Hyung] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Glenn, David Michael] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM soohkim@u.washington.edu; Michael.Glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1128 EP 1128 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500275 ER PT J AU Tarara, J Blom, P AF Tarara, Julie Blom, Paul TI Trellis tension monitor for continuous growth and yield information SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Tarara, Julie; Blom, Paul] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM jtarara@wsu.edu; pblom@wsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1129 EP 1130 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500279 ER PT J AU Vinson, E Woods, F Perkins-Veazie, P Kemble, J Davis, A Foshee, W Burkett, J AF Vinson, Edgar Woods, Floyd Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Kemble, Joseph Davis, Angela Foshee, Wheeler Burkett, Jason TI Accumulation of lycopene as an indicator of maturity in personal-size melons SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Vinson, Edgar; Woods, Floyd; Kemble, Joseph; Foshee, Wheeler] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Burkett, Jason] Auburn Univ, Shorter, AL USA. [Davis, Angela] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK USA. EM vinsoed@auburn.edu; fwoods@auburn.edu; pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org; kembljm@auburn.edu; adavis-usda@lane-ag.org; wfoshee@auburn.edu; burkeje@auburn.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1132 EP 1132 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500287 ER PT J AU Dalton, D Hummer, K AF Dalton, Daniel Hummer, Kim TI Ribes bloom phenology in a diverse field genebank SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Dalton, Daniel] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hummer, Kim] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM daltond@hort.oregonstate.edu; Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1135 EP 1136 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500298 ER PT J AU Volk, G Forsline, P Richards, C Aldwinckle, H AF Volk, Gayle Forsline, Philip Richards, Christopher Aldwinckle, Herb TI Diversity of wild Malus germplasm available in the USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Volk, Gayle] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Forsline, Philip] Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY USA. [Richards, Christopher] USDA ARS, NCGRP, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Aldwinckle, Herb] Cornell Univ, Geneva, NY USA. EM gvolk@lamar.colostate.edu; plf1@cornell.edu; crichard@lamar.colostate.edu; hsa1@cornell.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1136 EP 1136 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500300 ER PT J AU Hwei, YI Byers, P Hu, JG Thomas, A Tesfaye, S AF Hwei-Yiing Byers, Patrick Hu, Jinguo Thomas, Andrew Tesfaye, Samson TI Assessment of genetic diversity among elderberry (Sambucus sp.) species, cultivars, and wild selections by TRAP technique SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Hwei-Yiing] Lincoln Univ, Johnson Cooperat Res & Extens, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Byers, Patrick] Missouri State Univ, State Fruit Expt Stn, Mt Grove, MO USA. [Hu, Jinguo] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND USA. [Thomas, Andrew] Univ Missouri, SW Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO USA. EM PLByers@missouriState.edu; Jinguo.Hu@ARS.USDA.GOV; ThomasAL@missouri.edu; tesfayes@lincolnu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1137 EP 1137 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500303 ER PT J AU Schreiner, RP Lee, JM AF Schreiner, R. Paul Lee, Jungmin TI Nutrient response of 'Pinot noir' in a sand-culture vineyard SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Schreiner, R. Paul] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR USA. [Lee, Jungmin] USDA ARS HCRL, Parma, ID USA. EM Paul.Schreiner@ars.usda.gov; Jungmin.Lee@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1146 EP 1146 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500328 ER PT J AU Takeda, F Glenn, DM Stutte, G AF Takeda, Fumiomi Glenn, David Michael Stutte, Gary TI Light quality affects flowering in short-day 'Strawberry Festival' strawberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Takeda, Fumiomi; Glenn, David Michael] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM Fumi.Takeda@ars.usda.gov; Michael.Glenn@ars.usda.gov; gary.w.stutte@nasa.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1146 EP 1146 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500330 ER PT J AU Kosola, K Holmquist, K Workmaster, BA AF Kosola, Kevin Holmquist, Karsten Workmaster, Beth Ann TI ITS-PCR characterization of ericoid mycorrhizal fungal communities in cultivated cranberry from the field and in trap-culture SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Kosola, Kevin] Univ Wisconsin, Madison Chesterfield, MO USA. [Holmquist, Karsten] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. [Workmaster, Beth Ann] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM krkoso@monsanto.com; kgholmquist@wise.edu; bworkmas@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1147 EP 1147 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500332 ER PT J AU Dea, S Brecht, JK Nunes, MCN Baldwin, EA AF Dea, Sharon Brecht, Jeffrey K. Nunes, Maria Cecilia N. Baldwin, Elizabeth A. TI Incidence of chilling injury in fresh-cut 'Kent' mangoes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Dea, Sharon; Brecht, Jeffrey K.; Nunes, Maria Cecilia N.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Winter Haven, FL USA. EM shdea@ufl.edu; jkbrecht@ufl.edu; nunes@ufl.edu; Liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov RI Brecht, Jeffrey/B-2375-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1148 EP 1148 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500335 ER PT J AU Wasonga, C Griffiths, P Pastor-Corrales, M Porch, T AF Wasonga, Charles Griffiths, Phillip Pastor-Corrales, Marcial Porch, Tim TI Combining rust resistance and heat tolerance in snap beans SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wasonga, Charles; Griffiths, Phillip] Cornell Univ, Geneva, NY USA. [Pastor-Corrales, Marcial] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Porch, Tim] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. EM cjw56@cornell.edu; pdg8@cornell.edu; talo.pastor-corrales@ars.usda.gov; Timo-thy.Porch@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1151 EP 1151 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500344 ER PT J AU Farnham, MW Bjorkman, T AF Farnham, Mark W. Bjorkman, Thomas TI Development of broccoli adapted to summer conditions in the southeastern United States SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Farnham, Mark W.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Bjorkman, Thomas] Cornell Univ, Geneva, NY USA. EM mfarnham@saa.ars.usda.gov; tnb1@cornell.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1152 EP 1152 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500349 ER PT J AU Tanis, S Cregg, B Mota-Sanchez, D McCullough, D Poland, T Hollingworth, R AF Tanis, Sara Cregg, Bert Mota-Sanchez, David McCullough, Deb Poland, Therese Hollingworth, Robert TI Distribution and persistence of imidacloprid in ash trees following trunk injection: Spring versus fall injections SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Tanis, Sara; Cregg, Bert; Mota-Sanchez, David; McCullough, Deb; Hollingworth, Robert] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Poland, Therese] USDA Forest Serv, E Lansing, MI USA. EM tanissar@msu.edu; cregg@msu.edu; motasanc@msu.edu; mccullo6@msu.edu; polandt@msu.edu; rmholl@msu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1160 EP 1160 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500374 ER PT J AU Okie, W Blackburn, B AF Okie, William Blackburn, Bryan TI Interaction of chill and heat in peach flower bud dormancy SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Okie, William; Blackburn, Bryan] USDA ARS, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA USA. EM William.Okie@ars.usda.gov; bryan.blackburn@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1161 EP 1161 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500376 ER PT J AU Davenport, T Burg, S Follett, P AF Davenport, Thomas Burg, Stanley Follett, Peter TI A lab scale low-pressure chamber system for conducting hypobaric research SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Davenport, Thomas] Univ Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL USA. [Burg, Stanley] VacuFresh Inc, Miami, FL USA. [Follett, Peter] ARS, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. EM tldav@ifas.ufl.edu; stanpburg@bellsouth.net; pfollett@pbarc.ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1168 EP 1168 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500399 ER PT J AU Muller, KL Gersony, JA Frey, PA Wilson, SB Scully, BT AF Muller, Keona L. Gersony, Judith A. Frey, Patricia A. Wilson, Sandra B. Scully, Brian T. TI The linear garden: A unique, inexpensive, and effective way to facilitate plant identification and roadside beautification SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Muller, Keona L.; Gersony, Judith A.; Frey, Patricia A.; Wilson, Sandra B.] Univ Florida, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Scully, Brian T.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM keonalee@ufl.edu; jgersony@ufl.edu; patfrey@ufl.edu; sbwilson@ufl.edu; Brian.Scully@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1173 EP 1173 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500412 ER PT J AU Albano, J AF Albano, Joseph TI An evaluation of the chelating agent EDDS for marigold production SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Albano, Joseph] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM joseph.albano@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1177 EP 1177 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500424 ER PT J AU Mitschele, R Radovich, T Fares, A Robotham, M AF Mitschele, Rebecca Radovich, Theodore Fares, Ali Robotham, Michael TI Application and evaluation of a rapid nitrate-n test for soil solution under perennial peanut (Arachis pintoi) living mulch SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Mitschele, Rebecca; Radovich, Theodore; Fares, Ali] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Robotham, Michael] USDA, Honolulu, HI USA. EM rsm@hawaii.edu; theodore@hawaii.edu; afares@hawaii.edu; mikero@hawaii.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1181 EP 1182 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500441 ER PT J AU Moore-Kucera, J Acosta-Martinez, V Azarenko, A AF Moore-Kucera, Jennifer Acosta-Martinez, Veronica Azarenko, Anita TI Soil microbial communities and activities under different orchard floor management systems in oregon sweet cherry orchards SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Moore-Kucera, Jennifer; Azarenko, Anita] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Acosta-Martinez, Veronica] USDA ARS, Lubbock, TX USA. EM jennifer.kucera@hort.oregon-state.edu; veronica.acostamart@ars.usda.gov; Anita.Azarenko@oregonstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1182 EP 1182 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500443 ER PT J AU Pasian, C Frantz, J AF Pasian, Claudio Frantz, Jonathan TI Evaluating fibrous polyethylene terephthalate and cellulose as components for soilless substrates SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Pasian, Claudio] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH USA. EM pasian.1@osu.edu; jonathan.frantz@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1182 EP 1182 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500442 ER PT J AU Morales-Payan, JP Marquez-Mendez, PE Charudattan, R Rosskopf, E Shabanna, Y Klassen, W AF Morales-Payan, J. Pablo Marquez-Mendez, Pedro E. Charudattan, Raghavan Rosskopf, Erin Shabanna, Yasser Klassen, Waldemar TI Organic and plastic mulches for suppression of purple nutsedge in watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Morales-Payan, J. Pablo; Marquez-Mendez, Pedro E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Charudattan, Raghavan; Shabanna, Yasser] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Rosskopf, Erin] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Klassen, Waldemar] Univ Florida, Homestead, FL USA. EM jpmorales@uprm.edu; jpmorales@uprm.edu; rc@ifas.ufl.edu; erin.rosskopf@ars.usda.gov; yshabana@ufl.edu; Klassen@ifas.ufl.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1185 EP 1186 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500453 ER PT J AU Ehlenfeldt, M Martin, R AF Ehlenfeldt, Mark Martin, Robert, Jr. TI Self-fertility evaluations of northern-adapted rabbiteye blueberry hybrids SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Ehlenfeldt, Mark; Martin, Robert, Jr.] USDA ARS, Chatsworth, NJ USA. EM mark.ehlenfeldt@ars.usda.gov; robert.martin@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1187 EP 1188 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500460 ER PT J AU Hummer, K Bassil, N AF Hummer, Kim Bassil, Nahla TI Unexpected polyploidy in wild Asian strawberries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Hummer, Kim; Bassil, Nahla] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov; nbassil@ars-grin.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1187 EP 1187 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500459 ER PT J AU Quist, E Rubino, M Guyer, D Auras, R Ariana, D Bailey, B Renfu, L AF Quist, Ekuwa Rubino, Maria Guyer, Daniel Auras, Rafael Ariana, Diwan Bailey, Benjamin Renfu, Lu TI The impact of wax application on gloss development on michigan 'red delicious' apples SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bailey, Benjamin; Renfu, Lu] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, SBRU, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM enyoq@msu.edu; mariar@msu.edu; guyer@msu.edu; aurasraf@msu.edu; arianadi@msu.edu; baileyb9@msu.edu; lur@msu.edu RI Auras, Rafael/J-6547-2012 OI Auras, Rafael/0000-0002-4378-359X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1189 EP 1189 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500465 ER PT J AU Perkins-Veazie, P Olson, S Hassell, R Schultheis, J Miller, G Kelley, WT AF Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Olson, Stephen Hassell, Richard Schultheis, Jonathan Miller, Gilbert Kelley, William T. TI Rootstock of interspecific squash hybrids (Cucarbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata) increases lycopene content of watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS SCARL, Lane, OK USA. [Olson, Stephen] Univ Florida, Quincy, FL USA. [Hassell, Richard] Clemson Univ, Charleston, SC USA. [Schultheis, Jonathan] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Miller, Gilbert] Clemson Univ, Blacksville, SC USA. [Kelley, William T.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. EM pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org; smolson@ufl.edu; rhassel@clemson.edu; jonathan_schultheis@ncsu.edu; gmllr@clemson.edu; wkelley@uga.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1199 EP 1200 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500498 ER PT J AU Abney, K Kopsell, D Sams, C Robertson, L AF Abney, Kristin Kopsell, Dean Sams, Carl Robertson, Larry TI Characterization of nutritionally important carotenoids in scallion onion SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Abney, Kristin; Kopsell, Dean; Sams, Carl] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Robertson, Larry] USDA ARS, Gevena, NY USA. EM kabney1@utk.edu; dkopsell@utk.edu; carlsams@utk.edu; larry.robertson@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1200 EP 1201 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500501 ER PT J AU Wang, C Wang, S Yin, JJ AF Wang, Chien Wang, Shiow Yin, Junjie TI Reducing decay and enhancing free radical scavenging capacity in blueberries by eugenol, thymol, and menthol SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wang, Chien; Wang, Shiow] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yin, Junjie] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. EM chienyi.wang@ars.usda.gov; Shiow.Wang@ars.usda.gov; junjie.yin@fda.hhs.gov RI Yin, Jun Jie /E-5619-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1202 EP 1202 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500505 ER PT J AU Petri, C Webb, K Dardick, C Scorza, R AF Petri, Cesar Webb, Kevin Dardick, Chris Scorza, Ralph TI High efficiency plum (Prunus domestica L.) transformation: A functional Genomics tool for rosaceae SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Petri, Cesar; Webb, Kevin; Dardick, Chris; Scorza, Ralph] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Cesar.Petri@ARS.USDA.GOV; Kevin.Webb@ARS.USDA.GOV; Chris.Dardick@ARS.USDA.GOV; ralph.scorza@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1203 EP 1203 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500510 ER PT J AU Volk, G Richards, C Bohning, M Sinnott, Q AF Volk, Gayle Richards, Christopher Bohning, Mark Sinnott, Quinn TI Expansion of the USDA-ARS germplasm resources information network (GRIN) database to accommodate molecular data SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Volk, Gayle; Richards, Christopher] USDA ARS, NCGRP, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bohning, Mark; Sinnott, Quinn] USDA ARS NGRL DBMU, Beltsville, MD USA. EM gvolk@lamar.colostate.edu; crichard@lamar.colostate.edu; mbohning@ars-grin.gov; qsinnott@ars-grin.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1205 EP 1206 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500518 ER PT J AU Dea, S Brecht, JK Nunes, MCN Baldwin, EA AF Dea, Sharon Brecht, Jeffrey K. Nunes, Maria Cecilia N. Baldwin, Elizabeth A. TI Quality of fresh-cut 'Kent' mango slices prepared from hot-water- or nonhot-water-treated fruit SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Dea, Sharon; Brecht, Jeffrey K.; Nunes, Maria Cecilia N.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Winter Haven, FL USA. EM shdea@ufl.edu; jkbrecht@ufl.edu; nunes@ufl.edu; Liz.Baldwin@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Brecht, Jeffrey/B-2375-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1210 EP 1210 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500534 ER PT J AU Saftner, R Janisiewicz, W Conway, W AF Saftner, Robert Janisiewicz, Wojciech Conway, William TI Physiological and pathological evaluations of the apple germplasm from Kazakhstan SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Saftner, Robert; Conway, William] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Janisiewicz, Wojciech] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM robert.saftner@ars.usda.gov; wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov; william.conway@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1210 EP 1210 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500532 ER PT J AU Perkins-Veazie, P Collins, J Manthey, J AF Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Collins, Julie Manthey, John TI Mango variation in vitamin degrees C and beta carotene with cultivar and country of origin SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK USA. [Collins, Julie] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Wilburton, OK USA. [Manthey, John] USDA ARS, Winter Haven, FL USA. EM pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org; jcollins@eosc.edu; John.Manthey@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1211 EP 1211 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500535 ER PT J AU Mattheis, J Felicetti, E Zhu, YM Mattheis, J AF Mattheis, James Felicetti, Erin Zhu, Yanmin Mattheis, James TI Ascorbic acid profiles in 'Delicious' and 'Honeycrisp' apples during on-tree development and cold storage SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Mattheis, James; Zhu, Yanmin; Mattheis, James] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Felicetti, Erin] Washington State Univ, Wenatchee, WA USA. EM james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov; erin.beneski@ars.usda.gov; yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov; james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1212 EP 1212 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500539 ER PT J AU Fery, RL AF Fery, Richard L. TI 'ZipperCream-CG' and 'WhiteAcre-DG ': Two new cream-type southernpea cultivars with persistent green seed phenotypes SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Fery, Richard L.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC USA. EM Richard.Fery@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1218 EP 1218 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500559 ER PT J AU Stommel, J Griesbach, R AF Stommel, John Griesbach, Robert TI New Capsicum cultivars: 'Lil'pumpkin', 'pepper jack', 'midnight creeper', and 'solar eclipse' SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Stommel, John] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Griesbach, Robert] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD USA. EM john.stommel@ars.usda.gov; robert.griesbach@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1218 EP 1219 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500562 ER PT J AU Whitaker, B Gapper, N AF Whitaker, Bruce Gapper, Nigel TI Stigmasterol increase during tomato fruit ripening is associated with increased sterol C-22 desaturase (CYP710A7) gene expression SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Whitaker, Bruce] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gapper, Nigel] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY USA. EM Bruce.Whitaker@ars.usda.gov; neg29@cornell.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1218 EP 1218 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500560 ER PT J AU Farnham, MW AF Farnham, Mark W. TI Glossy and nonglossy near-isogenic lines of broccoli derived from dihaploids SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Farnham, Mark W.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. EM Farnham@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1219 EP 1219 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500564 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, V Cantrell, CL Evans, W Ebelhar, MW Coker, C AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho Cantrell, Charles L. Evans, William Ebelhar, M. Wayne Coker, Christine TI Productivity, essential oil content and composition of sweet and holy basil grown in mississippi SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho] Mississippi State Univ, N Mississippi Res & Ext Ctr, Verona, MS USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, USDA, University, MS USA. [Evans, William] Mississippi State Univ, Crystal Springs, MS USA. EM vj40@pss.msstate.edu; clcantr1@olemiss.edu; wbe@ra.msstate.edu; webelhar@drec.msstate.edu; ccoker@ra.msstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1225 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500583 ER PT J AU Shrefler, J Roberts, W Taylor, M Webber, C Perkins-Veazie, P AF Shrefler, James Roberts, Warren Taylor, Merritt Webber, Charles Perkins-Veazie, Penelope TI A fresh-market production system for the US southern plains using short- and intermediate-daylength onion cultivars SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Shrefler, James; Roberts, Warren; Taylor, Merritt] Oklahoma State Univ, Lane, OK USA. [Webber, Charles; Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS SCARL, Lane, OK USA. EM jim.shrefler@okstate.edu; wroberts@lane-ag.org; mtaylor-okstate@lane-ag.org; cwebber-usda@lane-ag.org; pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1227 EP 1227 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500589 ER PT J AU Deyton, D Sams, C Takeda, F Cummins, J AF Deyton, Dennis Sams, Carl Takeda, Fumiomi Cummins, John TI Evaluation of cultivars and plug establishment for greenhouse strawberry production SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Deyton, Dennis; Sams, Carl; Cummins, John] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Takeda, Fumiomi] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM deytond@utk.edu; carlsams@utk.edu; Fumi.Takeda@ars.usda.gov; reconn@utk.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1230 EP 1230 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500599 ER PT J AU Wang, S Chen, C Wang, C Chen, P AF Wang, Shiow Chen, Chitsun Wang, Chien Chen, Pei TI Factors affecting resveratrol content in strawberries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wang, Shiow; Chen, Chitsun; Wang, Chien; Chen, Pei] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Shiow.Wang@ars.usda.gov; chitsun.chen@ars.usda.gov; chienyi.wang@ars.usda.aov; pei.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1230 EP 1230 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500598 ER PT J AU Tarara, J Lee, J Spayd, S Scagel, C AF Tarara, Julie Lee, Jungmin Spayd, Sara Scagel, Carolyn TI Field temperature and anthocyanins in merlot grape berries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Tarara, Julie; Lee, Jungmin] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Spayd, Sara] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Scagel, Carolyn] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM jtarara@wsu.edu; jlee@uidaho.edu; sara_spayd@ncsu.edu; scagelc@onid.orst.edu RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1233 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500609 ER PT J AU Gordon, V Staub, J AF Gordon, Vanessa Staub, Jack TI Maternal effects supersede nuclear effects conditioning chilling response in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Gordon, Vanessa] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Staub, Jack] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM vsgordon@wisc.edu; Jack-Staub@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1237 EP 1237 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500622 ER PT J AU Harris, K Wechter, W Lanini, B Vivoda, E Levi, A AF Harris, Karen Wechter, William Lanini, Brenda Vivoda, Elisabetta Levi, Amnon TI In search of markers linked to fusarium wilt race 1 resistance in watermelon SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Harris, Karen; Wechter, William; Levi, Amnon] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Lanini, Brenda] Harris Moran Seed Co, El Macero, CA USA. [Vivoda, Elisabetta] Harris Moran Seed Co, Davis, CA USA. EM Harris@ars.usda.gov; Wechter@ars.usda.gov; B.Lanini@harrismoran.com; vivoda@dcn.davis.ca.us; Amnon.Levi@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1238 EP 1238 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500626 ER PT J AU Makus, D Zibilske, L AF Makus, Donald Zibilske, Larry TI Effect of greens and soil type, sulfur addition, and lithium level on leaf mineral constituents SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Makus, Donald; Zibilske, Larry] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. EM Donald.Makus@ars.usda.gov; Larry.Zibilske@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1243 EP 1243 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500644 ER PT J AU King, S Davis, A Perkins-Veazie, P Helms, A Stein, L AF King, Stephen Davis, Angela Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Helms, Amy Stein, Larry TI Effects of mineral nutrition on carotenoid content in spinach SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [King, Stephen] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Davis, Angela] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK USA. [Stein, Larry] Texas AgriLife Extens, Uvalde, TX USA. EM srking@tamu.edu; adavis-usda@lane-ag.org; pperkins-usda@lane-ag.org; ahelms-usda@lane-ag.org; larrystein@tamu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1246 EP 1246 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500653 ER PT J AU Walters, T Pinkerton, JN Par, M AF Walters, Thomas Pinkerton, John N. Par, Michael TI Methyl bromide alternatives for raspberry nurseries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Walters, Thomas; Par, Michael] Washington State Univ, Mt Vernon, WA USA. [Pinkerton, John N.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM twwalters@wsu.edu; Jack.Pinkerton@ARS.USDA.GOV; mparticka@wsu.edu RI Walters, Thomas/G-1348-2010 OI Walters, Thomas/0000-0002-2938-8542 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1252 EP 1252 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500672 ER PT J AU Bausher, M AF Bausher, Michael TI Study of quality and growth characteristics of tomato variety camelia grafted onto commercial rootstocks SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bausher, Michael] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM michael.bausher@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1257 EP 1257 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500688 ER PT J AU Scagel, C Regan, R Hummel, R Bi, GH AF Scagel, Carolyn Regan, Richard Hummel, Rita Bi, Guihong TI Cold hardiness of green ash nursery trees is influenced by nitrogen fertilizer type and rate SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Scagel, Carolyn] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Regan, Richard] Oregon State Univ, Aurora, CO USA. [Hummel, Rita] Washington State Univ, Puyallup, WA USA. [Bi, Guihong] Mississippi State Univ, Crystal Springs, MS USA. EM scagelc@onid.orst.edu; rich.regan@oregonstate.edu; hummelrl@puyallup.wsu.edu; gb250@msstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1264 EP 1264 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500714 ER PT J AU Blythe, E Albano, J Merhaut, D Newman, J AF Blythe, Eugene Albano, Joseph Merhaut, Donald Newman, Julie TI Leachate micronutrient concentrations from greenhouse-grown 'Phoenicia' azaleas when using four different types of controlled-release fertilizers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Blythe, Eugene] Mississippi State Univ, Poplarville, MS USA. [Albano, Joseph] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Merhaut, Donald] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Newman, Julie] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Ventura, CA USA. EM Blythe@pss.msstate.edu; donald.merhaut@ucr.edu; jpnewman@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1265 EP 1265 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500717 ER PT J AU Merhaut, D Albano, J Blythe, E Newman, J AF Merhaut, Donald Albano, Joseph Blythe, Eugene Newman, Julie TI Leachate micronutrient concentrations from containerized waxleaf privet when using four different types of controlled-release fertilizers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Merhaut, Donald] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Albano, Joseph] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Blythe, Eugene] Mississippi State Univ, Poplarville, MS USA. [Newman, Julie] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Ventura, CA USA. EM donald.merhaut@ucr.edu; jalbano@ushrl.usda.ars.gov; Blythe@pss.msstate.edu; jpnewman@ucdavis.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1265 EP 1265 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500716 ER PT J AU Morris, B Knauft, D AF Morris, Brad Knauft, David TI Special-purpose legume species curated at the USDA, ARS, plant genetic resources conservation unit for use as new ornamentals and potentially new phytopharmaceuticals SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Morris, Brad] ARS, USDA, Griffin, GA USA. [Knauft, David] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM Brad.Morris@ars.usda.gov; dknauft@uga.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1266 EP 1267 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500723 ER PT J AU Sakhanokho, HF Kelley, RY AF Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. Kelley, Rowena Y. TI Colchicine- and oryzalin-induced polyploidy in Hedychium muluense R.M. Smith SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. [Kelley, Rowena Y.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM hamidou.sakhanokho@ars.usda.gov; RKelley@BCH.msstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1267 EP 1267 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500725 ER PT J AU Chaparro, J Beckman, T AF Chaparro, Jose Beckman, Thomas TI Detection of vegetative bud dormancy QTL in peach SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Chaparro, Jose] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Beckman, Thomas] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM jchaparro@ifas.ufl.edu; Tom.Beckman@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1269 EP 1269 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500733 ER PT J AU Bassil, N Postman, J AF Bassil, Nahla Postman, Joseph TI Toward establishing universal fingerprints for pear germplasm collections SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Bassil, Nahla] USDA NCGR ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. [Postman, Joseph] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM nahla.bassil@ars.usda.gov; joseph.postman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1271 EP 1271 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500739 ER PT J AU Fazio, G Robinson, T AF Fazio, Gennaro Robinson, Terence TI Modification of nursery tree architecture by apple rootstocks SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Fazio, Gennaro] USDA ARS, Geneva, NY USA. [Robinson, Terence] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM gennaro.fazio@ars.usda.gov; tlr1@cornell.edu NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1271 EP 1271 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500741 ER PT J AU Njuguna, W Bassil, N AF Njuguna, Wambui Bassil, Nahla TI Microsatellite fingerprinting set for 80 strawberry cultivars SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Njuguna, Wambui] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bassil, Nahla] USDA NCGR ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM njugunaw@onid.orst.edu; nahla.bassil@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1272 EP 1273 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500745 ER PT J AU Wada, S Reed, B AF Wada, Sugae Reed, Barbara TI Germination requirements vary in wild Rubus species SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wada, Sugae] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Reed, Barbara] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM wadas@hort.oregonstate.edu; Barbara.Reed@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1272 EP 1272 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500743 ER PT J AU Do, T Carey, T Rajasekaran, K Ratnayaka, H AF Do, Tommy Carey, Tarnala Rajasekaran, Kanniah Ratnayaka, Harish TI Physiological, growth, and leaf surface characteristics toward understanding drought tolerance in big chili and jalapeno pepper SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Do, Tommy; Carey, Tarnala; Ratnayaka, Harish] Xavier Univ, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Rajasekaran, Kanniah] USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. EM tdo3@xula.edu; tcarey@xula.edu; krajah@srrc.ars.usda.gov; hratnaya@xula.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1275 EP 1276 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500755 ER PT J AU Mishra, S Heckathorn, S Frantz, J Yu, F Gray, J AF Mishra, Sasmita Heckathorn, Scott Frantz, Jonathan Yu, Futong Gray, John TI Modest increases in growth light level protect photosynthesis and plant growth during boron stress in geraniums SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Mishra, Sasmita; Heckathorn, Scott; Yu, Futong; Gray, John] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH USA. EM smishra@UTNet.UToledo.Edu; sheckat@UTNet.UToledo.Edu; jonathan.frantz@ars.usda.gov; fyu@UTNet.UToledo.Edu; john.gray5@utoledo.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1278 EP 1278 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500763 ER PT J AU Olivas, GI Mattinson, S Perez, J Molina, J Fellman, J Mattheis, J AF Olivas, G. Isela Mattinson, Scott Perez, Judith Molina, Javier Fellman, John Mattheis, James TI Quality characteristics of red and golden delicious apples during maturation: A comparison between Mexican and Pacific northwest (USA) apples SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Olivas, G. Isela; Perez, Judith; Molina, Javier] Ctr Invest Alimentaci & Desarrollo, AC, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico. [Mattinson, Scott; Fellman, John] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mattheis, James] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM golivas@ciad.mx; dmatt@mail.wsu.edu; jyo15l6@hotmail.com; javiermolina@ciad.mx; fellman@wsu.edu; mattheis@tfrl.ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1280 EP 1280 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500769 ER PT J AU Million, J Yeager, T Ritchie, J Larsen, C Albano, J AF Million, Jeff Yeager, Tom Ritchie, Joe Larsen, Claudia Albano, Joseph TI Modeling tool for evaluating crop production practices in container nurseries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Million, Jeff; Yeager, Tom; Ritchie, Joe; Larsen, Claudia] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Albano, Joseph] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM jmillion@ufl.edu; yeagert@ufl.edu; ritchie@msu.edu; calarsen@ufl.edu; joseph.albano@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1281 EP 1281 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500772 ER PT J AU Jenderek, MM Ellis, D Skogerboe, D AF Jenderek, Maria M. Ellis, David Skogerboe, Dianne TI Improvement of Cryopreservation technique for long-term storage of shoot tips of Ipomoea batatas SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Jenderek, Maria M.] ARS, USDA, NCGRP, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Ellis, David; Skogerboe, Dianne] Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM maria.jenderek@ars.usda.gov; david.ellis@ars.usda.gov; dianne.skogerboe@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1286 EP 1286 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500789 ER PT J AU Zhou, SP Thannhauser, T AF Zhou, Suping Thannhauser, Theodore TI Changes in proteome of tomato root under aluminum stress SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Zhou, Suping] Tennessee State Univ, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Thannhauser, Theodore] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM zsuping@tnstate.edu; Thannhauser@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1289 EP 1289 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500798 ER PT J AU Marshall, D Spiers, JM AF Marshall, Donna Spiers, James M. TI Southern Highbush establishment cultural studies on sandy loam soils SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Marshall, Donna; Spiers, James M.] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. EM Donna.Marshall@ars.usda.gov; James.Spiers@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1292 EP 1292 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500810 ER PT J AU Wood, B AF Wood, Bruce TI Increasing foliar Zn : Ni or Cu : Ni concentration ratios increases severity of nickel deficiency symptoms SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Wood, Bruce] ARS, USDA, Byron, GA USA. EM bruce.wood@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1294 EP 1294 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500816 ER PT J AU MacLean, D Jiang, CZ Mitcham, E AF MacLean, Dan Jiang, Cai-Zhong Mitcham, Elizabeth TI Changes in flavonoid gene expression in relation to superficial scald SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [MacLean, Dan] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] USDA ARS, Davis, CA USA. [Mitcham, Elizabeth] UC Davis, Davis, CA USA. EM dmaclean@uga.edu; cjiang@ucdavis.edu; ejmitcham@ucdavis.edu RI MacLean, Dan/E-7138-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1297 EP 1297 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500828 ER PT J AU Mattheis, J Felicetti, D Rudell, D AF Mattheis, James Felicetti, David Rudell, David TI Metabolic profiles of 'Anjou' pears stored in low oxygen atmospheres SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Mattheis, James; Felicetti, David] ARS, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Rudell, David] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. EM james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov; david.felicetti@ars.usda.gov; rudell@tfrl.ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1299 EP 1299 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500835 ER PT J AU Rudell, D Mattheis, J AF Rudell, David Mattheis, Jim TI Post-storage 'Granny Smith' metabolome and superficial scald severity is altered by postharvest ultraviolet/white light irradiation SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 21-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Horticultural Sci C1 [Rudell, David; Mattheis, Jim] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. EM david.rudell@ars.usda.gov; james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 4 BP 1300 EP 1300 PG 1 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 323AN UT WOS:000257416500836 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Mekwatanakarn, W Wang, CY AF Delwiche, Stephen R. Mekwatanakarn, Weena Wang, Chien Y. TI Soluble solids and simple sugars measurement in intact mango using near infrared spectroscopy SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Magnifera indica; mango; near-infrared; NIR interactance; soluble solids; nondestructive ID MANGIFERA-INDICA L; NIR-SPECTROSCOPY; INTERNAL QUALITY; MANDARIN FRUIT; ORGANIC-ACIDS; DRY-MATTER; BRIX VALUE; FIRMNESS; CALIBRATION; PREDICTION AB A rapid, reliable, and nondestructive method for quality evaluation of mango (Magnifera indica) fruit is important to the mango industry for international trade. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to predict soluble solids content (SSC) and individual and combined concentrations of sucrose, glucose, and fructose nondestructively in mango. Mature mangoes at two different temperatures (15 degrees C and 20 degrees C) were measured by NIR interactance (750-1088 nm wavelength region analyzed) over an 11-day period, starting when the fruit were underripe and extending to a few days past optimal ripeness. Partial least squares regression was used to develop models for SSC, individual sugar concentration, and the sum of the concentrations of the three sugars. Such analyses yielded calibration equations with R-2 = 0.77 to 0.88 (SSC), 0.75 (sucrose), 0.67 (glucose), 0.70 (fructose), and 0.82 (sum); standard error of calibration = 0.56 to 0.90 (SSC), 10.0 (sucrose), 0.9 (glucose), 4.5 (fructose), and 10.4 (sum); and standard error of cross-validation = 0.93 to 1.10 (SSC), 15.6 (sucrose), 1.4 (glucose), 6.9 (fructose), and 16.8 (sum). When the SSC calibration was applied to a separate validation set, the standard error of performance ranged from 0.94% to 1.72%. These results suggest that for assessment of mango ripeness, NIR SSC calibrations are superior to the NIR calibrations for any of the individual sugars. This nondestructive technology can be used in the screening and grading of mangoes and in quality evaluation at wholesale and retail levels. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mekwatanakarn, Weena] Ubon Ratchathani Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand. [Wang, Chien Y.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Prod Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Stephen.Delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 3 BP 410 EP 416 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 315JY UT WOS:000256876000016 ER PT J AU Boyer, CR Fain, GB Gilliam, CH Gallagher, TV Torbert, HA Sibley, JL AF Boyer, Cheryl R. Fain, Glenn B. Gilliam, Charles H. Gallagher, Thomas V. Torbert, H. Allen Sibley, Jeff L. TI Clean chip residual: A substrate component for growing annuals SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE peat moss; pine bark; alternative media; ageratum; salvia; impatiens; forest by-products; forestry; wood fiber AB A study was conducted at Auburn University in Auburn, A-L, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Horticultural Laboratory in Poplarville, MS, to evaluate clean chip residual (CCR) as an alternative substrate component for annual bedding plant production. Clean chip residual used in this study was processed through a horizontal grinder with 4-inch screens at the site and was then processed again through a swinging hammer mill to pass a 3/4- or 1/2-inch screen. Two CCR particle sizes were used alone or blended with 10% (9:1) or 20% (4:1) peatmoss (PM) (by volume) and were compared with control treatments, pine bark (PB), and PB blends (10% and 20% PM). Three annual species, 'Blue Hawaii' ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum), 'Vista Purple' salvia (Salvia xsuperba), and 'Coral' or 'White' impatiens (Impatiens walleriana), were transplanted from 36-cell (12.0-inch(3)) flats into 1-gal containers, placed on elevated benches in a greenhouse, and hand watered as needed. Ageratum plants grown at Auburn had leaf chlorophyll content similar or greater than that of plants grown in PB. There were no differences in salvia; however, impatiens plants grown in PB substrates at Auburn had less leaf chlorophyll content than those grown in CCR. There were no differences in ageratum, salvia, or impatiens leaf chlorophyll content at Poplarville. There were no differences in growth indices (GI) or shoot dry weight (SDW) of ageratum, while the largest salvia was in PB:PM and the largest impatiens were in PB-based substrates at Auburn. The GI of ageratum at Poplarville was similar among treatments, but plants grown in 4:1 1/2-inch CCR:PM were the largest. Salvia was largest in 4:1 CCR:PM and PB:PM, and although there were no differences in GI for impatiens at Poplarville, the greatest SDW occurred with PB:PM. Foliar nutrient content analysis indicated elevated levels of manganese and zinc in treatments containing CCR at Auburn and PB at Poplarville. At the study termination, two of three annual species tested at both locations had very similar growth when compared with standard PB substrates. This study demonstrates that CCR is a viable alternative substrate in greenhouse production of ageratum, salvia, and impatiens in large containers. C1 [Boyer, Cheryl R.; Fain, Glenn B.; Gilliam, Charles H.; Sibley, Jeff L.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Fain, Glenn B.] ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Gallagher, Thomas V.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Torbert, H. Allen] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Boyer, CR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM BOYERCR@auburn.edu NR 14 TC 16 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 3 BP 423 EP 432 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 315JY UT WOS:000256876000018 ER PT J AU Glenn, DM Newell, MJ AF Glenn, D. Michael Newell, Michael J. TI Long-term effects of sod competition on peach yield SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit; grass; Kentucky-31 tall fescue; Festuca arundinaceae; vegetation-free area; tree vigor; irrigation; Prunus persica ID GRASS COMPETITION; TREES; PROXIMITY; GROWTH AB Excessive vegetative growth in peach (Prunus persica) causes canopy shading that reduces fruit bud initiation in the canopy interior and increases pruning costs and time. Sod competition can reduce pruning but may also reduce yield. The objective of the present study was to measure the effects of increased sod competition [2- vs. 8-ft-wide vegetation-free areas (VFA)] on yield and quality of irrigated peach. Total pruning weight was reduced by sod competition in the first 4 of 7 cropping years. Subsequent years indicated no effect on vegetative growth due to sod competition. Annual increase in trunk cross-sectional area was reduced by sod competition in the first year of cropping and unaffected in subsequent years. Canopy development was reduced by sod competition in the first 2 years of cropping, which increased photosynthetically active radiation transmission through the canopy and increased fruit red color in the first year. The width of the VFA did not alter the relationship between total fruit number and total yield in any year; however, the total number of fruit per tree was reduced in all years and total yield was reduced in 6 of 7 years. Results suggest that dormant season pruning was removing a higher percentage of the crop bearing wood from the 2-ft VFA compared with the 8-ft VFA treatment, resulting in reduced yield per unit of dormant pruning. This indicates that pruning practices must be modified to leave more bearing wood in mature trees to maintain yield potential when sod competition is used to control vegetative growth. C1 [Glenn, D. Michael] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Newell, Michael J.] Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Queenstown, MD 21658 USA. RP Glenn, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 18 IS 3 BP 445 EP 448 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 315JY UT WOS:000256876000021 ER PT J AU Ruder, EH Hartman, TJ Blumberg, J Goldman, MB AF Ruder, Elizabeth H. Hartman, Terryl J. Blumberg, Jeffrey Goldman, Marlene B. TI Oxidative stress and antioxidants: exposure and impact on female fertility SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION UPDATE LA English DT Review DE antioxidants; female infertility; oxidative stress ID POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; MODERATE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; IN-VITRO MATURATION; PREOVULATORY FOLLICULAR-FLUID; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; THECA-INTERSTITIAL CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; OXYGEN-FREE-RADICALS; RAT LUTEAL CELLS; BODY-MASS INDEX AB BACKGROUND: Reproductive failure is a significant public health concern. Although relatively little is known about factors affecting fertility and early pregnancy loss, a growing body of literature suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors play an important role. There is sufficient evidence to hypothesize that diet, particularly its constituent antioxidants, and oxidative stress (OS) may influence the timing and maintenance of a viable pregnancy. We hypothesize that conditions leading to OS in the female affect time-to-pregnancy and early pregnancy loss. METHODS: We review the epidemiology of female infertility related to antioxidant defenses and oxidation and examine potential sources of OS from the ovarian germ cell through the stages of human pregnancy and pregnancy complications related to infertility. Articles were identified through a search of the PubMed database. RESULTS: Female OS is a likely mediator of conception and threshold levels for OS exist, dependent on anatomic location and stage of preconception. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective pregnancy studies with dietary assessment and collection of biological samples prior to conception with endpoints of time-to-pregnancy and early pregnancy loss are needed. C1 [Ruder, Elizabeth H.; Hartman, Terryl J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Blumberg, Jeffrey] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Blumberg, Jeffrey] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Goldman, Marlene B.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [Goldman, Marlene B.] Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. RP Ruder, EH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM enh115@psu.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD049762, R01HD049762, R01 HD049762-03] NR 161 TC 78 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1355-4786 EI 1460-2369 J9 HUM REPROD UPDATE JI Hum. Reprod. Update PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 14 IS 4 BP 345 EP 357 DI 10.1093/humupd/dmn011 PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 313SP UT WOS:000256760600005 PM 18535004 ER PT J AU Pyzoha, JE Callahan, TJ Sun, G Trettin, CC Miwa, M AF Pyzoha, Jennifer E. Callahan, Timothy J. Sun, Ge Trettin, Carl C. Miwa, Masato TI A conceptual hydrologic model for a forested Carolina bay depressional wetland on the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, USA SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Carolina bay; depressional wetland; surface water-groundwater interaction ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FLATWOODS LANDSCAPE; PINE FLATWOODS; PATTERNS; GEORGIA; FLORIDA; DUNES AB This paper describes how climate influences the hydrology of an ephemeral depressional wetland. Surface water and groundwater elevation data were collected for 7 years in a Coastal Plain watershed in South Carolina USA containing depressional wetlands, known as Carolina bays. Rainfall and temperature data were compared with water-table well and piezometer data in and around one wetland. Using these data a conceptual model was created that describes the hydrology of the system under wet, dry, and drought conditions. The data suggest this wetland operates as a focal point for groundwater recharge under most climate conditions. During years of below-normal to normal rainfall the hydraulic gradient indicated the potential for groundwater recharge from the depression, whereas during years of above-normal rainfall, the hydraulic gradient between the adjacent upland, the wetland margin, and the wetland centre showed the potential for groundwater discharge into the wetland. Using high-resolution water-level measurements, this groundwater discharge condition was found to hold true even during individual rainfall events, especially under wet antecedent soil conditions. The dynamic nature of the hydrology in this Carolina bay clearly indicates it is not an isolated system as previously believed, and our groundwater data expand upon previous hydrologic investigations at similar sites which do not account for the role of groundwater in estimating the water budget of such systems. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Callahan, Timothy J.] Coll Charleston, Dept Geog & Environm Geosci, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Pyzoha, Jennifer E.] Coll Charleston, Environm Studies Program, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Global Change Program, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Trettin, Carl C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Miwa, Masato] Int Paper, Bainbridge, GA 39819 USA. RP Callahan, TJ (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Dept Geog & Environm Geosci, 66 George St, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. EM callahant@cofc.edu NR 45 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 22 IS 14 BP 2689 EP 2698 DI 10.1002/hyp.6866 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 330PD UT WOS:000257954400025 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Evans, RG Iversen, WM AF Kim, Yunseop (James) Evans, Robert G. Iversen, William M. TI Remote sensing and control of an irrigation system using a distributed wireless sensor network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE automation; control systems; measurement; portable radio communication; sensors; water resources ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VARIABILITY AB Efficient water management is a major concern in many cropping systems in semiarid and and areas. Distributed in-field sensor-based irrigation systems offer a potential solution to support site-specific irrigation management that allows producers to maximize their productivity while saving water. This paper describes details of the design and instrumentation of variable rate irrigation, a wireless sensor network, and software for real-time in-field sensing and control of a site-specific precision linear-move irrigation system. Field conditions were site-specifically monitored by six in-field sensor stations distributed across the field based on a soil property map, and periodically sampled and wirelessly transmitted to a base station. An irrigation machine was converted to be electronically controlled by a programming logic controller that updates georeferenced location of sprinklers from a differential Global Positioning System (GPS) and wirelessly communicates with a computer at the base station. Communication signals from the sensor network and irrigation controller to the base station were successfully interfaced using low-cost Bluetooth wireless radio communication. Graphic user interface-based software developed in this paper offered stable remote access to field conditions and real-time control and monitoring of the variable-rate irrigation controller. C1 [Kim, Yunseop (James); Evans, Robert G.; Iversen, William M.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM jkim@sidney.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 136 Z9 161 U1 5 U2 35 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 57 IS 7 BP 1379 EP 1387 DI 10.1109/TIM.2008.917198 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 311EZ UT WOS:000256584800014 ER PT J AU Ando, A Uenishi, H Kawata, H Tanaka-Matsuda, M Shigenari, A Flori, L Chardon, P Lunney, JK Kulski, JK Inoko, H AF Ando, Asako Uenishi, Hirohide Kawata, Hisako Tanaka-Matsuda, Maiko Shigenari, Atsuko Flori, Laurence Chardon, Patrick Lunney, Joan K. Kulski, Jerzy K. Inoko, Hidetoshi TI Microsatellite diversity and crossover regions within homozygous and heterozygous SLA haplotypes of different pig breeds SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE swine major histocompatibility antigen; microsatellite marker; polymorphism; homozygote; crossover ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; CLASS-I GENES; RECOMBINATION HOTSPOT; RAPID ASSIGNMENT; GENOMIC SEQUENCE; MHC; MARKERS; NOMENCLATURE; POLYMORPHISM; SELECTION AB Our aim was to investigate microsatellite (MS) diversity and find crossover regions at 42 polymorphic MS loci in the swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genomic region of 72 pigs with different well-defined homozygous and heterozygous SLA haplotypes. We analyzed the genetic polymorphisms of 42 MS markers in 23 SLA homozygous-heterozygous, common pig breeds with 12 SLA serological haplotypes and 49 National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Clawn homozygous-heterozygous miniature pigs with nine SLA serological or genotyped haplotypes including four recombinant haplotypes. In comparing the same and different haplotypes, both haplospecific patterns and allelic variations were observed at the MS loci. Some of the shared haplotype blocks extended over 2 Mb suggesting the existence of strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the entire SLA region. Crossover regions were easily defined by the MS markers within the class I and/or III region in the NIH and Clawn recombinant haplotypes. The present haplotype comparison shows that our set of MS markers provides a fast and cost-efficient alternative, or complementary, method to the serological or sequence-based determination of the SLA alleles for the characterization of SLA haplotypes and/or the crossover regions between different haplotypes. C1 [Ando, Asako; Shigenari, Atsuko; Kulski, Jerzy K.; Inoko, Hidetoshi] Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Div Basic Med Sci & Mol Med, Dept Mol Life Sci, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 2591193, Japan. [Uenishi, Hirohide] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Div Anim Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Uenishi, Hirohide; Tanaka-Matsuda, Maiko] Anim Genome Res Program NIAS STAFF, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050854, Japan. [Kawata, Hisako] Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Teaching & Res Support Ctr, Isehara, Kanagawa 2591193, Japan. [Tanaka-Matsuda, Maiko] STAFF Inst, Res Div 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050854, Japan. [Flori, Laurence; Chardon, Patrick] INRA, Lab Mixte Radiobiol & Etude Genome, CEA DSV, IRCM, F-78352 Jouy En Josas, France. [Lunney, Joan K.] USDA ARS, ANRI, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kulski, Jerzy K.] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Forens Sci, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. RP Inoko, H (reprint author), Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Div Basic Med Sci & Mol Med, Dept Mol Life Sci, 143 Shimokasuya, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 2591193, Japan. EM hinoko@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp RI Flori, Laurence/H-3683-2013; OI kulski, jerzy/0000-0002-9789-245X NR 31 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD JUL PY 2008 VL 60 IS 7 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.1007/s00251-008-0289-z PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 322KA UT WOS:000257372600005 PM 18560828 ER PT J AU Garabagi, F French, BW Schaafsma, AW Pauls, KP AF Garabagi, Freydoun French, B. Wade Schaafsma, Arthur W. Pauls, K. Peter TI Increased expression of a cGMP-dependent protein kinase in rotation-adapted western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera L.) SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE real-time PCR; PKG; foraging gene; ovipositioning; Diabrotica virgifera; variant ID EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS; CHRYSOMELIDAE POPULATIONS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; FORAGING GENE; COLEOPTERA; DROSOPHILA; BEHAVIOR; PHENOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB A new 'variant' behavior in western corn rootworm (WCR) has resulted in egg-laying into non-cornfields, compared to 'normal' deposition of eggs in cornfields, allowing these insects to circumvent crop rotation. No morphological or genetic characteristics have been defined to differentiate between the normal and variant biotypes. Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) have been implicated in the regulation of behaviors in vertebrates, insects, and nematodes, including foraging behavior in Drosophila. A cDNA with homology to the Drosophila melanogaster foraging gene (called Dvfor1) was cloned from WCR. The deduced DvFOR1 protein is approximately 70% similar to FOR proteins in Drosophila, silkworm (Bombyx mori) and honeybee (Apis mellifera). It contains a coiled-coil region, two tandem cyclic nucleotide-binding domains, a serine/threonine kinase catalytic domain, and a serine/threonine kinase catalytic domain extension, which are all characteristically found in PKG proteins. Real-time PCR assays of foraging transcript levels in heads of normal and rotation adapted females of WCR obtained from lab-reared insect colonies indicated that the variants had higher levels (25%) of PKG expression than normals. The magnitude of this increase is similar to that observed in Drosophila rover phenotypes compared to sitter phenotypes. However, Diabrotica contains at least two different foraging gene transcripts, which complicates establishing a direct link between the level of gene expression and insect behavior. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schaafsma, Arthur W.; Pauls, K. Peter] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Garabagi, Freydoun] Univ Guelph, Dept Environm Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [French, B. Wade] USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Pauls, KP (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM ppauls@uoguelph.ca NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 38 IS 7 BP 697 EP 704 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.03.011 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 326EH UT WOS:000257640600002 PM 18549955 ER PT J AU Kunz, TH Gauthreaux, SA Hristov, NI Horn, JW Jones, G Kalko, EKV Larkin, RP McCracken, GF Swartz, SM Srygley, RB Dudley, R Westbrook, JK Wikelski, M AF Kunz, Thomas H. Gauthreaux, Sidney A., Jr. Hristov, Nickolay I. Horn, Jason W. Jones, Gareth Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Larkin, Ronald P. McCracken, Gary F. Swartz, Sharon M. Srygley, Robert B. Dudley, Robert Westbrook, John K. Wikelski, Martin TI Aeroecology: probing and modeling the aerosphere SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY JAN 02-06, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol ID WIND-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; BIRD MIGRATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NORTH-AMERICA; FRUIT BATS; RADAR; FLIGHT; CONSERVATION; INSECTS AB Aeroecology is a discipline that embraces and integrates the domains of atmospheric science, ecology, earth science, geography, computer science, computational biology, and engineering. The unifying concept that underlies this emerging discipline is its focus on the planetary boundary layer, or aerosphere, and the myriad of organisms that, in large part, depend upon this environment for their existence. The aerosphere influences both daily and seasonal movements of organisms, and its effects have both short- and long-term consequences for species that use this environment. The biotic interactions and physical conditions in the aerosphere represent important selection pressures that influence traits such as size and shape of organisms, which in turn facilitate both passive and active displacements. The aerosphere also influences the evolution of behavioral, sensory, metabolic, and respiratory functions of organisms in a myriad of ways. In contrast to organisms that depend strictly on terrestrial or aquatic existence, those that routinely use the aerosphere are almost immediately influenced by changing atmospheric conditions (e.g., winds, air density, precipitation, air temperature), sunlight, polarized light, moon light, and geomagnetic and gravitational forces. The aerosphere has direct and indirect effects on organisms, which often are more strongly influenced than those that spend significant amounts of time on land or in water. Future advances in aeroecology will be made when research conducted by biologists is more fully integrated across temporal and spatial scales in concert with advances made by atmospheric scientists and mathematical modelers. Ultimately, understanding how organisms such as arthropods, birds, and bats aloft are influenced by a dynamic aerosphere will be of importance for assessing, and maintaining ecosystem health, human health, and biodiversity. C1 [Kunz, Thomas H.; Hristov, Nickolay I.; Horn, Jason W.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gauthreaux, Sidney A., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Jones, Gareth] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Dept Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Larkin, Ronald P.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [McCracken, Gary F.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hristov, Nickolay I.; Swartz, Sharon M.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Srygley, Robert B.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Dudley, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Westbrook, John K.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wikelski, Martin] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Kunz, TH (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kunz@bu.edu RI Swartz, Sharon/B-9309-2011; OI Swartz, Sharon/0000-0001-5762-7435; McCracken, Gary/0000-0002-2493-8103 NR 98 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1093/icb/icn037 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 325GS UT WOS:000257577700001 PM 21669768 ER PT J AU Westbrook, JK AF Westbrook, John K. TI Noctuid migration in Texas within the nocturnal aeroecological boundary layer SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY JAN 02-06, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; UNITED-STATES; RADAR; POLLEN; FLIGHT; RANGE; MOTHS AB Long-distance migration of adult corn earworm moths ( Helicoverpa zea), and several other noctuid moth species, facilitates seasonal expansion of pest populations and consequent increased infestations of agricultural crops on a continental scale in North America. Long-term field studies of population dynamics and migratory flights of H. zea and fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda) in the United States were evaluated using X-band radar observations and profiles of atmospheric conditions. These studies identified characteristic patterns of migratory flight that are largely associated with vertical profiles of temperature and wind speed. Collective patterns of moth migrations were generally highly correlated with wind headings, but often at a significant angular deviation. Preliminary analyses are presented between moth distributions in the aerosphere estimated from discrete moth counts using X-band radar and bulk reflectivity data from NEXRAD Doppler radar. Identification of associations between atmospheric factors and noctuid population dynamics and migratory flights will improve the ability to predict infestations by pest species throughout their broad seasonal range expansion. C1 USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Westbrook, JK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM John.Westbrook@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1093/icb/icn040 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 325GS UT WOS:000257577700009 PM 21669776 ER PT J AU McCracken, GF Gillam, EH Westbrook, JK Lee, YF Jensen, ML Balsley, BB AF McCracken, Gary F. Gillam, Erin H. Westbrook, John K. Lee, Ya-Fu Jensen, Michael L. Balsley, Ben B. TI Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis : Molossidae, Chiroptera) at high altitude: links to migratory insect populations SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY JAN 02-06, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; LASIURUS-CINEREUS; DIETARY VARIATION; UNITED-STATES; ECHOLOCATION; NOCTUIDAE; HABITAT; TEXAS; FLIGHTS; DESIGN AB Existing information on the activity of bats in the aerosphere is restricted almost exclusively to altitudes that are within a few tens of meters above the ground. We report a total of 50.2 h of ultrasonic recordings made using radio microphonic bat detectors suspended from free-floating helium balloons and from kites. The data include a total of 22 353 echolocative calls from ground-level to 1118m above ground level (AGL). These calls are attributed to Brazilian free-tailed bats based on acoustic features and the large numbers and high-altitude aerial dispersion of these bats over the local landscape. Bat activity varied significantly throughout the air column and was greatest at 400-500m AGL and near ground level. Feeding buzzes, indicating feeding on aerial prey, were most abundant near ground level and at 400-500m, and were detected to altitudes of similar to 900m AGL. The peak activity of bats at 400-500m AGL is concordant with the altitude of the atmospheric boundary layer and the seasonal formation of the low-elevation southerly wind jet that has been identified as a major aeroecological corridor for the nocturnal dispersal of noctuid moths and other insects. C1 [McCracken, Gary F.; Gillam, Erin H.; Lee, Ya-Fu] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Westbrook, John K.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Jensen, Michael L.; Balsley, Ben B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP McCracken, GF (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM gmccrack@utk.edu OI McCracken, Gary/0000-0002-2493-8103 NR 44 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1093/icb/icn033 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 325GS UT WOS:000257577700010 PM 21669777 ER PT J AU Srygley, RB Dudley, R AF Srygley, Robert B. Dudley, Robert TI Optimal strategies for insects migrating in the flight boundary layer: mechanisms and consequences SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY JAN 02-06, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol ID WIND DRIFT COMPENSATION; NATURAL FREE-FLIGHT; MONARCH BUTTERFLIES; DANAUS-PLEXIPPUS; NEOTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES; POLARIZATION VISION; BIRD MIGRATION; SUN COMPASS; LEPIDOPTERA; HONEYBEES AB Directed aerial displacement requires that a volant organism's airspeed exceeds ambient wind speed. For biologically relevant altitudes, wind speed increases exponentially with increased height above the ground. Thus, dispersal of most insects is influenced by atmospheric conditions. However, insects that fly close to the Earth's surface displace within the flight boundary layer where insect airspeeds are relatively high. Over the past 17 years, we have studied boundary-layer insects by following individuals as they migrate across the Caribbean Sea and the Panama Canal. Although most migrants evade either drought or cold, nymphalid and pierid butterflies migrate across Panama near the onset of the rainy season. Dragonflies of the genus Pantala migrate in October concurrently with frontal weather systems. Migrating the furthest and thereby being the most difficult to study, the diurnal moth Urania fulgens migrates between Central and South America. Migratory butterflies and dragonflies are capable of directed movement towards a preferred compass direction in variable winds, whereas the moths drift with winds over water. Butterflies orient using both global and local cues. Consistent with optimal migration theory, butterflies and dragonflies adjust their flight speeds in ways that maximize migratory distance traveled per unit fuel, whereas the moths do not. Moreover, only butterflies adjust their flight speed in relation to endogenous fat reserves. It is likely that these insects use optic flow to gauge their speed and drift, and thus must migrate where sufficient detail in the Earth's surface is visible to them. The abilities of butterflies and dragonflies to adjust their airspeed over water indicate sophisticated control and guidance systems pertaining to migration. C1 [Srygley, Robert B.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Srygley, Robert B.; Dudley, Robert] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Dudley, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Srygley, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM robert.srygley@ars.usda.gov NR 81 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 119 EP 133 DI 10.1093/icb/icn011 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 325GS UT WOS:000257577700011 PM 21669778 ER PT J AU Pugh, ND Tamta, H Balachandran, P Wu, XM Howell, J Dayan, FE Pasco, DS AF Pugh, Nirmal D. Tamta, Hemlata Balachandran, Premalatha Wu, Xiangmei Howell, J'Lynn Dayan, Franck E. Pasco, David S. TI The majority of in vitro macrophage activation exhibited by extracts of some immune enhancing botanicals is due to bacterial lipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Echinacea; ginseng; macrophage activation; lipoprotein; lipopolysaccharide; melanin ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; POLYSACCHARIDE FRACTIONS; ENDOGENOUS LIGANDS; HERBAL MELANIN; TNF-ALPHA; IMMUNOMODULATION; ECHINACEA; RELEASE; CULTURE; ROOTS AB We have identified potent monocyte/macrophage activating bacterial. lipoproteins within commonly used immune enhancing botanicals such as Echinacea, American ginseng and alfalfa sprouts. These bacterial. lipoproteins, along with lipopolysaccharides, were substantially more potent than other bacterially derived components when tested in in vitro monocyte/macrophage activation systems. In experiments using RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophages the majority (85-98%) of the activity within extracts from eight immune enhancing botanicals was eradicated by treatment with agents (lipoprotein lipase and polymyxin B) known to target these two bacterial components. Alfalfa sprouts exhibited the highest activity of those botanicals tested but the appearance of this activity during the germination of surface sterilized seeds was abolished by the presence of antibiotics. These studies indicate that the majority of the in vitro macrophage activating properties in extracts from these botanicals can be attributed to the presence of lipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides derived from bacteria and that bacterial. endophytes may be a significant source of these components. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pugh, Nirmal D.; Tamta, Hemlata; Balachandran, Premalatha; Wu, Xiangmei; Pasco, David S.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Pasco, David S.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Pharmacognosy, University, MS 38677 USA. [Howell, J'Lynn; Dayan, Franck E.] Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Pasco, DS (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Res Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dpasco@olemiss.edu RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 FU NCCIH NIH HHS [R01 AT002360, R01 AT002360-03] NR 28 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-5769 J9 INT IMMUNOPHARMACOL JI Int. Immunopharmacol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1023 EP 1032 DI 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.03.007 PG 10 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 312ZI UT WOS:000256710500010 PM 18486914 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Sundar, N Hill, D Velmurugan, GV Bandini, LA Kwok, OCH Majumdar, D Su, C AF Dubey, J. P. Sundar, N. Hill, D. Velmurugan, G. V. Bandini, L. A. Kwok, O. C. H. Majumdar, D. Su, C. TI High prevalence and abundant atypical genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from lambs destined for human consumption in the USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondi; lambs; Ovis aris; genotype; bioassay; PCR-RFLP; USA ID FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; UNITED-STATES; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS; SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; SOUTH-AMERICA; RISK-FACTORS; SAO-PAULO; INFECTION AB Little information is available on the presence of viable Toxoplasma gondii in tissues of lambs worldwide. The prevalence of T. gondii was determined in 383 lambs (<1 year old) from Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia, USA. Hearts of 383 lambs were obtained from a slaughter house on the day of killing. Blood removed from each heart was tested for antibodies to T. gondii by using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Sera were first screened using 1:25, 1:50, 1: 100 and 1:200 dilutions, and hearts were selected for bioassay for T. gondii. Antibodies (MAT, 1:25 or higher) to T. gondii were found in 104 (27.1%) of 383 lambs. Hearts of 68 seropositive lambs were used for isolation of viable T. gondii by bioassay in cats, mice or both. For bioassays in cats, the entire myocardium or 500 g was chopped and fed to cats, one cat per heart and faeces of the recipient cats were examined for shedding of T. gondii oocysts. For bioassays in mice, 50 g of the myocardium was digested in an acid pepsin solution and the digest inoculated into mice; the recipient mice were examined for T. gondii infection. In total, 53 isolates of T. gondii were obtained from 68 seropositive lambs. Genotyping of the 53 T. gondii isolates using 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico) revealed 57 strains with 15 genotypes. Four lambs had infections with two T. gondii genotypes. Twenty-six (45.6%) strains belong to the clonal Type II lineage (these strains can be further divided into two groups based on alleles at locus Apico). Eight (.15.7%) strains belong to the Type III lineage. The remaining 22 strains were divided into 11 atypical genotypes. These results indicate high parasite prevalence and high genetic diversity of T. gondii in lambs, which has important implications in public health. We believe this is the first in-depth genetic analysis of T. gondii isolates from sheep in the USA. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Sundar, N.; Hill, D.; Velmurugan, G. V.; Bandini, L. A.; Kwok, O. C. H.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Majumdar, D.; Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 44 TC 108 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 38 IS 8-9 BP 999 EP 1006 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.11.012 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 317EA UT WOS:000257001300012 PM 18191859 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MC Higgins, J Abrahante, JE Kniel, KE O'Brien, C Trout, J Lancto, CA Abrahamsen, MS Fayer, R AF Jenkins, M. C. Higgins, J. Abrahante, J. E. Kniel, K. E. O'Brien, C. Trout, J. Lancto, C. A. Abrahamsen, M. S. Fayer, R. TI Fecundity of Cryptosporidium parvum is correlated with intracellular levels of the viral symbiont CPV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium parvum; oocysts; fecundity; viral symbiont; virus ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EIMERIA-NECATRIX VIRUS; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; PARTICLES; LEISHMANIA; SEQUENCE; OOCYSTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Differences in the virulence and fecundity of Cryptosporidium parvum isolates have been observed by several researchers studying cryptosporidiosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there was a correlation between intracellular levels of the viral symbiont CPV in C parvum and fecundity of two isolates of the parasite, namely C. parvum Beltsville (B) and C parvum Iowa (I). Dairy calves infected with 106 C. parvum-B excreted 5-fold more oocysts compared with calves infected with the same number of C. parvum-I oocysts. The increased fecundity of the former strain was corroborated by semi-quantitative PCR assay of DNA isolated from cell cultures infected with either C parvum-B or C. parvum-I. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis of viral RNA revealed a 3-fold greater number of CPV in C. parvum-B compared with C parvum-I oocysts. These findings may indicate a role for CPV in fecundity and possibly virulence of C. parvum. (c) 2007 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jenkins, M. C.; O'Brien, C.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Higgins, J.; Trout, J.; Fayer, R.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Abrahante, J. E.; Lancto, C. A.; Abrahamsen, M. S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kniel, K. E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Jenkins, MC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 38 IS 8-9 BP 1051 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.11.005 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 317EA UT WOS:000257001300017 PM 18096164 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Velmurugan, GV Ulrich, V Gill, J Carstensen, M Sundar, N Kwok, OCH Thulliez, P Majumdar, D Su, C AF Dubey, J. P. Velmurugan, G. V. Ulrich, V. Gill, J. Carstensen, M. Sundar, N. Kwok, O. C. H. Thulliez, P. Majumdar, D. Su, C. TI Transplacental toxoplasmosis in naturally-infected white-tailed deer: Isolation and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii from foetuses of different gestational ages SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transplacental; Toxoplasma gondii; white-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus; USA; genotype ID FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; UNITED-STATES; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; SOUTH-AMERICA; PREVALENCE; OOCYSTS; MICE; REDESCRIPTION; TRANSMISSION AB Clinical toxoplasmosis is most severe in congenitally-infected hosts. In humans, transmission of Toxoplasma gondii from the mother to the foetus is considered to be most efficient during the last trimester of pregnancy but clinical congenital toxoplasmosis is more severe if transmission occurs during the first trimester. However, there are no data on the rate of congenital transmission of T. gondii with respect to gestational age in any host during natural infection. In the present study, attempts were made to isolate T. gondii by bioassay in mice inoculated with tissues from foetuses of 88 naturally-exposed white-tailed deer from Iowa and Minnesota. Viable T. gondii was isolated from foetuses of six of 61 deer in early pregnancy (45-85 days of gestation) from Iowa and foetuses of nine of 27 deer from Minnesota in mid-gestation (130-150 days) of a gestational period of 7 months. The 15 T. gondii isolates obtained from foetal deer were PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyped using polymorphisms at 10 nuclear markers including SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and an apicoplast marker, Apico. Five genotypes were revealed, including the clonal Type II and III lineages, and three non-clonal genotypes. DNA sequencing analysis of representative isolates at loci SAG2, c22-8, L358 and PK1 revealed that the three non-clonal genotypes are closely related to the clonal Type I, II and III lineages. It is very likely that these non-clonal genotypes were derived from genetic crosses among the three clonal Type I, II and III lineages. The most common genotype was Type II, commonly found in humans in North America and Europe, suggesting the possible link of transmission from game animals to humans. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Velmurugan, G. V.; Sundar, N.; Kwok, O. C. H.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ulrich, V.] Univ Iowa, Hygein Lab, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Gill, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Carstensen, M.] Minnesotta Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA. [Thulliez, P.] Inst Puericulture, Lab Toxoplasmose, F-75014 Paris, France. [Majumdar, D.; Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 39 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 38 IS 8-9 BP 1057 EP 1063 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.11.010 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 317EA UT WOS:000257001300018 PM 18187136 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Tan, W Liow, PS Ksander, GG Whitehand, LC Weaver, S Olson, J Newhouser, M AF Spencer, David F. Tan, Wailun Liow, Pui-Sze Ksander, Greg G. Whitehand, Linda C. Weaver, Sharon Olson, Jesse Newhouser, Mark TI Evaluation of Glyphosate for Managing Giant Reed (Arundo donax) SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate efficacy; clonal growth; SPAD AB Giant reed is an invasive plant of riparian habitats throughout California and the United States. Glyphosate is approved for controlling giant reed in California. Sources indicate that 1.5% to 5% glyphosate solutions are effective at controlling giant reed. There is little published data on the relative efficacy of different concentrations of glyphosate which can be used to select an appropriate application regime for California habitats. We conducted two field experiments to test the hypothesis that glyphosate concentrations of 1.5%, 3%, and 5% applied as foliar sprays were equally effective at killing giant reed plants. Leaf chlorophyll content and the proportion of living stems declined significantly following treatment with 1.5% or greater solutions of glyphosate. New stems were observed the spring following treatment for plants treated with 1.5% glyphosate. No new stems were observed for plants treated with either 3% or 5% glyphosate. A treatment that included "bending and breaking" stems prior to treatment with 5% glyphosate provided control similar to 5% glyphosate alone. There was no there evidence that plants sprayed with only a mixture of the surfactant (Agridex), water, and a marking dye were affected beyond the short-term. These results indicate that 3% or 5% foliar applications with glyphosate were the most effective and consistent treatments for killing giant reed with a single late-season application. This result is especially important if the goal of the treatment program is to minimize the number of treatments, thus reducing labor costs and minimizing impacts on sensitive habitats by reducing the number of site visits. C1 [Olson, Jesse; Newhouser, Mark] Sonoma Ecol Ctr, Eldridge, CA 95431 USA. [Spencer, David F.; Liow, Pui-Sze; Ksander, Greg G.] USDA, ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tan, Wailun] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Whitehand, Linda C.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Weaver, Sharon] San Joaquin River Pkwy & Conservat Trust, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. RP Newhouser, M (reprint author), Sonoma Ecol Ctr, POB 1486, Eldridge, CA 95431 USA. EM dfspencer@ucdavis.edu FU CALFED/California Bay-Delta Authority Ecosystem Restoration Program FX We appreciate the comments of T. Lanini, J. Trumbo, C. Owens, and L. Nelson who read an earlier version of this manuscript. This research was supported in part by CALFED/California Bay-Delta Authority Ecosystem Restoration Program. Mention of a manufacturer does not constitute a warranty or guarantee of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture nor an endorsement over other products not mentioned. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 13 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 3 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-051.1 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25WC UT WOS:000208507100002 ER PT J AU Richardson, LA Juricek, CJ Lym, RG Kirby, DR Tober, DA AF Richardson, Laurie A. Juricek, Chelsea J. Lym, Rodney G. Kirby, Donald R. Tober, Dwight A. TI Integrated Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) Control Using Imazapic, Aphthona spp. Biological Control Agents, and Seeded Native Grasses SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological weed control; integrated pest management; invasive weed; interseeding; flea beetle AB Chemical, cultural, and biological methods have been developed to control leafy spurge in a variety of environments. Aphthona spp. biological control agents have established throughout the northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain region and successfully controlled leafy spurge in many areas, but notable exceptions include areas with sandy soils. Leafy spurge control can be improved by combining methods such as chemical, biological, or cultural treatments, compared to a single method used alone. The effects of Aphthona spp., imazapic herbicide, and interseeded native grass species alone or in combination for leafy spurge control were evaluated at two locations in southeastern North Dakota for 5 yr. Both the Sheyenne National Grassland (SNG) and Walcott, ND, study locations had greater than 80% sand soil. Leafy spurge stem density, canopy cover, and yield were reduced for 1 to 2 yr in all treatments that included imazapic, with no difference in control between single and combination treatments. Aphthona spp. and interseeded native grasses alone or combined did not reduce leafy spurge density or cover. Aphthona spp. population remained low throughout the study at both locations. Forb yield increased during the study at the SNG but not the Walcott location. Conversely, warm-season grass yield increased at Walcott but not at the SNG. Leafy spurge stem density declined from 92 to 50 stems/m(2) in 5 yr at the SNG site. The decline could not be attributed to specific treatments applied in this study and may be due to self-limitation or soil pathogens. C1 [Richardson, Laurie A.; Juricek, Chelsea J.; Lym, Rodney G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Richardson, Laurie A.] Theodore Roosevelt Natl Pk, Natl Pk Serv, Medora, ND 58645 USA. [Juricek, Chelsea J.] Kansas Dept Agr, Div Water Resources, Garden City, NY USA. [Kirby, Donald R.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Tober, Dwight A.] USDA, Natl Resource Conservat Serv, Bismarck, ND 58504 USA. RP Lym, RG (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Rod.Lym@ndsu.edu FU USDA-CSREES [2001-34361-10608, 2003-3461-13002] FX Research was funded in part by USDA-CSREES grants 2001-34361-10608 and 2003-3461-13002. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 3 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-060.1 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25WC UT WOS:000208507100003 ER PT J AU Vasquez, E Sheley, R Svejcar, T AF Vasquez, Edward Sheley, Roger Svejcar, Tony TI Nitrogen Enhances the Competitive Ability of Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) Relative to Native Grasses SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Invasive plants; plant available nitrogen; competition; interference; cheatgrass AB Invasion by cheatgrass and the associated high fire frequency can displace native plant communities from a perennial to an annual grass driven system. Our overall objective of this study was to determine the potential to favor desired native perennial bunchgrasses over annual grasses by altering plant available mineral nitrogen (N). In the first study, we grew cheatgrass and three native bunch grasses (native grasses were combined in equal proportions) in an addition series experimental design and applied one of three N treatments (0, 137, and 280 mg N/kg soil). Regression models were used to derive the effects of intra-and interspecific competition on individual plant yield of cheatgrass and the native bunch grasses (combined). In our second study, we compared the absolute growth rate of the four plant species grown in isolation in a randomized complete block design for 109 days under the same soil N treatments as the competition study. Predicted mean average weight of isolated individuals increased with increasing soil N concentrations for both cheatgrass and the three native perennials (P < 0.05). Biomass of cheatgrass and its competitive ability increased with increasing soil N concentrations (P < 0.0001) compared to the combined native bunchgrasses. However, the greatest resource partitioning occurred at the 137 mg N/kg soil N treatment compared to the 0 (control) and 280 mg N/kg soil treatments, suggesting there may be a level of N that minimizes competition. In the second study, the absolute growth of cheatgrass grown in isolation also increased with increasing N levels (P = 0.0297). Results and ecological implications of this study suggest that increasing soil N leads to greater competitive ability of cheatgrass, and that it may be possible to favor desired plant communities by modifying soil nutrient levels. C1 [Vasquez, Edward; Sheley, Roger; Svejcar, Tony] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Vasquez, E (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM ed.vasquez@oregonstate.edu NR 48 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 34 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 3 BP 287 EP 295 DI 10.1614/IPSM-08-062.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25WC UT WOS:000208507100006 ER PT J AU Vasquez, E Sheley, R Svejcar, T AF Vasquez, Edward Sheley, Roger Svejcar, Tony TI Creating Invasion Resistant Soils via Nitrogen Management SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Invasive plant species; competition; growth rate; succession; plant available nitrogen AB Invasion by annual grasses, such as cheatgrass, into the western U. S. sagebrush-steppe is a major concern of ecologists and resource managers. Maintaining or improving ecosystem health depends on our ability to protect or re-establish functioning, desired plant communities. In frequently disturbed ecosystems, nutrient status and the relative ability of species to acquire nutrients are important drivers of invasion, retrogression, and succession. Thus, these processes can potentially be modified to direct plant community dynamics toward a desired plant community. The overall objective of this review paper is to provide the ecological background of invasion by exotic plants and propose a concept to facilitate the use of soil nitrogen (N) management to achieve desired plant communities that resist invasion. Based on the literature, we propose a model that predicts the outcome of community dynamics based on N availability. The model predicts that at low N levels, native mid-and late-seral species are able to successfully out-compete early-seral and invasive annual species up to some optimal level. However, at some increased level of N, early-seral species and invasive annual grasses are able to grow and reproduce more successfully than native mid-and late-seral species. At the high end of N availability to plants, the community is most susceptible to invasion and ultimately, increased fire frequency. Soil N level can be managed by altering microbial communities, grazing, mowing, and using cover crops and bridge species during restoration. In these cases, management may be more sustainable since the underlying cause of invasion and succession is modified in the management process. C1 [Vasquez, Edward; Sheley, Roger; Svejcar, Tony] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Vasquez, E (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, 67826-A Highway 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM ed.vasquez@oregonstate.edu NR 134 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 19 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 3 BP 304 EP 314 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-059.1 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25WC UT WOS:000208507100008 ER PT J AU Bryson, CT Maddox, VL Carter, R AF Bryson, Charles T. Maddox, Victor L. Carter, Richard TI Spread of Cuban Club-Rush (Oxycaryum cubense) in the Southeastern United States SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aquatic; invasive; weed dispersal AB Cuban club-rush is an invasive aquatic weed that is spreading northward in the southeastern United States. It is reported for the first time from Mississippi and from significantly farther northward in Alabama than was previously known. Cuban club-rush dissemination and rapid population growth are attributed to two types of reproduction: corky floating achenes and asexual reproduction by fragmentation. An illustration of Cuban club-rush and photos of its habit and habitat are provided. C1 [Bryson, Charles T.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Maddox, Victor L.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Carter, Richard] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. RP Bryson, CT (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM charles.bryson@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 3 BP 326 EP 330 DI 10.1614/IPSM-08-083.1 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25WC UT WOS:000208507100011 ER PT J AU Delate, K DeWitt, J McKern, A Rosmann, D Karlen, DL Turnbull, R AF Delate, Kathleen DeWitt, Jerald McKern, Andrea Rosmann, Daniel Karlen, Douglas L. Turnbull, Robert TI Bean Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Response to Soybean Variety and Organic-Compliant Treatments in Iowa SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bean leaf beetle; Cerotoma trifurcata Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae; soybean; Glycine max (L.) Merrill; seed yield; seed composition; Seed staining AB In response to concerns from certified organic producers who were experiencing significant market losses due to seed staining of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], we evaluated alternative ways to manage bean leaf beetles [Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster)] (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a known vector for the seed-staining bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). From 2000 through 2006, organic-compliant treatments, including insecticidal and soil fertility products in use by organic farmers, were compared in on-farm and experiment-station trials. Two soybean varieties, Northrup-King 2412 (NK2412) and Pioneer Brand 9305 (P9305), also were evaluated for bean leaf beetle populations. Overall, the NK2412 variety hosted fewer beetles although there was not a significant yield effect. None of the organic-compliant treatments provided measurable control of bean leaf beetle populations, nor did they affect beneficial insect populations. Organic soybean yields ranged from 1.8 to 3.7 Mg ha(-1) across all years with no effect from treatments. Producers are encouraged to select soybean varieties based on insect pest response and to monitor bean leaf beetle populations to determine the effectiveness of this strategy in organic systems. C1 [Delate, Kathleen; McKern, Andrea; Rosmann, Daniel] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron & Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Karlen, Douglas L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [DeWitt, Jerald; Turnbull, Robert] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Delate, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron & Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kdelate@iastate.edu FU USDA-ARS; Leopold Center FX We would like to thank the USDA-ARS National Program on Sustainable Agriculture and the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture for their support. Appreciation is expressed to Bob Burcham, the Neely-Kinyon Farm Association, David Rosmann and Mark Rosmann for their help on production, data collection, and analytical aspects of this project. We also thank Heartland Organic Marketing Cooperative, Schillinger Seeds, Pioneer Hi-Bred, and NC+ Organics, McLaughlin Gormely King Corp, Minneapolis, MN, EcoSMART Technologies, Inc., Franklin, TN, Dow Agrosciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN, and TerraMax, Inc., Ham Lake, MINT. Appreciation is expressed to Charles Hurburgh and Glen Rippke of the ISU Grain Quality Lab for grain analysis. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI MT PLEASANT PA 3517 FLOWERING OAK WAY, MT PLEASANT, SC 29466 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 25 IS 3 BP 145 EP 163 DI 10.3954/1523-5475-25.3.145 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V10WY UT WOS:000207495300001 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Builes, VH Porch, TG Harmsen, EW AF Ramirez-Builes, Victor H. Porch, Timothy G. Harmsen, Eric W. TI Development of linear models for estimation of leaflet area in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA English DT Article DE canopy area; legume; leaf length; leaf width ID INDEX AB Plant leaf area Is an important physiological trait, and direct, non-destructive methods for estimating leaf area have been shown to be effective while allowing for repeated plant sampling. The objective of this study was to evaluate direct, non-destructive leaflet measurements as predictors of actual leaflet area (LA), to test previously developed models, and to develop genotype-specific linear models for leaflet area estimation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). For development of appropriate regression models for leaflet area estimation, four common bean genotypes were evaluated under greenhouse conditions: BAT 477, 'Morales', SER 16, and SER 21. The green house-derived models were evaluated under field conditions. Previously developed models were tested and found to overestimate or underestimate leaflet area. Leaflet measurements included maximum leaflet width (W) and maximum leaflet length (L) and L X W. The measurements with the highest values for the coefficient of determination (R(2)) were W or L X W for BAT 477, SER 16, and Morales (0.97, 0.95, and 0.95, respectively), and L X W for SER 21 (R(2) = 0.96). The linear models developed were shown to be effective and robust for predicting leaflet area under both greenhouse and field conditions during both vegetative and reproductive stages of plant development. C1 [Ramirez-Builes, Victor H.] Univ Santa Rosa, Santa Rosa, Colombia. [Porch, Timothy G.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Harmsen, Eric W.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Ramirez-Builes, VH (reprint author), Univ Santa Rosa, Santa Rosa, Colombia. FU USDA-TSTAR; NOAA-CREST FX This research was supported by the USDA-TSTAR Program (TSTAR-100) and NOAA-CREST. We would like to thank the following individuals for their contributions to this study: Dr. Steve. Beebe for providing the germplasm from CIAT (Colombia), and Abraham Montes arid Adolfo Quiles for their assistance with the field experiments. We would also like to thank Dr. Ricardo Goenaga (USDA TARS; Mayagdez, PR.), and Carlos Almod6var (UPR Agricultural Experiment Station, Juana Diaz, P.R.). NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 92 IS 3-4 BP 171 EP 182 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 438XF UT WOS:000265588700003 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DA Diaz, E Jenkins, DM Goenaga, R AF Jenkins, David A. Diaz, Edgardo Jenkins, Daniel M. Goenaga, Ricardo TI Solar sterilization of abscised fruit: A cultural practice to reduce infestations of Anastrepha obliqua around orchards SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA English DT Article DE mango; fruit flies ID AIR QUARANTINE TREATMENT; HOT-WATER IMMERSION; FLY DIPTERA; FLIES DIPTERA; TEPHRITIDAE; MANGOES; MORTALITY; GUAVAS AB Abscised mangoes, Mangifera indica, of several cultivars were stored under varying conditions: no sun (stored in a laboratory), shade (stored under the shade of a mango tree), full sun (stored in direct view of the sun), and covered with a black plastic bag and stored in direct view of the sun. The numbers of living Anastrepha obliqua larvae emerging from each treatment were compared and internal temperatures of the mangoes in the various storage regimes recorded. Mangoes stored in the laboratory almost always produced more larvae than mangoes stored under the other regimes, even though internal temperatures of mangoes stored in shade were not much higher than those of mangoes stored in the laboratory. Internal temperatures of mangoes stored under black plastic garbage bags in full sun consistently reached temperatures fatal to A. obliqua and other Tephritidae. Nonetheless, mortality was not consistently higher in these treatments than in the treatments stored in the shade. We suspect that cloudy weather reduced the internal temperatures of the mangoes to sufficiently tolerable levels for larval survival. Removing abscised mangoes from the shade of the tree may reduce infestations on the arid side of the island, where sunny days are more common. Our research suggests that removing abscised fruit from the shade of backyard trees, along with other strategies, may be useful in establishing a fruit fly-free zone. C1 [Jenkins, David A.; Goenaga, Ricardo] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Diaz, Edgardo] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Hort, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Jenkins, Daniel M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Jenkins, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Ave PA Campos,Ste 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM David.Jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 92 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 206 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 438XF UT WOS:000265588700005 ER PT J AU Cabrera-Asencio, I Ramirez, A Cruz, S Velez, AL Saez, L Segarra-Carmona, AE AF Cabrera-Asencio, Irma Ramirez, Aixa Cruz, Shirley Velez, Alberto L. Saez, Lourdes Segarra-Carmona, Alejandro E. TI HOLOPOTHRIPS TABEBUIA SP.N. CABRERA & SEGARRA (THYSANOPTERA: PHLAEOTHRIPIDAE) IN LOS ROBLES, TABEBUIA HETEROPHYLLA AND TABEBUIA AUREA IN PUERTO RICO SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA Spanish DT Article ID ANTHOCORIDAE; HEMIPTERA; RECORDS C1 [Velez, Alberto L.] Estac Expt Agr, Juana Diaz, PR USA. [Saez, Lourdes] APHIS PPQ, USDA, Washington, DC USA. EM irma@eea.uprm.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 92 IS 3-4 BP 225 EP 229 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 438XF UT WOS:000265588700008 ER PT J AU Bastidas, H Pantoja, A Lugo, MD Stansly, P AF Bastidas, Harold Pantoja, Alberto Lugo, Maria de Lourdes Stansly, Phil TI WEED HOSTS OF THE WHITEFLY IN TOMATO CROPS IN SOUTHERN PUERTO RICO SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA Spanish DT Article ID ALEYRODIDAE; HOMOPTERA C1 [Bastidas, Harold] Dept Protect Cultivos, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] UAF, ARS, USDA, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Lugo, Maria de Lourdes] Dept Protect Cultivos, Gurabo, PR USA. [Stansly, Phil] Univ Florida, Imookalee, FL USA. RP Bastidas, H (reprint author), Dept Protect Cultivos, Mayaguez, PR USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 92 IS 3-4 BP 231 EP 234 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 438XF UT WOS:000265588700009 ER PT J AU Pelaez, J Long, JA AF Pelaez, Jesus Long, Julie A. TI Characterizing the glycocalyx of poultry spermatozoa: II. In vitro storage of Turkey Semen and mobility phenotype affects the carbohydrate component of sperm membrane glycoconjugates SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE lectin; artificial insemination; glycoprotein; sperm physiology ID FOWL GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; SEMINAL PLASMA; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; FERTILITY; BINDING; SURFACE; ACID; HEN; EGG; IDENTIFICATION AB The turkey sperm glycocalyx is known to contain residues of sialic acid, alpha-mannose/alpha-glucose, alpha- and beta-galactose, alpha-fucose, alpha- and beta-N-acetyl-galactosamine, monomers and dimers of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and N-acetyl-lactosamine. Potential changes in these carbohydrates during in vitro semen storage at 4 degrees C were evaluated using males of both high- and low-sperm-mobility phenotypes. Changes in carbohydrate residues were quantified by flow cytometry analysis using a battery of 14 fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins in combination with control (sialylated) or neuraminidase-treated (nonsialylated) sperm. Sperm were evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours of storage. For control sperm, 4 different patterns of lectin binding were observed over time: 1) increased mean fluorescence intensity (MnFI) at 2 hours (Griffonia simplicifolia lectin-1 [GS-1]) and 8 hours (Ricinus communis lectin-1 [RCA-1]) that remained elevated during storage; 2) increased MnFI at specific time points (Limax flavus lectin [LFA], 2 hours; Artocarpus integrifolia lectin [jacalin) and succinyl Triticum vulgare lectin [sWGA], 8 hours; Galanthus nivalis lectin [GNA], 12 hours) followed by decreasing MnFI during the remainder of the 24-hour storage period; 3) increased MnFI only at the 24-hour time point (Lotus tetragonolobus lectin [lotus] and Arachis hypogaea lectin [PNA]); and 4) no changes in MnFI during the 24-hour storage period (Erythrina cristagalli lectin [ECA], GS-II, Pisum sativum lectin [PSA], Glycine max lectin [SBA], and Wisteria floribunda lectin [WFA)). For nonsialylated sperm, increased binding of ECA, GS-II, SBA, and WFA was observed at variable time points; only Canavalia ensiformis lectin (Con A) and PSA remained unchanged during storage. Differences between mobility phenotypes existed for lectins Con A, GS-II, LFA, PSA, SBA, and sWGA, with sperm from low-mobility males exhibiting higher MnFI than high-mobility males throughout 24 hours of storage. We concluded that the observed increases in lectin binding during semen storage indicate an augmentation of nonsialylated terminal residues, which could alter sperm antigenicity and negatively impact fertility. Further, spermatozoa from low-mobility males may have higher antigenicity even before semen storage. Other possible functional implications are discussed. C1 [Pelaez, Jesus; Long, Julie A.] USDA ARS, ANRI, ABBL, BARC E,Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Long, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, ANRI, ABBL, BARC E,Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Bldg 200,Room 120, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM julie.long@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 29 IS 4 BP 431 EP 439 DI 10.2164/jandrol.107.004259 PG 9 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 313KE UT WOS:000256738700008 PM 18359756 ER PT J AU Leytem, AB Thacker, PA AF Leytem, A. B. Thacker, P. A. TI Fecal Phosphorus Excretion and Characterization from Swine Fed Diets Containing a Variety of Cereal Grains SO Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances LA English DT Article DE Endogenous phytase; phytate degradation; swine; phosphorus; NMR ID PHYTIC-ACID; PHYTASE ACTIVITY; MICROBIAL PHYTASE; ANIMAL MANURES; GROWING PIGS; BARLEY; DIGESTIBILITY; TRACT; EXTRACTS; SORPTION AB Twenty crossbred barrows weighing 35.8 +/- 3.1 kg, were fed 1 of 5 diets (N = 4) to determine the effects of different cereal grains on fecal P excretion and composition. The diets contained 97.15% corn, wheat, high fat-low lignin oat, normal barley or low phytate barley with the cereal grain supplying the sole source of dietary phosphorus. The diets were fed for a 7 day acclimation period followed by a three-day fecal collection. Total tract digestibility coefficients were determined for dry matter, phosphorus and phytate using the indicator method. Fecal phosphor-us was characterized using solution state Phosphorus Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy ((31)P-NMR). Water Soluble Phosphorus (WSP) and the ratio of WSP to total phosphorus (WSP:TP) were determined in the feces. Digestibility coefficients for phosphorus and phytate ranged from 0.11 (corn) to 0.46 (wheat) and 0.94 (oat) to 1.00 (corn and low-phytate barley), respectively. There was very little phytate phosphorus excreted in the feces regardless of the type of cereal grain fed (< 6% of total phosphorus) and phytate degradation was not related to the level of endogenous phytase in the diet. There was a negative relationship between the fecal WSP:TP ratio and the concentration of phosphate monoesters in the feces. In summary, our results indicate that the majority of the phosphorus in the feces of pigs fed cereal grains is present in the form of inorganic phosphate and only trace amounts of phytate are excreted intact. The amount of phytate in the excreta was not related to the amount of phytate or endogenous phytase in the grain. Further research should be conducted with diets more typical of those used in commercial swine production to confirm these findings, as the high inorganic phosphate content and WSP:TP ratio in manure from swine could increase the potential for off-site phosphorus losses when swine feces are applied on agricultural lands. C1 [Leytem, A. B.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Thacker, P. A.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RP Leytem, AB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU MEDWELL ONLINE PI FAISALABAD PA ANSINET BUILDING, 308-LASANI TOWN, SARGODHA RD, FAISALABAD, 38090, PAKISTAN SN 1680-5593 J9 J ANIM VET ADV JI J. Anim. Vet. Adv. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 7 IS 2 BP 113 EP 120 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 395YU UT WOS:000262560200001 ER PT J AU Carnagey, KM Huff-Lonergan, EJ Lonergan, SM Trenkle, A Horst, RL Beitz, DC AF Carnagey, K. M. Huff-Lonergan, E. J. Lonergan, S. M. Trenkle, A. Horst, R. L. Beitz, D. C. TI Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 and dietary calcium to improve tenderness of beef from the round of beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; calcium; cow; 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3; tenderness ID BOVINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; POSTMORTEM AGING TIME; MU-CALPAIN; VITAMIN-D; SUPPLEMENTAL VITAMIN-D-3; ANIMAL AGE; STEERS; DEGRADATION; PROTEOLYSIS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY AB The objective of this trial was to determine how 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25-OH D-3) supplementation, altering supplemental dietary calcium, or their combination influence postmortem biochemical and tenderness changes in muscles from the round of mature cows. Twenty-seven Angus cows (3 to 7 yr old) were allotted randomly to 9 pens with 3 cows per pen. Treatments were arranged in a 3 x 3 factorial design with 3 dosages of 25- OH D-3 (0, 250, or 500 mg of 25-OH D3 administered as a 1-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter) and 3 percentages of supplemental limestone (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%) replenished in the diet for 3 d before slaughter and after a 2-wk limestone withdrawal. Plasma samples were obtained during the feeding period. Upon slaughter, adductor, gracilus, pectineus, sartorius, semimembranosus, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis muscles were obtained and aged for 1, 3, or 7 d. Calcium concentrations were increased in plasma when 250 or 500 mg of 25-OH D-3 were administered (P <= 0.05). Calcium concentrations in muscle increased (P <= 0.001) when 500 mg of 25-OH D-3 were administered. Concentrations of 25-OH D-3 in meat and in plasma and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 [1,25-(OH)(2) D-3] in plasma were increased when 25- OH D3 was administered (P <= 0.05). The percentage of limestone replenished in the diet had no effect on 25- OH D-3 or 1,25-(OH)(2) D-3 in meat or in plasma. Calpastatin activity was affected by treatments only in the gracilus and vastus intermedius muscles (P <= 0.05). Among all muscles and aging periods, calpastatin activity and intensity of troponin-T degradation product were related inversely. Results indicate that supplemental 25-OH D-3 has some influence on muscle characteristics known to improve tenderness, but improved tenderness was not observed. C1 [Carnagey, K. M.; Huff-Lonergan, E. J.; Trenkle, A.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Horst, R. L.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Beitz, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dcbeitz@iastate.edu RI Lonergan, Steven/O-6233-2016; Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/C-7557-2009 OI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5012-3277 NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1637 EP 1648 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0406 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 319DK UT WOS:000257144100017 PM 18344286 ER PT J AU Carnagey, KM Huff-Lonergan, EJ Trenkle, A Wertz-Lutz, AE Horst, RL Beitz, DC AF Carnagey, K. M. Huff-Lonergan, E. J. Trenkle, A. Wertz-Lutz, A. E. Horst, R. L. Beitz, D. C. TI Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) and vitamin E to improve tenderness of beef from the longissimus dorsi of heifers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3); tenderness; vitamin E ID POSTMORTEM BOVINE MUSCLE; SUPPLEMENTAL VITAMIN-D-3; STEERS; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; METABOLITES; PROTEOLYSIS; QUALITY; TRACER AB The objective of this trial was to determine whether a single bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)), vitamin E, or a combination of the 2 would improve the tenderness of steaks from the LM of beef heifers. Forty-eight Angus crossbred heifers were allotted randomly to 8 pens. Six heifers were in each pen, and there were 2 pens per treatment. The 4 treatments included control (no 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E); 25-OH D(3) (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter); vitamin E (1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter); or combination (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter and 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter). Blood samples were obtained on the day that heifers were allotted to treatments, on the day 25-OH D(3) was administered, and on the day before slaughter. Plasma calcium concentration was increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitaminE(P < 0.007). In LM, calcium concentration tended to increase (P = 0.10) when 25-OH D(3) was administered alone but not when 25-OH D(3) was administered with vitamin E. Concentrations of 25- OH D(3) and 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in plasma were increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.001). Steaks from heifers treated with 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E, but not both, tended to have lower Warner-Bratzler shear force than steaks in the control group at 14 d postmortem (P = 0.08). Postmortem protein degradation as measured by Western blot of the 30-kDa degradation product of troponin-T was increased with all treatments after 3 d postmortem (P <= 0.07), but not at 7 or 14 d postmortem. Unexpectedly, the use of 500 mg of 25- OH D3 fed as an oral bolus 7 d before slaughter or 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily for 104 d before slaughter alone, but not in combination, effectively decreased Warner-Bratzler shear force. C1 [Carnagey, K. M.; Huff-Lonergan, E. J.; Trenkle, A.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wertz-Lutz, A. E.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Horst, R. L.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Beitz, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM debeitz@iastate.edu RI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/C-7557-2009 OI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5012-3277 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 86 IS 7 BP 1649 EP 1657 DI 10.2527/jas.2007-0502 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 319DK UT WOS:000257144100018 PM 18344288 ER PT J AU Maragos, CM AF Maragos, Chris M. TI Extraction of aflatoxins B-1 and G(1) from maize by using aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfate SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; METHANOL AB Aflatoxins are potent carcinogens produced by certain Aspergillus fungi. The aflatoxins were first discovered in the 1960s, and since then have been found to be distributed worldwide in a variety of commodities, foods, and feeds. Many of the early techniques for detecting aflatoxins involved extraction with halogenated solvents. With the increased availability and use of reversed-phase solid-phase extraction cartridges and the availability of immunoaffinity columns, aqueous mixtures of nonhalogenated solvents have been frequently used. To further reduce the need for solvents, we examined the effects of eliminating solvents during the extraction of maize, using aqueous mixtures of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate. After extraction and filtration, aflatoxins B-1 (AFB(1)) and G(1) (AFG(1)) were isolated by using commercially available immunoaffinity columns. The isolated AFB(1) and AFG(1) were derivatized with trifluoroacetic acid before separation by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. In spiked maize, the limits of detection were 0.5 and 1 ng/g for AFB(1) and AFG(1), respectively. Recoveries of AFB(1) from maize spiked at 1-20 ng/g averaged 87.5% (range, 76.3-99.0%), with an average repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) of 4.0%. Recoveries of AFG(1) from maize spiked at 2-20 ng/g averaged 80.4% (range, 70.3-85.8%), with an average RSDr Of 3.5%. This is the first reported demonstration of an effective solvent-free extraction of aflatoxins from maize at ambient pressure, and this extraction procedure may serve to help reduce solvent consumption during aflatoxin analysis. C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Maragos, CM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 762 EP 767 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 335DG UT WOS:000258270400011 PM 18727535 ER PT J AU Wang, WY Dia, VP Vasconez, M de Mejia, EG Nelson, RL AF Wang, Wenyi Dia, Vermont P. Vasconez, Miguel de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez Nelson, Randall L. TI Analysis of soybean protein-derived peptides and the effect of cultivar, environmental conditions, and processing on lunasin concentration in soybean and soy products SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 121st AOAC International Annual Meeting CY SEP 16-20, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP AOAC ID ENZYME INHIBITORY PEPTIDES; GLYCINE-MAX; BETA-CONGLYCININ; BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; GENOTYPES; IDENTIFICATION; ACETYLATION; SEEDS; RATS AB Soybean, an important source of food proteins, has received increasing interest from the public because of its reported health benefits. These health benefits are attributed to its components, including isoflavones, saponins, proteins, and peptides. Lunasin, Bowman-Birk inhibitor, lectin, and beta-conglycinin are some of the biologically active peptides and proteins found in soybean. This article provides a comprehensive review on the recently used techniques in the analysis and characterization of food bioactive peptides, with emphasis on soybean peptides. The methods used to isolate and purify lunasin from defatted soybean flour were ion-exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel filtration chromatography. The identity of lunasin was established by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blot, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight, and liquid chromatography. The results on the effect of soybean cultivar and environmental factors on lunasin concentration are also reported. The highest lunasin concentration, 11.7 +/- 0.3 mg/g flour, was found in Loda soybean cultivar grown at 23 degrees C; the lowest concentration, 5.4 +/- 0.4 mg/g flour, was found in Imari soybean cultivar grown at 28 degrees C. Lunasin concentration was affected by cultivar-temperature, cultivar-soil moisture, and cultivar-temperature-soil moisture interactions. The variation on lunasin concentration suggests that its content can be improved by breeding, and by optimization of growing conditions. In summary, bioactive peptides can be accurately identified and quantified by using different techniques and conditions. In addition, lunasin concentration in soybean depends mainly on cultivar and to some extent on environmental factors, particularly temperature. Lunasin concentration in soy products was also affected by processing conditions. C1 [Wang, Wenyi; Dia, Vermont P.; Vasconez, Miguel; de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA,ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP de Mejia, EG (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 228 ERML,1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM edemejia@uiuc.edu NR 37 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 6 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 91 IS 4 BP 936 EP 946 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 335DG UT WOS:000258270400032 PM 18727556 ER PT J AU Onufrieva, KS Brewster, CC Thorpe, KW Sharov, AA Leonard, DS Reardon, RC Mastro, VC Sellers, P Roberts, EA AF Onufrieva(Tcheslavskaia), K. S. Brewster, C. C. Thorpe, K. W. Sharov, A. A. Leonard, D. S. Reardon, R. C. Mastro, V. C. Sellers, P. Roberts, E. A. TI Effects of the 3M (TM) MEC Sprayable Pheromone (R) formulation on gypsy moth mating success SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEX ATTRACTANT; PHEROMONE; LYMANTRIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; DISRUPTION; DISPARLURE AB The study was conducted during 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004 in forested areas in Virginia, USA to evaluate the 3M (TM) MEC-GM Sprayable Pheromone (R) formulation of the gypsy moth sex pheromone, disparlure, for its ability to disrupt mating in gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (Lep.: Lymantriidae). Both mating success of gypsy moth females and male moth catches in pheromone-baited traps were significantly reduced in plots treated with the 3M (TM) MEC-GM formulation at dosages ranging from 15 to 75 g of active ingredient/ha. However, the 3M (TM) MEC-GM formulation reduced trap catch to a lesser extent than did the currently registered Hercon Disrupt (R) II plastic flakes used as a positive control and applied at similar or lower dosages. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the 3M (TM) sprayable formulation declined through time, so that by the end of the male flight season, male moth catches in traps were significantly higher than in plots treated with Hercon plastic flakes. Based on the reported results, 3M (TM) MEC-GM Sprayable Pheromone (R) formulation was never integrated into the operational treatment projects of USDA Forest Service Cooperative Slow-the-Spread of the Gypsy Moth management programme. C1 [Onufrieva(Tcheslavskaia), K. S.; Brewster, C. C.; Roberts, E. A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Thorpe, K. W.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Sharov, A. A.] NIA, NIH, Pasadena, MD USA. [Leonard, D. S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Reardon, R. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. [Sellers, P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Harrisonburg, VA USA. RP Onufrieva, KS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, 202 Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ktchesla@vt.edu RI Onufrieva, Ksenia/A-4609-2008 OI Onufrieva, Ksenia/0000-0002-8424-850X NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 132 IS 6 BP 461 EP 468 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2007.01262.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 311RU UT WOS:000256618100005 ER PT J AU Brooks, N Cloutier, GJ Cadena, SM Layne, JE Nelsen, CA Freed, AM Roubenoff, R Castaneda-Sceppa, C AF Brooks, Naomi Cloutier, Gregory J. Cadena, Samuel M. Layne, Jennifer E. Nelsen, Carol A. Freed, Alicia M. Roubenoff, Ronenn Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen TI Resistance training and timed essential amino acids protect against the loss of muscle mass and strength during 28 days of bed rest and energy deficit SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2006 Annual Meeting CY APR 01-05, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr Sci, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut DE resistance exercise training; muscle strength; body composition; spaceflight; amino acid supplementation ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BODY-COMPOSITION; EXERCISE; SIZE; SUPPLEMENTATION; SPACEFLIGHT; HUMANS; SENSITIVITY AB Spaceflight and bed rest (BR) result in losses of muscle mass and strength. Resistance training (RT) and amino acid (AA) supplementation are potential countermeasures to minimize these losses. However, it is unknown if timing of supplementation with exercise can optimize benefits, particularly with energy deficit. We examined the effect of these countermeasures on body composition, strength, and insulin levels in 31 men (ages 31-55 yr) during BR (28 days) followed by active recovery (14 days). Subjects were randomly assigned to essential AA supplementation (AA group, n = 7); RT with AA given 3 h after training (RT group, n = 12); or RT with AA given 5 min before training (AART group, n = 12). Energy intake was reduced by 8 +/- 6%. Midthigh muscle area declined with BR for the AA > RT > AART groups: -11%, -3%, -4% (P = 0.05). Similarly, greatest losses in lower body muscle strength were seen in the AA group (-22%). These were attenuated in the exercising groups [ RT (-8%) and AART (-6%; P < 0.05)]. Fat mass and midthigh intramuscular fat increased after BR in the AA group (+3% and +14%, respectively), and decreased in the RT (-5% and -4%) and AART groups (-1 and -5%; P = 0.05). Muscle mass and strength returned toward baseline after recovery, but the AA group showed the lowest regains. Combined resistance training with AA supplementation pre- or postexercise attenuated the losses in muscle mass and strength by approximately two-thirds compared with AA supplement alone during BR and energy deficit. These data support the efficacy of combined AA and RT as a countermeasure against muscle wasting due to low gravity. C1 [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Brooks, Naomi; Cloutier, Gregory J.; Cadena, Samuel M.; Layne, Jennifer E.; Nelsen, Carol A.; Freed, Alicia M.; Roubenoff, Ronenn] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Roubenoff, Ronenn; Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Castaneda-Sceppa, C (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, 316E Robinson Hall, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-000054]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK062032] NR 37 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 105 IS 1 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01346.2007 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 327RJ UT WOS:000257745900033 PM 18483167 ER PT J AU Scott, RL Cable, WL Huxman, TE Nagler, PL Hernandez, M Goodrich, DC AF Scott, R. L. Cable, W. L. Huxman, T. E. Nagler, P. L. Hernandez, M. Goodrich, D. C. TI Multiyear riparian evapotranspiration and groundwater use for a semiarid watershed SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE eddy covariance; evapotranspiration; MODIS; remote sensing; riparian water use ID TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA STANDS; MODIS VEGETATION INDEXES; WOODY-PLANT ENCROACHMENT; EDDY-COVARIANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOIL-WATER; HEAT-FLUX; TEMPERATURE; ENERGY; TRANSPIRATION AB Riparian evapotranspiration (ET) is a major component of the surface and subsurface water balance for many semiarid watersheds. Measurement or model-based estimates of ET are often made on a local scale, but spatially distributed estimates are needed to determine ET over catchments. In this paper, we document the ET that was quantified over 3 years using eddy covariance for three riparian ecosystems along the Upper San Pedro River of southeastern Arizona, USA, and we use a water balance equation to determine annual groundwater use. Riparian evapotranspiration and groundwater use for the watershed were then determined by using a calibrated, empirical model that uses 16-day, 250-1000 m remotesensing products for the years of 2001-2005. The inputs for the model were derived entirely from the NASA MODIS sensor and consisted of the Enhanced Vegetation Index and land surface temperature. The scaling model was validated using subsets of the entire dataset (omitting different sites or years) and its capable performance for well-watered sites (MAD = 0.32 mm day(-1), R(2) = 0.93) gave us confidence in,using it to determine ET over the watershed. Three years of eddy covariance data for the riparian sites reveal that ET and groundwater use increased as woody plant density increased. Groundwater use was less variable at the woodland site, which had the greatest density of phreatophytes. Annual riparian groundwater use within the watershed was nearly constant over the study period despite an oil-going drought. For the San Pedro alone, the amounts determined in this paper are within the range of most recently reported values that were derived using an entirely different approach. However, because of our larger estimates for groundwater use for the main tributary of the San Pedro, the watershed totals were higher. The approach presented here call provide riparian ET and groundwater use amounts that reflect real natural variability in phreatophyte withdrawals and improve the accuracy of a watershed's water budget. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Scott, R. L.; Cable, W. L.; Hernandez, M.; Goodrich, D. C.] USDA ARS, SW Water Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Huxman, T. E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Nagler, P. L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Scott, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Water Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM russ.scott@ars.usda.gov RI Goodrich, David/B-1763-2009 OI Goodrich, David/0000-0001-7735-1448 NR 42 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1232 EP 1246 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.01.001 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317TU UT WOS:000257043800009 ER PT J AU Reich, RM Aguirre-Bravo, C Bravo, VA AF Reich, R. M. Aguirre-Bravo, C. Bravo, V. A. TI New approach for modeling climatic data with applications in modeling tree species distributions in the states of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE climate zones; cross-validation; error estimation variance; species distribution models; topical dry forests ID STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX; SOIL PROPERTIES; BLACK-HILLS; INTERPOLATION; FOREST; IMPACT AB Spatial models of monthly climatic data in the states of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico, are developed using a combination of satellite imagery, topographic data and climatic data from 256 weather stations. The models accounted for 45-85% of the variability in the monthly temperature, precipitation and evaporation. In spite of having highly skewed distributions, cross-validation showed the models to have nominal prediction bias. The monthly climatic models for temperature, precipitation and evaporation were used to define 12 climate zones. Comparing the climatic zones against observed patterns of vegetation showed that the model captured the general placement of arid, semi-arid, temperate and tropical dry forests. Distribution models for four tree species are derived based on climatic constraints controlling their abundance. Site conditions are spatially simulated using Geographic Information Systems and represent resource gradients (temperature, precipitation, evaporation) and indirect variables, which reflect soil properties (topographic data). The application of the climatic zones in modeling the spatial distribution of vegetation types, soil texture and other related properties, identifying habitats suitable for selected endangered and threatened species and land use planning are discussed. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reich, R. M.; Bravo, V. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Aguirre-Bravo, C.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Reich, RM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM robin@warnercnr.colostate.edu; caguirrebravo@fs.fed.us; vbravo@lamar.colostate.edu NR 56 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 7 BP 1343 EP 1357 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.02.004 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317TU UT WOS:000257043800018 ER PT J AU Biely, P Leathers, TD Cziszarova, M Vrsanska, M Cotta, MA AF Biely, Peter Leathers, Timothy D. Cziszarova, Maria Vrsanska, Maria Cotta, Michael A. TI Endo-beta-1,4-xylanase inhibitors in leaves and roots of germinated maize SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE germination; maize; xylan; xylanase inhibitor; Zea mays ID ENDOXYLANASE INHIBITORS; XYLANASE INHIBITOR; CEREALS; PROTEIN; WHEAT; HOMOLOGS; ENZYMES; ASSAY AB Extracts of both leaves and roots of germinated maize were found to contain endo-beta-1,4-xylanase inhibitors, previously reported only from whole maize meal. The inhibitors seem to be of the xylanase inhibitor protein (XIP) type, since they inhibit endoxylanases of families 10 and 11 and also show some other characteristics similar to XIP inhibitors described in other cereals. Inhibitors from leaves and roots appeared to be similar. A novel property of the inhibitors described in this work is their unusual thermostability. The half-life of inhibitors at pH 4.5 and 100 degrees C is greater than 10 h. However, the inhibitors are less thermostable at higher pH levels. Because they did not inhibit a plant endoxylanase, the inhibitors may play a role in maize defense against phytopathogens. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Biely, Peter; Cziszarova, Maria; Vrsanska, Maria] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Leathers, Timothy D.; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biely, P (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Bratislava, Slovakia. EM chempbsa@savba.sk OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.07.009 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 311KP UT WOS:000256599400004 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess CA Natl Osteoporosis Fdn Guide Comm TI Commentary: A revised clinician's guide to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Natl Osteoporosis Fdn Guide Comm] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Bess.Dawson-Hughes@Tufts.edu NR 5 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 93 IS 7 BP 2463 EP 2465 DI 10.1210/jc.2008-0926 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 324JA UT WOS:000257513700007 PM 18544615 ER PT J AU Wolpin, BM Wei, EK Ng, K Meyerhardt, JA Chan, JA Selhub, J Giovannucci, EL Fuchs, CS AF Wolpin, Brian M. Wei, Esther K. Ng, Kimmie Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. Chan, Jennifer A. Selhub, Jacob Giovannucci, Edward L. Fuchs, Charles S. TI Prediagnostic plasma folate and the risk of death in patients with colorectal cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; NESTED CASE-CONTROL; HOMOCYSTEINE; SUPPLEMENTS; PREVENTION AB Purpose Although previous studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between folate intake and colorectal cancer risk, a recent trial suggests that supplemental folic acid may accelerate tumorigenesis among patients with a history of colorectal adenoma. Therefore, high priority has been given to research investigating the influence of folate on cancer progression in patients with colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods To investigate whether prediagnostic levels of plasma folate are associated with colorectal cancer-specific and overall mortality, we performed a prospective, nested observational study within two large US cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. We measured folate levels among 301 participants who developed colorectal cancer 2 or more years after their plasma was collected and compared participants using Cox proportional hazards models by quintile of plasma folate. Results Higher levels of plasma folate were not associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer specific or overall mortality. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of plasma folate, those in the highest quintile experienced a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for colorectal cancer-specific mortality of 0.42 (95% CI, 0.20 0.88) and overall mortality of 0.46 ( 95% CI, 0.24 0.88). When the analysis was limited to participants whose plasma was collected within 5 years of cancer diagnosis, no detrimental effect of high plasma folate was noted. In subgroup analyses, no subgroup demonstrated worse survival among participants with higher plasma folate levels. Conclusion In two large prospective cohorts, higher prediagnostic levels of plasma folate were not associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer-specific or overall mortality. C1 Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Nutr, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Wolpin, BM (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM bwolpin@partners.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA108341, CA118553, CA87969, T32 CA009001, R01 CA118553, R03 CA108341, CA09001, P01 CA087969, T32 CA009172] NR 23 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 26 IS 19 BP 3222 EP 3228 DI 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.1943 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 323AM UT WOS:000257416400019 PM 18591557 ER PT J AU Kuhn, MT Hutchison, JL Norman, HD AF Kuhn, M. T. Hutchison, J. L. Norman, H. D. TI Modeling nuisance variables for prediction of service sire fertility SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bull fertility; conception rate; prediction ID AFFECTING CONCEPTION RATE; NONRETURN RATES; HOLSTEIN COWS; 1ST SERVICE; AI; CLIMATE; DAIRY; BULLS AB The purpose of this research was to determine which (available) nuisance variables should be included in a model for phenotypic evaluation of US service sire conception rate (CR), based on field data. Alternative models were compared by splitting data into records for estimation and set-aside records, computing predictions using the estimation data, and then comparing predictions to bulls' average CR in the set-aside data. Breedings for estimation were from January 1, 2003, to June 30, 2005, and set-aside records spanned July 1, 2005, to June 30, 2006. Only matings with known outcomes were included in either data set. Correlations and mean differences were the main statistics used to compare models. Nuisance variables considered were management groups based on herd-year-season-parity-registry (HYSPR) classes, year-state-month, cow age, DIM, and various combinations of lactation, service number, and milk yield. Preliminary analyses led to 1) selection of standardized lactational milk yield as the production variable for consideration and 2) modeling quantitative independent variables as categorical factors rather than linear and quadratic covariates. Two general strategies for management groups were tested, one where HYSPR groups were required to have an absolute specified minimum number of records and a second where groups were combined across registry, season, and parity subclasses until a minimum group size was achieved. Combining groups to a target size of 20 and including a herd-year into the evaluation provided it had a minimum of 10 breedings maximized correlation with future year CR and was chosen as the management grouping strategy for implementation. Combining groups implied that some groups had multiple seasons as well as parities, which was the reason for consideration of year-state-month and lactation as additional factors. The final nuisance variables selected for inclusion in the model for prediction of service sire CR were, in addition to HYSPR, year-state-month, lactation, service number, milk yield, cow age at breeding, an interval between breedings variable to account for lower CR following short estrus cycles, and the cow effect, partitioned as permanent environment and breeding value. This model maximized correlation with future year CR (55.14%), minimized mean square error (3.255), and had a mean difference of essentially 0. C1 [Kuhn, M. T.; Hutchison, J. L.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kuhn, MT (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Melvin.Kuhn@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 91 IS 7 BP 2823 EP 2835 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0946 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 315OS UT WOS:000256889900033 PM 18565940 ER PT J AU Powell, RL Sanders, AH Norman, HD AF Powell, R. L. Sanders, A. H. Norman, H. D. TI Investigation of country bias in international genetic evaluations using full-brother information SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetic evaluation; International Bull Evaluation Service; genetic correlation ID TRAITS AB International Bull Evaluation Service evaluations from May 2005 were examined for country bias by comparing Holstein full-brother families. Countries with >= 25 bulls in multicountry full-brother families were included. The model fit evaluations of US estimated breeding values (EBV) by absorbing full-brother family and producing solutions for country of brothers. For yield and somatic cell score, 24,611 and 22,802 bulls, respectively, were included in the analysis. The study was repeated fitting evaluations on the scales of 9 countries other than the United States. On all countries' scales, bulls from Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and Japan had greater EBV for milk yield than did their full brothers from the United States; Italian bulls had lower EBV. Bulls from Australia, Great Britain, and South Africa had an advantage in EBV for fat yield. For EBV for protein yield, bulls from Germany, Great Britain, Japan, and South Africa had an advantage, whereas bulls from the Netherlands were disadvantaged. For somatic cell score, US bulls were advantaged compared with bulls from South Africa. Significance and rankings of apparent biases were similar across country scales of the international evaluations. Causes of those differences are unknown; differences in incorporation of parental data in national and International Bull Evaluation Service evaluations are a possibility. C1 [Powell, R. L.; Sanders, A. H.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Powell, RL (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rex.powell@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 91 IS 7 BP 2885 EP 2892 DI 10.3168/jds.2006-881 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 315OS UT WOS:000256889900039 PM 18565946 ER PT J AU Hadsell, DL Parlow, AF Torres, D George, J Olea, W AF Hadsell, Darryl L. Parlow, Albert F. Torres, Daniel George, Jessy Olea, Walter TI Enhancement of maternal lactation performance during prolonged lactation in the mouse by mouse GH and long-R3-IGF-I is linked to changes in mammary signaling and gene expression SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; IGF-I; FEMALE RATS; BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; GLAND DEVELOPMENT; INSULIN-RECEPTOR; MILK SECRETION; WEIGHT-GAIN; FOOD-INTAKE; DAIRY-COWS AB GH, prolactin (PRL), and IGF-I stimulate lactation-related metabolic processes in mammary epithelial cells. However, the ability of these factors to stimulate milk production in animals varies depending on species and experimental variables. Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that transgenic overexpression of des(1-3)IGF-I within the mammary glands of lactating mouse darns increased lactation capacity during prolonged lactation. This work also suggested that some of the effects of the overexpressed IGF-I may have been mediated through elevated concentrations of IGF-I or PRL in the systemic circulation. In the present study, murine GH and PRL, and a human IGF-I analog, long-R3-IGF-I (LR3), were administered as s.c. injections to compare their ability to enhance milk production, and alter mammary gland signaling and gene expression. Lactation capacity, as measured by litter gain, was increased (P<0.05) by GH, but not by PRL. LR3 increased (P<0.05) mammary phospho-Akt and suppressors of cytokines signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene expression, and had a modest ability to increase (P<0-05) lactation capacity. GH both increased (P<0-05) mammary SOCS1 expression and decreased (P<0-05) mammary expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, the rate-limiiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin and a potential feedback inhibitor of lactation. These results suggest that while both GH and IGF-I stimulate milk production in the lactating mouse, the effect of GH may be additionally mediated through IGF-I-independent effects associated with repression of mammary serotonin synthesis. C1 [Hadsell, Darryl L.; Torres, Daniel; George, Jessy; Olea, Walter] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hadsell, Darryl L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Parlow, Albert F.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Natl Hormone Peptide Program, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. RP Hadsell, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dhadsell@bcm.tmc.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52197] NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC ENDOCRINOLOGY PI BRISTOL PA 22 APEX COURT, WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 198 IS 1 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1677/JOE-07-0556 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 329HS UT WOS:000257858400007 PM 18577570 ER PT J AU Reding, ME AF Reding, Michael E. TI Black vine weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) performance in container- and field-grown hosts SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ornamental plants; host preference; Otiorhynchus sulcatus ID OTIORHYNCHUS-SULCATUS FABRICIUS; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; PREFERENCE; AMERICA; PLANTS; RANGE; NORTH AB The black vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus F.) feeds on a variety of plant species and is a serious pest of ornamental nursery crops. The larval stage has a more restricted diet than the adult stage, but the larvae are more damaging because they feed on roots and often stunt or kill their hosts. Performance and establishment of larvae in various container- and field-grown nursery crops were examined. In trials on containerized plants, adult black vine weevil were caged with various combinations of known larval hosts. In these trials, most larvae were found in Sedum and Heuchera versus Astilbe, redbud, and Taxus. Larvae collected from Sedum, weighed significantly more than those from Heuchera or Taxus. In one field trial, adult black vine weevils were released, and establishment of larvae among potential hosts was examined. In this trial, Sedum was a better host than hemlock or Rudbeckia. Based on the numbers of larvae found in the different plant species, Sedurn was the best host for larvae. Another field trial examined the influence of mulch on the occurrence of larvae. The presence of mulch around small field-grown Taxus plants did not increase the numbers of larvae compared with bare soil. The presence of aged pine bark or Taxus needle mulches did not influence the occurrence of black vine weevils in field plots of young Taxus. Data from monitoring adults suggest they either emigrated from these plots within several weeks of emergence, although suitable hosts were present, or there was high mortality. C1 USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Lab, Wooster, OH 44961 USA. RP Reding, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Hort Insects Res Lab, Wooster, OH 44961 USA. EM mike.reding@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 300 EP 310 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 326UI UT WOS:000257684000005 ER PT J AU Zhu, YC Liu, FY Xu, ZP Chang, JH Abel, CA Shen, JL AF Zhu, Yu Cheng Liu, Fengyi Xu, Zhiping Chang, Juhua Abel, Craig A. Shen, Jinliang TI A modified F-1 screening method for detecting resistance gene Alleles to Bt cotton in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE helicoverpa armigera; Bt cotton; resistance detection; F-1 screening; resistance management ID CRY1AC DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; INSECTICIDAL PROTEIN; PINK-BOLLWORM; FITNESS COSTS; CHINA; MANAGEMENT AB Large-scale cultivation of Bt cotton places high selection pressure on target insects and, consequently, may prompt resistance evolution in pest populations. To better monitor Bt-resistance allele frequency in field populations, a modification of the F, screen was developed to screen F, progeny derived from single pair mating between field-collected males and laboratory resistant females (designated as F, screen). This method was used to survey a field population of Heliocoverpa armigera (Hubner) for resistance alleles at the same loci in the resistant strain. After treatment of the F, progeny derived from more than 260 single pair mating lines with Bt cotton, there was no clear separation of resistant genotypes from susceptible genotypes based on survival rates which demonstrated a linear distribution within a certain range. We further analyzed larval growth data of the F, progeny and found a correlation between larval body weight and survival rate. The maximum correlation was obtained when F, larval body weight reached >= 0.7 mg. To avoid underestimation, body weight >= 0.6 mg was used to initially separate potential positive lines (resistant genotype). After that, a corrected survival rate of > 21.3% (the minimal theoretical rate of > 25% for F-0 males to carry sr and rr genotypes) was used as the criterion to examine F-2 progeny derived from single sib-mating of F-1 adults and to verify whether the potential positive lines carried resistant alleles. C1 [Zhu, Yu Cheng; Liu, Fengyi; Xu, Zhiping; Chang, Juhua; Abel, Craig A.; Shen, Jinliang] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zhu, YC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM yc.zhu@ars.usda.gov; jlshen@njau.edu.cn NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 311 EP 319 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 326UI UT WOS:000257684000006 ER PT J AU Marti, OG Carpenter, JE AF Marti, O. G. Carpenter, J. E. TI Chemical desilking of Cactoblastis cactorum Berg pupae SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE insect rearing; desilking pupae; Cactoblastis cactorum; cactus moth C1 [Marti, O. G.; Carpenter, J. E.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Carpenter, JE (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM Jim.Carpenter@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 344 EP 347 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 326UI UT WOS:000257684000010 ER PT J AU Liu, SX Hermanowicz, SW AF Liu, Sean X. Hermanowicz, Slawomir W. TI Empirical correlation of volumetric mass transfer coefficient for a rectangular internal-loop airlift bioreactor SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE airlift bioreactor; gas holdup; wastewater treatment; internal-loop rectangular bioreactor ID NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; REACTOR; GAS; LIQUID; PREDICTION; COLUMNS; BED AB An empirical correlation of volumetric mass transfer coefficient was developed for a pilot-scale internal-loop rectangular airlift bioreactor that was designed for biotechnology. The empirical correlation combines classic turbulence theory, Kolmogorov's isotropic turbulence theory with Higbie's penetration theory. The simulation results based on the correlation suggested that the loading of polyethylene granules (for microbial colony support) in the bioreactor had little effect on the mass transfer coefficient of oxygen gas in the reactor, however, the gas superficial velocity was shown to affect the mass transfer coefficient substantially. These simulation results are comparable to the experimental results from a similar, albeit smaller in volume, three-phase internal-loop rectangular reactor in the literature. C1 [Liu, Sean X.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, CPF Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Hermanowicz, Slawomir W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, SX (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, CPF Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM sean.liu@ars.usda.gov RI Hermanowicz, Slawomir/D-7678-2014 OI Hermanowicz, Slawomir/0000-0003-3708-0262 FU Suez-Lyonnaise des Eaux-Dumez FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by Suez-Lyonnaise des Eaux-Dumez. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 1496-2551 EI 1496-256X J9 J ENVIRON ENG SCI JI J. Environ. Eng. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 7 IS 4 BP 411 EP 415 DI 10.1139/S08-012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 357GX UT WOS:000259835400014 ER PT J AU Hatfield, JL AF Hatfield, Jerry L. TI Special issue from the 4(th) USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Hatfield, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. EM jerry.hatfield@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1317 EP 1318 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0003in PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900001 PM 18574160 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH AF Skinner, R. Howard TI High biomass removal limits carbon sequestration potential of mature temperate pastures SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID NATIVE TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; DIOXIDE FLUXES; EDDY-CORRELATION; CO2 EXCHANGE; GRASSLAND; BUDGET; PRODUCTIVITY; RESPIRATION; MANAGEMENT; NORTHERN AB Decades of plowing have depleted organic C stocks in many agricultural soils. Conversion of plowed fields to pasture has the potential to reverse this process, recapturing organic matter that was lost under more intensive cropping systems. Temperate pastures in the northeast USA are highly productive and could act as significant C sinks. However, such pastures have relatively high biomass removal as hay or through consumption by grazing animals. In addition, the ability to sequester C decreases over time as previously depleted stocks are replenished and the soil returns to equilibrium conditions. The objective of this research was to use eddy covariance systems to quantify CO2 fluxes over two fields in central Pennsylvania that had been managed as pastures for at least 35 yr. Net ecosystem exchange measurements averaged over 8 site-years suggested that the pastures were acting as small net C sinks of 19 g C m(-2)yr(-1) (positive values indicate uptake). However, when biomass removal and manure deposition were included to calculate net biome productivity, the pastures were a net source of -81 g C m(-2) yr(-1) (negative values indicate loss to the atmosphere). Manure generated from the hay that was consumed off site averaged 18 g C m(-2)yr(-1). Returning that manure to the pastures would have only partially replenished the lost C, and the pastures would have remained net C sources. Heavy use of the biomass produced on these mature pastures prevented them from acting as C sinks. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702 Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov RI daorui, han/G-3767-2011; El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012 NR 35 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1319 EP 1326 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0263 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900002 PM 18574161 ER PT J AU Halvorson, AD Del Grosso, SJ Reule, CA AF Halvorson, Ardell D. Del Grosso, Stephen J. Reule, Curtis A. TI Nitrogen, tillage, and crop rotation effects on nitrous oxide emissions from irrigated cropping systems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID NORTHERN COLORADO; NO-TILL; MANAGEMENT; CORN; AGRICULTURE; SOILS AB We evaluated the effects of irrigated crop management practices on nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from soil. Emissions were monitored from several irrigated cropping systems receiving N fertilizer rates ranging from 0 to 246 kg N ha(-1) during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons. Cropping systems included conventional-till (CT) continuous corn (Zea mays L.), no-till (NT) continuous corn, NT corn-dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (NT-CDb), and NT corn-barley (Hordeum distichon L.) (NT-CB). In 2005, half the N was subsurface band applied as urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) at planting to all corn plots, with the rest of the N applied surface broadcast as a polymer-coated urea (PCU) in mid-june. The entire N rate was applied as UAN at barley and dry bean planting in the NT-CB and NT-CDb plots in 2005. All plots were in corn in 2006, with PCU being applied at half the N rate at corn emergence and a second N application as dry urea in mid-June followed by irrigation, both banded on the soil surface in the corn row. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured during the growing season using static, vented chambers (1-3 times wk(-1)) and a gas chromatograph analyzer. Linear increases in NO emissions were observed with increasing N-fertilizer rate, but emission amounts varied with growing season. Growing season N2O emissions were greater from the NT-CDb system during the corn phase of the rotation than from the other cropping systems. Crop rotation and N rate had more effect than tillage system on N2O emissions. Nitrous oxide emissions from N application ranged from 0.30 to 0.75% of N applied. Spikes in N2O emissions after N fertilizer application were greater with UAN and urea than with PCU fertilizer. The PCU showed potential for reducing N2O emissions from irrigated cropping systems. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.; Del Grosso, Stephen J.; Reule, Curtis A.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 97 Z9 107 U1 4 U2 45 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1337 EP 1344 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0268 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900004 PM 18574163 ER PT J AU Causarano, HJ Doraiswarny, PC McCarty, GW Hatfield, JL Milak, S Stern, AJ AF Causarano, Hector J. Doraiswarny, Paul C. McCarty, Gregory W. Hatfield, Jerry L. Milak, Sushil Stern, Alan. J. TI EPIC Modeling of soil organic carbon sequestration in croplands of lowa SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; CORN-BELT; TILLAGE SYSTEM; NO-TILL; DYNAMICS; WATERSHEDS; EROSION; GROWTH; YIELD; FIELD AB Depending on management, soil organic carbon (SOC) is a potential source or sink for atmospheric CO2. We used the EPIC model to study impacts of soil and crop management on SOC in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) croplands of Iowa. The National Agricultural Statistics Service crops classification maps were used to identify corn-soybean areas. Soil properties were obtained from a combination of SSURGO and STATSGO databases. Daily weather variables were obtained from first order meteorological stations in Iowa and neighboring states. Data on crop management, fertilizer application and tillage were obtained from publicly available databases maintained by the NRCS, USDA-Economic Research Service (ERS), and Conservation Technology Information Center. The EPIC model accurately simulated state averages of crop yields during 1970-2005 (R-2 = 0.87). Simulated SOC explained 75% of the variation in measured SOC. With current trends in conservation tillage adoption, total stock of SOC (0-20 cm) is predicted to reach 506 Tg by 2019, representing an increase of 28 Tg with respect to 1980. In contrast, when the whole soil profile was considered, EPIC estimated a decrease of SOC stocks with time, from 1835 Tg in 1980 to 1771 Tg in 2019. Hence, soil depth considered for calculations is an important factor that needs further investigation. Soil organic C sequestration rates (0-20 cm) were estimated at 0.50 to 0.63 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) depending on climate and soil conditions. Overall, combining land use maps with EPIC proved valid for predicting impacts of management practices on SOC. However, more data on spatial and temporal variation in SOC are needed to improve model calibration and validation. C1 [Causarano, Hector J.; Doraiswarny, Paul C.; McCarty, Gregory W.; Milak, Sushil; Stern, Alan. J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hatfield, Jerry L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Res Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Causarano, HJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Bldg 007,Rm 104,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hector.Causarano@ars.usda.gov RI El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012 NR 37 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1345 EP 1353 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0277 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900005 PM 18574164 ER PT J AU Venterea, RT Stanenas, AJ AF Venterea, Rodney T. Stanenas, Adam J. TI Profile analysis and Modeling of reduced tillage effects on soil nitrous oxide flux SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID TRACE GAS-TRANSPORT; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; NO-TILL; ORGANIC-MATTER; N2O EMISSIONS; CROP-ROTATION; DENITRIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; NITRIFICATION; NITRITE AB The impact of no-till (NT) and other reduced tillage (RT) practices on soil to atmosphere fluxes of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) are difficult to predict, and there is limited information regarding strategies for minimizing fluxes from RT systems. We measured vertical distributions of key microbial, chemical, and physical properties in soils from a long-term tillage experiment and used these data as inputs to a process-based model that accounts for N(2)O production, consumption, and gaseous diffusion. The results demonstrate how differences among tillage systems in the stratification of microbial enzyme activity chemical reactivity, and other properties can control NO fluxes. Under nitrification-dominated conditions, simulated N(2)O emissions in the presence of nitrite (NO(2)(-)) were 2 to 10 times higher in NT soil compared to soil under conventional tillage (CT). Under denitrification-dominated conditions in the presence of nitrate (NO(3)(-)), higher bulk density and water content under NT promoted higher denitrification rates than CT. These effects were partially offset by higher soluble organic carbon and/or temperature and lower N(2)O reduction rates under CT. The NT/CT ratio of N(2)O fluxes increased as NO(2)(-) or NO(3)(-) was placed closer to the surface. The highest NT/CT ratios of N(2)O flux (> 30:1) were predicted for near-surface NO(3)(-) placement, while NT/CT ratios < 1 were predicted for NO(3)(-) placement below 15 cm. These results suggest that N(2)O fluxes from RT systems can be minimized by subsurface fertilizer placement and by using a chemical form of fertilizer that does not promote substantial NO(2)(-) accumulation. C1 [Venterea, Rodney T.; Stanenas, Adam J.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Res Management Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Cir,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rod.venterea@ars.usda.gov RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 NR 46 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1360 EP 1367 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0283 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900007 PM 18574166 ER PT J AU Del Grosso, SJ Halvorson, AD Parton, WJ AF Del Grosso, S. J. Halvorson, A. D. Parton, W. J. TI Testing DAYCENT model simulations of corn yields and nitrous oxide emissions in irrigated tillage systems in Colorado SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID GREENHOUSE-GAS FLUX; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CROPPING SYSTEMS; N2O EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; NO; MANAGEMENT; CARBON; CH4 AB Agricultural soils are responsible for the majority of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in the USA. Irrigated cropping, particularly in the western USA, is an important source of N2O emissions. However, the impacts of tillage intensity and N fertilizer amount and type have not been extensively studied for irrigated systems. The DAYCENT biogeochemical model was tested using N2O, crop yield, soil N and C, and other data collected from irrigated cropping systems in northeastern Colorado during 2002 to 2006. DAYCENT uses daily weather, soil texture, and land management information to simulate C and N fluxes between the atmosphere, soil, and vegetation. The model property represented the impacts of tillage intensity and N fertilizer amount on crop yields, soil organic C (SOC), and soil water content. DAYCENT N2O emissions matched the measured data in that simulated emissions increased as N fertilization rates increased and emissions from no-till (NT) tended to be lower on average than conventional-till (CT). However, the model overestimated N2O emissions. Lowering the amount of N2O emitted per unit of N nitrified from 2 to 1% helped improve model fit but the treatments receiving no N fertilizer were still overestimated by more than a factor of 2. Both the model and measurements showed that soil NO3- levels increase with N fertilizer addition and with tillage intensity, but DAYCENT underestimated NO3- levels, particularly for the treatments receiving no N fertilizer. We suggest that DAYCENT could be improved by reducing the background nitrification rate and by accounting for the impact of changes in microbial community structure on denitrification rates. C1 [Del Grosso, S. J.; Halvorson, A. D.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Parton, W. J.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Del Grosso, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM steve.delgrosso@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1383 EP 1389 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0292 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900010 PM 18574169 ER PT J AU Parkin, TB AF Parkin, Timothy B. TI Effect of sampling frequency on estimates of cumulative nitrous oxide emissions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th USDA Greenhouse Gas Symposium on Positioning Agriculture and Forestry to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change CY FEB 06-08, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD ID FERTILIZED GRASSLAND; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; FIELD MEASUREMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MAIZE FIELDS; FLUXES; N2O; MANAGEMENT AB It is generally recognized that soil N2O emissions can exhibit pronounced day-to-day variations; however, measurements of soil N2O flux with soil chambers typically are done only at discrete points in time. This study evaluated the impact of sampling frequency on the precision of cumulative N2O flux estimates calculated from field measurements. Automated chambers were deployed in a com/soybean field and used to measure soil N2O fluxes every 6 h from 25 Feb. 2006 through 11 Oct. 2006. The chambers were located in two positions relative to the fertilizer bands-directly over a band or between fertilizer bands. Sampling frequency effects on cumulative N2O-N flux estimation were assessed using a jackknife technique where populations of NO fluxes were constructed from the average daily fluxes measured in each chamber. These test populations were generated by selecting measured flux values at regular time intervals ranging from 1 to 21 d. It was observed that as sampling interval increased from 7 to 21 d, variances associated with cumulative flux estimates increased. At relatively frequent sampling intensities (i.e., once every 3 d) N2O-N flux estimates were within 10% of the expected value at both sampling positions. As the time interval between sampling was increased, the deviation in estimated cumulative N2O flux increased, such that sampling once every 21 d yielded estimates within +60% and -40% of the actual cumulative N2O flux. The variance of potential fluxes associated with the between-band positions was less than the over-band position, indicating that the underlying temporal variability impacts the efficacy of a given sampling protocol. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Parkin, TB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tim.parkin@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 48 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1390 EP 1395 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0333 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900011 PM 18574170 ER PT J AU Elliott, KJ Vose, JM Knoepp, JD Johnson, DW Swank, WT Jackson, W AF Elliott, Katherine J. Vose, James M. Knoepp, Jennifer D. Johnson, Dale W. Swank, Wayne T. Jackson, William TI Simulated effects of sulfur deposition on nutrient cycling in class I wilderness SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; CATION BUDGETS; NORTH-AMERICA; CALCIUM; SULFATE; CHEMISTRY AB We predicted the effects of sulfate (SO(4)) deposition on wilderness areas designated as Class I air quality areas in western North Carolina using a nutrient cycling model (NuCM). We used three S deposition simulations: current, 50% decrease, and 100% increase. We measured vegetation, forest floor, and root biomass and collected soil, soil solution, and stream water samples for chemical analyses. We used the closest climate stations and atmospheric deposition stations to parameterize NuCM. The areas were: Joyce Kilmer (JK), Shining Rock (SR), and Linville Gorge (LG). They differ in soil acidity and nutrients, and soil solution and stream chemistry. Shining Rock and LG have lower soil solution base cation and higher acidic ion concentrations than JK. For SR and LG, the soil solution Ca/Al molar ratios are currently 0.3 in the rooting zone (A horizon), indicating Al toxicity. At SR, the simulated Ca/Al ratio increased to slightly above 1.5 after the 30-yr simulation regardless of S deposition reduction. At LG, Ca/Al ratios ranged from 1.6 to 2.4 toward the end of the simulation period, the 100% increase scenario had the lower value. Low Ca/Al ratios suggest that forests at SR and LG are significantly stressed under current conditions. Our results also suggest that SO 4 retention is low, perhaps contributing to their high degree of acidification. 'Their soils are acidic, low in weatherable minerals, and even with large reductions in SO(4) and associated acid deposition, it may take decades before these systems recover from depletion of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and K. C1 [Elliott, Katherine J.; Vose, James M.; Knoepp, Jennifer D.; Swank, Wayne T.] USDA Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Dep Environm & Resource Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Jackson, William] USDA Forest Serv, Air Resources Program, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Elliott, KJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, Otto, NC 28763 USA. EM kelliott@fs.fed.us NR 66 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1419 EP 1431 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0358 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900014 PM 18574173 ER PT J AU Jarecki, MK Parkin, TB Chan, ASK Hatfield, JL Jones, R AF Jarecki, Marek K. Parkin, Timothy B. Chan, Alvarus S. K. Hatfield, Jerry L. Jones, Raymond TI Greenhouse gas emissions from two soils receiving nitrogen fertilizer and swine manure slurry SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METHANE OXIDATION; OXIDE EMISSIONS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; PIG SLURRY; NITROSOMONAS-EUROPAEA; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TRACE GASES; NITRIC-OXIDE; NEW-ZEALAND; AMMONIA AB The interactive effects of soil texture and type of N fertility (i.e., manure vs. commercial N fertilizer) on N2O and CH4 emissions have not been well established. This study was conducted to assess the impact of soil type and N fertility on greenhouse gas fluxes (N2O, CH4, and CO2) from the soil surface. The soils used were a sandy loam (789 g kg(-1) sand and 138 g kg(-1) clay) and a clay soil (216 g kg(-1) sand, and 415 g kg(-1) clay). Chamber experiments were conducted using plastic buckets as the experimental units. The treatments applied to each soil type were: (i) control (no added N), (ii) urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN), and (iii) liquid swine manure slurry Greenhouse gas fluxes were measured over 8 weeks. Within the UAN and swine manure treatments both N2O and CH4 emissions were greater in the sandy loam than in the clay soil. In the sandy loam soil N2O emissions were significantly different among all N treatments, but in the clay soil only the manure treatment had significantly higher N2O emissions. It is thought that the major differences between the two soils controlling both N2O and CH4 emissions were cation exchange capacity (CEC) and percent water-filled pore space (%WFPS). We speculate that the higher CEC in the clay soil reduced N availability through increased adsorption of NH4+. compared to the sandy loam soil. In addition the higher average %WFPS in the sandy loam may have favored higher denitrification and CH4 production than in the clay soil. C1 [Jarecki, Marek K.] AgCert USA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chan, Alvarus S. K.] AgCert USA, Melbourne, FL 32904 USA. [Jones, Raymond] AgCert Canada Co, High River, AB T1V 1M5, Canada. [Parkin, Timothy B.; Hatfield, Jerry L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jarecki, MK (reprint author), AgCert USA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Ave, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM marek.jarecki@ars.usda.gov RI Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011 NR 62 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 36 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1432 EP 1438 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0427 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900015 PM 18574174 ER PT J AU Sharpley, AN Kleinman, PJA Heathwaite, AL Gburek, WJ Weld, JL Folmar, GJ AF Sharpley, Andrew N. Kleinman, Peter J. A. Heathwaite, A. Louise Gburek, William J. Weld, Jennifer L. Folmar, Gordon J. TI Integrating contributing areas and indexing phosphorus loss from agricultural watersheds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT; STRATEGIES; TILLAGE; QUALITY; SCALE; FLOW; CHALLENGES; GENERATION AB Most states in the USA have adopted P Indexing to guide P-based management of agricultural fields by identifying the relative risk of P loss at farm and watershed scales. To a large extent, this risk is based on hydrologic principles that frequently occurring storms can initiate surface runoff from fields. Once initiated, this hydrological pathway has a high potential to transport P to the stream. In regions where hydrologically active areas of watersheds vary in time and space, surface runoff generation by "saturation excess" has been linked to distance from stream, with larger events resulting in larger contributing distances. Thus, storm-return period and P loss from a 39.5-ha mixed-land-use watershed in Pennsylvania was evaluated to relate return-period thresholds and distances contributing P to streams. Of 248 storm flows between 1997 and 2006, 93% had a return period of 1 yr, contributing 47% of total P (TP) export, while the largest two storms (10-yr return period) accounted for 23% of TP export. Contributing distance thresholds for the watershed were determined (50-150 M) for a range of storm-return periods (1-10 yr) from hydrograph analysis. By modifying storm-return period thresholds in the P Index and thereby contributing distance, it is possible to account for greater risk of P loss during large storms. For instance, increasing return period threshold from I (current P indices) to 5 yr, which accounted for 67% of TP export, increased the P-management restricted area from 20 to 58% of the watershed. An increase in impacted area relative to a decreased risk of P loss creates a management-policy dilemma that cannot be ignored. C1 [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kleinman, Peter J. A.; Gburek, William J.; Folmar, Gordon J.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Heathwaite, A. Louise] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Ctr Sustainable Water Management, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Weld, Jennifer L.] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sharpley, AN (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dep Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 115 Plant Sci Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM Sharpley@uark.edu OI Heathwaite, Ann Louise/0000-0001-8791-0039 NR 46 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1488 EP 1496 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0381 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900021 PM 18574180 ER PT J AU Blazier, MA Gaston, LA Clason, TR Farrish, KW Oswald, BP Evans, HA AF Blazier, Michael A. Gaston, Lewis A. Clason, Terry R. Farrish, Kenneth W. Oswald, Brian P. Evans, Hayden A. TI Nutrient dynamics and tree growth of silvopastoral systems: Impact of poultry litter SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID LOBLOLLY-PINE PLANTATION; BROILER LITTER; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; LAND APPLICATION; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; FOLIAR NUTRIENT; WATER-QUALITY; WEED-CONTROL; SLASH PINE; LEAF-AREA AB Fertilizing pastures with poultry litter has led to an increased incidence of nutrient-saturated soils, particularly on highly fertilized, well drained soils. Applying litter to silvopastures, in which loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) production are integrated, may be an ecologically desirable alternative for upland soils of the southeastern USA. Integrating subterranean clover (Tiifolium subterraneum) into silvopastures may enhance nutrient retention potential. This study evaluated soil nutrient dynamics, loblolly pine nutrient composition, and loblolly pine growth of an annually fertilized silvopasture on a well drained soil in response to fertilizer type, litter application rate, and subterranean clover. Three fertilizer treatments were applied annually for 4 yr: (i) 5 Mg litter ha(-1) OLIT), (ii) 10 Mg litter ha(-1) (I OLIT), and (iii) an inorganic N, P, K pasture blend (INO). Litter stimulated loblolly pine growth, and neither litter treatment produced soil test P concentrations above runoff potential threshold ranges. However, both litter treatments led to accumulation of several nutrients (notably P) in upper soil horizons relative to INO and unfertilized control treatments. The 10LIT treatment may have increased N and P leaching potential. Subterranean clover kept more P sequestered in the upper soil horizon and conferred some growth benefits to loblolly pine. Thus, although these silvopasture systems had a relatively high capacity for nutrient use and retention at this site, litter should be applied less frequently than in this study to reduce environmental risks. C1 [Blazier, Michael A.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Hill Farm Res Stn, Homer, LA 71040 USA. [Gaston, Lewis A.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Dept Agron & Environ Management, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Clason, Terry R.] USDA NRCS, Alexandria, LA 71302 USA. [Farrish, Kenneth W.; Oswald, Brian P.; Evans, Hayden A.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Temple Coll Forestry & Ag, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. RP Blazier, MA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Hill Farm Res Stn, 11959 Hwy 9, Homer, LA 71040 USA. EM mblazier@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 90 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1546 EP 1558 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0343 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 324FU UT WOS:000257503900028 PM 18574187 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ Moore, J Shaw, G AF Ashworth, D. J. Moore, J. Shaw, G. TI Effects of soil type, moisture content, redox potential and methyl bromide fumigation on K(d) values of radio-selenium in soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE mini-columns; (79)Se; (75)Se; solid-liquid partitioning; contaminant fate and transport; batch K(d) ID SURFACE WATER-TABLE; PLANT UPTAKE; RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT; CROP UPTAKE; MIGRATION; RADIOIODINE; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; MOBILITY; IMPACT AB Understanding the processes that determine the solid-liquid partitioning (K(d) value) of Se is of fundamental importance in assessing the risk associated with the disposal of radio-selenium-containing waste. Using a mini-column (rather than batch) approach, K(d) values for (75)Se were determined over time in relation to soil moisture content (field capacity or saturated), redox potential and methyl bromide fumigation (used to disrupt the soil microbial population) in three contrasting soil types: clay loam, organic and sandy loam. The K(d) values were generally in the range 50-500 L kg(-1), with mean soil K(d) increasing with increasing organic matter content. Saturation with water lowered the measured redox potentials in the soils. However, only in the sandy loam soil did redox potential become negative, and this led to an increase in. (75)Se K(d) value in this soil. Comparison of the data with the Eh-pH stability diagram for Se suggested that such strong reduction may have been consistent with the formation of the insoluble Se species, selenide. These findings, coupled with the fact that methyl bromide fumigation had no discernible effect on (75)Se K(d) value in the sandy loam soil, suggest that geochemical, rather than microbial, processes controlled (75)Se partitioning. The inter-relations between soil moisture content, redox potential and Se speciation should be considered in the modelling and assessment of radioactive Se fate and transport in the environment. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ashworth, D. J.; Moore, J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Environm Policy, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Shaw, G.] Univ Nottingham, Div Agr & Environm Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM daniel.ashworth@ars.usda.gov RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-931X J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV JI J. Environ. Radioact. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 99 IS 7 BP 1136 EP 1142 DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.01.009 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317GO UT WOS:000257008200017 PM 18328605 ER PT J AU McElrone, AJ Jackson, S Habdas, P AF McElrone, Andrew J. Jackson, Susan Habdas, Piotr TI Hydraulic disruption and passive migration by a bacterial pathogen in oak tree xylem SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE cavitation; embolism; hydraulic conductivity; vascular pathogens; Xylella fastidiosa; xylem-limited bacteria ID PIERCES-DISEASE; LEAF SCORCH; VITIS-VINIFERA; WATER-STRESS; SUGAR MAPLE; NEW-JERSEY; FASTIDIOSA; GRAPEVINE; EMBOLISM; CAVITATION AB Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a xylem-limited bacterial pathogen that causes leaf scorch symptoms in numerous plant species in urban, agricultural, and natural ecosystems worldwide. The exact mechanism of hydraulic disruption and systemic colonization of xylem byXf remains elusive across all host plants. To understand both processes better, the functional and structural characteristics of xylem in different organs of both healthy andXf-infected trees of severalQuercus species were studied. Hydraulic conductivity (K(s)) inXf-infected petioles ofQ. palustris andQ. rubra decreased significantly compared with healthy trees as the season progressed and plummeted to zero with the onset of scorch symptoms. Prior to the onset of symptoms, embolism was as much as 3.7 times higher inXf-infected petioles compared with healthy controls and preceded significant reductions inK(s). Embolism likely resulted from pit membrane degradation during colonization of new petiole xylem and triggered the process that eventually led to vessel occlusion. Pit membrane porosity was studied using the following four methods to determine if a pathway exists in the xylem network of woody stems that allows for passiveXf migration: (i) calculations based on vulnerability to cavitation data, (ii) scanning electron micrographs, (iii) microsphere injections, and (iv) air seeding thresholds on individual vessels. All four methods consistently demonstrated that large pit membrane pores (i.e. greater than the diameter of individualXf) occur frequently throughout the secondary stem xylem in severalQuercus species. These large pores probably facilitate systemic colonization of the secondary xylem network and contribute to the high susceptibility to bacterial leaf scorch exhibited among these species. C1 [McElrone, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jackson, Susan] St Josephs Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA. [Habdas, Piotr] St Josephs Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA. RP McElrone, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajmcelrone@ucdavis.edu NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2649 EP 2657 DI 10.1093/jxb/ern124 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 322UT UT WOS:000257401500007 PM 18487632 ER PT J AU Rodo, AP Brugiere, N Vankova, R Malbeck, J Olson, JM Haines, SC Martin, RC Habben, JE Mok, DWS Mok, MC AF Rodo, Albert Pineda Brugiere, Norbert Vankova, Radomira Malbeck, Jiri Olson, Jaleh M. Haines, Sara C. Martin, Ruth C. Habben, Jeffrey E. Mok, David W. S. Mok, Machteld C. TI Over-expression of a zeatin O-glucosylation gene in maize leads to growth retardation and tasselseed formation SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE corn; cytokinin; plant development; tasselseed; Zea mays; zeatin O-glucosyltransferase ID CIS-ZEATIN; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SEX DETERMINATION; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; CYTOKININ RECEPTORS; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; TOBACCO PLANTS; ABSCISIC-ACID; ROOT-MERISTEM AB To study the effects of cytokinin O-glucosylation in monocots, maize (Zea mays L.) transformants harbouring the ZOG1 gene (encoding a zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus L.) under the control of the constitutive ubiquitin (Ubi) promoter were generated. The roots and leaves of the transformants had greatly increased levels of zeatin-O-glucoside. The vegetative characteristics of hemizygous and homozygous Ubi:ZOG1 plants resembled those of cytokinin-deficient plants, including shorter stature, thinner stems, narrower leaves, smaller meristems, and increased root mass and branching. Transformant leaves had a higher chlorophyll content and increased levels of active cytokinins compared with those of non-transformed sibs. The Ubi:ZOG1 plants exhibited delayed senescence when grown in the spring/summer. While hemizygous transformants had reduced tassels with fewer spikelets and normal viable pollen, homozygotes had very small tassels and feminized tassel florets, resembling tasselseed phenotypes. Such modifications of the reproductive phase were unexpected and demonstrate a link between cytokinins and sex-specific floral development in monocots. C1 [Rodo, Albert Pineda; Olson, Jaleh M.; Haines, Sara C.; Mok, David W. S.; Mok, Machteld C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rodo, Albert Pineda; Olson, Jaleh M.; Haines, Sara C.; Mok, David W. S.; Mok, Machteld C.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomputing, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Brugiere, Norbert; Habben, Jeffrey E.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Agron Traits Discovery Grp, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Vankova, Radomira; Malbeck, Jiri] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Expt Bot VVI, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Martin, Ruth C.] Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Mok, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mokm@hort.oregonstate.edu RI Vankova, Radomira/G-6808-2014; Malbeck, Jiri/F-7358-2014; OI Vankova, Radomira/0000-0001-9101-8844; Haines, Sara/0000-0002-4454-1584 NR 70 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2673 EP 2686 DI 10.1093/jxb/ern137 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 322UT UT WOS:000257401500009 ER PT J AU Machado, RMA Bryla, DR Verissimo, ML Sena, AM Oliveira, MRG AF Machado, Rui M. A. Bryla, David R. Verissimo, M. L. Sena, A. M. Oliveira, M. R. G. TI Nitrogen requirements for growth and early fruit development of drip-irrigated processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Portugal SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Lycopersicon esculentum; drip irrigation; luxury consumption; nitrogen fertilizer; root length density ID WATER; SOIL AB The effect of continuous application of small quantities of nitrogen (N) in irrigation water and N applied as starter on growth and development of processing tomato, from transplanting to beginning of fruit set, was studied in two experiments - a pot experiment and a field trial. The pot experiment was carried out with eight treatments, including two soil types and four levels of N application (13.2, 18.2, 28.2 and 48.2 mg/L of N). The field trial consisted of four N treatments, including a control with only 6.4 mg/L of N available naturally in the irrigation water, 15 kg/ha of N applied at pre-plant, 15 kg/ha of N applied at pre-plant plus 20 mg/L of N applied continuously during irrigation, and 15 kg ha(-1) N applied at pre-plant plus 40 mg/L of N applied continuously during irrigation. Plant growth was significantly affected by soil type and N level under controlled conditions, increasing linearly in luvisol (sandy loam) and regosol (sand) soil at an average rate of 0.52 and 0.64 g dry weight per mg N in the irrigation water, respectively. However, under field conditions in luvisol soil, additional N, whether added at pre-plant or continuously during irrigation, had no effect on any measure of aboveground plant growth, including leaf area, plant dry weight or early fruit production, but reduced root length density below ground. Overall, N in the irrigation water was sufficient for the young tomato plants between planting and fruit set, and adding more N at pre-plant or by fertigation only resulted in luxury N consumption. C1 [Machado, Rui M. A.; Verissimo, M. L.; Sena, A. M.; Oliveira, M. R. G.] Univ Evora, ICAM, P-7002554 Evora, Portugal. [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Machado, RMA (reprint author), Univ Evora, ICAM, Apartado 94, P-7002554 Evora, Portugal. EM rmam@uevora.pt; david.bryla@ars.usda.gov OI Machado, Rui/0000-0003-1238-6097 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3-4 BP 215 EP 218 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 368BV UT WOS:000260597200046 ER PT J AU Mankolo, RN Sistani, KR Senwo, ZN Ranatunga, TD AF Mankolo, Regine N. Sistani, Karamat R. Senwo, Zachary N. Ranatunga, Thilini D. TI Seasonal changes in phosphorus and phosphatase compositions in soils enriched with poultry litter SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; enzyme; phosphatase ID ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; MANURE APPLICATIONS; ANIMAL MANURE; FRACTIONS; GROWTH; AVAILABILITY; AMENDMENTS; DYNAMICS; FORMS AB Season and soil depth may play an important role in phosphor-us (P) dynamics and mineralization in soil because of changes in soil moisture, temperature and microbial activity. This study was conducted to quantify P fractions and enzymatic activity from poultry litter (PL) application as affected by soil depth and time of application. Poultry litter was applied at the rate of 15.75 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) based on N requirement of bermudagrass for maximum growth. Phosphorus distribution among different fractions (Al-, Fe- and Ca-bound; organic P and residual) was extracted sequentially. Results showed that P fractions were significantly affected by season and soil depth (P<0.01). Phosphorus fractions varied within season and soil depth with less P measured on the topsoil for early spring application. There was little P movement down to 10 cm depth. Enzyme activities were affected by the soil depth in the first year but no significant differences occurred in the second year. The smallest enzyme activity of 3.3 mg p-nitrophenol kg(-1)soil h(-1) was recorded with alkaline phosphatase in cool weather. Phosphatase activity, although related to P availability does not offer greater benefits in predicting soil P. Based on our analysis the concentration of P on the soil surface does not pose environmental concerns as related to the time of PL application for the short length of this study. C1 [Mankolo, Regine N.; Senwo, Zachary N.; Ranatunga, Thilini D.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Sistani, Karamat R.] ARS, USDA, Waste Manage & Forage Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Mankolo, RN (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, POB 1208, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM regine.mankolo@aamu.edu NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3-4 BP 415 EP 420 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 368BV UT WOS:000260597200084 ER PT J AU Tazisong, IA Senwo, ZN Taylor, RW He, ZQ AF Tazisong, Irenus A. Senwo, Zachary N. Taylor, Robert W. He, Zhongqi TI Hydrolysis of organic phosphates by commercially available phytases: Biocatalytic potentials and effects of ions on their enzymatic activities SO JOURNAL OF FOOD AGRICULTURE & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phytase; organic phosphorus; wheat phytase; Aspergaillus ficuum ID MYOINOSITOL HEXAKIS DIHYDROGENPHOSPHATE; DAIRY WASTE-WATER; P COMPOUNDS; PHOSPHORUS; SOILS; PHOSPHOHYDROLASES; DEPHOSPHORYLATION; POLLUTION; MANURE AB Commercially available phytases from wheat and fungus Aspergillus ficuum have been used in environmental and agricultural phosphorus study. In order to better understand the biochemical properties of these two phytases, in vitro experiments were conducted to study their catalytic potentials to hydrolyze a number of representative organic phosphates [phytate; p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNP); p-nitrophenyl phosphate di-2-amino-2-ethyl-l-3-propanediol (PNP2A2E); p-nitrophenyl phosphate bis-cyclohexylammonium (PNPBC); bis-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (Bis-PNP); D-glucose 6-phosphate sodium salt (DG6PNa); and D-glucose 6-phosphate disodium salt (DG6P2Na)]. The results showed that the activity of wheat phytase in hydrolyzing these substrates was in the order: phytate > PNPBC > PNP2A2E > PNP > DG6P2Na > DG6PNa > Bis-PNP. Substrate preference for the fungal phytase followed the pattern: phytate > PNP > PNP2A2E > PNPBC. The kinetic constants of the two enzymes on these substrates demonstrated that the binding affinity for the fungal phytase with phytate was the highest. We further observed that As, Ba, Br and I ions enhanced the fungal phytase activity, whereas wheat phytase activity was suppressed by most ions we tested. Information obtained in this research is helpful in assessing the application of the two phytases in phosphate pollution research under various environmentally relevant conditions. C1 [Tazisong, Irenus A.; Senwo, Zachary N.; Taylor, Robert W.] Alabama A&M Univ, Sch Agr & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Senwo, ZN (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Sch Agr & Environm Sci, POB 1087, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM zachary.senwo@aamu.edu; zhongqi.he@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 FU USDA-CSREES [ALAX011] FX This work is contributed by the Winfred Thomas Agricultural Research Station, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL. Journal # 619. Trade or manufacturers' names mentioned in the paper are for information only and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, or exclusion by Alabama A&M University and/or USDA-ARS. The research was supported in part by USDA-CSREES, Evans-Allen Grant#ALAX011. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WFL PUBL PI HELSINKI PA MERI-RASTILANTIE 3 C, HELSINKI, FI-00980, FINLAND SN 1459-0255 J9 J FOOD AGRIC ENVIRON JI J. Food Agric. Environ. PD JUL-OCT PY 2008 VL 6 IS 3-4 BP 500 EP 505 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 368BV UT WOS:000260597200099 ER PT J AU Niemira, BA Sites, J AF Niemira, Brendan A. Sites, Joseph TI Cold plasma inactivates Salmonella stanley and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 inoculated on Golden Delicious apples SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; FRESH PRODUCE; DECONTAMINATION; SURFACES; NEEDLE; FOODS AB Cold plasma generated in a gliding arc was applied to outbreak strains of Escherichia coli O157:117 and Salmonella Stanley on agar plates and inoculated onto the surfaces of Golden Delicious apples. This novel sanitizing technology inactivated both pathogens on agar plates, with higher flow rate (40 liters/min) observed to be more efficacious than were lower flow rates (20 liters/min), irrespective of treatment time (1 or 2 min). Golden Delicious apples were treated with various flow rates (10, 20, 30, or 40 liters/min) of cold plasma for various times (1, 2, or 3 min), applied to dried spot inoculations. All treatments resulted in significant (P < 0.05) reductions from the untreated control, with 40 liters/min more effective than were lower flow rates. Inactivation of Salmonella Stanley followed a time-dependent reduction for all flow rates. Reductions after 3 min ranged from 2.9 to 3.7 log CFU/ml, close to the limit of detection. For E. coli O157:H7, 40 liters/min gave similar reductions for all treatment times, 3.4 to 3.6 log CFU/ml. At lower flow rates, inactivation was related to exposure time, with 3 min resulting in reductions of 2.6 to 3 log CFU/ml. Temperature increase of the treated apples was related to exposure time for all flow rates. The maximum temperature of any plasma-treated apple was 50.8 degrees C (28 degrees C above ambient), after 20 liters/min for 3 min, indicating that antimicrobial effects were not the result of heat. These results indicate that cold plasma is a nonthermal process that can effectively reduce human pathogens inoculated onto fresh produce. C1 [Niemira, Brendan A.; Sites, Joseph] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Res unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Res unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM brendan.niemira@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 35 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 71 IS 7 BP 1357 EP 1365 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 322VV UT WOS:000257404300006 PM 18680933 ER PT J AU Nowak, J Asaro, C Klepzig, K Billings, R AF Nowak, John Asaro, Christopher Klepzig, Kier Billings, Ronald TI The southern pine beetle prevention initiative: Working for healthier forests SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; forest management; cost-share incentives ID UNITED-STATES; BARK BEETLES; STANDS AB The southern pine beetle (SPB) is the most destructive forest pest in the South. After a recent SPB outbreak, the US Forest Service (Forest Health Protection and Southern Research Station [SRS]) received SPB Initiative (SPBI) funding to focus more resources on proadive SPB prevention work. This funding is being used for on-the-ground accomplishments, landowner education, and research and development. Since 2003, on-the-ground accomplishments have totaled over 500,000 ac of thinning and restoration work on state, private, and national forestland. The SRS (SRS Research Work Unit 4552) has worked, internally and externally, on projects addressing (1) the risks and costs of SPB, (2) preventing and controlling SPB outbreaks, and (3) recovery from SPB outbreaks. Much work has been accomplished through the SPBI and will hopefully have a long-lasting impact. This article describes the history, current practices, and the accomplishments for the first 6 years of the SPBI. C1 [Nowak, John] US forest Serv, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Asaro, Christopher] Univ Virginia, Dept Forestry, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Klepzig, Kier] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Billings, Ronald] Texas Forest Serv Suite, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. RP Nowak, J (reprint author), US forest Serv, 200 WT Weaver Blvd, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. EM jnowak@fs.fed.us; chris.asaro@dof.virginia.gov; kklepzig@fs.fed.us; rbillings@tfs.tamu.edu NR 36 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 106 IS 5 BP 261 EP 267 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 343KG UT WOS:000258851600003 ER PT J AU Bowker, JM Lim, SH Cordell, HK Green, GT Rideout-Hanzak, S Johnson, CY AF Bowker, J. M. Lim, Siew Hoon Cordell, H. Ken Green, Gary T. Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra Johnson, Cassandra Y. TI Wildland fire, risk, and recovery: Results of a national survey with regional and racial perspectives SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE wildland fire; prescribed fire; fire management ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; ACCEPTABILITY; MANAGEMENT; ATTITUDES; VALUES AB We used a national household survey to examine knowledge, attitudes, and preferences pertaining to wildland fire. First, we present nationwide results and trends. Then, we examine opinions across region and race. Despite some regional variation, respondents are fairly consistent in their beliefs about assuming personal responsibility for living in fire-prone areas and believing that residents of such areas should follow government guidelines for managing fire risk. However, we find divergence of opinion on "trusting forest professionals" between African-American and Caucasian people. Across all survey questions related to fire management and public confidence, African-Americans appear to be relatively more concerned than Caucasian or Hispanic people. C1 [Bowker, J. M.; Cordell, H. Ken; Johnson, Cassandra Y.] US Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lim, Siew Hoon] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agribusiness & Appl Econ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Green, Gary T.] Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rideout-Hanzak, Sandra] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Bowker, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mbowker@fs.fed.us; sew.lim@ndsu.edu; kcordell@fs.fed.us; ggreen@warnell.uga.edu; sandra.rideout-hanzak@ttu.edu; cjohnson09@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 106 IS 5 BP 268 EP 276 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 343KG UT WOS:000258851600004 ER PT J AU Li, H Cunha, CW Davies, CJ Gailbreath, KL Knowles, DP Oaks, JL Taus, NS AF Li, Hong Cunha, Cristina W. Davies, Christopher J. Gailbreath, Katherine L. Knowles, Donald P. Oaks, J. Lindsay Taus, Naomi S. TI Ovine herpesvirus 2 replicates initially in the lung of experimentally infected sheep SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; BISON BISON-BISON; NASAL SECRETIONS; INTRANASAL INOCULATION; CATTLE; PCR; TRANSMISSION; RUMINANTS AB Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), a rhadinovirus in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, is the causative agent of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), a frequently fatal lymphoproliferative disease primarily of ruminants worldwide. Inability to propagate the virus in vitro has made it difficult to study OvHV-2 replication. Aerosol inoculation of sheep with OvHV-2 from nasal secretions collected from naturally infected sheep during shedding episodes results in infection of naive sheep, providing an excellent system to study OvHV-2 initial replication in the natural host. In this study, we showed that OvHV-2 delivered through the nasal route by nebulization resulted in infection in all lambs, but no infection was established in any lambs after intravenous or intraperitoneal injection. In nebulized lambs, while it was not detected initially in any other tissues, OvHV-2 DNA became detectable in the lung at 3 days post-infection (p.i.), increased to about 900 copies per 50 ng DNA at 5 days p.i., reached peak levels (similar to 7500 copies) at 7 days p.i., and then declined to an average of 800 copies at 9 days p.i. Transcripts of OvHV-2 open reading frame 25 (coding for the capsid protein), an indicator of virus replication, were only detected in lung tissues, and were positively correlated with OvHV-2 DNA levels in the lungs. In addition, selected immune response genes were also highly expressed in the lung at 5 and 7 days p.i. The data indicate that lung is the primary replication site for OvHV-2 during initial infection in sheep and suggest that viral replication is promptly controlled by a host defence mechanism. C1 [Li, Hong; Cunha, Cristina W.; Gailbreath, Katherine L.; Knowles, Donald P.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Davies, Christopher J.; Knowles, Donald P.; Oaks, J. Lindsay] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM hli@vetmed.wsu.edu NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 89 BP 1699 EP 1708 DI 10.1099/vir.0.2008/000554-0 PN 7 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 324YF UT WOS:000257554600018 PM 18559941 ER PT J AU Schlueter, JA Scheffler, BE Jackson, S Shoemaker, RC AF Schlueter, Jessica A. Scheffler, Brian E. Jackson, Scott Shoemaker, Randy C. TI Fractionation of synteny in a genomic region containing tandemly duplicated genes across Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, and Arabidopsis thaliana SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID EVOLUTION; CONSERVATION; ORGANIZATION; MICROSYNTENY; DIVERGENCE; EXPRESSION; LINEAGES; PLANTGDB; DICOTS; MAIZE AB Extended comparison of gene sequences found on homeologous soybean Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes to Medicago truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences demonstrated a network of synteny within conserved regions interrupted by gene addition and/or deletions. Consolidation of gene order among all 3 species provides a picture of ancestral gene order. The observation supports a genome history of fractionation resulting from gene loss/addition and rearrangement. In all 3 species, clusters of N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase genes were identified in tandemly duplicated clusters. Parsimony-based gene trees suggest that the genes within the arrays have independently undergone tandem duplication in each species. C1 [Shoemaker, Randy C.] USDA ARS CICGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schlueter, Jessica A.; Jackson, Scott] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38766 USA. RP Shoemaker, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS CICGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM randy.shoemaker@ars.usda.gov OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 99 IS 4 BP 390 EP 395 DI 10.1093/jhered/esn010 PG 6 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 313SV UT WOS:000256761200007 PM 18316321 ER PT J AU Kelley-Hedgepeth, A Peter, I Kip, KE Montefusco, MC Kogan, S Cox, D Ordovas, JM Levy, D Reis, SE Mendelsohn, ME Housman, D Huggins, GS AF Kelley-Hedgepeth, A. Peter, I. Kip, K. E. Montefusco, M. C. Kogan, S. Cox, D. Ordovas, J. M. Levy, D. Reis, S. E. Mendelsohn, M. E. Housman, D. Huggins, G. S. TI The protective effect of KCNMB1 E65K against hypertension is restricted to blood pressure treatment with beta-blockade SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article ID DIASTOLIC HYPERTENSION; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; ASSOCIATION; SUBUNIT AB Genetic polymorphisms that influence smooth muscle cell contraction and relaxation may affect the response to anti-hypertensive therapy. Our finding of lower blood pressure in the setting of treatment for hypertension, particularly with beta-blockade, in Caucasian KCNMB1-E65K carriers in two community cohorts has implications for personalization of therapy in hypertension. C1 [Kelley-Hedgepeth, A.; Montefusco, M. C.; Kogan, S.; Cox, D.; Mendelsohn, M. E.; Huggins, G. S.] Tufts Med Ctr, Mol Cardiol Res Inst, MCRI Ctr Translat Genom, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Peter, I.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Kip, K. E.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Levy, D.] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Levy, D.] NHLBI, Ctr Populat Studies, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Reis, S. E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Housman, D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Kelley-Hedgepeth, A (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Mol Cardiol Res Inst, MCRI Ctr Translat Genom, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ghuggins@tufts-nemc.org RI Reis, Steven/J-3957-2014 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL069770, P01 HL077378, P01 HL077378-05, T32 HL069770, HL077378, N01-HC-25195, N01HC25195, T32 HL069770-05] NR 12 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9240 J9 J HUM HYPERTENS JI J. Hum. Hypertens. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 22 IS 7 BP 512 EP 515 DI 10.1038/jhh.2008.23 PG 4 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 315LQ UT WOS:000256881900012 PM 18418400 ER PT J AU Langendoen, EJ Simon, A AF Langendoen, Eddy J. Simon, Andrew TI Modeling the evolution of incised streams. II: Streambank erosion SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID RIVERBANK-STABILITY ANALYSIS; SIEVE RIVER; SEDIMENT; CHANNEL; BANK AB Incision and ensuing widening of alluvial stream channels is widespread in the midsouth and midwestern United States and represents an important form of channel adjustment. Streambanks have been found to contribute as much as 80% of the total suspended load. The location, timing, and magnitude of streambank erosion are difficult to predict. Results from field studies to characterize the resistance of fine-grained materials to hydraulic and geotechnical erosion, the impact of pore-water pressures on failure dimensions and shearing resistance, and the role of riparian vegetation on matric suction, streambank permeability, and shearing resistance are used to enhance the channel evolution model CONCEPTS (conservational channel evolution and pollutant transport system). This paper discusses the conceptualization of the above-mentioned physical processes, and demonstrates the ability of the derived model to simulate streambank-failure processes. The model is tested against observed streambank erosion of a bendway on Goodwin Creek, Miss. between March 1996 and March 2001, where it accurately predicts the rate of retreat of the outside bank of the bendway. The observed change in average channel width within the central section of the bendway is 2.96 m over the simulation period, whereas a retreat of 3.18 m (7.4% larger) is simulated. The observed top-bank retreat within the central section of the bendway is 3.54 m over the simulation period, whereas a retreat of 3.01 m (15% smaller) is simulated. C1 [Langendoen, Eddy J.; Simon, Andrew] Agr Res Serv, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Langendoen, EJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 43 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 32 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2008 VL 134 IS 7 BP 905 EP 915 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:7(905) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 314UV UT WOS:000256835600004 ER PT J AU Kuhnle, RA Jia, YF Alonso, CV AF Kuhnle, Roger A. Jia, Yafei Alonso, Carlos V. TI Measured and simulated flow near a submerged spur dike SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID BRIDGE ABUTMENTS; LOCAL SCOUR; CYLINDER; CHANNEL; FIELD; HOLE AB To improve knowledge of the flow and scour processes associated with spur dikes, three-dimensional flow velocities were measured at 2,592 points using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter over a fixed flat bed with a trapezoidal shaped submerged spur dike in a laboratory flume. General velocity distribution and detailed near field flow structures were revealed by the measurements and numerical simulations performed using a free surface turbulent flow model with a k-epsilon closure scheme. The three-dimensional flow separation characterized in this study was found to yield forces on the bed that were significantly different from nonsubmerged vertical obstructions that have been measured in other studies. Values of bed shear stress derived from both measured and simulated values were similar but indicated that local scour would be initiated in one rather than in the two locations of initial local scour measured in previous experiments with a similar flow. C1 [Kuhnle, Roger A.; Alonso, Carlos V.] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Jia, Yafei] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Kuhnle, RA (reprint author), ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM rkuhnle@ars.usda.gov; jia@ncche.olemiss.edu; calonso@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2008 VL 134 IS 7 BP 916 EP 924 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:7(916) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 314UV UT WOS:000256835600005 ER PT J AU Hunt, SL Kadavy, KC Abt, SR Temple, DM AF Hunt, Sherry L. Kadavy, Kem C. Abt, Steven R. Temple, Darrel M. TI Impact of converging chute walls for roller compacted concrete stepped spillways SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASCE World Water and Environmental Resources Congress CY MAY 15-20, 2005 CL Anchorage, AK AB A study utilizing a three-dimensional, 1:22 scale, physical model was conducted to evaluate the flow characteristics in the spillway with varying training wall convergence angles. The wall height required to contain the flow for conditions tested varied from critical depth at a 15 degrees convergence angle to three times the critical depth at a 52 degrees convergence angle. The results of the study may be used to estimate minimum training wall height for conditions where bulking due to air entrainment may reasonably be neglected. C1 [Hunt, Sherry L.; Kadavy, Kem C.; Temple, Darrel M.] USDA ARS, Hydraul Engn Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Abt, Steven R.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Hunt, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydraul Engn Res Unit, 1301 N Western, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM sherry.hunt@ars.usda.gov; kem.kadavy@ars.usda.gov; sabt@engr.colostate.edu; darrel.temple@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2008 VL 134 IS 7 BP 1000 EP 1003 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:7(1000) PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 314UV UT WOS:000256835600013 ER PT J AU Kim, NW Chung, IM Won, YS Arnold, JG AF Kim, Nam Won Chung, Il Moon Won, Yoo Seung Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI Development and application of the integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE SWAT; MODFLOW; HRU-cell conversion interface; river-aquifer interaction; groundwater recharge/discharge ID KANSAS; RECHARGE; BASIN; FLOW; TOOL; USA AB This paper suggests a new approach for integrating the quasi-distributed watershed model, SWAT, with the fully-distributed ground-water model, MODFLOW. Since the SWAT model has semi-distributed features, its groundwater component does not consider distributed parameters such as hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient. In generating a detailed representation of groundwater recharge, it is equally difficult to calculate the head distribution and the distributed pumping rate. In order to solve this problem a method is proposed whereby the characteristics of the hydrologic response units (HRUs) in the SWAT model. are exchanged with cells in the MODFLOW model. By using this HRU-cell conversion interface, the distributed groundwater recharge rate and the groundwater evapotranspiration can be effectively simulated. By considering the interaction between the stream network and the aquifer to reflect boundary flow, the linkage is completed. For this purpose, the RIVER package in the MODFLOW mode(is used for river-aquifer interaction. This combined modeling is applied to the Musimcheon Basin in Korea. The application demonstrates that an integrated SWAT-MODFLOW is capable of simulating a spatio-temporal distribution of groundwater recharge rates, aquifer evapotranspiration and groundwater levels. It also enables an interaction between the saturated aquifer and channel reaches. This interaction played an important role in the generation of groundwater discharge in the basin, especially during the tow flow period. The advanced water transfer method in SWAT-MODFLOW was successfully tested, and reproduced the distributed drawdown and reduced stream flow by pumping with multiple wells. Therefore, when considering discharge to streams, springs or marshes, the use of this model would be beneficial in planning for the sustainable development of groundwater. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Nam Won; Chung, Il Moon] Korea Inst Construct Technol, Goyang Si 412712, Gyunggi Do, South Korea. [Won, Yoo Seung] River Informat Ctr Han River Flood Forecasting Ct, Seoul 137049, South Korea. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Chung, IM (reprint author), Korea Inst Construct Technol, 2311 Daehwa Dong, Goyang Si 412712, Gyunggi Do, South Korea. EM nwkim@kict.re.kr; imchung@kict.re.kr; yswon@moct.go.kr; jeff.arnold@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 66 Z9 75 U1 10 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 356 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.02.024 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 326FB UT WOS:000257642600001 ER PT J AU Lapointe, SL Evens, TJ Niedz, RP AF Lapointe, Stephen L. Evens, Terence J. Niedz, Randall P. TI Insect diets as mixtures: Optimization for a polyphagous weevil SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diet formulation; mixtures; Diaprepes abbreviatus; Coleoptera; Curculionidae ID DIAPREPES-ABBREVIATUS COLEOPTERA; LYGUS-HESPERUS; CURCULIONIDAE; REQUIREMENTS; VARIABLES; LARVAL; SIZE AB Development or improvement of artificial insect diets can be tedious, convoluted and often under-appreciated. Using n-dimensional mixture designs, we identified a set of response-optimized meridic diets that contain fewer ingredients than the current commercial diet for Diaprepes abbreviatus, a polyphagous weevil pest of the Caribbean and southern U.S. A diet blend optimized to produce maximum adult weight was predicted to produce adult D. abbreviatus that weigh 28% more compared with adults reared on the standard commercial diet. Diet blends that produced greater individual adult weights resulted in lower survival compared with those blends that yielded adults of more modest proportions. In contrast, a simplified high cottonseed meal blend produced smaller adults more similar to field-collected individuals, and produced the greatest number of adults and the greatest biomass at relatively low cost compared with diets that yielded adult weevils of greater weight. We think that many insect-rearing programs would benefit from application of mixture design methods to situations where diet optimization is desired for researcher-selected criteria. This approach is broadly applicable to any problem that can be conceptualized as a mixture problem. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lapointe, Stephen L.; Evens, Terence J.; Niedz, Randall P.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Lapointe, SL (reprint author), ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM stephen.lapointe@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1157 EP 1167 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.04.020 PG 11 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 351ZO UT WOS:000259465000007 PM 18606169 ER PT J AU Cooperband, MF McElfresh, JS Millar, JG Carde, RT AF Cooperband, Miriam F. McElfresh, J. Steven Millar, Jocelyn G. Carde, Ring T. TI Attraction of female Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera : Culicidae) to odors from chicken feces SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EAD; semiochemicals; mosquito olfaction; host-associated volatiles ID MOSQUITO ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; L-LACTIC ACID; NONPREFERRED WATERBUCK HOSTS; HUMAN SKIN EMANATIONS; AEDES-AEGYPTI L.; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MALARIA MOSQUITO; TARSALIS DIPTERA; PREFERRED BUFFALO; COACHELLA VALLEY AB Odors from fresh chicken feces in water elicited upwind flight of host-seeking female Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in a dual-choice olfactometer. Acidification of the slurry of chicken feces and water resulted in increased attraction, whereas alkaline slurries of chicken feces and water controls did not attract female mosquitoes. This is the first reported example of avian fecal odor eliciting upwind flight of female mosquitoes. Headspace odors from acidified slurries were sampled using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coated fibers. Eight volatile aldehydes [(E)-2-decenal, unclecanal, dodecanal, tetradecanal, pentadecanal, hexadecanal, heptadecanal, and octadecanal] identified in the headspace of acidified chicken feces elicited electroantennogram responses from antennae of C. quinquefasciatus females. An improved electroantennogram technique in which four antennae were used in parallel for monitoring the GC effluent is described. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cooperband, Miriam F.; McElfresh, J. Steven; Millar, Jocelyn G.; Carde, Ring T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Cooperband, Miriam F.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Cooperband, MF (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ, Bldg 1398,W Truck Rd, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 USA. EM Miriam.F.Cooperband@aphis.usda.gov NR 67 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1184 EP 1192 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.05.003 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 351ZO UT WOS:000259465000010 PM 18634791 ER PT J AU Lu, S Li, L AF Lu, Shan Li, Li TI Carotenoid metabolism: Biosynthesis, regulation, and beyond SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE carotenoids; isoprenoids; metabolism; metabolic engineering; plastid; regulation ID PROLAMELLAR BODY FORMATION; LYCOPENE EPSILON-CYCLASE; BETA-CAROTENE; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; POTATO-TUBERS; KETOCAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSGENIC POTATO; TOMATO FRUIT; PLANTS AB Carotenoids are indispensable to plants and play a critical role in human nutrition and health. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of carotenoid metabolism in plants. The biosynthetic pathway has been extensively studied. Nearly all the genes encoding the biosynthetic enzymes have been isolated and characterized from various organisms. In recent years, there is an increasing body of work on the signaling pathways and plastid development, which might provide global control of carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation. Herein, we will highlight recent progress on the biosynthesis, regulation, and metabolic engineering of carotenoids in plants, as well as the future research towards elucidating the regulatory mechanisms and metabolic network that control carotenoid metabolism. C1 [Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lu, Shan] Nanjing Univ, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu RI Lu, Shan/C-1977-2008; Lu, Shan/C-3530-2012 OI Lu, Shan/0000-0002-9358-6121 NR 69 TC 102 Z9 110 U1 5 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1672-9072 J9 J INTEGR PLANT BIOL JI J. Integr. Plant Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 50 IS 7 BP 778 EP 785 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00708.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 327CX UT WOS:000257708300003 PM 18713388 ER PT J AU Humber, RA AF Humber, Richard A. TI Evolution of entomopathogenicity in fungi SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebrate-Pathology CY AUG 12-16, 2007 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Sov Invertebrate Pathol DE life histories; nutrition; nutritional habits; systematics; Cordyceps; Cordycipitaceae; Ophiocordycipitaceae ID VERTICILLIUM SECTION PROSTRATA; PHYLOGENETIC CLASSIFICATION; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; MANDUCA-SEXTA; GENUS; REVISION; ENTOMOPHTHORALES; CLAVICIPITACEAE; SEQUENCES; RDNA AB The recent completions of publications presenting the results of a comprehensive study on the fungal phylogeny and a new classification reflecting that phylogeny form a new basis to examine questions about the origins and evolutionary implications of such major habits among fungi as the use of living arthropods or other invertebrates as the main source of nutrients. Because entomopathogenicity appears to have arisen or, indeed, have lost multiple times in many independent lines of fungal evolution, some of the factors that might either define or enable entomopathogenicity are examined. The constant proximity of populations of potential new hosts seem to have been a factor encouraging the acquisition or loss of entomopathogenicity by a very diverse range of fungi, particularly when involving gregarious and immobile host populations of scales, aphids, and cicadas (all in Hemiptera). An underlying theme within the vast complex of pathogenic and parasitic ascomycetes in the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) affecting plants and insects seems to be for interkingdom host-jumping by these fungi from plants to arthropods and then back to the plant or on to fungal hosts. Some genera of Entomophthorales suggest that the associations between fungal pathogens and their insect hosts appear to be shifting away from pathogenicity and towards nonlethal parasitism. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 ARS, USDA, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Humber, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM richard.humber@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 262 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.017 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 323ZI UT WOS:000257486900005 PM 18423482 ER PT J AU Vega, FE AF Vega, Fernando E. TI Insect pathology and fungal endophytes SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebrate-Pathology CY AUG 12-16, 2007 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Sov Invertebrate Pathol DE endophytes; entomopathogens; biological control; fungal ecology ID BASSIANA BALSAMO VUILLEMIN; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS HUBNER; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; ZEA-MAYS; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE; TALL FESCUE; COLONIZATION; CORN; SUPPRESSION; LEAVES AB Fungi that occur inside asymptomatic plant tissues are known as fungal endophytes. Different genera of fungal entomopathogens have been reported as naturally Occurring fungal endophytes, and it has been shown that it is possible to inoculate plants with fungal entomopathogens, making them endophytic. Their mode of action against insects appears to be due to antibiosis or feeding deterrence. Research aimed at understanding the fungal ecology of entomopathogenic fungi, and their role as fungal endophytes, could lead to a new paradigm on how to successfully use these organisms in biological control programs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Vega, FE (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, BARC W, Bldg 011A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Fernando.Vega@ars.usda.gov OI Vega, Fernando E./0000-0001-8103-5640 NR 45 TC 75 Z9 81 U1 4 U2 55 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 277 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.01.008 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 323ZI UT WOS:000257486900008 PM 18406422 ER PT J AU Pelizza, SA Lastra, CCL Becnel, JJ Humber, RA Garcia, JJ AF Pelizza, Sebastian A. Lopez Lastra, Claudia C. Becnel, James J. Humber, Richard A. Garcia, Juan J. TI Further research on the production, longevity and infectivity of the zoospores of Leptolegnia chapmanii Seymour (Oomycota : Peronosporomycetes) SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebrate-Pathology CY AUG 12-16, 2007 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Sov Invertebrate Pathol DE entomopathogenic fungi; saprolegniales; culicidae; infection per os ID AQUATIC FUNGUS-LEPTOLEGNIA; MOSQUITO LARVAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; SAPROLEGNIALES; CULICIDAE; PATHOGEN; DIPTERA; SALINITY AB The effect of temperature on the production, survival and infectivity of zoospores of an Argentinean isolate of Leptolegnia chapmanii was determined under laboratory conditions. Production of zoospores of L. chapmanii in vitro and in vivo upon first and fourth instars larvae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti was studied at three different temperatures. Zoospores from infected larvae were infective to mosquito larvae for 51, 12, and 5 consecutive days when maintained at 25, 35, and 10 degrees C, respectively. Maximum zoospore production in infected fourth-instar larvae was 9.6 +/- 1.4 x 10(4) zoosp/larva at 48 h at 25 degrees C. The average number of zoospores produced by individual fourth-instar Ae. aegypti larvae infected with L. chapmanii was 3.57 +/- 0.46 x 10(5) zoospores during 6 consecutive days at 25 degrees C. Zoospore production in vitro was also affected by temperature with a maximum of zoospores (n = 47,666/ml) produced at 25 degrees C. When zoospores produced in vitro were used as inoculum against Ae. aegypti larvae at 25 degrees C, larval mortality was recorded for 5 consecutive weeks. The encystment process for zoospores took 17-20 min; the germination of cysts (excystment) occurred 5 min after exposure in water to mosquito larvae. The minimal time of contact between zoospores and mosquito larvae to develop infection was two minutes. Infection took place by zoospore attachment onto and then penetration through the larval cuticle or by ingestion of cysts as was confirmed by histological studies. Temperature directly affected infectivity and production of zoospores in vivo and in vitro although L. chapmanii zoospores tolerate a wide range of temperatures. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pelizza, Sebastian A.; Lopez Lastra, Claudia C.; Garcia, Juan J.] Natl Univ La Plata, CONICET, CEPAVE, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Becnel, James J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Humber, Richard A.] USDA ARS Blol Integrated Pest Management Res, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Garcia, JJ (reprint author), Natl Univ La Plata, CONICET, CEPAVE, 2,N 584, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. EM juan@cepave.edu.ar NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 314 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.04.006 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 323ZI UT WOS:000257486900014 PM 18511067 ER PT J AU Bruck, DJ Solter, LF Lake, A AF Bruck, Denny J. Solter, Leellen F. Lake, Amanda TI Effects of a novel microsporidium on the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebrate-Pathology CY AUG 12-16, 2007 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP Sov Invertebrate Pathol DE microsporidium; Canningia; vertical pathogen transmission; pathogenicity; black vine weevil ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS LEPIDOPTERA; NOSEMA-PYRAUSTA; GYPSY-MOTH; POPULATIONS; PYRALIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; PLANTS; LARVAE; HOST AB A newly discovered microsporidium infecting the black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), provisionally placed in the genus Canningia, was studied to determine its impact on O. sulcatus. O. sulcatus populations from several locations were sampled and evaluated for microsporidiosis. A very low prevalence of the disease was observed in all locations surveyed (<3.0%). Laboratory studies were conducted by orally exposing both larvae and adults of O. sulcatus to varying concentrations of Canningia sp. Spores. Larval bioassays at a variety of dosages (0, 10, etc.) were performed to evaluate pathogen infectivity, larval survival and growth. Adult bioassays (dosages: 0, 10, etc.) were performed to evaluate longevity, fecundity and mechanisms of vertical pathogen transmission. Larvae and adults were infected in all spore treatments. Larval growth was significantly reduced at dosages above 10 spores/larva. Adults infected at all dosages experienced high levels of mortality and fecundity was reduced to zero. Greenhouse trials were performed to determine if larvae feeding in soil acquired infections when spores were topically applied as a drench application (0, 10(5), 10(6), 10(7) spores/pot). Established larvae feeding on plant roots in pots developed infections when exposed to drench treatments of 106 and 10(7) spores/pot after 14-21 days. Canningia sp. is an acute pathogen of O. sulcatus infective to both larvae and adults. Topically applied spores also infected larvae feeding on roots in soilless potting media, suggesting the possibility of using this pathogen in a microbial control program. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bruck, Denny J.; Lake, Amanda] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Solter, Leellen F.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bruck, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM bruckd@onid.orst.edu NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 3 BP 351 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.04.009 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 323ZI UT WOS:000257486900019 PM 18539295 ER PT J AU Lockridge, JB Sailors, ML Durgan, DJ Egbejimi, O Jeong, WJ Bray, MS Stanley, WC Young, ME AF Lockridge, Joseph B. Sailors, Mary L. Durgan, David J. Egbejimi, Oluwaseun Jeong, William J. Bray, Molly S. Stanley, William C. Young, Martin E. TI Bioinformatic profiling of the transcriptional response of adult rat cardiomyocytes to distinct fatty acids SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE beta-oxidation; endoplasmic reticulum stress; gene expression ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; DIFFERENTIATION-RELATED PROTEIN; PALMITATE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; NEONATAL CARDIAC MYOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; RODENT HEART; CELL-DEATH; METABOLISM AB Diabetes mellitus, obesity, and dyslipidemia increase risk for cardiovascular disease, and expose the heart to high plasma fatty acid (FA) levels. Recent studies suggest that distinct FA species are cardiotoxic (e. g., palmitate), while others are cardioprotective (e. g., oleate), although the molecular mechanisms mediating these observations are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the differential effects of distinct FA species (varying carbon length and degree of saturation) on adult rat cardiomyocyte (ARC) gene expression. ARCs were initialy challenged with 0.4 mM octanoate (8: 0), palmitate (16: 0), stearate (18: 0), oleate (18: 1), or linoleate (18: 2) for 24 h. Microarray analysis revealed differential regulation of gene expression by the distinct FAs; the order regarding the number of genes whose expression was influenced by a specific FA was octanoate (1,188). stearate (740). palmitate (590). oleate (83). linoleate (65). In general, cardioprotective FAs (e. g., oleate) increased expression of genes promoting FA oxidation to a greater extent than cardiotoxic FAs (e. g., palmitate), whereas the latter induced markers of endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Subsequent RT-PCR analysis revealed distinct time- and concentration-dependent effects of these FA species, in a gene-specific manner. For example, stearate- and palmitate-mediated ucp3 induction tended to be transient (i.e., initial high induction, followed by subsequent repression), whereas oleate-mediated induction was sustained. These findings may provide insight into why diets high in unsaturated FAs (e. g., oleate) are cardioprotective, whereas diets rich in saturated FAs (e. g., palmitate) are not. C1 [Sailors, Mary L.; Durgan, David J.; Egbejimi, Oluwaseun; Jeong, William J.; Bray, Molly S.; Young, Martin E.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lockridge, Joseph B.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Brown Fdn Inst Mol Med, Houston, TX USA. [Stanley, William C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Young, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM meyoung@bcm.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-074259, R01 HL074259] NR 50 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1395 EP 1408 DI 10.1194/jlr.M700517-JLR200 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 313DC UT WOS:000256720300004 PM 18387886 ER PT J AU Guerrero, FD Nene, VM AF Guerrero, Felix D. Nene, Vishvanath M. TI Gene structure and expression of pyrethroid-metabolizing esterase, CzEst9, from a pyrethroid resistant Mexican population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari : Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Boophilus microplus; pyrethroid resistance; metabolic esterase; recombinant protein expression ID SOUTHERN CATTLE TICK; PUTATIVE CARBOXYLESTERASE; PICHIA-PASTORIS; IDENTIFICATION; STRAINS; TRANSCRIPTION; SECRETION; MUTATION AB A population of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) (Acati: Ixodidae), designated Coatzacoalcos, sampled from a ranch near Veracruz, Mexico, was found to possess a high level of resistance to pyrethroid-based acaricides. Bioassay and biochemical and molecular analysis had previously shown that resistance in this population could primarily be attributed to expression of a highly active metabolic esterase designated CzEST9. We cloned and sequenced the entire CzEST9 coding region, including introns and > 1.0 kb upstream from the transcription start site, and we compared the upstream region sequence between individual resistant and susceptible ticks from several populations with different pyrethroid resistance characteristics. In the 1.0-kb upstream region sequence, four variant nucleotides were found, and a TGA trinucleotide occurred as either four, five, or nine tandem repeats. However, none of these promoter region sequence differences could be clearly associated with a pyrethroid-resistant phenotype; thus, we concluded that differences in gene promoter sequence were not responsible for the pyrethroid resistance mechanism in the Cz strain. CzEST9 was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris systems and esterase activity was obtained in recombinant CzEST9 from the P. pastoris system. C1 [Guerrero, Felix D.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Nene, Vishvanath M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM felix.guerrero@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 45 IS 4 BP 677 EP 685 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[677:GSAEOA]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 328AB UT WOS:000257768500012 PM 18714867 ER PT J AU Guerrero, FD Dowd, SE Nene, VM Foil, LD AF Guerrero, F. D. Dowd, S. E. Nene, V. M. Foil, L. D. TI Expressed cDNAs from embryonic and larval stages of the horn fly (Diptera : Muscidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hematobia irritans; expressed sequence tags; insecticide resistance; cytochrome P450; esterase ID IRRITANS-IRRITANS DIPTERA; HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; FLIES DIPTERA; GENE; ESTERASE; DIAZINON; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS AB We used an expressed sequence tag approach to initiate a study of the genome of the horn fly, Hematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). Two normalized cDNA libraries were synthesized from RNA isolated from embryos and first instars from a field population of horn flies. Approximately 10,000 clones were sequenced from both the 5' and 3' directions. Sequence data from each library was assembled into a database of tentative consensus sequences (TCs) and singletons and used to search public protein databases and annotate the sequences. Additionally, the sequences from both the egg and larval libraries were combined into a single database consisting of 16,702 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) assembling into 2886 TCs and 1,522 singleton entries. Several sequences were identified that may have roles in the horn fly's resistance to insecticides. The availability of this database will facilitate the design of microarray and other experiments to study horn fly gene expression on a larger scale than previously possible. This would include studies designed to investigate metabolic-based insecticide resistance, identify novel antigens for vaccine-based control approaches, and discover new proteins to serve as targets for new pesticide development. C1 [Guerrero, F. D.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Dowd, S. E.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Nene, V. M.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Nene, V. M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Foil, L. D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Guerrero, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM felix.guerrero@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 45 IS 4 BP 686 EP 692 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[686:ECFEAL]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 328AB UT WOS:000257768500013 PM 18714868 ER PT J AU Bowling, AJ Vaughn, KC AF Bowling, A. J. Vaughn, K. C. TI A simple technique to minimize heat damage to specimens during thermal polymerization of LR White in plastic and gelatin capsules SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE heat polymerization; immunocytochemistry; London Resin White; preservation of anti-genicity ID IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AB London Resin (LR) White is a commonly used resin for embedding specimens to be used for immuno- and/or cytochemical studies. In some instances, due to either the properties of the specimen or the availability of various reagents and equipment, it becomes necessary and/or more convenient to polymerize LR White using heat rather than chemical accelerators or UV light. It is known, however, that heat can reduce or even eliminate the anti genicity of the tissue being embedded. It is therefore desirable to polymerize specimens at the lowest temperature possible and to remove the specimens from the oven as soon as polymerization is complete. We have developed a technique that provides a visual marker that allows the exothermic polymerization of LR White to be monitored, thus minimizing the amount of time a specimen must stay in the oven while excluding oxygen from capsules of polymerizing LR White. C1 [Bowling, A. J.; Vaughn, K. C.] ARS, USDA, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Vaughn, KC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Kevin.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 231 IS 1 BP 186 EP 189 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02029.x PG 4 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 324CH UT WOS:000257494800019 PM 18638202 ER PT J AU Johnson, WT Anderson, CM AF Johnson, W. Thomas Anderson, Cindy M. TI Cardiac cytochrome c oxidase activity and contents of subunits 1 and 4 are altered in offspring by low prenatal copper intake by rat dams SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DEFICIENT RATS; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; HEARTS; TURNOVER; NUCLEAR; DISEASE; TISSUES; PROTEIN; ADULT; DIETS AB It has been reported previously that the offspring of rat dams consuming low dietary copper (Cu) during pregnancy and lactation experience a deficiency in cardiac cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) characterized by reduced catalytic activity and mitochondrial and nuclear subunit content after postnatal d 10. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the cardiac CCO deficiency was caused directly by low postnatal Cu intake or whether it was a prenatal effect of low Cu intake by the dams that became manifest postnatally. Dams were fed either a Cu-adequate diet (6 mg Cu/kg) or Cu-deficient diet (1 mg Cu/kg) beginning 3 wk before conception and throughout gestation and lactation. One day following parturition, several litters from Cu-adequate dams were cross fostered to Cu-deficient dams and several litters from Cu-deficient dams were cross fostered to Cu-adequate dams. Litters that remained with their birth dams served as controls. CCO activity, the content of the mitochondrial-encoded CCO subunit 1 (COX1), and the content of the nuclear-encoded subunit COX4 in cardiac mitochondria were reduced in the 21-d-old offspring of Cu-deficient dams. COX1 content was normal in the 21-d-old cross-fostered offspring of Cu-deficient dams, but CCO activity and COX4 were reduced. Cross fostering the offspring of Cu-adequate dams to Cu-deficient dams did not significantly affect CCO activity, COX1 content, or COX4 content in cardiac mitochondria of 21-d-old offspring. These data indicate that low prenatal Cu intake by dams was the determinant of CCO activity in cardiac mitochondria of the 21 -d-old offspring and may have led to the assembly of a less-than-fully active holoenzyme. C1 [Johnson, W. Thomas] Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Anderson, Cindy M.] Univ N Dakota, Coll Nursing, Family & Community Nursing Dept, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Johnson, WT (reprint author), Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM thomas.johnson@ars.usda.gov RI Anderson, Cindy/I-3900-2013 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 138 IS 7 BP 1269 EP 1273 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 322AK UT WOS:000257347400002 PM 18567746 ER PT J AU Morin, B Nichols, LA Zalasky, KM Davis, JW Manthey, JA Holland, LJ AF Morin, Brian Nichols, LaNita A. Zalasky, Katherine M. Davis, J. Wade Manthey, John A. Holland, Lene J. TI The citrus flavonoids hesperetin and nobiletin differentially regulate low density lipoprotein receptor gene transcription in HepG2 liver cells SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-B SECRETION; HEPATOCYTE APO-B; ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN-2; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; FATTY-ACID SYNTHESIS; STAR-RUBY SUNRISE; LIPID-METABOLISM; MESSENGER-RNA; LDL RECEPTOR; ORANGE JUICE AB Reduction of plasma cholesterol by citrus flavonoids is associated with effects on specific liver functions related to lipid handling. In previous in vivo studies, polymethoxylated flavones (PMF) reduced plasma cholesterol levels at lower doses than required for flavanones. To delineate hepatic mechanisms that underlie this differential potency, we used HepG2 cells to quantitate effects on expression of the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene. A dose-response analysis showed that 200 mu mol/L hesperetin, a flavanone present as a disaccharide in oranges, increased LDLR mRNA levels 3.6-to4.7-fold of the untreated control. In contrast, nobiletin, a PMF found at the highest concentration in oranges and tangerines, achieved maximal stimulation of 1.5-to 1.6-fold of control at only 5 mu mol/L. Transcriptional regulation of the LDLR gene by citrus flavonoids has been implicated but, to our knowledge, not directly demonstrated. Here, using transfection vector constructs containing the upstream region of the LDLR gene, we show differences in both potency and efficacy in the induction of transcription, with peak stimulation of 5.3- to 7.5-fold of control at 150-160 mu mol/L hesperetin and 3- to 3.8-fold of control at 10-20 mu mol/L nobiletin. Hesperetin sustains induction, whereas nobiletin is inhibitory at high doses, resulting in an inverted-U dose response. The sterol regulatory element (SRE) in the LDLR gene upstream region plays a crucial role, because mutation of this site strongly attenuated induction in response to hesperetin or nobiletin. Thus, citrus flavonoids are likely to act through the SRE-binding proteins, with PMF initially activating these mechanisms at considerably lower concentrations than flavanones. C1 [Morin, Brian; Nichols, LaNita A.; Zalasky, Katherine M.; Holland, Lene J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Med Pharmacol & Physiol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. [Davis, J. Wade] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. [Davis, J. Wade] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Stat, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. [Manthey, John A.] USDA, ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Holland, LJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Med Pharmacol & Physiol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. EM hollandl@health.missouri.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK056822, R01 DK056822-05, R01-DK56822] NR 60 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 138 IS 7 BP 1274 EP 1281 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 322AK UT WOS:000257347400003 PM 18567747 ER PT J AU Veeramachaneni, S Ausman, LM Choi, SW Russell, RM Wang, XD AF Veeramachaneni, Sudipta Ausman, Lynne M. Choi, Sang Woon Russell, Robert M. Wang, Xiang-Dong TI High dose lycopene supplementation increases hepatic cytochrome P4502E1 protein and inflammation in alcohol-fed rats SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID INDUCED LIVER-INJURY; CHRONIC ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; BETA-CAROTENE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROSTATE-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; VITAMIN-A; CELLS; CYP2E1; APOPTOSIS AB Recent in vitro evidence suggests that the antioxidant lycopene can prevent alcolhol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. However, knowledge of possible interactions in vivo between escalating closes of lycopene and chronic alcohol ingestion are lacking. In this study, we investigated potential interactions between alcohol ingestion and lycopene supplementation and their effect on hepatic lycopene concentration, cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) induction, and inflammation. Fischer 344 rats (6 groups, n 10 per group) were fed either a liquid ethanol Lieber-DeCarli diet or a control diet (isocaloric maltodextrin substituted for ethanol) with or without lycopene supplementation at 2 doses (1.1 or 3.3 mg.kg body weight(-1) .d(-1)) for 11 wk. Plasma and hepatic concentrations of lycopene isomers were assessed by HPLC analysis. We examined expressions of hepatic CYP2E1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and the incidence of hepatic inflammatory foci. Both plasma and hepatic lycopene concentrations were greater in alcohol-fed rats than in control rats supplemented with identical doses of lycopene. In contrast, alcohol-fed rats had a lower percentage of lycopene cis isomers in the plasma and the liver compared with control rats fed the same dose of lycopene. Notably, lycopene supplementation at the higher dose significantly induced hepatic CYP2E1 protein, TNF alpha mRNA, and the incidence of inflammatory foci in the alcohol-fed rats but not in the control rats. These data indicate an interaction between chronic alcohol ingestion and lycopene supplementation and suggest a need for caution among individuals consuming high amounts of both alcohol and lycopene. C1 [Veeramachaneni, Sudipta; Ausman, Lynne M.; Choi, Sang Woon; Russell, Robert M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA104932-02, R01 CA104932, R01CA104932]; NIAAA NIH HHS [R01AA12682] NR 49 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 138 IS 7 BP 1329 EP 1335 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 322AK UT WOS:000257347400012 PM 18567756 ER PT J AU Ameho, CK Chen, CYO Smith, D Sanchez-Moreno, C Milbury, PE Blumberg, JB AF Ameho, Clement K. Chen, C. Y. Oliver Smith, Donald Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion Milbury, Paul E. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Antioxidant activity and metabolite profile of quercetin in vitamin-E-depleted rats SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; metabolism; quercetin; rats; alpha-tocopherol ID INCREASE ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ABSORBENCY CAPACITY ORAC; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; DIETARY FLAVONOIDS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; IN-VITRO; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BIOAVAILABILITY; ENZYME; PLASMA AB Dietary antioxidants interact in a dynamic fashion, including recycling and sparing one another, to decrease oxidative stress. Limited information is available regarding the interrelationships in vivo between quercetin and vitamin E. We investigated the antioxidant activity and metabolism of quercetin (Q) in 65 F-344 rats (n= 13 per group) randomly assigned to the following vitamin E (VE)-replete and -deficient diets: (a) VE replete (30 mg alpha-tocopherol acetate/kg diet) control ad libitum (C-AL), (b) VE replete pair fed (C-PF), (c) VE replete+5.0 g Q/kg diet (R-VE+5Q), (d) VE deplete (< 1 mg/kg total tocopherols)+5.0 g Q/kg diet (D-VE+5Q) and (e) D-VE. After 12 weeks, blood and tissue were collected for measurement of plasma vitamin E, quercetin and its metabolites, serum pyruvate kinase (PK), plasma protein carbonyls, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. D-VE diets decreased serum alpha-tocopherol and increased PK activity in a time-dependent manner. The D-VE diet increased plasma protein carbonyls but did not affect MDA. Dietary quercetin supplementation increased quercetin and its metabolites in plasma and liver but did not affect D-VE-induced changes in plasma alpha-tocopherol, PK or protein carbonyls. Plasma isorhammetin and its disposition in muscle were enhanced by the D-VE diet, as compared to the R-VE diet. Conversely, tamarixetin disposition in muscle was decreased by the D-VE diet. Thus, quercetin did not slow vitamin E decline in vivo; neither did it provide antioxidant activity in vitamin-E-depleted rats. However, vitamin E status appears to enhance the distribution of isorhamnetin into the circulation and its disposition in muscle. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ameho, Clement K.; Chen, C. Y. Oliver; Milbury, Paul E.; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ameho, Clement K.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim Sci, Lexington, KY USA. [Smith, Donald] Tufts Univ, Comparat Biol Unit, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion] CSIC, Inst Frio, Dept Plant Foods Sci & Technol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Blumberg, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jeffrey.blumberg@tufts.edu RI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/N-6798-2013 OI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/0000-0002-2341-9328 NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 19 IS 7 BP 467 EP 474 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.06.004 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 318KS UT WOS:000257091100005 PM 17904346 ER PT J AU Dalton, WT Johnston, CA Foreyt, JP Tyler, C AF Dalton, William T., III Johnston, Craig A. Foreyt, John P. Tyler, Chermaine TI Brief report: Weight dissatisfaction, weight status, and weight loss in Mexican-American children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mexican American; overweight; treatment; weight dissatisfaction ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PRETREATMENT PREDICTORS; PEDIATRIC OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; YOUTH; WOMEN AB Objective To assess the association between weight dissatisfaction, weight status, and weight loss in Mexican-American children participating in a weight management program. Methods Participants included 265 Mexican American children recruited for a school-based weight management program. All children completed baseline assessments and changes in standardized body mass index (zBMI) were monitored in at-risk for overweight and overweight children (i.e., 85th BMI percentile) who had been randomized to receive the weight loss intervention (n = 101). Results Participants classified as at-risk for overweight or overweight reported greater weight dissatisfaction than normal weight children. Lower weight dissatisfaction at baseline was associated with greater changes in zBMI at 6 months. Weight dissatisfaction did not change across the course of treatment. Conclusions Mexican-American children whose weight status is greater than normal have greater weight dissatisfaction. Children with greater weight dissatisfaction are less likely to lose weight in a weight management program and weight dissatisfaction remains stable over the course of treatment. C1 [Dalton, William T., III] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Psychol, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Johnston, Craig A.; Foreyt, John P.; Tyler, Chermaine] ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Dalton, WT (reprint author), E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 70649, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. EM daltonw@etsu.edu NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-8693 J9 J PEDIATR PSYCHOL JI J. Pediatr. Psychol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 33 IS 6 BP 673 EP 677 DI 10.1093/jpepsy/jsm124 PG 5 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 306XT UT WOS:000256282400010 PM 18073232 ER PT J AU Ramirez, P Hernandez, E Mora, E Abraitis, R Hammond, RW AF Ramirez, P. Hernandez, E. Mora, E. Abraitis, R. Hammond, R. W. TI Limited geographic distribution of Beet pseudo-yellows virus in Costa Rican cucurbits SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beet pseudo-yellows virus; BPYV; Crinivirus; Costa Rica ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; 1ST REPORT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; CRINIVIRUS; CLOSTEROVIRUSES; STRAWBERRY; BLACKBERRY; ALIGNMENT; MEMBER AB Beet pseudo-yellows virus (BPYV) was previously found to be associated with severe yellowing and chlorosis in field-grown cucurbits in Costa Rica. To determine the prevalence and molecular variability of BPYV in Costa Rica, leaf samples were collected in 2004 and 2005 from symptomatic cucurbit plants growing in geographically distinct cucurbit-growing regions, and weedy plants growing adjacent to production fields. The samples were tested for the presence of BPYV using RT-PCR with virus-specific primers and nucleic acid hybridization probes specific for genes encoding the BPYV minor coat protein, heat shock protein, and polymerase protein. Several isolates were also amplified using primers spanning an insertion region in RNA1 to examine isolate variability. Our results revealed that (1) BPYV in cucurbits is currently limited to an isolated region of the country, (2) genetic variation in the genes examined among the isolates is very low, and (3) BPYV is present in wild cucurbit and other plant species growing adjacent to production fields containing BPYV-positive cucurbits. C1 [Abraitis, R.] Inst Biotechnol, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Hammond, R. W.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ramirez, P.; Hernandez, E.; Mora, E.] Univ Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica. RP Hammond, RW (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica. EM rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 90 IS 2 BP 331 EP 335 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 333IU UT WOS:000258147000020 ER PT J AU Russo, M De Stradis, A Boscia, D Rubino, L Redinbaugh, MG Abt, JJ Martelli, GP AF Russo, M. De Stradis, A. Boscia, D. Rubino, L. Redinbaugh, M. G. Abt, J. J. Martelli, G. P. TI Molecular and ultrastructural properties of Maize white line mosaic virus SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE maize; Tombusviridae; Aureusvirus; sequencing; cytopathology; serology ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; REPLICATION; ALIGNMENT; BIOLOGY AB This paper reports the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of Maize white line mosaic virus (MWLMV) and describes the ultrastructural features of infected maize cells. The viral genome is an RNA molecule 4293 nt in size with the same structural organization of members of the Aureusvirus and Tombusvirus genera. It comprises five ORFs flanked by non-coding regions at the 5' (40 nts) and 3' (225 nts) ends which encode, in the 5'-3' direction, proteins with predicted Mr of 30,009 (pre-readthrough), 89,140 (readthrough, replication-associated proteins), 35,080 (coat protein), 24,644 (movement protein), and 15,155 (silencing suppressor). Some of ultrastructural features of MWLMV-infected cells, e.g. lobate nuclei, localization of virus particles in tonoplast evaginations bulging into the vacuoles, plentiful occurence of virions and of aggregates of virus coat protein in the cytosol, intramitochondrial patches of electron-dense material, tallied with those reported for a number of members of the family Tombusviridae. However, differences were observed with the cytopathology of the aureusvirus Johnsongrass chlorotic streak mosaic virus (JCSMV) which is the viral species more closely related to MWLMV from the molecular point of view. MWLMV was serologically unrelated to JCSMV, Pothos latent virus (PoLV), the type species of the Aureusvirus genus, and Maize necrotic streak virus (MNeSV), another maize pathogen with similar biological properties, belonging in the family Tombusviridae. In a phylogenetic tree constructed with whole genome sequences, MWLMV clustered with all members of the genus Aureusvirus. Thus, properties and phylogenetic relationships place MWLMV in the genus Aureusvirus. However, molecular differences with all sequenced species of this genus, the lack of serological relationship with PoLV and JCSMV, and the different cytopathology elicited in infected tissues, suggest that MWLMV be regarded as a separate species. C1 [Russo, M.; De Stradis, A.; Boscia, D.; Rubino, L.; Martelli, G. P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Protez Piante & Microbiol Applicata, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Russo, M.; De Stradis, A.; Boscia, D.; Rubino, L.; Martelli, G. P.] CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Redinbaugh, M. G.; Abt, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.; Abt, J. J.] ARS Corn & Soybean Res, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Martelli, GP (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dipartimento Protez Piante & Microbiol Applicata, Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM martelli@agr.uniba.it RI DE STRADIS, ANGELO/B-2969-2013; Rubino, Luisa/C-4821-2015; Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 OI Rubino, Luisa/0000-0002-2073-2415; NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDIZIONI ETS PI PISA PA PIAZZA CARRARA 16-19, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 1125-4653 J9 J PLANT PATHOL JI J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 90 IS 2 BP 363 EP 369 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 333IU UT WOS:000258147000026 ER PT J AU Brown, TC Kingsley, D Peterson, GL Flores, NE Clarke, A Birjulin, A AF Brown, Thomas C. Kingsley, David Peterson, George L. Flores, Nicholas E. Clarke, Andrea Birjulin, Andrej TI Reliability of individual valuations of public and private goods: Choice consistency, response time, and preference refinement SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE valuation; reliability; public goods; response time; preference learning ID CONTINGENT VALUES; COMPLEXITY; ERROR; MODEL AB We examined the reliability of a large set of paired comparison value judgments involving public goods, private goods, and sums of money. As respondents progressed through a random sequence of paired choices they were each given, their response time decreased and they became more consistent, apparently fine-tuning their responses, suggesting that respondents tend to begin a hypothetical value exercise with relatively imprecise preferences and that experience in expressing preference helps reduce that imprecision. Reliability was greater for private than for public good choices, and greater for choices between a good and a monetary amount than for choices between two goods. However, the reliability for public good choices was only slightly lower than for the private goods. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brown, Thomas C.; Peterson, George L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kingsley, David; Flores, Nicholas E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Econ, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Clarke, Andrea] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Birjulin, Andrej] OMNI Inst, Denver, CO 80203 USA. RP Brown, TC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2150-A Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM thomas.brown@colostate.edu NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0047-2727 J9 J PUBLIC ECON JI J. Public Econ. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1595 EP 1606 DI 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2008.01.004 PG 12 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 317WW UT WOS:000257052100004 ER PT J AU Dungan, RS AF Dungan, Robert S. TI The Characterization of Trace Metals and Organics in Spent Foundry Sands Over a One-Year Period SO JOURNAL OF RESIDUALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Millions of tons of spent sand, used to create metalcasting molds, are generated by the foundry industry each year in the United States. Not surprisingly, spent foundry sands (SFSs) are an excellent substitute for virgin sands that are currently used in manufactured soils and geotechnical applications. The purpose of this study was to characterize trace metals and EPA-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phenolics in ferrous and non-ferrous SFSs over a one-year period. Overall, the total metal concentrations in the SFSs were similar to those found in native soils, while the PAHs and phenolic concentrations were relatively low. Metal leaching tests were also performed, which revealed that the SFSs have a low metal leaching potential under the specific test conditions. The data from this study suggests that the majority of SFSs are not hazardous in nature, except those that use olivine sands or are from brass foundries, due to the presence of elevated concentrations of Ni or Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively. This information will be useful to environmental regulators who are considering including SFSs in their beneficial use regulations. C1 USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 North,3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA SN 1544-8053 J9 J RESIDUALS SCI TECH JI J. Residuals Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 111 EP 125 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 383YK UT WOS:000261710200001 ER PT J AU Dreesen, DR Fenchel, GA AF Dreesen, David R. Fenchel, Gregory A. TI Deep-planting methods that require minimal or no irrigation to establish riparian trees and shrubs in the Southwest SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dreesen, David R.; Fenchel, Gregory A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Los Lunas Plat Mat Ctr, Los Lunas, NM USA. RP Dreesen, DR (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Los Lunas Plat Mat Ctr, Los Lunas, NM USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 129A EP 133A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700013 ER PT J AU Bonta, JV AF Bonta, James V. TI Drop-box weir for measuring flow rates under extreme flow conditions SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article RP Bonta, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Appalachian Expt Watershed, Coshocton, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 134A EP 134A PG 1 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700014 ER PT J AU Gordon, LM Bennett, SJ Alonso, CV Bingner, RL AF Gordon, L. M. Bennett, S. J. Alonso, C. V. Bingner, R. L. TI Modeling long-term soil losses on agricultural fields due to ephemeral gully erosion SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation practices; ephemeral gully erosion; tillage erosion; watershed modeling ID CONCENTRATED-FLOW EROSION; LOESS-DERIVED SOIL; PREDICTION; CROPLAND; WATER; RESISTANCE; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; RUNOFF; RATES AB It is now recognized worldwide that soil erosion oil agricultural fields due to ephemeral gullies may be greater than those losses attributed to sheet and rill erosion processes. Yet it is not known whether the common practice of repairing or obliterating these gullies during annual tillage activities exacerbates or mitigates soil losses over long time periods. Here, a numerical model is used to demonstrate the potential effects of annual tillage oil cumulative soil losses from four geographic regions plagued by ephemeral gullies as compared,to no-till conditions where the gullies are free to grow and evolve over time and space. Historical precipitation data and field measurements were compiled for specific sites in Belgium, Mississippi, Iowa, and Georgia, and the model. simulated ephemeral gully development and evolution during the growing seasons over a continuous 10-year period. When agricultural fields are not tilled annually, the simulations suggest that gullies attain their maximum dimensions during the first few years in response to several relatively large runoff events. During subsequent runoff events, the gullies no longer erode their channels significantly, and soil losses due to gully erosion decrease markedly. When agricultural fields are tilled annually, the ephemeral gully channels are reactivated, thus causing significant soil losses each year in response to runoff events. Over the 10-year simulation, the modeling results suggest that erosion rates in these four geographic regions call be 250% to 450% greater when gullies are tilled and reactivated annually as opposed to the no-till condition. These results reveal that routine filling of ephemeral gully channels during tillage practices may result in markedly higher rates of soil loss as compared to allowing these gullies to persist oil I the; landscape, demonstrating a further advantage of adopting no-till management practices. C1 [Gordon, L. M.; Bennett, S. J.] SUNY Coll Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. [Alonso, C. V.; Bingner, R. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Gordon, LM (reprint author), SUNY Coll Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 25 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 173 EP 181 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700016 ER PT J AU Hubbard, RK Bosch, DD Marshall, LK Strickland, TC Rowland, D Griffin, TS Honeycutt, CW Albrecht, SL Sistani, KR Torbert, HA Wienhold, BJ Woodbury, BL Powell, JM AF Hubbard, R. K. Bosch, D. D. Marshall, L. K. Strickland, T. C. Rowland, D. Griffin, T. S. Honeycutt, C. W. Albrecht, S. L. Sistani, K. R. Torbert, H. A. Wienhold, B. J. Woodbury, B. L. Powell, J. M. TI Nitrogen mineralization from broiler litter applied to southeastern Coastal Plain soils SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE ammonium; broiler litter; nitrate; nitrogen mineralization; southeastern Coastal Plain soils; water quality ID POULTRY LITTER; NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION; AVAILABLE NITROGEN; MANURE NITROGEN; PLANT UPTAKE; TEMPERATURE; WATER; NITRIFICATION; SLURRY; TEXTURE AB A. field study was conducted to determine nitrogen (N) mineralization from broiler litter (BL) in two Coastal Plain sods of differing texture, sandy (Tifton loamy sand) or clayey (Greenville sandy clay loam). These soils represented the broad range in surface textures commonly found in soils used for agricultural production in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Published protocols used for the study were designed by the ARS mineralization team. In addition to measuring ammonium (NH4-N) and nitrate (NO3-N) in the soil as a measure of N mineralization, both total C and total N were measured to determine the impact of a single BL amendment on C sequestration and N accumulation. Amounts of N in the soil from BL mineralization over 70 days were identical for both soils, 46.4 mg N kg(-1) soil (0.046%), but differences occurred in timing of the mineralization processes. In the sandy Tifton soil, depletion of NH4-N and nitrification of the NH4-N to NO3-N occurred simultaneously. The NH4-N from the BL was depleted in 21 days while peak NO3-N concentrations in the soil were found at 28 days. In the clayey Greenville soil, NH4-N concentrations from BL mineralization increased for, 21 days and then decreased until reaching background levels by 70 days. Nitrate concentrations never did increase in the BL amended Greenville soil, indicating both that the nitrification rate was much slower than the ammonification rate, and most likely, that what NO3-N was produced was lost from the soil by denitrification under wet conditions. The combination of soil textural and microclimate differences along with greater protection of the BL residues in the clayey soil than in the sandy soil are believed responsible for the observed N mineralization differences between the two soils. Previous research has shown that N mineralization rate is positively correlated with sand content and negatively correlated with clay. content of soils, and the results of this study concurred with those findings. Measurements of total C and total N in both Coastal Plain soils showed that overall increases were small with a single BL amendment, and it was concluded that long-term studies are needed to investigate C, sequestration and N accumulation. It was concluded from the study that there is a high probability that BL mineralization rates will be significantly slower on the more clayey Coastal Plain soils than on very sandy ones, and that farm managers should take these rates into consideration when planning timing and amounts of BL applications. C1 [Hubbard, R. K.; Bosch, D. D.; Marshall, L. K.; Strickland, T. C.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Griffin, T. S.; Honeycutt, C. W.] USDA ARS, Orono, ME USA. [Rowland, D.] USDA ARS, Dawson, GA USA. [Albrecht, S. L.] USDA ARS, Pendleton, OR USA. [Sistani, K. R.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Torbert, H. A.] USDA ARS, Auburn, AL USA. [Wienhold, B. J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Woodbury, B. L.] USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Powell, J. M.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. RP Hubbard, RK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. OI Strickland, Timothy/0000-0001-6889-503X NR 41 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 182 EP 192 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700017 ER PT J AU Garcia, AM Veith, TL Kleinman, PJA Rotz, CA Saporito, LS AF Garcia, A. M. Veith, T. L. Kleinman, P. J. A. Rotz, C. A. Saporito, L. S. TI Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE farm-scale modeling; phosphorus; scale effects; water quality ID RUNOFF PHOSPHORUS; DAIRY FARMS; TILLAGE; POLLUTION; NITROGEN; LOSSES AB Plot-scale experimentation can provide valuable insight into the effects of manure management practices on phosphorus (P) runoff, but whole-farm evaluation is needed for complete assessment of potential trade offs. Artificially-applied rainfall experimentation on small field plots and event-based and long-term simulation modeling were used to compare P loss in runoff related to two dairy manure application methods (surface application with and without incorporation by tillage) on contrasting Pennsylvania soils previously under no-till management. Results of single-event rainfall experiments indicated that average dissolved reactive P losses in runoff from manured plots decreased by up to 90% with manure incorporation while total P losses did not change significantly. Longer-term whole farm simulation modeling indicated that average dissolved reactive P losses would decrease by 8% with manure incorporation while total P losses. would increase by 77% due to greater erosion from fields previously under no-till. Differences in the two methods of inference point to the need for caution in extrapolating research findings. Single-event rainfall experiments conducted shortly after manure application simulate incidental transfers of dissolved P in manure to runoff, resulting in greater losses of dissolved reactive P. However, the transfer of dissolved P in applied manure diminishes with time. Over the annual time frame simulated by whole farm modeling, erosion processes become more important to runoff P losses. Results of this study highlight the need to consider the potential for increased erosion and total P losses caused by soil disturbance during incorporation. This study emphasizes the ability of modeling to estimate management practice effectiveness at the larger scales when experimental data is not available. C1 [Garcia, A. M.] US Geol Survey, N Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. [Veith, T. L.; Kleinman, P. J. A.; Rotz, C. A.; Saporito, L. S.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Wateshed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. RP Garcia, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, N Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 204 EP 211 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.4.204 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700019 ER PT J AU Dosskey, MG Helmers, MJ Eisenhauer, DE AF Dosskey, M. G. Helmers, M. J. Eisenhauer, D. E. TI A design aid for determining width of filter strips SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE models; nonpoint source pollution; surface runoff; vegetative buffers; water quality; watershed planning ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT MODEL; SOURCE POLLUTION-CONTROL; SIMULATED VEGETATION; RIPARIAN BUFFERS; GRASS FILTERS; SOIL-EROSION; SEDIMENT; FLOW; FILTRATION; PERFORMANCE AB Watershed planners need a tool for determining width of filter strips that is accurate enough for developing cost-effective site designs and easy enough to use for making quick determinations on a large number and variety of sites. This study employed the process-based Vegetative Filter Strip Model to evaluate the relationship between filter strip width and trapping efficiency, for sediment and water and to produce a design aid for use where specific water quality targets must be met. Model simulations illustrate that relatively narrow filter strips can have high impact in some situations, while in others even a modest impact cannot be achieved at any practical width. A graphical design aid was developed for estimating the width needed to achieve target trapping efficiencies for different pollutants under a broad range of agricultural site conditions. Using the model simulations for sediment and water, a graph was produced containing a family of seven lines that divide the full range of possible relationships between width and trapping efficiency into fairly even increments. Simple rules guide the selection of one line that best describes a given field situation by considering field length and cover management, slope, and soil texture. Relationships for sediment-bound and dissolved pollutants are interpreted from the modeled relationships for sediment and water. Interpolation between lines can refine the results and account for additional variables, if needed. The design aid is easy to use, accounts for several major variables that determine filter strip performance, and is based on a validated, process-based, mathematical model. This design aid strikes a balance between accuracy and utility that fills a wide gap between existing design guides and mathematical models. C1 [Dosskey, M. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, So Res Stn, Lincoln, NE USA. [Helmers, M. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Eisenhauer, D. E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Dosskey, MG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, So Res Stn, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 58 TC 27 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 26 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.4.232 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700022 ER PT J AU Faucette, LB Sefton, KA Sadeghi, AM Rowland, RA AF Faucette, L. B. Sefton, K. A. Sadeghi, A. M. Rowland, R. A. TI Sediment and phosphorus removal from simulated storm runoff with compost fitter socks and silt fence SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE best management practice; compost filter socks; phosphorus; sediment ID EROSION; ALUM AB In 2005, the US Environmental Protection Agency National Menu of Stormwater Best Management Practices, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Phase II for Construction Sites, listed compost filter socks as an approved best management practice for controlling storm runoff and sediment OD construction sites. Like most new technologies used to control sediment on construction sites, little has been done to evaluate their performance relative to conventional sediment control barriers, such as silt fences. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine and compare the sediment removal efficiency of silt fence and compost filter socks, (2) to determine if the addition of polymers to compost filter socks could reduce sediment and phosphorus loads, (3) to determine relationships between compost filter media particle size distribution and pollutant removal efficiency and hydraulic flow rate. Simulated rainfall was applied to soil chambers packed with Hatboro silt loam on a 10% slope. All runoff was collected and analyzed for hydraulic flow rate, volume, total suspended solids (TSS) concentration and load, turbidity and total and soluble P concentration and load. Based on 7.45 cm h(-1) (2.9 in hr(-1)) of simulated rainfall-runoff for 30 minutes duration, bare soil (control) runoff TSS concentrations were between 48,820 and 70,400 mg L-1 (6.5 oz gal(-1) and 9.4 oz gal(-1)), and turbidity was between 19343 and 36688 Nephelometric Turbidity Units. Compost filter sock and silt fence removal efficiencies for TSS concentration (62% to 87% and 71% to 87%),TSS load (68% to 90% and 72% to 89%), and turbidity (53% to 78% and 54% to 76%) were nearly identical; however with the addition of polymers to the compost filter socks sediment removal efficiencies ranged from 91% to 99%. Single event support practice factors (P factor) for silt fence were between 0.11 and 0.29, for compost filter socks between 0.10 and 0.32, and for compost filter socks + polymer between 0.02 and 0.06. Total and soluble P concentration and load removal efficiencies were similar for compost filter socks (59% to 65% and 14% to 27%) and silt fence (63% and 23%). Although when polymers were added to the filter socks and installed on phosphorus fertilized soils, removal efficiencies increased to 92% to 99%. Compost filter socks restricted hydraulic flow rate between 2% and 22%, while the silt fence restricted between 5% and 29%. Significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between middle range particle sizes of compost filter media used in the filter socks and reduction of turbidity in runoff, however, hydraulic flow rate was a better indicator (stronger correlation) of total pollutant removal efficiency performance for compost filter socks and should be considered as a new parameter for federal and state standard specifications for this pollution prevention technology. C1 [Faucette, L. B.] Filtrexx Int LLC, Decatur, GA USA. [Sefton, K. A.; Sadeghi, A. M.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rowland, R. A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbiol Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Faucette, LB (reprint author), Filtrexx Int LLC, Decatur, GA USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 63 IS 4 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.4.257 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 327VX UT WOS:000257757700025 ER PT J AU Strait, EL Rapp-Gabrielson, VJ Erickson, BZ Evans, RB Taylor, LP Yonkers, TK Keich, RL Jolie, R Thacker, EL AF Strait, Erin L. Rapp-Gabrielson, Vicki J. Erickson, Barbara Z. Evans, Richard B. Taylor, Lucas P. Yonkers, Therese K. Keich, Rob L. Jolie, Rika Thacker, Eileen L. TI Efficacy of a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterin in pigs challenged with two contemporary pathogenic isolates of M hyopneumoniae SO JOURNAL OF SWINE HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE swine; Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; vaccine; mycoplasmal pneumonia; lung consolidation ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; STRAINS; SWINE; SERUM; PCR; HETEROGENEITY; ANTIBODIES; VIRULENCE; DIVERSITY AB Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M hyo) bacterin against two contemporary field isolates of M hyo. Materials and methods: Two challenge studies were performed in which pigs received two doses of either saline (nonvaccinated groups) or an M hyo bacterin (vaccinated groups), followed 3 weeks later by intratracheal inoculation of each pig with one of two M hyo field isolates. Necropsies were performed 28 or 30 days post challenge. Vaccine efficacy was determined by evaluating macroscopic lung lesions, DNA levels of M hyo in bronchial alveolar lavage fluids (BALF), M hyo-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG antibodies, and serum antibodies measured by the Tween 20 and DAKO enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The percentage of macroscopic lung lesions and concentration of M hyo DNA in BALF samples post challenge with either isolate were significantly less in vaccinated than in nonvaccinated pigs (P < .05). M hyo-specific mucosal IgA and IgG antibody levels in BALE were significantly higher in the vaccinated pigs than in the nonvaccinated pigs. Implications: Under the conditions of these studies, fewer M hyo organisms and fewer macroscopic lesions of pneumonia are observed when pigs are vaccinated with an M hyo bacterin prior to challenge with contemporary virulent M hyo field isolates. Vaccination is an effective tool to reduce pneumonia induced by M hyo, although more studies are needed to determine protection against a wide range of field isolates. C1 [Strait, Erin L.; Erickson, Barbara Z.; Evans, Richard B.; Thacker, Eileen L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Rapp-Gabrielson, Vicki J.; Taylor, Lucas P.; Yonkers, Therese K.; Keich, Rob L.; Jolie, Rika] Pfizer Anim Hlth, Vet Med Res & Dev, Kalamazoo, MI USA. RP Thacker, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS, George Washington Carver Ctr, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Eileen.thacker@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC SWINE VETERINARIANS PI PERRY PA 902 1ST AVE, PERRY, IA 50220-1703 USA SN 1537-209X J9 J SWINE HEALTH PROD JI J. Swine. Health Prod. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 16 IS 4 BP 200 EP 206 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 317FI UT WOS:000257004900007 ER PT J AU Baranowski, T Watson, K Missaghian, M Broadfoot, A Cullen, K Nicklas, T Fisher, J Baranowski, J O'Donnell, S AF Baranowski, Tom Watson, Kathy Missaghian, Mariam Broadfoot, Alison Cullen, Karen Nicklas, Theresa Fisher, Jennifer Baranowski, Janice O'Donnell, Sharon TI Social support is a primary influence on home fruit, 100% juice, and vegetable availability SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID VALIDATION; SCALES AB Children tend to eat more fruit and vegetables when more are available in the home. We proposed and tested a model that predicts the availability at home (hereinafter termed "home availability") of fruit, 100% juice, and vegetables, using new measures of frequency of food shopping, purchase, and comparative purchase outcome expectancies (ie, the perceived benefits and costs of purchasing fruit and vegetables), home food pantry management practices, family social support for purchasing fruit and vegetables, food shopping practices, and body mass index (BMI). Participants (N=98) were recruited in 2004 in front of grocery stores and completed two telephone interviews. Cross-sectional hierarchical regression was employed with backward deletion of nonsignificant variables. Despite many statistically significant bivariate correlations between the new variables and home fruit, 100% juice, and vegetable availability, social support was the primary predictor of home fruit availability in multivariate regression. BMI and home 100% juice pantry management were the primary predictors of home 100% juice availability. Social support, BMI, and shopping practices were the primary predictors of home vegetable availability. Social support for purchasing fruit, 100% juice, and vegetables was an important, consistent predictor of home availability. These findings need to be replicated in larger samples. C1 [Baranowski, Tom; Watson, Kathy] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Missaghian, Mariam] Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Broadfoot, Alison] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Psychol, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. RP Baranowski, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St,Room 2038, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tbaranow@bcm.tmc.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 92045, R21 CA092045-01, R21 CA092045, R21 CA092045-02] NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 108 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1235 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2008.04.016 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 321KG UT WOS:000257303000027 PM 18589035 ER PT J AU Falsey, AR Dallal, GE Formica, MA Andolina, GG Hamer, DH Leka, LL Meydani, SN AF Falsey, Ann R. Dallal, Gerard E. Formica, Maria A. Andolina, Gloria G. Hamer, Davidson H. Leka, Lynette L. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Long-term care facilities: A cornucopia of viral pathogens SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE viral infections; long-term care; human metapneumovirus ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTION; NURSING-HOME POPULATION; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; OLDER PERSONS; INFLUENZA-A; OUTBREAK; CORONAVIRUS; RESIDENTS; PNEUMONIA; MORTALITY AB OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency and types of respiratory viruses circulating in Boston long-term care facilities (LTCFs) during a 3-year period. DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: Thirty-three Boston-area LTCFs over a 3-year period. PARTICIPANTS: Residents of long-term care who had previously participated in a trial of vitamin E supplementation and had paired serum samples available for viral analysis. MEASUREMENTS: Viral antibody titers to eight respiratory viruses (influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus serotype three (PIV-3), PIV-2, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and coronaviruses 229E and OC43) were measured using enzyme immunoassay at baseline and 53 weeks. Infection was defined as a more than quadrupling of viral titers. Clinical data on respiratory illnesses were collected throughout the study period. RESULTS: A total of 617 persons were enrolled in the trial. Of these, 382 (62%) had sera available for viral analysis. A total of 204 viral infections were documented in 157 subjects. Serological responses to all eight viruses were documented, with hMPV (12.8%) and coronavirus 229E (10.5%) being the most common and PIV-2 (2.4%) the least common. The occurrence of bronchitis (P=.007), pneumonia (P=.02), and any lower respiratory tract infection (P=.002) was significantly associated with having a viral diagnosis. CONCLUSION: A wide range of respiratory viruses cocirculates in LTCFs and contributes to respiratory illness morbidity in these populations. C1 [Falsey, Ann R.; Formica, Maria A.; Andolina, Gloria G.] Rochester Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. [Falsey, Ann R.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; Leka, Lynette L.; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dallal, Gerard E.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Biostat Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Biomed Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. RP Falsey, AR (reprint author), Rochester Gen Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Med, 1425 Portland Ave, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. EM ann.falsey@viahealth.org OI Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU NIA NIH HHS [1R01-AG13975, P01 AG004390]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI055861-03, R01 AI055861] NR 27 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1281 EP 1285 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01775.x PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 332HJ UT WOS:000258073800017 PM 18557966 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP Godinez-Azcuaga, VF Ozevin, D Hanson, M AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. Godinez-Azcuaga, Valery F. Ozevin, Didem Hanson, Marjorie TI Airborne Ultrasonics for nondestructive evaluation of leather quality SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; POLY(LACTIC ACID); COMPOSITE FILMS; PECTIN AB Our recent research has shown that besides Acoustic Emission (AE), Airborne Ultrasonics (AU) can also be applied for the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of leather quality. Implementation of these methods in the manufacturing process could save a considerable amount of money, decrease the use of chemicals, reduce production time, increase the value of the leather and increase quality. Our previous paper reported a portable AE system for the evaluation of leather quality. This paper discusses the results of research carried out for nondestructive evaluation by AU. Our experiments showed that this novel technique reveals the presence of areas of different acoustic properties, which are an indication of local variations of the leather material properties. This system offers a great potential for testing entire hides in the manufacturing plant. Our research also showed that data can be gathered from different sections of the hide and along different directions with respect to the backbone. Observation also indicated these AU imaging techniques can reveal the presence of defects in the leather created by healed wounds, insect bites, knife cuts or any other physical discontinuity that could affect the leather quality. Scars, insect bites or major defects can be detected electronically, causing the hide or semi-product to be downgraded before it is subjected to any expensive leather making operations, thus saving money in processing time, chemicals, etc. AU testing showed some degree of correlation with the Nissan Shirley Stiffness data, but it Is not as robust as AE with the rolling sensors. Selection of the right AU sensors Is critical to achieve enough penetration in order to extract important information related to the properties of leather such as strength and softness. A better correlation between tensile strength and AU data could be achieved when AU tests are performed on a group of leather samples with the same manufacturing process and surface finish. C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Godinez-Azcuaga, Valery F.; Ozevin, Didem] Phys Acoust Corp, Princeton, NJ 08550 USA. [Hanson, Marjorie] Seton Co, Leather Div, Saxton, PA 16678 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM ChengKung.Liu@ars.usd.gov NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 103 IS 7 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 336RS UT WOS:000258382900002 ER PT J AU Dailey, OD Prevost, NT Strahan, GD AF Dailey, Oliver D., Jr. Prevost, Nicolette T. Strahan, Gary D. TI Synthesis and structural analysis of branched-chain derivatives of methyl oleate SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE allylic bromides; branched-chain fatty acids; DSC; low-temperature properties; NMR; organocuprate reagents ID ALTERNATIVE DIESEL FUELS; ORGANOCOPPER REAGENTS; VEGETABLE-OILS; TEMPERATURE; ESTERS; BIODIESEL; ALKENES; TALLOW; GREASE AB As part of a project to develop new value-added industrial applications for cottonseed oil (such as biodiesel, fuel additives, and lubricants), studies were conducted on the synthetic conversion of oleic acid to branched-chain fatty acid esters. In these studies, methyl oleate was brominated in the allylic position and subsequently treated with organocuprate reagents to produce novel branched-chain derivatives (methyl, n-butyl, phenyl). Original reaction conditions afforded only the branched methyl derivatives as major products. Modification of reaction conditions (lower temperature, less organocuprate reagent) afforded predominantly the desired n-butyl and phenyl derivatives and minimized products resulting from attack on the ester functionality. Details of the syntheses, characterization (especially by NMR), and the properties of the products (with emphasis on low-temperature properties) are discussed. C1 [Dailey, Oliver D., Jr.; Prevost, Nicolette T.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Strahan, Gary D.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Dailey, OD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Oliver.Dailey@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 85 IS 7 BP 647 EP 653 DI 10.1007/s11746-008-1235-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 312HP UT WOS:000256660200009 ER PT J AU Pomper, KW Crabtree, SB Layne, DR Peterson, RN AF Pomper, Kirk W. Crabtree, Sheri B. Layne, Desmond R. Peterson, R. Neal TI Flowering and fruiting characteristics of eight pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] selections in Kentucky SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The North American pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dural] is in the initial stages of commercialization; however, little information has been published concerning flowering and ripening periods of commercially available cultivars. Cultivars with late flowering or extended bloom period could be useful to growers for avoiding crop losses to late spring frosts. The objectives of this study were to determine if mature trees of commercially available pawpaw cultivars display: 1) concentrated bloom periods, 2) late flowering characteristics, 3) high fruit set, and 4) concentrated fruit ripening characteristics that were related to concentrated bloom periods. An orchard was planted in the spring of 1998 in a randomized block experimental design with 8 replicates. In 2004 to 2006, the cultivars 'Middletown', 'Overleese', 'PA-Golden', 'Sunflower','Wells', 'Wilson', 'NC-1'and the advanced selection 2-54 were evaluated for flower number per tree, density, peak, and duration, as well as trunk cross-sectional area, fruit set, days between flower and harvest peak, duration of harvest, fruit weight, yield, and number of fruit per cluster. An extended flowering period or larger flower number did not improve fruit set. Mature trees of commercially available pawpaw cultivars did not display concentrated bloom periods or ripening periods; however, 'Wells' and 'Middletown' did have late flowering peaks (maximum number of flowers) that could allow a partial crop if early spring frosts destroy flowers around or at the flowering peak. However, the average fruit size of 'Wells' and 'Middletown' is small and undesirable for commercial production. C1 [Pomper, Kirk W.] Kentucky State Univ, USDA Natl Clonal Germplasin Repository Asimina sp, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Crabtree, Sheri B.] Kentucky State Univ, Atwood Res Facil, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Layne, Desmond R.] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Peterson, R. Neal] Peterson Pawpaws, Harpers Ferry, WV 25425 USA. RP Pomper, KW (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, USDA Natl Clonal Germplasin Repository Asimina sp, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 89 EP 97 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 333PB UT WOS:000258163300001 ER PT J AU Ryugo, K Stover, E AF Ryugo, Kay Stover, Ed TI Release of hairless kiwifruit 'Eldorado' and 'Nugget', and 'Early Bird' pollinizer for further evaluation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Ryugo, Kay] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. RP Ryugo, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 137 EP 138 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 333PB UT WOS:000258163300006 ER PT J AU Trentham, WR Sams, CE Conway, WS AF Trentham, W. Robert Sams, Carl E. Conway, William S. TI Histological effects of calcium chloride in stored apples SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE triple stain; periodic acid-Schiff's reagent; cuticle; epidermis; exocarp; Malus domestica ID GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; PRESSURE INFILTRATION; EPICUTICULAR WAX; RESPIRATION RATE; PLANT-TISSUE; SALT STRESS; FRUIT; PARAFFIN; DECAY AB Mature apples (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Golden Delicious) were immersed for 2 min in 0, 0.14, 0.27, or 0.41 mol-L-1 (0, 20/0, 4%, or 6%, respectively) aqueous solutions (w/v) of CaCl2 at 0 or 68.95 kPa, and were stored at 0 degrees C. Histological samples of peel/cortex were taken at harvest and at four monthly intervals in storage. Paraffin sections were stained with an aqueous mixture of alcian blue 8GX, safaranin 0 and Bismark brown Y, or with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction. No histological difference was observed in fruit treated with 2% CaCl2 compared with those pressure-infiltrated with greater amounts of Ca. Fruits pressure-infiltrated with 6% CaCl2 exhibited the greatest amount of flattened epidermal cells and hypodermal cavities. Cuticles were also affected at the higher CaCl2 treatment levels (with regard to staining with Bismark brown), becoming more condensed and uniform. Cuticle and hypodermis were stained differentially with PAS in the 6% CaC1(2) treatment. All tissues, including the cuticle, were stained magenta red, indicating a possible chemical alteration of the cuticle and the underlying tissue by Ca. C1 [Trentham, W. Robert; Sams, Carl E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Trentham, W. Robert] Univ Tennessee, Carson Newman Coll, Dept Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Conway, William S.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Prod Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sams, CE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM carlsams@utk.edu NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 487 EP 491 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900002 ER PT J AU Harrison, HF Mitchell, TR Peterson, JK Wechter, WP Majetich, GF Snook, ME AF Harrison, Howard F., Jr. Mitchell, Trevor R. Peterson, Joseph K. Wechter, W. Patrick Majetich, George F. Snook, Maurice E. TI Contents of caffeoylquinic acid compounds in the storage roots of sixteen sweetpotato genotypes and their potetial biological activity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ipomoea batatas; I. pandurata; Fusarium solani; bacteria; caffeic acid; chlorogenic acid; dicaffeoylquinic acid; allelopathy ID IPOMOEA-BATATAS L.; SYRINGAE PV MACULICOLA; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CAFFEIC ACID; CHLOROGENIC ACID; DICAFFEOYLQUINIC ACID; RESISTANCE; PERIDERM; DERIVATIVES; INTEGRASE AB Caffeoylquinic acid compounds are widespread in plants. They protect plants against predation and infection and may have several beneficial functions in the human diet. The contents of chlorogenic acid and the 3,4-, 3,5-, and 4,5- isomers of dicaffeoylquinic acid (DCQA) in the storage root tissues of 16 sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] genotypes were determined. Averaged over genotypes, the contents of the four compounds were highest in the cortex, intermediate in the stele, and lowest in the periderm. Among the genotypes, chlorogenic acid contents ranged from 16 to 212 mu g.g(-1) in periderm, from 826 to 7274 jig-g-in cortex, and from 171 to 4326 mu g.g(-1) in stele. The 3,5-DCQA isomer comprised over 80% of total DCQA. In most genotypes, 3,5-DCQA and chlorogenic acid contents were similar in cortex and stele tissues, but chlorogenic acid was lower than 3,5-DCQA in periderm tissue. Among the 16 genotypes, total DCQA contents ranged from 0 to 1775 mu g.g(-1) dry weight in periderm, from 883 to 8764 mu g.g(-1) in cortex, and from 187 to 4768 mu g-g(-1) in stele. The large differences found in a small germplasm collection suggest that selecting or breeding sweetpotato genotypes with high caffeoylquinic acid content is possible. The four caffeoylquinic acid compounds comprised over 3% of the dry weight of storage roots of the sweetpotato relative, bigroot morningglory [Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Meyer], indicating that it may be a good source for the compounds. The effect of DCQAs isolated from sweetpotato and L pandurata tissue and caffeic and chlorogenic acid standards were tested in proso millet (Panicum milliaceum L.), Fusarium solani (Sace.) Mart., and bacterial growth bioassays. Caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 3,5-DCQA were most inhibitory in millet and F. solani bioassays, but 3,5-DCQA was the least inhibitory compound in bacterial growth bioassays. Their activity in the bioassays suggests that the caffeoylquinic acid compounds contribute to the allelopathic potential and resistance to root diseases of some sweetpotato clones. C1 [Harrison, Howard F., Jr.; Peterson, Joseph K.; Wechter, W. Patrick] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Mitchell, Trevor R.; Majetich, George F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30601 USA. [Snook, Maurice E.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30601 USA. RP Harrison, HF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM howard.harrison@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 492 EP 500 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900003 ER PT J AU Taylor, MD Nelson, PV FrantZ, JM AF Taylor, Matthew D. Nelson, Paul V. FrantZ, Jonathan M. TI Substrate acidification by geranium: Temperature effects SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pH; phosphorus; Pelargonium xhortorum; acid quantification ID NITRATE UPTAKE; PHOSPHORUS; GROWTH; DEFICIENCY; TOXICITY; AMMONIUM; RELEASE; STRESS; BAILEY; PLANTS AB Sudden pH decline (SPD) describes the situation where crops growing at an appropriate pH rapidly (within 1-2 weeks) cause the substrate pH to shift downward one to two units. 'Designer Dark Red' geraniums (Pelargonium xhortorum Bailey) were grown in three experiments to assess possible effects of temperature on SPD. The first experiment tested the effect of four day/night temperature regimes (14 degrees C day/10 degrees C night, 18 degrees C day/14 degrees C night, 22 degrees C day/18 degrees C night, and 26 degrees C day/22 degrees C night) on substrate acidification. At 63 days after transplanting (DAT), substrate pH declined from 6.8 to 4.6 as temperature increased. Tissue phosphorus (P) of plants grown at the highest three temperatures was extremely low (0.10%-0.14% of dry weight), and P stress has been reported to cause acidification. It was not possible to determine if the drop in substrate pH was a singular temperature effect or a combination of high temperature and low P. To resolve this, a second experiment tested a factorial combination of the three highest temperatures from the first experiment and five preplant P rates (0, 0.065, 0.13, 0.26, or 0.52 g-L-1 substrate). Regardless of tissue P concentrations, which ranged from deficient to above adequate, substrate pH decreased with increasing temperature. At 63 DAT, in the 0.065 and 0.13 P treatments, tissue P was deficient and pH decreased with increasing temperature from 5.6 to 4.7 and 5.9 to 4.7, respectively. In the 0.26 P treatment, tissue P was adequate at the lowest temperature and there was no acidification. At the mid- and highest temperatures, tissue P was deficient and statistically equivalent, yet pH decreased to 5.2 and 4.7, respectively. In the highest P treatment, tissue P levels were unaffected by temperature, above adequate, and pH declined with each increase in temperature from 6.5 to 5.0. The results at 63 DAT once more showed that temperature acted independent of tissue P and caused geraniums to acidify the substrate. In the third experiment, the amount of acidity produced by roots of plants grown at the two highest temperatures used in the first two experiments was quantified. Plants grown at the higher temperature produced 28% more acid per gram dry root. The results herein indicate that high temperature can induce SPD by geranium. C1 [Taylor, Matthew D.; Nelson, Paul V.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [FrantZ, Jonathan M.] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Nelson, PV (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Campus Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM paul_nelson@ncsu.edu NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 508 EP 514 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900005 ER PT J AU Taylor, MD Nelson, PV Frantz, JM AF Taylor, Matthew D. Nelson, Paul V. Frantz, Jonathan M. TI Substrate acidification by geranium: Light effects and phosphorus uptake SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pelargonium xhortorum; pH; PPF ID GROWTH; TOMATO; LEVEL AB Sudden pH decline (SPD) describes the situation where crops growing at an appropriate pH rapidly (within 1-2 weeks) cause the substrate pH to shift downward one to two units. 'Designer Dark Red' geraniums (Pelargonium xhortourm Bailey) were grown in three experiments to assess possible effects of light on SPD and phosphorous (P) uptake. The first experiment tested the effect of four light intensities (105, 210, 575, and 1020 +/- 25 mu mol.m(-2)S(-1)) on substrate acidification. At 63 days, substrate pH declined from 6.0 to 4.8 as light intensity increased. Tissue P of plants grown at the highest two light levels was extremely low (0.10%-0.14% of dry weight). P stress has been reported to cause acidification. Because plants in the two lowest light treatments had adequate P, it was not possible to determine if the drop in substrate pH was a direct light effect or a combination of light and P. The second experiment used a factorial combination of the three highest light levels from Expt. 1 and five preplant P rates (0, 0.065, 0.13, 0.26, or 0.52 g-L-1 substrate) to assess this question. When tissue P concentrations were deficient, pH decreased by 0.6 to 1.0 pH units within 2 weeks and deficiency occurred more often with high light intensity. These data indicated that P deficiency caused substrate acidification and indicated the possibility that P uptake was suppressed by high light intensity. The third experiment was conducted in hydroponics to determine the direct effect of high light intensity on P uptake. In this experiment, cumulative P uptake per gram root and the rate of P uptake per gram root per day both decreased 20% when light intensity increased from 500 to 1100 mu mol.m(-2).(S-1). It is clear from this study that P deficiency causes geraniums to acidify the substrate and that high light suppresses P uptake. C1 [Taylor, Matthew D.; Nelson, Paul V.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frantz, Jonathan M.] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Nelson, PV (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM paul_nelson@ncsu.edu NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 515 EP 520 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900006 ER PT J AU Barb, JG Werner, DJ Griesbach, RJ AF Barb, Jessica G. Werner, Dennis J. Griesbach, Robert J. TI Genetics and biochemistry of flower color in stokes aster SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE recessive epistasis; flavonoid biosynthesis; luteolin; petunidin,cyanidin; flavone; albescent; Stokesia laevis ID DIHYDROFLAVONOL 4-REDUCTASE; PETUNIA-HYBRIDA; FLAVANONE 3-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; HEYWOODIELLA-OLIGOCEPHALA; ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; DIANTHUS-CARYOPHYLLUS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; INHERITANCE AB Stokes aster [Stokesia laevis (J. Hill) Greene] is a herbaceous perennial endemic to the coastal plains of the southeastern United States. Anthocyanin and copigment aglycones from flowers were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography. Blue, lavender, violet, and albescent flowers each contained the anthocyanidin petunidin, although albescent flowers contained a substantially smaller amount. Pale pink flowers were found to contain only cyanidin. Anthocyanins and carotenoids were not present in pale yellow flowers of this species. All flowers contained the flavone luteolin. Genetic analysis of F-1, F-2, and BC1 populations suggested that flower color in stokes aster is controlled by at least three loci. F-2 Populations of blue x albescent and blue x pale yellow flowering plants segregated in a 3:1 ratio of blue to albescent or pale yellow flowered progeny, indicating that albescent and pale yellow flower colors were recessive and each controlled by a single locus with two alleles. BC, populations supported these results. We propose the symbols A and Y: AA and YY plants synthesize a normal amount of anthocyanins, aa plants synthesize a reduced amount of anthocyanins, and yy plants do not synthesize anthocyanins. When the two mutant phenotypes (i.e., albescent [aa] and pale yellow [yy] were crossed, the Fis were blue, and the F-2 segregated in a 9 blue:3 albescent:4 yellow ratio, indicating that the recessive locus (y), when homozygous, was epistatic to other loci involved in anthocyanin production (e.g., A), and that the genotypes of the parents used in these crosses were aaYY (albescent) and AAyy (pale yellow). F-1, F-2, and BC1 populations of blue (petunidin) x pale pink (cyanidin) flowering plants revealed that cyanidin production was recessive and controlled by a single locus, P, with two alleles, whereby PP plants synthesize petunidin and pp plants synthesize cyanidin. It was difficult to distinguish albescent- and pale pink-flowered progeny in segregating generations, therefore three genetic models were proposed and tested to determine the genotype(s) (i.e., AApp, Aapp, or aapp) of the pale pink-flowered plants. Based on these analyses, we propose a theoretical biochemical pathway for flavonoid biosynthesis in stokes aster. C1 [Barb, Jessica G.; Werner, Dennis J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Griesbach, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Werner, DJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Campus Box 7522, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dennis_werner@ncsu.edu NR 57 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 569 EP 578 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900013 ER PT J AU Kuhl, JC DeBoer, VL AF Kuhl, Joseph C. DeBoer, Veronica L. TI Genetic diversity of rhnbarb cultivars SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rheum; R. rhabarbarum; culinary; genetic distance; AFLP ID AFLP MARKERS; SSR MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; RELATEDNESS; POPULATION; RAPD AB The genus Rheum L., commonly known as rhubarb, is composed of approximate to 60 species, primarily distributed throughout northern and central Asia. Rhubarb species have been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years; however, it was not until the 18th century that the culinary use of petioles was first reported. Although the origin(s) of culinary rhubarb is not clear, it is thought that they originated from hybridization of rhubarb species originally brought to Europe for medicinal purposes. Most rhubarb cultivars lack pedigree information, and the genetic relationship among cultivars is largely unknown. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were generated for fingerprint analysis of 37 cultivars and four putative Rheum species accessions. Ten EcoRI and Msel primer combinations were analyzed for a total of 1400 scored polymorphisms, with an average of 140 polymorphisms per primer combination. Results show at least two clusters of related cultivars, as well as distantly related accessions. This study provides an estimate of rhubarb cultivar genetic diversity using AFLP analysis. C1 [Kuhl, Joseph C.; DeBoer, Veronica L.] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. RP Kuhl, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. EM ffjck@uaf.edu NR 30 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 587 EP 592 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 330VC UT WOS:000257969900015 ER PT J AU Wilson, JS Griswold, T Messinger, OJ AF Wilson, Joseph S. Griswold, Terry Messinger, Olivia J. TI Sampling bee communities (Hymenoptera : Apiformes) in a desert landscape: Are pan traps sufficient? SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE UV reflective traps; bee diversity; Great Basin; sand dunes ID COLOR PREFERENCES; POLLINATORS; APOIDEA AB Pan traps (colored plastic bowls) are frequently used as an efficient standardized method of sampling bee faunas. We explored the utility of pan traps in three colors compared to net collecting using simultaneous sampling at biweekly intervals throughout the flowering season (May-Sep) at 11 sites in the eastern Great Basin Desert. Pan traps deployed for one day (9:00-16:00) on average captured significantly larger samples than net collections (2 hr.) at all intervals except the latter half of May. Average species richness for net collections exceeded pan traps only during late May and late September, periods with abundant floral resources. Capture rates were similar between colors. The composition of bees was also similar; Sorensen's similarity values exceeded 0.7. Color preferences for pollen specialists did not match flower color of their hosts. There were significant differences in species composition between net collections and pan trap collections. Almost one-third of the species showed a strong bias toward one method and in some cases between pan trap colors. The methods appear complementary: Halictinae and Perdita were predominantly collected in pan traps (85%); three genera, Anthidium, Colletes, Epeolus were largely or entirely detected by netting. Net collecting should be used in addition to pan traps if comprehensive inventories are desired. Though pan trapping constitutes a standardized method that avoids collector bias, it may not be unbiased; capture rates were lowest when flowering plant richness was greatest. C1 [Wilson, Joseph S.; Griswold, Terry; Messinger, Olivia J.] Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wilson, JS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM jwilson@biology.usu.edu; Terry.Griswold@ars.usda.gov; ojmess@siu.edu NR 19 TC 58 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 50 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 81 IS 3 BP 288 EP 300 DI 10.2317/JKES-802.06.1 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 335EF UT WOS:000258272900012 ER PT J AU Springer, TL Arnold, DC AF Springer, T. L. Arnold, D. C. TI Occurrence of the wheat stem maggot, Meromyza americana fitch (Diptera : Chloropidae), in intermediate wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium (host) Barkworth and D. R. Dewey (Poaceae), in Oklahoma SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEED FIELDS C1 [Springer, T. L.] So Plains Range Res Stn, USDA ARS, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Arnold, D. C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Springer, TL (reprint author), So Plains Range Res Stn, USDA ARS, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM Tim.Springer@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 81 IS 3 BP 309 EP 310 DI 10.2317/JKES-709.12.1 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 335EF UT WOS:000258272900014 ER PT J AU Kearns, HSJ Jacobi, WR Burns, KS Geils, BW AF Kearns, Holly S. J. Jacobi, William R. Burns, Kelly S. Geils, Brian W. TI Distribution of Ribes, an alternate host of white pine blister rust, in Colorado and Wyoming SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Cronartium ribicola; currants; gooseberries; invasive species; predictive models ID 1ST REPORT AB Ribes (currants and gooseberries) are alternate hosts for Cronartium ribicola, the invasive fungus that causes blister rust of white pines (Pinus, subgenus Strobus) in the Rocky Mountain region of Colorado and Wyoming. The location, species, and density of Ribes can affect the spread and impact of this potentially serious forest disease. We assessed the distribution and density of Ribes growing near white pine stands for 15 study areas in Colorado and Wyoming with 1258 survey plots of two types, an intensive white pine/Ribes survey and an extensive Ribes survey. Species present, total numbers of steins and bushes, average number of sterns per bush, and average stem length were recorded. Various Ribes species were present in all study areas across a range of elevations. The most frequent and common species were R. cereum, R. inerme, R. lacustre, and R. montigenum. Densities and probabilities of occurrence were related to site variables and varied by Ribes species. The most common predictive variables included type of dominant overstory, elevation, and general plot classification such as riparian area. The predictive information provided can be utilized by tree health specialists for risk rating of forests and in planning white pine blister rust mitigation projects. We expect that other areas in Colorado and Wyoming with similar site characteristics will have similar distributions and densities of Ribes and thus have similar risks to white pine blister rust. C1 [Kearns, Holly S. J.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Burns, Kelly S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Management, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Geils, Brian W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Jacobi, WR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM william.jacobi@colostate.edu FU USDA Forest Service Special Development and Technology Program; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station FX Funding and support for this project was provided by the USDA Forest Service Special Development and Technology Program, USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, and the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 135 IS 3 BP 423 EP 437 DI 10.3159/07-RA-055.1 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 352PU UT WOS:000259510300012 ER PT J AU Kim, LM Suarez, DL Afonso, CL AF Kim, L. Mia Suarez, David L. Afonso, Claudio L. TI Detection of a broad range of class I and II Newcastle disease viruses using a multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Diagnostic; multiplex; Newcastle disease virus; polymerase; real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ID LIVE-BIRD MARKETS; FUSION PROTEIN GENE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; WATERFOWL; OUTBREAKS; SEQUENCE; PCR; RNA AB Prompt detection of virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is challenging because of the broad genetic variability across 2 clades comprising 18 recognized genotypes. A large proportion of class I low virulence ND viruses recently identified in samples recovered from wild birds and from poultry in live bird markets are not detected by the validated real-time RT-PCR assay that targets the matrix gene (M-gene assay). This study describes the identification and sequencing of a conserved region from the polymerase gene of class I NDV and the design and evaluation of a real-time RT-PCR assay (L-TET assay) that identifies a broad range of NDV, demonstrates a 10-fold increase in sensitivity over a previously reported L-gene assay, and works in conjunction with the existing M-gene assay using the same protocol. The L-TET assay detects <= 1 fg of homologous transcribed RNA from genotypes 5, 7, and 8 of class 1, and from class If genotype 11 in either single- or multiplex format. Differential detection of mixed class I and 11 viruses down to 100 fg is possible because L-TET uses an alternate fluorophore from the M-gene assay. The multiplexed assay is capable of detecting a broad range of class I and 11 ND viruses with <1 threshold cycle decrease in sensitivity compared to the single probe. A total of 140 class I (n = 108, genotypes 1-2 and 4-9) and class 11 (n = 32, genotypes I-VII) were correctly identified by both the single- and multiplex formats. C1 [Kim, L. Mia; Suarez, David L.; Afonso, Claudio L.] Anim Res Serv, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Claudio.Afonso@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CRIS [6612-32000-039-00D, 6612-32000-041-01S, 6612-32000-041-04S, 6612-32000-041-06S, 6612-32000-039-03S]; USPEA [332] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Erica Spackman for technical expertise, Dawn Williams-Coplin for technical assistance, and the South Atlantic Area Sequencing Facility for nucleotide sequencing. This work was funded by USDA CRIS project numbers 6612-32000-039-00D, 6612-32000-041-01S, 6612-32000-041-04S, 6612-32000-041-06S, 6612-32000-039-03S, and USPEA (SEPEA #332). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 23 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 414 EP 425 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZW UT WOS:000262135100002 PM 18599845 ER PT J AU Leuwerke, B Kitikoon, P Evans, R Thacker, E AF Leuwerke, Brad Kitikoon, Pravina Evans, Richard Thacker, Eileen TI Comparison of three serological assays to determine the cross-reactivity of antibodies from eight genetically diverse US Swine influenza viruses SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hemagglutination inhibition assay; pigs; serum neutralizing assay; Swine influenza viruses ID UNITED-STATES; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; NORTH-AMERICA; PIGS; H1N2; INFECTION; SUBTYPE; VACCINATION; EFFICACY AB Swine influenza virus is an economically important pathogen to the U.S. swine industry. New influenza subtypes and isolates within subtypes with different genetic and antigenic makeup have recently emerged in U.S. swineherds. As a result of the emergence of these new viruses, diagnosticians' ability to accurately diagnose influenza infection in pigs and develop appropriate vaccine strategies has become increasingly difficult. The current study compares the ability Of subtype-specific commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition (HI). and serum neutralization (SN) assays to detect antibodies elicited by Multiple isolates within different subtypes of influenza virus. Pigs were infected with genetically and antigenically different isolates of the 3 major circulating subtypes within populations of swine (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2). Serum was collected when all pigs within a group collectively reached HI reciprocal titers >= 160 against that group's homologous challenge Virus. The antibody cross-reactivity of the sera between isolates was determined using ELISA, HI, and SN assays. In addition, the correlation between the 3 assays was determined. The assays differed in their ability to detect antibodies produced by the viruses used in the Study. The results provide important information to diagnostic laboratories, veterinarians, and swine producers on the ability of 3 common serological assays used in identifying infection with influenza in pigs. C1 [Leuwerke, Brad; Kitikoon, Pravina; Thacker, Eileen] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA USA. [Evans, Richard] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Thacker, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, NPL, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eileen.thacker@ars.usda.gov FU National Pork Board FX The authors would like to thank Barbara Erickson, Nancy Upchurch, and the Students of the Thacker Laboratory for their assistance in this project. The project was funded by the National Pork Board. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 426 EP 432 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZW UT WOS:000262135100003 PM 18599846 ER PT J AU Ma, WJ Lager, KM Richt, JA Stoffregen, WC Zholi, FH Yoon, KJ AF Ma, Wenjun Lager, Kelly M. Richt, Juergen A. Stoffregen, William C. Zholi, Fanghong Yoon, Kyoung-Jin TI Development of real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies and gene-deleted vaccine viruses SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Differentiating gE-deleted vaccine from wild-type virus; glycoprotein B; glycoprotein E; Pseudorabies Virus; real-time polymerase chain reaction; Suid herpesvirus 1; swine ID AUJESZKYS-DISEASE VIRUS; LATENTLY INFECTED SWINE; FERAL SWINE; GLYCOPROTEIN-I; TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA; PIGS; PCR; DNA; ANTIBODIES; MICROBIOLOGY AB The successful eradication of pseudorabies in U.S. domestic swine was accomplished through the use of glycoprotein E (gE) deleted modified live virus vaccines and an accompanying gE differential enzyme-linked irnmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Yet, pseudorabies virus (PRV) was established in feral swine in the United States, becoming a potential reservoir of PRV for infection of domestic swine and other native wildlife. A critical need for the Current PRV Surveillance program in the United States is the rapid detection of PRV infection. For this reason, a set of 2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays by using TaqMan chemistry was developed and evaluated for their capability in the detection and differentiation of field and vaccine strains of PRV. PCR primers and probes were designed for gB and gE genes of PRV, respectively. The newly developed PRV-specific real-time PCR assays could detect all wild-type PRV isolates from diagnostic submissions and differentiate them front vaccine strains. The analytical sensitivity of the assays was approximately 0.1 plaque-forming units per reaction. The assays were highly specific for PRV, because no positive results were obtained from testing other common swine viral pathogens and other animal herpesviruses. The results of testing samples from domestic and feral swine and from bovine showed that the real-time PCR assays are more sensitive than gel-based PCR. These results demonstrated the potential application of the developed real-time PCR assays as a differential test for rapid and specific detection of PRV in domestic and feral swine, as well as nonporcine species that can be infected with PRV and serve as carriers. C1 [Yoon, Kyoung-Jin] Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ma, Wenjun; Lager, Kelly M.; Richt, Juergen A.] Anim Res Serv, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Stoffregen, William C.] Anim Res Serv, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Yoon, KJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, 1600 S 16th St, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kyoon@iastate.edu FU USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6325-2-0146] FX The authors thank Ms. Deb Adolphson (National Animal Disease Center, ARS, USDA) for technical assistance, Dr. Karen Harmon (Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University) For technical advice in the design of the real-time PCR primers and probes, Dr. Kenneth Platt (College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University) for providing the wild-type PRV, Dr. Sabrina Swenson (National Veterinary Services Laboratory, USDA) for providing tissue samples from PRV field cases, and the staff of the virology section at the Iowa State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory For their assistance in sample collection and laboratory testing. Authors would also like to thank the following biological companies: Pfizer Animal Health, Schering-Plough Animal Health, Intervet Inc., Boehringer-Ingelheim Vetmedica, and Fort Dodge Animal Health for providing the gE-deleted marker vaccines. This project Was Supported in part by funding from a USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement (58-6325-2-0146) and USDA National Animal Health Laboratory Network Cooperative Agreement for CSF Surveillance testing. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 440 EP 447 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZW UT WOS:000262135100005 PM 18599848 ER PT J AU Manning, L O'Rourke, KI Knowles, DP Marsh, SA Spencer, YI Moffat, E Wells, GAH Czub, S AF Manning, Lisa O'Rourke, Katherine I. Knowles, Donald P. Marsh, Sarah A. Spencer, Yvonne I. Moffat, Estella Wells, Gerald A. H. Czub, Stefanie TI A collaborative Canadian-United Kingdom evaluation of an immunohistochemistry protocol to diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; diagnosis; immunohistochemistry; prion ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; PRION PROTEIN; SCRAPIE; SHEEP; PRP; CATTLE; BRAIN; AGENT AB Collaboration was established in 2001 to evaluate a commercially available immunohistochemistry assay kit for the detection of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) disease-associated prion protein in formic acid-treated formalin-fixed samples of bovine brain. The kit protocol was evaluated at the National Centre for Foreign Animal Diseases (Winnipeg, Canada) and the Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge, U.K.). The U.K. laboratory provided paraffin-em bedded blocks of brainstem (medulla oblongata at the level of the obex) from 100 positive cases defined by clinical signs and histopathology., and 100 clinically suspect but BSE-negative samples defined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry with anti-PrP monoclonal antibody R145. The Canadian laboratory provided 400 blocks from surveillance cases defined as clinically Suspect but negative by histopathology and immunohistochemistry with anti-PrP antibody 6H4. Consecutive sections from each block were cut and coded. Each set of 600 slides was immunolabeled and read in each laboratory. Evaluation parameters included estimates of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and reproducibility of the results. The kit performed with 100% sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in spite of minor differences between the laboratories in brain sample areas, fixation and processing, and in the immunolabeling protocol. Although enzyme linked immunosorbent assays are widely used in high throughput surveillance programs, standardized protocols and reagents for manual immunohistochemistry provide a useful adjunct to surveillance efforts, particularly in laboratories testing small numbers of samples or using immunohistochemistry for confirmation and characterization of BSE cases. C1 [Manning, Lisa; Moffat, Estella; Czub, Stefanie] Natl Ctr Foreign Anim Dis, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [O'Rourke, Katherine I.; Knowles, Donald P.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. [Marsh, Sarah A.; Spencer, Yvonne I.; Wells, Gerald A. H.] Vet Labs Agcy, Addlestone, Surrey, England. RP Czub, S (reprint author), Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, BSE Reference Lab, Box 640, Lethbridge, AB T1J 3Z4, Canada. EM czubs@inspection.gc.ca RI Spencer, Yvonne/C-6549-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 504 EP 508 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZW UT WOS:000262135100016 PM 18599859 ER PT J AU Kunkle, RA Nicholson, EM Lebepe-Mazur, S Orcutt, DL Srinivas, ML Greenlee, JJ Alt, DP Hamir, AN AF Kunkle, Robert A. Nicholson, Eric M. Lebepe-Mazur, Semakaleng Orcutt, Dennis L. Srinivas, Megan L. Greenlee, Justin J. Alt, David P. Hamir, Amir N. TI Western blot detection of PrPSc in archived paraffin-embedded brainstem from scrapie-affected sheep SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Paraffin-embedded tissue; prion; scrapie; sheep; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; Western blot ID FORMALIN-FIXED TISSUES; PRION; BSE AB Scrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of adult sheep and goats. one of a group of mammalian diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) or prion diseases. Immunoassays that identify disease-associated prion protein (PrPSc) are integral to the diagnosis of scrapie and other prion diseases. Results obtained by either immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Western blot (WB) assay are generally adequate for the definitive diagnosis. Approved or accepted methods for WB diagnosis of TSEs requires the use of fresh or frozen nonfixed tissue samples, whereas formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue is required for the localization of PrPSc by IHC. Because disparate processing methods are used for these accepted diagnostic techniques, separate tissue samples are collected from the same animal. Occasions arise in which there is either insufficient quantity Of tissue available to complete analysis by both techniques or initial tissue processing is incompatible with one of the assays. Also. results between the assays may differ because of the vagaries of sampling, especially in case material that contains moderate-to-low levels of PrPSc. The present article describes a method to conduct a WB assay from the same paraffin-embedded brainstem sample used for the IHC diagnosis of experimentally induced sheep scrapie. C1 [Kunkle, Robert A.; Nicholson, Eric M.; Lebepe-Mazur, Semakaleng; Orcutt, Dennis L.; Srinivas, Megan L.; Greenlee, Justin J.; Alt, David P.; Hamir, Amir N.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kunkle, RA (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Robert.Kunkle@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 4 BP 522 EP 526 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 389ZW UT WOS:000262135100021 PM 18599864 ER PT J AU Palacios, G Hui, J Quan, PL Kalkstein, A Honkavuori, KS Bussetti, AV Conlan, S Evans, J Chen, YP vanEngelsdorp, D Efrat, H Pettis, J Cox-Foster, D Holmes, EC Briese, T Lipkin, WI AF Palacios, G. Hui, J. Quan, P. L. Kalkstein, A. Honkavuori, K. S. Bussetti, A. V. Conlan, S. Evans, J. Chen, Y. P. vanEngelsdorp, D. Efrat, H. Pettis, J. Cox-Foster, D. Holmes, E. C. Briese, T. Lipkin, W. I. TI Genetic analysis of Israel acute paralysis virus: Distinct clusters are circulating in the United States SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID KASHMIR BEE VIRUS; HONEY-BEE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DENGUE VIRUS; RECOMBINATION; INFECTIONS; INTERFACE; TYPE-1 AB Israel acute paralysis virus (IAPV) is associated with colony collapse disorder of honey bees. Nonetheless, its role in the pathogenesis of the disorder and its geographic distribution are unclear. Here, we report phylogenetic analysis of IAPV obtained from bees in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Israel and the establishment of diagnostic real-time PCR assays for IAPV detection. Our data indicate the existence of at least three distinct IAPV lineages, two of them circulating in the United States. Analysis of representatives from each proposed lineage suggested the possibility of recombination events and revealed differences in coding sequences that may have implications for virulence. C1 [Palacios, G.; Hui, J.; Quan, P. L.; Honkavuori, K. S.; Bussetti, A. V.; Conlan, S.; Briese, T.; Lipkin, W. I.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Kalkstein, A.; Cox-Foster, D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Evans, J.; Chen, Y. P.; Pettis, J.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [vanEngelsdorp, D.] Penn Dept Agr, Bur Plant Ind Apiculture, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Efrat, H.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Entomol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Holmes, E. C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Palacios, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Infect & Immun, 722 W 168th St,Room 1801, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM gp2050@columbia.edu RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; Cox-Foster, Diana/L-1538-2013; Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015; vanEngelsdorp, Dennis/E-7934-2010; OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938; Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 NR 30 TC 68 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 82 IS 13 BP 6209 EP 6217 DI 10.1128/JVI.00251-08 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 316KC UT WOS:000256947300012 PM 18434396 ER PT J AU Ramey, PC Blackwel, BF Gates, RJ Slemons, RD AF Ramey, Paul C. Blackwel, Bradley F. Gates, Robert J. Slemons, Richard D. TI Oral rabies vaccination of a northern Ohio raccoon population: relevance of population density and prebait serology SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE oral rabies vaccination; population density; Procyon lotor; rabies virus; virus-neutralizing antibodies; raccoon; vaccination; V-RG ID SKUNKS MEPHITIS-MEPHITIS; MID-ATLANTIC STATES; PROCYON-LOTOR; VIRUS-VACCINE; NATIONAL-PARK; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; ONTARIO; CANADA; INTERVENTION AB Ohio's oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program was established to prevent the westward spread of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) rabies virus (Lyssavirus, Rhabdoviridae) in Ohio, USA. The program, which targets raccoons, distributes vaccine-bait units (VBU) at a target density of 75 units/km(2). Few studies have examined the relationship of VBU density and target population density to the prevalence of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies (RVNA). We conducted experimental VBU distributions in August 2003 and August 2004, 150 km west of the ORV zone where there was no history of raccoon rabies. We measured change in RVNA titers in blood collected from live-trapped raccoons before and after VBU distributions. A closed population mark-recapture estimate of the size of the target population was 91 raccoons/km(2), compared to the realized VBU distribution density of 70 units/km(2). Surprisingly, 41% of 37 serum samples were RVNA-positive (>= 0.05 IU/ml) before VBU distribution in 2003, but all titers were <0.25 IU/ml. Although viable VBUs were distributed in August 2003, only 21% of 315 samples were RVNA-positive before VBU distribution in 2004, but 9% had titers >= 0.25 IU/ml. Tetracycline (biomarker in bait) prevalence in teeth indicated that 57% of raccoons ingestedVBUs after distribution in 2003, and 54% ingested VBUs after distribution in 2004. However, only 8% and 11% of sera were positive for RVNA (>= 0.05 IU/ml) after VBU distribution in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Only 4-5% of sera collected after bait distribution had titers >= 0.25 IU/ml each year. The standard distribution density of 75 VBUs/km(2) was insufficient to produce a population-wide immunoprotective response against rabies infection in our high-density target population. Presence of RVNA in a presumed naive population before baiting demonstrates that estimating prevelance of RVNA after oral rabies vaccination can be problematic without knowledge of background titers and seasonal changes in prevalence of RVNA before and after baiting. C1 [Ramey, Paul C.; Gates, Robert J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Blackwel, Bradley F.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Gates, RJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM gates.77@osu.edu RI Gates, Robert/D-3888-2013 FU WS National Wildlife Research Center(NWRC); WS National Rabies Program; Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program (W-134-P, Wildlife Management in Ohio) FX Funding for this study was provided by the WS National Wildlife Research Center(NWRC) and the WS National Rabies Program. Additional funding was provided by the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Program (W-134-P, Wildlife Management in Ohio), which was administered jointly by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) Division of Wildlife. Support was also provided by the Ohio State University, School of Environment and Natural Resources, and the Ohio Argicultural Research and Development Center. The CDC provided guidance and laboratory analysis of samples. We thank C. A. Hanlon and C. E. Rupprecht, at the CDC, for their time and effort in coordinating our serologic analyses. We also thank all employees of the NWRC Ohio Field Station and WS Ohio for their help and support during this stud). We extend special thanks to R. C. Beason, J. D. Cepek, J. K. Dierker, D. A. Helon, J. L. Hoblet, E. A. Householder, C. K. Pullins, and J. P. Seman for field assistance; A. J. Montoney and B. L. Hale for flight planning; E. J. Poggiali for logistical assistance; and J. J. Root and B. B. Schmit at the NWRC for sample analysis. We thank S. D. Gehert for critical reviews and advice. The ODNR supplied the Bell jet Range (R), which was piloted by J. Barber. NASA Glenn Research Center's Plum Brook Station generously allowed its to conduct our research oil their facility. The OWC, with direct assistance by F. Lopez and G. Wright, allowed its to conduct serological surveys oil the reserve and provided housing for researchers during this study. R. C. Beason, M. R. Dumbar, S. D. Gehrt, R. G. McLean, J. J. Root, T. W. Seamans, and D. Slate provided advice dining them study and served its reviewers on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 553 EP 568 PG 16 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 340TT UT WOS:000258668600002 PM 18689640 ER PT J AU Pedersen, K Manning, EJB Corn, JL AF Pedersen, Kerri Manning, Elizabeth J. B. Corn, Joseph L. TI Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the Lower Florida Keys SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Florida Keys; Johne's disease; Key deer; Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis; Odocoileus virginianus clavium; paratuberculosis; Procyon lotor; rocoon ID DEER ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; PARA-TUBERCULOSIS; RABBITS; SCOTLAND; CLAVIUM; MAMMALS AB Johne's disease, a fatal and contagious gastrointestinal infection caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), was first diagnosed in an endangered Florida Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) in 1996 and later in six additional key deer deaths from 1998 to 2004. We investigated the geographic distribution of Map in the Lower Florida Keys from february 2005 through May 2006 via collection of blood and fecal pellets from 51 live-captured deer, collection of 550 fecal samples from the ground, and by necropsies of 90 carcasses. Tissue and fecal samples also were submitted from 30 raccoons (Procyon lotor), three fetal cats (Felis catus), an opossum (Didelphis virginiana), and a Lower Keys marsh rabbit (Sylvilagus palustris hefneri). Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was identified in 23 key deer fecal samples collected from the ground, tissue samples from two clinically ill Key deer, and from the mesenteric lymph node of a raccoon. The results of this study indicate that Map persists in the Key deer populaiton and environment at a low prevalence, but its distribution currently is limited to a relatively small geographic area within the range of Key deer. C1 [Manning, Elizabeth J. B.] Univ Wisconsin, Johnes Informat Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Pedersen, Kerri; Corn, Joseph L.] Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Pedersen, K (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Wildlife Dis & Emergency Response Program, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kerri.pedersen@aphis.usda.gov FU US Fish and Wildlife Service and the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc [401815G084]; Biological Resources Division, US Geological Surveym US Department of the Interior [06ERAG0005]; Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture [0696130032CA] FX We give special thanks to I. D. Parker and D. E. Watts for helping to capture and sample all live-trapped deer. Thanks are also due to National Key Deer staff for assistance with field studies, the Johne's Information Center personnel for thorough and careful diagnostic testing of the samples, and to M. K. Keel of SCWDS for histopathology. Funding for this project was provided through Challenge Cost Share Agreement 401815G084 between the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. Additional funds were provided through sponsorship from the fish and wildlife agencies of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Lonisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Puerto Rico, South carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia; through the Federal Aid to wildlife Restoration Act (50 Stat. 917) and Grant Agreement 06ERAG0005, Biological Resources Division, US Geological Surveym US Department of the Interior; and through Cooperative Agreements 0596130032CA and 0696130032CA, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 578 EP 584 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 340TT UT WOS:000258668600004 PM 18689642 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ Saito, EK AF Hall, Aron J. Saito, Emi K. TI Avian wildlife mortality events due to salmonellosis in the United States, 1985-2004 SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian disease; avian mortality; avian salmonellosis; epidemiology; salmonella; songbird fever ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NEW-ZEALAND; BIRDS; TYPHIMURIUM; INFECTION; ENTERICA; NORWAY; HUMANS; OUTBREAK AB Infection with Salmonella spp. has long been recognized in avian wildlife, although its significance in causing avian mortality, and its zoonotic risk, is not well understood. This study evaluates the role of Salmonella spp. in wild bird mortality events in the United States from 1985 through 2004. Analyses were performed to calculate the frequency of these events and the proportional mortality by species, year, month, state, and region. Salmonellosis was a significant contributor to mortality in many species of birds; particularly in passeriness, for which 21.5% of all mortality events involved salmonellosis. The proportional mortality averaged a 12% annual increase over the 20-yr period, with seasonal peaks in January and April. Increased salmonellosis-related mortlaity in New England, Southeastern, and Mountain-Prairie states was identified. Based on the results of this study, salmonellosis can be considered an important zoonotic disease of wild brids. C1 [Hall, Aron J.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Saito, Emi K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Saito, EK (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, VS, Ctr Epidemiol, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM emi.k.saito@aphis.usda.gov NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 21 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 585 EP 593 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 340TT UT WOS:000258668600005 PM 18689643 ER PT J AU Hill, DE Samuel, MD Nolden, CA Sundar, N Zarlenga, DS Dubey, JP AF Hill, D. E. Samuel, M. D. Nolden, C. A. Sundar, N. Zarlenga, D. S. Dubey, J. P. TI Trichinella murrelli in scavenging mammals from south-central Wisconsin, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; carnivores; Mephitis mephitis; Procyon lotor; Trichinella; Wisconsin ID ARTIFICIAL DIGESTION; SYLVATIC TRICHINOSIS; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; GENUS TRICHINELLA; INFECTION; HOST; PIGS; SYSTEMATICS; SPP.; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Tissues and serum from 59 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 42 coyotes (Canis latrans), and seven Striped Skunks (Mephitis mephitis) collected in Dane and Iowa Counties, Wisconsin, USA, between October 2005 and March 2006 were microscopically and serologically examined for the presence of Trichinella spp. Encapsulated larvae were found on compression slides prepared from tongue tissues from a few animals. Complete tissue digestion of tongues revealed that 19% of the raccoons, 26% of the coyotes, and none of the seven skunks tested were infected with Trichinella spp. Cats were subsequently experimentally infected by feeding them the raccoon tissues containing muscle larvae, and muscle larvae isolated from the collected tongues were experimentally transmitted to mice. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis of the isolated muscle larvae demonstrated two distinct bands migrating at 127 base pairs (bp) and 316 bp in all samples, which together are diagnostic for Trichinella murrelli; the isolated were assigned Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS) codes ISS1656 through ISS1667, and ISS1708 through ISS1710 by the International Trichinella Reference Centre. These findings extend the geographic range of T. murrelli into Wisconsin, USA. C1 [Hill, D. E.; Sundar, N.; Dubey, J. P.] USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Samuel, M. D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nolden, C. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zarlenga, D. S.] BARC E, Bovine Funct & Genom Lab, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Hill, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dhill@anri.barc.usda.gov FU US Geological Survey; Wisconsin Trappers Association; Wisconsin Departement of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostics Laboratory FX The authors wish to thank J. McCrary, S. Benedetto, and V. Fournet for their assistanec in the laboratory, and A. Powers, S. Wright, J. Blanchong, and Y. Negari for their assistance with animal dissection. Funding for collection and dissection of animals was provided by the US Geological Survey. Additional support was provided by the Wisconsin Trappers Association, the Wisconsin Departement of Natural Resources, and the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostics Laboratory. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 629 EP 635 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 340TT UT WOS:000258668600010 PM 18689648 ER PT J AU Long, RA Rachlow, JL Kie, JG AF Long, Ryan A. Rachlow, Janet L. Kie, John G. TI Effects of season and scale on response of elk and mule deer to habitat manipulation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cervus elapbus; fuels reduction; manipulative experiment; Odocoileus hemionus; Oregon; utilization distribution. ID RESOURCE SELECTION; PRESCRIBED FIRE; TAILED DEER; FOREST; FORAGE; RANGE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SUCCESSION; HEALTH; CATTLE AB Manipulation of forest habitat via mechanical thinning or prescribed fire has become increasingly common across western North America. Nevertheless, empirical research on effects of those activities on wildlife is limited, although prescribed fire in particular often is assumed to benefit large herbivores. We evaluated effects of season and spatial scale on response of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to experimental habitat manipulation at the Starkey Experimental Forest and Range in northeastern Oregon, USA. From 2001 to 2003, 26 densely stocked stands of true fir (Abies spp.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were thinned and burned whereas 27 similar stands were left untreated to serve as experimental controls. We used location data for elk and mule deer collected during spring (1 Apr-14 Jun) and summer (15 Jun-31 Aug) of 1999-2006 to compare use of treated and untreated stands and to model effects of environmental covariates on use of treated stands. In spring, elk selected burned stands and avoided control stands within the study area (second-order selection; large scale). Within home ranges (third-order selection; small scale), however, elk did not exhibit selection. In addition, selection of treatment stands by elk in spring was not strongly related to environmental covariates. Conversely, in summer elk selected control stands and either avoided or used burned stands proportional to their availability at the large scale; patterns of space use within home ranges were similar to those observed in spring. Use of treatment stands by elk in summer was related to topography, proximity to roads, stand size and shape, and presence of cattle, and a model of stand use explained 50% of variation in selection ratios. Patterns of stand use by mule deer did not change following habitat manipulation, and mule deer avoided or used all stand types proportional to their availability across seasons and scales. In systems similar to Starkey, manipulating forest habitat with prescribed fire might be of greater benefit to elk than mule deer where these species are sympatric, and thus maintaining a mixture of burned and unburned (late successional) habitat might provide better long-term foraging opportunities for both species than would burning a large proportion of a landscape. C1 [Long, Ryan A.; Rachlow, Janet L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Long, Ryan A.; Kie, John G.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Kie, John G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Long, RA (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM longryan@isu.edu RI Long, Ryan/B-6472-2012 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 36 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1133 EP 1142 DI 10.2193/2007-337 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 323NV UT WOS:000257454100011 ER PT J AU Hurteau, SR Sisk, TD Block, WM Dickson, BG AF Hurteau, Sarah R. Sisk, Thomas D. Block, William M. Dickson, Brett G. TI Fuel-reduction treatment effects on avian community structure and diversity SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Arizona; avian community diversity; Fire and Fire Surrogates; ponderosa pine ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; NORTHERN ARIZONA; NESTING SUCCESS; BIRDS; ECOSYSTEMS; FIRE; USA AB We assessed responses of the breeding bird community to mechanical thinning and prescribed surface fire, alone and in combination, between 2000 and 2006 in ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa) forests in northern Arizona, USA. Fuel-reduction treatments did not affect species richness or evenness, and effects on density of 5 commonly detected species varied among species. Populations of some species, such as the western bluebird (Sialia mexicana), increased following burning treatments, whereas others, such as the mountain chickadee (Poecile gambeli), decreased in response to thinning treatments. Our results also identified a temporal response component, where avian community composition and structure changed synchronously on all treatments over time. Given the modest effects these small-scale fuel-reduction treatments had on avian composition and the specific density responses of particular species, our results suggest that land managers should consider implementing prescribed surface fire after thinning projects, where appropriate. C1 [Hurteau, Sarah R.; Block, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hurteau, Sarah R.; Sisk, Thomas D.; Dickson, Brett G.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Educ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Hurteau, SR (reprint author), Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Res Branch, 506 N Grant St Suite L, Flagstaff, AZ 86004 USA. EM shurteauagf@qwestoffice.net NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1168 EP 1174 DI 10.2193/2007-351 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 323NV UT WOS:000257454100016 ER PT J AU Gilsdorf, JM Vercauteren, KC Hygnstrom, SE Walter, WD Boner, JR Clements, GM AF Gilsdorf, Jason M. Vercauteren, Kurt C. Hygnstrom, Scott E. Walter, W. David Boner, Justin R. Clements, Greg M. TI An integrated vehicle-mounted telemetry system for VHF telemetry applications SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE accuracy; electronic compass; error angles; Geographic Information System; Global Positioning System; location error distance; precision; radiotelemetry ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; HOME RANGES; HABITAT USE; RADIOTELEMETRY ERROR; LOCATION ERROR; MOVEMENTS; PARTURITION; MINNESOTA; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL AB We designed and developed a vehicle-mounted very high frequency-based telemetry system that integrated an on-board antenna, receiver, electronic compass, Global Positioning System, computer, and Geographic Information System. The system allows users to accurately and quickly obtain fixes, estimate and confirm locations of radiomarked animals, and immediately record data into an electronic spreadsheet or database. The total cost of materials to build the system was $7,349 (United States currency). Mean error angle of 2.63 +/- 12.1 degrees (SD; range = -33.7-42.2 degrees) and mean location error distance of 128 +/- 91.3 m (SD; range = 0-408 m) suggested precision and accuracy of our system were comparable to other reported systems. Mean time to record 5 bearings/test transmitter was 6.28 +/- 0.24 minutes (SE), which is the most efficient system reported to locate animals in the field. Vehicle-mounted telemetry systems like ours provide additional value to studies that involve tracking highly mobile species because investigators need not take bearings from established receiving stations and because investigators can immediately recognize bounced signals and take additional bearings and optimize accuracy of location estimates. C1 [Gilsdorf, Jason M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vercauteren, Kurt C.; Walter, W. David] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hygnstrom, Scott E.; Boner, Justin R.; Clements, Greg M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gilsdorf, JM (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, USDA, 9001 E Frontage Rd,Suite A, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. EM Kurt.C.VerCauteren@aphis.usda.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1241 EP 1246 DI 10.2193/2007-348 PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 323NV UT WOS:000257454100026 ER PT J AU Baldwin, JR Winstead, JB Hayden-Wing, LD Kreeger, TJ Dzialak, MR AF Baldwin, John R. Winstead, Jeffrey B. Hayden-Wing, Larry D. Kreeger, Terry J. Dzialak, Matthew R. TI Field sedation of coyotes, red foxes, and raccoons with medetomidine and atipamezole SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE atipamezole; Canis latrans; coyote; field immobilization; medetomidine; physiologic response; Procyon lotor; raccoon; red fox; Vulpes vuloes ID WOLVES CANIS-LUPUS; KETAMINE-HYDROCHLORIDE; CHEMICAL RESTRAINT; PROCYON-LOTOR; GRAY WOLVES; YOHIMBINE HYDROCHLORIDE; XYLAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE; ALOPEX-LAGOPUS; VULPES-VULPES; IMMOBILIZATION AB We chemically restrained free-ranging coyotes (Canis latrans), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and raccoons (Procyon lotor) using medetomidine antagonized by atipamezole. All coyotes and 80% of red foxes were sedated with mean +/- standard deviation doses of 0.12 +/- 0.02 mg/kg and 0.14 +/- 0.02 mg/kg medetomidine, respectively. Seventy-seven percent of raccoons were sedated with 0.21 +/- 0.05 mg/kg medetomidine. In all species we observed occasional movement, muscle rigidity, and partial-arousal during sedation. Animals were alert within 4.3-8.6 +/- 3.5-8.4 min following atipamezole at 0.4 mg/kg. Medetomidine and atipamezole provided safe handling in most animals and rapid recovery without use of a controlled substance. At these close's, biologists in the field should be prepared to administer a supplementary dose of medetomidine to some animals depending on ambient conditions and the objectives of the restraint event. C1 [Baldwin, John R.] USDA Tongass Natl Forest, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA. [Winstead, Jeffrey B.; Hayden-Wing, Larry D.; Dzialak, Matthew R.] Hayden Wing Associates, Laramie 82070, WY USA. [Kreeger, Terry J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Wheatland, WY 82201 USA. RP Baldwin, JR (reprint author), USDA Tongass Natl Forest, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA. EM matt@haydenwing.com NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 5 BP 1267 EP 1271 DI 10.2193/2007-395 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 323NV UT WOS:000257454100030 ER PT J AU Gipson, C Hott, MA Brown, P AF Gipson, Chester Hott, Mack A. Brown, Patricia TI A word fro USDA, FDA and OLAW SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gipson, Chester] USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Brown, Patricia] NIH, OER, OD, HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gipson, C (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 37 IS 7 BP 295 EP 295 DI 10.1038/laban0708-295 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 320NR UT WOS:000257242300005 PM 18568005 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Dinsmore, SJ Wunder, MB Dreitz, VJ Knopf, FL AF Augustine, David J. Dinsmore, Stephen J. Wunder, Michael B. Dreitz, Victoria J. Knopf, Fritz L. TI Response of mountain plovers to plague-driven dynamics of black-tailed prairie dog colonies SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Charadrius montanus; Cynomys ludovicianus; disturbance processes; grazing; Great Plains; mixed prairie; semi-arid rangeland; shortgrass steppe; Yersinia pestis ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; VEGETATION; MONTANA; COMMUNITIES; SCIURIDAE; STORY AB Sylvatic plague is a major factor influencing the dynamics of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in the western Great Plains. We studied the nesting response of the mountain plover (Charadrius montanus), a grassland bird that nests on prairie dog colonies, to plague-driven dynamics of prairie dog colonies at three sites in the western Great Plains. First, we examined plover nest distribution on colonies that were previously affected by plague, but that had been recovering (expanding) for at least 6 years. Plovers consistently nested in both young (colonized in the past 1-2 years) and old (colonized for 6 or more years) portions of prairie dog colonies in proportion to their availability. Second, we examined changes in plover nest frequency at two sites following plague epizootics, and found that mountain plover nest numbers declined relatively rapidly (<= 2 years) on plague-affected colonies. Taken together, our findings indicate that available plover nesting habitat associated with prairie dog colonies closely tracks the area actively occupied by prairie dogs each year. Given the presence of plague throughout most of the mountain plover's breeding range in the western Great Plains, important factors affecting plover populations likely include landscape features that determine the scale of plague outbreaks, the distance that plovers move in response to changing breeding habitat conditions, and the availability and quality of alternate breeding habitat within the landscape. C1 [Augustine, David J.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Dinsmore, Stephen J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wunder, Michael B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dreitz, Victoria J.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov RI Augustine, David/H-6167-2011 NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 689 EP 697 DI 10.1007/s10980-008-9230-y PG 9 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 320CI UT WOS:000257210900005 ER PT J AU Lund, ED Chu, FLE Harvey, E Adlof, R AF Lund, Eric D. Chu, Fu-Lin E. Harvey, Ellen Adlof, Richard TI Mechanism(s) of long chain n-3 essential fatty acid production in two species of heterotrophic protists: Oxyrrhis marina and Gyrodinium dominans SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COPEPOD ACARTIA-TONSA; TROPHIC MODIFICATION; PROTOZOAN PARASITE; PERKINSUS-MARINUS; LOWER EUKARYOTES; BIOSYNTHESIS; FOOD; NUTRITION; QUALITY; GROWTH AB As intermediaries, some heterotrophic protists can enhance the content of the long chain n-3 essential fatty acids (LCn-3EFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), of low food quality algae for subsequent use at higher trophic levels. However, the mechanisms that produce LCn-3EFAs are presently unknown, although LCn-3EFA production by heterotrophic protists at the phytoplankton-zooplankton interface may potentially affect the nutritional status of the pelagic system. We investigated whether the heterotrophic protists, Oxyrrhis marina and Gyrodinium dominans, produce LCn-3EFAs via elongation and desaturation of dietary LCn-3EFA precursors and/or synthesize LCn-3EFAs de novo by: (1) feeding the two heterotrophic protists with a prey deficient in n-3 fatty acids, (2) incubating them in medium containing C-13-labeled sodium acetate, and (3) feeding the two protists gelatin acacia microspheres (GAMs) containing a deuterium-labeled LCn-3EFA precursor, linolenic acid [18:3(n-3)-d4]. Both O. marina and G. dominans synthesized EPA and DHA when fed the n-3 fatty acid-deficient prey, Perkinsus marinus, a parasitic protozoan. O. marina, but not G. dominans utilized C-13-labeled acetate from the medium to produce uniformly labeled fatty acids, including DHA. Both heterotroph species consumed GAMs containing 18:3(n-3)-d4 and catabolized 18:3(n-3)-d4 to 16:3(n-3)-d4 and 14:3(n-3)-d4, while no 20 or 22 carbon metabolites of 18:3(n-3)-d4 were detected. These results suggest that O. marina and G. dominans do not elongate and desaturate dietary LCn-3EFA precursors to produce LCn-3EFAs, but rather they produce LCn-3EFAs de novo, possibly via a polyketide synthesis pathway. C1 [Lund, Eric D.; Chu, Fu-Lin E.; Harvey, Ellen] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Adlof, Richard] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chu, FLE (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, PO 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EM chu@vims.edu NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0025-3162 EI 1432-1793 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 155 IS 1 BP 23 EP 36 DI 10.1007/s00227-008-1003-2 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 321TO UT WOS:000257329600003 ER PT J AU Johnson, NA Vallejo, RL Silverstein, JT Welch, TJ Wiens, GD Hallerman, EM Palti, Y AF Johnson, Nathan A. Vallejo, Roger L. Silverstein, Jeffrey T. Welch, Timothy J. Wiens, Gregory D. Hallerman, Eric M. Palti, Yniv TI Suggestive association of major histocompatibility IB genetic markers with resistance to bacterial cold water disease in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial cold water disease; major histocompatibility complex; disease association; linkage disequilibrium; rainbow trout fry syndrome; Flavobacterium psychrophilum ID MHC CLASS-I; PANCREATIC NECROSIS VIRUS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; GENOMIC REGION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; NONCLASSICAL MHC; ORYZIAS-LATIPES; COMPLEX LOCI; TELEOST FISH AB Genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are important for both innate and adaptive immune responses in mammals; however, much less is known regarding their contribution in teleost fishes. We examined the involvement of four major histocompatibility (MH) genomic regions in rainbow trout in resistance to the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD), Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Fish from the 2005 NCCCWA brood-year (71 full-sib families) were challenged with F. psychrophilum strain CSF 259-93. The overall mortality rate was 70%, with large variation in mortality between families. Disease resistance was quantified as post-challenge days to death. Phenotypic variation and additive genetic variation were estimated using mixed models of survival analysis. To examine association, eight microsatellite markers were isolated from MH gene-containing BAC clones and mapped onto the rainbow trout genetic linkage map. The parents and grandparents of the 2005 brood-year families were genotyped with these eight markers and another two markers tightly linked to the MH-IB region to assess the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of MH genomic regions MH-IA, MH-IB, TAP1, and MH-II with survival post-challenge. MH-IB and MH-II markers were linked to BCWD survivability when data were analyzed by family. Tests for disease association at the population level substantiated the involvement of MH-IB, but not MH-II, with disease resistance. The impact of selective breeding for disease resistance on MH sequence variation is discussed in the context of aquaculture production. C1 [Johnson, Nathan A.; Vallejo, Roger L.; Silverstein, Jeffrey T.; Welch, Timothy J.; Wiens, Gregory D.; Palti, Yniv] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Johnson, Nathan A.; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780; Johnson, Nathan/0000-0001-5167-1988 NR 52 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1436-2228 EI 1436-2236 J9 MAR BIOTECHNOL JI Mar. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 10 IS 4 BP 429 EP 437 DI 10.1007/s10126-007-9080-7 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 309BH UT WOS:000256434600010 PM 18274824 ER PT J AU Perry, CD Alekel, DL Ritland, LM Bhupathiraju, SN Stewart, JW Hanson, LN Matvienko, OA Kohut, ML Reddy, MB Van Loan, MD Genschel, U AF Perry, Courtney D. Alekel, D. Lee Ritland, Laura M. Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N. Stewart, Jeanne W. Hanson, Laura N. Matvienko, Oksana A. Kohut, Marian L. Reddy, Manju B. Van Loan, Marta D. Genschel, Ulrike TI Centrally located body fat is related to inflammatory markers in healthy postmenopausal women SO MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE C-reactive protein; fibrinogen; tumor necrosis factor alpha; interleukin-6; interleukin-1 beta; cardiovascular disease ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; HORMONE REPLACEMENT; METABOLIC SYNDROME; DIABETES-MELLITUS AB Objective: C-reactive protein and fibrinogen are established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors. These acute-phase proteins and the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interieukin-1 beta may be elevated in obesity and with menopause. The purpose of this multicenter study was to identify whether centrally located fat and/or overall adiposity were related to these inflammatory markers in healthy postmenopausal women. Design: We used dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to assess overall and regional body composition (fat mass in particular) in 242 postmenopausal women in relation to plasma fibrinogen, serum C-reactive protein, and these proinflammatory cytokines. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that 36% of the variability in C-reactive protein (F = 32.4, P <= 0.0001) was accounted for by androidal fat mass (16.1%, P <= 0.0001), white blood cells (5.6%, P <= 0.0001), and age (2.3%, P = 0.0045). Regression analyses revealed that 30% of the variability in fibrinogen (F = 24.5, P <= 0.0001) was accounted for by white blood cells (3.1 %, P = 0.0015), hip fat mass (2.2%, P = 0.0081), years since menopause (0.9%, P = 0.082), and geographic site (P <= 0.0001). Our results indicated that androidal fat mass and hip fat mass contributed to C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, respectively, whereas we found no association between whole-body or regional fat measures and cytokines. Conclusion: Further study is warranted to determine the responsiveness of these acute-phase proteins and cytokines to loss of body fat through exercise and dietary intervention in postmenopausal women. C1 [Perry, Courtney D.; Alekel, D. Lee; Ritland, Laura M.; Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N.; Stewart, Jeanne W.; Hanson, Laura N.; Reddy, Manju B.] Iowa State Univ, Human Metab Unit, Ctr Designing Foods Improve Nutr, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Matvienko, Oksana A.] Univ No Iowa, Sch Hlth Phys Educ & Leisure Serv, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. [Kohut, Marian L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Genschel, Ulrike] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Alekel, DL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Human Metab Unit, Ctr Designing Foods Improve Nutr, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 1127 Human Nutr Sci Bldg, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM alekel@iastate.edu FU NCCIH NIH HHS [P50 AT004155-06, 95P50AT004155, P50 AT004155]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR019975, UL1 RR024146, 1M01RR19975-01]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR046922, R01 AR046922 A2, R01 AR046922-02]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES012020, P01 ES012020-02] NR 49 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1072-3714 J9 MENOPAUSE JI Menopause-J. N. Am. Menopause Soc. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 15 IS 4 BP 619 EP 627 PN 1 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 324ER UT WOS:000257501000007 PM 18202591 ER PT J AU Britch, SC Linthicum, KJ Anyamba, A Tucker, CJ Pak, EW Maloney, FA Cobb, K Stanwix, E Humphries, J Spring, A Pagac, B Miller, M AF Britch, Seth C. Linthicum, Kenneth J. Anyamba, Assaf Tucker, Compton J. Pak, Edwin W. Maloney, Francis A., Jr. Cobb, Kristin Stanwix, Erin Humphries, Jeri Spring, Alexandra Pagac, Benedict Miller, Melissa TI Satellite vegetation index data as a tool to forecast population dynamics of medically important mosquitoes at military installations in the continental United States SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY-FEVER; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; VECTOR; VIRUS; DISEASES; EPIDEMICS; RAINFALL; AFRICA; KENYA; SAHEL AB The United States faces many existing and emerging mosquito-borne disease threats, such as West Nile virus and Rift Valley fever. An important component of strategic prevention and control plans for these and other mosquito-borne diseases is forecasting the distribution, timing, and abundance of mosquito vector populations. Populations of many medically important mosquito species are closely tied to climate, and historical climate-population associations may be used to predict future population dynamics. Using 2003-2005 U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine mosquito surveillance data, we looked at populations of several known mosquito vectors of West Nile virus, as well as possible mosquito vectors of Rift Valley fever virus, at continental U.S. military installations. We compared population changes with concurrent patterns for a satellite-derived index of climate (normalized difference vegetation index) and observed instances of population changes appearing to be direct responses to climate. These preliminary findings are important first steps in developing an automated, climate-driven, early warning system to flag regions of the United States at elevated risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission. C1 [Britch, Seth C.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Anyamba, Assaf; Tucker, Compton J.; Pak, Edwin W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Maloney, Francis A., Jr.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med W, Fort Lewis, WA 98433 USA. [Cobb, Kristin; Stanwix, Erin; Humphries, Jeri] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med S, Fort Lewis, WA 98433 USA. [Spring, Alexandra; Pagac, Benedict; Miller, Melissa] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med N, Fort George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Britch, SC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 173 IS 7 BP 677 EP 683 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 328CH UT WOS:000257774600012 PM 18700603 ER PT J AU Matson, SE Camara, MD Elchert, W Banks, MA AF Matson, Sean E. Camara, Mark D. Elchert, Will Banks, Michael A. TI P-LOCI: a computer program for choosing the most efficient set of loci for parentage assignment SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE codominant markers; linkage; microsatellite; offspring simulation; parentage assignment; SNP ID OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; MICROSATELLITE DNA MARKERS; NULL ALLELES AB Determining how many and which codominant marker loci are required for accurate parentage assignment is not straightforward because levels of marker polymorphism, linkage, allelic distributions among potential parents and other factors produce differences in the discriminatory power of individual markers and sets of markers. P-LOCI software identifies the most efficient set of codominant markers for assigning parentage at a user-defined level of success, using either simulated or actual offspring genotypes of known parentage. Simulations can incorporate linkage among markers, mating design and frequencies of null alleles and/or genotyping errors. P-LOCI is available for windows systems at http://marineresearch.oregonstate.edu/genetics/ploci.htm. C1 [Matson, Sean E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Shellfish Genet Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Elchert, Will; Banks, Michael A.] Oregon State Univ, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Matson, SE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM matsonse@onid.orst.edu NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 8 IS 4 BP 765 EP 768 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02128.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 324IF UT WOS:000257511600008 PM 21585886 ER PT J AU Wadl, PA Wang, XW Scheffler, BE Rinehart, TA Trigiano, RN AF Wadl, Phillip A. Wang, Xinwang Scheffler, Brian E. Rinehart, Timothy A. Trigiano, Robert N. TI Microsatellites from kousa dogwood (Cornus kousa) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE genomic library; PCR; SSR enrichment ID LIBRARIES AB Microsatellite loci were identified from Cornus kousa 'National'. Primer pairs for 86 loci were developed and of these, eight were optimized and screened using genomic DNA from 22 kousa cultivars. All optimized loci were polymorphic and the number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 17. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0 to 0.3 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.38 to 0.91. These microsatellites will be useful in population studies, and a breeding programme for cultivar development of Cornus species. C1 [Wadl, Phillip A.; Wang, Xinwang; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, CGRU MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Trigiano, RN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rtrigian@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 8 IS 4 BP 780 EP 782 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2007.02062.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 324IF UT WOS:000257511600012 PM 21585890 ER PT J AU Huang, S Zhao, L Kim, K Lee, DS Hwang, DH AF Huang, Shurong Zhao, Ling Kim, Kihoon Lee, Dong Seok Hwang, Daniel H. TI Inhibition of Nod2 signaling and target gene expression by curcumin SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; BACTERIAL PEPTIDOGLYCAN; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; HOST RECOGNITION; CARD15 MUTATIONS; CROHNS-DISEASE; FAMILY-MEMBER; ALPHA-KINASE AB Nod2 is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor that detects a conserved moiety of bacterial peptidoglycan and subsequently activates proinflammatory signaling pathways. Mutations in Nod2 have been implicated to be linked to inflammatory granulomatous disorders, such as Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome. Many phytochemicals possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is not known whether any of these phytochemicals might modulate Nod2-mediated immune responses and thus might be of therapeutic value for the intervention of these inflammatory diseases. In this report, we demonstrate that curcumin, a polyphenol found in the plant Curcuma longa, and parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, suppress both ligand-induced and lauric acid-induced Nod2 signaling, leading to the suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B activation and target gene interleukin-8 expression. We provide molecular and biochemical evidence that the suppression is mediated through the inhibition of Nod2 oligomerization and subsequent inhibition of downstream signaling. These results demonstrate for the first time that curcumin and parthenolide can directly inhibit Nod2-mediated signaling pathways at the receptor level and suggest that Nod2-mediated inflammatory responses can be modulated by these phytochemicals. It remains to be determined whether these phytochemicals possess protective or therapeutic efficacy against Nod2-mediated inflammatory disorders. C1 [Huang, Shurong; Hwang, Daniel H.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zhao, Ling; Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA USA. [Kim, Kihoon; Lee, Dong Seok] Inje Univ, Dept Biomed Lab Sci, Kimhae, South Korea. RP Hwang, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM daniel.hwang@ars.usda.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [CA75613, R01 CA075613]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK064007, DK41868, R01 DK064007, R01 DK064007-04] NR 39 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 1 BP 274 EP 281 DI 10.1124/mol.108.046169 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 315OP UT WOS:000256889600028 PM 18413660 ER PT J AU Virgilio, M Backeijau, T Barr, N De Meyer, M AF Virgilio, M. Backeijau, T. Barr, N. De Meyer, M. TI Molecular evaluation of nominal species in the Ceratitis fasciventris, C-anonae, C-rosa complex (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE fruit flies; pest species; species complex; cryptic species; DNA taxonomy ID NUCLEAR-GENE TREES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; BACTROCERA-NEOHUMERALIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POPULATION-GENETICS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; STATISTICAL TESTS; FRUIT; FLY AB Ceratitis fasciventris, C. anonae and C. rosa form a complex of economically important fruit fly pests infesting a variety of crops in African countries. Hitherto only adult males of these species can be distinguished easily by morphological characters. Other stages cannot, and for some taxa the taxonomic interpretation and species boundaries remain unclear. In order to clarify phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of these species, sequences of mitochondrial (16S, COI, ND6) and nuclear markers (period, ITS1) were analysed in specimens of the three morphospecies throughout the distribution of the complex. Maximum likelihood trees did not recover monophyletic groups corresponding to the morphospecies. Conversely, ND6 and COI divided West African C. fasciventris specimens in two consistent and bootstrap supported clades, involving specimens from Benin and from Mali/Ivory Coast, while the nuclear gene fragments per and ITS1 recovered a well-supported clade corresponding to C. fasciventris from Kenya/Uganda. Hence, the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic interpretation of the complex appear more intricate than previously hypothesised. The current molecular data do not allow to identify C. fasciventris, C. anonae and C. rosa as distinct phylogenetic species but rather suggest that the morphospecies C. fasciventris is itself a complex of cryptic taxa. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Virgilio, M.; De Meyer, M.] Royal Museum Cent Africa, B-3080 Tervuren, Belgium. [Virgilio, M.; Backeijau, T.] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Backeijau, T.] Univ Antwerp, Evolutionary Ecol Grp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Barr, N.] USDA, APHIS, PDDML, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Virgilio, M (reprint author), Royal Museum Cent Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren, Belgium. EM m.virgilio@unibo.it NR 46 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 270 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.018 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 321AA UT WOS:000257275200023 PM 18502154 ER PT J AU Alandete-Saez, M Ron, M McCormick, S AF Alandete-Saez, Monica Ron, Mily McCormick, Sheila TI GEX3, expressed in the male gametophyte and in the egg cell of Arabidopsis thaliana, is essential for micropylar pollen tube guidance and plays a role during early embryogenesis SO MOLECULAR PLANT LA English DT Article DE antisense; double fertilization; female gametophyte; real-time PCR; plasma membrane protein; PQQ domain ID FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE; SYNERGID CELL; PYRROLOQUINOLINE QUINONE; EXOCYTIC PATHWAY; ZEA-MAYS; GENES; FERTILIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; PROTEIN AB Double fertilization in flowering plants occurs when the two sperm cells, carried by the pollen tube, are released in a synergid cell of the embryo sac and then fertilize the egg and the central cell. Proteins on the surfaces of the sperm, egg, central, and synergid cells might be important for guidance and recognition/fusion of the gametes. Here, we present functional analyses of Arabidopsis GEX3, which encodes a plasma membrane-localized protein that has homologs in other plants. GEX3 is expressed in both the vegetative and sperm cells of the male gametophyte and in the egg cell of the female gametophyte. Transgenic lines in which GEX3 was down-regulated or overexpressed, using the Arabidopsis GEX2 promoter, had reduced seed set. Reciprocal crosses and imaging after pollination with a reporter line showed that, in both cases, the defect causing reduced seed set occurred in the female. In the antisense lines, micropylar pollen tube guidance failed. In the overexpression lines, fertilization of mutant ovules was mostly blocked because pollen tube guidance failed, although, occasionally, non-viable embryos were formed. We conclude that properly regulated expression of GEX3 in the egg cell of Arabidopsis is essential for pollen tube guidance. C1 [McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McCormick, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM sheilamc@nature.berkeley.edu RI Ron, Mily/A-4619-2011; OI RON, MILY/0000-0003-1682-7275 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome [0211742]; United States Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service; Current Research Information System [5335-21000-030-00D]; BARD [FI-3912006]; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund FX National Science Foundation Plant Genome program grant (0211742); United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System (5335-21000-030-00D). M. R. was partially supported by Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award No. FI-3912006 from BARD, The United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund. NR 56 TC 40 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1674-2052 EI 1752-9867 J9 MOL PLANT JI Mol. Plant. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 4 BP 586 EP 598 DI 10.1093/mp/ssn015 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 346YA UT WOS:000259104300004 PM 19825564 ER PT J AU Rincones, J Scarpari, LM Carazzolle, MF Mondego, JMC Formighieri, EF Barau, JG Costa, GGL Carraro, DM Brentani, HP Vilas-Boas, LA de Oliveira, BV Sabha, M Dias, R Cascardo, JM Azevedo, RA Meinhardt, LW Pereira, GAG AF Rincones, Johana Scarpari, Leandra M. Carazzolle, Marcelo F. Mondego, Jorge M. C. Formighieri, Eduardo F. Barau, Joan G. Costa, Gustavo G. L. Carraro, Dirce M. Brentani, Helena P. Vilas-Boas, Laurival A. de Oliveira, Bruno V. Sabha, Maricene Dias, Robson Cascardo, Julio M. Azevedo, Ricardo A. Meinhardt, Lyndel W. Pereira, Goncalo A. G. TI Differential gene expression between the biotrophic-like and saprotrophic mycelia of the witches' broom pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE DNA microarrays ID AMINO-ACID TRANSPORTER; FUNGUS UROMYCES-FABAE; CDNA MICROARRAY DATA; RICE BLAST FUNGUS; CRINIPELLIS-PERNICIOSA; THEOBROMA-CACAO; CAUSAL AGENT; CLADOSPORIUM-FULVUM; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; IN-VITRO AB Moniliophthora perniciosa is a hemibiotrophic fungus that causes witches' broom disease (WBD) in cacao. Marked dimorphism characterizes this fungus, showing a monokaryotic or biotrophic phase that causes disease symptoms and a later dikaryotic or saprotrophic phase. A combined strategy of DNA microarray, expressed sequence tag, and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analyses was employed to analyze differences between these two fungal stages in vitro. In all, 1,131 putative genes were hybridized with cDNA from different phases, resulting in 189 differentially expressed genes, and 4,595 reads were clusterized, producing 1,534 unigenes. The analysis of these genes, which represent approximately 21% of the total genes, indicates that the biotrophic-like phase undergoes carbon and nitrogen catabollite repression that correlates to the expression of phytopathogenicity genes. Moreover, downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the presence of a putative ngr1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae could help explain its lower growth rate. In contrast, the saprotrophic mycelium expresses genes related to the metabolism of hexoses, ammonia, and oxidative phosphorylation, which could explain its faster growth. Antifungal toxins were upregulated and could prevent the colonization by competing fungi. This work significantly contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of WBD and, to our knowledge, is the first to analyze differential gene expression of the different phases of a hemibiotrophic fungus. C1 [Rincones, Johana; Scarpari, Leandra M.; Carazzolle, Marcelo F.; Mondego, Jorge M. C.; Formighieri, Eduardo F.; Barau, Joan G.; Costa, Gustavo G. L.; de Oliveira, Bruno V.; Sabha, Maricene; Pereira, Goncalo A. G.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Genom & Expressao, Inst Biol, BR-13083970 Campinas, Brazil. [Carraro, Dirce M.; Brentani, Helena P.] Ctr Pesquisa Hosp AC Camargo, Lab Genom & Biol Mol, BR-01509010 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Vilas-Boas, Laurival A.] Inst Agron Parana, Lab Virol & Bacteriol Plantas, BR-86047902 Londrina, Parana, Brazil. [Dias, Robson; Cascardo, Julio M.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Genet & Mol Biol, Lab Genom & Expressao Gen, BR-45650000 Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil. [Azevedo, Ricardo A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Genet, Lab Bioquim Plantas, Escola Super Agr Luiz Queiroz, BR-13400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Meinhardt, Lyndel W.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crops, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pereira, GAG (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Genet & Evolucao, Lab Genom & Expressao, Inst Biol, CP 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, Brazil. EM goncalo@unicamp.br RI Costa, Gustavo/B-6312-2009; Pereira, Goncalo /B-7944-2012; Carazzolle, Marcelo Falsarella/C-6503-2012; Azevedo, Ricardo/F-8863-2011; Formighieri, Eduardo/F-2993-2012; Oncogenomica, Inct/H-9999-2013; Rincones, Johana/I-6337-2013; Brentani, Helena/G-6839-2011; carraro, dirce/C-9179-2009 OI Barau, Joan/0000-0002-3944-5678; Azevedo, Ricardo/0000-0001-7316-125X; Brentani, Helena/0000-0001-5192-4682; carraro, dirce/0000-0001-5667-1418 NR 100 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 21 IS 7 BP 891 EP 908 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-7-0891 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 315GR UT WOS:000256866900004 PM 18533830 ER PT J AU Coram, TE Settles, ML Chen, XM AF Coram, Tristan E. Settles, Matthew L. Chen, Xianming TI Transcriptome analysis of high-temperature adult-plant resistance conditioned by Yr39 during the wheat-Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici interaction SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRIPE RUST RESISTANCE; POWDERY MILDEW; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; ISOGENIC LINES; PROBE LEVEL; GENE FAMILY; LEAF RUST; BARLEY; DEFENSE; EXPRESSION AB Stripe rust [caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks. (Pst)] is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. High-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust is race non-specific, inherited quantitatively and durable. Previously, we identified and mapped the single Yr39 HTAP stripe rust resistance gene in the spring wheat cultivar Alpowa, which was identified on chromosome 7BL and accounted for 64.2% of the variation in resistance. To identify transcripts associated with Yr39-mediated resistance, we selected two F(7) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from an 'Avocet S/Alpowa' cross that differed at the Yr39 locus to represent an incompatible (Yr39) and compatible (yr39) interaction with Pst. Using the Affymetrix Wheat GeneChip, we profiled the transcript changes occurring in flag leaves of these two RILs over a time-course after treatment with Pst urediniospores and mock-inoculation. This time-course study identified 99 induced transcripts that were classified as HTAP resistance-specific. The temporal pattern of transcript accumulation showed a peak at 48 h after infection, which was supported by microscopic observation of fungal development and quantitative PCR assays that showed a rapid increase in fungal biomass after this time in the compatible interaction. More than half (50.5%) of the annotated transcripts specifically induced during HTAP resistance were involved in defence and/or signal transduction, including R gene homologues and transcripts associated with pathogenesis-related protein production, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and protein kinase signalling. This study represents the first transcript profiling of HTAP resistance to stripe rust in wheat, and we compare our results with other transcript studies of race-specific and race non-specific resistance. C1 [Coram, Tristan E.; Chen, Xianming] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. [Settles, Matthew L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Coram, Tristan E.; Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Coram, TE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. EM tcoram@mail.wsu.edu RI Coram, Tristan/C-1069-2008; Coram, Tristan/E-8744-2010; Settles, Matthew/F-2031-2011 OI Settles, Matthew/0000-0002-3424-1086 NR 51 TC 34 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 9 IS 4 BP 479 EP 493 DI 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2008.00476.X PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 312RQ UT WOS:000256688900006 PM 18705862 ER PT J AU Thomas, SE Crozier, J Aime, MC Evans, HC Holmes, KA AF Thomas, Sarah E. Crozier, Jayne Aime, M. Catherine Evans, Harry C. Holmes, Keith A. TI Molecular characterisation of fungal endophytic morphospecies associated with the indigenous forest tree, Theobroma gileri, in Ecuador SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Agaricomycotina; Basidiomycota; biological control; cocoa; endophyte; phytopathogens; rDNA phylogeny; Theobroma cacao; neotropics ID FROSTY POD ROT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CACAO; STEMS; PATHOGEN; LEAVES; WEEDS AB Fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy stems and pods of Theobroma gileri, an alternative host of the frosty pod rot pathogen of cacao. Non-sporulating isolates were grouped into 46 different morphological species according to their colony morphology. Many of these morphospecies were assumed to be basidiomycetes and, therefore, were of particular interest. Basidiomycetous endophytes have received far less attention than ascomycetes and also have potential as biological control agents of the basidiomycetous pathogens of T. cacao: Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot pathogen) and M. perniciosa (witches' broom disease). The morphospecies were further characterised by molecular analyses. Amplification of the nuLSU was undertaken for phylogenetic placement of these non-sporulating cultures and revealed a total of 31 different taxa of which 15 were basidiomycetes belonging to the class Agaricomycetes, and 16 ascomycetes primarily belonging to the Sordariomycetes. (c) 2008 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thomas, Sarah E.; Crozier, Jayne; Evans, Harry C.; Holmes, Keith A.] CABI Europe UK, Ascot SL5 7TA, Berks, England. [Aime, M. Catherine] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Thomas, SE (reprint author), CABI Europe UK, Ascot SL5 7TA, Berks, England. EM s.thomas@cabi.org OI Holmes, Keith/0000-0003-4534-2680 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 112 BP 852 EP 860 DI 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.01.008 PN 7 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 331ZB UT WOS:000258050100009 PM 18534836 ER PT J AU Weaver, MA Kenerley, CM AF Weaver, Mark A. Kenerley, Charles M. TI Competitiveness of a genetically engineered strain of Trichoderma virens SO MYCOPATHOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE biological control; fungal competition; intraspecific competition; rplacement series ID MODIFIED PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; GLIOCLADIUM-VIRENS; BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BIOCONTROL FUNGI; CORN POLLEN; HARZIANUM; RHIZOSPHERE; IMPACT; GROWTH AB The intraspecific competitiveness of a genetically engineered strain of Trichoderma virens was assessed relative to the non-transformed, progenitor strain and an isogenic, auxotrophic strain using a replacement series design. The transformed strain was less fit, but appeared more competitive than the wild type or the auxotroph in this assay. To validate this finding and to evaluate the ability of a strain to establish in an environment occupied by a competitor another experimental approach was developed. In various treatments the transformed strain was unaffected or only slightly inhibited by a competing strain. In contrast, the wild type and the auxotrophic strain were strongly inhibited by the presence of the transformed strain. These findings support the conclusion that this genetically engineered strain is more competitive than the wild-type strain and thus may be persistent in the environment. C1 [Weaver, Mark A.] ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. [Kenerley, Charles M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Weaver, MA (reprint author), ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS USA. EM mark.weaver@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264 NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-486X J9 MYCOPATHOLOGIA JI Mycopathologia PD JUL PY 2008 VL 166 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1007/s11046-008-9118-z PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 320EB UT WOS:000257215400007 PM 18421571 ER PT J AU Minnis, AM Sundberg, WJ AF Minnis, Andrew M. Sundberg, Walter J. TI Nomenclatural note on an Asian Pluteus SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE Agaricales; Basidiomycota; nomenclature; Pluteaceae AB Asian Pluteus taxa are not as well known as those from Europe and North America. Pluteus australis Z.S. Bi, one of the taxa described as new from Asia, is an illegitimate later homonym of Pluteus australis Murrill, a species described as new from the USA. Hence, the new name, Pluteus bii, is presented for the former species. C1 [Minnis, Andrew M.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Minnis, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Rm 304,B011A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Drew.Minnis@ars.usda.gov; sundberg.wj.4070@verizon.net NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 105 BP 165 EP 166 PG 2 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 372UM UT WOS:000260927500020 ER PT J AU Frenzen, PD AF Frenzen, P. D. TI Economic cost of Guillain-Barre syndrome in the United States SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE DATA; CAMPYLOBACTER INFECTION; HEALTH; BURDEN; LIFE AB Objective: This study estimated the annual economic cost of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in the United States in 2004, including the direct costs of medical care and the indirect costs due to lost productivity and premature death. Methods: The cost-of-illness method was used to determine the costs of medical care and lost productivity, and a modified value of a statistical life approach was used to determine the cost of premature deaths. Data were obtained from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the Compressed Mortality File, a telephone survey of 180 adult patients with GBS, and other sources. Results: The estimated annual cost of GBS was $1.7 billion (95% CI, $1.6 to 1.9 billion), including $0.2 billion (14%) in direct medical costs and $1.5 billion (86%) in indirect costs. Most of the medical costs were for community hospital admissions. Most of the indirect costs were due to premature deaths. The mean cost per patient with GBS was $318,966 (95% CI, $278,378 to 359,554). Conclusions: The economic cost of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) was substantial, and largely due to disability and death. The cost estimate summarizes the lifetime health burden due to GBS in monetary terms, and provides some of the information needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of health measures that affect GBS. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Frenzen, PD (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM pfrenzen@ers.usda.gov NR 38 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL 1 PY 2008 VL 71 IS 1 BP 21 EP 27 DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000316393.54258.d1 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 321FH UT WOS:000257289600006 PM 18591502 ER PT J AU Torrans, L Steeby, J AF Torrans, Les Steeby, Jim TI Effects of dissolved oxygen concentration on oxygen consumption and development of channel catfish eggs and fry: Implications for hatchery management SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; INCUBATION; SUCCESS; EMBRYOS; PONDS AB Eight channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus spawns were split into two similar portions and incubated under controlled conditions to determine the effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on the development and survival of eggs and fry. The DO concentration was 7.42 +/- 0.03 mg/L (mean +/- SD; 92.5% saturation) and 18.40 +/- 0.28 mg/L (230% saturation) through hatching in the low- and high-oxygen treatments, respectively. Eggs hatched 6 It earlier in the low-oxygen treatment, but fry reached swim-up stage 31 h later. Survival to the swim-up stage in the low-oxygen treatment was 16.4 percentage points lower than in the high-oxygen treatment (72.5% versus 88.9%, respectively). The routine metabolic rate and limiting oxygen concentration were also determined for eggs, sac fry, and swim-up fry. Oxygen consumption increased through swim-up stage, as expected. However, the limiting oxygen concentration peaked during the last day of incubation at 88.1 +/- 2.9% saturation and decreased to 40.1 +/- 2.0% saturation upon hatching. Premature hatching observed in the low-oxygen treatment was apparently initiated when the limiting oxygen concentration approached the ambient oxygen saturation on the last day of incubation. A survey of DO management in 26 commercial catfish hatcheries in the Mississippi Delta revealed that DO saturation in the hatching troughs ranged from 45.2% to 100.2%, with only nine hatcheries (35% of the hatcheries sampled) having a DO saturation greater than 95%. Seventeen hatcheries (65%) had a DO saturation less than that maintained in the low-oxygen treatment in our hatching experiment and could experience greater mortality through swim-up than we observed. We recommend that hatcheries initially run well water through a packed column and use blowers or liquid oxygen to maintain the DO concentration in hatching troughs at or above air saturation as eggs near the time of hatching. C1 [Torrans, Les] ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Steeby, Jim] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Belzoni, MS 39038 USA. RP Torrans, L (reprint author), ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, USDA, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM les.torrans@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 70 IS 3 BP 286 EP 295 DI 10.1577/A07-046.1 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 336VK UT WOS:000258392700003 ER PT J AU Darwish, AM Mitchell, AJ Hobbs, MS AF Darwish, Ahmed M. Mitchell, Andrew J. Hobbs, Melissa S. TI In vitro and in vivo evaluation of potassium permanganate treatment efficacy for the control of acute experimental infection by Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; CHALLENGE MODEL; DISEASE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; FORMALIN; EXPOSURE; PONDS AB An experiment was performed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) against Flavobacterium columnare. In vitro, F. columnare treated with KMnO4 at 2 mg/L for 8 h exhibited a 70% reduction in colony-forming units (CFU). A minimum KMnO4 concentration of 10 mg/L was needed to inhibit bacteria] growth. An acute and systemic experimental infection was produced in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus by waterborne exposure to the bacteria after mechanical cutaneous abrasion to remove mucus and epithelium. At 22 It postchallenge, an 8-h treatment with KMnO4 at 2.3 mg/L (2.0 mg/L above the average KMnO4 demand of 0.3 mg/L) was initiated. This did not reduce mortality in experimentally infected fish. The infection model utilized in the experiment was evaluated by examining the clinical signs and histopathology of infected fish. Fish in the model showed columnaris signs similar to those of a natural infection, including skin depigmentation and ulceration and gill necrosis. Histologically, the skin had severe ulcerative necrotizing dermatitis and the muscles had severe necrotizing myositis. The gills had severe multifocal necrotizing branchitis involving the lamellar and filament epithelium, pillar cells, and central venous sinus. Heavy bacterial aggregates of long rods were associated with the necrotic cellular debris. The identity of the bacteria isolated from the challenged fish was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The results suggest that KMnO4 is beneficial for reducing F. columnare load in the water column and possibly on fish, but the therapeutic value of KMnO4 is limited in fish with an acute and systemic columnaris infection. Further research is warranted to investigate the value of KMnO4 as a therapeutic agent for fish with a milder columnaris infection and as a treatment to prevent further spread of columnaris in a fish population. C1 [Darwish, Ahmed M.; Mitchell, Andrew J.; Hobbs, Melissa S.] ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM ahmed.darwish@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 70 IS 3 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1577/A06-081.1 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 336VK UT WOS:000258392700007 ER PT J AU Straus, DL AF Straus, David L. TI Copper sulfate toxicity to channel catfish fry: Yolk sac versus swim-up fry SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ALKALINITY; HARDNESS; PUNCTATUS; CALCIUM; TROUT; PH AB Yolk sac and swim-up fry from five separate spawns of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus were exposed to dissolved copper sulfate (CuSO4) in a series of static toxicity bioassays to observe age sensitivity at 24 and 48 It in waters with two different chemistries at a temperature of 23.1 +/- 0.47 degrees C (mean +/- SD). The two waters were (1) well water with a total alkalinity (as CaCO3) of 217 mg/L and a total hardness of 126 mg/L and (2) a 1: 1 mixture of well water and deionized (WDI) water with a total alkalinity of 112 mg/L and a total hardness of 66 mg/L, Probit median lethal concentration (LC50) values were estimated with PoloPlus using the nominal CuSO4, concentrations. The mean 24-h LC50 values for the yolk sac fry were 62.8 +/- 37.1 mg of CuSO4/L in the well water and 10.2 +/- 3.4 mg/L in the WDI water; the 24-h LC50 values for the swim-up fry were 13.5 +/- 11.5 mg/L in well water and 4.3 +/- 4.4 mg/L in WDI water. The mean 48-h LC50 values for the yolk sac fry were 14.9 +/- 5.0 mg/L in well water and 3.9 +/- 1.6 mg/L in WDI water; the 48-h LC50 values for the swim-up fry were 3.5 +/- 1.8 mg/L in well water and 1.5 +/- 0.3 mg/L in WDI water. The yolk sac fry were about 4.6 times more tolerant of CuSO4 than the swim-up fry at 24 It and 4.3 times more tolerant at 48 It. Fry were about 4.7 times (at 24 h) and 3.3 times (at 48 h) more sensitive to CuSO4 in water with low alkalinity and hardness (WDI water) than in water with high alkalinity and hardness (well water). The differences in LC50 values between the different spawns of each fry type and time within a water type are attributed to natural variation and channel catfish strain. C1 ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Straus, DL (reprint author), ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM dave.straus@ars.usda.gov RI Straus, David/A-9218-2009 NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 70 IS 3 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1577/A06-092.1 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 336VK UT WOS:000258392700008 ER PT J AU Li, MH Robinson, EH Peterson, BC Bates, TD AF Li, Menghe H. Robinson, Edwin H. Peterson, Brian C. Bates, Terry D. TI Growth and feed efficiency of juvenile channel catfish reared at different water temperatures and fed diets containing various levels of fish meal SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; ANIMAL PROTEIN; BODY-COMPOSITION; SOYBEAN-MEAL; PERFORMANCE AB Channel catfish lctalurus punctatus do not feed well at low temperatures. It is generally thought that a diet containing fish meal enhances feed palatability at low temperatures since fish meal is highly palatable to fish. There is a lack of information on the effects of fish meal levels on the growth performance of channel catfish reared at low temperatures. Therefore, a study was conducted in a recirculating system to examine the effects of fish meal levels on the feed consumption, weight gain, and feed efficiency of juvenile channel catfish reared at various temperatures. Fish with an initial weight of 9.6 +/- 0.1 g were stocked in 23-L clear polycarbonate tanks maintained at approximately 17, 21, or 27 degrees C. The fish were fed with diets containing 0, 4, or 8% menhaden Brevoortia spp. fish meal for 9 weeks. 'Mere was a significant interaction between water temperature and fish meal level with respect to weight gain. At 27 degrees C, fish fed diets containing 4% and 8% fish meal gained significantly more weight than fish fed the all-plant-protein diet. However, the level of fish meal had no significant effect on the weight gain of fish at 17 degrees C or 21 degrees C. This suggests that the olfactory and gustatory responses of channel catfish to fish meal (up to 8% in the diet) may not be as sensitive at low temperatures as at optimum temperatures. The results also indicate that more than 4% fish meal in the diet is not beneficial for the optimum growth and feed efficiency of channel catfish fingerlings raised at 27 degrees C. C1 [Li, Menghe H.; Robinson, Edwin H.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Peterson, Brian C.; Bates, Terry D.] ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfish Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Li, MH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM mli@drec.msstate.edu NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 70 IS 3 BP 347 EP 352 DI 10.1577/A07-078.1 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 336VK UT WOS:000258392700012 ER PT J AU Moorthy, D Cappellano, KL Rosenberg, IH AF Moorthy, Denish Cappellano, Kathleen L. Rosenberg, Irwin H. TI Nutrition and Crohn's disease: an update of print and Web-based guidance SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Crohn's disease; nutrition ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; FIBER-RICH DIET; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; ENTERAL NUTRITION; ELEMENTAL DIET; VITAMIN-D; PRIMARY THERAPY AB This article reviews the role of nutrition in Crohn's disease, one of the inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition to presenting a comprehensive review of the stote-of-the-evidence on nutritional risks and nutritional therapies in Crohn's disease, and making specific nutrient recommendations, this article includes a list of Web-based resources, including websites, blogs, newsletters, and multimedia podcasts that can be utilized by patients and healthcare providers alike to learn more about the etiology, pathophysiology, and nutritional management of Crohn's disease. (c) 2008 International Life Sciences Institute. C1 [Moorthy, Denish; Rosenberg, Irwin H.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Neurocognit Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cappellano, Kathleen L.] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rosenberg, IH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Neurocognit Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM irwin.rosenberg@tufts.edu NR 116 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 66 IS 7 BP 387 EP 397 DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00048.x PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 322OQ UT WOS:000257385600003 PM 18667014 ER PT J AU Zingg, JM Azzi, A Meydani, M AF Zingg, Jean-Marc Azzi, Angelo Meydani, Mohsen TI Genetic polymorphisms as determinants for disease-preventive effects of vitamin E SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE alpha-tocopherol; atherosclerosis; haptoglobin; L-ascorbic acid; polymorphisms ID TOCOPHEROL-TRANSFER PROTEIN; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; OXIDATIVE STRESS; E SUPPLEMENTATION; HAPTOGLOBIN POLYMORPHISM; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AB Polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin E uptake, distribution, metabolism, and molecular action may be important determinants for the protective effects of vitamin E supplementation. The haptoglobin 2-2 polymorphism is associated with increased production of oxygen free radicals and reduces levels of vitamin E and Q the consequent elevated risk for cardiovascular disease can be prevented by vitamin Esupplementation. (c) 2008 International Life Sciences institute. C1 [Zingg, Jean-Marc; Azzi, Angelo; Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Meydani, M (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM mohsen.meydani@tufts.edu NR 93 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 66 IS 7 BP 406 EP 414 DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00050.x PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 322OQ UT WOS:000257385600005 PM 18667016 ER PT J AU Teegarden, D White, KM Lyle, RM Zemel, MB Van Loan, MD Matkovic, V Craig, BA Schoeller, DA AF Teegarden, Dorothy White, Kimberly M. Lyle, Roseann M. Zemel, Michael B. Van Loan, Marta D. Matkovic, Velimir Craig, Bruce A. Schoeller, Dale A. TI Calcium and dairy product modulation of lipid utilization and energy expenditure SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; FAT LOSS; DIETARY CALCIUM; OBESE SUBJECTS; HEALTHY WOMEN; YOUNG-WOMEN; OXIDATION; WEIGHT; WATER AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of dietary calcium or dairy product intake on total energy expenditure (TEE), fat oxidation, and thermic effect of a meal (TEM) during a weight loss trial. Methods and Procedures: The intervention included a prescribed 500-kcal deficit diet in a randomized placebo-controlled calcium or dairy product intervention employing twenty-four 18 to 31-year-old (22.2 +/- 3.1 years, mean +/- s.d.) overweight women (75.5 +/- 9.6 kg). TEM and fat oxidation were measured using respiratory gas exchange after a meal challenge, and TEE was measured by doubly labeled water. Fat mass ( FM) and lean mass (fat-free mass (FFM)) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects were randomized into one of these three intervention groups: (i) placebo (< 800 mg/day calcium intake); (ii) 900 mg/day calcium supplement; (iii) three servings of dairy products/day to achieve an additional 900 mg/day. Results: There were no group effects observed in change in TEE; however, a group effect was observed for fat oxidation after adjusting for FFM (P = 0.02). The treatment effect was due to an increase in fat oxidation in the calcium-supplemented group of 1.5 +/- 0.6 g/h, P = 0.02. Baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was positively correlated with TEM (R = 0.31, P = 0.004), and trended toward a correlation with fat oxidation ( P = 0.06), independent of group assignment. Finally, the change in log parathyroid hormone (PTH) was positively correlated with the change in trunk FM (R = 0.27, P = 0.03). Discussion: These results support that calcium intake increases fat oxidation, but does not change TEE and that adequate vitamin D status may enhance TEM and fat oxidation. C1 [Teegarden, Dorothy; White, Kimberly M.] Purdue Univ, Interdept Nutr Program, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lyle, Roseann M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zemel, Michael B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nutr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Matkovic, Velimir] Ohio State Univ, Bone & Mineral Metab Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Craig, Bruce A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Schoeller, Dale A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Teegarden, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Interdept Nutr Program, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM dteegard@purdue.edu RI Craig, Bruce/D-5797-2017 OI Craig, Bruce/0000-0001-9346-467X NR 28 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUL PY 2008 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1566 EP 1572 DI 10.1038/oby.2008.232 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 321RX UT WOS:000257325300015 PM 18421269 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, Wee L. TI Host plant use by apple maggot, western cherry fruit fly, and other Rhagoletis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in central Washington state SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis pomonella; Rhagoletis indifferens; sagebrush/bunchgrass and ponderosa pine ecosystems; apple; hawthorn AB Host plant use by apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), 1867, western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, 1932, and other Rhagoletis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in five cities or towns and several habitats of different commercial importance within south central Washington state was determined in 2004 to 2006. Rhagoletis pomonella larvae infested 0 to 16% of non-commercial apple trees, Malus domestica (Borkh.) Borkh., and 0 to 22.5% of wild black hawthorn, Crataegus douglasii Lindl. (Rosaceae), the first data showing R. pomonella has established within this part of the state. Rhagoletis indifferens infested 81.8 to 100% of non-commercial sweet and sour cherry trees (Prunus avium (L.) L. and Prunus cerasus L.) (0% in one area) and 21.7 to 94.7% of wild bitter cherry trees, Prunus emarginata (Dougl. ex. Hook.) D. Dietr. (Rosaceae). Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, 1894, Rhagoletis basiola (Osten Sacken), 1877, Rhagoletis tabellaria (Fitch), 1855, Rhagoletis berberis Curran, 1932, and Rhagoletis completa Cresson, 1929 infested 0 or 15.4 to 100% of their normal host plants. In south central Washington, the host breadth of P, pomonella is narrow perhaps because of the hot and dry conditions, low fly densities, and low host abundance outside of orchards. Here, R. pomonella likely can be managed to meet the strict quarantine requirements of apple export. Rhagoletis indifferens management can be confined to sweet and sour cherry trees. Responses of various Rhagoletis species to plant cues and survival of flies in dry climates need to be determined to understand patterns of host use and population densities in Washington. C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission FX I thank Peter Chapman, Julie Schlaman, Janine Jewett, and Rebecca Stamm (USDA-ARS) for invaluable field and laboratory assistance and Dave Horton (USDA-ARS), Peter Landolt (USDA-ARS), Stewart Berlocher (University of Illinois), and Diane Alston (Utah State University) for reviewing the manuscript. This research was partially funded by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 84 IS 3 BP 163 EP 178 DI 10.3956/2007-48.1 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 408AL UT WOS:000263405300002 ER PT J AU Yee, WL Goughnour, RB AF Yee, Wee L. Goughnour, Robert B. TI Host plant use by and new host records of apple maggot, western cherry fruit fly, and other Rhagoletis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in western Washington state SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhagoletis pomonella; Rhagoletis indifferens; coast forest ecosystem; new hosts; infestation rates ID POMONELLA DIPTERA; SPECIATION AB Host plant use by apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh), 1867, western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, 1932, and other Rhagoletis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in western Washington state and northwestern Oregon was determined by rearing larvae in fruit to adults in 2004 to 2006. Rhagoletis pomonella infested apple, Malus domestica (Borkh.) Borkh., crab apple, Malus spp., Suksdorf's hawthorn, Crataegus suksdorfii (Sarg.) Kruscke, and English hawthorn, Crataegus monogyna Jacq. Also infested were apricot, Prunus armeniaca L., and cherry plum, Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., which are two new Washington host records for R. pomonella, and smooth hawthorn, Crataegus laevigata (Poiret) DC., Japanese Plum, Prunus salicina Lindl., European mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia L., western mountain ash, Sot-bits scopulina Greene, parney cotoneaster, Cotoneaster lacteus W. W. Smith, and European cotoneaster, Cotoneaster intergerrimus Medic., which are six new host records for R. pomonella. Rhagoletis indifferens infested bird cherry, Prunus padus L., and cherry plum, P. cerasifera, which are two new host records. Three, one, and one new host records were also determined for Rhagoletis tabellaria (Fitch), 1855, Rhagoletis zephyria Snow, 1894, and Rhagoletis completa Cresson, 1929, respectively. In the coast forest ecosystem of western Washington, the host breadth of both R. pomonella and R. indifferens are relatively broad, perhaps in part because of large fly populations. The discovery of 13 new hosts in western Washington suggests this region can yield a wealth of information on the adaptability of various Rhagoletis to diverse plants and host race formation in this genus. C1 [Yee, Wee L.; Goughnour, Robert B.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission FX We thank Meralee Nash (USDA-ARS) for field assistance, Blair Wolfley and Lynell Tanigoshi (Washington State University, Vancouver) for providing laboratory space, Jenny Glass and Ray Maleike (Washington State University, Puyallup), Charles Brunn (Washington State University, Vancouver), and Tim Shull (Yard and Garden, Vancouver, WA) for helping identify the ashes and cotoneasters, Ed Lisowski (Washington State Department of Agriculture) for confirming fly species identifications, Dan Harkenrider and the staff (USDA Forest Service, Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area) for use of trees, and Dave Horton (USDA-ARS), Stewart Berlocher (University of Illinois), and Diane Alston (Utah State University) for reviewing the manuscript. This research was partially funded by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. NR 31 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 10 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 84 IS 3 BP 179 EP 193 DI 10.3956/2007-49.1 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 408AL UT WOS:000263405300003 ER PT J AU Kimbirauskas, RK Merritt, RW Wipfli, MS Hennon, P AF Kimbirauskas, R. K. Merritt, R. W. Wipfli, M. S. Hennon, P. TI Headwater macroinvertebrate community response to riparian red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) in southeast Alaska SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID OREGON COAST RANGE; LEAF-LITTER; TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES; STREAM INVERTEBRATES; FOREST SUCCESSION; AQUATIC INSECTS; WOODY DEBRIS; DETRITUS; BIOMASS; BREAKDOWN C1 [Kimbirauskas, R. K.; Merritt, R. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wipfli, M. S.] Univ Alaska, Inst Artic Biol, USGS Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hennon, P.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Kimbirauskas, RK (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, 243 Nat Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU USFS; USDA; Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We would like to thank Ken Cummins, Eric Benbow, John Wallace, Osvaldo Hernandez, Christian LeSage, Mollie McIntosh, Frank Rinkevich, Todd White, and Lauren Wright for their assistance, and the USFS, USDA, and the Pacific Northwest Research Station for financial and technical support. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 84 IS 3 BP 220 EP 237 DI 10.3956/2008-06.1 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 408AL UT WOS:000263405300006 ER PT J AU Landolt, PJ AF Landolt, Peter J. TI New geographic records for tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the Pacific Northwest SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Landolt, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 84 IS 3 BP 246 EP 248 DI 10.3956/2008-01.1 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 408AL UT WOS:000263405300010 ER PT J AU Holden, RM Iliescu, E Morton, AR Booth, SL AF Holden, Rachel M. Iliescu, Eduard Morton, A. Ross Booth, Sarah L. TI Vitamin K status of Canadian peritoneal dialysis patients SO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BONE HEALTH; METABOLISM; MARKERS; PLASMA; SERUM C1 [Holden, Rachel M.; Iliescu, Eduard; Morton, A. Ross] Queens Univ, Div Nephrol, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. RP Holden, RM (reprint author), Queens Univ, Div Nephrol, Kingston, ON, Canada. EM holdenr@kgh.kari.net NR 16 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MULTIMED INC PI TORONTO PA 66 MARTIN ST, TORONTO, ON L9T 2R2, CANADA SN 0896-8608 J9 PERITON DIALYSIS INT JI Perit. Dial. Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 415 EP 418 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 315OR UT WOS:000256889800019 PM 18556387 ER PT J AU Bolton, MD Thomma, BPHJ AF Bolton, Melvin D. Thomma, Bart P. H. J. TI The complexity of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen-regulated gene expression in plant pathogenic fungi SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Nitrogen; Fungal; Effector; Cladosporium ID RICE BLAST FUNGUS; DNA-BINDING DOMAIN; CLADOSPORIUM-FULVUM; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; NITRATE ASSIMILATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM AB Plant pathogens secrete effector molecules that contribute to the establishment of disease in their plant hosts. The identification of cellular cues that regulate effector gene expression is an important aspect of understanding the infection process. Nutritional status in the cell has been postulated to be a cue for effector gene expression. Several studies have shown the induction of the same effector genes during growth under nitrogen-starved conditions in vitro as during growth in planta, suggesting that a nitrogen-poor environment exists during colonization. As a consequence, it has been proposed that growth in nitrogen-starved media mimics the environment that a pathogen encounters during growth in planta. Although this relationship has been implied in several studies, there is little known regarding available nitrogen during colonization for fungal pathogens. This review focuses on the effect of nitrogen starvation on fungal effector gene expression and examines the role of fungal nitrogen regulatory genes to help gain an understanding of whether nitrogen availability within the host is an important factor in disease development. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thomma, Bart P. H. J.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6709 PD Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bolton, Melvin D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Thomma, BPHJ (reprint author), Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6709 PD Wageningen, Netherlands. EM bart.thomma@wur.nl RI Thomma, Bart/E-5959-2011 OI Thomma, Bart/0000-0003-4125-4181 FU Research Council for Earth and Life Sciences FX B.P.H.J.T. is supported by a Vidi grant of the Research Council for Earth and Life Sciences (ALW) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). We thank Berlin Nelson, Peter van Esse, and Matthieu Joosten for critically reading the manuscript. NR 92 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4-6 BP 104 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2008.07.001 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 397NO UT WOS:000262669600002 ER PT J AU Williamson, KS Morris, JB Pye, QN Kamat, CD Hensley, K AF Williamson, Kelly S. Morris, J. Brad Pye, Quentin N. Kamat, Chandrashekhar D. Hensley, Kenneth TI A survey of sesamin and composition of tocopherol variability from seeds of eleven diverse sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes using HPLC-PAD-ECD SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE HPLC-PAD-ECD; electrochemical detection; sesamin; desmethyl tocopherols; sesame seeds ID VITAMIN-E; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; MAIN CONSTITUENTS; OILS; 5-NITRO-GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL; CULTIVARS; PRODUCTS; PLASMA; LIGNAN; CELLS AB : The objective of this study was to determine the composition and content of sesamin and desmethyl tocopherols such as alpha-tocopherol (alpha T), delta-tocopherol (delta T) and gamma-tocopherol (gamma T) in seeds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for I I genotypes conserved in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit (PGRCU) in Griffin, Georgia, USA. Seed accessions studied were collections from eight countries worldwide, including one landrace from Thailand and two cultivars from Texas, USA. Novel methodologies and analytical techniques described herein consisted of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) connected in series with two detection systems specific for each analyte class. Photodiode array detection was employed for sesamin analysis and electrochemical array detection was used in the determination of tocopherols. A preliminary study was conducted to assess sesamin levels in 2003 and tocopherol levels in 2004 from sesame seed samples conserved at the USDA, ARS and PGRCU. In 2005, sesame seed samples were grown, harvested and evaluated for sesamin as well as tocopherol levels. The overall results (n = 3) showed that sesamin, alpha T, delta T and gamma T levels were 0.67-6.35 mg/g, 0.034-0.175 mu g/g, 0.44-3.05 mu g/g and 56.9-99.3 mu g/g respectively, indicating that the sesame seed accessions contained higher levels of sesamin and gamma T compared with alpha T and delta T. Statistical analysis was conducted and significant differences were observed among the 11 different sesame genotypes. This suggests that genetic, environmental and geographical factors influence sesamin and desmethyl tocopherol content. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Williamson, Kelly S.; Pye, Quentin N.; Kamat, Chandrashekhar D.; Hensley, Kenneth] Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Free Radical Biol & Aging Res Program, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. [Morris, J. Brad] ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, USDA, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Williamson, KS (reprint author), Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Free Radical Biol & Aging Res Program, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM kelly-williamson@omrf.org NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0958-0344 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 19 IS 4 BP 311 EP 322 DI 10.1002/pca.1050 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 327LD UT WOS:000257729700004 PM 18058795 ER PT J AU Cowger, C Brunner, PC Mundt, CC AF Cowger, C. Brunner, P. C. Mundt, C. C. TI Frequency of sexual recombination by Mycosphaerella graminicold in mild and severe epidemics SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mark-release-recapture; Septoria tritici; Septoria tritici blotch; Triticum aestivum ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; ANAMORPH-SEPTORIA-TRITICI; RESISTANT WHEAT CULTIVARS; PLANT-PATHOGENIC FUNGUS; IN-FIELD POPULATIONS; WINTER-WHEAT; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; REPRODUCTION; UK; MIGRATION AB The importance of sexual recombination in determining fungal population structure cannot be inferred solely from the relative abundance of sexual and asexual spores and reproductive structures. To complement a previously reported study of proportions of Mycosphaerella graminicola ascocarps and pycnidia, we investigated the share of sexual recombinants among isolates randomly derived from the same field at the same time. Early in three successive growing seasons (those ending in 1998, 1999, and 2000), field plots of the susceptible winter wheat cultivar Stephens were inoculated with suspensions of two M. graminicola isolates that each had rare alleles at restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci. Near harvest time, leaves were randomly sampled from the same plots, and a population of over 100 monopycnidial isolates was created for each year of the experiment. Natural populations were also sampled from noninoculated plots in the 1999 and 2000 seasons, in order to compare allele frequencies. Based on RFLP haplotypes and DNA fingerprints, isolates from the inoculated plots were categorized by both inspection and Bayesian methods as inoculant clones, recombinants, or immigrants. Inoculation in the 2000 season was delayed, and the recovery rate of inoculant types was just 1 to 2%. In 1998, a high-disease year, and 1999, a low-disease year, inoculants comprised 36 and 22 to 23% of end-of-season samples, respectively. In those 2 years, recombinants as a percentage of inoculant descendants (both sexual and asexual) were 35 and 32%, respectively. By comparison, the study of fruiting bodies had found 93 and 32% of M. graminicola fruiting bodies were ascocarps in 1998 and 1999, respectively. These findings support the hypothesis that sexual recombination makes a relatively consistent contribution to M. graminicola population structure, despite differences in epidemic severity and ascocarp proportions. C1 [Cowger, C.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Brunner, P. C.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol IBZ, Zurich, Switzerland. [Mundt, C. C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Cowger, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM christina.cowger@ars.usda.gov RI Brunner, Patrick/F-5400-2011 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 7 BP 752 EP 759 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-7-0752 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 316PI UT WOS:000256961800001 PM 18943250 ER PT J AU Okubara, PA Schroeder, KL Paulitz, TC AF Okubara, P. A. Schroeder, K. L. Paulitz, T. C. TI Identification and quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae using real-time polymerase chain reaction SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fungal pathogen; phylogeny; root disease; soilborne pathogen; wheat ID CIRCINATA VAR. CIRCINATA; ANASTOMOSIS GROUPS; ROOT-ROT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RIBOSOMAL DNA; BARE PATCH; BINUCLEATE RHIZOCTONIA; RESTRICTION ANALYSIS; WASHINGTON-STATE; QUANTITATIVE PCR AB Rhizoctonia solani and R. oryzae are the principal causal agents of Rhizoctonia root rot in dryland cereal production systems of the Pacific Northwest. To facilitate the identification and quantification of these pathogens in agricultural samples, we developed SYBR Green I-based real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) assays specific to internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of R. solani and R. oryzae. The assays were diagnostic for R. solani AG-2-1, AG-8, and AG-10, three genotypes of R. oryzae, and an AG-I-like binucleate Rhizoctonia species. Quantification was reproducible at or below a cycle threshold (Ct) of 33, or 2 to 10 fg of mycelial DNA from cultured fungi, 200 to 500 fg of pathogen DNA from root extracts, and 20 to 50 fg of pathogen DNA from soil extracts. However, pathogen DNA could be specifically detected in all types of extracts at about 100-fold below the quantification levels. Soils from Ritzville, WA, showing acute Rhizoctonia bare patch harbored 9.4 to 780 pg of R. solani AG-8 DNA per gram of soil.. Blastn, primer-template duplex stability, and phylogenetic analyses predicted that the Q-PCR assays will be diagnostic for isolates from Australia, Israel, Japan, and other countries. C1 [Okubara, P. A.; Schroeder, K. L.; Paulitz, T. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Okubara, PA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM pokubara@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 NR 52 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2008 VL 98 IS 7 BP 837 EP 847 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-7-0837 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 316PI UT WOS:000256961800012 PM 18943261 ER PT J AU Hancock, JE Bradley, KL Giardina, CP Pregitzer, KS AF Hancock, Jessica E. Bradley, Kate L. Giardina, Christian P. Pregitzer, Kurt S. TI The influence of soil type and altered lignin biosynthesis on the growth and above and belowground biomass allocation of Populus tremuloides SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE biomass allocation; growth physiology; plant productivity; soil carbon formation; soil texture; syringyl to guaiacyl ratio ID ORGANIC-CARBON; TRANSGENIC TREES; SIZE-FRACTIONS; QUAKING ASPEN; DECOMPOSITION; FOREST; NITROGEN; POPLAR; STABILIZATION; DYNAMICS AB Plants influence soil carbon (C) formation through the quality and quantity of C released to soil. Soil type, in turn can modify a plant's influence on soil through effects on plant production, tissue quality and regulation of soil C decomposition and stabilization. Wild-type aspen and three transgenic aspen lines expressing reduced stem lignin concentrations and/or increased syringyl (S) to guaiacyl (G) ratio lignin were grown in greenhouse mesocosms containing a sandy loam, a silt loam, or a clay loam soil for 6 months in order to examine the effects of altered lignin biosynthesis and soil type on biomass partitioning (above vs. belowground) and soil C processes. Results indicated that soil type significantly affected plant performance. Aspen grown in soils with high sand/low clay content accumulated the most total biomass, while aspen grown in soils with high clay content accumulated the least total biomass. These reductions in growth combined with specific soil characteristics led to differences among soil types in soil C formation. Transformed aspen expressing high syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin accumulated less total plant C and subsequently accumulated less aspen derived C in soil. Reduced lignin content alone in aspen did not affect plant growth or soil C formation. There were significant soil type x genetic line interactions indicating that growth and soil C formation for transgenic and wild type aspen lines varied among the different soil types. Given these interactions, future investigation needs to include long-term field studies across a range of soil types before transgenic aspen are widely planted. C1 [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hancock, Jessica E.; Bradley, Kate L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Giardina, CP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM cgiardina@fs.fed.us RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 NR 55 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUL PY 2008 VL 308 IS 1-2 BP 239 EP 253 DI 10.1007/s11104-008-9624-2 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 310KY UT WOS:000256529700018 ER PT J AU Kim, JG Taylor, KW Hotson, A Keegan, M Schmelz, EA Mudgett, MB AF Kim, Jung-Gun Taylor, Kyle W. Hotson, Andrew Keegan, Mark Schmelz, Eric A. Mudgett, Mary Beth TI XopD SUMO protease affects host transcription, promotes pathogen growth, and delays symptom development in Xanthomonas-infected tomato leaves SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID CAMPESTRIS PV. VESICATORIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; LEAF SENESCENCE; III SECRETION; SALICYLIC-ACID; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; CYSTEINE PROTEASE; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT AB We demonstrate that XopD, a type III effector from Xanthomonas campestris pathovar vesicatoria (Xcv), suppresses symptom production during the late stages of infection in susceptible tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. XopD-dependent delay of tissue degeneration correlates with reduced chlorophyll loss, reduced salicylic acid levels, and changes in the mRNA abundance of senescence- and defense-associated genes despite high pathogen titers. Subsequent structure-function analyses led to the discovery that XopD is a DNA binding protein that alters host transcription. XopD contains a putative helix-loop-helix domain required for DNA binding and two conserved ERF-associated amphiphilic motifs required to repress salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-induced gene transcription in planta. Taken together, these data reveal that XopD is a unique virulence factor in Xcv that alters host transcription, promotes pathogen multiplication, and delays the onset of leaf chlorosis and necrosis. C1 [Kim, Jung-Gun; Taylor, Kyle W.; Keegan, Mark; Mudgett, Mary Beth] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hotson, Andrew] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Mudgett, MB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mudgett@stanford.edu OI Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X FU Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2004037-C00254]; National Institutes of Health [1R01 GM-068886]; Terman Fellowship; Hellman's Scholar Fellowship FX We thank Dominique Bergmann, Or Gozani, Sharon Long, and Charles Yanofsky for instrument use, lab members for intellectual discussion, Christopher Aakre for manuscript comments, and Harry Klee for reagents, for setting up our collaboration, and for critical feedback. J.-G.K. was supported in part by Korea Research Foundation Grant KRF-2004037-C00254. M. B. M. was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant 1R01 GM-068886, the Terman Fellowship, and the Hellman's Scholar Fellowship. NR 57 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1915 EP 1929 DI 10.1105/tpc.108.058529 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 341PE UT WOS:000258725600019 PM 18664616 ER PT J AU van Esse, HP van't Klooster, JW Bolton, MD Yadeta, KA van Baarlen, P Boeren, S Vervoort, J de Wit, PJGM Thomma, BPHJ AF van Esse, H. Peter van't Klooster, John W. Bolton, Melvin D. Yadeta, Koste A. van Baarlen, Peter Boeren, Sjef Vervoort, Jacques de Wit, Pierre J. G. M. Thomma, Bart P. H. J. TI The Cladosporium fulvum virulence protein Avr2 inhibits host proteases required for basal defense SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; CF-2-DEPENDENT DISEASE RESISTANCE; SYRINGAE EFFECTOR AVRRPT2; CASPASE-LIKE ACTIVITY; AVIRULENCE GENE AVR9; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; CYSTEINE PROTEASES; PLANT-PATHOGEN; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS AB Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Passalora fulva) is a biotrophic fungal pathogen that causes leaf mold of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). During growth in the apoplast, the fungus establishes disease by secreting effector proteins, 10 of which have been characterized. We have previously shown that the Avr2 effector interacts with the apoplastic tomato Cys protease Rcr3, which is required for Cf-2-mediated immunity. We now show that Avr2 is a genuine virulence factor of C. fulvum. Heterologous expression of Avr2 in Arabidopsis thaliana causes enhanced susceptibility toward extracellular fungal pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae, and microarray analysis showed that Avr2 expression triggers a global transcriptome reflecting pathogen challenge. Cys protease activity profiling showed that Avr2 inhibits multiple extracellular Arabidopsis Cys proteases. In tomato, Avr2 expression caused enhanced susceptibility toward Avr2-defective C. fulvum strains and also toward B. cinerea and V. dahliae. Cys protease activity profiling in tomato revealed that, in this plant also, Avr2 inhibits multiple extracellular Cys proteases, including Rcr3 and its close relative Pip1. Finally, silencing of Avr2 significantly compromised C. fulvum virulence on tomato. We conclude that Avr2 is a genuine virulence factor of C. fulvum that inhibits several Cys proteases required for plant basal defense. C1 [van Esse, H. Peter; van't Klooster, John W.; Bolton, Melvin D.; Yadeta, Koste A.; de Wit, Pierre J. G. M.; Thomma, Bart P. H. J.] Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6709 PD Wageningen, Netherlands. [van Esse, H. Peter; de Wit, Pierre J. G. M.; Thomma, Bart P. H. J.] Ctr Biosyst Genom, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bolton, Melvin D.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Bolton, Melvin D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [van Baarlen, Peter] TI Food & Nutr, NL-6700 AN Wageningen, Netherlands. [van Baarlen, Peter] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Nijmegen Ctr Mol Life Sci, Ctr Mol & Biomol Informat, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Boeren, Sjef; Vervoort, Jacques] Wageningen Univ, Biochem Lab, NL-6703 HA Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Thomma, BPHJ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Phytopathol Lab, NL-6709 PD Wageningen, Netherlands. EM bart.thomma@wur.nl RI van Baarlen, Peter/B-8699-2009; de Wit, Pierre/A-1998-2013; Thomma, Bart/E-5959-2011; OI de Wit, Pierre/0000-0002-4208-288X; Thomma, Bart/0000-0003-4125-4181; van Esse, Peter/0000-0002-3667-060X; van Baarlen, Peter/0000-0003-3530-5472 FU Research Council for Earth and Life sciences (ALW); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Centre for BioSystems Genomics; Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; European Commission [BIOEXPLOIT CT-2005513959] FX B.P.H.J.T. is supported by a Vidi grant of the Research Council for Earth and Life sciences (ALW) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). This project was cofinanced by the Centre for BioSystems Genomics, which is part of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, and by the European Commission Integrated Project BIOEXPLOIT CT-2005513959. The authors thank Bert Essenstam, Teus van den Brink, and Henk Smid at Unifarm for excellent plant care, H. Overkleeft and M. Leeuwenburgh for providing DCG-04, Guido van den Ackerveken, Klaas Bouwmeester, and Pieter van Poppel for help with pathogen assays, and Matthieu Joosten for helpful suggestions and critically reading the manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 93 TC 125 Z9 127 U1 4 U2 41 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JUL PY 2008 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1948 EP 1963 DI 10.1105/tpc.108.059394 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 341PE UT WOS:000258725600021 PM 18660430 ER PT J AU Larsen, RC Miklas, PN Eastwell, KC Grau, CR AF Larsen, Richard C. Miklas, Phillip N. Eastwell, Kenneth C. Grau, Craig R. TI A strain of Clover yellow vein virus that causes severe pod necrosis disease in snap bean SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM LINES RESISTANT; MOSAIC-VIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; REGISTRATION; POTYVIRUSES AB Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) outbreaks occurring since 2000 have been associated with severe virus epidemics in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production in the Great Lakes region. Our objective was to identify specific viruses associated with the disease complex observed in the region and to survey bean germplasm for sources of resistance to the causal agents. The principle causal agent of the disease complex associated with extensive pod necrosis was identified as Clover yellow vein virus (CIYVV), designated CIYVV-WI. The virus alone caused severe mosaic, apical necrosis, and stunting. Putative coat protein amino acid sequence from clones of amplicons generated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was 98% identical to CIYVV strain no. 30 identified in Japan that has not been reported to cause pod necrosis. CIYVV-WI amplicons were 96% identical to a mild strain of CIYVV from Oregon. A distinguishing feature of this new strain is that it does not react with Potyvirus broad-spectrum monoclonal antibody PTY 1. A survey of common bean lines and cultivars revealed that, in addition to UI-31 and US1 140 with known resistance to CIYVV, lines with the bc-3 gene for resistance to Bean common mosaic necrosis virus also were resistant to CIYVV-WI. An evaluation of 63 snap bean cultivars and breeding lines revealed just one, Roma 442, with a moderate level of tolerance to CIYVV-WI. Introgression of the bc-3 gene and resistances from UI-31 and US1 140 into snap bean may offer a high level of resistance to extensive pod necrosis disease caused by CIYVV in the Great Lakes region. C1 [Larsen, Richard C.; Miklas, Phillip N.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Eastwell, Kenneth C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Grau, Craig R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Larsen, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM richard.larsen@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1026 EP 1032 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1026 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800005 ER PT J AU Xue, HQ Upchurch, RG Kwanyuen, P AF Xue, H. Q. Upchurch, R. G. Kwanyuen, P. TI Relationships between oleic and linoleic acid content and seed colonization by Cercospora kikuchii and Diaporthe phaseolorum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING SOYBEAN SEEDS; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; PEANUT LINES; FATTY-ACIDS; TEMPERATURE; ASPERGILLUS; OIL; METABOLISM; RESISTANCE; INFECTION AB Compared with standard cultivars, seed of mid-oleic soybean genotypes sometimes have shown increased colonization by Cercospora kikuchii in the field as judged by increased levels of purple-stained seed. To examine relationships between oleic and linoleic acid levels in soybean seed and postharvest seed colonization by two fungal seed pathogens, we inoculated seed with differing oleic:linoleic acid (O/L) ratios. Seed with defined O/L ratios were produced by allowing seed development of two isogenic soybean lines to occur in three different air temperature environments. Seed produced in these environments were harvested, individually analyzed for fatty acid composition, and inoculated with mycelium preparations of the fungal seed pathogens C. kikuchii or Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae. Fungal biomass of infected seed was quantified by measuring in vitro ergosterol content. For both soybean lines, colonization by C. kikitchii was positively correlated with the OIL ratio (r = 0.55, P < 0.03) and oleic acid content (r = 0.61, P < 0.02), and negatively correlated with linoleic (r = -0.60, P < 0.02) and linotenic (r = -0.58, P < 0.03) acid content. No association was found between the extent of seed colonization by L). phaseolorum and the seed O/L ratio. Our data suggest that the O/L ratio may be related to soybean seed colonization by C. kikuchii, but there is no evidence of a relationship with D. phaseolorum var. sojae colonization. C1 [Upchurch, R. G.; Kwanyuen, P.] USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Xue, H. Q.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Upchurch, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM greg.upchurch@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1038 EP 1042 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1038 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800007 ER PT J AU Liu, HY Lewellen, T AF Liu, H. -Y. Lewellen, T. TI Suppression of resistance-breaking Beet necrotic yellow vein virus isolates by beet oak-leaf virus in sugar beet SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BETA-VULGARIS; UNITED-STATES; RHIZOMANIA RESISTANCE; REGISTRATION; BNYVV AB Rhizomania, a serious disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), is caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). Resistance allele Rz1 has been widely incorporated into commercial cultivars. Recently, resistance-breaking isolates of BNYVV (RB-BNYVV) were identified and characterized. When the occurrence of RB-BNYVV was surveyed throughout the sugar-beet-growing areas in the United States, most soil samples contained Beet oak-leaf virus (BOLV) as well. BNYVV and BOLV often occurred in the same field and sometimes in the same sugar beet plant. The possibility of interactions between these two Polymyxa betae-transmitted sugar beet viruses was tested. Plants grown in soils infested with aviruliferous P betae or carrying RB-BNYVV and BOLV, alone and in combination, were compared with plants grown in noninfested soil for differences in plant fresh weight and virus content as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rz1 and Rz2 resistance genes that condition resistance to BNYVV did not confer resistance to BOLV. BNYVV ELISA values were significantly higher in single infections than in mixed infections with BOLV in both the rhizomania-resistant and -susceptible cultivars. In contrast, ELISA values of BOLV were not significantly different between single and mixed infections in both the rhizomania-resistant and -susceptible cultivars. Results indicate that BOLV may suppress BNYVV in mixed infections. Soils infested with P. betae significantly reduced fresh weight of sugar beet seedlings regardless of whether they were with or without one or both viruses or resistance genes. C1 [Liu, H. -Y.; Lewellen, T.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Liu, HY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Hsingyeh.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1043 EP 1047 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1043 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800008 ER PT J AU Gee, CT Gadoury, DM Cadle-Davidson, L AF Gee, Christopher T. Gadoury, David M. Cadle-Davidson, Lance TI Ontogenic resistance to Uncinula necator varies by genotype and tissue type in a diverse collection of Vitis spp. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE adult plant resistance; age-related resistance; Erysiphe necotor; genetic resources ID AGE-RELATED RESISTANCE; POWDERY MILDEW; GRAPE BERRIES; PLANT-RESISTANCE; DOWNY MILDEW; PATHOGENS AB Berries of grapevine (Vitis spp.) have a limited window of susceptibility to Uncinula necator, the causal agent of grapevine powdery mildew, until the onset of ontogenic resistance approximately 2 to 3 weeks postbloom. This phenomenon has been demonstrated in several cultivars of V. vinifera and in V. labruscana 'Concord', which all exhibited a similar duration of susceptibility. To identify genetic variation for ontogenic resistance, we screened a diverse collection of Vitis species and interspecific hybrids maintained in the USDA-ARS cold-hardy Vitis germplasm collection in Geneva, NY. Of the 79 genotypes whose fruit clusters were screened for susceptibility to powdery mildew under field conditions, 50 exhibited a high level of constitutive resistance to powdery mildew and did not develop more than trace levels of disease when inoculated, irrespective of the stage of berry development at inoculation. Twenty-four genotypes exhibited a significant gain of resistance as berries aged. This ontogenic resistance was conserved across four species and several interspecific hybrids of Vitis spp., although the timing of the onset of ontogenic resistance varied by genotype. The mechanism of ontogenic resistance was examined for four genotypes. Similar to previous studies, ontogenic resistance greatly reduced the incidence of successful penetration. Despite the broad conservation of ontogenic resistance across species, one genotype (V. rupestris 'R-65-44') remained susceptible past the onset of ripening, over 1 month later than reported previously for V. vinfera and V labruscana. Variation in the resistance phenotype was observed among the rachis, pedicels, and berries within clusters of the majority of genotypes studied. The genetic variation in ontogenic resistance, in particular the discovery of a genotype in which berries remain susceptible as they mature, will facilitate further study of the inheritance and molecular basis of ontogenic resistance. C1 [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Gee, Christopher T.; Gadoury, David M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Cadle-Davidson, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM Lance.CadleDavidson@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1067 EP 1073 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1067 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800012 ER PT J AU Parks, R Carbone, I Murphy, JP Marshall, D Cowger, C AF Parks, Ryan Carbone, Ignazio Murphy, J. Paul Marshall, David Cowger, Christina TI Virulence structure of the Eastern US wheat powdery mildew population SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Blumeria graminis f. sp tritici; Triticum aestivum ID F-SP TRITICI; WINTER-WHEAT; RESISTANCE GENES; COMMON WHEAT; SP. TRITICI; SP HORDEI; REGISTRATION; CULTIVARS; CLEISTOTHECIA; FREQUENCIES AB Little is known about the population structure of wheat powdery mildew in the eastern United States, and the most recent report on virulence in this population involved isolates collected in 1993-94. In the present study, wheat leaves naturally infected with powdery mildew were collected from 10 locations in the southeastern United States in 2003 and 2005 and a collection of 207 isolates was derived from single ascospores. Frequencies of virulence to 16 mildew resistance (Pm) genes were determined by inoculating the isolates individually on replicated plates of detached leaves of differential wheat lines. These virulence frequencies were used to infer local effectiveness of Pm genes, estimate virulence complexity, detect significant associations between pairs of pathogen avirulence loci, and assess whether phenotypic differences between pathogen subpopulations increased with geographic distance. In both years, virulence to Pm3a, Pm3c, Pm5a, and Pm7 was present in more than 90% of sampled isolates and virulence to Pm1a, Pm16, Pm17, and Pm25 was present in fewer than 10% of isolates. In each year, 71 to 88% of all sampled isolates possessed one of a few multilocus virulence phenotypes, although there were significant differences among locations in frequencies of virulence to individual Pm genes. Several significant associations were detected between alleles for avirulence to pairs of Pm genes. Genetic (phenotypic) distance between isolate subpopulations increased significantly (R-2 = 0.40, P < 0.001) with increasing geographic separation; possible explanations include different commercial deployment of Pin genes and restricted gene flow in the pathogen population. C1 [Parks, Ryan; Marshall, David; Cowger, Christina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Parks, R (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM wrparks@ncsu.edu NR 45 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1074 EP 1082 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1074 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800013 ER PT J AU Zhang, JX Singh, RP Kohner, JA Huerta-Espino, J Jin, Y Anderson, JA AF Zhang, J. X. Singh, R. P. Kohner, J. A. Huerta-Espino, J. Jin, Y. Anderson, J. A. TI Genetics of leaf rust resistance in brambling wheat SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE durable resistance; temperature sensitivity ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-RECONDITA; PHYSIOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; UNITED-STATES; COMMON WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; CULTIVARS; LR34; INHERITANCE AB The CIMMYT-developed spring wheat 'Brambling' has a high level of adult-plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. Our objectives were to determine the genetic basis of resistance in seedlings and adult plants and the magnitude of genotype x environment effects on the expression of APR. Brambling was crossed with spring wheat 'Jupateco 73S' that is highly susceptible to current predominant P. triticina races in Mexico and the United States. The F-1, F-2:3, F-4:5, F-4:6, and F-5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were evaluated under artificial field epidemics in Mexico and St. Paul, MN, The RILs also were tested with five races of P. triticina in greenhouse seedling experiments. A DNA marker was used to postulate the presence of slow-rusting gene Lr34 in the RILs. F, data suggested strong dominant effect of the APR genes in Brambling. The proportion of homozygous susceptible lines in each generation indicated the presence of three effective resistance genes in adult plants of Brambling in tests in Mexico and three or four genes in tests in St. Paul. The RILs segregated for seedling genes Lr14a and Lr23 and adult-plant slow-rusting gene Lr34 derived from Brambling and Lr17a from Jupateco 73S. Gene Lr23 conditioned APR to P. triticina races present in the St. Paul nursery and accounted for the additional effective gene at this location. Expression of APR was influenced by the environment in the RILs, even though Brambling displayed a consistent response, indicating that stability of APR can be achieved by combinations of slow-rusting resistance genes. C1 [Zhang, J. X.; Anderson, J. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Singh, R. P.] CIMMYT, Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Kohner, J. A.; Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Huerta-Espino, J.] INIFAP, Chapingo 56230, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. RP Anderson, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ander3l9@umn.edu NR 37 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1111 EP 1118 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1111 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800018 ER PT J AU Adkins, S Webb, SE Baker, CA Kousik, CS AF Adkins, Scott Webb, Susan E. Baker, Carlye A. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. TI Squash vein yellowing virus detection using nested polymerase chain reaction demonstrates that the cucurbit weed Momordica charantia is a reservoir host SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID WATERMELON; IDENTIFICATION; FLORIDA AB Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) is a recently described ipomovirus from cucurbits in Florida that induces the relatively unusual symptoms in watermelon of plant death and fruit rind necrosis and discoloration, commonly known in Florida as watermelon vine decline. In this report, SqVYV infection of Momordica charantia (Balsam-apple), a common cucurbit weed, collected in 2005 and 2007 from within or adjacent to fields of declining watermelon, is demonstrated through the use of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). M. charantia plants located in or around fallow watermelon fields between spring and fall 2007 watermelon crops were also infected with SqVYV, indicating that this weed can serve as an oversummering host for this virus. Furthermore, whiteflies were able to acquire SqVYV from infected M. charantia and transmit it to squash and watermelon. Nested PCR was 10 to 1,000 times more sensitive than non-nested PCR for SqVYV detection in several cucurbit hosts, including M. charantia and watermelon. Melothria pendula (creeping cucumber), another common cucurbit weed, was experimentally infected with SqVYV. These results suggest that improved management of M. charantia and other cucurbit weeds needs to be incorporated into watermelon vine decline management plans to reduce sources of SqVYV and other cucurbit viruses. C1 [Adkins, Scott] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Webb, Susan E.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Baker, Carlye A.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32614 USA. [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM scott.adkins@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1119 EP 1123 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1119 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800019 ER PT J AU Omer, MA Johnson, DA Douhan, LI Hamm, PB Rowe, RC AF Omer, M. A. Johnson, D. A. Douhan, L. I. Hamm, P. B. Rowe, R. C. TI Detection, quantification, and vegetative compatibility of Verticillium dahliae in potato and mint production soils in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mentha; potato early dying; Solanum tuberosum ID INOCULUM DENSITY; WILT DISEASE; MICROSCLEROTIA; PATHOGENICITY; POPULATIONS; PEPPERMINT; MANAGEMENT; RESISTANCE; CULTIVARS; MUTANTS AB Soil samples from 87 fields intended for potato production in the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon and 51 fields intended for mint production in Washington were assayed on a semiselective medium to quantify populations of Verticillium dahliae. The pathogen was isolated from 77 (89%) of the fields intended for potato production and 41 (80%) of the fields intended for mint production. Population densities ranged from 0 to 169 propagules/g of air-dried soil in fields intended for potato production and 0 to 75 propagules/g of air-dried soil in fields intended for mint production. Isolates of V dahliae were recovered from soil assay plates and pure cultures were prepared to provide a collection of isolates for vegetative compatibility analysis. Among fields intended for potato production from which isolates of the fungus were assigned to a vegetative compatibility group (VCG), 93% of the fields were found to contain one or more isolates assigned to VCG 4A, nine (23%) contained one or more isolates assigned to VCG4B, and only one (3%) contained any isolates assigned to VCG 2B. In the case of fields planned for mint production in 1999 from which isolates of the fungus were assigned to a VCG, 13 fields (8) %) were found to contain one or more isolates assigned to VCG 4A, 7 (44%) contained one or more isolates assigned to VCG 4B, and 5 (3 1 %) contained one or more isolates assigned to VCG 2B. VCG 4A isolates of V dahliae are widespread and numerous, particularly following potato production, but cause only mild to moderate symptoms in mint; therefore, this pathotype is unlikely to seriously endanger subsequent plantings of mint. However, planting potato in a field recently used to produce mint may pose a significant risk to the potato crop if high populations of the VCG4A pathotype (highly aggressive to potato) predominate. Preplant assessment of soil populations of V dahliae without regard for the relative populations of various pathotypes present in a particular sample may lead to information not fully useful in integrated pest management systems. C1 [Rowe, R. C.] Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Omer, M. A.] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Johnson, D. A.; Douhan, L. I.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hamm, P. B.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Hermiston, OR USA. RP Rowe, RC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM rowe.4@osu.edu NR 35 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1131 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1127 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800021 ER PT J AU Wechter, WP Keinath, AP Smith, JP Farnham, MW AF Wechter, W. P. Keinath, A. P. Smith, J. P. Farnham, M. W. TI First report of severe outbreaks of bacterial leaf spot of leafy brassica greens caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in South Carolina SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Wechter, W. P.; Farnham, M. W.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Keinath, A. P.] Clemson Univ, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Smith, J. P.] Clemson Univ, Lexington, SC 29072 USA. RP Wechter, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1134 EP 1134 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1134C PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800030 ER PT J AU Smiley, RW Yan, GP Handoo, ZA AF Smiley, R. W. Yan, G. P. Handoo, Z. A. TI First record of the cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi on wheat in Oregon SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID AVENAE C1 [Smiley, R. W.; Yan, G. P.] Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. [Handoo, Z. A.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Smiley, RW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Columbia Basin Agr Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR USA. NR 4 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1136 EP 1136 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-7-1136B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 315JD UT WOS:000256873800035 ER PT J AU Zhu, CS Gore, M Buckler, ES Yu, JM AF Zhu, Chengsong Gore, Michael Buckler, Edward S. Yu, Jianming TI Status and Prospects of Association Mapping in Plants SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Review AB There is tremendous interest in using association mapping to identify genes responsible for quantitative variation of complex traits with agricultural and evolutionary importance. Recent advances in genomic technology, impetus to exploit natural diversity, and development of robust statistical analysis methods make association mapping appealing and affordable to plant research programs. Association mapping identifies quantitative trait loci (QTLs) by examining the marker-trait associations that can be attributed to the strength of linkage disequilibrium between markers and functional polymorphisms across a set of diverse germplasm. General understanding of association mapping has increased significantly since its debut in plants. We have seen a more concerted effort in assembling various association-mapping populations and initiating experiments through either candidate-gene or genome-wide approaches in different plant species. In this review, we describe the current status of association mapping in plants and outline opportunities and challenges in complex trait dissection and genomics-assisted crop improvement. C1 [Zhu, Chengsong; Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gore, Michael] Cornell Univ, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Div, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Yu, JM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jyu@ksu.edu RI Zhu, Chengsong/F-8045-2011 FU National Research Initiative (NRI) Plant Genome Program of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (CSREES) [2006-03578]; USDA-ARS; United States National Science Foundation [DBI-9872631, DBI-0321467]; Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission; Kansas State University FX This project is supported by the National Research Initiative (NRI) Plant Genome Program of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (CSREES) (2006-03578) (JY). We acknowledge other funding support from USDA-ARS (ESB), United States National Science Foundation (DBI-9872631 and DBI-0321467) (ESB), Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission (JY), and the Targeted Excellence Program of Kansas State University (JY). NR 143 TC 404 Z9 431 U1 14 U2 148 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 5 EP 20 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.02.0089 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WL UT WOS:000208575600002 ER PT J AU Koo, BC Bushman, BS Mott, IW AF Koo, B. C. Bushman, B. S. Mott, I. W. TI Transcripts Associated with Non-Acclimated Freezing Response in Two Barley Cultivars SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB Plants subjected to spring freezes are usually not acclimated sufficiently long to confer tolerance to sub-zero freezing stress in contrast to fall-grown plants which experience an acclimation period. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) periodically suffers from late spring freezes in areas throughout the world, with significant yield loss. We examined the response of 'Dicktoo' and 'Keunal' barley varieties to non-acclimated freezing (NAF) (-3 degrees C) at the jointing stage using the barley22K Affymetrix GeneChip to measure transcript abundances. Dicktoo was tolerant of NAF freezing for a longer period of time than Keunal, and had substantially more variable microarray probesets under the NAF treatment. Three hundred and thirteen probesets were selected as responsive genes to NAF based on their differential response in Dicktoo vs. Keunal. Seventy-one of these probesets had homology-based annotations, with 49 of them showing reduced transcript levels in Dicktoo NAF vs. Dicktoo control, Keunal control, and Keunal NAF treatments, and 22 showing increased transcript levels. Transcription factors, circadian related genes, and other genes involved in photoperiod response were represented among the probesets upregulated in Dicktoo NAF compared to Keunal NAF, while genes involved in RNA metabolism and water and sugar transport were downregulated. The transcriptome response of both Dicktoo and Keunal to NAF also differed from acclimation-based freezing treatments, with 43% of Dicktoo NAF and 37% of Keunal NAF probesets unique. C1 [Bushman, B. S.; Mott, I. W.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Koo, B. C.] Natl Inst Crop Sci, RDA, Suwon 441857, South Korea. RP Bushman, BS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 N,1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM shaun.bushman@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 21 EP 32 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.06.0344 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WL UT WOS:000208575600003 ER PT J AU Yamasaki, M Schroeder, SG Sanchez-Villeda, H Gaut, BS McMullen, MD AF Yamasaki, Masanori Schroeder, Steven G. Sanchez-Villeda, Hector Gaut, Brandon S. McMullen, Michael D. TI Empirical Analysis of Selection Screens for Domestication and Improvement Loci in Maize by Extended DNA Sequencing SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB Both domestication and crop improvement in maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) have involved selection of specific alleles at genes controlling key morphologic and agronomic traits, resulting in reduced genetic diversity relative to unselected genes. This difference in genetic diversity has led to the development of genomic screens for artificial selection in maize that have identified similar to 50 candidate agronomic genes. One limitation of these initial genome screens is that the short length of the alignment (average length < 300 bp) restricts the statistical power and may lead to false positives. The major objective of this research was to provide an empirical determination of the false positive rate of genomic screens for artificial selection in maize. Therefore, we performed extended sequencing throughout the available gene sequence of 27 previously identified selection candidates using maize inbred, maize landrace (for 12 genes), and teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) accessions. The extended sequence alignments (average length > 2000 bp) allowed clear separation of strong candidates for selection from those that cannot be distinguished from the tail of the diversity distribution of all maize genes. The extended alignments also allowed linkage disequilibrium to be considered in evaluating a candidate's selection status. This proved particularly useful in distinguishing selection at domestication versus subsequent crop improvement. C1 [Yamasaki, Masanori; Schroeder, Steven G.; Sanchez-Villeda, Hector; McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Gaut, Brandon S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dep Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [McMullen, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP McMullen, MD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM mcmullenm@missouri.edu OI Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150 FU National Science Foundation [DBI0321467]; USDA-ARS; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation Plant Genome Award DBI0321467, by research funds provided by USDA-ARS (M. D. M.), and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad in 2004 (M.Y.). We thank Kate Guill for technical assistance. Names of products are necessary to report factually on available data; however, neither the USDA nor any other participating institution guarantees or warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name does not imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2007.09.0530 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WL UT WOS:000208575600004 ER PT J AU Libault, M Thibivilliers, S Bilgin, DD Radwan, O Benitez, M Clough, SJ Stacey, G AF Libault, M. Thibivilliers, S. Bilgin, D. D. Radwan, O. Benitez, M. Clough, S. J. Stacey, G. TI Identification of Four Soybean Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB Gene expression analysis requires the use of reference genes constitutively expressed independently of tissues or environmental conditions. Housekeeping genes (e. g., actin, tubulin, ribosomal, polyubiquitin, and elongation factor 1-alpha) are commonly used as reference genes with the assumption that they are uniformly expressed. In many cases, however, this assumption was shown to be incorrect. To provide reliable reference genes in soybean [Glycine max (L.)], we surveyed a set of genes that showed little variation in a nodulation study across a series of soybean microarray experiments. More than 200 putative reference genes were identified. We focused on 18 for further analysis using additional cDNA and Affymetrix arrays and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reactions. Taken together, these experiments allowed us to test the expression stability of these genes in 130 different conditions, confirming four soybean genes as new reference genes (annotated as ATP-binding cassette [ABC] transporter, F-box protein family, metalloprotease, and CDPK-related protein kinase). These genes should be useful for normalization of gene expression studies in soybean, an important crop plant. C1 [Libault, M.; Thibivilliers, S.; Stacey, G.] Univ Missouri, Dep Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Div Plant Sci,Christopher S Bond Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Bilgin, D. D.; Radwan, O.; Benitez, M.; Clough, S. J.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Clough, S. J.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Libault, M.; Thibivilliers, S.; Stacey, G.] Univ Missouri, Dep Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Div Biochem,Christopher S Bond Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Stacey, G (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dep Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Div Plant Sci,Christopher S Bond Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM staceyg@missouri.edu FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0421620] FX This work was funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Program, #DBI-0421620. We thank Laurent Brechenmacher, Bernarda Calla, and Jin Zhu for providing unpublished microarray expression data to survey, and Roger Boerma for providing the soybean leaves infected by the Asian soybean rust. We thank German Bollero for his advice on the statistical analysis that led to the original identification of 217 candidate soybean reference genes. We thank Andrea Hurley-Sommer for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 138 Z9 150 U1 4 U2 26 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 44 EP 54 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.02.0091 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WL UT WOS:000208575600005 ER PT J AU Reddy, L Friesen, TL Meinhardt, SW Chao, SAM Faris, JD AF Reddy, Leela Friesen, Timothy L. Meinhardt, Steven W. Chao, Shiaoman Faris, Justin D. TI Genomic Analysis of the Snn1 Locus on Wheat Chromosome Arm 1BS and the Identification of Candidate Genes SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB The pathogen Stagonospora nodorum produces multiple host-selective toxins (HSTs) that induce cell death and necrosis in sensitive wheat (Triticum sp.) genotypes. One such HST is SnTox1, which interacts with the host gene Snn1 on wheat chromosome arm 1BS to cause necrosis leading to disease susceptibility. Toward the positional cloning of Snn1, we developed saturated and high-resolution maps of the Snn1 locus and evaluated colinearity of the region with rice (Oryza sativa L.). An F-2 population of 120 individuals derived from 'Chinese Spring' (CS) and the CS-T. dicoccoides chromosome 1B disomic substitution line was used to map 54 markers consisting of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), simple sequence repeats, and bin mapped expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Colinearity between wheat 1BS and rice was determined by aligning EST and RFLP probe sequences to the rice genome. Overall, colinearity was poorly conserved due to numerous complex chromosomal rearrangements, and of 48 wheat EST-RFLP sequences mapped, 30 had significant similarity to sequences on nine different rice chromosomes. However, 12 of the wheat sequences had similarity to sequences on rice chromosome 5 and were in a colinear arrangement with only a few exceptions, including an inversion of the markers flanking Snn1. High-resolution mapping of the Snn1 locus in 8510 gametes delineated the gene to a 0.46-cM interval. Two EST-derived markers that cosegregated with Snn1 were found to share homology to nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat-like genes and are considered potential candidates for Snn1. C1 [Friesen, Timothy L.; Chao, Shiaoman; Faris, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Reddy, Leela] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Meinhardt, Steven W.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM justin.faris@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5442-22000-030] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-030. NR 53 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2008.03.0181 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WL UT WOS:000208575600006 ER PT J AU Dinkins, RD Majee, SM Nayak, NR Martin, D Xu, Q Belcastro, MP Houtz, RL Beach, CM Downie, AB AF Dinkins, Randy D. Majee, Susmita Maitra Nayak, Nihar R. Martin, David Xu, Qilong Belcastro, Marisa P. Houtz, Robert L. Beach, Carol M. Downie, A. Bruce TI Changing transcriptional initiation sites and alternative 5 '- and 3 '-splice site selection of the first intron deploys Arabidopsis PROTEIN ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 variants to different subcellular compartments SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE transcription; splicing; isoaspartate; methyltransferase; subcellular compartment; repair ID L-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE; ASPARTYL PROTEIN METHYLTRANSFERASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CARBOXYL METHYLTRANSFERASE; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; REPAIR HYPOTHESIS; STORAGE PROTEINS; THIOREDOXIN-H; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION AB Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. possesses two PROTEIN-L-ISOASPARTATE METHYLTRANSFERASE (PIMT) genes encoding enzymes (EC 2.1.1.77) capable of converting uncoded L-isoaspartyl residues, arising spontaneously at L-asparaginyl and L-aspartyl sites in proteins, to L-aspartate. PIMT2 produces at least eight transcripts by using four transcriptional initiation sites (TIS; resulting in three different initiating methionines) and both 5'- and 3'-alternative splice site selection of the first intron. The transcripts produce mature proteins capable of converting L-isoaspartate to L-aspartate in small peptide substrates. PIMT: GFP fusion proteins generated a detectable signal in the nucleus. However, whether the protein was also detectable in the cytoplasm, endo-membrane system, chloroplasts, and/or mitochondria, depended on the transcript from which it was produced. On-blot-methylation of proteins, prior to the completion of germination, indicated that cruciferin subunits contain isoaspartate. The implications of using transcriptional mechanisms to expand a single gene's repertoire to protein variants capable of entry into the cell's various compartments are discussed in light of PIMT's presumed role in repairing the proteome. C1 [Majee, Susmita Maitra; Nayak, Nihar R.; Martin, David; Xu, Qilong; Houtz, Robert L.; Downie, A. Bruce] Univ Kentucky, Dept Hort, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Dinkins, Randy D.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Agr Sci Ctr N220C, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Belcastro, Marisa P.] Univ Kentucky, Agr Biotechnol Undergrad Program, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Beach, Carol M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Downie, AB (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Hort, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM adownie@uky.edu OI Dinkins, Randy/0000-0002-2127-273X FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR020171] NR 64 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 55 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03471.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 325EV UT WOS:000257572300001 PM 18318686 ER PT J AU Wang, SH Liu, JK Feng, YY Niu, XL Giovannoni, J Liu, YS AF Wang, Songhu Liu, Jikai Feng, Yuanyuan Niu, Xiangli Giovannoni, Jim Liu, Yongsheng TI Altered plastid levels and potential for improved fruit nutrient content by downregulation of the tomato DDB1-interacting protein CUL4 SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fruit quality; DDB1; cullin4; plastid division; carotenogenesis; tomato ID E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE; HIGH-PIGMENT-1 MUTANT; BETA-CAROTENE; ARABIDOPSIS; DDB1; DET1; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE; GENE; HOMOLOG AB Fruits are a major source of nutrition in human diets, providing carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins and phytonutrients. Carotenoids are a principal class of compounds found in many fruits, providing nutritional benefits both as precursors to essential vitamins and as antioxidants. Molecular characterization revealed that the tomato high pigment mutant genes (hp1 and hp2) encode UV-DAMAGED DNA BINDING PROTEIN-1 (DDB1) and DE-ETIOLATED-1 (DET1) homologs, respectively, and both are essential components of the recently identified CUL4-based E3 ligase complex. Here we have isolated a tomato CUL4 homolog and performed yeast two-hybrid assays to suggest possible association of tomato DDB1 with CUL4 and DET1. Real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that both HP1 and CUL4 are expressed constitutively. Abscisic acid is implicated in plastid division control and its application substantially enhances HP1/DDB1 mRNA accumulation. Transformation of constructs expressing CUL4-YFP and DDB1-YFP fusion proteins driven by the CaMV 35S promoter reveals that both CUL4 and DDB1 are targeted to tomato plastids and nuclei simultaneously. Using fruit-specific promoters combined with RNAi technology, we show that downregulated DDB1 expression in transgenic fruits results in a significant increase in the number of plastids and corresponding enhanced pigment accumulation. CUL4-RNAi repression lines provide insight regarding CUL4 function during tomato development, and reveal that this tomato cullin is important in the regulation of plastid number and pigmentation, which in turn have a direct impact on fruit nutrient quality. C1 [Wang, Songhu; Liu, Jikai; Feng, Yuanyuan; Niu, Xiangli; Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Wang, Songhu; Liu, Jikai; Feng, Yuanyuan; Niu, Xiangli; Liu, Yongsheng] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. [Giovannoni, Jim] Cornell Univ, Robert Holly Ctr, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, Jim] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Liu, Yongsheng] SW Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Engn, Mianyang 621002, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YS (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioresource & Ecoenvironm, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China. EM liuyongsheng1122@yahoo.com.cn NR 48 TC 54 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 55 IS 1 BP 89 EP 103 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03489.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 325EV UT WOS:000257572300008 PM 18363785 ER PT J AU Shulaev, V Korban, SS Sosinski, B Abbott, AG Aldwinckle, HS Folta, KM Iezzoni, A Main, D Arus, P Dandekar, AM Lewers, K Brown, SK Davis, TM Gardiner, SE Potter, D Veilleux, RE AF Shulaev, Vladimir Korban, Schuyler S. Sosinski, Bryon Abbott, Albert G. Aldwinckle, Herb S. Folta, Kevin M. Iezzoni, Amy Main, Dorrie Arus, Pere Dandekar, Abhaya M. Lewers, Kim Brown, Susan K. Davis, Thomas M. Gardiner, Susan E. Potter, Daniel Veilleux, Richard E. TI Multiple models for Rosaceae genomics SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; FRAGARIA-X-ANANASSA; PERSICA L. BATSCH; PRUNUS-ARMENIACA L.; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; MYB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; CHROMOSOME BAC LIBRARY; APPLE SCAB RESISTANCE; NUCLEAR-DNA CONTENT AB The plant family Rosaceae consists of over 100 genera and 3,000 species that include many important fruit, nut, ornamental, and wood crops. Members of this family provide high-value nutritional foods and contribute desirable aesthetic and industrial products. Most rosaceous crops have been enhanced by human intervention through sexual hybridization, asexual propagation, and genetic improvement since ancient times, 4,000 to 5,000 B. C. Modern breeding programs have contributed to the selection and release of numerous cultivars having significant economic impact on the U. S. and world markets. In recent years, the Rosaceae community, both in the United States and internationally, has benefited from newfound organization and collaboration that have hastened progress in developing genetic and genomic resources for representative crops such as apple (Malus spp.), peach (Prunus spp.), and strawberry (Fragaria spp.). These resources, including expressed sequence tags, bacterial artificial chromosome libraries, physical and genetic maps, and molecular markers, combined with genetic transformation protocols and bioinformatics tools, have rendered various rosaceous crops highly amenable to comparative and functional genomics studies. This report serves as a synopsis of the resources and initiatives of the Rosaceae community, recent developments in Rosaceae genomics, and plans to apply newly accumulated knowledge and resources toward breeding and crop improvement. C1 [Shulaev, Vladimir; Veilleux, Richard E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Shulaev, Vladimir; Veilleux, Richard E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Hort, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Korban, Schuyler S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sosinski, Bryon] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Abbott, Albert G.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Brown, Susan K.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Aldwinckle, Herb S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Folta, Kevin M.] Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Folta, Kevin M.] Plant Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Iezzoni, Amy] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Main, Dorrie] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Arus, Pere] UAB, IRTA, CSIC, Ctr Rec Agrigenom, Barcelona 08348, Spain. [Dandekar, Abhaya M.; Potter, Daniel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lewers, Kim] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Davis, Thomas M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Plant Biol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Gardiner, Susan E.] HortRes, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. RP Shulaev, V (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM vshulaev@vbi.vt.edu RI Gardiner, Susan/A-2477-2010; Arus, Pere/F-6443-2015 OI Gardiner, Susan/0000-0002-4884-8743; Arus, Pere/0000-0003-0939-8038 NR 180 TC 137 Z9 149 U1 3 U2 54 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 147 IS 3 BP 985 EP 1003 DI 10.1104/pp.107.115618 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 323NU UT WOS:000257454000008 PM 18487361 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Ferreira, D Wang, YH Khan, IA McInroy, JA Pan, ZQ AF Dayan, Franck E. Ferreira, Daneel Wang, Yan-Hong Khan, Ikhlas A. McInroy, John A. Pan, Zhiqiang TI A pathogenic fungi diphenyl ether phytotoxin targets plant enoyl (acyl carrier protein) reductase SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHESIS; TRICLOSAN ACTIVITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STRUCTURAL BASIS; MOLECULAR-BASIS; CELL-DEATH; INHIBITION; FABI; MECHANISM; SEQUENCE AB Cyperin is a natural diphenyl ether phytotoxin produced by several fungal plant pathogens. At high concentrations, this metabolite inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase, a key enzyme in porphyrin synthesis. However, unlike its herbicide structural analogs, the mode of action of cyperin is not light dependent, causing loss of membrane integrity in the dark. We report that this natural diphenyl ether inhibits Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) enoyl (acyl carrier protein) reductase (ENR). This enzyme is also sensitive to triclosan, a synthetic antimicrobial diphenyl ether. Whereas cyperin was much less potent than triclosan on this target site, their ability to cause light-independent disruption of membrane integrity and inhibition of ENR is similar at their respective phytotoxic concentrations. The sequence of ENR is highly conserved within higher plants and a homology model of Arabidopsis ENR was derived from the crystal structure of the protein from Brassica napus. Cyperin mimicked the binding of triclosan in the binding pocket of ENR. Both molecules were stabilized by the pi-pi stacking interaction between one of their phenyl rings and the nicotinamide ring of the NAD(+). Furthermore, the side chain of tyrosine is involved in hydrogen bonding with a phenolic hydroxy group of cyperin. Therefore, cyperin may contribute to the virulence of the pathogens by inhibiting ENR and destabilizing the membrane integrity of the cells surrounding the point of infection. C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Pan, Zhiqiang] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ferreira, Daneel; Wang, Yan-Hong] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ferreira, Daneel; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [McInroy, John A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM franck.dayan@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 49 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 147 IS 3 BP 1062 EP 1071 DI 10.1104/pp.108.118372 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 323NU UT WOS:000257454000013 PM 18467464 ER PT J AU Alos, E Roca, M Iglesias, DJ Minguez-Mosquera, MI Damasceno, CMB Thannhauser, TW Rose, JKC Talon, M Cercos, M AF Alos, Enriqueta Roca, Maria Jose Iglesias, Domingo Isabel Minguez-Mosquera, Maria Damasceno, Cynthia Maria Borges Thannhauser, Theodore William Rose, Jocelyn Kenneth Campbell Talon, Manuel Cercos, Manuel TI An evaluation of the basis and consequences of a stay-green mutation in the navel negra citrus mutant using transcriptomic and proteomic profiling and metabolite analysis SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CHLOROPHYLL CATABOLISM PATHWAY; LIGHT-INDUCIBLE PROTEIN; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DELAYED LEAF SENESCENCE; HARVESTING COMPLEX-II; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; FRUIT OLEA-EUROPAEA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE-EXPRESSION AB A Citrus sinensis spontaneous mutant, navel negra ( nan), produces fruit with an abnormal brown- colored flavedo during ripening. Analysis of pigment composition in the wild- type and nan flavedo suggested that typical ripening- related chlorophyll ( Chl) degradation, but not carotenoid biosynthesis, was impaired in the mutant, identifying nan as a type C stay- green mutant. nan exhibited normal expression of Chl biosynthetic and catabolic genes and chlorophyllase activity but no accumulation of dephytylated Chl compounds during ripening, suggesting that the mutation is not related to a lesion in any of the principal enzymatic steps in Chl catabolism. Transcript profiling using a citrus microarray indicated that a citrus ortholog of a number of SGR ( for STAY- GREEN) genes was expressed at substantially lower levels in nan, both prior to and during ripening. However, the pattern of catabolite accumulation and SGR sequence analysis suggested that the nan mutation is distinct from those in previously described stay- green mutants and is associated with an upstream regulatory step, rather than directly influencing a specific component of Chl catabolism. Transcriptomic and comparative proteomic profiling further indicated that the nan mutation resulted in the suppressed expression of numerous photosynthesis- related genes and in the induction of genes that are associated with oxidative stress. These data, along with metabolite analyses, suggest that nan fruit employ a number of molecular mechanisms to compensate for the elevated Chl levels and associated photooxidative stress. C1 [Alos, Enriqueta; Jose Iglesias, Domingo; Talon, Manuel; Cercos, Manuel] Ctr Genom, Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Roca, Maria; Isabel Minguez-Mosquera, Maria] Consejo Super Invest Cient, Inst Grasa, Dept Food Biotechnol, Chem & Biochem Pigments Grp, Seville 41012, Spain. [Damasceno, Cynthia Maria Borges; Rose, Jocelyn Kenneth Campbell] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thannhauser, Theodore William] Cornell Univ, USDA, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Talon, M (reprint author), Ctr Genom, Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Valencia 46113, Spain. EM talon_man@gva.es RI Damasceno, Cynthia/C-3074-2008; Iglesias, Domingo/C-9000-2014; Roca, Maria/H-4361-2015; Talon, Manuel/C-8540-2014; Alos, Enriqueta/E-7674-2012 OI Roca, Maria/0000-0003-3681-9846; Talon, Manuel/0000-0003-4291-9333; Alos, Enriqueta/0000-0003-2878-2617 NR 114 TC 47 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 147 IS 3 BP 1300 EP 1315 DI 10.1104/pp.108.119917 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 323NU UT WOS:000257454000031 PM 18467459 ER PT J AU Subramanyam, S Smith, DF Clemens, JC Webb, MA Sardesai, N Williams, CE AF Subramanyam, Subhashree Smith, David F. Clemens, James C. Webb, Mary A. Sardesai, Nagesh Williams, Christie E. TI Functional characterization of HFR1, a high-mannose N-glycan-specific wheat lectin induced by hessian fly larvae SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSGENIC POTATO PLANTS; MOTH LACANOBIA-OLERACEA; APHID MYZUS-PERSICAE; EVOLUTIONARY RELATED PROTEINS; GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR SAY; RICE BROWN PLANTHOPPER; TOMATO MOTH; ENHANCED RESISTANCE; SNOWDROP LECTIN AB We previously cloned and characterized a novel jacalin-like lectin gene from wheat ( Triticum aestivum) plants that responds to infestation by Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae, a major dipteran pest of this crop. The infested resistant plants accumulated higher levels of Hfr-1 ( for Hessian fly-responsive gene 1) transcripts compared with uninfested or susceptible plants. Here, we characterize the soluble and active recombinant His(6)- HFR1 protein isolated from Escherichia coli. Functional characterization of the protein using hemagglutination assays revealed lectin activity. Glycan microarray- binding assays indicated strong affinity of His(6)- HFR1 to Man alpha 1- 6( Man alpha 1- 3) Man trisaccharide structures. Resistant wheat plants accumulated high levels of HFR1 at the larval feeding sites, as revealed by immunodetection, but the avirulent larvae were deterred from feeding and consumed only small amounts of the lectin. Behavioral studies revealed that avirulent Hessian fly larvae on resistant plants exhibited prolonged searching and writhing behaviors as they unsuccessfully attempted to establish feeding sites. During His(6)- HFR1 feeding bioassays, Drosophila melanogaster larvae experienced significant delays in growth and pupation, while percentage mortality increased with progressively higher concentrations of His 6- HFR1 in the diet. Thus, HFR1 is an antinutrient to dipteran larvae and may play a significant role in deterring Hessian fly larvae from feeding on resistant wheat plants. C1 [Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Subramanyam, Subhashree] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Clemens, James C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Webb, Mary A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sardesai, Nagesh] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Smith, David F.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Prot Carbohydrate Interact Core H, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Williams, CE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM christie.williams@ars.usda.gov FU NIGMS NIH HHS [U54 GM062116] NR 79 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 147 IS 3 BP 1412 EP 1426 DI 10.1104/pp.108.116145 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 323NU UT WOS:000257454000040 PM 18467454 ER PT J AU Cara, B Giovannoni, JJ AF Cara, Beatriz Giovannoni, James J. TI Molecular biology of ethylene during tomato fruit development and maturation SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE ethylene; fruit; ripening; signal transduction; tomato; transcriptional regulation ID 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE GENE; ARABIDOPSIS ETR1 GENE; RAF-LIKE KINASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; RESPONSE PATHWAY; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; POLYGALACTURONASE GENE; MULTIGENE FAMILY; RIPENING MUTANTS AB Important traits for complete ripening and consumer fruit quality preferences include development of aroma, flavor, color, texture, and nutritional quality. These attributes are influenced by the endogenously produced hormone ethylene in many fleshy fruits such as apple, avocado, banana, mango, pear and tomato. Even in species where endogenous ethylene seems to play little if any role as an endogenous regulator, exogenous ethylene will often promote ripening characteristics and can be the target of post-harvest strategies designed to accelerate, synchronize or delay ripening. In recent decades the YANG cycle for ethylene biosynthesis has been revealed and characterized at the molecular level with much of this important work done via the analysis of fruit systems. However, the genetic regulation that controls ethylene production at different developmental stages of fruits has only recently begun to be studied. Tomato has emerged as the primary model plant to further understand the molecular biology that controls ethylene synthesis and additional ripening regulators during fruit development. Here we summarize data pertaining to ethylene biology specifically as related to fruit maturation and including recent insights into genetic control of the ripening process prior to and controlling ethylene. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cara, Beatriz; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] Robert W Holley Ctr, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Giovannoni, JJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jjg33@cornell.edu RI CARA, BEATRIZ/F-8457-2015 OI CARA, BEATRIZ/0000-0001-5254-1720 NR 135 TC 90 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 90 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 175 IS 1-2 BP 106 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.03.021 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 320TI UT WOS:000257257500013 ER PT J AU Kim, HJ Kato, N Kim, S Triplett, B AF Kim, Hee Jin Kato, Naohiro Kim, Sunran Triplett, Barbara TI Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases in developing cotton fibers: evidence for an extracellular form SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE cell wall; cotton fibers; Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase; Gossypium hirsutum; hydrogen peroxide; reactive oxygen species ID IONICALLY BOUND PROTEINS; HIGH-ISOELECTRIC-POINT; ROOT ELONGATION ZONE; GERMIN-LIKE PROTEIN; CELL-WALL PROTEOME; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HYDROXYL RADICALS; HYBRID ASPEN; IN-VITRO AB Hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species are important signaling molecules in diverse physiological processes. Previously, we discovered superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in extracellular protein preparations from fiber-bearing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. We show here, based on immunoreactivity, that the enzyme is a Cu/Zn-SOD (CSD). Immunogold localization shows that CSD localizes to secondary cell walls of developing cotton fibers. Five cotton CSD cDNAs were cloned from cotton fiber and classified into three subfamilies (Group 1: GhCSD1; Group 2: GhCSD2a and GhCSD2b; Group 3: GhCSD3 and GhCSD3s). Members of Group 1 and 2 are expressed throughout fiber development, but predominant during the elongation stage. Group 3 CSDs are also expressed throughout fiber development, but transiently increase in abundance at the transition period between cell elongation and secondary cell wall synthesis. Each of the three GhCSDs also has distinct patterns of expression in tissues other than fiber. Overexpression of cotton CSDs fused to green fluorescent protein in transgenic Arabidopsis demonstrated that GhCSD1 localizes to the cytosol, GhCSD2a localizes to plastids, and GhCSD3 is translocated to the cell wall. Subcellular fractionation of proteins from transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings confirmed that only c-myc epitope-tagged GhCSD3 co-purifies with cell wall proteins. Extracellular CSDs have been suggested to be involved in lignin formation in secondary cell walls of other plants. Since cotton fibers are not lignified, we suggest that extracellular CSDs may be involved in other plant cell wall growth and development processes. C1 [Kim, Hee Jin; Triplett, Barbara] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Kim, Hee Jin] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Kato, Naohiro] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Triplett, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Barbara.Triplett@ars.usda.gov RI Kato, Naohiro/B-2353-2008 NR 56 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JUL PY 2008 VL 228 IS 2 BP 281 EP 292 DI 10.1007/s00425-008-0734-0 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 310IP UT WOS:000256522400005 PM 18425534 ER PT J AU Duke, SO AF Duke, S. O. TI Phytochemicals for pest management SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Duke, S. O.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 899 EP 899 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261800018 ER PT J AU Fokialakis, N Wan, B Kalpoutzakis, E Cantrell, C Franzblau, S Skaltsounis, AL AF Fokialakis, N. Wan, B. Kalpoutzakis, E. Cantrell, C. Franzblau, S. Skaltsounis, A. L. TI Anti mycobacterial activity of plant extracts and isolated compounds from plants of the Greek island of Crete SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim ID TUBERCULOSIS; ASSAY C1 [Fokialakis, N.; Kalpoutzakis, E.; Skaltsounis, A. L.] Univ Athens, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy & Nat Prod Chem, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. [Wan, B.; Franzblau, S.] Univ Illinois, Coll Pharm, Inst TB Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Cantrell, C.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1024 EP 1024 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261800495 ER PT J AU Jordan, AM Gloer, JB Wicklow, DT AF Jordan, A. M. Gloer, J. B. Wicklow, D. T. TI Diterpenoids of the oidiolactone family and other metabolites from a hawaiian fungicolous fungal isolate SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Jordan, A. M.; Gloer, J. B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wicklow, D. T.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1058 EP 1058 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801017 ER PT J AU Herath, HMT Herath, WHMW Duke, SO Tomaso-Peterson, M Nanayakkara, NPD AF Herath, H. M. T. Herath, W. H. M. W. Duke, S. O. Tomaso-Peterson, M. Nanayakkara, N. P. D. TI Phytotoxic tetranorditerpenoids from the fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, causal agent of dollar spot in turfgrass SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Herath, H. M. T.; Herath, W. H. M. W.; Nanayakkara, N. P. D.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Duke, S. O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Tomaso-Peterson, M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1061 EP 1061 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801027 ER PT J AU Vougogiannopoulou, K Fokialakis, N Aligiannis, N Cantrell, C Skaltsounis, AL AF Vougogiannopoulou, K. Fokialakis, N. Aligiannis, N. Cantrell, C. Skaltsounis, A. L. TI Phytochemical investigation of Raputia simulans kallunki SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Vougogiannopoulou, K.; Fokialakis, N.; Aligiannis, N.; Skaltsounis, A. L.] Univ Athens, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy & Nat Prod Che m, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. [Cantrell, C.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA ARS, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1080 EP 1080 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801082 ER PT J AU Wong, YYS Ngwoke, KG Grant, I Friedman, M Elliott, CT Situ, C AF Wong, Y. Y. S. Ngwoke, K. G. Grant, I Friedman, M. Elliott, C. T. Situ, C. TI Feasibility of utilising natural products in animal production for the control of animal diseases and food pathogens SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Wong, Y. Y. S.; Ngwoke, K. G.; Grant, I; Elliott, C. T.; Situ, C.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Agrifood & Land Use, Belfast BT9 5AG, Antrim, North Ireland. [Friedman, M.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1138 EP 1138 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801302 ER PT J AU Copra, TJ Muradic, S Huseinovic, S Tahirovic, I Toromanovic, J Sapcanin, A Sofic, E AF Copra-Toromanovic, J. Muradic, S. Huseinovic, S. Tahirovic, I Toromanovic, J. Sapcanin, A. Sofic, E. TI Isolation of essential oils of Allium ursinum L from Bosnia SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Copra-Toromanovic, J.; Tahirovic, I; Toromanovic, J.; Sapcanin, A.; Sofic, E.] Univ Sarajevo, Fac Sci, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg. [Muradic, S.; Huseinovic, S.] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Sofic, E.] Harvard Univ, HSPH, Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging,Phytoche, Boston, MA USA. [Sofic, E.] Univ Sarajevo, Fac Pharm, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1199 EP 1199 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801524 ER PT J AU Adam, F Deslandes, E Bernier, U Menut, C Vahirua-Lechat, L AF Adam, F. Deslandes, E. Bernier, U. Menut, C. Vahirua-Lechat, L. TI Mosquito repellents from essential oils and crude extracts of plants of French Polynesia SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Joint Meeting of the Association-Francophone-pour-l'Enselgnement-et-la-Recherche-en-Pharmacog nosie/American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy/Society-for-Medicinal-Plant-Rese arch/Phytochem-Society-of-Europe/Societa-Italiana-di-Fitochimica CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Athens, GREECE SP Assoc Francophone Enseignement Rech Pharmacognosie, Amer Soc Pharmacognosy, Soc Medicinal Plant Res, Phytochem Soc Europe, Soc Italiana Fitochim C1 [Adam, F.; Vahirua-Lechat, L.] Inst Louis Malarde, Lab Rech Subst Nat, Papeete 98713, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia. [Adam, F.; Deslandes, E.] LEBHAM IUEM UBO, Lab Ecophysiol & Biotechnol Halophytes & Algues M, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Bernier, U.] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Menut, C.] Ecole Natl Super Chim Montpellier, Inst Biomol Max Mousseron, Equipe Glycochim, UMR 5247,CNRS,UM1,UM2, F-34296 Montpellier 5, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1203 EP 1204 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 334ZY UT WOS:000258261801542 ER PT J AU Lipatov, AS Kwon, YK Sarmento, LV Lager, KM Spackman, E Suarez, DL Swayne, DE AF Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Kwon, Yong Kuk Sarmento, Luciana V. Lager, Kelly M. Spackman, Erica Suarez, David L. Swayne, David E. TI Domestic pigs have low susceptibility to H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A H5N1; HONG-KONG; INFECTION; SWINE; TRANSMISSION; EVOLUTION; HUMANS; ORIGIN; PANDEMICS AB Genetic reassortment of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAI) with currently circulating human influenza A strains is one possibility that could lead to efficient human-to-human transmissibility. Domestic pigs which are susceptible to infection with both human and avian influenza A viruses are one of the natural hosts where such reassortment events could occur. Virological, histological and serological features of H5N1 virus infection in pigs were characterized in this study. Two-to three-week-old domestic piglets were intranasally inoculated with 10(6) EID(50) of A/Vietnam/1203/04 (VN/04), A/chicken/Indonesia/7/03 (Ck/Indo/03), A/Whooper swan/Mongolia/244/05 (WS/Mong/05), and A/Muscovy duck/Vietnam/209/05 (MDk/VN/05) viruses. Swine H3N2 and H1N1 viruses were studied as a positive control for swine influenza virus infection. The pathogenicity of the H5N1 HPAI viruses was also characterized in mouse and ferret animal models. Intranasal inoculation of pigs with H5N1 viruses or consumption of infected chicken meat did not result in severe disease. Mild weight loss was seen in pigs inoculated with WS/Mong/05, Ck/Indo/03 H5N1 and H1N1 swine influenza viruses. WS/Mong/05, Ck/Indo/03 and VN/04 viruses were detected in nasal swabs of inoculated pigs mainly on days 1 and 3. Titers of H5N1 viruses in nasal swabs were remarkably lower compared with those of swine influenza viruses. Replication of all four H5N1 viruses in pigs was restricted to the respiratory tract, mainly to the lungs. Titers of H5N1 viruses in the lungs were lower than those of swine viruses. WS/Mong/05 virus was isolated from trachea and tonsils, and MDk/VN/05 virus was isolated from nasal turbinate of infected pigs. Histological examination revealed mild to moderate bronchiolitis and multifocal alveolitis in the lungs of pigs infected with H5N1 viruses, while infection with swine influenza viruses resulted in severe tracheobronchitis and bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Pigs had low susceptibility to infection with H5N1 HPAI viruses. Inoculation of pigs with H5N1 viruses resulted in asymptomatic to mild symptomatic infection restricted to the respiratory tract and tonsils in contrast to mouse and ferrets animal models, where some of the viruses studied were highly pathogenic and replicated systemically. C1 [Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; Kwon, Yong Kuk; Sarmento, Luciana V.; Spackman, Erica; Suarez, David L.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Lager, Kelly M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov FU National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Department of Homeland Security [RSRD-06-00051] FX This study was supported by contract RSRD-06-00051 from the National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Department of Homeland Security. The Department of Homeland Security had no role in the design or conduct of studies, nor in the collection of data or preparation of the manuscript. They did review and approve the manuscript. NR 64 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 4 IS 7 AR e1000102 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000102 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 356MT UT WOS:000259783000008 PM 18617994 ER PT J AU Han, MG Kim, S Liu, SX AF Han, Moon Gyu Kim, Sanghoon Liu, Sean X. TI Synthesis and degradation behavior of poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE degradation; poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate); unzipping; gel permeation chromatography ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION; POLYMERIZATION; NANOPARTICLES; POLYMERS; ETHYL; ALPHA-CYANOACRYLATES); MACROZWITTERIONS; ADHESIVE; TRIETHYL; HEAT AB Poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) was synthesized using N,N'-dimethyl-p-toluidine as an initiator through an anionic/zvvitterionic pathway. The degradability and the degradation mechanism of the prepared polymer were examined from various viewpoints. A combination of TGA and GPC analysis allowed us to confirm that the thermal degradation of this polymer was predominantly due to an unzipping depolymerization process initiated from the polymer chain terminus. The polymer was inherently unstable and exhibited interesting degradation behavior in solution with basic reagents. The degradation in solution was also found to be attributed to the unzipping of the monomer from the chain end. However, the degradation behavior of the polymer could be controlled by changing solvents, temperatures, and additives. These findings give an insight into the degradation behavior of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate)s, which is a crucial point in utilizing these polymer homologues for various applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Han, Moon Gyu; Kim, Sanghoon; Liu, Sean X.] ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Han, MG (reprint author), ARS, Cereal Prod & Food Sci Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM moongyu.han@ars.usda.gov OI Han, Moon Gyu/0000-0003-4223-3286 NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 93 IS 7 BP 1243 EP 1251 DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.04.012 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 336XD UT WOS:000258397700001 ER PT J AU Saftner, R Polashock, J Ehlenfeldt, M Vinyard, B AF Saftner, Robert Polashock, James Ehlenfeldt, Mark Vinyard, Bryan TI Instrumental and sensory quality characteristics of blueberry fruit from twelve cultivars SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium corymbosum; Vaccinium virgatum; cultivars; aromatic volatiles; firmness; fruit size; surface color; soluble solids content; titratable acidity ID HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; STORAGE; ATMOSPHERE; FIRMNESS; APPLES; GALA AB We compared the instrumental and sensory quality characteristics of blueberry fruit from ten highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivars, Chanticleer, Weymouth, Hannah's Choice, Duke, Bluecrop, Coville, Berkeley, Bluegold. Elliott and Lateblue and two rabbiteye (Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) cultivars, Coastal and Montgomery, grown in New Jersey. Cultivars varied in sensory intensity and acceptability scores. Highbush cultivars, Coville and Hannah's Choice, scored highest among the cultivars in sensory scores for intensity of blue color, juiciness, sweetness and blueberry-like flavor and for acceptability of appearance, color, fruit size, sweet/tart balance, flavor and overall eating quality. In contrast, rabbiteye cultivars, Coastal and Montgomery, and the highbush cultivars, Elliott and Weymouth, scored lowest among the cultivars in sensory scores for intensity of bursting energy, skin toughness, texture during chewing, juiciness, and blueberry-like flavor and for acceptability of appearance, color, fruit size, flavor and overall eating quality. Analytical quality characteristics of surface color, size, compression firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), pH, titratable acidity (TA), SSCrrA ratio, and aromatic volatile concentration also varied among cultivars, but no instrumental measurement adequately predicted consumer acceptability scores. The overall eating quality of blueberry fruit was best correlated with flavor scores followed by sensory scores for intensity of juiciness, bursting energy and sweetness and for acceptability of appearance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Saftner, Robert] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Polashock, James; Ehlenfeldt, Mark] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Vinyard, Bryan] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Saftner, R (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Robert.Saftner@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 49 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.01.008 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 296TH UT WOS:000255568200003 ER PT J AU Liu, YB AF Liu, Yong-Biao TI Ultralow oxygen treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera : Thripidae), on iceberg lettuce I. Effects of temperature, time, and oxygen level on insect mortality and lettuce quality SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE controlled atmosphere; ultralow oxygen; phytosanitary treatment; lettuce; western flower thrips; postharvest quality ID BROWN STAIN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERES; STORAGE AB Ultralow oxygen (ULO) treatments with different oxygen levels, treatment times, and temperatures were studied to determine effects on western flower thrips mortality and postharvest quality of iceberg lettuce. Thrips mortality increased with reduced oxygen level and increased treatment time and temperature. At 0.003% oxygen, over 99.6% mortality rates of thrips were achieved in three ULO treatments of 2, 3, and 4d at 10, 5, and 1 degrees C, respectively. No treatments caused injury to lettuce surface leaves and there was no reduction in visual quality for treated lettuce. However, about 9-33% of lettuce heads sustained injury to heartleaves. The 2 d ULO treatment with 0.003% oxygen had the lowest injury rate to heartleaves and the injury increased with increased treatment duration. The amount of injured leaves was small (<2 g per head). There were also some variations among the lettuce cultivars in susceptibility to heartleaf injury by ULO treatments. Four out of eight cultivars tested tolerated the 2 d ULO treatment at 10 degrees C without any injury. Therefore, ULO treatment has potential to be developed as an alternative postharvest treatment for western flower thrips on iceberg lettuce. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Liu, YB (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM YongBiao.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 49 IS 1 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.12.009 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 296TH UT WOS:000255568200016 ER PT J AU Liu, YB AF Liu, Yong-Blao TI Ultralow oxygen treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera : Thripidae), on iceberg lettuce II. Effects of pre-treatment storage on lettuce quality SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE controlled atmosphere; ultralow oxygen; thrips; aphid; phytosanitary treatment; lettuce; storage; postharvest quality ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE TREATMENTS; BROWN STAIN; TEMPERATURE; BROCCOLI AB Iceberg lettuce stored under normal atmosphere and controlled atmosphere (CA) with about 3% oxygen at low temperature for I week was compared with fresh lettuce for their response to 2d ultralow oxygen (ULO) treatment with 0.003% oxygen at 10 degrees C for control of western flower thrips. Lettuce which had been stored for 1 week under normal or CA tolerated ULO treatment while over 30% of fresh lettuce sustained minor injury to heartleaves. Therefore, pre-treatment storage at low temperature enhanced tolerance of lettuce to the subsequent insecticidal ULO treatment. A sequential combination of CA storage and ULO treatment was demonstrated to be effective against western flower thrips and lettuce aphid and safe to all seven lettuce cultivars tested. The study indicated that ULO treatment can be made safer to lettuce through pre-treatment storage to increase lettuce tolerance. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Liu, YB (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM YongBiao.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 49 IS 1 BP 135 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.01.007 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 296TH UT WOS:000255568200017 ER PT J AU Donalson, LM McReynolds, JL Kim, WK Chalova, VI Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Donalson, L. M. McReynolds, J. L. Kim, W. K. Chalova, V. I. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI The influence of a fructooligosaccharide prebiotic combined with alfalfa molt diets on the gastrointestinal tract fermentation, Salmonella Enteritidis infection, and intestinal shedding in laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella Enteritidis; molting; laying hen; alfalfa; fructooligosaccharide ID POSTMOLT EGG-PRODUCTION; BROILER-CHICKENS; ZINC PROPIONATE; FEED WITHDRAWAL; LEGHORN HENS; FORCED MOLT; FATTY-ACIDS; COLONIZATION; INDUCTION; TYPHIMURIUM AB Molting is a natural process, which birds undergo to rejuvenate their reproductive organs. The US poultry egg production industry has used feed withdrawal to effectively induce molt; however, susceptibility of Salmonella Enteritidis has encouraged the development of alternative methods. Previous research conducted in our laboratory showed that alfalfa is effective at molt induction and provides equivalent postmolt production numbers and quality when compared with feed withdrawal. In the attempt to further increase the efficacy of alfalfa molt diet and decrease the chicken susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis during molt, fructooligosaccharide (FOS) was added to a combination of 90% alfalfa and 10% layer ration in 2 levels (0.750 and 0.375%). Ovary and liver colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis in 3 and 2 of the 4 trials, respectively, were reduced (P <= 0.05) in hens fed FOS-containing diets compared with hens subjected to feed withdrawal. Significant decreases in cecal Salmonella Enteritidis counts were also observed in 2 of the 4 trials. In 3 of the 4 trials, the same diets did not affect (P > 0.05) the production of cecal total volatile fatty acids when compared with hens undergoing feed withdrawal. However, in all 3 alfalfa molt diets, the concentrations of lactic acid were greater (P = 0.05) than hens with feed withdrawal, but no differences (P > 0.05) were observed among hens fed alfalfa combined with FOS and hens fed alfalfa/layer ration without FOS. Overall, given the similarities between hens fed 0.750% FOS (H) and 0.375% FOS (L), molt diets combined with the lower level of FOS should be sufficient. C1 [Donalson, L. M.; Kim, W. K.; Chalova, V. I.; Woodward, C. L.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [McReynolds, J. L.; Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Ricke, SC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, IPSE, Ctr Food Safety & Microbiol, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM jackson.mcreynolds@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1253 EP 1262 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00166 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500003 PM 18577603 ER PT J AU Donalson, LM Kim, WK Chalova, VI Herrera, P McReynolds, JL Gotcheva, VG Vidanovic, D Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Donalson, L. M. Kim, W. K. Chalova, V. I. Herrera, P. McReynolds, J. L. Gotcheva, V. G. Vidanovic, D. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Ricke, S. C. TI In vitro fermentation response of laying hen cecal bacteria to combinations of fructooligosaccharide prebiotics with alfalfa or a layer ration SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; fermentation; fructooligosaccharide; laying hen ID SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS COLONIZATION; VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; BROILER-CHICKENS; MOLT INDUCTION; POULTRY PRODUCTION; LEGHORN HENS; FORCED MOLT; DIET; MICROFLORA AB The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of combining a prebiotic with alfalfa on fermentation by laying hen cecal bacteria. Cecal contents from laying hens were diluted to a 1:3,000 concentration with an anaerobic dilution solution and added to serum tubes filled with ground alfalfa or a layer ration with or without fructooligosaccharide (FOS) prebiotic. Samples were processed in an anaerobic hood, pressurized by using a pressure manifold, and incubated at 37 degrees C. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) and lactic acid concentrations were quantified at 6 and 24 h of substrate fermentation. In this study, fermentation of alfalfa resulted in greater production of acetate, VFA, and lactic acid compared with the layer ration. Although with a relative inconsistency in data between trials, the amendment of FOS to both alfalfa and the layer ration appeared to further increase fermentation as demonstrated by overall higher propionate, butyrate, VFA, and lactic acid concentrations. The effect was more pronounced after 24 h of fermentation, implying time constraints for the optimal production of fermentation products in the chicken gastrointestinal tract. These data indicate that in vitro cecal fermentation can be enhanced by the addition of FOS. C1 [McReynolds, J. L.; Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Donalson, L. M.; Kim, W. K.; Chalova, V. I.; Herrera, P.; Woodward, C. L.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Vidanovic, D.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Vet Med, Dept Food Hyg & Technol, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. [Gotcheva, V. G.] Univ Food Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria. RP Ricke, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM mcreynolds@ffsru.usda.gov OI Vidanovic, Dejan/0000-0003-0192-5120 NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1263 EP 1275 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00179 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500004 PM 18577604 ER PT J AU Fasina, YO Holt, PS Moran, ET Moore, RW Conner, DE McKee, SR AF Fasina, Y. O. Holt, P. S. Moran, E. T. Moore, R. W. Conner, D. E. McKee, S. R. TI Intestinal cytokine response of commercial source broiler chicks to Salmonella typhimurium infection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cytokine; Salmonella Typhimurium; intestine; commercial-type broiler chick ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; FOOD-POISONING SALMONELLA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ENTERITIDIS INFECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; FUNCTIONAL ACTIVATION; INTERFERON-GAMMA; HOST-DEFENSE AB Development of molecular-based immunotherapeutic strategies for controlling Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) infection in poultry requires a better understanding of intestinal and cecal cytokine responses. Accordingly, an experiment was conducted to measure changes in intestinal cytokine expression when commercial source broiler chickens were challenged with a nalidixic acid-resistant ST. Ross broiler chicks were nonchallenged with ST (control treatment) or challenged by orally giving 7.8 x 10(6) cfu at 4 d of age (STC treatment). Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens with 14 chicks per pen. Expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, interferon-gamma, and antiinflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 were determined at 5 and 10 d postchallenge (PC). Intestinal flushes were also collected from each treatment at 7 d PC to estimate IgA and IgG. Results showed an upregulation in IL-1 beta mRNA in STC chicks at 5 d PC. By 10 d PC, the expression of IL-1 beta was further increased and accompanied by an upregulation of IL-6 and interferon. mRNA, whereas IL-10 mRNA expression decreased. It was concluded that ST induced an intestinal mucosal inflammatory response in commercial source broiler chicks less than 2 wk of age. C1 [Fasina, Y. O.; Moran, E. T.; Conner, D. E.; McKee, S. R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Holt, P. S.; Moore, R. W.] USDA ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Fasina, YO (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, 260 Lem Morrison Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM fasinyo@auburn.edu NR 86 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 9 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1335 EP 1346 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00526 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500013 PM 18577613 ER PT J AU Vance, AM Branton, SL Collier, SD Gerard, PD Peebles, ED AF Vance, A. M. Branton, S. L. Collier, S. D. Gerard, P. D. Peebles, E. D. TI Effects of prelay ts11-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation and time-specific F-strain M-gallisepticum inoculation overlays on internal egg and eggshell characteristics of commercial laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE commercial layer; egg characteristic; egg quality; F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum; ts11-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum ID QUALITY PARAMETERS; BROILER BREEDER; LAYER FLOCKS; PERFORMANCE; VACCINATION; INFECTION; AGE; CHICKENS; IDENTIFICATION; SYNOVIAE AB Mycoplasma infections are pandemic in multiage layer chicken flocks, with Mycoplasma gallisepticum being the species of greatest concern to commercial egg producers. Live M. gallisepticum vaccines are presently being used to help control M. gallisepticum outbreaks. However, vaccination of layers with F-strain M. gallisepticum may adversely affect egg production. In the present study, 2 trials were conducted to compare the effects of 2 currently available live Mycoplasma vaccines (the ts11- and F-strains), used in conjunction, on internal egg and eggshell characteristics. The following 4 inoculation treatments were used: 1) sham at 10 wk of age (control), 2) ts11 at 10 wk, 3) ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by F at 22 wk, and 4) ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by F at 45 wk. In each trial at various ages between 23 and 57 wk of age, percentage of yolk weight, percentage of yolk moisture, percentage of yolk lipid, percentage of albumen weight, Haugh unit scores, and percentage of shell weight of eggs were assessed. At wk 32, percentage of yolk lipid was increased in eggs belonging to the ts11 at 10 wk and ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by F at 22 wk treatment groups in comparison with controls. There was also a significant decrease in percentage of albumen weight in eggs in the treatment with ts11 at 10 wk overlaid by F at 22 wk, as well as a decrease in Haugh unit scores in the ts11 at 10 wk treatment in comparison with controls during post-peak lay. Percentage of yolk moisture, percentage of egg yolk weight, and percentage of eggshell weight in layers were not significantly affected by a 10-wk ts11 inoculation alone or in conjunction with subsequent overlay inoculations of F during lay. It is suggested that a 10-wk inoculation of commercial layers with ts11-strain M. gallisepticum may reduce the negative impacts of a prelay F-strain M. gallisepticum inoculation on performance while providing protection against subsequent field strain M. gallisepticum infections. C1 [Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Vance, A. M.; Branton, S. L.; Collier, S. D.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1358 EP 1363 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00099 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500016 PM 18577616 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Corzo, A Kidd, MT Schilling, MW AF Dozier, W. A., III Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Schilling, M. W. TI Dietary digestible lysine requirements of male and female broilers from forty-nine to sixty-three days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE amino acid; breast meat; broiler; lysine ID THREONINE REQUIREMENT; LIVE PERFORMANCE; AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEIN; TEMPERATURE; ENERGY; CHICKS; NEEDS; FEED AB Experiments were conducted to evaluate digestible (dig) Lys requirements of male and female broiler chickens from 49 to 63 d of age. A dose-response diet consisting of corn, soybean meal, and corn gluten meal was formulated to be adequate in dig amino acid concentrations with the exception of Lys. L-Lysine.HCl was added to the dose-response diet to create 7 experimental diets. Concentrations of dig Lys of experimental diets ranged from 0.50 to 1.04% in increments of 0.09%. Variables measured consisted of standardized dietary Lys digestibility, feed intake, dig Lys intake, BW gain, feed conversion, mortality, abdominal fat weight and percentage, carcass weight and yield, and total breast meat weight and yield. In experiment 1, dig Lys of the dose-response diet was determined as 0.51% with cecectomized roosters. In experiment 2, dig Lys requirements of male broilers for BW gain, feed conversion, breast meat weight, and breast meat yield were 0.86, 0.88, 0.90, and 0.90%, respectively, based on 95% of the responses. From 49 to 63 d of age, male broilers optimized growth and meat yield measurements with approximately 3.0 g of dig Lys intake. In experiment 3, dig Lys requirements of female broilers were estimated as 0.79 and 0.83%, respectively, for BW gain and feed conversion. Digestible Lys intake necessary to optimize growth performance was 2.8 g/bird during 49 to 63 d of age. These results indicate that dig Lys requirements for male broilers were 0.87 and 0.90% of the diet, respectively, for growth performance and breast meat yield. Conversely, the dig dietary Lys requirement for females was 0.81% based only on growth performance. C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Schilling, M. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Food Sci Nutr & Hlth Promot, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM bill.dozier@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1385 EP 1391 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00529 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500020 PM 18577620 ER PT J AU Olanrewaju, HA Thaxton, JP Dozier, WA Purswell, J Collier, SD Branton, SL AF Olanrewaju, H. A. Thaxton, J. P. Dozier, W. A., III Purswell, J. Collier, S. D. Branton, S. L. TI Interactive effects of ammonia and light intensity on hematochemical variables in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ammonia; light intensity; acid-base balance; broiler; well-being ID ACID-BASE-BALANCE; ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA; PERFORMANCE; PHOTOPERIOD; CHEMISTRY; WELFARE AB This study examined the influence of early atmospheric ammonia exposure, light intensity throughout rearing, and their interaction on blood gases, electrolytes, and acid-base balance in broiler chickens under environmentally controlled conditions. The experiment consisted of a 3 x 3 factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design, with trials being replicated over time. The 9 treatments consisted of 3 levels (0, 25, and 50 ppm) of ammonia concentrations for 14 d and levels (0.2, 2.0, and 20 lx) of light intensities from 8 to 36 d of age. Venous blood samples were collected on d 6, 11, 14, and 35. On d 6, partial pressure of CO2 and Na+ increased significantly (P = 0.05), whereas partial pressure of O-2, pH, and K+ decreased with increasing ammonia concentration. As light intensity increased, pO(2) and K+ were significantly (P = 0.05) reduced. Ammonia x light intensity interactions were observed for hemoglobin, hematocrit, K+, and BW. The interaction of ammonia and light intensity for 7 d further exacerbated physiological variables. The main effect of ammonia was more pronounced than that of light intensity. These conditions worsened as the duration of ammonia concentration exposure and light intensity increased from d 7 to 14 of exposure. However, all affected variables returned to near normal at later time points in the exposed chickens so that the apparent effects were lost. Plasma corticosterone and glucose concentrations were not significantly altered by exposure to differing levels of ammonia or light intensity, suggesting an absence of stress related to ammonia, light intensity, or their interaction. It was concluded that exposure of broiler chickens to aerial ammonia concentrations of 0 to 50 ppm from d 1 to 14 posthatch in the presence of light intensities ranging from 0.2 to 20 lx had no direct effect on some physiological blood variables and did not induce stress in broilers. C1 [Olanrewaju, H. A.; Dozier, W. A., III; Purswell, J.; Collier, S. D.; Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Thaxton, J. P.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Olanrewaju, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Hammed.Olanrewaju@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1407 EP 1414 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00486 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500024 PM 18577624 ER PT J AU Northcutt, JK Smith, D Huezo, RI Ingram, KD AF Northcutt, J. K. Smith, D. Huezo, R. I. Ingram, K. D. TI Microbiology of broiler carcasses and chemistry of chiller water as affected by water reuse SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; chiller water microbiology; carcass microbiology; chlorine ID CROSS-CONTAMINATION; BACTERIAL COUNTS; POULTRY MEAT; CAMPYLOBACTER; SALMONELLA; CHLORINE; PROFILE AB A study was conducted to determine the effects of treating and reusing poultry chiller water in a commercial poultry processing facility. Broiler carcasses and chiller water were obtained from a commercial processing facility which had recently installed a TOMCO Pathogen Management System to recycle water in sections 2 and 3 of two 3-compartment chillers. In this system, reused water is blended with fresh water to maintain the chiller volume. Carcasses were sampled prechill and postchill (final exit), and chiller water was sampled from the beginning and end of each of the 3 sections. Carcasses were subjected to a whole carcass rinse (WCR) in 0.1% peptone. Numbers of Escherichia coli (EC), coliforms (CF), and Campylobacter (CPY) were determined from the WCR and chiller water samples. Prevalence of Salmonella (SAL) was also determined on the WCR and chiller water sam-ples. On average, prechill levels of bacteria recovered from rinses were 2.6, 2.9, and 2.6 log(10) cfu/mL for EC, CF, and CPY, respectively. Ten out of 40 (25%) prechill carcasses were positive for SAL. After chilling, numbers of EC, CF, and CPY recovered from carcass rinses decreased by 1.5, 1.5, and 2.0 log(10) cfu/mL, respectively. However, 9 out of 40 (22%) postchill carcasses were positive for SAL. When the chiller water samples were tested, counts of EC, CF, and CPY were found only in water collected from the first section of the chiller (inlet and outlet). Two of 4 water samples collected from the inlet of the first section tested positive for SAL. This study shows that fresh and reused water can be used to cool poultry in chiller systems to achieve a reduction in numbers of bacteria (EC, CF, and CPY) or equivalent prevalence (SAL) of bacteria recovered from broiler carcasses. C1 [Northcutt, J. K.] Clemson Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Smith, D.; Ingram, K. D.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Huezo, R. I.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Northcutt, JK (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM jknorth@clemson.edu NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1458 EP 1463 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00480 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 322PT UT WOS:000257388500030 PM 18577630 ER PT J AU Brown, JW AF Brown, John W. TI Review of the neotropical genus Cacocharis Walsingham (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae : Olethreutini), with a new synonymy and comments on its host plants and geographic distribution SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Tortricidae; Neotropical; Caribbean; Phyllanthus; systematics AB Cacocharis is a small Neotropical genus comprised of two species: C. albimacula Walsingham, 1872 and C cymotoma (Meyrick 1917). The synonymy of Olethreutes canofascia Forbes 1930 (new syn.) with C cymotoma is proposed. The two recognized species are sympatric in the Caribbean on Jamaica, Dominica, and St. Vincent, indicating considerable independent dispersal or inadvertent introduction events. Based on literature and specimen sources, the larval food plants for the genus are Phyllanthus acidus Skeels and P. niuri L. (Euphorbiaceae), which are widely known for their medicinal properties. A possible explanation for the high level of sympatry of the moth species in the Caribbean is that they have been transported throughout the region along with their larval hosts. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM john.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 533 EP 542 DI 10.4289/07-066.1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600001 ER PT J AU Solis, MA Metz, MA AF Solis, M. Alma Metz, M. A. TI Aphomia hubner and Paralipsa Butler species (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae : Galleriinae) known to occur in the United States and Canada SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE systematics; taxonomy; Tirathabini; hosts; stored products; social; Hymenoptera ID SOCIELLA L LEPIDOPTERA; BUMBLEBEE; NESTS AB The current taxonomic status of three species of Aphomia Hubner and one species of Paralipsa Butler that occur in the United States and Canada is clarified and keys to their identification are provided. A lectotype is designated for Paralipsa decorella Hulst, which is transferred to Aphomia (n. comb.) and treated as a junior synonym of A. terrenella Zeller (n. syn.). Preliminary morphological research indicates that Aphomia fuscolimbella Ragonot does not belong in Aphomia as currently defined. Its placement is unknown. Because no specimens other than the type of A. fuscolimbella are known from the Western Hemisphere, the presumed North American origin of this species is considered unlikely. A brief discussion of biological associations is included. C1 [Solis, M. Alma; Metz, M. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Solis, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; mark.metz@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 592 EP 601 DI 10.4289/07-060.1 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600007 ER PT J AU Razowski, J Brown, JW AF Razowski, Jozef Brown, John W. TI A new genus for Laspeyresia guttifera Meyrick (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae : Olethreutinae) from the northern Neotropics SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE systematics; new genus; Central America; Caribbean; South America; Grapholitini; Olethreutini; Eucosmini; fruit-feeder; Garcinia madruno AB Eriosocia Razowski and Brown, new genus, is described to accommodate Laspeyresia guttifera Meyrick, 1913 (type locality: Paraguay), resulting in the new combination Eriosocia guttifera (Meyrick). Several morphological features contradict its recent assignment to Cydia as well as Grapholitini, and a reassessment of characters suggests that the genus is best placed provisionally in Enarmoniini. Eriosocia is recorded from Central America (Costa Rica, Panama), the Caribbean (Dominica), and South America (Brazil, Colombia, French Guyana, Paraguay, and Venezuela). Larvae of Eriosocia have been reared on numerous occasions in Colombia and Panama from the fruit of Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel (Clusiaceae). C1 [Razowski, Jozef] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Systemat & Expt Zool, Krakow, Poland. [Brown, John W.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Razowski, J (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Systemat & Expt Zool, Slawkowska 17, Krakow, Poland. EM razowski@isez.pan.krakow.pl; john.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 635 EP 642 DI 10.4289/07-065.1 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600010 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, David R. TI The Abbotii and Erythrogaster groups of Nematus Panzer (Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae) in North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE sawflies; Symphyta; United States; Canada AB Species of the abbotii and erythrogaster groups of Nematus Panzer are revised. The abbotii group includes N. abbotii (Kirby), N. laticulus (Noton), and N. tertius, n. sp. The erythrogaster group includes N. carpini (Marlatt), N. corylus Cresson, N. erythrogaster Norton, N. hamamelis, n. sp., and N. latifasciatus Cresson. Pteronus dyari Marlatt, 1896, is a new synonym of Nematus latifasciatus Cresson, 1880. The species are described, illustrated, and keyed. All occur in eastern North America with two species extending west to Alberta and British Columbia. Host plants are species of Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corylus, Ostrya (Corylaceae), Hamamelis (Hamamelidaceae), and Robinia (Fabaceae). C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 647 EP 667 DI 10.4289/07-082.1 PG 21 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600012 ER PT J AU Scheffer, SJ Winkler, IS AF Scheffer, Sonja J. Winkler, Isaac S. TI The first confirmed record of the leafminer Phytomyza rufipes (Diptera : Agromyzidae) in the United States SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE agromyzid; Brassica oleracea; introduced species ID MITOCHONDRIAL PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; INVASIVE POPULATIONS; CLADES AB Phytomyza rufipes Meigen (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is a leafmining pest of Brassicaceae in Europe and other regions of the world. Once reported from Oregon in the United States, this record has since been found to be a misidentification. Here we report P. rufipes for the first time from California. We compare mitochondrial cytochrome, oxidase sequences of two specimens from California and one specimen from Lithuania. The two sequences from California specimens were identical and only a single nucleotide different from the Lithuanian specimen. This pattern is consistent with previous suggestions that New World populations of P. rufipes are the result of introductions. We provide information for the identification of P. rupifes using existing keys and for its discrimination from other Phytomyza in the United States. C1 [Scheffer, Sonja J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Winkler, Isaac S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Scheffer, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Bldg 011A,BARC West,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM sonja.scheffer@ars.usda.gov OI Winkler, Isaac/0000-0003-2453-021X NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 674 EP 678 DI 10.4289/07-057.1 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600014 ER PT J AU Solis, MA Metz, MA Zachariades, C AF Solis, M. Alma Metz, M. A. Zachariades, C. TI Identity and generic placement of Phestinia costella Hampson (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae : Phycitinae) reared on the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Pyraloidea; Slam weed; rearing; biological control; Caribbean AB We provide descriptions and illustrations for identification of Phestinia costella Hampson, a stem gall producer on the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae) that has been investigated for biological control measures. Specimens collected from C odorata on Trinidad and Tobago and reported in the literature as Mescinia sp. nr. parvula Zeller were reexamined and identified as P. costella, except for two females identified as an undetermined species of Mescinia Ragonot. We subjected P. costella to comparative examination with species in related genera and concluded that its current generic placement should remain until a broader phylogenctic treatment of these genera can be undertaken. We diagnose the species, describe the previously unknown male, larva, and pupa, and expand the distribution. Biology and rearing procedures are discussed. C1 [Solis, M. Alma; Metz, M. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zachariades, C.] Agr Res Council, Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-3245 Hilton, South Africa. RP Solis, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; mark.metz@ars.usda.gov; zachariadesc@arc.agric.za NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 679 EP 692 DI 10.4289/07-084.1 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600015 ER PT J AU Hoebeke, ER Wheeler, AG Brown, JW AF Hoebeke, E. Richard Wheeler, A. G., Jr. Brown, John W. TI Archips xylosteana (L.) (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae), a Palearctic leafroller new to North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Tortricidae; Archips xylosteana; new records; adventive; species; Atlantic Canada ID FUSCOCUPREANUS WALSINGHAM LEPIDOPTERA; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ABUNDANCE AB Archips xylosteana (L.), a widespread Palearctic tortricid moth, is reported from four localities in St. John's, Newfoundland, the first records of this species in North America. Adults were found on a variety of ornamental trees and shrubs on the campus of Memorial University in August 2005 and 2006. This immigrant tortricid, a minor pest of rosaceous fruit trees and shrubs, is redescribed and diagnosed. Photographs of the adult male and female are provided to facilitate its recognition. Its worldwide distribution and biology are summarized. C1 [Hoebeke, E. Richard] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wheeler, A. G., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Brown, John W.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hoebeke, ER (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM erh2@cornell.edu; awhlr@clemson.edu; john.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 789 EP 795 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600024 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Cho, S Han, JH AF Smith, David R. Cho, Soowon Han, Ju-Hwan TI A new species of Diprion (Hymenoptera : Diprionidae) damaging Pinus spp. in Korea SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Symphyta; sawfly; pine; Pinus koraiensis; Pinus strobus AB Diprion hani Smith and Cho, n. sp., is described from Korea. A description and illustrations of the female, male, and larva are given. This species was found feeding on Pinus koraiensis Sief. & Zucc. and Pinus strobus L. (Pinaceae) in Chungcheongbuk-do Province in 2007. C1 [Cho, Soowon] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Cho, S (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov; chosoowon@gmail.com NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 796 EP 801 DI 10.4289/08-041.1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600025 ER PT J AU Pogue, MG AF Pogue, Michael G. TI Rhodoecia Hampson, 1908, a new synonym of Pyrrhia Hubner, 1821 [1816] (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae : Heliothinae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 810 EP 810 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-110.3.810 PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600028 ER PT J AU Kment, P Henry, TJ AF Kment, Petr Henry, Thomas J. TI Two cases of homonymy in the family Berytidae (Hemiptera : Heteroptera) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kment, Petr] Natl Museum, Dept Entomol, CZ-14800 Prague 4, Czech Republic. [Kment, Petr] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, CZ-12844 Prague, Czech Republic. [Henry, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Kment, P (reprint author), Natl Museum, Dept Entomol, Kunratice 1, CZ-14800 Prague 4, Czech Republic. EM sigara@post.cz; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 811 EP 813 DI 10.4289/07-108.1 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600029 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Goulet, H AF Smith, David R. Goulet, Henri TI Dolerus rubromaculatus Haris, 2001, a new synonym of Dolerus unicolor (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) (Hymenoptera : Tenthredinidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Goulet, Henri] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Res Branch, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dave.smith@ars.usda.gov; gouleth@agr.gc.ca NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 110 IS 3 BP 824 EP 824 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-110.3.824 PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 325YR UT WOS:000257625600033 ER PT J AU Guo, BZ Liang, XQ Chung, SY Holbrook, CC Maleki, SJ AF Guo, Baozhu Liang, Xianquiang Chung, Si-Yin Holbrook, C. Corley Maleki, Soheila J. TI Proteomic analysis of peanut seed storage proteins and genetic variation in a potential peanut allergen SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Arachis; allergen; Ara h 3; iso-Ara h 3; basic subunit; cDNA sequence ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L; IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; COWS MILK-PROTEINS; ARA-H-I; CULTIVATED PEANUT; MAILLARD REACTION; MAJOR ALLERGEN; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; IDENTIFICATION AB Peanut allergy is one of the most severe food allergies. One effort to alleviate this problem is to identify peanut germplasm with lower levels of allergens which could be used in conventional breeding to produce a less allergenic peanut cultivar. In this study, we identified one peanut line, GT-C9, lacking several seed proteins, which were identified as Ara h 3 isoforms by peptide sequencing and named iso-Ara h 3. Total seed proteins were analyzed by one-dimensional (SDS-PAGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoreses (2-D PAGE). The total protein extracts were also tested for levels of protein-bound end products or adducts such as advanced glycation end products (AGE) and N-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), and IgE binding. Peanut genotypes of GT-C9 and GT-C20 exhibited significantly lower levels of AGE adducts and of IgE binding. This potential peanut allergen iso-Ara h 3 was confirmed by peptide sequences and Western blot analysis using specific anti-Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 3 antibodies. A full-length sequence of iso-ara h 3 (GenBank number DQ855115) was obtained. The deduced amino acid sequence iso-Ara h 3 (ABI17154) has the first three of four IgE-binding epitopes of Ara h 3. Anti-Ara h 3 antibodies reacted with two groups of protein peptides, one with strong reactions and another with weak reactions. These peptide spots with weak reaction on 2-D PAGE to anti-Ara h 3 antibodies are subunits or isoallergens of this potential peanut allergen iso-Ara h 3. A recent study suggested that Ara h 3 basic subunits may be more significant allergenicity than the acidic subunits. C1 [Guo, Baozhu] Agr Res Serv, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Liang, Xianquiang] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Chung, Si-Yin; Maleki, Soheila J.] Agr Res Serv, Food Proc & Sensory Qual Res Unit, So Regional Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Holbrook, C. Corley] Agr Res Serv, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Baozhu.Guo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; National Peanut Foundation; U. S. Department of Agriculture- Foreign Agricultural Service; China and National Nature Science Foundation of China [30571179] FX We thank Ernest Harris and Kippy Lewis for technical assistance in the field and the laboratory. This research was supported partially by funds provided by USDA Agricultural Research Service and National Peanut Foundation, and by funds provided by Scientific Cooperation Research Program of U. S. Department of Agriculture- Foreign Agricultural Service between U. S. and China and National Nature Science Foundation of China (30571179). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 0929-8665 J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT JI Protein Pept. Lett. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 15 IS 6 BP 567 EP 577 DI 10.2174/092986608784966877 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 352PM UT WOS:000259509400004 PM 18680451 ER PT J AU Gopalasubramaniam, SK Kovacs, F Violante-Mota, F Twigg, P Arredondo-Peter, R Sarath, G AF Gopalasubramaniam, Sabarinathan K. Kovacs, Frank Violante-Mota, Fernando Twigg, Paul Arredondo-Peter, Raul Sarath, Gautam TI Cloning and characterization of a caesalpinoid (Chamaecrista fasciculata) hemoglobin: The structural transition from a nonsymbiotic hemoglobin to a leghemoglobin SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Caesalpinoideae; evolution; function; globin; Leguminosae; modeling; origin; spectroscopy; structure; symbiosis ID PLANT HEMOGLOBINS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; ROOT-NODULES; GENE; EXPRESSION; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN AB Nonsymbiotic hemoglobins (nsHbs) and leghemoglobins (Lbs) are plant proteins that can reversibly bind O-2 and other ligands. The nsHbs are hexacoordinate and appear to modulate cellular concentrations of NO and maintain energy levels under hypoxic conditions. The Lbs are pentacoordinate coordinate and facilitate the diffusion of O-2 to symbiotic bacteroids within legume root nodules. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that all plant Hbs evolved from a common ancestor and that Lbs originated from nsHbs. However, little is known about the structural intermediates that occurred during the evolution of pentacoordinate Lbs from hexacoordinate nsHbs. We have cloned and characterized a Hb (ppHb) from the root nodules of the ancient caesalpinoid legume Chamaecrista fasciculata. Protein sequence, modeling data, and spectral analysis indicated that the properties of ppHb are intermediate between that of nsHb and Lb, suggesting that ppHb resembles a putative ancestral Lb. Predicted structural changes that appear to have occurred during the nsHb to Lb transition were a compaction of the CD-loop and decreased mobility of: the distal His inhibiting its ability to coordinate directly with the heme-Fe, leading to a pentacoordinate protein. Other predicted changes include shortening of the N- and C-termini, compaction of the protein into a globular structure, disappearance of positive charges outside the heme pocket and appearance of negative charges in an area located between the N- and C-termini. A major consequence for some of these changes appears to be the decrease in O-2-affinity of ancestral nsHb, which resulted in the origin of the symbiotic function of Lbs. C1 [Gopalasubramaniam, Sabarinathan K.; Violante-Mota, Fernando; Arredondo-Peter, Raul] Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Fac Ciencias, Lab Biofis & Biol Mol, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. [Kovacs, Frank] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Kearney, NE 68649 USA. [Twigg, Paul] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68649 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Arredondo-Peter, R (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Estado Morelos, Fac Ciencias, Lab Biofis & Biol Mol, Av Univ 1001, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. EM normanac@terra.com.mx OI Arredondo-Peter, Raul/0000-0002-1410-3874 NR 36 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD JUL PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 252 EP 260 DI 10.1002/prot.21917 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 311OP UT WOS:000256609800021 PM 18214970 ER PT J AU Scossa, F Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D Anderson, OD Vensel, WH Lafiandra, D D'Ovidio, R Masci, S AF Scossa, Federico Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie Anderson, Olin D. Vensel, William H. Lafiandra, Domenico D'Ovidio, Renato Masci, Stefania TI Comparative proteomic and transcriptional profiling of a bread wheat cultivar and its derived transgenic line overexpressing a low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene in the endosperm SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE genetically modified crops; microarray; seed proteome; wheat ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GRAIN DEVELOPMENT; MICROARRAY DATA; FOOD ALLERGENS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; STARCHY ENDOSPERM; BAKING PROPERTIES; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; MODIFIED CROPS AB We carried out a parallel transcriptional and proteomic comparison of seeds from a transformed bread wheat line that overexpresses a transgenic low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene relative to the corresponding nontransformed genotype. Proteomic analyses showed that, during seed development, several classes of endosperm proteins were differentially accumulated in the transformed endosperm. As a result of the strong increase in the amount of the transgenic protein, the endogenous glutenin subunit, all subclasses of gliadins, and metabolic as well as chloroform/methanol soluble proteins were diminished in the transgenic genotype. The differential accumulation detected by proteomic analyses, both in mature and developing seeds, was paralleled by the corresponding changes in transcript levels detected by microarray experiments. Our results suggest that the most evident effect of the strong overexpression of the transgenic glutenin gene consists in a global compensatory response involving a significant decrease in the amounts of polypeptides belonging to the prolamin superfamily. It is likely that such compensation is a consequence of the diversion of amino acid reserves and translation machinery to the synthesis of the transgenic glutenin subunit. C1 [Scossa, Federico; Lafiandra, Domenico; D'Ovidio, Renato; Masci, Stefania] Univ Tuscia, Dipartimento Agrobiol & Agrochim, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Scossa, Federico; Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie; Anderson, Olin D.; Vensel, William H.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Masci, S (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dipartimento Agrobiol & Agrochim, Via S Camillo Lellis Snc, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. EM masci@unitus.it RI D'Ovidio, Renato/A-4379-2014; Masci, Stefania/B-6690-2013; OI D'Ovidio, Renato/0000-0001-8530-5898; Masci, Stefania/0000-0003-2857-4498; Scossa, Federico/0000-0002-6233-1679; Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 83 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 EI 1615-9861 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD JUL PY 2008 VL 8 IS 14 BP 2948 EP 2966 DI 10.1002/pmic.200700861 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 332XW UT WOS:000258117400018 PM 18655071 ER PT J AU Briske, DD Bestelmeyer, BT Stringham, TK Shaver, PL AF Briske, D. D. Bestelmeyer, B. T. Stringham, T. K. Shaver, P. L. TI Recommendations for development of resilience-based state-and-transition models SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE alternative stable states; dynamic regimes; ecological resilience; rangeland monitoring; thresholds ID VEGETATION DYNAMICS; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; ALTERNATIVE STATES; REGIME SHIFTS; RESTORATION; MANAGEMENT; RANGELANDS; ECOSYSTEMS; FRAMEWORK; SYSTEMS AB The objective of this paper is to recommend conceptual modifications for incorporation in state-and-transition models (STMs) to link this framework explicitly to the concept of ecological resilience. Ecological resilience describes the amount of change or disruption that is required to transform a system from being maintained by one set of mutually reinforcing processes and structures to a different set of processes and structures (e.g., an alternative stable state). In light of this concept, effective ecosystem management must focus on the adoption of management practices and policies that maintain or enhance ecological resilience to prevent stable states from exceeding thresholds. Resilience management does not exclusively focus on identifying thresholds per se, but rather on within-state dynamics that influence state vulnerability or proximity to thresholds. Resilience-based ecosystem management provides greater opportunities to incorporate adaptive management than does threshold-based management because thresholds emphasize limits of state resilience, rather than conditions that determine the probability that these limits will be surpassed. In an effort to further promote resilience-based management, we recommend that the STM framework explicitly describe triggers, at-risk communities, feedback mechanisms, and restoration pathways and develop process-specific indicators that enable managers to identify at-risk plant communities and potential restoration pathways. Two STMs representing different ecological conditions and geographic locations are presented to illustrate the incorporation and application of these recommendations. We anticipate that these recommendations will enable STMs to capture additional ecological information and contribute to improved ecosystem management by focusing attention on the maintenance of state resilience in addition to the anticipation of thresholds. Adoption of these recommendations may promote valuable dialogue between researchers and ecosystem managers regarding the general nature of ecosystem dynamics. C1 [Briske, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bestelmeyer, B. T.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin LTER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Stringham, T. K.] Univ Nevada, Dept Anim Biotechnol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Shaver, P. L.] USDA NRCS, W Natl Technol Support Ctr, Portland, OR 97232 USA. RP Briske, DD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, 2138 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM dbriske@tamu.edu NR 44 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 4 U2 66 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 359 EP 367 DI 10.2111/07-051.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400001 ER PT J AU Barnes, MK Norton, BE Maeno, M Malechek, JC AF Barnes, Matthew K. Norton, Brien E. Maeno, Motoko Malechek, Jobn C. TI Paddock size and stocking density affect spatial heterogeneity of grazing SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE deferred rotation grazing; grazing management systems; intensive rotational grazing; livestock distribution; short duration grazing; time control grazing ID SHORT-DURATION; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; PATCH DYNAMICS; PASTURE SIZE; CATTLE; PATTERNS; VEGETATION; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; RANGELANDS AB The claim that intensive rotational grazing (IRG) can sustain higher stocking rates can be partially explained by more even spatial distribution of grazing such that livestock consume forage from a greater proportion of a pasture. To test the hypothesis that utilization is more even at the higher stocking densities of smaller paddocks, mean absolute deviation (heterogeneity) of utilization estimates by plot was compared in paddocks of sizes and stocking densities representing increasing subdivision from two-paddock deferred rotation grazing (DRG) to 16-, 32-, and 64-paddock, two-cycle IRG. These 70-, 4-, 2-, and 1-ha paddocks were grazed for 7 wk, 4 d, 2 d, and 1 d, respectively, at 32 animal unit days (AUD) . ha(-1) during 2000 and 34 AUD . ha(-1) during 2001. Within IRG there was no response to the treatment gradient. After one cycle in the IRG paddocks, heterogeneity of use was generally lower than in the DRG paddocks, in both 2000 (3-11% [outlier 18%] vs. 14-19%) and 2001 (9-17% vs. 24-28%). After a second cycle in 2001, heterogeneity in half of the IRG paddocks (17-21%) was nearly as high as the early-grazed (24%), but not the late-grazed (28%), of the DRG paddocks. This lack of a stronger difference between systems was probably due to the fixed two-cycle IRG schedule and lack of plant growth during the nongrazing interval. Across both systems heterogeneity of utilization was strongly positively correlated with paddock size. Because utilization was not severely patchy in the largest treatment, the difference between systems would likely be greater in commercial-scale paddocks. Thus grazing distribution can be more even under intensive than extensive management, but this depends on how adaptively the system, particularly the aspects of timing and frequency, is managed. C1 [Barnes, Matthew K.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Kremmling, CO 80459 USA. [Norton, Brien E.] Ctr Management Arid Environm, Kalgoorlie, WA 6433, Australia. [Norton, Brien E.; Maeno, Motoko; Malechek, Jobn C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Barnes, MK (reprint author), POB 552, Kremmling, CO 80459 USA. EM mattk.barnes@gmail.com NR 66 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 37 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 380 EP 388 DI 10.2111/06-155.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400003 ER PT J AU France, KA Ganskopp, DC Boyd, CS AF France, Kevin A. Ganskopp, Dave C. Boyd, Chad S. TI Interspace/undercanopy foraging patterns of beef cattle in sagebrush habitats SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bunchgrass; forage selection; grazing behavior; ground nesting birds; sage-grouse ID SAGE GROUSE NESTS; ECOLOGY; COMMUNITIES; PREDATION; SELECTION; OREGON; IDAHO AB Forage selection patterns of cattle in sagebrush (Artemisia L.) communities are influenced by a variety of environmental and plant-associated factors. The relative preference of cattle for interspace versus under-sagebrush canopy bunchgrasses has not been documented. Potential preferences may indirectly affect habitat for sage-grouse and other ground-nesting birds. Our objectives were to investigate grazing patterns of cattle with respect to undercanopy (shrub) and interspace tussocks, determine the influence of cattle grazing on screening cover, and relate shrub morphology to undercanopy grazing occurrence. Eighteen-day replicated trials were conducted in the summers of 2003 and 2004. Findings suggest cattle initially concentrate grazing on tussocks between shrubs, and begin foraging on tussocks beneath shrubs as interspace plants are depleted. Grazing of undercanopy grass tussocks was negligible at light-to-moderate utilization levels (< 40% by weight). Grass tussocks under spreading, umbrella-shaped shrub canopies were less likely (P < 0.001) to be grazed than those beneath erect, narrow canopies. Horizontal screening cover decreased (P < 0.001) with pasture utilization. At the trial's end, removal of 75% of the herbaceous standing crop induced about a 5% decrease in screening cover in all strata from ground level to 1 in with no differences among strata (P = 0.531). This implied that shrubs constituted the majority of screening vegetation. Our data suggest that conservative forage use, approaching 40% by weight, will affect a majority (about 70%) of interspace tussocks and a lesser proportion (about 15%) of potential nest-screening tussocks beneath sagebrush. Probability of grazing of tussocks beneath shrubs, however, is also affected by shrub morphology. These findings will help managers design grazing programs in locales where habitat for ground nesting birds is a concern. C1 [Ganskopp, Dave C.; Boyd, Chad S.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [France, Kevin A.] Sustainable Resource Dev, Lands Div, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Ganskopp, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM david.ganskopp@oregonstate.edu NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 389 EP 393 DI 10.2111/06-072.1 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400004 ER PT J AU Smith, DC Meyer, SE Anderson, VJ AF Smith, Duane C. Meyer, Susan E. Anderson, V. J. TI Factors affecting Bromus tectorum seed bank carryover in western Utah SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass; downy brome; secondary dormancy; seed rain; seedling emergence; semiarid ID DOWNY BROME; PYRENOPHORA-SEMENIPERDA; GERMINATION; DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY; SURVIVAL AB Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) is a winter annual weed that presents a serious obstacle to rangeland restoration in the Intermountain West. The objective of this study was to evaluate factors regulating the size and persistence of cheatgrass carryover seed banks on semiarid sites in western Utah. We prevented current-year seed production in each of four habitats, then tallied emerging seedlings over the next 4 yr. Two iterations of the study were conducted during consecutive years. One year before initiation of each iteration, we estimated seed rain at each site. Above-average precipitation in 1998-1999 resulted in relatively high seed rain (13 942 seeds . m(-2)) for the first iteration, whereas seed rain for the second iteration averaged only 3567 . m(-2) because of drought conditions in 1999-2000. Mean total number of seedlings emerging from carryover seeds for the first and second iterations were 1304 and 270 seedlings . m(-2). Seedling emergence from carryover seed was positively correlated with production-year seed rain (R-2 = 0.69). The fraction of seed rain that carried over tended to be lower when precipitation the year following production favored fall emergence of the transient seed bank. First-year emergence of carryover seeds averaged 96% of total emergence, whereas third-year emergence averaged < 1% and was zero for six of eight cases. Carryover seeds persisted somewhat longer at the xeric black greasewood site than at more upland sites. Our study shows that cheatgrass seeds rarely persist beyond the second carryover year even on semiarid sites. Emergence from the carryover seed bank can be predicted from site attributes and precipitation patterns in previous years. C1 [Smith, Duane C.; Anderson, V. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Meyer, Susan E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Smith, DC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM mrdcsmith88@gmail.com NR 18 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 21 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 430 EP 436 DI 10.2111/07-035.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400009 ER PT J AU Samuel, LW Kirby, DR Norland, JE Anderson, GL AF Samuel, Luke W. Kirby, Donald R. Norland, Jack E. Anderson, Gerald L. TI Leafy Spurge suppression by flea beetles in the Little Missouri drainage basin, USA SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aphthona spp.; biological control; introduced species; invasive weed; Little Missouri River drainage basin ID EUPHORBIA-ESULA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; APHTHONA SPP.; RANGELAND; LESSONS; DAKOTA; AGENTS AB The Ecological Area-wide Management Leafy Spurge, or TEAM Leafy Spurge, began collecting and redistributing flea beetles (Aphthona spp.) to research/demonstration sites and landowners throughout the Little Missouri River drainage basin to control leafy spurge in 1998. A study to evaluate the change over time of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) phytosociological characteristics following release of flea beetles was initiated in 2002 on leafy spurge-infested pasture and rangeland in the Little Missouri River drainage of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. A total of 292 flea beetle release sites were analyzed in June and July 2002 and 2003 for leafy spurge stem density, foliar cover, flea beetle density, and vegetation composition. Leafy spurge stem density suppression was evident at 91% of the study sites. On two-thirds of the study sites stem density was reduced from greater than 100 stems . m(-1) to less than 25 stems . m(-1). Leafy spurge foliar cover was less than 5% on approximately two-thirds of the flea beetle release sites and less than 25% on over 90% of the release sites. Area of observed leafy spurge suppression ranged from 0 m(2) to 30 000 m(2). Approximately 40% of the release sites had leafy spurge suppression ranging from 1 000 m(2) to 5 000 m(2), and 14% of the release sites had greater than 10 000 in of leafy spurge control. Plant community composition following leafy spurge suppression was characteristic of native plant communities that had not been burned or grazed. Flea beetles effectively reduced leafy spurge stem density and cover in 4-5 yr across a variety of locations and corresponding environmental conditions, both within the Little Missouri River drainage and in selected nearby locations. C1 [Samuel, Luke W.; Kirby, Donald R.; Norland, Jack E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Anderson, Gerald L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Kirby, DR (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, 1301 12th Ave N, Fargo, ND 58701 USA. EM donald.kirby@ndsu.edu NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 437 EP 443 DI 10.2111/06-127.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400010 ER PT J AU Bhattarai, K Johnson, DA Jones, TA Connors, KJ Gardner, DR AF Bhattarai, Kishor Johnson, Douglas A. Jones, Thomas A. Connors, Kevin J. Gardner, Dale R. TI Physiological and morphological characterization of basalt milkvetch (Astragalus filipes): Basis for plant improvement SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Astragalus filipes; restoration; revegetation; sagebrush steppe; western United States ID FORAGE YIELD; SEED SIZE; CREEPING-ROOTEDNESS; POPULATIONS; QUALITY; GRASSLAND; DIVERSITY; RECRUITMENT; SWAINSONINE; OXYTROPIS AB Astragalus filipes Tort. ex A. Gray (basalt milkvetch or threadstalk milkvetch) is a legume that is widely distributed in western North America and holds promise for revegetation and restoration programs in the western United States. Seed of 67 accessions was collected in 2003 from Utah, Nevada, Idaho, Oregon, California, and Washington. Field-collected forage samples from these accessions had nondetectable or low levels of selenium, swainsonine, and nitrotoxins. Accessions were evaluated at Providence and Millville in northern Utah in 2005 and 2006. At Providence accessions from north-central Oregon exhibited comparatively high biomass yield in summer and fall during both years. Basalt milkvetch accessions with low biomass generally had high crude protein concentration. Acid-detergent fiber and neutral-detergent fiber were positively correlated with biomass yield (r = 0.42, P < 0.0001; r = 0.57, P < 0.0001, respectively). At Millville accessions from north-central Oregon exhibited comparatively high biomass and seed yield. Seed weight per 100 seeds varied among basalt milkvetch accessions in both years at Millville. Plants at Millville treated with imadicloprid insecticide had greater seed yields than nontreated plants in 2006, but not in 2005. When averaged across sites and years, a high correlation between number of stems and biomass (r = 0.82, P < 0.0001) indicated that number of stems is a reliable predictor of high biomass and seed yield. Principal component analysis of seven consolidated plant traits identified two principal components that accounted for 60% and 15% of the variation among accessions. The first principal component was negatively correlated with elevation (r = -0.71, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with latitude (r = 0.46, P < 0.01). The second principal component was positively correlated with elevation (r = 0.36, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with latitude (r = -0.47, P < 0.01). These results are beneficial in identifying basalt milkvetch accessions that hold promise for plant improvement efforts. C1 [Johnson, Douglas A.; Jones, Thomas A.; Connors, Kevin J.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bhattarai, Kishor] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gardner, Dale R.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Johnson, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM doug.johnson@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 61 IS 4 BP 444 EP 455 DI 10.2111/08-011.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 328PD UT WOS:000257809400011 ER PT J AU Long, JA AF Long, J. A. TI Reproductive biotechnology and gene mapping: Tools for conserving rare breeds of livestock SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Congress on Animal Reproduction CY JUL 13-17, 2008 CL Budapest, HUNGARY ID MULTIPLE MATERNAL ORIGINS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; RESOURCE BANKS; NUCLEAR TRANSFER; DOMESTIC GOATS; DIVERSITY; AFRICAN; CHICKEN; CATTLE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AB Today's livestock diversity originated from the wild ancestor species and was subsequently shaped through the processes of mutation, genetic drift, and natural and human selection. Only a subset of the diversity present in the ancestral species survives in the domestic counterparts. A 2007 report released by UN Food and Agriculture Organization 'The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources', compiled from surveys conducted in 169 countries, found that nearly 70% of the world's remaining livestock breeds live in developing countries. The UN report was presented to more than 300 policy makers, scientists, breeders, and livestock keepers at the First International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources, held in September 2007 in Interlaken, Switzerland. The conference aims were to adopt a global plan of action for conserving animal genetic resources as its main outcome. In this paper, the current and potential contributions of reproductive and molecular biotechnology are considered as tools of conserving rare breeds of livestock. C1 USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Long, JA (reprint author), USDA, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jlong@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 SU 2 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01146.x PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 327AH UT WOS:000257700600011 PM 18638108 ER PT J AU Whitlock, BK Daniel, JA Wilborn, RR Elsasser, TH Carroll, JA Sartin, JL AF Whitlock, B. K. Daniel, J. A. Wilborn, R. R. Elsasser, T. H. Carroll, J. A. Sartin, J. L. TI Comparative aspects of the endotoxin- and cytokine-induced endocrine cascade influencing neuroendocrine control of growth and reproduction in farm animals SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Congress on Animal Reproduction CY JUL 13-17, 2008 CL Budapest, HUNGARY ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PULSATILE LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; INDUCED SUPPRESSION; CLINICAL MASTITIS; DAIRY-COWS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE EXPOSURE; PULSE-GENERATOR; EARLY LACTATION; LH-SECRETION; JERSEY COWS AB Disease in animals is a well-known inhibitor of growth and reproduction. Earlier studies were initiated to determine the effects of endotoxin on pituitary hormone secretion. These studies found that in sheep, growth hormone (GH) concentration was elevated, whereas insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was inhibited, as was luteinizing hormone (LH). Examination of the site of action of endotoxin in sheep determined that somatotropes expressed the endotoxin receptor (CD14) and that both endotoxin and interleukin-I beta activated GH secretion directly from the pituitary. In the face of elevated GH, there is a reduction of IGF-I in all species examined. As GH cannot activate IGF-I release during disease, there appears to be a downregulation of GH signalling at the liver, perhaps related to altered nitration of Janus kinase (JAK). In contrast to GH downregulation, LH release is inhibited at the level of the hypothalamus. New insights have been gained in determining the mechanisms by which disease perturbs growth and reproduction, particularly with regard to nitration of critical control pathways, with this perhaps serving as a novel mechanism central to lipopolysaccharide suppression of all signalling pathways. This pathway-based analysis is critical to the developing novel strategies to reverse the detrimental effect of disease on animal production. C1 [Whitlock, B. K.; Sartin, J. L.] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Pharmacol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Daniel, J. A.] Berry Coll, Dept Anim Sci, Mt Berry, GA USA. [Wilborn, R. R.] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Sartin, JL (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Pharmacol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM sartijl@vetmed.auburn.edu RI Whitlock, Brian/H-4198-2016 OI Whitlock, Brian/0000-0001-7247-0982 NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 SU 2 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01180.x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 327AH UT WOS:000257700600044 PM 18638141 ER PT J AU Barb, CR Hausman, GJ Lents, CA AF Barb, C. R. Hausman, G. J. Lents, C. A. TI Energy metabolism and leptin: Effects on neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction in the gilt and sow SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Congress on Animal Reproduction CY JUL 13-17, 2008 CL Budapest, HUNGARY ID GROWTH-HORMONE-SECRETION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; PIG ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; TERM FEED RESTRICTION; TO-ESTRUS INTERVAL; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; PRIMIPAROUS SOWS; LACTATING SOWS; PREPUBERTAL GILTS AB It is well established that reproductive function is metabolically gated. However, the mechanisms whereby energy stores and metabolic cues influence appetite, energy homeostasis and fertility are yet to be completely understood. Adipose tissue is no longer considered as only a depot to store excess energy. Recent findings have identified numerous genes, several neurotrophic factors, interleukins, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5, ciliary neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide Y (NPY) as being expressed by adipose tissue during pubertal development. These studies demonstrated for the first time the expression of several major adipokines or cytokines in pig adipose tissue which may influence local and central metabolism and growth. Leptin appears to be the primary metabolic signal and is part of the adipose tissue-hypothalamic regulatory loop in the control of appetite, energy homeostasis and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. Leptin's actions on appetite regulation are mediated by inhibition of hypothalamic NPY and stimulation of proopiomelanocortin. Its effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/LH secretion are mediated by NPY and kisspeptin. Thus, leptin appears to be an important link between metabolic status, the neuroendocrine axis and subsequent fertility in the gilt and sow. C1 [Barb, C. R.; Hausman, G. J.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Lents, C. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Barb, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM richard.barb@ars.usda.gov RI Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013 NR 84 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 43 SU 2 BP 324 EP 330 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01173.x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 327AH UT WOS:000257700600045 PM 18638142 ER PT J AU Huggins, DR Reganold, JP AF Huggins, David R. Reganold, John P. TI No-till: The quiet revolution SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article AB The practice of turning the soil before planting a new crop is an age-old practice and this is the leading cause of farmland degradation. Hence no-till and other conservation tillage systems are used for wide range of climates to reduce soil erosion, conservation of water, improving soil health, reducing sediment and fertilizer pollution of lakes and streams, and sequestering carbon. C1 [Huggins, David R.; Reganold, John P.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Huggins, DR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 4 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 31 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 299 IS 1 BP 70 EP 77 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 315RG UT WOS:000256896500039 PM 18623967 ER PT J AU Verhoest, NEC Lievens, H Wagner, W Alvarez-Mozos, J Moran, MS Mattia, F AF Verhoest, Niko E. C. Lievens, Hans Wagner, Wolfgang Alvarez-Mozos, Jesus Moran, M. Susan Mattia, Francesco TI On the soil roughness parameterization problem in soil moisture retrieval of bare surfaces from synthetic aperture radar SO SENSORS LA English DT Review DE soil roughness; soil moisture retrieval; synthetic aperture radar; uncertainty ID INTEGRAL-EQUATION MODEL; MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER DEPENDENCE; A-PRIORI-INFORMATION; SAR DATA; C-BAND; POLARIMETRIC SAR; AGRICULTURAL FIELDS; PROFILE METER; LASER SCANNER; WET SOIL AB Synthetic Aperture Radar has shown its large potential for retrieving soil moisture maps at regional scales. However, since the backscattered signal is determined by several surface characteristics, the retrieval of soil moisture is an ill-posed problem when using single configuration imagery. Unless accurate surface roughness parameter values are available, retrieving soil moisture from radar backscatter usually provides inaccurate estimates. The characterization of soil roughness is not fully understood, and a large range of roughness parameter values can be obtained for the same surface when different measurement methodologies are used. In this paper, a literature review is made that summarizes the problems encountered when parameterizing soil roughness as well as the reported impact of the errors made on the retrieved soil moisture. A number of suggestions were made for resolving issues in roughness parameterization and studying the impact of these roughness problems on the soil moisture retrieval accuracy and scale. C1 [Verhoest, Niko E. C.; Lievens, Hans] Univ Ghent, Lab Hydrol & Water Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Wagner, Wolfgang] Vienna Univ Technol, Christian Doppler Lab, Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Alvarez-Mozos, Jesus] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Projects & Rural Engn, Pamplona 31006, Spain. [Moran, M. Susan] SW Watershed Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Mattia, Francesco] ISSIA, CNR, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Verhoest, NEC (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Lab Hydrol & Water Management, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM Niko.Verhoest@UGent.be; Hans.Lievens@UGent.be; ww@ipf.tuwien.ac.at; Jesus.Alvarez@unavarra.es; Susan.Moran@ars.usda.gov; Mattia@ba.issia.cnr.it RI Alvarez-Mozos, Jesus/D-1908-2009; Verhoest, Niko/C-9726-2010; Zhang, YIng/F-5751-2011; OI Alvarez-Mozos, Jesus/0000-0002-6518-2533; Verhoest, Niko/0000-0003-4116-8881; Wagner, Wolfgang/0000-0001-7704-6857 NR 200 TC 138 Z9 139 U1 4 U2 37 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD JUL PY 2008 VL 8 IS 7 BP 4213 EP 4248 DI 10.3390/s8074213 PG 36 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 333VI UT WOS:000258180500012 PM 27879932 ER PT J AU Hoagland, L Carpenter-Boggs, L Reganold, JP Mazzola, M AF Hoagland, L. Carpenter-Boggs, L. Reganold, J. P. Mazzola, M. TI Role of native soil biology in Brassicaceous seed meal-induced weed suppression SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Brassicaceous; allelopathy; Pythium; glucosinolates; weed suppression; biological control; Brassicaceae ID GREEN MANURE CROPS; PYTHIUM SPP.; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; EASTERN WASHINGTON; CROPPING SYSTEMS; PHENOLIC-ACIDS; ROOT PATHOGENS; POPULATION; AMENDMENT; IDENTIFICATION AB Biologically based weed control strategies are needed in organic and low-input systems. One promising practice is the application of Brassicaceous seed meal (BSM) residue, a byproduct of biodiesel production. When applied as a soil amendment, BSM residue has exhibited potential bioherbicide activity. In this study, tree fruit orchard soils were treated with various BSMs and the impact of Pythium on weed suppression was examined in field and greenhouse studies. Although weed control obtained in response to Brassicaceous residue amendments has been repeatedly attributed solely to release of allelopathic phytochemicals,.multiple lines of evidence acquired in these studies indicate the involvement of a microbiological component. Reduced weed emergence and increased weed seedling mortality were not related to BSM glucosinolate content but were correlated with significant increases in resident populations of Pythium spp. in three different orchard soils. Seed meal of Brassica juncea did not amplify resident Pythium populations and did not suppress weed emergence. Application of Glycine max SM did stimulate Pythium spp. populations and likewise suppressed weed emergence. Application of a mefenoxam drench to Pythium-enriched soil significantly reduced weed suppression. These studies indicate that a microbial mechanism is involved in SM-induced weed suppression and that selective enhancement of resident pathogenic Pythium spp. can be utilized for the purpose of weed control. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mazzola, M.] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Hoagland, L.; Carpenter-Boggs, L.; Reganold, J. P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mazzola, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM mark.mazzola@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1689 EP 1697 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.02.003 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325VI UT WOS:000257616100017 ER PT J AU Schreiner, RP Pinkerton, JN AF Schreiner, R. Paul Pinkerton, John N. TI Ring nematodes (Mesocriconema xenoplax) alter root colonization and function of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in grape roots in a low P soil SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE glomales; phosphorus; pinot noir; plant growth; root starch; Vitis vinifera ID CRICONEMELLA-XENOPLAX; VITIS-VINIFERA; MACROPOSTHONIA-XENOPLAX; PRATYLENCHUS-VULNUS; PEACH; PHOSPHORUS; GROWTH; PLANT; TIME; PATHOGENICITY AB A reduction of arbuscules in roots of grapevines (Vitis vinifera) observed when ring nematodes were added to field microplots led to the hypothesis that nematode feeding suppresses arbuscules by competing for root carbohydrates. Support for this hypothesis was tested by growing 'Pinot noir' grapevines in a factorial experiment with three levels of initial nematode densities (0, 0.1, 1.0 nematodes g(-1) soil), two levels of light (full sun, 50% sun), and two levels of AMF (nonAMF, +AMF). Effects on plant growth were primarily driven by a light and AMF treatment interaction, such that low light increased stem dry matter accumulation at the expense of roots in +AMF vines only. Nematodes had only a minor influence on plant growth (leaf mass was reduced at the highest nematode density), but nematodes did not affect overall plant dry matter accumulation. Since nonAMF vines were severely limited by P and their growth was so poor, the impact of nematode and light treatments was further analyzed in +AMF plants only. Nematode populations, AMF colonization, and root carbohydrates were differentially affected by initial nematode density or light levels. Root biomass, and reducing sugar and starch concentrations in fine roots were reduced by low light, but the final nematode populations and arbuscule frequencies in roots were unaffected by light. Nematodes reduced arbuscules and starch concentrations in fine roots, but did not affect total colonization by AMF (hyphae, vesicles or arbuscules). Nematodes reduced plant P and K uptake at the highest density, and low light reduced Mg uptake. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that ring nematodes suppress arbuscules in roots via competition for root carbohydrates. However, the lack of a treatment interaction between light and nematodes in our study suggests that ring nematode-AMF interactions in grape roots are controlled by more than competition for photosynthate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schreiner, R. Paul; Pinkerton, John N.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Schreiner, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM paul.schreiner@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1870 EP 1877 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.03.010 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325VI UT WOS:000257616100037 ER PT J AU Wu, TH Chellemi, DO Graham, JH Rosskopf, EN AF Wu, Tiehang Chellemi, Dan O. Graham, Jim H. Rosskopf, Erin N. TI Assessment of fungal communities in soil and tomato roots subjected to diverse land and crop management systems SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soil and root fungal communities; colony counting; length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR); cloning and sequencing; land management practices; tomato production ID MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; PLANTS AB Effects of diverse agricultural land management practices on soil and on root colonizing fungal communities were determined through a PCR-based molecular method and a culture-dependent method, respectively, in a field location with uniform soil type. Initiated in July 2000, the management systems were: conventional tomato production, frequent tillage (disk fallow), undisturbed weed fallow, bahiagrass pasture (Paspalum notatum var. notatum 'Argentine'), and an organically managed system including cover crops and annual applications of poultry manure and urban plant debris. Culture-dependent colony counting was used to identify and enumerate communities of root colonizing fungi and length heterogeneity polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) analysis of. internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) profiles to characterize phylotypes in soil fungal communities. Three years after initiation of land management treatments and midway through tomato cultivation, both methods detected a high degree of similarity in fungal community composition between weed fallow,and bahiagrass plots. Soil fungal communities in organically managed plots were similar to each other and distinct from communities in other land management systems while the composition of root colonizing fungal communities in organic plots was divergent. The results demonstrate that the soil fungal communities and root colonizing fungal communities were affected differently depending on land and crop management practices. Fusarium oxysporum was a dominant species in all soil and root colonizing fungal communities except those subjected to organic management practices. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, Tiehang; Chellemi, Dan O.; Rosskopf, Erin N.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wu, Tiehang; Graham, Jim H.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. RP Chellemi, DO (reprint author), USDA ARS, USHRL, 2000 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM twu@cas.usf.edu; dan.chellemi@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1967 EP 1970 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.02.012 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325VI UT WOS:000257616100051 ER PT J AU Casey, FXM Ocluor, PG Hakk, H Larsen, GL DeSutter, TM AF Casey, Francis X. M. Ocluor, Peter G. Hakk, Heldur Larsen, Gerald L. DeSutter, Tkornas M. TI Transport of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in a field lysimeter SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 17 beta-estradiol; testosterone; fate and transport; solute transport; lysimeter; soil ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; STEROID-HORMONES; POULTRY LITTER; ESTROGENIC HORMONES; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS; ENGLISH RIVERS; PERSISTENCE; ESTRADIOL; SORPTION AB 17 beta-Estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) are present in sources such as waste treatment effluent and manures, and can potentially disrupt aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Laboratory studies consistently indicate limited mobility and rapid attenuation of E2 and T in soils; however, these hormones are regularly detected in the environment. A steady-state field lysimeter (2.4 m in length x 2.4 m in width x 2.3 m in depth) study was done to identify the significant fate and transport factors controlling E2 and T disposition in the field. The transport of E2 and T were compared with the transport of a conservative nonsorbing tracer, pentafluorobenzoic acid (PFBA). Concentration redistributions of water-extractable E2, T, and PFBA through depth were determined. In addition, lysimeter effluent drainage concentrations of water-dissolved E2, T, and PFBA were determined. Effluent PFBA was successfully modeled with the convective-dispersive equation assuming no sorption or preferential transport. Effluent mass recovery of PFBA was 100%. Resident profile mass recoveries of E2 and T were 0.46% (+/- 0.01%) and 0.02% (+/- 0.01%), respectively. Statistical analyses indicated that soil water status and organic matter were the predominant factors effective in explaining variations of E2 and T in the lysimeter profile. Lysimeter effluent mass recoveries of E2 and T were 1.3% (+/- 0.15%) and 0.2% (0.02%), respectively. 17 beta-Estradiol and T were detected before the PFBA peak in the effluent, which may have indicated the antecedent presence of E2 and T, analytical nonspecificity, and/or facilitated transport (likely colloidal). In addition, E2 and T concentrations were correlated to lysimeter drainage, perhaps indicating significant colloidal facilitated transport. This is one of the first field studies that gives evidence for likely processes that explain greater-than-expected mobility and concentrations of E2 and T in the environment. C1 [Casey, Francis X. M.; DeSutter, Tkornas M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Ocluor, Peter G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Larsen, Gerald L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Casey, FXM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM francis.casey@ndsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 NR 49 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 173 IS 7 BP 456 EP 467 DI 10.1097/SSL.0b013e318178e71f PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 327LU UT WOS:000257731400004 ER PT J AU Ingram, LJ Stahl, PD Schuman, GE Buyer, JS Vance, GF Ganjegunte, GK Welker, JM Derner, JD AF Ingram, L. J. Stahl, P. D. Schuman, G. E. Buyer, J. S. Vance, G. F. Ganjegunte, G. K. Welker, J. M. Derner, J. D. TI Grazing impacts on soil carbon and microbial communities in a mixed-grass ecosystem SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; WESTERN WHEATGRASS; ORGANIC-MATTER; BLUE GRAMA; MANAGEMENT; SEQUESTRATION; RESPONSES; INTENSITY AB Good management of rangelands promotes C sequestration and reduces the likelihood of these ecosystems becoming net sources of CO2. As part of an ongoing study, soil was sampled in 2003 to investigate the long-term effects of different livestock grazing treatments on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and microbial communities. The three treatments studied (no grazing, EX; continuously, lightly grazed [10% utilization], CL; and continuously, heavily grazed [50% utilization], CH) have been imposed on a northern mixed-grass prairie near Cheyenne, WY, for 21 yr. In the 10 yr since treatments were last sampled in 1993, the study area has been subject to several years of drought. In the 0 to 60 cm depth there was little change in SOC in the EX or CL treatments between 1993 and 2003, whereas there was a 30% loss of SOC in the CH treatment. This loss is attributed to plant community changes (from a cool-season [C-3] to a warm-season [C-4] plant dominated community) resulting in organic C accumulating nearer the soil surface, making it more vulnerable to loss. Soil TN increased in the EX and CL treatments between 1993 and 2003, but declined in the CH treatment. Differences in plant community composition and subsequent changes in SOC and TN may have contributed to microbial biomass, respiration, and N-mineralization rates generally being greatest in CL and least in the CH treatment. Although no significant differences were observed in any specific microbial group based on concentrations of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers, multivariate analysis of PLFA data revealed that microbial community structure differed among treatments. The CH grazing rate during a drought period altered plant community and microbial composition which subsequently impacted biogeochemical C and N cycles. C1 [Ingram, L. J.; Stahl, P. D.; Vance, G. F.] Univ Wyoming, Dep Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Schuman, G. E.; Derner, J. D.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Buyer, J. S.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ganjegunte, G. K.] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res & Ext Ctr El Paso, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, El Paso, TX 79927 USA. [Welker, J. M.] Univ Alaska, Environ & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Welker, J. M.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. RP Ingram, LJ (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dep Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM lachy@uwyo.edu RI Ganjegunte, Girisha/A-9679-2008; Welker, Jeffrey/C-9493-2013; Ingram, Lachlan/E-3529-2013 OI Ingram, Lachlan/0000-0002-4697-9504 NR 82 TC 61 Z9 67 U1 9 U2 79 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 939 EP 948 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0038 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325DV UT WOS:000257569500005 ER PT J AU Liebig, MA Wikenheiser, DJ Nichols, KA AF Liebig, M. A. Wikenheiser, D. J. Nichols, K. A. TI Opportunities to utilize the USDA-ARS Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory soil sample archive SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN; CARBON AB Archived soil samples are an important resource for quantifying changes in soil attributes over decadal time scales. Herein, we describe a soil archive at the USDA-ARS Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory (NGPRL) near Mandan, ND with the intent of encouraging research collaboration through utilization of the archive. Over 5000 samples are included in the NGPRL soil archive, ranging in age from 4 to 90 yr. Samples were derived from both grazing and cropping studies, with the former being conducted near Mandan, and the latter as a part of an evaluation of soil C and N change at multiple locations throughout the Great Plains. Most samples are associated with soil depths above 30.5 cm, although 10 locations from the Great Plains evaluation possess archived soils below 1 m for native vegetation treatments. Collaborative research opportunities using the NGPRL soil archive abound, and may include characterizations of soil organic matter fractions, micronutrients, and soil acidity. Scientists interested in engaging in collaborative research efforts are encouraged to contact the authors of this report. C1 [Liebig, M. A.; Nichols, K. A.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Wikenheiser, D. J.] Univ Mary, Bismarck, ND 58504 USA. RP Liebig, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM mark.liebig@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 975 EP 977 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0324N PG 3 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325DV UT WOS:000257569500009 ER PT J AU Bushong, JT Roberts, TL Ross, WJ Norman, RJ Slaton, NA Wilson, CE AF Bushong, J. T. Roberts, T. L. Ross, W. J. Norman, R. J. Slaton, N. A. Wilson, C. E., Jr. TI Evaluation of distillation and diffusion techniques for estimating hydrolyzable amino sugar-nitrogen as a means of predicting nitrogen mineralization SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL; FERTILIZATION; INDEXES AB A rapid method to estimate soil N mineralization to improve N fertilizer recommendations has long been sought. Over the years, numerous methods to predict N mineralization have been proposed, but no one method has been widely accepted. Recently, researchers observed the concentration of hydrolyzable amino sugar-N in the soil correlated with crop N response. The objective of this study was to determine if developmental methods that quantify hydrolyzable amino sugar-N accurately predict N mineralization when compared to net-N mineralization by anaerobic incubation. Methods evaluated to predict hydrolyzable amino sugar-N were the Illinois soil nitrogen test (ISNT) by diffusion, and 2, 5, and 10 M NaOH direct steam distillation procedures. It was observed that the hydrolyzable amino sugar-N was a somewhat accurate predictor of N mineralization (R-2 = 0.38). However, when the hydrolyzable amino sugar-N concentrations were combined with the hydrolyzable NH4-N concentrations, the ability to predict N mineralization improved (R-2 = 0.61). Suggesting more labile soil organic N forms along with amino sugar-N are potentially mineralizable. Rapid analytical procedures like the ISNT diffusion method and the 2, 5, and 10 M NaOH direct steam distillation techniques accurately predicted hydrolyzable amino sugar-N as well as hydrolyzable (NH4 + amino sugar)N. These methods also accurately predicted NH4-N mineralized after anaerobic incubation. It could be assumed that this predictability may increase when soils are analyzed based on soil management, geographic area, and crop rotation. Glucosamine recovery was significant (>85%, P = 0.05) for both methods showing their ability to quantify amino sugar-N in the soil as well as estimate the amount of potentially mineralizable-N. Lastly, in soil-testing facilities where the ISNT is already implemented as a procedure, the much quicker and equally reliable 10 M NaOH distillation technique may be used to achieve near identical test values. C1 [Bushong, J. T.] USDA, NRCS, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Roberts, T. L.; Ross, W. J.; Norman, R. J.; Slaton, N. A.; Wilson, C. E., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Bushong, JT (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, 4900 Oklahoma Ave,Ste 300, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM Jacob.Bushong@ok.usda.gov NR 19 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 17 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 992 EP 999 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0401 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325DV UT WOS:000257569500012 ER PT J AU Paschold, JS Wienhold, BJ Ferguson, RB McCallister, DL AF Paschold, J. S. Wienhold, B. J. Ferguson, R. B. McCallister, D. L. TI Soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability for field-applied slurry from swine fed traditional and low-phytate corn SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATTLE FEEDLOT MANURE; MINERALIZATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; NUTRIENTS; COMPOST; PIGS AB Swine (Sus scrofa) slurry contains nutrients essential for crop production but usually contains more P relative to N than is required by most crops, creating the potential for negative environmental impacts. Diet modifications such as low-phytate corn (Zea mays L.) have resulted in improved bioavailabdity of P and reduced manure P content. A field study was conducted to compare in situ availability of N and P at two sites. One site received three annual additions of manure from swine fed low-phytate corn or traditional corn diets or inorganic fertilizer, surface applied to rainfed no-till sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. A second site received a one-time application and incorporation of the same nutrient treatments to irrigated corn. Nutrient treatments were applied at rates intended to meet crop N needs. At both sites, an in situ soil core resin bag technique was used to determine available N and P during the growing season. Potentially mineralizable N was 70% of applied N and extractable P was 100% of applied P for manure from both diets. Incorporation of swine slurry reduced potentially mineralizable N to 40% the year of application and 30% the year after application and reduced extractable P to 60% the year of application and 40% the year after application for both diets. Modified diets reduced the P content of the manure but not the availability of N or P. C1 [Paschold, J. S.; Wienhold, B. J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Ferguson, R. B.; McCallister, D. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wienhold, BJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Brian.Wienhold@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 1096 EP 1101 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0225 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325DV UT WOS:000257569500024 ER PT J AU Rhoton, FE Emmerich, WE DiCarlo, DA McChesney, DS Nearing, MA Ritchie, JC AF Rhoton, F. E. Emmerich, W. E. DiCarlo, D. A. McChesney, D. S. Nearing, M. A. Ritchie, J. C. TI Identification of suspended sediment sources using soil characteristics in a semiarid watershed SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STABLE CARBON-ISOTOPE; VEGETATION CHANGE; FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDES; MAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS; SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; AGGREGATE STABILITY; UNITED-STATES; RIVER-BASIN; LANDSCAPE; TRANSPORT AB Identification of primary sediment source areas in watersheds is necessary to ensure that best management practices are installed in areas that maximize reductions in sediment and chemical loadings of receiving waters. Our objectives were to use a soil geomorphology-erodibility approach to locate sediment sources in the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW). Major soil mapping units were sampled along transects in six subwatersheds (SWs). At each sampling point, latitude-longitude, slope gradient, slope aspect, and hillslope position were recorded. Samples collected from the surface 5.0 cm were characterized for a range of basic soil characterization properties. Additionally, Cs-137, K-40, Ra-226, and stable C isotope distributions were quantified as potential source area indicators. Suspended sediment samples collected from WGEW and SW flumes were characterized for the same properties. Relative to the SW soils, the suspended sediments were generally enriched in silt, clay, organic C, inorganic C, total N, extractable cations, extractable Fe and Mn, C-13 from C3 plants, K-40, and Ra-226. The suspended sediment from three SWs was enriched in Cs-137. Eleven characterization parameters were used in a multivariate mixing model to identify the SWs contributing the greatest sediment loads in the WGEW The mixing model results indicated that three SWs were contributing approximately 86% of the sediment, and that the greatest amount originated in the three SWs with the lowest soil aggregation index (highest erodibility). These results were supported by the delta C-13 data, which indicated that approximately 65% of the stable C isotopes leaving the WGEW during this period were derived from C3 plants (shrubs), the dominant vegetation on the three SWs. C1 [Rhoton, F. E.; DiCarlo, D. A.; McChesney, D. S.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Emmerich, W. E.; Nearing, M. A.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Ritchie, J. C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rhoton, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM fred.rhoton@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 72 IS 4 BP 1102 EP 1112 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0066 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 325DV UT WOS:000257569500025 ER PT J AU Smith, RG McSwiney, CP Grandy, AS Suwanwaree, P Snider, RM Robertson, GP AF Smith, Richard G. McSwiney, Claire P. Grandy, A. Stuart Suwanwaree, Pongthep Snider, Renate M. Robertson, G. Philip TI Diversity and abundance of earthworms across an agricultural land-use intensity gradient SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE management systems; no-till; old-field; organic; soil biota; succession; tillage ID NITROGEN DYNAMICS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; TILLAGE PRACTICES; SOIL; POPULATIONS; INTENSIFICATION; DENSITY; LUMBRICIDAE; COMMUNITIES; SUCCESSION AB Understanding how communities of important soil invertebrates vary with land use may lead to the development of more sustainable land-use strategies. We assessed the abundance and species composition of earthworm communities across six replicated long-term experimental ecosystems that span a gradient in agricultural land-use intensity. The experimental systems include a conventional row-crop agricultural system, two lower-intensity row-crop systems (no-till and tilled organic input), an early successional old-field system, a 40-60 years old coniferous forest plantation, and an old-growth deciduous forest system. Earthworm populations varied among systems; they were lowest in the most intensively managed row-crop system (107 m(-2)) and coniferous forest (160 m(-2)); intermediate in the old-field (273 m(-2)), no-till (328 m(-2)) and tilled organic (344 m(-2)) cropping systems; and highest in the old-growth deciduous forest system (701 m(-2)). juvenile Aporrectodea species were the most common earthworms encountered in intensively managed systems; other species made up a larger proportion of the community in less intensively managed systems. Earthworm community biomass and species richness also varied and were lowest in the conventional row-crop system and greatest in the old-growth forest system. These results suggest that both land-use intensity and land-use type are strong drivers of the abundance and composition of earthworm communities in agricultural ecosystems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smith, Richard G.; McSwiney, Claire P.; Grandy, A. Stuart; Robertson, G. Philip] Michigan State Univ, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Smith, Richard G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Grandy, A. Stuart; Robertson, G. Philip] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Suwanwaree, Pongthep] Suranaree Univ Technol, Inst Sci, Sch Biol, Amphur Maung 30000, Thailand. [Snider, Renate M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Smith, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM richgsmith@gmail.com RI Robertson, G/H-3885-2011 OI Robertson, G/0000-0001-9771-9895 NR 37 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.04.009 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357GF UT WOS:000259833600010 ER PT J AU Spargo, JT Alley, MM Follett, RF Wallace, JV AF Spargo, John T. Alley, Marcus M. Follett, Ronald F. Wallace, James V. TI Soil carbon sequestration with continuous no-till management of grain cropping systems in the Virginia coastal plain SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE no-till; carbon sequestration; soil quality; biosolids ID CORN-SOYBEAN ROTATIONS; ORGANIC-MATTER; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; UNITED-STATES; BULK-DENSITY; STRATIFICATION RATIO; NITROGEN STORAGE; EASTERN CANADA; ROOT-GROWTH; IMPACT AB Carbon sequestration in agroecosystems represents a significant opportunity to offset a portion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Climatic conditions in the Virginia coastal plain and modern production practices make it possible for high annual photosynthetic CO2 fixation. There is potential to sequester a substantial amount of C, and concomitantly improve soil quality, with the elimination of tillage for crop production in this region. The objectives of our research were to: (1) measure C sequestration rate with continuous no-till management of grain cropping systems of the Virginia middle coastal plain; (2) determine the influence of biosolids application history on C content and its interaction with tillage management; and (3) evaluate the impact of continuous no-till C stratification as an indicator of soil quality. Samples were collected from 63 sites in production fields using a rotation of corn (Zea mays L.)wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)/soybean double-crop (Glysine max L.) across three soil series [Bojac (coarse-loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludults), Altavista (fine-loamy, mixed semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults), and Kempsville (fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Hapludults)] with a history of continuous no-till management ranging from 0 to 14 years. Thirty-two of the sites had a history of biosolids application. Five soil cores were collected at each site from 0-2.5,2.5-7.5 and 7.5-15 cm and analyzed for bulk density and soil C. Bulk density in the 0-2.5 cm layer decreased and C stratification ratio (0-2.5 cm:7.5-15 cm) increased with increasing duration of continuous no-till due to the accumulation of organic matter at the soil surface. A history of biosolids application resulted in an increase of 4.19 +/- 1.93 Mg C ha(-1) (0-15 cm). Continuous no-till resulted in the sequestration of 0.308 +/- 0.280 Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) (0-15 cm). Our results provide quantitative validation of the C sequestration rate and improved soil quality with continuous no-till management in the region using on-farm observations. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Spargo, John T.; Alley, Marcus M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Follett, Ronald F.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wallace, James V.] Colonial Soil & Water Conservat Dist, Quinton, VA 23141 USA. RP Spargo, JT (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jspargo@vt.edu FU USDA-NRCS; Virginia Agricultural Council; Phillip Morris USA FX Our appreciation is extended to all of the producer cooperators for giving us access to farm fields to collect soil samples and providing us with management history. Without their help, this work would not have been possible. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. Financial support for this research was provided by the USDA-NRCS through a Conservation Innovation Grant, the Virginia Agricultural Council, and Phillip Morris USA. NR 48 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.010 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357GF UT WOS:000259833600017 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Stuedemann, JA AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Stuedemann, John A. TI Soil physical responses to cattle grazing cover crops under conventional and no tillage in the Southern Piedmont USA SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aggregation; bulk density; grazing; infiltration; no tillage; penetration resistance ID GRAZED TALL FESCUE; ORGANIC-MATTER; PENETRATION RESISTANCE; LONG-TERM; LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; CROPPING SYSTEMS; CARBON; AGGREGATION; MANAGEMENT; ROTATION AB Grazing of cover crops in grain cropping systems can increase economic return and diversify agricultural production systems, but the environmental consequences of this intensified management have not been well documented, especially under different tillage systems. We conducted a multiple-year investigation of how cover crop management (grazed and ungrazed) and tillage system [conventional (CT; initial moldboard plowing and thereafter disk tillage) and no tillage (NIT)] affected soil physical properties (bulk density, aggregation, infiltration, and penetration resistance) on a Typic Kanhapludult in Georgia. Responses were determined in two cropping systems: summer grain/winter cover crop and winter grain/ summer cover crop. Soil bulk density was reduced (P = 0.02) with CT compared with NT to a depth of 30 cm at the end of 0.5 year, but only to a depth of 12 cm at the end of 2, 2.5. and 4.5 years. Grazing of cover crops had little effect on soil bulk density, except eventually with 4.5 years of management. Water-stable macroaggregation was reduced (P <= 0.01) with CT compared with NT to a depth of 12 cm at all sampling times during the first 2.5 years of evaluation. Stability of macroaggregates in water was unaffected by grazing of cover crops in both tillage systems. Across 7 sampling events during the first 4 years, there was a tendency (P = 0.07) for water infiltration rate to be lower with grazing of cover crops (5.6 mm rnin(-1)) than when ungrazed (6.9 mm min(-1)), irrespective of tillage system. Across 10 sampling events, soil penetration resistance was greater under NT than under CT at a depth of 0-10 cm (P = 0.001) and the difference was greater in ungrazed than in grazed systems (P = 0.06). Biannual CT operations may have alleviated any surface degradation with animal traffic, but the initially high level of soil organic matter following long-term pasture and conversion to cropland with NIT may have buffered the soil from any detrimental effects of animal traffic. Overall, the introduction of cattle to consume the high-quality cover crop forage did not cause substantial damage to the soil. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.; Stuedemann, John A.] ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program [2001-35107-11126]; Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn FX We gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical contributions of Steve Knapp, Eric Elsner, Devin Berry, Stephanie Steed, Kim Lyness, Robert Martin, and Dwight Seman. Financial support was provided in part by the USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (Agr. No. 2001-35107-11126) and the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn. NR 47 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 6 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 141 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.05.011 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 357GF UT WOS:000259833600018 ER PT J AU Ames, M Salas, A Spooner, DM AF Ames, Mercedes Salas, Alberto Spooner, David M. TI A morphometric study of species boundaries of the wild potato Solanum series Piurana (Solanaceae) and putatively related species from seven other series in Solanum sect. Petota SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE morphometrics; Peru; potatoes; Solanaceae; Solanum section Petota; Solanum series Piurana ID BREVICAULE COMPLEX SOLANACEAE; CONICIBACCATA; COLLAPSE; PERU AB There are about 190 wild potato (Solanum L. section Petota Dumort.) species distributed from the southwestern United States to central Argentina and adjacent Chile and Uruguay. The morphological similarity of many of its constituent species has led to widely conflicting taxonomic treatments Solanum series Piurana Hawkes is one of 21 series recognized in section Petota in the latest comprehensive taxonomic treatment by Hawkes in 1990. They are distributed from Southern Colombia, south through Ecuador to central Peru. The limits of the series and validity of its constituent species are unresolved. We provide the first comprehensive morphological phenetic study of the series, to include putatively related species in ser. Conicibaccata, Cuneoalata, Ingifolia, Megistacroloba, Simplicissima, Tuberosa, and Yungasensa, through all examination 188 living germplasm accessions of 33 species, planted in replicated plots in a field station in Andean Peru. Only four morphologically well-defined groups were Supported. Continuing work is exploring molecular support for these species in these eight series. C1 [Ames, Mercedes; Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Salas, Alberto] Int Potato Ctr, Lima, Peru. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; CIP; NSF DEB [0316614] FX The authors thank the staff of the US Potato Genebank and the International Potato Center for germplasm, the International Potato Center for greenhouse facilities in Peru, and Diego Fajardo for help in gathering data. This research was supported by the USDA, CIP, and NSF DEB Grant 0316614 to David Spooner entitled PBI Solanum: a worldwide treatment (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/solanaceaesource//)." NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI BRONX PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458-5126 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 566 EP 578 DI 10.1600/036364408785679789 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 341VY UT WOS:000258744600011 ER PT J AU Spooner, DM Fajardo, D Salas, A AF Spooner, David M. Fajardo, Diego Salas, Alberto TI Revision of the Solanum medians complex (Solanum section Petota) SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; lomas; potato; Solanum medians; Solanum section Petota ID SPECIES BOUNDARIES; SOUTHERN PERU; WILD; SOLANACEAE; TAXONOMY; COLLAPSE AB Solanum medians is a widely distributed species of wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota), growing along the coastal lomas and up the western slopes of the Andes Mountains from central Peru and northern Chile, from 200-3800 m elevation. Fertile diploid and sterile triploid cytotypes are common, are believed to be associated with morphological variants, and are formally named as subspecies. A morphometric study based on principal components and canonical discriminate analyses of characters obtained from herbarium specimens tests the circumscription of these subspecies and other currently recognized species that are very similar to S. medians. The results show so much overlap of these taxa that it is impractical to use morphology to define species or to provide reliable keys or identifications. We synonymize ten names under S. medians; S. medians var. angustifoliolum, S. medians var. majorifrons subvar. majorifrons, S. medians var. majorifrons subvar. protohypoleucum, S. medians var. aulummale, S. sandemannii, S. tacnaense, S. weberbaueri var. decurrentialatum, S. tacnaense f. decurrentialatum, S. weberbaueri, S. weberbaueri var. poscoanum. We also treat S. neoweberbaueri as a closely related species to S. medians. We consider the synonymy in S. medians to be part of a much larger need for reduction of names in sect. Petota. C1 [Spooner, David M.; Fajardo, Diego] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Salas, Alberto] Int Potato Ctr, Lima, Peru. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; CIP; NSF [DEB 0316614] FX We thank the curators of following herbaria for loans or hosting us to visit their herbaria: C, CIP, COL, CONC, CUZ, F. G, GH, GOET, HAO K, LL, MA, MO, MOL, NY, OXF, P, PTIS, S, SGO, U, UC, US, USM, and WIS. We thank Andrea Clausen and Associate Editor Gregory Plunkett for a review of this manuscript. This research was supported by the USDA, CIP, and NSF DEB 0316614 to David Spooner entitled "PBI Solamum: a world wide treatment" (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/projects/solanaceaesource//)." NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI BRONX PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458-5126 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 579 EP 588 DI 10.1600/036364408785679905 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 341VY UT WOS:000258744600012 ER PT J AU Pape, T Szpila, K Thompson, FC AF Pape, Thomas Szpila, Krzysztof Thompson, F. Christian TI What's in a frog stomach? Solving a 150-year-old mystery (Diptera : Calliphoridae) SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The nominal taxon Acanthosoma chrysalis Mayer, 1844 is revised, and a lectotype is designated. The species, which was described from Germany from a number of alleged parasites encysted in the peritoneal wall of the stomach of edible frogs, is shown to be based on first instar larvae of blow flies (Calliphoridae). Argued from the shape and configuration of mouthhooks and abdominal cuticular spines, Acanthosoma Mayer, 1844 is shown to be a junior synonym of Onesia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn.n., and A. chrysalis is shown to be a junior synonym of O. floralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn.n. This species is an obligate parasitoid of earthworms, and it is hypothesized that first instar larvae enter the frogs through infected earthworms. C1 [Pape, Thomas] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Szpila, Krzysztof] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Ecol & Environm Protect, Dept Anim Ecol, Torun, Poland. [Thompson, F. Christian] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Pape, T (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, Univ Pk 15, Copenhagen, Denmark. EM tpape@snm.ku.dk RI Pape, Thomas/E-7520-2011; Szpila, Krzysztof/D-9927-2014 OI Pape, Thomas/0000-0001-6609-0609; NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0307-6970 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 548 EP 551 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00420.x PG 4 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 316BA UT WOS:000256922700007 ER PT J AU Seversike, TM Ray, JD Shultz, JL Purcell, LC AF Seversike, Thomas M. Ray, Jeffery D. Shultz, Jeffry L. Purcell, Larry C. TI Soybean molecular linkage group B1 corresponds to classical linkage group 16 based on map location of the lf(2) gene SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID REGISTRATION AB The seven-leaflet character of soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] is a single recessive trait conditioned by the lf (2) gene. The lf (2) gene is located on linkage group (LG) 16 of the classical soybean genetic map, but it has not been placed on the molecular map. The objective of this research was to identify the location of the lf (2) gene on the soybean molecular map using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A backcross breeding method was used to create three- and seven-leaflet near-isogenic lines in genetic backgrounds of 'Traill', 'MN1401', and 'MN1801'. Eight mapping populations were derived from eight single heterozygous lf (2) lf (2) plants. A total of 482 SSR markers that covered approximately every 10-20 cM of all soybean molecular LG were used to screen the mapping populations for polymorphisms. For the 115 SSRs that were identified as polymorphic, possible linkage between the lf (2) gene and the polymorphic SSR markers was determined. One SSR marker from the LG B1, Sat_272, was linked (LOD > 4.0) to the lf(2) gene in the Traill and MN1401 derived populations, with map distances ranging from 2.8 to 11.2 cM. Two additional markers (a SSR, Sat_270 and a SNP, A588c) located on LG B1 were also polymorphic and were identified as linked to the lf (2) gene in one of the populations. This research was successful in mapping the lf (2) gene to LG B1 of the soybean molecular map and therefore, provides evidence that molecular LG B1 corresponds to classical LG 16. C1 [Purcell, Larry C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Seversike, Thomas M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ray, Jeffery D.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Shultz, Jeffry L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. RP Purcell, LC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, 1366 W Altheimer Dr, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM lpurcell@uark.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 117 IS 2 BP 143 EP 147 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0759-6 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 318XI UT WOS:000257125700001 PM 18392801 ER PT J AU Feng, JH Jan, CC AF Feng, Jiuhuan Jan, Chao-Chien TI Introgression and molecular tagging of Rf(4), a new male fertility restoration gene from wild sunflower Helianthus maximiliani L. SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; RESTORER GENE; LINKAGE MAP; ANNUUS L; POLLEN FERTILITY; IDENTIFICATION; GENOME; LOCUS; CONSTRUCTION AB Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and its fertility restoration (Rf) genes are critical tools for hybrid seed production to utilize heterosis. In sunflower, CMS PET1 and the associated Rf gene Rf(1) is the only source extensively used in commercial hybrid production. The objective of this research was to develop new sources of CMS and fertility restorers to broaden the genetic diversity of hybrid seed production. We identified a new type of CMS, named as CMS GIG2, from an interspecific cross between Helianthus giganteus accession1934 and H. annuus cv. HA 89. Based on reactions to a set of standard Rf testers, CMS GIG2 is different from all previously reported CMS types, including the CMS GIG1 from another H. giganteus accession. We also identified an Rf gene for CMS GIG2 from wild species H. maximiliani accession 1631. The CMS GIG2 and its restoration gene were introduced into HA 89 background through recurrent backcross and single plant selection techniques. Genetic analysis revealed that the CMS GIG2-Rf system is controlled by a completely dominant gene, named as Rf(4), and the gene additive and dominance effects were estimated as 39.9 and 42.2%, respectively, in the HA 89 background. The gene Rf(4) was mapped onto linkage group 3 with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and RFLP-derived STS-marker, and is about 0.9 cM away from the SSR marker ORS1114 based on a segregation population of 933 individuals. The CMS GIG2-Rf(4) system tagged by molecular markers provides an alternative genetic source for hybrid breeding in the sunflower crop. C1 [Jan, Chao-Chien] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Feng, Jiuhuan] S China Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China. [Feng, Jiuhuan] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Jan, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N,POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM chaochien.jan@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 117 IS 2 BP 241 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0769-4 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 318XI UT WOS:000257125700010 PM 18437344 ER PT J AU Druka, A Potokina, E Luo, Z Bonar, N Druka, I Zhang, L Marshall, DF Steffenson, BJ Close, TJ Wise, RP Kleinhofs, A Williams, RW Kearsey, MJ Waugh, R AF Druka, Arnis Potokina, Elena Luo, Zewei Bonar, Nicola Druka, Ilze Zhang, Ling Marshall, David F. Steffenson, Brian J. Close, Timothy J. Wise, Roger P. Kleinhofs, Andris Williams, Robert W. Kearsey, Michael J. Waugh, Robbie TI Exploiting regulatory variation to identify genes underlying quantitative resistance to the wheat stem rust pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici in barley SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ACTIN-DEPOLYMERIZING FACTOR; TRANSCRIPT-LEVEL VARIATION; APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH; LESION MIMIC MUTANT; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; TRAIT LOCI; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; CANDIDATE GENES; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN AB We previously mapped mRNA transcript abundance traits (expression-QTL or eQTL) using the Barley1 Affymetrix array and 'whole plant' tissue from 139 progeny of the Steptoe x Morex (St/Mx) reference barley mapping population. Of the 22,840 probesets (genes) on the array, 15,987 reported transcript abundance signals that were suitable for eQTL analysis, and this revealed a genome-wide distribution of 23,738 significant eQTLs. Here we have explored the potential of using these mRNA abundance eQTL traits as surrogates for the identification of candidate genes underlying the interaction between barley and the wheat stem rust fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. We re-analysed quantitative 'resistance phenotype' data collected on this population in 1990/1991 and identified six loci associated with barley's reaction to stem rust. One of these coincided with the major stem rust resistance locus Rpg1, that we had previously positionally cloned using this population. Correlation analysis between phenotype values for rust infection and mRNA abundance values reported by the 22,840 GeneChip probe sets placed Rpg1, which is on the Barley1 GeneChip, in the top five candidate genes for the major QTL on chromosome 7H corresponding to the location of Rpg1. A second co-located with the rpg4/Rpg5 stem rust resistance locus that has been mapped in a different population and the remaining four were novel. Correlation analyses identified candidate genes for the rpg4/Rpg5 locus on chromosome 5H. By combining our data with additional published mRNA profiling data sets, we identify a putative sensory transduction histidine kinase as a strong candidate for a novel resistance locus on chromosome 2H and compile candidate gene lists for the other three loci. C1 [Druka, Arnis; Bonar, Nicola; Druka, Ilze; Marshall, David F.; Waugh, Robbie] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Genet Programme, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Potokina, Elena; Luo, Zewei; Kearsey, Michael J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, England. [Druka, Ilze] Univ Abertay, Sch Comp & Creat Technol, Dundee DD1 1HG, Scotland. [Zhang, Ling; Kleinhofs, Andris] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Steffenson, Brian J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Close, Timothy J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Williams, Robert W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Waugh, R (reprint author), Scottish Crop Res Inst, Genet Programme, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. EM robbie.waugh@scri.ac.uk RI Druka, Arnis/E-9701-2011; Marshall, David/F-2471-2011; Potokina, Elena/B-1211-2014; OI Marshall, David/0000-0001-9309-2570; Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council NR 77 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 117 IS 2 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0771-x PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 318XI UT WOS:000257125700012 PM 18542913 ER PT J AU Stegelmeier, BL Molyneux, RJ Asano, N Watson, AA Nash, RJ AF Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Molyneux, Russell J. Asano, Naoki Watson, Alison A. Nash, Robert J. TI The Comparative Pathology of the Glycosidase Inhibitors Swainsonine, Castanospermine, and Calystegines A3, B2, and C1 in Mice SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE swainsonine; castanospermine; calystegine; astragalus; ipomoea; locoweed ID IPOMOEA-CARNEA; LECTIN HISTOCHEMISTRY; LOCOWEED ASTRAGALUS; POISONOUS PLANT; LIVER; ALKALOIDS; TOXICITY; GOATS; CONVOLVULACEAE; MANNOSIDOSIS AB To study various polyhydroxy-alkaloid glycosidase inhibitors, 16 groups of 3 mice were dosed using osmotic minipumps with swainsonine (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg/day), castanospermine, and calystegines A(3), B(2), and C(1) (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day). After 28 days, the mice were euthanized, necropsied, and examined using light and electron microscopy. The high-dose swainsonine-treated mice developed neurologic disease with neuro-visceral vacuolation typical of locoweed poisoning. Castanospermine- and calystegines-treated mice were clinically normal; however, high-dose castanospermine-treated mice had thyroid, renal, hepatic, and skeletal myocyte vacuolation. Histochemically, swainsonine- and castanospermine-induced vacuoles contained mannose-rich oligosaccharides. High-dose calystegine A(3)-treated mice had increased numbers of granulated cells in the hepatic sinusoids. Electron microscopy, lectin histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry suggest these are pit cells (specialized NK cells). Histochemically, the granules contain glycoproteins or oligosaccharides with abundant terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues. Other calystegine-treated mice were histologically normal. These findings indicate that swainsonine produced lesions similar to locoweed, castanospermine caused vacuolar changes with minor changes in glycogen metabolism, and only calystegine A(3) produced minimal hepatic changes. These also suggest that in mice calystegines and castanospermine are less toxic than swainsonine, and as rodents are relatively resistant to disease, they are poor models to study such induced storage diseases. C1 [Stegelmeier, Bryan L.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Molyneux, Russell J.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Asano, Naoki] Hokuriku Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 92011, Japan. [Watson, Alison A.; Nash, Robert J.] Inst Grassland & Environm Res, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, Wales. RP Stegelmeier, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM bryan.stegelmeier@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 36 IS 5 BP 651 EP 659 DI 10.1177/0192623308317420 PG 9 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 463VC UT WOS:000267459500002 PM 18497426 ER PT J AU Haag, WR Warren, ML AF Haag, Wendell R. Warren, Melvin L., Jr. TI Effects of severe drought on freshwater mussel assemblages SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COASTAL-PLAIN; LIFE-HISTORY; RIVER; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; BASIN; USA; RESPONSES; EMERSION; BIOLOGY AB We examined changes in freshwater mussel abundance and species composition at eight sites in Alabama and Mississippi in response to a severe drought in 2000. Five small-stream sites in Bankhead National Forest were heavily impacted by drought; one site dried almost completely, and four sites experienced total or near cessation of flow but retained water in their channels to a large extent. In contrast, three large-stream sites retained flow and experienced only minor streambed exposure, primarily along the stream margins. In small streams, overall mussel density before and after the drought declined by 65-83%, and the magnitude of the decline did not differ among streams regardless of whether the channel dried or remained wetted. Introduced Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam) experienced near total mortality and declined to a greater extent than native unionids. The magnitude of decline was similar among unionid species, and the likelihood of surviving the drought was mostly a function of predrought abundance; differences in drought tolerance among species were not evident. Consequently, assemblage composition changed primarily because of the loss of rare species, resulting in drainagewide homogenization and convergence on a shrinking species pool. In contrast, we found no evidence for changes in the total abundance or composition of mussel assemblages in large streams that continued to flow during the drought. Our results show that mussels are highly sensitive to the secondary effects of drought-most likely the low levels of dissolved oxygen caused by low flow, warm temperatures, and high biological oxygen demand-in addition to the direct drying of their habitat. The postdrought abundances of some species in Bankhead National Forest may now be below the minimum necessary for successful reproduction. These populations, which are isolated by reservoirs, may be in a downward spiral from which they will have difficulty recovering in the absence of immigration. C1 [Haag, Wendell R.; Warren, Melvin L., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Forest Hydrol Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Haag, WR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Forest Hydrol Lab, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM whaag@fs.fed.us NR 43 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 137 IS 4 BP 1165 EP 1178 DI 10.1577/T07-100.1 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 333PD UT WOS:000258163500020 ER PT J AU Hughs, SE Valco, TD Williford, JR AF Hughs, S. E. Valco, T. D. Williford, J. R. TI 100 YEARS OF COTTON PRODUCTION, HARVESTING, AND GINNING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING: 1907-2007 SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Cotton ginning; Cotton harvesting; Cotton picking; Cotton production; History AB The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) celebrated its centennial year during 2007. As part of the ASABE centennial, the authors were asked to describe agricultural engineering accomplishments in U.S. cotton production, harvesting, and ginning over the past 100 years. The U.S. cotton industry has not existed in a vacuum but has always been influenced by social, political, and economic forces as well as engineering developments throughout its history. However, for the purpose of this article, the authors concentrated solely on describing engineering developments and practices in cotton production, harvesting, and ginning and their influence on each other In order to describe engineering developments from 1907 forward, it was necessary to lay some basic groundwork on what occurred prior to the last 100 years in the U.S. cotton industry. C1 [Hughs, S. E.] ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88011 USA. [Valco, T. D.; Williford, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Hughs, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, 5530 Remington Rd, Las Cruces, NM 88011 USA. EM shughs@nmsu.edu NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1187 EP 1198 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500005 ER PT J AU Appelboom, TW Chescheir, GM Skaggs, RW Gilliam, JW Amatya, DM AF Appelboom, T. W. Chescheir, G. M. Skaggs, R. W. Gilliam, J. W. Amatya, D. M. TI NITROGEN BALANCE FOR A PLANTATION FOREST DRAINAGE CANAL ON THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY NOV 09-12, 2005 CL Univ Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI HO Univ Wisconsin-Madison DE In-stream processes; Nitrogen budget; Nitrogen mass balance; Nitrogen transformations; Water quality ID SAMPLE PRESERVATION; CONIFEROUS FOREST; WATER-QUALITY; LAND-USE; STREAM; ECOSYSTEMS; FERTILIZATION; PHOSPHORUS; NUTRIENTS; THROUGHFALL AB Human alteration of the nitrogen cycle has led to increased riverine nitrogen loads, contributing to the eutrophication of lakes, streams, estuaries, and near-coastal oceans. These riverine nitrogen loads are usually less than the total nitrogen inputs to the system, indicating nitrogen removal during transport through the drainage network. A two-year monitoring study quantified the ammonium, nitrate, and organic-N inputs, outputs, and inferred in-stream processes responsible for nitrogen transformations and removal in a 1900 in reach of a drainage canal located in a managed pine plantation. Total nitrogen inputs to the canal section were 527.8 kg in 2001. and 1422.7 kg in 2002. Total nitrogen discharge at the outlet was 502 kg in 2001 and 1458 kg in 2002. The mass balance of nitrogen inputs and outputs indicated a loss of 25.8 kg (5.1%) of total nitrogen from the system in 2001, and a gain of 35.3 kg (2.4%) of total nitrogen to the system in 2002. Variability in the input and output estimates was high, especially for groundwater exchange. Different hydrologic and nitrogen inputs and outputs were identified and quantified, but measurement variability obscured any potential nitrogen removal from the system. C1 [Appelboom, T. W.] ARS, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Gilliam, J. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chescheir, G. M.; Skaggs, R. W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Amatya, D. M.] USDA Forest Serv, Charleston, SC USA. RP Appelboom, TW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 4115 Gourrier Ave, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. EM tappelboom@msa-stoneville.ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1215 EP 1233 PG 19 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500007 ER PT J AU Gilley, JE Sabatka, WE Eghball, B Marx, DB AF Gilley, J. E. Sabatka, W. E. Eghball, B. Marx, D. B. TI NUTRIENT TRANSPORT AS AFFECTED BY RATE OF OVERLAND FLOW SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Crop residue; Land application; Manure management; Manure runoff; Nitrogen movement; Nutrient losses; Phosphorus; Runoff; Tillage; Water quality ID CORN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; BEEF-CATTLE MANURE; PHOSPHORUS LEVELS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; RAINFALL SIMULATOR; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; INTERRILL AREAS; SWINE MANURE; PLOT-SCALE AB Little information is currently available concerning the effects of varying flow rate on nutrient transport by overland flow. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of overland flow rate on nutrient transport following the application of beef cattle or swine manure to plots containing 0, 2, 4, or 8 Mg ha(-1) of corn residue. After addition of residue materials to 0.75 in wide by 2.0 in long plots, beef cattle or swine manure was added and the plots were then either disked or maintained in a no-till condition. Three 30 min simulated rainfall events, separated by 24 h intervals, were applied at an intensity of approximately 70 mm h(-1). The transport of dissolved phosphorus (L)P), particulate P (PP), total phosphorus (TP), NO3-N, NH4-N, total nitrogen (TN), and soil loss was measured. Nutrient load from the plots on which manure was applied was not significantly affected by the amount of corn residue on the soil surface. Transport of DP in runoff was greater under no-till than till conditions. Rate of overland flow significantly affected PP and TP load. The transport of NO3-N and TN was affected by runoff rate but was not significantly influenced by tillage. Both tillage and runoff rate were found to affect the transport of NH4-N in runoff. Soil loss was significantly influenced by the amount of residue on the soil surface and runoff rate. Tillage condition and runoff rate should be considered when nutrient transport from land application areas is estimated. C1 [Gilley, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sabatka, W. E.] URS Corp, Denver, CO USA. RP Gilley, JE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Room 251,Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM John.Gilley@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1287 EP 1293 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500013 ER PT J AU Narayanan, P Lefcourt, AM Tasch, U Rostamian, R Grinblat, A Kim, MS AF Narayanan, P. Lefcourt, A. M. Tasch, U. Rostamian, R. Grinblat, A. Kim, M. S. TI THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF STABILITY OF AXIALLY SYMMETRIC ROTATING OBJECTS WITH REGARD TO ORIENTING APPLES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Apples; Calyx; Machine vision; Orientation; Physical properties; Stem ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; FECAL CONTAMINATION; SURFACE-DEFECTS; ORIENTATION; INSPECTION; SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; VISION; SHAPE AB Inspection using machine vision offers the potential for improved food safety and quality. However, effectiveness of fruit inspection has been limited by the difficulty of appropriately orienting fruit for imaging. Commercial orientation systems have had limited impact due to mechanical complexity, cost, error, or some combination thereof. Preliminary tests demonstrated that apples could be oriented by rolling them down a track consisting of two parallel rails. After achieving sufficient angular velocity, the apples moved to an orientation where the stem/calyx axis was perpendicular to the direction of travel and parallel to the plane of the track. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether this orientation phenomenon could be explained in terms of the inertial characteristics of axially symmetric objects. Rotation of a free body around an axis of axial symmetry was found to be stable, while rotation around an axis perpendicular to this symmetric axis was not. Furthermore, comparisons of action values for two different mathematical models of apples indicate that inertial characteristics can be used to orient apples. The critical assumption for this analysis was that for the same object traveling the same path with different initial orientations, lower action values represent preferred motions. This study introduces the novel use of action integrals to examine stability, and the results provide testable predictions that round apples as compared to elongated or squat apples and larger elongated apples will need to travel farther before orientation is favored. C1 [Narayanan, P.; Tasch, U.; Grinblat, A.] UMBC, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Lefcourt, A. M.; Kim, M. S.] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rostamian, R.] UMBC, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Tasch, U (reprint author), UMBC, Dept Mech Engn, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM tasch@umbc.edu NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1353 EP 1364 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500018 ER PT J AU Kandala, CVK Butts, CL Lamb, MC AF Kandala, C. V. K. Butts, C. L. Lamb, M. C. TI MOISTURE CONTENT DETERMINATION FOR IN-SHELL PEANUTS WITH A LOW-COST IMPEDANCE ANALYZER AND CAPACITOR SENSOR SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Capacitance; CI meter; Impedance analyzer; In-shell peanuts; Moisture content; Phase angle ID RF IMPEDANCE AB Moisture content (MC) in peanuts is an important parameter to be measured and monitored at various stages in the peanut industry. In previous research, peanut MC was estimated by placing a sample between a set of parallel-plate conductors to measure capacitance and phase angle of the system with commercially available, expensive impedance analyzers. In this work, a low-cost impedance analyzer called the CI meter (Chari's impedance meter) was designed and developed to measure impedance and phase angles at frequencies 1, 5, and 9 MHz using the parallel-plate sensor The average MC values predicted by the CI meter for peanut samples harvested during two different years were compared with the standard air-oven values. In-shell peanut sample MC ranged between 6% and 23%. Over 90% of estimated in-shell MC values were within 1% of the air-oven values. Ability to determine the average MC of in-shell peanuts without shelling and cleaning them can be of considerable use in the peanut industry. C1 [Kandala, C. V. K.; Butts, C. L.; Lamb, M. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Kandala, CVK (reprint author), NPRL, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM Chari.kandala@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1377 EP 1381 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500021 ER PT J AU Ince, NF Onaran, I Pearson, T Tewfik, AH Cetin, AE Kalkan, H Yardimci, Y AF Ince, N. F. Onaran, I. Pearson, T. Tewfik, A. H. Cetin, A. E. Kalkan, H. Yardimci, Y. TI IDENTIFICATION OF DAMAGED WHEAT KERNELS AND CRACKED-SHELL HAZELNUTS WITH IMPACT ACOUSTICS TIME-FREQUENCY PATTERNS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Adaptive time-frequency analysis; Food kernel inspection; Impact acoustics; Kernel classification ID INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NUTS AB A new adaptive time-frequency (t-f) analysis and classification procedure is applied to impact acoustic signals for detecting hazelnuts with cracked shells and three types of damaged wheat kernels. Kernels were dropped onto a steel plate, and the resulting impact acoustic signals were recorded with a PC-based data acquisition system. These signals were segmented with a flexible local discriminant bases (F-LDB) procedure in the time-frequency plane to extract discriminative patterns between damaged and undamaged food kernels. The F-LDB procedure requires no prior knowledge of the relevant time or frequency indices of the impact acoustics signals for classification. The method automatically finds all crucial time-frequency indices from the training data by combining local cosine packet analysis and a frequency axis clustering approach, which supports individual time and frequency band adaptation. Discriminant features are extracted from the adoptively segmented acoustic signal, sorted according to a Fisher class separability criterion, post-processed by principal component analysis, and fed to a linear discriminant classifier Experimental results establish the superior performance of the proposed approach when compared to prior techniques reported in the literature or used in the field. The new approach separated damaged wheat kernels (IDK, pupal, and scab)from undamaged wheat kernels with 96%, 82%, and 94% accuracy, respectively. It also separated cracked-shell hazelnuts from those with undamaged shells with 97.1% accuracy. The adaptation capability of the algorithm to the time-frequency patterns of signals makes it a universal method for food kernel inspection that can resist the impact acoustic variability between different kernel and damage types. C1 [Ince, N. F.; Tewfik, A. H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Onaran, I.; Cetin, A. E.] Bilkent Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06533 Ankara, Turkey. [Pearson, T.] USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS USA. [Kalkan, H.; Yardimci, Y.] Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. RP Ince, NF (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 4-147C EE-CSCI Bldg,200 Union St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM firat@umn.edu FU scientific and technological research council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [106E057] FX This work was supported by the scientific and technological research council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the grant 106E057. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1461 EP 1469 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500029 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Ling, P Fleisher, DH Timlin, DJ Reddy, VR AF Yang, Y. Ling, P. Fleisher, D. H. Timlin, D. J. Reddy, V. R. TI NON-CONTACTING TECHNIQUES FOR PLANT DROUGHT STRESS DETECTION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Controlled-environment agriculture; Crop water stress index (CWSI); Equivalent water thickness (EWT); Irrigation scheduling; Plant monitoring; Top-projected canopy area (TPCA) ID PROSPECT PLUS SAIL; WATER-STRESS; CANOPY TEMPERATURE; INDEX; REFLECTANCE; IRRIGATION; INVERSION; GROWTH; WHEAT; VARIABILITY AB Plant drought stress indicators such as crop water stress index (CWSI), plant motion in the form of covariance of top-projected canopy area (COVTpCA), leaf water content represented as equivalent water thickness (EWT), and their threshold values for drought stress detection were established from measurements. Performances of these indicators in detecting drought stress of New Guinea Impatiens plants in a controlled environment were evaluated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare the timing of drought stress detection by these indicators against the timing of incipient drought stress defined by evapotranspiration (ET) and timing of human visual detection. Statistical analysis was also performed to study the consistency of the threshold values of the indicators in different experiments. ANOVA results showed that the CWSI was the most reliable indicator for early plant drought stress detection. The timing of the drought stress detection from the earliest to the latest was CWSI, EWT and COVTPCA. While COVTPCA and EWT were not able to detect drought stress as early as CWSI, ANOVA results indicated that these two indicators were able to detect drought stress no later than visual detection. ANOVA results also showed that there was no significant difference in threshold values of CWSI and COVTpCA in different experiments, but different cultivars used in the experiments resulted in significant differences in EWT threshold values. C1 [Yang, Y.] Univ Maryland, USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ling, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Wooster, OH USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 1,Room 201, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yang.yang@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1483 EP 1492 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 360AX UT WOS:000260030500031 ER PT J AU Wang, X Trigiano, R Windham, M Scheffler, B Rinehart, T Spiers, J AF Wang, X. Trigiano, R. Windham, M. Scheffler, B. Rinehart, T. Spiers, J. TI Development and characterization of simple sequence repeats for flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE simple sequence repeats; SSR-enriched libraries; polymorphism; Cornus florida L; flowering dogwood ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SSR MARKERS; PCR; DNA; LIBRARIES; CONSTRUCTION; CLONES; PLANTS; LOCI; IDENTIFICATION AB Abundant, codominant simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers can be used for constructing genetic linkage maps and in marker-assisted breeding programs. Enrichment methods for SSR motifs were optimized with the ultimate aim of developing numerous loci in flowering dogwood (C. florida L.) genome. Small insert libraries using four motifs (GT, CT, TGG, and AAC) were constructed with C. florida 'Cherokee Brave' deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 2,208 selected clones with three primers we reported previously indicated that 47% or 1,034 of the clones harbored one of the four targeted SSR motifs. Sequencing the putative positive clones confirmed that nearly 99% (1,021 of 1,034) of them contained the desired motifs. Of the 871 unique SSR loci, 617 were dinucleotide repeats (70.8%), and 254 were trinucleotide or longer repeats (29.2%). In total, 379 SSR loci had perfect structure, 237 had interrupted, and 255 had compound structure. Primer pairs were designed from 351 unique sequences. The ability of the 351 SSR primer pairs to amplify specific loci was evaluated with genomic DNA of 'Appalachian Spring' and 'Cherokee Brave'. Of these primers, 311 successfully amplified product(s) with 'Cherokee Brave' DNA, 21 produced weak or faint products, and 19 did not amplify any products. Additionally, 218 of the 311 primers pairs revealed polymorphisms between the two cultivars, and 20 out of 218 primers detected an average of 13.7 alleles from 38 selected Cornus species and hybrids. These SSR loci constitute a valuable resource of ideal markers for both genetic linkage mapping and gene tagging of flowering dogwood. C1 [Wang, X.; Trigiano, R.; Windham, M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Scheffler, B.] USDA ARS, CGRU, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rinehart, T.; Spiers, J.] USDA ARS, MSA So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Trigiano, R (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rtrigian@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUL PY 2008 VL 4 IS 3 BP 461 EP 468 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0123-z PG 8 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 303AL UT WOS:000256011500008 ER PT J AU Lalli, DA Abbott, AG Zhebentyayeva, TN Badenes, ML Damsteegt, V Polak, J Krska, B Salava, J AF Lalli, D. A. Abbott, A. G. Zhebentyayeva, T. N. Badenes, M. L. Damsteegt, V. Polak, J. Krska, B. Salava, J. TI A genetic linkage map for an apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) BC(1) population mapping plum pox virus resistance SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE sharka disease; Prunus; genetic linkage map; SSR; AFLP ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POTYVIRUS PPV; PEACH; CULTIVARS; PERSICA; SSR; IDENTIFICATION; BATSCH; AFLP; DNA AB Plum pox virus (sharka; PPV) can cause severe crop loss in economically important Prunus species such as peach, plum, apricot, and cherry. Of these species, certain apricot cultivars ('Stark Early Orange', 'Goldrich', 'Harlayne') display significant levels of resistance to the disease and are the genetic substrate for studies of several xlaboratories working cooperatively to genetically characterize and mark the resistance locus or loci for marker-assisted breeding. The goals of the work presented in this communication are the characterization of the genetics of PPV resistance in 'Stark Early Orange' and the development of co-dominant molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in PPV resistance breeding. We present the first genetic linkage map for an apricot backcross population of 'Stark Early Orange' and the susceptible cultivar 'Vestar' that segregates for resistance to PPV. This map is comprised of 357 loci (330 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), 26 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and 1 morphological marker for PPV resistance) assigned to eight linkage groups. Twenty-two of the mapped SSRs are shared in common with genetic reference map for Prunus (T x E; Joobeur et al. 1998) and anchor our apricot map to the general Prunus map. A PPV resistance locus was mapped in linkage group 1 and four AFLP markers segregating with the PPV resistance trait, identified through bulk segregant analysis, facilitated the development of SSRs in this region. C1 [Lalli, D. A.; Abbott, A. G.; Zhebentyayeva, T. N.] Clemson Univ, Dept Genet Biochem & Life Sci Studies, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Badenes, M. L.] Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Damsteegt, V.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Polak, J.; Salava, J.] Crop Res Inst, Div Plant Hlth, Prague 16106 6, Czech Republic. [Krska, B.] Mendel Univ Agr & Forestry Brno, Fac Hort, Lednice 69144, Czech Republic. RP Lalli, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Donna.Lalli@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Badenes, Maria Luisa/C-6606-2014 OI Badenes, Maria Luisa/0000-0001-9722-6783 NR 44 TC 42 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUL PY 2008 VL 4 IS 3 BP 481 EP 493 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0125-x PG 13 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 303AL UT WOS:000256011500010 ER PT J AU Bielenberg, DG Wang, Y Li, ZG Zhebentyayeva, T Fan, SH Reighard, GL Scorza, R Abbott, AG AF Bielenberg, Douglas Gary Wang, Ying (Eileen) Li, Zhigang Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana Fan, Shenghua Reighard, Gregory Lynn Scorza, Ralph Abbott, Albert Glenn TI Sequencing and annotation of the evergrowing locus in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] reveals a cluster of six MADS-box transcription factors as candidate genes for regulation of terminal bud formation SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE MADS-box; bud; dormancy; evergrowing; peach ID VEGETATIVE SHOOT DEVELOPMENT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PONCIRUS-TRIFOLIATA; LEAFY SPURGE; FRUIT-TREES; GENOMIC DNA; DORMANCY; EXPRESSION; DATABASE AB Buds are specialized structures that protect fragile meristematic regions during dormancy and are part of the mechanism that plants use to survive unfavorable environmental conditions such as low temperature or dessication stress. The evergrowing (evg) mutant of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] does not form terminal vegetative buds in response to dormancy-inducing conditions such as short days and low temperatures, and the terminal meristems maintain constant growth (leaf addition and internode elongation). We genetically mapped the evg trait and identified the corresponding genomic region in a wild-type genome. We sequenced and annotated the 132-kb region. Nineteen genes were predicted to be in the sequenced region. Ten of the predicted genes were demonstrated to be expressed in the wild-type germplasm but six of these were not expressed in mutant tissues. These six genes are a cluster of MIKC-type MADS-box transcription factors similar to genes from Ipomoea batatas and Solanum tuberosum MADS-box, which also regulate meristem growth in vegetative tissues. A 41,746-bp deletion is present in this region of the mutant genome which results in the loss of all or part of four of the six MADS-box genes. The six MADS-box genes that are not expressed in the mutant are candidates for the regulation of growth cessation and terminal bud formation in peach in response to dormancy-inducing conditions and have been named dormancy-associated MADS-box (DAM) genes. C1 [Bielenberg, Douglas Gary; Li, Zhigang; Reighard, Gregory Lynn] Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Wang, Ying (Eileen); Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana; Fan, Shenghua; Abbott, Albert Glenn] Clemson Univ, Dept Biochem & Genet, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Scorza, Ralph] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Bielenberg, DG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Hort, 152 Poole Agr Ctr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM dbielen@clemson.edu RI Bielenberg, Douglas/G-3893-2010; Fan, Shenghua/E-6400-2016 OI Bielenberg, Douglas/0000-0002-4853-2984; NR 67 TC 108 Z9 115 U1 5 U2 38 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUL PY 2008 VL 4 IS 3 BP 495 EP 507 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0126-9 PG 13 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 303AL UT WOS:000256011500011 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Barritt, BH AF Zhu, Yanmin Barritt, Bruce H. TI Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1 genotyping of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) breeding parents and suitability for marker-assisted selection SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE ethylene; fruit firmness; marker-assisted selection ID GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE; QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS; GENE-EXPRESSION; FLESH FIRMNESS; AIR STORAGE; ACC-OXIDASE; FRUIT; SYNTHASE AB Fruit ethylene production genotypes for Md-ACS1 and Md-ACO1 were determined for 60 apple cultivars and 35 advanced breeding selections. Two alleles for each gene are commonly found in cultivated apple. Earlier studies showed that genotypes homozygous for the ACS1-2 allele produce less ethylene and have firmer fruit than ACS1-1/2 and ACS1-1/1 genotypes. ACO1 plays a minor role compared to ACS1, with homozygous ACO1-1 having lower ethylene production. In this study, ACS1-2 and ACO1-1 homozygotes had firmer fruit at harvest and after 60 days of 0-1C cold storage compared to other genotypes. These genotypes, ACS1-2/2 and ACO1-1/1, were observed for the following 8 of 95 cultivars/selections: "Delblush", "Fuji", "Pacific Beauty", "Sabina" and four breeding selections. Cultivars/selections that were homozygous ACS1-2 but not ACO1-1 were: "Ambrosia", "Aurora Golden Gala", "CrimsonCrisp", "Gala", "GoldRush", "Huaguan", "Pacific Rose, "Pacific Queen", "Pinova", "Sansa", "Sonja", "Sundance", "Zestar", and 17 breeding selections. Cultivars with the heterozygous ACS1-1/2 genotype were "Arlet", "Braeburn", "Cameo", "Delicious", "Delorgue", "Empire", "Enterprise", "Ginger Gold", "Golden Delicious", "Granny Smith", "Honeycrisp", "Orin", "Pink Lady", "Silken", "Suncrisp", "Sundowner", "Sunrise" and 11 breeding selections. No cultivars were detected homozygous for both ACS1-1 and ACO1-1, or for both ACS1-2 and ACO1-2. This study is the first large-scale allelic genotyping of both ethylene synthesis genes for a comprehensive set of apple breeding parents used in an ongoing breeding project. The data reported here are important for informative selection of parent combinations and marker-assisted selection of progeny for breeding low ethylene-producing apple cultivars for better storability and improved consumer acceptance. C1 [Zhu, Yanmin] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Barritt, Bruce H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM yanmin.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUL PY 2008 VL 4 IS 3 BP 555 EP 562 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0131-z PG 8 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 303AL UT WOS:000256011500016 ER PT J AU Voicu, MC Zwiazek, JJ Tyree, MT AF Voicu, Mihaela C. Zwiazek, Janusz J. Tyree, Melvin T. TI Light response of hydraulic conductance in bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) leaves SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2-mercaptoethanol; aquaporins; atrazine; fusicoccin; gas exchange; HgCl2; irradiance; leaf lamina hydraulic conductance; sodium fluoride; stomatal conductance ID OSMOTIC WATER PERMEABILITY; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; TRANSPIRATION STREAM; PLANT AQUAPORINS; SEEDLINGS; RESISTANCE; CELLS; INHIBITION AB A four- to seven-fold enhancement of leaf hydraulic conductance by light has been reported in three temperate tree species. The enhancement occurs in the liquid-flow pathway between the petiole and the site of water evaporation. The enhancement occurs within 1 h, and dissipates in darkness over a period of I to 10 h depending on species. Here we report light-induced enhancement of leaf hydraulic conductance in a fourth species, bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.), the dependence of the effect on, light flux and color, its absence in leaves of seedlings, and the impact on the response of leaf vein severance and several metabolic inhibitors. The light response of leaf hydraulic conductance approached saturation at a photosynthetic photon flux of 150 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). Hydraulic enhancement was greater in response to blue and green light than to visible radiation of longer wavelengths, although at the same irradiance, the response to white light was greater than to light of any single color. Atrazine (a photosystem II inhibitor), fusicoccin (which stimulates plasma membrane-bound H+-ATPase) and HgCl2 (an aquaporin blocker) reduced the light response of leaf lamina hydraulic conductance. When 2-mercaptoethanol was added following mercury treatment, the light response was totally suppressed. Our results are consistent with the notion that the effect of light on leaf lamina hydraulic conductance is controlled by factors acting outside the leaf veins, possibly through light-induced changes in membrane permeability of either mesophyll or bundle sheath cells, or both. C1 [Voicu, Mihaela C.; Zwiazek, Janusz J.; Tyree, Melvin T.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Tyree, Melvin T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Zwiazek, JJ (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, 4-42 Earth Sci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. EM janusz.zwiazek@ualberta.ca NR 52 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 13 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1007 EP 1015 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 325GK UT WOS:000257576800003 PM 18450565 ER PT J AU Nelson, CD Johnsen, KH AF Nelson, C. Dana Johnsen, Kurt H. TI Genomic and physiological approaches to advancing forest tree improvement SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biotechnology; crown architecture; ideotype; marker assisted selection; net photosynthesis; pest resistance; physiological genetics; tree breeding ID PINE PINUS-TAEDA; CINNAMYL ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; WOOD PROPERTY TRAITS; FUSIFORM RUST DISEASE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; GENE-EXPRESSION; GAS-EXCHANGE; BLACK SPRUCE; SLASH PINE AB The recent completion of a draft sequence of the poplar (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray ex Brayshaw) genome has advanced forest tree genetics to an unprecedented level. A "parts list" for a forest tree has been produced, opening up new opportunities for dissecting the interworkings of tree growth and development. In the relatively near future we can anticipate additional reference genome sequences, including the much larger Pinus genome. One goal is to use this information to define the genomic attributes that affect the phenotypic performances of trees growing in various environments. A first step is the definition of ideotypes that constitute optimal tree and stand-level performance. Following this, the genome can be systematically searched for genetic elements and their allelic variants that affect the specified traits. Knowledge of these alleles and their effects will facilitate the development of efficient tree improvement programs through genome-guided breeding and genetic engineering and further our mechanistic understanding of trait variation. Improved mechanistic understanding of tree growth and development is needed to develop process models that will allow us to anticipate and manage change in forest ecosystems. Here we consider the development of an ideotype for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and discuss genomic approaches for studying the component traits that will enable advances in process model development and the genetic improvement of this important conifer. C1 [Nelson, C. Dana] US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, So Res Stn, Harrison Expt Forest, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. [Johnsen, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Ecosyst Biol, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Inst Forest Genet, So Res Stn, Harrison Expt Forest, 23332 Mississippi 67, Saucier, MS 39574 USA. EM dananelson@fs.fed.us NR 94 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 12 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1135 EP 1143 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 325GK UT WOS:000257576800016 PM 18450578 ER PT J AU Abzhanov, A Extavour, CG Groover, A Hodges, SA Hoekstra, HE Kramer, EM Monteiro, A AF Abzhanov, Arhat Extavour, Cassandra G. Groover, Andrew Hodges, Scott A. Hoekstra, Hopi E. Kramer, Elena M. Monteiro, Antonia TI Are we there yet? Tracking the development of new model systems SO TRENDS IN GENETICS LA English DT Review ID EVO-DEVO; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PARALLEL EVOLUTION; NATURAL VARIATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PARHYALE-HAWAIENSIS; AMPHIPOD CRUSTACEAN; DARWINS FINCHES; HOX PROTEIN; LEAF FORM AB It is increasingly clear that additional 'model' systems are needed to elucidate the genetic and developmental basis of organismal diversity. Whereas model system development previously required enormous investment, recent advances including the decreasing cost of DNA sequencing and the power of reverse genetics to study gene function are greatly facilitating the process. In this review, we consider two aspects of the development of new genetic model systems: first, the types of questions being advanced using these new models; and second, the essential characteristics and molecular tools for new models, depending on the research focus. We hope that researchers will be inspired to explore this array of emerging models and even consider developing new molecular tools for their own favorite organism. C1 [Abzhanov, Arhat; Extavour, Cassandra G.; Hoekstra, Hopi E.; Kramer, Elena M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolut Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Groover, Andrew] USDA Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hodges, Scott A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Monteiro, Antonia] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Kramer, EM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolut Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ekramer@oeb.haard.edu RI Extavour, Cassandra/I-4567-2012; Hoekstra, Hopi/I-6690-2012; Monteiro, Antonia/J-6452-2013 OI Extavour, Cassandra/0000-0003-2922-5855; Hoekstra, Hopi/0000-0003-1431-1769; Monteiro, Antonia/0000-0001-9696-459X NR 69 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0168-9525 J9 TRENDS GENET JI Trends Genet. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 24 IS 7 BP 353 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.tig.2008.04.002 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 331JL UT WOS:000258008400008 PM 18514356 ER PT J AU Kapil, S Yeary, T Johnson, B AF Kapil, Sanjay Yeary, Teresa Johnson, Bill TI Diagnostic investigation of emerging viruses of companion animals SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; CANINE PARVOVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; DOGS; DISEASE; CATS; SURVEILLANCE; MICROARRAY; INFECTION; STRAIN AB In this article, the authors are specifically concerned with the timely and accurate detection of emerging diseases of small animals that are viral in origin. Veterinarians are bound to encounter emerging viruses in their practice. The problem is unavoidable, because viruses are highly mutagenic. Even the immune response dictates the nature of virus that evolves in a host. If the clinical signs and diagnostic methods fail to correlate, the veterinarian should work with the diagnostic laboratory to solve the diagnostic puzzle. C1 [Kapil, Sanjay; Johnson, Bill] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Yeary, Teresa] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, Vet Serv, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kapil, S (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Oklahoma Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Farm & Ridge Rd, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. EM sanjay.kapil@okstate.edu NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0195-5616 J9 VET CLIN N AM-SMALL JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Small Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 755 EP + DI 10.1016/i.cvsm.2008.02.009 PG 21 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 317BR UT WOS:000256994700002 PM 18501276 ER PT J AU Varanasi, V Slotta, T Horvath, D AF Varanasi, Vijaya Slotta, Tracey Horvath, David TI Cloning and characterization of a critical meristem developmental gene (EeSTM) from leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SHOOTMERISTEMLESS; meristem development; promoter analysis; phylogenetics ID SHOOT APICAL MERISTEM; UNDERGROUND ADVENTITIOUS BUDS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DORMANCY STATUS; DNA; ASYMMETRIC-LEAVES1; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; IDENTITY; DATABASE AB SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) encodes a member of the class I KNOX homeodomain protein family that is required for meristem development and maintenance. We have isolated both genomic and cDNA clones of STM from the perennial weed leafy spurge. A comparison to other class I KNOX genes indicates that EeSTM represents an orthologue of AtSTM and not one of the other class I KNOX gene family members. 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) indicated that the transcription initiation site is close to the start of translation and is conserved between arabidopsis and leafy spurge. Putative cis-acting elements were identified in the EeSTM promoter, including a tuber-specific sucrose-responsive element, which could play a major role in the expression of EeSTM in root tissue. C1 [Horvath, David] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Slotta, Tracey; Horvath, David] State Univ Stn, ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Horvath, D (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM horvathd@fargo.ars.usda.gov OI Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 490 EP 495 DI 10.1614/WS-07-192.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600002 ER PT J AU Davis, AS AF Davis, Adam S. TI Weed seed pools concurrent with corn and soybean harvest an Illinois SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE seed rain; community structure; risk analysis; seed bank replenishment ID HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; GIANT FOXTAIL; MANAGEMENT; PREDATION; POPULATIONS; VELVETLEAF; WATERHEMP; EMERGENCE; EVOLUTION; FECUNDITY AB At the time of grain harvest, weed seeds can be classed into one of four pools on the basis of dispersal status and location: (1) undispersed, remaining on the mother plant; (2) dispersed in the current year, on the soil surface; (3) dispersed in the current year and collected by harvest machinery; and (4) dispersed in a previous year and persisting within the soil seed bank. Knowledge of the relative sizes of these seed pools for different weed species under different crop environments will be useful for determining the best way to reduce the size of inputs to the soil seed bank. In fall 2004 and fall 2005, four randomly selected commercially managed corn and soybean fields in east-central Illinois were sampled to quantify weed seed pools at time of crop harvest. Thirty randomly located 0.125-m(2) quadrats were placed within each field, the four seed pools mentioned above were sampled for each quadrat, and the species composition and abundance of each seed pool was determined. The magnitude of the weed seed rain varied among species and between years and crops. Twenty-six weed species were found to contribute to at least one of the four seed pools. However, the weed seed pools were consistently dominated by six species: velvetleaf, Amaranthus complex (redroot pigweed and waterhemp), ivyleaf morningglory, giant foxtail, prickly sida, and common cocklebur. For each of these species, the ratio of undispersed seeds to seeds in the soil seed bank at harvest time was >= 1 in at least one crop during one of the two experimental years, indicating a potential for the soil seed bank to be completely replenished or augmented by that year's seed rain. This analysis demonstrates the urgent need for techniques to limit weed seed inputs to the soil seed bank at the end of the growing season. C1 ARS, USDA, Invas Weed Management Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Davis, AS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Weed Management Unit, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM adam.davis@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 503 EP 508 DI 10.1614/WS-07-195.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600004 ER PT J AU Foley, ME Chao, WS AF Foley, Michael E. Chao, Wun S. TI Growth regulators and chemicals stimulate germination of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) seeds SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dormancy; dormancy-breaking; germination; gibberellic acid; hormones; weed ID ABSCISIC-ACID SYNTHESIS; DORMANCY RELEASE; AVENA-FATUA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PHYSIOLOGICAL-BASIS; RED RICE; GIBBERELLIN; MAINTENANCE; MODEL; TEMPERATURE AB Baseline information on inducing germination of dormant leafy spurge seeds with growth regulators and chemicals is lacking. This study was conducted to survey the effect of various substances on germination of leafy spurge seeds. The nontreated control seeds in this population were nearly fully imbibed in 3 h and displayed approximately 35% germination in 21 d under the normal alternating temperature of 20/30 C (16/8 h). Gibberellic acid (GA(3), 10 MM) induced 65% germination at constant temperatures of 20 and 30 C. The alternating temperature increased the effectiveness of 10 mM GA(3) with 94% germination, a twofold increase over the control. Nontreated seeds did not germinate at the constant temperatures, suggesting that alternating temperature acts via a GA-independent pathway. Kinetin at 0.1 to 1 mM was no more effective than the control, but a saturated solution of kinetin induced 73% germination. Ethephon at 0.01 to 1 mM induced 58 to 66% germination, although there was little response to different concentrations. Ethylene gas at 1 ppm stimulated germination to 77%, a 1.8-fold increase over the control. Germination of seeds incubated continuously in 1 and 10 mM nitrate displayed 35 and 40% germination, respectively. Seeds pulsed for 24 h with 100 mM nitrate displayed 58% germination after 21 d. Potassium phosphate-cirrate buffer (pH 3.4) and its individual components induced 60 to 70% germination. Fluridone (10 and 100 mu M), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.1 to 10 mM), and ethanol (0.2 to 15%) had no effect on germination, but subsequent elongation in the presence of NAA was inhibited because of swelling of the radicle. This research reveals that GA(3) is the most effective growth regulator for germination of dormant leafy spurge seeds, and its effect is independent of temperature. C1 [Foley, Michael E.; Chao, Wun S.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Foley, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM michael.foley@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 516 EP 522 DI 10.1614/WS-07-179.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600006 ER PT J AU Schutte, BJ Regnier, EE Harrison, SK Schmoll, JT Spokas, K Forcella, F AF Schutte, Brian J. Regnier, Emilie E. Harrison, S. Kent Schmoll, Jerron T. Spokas, Kurt Forcella, Frank TI A hydrothermal seedling emergence model for giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE weed ecology; weed management decision tool; soil moisture; soil temperature ID PREDICTING WEED EMERGENCE; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; CHENOPODIUM-ALBUM; AVENA-FATUA; GERMINATION; DORMANCY; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; ADAPTATION; SEEDS AB Late-season giant ragweed emergence in Ohio crop fields complicates decisions concerning the optimum time to implement control measures. Our objectives were to develop a hydrothermal time emergence model for a late-emerging biotype and validate the model in a variety of locations and burial environments. To develop the model, giant ragweed seedlings were counted and removed weekly each growing season from 2000 to 2003 in a fallow field located in west central Ohio. Weather data, soil characteristics and geographic location were used to predict soil thermal and moisture conditions with the Soil Temperature and Moisture Model (STM2). Hydrothermal time (theta(HT)) initiated March 1 and base values were extrapolated from the literature (T-b = 2 C, psi(b) = -10 MPa). Cumulative percent emergence initially increased rapidly and reached 60% of maximum by late April (approximately 400 theta(HT)), leveled off for a period in May, and increased again at a lower rate before concluding in late July (approximately 2,300 theta(HT)). The period in May when few seedlings emerged was not subject to soil temperatures or water potentials less than the theta(HT) base values. The biphasic pattern of emergence was modeled with two successive Weibull models that were validated in 2005 in a tilled and a notillage environment and in 2006 at a separate location in a no-tillage environment. Root-mean-square values for comparing actual and model predicted cumulative emergence values ranged from 8.0 to 9.5%, indicating a high degree of accuracy. This experiment demonstrated an approach to emergence modeling that can be used to forecast emergence on a local basis according to weed biotype and easily obtainable soil and weather data. C1 [Spokas, Kurt; Forcella, Frank] ARS, USDA, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Schutte, Brian J.; Regnier, Emilie E.; Harrison, S. Kent; Schmoll, Jerron T.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Schutte, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Weed Management Unit, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM brian.schutte@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 39 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 29 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1614/WS-07-161.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600012 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Grey, TL AF Webster, Theodore M. Grey, Timothy L. TI Growth and reproduction of Benghel dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) in response to drought stress SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE amphicarpic species; chasmogamous flowers; cleistogamous flowers; tropical spiderwort; weed seed production ID UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGY; FLOWER; WEEDS AB Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate growth and reproduction of Benghal dayflower in response to daily (nondrought stress) and weekly (drought stress) irrigation. With daily irrigation, Benghal dayflower plants added one leaf per plant each week during the initial 6 wk of growth and then increased leaf number eightfold between the intervals of 6 and 10 wk after planting (WAP) and 10 and 15 WAP. By 15 WAP each plant had in excess of 400 leaves. Benghal dayflower plant height increased 2.4 cm wk(-1) between 5 and 14 WAP, increasing eightfold during this interval, while plant width increased 20-fold. Aerial spathe formation began between 7 and 8 WAP, with 26 spathes maturing (containing seeds ready for dispersal) each week beginning at 11 WAP. In another study, the influence of duration of drought stress at intervals between 7 and 56 d on early growth and development of cotton and Benghal dayflower was evaluated. Benghal dayflower aboveground biomass was 3.5 times greater than cotton. There was an inverse linear relationship between aboveground biomass and duration of drought stress for cotton and Benghal dayflower, though there was a more rapid decline for Benghal dayflower. A final study evaluated Benghal dayflower response to weekly moisture regimes that approximated 13, 25, 50, and 100% of soil field capacity. Benghal dayflower aerial spathes were 4.6 times more numerous than subterranean spathes. Rate of seed production decreased in a linear manner with decreasing water volume, however, rate of subterranean seed production was less affected by water volume than was aerial seed production. These data indicate that Benghal dayflower thrives under high soil moisture regimes, but that drought stress inhibits growth and reproduction. Cotton appears to be more drought tolerant than Benghal dayflower. Judicious water use in cotton cropping systems in the southeastern United States could be an important component of multiple-tactic Benghal dayflower management program. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Crop & Soils Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Grey, Timothy L.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Crop & Soils Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.1614/WS-07-186.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600013 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, K Steenwerth, KL Veilleux, L AF Baumgartner, Kendra Steenwerth, Kerri L. Veilleux, Lissa TI Cover-crop systems affect weed communities in a California vineyard SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grapevine; integrated weed management; perennial cropping system; sustainable vineyard floor management; tillage ID REDUNDANCY ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; TILLAGE; SOIL; YIELD; CULTIVATION; DIVERSITY; ROTATION; SEEDBANK; ECOLOGY AB Vineyard weed communities were examined under four dormant-season cover-crop systems representative of those used in the north-coastal grape-growing region of California: no-till annuals (ANoT) (rose clover, soft brome, zorro fescue), no-till perennials (PNoT) (blue wildrye, California brome, meadow barley, red fescue, yarrow), tilled annual (AT) (triticale), and a no-cover-crop tilled control (NoCT). Treatments were carried out for 3 yr in the interrows of a wine grape vineyard. Glyphosate was used to control weeds directly beneath the vines, in the intrarows. Treatments significantly impacted weed biomass, community structure, and species diversity in the interrows. Orthogonal contrasts showed that tillage, and not the presence of a cover crop, impacted interrow weed biomass. Distance-based redundancy analyses (db-RDA) revealed significant effects of the cover-crop systems and of tillage on weed community structure in the interrows. For scarlet pimpernel and spiny sowthistle, the combination of ANOVA and orthogonal contrasts confirmed their association with the tilled treatments, as revealed by db-RDA. This same approach identified the association between California burclover and the no-till treatments. Our findings of no significant effects of the cover-crop systems on weed biomass, community structure, or diversity in the intrarows demonstrate that the impacts the cover-crop management systems had on the interrows did not carry over to adjacent intrarows. In addition, the fact that the cover crops did not affect vine yield, growth, or nutrition relative to the no-cover-crop control suggests that cover crops are likely to minimize soil erosion from winter rains, which is the primary purpose of vineyard cover cropping in northern California, without adversely affecting vine health or weed control. C1 [Baumgartner, Kendra; Steenwerth, Kerri L.; Veilleux, Lissa] Univ Calif Davis, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Baumgartner, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, ARS, USDA, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu NR 43 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 51 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 596 EP 605 DI 10.1614/WS-07-181.1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600018 ER PT J AU Jasieniuk, M Taper, ML Wagner, NC Stougaard, RN Brelsford, M Maxwell, BD AF Jasieniuk, Marie Taper, Mark L. Wagner, Nicole C. Stougaard, Robert N. Brelsford, Monica Maxwell, Bruce D. TI Selection of a barley yield model using information-theoretic criteria SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crop-weed competition; bioeconomic models; model selection; information criteria; AIC; AIC(c); BIC; ICOMP; wild oat; barley; yield; yield loss; relative time of emergence ID CROP YIELD; INTERFERENCE RELATIONSHIPS; WEED DENSITY; WHEAT YIELD; REGRESSION; COMPLEXITY; PREDICTION; EQUATIONS; AVENA; TIME AB Empirical models of crop-weed competition are integral components of bioeconomic models, which depend on predictions of the impact of weeds on crop yields to make cost-effective weed management recommendations. Selection of the best empirical model for a specific crop-weed system is not straightforward, however. We used information-theoretic criteria to identify the model that best describes barley yield based on data from barley-wild oat competition experiments conducted at three locations in Montana over 2 yr. Each experiment consisted of a complete addition series arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Barley was planted at 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 times the locally recommended seeding rate. Wild oat was planted at target infestation densities of 0, 10, 40, 160, and 400 plants m(-2). Twenty-five candidate yield models were used to describe the data from each location and year using maximum likelihood estimation. Based on Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), a second-order small-sample version of AIC (AIC(c)), and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), most data sets supported yield models with crop density (D-c), weed density (D-w), and the relative time of emergence of the two species (T) as variables, indicating that all variables affected barley yield in most locations. AIC AIC(c), and BIC selected identical best models for all but one data set. In contrast, the Information Complexity criterion, ICOMP, generally selected simpler best models with fewer parameters. For data pooled over years and locations, AIC, AIC(c), and BIC strongly supported a single best model with variables D-c, D-w, T, and a functional form specifying both intraspecific and interspecific competition. ICOMP selected a simpler model with D-c and D-w only, and a functional form specifying interspecific, but no intraspecific, competition. The information-theoretic approach offers a rigorous, objective method for choosing crop yield and yield loss equations for bioeconomic models. C1 [Jasieniuk, Marie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Taper, Mark L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Wagner, Nicole C.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Stougaard, Robert N.] Montana State Univ, Northwestern Agr Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Brelsford, Monica; Maxwell, Bruce D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Jasieniuk, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Mail Stop 4, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mjasien@ucdavis.edu NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 628 EP 636 DI 10.1614/WS-07-177.1 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 323NK UT WOS:000257452600022 ER PT J AU Dalley, CD Richard, EP AF Dalley, Caleb D. Richard, Edward P., Jr. TI Control of rhizome johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in sugarcane with trifloxysulfuron and asulam SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE herbicide; perennial weed control; synergism; weed interference ID COTTON GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; WEED-CONTROL; SACCHARUM SP; FOLIC-ACID; BIOSYNTHESIS; GLYPHOSATE; MECHANISM; PLANTS; CGA-362622 AB It has been suggested that trifloxysulfuron might increase the efficacy of asulam for control of johnsongrass. Container and field studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of POST applications of trifloxysulfuron and asulam for johnsongrass control in sugarcane. Asulam was applied at 460 and 920 g ai/ha to container-grown johnsongrass plants, with and without 8 g ai/ha of trifloxysulfuron. Combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron generally reduced johnsongrass height, rhizome length, and biomass more than when either was applied alone. Results suggested that combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron were synergistic in their control of johnsongrass biomass 8 wk after treatment. In a sugarcane field heavily infested with rhizome johnsongrass, asulam was applied at 1,800, 2,800, and 3,700 g/ha with and without trifloxysulfuron at 16 g/ha. Asulam plus trifloxysulfuron generally controlled johnsongrass more effectively than either herbicide alone. The control of johnsongrass with asulam at 1,800 g/ha resulted in an increase in sugar yield of more than twice that in the nontreated control. Sugar yield increased further when asulam was applied at 2,800 g/ha or combined with trifloxysulfuron, but application of trifloxysulfuron alone did not increase yield. Combinations of asulam and trifloxysulfuron might slow the spread of rhizome johnsongrass enough to allow an increased number of racoon crops before sugarcane fields need to be replanted. C1 [Dalley, Caleb D.; Richard, Edward P., Jr.] USDA ARS SRRC, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Richard, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, Sugarcane Res Lab, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM caleb.dalley@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 397 EP 401 DI 10.1614/WT-07-135.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 350DB UT WOS:000259331700002 ER PT J AU Price, AJ Koger, CH Wilcut, JW Miller, D van Santen, E AF Price, Andrew J. Koger, Clifford H. Wilcut, John W. Miller, Donnie van Santen, Edzard TI Efficacy of residual and non-residual herbicides used in cotton production systems when applied with glyphosate, glufosinate, or MSMA SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LAYBY herbicide application; weed control ID MORNINGGLORY IPOMOEA-LACUNOSA; WEED MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; RESISTANT COTTON; GLYCINE-MAX; PYRITHIOBAC; TRANSLOCATION; COMBINATIONS; FLUOMETURON; ENVIRONMENT AB Field experiments were conducted to evaluate weed control provided by glyphosate, glufosinate, and MSMA applied alone or in mixture with residual and nonresidual last application (LAYBY) herbicides. Herbicide treatments included glyphosate earl), postemergence (EPOST) alone or followed by glyphosate, glufosinate, or MSMA late-postemergence (LPOST) alone or tank-mixed with one of the following LAYBY herbicides: carfentrazone-ethyl at 0.3 kg ai/ha, diuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha, flumioxazin at 0.07 kg ai/ha, fluometuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha, lactofen at 0.84 kg ai/ha, linuron at 0.56 kg ai/ha, oxyfluorfen at 1.12 kg ai/ha, prometryn at 1.12 kg ai/ha, or prometryn + trifloxysulfuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha + 10 g ai/ha. Residual herbicides were also applied alone LPOST. Weeds evaluated included barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, coffee senna, entireleaf morningglory, hemp sesbania, ivyleaf morningglory, johnsongrass, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, redroot pigweed, sicklepod, smooth pigweed, spiny amaranth, and velvetleaf. Treatments containing MSMA provided lower average weed control compared to those containing glyphosate or glufosinate, and residual herbicides applied alone provided inadequate weed control compared to mixtures containing a nonresidual herbicide. Across 315 of 567 comparisons (55%), when a LAYBY herbicide was added, weed control increased. The most difficult to control weed species at all locations was pitted morningglory. Barnyardgrass and hemp sesbania at the Mississippi location and hemp sesbania at the Louisiana location were collectively difficult to control across all treatments as well. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Louisiana State Univ, NE Res Stn, St Josephs, LA 71366 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Price, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM andrew.price@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1614/WT-07-083.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 350DB UT WOS:000259331700013 ER PT J AU Wehtje, G Altland, JE Gilliam, CH AF Wehtje, Glenn Altland, James E. Gilliam, Charles H. TI Interaction of glyphosate and diquat in ready-to-use weed control products SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE linear regression; nonlinear regression; synergism and antagonism ID HERBICIDE COMBINATIONS; ACID AB Glyphosate-based, ready-to-use weed control products frequently contain diquat (typically, 0.04 by weight relative to glyphosate) under the supposition that the diquat, "makes glyphosate work faster." However, in light of the known modes of actions of glyphosate and diquat, we hypothesize that diquat may be antagonistic to glyphosate activity. Greenhouse experiments using longstalked phyllanthus were conducted to test this hypothesis. Glyphosate was applied at a series of rates, ranging from 0.11 to 1.12 kg ae/ha, either alone or tank-mixed with either 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 diquat. Onser of visual injury was more pronounced with the glyphosate + diquat tank mixtures compared with glyphosate alone. However, long-term control, as expressed by regrowth suppression, seas greater with glyphosate alone. Regression analysis indicated that, at marginally effective glyphosate rates, the amount of glyphosate must be increased by approximately 60% to compensate for the diquat-based antagonism. Absorption and translocation studies using C-14-glyphosate revealed that the antagonists of diquat toward glyphosate can be attributed to reduced translocation of absorbed glyphosate. C1 [Wehtje, Glenn] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Altland, James E.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Wehtje, G (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Agron, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM wehtjgr@auburn.edu NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 472 EP 476 DI 10.1614/WT-07-181.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 350DB UT WOS:000259331700015 ER PT J AU Lenssen, AW AF Lenssen, Andrew W. TI Planting date and preplant weed management influence yield, water use, and weed seed production in herbicide-free forage barley SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE integrated weed management; integrated crop management; zero tillage; weed density; water-use efficiency ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; FIELD CROPS; STRATEGIES; DYNAMICS; TILLAGE; OAT; ROTATIONS; PEA AB In the semiarid northern Great Plains, the adoption of zero tillage improves soil water conservation, allowing for increased crop intensification and diversification. Zero-tillage crop production relies heavily on herbicides for weed management, particularly the herbicide glyphosate, increasing selection pressure for herbicide-resistant weeds. Barley is well adapted to the northern Great Plains, and may be a suitable herbicide-free forage crop in zero-tillage systems. A 2-yr field study was conducted to determine if planting date influenced crop and weed biomass, water use (WU), and water-use efficiency (WUE) of barley and weed seed production in three preplant weed management systems: (1) conventional preplant tillage with a field cultivator (TILL); (2) zero tillage with preemergence glyphosate application (ZTPRE); and (3) zero tillage without preemergence glyphosate (ZT). None of the systems included an in-crop herbicide. Planting dates were mid-April (early), late May (mid), and mid-June (delayed). Early planting of ZT barley resulted in excellent forage yields (7,228 kg/ ha), similar to those from TILL and ZTPRE. Early planting resulted in a small accumulation of weed biomass, averaging 76 kg/ha, and no weed seed production regardless of preplant weed management system. Early planting resulted in higher WU than delayed planting, averaging 289 and 221 mm, respectively, across management systems and years. The WUE of crop and total biomass did not differ among preplant weed management systems at harvest from the early planting date. Delayed planting resulted in decreased forage yield with high amounts of weed biomass and seed production, especially in ZT. A pre-emergence glyphosate application was not necessary for early-planted ZT forage barley. Early planting of herbicide-free barley for forage can be an excellent addition to northern Great Plains cropping systems as part of a multitactic approach for improved weed and water management. C1 USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Lenssen, AW (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM andy.lenssen@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 486 EP 492 DI 10.1614/WT-08-009.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 350DB UT WOS:000259331700018 ER PT J AU Hanson, BD Schneider, SA AF Hanson, Bradley D. Schneider, Sally A. TI Evaluation of weed control and crop safety with herbicides in open field tree nurseries SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bare root tree; herbicide screening; methyl bromide alternatives; selectivity; tolerance; tree nursery ID METHYL-BROMIDE; ALTERNATIVES; TOLERANCE; PREPLANT AB Open field production of fruit and nut-tree nursery stock depends upon preplant soil fumigation, extensive tillage, and hand-labor throughout the growing season for adequate weed control. Because methyl bromide, the favored fumigant, is being phased out because of environmental concerns and the costs of both file] and labor continue to rise, herbicides are likely to become a more important weed management tool in the tree nursery industry. Two trials were conducted to evaluate weed control and crop safety with several herbicides applied following fumigation with methyl bromide or 1,3-dichloropropene in central California stone-fruit nurseries. PRE and POST-directed applications of several labeled and unlabeled materials were applied in a hand over seeded peach rootstock or applied after emergence with a drop-nozzle spray boom. Crop productivity and weed control were monitored throughout the 1-yr growing season. PRE oryzalin and dithiopyr treatments provided the best weed control with very little crop injury. PRE applications of flumioxazin, rimsulfuron, and sulfentrazone did not have adequate crop safety at the rates and timings tested. However, POST-directed applications of flumioxazin and rimsulfuron were much safer to the peach and almond crops and should be evaluated in future trials. Additional herbicides and application techniques are needed to find acceptable, safe control measures for weeds, such as California burclover, common mallow, and redstem filaree, which often are poorly controlled with preplant fumigation in tree nurseries. C1 USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93658 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Program Staff, GWCC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hanson, BD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93658 USA. EM brad.hanson@ars.usda.gov FU Fruit Tree, Nut Tree, and Grapevine Improvement Advisory Board FX The authors wish to thank Dave Wilson Nursery and Sierra Gold Nurseries for their donation of field space, planting stock, and crop management in these trials, and the Fruit Tree, Nut Tree, and Grapevine Improvement Advisory Board for funding. TriCal Inc. and Dow AgroSciences are gratefully acknowledged for donations of fumigants and fumigation services. This article is a U.S. government work and is in the public domain in the United States of America. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1614/WT-08-021.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 350DB UT WOS:000259331700019 ER PT J AU Wing, MG Eklund, A Sessions, J Karsky, R AF Wing, Michael G. Eklund, Aaron Sessions, John Karsky, Richard TI Horizontal measurement performance of five mapping-grade global positioning system receiver configurations in several forested settings SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Editors Meeting at the Society-of-American-Foresters National Convention CY 2007 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Amer Foresters DE GPS; GIS; geospatial; measurements ID ACCURACY; CANOPY; FIELD AB We examined the horizontal measurement performance of five mapping-grade GPS receiver configurations operating simultaneously at three measurement test sites established in open sky, young forest, and closed canopy conditions. Two of the GPS receivers had external antennas, and two receivers were configured to collect data with real-time differential corrections through the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). The GPS receivers collected data using 1-, 30-, and 60-point recording intervals to test the influence of the number of point recordings on position determination. We also postprocessed all data to examine the influence of differential corrections. We found statistically significant differences in measurement accuracy between GPS receiver configurations that had an external antenna and receivers that did not. The top performer for unprocessed data collected measurements with real-time differential corrections and had average measurement errors of 0.4, 0.8, and 2.2 m, in open sky, young forest, and closed canopy conditions, respectively. The top performer for postprocessed data had average measurement errors of 0.2, 0.1, and 1.2 m, in open sky, young forest, and closed canopy conditions, respectively. The influence of number of points on measurement accuracy was observed between the 1- and 30-point intervals, with no statistically significant differences between the 30- and 60-point intervals. No statistically significant,difference resulted in WAAS measurements that were postprocessed. The measurement accuracies we report are acceptable for many natural resource measurement applications. These findings encourage the use of external antennas when using GPS receivers under forest canopy. In addition, point recording intervals of 30 appear to be efficient for accurate measurements with mapping-grade GPS receivers. C1 [Wing, Michael G.; Eklund, Aaron; Sessions, John] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Karsky, Richard] US Forest Serv, Missoula Technol & Dev Ctr, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Wing, MG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn, Peavy Hall 204, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM michael.wing@oregonstate.edu; john.sessions@oregonstate.edu NR 13 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 23 IS 3 BP 166 EP 171 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 323RQ UT WOS:000257466500006 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA Russell, JH DeGraan, JP Perry, KR AF Kimball, Bruce A. Russell, John H. DeGraan, Jeffrey P. Perry, Kelly R. TI Screening hydrolyzed casein as a deer repellent for reforestation applications SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Editors Meeting at the Society-of-American-Foresters National Convention CY 2007 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Amer Foresters DE deer browse; conifer; herbivory; regeneration; wildlife damage management ID EFFICACY; DAMAGE AB Three independent experiments were conducted to evaluate hydrolyzed casein deer repellent to minimize browse damage in reforestation efforts. In the first experiment, western redcedar seedlings were treated with 12% hydrolyzed casein and a latex sticker or one of two commercial deer repellents in the nursery prior to a 45-day cold storage period. Treated and control (sticker only) seedlings were then offered to captive deer, and browse activity was monitored for 20 days. Whereas all control frees were severely browsed by day 4, the three repellents offered browse protection (17 to 33% survivability at day 20). The second experiment was a field evaluation of 12% hydrolyzed casein, a commercial repellent, and a control. Western redcedar seedlings in nine reforested units were treated and monitored periodically for browse damage by free-ranging deer. After 17 weeks, browse damage to the repel lent-treated seedlings (93 and 89% survivability) was significantly lower than the control trees (85%). In the final experiment, three different products were used to affix hydrolyzed casein powder to western redcedar seedlings prior to a 45-day cold storage period. Treated seedlings were offered to captive deer, and browse activity was monitored for 28 days. Hydrolyzed casein-treated seedlings sustained significantly less browse damage (more than 70% survivability at 28 days) versus the controls (all trees browsed by day 28). Nursery treatment with hydrolyzed casein may provide significant protection for conifer seedlings in reforestation operations. C1 [Kimball, Bruce A.] Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kimball, Bruce A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Russell, John H.] British Columbia Minist Forests, Res Branch, Forest Genet Sect, Mesachie Lake, BC V0R 2N0, Canada. [DeGraan, Jeffrey P.] Washington State Dept Nat Resources, Land Management Div, Olympia, WA 98506 USA. [Perry, Kelly R.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), Monell Chem Senses Ctr, 3500 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM bruce.a.kimball@aphis.usda.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 23 IS 3 BP 172 EP 176 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 323RQ UT WOS:000257466500007 ER PT J AU Thygesen, LG Elder, T AF Thygesen, Lisbeth G. Elder, Thomas TI Moisture in untreated, acetylated, and furfurylated norway spruce studied during drying using time domain NMR SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE time domain NMR; spin-spin relaxation; wood; moisture; water; acetylation; furfurylation ID PROTON MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; WHITE SPRUCE; WOOD; WATER; RELAXATION; SOFTWOOD; SORPTION; H-1-NMR; MODEL AB Using time domain NMR, the moisture in Norway spruce (Picea abies (G.) Karst.) sapwood subjected to four different treatments (never-dried, dried and remoistened, acetylated, and furfurylated) was studied during drying at 40 C, at sample average moisture contents above fiber saturation. Spin-spin relaxation time distributions were derived from CPMG relaxation curves using muldexponential fitting (CONTIN), and the resulting water populations were assigned according to the literature and their behavior during drying. It was found that both acetylation and furfurylation increased the average spin-spin relaxation time of the lumen water in earlywood tracheids from about 80-100 ms to 200 and 300 ms, respectively. The average spin-spin relaxation time of the cell wall water was reduced from about 1.4 to 0.65 ms by furfurylation, while acetylation had less effect on this water. The relaxation times of both the earlywood lumen water and of the cell wall water were slightly longer for the never-dried samples than for the dried and remoistened samples. C1 [Elder, Thomas] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Thygesen, Lisbeth G.] Univ Copenhagen, Danish Ctr Forest Landscape & Planning, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. RP Elder, T (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM telder@fs.fed.us OI Thygesen, Lisbeth Garbrecht/0000-0001-9685-7460 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 19 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 309 EP 320 PG 12 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 334SO UT WOS:000258241700001 ER PT J AU Green, DW Evans, JW AF Green, David W. Evans, James W. TI The immediate effect of temperature on the modulus of elasticity of green and dry lumber SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dry; green; MOE; moisture content; temperature change; lumber ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; PRODUCTS AB This study evaluated the immediate (reversible) effect of temperature on flexural modulus of elasticity (MOE) of green and dry nominal 2x4 (standard 38 by 89 mm) structural lumber from 66 to -26 degrees C. For lumber at 4 and 12% moisture content (MC), a linear relationship was used to relate the increase in MOE to decreases in temperature. For green lumber, MOE also increased with decreasing temperature. A segmented linear regression was developed to describe the change in MOE of green lumber for 66 to -18 degrees C. The slope of this relationship was steeper below 0 degrees C than above. The actual MC of green lumber was not a factor above -18 degrees C. Below this temperature, the increase in MOE with decreasing temperature was a function of both actual green MC and temperature. We discuss factors that cause this behavior in green wood at low temperatures and the use of an empirical model for describing the MOE-temperature relationship as a function of MC for frozen green lumber. C1 [Green, David W.; Evans, James W.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Green, DW (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM levangreen@hughes.net NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 374 EP 383 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 334SO UT WOS:000258241700007 ER PT J AU Buehlmann, U Zuo, XQ Thomas, RE AF Buehlmann, Urs Zuo, Xiaoqiu Thomas, R. Edward TI Performance evaluation of the least-cost lumber grade-mix solver SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rough mill; least-cost lumber grade-mix; performance evaluation; response surface AB The least-cost lumber grade-mix problem is of high economic interest to industry. Finding the minimum grade or grade-mix for a given cutting bill can save a company large sums without incurring additional costs. To academia, the least-cost lumber grade-mix problem is of significance due to its complexity and the difficulty to obtain near optimal or optimal results. An earlier study used a new statistical approach to solving the least-cost lumber grade-mix problem. A five-factor mixture design was used to create a lumber grade-mix response surface, on which the minimum cost point is determined. However, this model's merit has never been assessed so far. This study compares the performance of the new statistical model with solutions derived from the widely used OPTIGRAMI 2.0 least-cost lumber grade-mix program. Results revealed that the statistical optimization approach provides better overall solutions for both raw material and total production cost scenarios. For 9 of 10 cutting bills tested, the statistical model found lower-cost solutions compared with those provided by OPTIGRAMI 2.0. The maximum savings found was $70/m(3) of raw material (cost savings of 9%) and $105/m(3) when processing costs were included (cost savings of 10%). Thus, the new model has the potential to help wood products manufacturers decrease their material and processing costs. This model has been incorporated into ROMI, the USDA Forest Service's rough-mill Simulation tool. C1 [Buehlmann, Urs] Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zuo, Xiaoqiu] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Wood & Paper Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Thomas, R. Edward] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Sci Lab, NE Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Buehlmann, U (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM buehlmann@gmail.com NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 427 EP 435 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 334SO UT WOS:000258241700012 ER PT J AU Meilke, K Rude, J Zahniser, S AF Meilke, Karl Rude, James Zahniser, Steven TI Is 'NAFTA Plus' an option in the North American agrifood sector? SO WORLD ECONOMY LA English DT Article C1 [Meilke, Karl] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Rude, James] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. [Zahniser, Steven] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Meilke, K (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0378-5920 J9 WORLD ECON JI World Econ. PD JUL PY 2008 VL 31 IS 7 BP 925 EP 946 DI 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2008.001109.x PG 22 WC Business, Finance; Economics; International Relations SC Business & Economics; International Relations GA 324DY UT WOS:000257499100005 ER PT J AU Desai, AR Richardson, AD Moffat, AM Kattge, J Hollinger, DY Barr, A Falge, E Noormets, A Papale, D Reichstein, M Stauch, VJ AF Desai, Ankur R. Richardson, Andrew D. Moffat, Antje M. Kattge, Jens Hollinger, David Y. Barr, Alan Falge, Eva Noormets, Asko Papale, Dario Reichstein, Markus Stauch, Vanessa J. TI Cross-site evaluation of eddy covariance GPP and RE decomposition techniques SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE eddy correlation; carbon balance; net ecosystem exchange; GPP; RE ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; CO2 FLUX; SOIL RESPIRATION; FOREST; UNCERTAINTY; MODELS; TERM; GROWTH; USA AB Eddy covariance flux towers measure net exchange of land-atmosphere flux. For the flux of carbon dioxide, this net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is governed by two processes, gross primary production (GPP) and a sum of autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration components known as ecosystem respiration (RE). A number of statistical flux-partitioning methods, often developed to fill missing NEE data, can also be used to estimate GPP and RE from NEE time series. Here we present results of the first comprehensive, multi-site comparison of these partitioning methods. An initial test was performed with a subset of methods in retrieving GPP and RE from NEE generated by an ecosystem model, which was also degraded with realistic noise. All methods produced GPP and RE estimates that were highly correlated with the synthetic data at the daily and annual timescales, but most were biased low, including a parameter inversion of the original model. We then applied 23 different methods to 10 site years of temperate forest flux data, including 10 different artificial gap scenarios (10% removal of observations), in order to investigate the effects of partitioning method choice, data gaps, and intersite variability on estimated GPP and RE. Most methods differed by less than 10% in estimates of both GPP and RE. Gaps added an additional 6-7% variability, but did not result in additional bias. ANOVA showed that most methods were consistent in identifying differences in GPP and RE across sites, leading to increased confidence in previously published multi-site comparisons and syntheses. Several methods produced outliers at some sites, and some methods were systematically biased against the ensemble mean. Larger model spread was found for Mediterranean sites compared to temperate or boreal sites. For both real and synthetic data, high variability was found in modeling of the diurnal RE cycle, suggesting that additional study of diurnal RE mechanisms could help to improve partitioning algorithms. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Desai, Ankur R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Desai, Ankur R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Moffat, Antje M.; Kattge, Jens; Reichstein, Markus] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany. [Hollinger, David Y.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. [Barr, Alan] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Falge, Eva] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Papale, Dario] Univ Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy. [Stauch, Vanessa J.] Fed office Meteorol & Climatol MeteoSwiss, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Desai, AR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM desai@aos.wisc.edu RI Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009; Reichstein, Markus/A-7494-2011; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Cook, Bruce/M-4828-2013; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Barr, Alan/H-9939-2014; Vuichard, Nicolas/A-6629-2011; Kattge, Jens/J-8283-2016; OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; Reichstein, Markus/0000-0001-5736-1112; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Cook, Bruce/0000-0002-8528-000X; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Kattge, Jens/0000-0002-1022-8469; Moffat, Antje/0000-0003-1307-2065; Papale, Dario/0000-0001-5170-8648 NR 34 TC 131 Z9 134 U1 6 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 148 IS 6-7 BP 821 EP 838 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.11.012 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 317FU UT WOS:000257006200001 ER PT J AU Bucci, SJ Scholz, FG Goldstein, G Hoffmann, WA Meinzer, FC Franco, AC Giambelluca, T Miralles-Wilhelm, F AF Bucci, Sandra J. Scholz, Fabian G. Goldstein, Guillermo Hoffmann, William A. Meinzer, Frederick C. Franco, Augusto C. Giambelluca, Thomas Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando TI Controls on stand transpiration and soil water utilization along a tree density gradient in a Neotropical savanna SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE canopy resistance; Cerrado; leaf area index; sap flow; soil water potential ID FOREST CANOPY TREES; XYLEM SAP FLOW; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; BRAZILIAN CERRADO; TROPICAL FOREST; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DISSIPATION PROBES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; LEAF; FLUX AB Environmental controls of stand-level tree transpiration (E) and seasonal patterns of soil water utilization were studied in five central Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) sites differing in tree density. Tree density of Cerrado vegetation in the study area consistently changes along topographic gradients from similar to 1000 trees ha(-1) in open savannas (campo sujo) at the lower end of the topographic gradient to >3000 trees ha(-1) in woodlands (cerradao) at the upper end of the gradient. Tree canopy resistance (r(C)) increased linearly with increasing daily mean air saturation deficit (D) at all sites, but cerradao and cerrado denso sites with higher tree density and higher tree leaf area index (LAI) had lower r(C) values at all values of D compared to physiognomies with lower tree density, suggesting that r(C) was less sensitive to changes in D in physiognomies with high tree density and LAI. During the peak of the dry season, mean soil water potential at 0.20 in depth was most negative in the sites with the lowest tree basal area and increased linearly with basal area across sites. In contrast, soil water storage in the 0.10-2.50 in layer decreased exponentially with increasing basal area, consistent with trees in higher density sites utilizing a larger proportion of available soil water at depth during the dry season. Maximum tree transpiration was highest in the cerradao and cerrado denso (similar to 0.81 mm day(-1)). Despite higher evaporative demand during the dry season, E was similar between the dry and wet seasons within each study site, which was associated with lower LAI and canopy conductance (g(C)) during the dry season compared to the wet season. Leaf area index was a good predictor of E and g(C). For both dry and wet season data combined, E increased asymptotically with increasing LAI across all physiognomic types, allowing LAI to be used as a predictor of spatial variation of E. The lack of seasonality in E across the Cerrado physiognomies studied could not be explained by individual constraining variables such as D or soil water potential near the surface, but was consistent with the influence of multiple regulatory effects of D and soil water potential on seasonal changes in leaf area and g(C). (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bucci, Sandra J.; Scholz, Fabian G.] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, CONICET, Fac Ciencias Nat, RA-9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina. [Bucci, Sandra J.; Scholz, Fabian G.] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Lab Ecol Func, Fac Ciencias Nat, RA-9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc,FCEyN, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Hoffmann, William A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, Raleigh, NC 28695 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Franco, Augusto C.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Bot, BR-70904970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Giambelluca, Thomas] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando] Florida Int Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Miami, FL 33174 USA. RP Bucci, SJ (reprint author), Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, CONICET, Fac Ciencias Nat, RA-9000 Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina. EM sj_bucci@unpata.edu.ar RI Franco, Augusto/B-1615-2008; Hoffmann, William/E-8894-2010; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; OI Franco, Augusto/0000-0003-0869-5989; Hoffmann, William/0000-0002-1926-823X; Bucci, Sandra Janet/0000-0003-1079-9277; Giambelluca, Thomas/0000-0002-6798-3780 NR 55 TC 38 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 148 IS 6-7 BP 839 EP 849 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2007.11.013 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 317FU UT WOS:000257006200002 ER PT J AU Wolf, A Saliendra, N Akshalov, K Johnson, DA Laca, E AF Wolf, Adam Saliendra, Nick Akshalov, Kanat Johnson, Douglas A. Laca, Emilio TI Effects of different eddy covariance correction schemes on a energy balance closure and comparisons with the modified Bowen ratio system SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE eddy covariance; modified Bowen ratio; flux correction ID FREQUENCY-RESPONSE CORRECTIONS; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-VAPOR; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SURFACE FLUXES; DRY DEPOSITION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; LONG-TERM; EXCHANGE AB Eddy covariance (EC) and modified Bowen ratio (MBR) systems have been shown to yield subtly different estimates of sensible heat (H), latent heat (LE), and CO2 fluxes (Fc). Our study analyzed the discrepancies between these two systems by first considering the role of the data processing algorithm used to estimate fluxes using EC and later examining the effects of atmospheric stability on discrepancies between EC and MBR. We found that EC correction algorithms disproportionately increase the magnitude of LE and Fc, and consequently have a strong effect on the Bowen ratio measured by EC. Two corrections not universally employed were each found to account for up to 20% of LE and Fc: the correction for signal asynchrony by adjusting the lag between the IRGA and the sonic anemometer, and the frequency domain correction for path-length averaging in both instruments. Comparison of fluxes between two EC systems 10 m apart showed that LE and Fc are inherently more variable than H, highlighting the role of field heterogeneity in determining canopy gas exchange at very small spatial scales. When all relevant corrections were applied, there was no bias for H and LE between EC and MBR. An examination of discrepancies between EC and MBR showed that the discrepancies were highest during neutral periods when shear drove vertical mixing much more than buoyancy. During these neutral periods, the correlation between T, H2O, and CO2 was much lower on average, which violates the similarity assumption exploited in the MBR technique. The largest discrepancies in Fc in both systems were clearly visible when plotted against a light-response curve, which creates the possibility of using a screening technique to exclude data that depart markedly from other recently collected data. The EC system tended to have the largest departures from the expected value at low light and during the night, while the MBR system tended to show occasionally spikes of high photosynthetic uptake. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wolf, Adam] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Saliendra, Nick] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Akshalov, Kanat] Baraev Kazakh Res Inst Grain Farming, Akmolinskaya Oblast 474010, Shortandy, Kazakhstan. [Johnson, Douglas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forest & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Laca, Emilio] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wolf, A (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, 260 Panama St, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM adamwolf@stanford.edu NR 34 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 148 IS 6-7 BP 942 EP 952 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.01.005 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 317FU UT WOS:000257006200010 ER PT J AU Fleisher, DH Timlin, DJ Reddy, VR AF Fleisher, David H. Timlin, Dennis J. Reddy, V. R. TI Elevated carbon dioxide and water stress effects on potato canopy gas exchange, water use, and productivity SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE potato; carbon dioxide; climate change; drought; SPAR chambers; photosynthesis ID CONTROLLED-ENVIRONMENT CHAMBERS; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; PLANT CO2 EXCHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE; SEASONAL CARBON; USE EFFICIENCY; LEAF-AREA; GROWTH; YIELD; ENRICHMENT AB Despite the agronomic importance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), the interaction of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and drought has not been well studied. Two soil-plant-atmosphere research (SPAR) chamber experiments were conducted concurrently at ambient (370 mu mol mol(-1)) and elevated (740 mu mol mol(-1)) [CO2]. Daily irrigation for each chamber was applied according to a fixed percentage of the water uptake measured for a control chamber for each [CO2] treatment. We monitored diurnal and seasonal canopy photosynthetic (A(G)) and transpiration rates and organ dry weights at harvest. Plants grown under elevated [CO2] had consistently larger photosynthetic rates through most of the growth season, with the maximum AG at 1600 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1) 14% higher at the well-watered treatments. Water stress influenced ambient [CO2] plants to a larger extent, and reduced maximum canopy A(G), growth season duration, and seasonal net carbon assimilation up to 50% of the control in both [CO2] treatments. Water use efficiency increased with water stress, particularly at elevated [CO2], ranging from 4.9 to 9.3 g dry mass L-1. Larger photosynthetic rates for elevated [CO2] resulted in higher seasonal dry mass and radiation use efficiency (RUE) as compared with ambient [CO2] at the same irrigation level. This extra assimilate was partitioned to underground organs, resulting in higher harvest indices. Our findings indicate that increases in potato growth and productivity with elevated [CO2] are consistent over most levels of water stress. This work can support various climate change scenarios that evaluate different management practices with potato. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fleisher, David H.; Timlin, Dennis J.; Reddy, V. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, PSI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fleisher, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, PSI, Bldg 1,Rm 342,Barc West,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.fleisher@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 148 IS 6-7 BP 1109 EP 1122 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.02.007 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 317FU UT WOS:000257006200024 ER PT J AU Chen, HYH Fu, S Monserud, RA Gillies, IC AF Chen, Han Y. H. Fu, Songling Monserud, Robert A. Gillies, Ian C. TI Relative size and stand age determine Pinus banksiana mortality SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE relative competitiveness; stand composition; logistic model; boreal forest; jack pine ID INDIVIDUAL TREE MORTALITY; MIXED-SPECIES STANDS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BOREAL FOREST; WHITE SPRUCE; JACK-PINE; LEAF-AREA; MODEL; SURVIVAL AB Tree mortality is a poorly understood process in the boreal forest. While large disturbances reset succession by killing all or most trees, background tree mortality was hypothesized to be affected by competition, ageing, and stand composition. We tested these hypotheses on jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) mortality using data from long-term repeatedly measured permanent sample plots collected between 1952 and 1989 in Ontario, Canada. The probability of mortality over a 5-year period was modeled using logistic regression with the maximum likelihood estimation employed for parameter estimation, Relative competitiveness measured as the ratio of individual tree diameter at breast height (DBH) to mean stand DBH explained more variation in mortality than stand age did. Mortality increased rapidly with decreasing DBH ratio. A U-shaped mortality pattern with stand age was found while stand composition had no effect on mortality. Developed by using a residual sequential regression approach, our final mixed-effects model with a 81% model correctness of mortality prediction conclusively demonstrated that relative competitiveness is the key determinant for jack pine mortality. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Han Y. H.; Fu, Songling; Gillies, Ian C.] Lakehead Univ, Fac Forestry & Forest Environm, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. [Monserud, Robert A.] USDA, US Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Chen, HYH (reprint author), Lakehead Univ, Fac Forestry & Forest Environm, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. EM han.chen@lakeheadu.ca; sfu@lakeheadu.ca; rmonserud@fs.fed.us; icgillie@lakeehadu.ca RI Chen, Han/A-1359-2008 OI Chen, Han/0000-0001-9477-5541 NR 43 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 12 BP 3980 EP 3984 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.040 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 320SY UT WOS:000257256500008 ER PT J AU Kannan, N Santhi, C Williams, JR Arnold, JG AF Kannan, N. Santhi, C. Williams, J. R. Arnold, J. G. TI Development of a continuous soil moisture accounting procedure for curve number methodology and its behaviour with different evapotranspiration methods SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE curve number; soil moisture; SWAT; HUMUS; evapotranspiration; ET; Hargreaves; Penman-Monteith ID UNITED-STATES; MODEL; PRECIPITATION AB The curve number (CN) method is widely used for rainfall-runoff modelling in continuous hydrologic simulation models. A sound continuous soil moisture accounting procedure is necessary for models using the CN method. For shallow soils and soils with low storage, the existing methods have limitations in their ability to reproduce the observed runoff. Therefore, a simple one-parameter model based on the Soil Conservation Society CN procedure is developed for use in continuous hydrologic simulation. The sensitivity of the model parameter to runoff predictions was also analysed. In addition, the behaviour of the procedure developed and the existing continuous soil moisture accounting procedure used in hydrologic models, in combination with Penman-Monteith and Hargreaves evapotranspiration (ET) methods was also analysed. The new CN methodology, its behaviour and the sensitivity of the depletion coefficient (model parameter) were tested in four United States Geological Survey defined eight-digit watersheds in different water resources regions of the USA using the SWAT model. In addition to easy parameterization for calibration, the one-parameter model developed performed adequately in predicting runoff. When tested for shallow soils, the parameter is found to be very sensitive to surface runoff and subsurface flow and less sensitive to ET. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Kannan, N.; Santhi, C.; Williams, J. R.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Kannan, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM kannan@brc.tamus.edu NR 24 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 22 IS 13 BP 2114 EP 2121 DI 10.1002/hyp.6811 PG 8 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 318KK UT WOS:000257090200006 ER PT J AU Petrini, O Samuels, GJ Horak, E AF Petrini, Orlando Samuels, Gary J. Horak, Egon TI Emil Muller, 1920-2008 - Obituary SO SYDOWIA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Petrini, Orlando] Cantonal Inst Microbiol, Bellinzona, Switzerland. [Samuels, Gary J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Petrini, O (reprint author), Cantonal Inst Microbiol, Bellinzona, Switzerland. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VERLAG FERDINAND BERGER SOHNE GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI HORN PA WIENER STRASSE 21-23, 3580 HORN, AUSTRIA SN 0082-0598 J9 SYDOWIA JI Sydowia PD JUN 30 PY 2008 VL 60 IS 1 BP 161 EP 163 PG 3 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 329ZM UT WOS:000257909100012 ER PT J AU Navajas, M Migeon, A Alaux, C Martin-Magniette, ML Robinson, GE Evans, JD Cros-Arteil, S Crauser, D Le Conte, Y AF Navajas, M. Migeon, A. Alaux, C. Martin-Magniette, M. L. Robinson, G. E. Evans, J. D. Cros-Arteil, S. Crauser, D. Le Conte, Y. TI Differential gene expression of the honey bee Apis mellifera associated with Varroa destructor infection SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; STATISTICAL TESTS; BEHAVIOR; JACOBSONI; PROTEIN; RESISTANCE; MUTATIONS; MITE; PARASITE; IMMUNITY AB Background: The parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is the most serious pest of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and has caused the death of millions of colonies worldwide. This mite reproduces in brood cells and parasitizes immature and adult bees. We investigated whether Varroa infestation induces changes in Apis mellifera gene expression, and whether there are genotypic differences that affect gene expression relevant to the bee's tolerance, as first steps toward unravelling mechanisms of host response and differences in susceptibility to Varroa parasitism. Results: We explored the transcriptional response to mite parasitism in two genetic stocks of A. mellifera which differ in susceptibility to Varroa, comparing parasitized and non-parasitized full-sister pupae from both stocks. Bee expression profiles were analyzed using microarrays derived from honey bee ESTs whose annotation has recently been enhanced by results from the honey bee genome sequence. We measured differences in gene expression in two colonies of Varroa-susceptible and two colonies of Varroa-tolerant bees. We identified a set of 148 genes with significantly different patterns of expression: 32 varied with the presence of Varroa, 116 varied with bee genotype, and 2 with both. Varroa parasitism caused changes in the expression of genes related to embryonic development, cell metabolism and immunity. Bees tolerant to Varroa were mainly characterized by differences in the expression of genes regulating neuronal development, neuronal sensitivity and olfaction. Differences in olfaction and sensitivity to stimuli are two parameters that could, at least in part, account for bee tolerance to Varroa; differences in olfaction may be related to increased grooming and hygienic behavior, important behaviors known to be involved in Varroa tolerance. Conclusion: These results suggest that differences in behavior, rather than in the immune system, underlie Varroa tolerance in honey bees, and give an indication of the specific physiological changes found in parasitized bees. They provide a first step toward better understanding molecular pathways involved in this important host-parasite relationship. C1 [Navajas, M.; Migeon, A.; Cros-Arteil, S.] INRA, UMR CBGP INRA IRD Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Alaux, C.; Robinson, G. E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Martin-Magniette, M. L.] INRA, UMR AgroParisTech INRA MIA 518, F-75231 Paris, France. [Martin-Magniette, M. L.] CNRS 8114, UMR INRA 1165, INRA, UEVE Unite Rech Genom Vegetale, F-91057 Evry, France. [Evans, J. D.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Crauser, D.; Le Conte, Y.] INRA, UMR Ecol Invertebres 406, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. RP Navajas, M (reprint author), INRA, UMR CBGP INRA IRD Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, Campus Int Baillarguet,CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. EM navajas@supagro.inra.fr; migeon@supagro.inra.fr; calaux@life.uiuc.edu; mlmartin@inapg.fr; generobi@life.uiuc.edu; Jay.Evans@ARS.USDA.GOV; cros@supagro.inra.fr; crauser@avignon.inra.fr; leconte@avignon.inra.fr RI Le Conte, Yves/C-1096-2009; Marion-Poll, Frederic/D-8882-2011; Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; Le Conte, Yves/B-3246-2016; Alaux, Cedric/B-4667-2013 OI Marion-Poll, Frederic/0000-0001-6824-0180; Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; NR 71 TC 83 Z9 88 U1 4 U2 62 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 301 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-9-301 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 327PX UT WOS:000257742100001 PM 18578863 ER PT J AU Arikan, OA Rice, C Codling, E AF Arikan, Osman A. Rice, Clifford Codling, Eaton TI Occurrence of antibiotics and hormones in a major agricultural watershed SO DESALINATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th IWA International Specialized Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Sustainable Basin Management CY SEP 18-22, 2006 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP Int Water Assoc, Diffuse Pollut Specialist Grp, Istanbul Tech Univ, Fac Civil Engn DE antibiotic; hormone; arsenic; watershed; agriculture ID PLANTS; MANURE; FATE AB Antibiotics and hormones are considered emerging environmental microcontaminants because of their potential adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. Available information on the source of these emerging contaminants in surface waters is very limited. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of antibiotics and hormones in an agricultural watershed and to determine the seasonal variability of these contaminants. Water samples were collected from 15 subwatershed stations and 7 stations on the major receiving river, Choptank, Maryland, USA, over four different seasons (April, June, September and December). Antibiotics (sulfathiazole, sulfamerazine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethazine, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline) and hormones (estriol, estradiol, 17 alpha-ethynytestradiol, estrone, testosterone and progesterone) as well as arsenic which is used as feed additive were determined in these water samples. In addition, the same antibiotics were analyzed in one set of sediment samples. This study indicated that agriculture may act as a source of antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment. C1 [Arikan, Osman A.; Rice, Clifford; Codling, Eaton] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Arikan, Osman A.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Environm Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Arikan, OA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arikan@itu.edu.tr RI ARIKAN, OSMAN/F-1193-2015 NR 15 TC 41 Z9 61 U1 5 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-9164 J9 DESALINATION JI Desalination PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 226 IS 1-3 BP 121 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.238 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 325QV UT WOS:000257604300015 ER PT J AU Seiber, JN Kleinschmidt, LA AF Seiber, James N. Kleinschmidt, Loreen A. TI Healthy foods research: A publication strategy to maximize impact SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE health; food; chemistry; information dissemination; technology transfer ID SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES; AIR-DRIED MARIONBERRY; ASCORBIC-ACID CONTENT; STRAWBERRY AB Intense current interest in healthy foods, combined with new technologies in communication, have prompted changes in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (JAFC) to allow it to remain a primary means for disseminating new research information about the chemistry of foods and agriculture. JAFC has added categories covering bioactive substances that may contribute to health benefits of foods, molecular nutrition, and safety and toxicology in order to highlight these topics along with its traditional coverage of food chemistry, analytical methods, and composition of foods. JAFC has also increased the speed of manuscript processing and its international presence. The changes at the Journal enable scientists in publicly funded laboratories, universities, and other research organizations to increase their emphasis on information dissemination and technology transfer. Scientists working in the broad area of foods and health now have various paths for relaying research results promptly to the many constituencies in this topical area, but JAFC retains its status as a primary peer-reviewed vehicle for dissemination. C1 [Seiber, James N.; Kleinschmidt, Loreen A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Journal Agr & Food Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Seiber, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jafc@ucdavis.edu NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 12 BP 4283 EP 4285 DI 10.1021/jf800251s PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 315PZ UT WOS:000256893200001 PM 18494489 ER PT J AU Chen, CYO Blumberg, JB AF Chen, C. -Y. Oliver Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI In vitro activity of almond skin polyphenols for scavenging free radicals and inducing quinone reductase SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE almond skins; polyphenols; antioxidant; quinone reductase ID ANTICARCINOGENIC ENZYME INDUCERS; TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; HUMAN LDL RESISTANCE; VITAMIN-C; ENHANCE HAMSTER; UNITED-STATES; FLAVONOIDS; OXIDATION; PHYTOCHEMICALS; QUERCETIN AB Observational studies and clinical trials suggest nut intake, including almonds, is associated with an enhancement in antioxidant defense and a reduction in the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Almond skins are rich in polyphenols (ASP) that may contribute to these putative benefits. To assess their potential mechanisms of action, we tested the in vitro effect of ASP extracted with methanol (M) or a gastrointestinal juice mimic (GI) alone or in combination with vitamins C (VC) or E (VE) (1-10 mu mol/L) on scavenging free radicals and inducing quinone reductase (QR). Flavonoid profiles from ASP-M and -GI extracts were different from one another. ASP-GI was more potent in scavenging HOCI and ONOO- radicals than ASP-M. In contrast, ASP-M increased and ASP-GI decreased QR activity in Hepa1c1c7 cells. Adding VC or VE to ASP produced a combination- and dose-dependent action on radical scavenging and QR induction. In comparison to their independent actions, ASP-M plus VC were less potent in scavenging DPPH, HOCI, ONOO-, and O-2(-center dot). However, the interaction between ASP-GI plus VC promoted their radical scavenging activity. Combining ASP-M plus VC resulted in a synergistic interaction, inducing QR activity, but ASP-GI plus VC had an antagonistic effect. On the basis of their total phenolic content, the measures of total antioxidant activity of ASP-M and -GI were comparable. Thus, in vitro, ASP act as antioxidants and induce OR activity, but these actions are dependent upon their dose, method of extraction, and interaction with antioxidant vitamins. C1 [Chen, C. -Y. Oliver; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM oliver.chen@tufts.edu NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 12 BP 4427 EP 4434 DI 10.1021/jf800061z PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 315PZ UT WOS:000256893200021 PM 18512942 ER PT J AU Roberts, JS Teichert, A McHugh, TH AF Roberts, John S. Teichert, Arnaud McHugh, Tara H. TI Vitamin D(2) formation from post-harvest UV-B treatment of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) and retention during storage SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ultraviolet; Agaricus bisporus; mushrooms; vitamin D; intensity; dosage; degradation ID EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION; CONVERSION; ERGOSTEROL; D-2 AB The objectives of this research were to study the effects of high intensity (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mW/cm(2)), dose (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 J/cm(2)), and postharvest time (1 and 4 days) on the vitamin D(2) formation in Portabella mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) as a result of UV-B exposure, as well as the vitamin D(2) degradation in treated mushrooms during storage. Within each intensity application, dose had the largest effect where more exposure converted more vitamin D(2) from ergosterol. Similar dose across each intensity application resulted in similar vitamin D(2) concentration. Practical commercial production requires as short a treatment time as possible, and intensity was a major factor from this standpoint where the time it took to achieve a similar vitamin D(2) concentration for similar dose exposure was significantly reduced as intensity increased. By using an intensity of 1.0 mW/cm(2) at a dose of 0.5 J/cm(2), the concentration of vitamin D(2) produced was 3.83 mu g/g dry solids of mushrooms in 8 min, whereas using an intensity of 0.5 mW/cm(2) at a dose of 0.5 J/cm(2), the concentration of vitamin D(2) produced was 3.75 mu g/g dry solids of mushrooms in 18 min. Also, postharvest time did not have a significant effect on vitamin D(2) formation in mushrooms that were treated 1 and 4 days after harvest. Vitamin D(2) degraded in treated mushrooms during storage by apparent first-order kinetics, where the degradation rate constant was 0.025 h(-1). The information provided in this study will help mushroom producers develop commercial-scale UV treatment processes to add value to their crop while improving consumer health. C1 [Roberts, John S.; McHugh, Tara H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Teichert, Arnaud] Univ Calif San Francisco, Vet Adm Med Ctr, NCIRE, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Roberts, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jsrob25@hotmail.com NR 12 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 12 BP 4541 EP 4544 DI 10.1021/jf0732511 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 315PZ UT WOS:000256893200037 PM 18522400 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Banuelos, H Anderson, RC Carstens, GE Tedeschi, LO Pinchak, WE Cabrera-Diaz, E Krueger, NA Callaway, TR Nisbet, DJ AF Gutierrez-Banuelos, Hector Anderson, Robin C. Carstens, Gordon E. Tedeschi, Luis O. Pinchak, William E. Cabrera-Diaz, Elisa Krueger, Nathan A. Callaway, Todd R. Nisbet, David J. TI Effects of nitroethane and monensin on ruminal fluid fermentation characteristics and nitrocompound-metabolizing bacterial populations SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE methane; nitroethane; monensin; nitrometabolizing bacteria ID IN-VITRO; METHANE PRODUCTION; SELECT NITROCOMPOUNDS; RUMEN FERMENTATION; ORAL NITROETHANE; NITRO-COMPOUNDS; BOVINE RUMEN; METHANOGENESIS; FORMATE; ACID AB Nitroethane is a potent inhibitor of ruminal CH4 production, a digestive inefficiency resulting in the loss of 2-15% of a ruminant's gross energy intake and an important emission source of this greenhouse gas. To assess the effect of nitroethane on methanogenesis and characterize ruminal adaptation observed with low treatment doses to this inhibitor, ruminal microbes were cultured in vitro with supplements of water (controls), 4.5 and 9 mM nitroethane, and 0.09 mM monensin, with or without 9 mM nitroethane. All treatments decreased CH4 production > 78% compared to controls; however, differential effects of treatments were observed on CO2, butyrate isobutyrate, and valerate production. Treatments did not affect H-2 accumulation or acetate and propionate production. Most probable numbers of nitrometabolizing bacteria were increased with 4.5 and 9 mM nitroethane compared to numbers recovered from controls or monensin-containing treatments, which may explain ruminal adaptation to lower nitroethane treatments. C1 [Anderson, Robin C.; Krueger, Nathan A.; Callaway, Todd R.; Nisbet, David J.] Agr Res Serv, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Gutierrez-Banuelos, Hector; Carstens, Gordon E.; Tedeschi, Luis O.; Cabrera-Diaz, Elisa] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Pinchak, William E.] Texas AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. RP Anderson, RC (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM anderson@ffsru.tamu.edu RI Tedeschi, Luis/C-4395-2016 OI Tedeschi, Luis/0000-0003-1883-4911 NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 12 BP 4650 EP 4658 DI 10.1021/jf800756c PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 315PZ UT WOS:000256893200051 PM 18491914 ER PT J AU Ichoku, C Martins, JV Kaufman, YJ Wooster, MJ Freeborn, PH Hao, WM Baker, S Ryan, CA Nordgren, BL AF Ichoku, Charles Martins, J. Vanderlei Kaufman, Yoram J. Wooster, Martin J. Freeborn, Patrick H. Hao, Wei Min Baker, Stephen Ryan, Cecily A. Nordgren, Bryce L. TI Laboratory investigation of fire radiative energy and smoke aerosol emissions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PARTICLES; SATELLITE; MODIS; CALIFORNIA; CARBON; GASES AB Fuel biomass samples from southern Africa and the United States were burned in a laboratory combustion chamber while measuring the biomass consumption rate, the fire radiative energy (FRE) release rate (R-fre), and the smoke concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and particulate matter (PM). The PM mass emission rate (R-PM) was quantified from aerosol optical thickness (AOT) derived from smoke extinction measurements using a custom-made laser transmissometer. The R-PM and Rfre time series for each fire were integrated to total PM mass and FRE, respectively, the ratio of which represents its FRE-based PM emission coefficient (C-e(PM)). A strong correlation (r(2) = 0.82) was found between the total FRE and total PM mass, from which an average C-e(PM) value of 0.03 kg MJ(-1) was calculated. This value agrees with those derived similarly from satellite-borne measurements of R-fre and AOT acquired over large-scale wildfires. C1 [Ichoku, Charles] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hao, Wei Min; Baker, Stephen; Ryan, Cecily A.; Nordgren, Bryce L.] US Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Wooster, Martin J.; Freeborn, Patrick H.] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England. RP Ichoku, C (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Branch, Code 913,Bldg 33, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM ichoku@climate.gsfc.nasa.gov RI Ichoku, Charles/E-1857-2012 OI Ichoku, Charles/0000-0003-3244-4549 NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 21 PY 2008 VL 113 IS D14 AR D14S09 DI 10.1029/2007JD009659 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 317YL UT WOS:000257056200001 ER PT J AU Gill, EE Becnel, JJ Fast, NM AF Gill, Erin E. Becnel, James J. Fast, Naomi M. TI ESTs from the microsporidian Edhazardia aedis SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID PARASITE ENCEPHALITOZOON-CUNICULI; AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; GENE-EXPRESSION; GENOME SEQUENCE; HIGH-FREQUENCY; CULICIDAE; CULICOSPORIDAE; TRANSCRIPTION; COMPACTION; DATABASE AB Background: Microsporidia are a group of parasites related to fungi that infect a wide variety of animals and have gained recognition from the medical community in the past 20 years due to their ability to infect immuno-compromised humans. Microsporidian genomes range in size from 2.3 to 19.5 Mbp, but almost all of our knowledge comes from species that have small genomes ( primarily from the human parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi and the locust parasite Antonospora locustae). We have conducted an EST survey of the mosquito parasite Edhazardia aedis, which has an estimated genome size several times that of more well-studied species. The only other microsporidian EST project is from A. locustae, and serves as a basis for comparison with E. aedis. Results: The spore transcriptomes of A. locustae and E. aedis were compared and the numbers of unique transcripts that belong to each COG ( Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins) category differ by at most 5%. The transcripts themselves have widely varying start sites and encode a number of proteins that have not been found in other microsporidia examined to date. However, E. aedis seems to lack the multi-gene transcripts present in A. locustae and E. cuniculi. We also present the first documented case of transcription of a transposable element in microsporidia. Conclusion: Although E. aedis and A. locustae are distantly related, have very disparate life cycles and contain genomes estimated to be vastly different sizes, their patterns of transcription are similar. The architecture of the ancestral microsporidian genome is unknown, but the presence of genes in E. aedis that have not been found in other microsporidia suggests that extreme genome reduction and compaction is lineage specific and not typical of all microsporidia. C1 [Gill, Erin E.; Fast, Naomi M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Becnel, James J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Fast, NM (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM egill@interchange.ubc.ca; james.becnel@ars.usda.gov; nfast@interchange.ubc.ca NR 28 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 20 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 296 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-9-296 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 327PU UT WOS:000257741800001 PM 18570666 ER PT J AU Lewers, KS Saski, CA Cuthbertson, BJ Henry, DC Staton, ME Main, DS Dhanaraj, AL Rowland, LJ Tomkins, JP AF Lewers, Kim S. Saski, Chris A. Cuthbertson, Brandon J. Henry, David C. Staton, Meg E. Main, Dorrie S. Dhanaraj, Anik L. Rowland, Lisa J. Tomkins, Jeff P. TI A blackberry (Rubus L.) expressed sequence tag library for the development of simple sequence repeat markers SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; SSR MARKERS; RASPBERRY; MODEL; CONSTRUCTION; PREDICTION; STRAWBERRY; RESOURCE; DATABASE; ERECT AB Background: The recent development of novel repeat-fruiting types of blackberry (Rubus L.) cultivars, combined with a long history of morphological marker-assisted selection for thornlessness by blackberry breeders, has given rise to increased interest in using molecular markers to facilitate blackberry breeding. Yet no genetic maps, molecular markers, or even sequences exist specifically for cultivated blackberry. The purpose of this study is to begin development of these tools by generating and annotating the first blackberry expressed sequence tag (EST) library, designing primers from the ESTs to amplify regions containing simple sequence repeats (SSR), and testing the usefulness of a subset of the EST-SSRs with two blackberry cultivars. Results: A cDNA library of 18,432 clones was generated from expanding leaf tissue of the cultivar Merton Thornless, a progenitor of many thornless commercial cultivars. Among the most abundantly expressed of the 3,000 genes annotated were those involved with energy, cell structure, and defense. From individual sequences containing SSRs, 673 primer pairs were designed. Of a randomly chosen set of 33 primer pairs tested with two blackberry cultivars, 10 detected an average of 1.9 polymorphic PCR products. Conclusion: This rate predicts that this library may yield as many as 940 SSR primer pairs detecting 1,786 polymorphisms. This may be sufficient to generate a genetic map that can be used to associate molecular markers with phenotypic traits, making possible molecular marker-assisted breeding to compliment existing morphological marker-assisted breeding in blackberry. C1 [Lewers, Kim S.; Dhanaraj, Anik L.; Rowland, Lisa J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Saski, Chris A.; Cuthbertson, Brandon J.; Henry, David C.; Staton, Meg E.; Main, Dorrie S.; Tomkins, Jeff P.] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Cuthbertson, Brandon J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Peptide Hormone Act Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Main, Dorrie S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ctr Integrated Biotechnol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dhanaraj, Anik L.] Monsanto Res Ctr, Bangalore 560092, Karnataka, India. RP Lewers, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Bldg 010A,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kim.lewers@ars.usda.gov; saski@clemson.edu; brandoncuthbertson@gmail.com; henry5@clemson.edu; mestato@clemson.edu; dorrie@wsu.edu; aldhana@monsanto.com; jeannie.rowland@ars.usda.gov; jeff@genome.clemson.edu NR 33 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD JUN 20 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 69 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-8-69 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 336PK UT WOS:000258376900002 PM 18570660 ER PT J AU Al-Qurashi, A McIntyre, N Wheater, H Unkrich, C AF Al-Qurashi, Aisha McIntyre, Neil Wheater, Howard Unkrich, Carl TI Application of the Kineros2 rainfall-runoff model to an arid catchment in Oman SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Wadi; arid; rainfall-runoff; model; Oman ID TRANSMISSION LOSSES; ANASTOMOSING RIVER; FLOW; REGIONS; AUSTRALIA; DYNAMICS; PURPOSES; CHANNEL; AFRICA; SYSTEM AB The difficulty of predicting rainfall-runoff responses in and and semi-arid catchments using typically available data sets is well known, hence the need to carefully evaluate the suitability of alternative modelling approaches for a given problem and data set; and to identify causes of uncertainty in order to prioritise research and data. In this paper, we evaluate the distributed model, Kineros2, in application to an and catchment in Oman, using rainfall-runoff data from 27 storm events. The analysis looks at model. sensitivities, uncertainty and performance, based on uniform random sampling of the model parameter space and predictions of features of the observed hydrograph at the catchment outlet. A series of three experiments used different calibration strategies (an 11-parameter calibration, a 5-parameter calibration, and a 3-parameter calibration allowing some spatial variability of the saturated hydraulic conductivity). The parameters most significantly affecting flow peak and volume performance are those controlling infiltration rates on hillslopes. The model output was also generally sensitive to a parameter within the rainfall interpolation model. Relatively little sensitivity to initial catchment wetness was observed. Prediction performance was generally poor, for all events and for all the tested calibration and prediction strategies; and the uncertainty, estimated using model, ensembles, was very high. A 2-parameter regression model used in previous work was found to perform better for predicting flow peaks. Literature review shows our results are consistent with experience of other modellers of and and semi-arid climate hydrology. In order to realise the potential value of distributed, physically based models, for application to and and semi-arid regions, significant data collection and further research is required, in particular regarding spatial rainfall observation and modelling. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Al-Qurashi, Aisha; McIntyre, Neil; Wheater, Howard] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Unkrich, Carl] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. RP McIntyre, N (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM aisha.al-qurashi@imperial.ac.uk; n.mcintyre@imperial.ac.uk; h.wheater@imperial.ac.uk; cunkrich@tucson.ars.ag.gov RI McIntyre, Neil/F-8060-2013 NR 44 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN 20 PY 2008 VL 355 IS 1-4 BP 91 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.022 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 317FX UT WOS:000257006500007 ER PT J AU Boateng, AA Mullen, CA Goldberg, N Hicks, KB Jung, HJG Lamb, JFS AF Boateng, Akwasi A. Mullen, Charles A. Goldberg, Neil Hicks, Kevin B. Jung, Hans-Joachim G. Lamb, JoAnn F. S. TI Production of bio-oil from alfalfa stems by fluidized-bed fast pyrolysis SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID REED CANARYGRASS; SWITCHGRASS; LEAF; MATURITY; CROPS AB This study focused on the production of bio-oil from alfalfa stein material. Two alfalfa maturity stages, harvested at the early bud and full flower stages of development, were examined to evaluate the impact of variation in cell wall polysaccharide and lignin content on pyrolysis oil yields, production efficiency, and bio-oil and char quality, in terms of their use as combustion fuel and for chemicals. Findings included a lower-than-average yield of bio-oil and a higher-than-average yield of charcoal from alfalfa stems, compared to previous results for other biomass feedstocks. The bio-oil showed a decrease in oxygen content from the alfalfa stems, leading to a higher-than-average energy content in the bio-oil. Bio-oil yields were slightly higher for the more-mature alfalfa, which had higher levels of cell wall cellulose and lignin. Overall, when all the pyrolysis products were considered, energy recovery was better for the more-mature alfalfa stems. C1 [Boateng, Akwasi A.; Mullen, Charles A.; Goldberg, Neil; Hicks, Kevin B.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.; Lamb, JoAnn F. S.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUN 18 PY 2008 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4115 EP 4122 DI 10.1021/ie800096g PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 312GK UT WOS:000256656900012 ER PT J AU Rao, S Kong, WP Wei, CJ Yang, ZY Nason, M Styles, D DeTolla, LJ Sorrell, EM Song, HC Wan, HQ Ramirez-Nieto, GC Perez, D Nabel, GJ AF Rao, Srinivas Kong, Wing-Pui Wei, Chih-Jen Yang, Zhi-Yong Nason, Martha Styles, Darrel DeTolla, Louis J. Sorrell, Erin M. Song, Haichen Wan, Hongquan Ramirez-Nieto, Gloria C. Perez, Daniel Nabel, Gary J. TI Multivalent HA DNA Vaccination Protects against Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Infection in Chickens and Mice SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: Sustained outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in avian species increase the risk of reassortment and adaptation to humans. The ability to contain its spread in chickens would reduce this threat and help maintain the capacity for egg-based vaccine production. While vaccines offer the potential to control avian disease, a major concern of current vaccines is their potency and inability to protect against evolving avian influenza viruses. Methodology/Principal Findings: The ability of DNA vaccines encoding hemagglutinin (HA) proteins from different HPAI H5N1 serotypes was evaluated for its ability to elicit neutralizing antibodies and to protect against homologous and heterologous HPAI H5N1 strain challenge in mice and chickens after DNA immunization by needle and syringe or with a pressure injection device. These vaccines elicited antibodies that neutralized multiple strains of HPAI H5N1 when given in combinations containing up to 10 HAs. The response was dose-dependent, and breadth was determined by the choice of the influenza virus HA in the vaccine. Monovalent and trivalent HA vaccines were tested first in mice and conferred protection against lethal H5N1 A/Vietnam/1203/2004 challenge 68 weeks after vaccination. In chickens, protection was observed against heterologous strains of HPAI H5N1 after vaccination with a trivalent H5 serotype DNA vaccine with doses as low as 5 mg DNA given twice either by intramuscular needle injection or with a needle-free device. Conclusions/Significance: DNA vaccines offer a generic approach to influenza virus immunization applicable to multiple animal species. In addition, the ability to substitute plasmids encoding different strains enables rapid adaptation of the vaccine to newly evolving field isolates. C1 [Rao, Srinivas; Kong, Wing-Pui; Wei, Chih-Jen; Yang, Zhi-Yong; Nason, Martha; Nabel, Gary J.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Styles, Darrel] United States Dept Agr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD USA. [Sorrell, Erin M.; Song, Haichen; Wan, Hongquan; Ramirez-Nieto, Gloria C.; Perez, Daniel] Univ Maryland, Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD USA. [DeTolla, Louis J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Rao, S (reprint author), NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. EM gnabel@nih.gov OI Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689 FU Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 18 PY 2008 VL 3 IS 6 AR e2432 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0002432 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 406FP UT WOS:000263280700017 PM 19293944 ER PT J AU Masek, JG Huang, CQ Wolfe, R Cohen, W Hall, F Kutler, J Nelson, P AF Masek, Jeffrey G. Huang, Chengquan Wolfe, Robert Cohen, Warren Hall, Forrest Kutler, Jonathan Nelson, Peder TI North American forest disturbance mapped from a decadal Landsat record SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; Landsat; change detection; forestry; disturbance ID FIRE FREQUENCY; MODIS DATA; BOREAL FOREST; TASSELLED CAP; UNITED-STATES; COVER DATA; DATA SET; CARBON; IMAGERY; TRANSFORMATION AB Forest disturbance and recovery are critical ecosystem processes, but the spatial pattern of disturbance has never been mapped across North America. The LEDAPS (Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System) project has assembled a wall-to-wall record of stand-clearing disturbance (clearcut harvest, fire) for the United States and Canada for the period 1990-2000 using the Landsat satellite archive. Landsat TM and ETM+ data were first converted to surface reflectance using the MODIS/6S atmospheric correction approach. Disturbance and early recovery were mapped using the temporal change in a Tasseled-Cap "Disturbance Index" calculated from the early (similar to 1990) and later (similar to 2000) images. Validation of the continental mapping has been carried out using a sample of biennial Landsat time series from 23 locations across the United States. Although a significant amount of disturbance (30-60%) cannot be mapped due to the long interval between image acquisition dates, the biennial analyses allow a first-order correction of the decadal mapping. Our results indicate disturbance rates of up to 2-3% per year are common across the US and Canada due primarily to harvest and forest fire. Rates are highest in the southeastern US, the Pacific Northwest, Maine, and Quebec. The mean disturbance rate for the conterminous United States (the "lower 48" states and District of Columbia) is calculated as 0.9 +/-0.2% per year, corresponding to a turnover period of 110 years. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Masek, Jeffrey G.; Wolfe, Robert; Kutler, Jonathan] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cohen, Warren; Nelson, Peder] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hall, Forrest] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Masek, JG (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM jeffrey.G.Masek@nasa.gov RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; Wolfe, Robert/E-1485-2012; OI Wolfe, Robert/0000-0002-0915-1855; Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 NR 45 TC 199 Z9 214 U1 10 U2 83 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUN 16 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 6 BP 2914 EP 2926 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2008.02.010 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 316YR UT WOS:000256986400015 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ Ernst, FF Yates, SR AF Ashworth, Daniel J. Ernst, Fred F. Yates, Scott R. TI Soil chamber method for determination of drip-applied fumigant behavior in bed-furrow agriculture: Application to chloropicrin SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; VOLATILIZATION; ISOTHIOCYANATE; EMISSIONS; COLUMNS; SYSTEM AB To overcome the environmental impacts of soil fumigant use, emission reduction strategies such as tarping can be adopted. There is a need to experimentally quantify the effectiveness of such strategies, preferably in a low-cost manner. We report the design and initial testing of a laboratory soil chamber approach for quantifying the soil distribution and emissions of fumigants from bed-furrow agricultural systems. As far as possible, field conditions (e.g., soil type, bulk density, moisture content, temperature) were maintained in the experiments. In studying the drip application of chloropicrin using this system, very good data reproducibility was observed between replicates, allowing confidence in the experimental design. For control chambers, high emissions, around 60% (of the total added), were observed due to the near-surface (5 cm depth) application. When the soil beds were tarped using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or semi-impermeable film (SIF), emissions were reduced to around 40% due to an accumulation of chloropicrin below the tarp. The approach offers an inexpensive potential alternative to studying fumigant emissions from bed-furrow systems in the field and suggests that less permeable tarps would be required to drastically reduce chloropicrin emissions. C1 [Ashworth, Daniel J.; Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Ernst, Fred F.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Daniel.Ashworth@ars.usda.gov RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 12 BP 4434 EP 4439 DI 10.1021/es800148p PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 312XL UT WOS:000256705600034 PM 18605567 ER PT J AU Miller, TR Heidler, J Chillrud, SN Delaquil, A Ritchie, JC Mihalic, JN Bopp, R Halden, RU AF Miller, Todd R. Heidler, Jochen Chillrud, Steven N. Delaquil, Amelia Ritchie, Jerry C. Mihalic, Jana N. Bopp, Richard Halden, Rolf U. TI Fate of triclosan and evidence for reductive dechlorination of triclocarban in estuarine sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; WIDELY USED BIOCIDE; SURFACE WATERS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUDSON RIVER; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HYDROXYLATED METABOLITES; NONYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AB The biocides triclosan and triclocarban are wastewater contaminants whose occurrence and fate in estuarine sediments remain unexplored. We examined contaminant profiles in (137)Cs/ (7)Be-dated sediment cores taken near wastewater treatment plants in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CB), Maryland and Jamaica Bay (JB), New York. In JB, biocide occurrences tracked the time course of biocide usage and wastewater treatment strategies employed, first appearing in the 1950s (triclocarban) and 1960s (triclosan), and peaking in the late 1960s and 1970s (24 +/- 0.54 and 0.8 +/- 0.4 mg/kg dry weight, respectively). In CB, where the time of sediment accumulation was not as well constrained by (137)Cs depth profiles, triclocarban was only measurable in (137)Cs-bearing sediments, peaking at 3.6 +/- 0.6 mg/kg midway through the core and exceeding 1 mg/kg in recent deposits. In contrast, triclosan concentrations were low or not detectable in the CB core. Analysis of CB sediment by tandem mass spectrometry produced the first evidence for complete sequential dechlorination of triclocarban to the transformation products dichloro-, monochloro-, and unsubstituted carbanilide, which were detected at maxima of 15.5 +/- 1.8, 4.1 +/- 2.4, and 0.5 +/- 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. Concentrations of all carbanilide congeners combined were correlated with heavy metals (R(2) > 0.64, P < 0.01), thereby identifying wastewater as the principal pathway of contamination. Environmental persistence over the past 40 years was observed for triclosan and triclocarban in A and for triclocarban's diphenylurea backbone in CB sediments. C1 [Miller, Todd R.; Heidler, Jochen; Delaquil, Amelia; Mihalic, Jana N.; Halden, Rolf U.] Ctr Water & Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Chillrud, Steven N.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Ritchie, Jerry C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bopp, Richard] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Halden, RU (reprint author), Ctr Water & Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM halden@asu.edu RI Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010 OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [1R01ES015445, ES007384, ES09089, P30 ES009089, P42 ES007384, R01 ES015445, R01 ES015445-02] NR 50 TC 110 Z9 115 U1 8 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 12 BP 4570 EP 4576 DI 10.1021/es702882g PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 312XL UT WOS:000256705600055 PM 18605588 ER PT J AU Loyo-Rosales, JE Rice, CP Torrents, A AF Loyo-Rosales, Jorge E. Rice, Clifford P. Torrents, Alba TI Comment on "Fate of octyl- and nonylphenol ethoxylates and some carboxylated derivatives in three American wastewater treatment plants" - Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEWAGE-TREATMENT; ALKYLPHENOL; SURFACTANTS; ENVIRONMENT; EFFLUENTS; BEHAVIOR C1 [Loyo-Rosales, Jorge E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byproducts Utilizat Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Loyo-Rosales, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 207 Obrien Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 12 BP 4614 EP 4614 DI 10.1021/es800010x PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 312XL UT WOS:000256705600063 ER PT J AU Pourreza, M Shaw, JD Zangeneh, H AF Pourreza, Morteza Shaw, John D. Zangeneh, Hoshang TI Sustainability of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) in Zagros forests, Iran SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE diameter distribution; uneven-aged; stand structure; q-factor; resin production; restoration; Zagros Mountains ID MANAGEMENT AB Wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) is the most economically important tree species in many rural areas in the west of Iran. The produces resin used for a wide variety of traditional uses. Because the resin can be harvested non-destructively, the trees are maintained mortality occurs from natural causes. The result is that natural, managed stands include a variety of age classes. In recent years, a lack of size classes has been observed in the Qalajeh forest, which is located in the Zagros Mountain region of western Iran. We established a series of in an area typical of Qalajeh forest to characterize the diameter distribution of the wild pistachio component. We confirmed a deficit of <30 cm dbh, based in the expectation that the landscape-level diameter distribution should be characterized by a negative exponential curve. trees >= 30 cm dbh, de Liocourt's equation closely fit the diameter distribution (r(2) = 0.93), translating to a q-factor of 1.34. We used this curve estimate the deficit number of stems in diameter classes <30 cm. We estimate that this forest should have 19-24 wild pistachio trees/ha in 5-25 cm classes, as compared to about 5 trees/ha found currently. Based on local conditions, we recommend that at least 30 seedlings/ha should planted to allow 6-8 trees to reach to the 5 cm class. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shaw, John D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. RP Shaw, JD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM jdshaw@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 11 BP 3667 EP 3671 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.01.057 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 317KM UT WOS:000257019100001 ER PT J AU Aldrete, A Mexal, JG Burr, KE AF Aldrete, Amulfo Mexal, J. G. Burr, Karen E. TI Seedling cold hardiness, bud set, and bud break in nine provenances of Pinus greggii Engelm. SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE frost tolerance; nursery production; reforestation; phenology; genotypic variation ID GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; BURST AB Cold hardiness and timing of bud set and bud break are important processes that provide protection of nursery seedlings against low temperatures. Seedlings of 9 provenances of Pinus greggii from two different regions of Mexico were tested to determine cold hardiness, bud set, and bud break timing differences. Needle sections were exposed to freezing temperatures to determine an injury index of each provenance. In addition. bud set and bud break timing were recorded through the fall, winter and spring. There were significant differences in cold hardiness between seedlings from northern and southern provenances. At the maximum cold hardiness, the index of injury (LT50) for northern provenances was LT50 = - 18 degrees C, compared to - 12 degrees C for southern provenances. There was a considerable variation among the provenances in the proportion of seedlings that set terminal buds. Seedlings from northern provenances had greater proportions of seedlings that set a terminal bud than seedlings from southern provenances. There were also significant differences in the bud break timing in the following spring among the 9 provenances. Seedlings from northern provenances broke bud earlier than southern provenances. Cold hardiness, bud set, and bud break timing results may be useful to determine how far a specific seed source can be moved from its natural environment. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mexal, J. G.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Aldrete, Amulfo] Colegio Postgrad, Programa Forestal, Texcoco, Mexico. [Burr, Karen E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. RP Mexal, JG (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Skeen Hall Room 127, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM aaldrete@colpos.mx; jmexal@nmsu.edu; kburr@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 11 BP 3672 EP 3676 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.054 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 317KM UT WOS:000257019100002 ER PT J AU Pascual, C Garcia-Abril, A Garcia-Montero, LG Martin-Fernandez, S Cohen, WB AF Pascual, C. Garcia-Abril, A. Garcia-Montero, L. G. Martin-Fernandez, S. Cohen, W. B. TI Object-based semi-automatic approach for forest structure characterization using lidar data in heterogeneous Pinus sylvestris stands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE lidar; forest structure; Pinus sylvestris; mean height; forest management ID SMALL-FOOTPRINT LIDAR; CANOPY STRUCTURE; AIRBORNE LIDAR; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; LASER; COMPLEXITY; PATTERNS; HEIGHT; TREES AB In this paper, we present a two-stage approach for characterizing the structure of Pinus sylvestris L. stands in forests of central Spain. The first stage was to delimit forest stands using eCognition and a digital canopy height model (DCHM) derived from lidar data. The polygons were then clustered (k-means algorithm) into forest structure types based on the DCHM data within forest stands. Hypsographs of each polygon and field data validated the separability of structure types. In the study area, 112 polygons of Pinus sylvestris were segmented and classified into five forest structure types, ranging from high dense forest canopy (850 trees ha(-1) and Loregs height of 17.4 m) to scarce tree coverage (60 tree ha-1 and Loregs height of 9.7 m). Our results indicate that the best variables for the definition and characterization of forest structure in these forests are the median and standard deviation (S.D.), both derived from lidar data. In these forest types, lidar median height and standard deviation (S.D.) varied from 15.8 m (S.D. of 5.6 m) to 2.6 m (S.D. of 4.5 m). The present approach could have an operational application in the inventory procedure and forest management plans. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pascual, C.; Garcia-Montero, L. G.] Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Dept Forest Engn, ETS I Montes, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Garcia-Abril, A.] Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Dept Projects & Rural Planning, ETS I Montes, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Martin-Fernandez, S.] Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Dept Econ & Forest Management, ETS I Montes, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Cohen, W. B.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97311 USA. RP Pascual, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Dept Forest Engn, ETS I Montes, Ciudad Univ S-N, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM c.pascual@upm.es RI Garcia Abril, Antonio/F-7267-2016 OI Garcia Abril, Antonio/0000-0002-5040-7867 NR 35 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 11 BP 3677 EP 3685 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.055 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 317KM UT WOS:000257019100003 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Westfall, JA Lutes, DC Oswalt, SN AF Woodall, C. W. Westfall, J. A. Lutes, D. C. Oswalt, S. N. TI End-point diameter and total length coarse woody debris models for the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE coarse woody debris; diameter; transect; length ID LINE INTERSECT METHOD; FOREST; INVENTORY; OREGON; FUELS; FIRE AB Coarse woody debris (CWD) may be defined as dead and down trees of a certain minimum size that are an important forest ecosystem component (e.g., wildlife habitat, carbon stocks, and fuels). Due to field efficiency concerns, some natural resource inventories only measure the attributes of CWD pieces at their point of intersection with a sampling transect (e.g., transect diameter) although measurements of large-end diameter, small-end diameter, and length are often required by natural resource managers. The goal of this study was to develop a system of empirical models that predict CWD dimensions (e.g., large-end diameter) based on CWD attributes measured at the point of intersection with a sample transect and ancillary data (e.g., ecological province). Results indicated that R-squared R-2) values exceeded 0.60 for most of this study's CWD large-end diameter and small-end diameter with only fair results for the length models. The mean residuals of numerous CWD models were within the measurement tolerance expected of actual field crews. Despite remaining unexplained variation, these CWD models may provide foresters with an alternative to the time-consuming activity of measuring all CWD dimensional attributes of interest during large-scale forest inventories. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woodall, C. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55114 USA. [Westfall, J. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Lutes, D. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Oswalt, S. N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55114 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Woodall, Christopher/D-7757-2012; OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 11 BP 3700 EP 3706 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.027 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 317KM UT WOS:000257019100006 ER PT J AU Knapp, BO Wang, GG Walker, JL AF Knapp, Benjamin O. Wang, G. Geoff Walker, Joan L. TI Relating the survival and growth of planted longleaf pine seedlings to microsite conditions altered by site preparation treatments SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bedding; chopping; herbicide application; mounding; Pinus palustris P. Miller; root collar diameter; site preparation; stand establishment ID PALUSTRIS MILL. SEEDLINGS; LOBLOLLY-PINE; FLATWOODS; FERTILIZATION; REGENERATION; ECOSYSTEM; GAPS; RESPONSES; FORESTS AB Pine plantations in the southeastern United States are often created using site preparation treatments to alleviate site conditions that may limit survival or growth of planted seedlings. However, little is understood about how site preparations affect longleaf pine (Pinus palustris P. Miller) seedlings planted on wet sites. In a 2-year study (2004 and 2005) on poorly drained, sandy soils of Onslow County, North Carolina, we examined the effects of common site preparation treatments on microsite conditions and quantified relationships between microsite conditions and longleaf pine seedling survival and growth. Treatments used in the study included site preparations designed to control competing vegetation (chopping and herbicide) combined with those that alter soil conditions (mounding and bedding). During both years, mounding and bedding treatments reduced the amount of moisture within the top 6 cm of soil and increased soil temperatures when compared to flat planting (p < 0.001). Soil moisture was inversely related to seedling mortality in 2004 (r(2) = 0.405) and inversely related to root collar diameter in 2005 (r(2) = 0.334), while light was positively related to root collar diameter in 2005 (r(2) = 0.262). Light availability at the seedling level was highest on treatments that effectively reduced surrounding vegetation. Herbicides were more effective than chopping at controlling vegetation in 2004 (p < 0.001) and 2005 (p = 0.036). Controlling competing vegetation, especially shrubs, was critical for increasing early longleaf pine seedling growth. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, G. Geoff] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Walker, Joan L.] Clemson Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Wang, GG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 261 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gwang@clemson.edu NR 66 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 255 IS 11 BP 3768 EP 3777 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.013 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 317KM UT WOS:000257019100014 ER PT J AU Jacques, D Simunek, J Mallants, D van Genuchten, MT AF Jacques, D. Simunek, J. Mallants, D. van Genuchten, M. Th. TI Modelling coupled water flow, solute transport and geochemical reactions affecting heavy metal migration in a podzol soil SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE reactive transport modelling; unsaturated zone; heavy metals ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; VADOSE ZONE; PERMEABILITY; CADMIUM; FORMULATION; GENESIS; ERRORS AB Many or most subsurface pollution problems at the field scale involve such simultaneous processes as water flow, multicomponent solute transport, heat transport and biogeochemical processes and reactions. Process-based models that integrate these various processes can be valuable tools for investigating the mobility of a wide range of inorganic and organic contaminants subject to different hydrologic and geochemical conditions. The HP1 reactive transport simulator, obtained by weak coupling of HYDRUS-1D and PHREEQC-2, was developed and designed to address multicomponent geochemical transport processes in the vadose zone. In this paper we discuss a hypothetical HP1 application involving the transport of major cations and heavy metals in a soil during transient flow over a period of 30 years. Results show that variations in water content and water fluxes can significantly influence the speciation, and thus the mobility and availability, of elements. Decreasing water contents near the soil surface lowered pH of the soil solution and produced new cation exchange equilibrium conditions. The upward transport of Cl during summer due to increased evapotranspiration, and subsequent accumulation of Cl near the soil surface, caused an increase in the total aqueous Cd concentration because of the formation of Cd-Cl complexes. Coupled reactive transport codes for the unsaturated zone, such as HP1, are promising tools to unravel the complex interaction between soil physical and biogeochemical processes for all kinds of problems, including the impact of natural processes and antropogenic activities on soil evolution. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jacques, D.; Mallants, D.] CEN SCK, Performance Assessment Unit, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Simunek, J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [van Genuchten, M. Th.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Jacques, D (reprint author), CEN SCK, Performance Assessment Unit, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. EM diacques@sckcen.be RI Simunek, Jiri/F-3196-2011; Mallants, Dirk/A-5727-2012; van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013; Jacques, Diederik/C-5887-2009; OI Mallants, Dirk/0000-0001-7282-1981; van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858; Jacques, Diederik/0000-0001-9393-2963 NR 55 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 6 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 145 IS 3-4 BP 449 EP 461 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.01.009 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 329EN UT WOS:000257849800032 ER PT J AU Stofleth, JM Shields, FD Fox, GA AF Stofleth, John M. Shields, F. Douglas, Jr. Fox, Garey A. TI Hyporheic and total transient storage in small, sand-bed streams SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE hydraulic retention; streams; sand; hyporheic zones; tracers; large wood; piezometers; transport ID SUBSURFACE WATER EXCHANGE; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; MOUNTAIN STREAMS; HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS; UNITED-STATES; RETENTION; ZONE; TRACER; FLOW; CONDUCTIVITY AB Key processes in stream ecosystems are linked to hydraulic retention, which is the departure of stream flow from ideal 'plug flow', and reflects fluid movement through surface and hyporheic storage zones. Most existing information about hyporheic exchange is based on flume studies or field measurements in relatively steep streams with beds coarser than sand. Stream tracer studies may be used to quantify overall hydraulic retention, but disaggregation of surface and hyporheic retention remains difficult. A stream tracer approach was used to compute the rates at which stream water is exchanged with water in storage zones (total storage) in short reaches of two small, sand-bed streams under free and obstructed flow conditions. Tracer curves were fit to the one-dimensional transport with inflow storage model OTIS-P. Networks of piezometers were used to measure specific discharge between the stream and the groundwater. In the sand-bed streams studied, parameters describing total retention were in the upper 50% of data compiled from the literature, most of which represented streams with beds coarser than sand. However, hyporheic storage was an insignificant component of total hydraulic retention, representing only 0.01-0-49% of total exchange, and this fraction did not increase after installation of flow obstructions. Total retention did not vary systematically with bed material size, but increased 50-100% following flow obstruction. Removal of roughness elements, such as large wood and debris dams, is detrimental to processes dependent upon transient storage in small, sand-bed streams. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Shields, F. Douglas, Jr.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Stofleth, John M.] Philip Williams & Associates, Sacramento, CA USA. [Fox, Garey A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Shields, FD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM dshields@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1885 EP 1894 DI 10.1002/hyp.6773 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 316OE UT WOS:000256958700015 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS Erhan, SZ AF Liu, Zengshe Erhan, Sevim Z. TI "Green" composites and nanocomposites from soybean oil SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on the Strength of Materials (ICSMA 14) CY JUN 04-09, 2006 CL Xian Jiaotong Univ, Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Met Res, CAS HO Xian Jiaotong Univ DE green composites; THPE-GE; triethylenetetramine ID NYLON 6-CLAY HYBRID AB In this study, we report preparation of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO)-based "green" composites and nanocomposites. The high strength and stiffness composites and nanocomposites are formed through flax fiber and organoclay reinforcement. The epoxy resin, 1,1,1-tris(p-hydroxyphenyl)ethane triglycidyl ether (THPE-GE) is used as a co-matrix for flax fiber-reinforced composites. For the clay-reinforced nanocomposites, the dispersion of the clay layers is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and TEM data reveal that the intercalated structure of ESO/clay nanocomposites has been developed. Mechanical properties of both materials are investigated. As curing agent, triethylenetetramine (TETA) is used for both systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Liu, Zengshe; Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM liuz@ncaur.usda.gov NR 4 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 483-84 SI SI BP 708 EP 711 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2006.12.186 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 303WH UT WOS:000256071100179 ER PT J AU Guarino, H Nunez, A Repiso, MV Gil, A Dargatz, DA AF Guarino, H. Nunez, A. Repiso, M. V. Gil, A. Dargatz, D. A. TI Prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef cattle in Uruguay SO PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE infectious bovine rhinotracheitis; bovine viral diarrhea; prevalence; serology ID RISK-FACTORS; SEROPREVALENCE; BVDV; RHINOTRACHEITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; YUCATAN; COMPLEX; MEXICO; TESTS; HERDS AB Our objective was to determine the prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) and bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus in beef cattle in Uruguay. A random sample of 230 herds selected with probability proportional to population size based on the number of cattle was chosen from a list frame of all registered livestock farms as of June 1999. Sera from up to 10 heifers, cows and bulls (up to 30 sera total per herd) were collected on selected farms between March 2000 and March 2001 and evaluated by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Overall, 6358 serum samples were evaluated. We also collected data on previous diagnosis of BHV-1 or BVD infections and on the use of vaccines against these agents. The estimated prevalence of exposure to BHV-1 and BVD at the herd level for the Uruguayan beef population was 99% and 100%, respectively. Approximately 37% of beef cattle in Uruguay have been exposed to BHV-1 and 69% to BVD virus. Only 3% of beef herds in Uruguay regularly (typically, annually) use vaccines against either of these agents. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Guarino, H.; Nunez, A.; Repiso, M. V.] Minist Livestock Agr & Fisheries, Vet Labs Div, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Gil, A.] Minist Livestock Agr & Fisheries, Epidemiol Unit, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Dargatz, D. A.] Vet Serv, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Guarino, H (reprint author), Minist Livestock Agr & Fisheries, Vet Labs Div, Ruta 8 Km 17-500,POB 6577, Montevideo, Uruguay. EM hguari@yahoo.com NR 29 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-5877 EI 1873-1716 J9 PREV VET MED JI Prev. Vet. Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 85 IS 1-2 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.12.012 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 305FH UT WOS:000256162700005 PM 18280598 ER PT J AU He, HQ Genovese, KJ Swaggerty, CL Nisbet, DJ Kogut, MH AF He, Haiqi Genovese, Kenneth J. Swaggerty, Christina L. Nisbet, David J. Kogut, Michael H. TI Differential induction of nitric oxide, degranulation, and oxidative burst activities in response to microbial agonist stimulations in monocytes and heterophils from young commercial Turkeys SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toll-like receptor agonists; innate immune responses; nitric oxide; oxidative burst; degranulation; heterophils; monocytes; Turkeys ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; IN-SILICO IDENTIFICATION; NADPH PHAGOCYTE OXIDASE; MACROPHAGE CELL-LINE; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE; AVIAN HETEROPHILS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION AB The toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial pathogens and pathogen-associated molecular patterns and trigger inflammatory immune responses to control the infection. Here, we examined functional innate immune responses to Salmonella enteritidis (SE, live or formalin-killed) and various TLR agonists including lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN) from Staphylococcus aureus and synthetic lipoprotein Pam3CSK4 (PAM), poly I:C (synthetic double-stranded RNA analog), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from S. enteritidis, flagellin (FGN) from S. typhimurium, loxoribine (LOX) and R837 (synthetic anti-viral compounds), and CpG oligodeoxydinucleotide (CpG ODN)by measuring antimicrobial activities including oxidative burst and degranulation in heterophils and nitric oxide production in peripheral blood monocytes. Our results demonstrate differential nitric oxide responses to TLR agonists in turkey monocytes. LTA and CpG ODN were the most potent stimuli for nitric oxide induction followed by PAM, poly I:C, and LPS, whereas FGN, PGN, LOX, R837, and control ODN stimulated little or no nitric oxide production. Live SE stimulated significantly less NO production than formalin-killed SE (FKSE). Although FKSE induced significant degranulation and oxidative burst, most TLR agonists stimulate little oxidative burst and degranulation responses in turkey heterophils. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [He, Haiqi; Genovese, Kenneth J.; Swaggerty, Christina L.; Nisbet, David J.; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM he@ffsru.usda.gov NR 51 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 123 IS 3-4 BP 177 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.01.033 PG 9 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 313NR UT WOS:000256747800001 PM 18304649 ER PT J AU Karcher, EL Beitz, DC Stabel, JR AF Karcher, E. L. Beitz, D. C. Stabel, J. R. TI Modulation of cytokine gene expression and secretion during the periparturient period in dairy cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE periparturient; cytokine; Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; T-CELL; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS; GRANULOMA-FORMATION; NEUTROPHIL FUNCTION; POSTPARTUM PERIOD AB Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is estimated to infect more than 22% of US dairy herds. Periods of immunosuppression may contribute to the transition from the subclinical to the clinical stage of infection. Understanding the effects of stressors such as parturition on the escalation of disease may provide information that will help to manage JD. The objective of this study was to characterize cytokine gene expression and secretion in periparturient dairy cows naturally infected with MAP. Blood was collected from the jugular vein of healthy noninfected, and subclinically and clinically infected dairy cows for 3 weeks pre-calving to 4 weeks post-calving. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of the following cytokine genes by peripheral blood mononuclear cells: IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-12p35, IL-10, TGF-beta, and IL-4. To assess the effects of parturient immunosuppression on cytokine gene expression, RT-PCR data were analyzed by using 2(-ddCt) values calibrated to dCt value at +1 day relative to calving for each animal. Overall, cytokine gene expression was not influenced by infection status of the cows in this study. However, significant effects in cytokine gene expression were noted across sampling days within the periparturient period. Expression of IFN-gamma by NS and ConA-stimulated PBMCs declined at calving compared with prepartum values in both control and infected cows. Similarly, a decline in expression of IL-4 and IL-10 was observed for cells isolated from subclinically infected cows after stimulation with ConA. ConA-stimulated PBMCs isolated from infected cows secreted higher concentrations of IFN-gamma compared with the controls. A significant decline in IFN-gamma secretion was noted for MPS-stimulated cells for clinical cows from -21 days to +1 day. Stimulating cells with MPS resulted in greater secretion of IL-10 by infected cows during the postpartum period. A trend was also observed for higher TGF-beta secretion by NS PBMCs isolated from clinical cows in the postpartum period. Cells isolated from clinically infected cows and stimulated with MPS secreted higher levels of nitric oxide throughout the periparturient period when compared to control or subclinically infected cows. These data suggest that parturition is a very dynamic time period for host immunity, with potential for altered immunity to hinder the ability of dairy cows to thwart infectious diseases. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stabel, J. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Karcher, E. L.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2008 VL 123 IS 3-4 BP 277 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.02.006 PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 313NR UT WOS:000256747800012 PM 18374424 ER PT J AU Walker, DA Epstein, HE Romanovsky, VE Ping, CL Michaelson, GJ Daanen, RP Shur, Y Peterson, RA Krantz, WB Raynolds, MK Gould, WA Gonzalez, G Nicolsky, DJ Vonlanthen, CM Kade, AN Kuss, P Kelley, AM Munger, CA Tamocai, CT Matveyeva, NV Daniels, FJA AF Walker, D. A. Epstein, H. E. Romanovsky, V. E. Ping, C. L. Michaelson, G. J. Daanen, R. P. Shur, Y. Peterson, R. A. Krantz, W. B. Raynolds, M. K. Gould, W. A. Gonzalez, G. Nicolsky, D. J. Vonlanthen, C. M. Kade, A. N. Kuss, P. Kelley, A. M. Munger, C. A. Tamocai, C. T. Matveyeva, N. V. Daniels, F. J. A. TI Arctic patterned-ground ecosystems: A synthesis of field studies and models along a North American Arctic Transect SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID KUPARUK RIVER BASIN; N-FACTOR; ACTIVE-LAYER; FROST HEAVE; ALASKA; VEGETATION; CLIMATE; TUNDRA; SOILS; GRADIENT AB Arctic landscapes have visually striking patterns of small polygons, circles, and hummocks. The linkages between the geophysical and biological components of these systems and their responses to climate changes are not well understood. The "Biocomplexity of Patterned Ground Ecosystems" project examined patterned-ground features (PGFs) in all five Arctic bioclimate subzones along an 1800-km trans-Arctic temperature gradient in northern Alaska and northwestern Canada. This paper provides an overview of the transect to illustrate the trends in climate, PGFs, vegetation, n-factors, soils, active-layer depth, and frost heave along the climate gradient. We emphasize the thermal effects of the vegetation and snow on the heat and water fluxes within patterned-ground systems. Four new modeling approaches build on the theme that vegetation controls microscale soil temperature differences between the centers and margins of the PGFs, and these in turn drive the movement of water, affect the formation of aggradation ice, promote differential soil heave, and regulate a host of system propel-ties that affect the ability of plants to colonize the centers of these features. We conclude with an examination of the possible effects of a climate wan-ning on patterned-ground ecosystems. C1 [Walker, D. A.; Raynolds, M. K.; Kade, A. N.; Munger, C. A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Romanovsky, V. E.; Daanen, R. P.; Nicolsky, D. J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Daniels, F. J. A.] Univ Munster, Inst Plant Ecol, D-4814 Munster, Germany. [Epstein, H. E.; Kelley, A. M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Gould, W. A.; Gonzalez, G.] USDA, Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Krantz, W. B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Kuss, P.] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Matveyeva, N. V.] Russian Acad Sci, VL Komarov Bot Inst, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. [Ping, C. L.; Michaelson, G. J.] Univ Alaska, Agr & Forestry Expt Stn, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Peterson, R. A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Mech Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Shur, Y.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Tamocai, C. T.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Vonlanthen, C. M.] Zurich Basel Plant Sci Ctr, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Walker, DA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM fldaw@aurora.uaf.edu RI Nicolsky, Dmitry/I-1877-2012; Krantz, William/H-2291-2014; OI Krantz, William/0000-0002-3839-3968; Gould, William/0000-0002-3720-9735; Gonzalez, Grizelle /0000-0003-3007-5540 NR 54 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 49 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD JUN 14 PY 2008 VL 113 IS G3 AR G03S01 DI 10.1029/2007JG000504 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 314LZ UT WOS:000256812200001 ER PT J AU Lin, GH Cai, ZP Wu, JF Wan, XF Xu, LZ Goebel, R AF Lin, Guohui Cai, Zhipeng Wu, Junfeng Wan, Xiu-Feng Xu, Lizhe Goebel, Randy TI Identifying a few foot-and-mouth disease virus signature nucleotide strings for computational genotyping SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID CLASSIFICATION; RECOMBINATION AB Background: Serotypes of the Foot-and-Mouth disease viruses (FMDVs) were generally determined by biological experiments. The computational genotyping is not well studied even with the availability of whole viral genomes, due to uneven evolution among genes as well as frequent genetic recombination. Naively using sequence comparison for genotyping is only able to achieve a limited extent of success. Results: We used 129 FMDV strains with known serotype as training strains to select as many as 140 most serotype-specific nucleotide strings. We then constructed a linear-kernel Support Vector Machine classifier using these 140 strings. Under the leave-one-out cross validation scheme, this classifier was able to assign correct serotype to 127 of these 129 strains, achieving 98.45% accuracy. It also assigned serotype correctly to an independent test set of 83 other FMDV strains downloaded separately from NCBI GenBank. Conclusion: Computational genotyping is much faster and much cheaper than the wet-lab based biological experiments, upon the availability of the detailed molecular sequences. The high accuracy of our proposed method suggests the potential of utilizing a few signature nucleotide strings instead of whole genomes to determine the serotypes of novel FMDV strains. C1 [Lin, Guohui; Cai, Zhipeng; Wu, Junfeng; Goebel, Randy] Univ Alberta, Dept Comp Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Canada. [Wan, Xiu-Feng] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mol Virol & Vaccine Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Xu, Lizhe] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Lin, GH (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Comp Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E8, Canada. EM ghlin@cs.ualberta.ca; zhipeng@cs.ualberta.ca; jeffwu@cs.ualberta.ca; fvq7@cdc.gov; lizhe.xu@aphis.usda.gov; goebel@cs.ualberta.ca NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUN 13 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 279 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-9-279 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 319JZ UT WOS:000257161200001 PM 18554404 ER PT J AU Gauthier, MS Miyoshi, H Souza, SC Cacicedo, JM Saha, AK Greenberg, AS Ruderman, NB AF Gauthier, Marie-Soleil Miyoshi, Hideaki Souza, Sandra C. Cacicedo, Jose M. Saha, Asish K. Greenberg, Andrew S. Ruderman, Neil B. TI AMP-activated protein kinase is activated as a consequence of lipolysis in the adipocyte - Potential mechanism and physiological relevance SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ADIPOSE TRIGLYCERIDE LIPASE; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; ISOLATED RAT ADIPOCYTES; A-STIMULATED LIPOLYSIS; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; PERILIPIN-A; MALONYL-COA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE AB AMP-activated proteinkinase(AMPK) is activated in adipocytes during exercise and other states in which lipolysis is stimulated. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for this effect and its physiological relevance are unclear. To examine these questions, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with cAMP-inducing agents (isoproterenol, forskolin, and isobutylmethylxanthine), which stimulate lipolysis and activate AMPK. When lipolysis was partially inhibited with the general lipase inhibitor orlistat, AMPK activation by these agents was also partially reduced, but the increases in cAMP levels and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity were unaffected. Likewise, small hairpin RNA-mediated silencing of adipose tissue triglyceride lipase inhibited both forskolin-stimulated lipolysis and AMPK activation but not that of PKA. Forskolin treatment increased the AMP:ATP ratio, and this too was reduced by orlistat. When acyl-CoA synthetase, which catalyzes the conversion of fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA, was inhibited with triacsin C, the increases in both AMPK activity and AMP:ATP ratio were blunted. Isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis was accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress, an effect that was quintupled in cells incubated with the AMPK inhibitor compound C. The isoproterenol-induced increase in the AMP: ATP ratio was also much greater in these cells. In conclusion, the results indicate that activation of AMPK in adipocytes by cAMP-inducing agents is a consequence of lipolysis and not of PKA activation. They suggest that AMPK activation in this setting is caused by an increase in the AMP: ATP ratio that appears to be due, at least in part, to the acylation of fatty acids. Finally, this AMPK activation appears to restrain the energy depletion and oxidative stress caused by lipolysis. C1 [Gauthier, Marie-Soleil; Cacicedo, Jose M.; Saha, Asish K.; Ruderman, Neil B.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Diabet & Metab Res Unit, Med Ctr,Dept Med,Sect Endocrinol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Miyoshi, Hideaki; Souza, Sandra C.; Greenberg, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Miyoshi, Hideaki] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Med, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608638, Japan. [Souza, Sandra C.] Novartis Inst BioMed Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cacicedo, Jose M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Boston, MA 02140 USA. RP Gauthier, MS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Diabet & Metab Res Unit, Med Ctr,Dept Med,Sect Endocrinol, 650 Albany St,Rm 820, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM msgauth@bu.edu RI MIYOSHI, HIDEAKI/G-3971-2012; OI Cacicedo, Jose/0000-0001-8417-9754; Saha, Asish/0000-0003-1001-5110; Ruderman, Neil/0000-0002-6589-6587 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01HL68758]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01DK50647, R01DK067509, R01DK19514] NR 80 TC 134 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 2008 VL 283 IS 24 BP 16514 EP 16524 DI 10.1074/jbc.M708177200 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 309YW UT WOS:000256497100028 PM 18390901 ER PT J AU Orts, WJ Holtman, KM Seiber, JN AF Orts, William J. Holtman, Kevin M. Seiber, James N. TI Agricultural chemistry and bioenergy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLANT-CELL WALLS; BENZENE-FREE SYNTHESIS; BIOFUELS PRODUCTION; DFRC METHOD; NEW-MODEL; BIOMASS; PRETREATMENT; ETHANOL; LIGNIN; ENERGY AB Renewed interest in converting biomass to biofuels such as ethanol, other forms of bioenergy, and bioenergy byproducts or coproducts of commercial value opens opportunities for chemists, including agricultural chemists and related disciplines. Applications include feedstock characterization and quantification of structural changes resulting from genetic modification and of the intermediates formed during enzymatic and chemical processing; development of improved processes for utilizing chemical coproducts such as lactic acid and glycerol; development of alternative biofuels such as methanol, butanol, and hydrogen; and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emission and/or use carbon dioxide beneficially. Chemists will also be heavily involved in detailing the phytochemical composition of alternative energy crops and genetically improved crops. A resurgence of demand for agricultural chemistry and related disciplines argues for increasing output through targeted programs and on-the-job training. C1 [Orts, William J.; Holtman, Kevin M.; Seiber, James N.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Seiber, JN (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jafc@ucdavis.edu NR 58 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 3892 EP 3899 DI 10.1021/jf8006695 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300002 PM 18473470 ER PT J AU Pyle, DJ Garcia, RA Wen, ZY AF Pyle, Denver J. Garcia, Rafael A. Wen, Zhiyou TI Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich algae from blodiesel-derived crude glycerol: Effects of impurities on DHA production and algal biomass composition SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; crude glyercol; soap; methanol; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); algal biomass; proximate analysis; fatty acids profile; amino acid composition; elemental composition; heavy metal contamination ID LIMITING AMINO-ACIDS; ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; LIPID PRODUCTION; CARBON SOURCE; EXTRACTION; GROWTH; 1,3-PROPANEDIOL; CULTIVATION; INHIBITION AB Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and algal biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence algal DHA production; these two, impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived algal biomass contained 45-50% lipid, 14-20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8-13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and DHA were the two major fatty acids in the algal lipid. The algal biomass was rich in lysine and cysteine, relative to many common feedstuffs. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma showed that boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and sulfur were present in the biomass, whereas no heavy metals (such as mercury) were detected in the algal biomass. Overall, the results show that crude glycerol was a suitable carbon source for algal fermentation. The crude glycerol-derived algal biomass had a high level of DHA and a nutritional profile similar to that of commercial algal biomass, suggesting a great potential for using crude glycerol-derived algae in omega-3-fortified food or feed. C1 [Pyle, Denver J.; Wen, Zhiyou] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wen, Zhiyou] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Inst Crit Technol & Appl Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Garcia, Rafael A.] ARS, USDA, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Wen, ZY (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wenz@vt.edu RI Garcia, Rafael/D-2796-2009 OI Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-5452-3929 NR 32 TC 149 Z9 150 U1 4 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 3933 EP 3939 DI 10.1021/jf800602s PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300007 PM 18465872 ER PT J AU Wang, WY Bringe, NA Berhow, MA de Mejia, EG AF Wang, Wenyi Bringe, Neal A. Berhow, Mark A. de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez TI beta-conglycinins among sources of bioactives in hydrolysates of different soybean varieties that inhibit leukemia cells in vitro SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-conglycinin; glycinin; soy peptides; lunasin; Bowman-Birk inhibitor; isoflavone; L1210 leukemia cells ID BOWMAN-BIRK INHIBITOR; TOFU QUALITY; COLON-CANCER; SOY PROTEIN; GLYCININ; ISOFLAVONES; GROWTH; RISK; 7S; CHEMOPREVENTION AB Soybean is a complex matrix containing several potentially bioactive components. The objective was to develop a statistical model to predict the in vitro anticancer potential of soybean varieties based on the correlation between protein composition and bioactive components after simulated gastrointestinal enzyme digestion with their effect on leukemia mouse cells. The IC50 values of the hydrolysates of soy genotypes (NB1-NB7) on L1210 leukemia cells ranged from 3.5 to 6.2 mg/mL. Depending on genotype, each gram of soy hydrolysates contained 2.7-6.6 mu mol of total daidzein, 3.0-4.7 mu mol of total genistein, 0.5-1.3 mu mol of glycitein, 2.1-2.8 mu mol of total saponins, 0.1-0.2 mu mol of lunasin, and 0.1-0.6 mu mol of Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI). The IC50 values calculated from a partial least-squares (PLS) analysis model correlated well with experimental data (R-2 = 0.99). Isoflavones and beta-conglycinin positively contributed to the cytotoxicity of soy on L1210 leukemia cells. Lunasin and BBI were potent L1210 cell inhibitors (IC50 = 13.9 and 22.5 mu M, respectively), but made modest contributions to the activity of defatted soy flour hydrolysates due to their relatively low concentrations. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that beta-conglycinins are among the major protein components that inhibit leukemia cell growth in vitro. Furthermore, it was feasible to differentiate soybean varieties on the basis of the biological effect of their components using a statistical model and a cell-based assay. C1 [Wang, Wenyi; de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bringe, Neal A.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [Berhow, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP de Mejia, EG (reprint author), 228 ERML,MC-051,1202 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM edemejia@uiuc.edu NR 42 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4012 EP 4020 DI 10.1021/jf8002009 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300018 PM 18473471 ER PT J AU Mozaina, K Cantrell, CL Mims, AB Lax, AR Tellez, MR Osbrink, WLA AF Mozaina, Kobaisy Cantrell, Charles L. Mims, Amelia B. Lax, Alan R. Tellez, Maria R. Osbrink, Weste L. A. TI Activity of 1,4-benzoquinones against Formosan subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE benzoquinone; antitermite activity; termiticide ID PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS; NAPHTHOQUINONES; QUINONES; ISOPTERA AB A large number of naturally occurring and synthetic benzoquinones were evaluated for activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, with potential use in termite control. Among these bioactive naturally occurring benzoquinones are 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-methoxy-6-pentyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone. All five of these compounds demonstrated 100% mortality against C. formosanus by day 11 at a concentration of 1% (wt/wt) or less. In general, benzoquinones with one or two hydrophobic groups on the 5 and/or 6 positions of the quinone ring along with one or two group(s) on the opposite side of the ring, at the 2 and/or 3 position, led to high rates of mortality against C. formosanus. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies showed no correlation between lipophilicity (calculated log P) and mortality for the entire group of nonhalogenated benzoquinones. A correlation was observed between C-6 chain length and day 3 percent mortality for 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-substituted aliphatic benzoquinones where short chain lengths resulted in higher mortality. C1 [Mozaina, Kobaisy; Cantrell, Charles L.; Tellez, Maria R.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Mims, Amelia B.; Lax, Alan R.; Osbrink, Weste L. A.] ARS, USDA, Formosan Subterranean Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cantrell, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4021 EP 4026 DI 10.1021/jf800331r PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300019 PM 18461966 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Akoh, CC Himmelsbach, DS Lee, KT AF Lee, Jeung Hee Akoh, Casmir C. Himmelsbach, David S. Lee, Ki-Teak TI Preparation of interesterified plastic fats from fats and oils free of Trans fatty acid SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE crystal microstructure; interesterification; lipase; olive oil; palm stearin; polymorphism; solid fat content; trans fat ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; MARGARINES; SHEAR; RISK AB Interesterified plastic fats were produced with trans-free substrates of fully hydrogenated soybean oil, extra virgin olive oil, and. palm stearin in a weight ratio of 10:20:70, 10:40:50, and 10:50:40, respectively, by lipase catalysis. The major fatty acids of the products were palmitic (32.2-47.4%), stearic (12.0-12.4%), and oleic acid (33.6-49.5%). After storage at 5 degrees C (refrigerator temperature) or 24 degrees C (room temperature) for 16 h, the physical properties were evaluated for solid fat content, texture, melting, and crystallization behavior, viscoelastic properties, crystal polymorphism, and crystal microstructure. The interesterified fats contained desirable crystal polymorphs (beta' form) as determined by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. They exhibited a wide plastic range of solid fat content of 52-58% at 10 degrees C and 15% at 40 degrees C. The physical properties were influenced by the ratio of palm stearin and olive oil, Harder and more brittle texture, crystallization and melting at higher temperature, higher solid fat contents, and more elastic (G') or viscous (G') characteristics were observed in the produced fats containing a higher content of palm stearin and lower content of olive oil. The produced fats stored at 5 degrees C consisted mostly of beta' form crystal together with a small content of beta form, while those at 24 degrees C had only beta' form. The produced fat with a higher amount of palm stearin appeared to have more beta' form crystal and small size crystal clusters. Thus, the physical properties of the produced plastic fats may be desirable for use in a bakery product. C1 [Lee, Ki-Teak] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Lee, Jeung Hee; Akoh, Casmir C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Himmelsbach, David S.] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Qual Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Lee, KT (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM ktlee@cnu.ac.kr RI Akoh, Casimir/F-6460-2011 OI Akoh, Casimir/0000-0002-2323-9298 NR 26 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4039 EP 4046 DI 10.1021/jf072936y PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300022 PM 18476692 ER PT J AU Cabrera, A Cox, L Koskinen, WC Sadowsky, MJ AF Cabrera, Alegria Cox, Lucia Koskinen, William C. Sadowsky, Michael J. TI Availability of triazine herbicides in aged soils amended with olive oil mill waste SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE triazine herbicides; sorption; bioavailability; Pseudomonas sp strain ADP; soil; alperujo; olive oil mill waste; aging ID WATER-QUALITY ASSESSMENT; SP STRAIN ADP; SORPTION-DESORPTION; ORGANIC AMENDMENTS; PSEUDOMONAS SP; ATRAZINE MINERALIZATION; SEMIARID SOIL; UNITED-STATES; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; SIMAZINE AB Amendments are frequently added to agricultural soils to increase organic matter content. In this study, we examined the influence of alperujo, an olive oil mill waste, on the availability of two triazine herbicides, terbuthylazine and atrazine, in two different sandy soils, one from Sevilla, Spain, and the other from Minnesota. The effect of aging on herbicide sorption and bioavailability was also studied. Soils were amended with alperujo at a rate of 3-5% (w:w) in laboratory studies. Apparent sorption coefficients for the triazine herbicides were calculated as the ratio of the concentrations of each herbicide sequentially extracted with water, followed by aqueous methanol, at each sampling time. These data showed greater sorption of terbuthylazine and atrazine in amended soils as compared to nonamended soils, and an increase in the amount of herbicide sorbed with increasing aging time in nonamended soils. The triazine-mineralizing bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP was used to characterize triazine bioavailability. Less mineralization of the herbicides by Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP was observed in soils amended with alperujo, as compared to the unamended soils, and, despite the increase in sorption with aging in unamended soils, herbicide mineralization also increased in this case. This has been attributed to Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP first using alperujo as a more readily available source of N as compared to the parent triazines. In summary, addition of alperujo to the soils studied was shown to increase triazine herbicides sorption and hence to reduce its availability and potential to leach. C1 [Cabrera, Alegria; Cox, Lucia] Sevilla IRNAS CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol, Seville 41080, Spain. [Koskinen, William C.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Cox, L (reprint author), Sevilla IRNAS CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol, POB 1052, Seville 41080, Spain. EM lcox@irnase.csic.es RI Cabrera, Alegria/B-4753-2012; COX, LUCIA/M-4072-2015; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; OI Cabrera, Alegria/0000-0002-0421-3324; Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781; , LUCIA/0000-0003-2113-4780 NR 46 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4112 EP 4119 DI 10.1021/jf800095t PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300032 PM 18489114 ER PT J AU Malowicki, SMA Martin, R Qian, MC AF Malowicki, Sarah M. A. Martin, Robert Qian, Michael C. TI Volatile composition in raspberry cultivars grown in the Pacific northwest determined by stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE raspberry; volatile; aroma; SBSE; volatile quantification ID RUBUS-IDAEUS L; ENANTIOSELECTIVE ANALYSIS; DILUTION ANALYSIS; FLAVOR COMPOUNDS; AROMA COMPOUNDS; QUALITY; OLFACTOMETRY; COMPONENTS; INDEX; FRUIT AB Twenty-nine volatile compounds in 'Chilliwack', 'Tulameen', 'Willamette', 'Yellow Meeker', and 'Meeker' raspberries were quantified using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) paired with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Good correlation coefficients were obtained with most aroma-active compounds in raspberry, with quantification limits of 1 mu g/kg. However, poor recoveries were observed for raspberry ketone and zingerone. Quantitative data showed that volatile concentrations varied for different cultivars. Large variations for alpha-ionone, -ionone, geraniol, linalool, and (Z)-3-hexenol were observed in different raspberry cultivars. In addition, the volatile compositions in 'Meeker' raspberry grown at different locations also varied. The chiral isomeric ratios of raspberry ketone, alpha-ionone, beta-pinene, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, delta-octalactone, delta-decalactone, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol were studied using a CyclosilB column. alpha-lonone, alpha-pinene, delta-octalactone, and delta-decalactone had strong chiral isomeric preference, with more than 96% for one isomeric form. Much weaker chiral isomeric preference was observed for terpinen-4-ol, while linalool was almost a racemic mixture. Both growing locations and cultivars affect the isomeric ratio of linalool with a range of 37-51% for (R)-linalool. C1 [Malowicki, Sarah M. A.; Qian, Michael C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Martin, Robert] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Qian, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM michael.qian@oregonstate.edu NR 31 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4128 EP 4133 DI 10.1021/jf073489p PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300034 PM 18473468 ER PT J AU Yadav, MP Parris, N Johnston, DB Hicks, KB AF Yadav, Madhav P. Parris, Nicholas Johnston, David B. Hicks, Kevin B. TI Fractionation, characterization, and study of the emulsifying properties of corn fiber gum SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE corn fiber; arabinoxylan; corn fiber gum; emulsification; homogenization ID PROTEINS; ACID; EMULSIFICATION; HEMICELLULOSE; COMPONENTS AB Corn fiber gum (CFG) has been fractionated by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on Amberlite XAD-1180 resin using ionic, acidic, basic, and hydrophobic solvents of different polarities. Characterization, including determination of total carbohydrate, acidic sugar, and protein content, has been done for each fraction together with measurements of molar mass, polydispersity, radius of gyration,. Mark-Houwink exponent, and intrinsic viscosity using multiangle laser light scattering and online viscosity measurements, Emulsification properties of all fractions in an oil-in-water emulsion system with 20:1 oil to gum ratio were studied by measuring turbidity over 14 days. The results indicate that CFG consists of different components differing in their molecular weights and carbohydrate and protein contents. The main fraction eluted with NaCl, although low in protein content, has the highest average molecular weight and was determined to be a better emulsifier than the other fractions. The unfractionated CFG, which contains different molecular species, is the best emulsifier. C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.; Parris, Nicholas; Johnston, David B.; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Yadav, MP (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4181 EP 4187 DI 10.1021/jf703672d PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300040 PM 18489115 ER PT J AU Seabourn, BW Chung, OK Seib, PA Mathewson, PR AF Seabourn, Bradford W. Chung, Okkyung K. Seib, Paul A. Mathewson, Paul R. TI Determination of secondary structural changes in gluten proteins during mixing using Fourier transform horizontal attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE attenuated total reflectance; secondary structure; amide III; rheology ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; FLOUR PROTEINS; COMPLEX FOOD; WHEAT DOUGH; CONFORMATION; PEPTIDES; SPECTRA; AGENTS; BANDS AB Fourier transform horizontal attenuated total reflectance (FT-HATR) was used to examine changes in the secondary structure of gluten proteins in a flour-water dough system during mixing. Midinfrared spectra of mixed dough revealed changes in four bands in the amide III region associated with secondary structure in proteins: 1317 (alpha-helix), 1285 (beta-turn), 1265 (random coil), and 1242 cm(-1) (beta-sheet). The largest band, which also showed the greatest change in second derivative band area (SDBA) during mixing, was located at 1242 cm(-1). The bands at 1317 and 1285 cm(-1) also showed an increase in SDBA over time. Conversely, the band at 1265 cm(-1) showed a corresponding decrease over time as the doughs were mixed. All bands reached an optimum corresponding to the minimum mobility of the dough as determined by the mixograph. Increases in alpha-helix, beta-turn, and beta-sheet secondary structures during mixing suggest that the dough proteins assume a more ordered conformation. These results demonstrate that it is possible, using infrared spectroscopic techniques, to relate the rheological behavior of developing dough in a mixograph directly to changes in the structure of the gluten protein system. C1 [Seabourn, Bradford W.; Chung, Okkyung K.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Seib, Paul A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Mathewson, Paul R.] Food Technol Resource Grp, Park City, UT 84060 USA. RP Seabourn, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM brad.seabourn@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 56 IS 11 BP 4236 EP 4243 DI 10.1021/jf703569b PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 309FE UT WOS:000256445300048 PM 18489117 ER PT J AU Hsiong, SX Cooke, PH Kong, HJ Fishman, ML Ericsson, M Mooney, DJ AF Hsiong, Susan X. Cooke, Peter H. Kong, Hyun-Joon Fishman, Marshall L. Ericsson, Maria Mooney, David J. TI AFM imaging of RGD presenting synthetic extracellular matrix using gold nanoparticles SO MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy (AFM); biomaterials; electron microscopy; hydrogels; TEM ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CELL-ADHESION; POLYSACCHARIDE ULTRASTRUCTURES; ALGINATE HYDROGELS; STEM-CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; GELS; ORGANIZATION; SURFACES AB Several high-resolution imaging techniques such as FESEM, TEM and AFM are compared with respect to their application on alginate hydrogels, a widely used polysaccharide biomaterial. A new AFM method applicable to RGD peptides covalently conjugated to alginate hydrogels is described. High-resolution images of RGD adhesion ligand distribution were obtained by labeling biotinylated RGD peptides with streptavidin-labeled gold nanoparticles. This method may broadly provide a useful tool for sECM characterization and design for tissue regeneration strategies. C1 [Hsiong, Susan X.; Mooney, David J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Engn Sci Lab, SEAS, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hsiong, Susan X.] Univ Michigan, Dept Chem Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cooke, Peter H.; Fishman, Marshall L.] Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Kong, Hyun-Joon] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Ericsson, Maria] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mooney, DJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Engn Sci Lab, SEAS, 325 Pierce Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mooneyd@seas.harvard.edu NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-5187 J9 MACROMOL BIOSCI JI Macromol. Biosci. PD JUN 11 PY 2008 VL 8 IS 6 BP 469 EP 477 DI 10.1002/mabi.200700313 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 315QX UT WOS:000256895600001 PM 18383570 ER PT J AU Pierce, LR Palti, Y Silverstein, JT Barrows, FT Hallerman, EM Parsons, JE AF Pierce, Lindsey R. Palti, Yniv Silverstein, Jeffrey T. Barrows, Fredrick T. Hallerman, Eric M. Parsons, James E. TI Family growth response to fishmeal and plant-based diets shows genotype x diet interaction in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE genotype by diet interaction; genetic correlation; growth rate; plant diet; parentage assignment; pedigree; rainbow trout; Oncorhynchus mykiss; alternate protein diets; alternate oil sources; soybean oil ID ATLANTIC SALMON; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; PARENTAL ALLOCATION; REPLACEMENT; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAM; TRAITS; MARKER; FEEDS AB The ability of rainbow trout to efficiently utilize plant-based diets for growth and the genetic variation for that trait have not been thoroughly examined. In this study, growth of a pedigreed population from the commercial Kamloop strain was assessed while feeding both plant-based and traditional fishmeal-based diets from initiation of feeding to termination of the growth trial at an average body weight of 600 g. Both fish oil (5.00%) and soybean oil (8.43%) were included in the plant-based diet, and only fish oil was used in the fishmeal diet (10.10%). Ninety-five (92 informative) full-sib families nested within 47 (46 informative) half-sib families were reared in a common environment. Parentage assignment was performed on approximately 1000 fish fed each diet using eight microsatellite markers chosen for non-duplication, a minimum of five alleles with no known null alleles, at least 50% heterozygosity, and unambiguous scoring. Progeny were assigned to parental pairs via two allocation programs, PAPA and FAP, to increase accuracy and to test efficiency. The fish fed the fishmeal/oil diet were approximately 8% larger than the fish fed the plant-based diet (P<0.05). A significant genotypexdiet effect was detected. The variance component for this effect accounted for 5% of the sum of the variance components for all the random effects. The genetic correlation for growth on the two diets was 0.73+/-0.13, with a heritability of 0.31+/-0.07 on the plant diet and 0.32+/-0.07 on the fishmeal diet. We conclude that substantial genetic variation for utilizing plant-based diets containing soybean meal and oil exists in this widely used commercial rainbow trout strain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Palti, Yniv; Silverstein, Jeffrey T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Pierce, Lindsey R.; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Barrows, Fredrick T.] USDA ARS, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Parsons, James E.] Troutlodge Inc, Sumner, WA 98390 USA. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JUN 10 PY 2008 VL 278 IS 1-4 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.03.017 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 317FH UT WOS:000257004800008 ER PT J AU Paul, DR Kramer, M Stote, KS Spears, KE Moshfegh, AJ Baer, DJ Rumpler, WV AF Paul, David R. Kramer, Matthew Stote, Kim S. Spears, Karen E. Moshfegh, Alanna J. Baer, David J. Rumpler, William V. TI Estimates of adherence and error analysis of physical activity data collected via accelerometry in a large study of free-living adults SO BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; TOTAL-ENERGY EXPENDITURE; BODY-COMPOSITION; SELF-REPORT; HEALTH; CHILDREN; WOMEN; HUMANS; VALIDATION; ISSUES AB Background: Activity monitors (AM) are small, electronic devices used to quantify the amount and intensity of physical activity (PA). Unfortunately, it has been demonstrated that data loss that occurs when AMs are not worn by subjects (removals during sleeping and waking hours) tend to result in biased estimates of PA and total energy expenditure (TEE). No study has reported the degree of data loss in a large study of adults, and/or the degree to which the estimates of PA and TEE are affected. Also, no study in adults has proposed a methodology to minimize the effects of AM removals. Methods: Adherence estimates were generated from a pool of 524 women and men that wore AMs for 13 -15 consecutive days. To simulate the effect of data loss due to AM removal, a reference dataset was first compiled from a subset consisting of 35 highly adherent subjects (24 HR; minimum of 20 hrs/day for seven consecutive days). AM removals were then simulated during sleep and between one and ten waking hours using this 24 HR dataset. Differences in the mean values for PA and TEE between the 24 HR reference dataset and the different simulations were compared using paired t- tests and/or coefficients of variation. Results: The estimated average adherence of the pool of 524 subjects was 15.8 +/- 3.4 hrs/day for approximately 11.7 +/- 2.0 days. Simulated data loss due to AM removals during sleeping hours in the 24 HR database (n = 35), resulted in biased estimates of PA (p < 0.05), but not TEE. Losing as little as one hour of data from the 24 HR dataset during waking hours results in significant biases (p < 0.0001) and variability (coefficients of variation between 7 and 21%) in the estimates of PA. Inserting a constant value for sleep and imputing estimates for missing data during waking hours significantly improved the estimates of PA. Conclusion: Although estimated adherence was good, measurements of PA can be improved by relatively simple imputation of missing AM data. C1 [Paul, David R.; Stote, Kim S.; Spears, Karen E.; Baer, David J.; Rumpler, William V.] ARS, USDA, Diet & Human Performance Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Paul, David R.] Univ Idaho, Dept Hlth Phys Educ Recreat & Dance, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna J.] ARS, USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Paul, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Diet & Human Performance Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, 307B Ctr Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dpaul@uidaho.edu; Matthew.Kramer@ars.usda.gov; Kim.Stote@ars.usda.gov; kspears@cabnr.unr.edu; Alanna.Moshfegh@ars.usda.gov; David.Baer@ars.usda.gov; Bill.Rumpler@ars.usda.gov RI Schmoelz, Camilie/D-1707-2012 OI Schmoelz, Camilie/0000-0003-2221-9954 NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2288 J9 BMC MED RES METHODOL JI BMC Med. Res. Methodol. PD JUN 9 PY 2008 VL 8 AR 38 DI 10.1186/1471-2288-8-38 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 323KA UT WOS:000257443800001 PM 18541038 ER PT J AU Chen, JC Civerolo, EL AF Chen, Jianchi Civerolo, Edwin L. TI Morphological evidence for phages in Xylella fastidiosa SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLUM LEAF SCALD; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TWITCHING MOTILITY; BACTERIA; STRAINS; DISEASE; BACTERIOPHAGES; SEQUENCE AB Presumptive phage particles associated with Xylella fastidiosa strain Temecula-1 grown in PW broth were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in ultrathin sections of bacterial cell-containing low speed centrifugation pellets and in partially purified preparations from CsCl equilibrium centrifugation density gradients. Ultrathin-sectioned cell pellets contained icosahedral particles of about 45 nm in diameter. Samples collected from CsCl density gradients revealed mostly non-tailed icosahedral but also tailed particles. The icosahedral particles could be divided into two types: a large type (about 45 nm) and a small type (about 30 nm). Filamentous phage-like particles (17 x 120 to 6,300 nm) were also observed. The presence of different types of phage-like particles resembling to those in several bacteriophage families provides new physical evidence, in addition to X. fastidiosa genomic information, that X. fastidiosa possesses active phages. This is the first report of phage particles released in X. fastidiosa cultures. C1 [Chen, Jianchi; Civerolo, Edwin L.] Agr Res Serv, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Chen, JC (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM jianchi.chen@ars.usda.gov; edwin.civerolo@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 6 PY 2008 VL 5 AR 75 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-5-75 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 319KA UT WOS:000257161300003 PM 18538030 ER PT J AU Prena, J AF Prena, Jens TI A synopsis of the orchid weevil genus Orchidophilus Buchanan (Curculionidae, Baridinae), with taxonomic rectifications and description of one new species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE weevils; orchids; adventive species; Orchidophilus; review; taxonomy; nomenclature; distribution AB Six species of the weevil genus Orchidophilus Buchanan are recognized: O. epidendri (Murray) comb. n. (= Acythopeus genuinus Pascoe syn. n., = Baris orchivora Blackburn syn. n., = Apotomorhinus orchidearum Kolbe syn. n.), O. aterrimus (Waterhouse), O. eburifer (Pascoe) comb. n. (= Acythopeus gilvonotatus Barber syn. n.), O. peregrinator Buchanan, O. ran Morimoto and O. insidiosus Prena sp. n. These species appear to be native to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore but are dispersed frequently with orchid cultivars by global trade. Orchidophilus aterrimus has been intercepted most frequently and now is established in several Indo-Pacific regions outside its native range. Nearly as common as, and occasionally confused with, the former is O. epidendri. Orchidophilus ran is of some significance in Japan and Korea, while O. peregrinator, O. eburifer and O. insidiosus were intercepted occasionally at scattered locations before 1970. An identification key for the six species is provided. Lectotypes are designated for Baridius aterrimus Waterhouse, Acythopeus genuinus Pascoe, Baris orchivora Blackburn and Apotomorhinus orchidearum Kolbe; a neotype is designated for Centrinus epidendri Murray. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Prena, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM jens.prena@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 6 PY 2008 IS 1783 BP 18 EP 30 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 311ZD UT WOS:000256638000002 ER PT J AU Woodley, NE Arnaud, PH AF Woodley, Norman E. Arnaud, Paul H., Jr. TI Lobomyia neotropica, a new genus and species of Tachinidae (Diptera) from the Neotropical Region SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Tachinidae; Lobomyia neotropica; new genus; new species; Neotropical Region AB A new genus and species, Lobomyia neotropica gen. nov., sp. nov., (Diptera: Tachinidae) is described from material from Colombia (type locality), Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Trinidad. The Colombian material was reared from Glena bisulca Rindge (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a defoliator of introduced cypress trees. Costa Rican material was reared from several species of Lepidoptera: Notodontidae. C1 [Woodley, Norman E.] USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst NHB 168, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Arnaud, Paul H., Jr.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. RP Woodley, NE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst NHB 168, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM norman.woodley@ars.usda.gov; parnaud@calacademy.org RI Woodley, Norman/M-6160-2014 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 6 PY 2008 IS 1783 BP 31 EP 39 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 311ZD UT WOS:000256638000003 ER PT J AU Wechter, WP Levi, A Harris, KR Davis, AR Fei, ZJ Katzir, N Giovannoni, JJ Salman-Minkov, A Hernandez, A Thimmapuram, J Tadmor, Y Portnoy, V Trebitsh, T AF Wechter, W. Patrick Levi, Amnon Harris, Karen R. Davis, Angela R. Fei, Zhangjun Katzir, Nurit Giovannoni, James J. Salman-Minkov, Ayelet Hernandez, Alvaro Thimmapuram, Jyothi Tadmor, Yaakov Portnoy, Vitaly Trebitsh, Tova TI Gene expression in developing watermelon fruit SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION; CELL-WALL; NONCLIMACTERIC FRUIT; CITRULLUS-LANATUS; DNA MICROARRAYS; GRAPE BERRY; TOMATO; ETHYLENE; PLANT; STRAWBERRY AB Background: Cultivated watermelon form large fruits that are highly variable in size, shape, color, and content, yet have extremely narrow genetic diversity. Whereas a plethora of genes involved in cell wall metabolism, ethylene biosynthesis, fruit softening, and secondary metabolism during fruit development and ripening have been identified in other plant species, little is known of the genes involved in these processes in watermelon. A microarray and quantitative Real- Time PCR- based study was conducted in watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai var. lanatus] in order to elucidate the flow of events associated with fruit development and ripening in this species. RNA from three different maturation stages of watermelon fruits, as well as leaf, were collected from field grown plants during three consecutive years, and analyzed for gene expression using high- density photolithography microarrays and quantitative PCR. Results: High- density photolithography arrays, composed of probes of 832 EST- unigenes from a subtracted, fruit development, cDNA library of watermelon were utilized to examine gene expression at three distinct time- points in watermelon fruit development. Analysis was performed with field- grown fruits over three consecutive growing seasons. Microarray analysis identified three hundred and thirty-five unique ESTs that are differentially regulated by at least two-fold in watermelon fruits during the early, ripening, or mature stage when compared to leaf. Of the 335 ESTs identified, 211 share significant homology with known gene products and 96 had no significant matches with any database accession. Of the modulated watermelon ESTs related to annotated genes, a significant number were found to be associated with or involved in the vascular system, carotenoid biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, pathogen and stress response, and ethylene biosynthesis. Ethylene bioassays, performed with a closely related watermelon genotype with a similar phenotype, i. e. seeded, bright red flesh, dark green rind, etc., determined that ethylene levels were highest during the green fruit stage followed by a decrease during the white and pink fruit stages. Additionally, quantitative Real-Time PCR was used to validate modulation of 127 ESTs that were differentially expressed in developing and ripening fruits based on array analysis. Conclusion: This study identified numerous ESTs with putative involvement in the watermelon fruit developmental and ripening process, in particular the involvement of the vascular system and ethylene. The production of ethylene during fruit development in watermelon gives further support to the role of ethylene in fruit development in non-climacteric fruits. C1 [Wechter, W. Patrick; Levi, Amnon; Harris, Karen R.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. [Davis, Angela R.] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK USA. [Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] ARS, USDA, Robert Holly Ctr, Ithaca, NY USA. [Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Katzir, Nurit; Tadmor, Yaakov; Portnoy, Vitaly] Agr Res Org, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Salman-Minkov, Ayelet; Trebitsh, Tova] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Life Sci, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Hernandez, Alvaro; Thimmapuram, Jyothi] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC USA. EM Pat.Wechter@ars.usda.gov; Amnon.Levi@ars.usda.gov; Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov; adavis-usda@lane-ag.org; zf25@cornell.edu; katzirn@volcani.agri.gov.il; jjg33@cornell.edu; salmanay@bgu.ac.il; Aghermam@uiuc.edu; Jyothit@uiuc.edu; tadmory@volcani.agri.gov.il; portnoyv@volcani.agri.gov.il; trebitsh@bgu.ac.il NR 60 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 5 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 275 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-9-275 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 322DW UT WOS:000257356400002 PM 18534026 ER PT J AU Nichols, NN Sharma, LN Mowery, RA Chambliss, CK van Walsum, GP Dien, BS Iten, LB AF Nichols, Nancy N. Sharma, Lekh N. Mowery, Richard A. Chambliss, C. Kevin van Walsum, G. Peter Dien, Bruce S. Iten, Loren B. TI Fungal metabolism of fermentation inhibitors present in corn stover dilute acid hydrolysate SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lignocellulose; biomass; detoxification; fermentation inhibitors; furan metabolism ID ETHANOLOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; DETOXIFICATION; GROWTH; PRETREATMENT; DEGRADATION; CONVERSION; TOLERANCE; LACCASE AB Use of agricultural residues for ethanol production requires pretreatment of the material to facilitate release of sugars. Physical-chemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass can, however, give rise to side-products that may be toxic to fermenting microorganisms and hinder utilization of sugars obtained from biomass. Potentially problematic compounds include furan aldehydes formed by degradation of sugars, organic acids released from hemicellulose side-groups, and aldehydes and phenolics released from lignin. A fungal isolate, Coniochaeta ligniaria NRRL30616, metabolizes furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as well as aromatic and aliphatic acids and aldehydes. NRRL30616 grew in corn stover dilute-acid hydrolysate, and converted furfural to both furfuryl alcohol and furoic acid. Hydrolysate was inoculated with NRRL30616, and the fate of pretreatment side-products was followed in a time-course study. A number of aromatic and aliphatic acids, aldehydes, and phenolic compounds were quantitated by analytical extraction of corn stover hydrolysate, followed by HPLC-UV-MS/MS analysis. Compounds representing all of the classes of inhibitory side-products were removed during the course of fungal growth. Biological abatement of hydrolysates using C. ligniaria improved xylose utilization in subsequent ethanol fermentations. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nichols, Nancy N.; Dien, Bruce S.; Iten, Loren B.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, Lekh N.; Mowery, Richard A.; Chambliss, C. Kevin] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [van Walsum, G. Peter] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Nichols, NN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM nancy.nichols@ars.usda.gov OI Chambliss, Kevin/0000-0003-3888-6890; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 23 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 5 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD JUN 5 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 7 BP 624 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.02.008 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 312AB UT WOS:000256640400014 ER PT J AU Patil, DR Fanta, GF Felker, FC Salch, JH AF Patil, Damodar R. Fanta, George F. Felker, Frederick C. Salch, John H. TI Application of hydrophilic starch-based coatings on polyethylene surfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE coatings; composites; polysaccharides; surfaces ID ADHESION; FILM AB Coatings were applied to polyethylene (PE) film surfaces by spraying formulations prepared from a jet cooked dispersion of waxy cornstarch, a water-born epoxy resin, a wax emulsion, and a fluorinated surfactant. The air-dried coatings were comprised of discontinuous areas of polymer that adhered tightly to the PE surface. Although the starch component separated rapidly from the coating when the film was placed in water at room temperature, heating the coated film for 24 h at 80 degrees C increased the adhesion of starch and produced a surface coating that remained uniformly wet when the film was placed in water. Most of the starch, however, could be still be removed by gently rubbing the wet surface. If melamineformaldehyde resin was added to the formulation as a crosslinking agent for starch, and the coated film was then heated for 24 h at 80 degrees C, most of the starch remained bonded to the wet coating, even after the surface was gently rubbed. Identification of successful spray application techniques and formulations will allow the development of commercial production methods for starch-coated PE films and similar products. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Fanta, George F.; Felker, Frederick C.; Salch, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res & Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Un, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Patil, Damodar R.] NanoChem Solut Inc, Bedford Pk, IL USA. RP Felker, FC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res & Cereal Prod & Food Sci Res Un, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM frederick.felker@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 5 PY 2008 VL 108 IS 5 BP 2749 EP 2755 DI 10.1002/app.27525 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 289GN UT WOS:000255043100001 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS Rempel, GL AF Liu, Z. S. Rempel, G. L. TI Ruthenium (II) complexes immobilized on swellable polyacrylate matrices: synthesis and catalytic applications SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ruthenium; swellable polyacrylate matrices; hydrogen transfer hydrogenation; aldehyde; hydrogen donor ID AQUEOUS SODIUM FORMATE; SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS; TRANSFER HYDROGENATION; AROMATIC-ALDEHYDES; SWELLING BEHAVIOR; REDUCTION; RHODIUM AB RuH2(PPh3)(4) has been immobilized on swellable polyacrylate matrices to provide heterogenized carboxylate-derivatives. These swellable polymer supported ruthenium (II) complex catalysts have been used in the transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes. Hydrogen donors are formate salt, cyclohexanol, and benzyl alcohol. The catalysts exhibit good activity for hydrogen transfer reduction of aldehydes. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Liu, Z. S.; Rempel, G. L.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 5 PY 2008 VL 108 IS 5 BP 3262 EP 3269 DI 10.1002/app.27969 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 289GN UT WOS:000255043100063 ER PT J AU Lawenda, BD Kelly, KM Ladas, EJ Sagar, SM Vickers, A Blumberg, JB AF Lawenda, Brian D. Kelly, Kara M. Ladas, Elena J. Sagar, Stephen M. Vickers, Andrew Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Should supplemental antioxidant administration be avoided during chemotherapy and radiation therapy? SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PINEAL HORMONE MELATONIN; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; NECK-CANCER; DOUBLE-BLIND; INDUCED MUCOSITIS; VITAMIN-E; GASTRIC-CANCER; OVARIAN-CANCER AB Despite nearly two decades of research investigating the use of dietary antioxidant supplementation during conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy, controversy remains about the efficacy and safety of this complementary treatment. Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that the concurrent administration of antioxidants with chemotherapy or radiation therapy reduces treatment-related side effects. Some data indicate that antioxidants may protect tumor cells as well as healthy cells from oxidative damage generated by radiation therapy and some chemotherapeutic agents. However, other data suggest that antioxidants can protect normal tissues from chemotherapy- or radiation-induced damage without decreasing tumor control. We review some of the data regarding the putative benefits and potential risks of antioxidant supplementation concurrent with cytotoxic therapy. On the basis of our review of the published randomized clinical trials, we conclude that the use of supplemental antioxidants during chemotherapy and radiation therapy should be discouraged because of the possibility of tumor protection and reduced survival. C1 [Lawenda, Brian D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lawenda, Brian D.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Lawenda, Brian D.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, Breast Hlth Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ladas, Elena J.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Integrat Therapies Program Children Canc, New York, NY USA. [Kelly, Kara M.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Oncol, New York, NY USA. [Sagar, Stephen M.] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Vickers, Andrew] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Vickers, Andrew] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Urol, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr,Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lawenda, BD (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, Breast Hlth Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM brian.lawenda@med.navy.mil OI Vickers, Andrew/0000-0003-1525-6503 NR 92 TC 188 Z9 192 U1 2 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JUN 4 PY 2008 VL 100 IS 11 BP 773 EP 783 DI 10.1093/jnci/djn148 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 310IU UT WOS:000256522900008 PM 18505970 ER EF