FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Cheesbrough, V Rosentrater, KA Visser, J AF Cheesbrough, Vanessa Rosentrater, Kurt A. Visser, Jerry TI Properties of Distillers Grains Composites: A Preliminary Investigation SO JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biofillers; Bioplastics; Composites; Mechanical properties; Physical properties; Testing ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; FLAX FIBER; PART I; BLENDS AB Interest in renewable biofuel sources has intensified in recent years, leading to greatly increased production of ethanol and its primary coproduct, Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS). Consequently, the development of new outlets for DDGS has become crucial to maintaining the economic viability of the industry. In light of these developments, this preliminary study aimed to determine the suitability of DDGS for use as a biofiller in low-cost composites that could be produced by rapid prototyping applications. The effects of DDGS content, particle size, curing temperature, and compression on resulting properties, such as flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, water activity, and color were evaluated for two adhesive bases. The composites formed with phenolic resin glue were found to be greatly superior to glue in terms of mechanical strength and durability: resin-based composites had maximum fiber stresses of 150-380 kPa, while glue composites had values between 6 kPa and 35 kPa; additionally, glue composites experienced relatively rapid microbial growth. In the resin composites, both decreased particle size and increased compression resulted in increased mechanical strength, while a moderate DDGS content was found to increase flexural strength but decrease Young's modulus. These results indicate that DDGS has the potential to be used in resin glue-based composites to both improve flexural strength and improve potential biodegradability. C1 [Cheesbrough, Vanessa; Rosentrater, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Visser, Jerry] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Unit, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM krosentr@ngirl.ars.usda.gov; jerry.visser@sdstate.edu OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037 FU South Dakota Corn Utilization Council; USDA-ARS FX We thankfully acknowledge the financial support provided by the South Dakota Corn Utilization Council and the USDA-ARS to conduct this research. Mention of a trade name, propriety product or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the United States Department of Agriculture and does not imply approval of a product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1566-2543 J9 J POLYM ENVIRON JI J. Polym. Environ. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 40 EP 50 DI 10.1007/s10924-008-0083-x PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 382KZ UT WOS:000261606200006 ER PT J AU Ewel, KC AF Ewel, Katherine C. TI Mangrove crab (Scylla serrata) populations may sometimes be best managed locally SO JOURNAL OF SEA RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Meeting on Mangrove Macrobenthos CY JUN 26-30, 2006 CL Coolangatta, AUSTRALIA DE Scylla serrata; mangrove crab; mangrove forests; catch per unit effort; Micronesia; Kosrae ID MUD CRAB; PARAMAMOSAIN AB Mangrove crabs (Scylla serrata) were trapped in summer and fall 2004 at four sites, each in a separate municipality on the Pacific island of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia. Carapace width (CW) of the 219 crabs averaged 15.1 +/- 0.13 cm (SE), slightly larger than the mean size of 221 crabs trapped from the same sites 4 y earlier. Mean CW of the 56 crabs in the upper quartile was 17.5 +/- 0.17 cm (SE). In the current study, both sizes of crabs as well as degree and direction of change in size from summer to winter varied among the municipalities. The average CW of crabs from one municipality was significantly larger than from any of the other municipalities. Average CW of crabs from another municipality decreased from summer to fall. These results suggest that although the island-wide crab population appears to be stable, some municipalities may wish to enact site-specific management policies to obtain a harvest regimen that will meet local needs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ewel, Katherine C.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Ewel, KC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kewel@ufl.edu NR 21 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-1101 J9 J SEA RES JI J. Sea Res. PY 2008 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.seares.2007.06.006 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 269KJ UT WOS:000253647600011 ER PT J AU Gaffer, RL Flanagan, DC Denight, ML Engel, BA AF Gaffer, R. L. Flanagan, D. C. Denight, M. L. Engel, B. A. TI Geographical information system erosion assessment at a military training site SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE geographical information system (GIS); soil erosion precliction; universal soil loss equation; water erosion prediction project; water erosion ID SOIL LOSS EQUATION; FOREST ROADS; WEPP AB US military training facilities often experience significant environmental damage from soil erosion. Much of this erosion occurs on roads and trails created by repeated military vehicle traffic during training operations. If the roads are located on steep slopes or in areas of concentrated runoff, soil loss can be accelerated. A geographical information system software package and a modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) were used to estimate erosion potential at Camp Atterbury located in south-central Indiana. Geospatial interface to the Water Erosion Prediction Project model (GeoWEPP) was also used to estimate soil loss for the camp. Each erosion estimate was overlain with the roads and trails map. Estimated erosion levels on the camp's trafficways with the USLE and GeoWEPP methods were then evaluated with on-site inspections of erosion conditions at Camp Atterbury.A significant correlation was found between predicted and observed erosion for both the modified USLE and GeoWEPP methods.The statistical significance for the USLE and GeoWEPP procedures allows their use in estimating erosion potential for unimproved roads and trails with confidence. C1 [Gaffer, R. L.] Weihe Engineers Inc, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Flanagan, D. C.] USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Denight, M. L.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. [Engel, B. A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Gaffer, RL (reprint author), Weihe Engineers Inc, Indianapolis, IN USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200018 ER PT J AU Steiner, JL AF Steiner, Jean L. TI Answers and analysis needed to guide the use of biofuels as a renewable energy source SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Steiner, Jean L.] USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Steiner, Jean L.] Soil & Water Conservat Soc, Ankeny, IA USA. RP Steiner, JL (reprint author), USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Oklahoma City, OK USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 7A EP 7A DI 10.2489/63.1.7A PG 1 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200006 ER PT J AU Zhang, XC Liu, WZ AF Zhang, Xunchan (John) Liu, W. -Z. TI US-China collaboration on conservation SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT News Item C1 [Zhang, Xunchan (John)] USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, El Reno, OK USA. [Liu, W. -Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, XC (reprint author), USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, El Reno, OK USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 22A EP 23A DI 10.2489/jswc.63.1.22A PG 2 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200013 ER PT J AU Pote, DH Daniel, TC AF Pote, Daniel H. Daniel, Tommy C. TI Managing pine straw harvests to minimize soil and water losses SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Pote, Daniel H.] USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Booneville, AR USA. [Daniel, Tommy C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Pote, DH (reprint author), USDA, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Booneville, AR USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 27A EP 28A PG 2 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200017 ER PT J AU Li, S Lobb, DA Lindstrom, MJ Farenhorst, A AF Li, S. Lobb, D. A. Lindstrom, M. J. Farenhorst, A. TI Patterns of water and tillage erosion on topographically complex landscapes in the North American Great Plains SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE landscape segmentation; soil erosion; tillage erosion; water erosion ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; PRECISION CONSERVATION; SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO; REDISTRIBUTION; TRANSLOCATION; SEGMENTATION; NITROGEN; CANADA; MODELS; CS-137 AB Two field sites located in the northern region of the North American Great Plains were examined to investigate the contributions of water and tillage erosion towards total soil erosion in topographically complex landscapes (hummocky and undulating landscapes). Results indicated that both water and tillage erosion contributed substantially to total erosion in the undulating landscape while tillage erosion dominated in the hummocky landscape. The patterns of water, tillage and total soil erosion can be predicted using landscape segmentation in such landscapes. Soil properties and crop yield are also related to soil erosion. Landscape segmentation can be used as a simple tool to more easily represent the spatial variability of soil erosion and affected biophysical processes such as crop production, nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emission and pesticide fate, and to target soil conservation practices toward the most intensive erosion processes on given landform elements. C1 [Lobb, D. A.; Farenhorst, A.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Lindstrom, M. J.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 20 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200022 ER PT J AU Boyer, DG AF Boyer, D. G. TI Assessment of a sinkhole filter for removing agricultural contaminants SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE fecal coliforms; filtration; karst; nitrate; sinkhole management ID BACTERIAL WATER-QUALITY; KARST GROUNDWATER; NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; HERBICIDES; AQUIFER; IMPACTS AB The impact on water quality by agricultural activity in karst terrain is an important consideration for resource management within the Appalachian Region. Three USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service-designed sinkhole filters for removing contaminants from manure-impacted infiltrating water were assessed for removal efficiency of indicator bacteria and nitrate. Geometric mean fecal coliform bacteria concentrations decreased 85% to 96%. Mean nitrate concentrations increased 130% at two of the filter locations. The sinkhole filters probably filtered out sediment and associated contaminants, such as fecal coliform bacteria, but had no filtering effect on solutes like nitrate. Nitrate concentrations might have increased because of nitrification in the filter media between runoff events. The sinkhole filter appears to be an effective management tool in order to reduce inputs of pathogens to karst groundwater aquifers. C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Boyer, DG (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.2489/jswc.63.1.47 PG 6 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 253KX UT WOS:000252518200023 ER PT J AU Tsang, TWM Kohn, M Chow, CM Singh, MF AF Tsang, Tracey Wai Man Kohn, Michael Chow, Chin Moi Singh, Maria Fiatarone TI Health benefits of Kung Fu: A systematic review SO JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Martial arts; Wushu; physiological benefits; exercise ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MARTIAL ARTS; EXERCISE; RESPONSES; RELIABILITY; INJURIES; OUTCOMES; FITNESS; IMPACT; ADULTS AB The Chinese martial arts (Kung Fu) have existed for centuries and are generally accepted as being beneficial for health without much empirical data. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the health effects of hard Kung Fu styles by performing electronic and manual searches of the literature. The aspects of health and the Kung Fu style examined varied between most studies; in some cases, the martial art group consisted of practitioners of other martial art styles also. Of 2103 references identified, only nine papers were eligible and reviewed. All were observational studies, observing a range of health aspects possibly related to Kung Fu training or performance. Our findings suggest that there is no evidence that Kung Fu practice is associated with the prevention or treatment of any health condition. However, as a moderate- to high-intensity form of aerobic exercise, it may confer benefits similar to those attributed to other aerobic training modalities. However, this hypothesis remains to be tested in clinical trials. Physiological benefits (e.g., aerobic capacity and bone density) may be associated with long-term Kung Fu practice. Future research in this area should adopt experimental designs, clearly identifying eligibility criteria, testing and training protocols, and include health-related outcomes and documentation of adverse events, to advance knowledge in this field. C1 [Tsang, Tracey Wai Man] Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Fac Hlth Sci, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. [Kohn, Michael] Childrens Hosp, Ctr Res Adolescent Hlth, Westmead, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Tsang, TWM (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Fac Hlth Sci, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. EM ttsa6920@mail.usyd.edu.au RI Tsang, Tracey/J-4399-2012; Chow, Chin Moi/B-2971-2013 OI Tsang, Tracey/0000-0002-3753-5506; Chow, Chin Moi/0000-0001-9916-9882 FU The University of Sydney; The Children's Hospital at Westmead FX The authors would like to thank the library staff at The University of Sydney, Australia, for their part in responding to inter-library loan requests by the primary author. The printing and photocopying of articles was funded in part by The University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, and the primary author. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-0414 J9 J SPORT SCI JI J. Sports Sci. PY 2008 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1249 EP 1267 DI 10.1080/02640410802155146 PG 19 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 359MD UT WOS:000259990000002 PM 18803067 ER PT J AU Freeman, EA Moisen, G AF Freeman, Elizabeth A. Moisen, Gretchen TI PresenceAbsence: An R package for presence absence analysis SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE binary classification; ROC; AUC; sensitivity; specificity; threshold; species distribution models; diagnostic tests ID HABITAT MODELS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; PERFORMANCE; ACCURACY; CURVE; AREA AB The PresenceAbsence package for R provides a set of functions useful when evaluating the results of presence-absence analysis, for example, models of species distribution or the analysis of diagnostic tests. The package provides a toolkit for selecting the optimal threshold for translating a probability surface into presence-absence maps specifically tailored to their intended use. The package includes functions for calculating threshold dependent measures such as confusion matrices, percent correctly classified (PCC), sensitivity, specificity, and Kappa, and produces plots of each measure as the threshold is varied. It also includes functions to plot the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve and calculates the associated area under the curve (AUC), a threshold independent measure of model quality. Finally, the package computes optimal thresholds by multiple criteria, and plots these optimized thresholds on the graphs. C1 [Freeman, Elizabeth A.; Moisen, Gretchen] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Freeman, EA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mountain Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM eafreeman@fs.fed.us NR 34 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 19 PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE PI LOS ANGELES PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1554 USA SN 1548-7660 J9 J STAT SOFTW JI J. Stat. Softw. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 11 BP 1 EP 31 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 254XA UT WOS:000252620100001 ER PT J AU Crookston, NL Finley, AO AF Crookston, Nicholas L. Finley, Andrew O. TI yaImpute: An R package for kNN imputation SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE multivariate; imputation; Mahalanobis; random forests; correspondence analysis; canonical correlation; independent component analysis; most similar neighbor; gradient nearest neighbor; mapping predictions ID VECTOR QUANTIZATION; NEIGHBOR; ALGORITHM; DENSITY; AREA AB This article introduces yaImpute, an R package for nearest neighbor search and imputation. Although nearest neighbor imputation is used in a host of disciplines, the methods implemented in the yaImpute package are tailored to imputation-based forest attribute estimation and mapping. The impetus to writing the yaImpute is a growing interest in nearest neighbor imputation methods for spatially explicit forest inventory, and a need within this research community for software that facilitates comparison among different nearest neighbor search algorithms and subsequent imputation techniques. yaImpute provides directives for defining the search space, subsequent distance calculation, and imputation rules for a given number of nearest neighbors. Further, the package offers a suite of diagnostics for comparison among results generated from different imputation analyses and a set of functions for mapping imputation results. C1 [Crookston, Nicholas L.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Crookston, NL (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ncrookston@fs.fed.us; finleya@msu.edu NR 27 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE PI LOS ANGELES PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1554 USA SN 1548-7660 J9 J STAT SOFTW JI J. Stat. Softw. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 10 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 252FI UT WOS:000252432000001 ER PT J AU Silhacek, D Murphy, C AF Silhacek, D. Murphy, C. TI Moisture content in a wheat germ diet and its effect on the growth of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE moisture; wheat germ; diet; growth; Plodia interpunctella ID INDIAN MEAL MOTH AB The growth rate of Plodia interpunctella larvae feeding on wheat germ was highly dependent upon the water content in the diet. The water content in a cereal diet is established by the hygroscopicity of the dietary components and the relative humidity (r.h.) in the equilibrating atmosphere. The larval growth rates on wheat germ increased with corresponding increases in r.h. over the range of 40-85%. Similar changes in r.h. had a measurable, albeit minimal, impact on the time required for embryonic development and egg hatch. The water content of wheat germ was further increased by supplementing the germ with the humectant, glycerol. The larval growth rate increased with each incremental increase in dietary water content irrespective of whether it resulted from increases in r.h. or glycerol. However, glycerol supplementation provided an additional boost to the growth rate that was in addition to and distinct from the dietary water increase. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Silhacek, D.; Murphy, C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Silhacek, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM dsilhacek@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 1 BP 36 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2006.03.004 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 253JK UT WOS:000252514300005 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH Campbell, JF AF Arthur, Frank H. Campbell, James F. TI Distribution and efficacy of pyrethrin aerosol to control Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) in food storage facilities SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aerosols; tribolium; control; storage ID STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; FLOUR BEETLES COLEOPTERA; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; DIATOMACEOUS-EARTH; GRAIN ELEVATORS; DICHLORVOS; TOXICITY; RESIDUES; POPULATIONS; WAREHOUSES AB A field test was conducted whereby adult Tribolium confusum (du Val), the confused flour beetle, were exposed in Petri dishes lined with filter paper and containing 0-2000 mg of flour, to a pyrethrin-CO2 aerosol inside an empty warehouse. Applications were made according to label directions, and beetles were exposed to the aerosol for 2 h. After exposure, knockdown was assessed, and beetles were held for 2 weeks either in the same Petri dishes in which they were exposed or transferred with the flour to new Petri dishes lined with clean filter paper. Resident insect populations inside the test warehouse and outside were assessed through the use of pheromone traps. Virtually all beetles were knocked down at the time of removal from the exposure environment. Recovery from knockdown, or survival, increased with the presence of flour, and varied depending on the position of the exposure dishes inside the warehouse. Survival was also greater for beetles transferred along with the exposed flour to new Petri dishes lined with unexposed filter paper, compared to beetles that were held with the flour and the Petri dish that was exposed to the aerosol. Inside the warehouse, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), the Indian meal moth, and Trogoderma variabile Ballion, the warehouse beetle, were the major species collected in pheromone traps. Large numbers of T variabile were captured outside the warehouse, but their numbers declined during the study, while captures of P. interpunctella outside remained relatively constant. The intermittent aerosol treatments did not seem to affect these resident populations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, Frank H.; Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS, Grains Marketing & Product Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grains Marketing & Product Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 NR 26 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 1 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2007.04.001 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 253JK UT WOS:000252514300009 ER PT J AU Arthur, FH AF Arthur, Frank H. TI Efficacy of chlorfenapyr against Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) adults exposed on concrete, vinyl tile, and plywood surfaces SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tribolium; Chlorfenapyr; treated surfaces; efficacy ID FLOUR BEETLES COLEOPTERA; CYFLUTHRIN WETTABLE POWDER; STORED-PRODUCT BEETLES; GERMAN-COCKROACH DICTYOPTERA; SHORT-TIME INTERVALS; DIATOMACEOUS-EARTH; RESIDUAL EFFICACY; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; GRAIN PROTECTANT; INSECTICIDES AB The insecticidal pyrrole chlorfenapyr was applied to concrete, vinyl tile, and plywood surfaces, at an application rate of 1.1 g Al m(-2) Adult Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, and adult Tribolium confusum (Du Val), the confused flour beetle, were exposed for 2 and 4 h, removed, and held without food for 7 d post-exposure. All beetles survived the initial exposures, but survival of both species decreased during the 7-d holding period, with T confusum being the more susceptible species. Survival was generally lower on concrete than on tile or plywood, and was greatly reduced on all three surfaces after 4 h of exposure compared to 2 h. Survival of T castanetan after 2 h of exposure on concrete, tile, and plywood was 2.5 +/- 2.5%, 25.5 +/- 15.4%, and 40.0 +/- 7.1%, respectively, after 7 d. In contrast, all T confusum exposed on concrete and tile were dead after 4 and 5 d, respectively, while survival on plywood after 7 d was 20.0 +/- 16.8 %. After 4 h of exposure, all T. castaneum and T confusum exposed on concrete and tile were dead after 2-4 d post-exposure, while survival on plywood after 7 d was 41.5 +/- 6.4% and 0 for each species, respectively. Non-linear and linear regressions were fit to the data for both species. Results show exposure to chlorfenapyr is effective against T castaneum and T confusum, but efficacy will vary depending on the surface substrate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2007.08.005 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 284CM UT WOS:000254682800006 ER PT J AU Chanbang, Y Arthur, FH Wilde, GE Throne, JE AF Chanbang, Y. Arthur, F. H. Wilde, G. E. Throne, J. E. TI Hull characteristics as related to susceptibility of different varieties of rough rice to Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera : Bostrichidae) SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rhyzopertha dominica; Dobie index; rough rice; bioassay; host plant resistance ID POST-HARVEST INFESTATION; GRAIN BORER COLEOPTERA; RESISTANCE; WHEAT; CURCULIONIDAE; GELECHIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; TRITICALE; MOTHS AB Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), an important pest of stored grains, causes economic damage to rough rice through physical damage to the kernel, resulting in reductions in grain quality. In this test, 28 varieties of commercial rough rice (10 long grain, 11 medium grain, and 7 short grain) were examined for solid, split and cracked hulls, hull thickness, and adult emergence from neonate R. dominica introduced on each individual variety. The percentage of solid hulls ranged from 55.5% on Koshihikari variety to 92.8% on Akita variety, and the percentages of cracked and split hulls were correlated with increased susceptibility. The Dobie index for progeny production showed Wells, Jupiter, and Pirogue varieties as the most tolerant to R. dominica, while Rico and Francis were the most susceptible. The hull thickness of rough rice varied among varieties, but the tolerant varieties appeared to have thicker hulls than the susceptible varieties. There was no difference among rice types (long-, medium-, or short grain) regarding tolerance or susceptibility to R. dominica. Results show that the characteristics of the rough rice hull are important for conferring susceptibility of individual varieties to R. dominica (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Arthur, F. H.; Throne, J. E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Chanbang, Y.] Chiang Mai Univ, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. [Wilde, G. E.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 205 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2007.10.003 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 326FE UT WOS:000257642900001 ER PT J AU Park, SH Arthur, FH Bean, SR Schober, TJ AF Park, Seok-Ho Arthur, Frank H. Bean, Scott R. Schober, Tilman J. TI Impact of differing population levels of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) on milling and physicochemical properties of sorghum kernel and flour SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE sorghum; Rhyzopertha dominica; susceptibility; kafirin content; pasting property; milling property ID LESSER GRAIN BORER; INSECT INFESTATION; CEREAL-GRAINS; CELIAC-DISEASE; WEIGHT-LOSS; AELIA-SPP.; WHEAT; BOSTRICHIDAE; COLEOPTERA; QUALITY AB The effects of different population levels of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), the lesser grain borer, on physiochemical properties of sorghum kernels and flour, were investigated through a laboratory study at 27 and 32 degrees C, and 57% relative humidity. Initial population level and temperature, and their interaction, were significant for the number of F-1 progeny and feeding damage (P < 0.01). A strong positive correlation was also found between initial population size, number of F-1 progeny, percentage of insect-damaged kernels (IDKs) and feeding damage. The impact of R. dominica on the milling quality of sorghum was seen through a reduction in abrasive hardness, milling yield, and kafirin content. Initial population and temperature affected most pasting properties, and overall pasting viscosity increased with initial population, number of F-1 progeny, and percentage of IDK at 32 degrees C. Results show that R. dominica can potentially impact the milling quality of sorghum and also alter the physicochemical properties of sorghum flour. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Park, Seok-Ho; Arthur, Frank H.; Bean, Scott R.; Schober, Tilman J.] ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Park, SH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM seokho.park@ars.usda.gov OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU USDA-ARS-Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, Manhattan, KS FX We thank Brian Ioerger at the USDA-ARS-Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, Manhattan, KS, for excellent technical assistance during the course of this project. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 4 BP 322 EP 327 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2008.02.008 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 357FA UT WOS:000259830500004 ER PT J AU Jia, F Toewsbi, MD Campbell, JF Ramaswamy, SB AF Jia, Fengyou Toewsbi, Michael D. Campbell, James F. Ramaswamy, Sonny B. TI Survival and reproduction of lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera : Bostrichidae) on flora associated with native habitats in Kansas SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rhyzopertha dominica; lesser grain borer; alternative hosts; wood; seeds; acorns ID FLIGHT ACTIVITY; SOUTHERN BENIN; WHEAT; INSECTS; FOREST; IMMIGRATION; PHEROMONES; ELEVATORS; RESPONSES; STORES AB Capture of Rhyzopertha dominica in pheromone-baited traps located many kilometers away from grain storage suggests that this species may be exploiting non-grain food sources. To investigate the potential for survival of this species on alternative hosts in the absence of grain, we conducted no-choice feeding assays with twigs and seeds of trees, and seeds of grasses, forbs, and shrubs, commonly encountered on Kansas prairie landscapes where R. dominica has been captured. In addition, R. dominica development and progeny production were assessed on seeds that adults were able to survive on for at least two weeks. Adult survival was poor on grass and forb seeds, although 13.4% of individuals survived on Elymus canadensis, Canada wildrye, seeds after two weeks, compared with 80.3% on Triticum aestivum, wheat, and 0.0% survival in the absence of food. Beetles readily tunneled into twigs from a wide range of tree species, but survival was generally low. A few individuals survived up to four weeks on Gleditsia triacanthos, honey locust. In contrast, bioassays showed that R. dominica could survive and reproduce on damaged seeds (acorns) of six species of oak, but not on undamaged seeds. For example, survival was 95.8% on damaged Quercus muehlenbergii, chinquapin oak. A survey of acorns at the original field collection site showed that the majority of the acorns on the ground had been cracked or bored into by insects and small mammals. Furthermore, we recovered three R. dominica adults from acorns collected in the field and held in sealed containers in the laboratory. These findings suggest that R. dominica populations in Kansas can persist on wild acorns when grain is not available. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jia, Fengyou; Ramaswamy, Sonny B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Toewsbi, Michael D.; Campbell, James F.] ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Jia, F (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jia@ksu.edu RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 FU USDA RAMP [2005-51101-02358] FX The research was supported in part by USDA RAMP Grant 2005-51101-02358. We thank Phil Sloderbeck and Jim Nechols for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture or Kansas State University. This is Contribution No. 08-77-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 4 BP 366 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2008.06.001 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 357FA UT WOS:000259830500011 ER PT J AU Eller, FJ Taylor, SL Compton, DL Laszlo, JA Palmquist, DE AF Eller, F. J. Taylor, S. L. Compton, D. L. Laszlo, J. A. Palmquist, D. E. TI Counter-current liquid carbon dioxide purification of a model reaction mixture SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE liquid carbon dioxide; counter-current fractionation; soybean oil; ethyl ferulate; fatty acid ethyl ester; SoyScreen (TM) ID LIPASE-CATALYZED SYNTHESIS; SOYBEAN OIL; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; FRACTIONATION; EXTRACTION; HEXANE; DIACYLGLYCEROLS; TOCOPHEROLS; ENRICHMENT; FERULATE AB The enzymatic reaction of soybean oil (SBO) triacylglycerides (TAGs) with ethyl ferulate (EF) produces the product feruloylated acylglycerols, called SoyScreen (TM) as well as by-product fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs). Both the unreacted EF as well as the by-product FAEEs must be removed from the mixture before the feruloylated acylglycerols can be used as natural sunscreens and/or antioxidants. This research investigated the use of a continuous liquid carbon dioxide (L-CO2) Counter-current fractionation method to purify a model mixture representing the crude enzymatic mixture from the synthesis of SoyScreen (TM). The effect of column length, solvent to feed ratio (STR) and feed rate were examined. Raffinate purity increased with both column length and S:FR. When the feed rate was doubled while the S:FR was held constant, there was essentially no loss of raffinate purity. Using L-CO2 (23-25 degrees C and 11.0 MPa), a 120 cm long packed column, a S:FR of ca. 11.9, the raffinate was essentially free of both EF and FAEEs at feed rates of either 0.464 or 0.927 g/min with ca. 90% yield. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USDA, Midwest Area Off, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Eller, FJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Fred.Eller@ARS.USDA.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-8446 J9 J SUPERCRIT FLUID JI J. Supercrit. Fluids PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 510 EP 514 DI 10.1016/j.supflu.2007.07.011 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 236EI UT WOS:000251285400016 ER PT J AU Riday, H Albrecht, KA AF Riday, Heathcliffe Albrecht, Kenneth A. TI Intercropping tropical vine legumes and maize for silage in temperate climates SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE maize silage; intercropping; tropical forage legumes; biomass; moisture; growth rate ID YIELD; CORN; SORGHUM; QUALITY AB Maize silage is used extensively in American dairy rations. Increasing protein content would enhance maize silage quality. This study examined nine forage legume species (Austrian winter pea. common bean, cowpea, lablab. scarlet runner bean, sesbania, sunn hemp, tropical kudzu, and velvet bean) grown in mixture with maize plants in Wisconsin, in the U.S. Plants were evaluated for growth throughout the growing season, harvest forage dry matter content, total dry matter yield. and forage mixture components. Of the forage legumes tested, common bean, lablab, scarlet runner bean, sunn hemp, and velvet bean were most successfully intercropped with maize. The common bean entry was the most aggressive forage legume, comprising 23% on a dry-matter basis of the final harvested forage mixture. The lablab entry, despite a slow start, became more productive during the late growing season and comprised 7.4% on a dry-matter basis of the final harvested forage mixture. Harvested forage moisture ranged from 299 g kg(-1) to 364 kg(-1) of dry matter. Except for the common bean mixture, which had a lower forage dry-matter yield, the mixtures did not differ from one another or the pure maize control for dry-matter accumulation per unit area. Similar to forage dry-matter yields, stover forage mixture fractions were not significantly different among entries, except for the common bean-maize mixture. Grain yields were inversely proportional to the amount of legume present. C1 [Riday, Heathcliffe] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Albrecht, Kenneth A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Riday, H (reprint author), US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA ARS, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM riday@wisc.edu; kaalbrec@facstaff.wisc.edu RI Riday, Heathcliffe/C-6091-2009 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 3 BP 425 EP 438 DI 10.1080/10440040802257280 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 348YC UT WOS:000259245000005 ER PT J AU Moran, PJ Greenberg, SM AF Moran, P. J. Greenberg, S. M. TI Winter cover crops and vinegar for early-season weed control in sustainable cotton SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE acetic acid; black oats; cotton; hairy vetch; pigweed; purslane; Rio Grande Valley; sunflower; Texas; weed cover ID VETCH VICIA-VILLOSA; PIGWEED AMARANTHUS-HYBRIDUS; NO-TILLAGE CORN; ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; ZEA-MAYS; GROWTH; RESISTANCE; HERBICIDES; EXTRACTS AB Weeds may be suppressed by winter cover crops and the use of organic herbicides Such as vinegar. Black oat (Avena strigosa) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) winter cover crops were planted for 2 years as part of a sustainable production system for cotton in the Lower Rio Grande alley of Texas, and were till-killed each spring prior to cotton planting Palmer amaranth (Anzaranthus palmeri), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were frequently-encountered winter and spring weeds. Both cover crops controlled winter weeds as well as did winter tillage without cover. Black oats plots had 8% and 17% more total winter weed cover than no-cover and hairy vetch plots, respectively. Seven weeks after cotton planting, cotton cover was 10% to 15% less in former winter hairy vetch and no-cover sustainable plots than in former black oats plots, but cotton height did not vary by winter cover crop. Total spring weed, pigweed, and purslane cover did not vary between former hairy vetch, black oats, and no-cover plots. All sustainable plots had higher spring weed cover than did conventional plots maintained with cultivation and synthetic herbicides. Breakdowns in the sustainable spring weed management system (withholding of spring cultivation) or insect pest management system (failure of alfalfa strips) led to increases of 60%or more in weed cover in sustainable plots. Cotton lint yield (kg/ha) did not differ between sustainable and conventional weed management systems. When evaluated as a cover crop and weed management tool, vinegar containing 9% acid (1,550 L/ha) reduced live hairy vetch cover to less than 5% in one of two trials, but was not effective as a burndown herbicide on black oats. Vinegar at this concentration (2,980 L/ha) killed > 80% of 30-day-old or younger cotton and Sunflower and 10-day-old Palmer amaranth and purslane in field trials, but caused < 50% mortality to mature Palmer amaranth and purslane. More dilute vinegar solutions (0.9% to 4.5% acid) caused little or no mortality. Black oats and hairy vetch covers controlled winter but not spring weeds in this production system. With more prolonged use, winter covers could become a key spring weed control component in sustainable cotton production. Vinegar could be useful in controlling young weed seedlings in non-crop areas. or as a follow-up to cultivation. C1 [Moran, P. J.; Greenberg, S. M.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Moran, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM Patrick.Moran@ars.usda.gov; Shoil.Greenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 3 BP 483 EP 506 DI 10.1080/10440040802257835 PG 24 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 348YC UT WOS:000259245000008 ER PT J AU Brink, GE Sistani, KR Oldham, JL Kingery, WE Johnson, B AF Brink, G. E. Sistani, K. R. Oldham, J. L. Kingery, W. E. Johnson, B. TI Broiler litter application rate effects on bermudagrass nutrient uptake and phosphorus level of soils differing in application history SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE forage; bermudagrass; broiler litter; nutrient uptake; soil phosphorus ID COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; POULTRY LITTER; NITROGEN; FERTILIZER; MANAGEMENT; REMOVAL; FORAGE; COTTON; YIELD AB The effect of broiler litter application rate on bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] yield and nutrient uptake, and on phosphorus (P) level of two associated soils was studied over three years. Five litter rates (0, 4.48, 8.96, 17.92, and 35.84 Mg ha(-1); on as-is basis) were applied each year to two geographically associated soils: a Ruston fine sandy loam with no history of litter application and a Savannah fine sandy loam with high soil P due to thirty years of application. Annual forage yield and nutrient uptake increased quadtatically in response to application rate. Apparent P recovery averaged 12% on the Ruston soil and 4% on the Savannah soil. Within three years, P levels of both soils were equivalent, indicating that without consideration of litter application rate, P level of even low-P soils can rapidly reach excessive levels. C1 [Brink, G. E.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sistani, K. R.] Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Oldham, J. L.; Kingery, W. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Johnson, B.] Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Newton, MS 39345 USA. RP Brink, GE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM gebrink@wisc.edu NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1300/J064v31n04_06 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 262VQ UT WOS:000253176500004 ER PT J AU Kang, H Shannon, DA Prior, SA Arriaga, FJ AF Kang, H. Shannon, D. A. Prior, S. A. Arriaga, F. J. TI Hedgerow pruning effects on light interception, water relations and yield in alley-cropped maize SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE alley cropping; competition; conductance; mimosa; maize; photosynthetically active radiation; transpiration rate ID SEMIARID AGROFORESTRY; RESOURCE COMPETITION; GLIRICIDIA-SEPIUM; ROOT LENGTH; COWPEA; SYSTEM; SOIL; PERFORMANCE; INTERFACE; LEUCAENA AB In alley cropping, trees and crops compete for light, nutrients, and water. However, there is little information on how hedgerow pruning would impact light interception, water relations, and yield in a maize (Zea mays L.)-mimosa (Albizia julibrissin Durazz) alley-cropping system. Competition between mimosa hedgerows and maize was measured under alley cropping on a compass loam sand in Shorter, AL. Treatments were established in a randomized complete block design and consisted of no pruning or pruning at 30, 30 + 60 and 30 + 90 days after maize planting (DAP) and at 5 cm and 50 cm pruning heights. To minimize competition for nutrients, 199 kg N ha(-1), 9 kg P ha(-1), and 73 kg K ha- I were applied. Reduction in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was assessed periodically. Water status in maize was assessed using a steady state porometer to measure maize leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. PAR was lower in maize rows closest to hedgerows (ROW]) than in second maize rows from hedgerows (ROW2) especially after 60 DAP. After the 90 DAP pruning, 30 + 90 DAP pruning treatment gave significantly lower stomatal conductance (CD) and transpiration rate (TR) in maize leaves than did 30 DAP or 30 + 60 DAP treatments. ROW] had high CD and TR, which suggests greater water loss that might reduce final yields. Pruning increased PAR, maize grain and stover yields compared to no-pruning plots. Pruning twice gave higher grain and stover yields than did no-pruning controls. Pruning at 5 cm height gave higher maize yield than pruning at 50 cm. On average, ROW I had 24% lower yield than did ROW2. Interaction of treatment by row was highly significant. Yield in ROW I was more affected by pruning treatments than in ROW2. After 90 DAP, 30 + 90 DAP pruning treatment had lowest shade, followed by pruning treatment 30 + 60 DAP at 5 cm height. Pruning at 90 DAP and pruning at 5 cm height reduced competition for water and light. Hedgerow pruning can increase light interception and reduce water stress in the maize crop. C1 [Kang, H.] Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [Shannon, D. A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Prior, S. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. RP Kang, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, 155 Res Rd, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. EM kanghua@ufl.edu; shannda@auburn.edu; sprior@ars.usda.gov; farriaga@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 115 EP 137 DI 10.1300/J064v31n04_08 PG 23 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 262VQ UT WOS:000253176500006 ER PT J AU Spiehs, MJ Shurson, GC Johnston, LJ AF Spiehs, Mindy J. Shurson, Gerald C. Johnston, Lee J. TI Effects of two direct-fed microbials on the ability of pigs to resist an infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SO JOURNAL OF SWINE HEALTH AND PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE swine; Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium; direct-fed microbials; food safety; acute phase proteins ID IMMUNE-SYSTEM ACTIVATION; EARLY-WEANED PIGS; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROBIOTIC STRAIN; FEED-EFFICIENCY; SODIUM-CHLORATE; LYSINE NEEDS; SWINE AB Objective: To evaluate the effects of direct-fed microbials (DFMs) containing either Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faecium on the ability of finisher pigs to resist a Salmonella serovar Typhimurium infection. Materials and methods: Forty finishing pigs were used in a 12-day disease challenge study. Dietary treatments included no DFM (Control; 20 pigs), DFM provided in drinking water (E faecium), or DFM provided in feed (Bacillus). Ten Control pigs were not challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium; the remaining 30 pigs were inoculated on Day 0. Fecal samples were cultured for Salmonella Typhimurium on Days 0 to 5, 9, and 12. Serum haptoglobin (Hp), alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP), IgG, and IgM concentrations were measured. Pigs were euthanized on Day 12, and tissue and digesta were tested for presence and numbers of salmonellae. Results: Pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium had looser stools (P < .05), greater fecal shedding of salmonellae on Days 2, 3, 4, and 5 (P < .05), and higher serum Hp concentrations on Day 7 (P < .05) than nonchallenged pigs. Serum AGP, IgG, and IgM concentrations were similar between challenged and nonchallenged pigs on all days. Fecal and tissue concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium and serum Hp, AGP, IgG, and IgM concentrations were similar among challenged groups fed the three dietary treatments. Implications: Under the conditions of this study, DFMs are not effective in reducing prevalence of Salmonella Typhimurium in feces, gastrointestinal contents, or tissues, or decreasing the number of salmonellae shed. C1 [Spiehs, Mindy J.; Shurson, Gerald C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Johnston, Lee J.] Univ Minnesota, W Cent Res & Outreach Ctr, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Spiehs, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NPA US, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mindy.spiehs@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC SWINE VETERINARIANS PI PERRY PA 902 1ST AVE, PERRY, IA 50220-1703 USA SN 1537-209X J9 J SWINE HEALTH PROD JI J. Swine. Health Prod. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 27 EP 36 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 244EV UT WOS:000251850100006 ER PT J AU Rammer, DR Zelinka, SL AF Rammer, Douglas R. Zelinka, Samuel L. TI Analytical determination of the surface area of a threaded fastener SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE corrosion; analytical; fastener; screw; surface area AB Accurate determination of corrosion rates for threaded fasteners hinges on the ability to determine the surface area on which corrosion is occurring. Currently, no general analytical expression of surface area exists for the threaded fastener types. A recent voluntary withdrawal of chromated copper arsenate as the primary, long-standing preservative treatment for wood resulted in the need to determine the corrosion rates of threaded fasteners. This paper developed general analytical surface area equations for a wedge-shaped thread and the area between the threads for three cases: (1) an increasing thread root and crest diameter, (2) constant thread root and crest diameters, and (3) a constant thread root but a decreasing thread crest diameter. The expressions are applied, numerically verified, and compared to simplified models for a No. 10-2.54 cm (1 -in.) long wood screw. C1 [Rammer, Douglas R.; Zelinka, Samuel L.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Rammer, DR (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RI Zelinka, Samuel/A-9198-2009 NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 80 EP 88 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 301JL UT WOS:000255892100010 ER PT J AU Thomas, AL Brauer, DK Sauer, TJ Coggeshall, MV Ellersieck, MR AF Thomas, Andrew L. Brauer, David K. Sauer, Thomas J. Coggeshall, Mark V. Ellersieck, Mark R. TI Cultivar influences early rootstock and scion survival of grafted black walnut SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PLANTATIONS AB Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is being increasingly planted and cultivated in the midwestern USA for the economic potential of both its wood and nuts. Trees that are established for nut production have greater potential for long-term productivity and profit if they are grafted to superior nut-producing cultivars. While numerous productive cultivars have been identified that perform well as scions, advances have not yet been made toward developing superior black walnut rootstocks. Furthermore, very little is known about how various black walnut scion or rootstock cultivars may interact with each other and their environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate early transplant performance of black walnut scion-rootstock combinations at four sites, and to determine which cultivars or cultivar-graft combinations may be best for successful establishment of new plantings. A total of 327 trees comprising 20 different black walnut scion-rootstock graft combinations transplanted at four locations in Missouri (spring 2001) and Arkansas (fall 1999) were selected for analysis. All trees were pre-grafted, and consisted of potted two-year-old seedling rootstocks of known female parentage (open-pollinated seeds from named cultivars), and one-year-old scions of superior, named nut-producing cultivars. Rootstock and scion survival at all sites was assessed in fall 2002. Seedlings from the cultivar 'Kwik-Krop' survived significantly better as rootstocks (83%) than did seedlings from 'Sparrow' (51%), 'Thomas' (57%), and an unimproved nursery-run rootstock (65%), but rootstock source did not affect survival of specific scion cultivars. Among trees on surviving rootstocks, 'Kwik-Krop' scions survived better (96%) than did 'Surprise'(79%) or 'Emma K' (80%) scions. Over the entire range of rootstocks, trees with 'Thomas' scions had better rootstock survival (79%) than 'Sparrow'(63%), 'Kwik-Krop' (63%), and 'Surprise' (53%) scions. These results suggest that rootstock seed source is an important consideration for successful establishment of grafted black walnut plantings, and that scion cultivar might also influence early transplant survival. C1 [Thomas, Andrew L.] Univ Missouri, SW Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO USA. [Brauer, David K.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Boonesville, AR USA. [Sauer, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Coggeshall, Mark V.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO USA. [Ellersieck, Mark R.] Univ Missouri, Agr Expt Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Thomas, AL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, SW Res Ctr, Mt Vernon, MO USA. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 102 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA SN 1527-3741 J9 J AM POMOL SOC JI J. Amer. Pomolog. Soc. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 262EN UT WOS:000253131900001 ER PT J AU Khar, A Jakse, J Havey, MJ AF Khar, Anil Jakse, Jernej Havey, Michael J. TI Segregations for onion bulb colors reveal that red is controlled by at least three loci SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANTHOCYANIDIN SYNTHASE GENE; PCR-BASED MARKER; ALLIUM-CEPA; PINK TRAIT; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; MUTATION; MAP AB Onion (Allium cepa L.) bulb color is controlled by at least five major loci (1, C, G, L, and R) and seedcoat color by one locus (B). The authors developed families segregating for bulb and seedcoat colors, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genomic amplicons of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS). The B and C loci were linked to SSRs on chromosomes I and 6 respectively. For all of three families, SNPs in DFR cosegregated with the R locus conditioning red bulb color. In the family from B2246 x B11159, red bulbs versus yellow bulbs were controlled by DFR and a locus (L2) linked at 6.3 cM to ANS. The authors propose that yellow bulb onions have been independently selected numerous times and that yellow populations carry independent mutations in structural or regulatory genes controlling the production of red bulb color in onion. C1 [Khar, Anil; Jakse, Jernej; Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Khar, Anil] Natl Res Ctr Onion & Garlic, Pune 410505, Maharashtra, India. [Jakse, Jernej] Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu OI Jakse, Jernej/0000-0002-8907-1627; KHAR, ANIL/0000-0002-1972-3300 NR 21 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 1 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 247LH UT WOS:000252080200006 ER PT J AU Simko, I Hu, JG AF Simko, Ivan Hu, Jinguo TI Population structure in cultivated lettuce and its impact on association mapping SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; GENETIC-VARIATION; FLOWERING TIME; COMPLEX TRAITS; SATIVA L.; LACTUCA; RESISTANCE; LOCI AB The association mapping technique is a useful tool for detecting markers linked to the genes underlying the variation of a trait among elite cultivars. To avoid false-positive results due to unrecognized population structure in the analyzed set of individuals, the subpopulations need to be identified. Fifty-four lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars representing five horticultural types important in North America, together with six accessions from two wild species (Lactuca saligna L. and Lactuca serriola L.), were assayed for polymorphism with target region amplified polymorphism (TRAP) marker loci. The model-based clustering approach recognized three main subpopulations in cultivated lettuce that are well separated from wild species. Although the clustering based on molecular markers was generally in good agreement with horticultural types, some cultivars were classified differently or showed mixed origin. The effect of population structure on association mapping was tested on four traits with strong or weak correlation to the lettuce horticultural type and monogenic or polygenic mode of inheritance. Traits that were strongly correlated with lettuce types displayed many false-positive results when population structure was ignored, but the spurious associations disappeared when estimates of population structure or relative kinship (both based on molecular markers) were included in the statistical model. Using of horticultural types as covariate was not sufficient to control for spurious associations in the monogenic trait with strong correlation to lettuce types. The best approach to avoid spurious associations in lettuce association studies is to assess relatedness of accessions with molecular markers and to include this information into the statistical model. C1 [Simko, Ivan] USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Hu, Jinguo] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Simko, I (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM isimko@pw.ars.usda.gov RI Simko, Ivan/J-6048-2012 OI Simko, Ivan/0000-0002-8769-8477 NR 44 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 1 BP 61 EP 68 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 247LH UT WOS:000252080200009 ER PT J AU Reed, SM Jones, KD Rinehart, TA AF Reed, Sandra M. Jones, Keri D. Rinehart, Timothy A. TI Production and characterization of intergeneric hybrids between Dichroa febrifuga and Hydrangea macrophylla SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FERTILE AB The potential of producing an intergeneric hybrid between Dichroa febrifuga Lour. and Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. was investigated. Reciprocal hybridizations were made between a D. febrifuga selection (GUIZ 48) and diploid ('Veitchii') and triploid ('Kardinal' and 'Taube') cultivars of H. macrophylla. Embryo rescue was employed for about one-third of the crosses that produced fruit, and the rest were allowed to mature on the plant and seed-collected and germinated. Reciprocal hybrids, which were verified with simple sequence repeat markers, were produced from both embryo rescue and seed germination and with both diploid and triploid H. macrophylla cultivars. Hybrids were intermediate in appearance between parents, but variability in leaf, inflorescence, and flower size and flower color existed among the hybrids. A somatic chromosome number of 2n = 6x = 108 was tentatively proposed for D. febrifuga GUIZ 48. Chromosome counts and flow-cytometric measurements of nuclear DNA content indicated that some of the hybrids may be aneuploids, but neither analysis was definitive. Although hybrids with H. macrophylla as the pistillate parent did not form pollen-producing anthers, D. febrifuga x H. macrophylla hybrids had normal-appearing anthers that produced abundant pollen. F2 and BC1 progeny were obtained using A febrifuga x 'Veitchii' hybrids. This work documents the first step in an effort to combine desirable horticultural features from D. febrifuga and H. macrophylla. C1 [Reed, Sandra M.; Jones, Keri D.] Tennessee State Univ, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, USDA,US Natl Arboretum, Agr Res Serv,Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Reed, SM (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, USDA,US Natl Arboretum, Agr Res Serv,Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA. EM Sandra.Reed@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 1 BP 84 EP 91 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 247LH UT WOS:000252080200012 ER PT J AU Rukavina, H Hughes, H Johnson, R AF Rukavina, Hrvoje Hughes, Harrison Johnson, Randy TI Variation in saltgrass growth and time of fall dormancy related to geographical and climatic factors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FROST HARDINESS; DISTICHLIS-SPICATA; FREEZING TOLERANCE; GENETIC-VARIATION; COLD-HARDINESS; GRASS; ENVIRONMENT AB Development of a new turfgrass cultivar requires an evaluation of numerous traits as well as an understanding of environmental factors influencing those traits. Growth or ability to fill in gaps and time of fall dormancy (fall color retention) that indicates cold hardiness are important traits for turfgrasses. This study was initiated to characterize variation in saltgrass [Distichlis spicata L. (Greene)] growth and time of fall dormancy related to climatic and geographical factors at the source location (geographical location of clone origin). Growth traits and time of fall dormancy were measured on 52 saltgrass clones collected from 41 locations and established at one location (common garden) in Fort Collins, CO. Principal component analysis on the morphological traits extracted the first principal component that explained 78% of the variability. The first principal component and time of fall dormancy were related to climatic and geographical factors at the source locations. Variation in growth traits was related to seasonal climatic variables of summer drying and fall cooling that explained similar to 50% of variability in morphological traits. Variation in time of fall dormancy was related to longitude of clone origin and minimum winter temperature. These two variables explained similar to 60% of the total variability in time of fall dormancy. Information obtained in this study may help breeders identify the best environments for specific traits and suggests that cold tolerance could be a problem for some clones from western sources if established too far east. C1 [Rukavina, Hrvoje; Hughes, Harrison] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Johnson, Randy] USDA Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Hughes, H (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM harrison.hughes@colostate.edu NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 1 BP 127 EP 132 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 247LH UT WOS:000252080200017 ER PT J AU Ma, HM Pooler, M Griesbach, R AF Ma, Hongmei Pooler, Margaret Griesbach, Robert TI Ratio of Myc and Myb transcription factors regulates anthocyanin production in orchid flowers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GERBERA-HYBRIDA ASTERACEAE; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; ZEA-MAYS; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; DOMAIN PROTEINS; COLORFUL MODEL; MAIZE C1; GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Many studies have examined anthocyanin gene expression in colorless tissues by introducing anthocyanin regulatory genes of the MYC/R and MYB/Cl families. Expression of the two regulatory genes under the control of a strong promoter generally results in high anthocyanin accumulation. However, such approaches usually have a negative effect on growth and development of the recovered plants. In this study the author used two promoters of different strengths-a weak (Solanum tuberosum L. polyubiquitin Ubi3) and a strong (double 35S) promoter-and generated two sets of expression constructs with the Zea mays L. anthocyanin regulatory genes MYCLC and Myb(Cl). A transient expression system was developed using biolistic bombardment of white Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume flowers, which the authors confirmed to be anthocyanin regulatory gene mutants. Transient expression of different combinations of the four constructs would generate three different MYCLc-to-Myb(Cl) ratios (>1, 1, <1). The enhanced green florescent protein gene (EGFP) was cotransformed as an internal control with the two anthocyanin regulatory gene constructs. These results demonstrate that the ratio of the two transcription factors had a significant influence on the amount of anthocyanin produced. Anthocyanin accumulation occurred only when Myb(Cl) was under the control of the 35S promoter, regardless of whether Myc(LC) was driven by the 35S or Ubi3 promoter. C1 [Ma, Hongmei; Pooler, Margaret] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Griesbach, Robert] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Griesbach, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 3501 New York Ave,NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM robert.griesbach@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 133 IS 1 BP 133 EP 138 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 247LH UT WOS:000252080200018 ER PT J AU Henson, CA Duke, SH AF Henson, Cynthia A. Duke, Stanley H. TI A comparison of standard and nonstandard measures of malt quality SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-amylase; beta-amylase; enzyme thermostability; alpha-glucosidase; limit dextrinase; osmolyte concentration ID BARLEY BETA-AMYLASE; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; DIASTATIC POWER; OSMOLYTE CONCENTRATION; CULTIVATED BARLEY; THERMOSTABILITY; FERMENTABILITY; STARCH; DEGRADATION; VARIETIES AB The objectives of this study were to compare standard and nonstandard measures of malting quality using simple correlations and to determine whether six highly elite malting barley cultivars could be distinguished from each other using multivariate statistics to analyze 9 standard and 22 nonstandard measures of malting quality. Simple linear regression revealed cultivar differences in the thermostabilities of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, limit dextrinase, and alpha-glucosidase that were positively correlated with differences in wort osmolyte concentrations (r = 0.853-0.958, P <= 0.05-0.01) and differences in the thermostabilities of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, and limit dextrinase that were correlated with diastatic power (r = 0.872-0.937, P <= 0.05-0.01). Principal component analysis (PCA) of the nonstandard measures of malting quality were considered more useful than PCA of the standard measures because the former was able to categorize the six-row cultivar and two-row cultivar with the lowest real degree of fermentation, an important measure of brewhouse performance, as being different from the other two- and six-row malts. The malt quality traits that distinguished the two lowest performing of the six elite malting barleys from the other malts were alpha-glucosidase, limit dextrinase, and alpha-amylase activities, which were lower in these two malts, plus the thermostabilities of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, and limit dextrinase and wort osmolyte concentrations, which were higher in these two malts. C1 [Henson, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Henson, Cynthia A.; Duke, Stanley H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Henson, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cahenson@wisc.edu NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2008 VL 66 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2007-1210-01 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 259VL UT WOS:000252968900002 ER PT J AU Duke, SH Henson, CA AF Duke, Stanley H. Henson, Cynthia A. TI A comparison of barley malt quality measurements and malt sugar concentrations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS LA English DT Article DE alpha-amylase; barley; diastatic power; malt extract; malt sugars; osmolytes ID BETA-AMYLASE; OSMOLYTE CONCENTRATION; DIASTATIC POWER; ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; INDICATOR; ENZYMES; STARCH; DEGRADATION; HYDROLYSIS; RELEASE AB This study was conducted to test two hypotheses: 1) that malt osmolyte concentration (OC) values would be better correlated with malt sugar concentrations than malt extract (ME) values and 2) that malt a-amylase activity (alpha-AA) would be better correlated with malt sugar concentrations than diastatic power (DP). Seeds of four two-row and four six-row barley genotypes were steeped and germinated in a micromalter for 6 days. At intervals of 24 hr throughout germination, green malt was removed and kilned and then assayed for ME, OC, DP, alpha-AA, and Sugar concentrations. Sugars were extracted from milled malt in H2O at 70 degrees C for 30 min. Except for cv. Harrington, total sugars increased throughout the entire 6 days of the germination regime in two-row genotypes but either declined or plateaued after 4 days of germination in the six-row genotypes. Over all days of germination for all genotypes combined, OC correlated Much better than ME with total sugar concentrations (OC: r = 0.867, P < 0.0001; ME: 0.589, P < 0.0001), strongly supporting the first hypothesis. When correlating individual sugar concentrations with ME and OC for all days of germination for all genotypes combined, OC also correlated much better than ME with glucose, maltose, sucrose, fructose, and the maltodextrins maltotriose through maltoheptaose (e.g., low to high r value,, for OC: r 0.642 [fructose] to 0.924 and 0.928 [glucose and maltotetraose, respectively], P < 0.0001; low to high r values for ME: r = 0.282 [fructose] to 0.723 [glucose], P = 0.0524 to <0.0001). strongly supporting the first hypothesis. For all genotypes combined, alpha-AA correlated slightly better than DP with total sugar concentrations over all days of germination (alpha-AA: r = 0.743, P < 0.0001; DP: r = 0.711, P < 0.0001), supporting (he second hypothesis. When correlating individual sugar concentrations with alpha-AA and DP for all days of germination for all genotypes combined, alpha-AA also correlated better than DIP with most sugar concentrations (e.g., low to high r values for alpha-AA: r = 0.517 [fructose] to 0.900 [glucose], P = 0.0002 to <0.0001; low to high r values for DP: r = 0.412 [fructose] to 0.792 [maltotetraose], P = 0.0037 to <0.0001), Supporting the second hypothesis. Overall, malt OC correlated better with malt sugar concentrations than ME, DIP, or alpha-AA, indicating that OC best predicts starch hydrolysis during malting and a subsequent short mashing period. C1 [Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Henson, Cynthia A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. RP Duke, SH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shduke@wisc.edu NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC BREWING CHEMISTS INC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0361-0470 J9 J AM SOC BREW CHEM JI J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. PY 2008 VL 66 IS 3 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.1094/ASBCJ-2008-0612-01 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 339NB UT WOS:000258583200003 ER PT J AU Jham, GN Berhow, MA Manthey, LK Palmquist, DA Vaughn, SF AF Jham, Gulab N. Berhow, Mark A. Manthey, Linda K. Palmquist, Deborah A. Vaughn, Steven F. TI The Use of Fatty Acid Profile as a Potential Marker for Brazilian Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) for Corn Adulteration SO JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE coffee; coffee quality; fatty acids; corn; adulteration ID ROASTED COFFEE; VARIETIES; ROBUSTA; GREEN; AUTHENTICATION; DISCRIMINATION; PARAMETERS; RESOLUTION; POWDERS AB Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition of the coffee (Coffea arabica L.) varieties Catuai, Catucai, Bourbom, Mundo Novo, Rubi and Topazio known to produce beverage of intermediate, excellent, excellent, intermediate, intermediate and poor quality, respectively, was determined for the first time. Average area % of the FAMEs of the six varieties was: palmitic (38.2), stearic (8.3), oleic (8.6), linoleic (38.5), linolenic (1.6) and arachidic (3.6) acids, respectively. The method was very quick with complete characterization (> 99%) of the samples studied being possible in less than 6 min. While these values may provide insights for evaluating the coffee quality, no significant effect (p < 0.05) of coffee variety was found on area % of the FAMEs. In addition, FAMEs of six corn samples, six commercial coffee brands and one commercial coffee sample intentionally contaminated with three levels of corn were compared. Although the linoleic/stearic ratio was significantly different in coffee and corn FAMEs, this probe could not be used a marker to detect corn adulteration in commercial coffees. C1 [Jham, Gulab N.; Berhow, Mark A.; Manthey, Linda K.; Palmquist, Deborah A.; Vaughn, Steven F.] USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jham, Gulab N.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Quim, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Jham, GN (reprint author), USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gulab@ufv.br FU CAPES (Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education); CNPq (National Council for Technological and Scientific Development)/Brazilian government FX This study was supported in part by CAPES (Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education) through a scholarship awarded to G.N.J. Scholarship to G.N.J. from CNPq (National Council for Technological and Scientific Development)/Brazilian government is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA PI SAO PAULO PA CAIXA POSTAL 26037, 05599-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0103-5053 J9 J BRAZIL CHEM SOC JI J. Braz. Chem. Soc. PY 2008 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1462 EP 1467 DI 10.1590/S0103-50532008000800004 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 383FF UT WOS:000261658800004 ER PT J AU Tapily, K Jakes, JE Stone, DS Shrestha, P Gu, D Baumgart, H Elmustafa, AA AF Tapily, K. Jakes, J. E. Stone, D. S. Shrestha, P. Gu, D. Baumgart, H. Elmustafa, A. A. TI Nanoindentation investigation of HfO(2) and Al(2)O(3) films grown by atomic layer deposition SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS; GATE DIELECTRICS; ALUMINUM-OXIDE; THIN-FILMS; MOCVD; ALD; HAFNIUM AB The challenges of reducing gate leakage current and dielectric breakdown beyond the 45 nm technology node have shifted engineers' attention from the traditional and proven dielectric SiO(2) to materials of higher dielectric constant also known as high-k materials such as hafnium oxide (HfO(2)) and aluminum oxide (Al(2)O(3)). These high-k materials are projected to replace silicon oxide (SiO(2)). In order to address the complex process integration and reliability issues, it is important to investigate the mechanical properties of these dielectric materials in addition to their electrical properties. In this study, HfO(2) and Al(2)O(3) have been fabricated using atomic layer deposition (ALD) on (100) p-type Si wafers. Using nanoindentation and the continuous stiffness method, we report the elastomechanical properties of HfO(2) and Al(2)O(3) on Si. ALD HfO(2) thin films were measured to have a hardness of 9.5 +/- 2 GPa and a modulus of 220 +/- 40 GPa, whereas the ALD Al(2)O(3) thin films have a hardness of 10.5 +/- 2 GPa and a modulus of 220 +/- 40 GPa. The two materials are also distinguished by very different interface properties. HfO(2) forms a hafnium silicate interlayer, which influences its nanoindentation properties close to the interface with the Si substrate, while Al(2)O(3) does not exhibit any interlayer. (C) 2008 The Electrochemical Society. C1 [Tapily, K.; Shrestha, P.; Gu, D.; Baumgart, H.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Elmustafa, A. A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Tapily, K.; Shrestha, P.; Gu, D.; Baumgart, H.; Elmustafa, A. A.] Appl Res Ctr, Thomas Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Jakes, J. E.; Stone, D. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jakes, J. E.; Stone, D. S.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Tapily, K (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM dgu@odu.edu RI Gu, Diefeng/F-4515-2010; Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2008 VL 155 IS 7 BP H545 EP H551 DI 10.1149/1.2919106 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 305SU UT WOS:000256198900068 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest H. TI A novel silicon complex is as effective as sodium metasilicate in enhancing the collagen-induced inflammatory response of silicon-deprived rats SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE silicon; inflammation; arthritis; immune response; trace elements ID MINERAL ELEMENT COMPOSITION; DIETARY SILICON; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; BONE TURNOVER; ARGININE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PLASMA; TISSUE; ALPHA; BORON AB An experiment was conducted with rats to determine whether silicon deprivation affects the inflammatory response to the injection of type II collagen, and to compare the effectiveness of the organic complex arginine silicate inositol (ASI) with inorganic silicon (NaSiO3) in mitigating any observed change in response. Dark Agouti rats were fed a ground corn-casein-safflower-based diet containing about 2.8 mg Si/kg. The experimental variables were supplemental 0 and 35 mg Si/kg as either ASI or NaSiO3. After five weeks on their respective treatments, each rat was injected with type II collagen and euthanized four weeks later. Urine was collected before injection during week five and week nine before euthanasia. The silicon-supplemented rats generally exhibited a more marked inflammatory response than the silicon-deprived rats. The circulating number of lymphocytes was higher (p<0.003) and number of neutrophils was lower (p<0.008) in silicon-deprived than silicon-supplemented rats. ASI and NaSiO3 were about equally effective in enhancing these changes. Post-injection of tibial release of prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) (p<0.04), urinary excretion of magnesium (p<0.03) and deoxypyridinoline (p<0.009), and plasma osteopontin (p<0.009), magnesium (p<0.0007) and copper (p<0.004) were higher in silicon-supplemented than silicon-deprived rats. The increases in plasma magnesium (Si x sex, p < 0.04) and copper (Si x sex, p < 0.02) were more marked in male than female rats. One but not the other silicon supplement when compared to silicon deprivation significantly affected the tibial release of PGE(2), and plasma copper and iron concentrations. However, with the exception of the pre-injection urinary excretion of helical peptide, no other of the variables determined was significantly different between rats fed ASI and those fed NaSiO3. The findings suggest that, in rodents, physiological amounts of silicon promote the immune response, sex may influence the response to dietary silicon, and that both organic silicon complexes and inorganic silicon are similarly effective in preventing changes in inflammation induced by silicon deprivation. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N Stop 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 39 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2007.11.004 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 302PM UT WOS:000255980700006 PM 18319139 ER PT J AU Hawkes, WC Keim, NL Richter, BD Gustafson, MB Gale, B Mackey, BE Bonnel, EL AF Hawkes, Wayne Chris Keim, Nancy L. Richter, B. Diane Gustafson, Mary B. Gale, Barbara Mackey, Bruce E. Bonnel, Ellen L. TI High-selenium yeast supplementation in free-living North American men: No effect on thyroid hormone metabolism or body composition SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE selenium; thyroid hormone; body composition; body weight ID IODOTHYRONINE DEIODINASES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; CANCER PREVENTION; RESPONSIVE GENES; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DAIRY CALVES; IODINE AB in a prior study, we observed decreased Serum 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T(3)), increased serum thyrotropin and increased body weight ill five men fed 297 mu g/d of selenium (Se) in foods naturally high in Se while confined in a metabolic research unit. In an attempt to replicate and confirm those observations, we conducted a randomized Study of high-Se yeast supplements (300 mu g/d) or placebo yeast administered to 42 healthy free-living men for 48 weeks. Serum thyroxine, T3 and thyrotropin did not change in supplemented or control subjects. Body weight increased in both groups during the 48-week treatment period and remained elevated for the 48-week follow-up period. Body fat increased by 1.2 kg in both groups. Energy intake and voluntary activity levels were not different between the groups and remained unchanged during the treatment period. Dietary intakes of Se, macronutrients and micronutrients were not different between groups and remained unchanged during the treatment period. These results Suggest that our previous observation of a hypothyroidal response to high-Se foods was confounded by some aspect of the particular foods used, or were merely chance observations. Because of the high dose and long administration period, the present Study suggests that the effects of Se supplements on thyroid hormone metabolism and energy metabolism in healthy North American men with adequate Se status do not represent a significant risk for unhealthy weight gain. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Hawkes, Wayne Chris; Keim, Nancy L.; Richter, B. Diane; Gustafson, Mary B.; Gale, Barbara; Bonnel, Ellen L.] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mackey, Bruce E.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, NY USA. RP Hawkes, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wayne.hawkes@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture CRIS [5306-51530-009-00D] FX US Department of Agriculture CRIS Project no. 5306-51530-009-00D supported this research. The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of William Horn, Manuel Tengonciang Jerome Crawford, Sue Littlefield, Leslie Woodhouse, Katherine Parker, Evelyn Holguin and the Human Studies Unit of WHNRC for their assistance with the conduct of this study. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the US Department of Agriculture, nor does it imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. The opinions expressed herein represent those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the US Department or Agriculture. NR 85 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2007.11.005 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 337RR UT WOS:000258453700006 PM 18565425 ER PT J AU Woods, LW Lehmkuhl, HD Hobbs, LA Parker, JC Manzer, M AF Woods, Leslie W. Lehmkuhl, Howard D. Hobbs, Lea Ann Parker, Jackie C. Manzer, Mike TI Evaluation of the pathogenic potential of cervid adenovirus in calves SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; bovine; cervid adenovirus; experimental; Odocoileus adenovirus ID BLACK-TAILED DEER; HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; INFECTION; CALIFORNIA; FAWNS AB Four 3-month-old Jersey calves and three 3-month-old Holstein calves were inoculated with cervid adenovirus and monitored for clinical signs until necropsied between 10 and 42 days postinoculation. The neonatal Jersey calves had received colostrum, and the Holstein calves were colostrum deprived. Preinoculation and postinoculation serum samples were tested for antibodies to the cervid adenovirus, bovine adenovirus type 6, bovine adenovirus type 7, and goat adenovirus type I. Virus isolation was performed on kidney, nasal secretion, and/or lung homogenates in fetal white-tailed deer lung cells. Negatively stained preparations of feces from Jersey calves were examined weekly using an electron microscope, and weekly blood samples were collected for complete blood counts. Full necropsies were performed on all calves. A complete selection of tissues was evaluated for microscopic changes, and immunohistochemistry was performed on all tissues using a polyclonal antibody to deer adenovirus. No clinical signs were observed in the calves during the study period. Following inoculation, colostrum-deprived calves developed low antibody titers to deer adenovirus, while the Jersey calves that received colostrum did not. Calves that received colostrum had high antibody titers to bovine adenovirus type 7 and goat adenovirus type I. No consistent gross or microscopic lesions were seen. Adenovirus was not observed in negatively stained preparations of feces. Immunohistochemistry results did not demonstrate virus in all tissues examined microscopically, and virus was not isolated from lungs, nasal secretions, and kidneys. C1 [Woods, Leslie W.; Parker, Jackie C.; Manzer, Mike] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab Syst, Davis, CA 95617 USA. [Lehmkuhl, Howard D.; Hobbs, Lea Ann] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Woods, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Calif Anim Hlth & Food Safety Lab Syst, POB 1770, Davis, CA 95617 USA. EM lwwoods@ucdavis.edu NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 BP 33 EP 37 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 398XJ UT WOS:000262764500006 PM 18182505 ER PT J AU Keane, DP Barr, DJ Keller, JE Hall, SM Langenberg, JA Bochsler, PN AF Keane, Delwyn P. Barr, Daniel J. Keller, Jason E. Hall, S. Mark Langenberg, Julie A. Bochsler, Philip N. TI Comparison of retropharyngeal lymph node and obex region of the brainstem in detection of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Chronic wasting disease; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; immunohistochemistry; prion; white-tailed deer ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; RESISTANT PRION PROTEIN; CERVUS-ELAPHUS NELSONI; CAPTIVE MULE DEER; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; HEMIONUS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; TISSUES AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) in Wisconsin was first identified in February 2002. By April 2005, medial retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) tissues had been examined from over 75,000 white-tailed deer for the presence of CWD by either immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for the prion protein associated with CWD (PrP(res)) or by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with confirmation of positives by IHC staining and had been detected in 469 animals. Obex tissue was also available from 438 of the CWD-positive animals and was CWD positive by IHC staining in 355 (81%). To verify whether false-negative results were possible examining only RLN, both obex and RLN samples were examined for CWD by IHC staining from 4,430 of the white-tailed deer harvested from an area in Wisconsin where the overall deer CWD prevalence was approximately 6.2%. Two hundred and fourteen of the 269 positive deer (79.6%) had deposits of PrP(res) in both obex and lymphoid tissues, 55 (20.4%) had deposits only in lymphoid tissue, and there were no deer that had deposits only in obex. C1 [Keane, Delwyn P.; Barr, Daniel J.; Bochsler, Philip N.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hall, S. Mark] Natl Vet Serv Lab, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Langenberg, Julie A.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI USA. RP Keane, DP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, 445 Easterday Lane, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Delwyn.Keane@wvdl.wisc.edu NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 BP 58 EP 60A PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 398XJ UT WOS:000262764500010 PM 18182509 ER PT J AU Saponari, M Manjunath, K Yokomi, RK AF Saponari, Maria Manjunath, Keremane Yokomi, Raymond K. TI Quantitative detection of Citrus tristeza virus in citrus and aphids by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (TaqMan (R)) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE real-time PCR; closterovirus; vectors; disease diagnosis; RNA extraction ID PLUM-POX-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS; RT-PCR; SINGLE APHIDS; RAPID METHOD; SYBR GREEN; TREES; RNA; DIFFERENTIATION AB A quantitative and multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay was developed to detect Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) along with plant mRNA, which serves as an internal control to ascertain RNA extraction quality. The real-time technique was validated against 39 CTV strains from around the world as well as with the aphid vector, Aphis gossypii, given a 48 h acquisition access period on a CTV source plant. The assay was effective for quantitation of the viral template in infected plants and in single aphids. CTV detection was compared from different plant tissues and for different RNA isolation methods from aphids. Less than 1 fg was consistently detected when RNA transcripts were diluted in extracts from healthy plants while RNA copies carried by single aphids were estimated to be between 12,000 and 13,000,000. The assay was more sensitive and less time consuming than ELISA or traditional RT-PCR. The real-time RT-PCR assay developed is a valuable new tool for detection and titer quantitation of CTV. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saponari, Maria; Yokomi, Raymond K.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Manjunath, Keremane] USDA, ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Saponari, Maria] CNR, Ist Virol Vegetale, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Yokomi, RK (reprint author), USDA ARS, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM ryokomi@fresno.ars.usda.gov OI SAPONARI, MARIA/0000-0001-9195-4624 NR 48 TC 35 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2008 VL 147 IS 1 BP 43 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jviroinet.2007.07.026 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 255VP UT WOS:000252686300006 PM 17888522 ER PT J AU Pasquini, G Barba, M Hadidi, A Faggioli, F Negri, R Sobol, I Tiberini, A Caglayan, K Mazyad, H Anfoka, G Ghanim, M Zeidan, M Czosnek, H AF Pasquini, Graziella Barba, Marina Hadidi, Ahmed Faggioli, Francesco Negri, Rodolfo Sobol, Iris Tiberini, Antonio Caglayan, Kadriye Mazyad, Hamed Anfoka, Ghandi Ghanim, Murad Zeidan, Mohammad Czosnek, Henryk TI Oligonucleotide microarray-based detection and genotyping of Plum pox virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE diagnosis; genotyping; microarrays; 70-mer oligonucleotide probe; Plum pox virus; PPV strains; PPV-D; PPV-M; PPV-C; PPV-EA ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; DNA MICROARRAY; PLANT-VIRUSES; COHYBRIDIZATION STANDARD; POTYVIRUS DETECTION; VIRAL PATHOGENS; GENOMIC DNA; HYBRIDIZATION; ASSAY; DIFFERENTIATION AB Plum pox virus (PPV) is the most damaging viral pathogen of stone fruits. The detection and identification of its strains are therefore of critical importance to plant quarantine and certification programs. Existing methods to screen strains of PPV suffer from significant limitations such as the simultaneous detection and genotyping of several strains of PPV in samples infected with different isolates of the virus. A genomic strategy for PPV screening based on the viral nucleotide sequence was developed to enable the detection and genotyping of the virus from infected plant tissue or biological samples. The basis of this approach is a long 70-mer oligonucleotide DNA microarray capable of simultaneously detecting and genotyping PPV strains. Several 70-mer oligonucleotide probes were specific for the detection and genotyping of individual PPV isolates to their strains. Other probes were specific for the detection and identification of two or three PPV strains. One probe (universal), derived from the genome highly conserved 3' non-translated region, detected all individual strains of PPV. This universal PPV probe, combined with probes specific for each known strain, could be used for new PPV strain discovery. Finally, indirect fluorescent labeling of cDNA with cyanine after cDNA synthesis enhanced the sensitivity of the virus detection without the use of the PCR amplification step. The PPV microarray detected and identified efficiently the PPV strains in PPV-infected peach, apricot and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. This PPV detection method is versatile, and enables the simultaneous detection of plant pathogens. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pasquini, Graziella; Barba, Marina; Faggioli, Francesco; Tiberini, Antonio] CRA Ist Sperimentale Patol Vegetale, I-00156 Rome, Italy. [Hadidi, Ahmed; Sobol, Iris] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Negri, Rodolfo] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Lab Genom Funz & Proteom Sistemi Modello, Dipartimento Biol Cellulare & Sviluppo, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Sobol, Iris; Czosnek, Henryk] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr, Inst Plant Sci & Genet Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Caglayan, Kadriye] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-31034 Antakya, Turkey. [Mazyad, Hamed] Minist Agr & Land Reclamat, Agr Res Ctr, Plant Pathol Res Inst, Giza 12619, Egypt. [Anfoka, Ghandi] Al Balqa Appl Univ, Fac Agr Technol, Dept Technol, Al Salt 19117, Jordan. [Ghanim, Murad] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Entomol, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Czosnek, Henryk] Minist Agr, Plant Protect & Inspect Serv, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Barba, M (reprint author), CRA Ist Sperimentale Patol Vegetale, Via CG Bertero 22, I-00156 Rome, Italy. EM m.barba@ispave.it NR 44 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2008 VL 147 IS 1 BP 118 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.08.019 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 255VP UT WOS:000252686300016 PM 17920703 ER PT J AU Yang, XL Thannhauser, TW Burrows, M Cox-Foster, D Gildow, FE Gray, SM AF Yang, Xiaolong Thannhauser, T. W. Burrows, Mary Cox-Foster, Diana Gildow, Fred E. Gray, Stewart M. TI Coupling genetics and proteomics to identify aphid proteins associated with vector-specific transmission of polerovirus (Luteoviridae) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOW-DWARF-VIRUS; POTATO LEAFROLL VIRUS; SCHIZAPHIS-GRAMINUM; MYZUS-PERSICAE; CIRCULATIVE TRANSMISSION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SITOBION-AVENAE; IDENTIFICATION; CYCLOPHILIN; ACQUISITION AB Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) is transmitted specifically by the aphids Rhopalosiphum padi and Schizaphis graminum in a circulative nonpropagative manner. The high level of vector specificity results from the vector aphids having the functional components of the receptor-mediated endocytotic pathways to allow virus to transverse the gut and salivary tissues. Studies of F, progeny from crosses of vector and nonvector genotypes of S. graminum showed that virus transmission efficiency is a heritable trait regulated by multiple genes acting in an additive fashion and that gut- and salivary gland-associated factors are not genetically linked. Utilizing two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis to compare the proteomes of vector and nonvector parental and F, genotypes, four aphid proteins (S4, S8, S29, and S405) were specifically associated with the ability of S. graminum to transmit CYDV-RPV. The four proteins were coimmunoprecipitated with purified RPV, indicating that the aphid proteins are capable of binding to virus. Analysis by mass spectrometry identified S4 as a luciferase and S29 as a cyclophilin, both of which have been implicated in macromolecullar transport. Proteins S8 and S405 were not identified from available databases. Study of this unique genetic system coupled with proteomic analysis indicated that these four virus-binding aphid proteins were specifically inherited and conserved in different generations of vector genotypes and suggests that they play a major role in regulating polerovirus transmission. C1 [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yang, Xiaolong; Gildow, Fred E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Yang, Xiaolong; Cox-Foster, Diana] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Burrows, Mary; Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Plant Protect Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yang, Xiaolong; Thannhauser, T. W.] USDA ARS, Functional & Comparat Proteom Ctr, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Gray, SM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM smg3@cornell.edu NR 34 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 82 IS 1 BP 291 EP 299 DI 10.1128/JVI.01736-07 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 244AO UT WOS:000251838600027 PM 17959668 ER PT J AU Asmundsson, IM Mortenson, JA Hoberg, EP AF Asmundsson, Ingrid M. Mortenson, Jack A. Hoberg, Eric P. TI Muscleworms, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni (Nematoda : Protostrongylidae), discovered in Columbia white-tailed deer from Oregon and Washington: Implications for biogeography and host associations SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Columbia white-tailed deer; COI; ITS-2; muscleworm; Odocoileus virginianus leucurus; Parelaphostrongylus andersoni ID ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; ELAPHOSTRONGYLINAE NEMATODA; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; RANGIFER-TARANDUS; 1ST-STAGE LARVAE; DALLS SHEEP; PARASITES; CANADA; POLYMORPHISM; SEQUENCES AB Parelaphostrongylus andersoni is considered a characteristic nematode infecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Host and geographic distribution for this parasite, however, remain poorly defined in the region of western North America. Fecal samples collected from Columbia white-tailed deer (O. v. leucurus) in a restricted range endemic to Oregon and Washington, USA, were examined for dorsal-spined larvae characteristic of many protostrongylid nematodes. Multilocus DNA sequence data (internal transcribed spacer 2 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) established the identity and a new record for P. andersoni in a subspecies of white-tailed deer previously unrecognized as hosts. Populations of P. andersoni are now recognized along the basin of the lower Columbia River in Oregon and Washington and from south-central Oregon on the North Umpqua River. Current data indicate a potentially broad zone of sympatry for P. andersoni and Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei in the western region of North America, although these elapbostrongylines seem to be segregated, respectively, in white-tailed deer or in black-tailed and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) at temperate latitudes. The geographic range for P. andersoni in white-tailed deer is extended substantially to the west of the currently defined limit in North America, and we confirm an apparently extensive range for this elpahostrongyline. These observations are explored in the broader context of host and geographic associations for P. andersoni and related elaphostrongylines in North American cervids. C1 [Asmundsson, Ingrid M.; Hoberg, Eric P.] USDA ARS, United States Natl Parasite Collect & Anim Parasi, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mortenson, Jack A.] USDA, Vet Serv, Salem, OR 97301 USA. RP Hoberg, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, United States Natl Parasite Collect & Anim Parasi, BARC E 1180,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eric.holberg@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 1 BP 16 EP 27 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 262VW UT WOS:000253177100003 PM 18263818 ER PT J AU Rittenhouse, CD Millspaugh, JJ Hubbard, MW Sheriff, SL Dijak, WD AF Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. Millspaugh, Joshua J. Hubbard, Michael W. Sheriff, Steven L. Dijak, William D. TI Resource selection by translocated three-toed box turtles in Missouri SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Missouri; radiotracking; resource selection; Terrapene carolina triunguis; three-toed box turtle; translocation; utilization distribution ID TORTOISES GOPHERUS-POLYPHEMUS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT DISEASE; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; BANDWIDTH SELECTION; DESERT TORTOISE; POPULATION; CAROLINA; HABITAT; CONSERVATION; MORTALITY AB Resource selection is a multi-staged process of behavioral responses to various resource cues or stimuli. Previous research suggests some aspects of resource selection may be inherent (i.e., genetic predisposition) or based on early experience and that individuals respond to certain resource cues but not to others. In other words, resource selection may be based on a template that specifies which cues to use in the resource-selection process and the appropriate response to those cues. We used resource utilization functions (RUFs) to examine the resource-selection template of translocated three-toed box turtles (Terrapene carolina triunguis, hereafter turtles) and made comparisons to resident turtles. Translocated turtles, previously residents of a predominantly forested landscape with low edge-density, used forest openings, forest edges, and southwest-facing slopes before and after translocation to a fragmented site containing resident turtles. In contrast, resident turtles used forested areas and northeast-facing slopes within a predominantly open landscape with high edge-density. Our comparison of resource selection by translocated and resident turtles revealed population-specific resource selection and consistency in selection following translocation, which reinforces the idea of a resource-selection template and suggests that in the short-term box turtles may not adapt their predisposed behavior to local conditions. Thus, translocated animals may evaluate and respond to resource cues as if they were at the original site. Lack of site fidelity may result from individuals seeking additional resources to match their resource-selection template. Successful translocation of turtles may require an assessment of resource selection prior to translocation and development of management strategies that mitigate turtle response to translocation. C1 [Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hubbard, Michael W.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Jefferson City, MO 65109 USA. [Sheriff, Steven L.] Conservat Res Ctr, Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Dijak, William D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Rittenhouse, CD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM cdr6cf@mizzou.edu RI Rittenhouse, Chadwick/G-7169-2012 NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 268 EP 275 DI 10.2193/2007-092 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 254YU UT WOS:000252624700032 ER PT J AU Campbell, TA Long, DB AF Campbell, Tyler A. Long, David B. TI Mammalian visitation to candidate feral swine attractants SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE attractant; bait; collared peccary; feral swine; lure; Pecari tajacu; Procyon lotor; raccoon; Sus scrofa; visitation ID SOUTHERN TEXAS; ORAL DELIVERY; SUS-SCROFA; BAITS; PIGS; PHARMACEUTICALS; DEVICE; AGENTS AB Few data exist regarding suitable feral swine (Sus scrofa) attractants in the United States. We compared species-specific visitation and contact rates of mammals to 11 candidate feral swine attractants at scent stations using motion-sensing digital photography to identify promising attractants. We found feral swine had greater visitation rates to apple and strawberry stations than to control stations. We recommend managers consider using strawberry attractants for feral swine-specific applications. If, however, a general feral swine attractant is needed, then apple, berry, or caramel attractants may perform well. C1 [Campbell, Tyler A.; Long, David B.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Campbell, TA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM tyler.a.campbell@aphis.usda.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 305 EP 309 DI 10.2193/2007-227 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 254YU UT WOS:000252624700037 ER PT J AU Jiang, Z Qin, D Hse, CY Kuo, M Luo, Z Wang, G Yu, Y AF Jiang, Zehui Qin, Daochun Hse, Chung-Yun Kuo, Monlin Luo, Zhaohui Wang, Ge Yu, Yan TI Preliminary study on chicken feather protein-based wood adhesives SO JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE feather; fiberboard; PF resin; protein hydrolysis AB The objective of this preliminary study was to partially replace phenol in the synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin with feather protein. Feather protein-based resins, which contained one part feather protein and two parts phenol, were formulated under the conditions of two feather protein hydrolysis methods (with and without presence of phenol during hydrolysis), two formaldehyde/phenol molar ratios (1.8 and 2.0), and three pH levels (9.5, 10.5, and 11.5). Southern pine fiberboard bonded with feather protein-based resins was fabricated and bending strength, bending stiffness, internal bonding strength, and percent thickness swell were evaluated. Results indicated that the test parameters all significantly affected resin quality. The resin formulated with feather protein hydrolyzed in the presence of phenol, using a F/P ratio of 2.0, and at a pH of 10.5 performed as well as the neat PF resin. Based on our findings, feather protein is a potential cost-effective material for the production of PF-type adhesive resins. C1 [Jiang, Zehui; Qin, Daochun; Wang, Ge; Yu, Yan] Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. [Hse, Chung-Yun] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. [Kuo, Monlin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA USA. [Luo, Zhaohui] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Wood Ind, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Qin, D (reprint author), Int Ctr Bamboo & Rattan, 8 Futong E St,Wangjing Area,Chaoyang Dist, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. EM qindaochun@gmail.com FU Science and Technology Development of China [2006BAD19B04]; State Forestry Administration of China FX This work was supported by the 11th Five Years Program for Science and Technology Development of China (No. 2006BAD19B04) and the "948" Program (2003-4-27) of the State Forestry Administration of China. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0277-3813 J9 J WOOD CHEM TECHNOL JI J. Wood Chem. Technol. PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1080/02773810802347073 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 344AR UT WOS:000258898100006 ER PT J AU Gipson, C AF Gipson, Chester TI A word from USDA SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Gipson, C (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 14 EP 14 DI 10.1038/laban0108-14c PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 246VA UT WOS:000252034400010 PM 18094693 ER PT J AU Baker, LA Schussler, JE Snyder, SA AF Baker, Lawrence A. Schussler, Johanna E. Snyder, Stephanie A. TI Drivers of change for lakewater clarity SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE eutrophication; drivers; phosphorus; Secchi disk; shoreline development ID LAKESHORE DEVELOPMENT AB Lakes in the Upper Midwest have undergone extensive lakeshore development over the past 30 years, raising concerns about eutrophication. We examined 11 case study lakes in Minnesota that had undergone substantial shoreline development over the past 30 years to evaluate drivers of change in clarity. Relationships between current Secchi disk transparency (SDT) and the density of permanent equivalent houses (PEHs) and between change in SDT and change in density of PEHs were not statistically significant. For lakes with large watershed area-to-lake area (WSA:LA) ratios, modeled worst-case scenarios for impacts of shoreline housing show that phosphorus (P) inputs may not be sufficient to reduce SDT. For sensitive lakes, improved P management policies may counteract increased shoreline development, at least in part. For lakes with large WSA: LA ratios, activity outside the shoreline area, particularly agricultural activity, is probably more important than shoreline development in affecting SDT. Although policies considered "lake management" operate at fairly small scales, drivers of change in SDT operate at various temporal and spatial scales, from household to global. C1 [Baker, Lawrence A.; Schussler, Johanna E.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Snyder, Stephanie A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Baker, LA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Ctr, 1985 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. FU U.S. Forest Service, North Central Research Station FX This project was supported by the U.S. Forest Service, North Central Research Station. We thank Rob Potts and Sue Leitz ( both with the USFS) for managerial and GIS support, respectively. We also thank the many state agency staff and people in the case study counties who provided insights regarding these lakes and their watersheds ( see Schussler 2005). In addition, we thank Katherine Webster of the University of Maine and Devendra Amatya of the USFS for providing helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1 BP 30 EP 40 PG 11 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 492NQ UT WOS:000269665800004 ER PT J AU Starr, GC Lal, R Owens, L Kimble, J AF Starr, G. C. Lal, R. Owens, L. Kimble, J. TI Empirical relationships for soil organic carbon transport from agricultural watersheds in Ohio SO LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE soil; carbon; erosion; transport; empirical; runoff; watershed ID CORN-SOYBEAN ROTATION; GRASSLAND SOILS; SURFACE RUNOFF; EROSION; CULTIVATION; LANDSCAPE; QUALITY; TILLAGE; SASKATCHEWAN; DEPOSITION AB Improved quantification is needed for long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) transport in runoff at watershed scales. Coshocton wheel samplers were used to collect runoff samples from no-till and chisel-till watersheds in corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) rotations over 13 years. Samples were analyzed for SOC, N, P, K, and soil losses. The SOC losses, ranging from 0 to 357 kg ha(-1) event(-1), were correlated (r(2) = 0.80-0-94) in power law relationships with N, P, K, soil loss, and runoff. Two events occurring in corn when soybean and cover crop residue were present in no-till had combined SOC transport of 460 kg ha(-1), nearly double the no-till losses of a previous 11-year period and 20 times higher than chisel-till in the same events. Infrequent, extreme transport events that are not well characterized empirically, particularly in no-till, can strongly influence hydrologic C transport from agriculture watersheds. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Starr, G. C.] Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Owens, L.] USDA ARS, S Appalachian Expt Watershed, Coshoocton, OH 43812 USA. [Kimble, J.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Starr, GC (reprint author), Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM gordon.starr@ars.usda.gov RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1085-3278 J9 LAND DEGRAD DEV JI Land Degrad. Dev. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1002/ldr.806 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 281EW UT WOS:000254480700005 ER PT J AU Iverson, LR Prasad, AM AF Iverson, Louis R. Prasad, Anantha M. TI Modeling tsunami damage in Aceh: a reply SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE coastal forests; tsunami vulnerability; Random Forest; Aceh; mangrove ID FORESTS MITIGATED TSUNAMI; MANGROVE FORESTS; COASTAL VEGETATION; ASIAN TSUNAMI AB In reply to the critique of Baird and Kerr, we emphasize that our model is a generalized vulnerability model, built from easily acquired data from anywhere in the world, to identify areas with probable susceptibility to large tsunamis-and discuss their other criticisms in detail. We also show that a rejection of the role of trees in helping protect vulnerable areas is not justified in light of existing evidence. C1 [Iverson, Louis R.; Prasad, Anantha M.] USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Iverson, LR (reprint author), USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv, 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM liverson@fs.fed.us; aprasad@fs.fed.us RI Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1007/s10980-007-9180-9 PG 4 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 243KT UT WOS:000251796100003 ER PT J AU Kennedy, RSH Spies, TA Gregory, MJ AF Kennedy, Rebecca S. H. Spies, Thomas A. Gregory, Matthew J. TI Relationships of dead wood patterns with biophysical characteristics and ownership according to scale in Coastal Oregon, USA SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coarsewoody debris; snags; logs; legacy; forest management; landscape ecology; topography; forest history; climate; coast range ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; FOREST; DEBRIS; LANDSCAPE; DISTURBANCE; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; MOUNTAINS AB Dead wood patterns and dynamics vary with biophysical factors, disturbance history, ownership, and management practices; the relative importance of these factors is poorly understood, especially at landscape to regional scales. This study examined current dead wood amounts in the Coastal Province of Oregon, USA, at multiple spatial scales. Objectives were to: (1) describe current regional amounts of several characteristics of dead wood; (2) compare dead wood amounts across ownerships; (3) determine the relative importance, according to spatial scale, of biophysical and ownership characteristics, to regional dead wood abundance. Dead wood plot data were evaluated with respect to explanatory variables at four spatial scales of resolution: plots, subwatersheds, watersheds and subbasins. The relationships of dead wood characteristics with biophysical attributes and ownership were diverse and scale-specific. Region-wide dead wood abundance and types varied among ownerships, with public lands typically having higher amounts of dead wood and more large dead wood than private lands. Regression analysis of total dead wood volume indicated that ownership was important at the subbasin scale. Growing season moisture stress was important at plot, subwatershed, and watershed scales. Topography was important at the two coarser scales. Multivariate analysis of dead wood gradients showed that ownership was important at all scales, topography at the subbasin scale, historical vegetation at watershed and subbasin scales, and current vegetation at plot and subwatershed scales. Management for dead wood and related biodiversity at watershed to landscape scales should consider the distinct dynamics of snags and logs, the importance of historical effects, and the relevance of ownership patterns. C1 [Kennedy, Rebecca S. H.; Spies, Thomas A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gregory, Matthew J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kennedy, RSH (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rebeccakennedy@fs.fed.us NR 40 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 55 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s10980-007-9164-9 PG 14 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 243KT UT WOS:000251796100007 ER PT J AU Li, CL Absher, JD Graefe, AR Hsu, YC AF Li, Chieh-Lu Absher, James D. Graefe, Alan R. Hsu, Yi-Chung TI Services for culturally diverse customers in parks and recreation SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ethnicity; culture; values; diversity; customer services; parks and recreation ID VALUES AB Changes in racial and ethnic composition due to the increasing diversity in the United States are confronting managers of parks and recreation areas. Since cultural values influence perceptions and behaviors, studying cultural values among different groups is important for understanding perceptions of service quality and parks and recreation behavior. The purpose of this essay is to advocate the exploration of the relationship of cultural values and perceptions of service quality in the context of parks and recreation research. C1 [Li, Chieh-Lu] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Forestry, Taichung 402, Taiwan. [Absher, James D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Graefe, Alan R.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Hsu, Yi-Chung] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Hualien, Taiwan. RP Li, CL (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Forestry, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung 402, Taiwan. EM cx1345@gmail.com NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PY 2008 VL 30 IS 1 BP 87 EP 92 DI 10.1080/01490400701756493 PG 6 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 251VX UT WOS:000252405300006 ER PT J AU Floyd, MF Spengler, JO Maddock, JE Gobster, PH Suau, L AF Floyd, Myron F. Spengler, J. O. Maddock, Jay E. Gobster, Paul H. Suau, Luis TI Environmental and social correlates of physical activity in neighborhood parks: An observational study in Tampa and Chicago SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Active Living Research Confernce CY FEB 17-18, 2006 CL Coronado, CA DE active living; built environment; health benefits; neighborhood diversity; observational methods; SOPLAY; urban parks ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; LEISURE-TIME; URBAN PARKS; RECREATION; ETHNICITY; WOMEN; USERS AB This study used observational methods to examine physical activity (PA) and selected correlates in 28 parks in Tampa, Florida, and Chicago, Illinois. We observed 9,454 park users within predetermined activity zones and coded their activity as sedentary, walking (i.e., moderate intensity), or vigorous PA. In Tampa, higher temperature, unorganized activity, lower amounts of shade, lower neighborhood income, Hispanic neighborhood ethnicity, male gender and child age group were significantly associated with walking. Vigorous activity was not associated with income and ethnicity. Morning hours, unorganized activity, lower neighborhood income and African American neighborhood ethnicity were associated with walking in Chicago. Vigorous activity was associated with children, lower neighborhood income and African American ethnicity. Findings from this study can inform policy decisions and future research directions. C1 [Floyd, Myron F.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Spengler, J. O.; Suau, Luis] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Maddock, Jay E.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Gobster, Paul H.] USDA, Forest Serv, Evanston, IL USA. RP Floyd, MF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Pk Recreat & Tourism Management, Box 8004 Biltmore Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM myron_floyd@ncsu.edu RI Gobster, Paul/A-2826-2013; OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310; Maddock, Jay/0000-0002-1119-0300 NR 40 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PY 2008 VL 30 IS 4 BP 360 EP 375 DI 10.1080/01490400802165156 PG 16 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 324HD UT WOS:000257507900006 ER PT J AU Van Patten, SR Williams, DR AF Van Patten, Susan R. Williams, Daniel R. TI Problems in place: Using discursive social psychology to investigate the meanings of seasonal homes SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE discourse; discursive social psychology; interpretive repertoires; place meanings; seasonal homes; sense of place ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE CHANGE; SENSE; ATTACHMENT; CONSTRUCTION; ENVIRONMENT; DIMENSIONS; IDENTITIES; EXPERIENCE; ATTITUDE AB Researchers continue to explore the nature of place meanings and especially how these meanings are created, disseminated and contested. This paper uses the conceptual framework of discursive social psychology to identify varying interpretive frames homeowners use to characterize the meaning and significance of their seasonal homes as vacation and recreation residences. Among the frames are refuge from modern life, the importance or centrality of seasonal homes in people's lives, obligations and burdens entailed by maintaining dual residences and interactions within a community. The paper advocates for an approach to place meaning that acknowledges the social basis of meaning yet recognizes and focuses on how individuals appropriate and use interpretive frames to explain their relationships to place. C1 [Van Patten, Susan R.] Radford Univ, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism, Radford, VA 24142 USA. [Williams, Daniel R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Van Patten, SR (reprint author), Radford Univ, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism, POB 6963, Radford, VA 24142 USA. EM svanpatt@radford.edu RI Williams, Daniel/D-8114-2011 OI Williams, Daniel/0000-0003-2428-0345 NR 73 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PY 2008 VL 30 IS 5 BP 448 EP 464 DI 10.1080/01490400802353190 PG 17 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 354HV UT WOS:000259630600005 ER PT J AU Holt, SM Teresi, JM Cote, GL AF Holt, S. M. Teresi, J. M. Cote, G. L. TI Influence of alternansucrase-derived oligosaccharides and other carbohydrates on alpha-galactosidase and alpha-glucosidase activity in Bifidobacterium adolescentis SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alternansucrase; Bifidobacterium; galactosidase; glucosidase; oligosaccharides ID IN-VITRO; GROWTH; FERMENTATION; MICROBIOTA; BACTERIA AB Aims: To determine the influence of alternansucrase-derived oligosaccharides (AOS) and other carbohydrates on alpha-galactosidase and alpha-glucosidase activity in Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Methods and Results: Activities for alpha-galactosidase and alpha-glucosidase were determined from cell extracts of B. adolescentis grown on 18 test carbohydrates including AOS. alpha-galactosidase activity was enhanced on a variety of alpha-linked or beta-linked carbohydrates regardless of a galactoside or glucoside. alpha-glucosidase, however, was enhanced only on alpha-linked carbohydrates. AOS significantly enhanced enzyme activity compared with most of the carbohydrates tested. Most of the AOS showed significant increases in activity for both enzymes over that displayed by their corresponding acceptor carbohydrates. Conclusions: alpha-galactosidase may serve as a biomarker for microbial metabolic activity within the large intestine for potential prebiotics composed of alpha-linked or beta-linked oligosaccharides whereas alpha-glucosidase activity may be restricted to assessing the influence of only alpha-linked carbohydrates. The AOS synthesis process provided a value-added component to carbohydrates by increasing metabolic activity (via alpha-galactosidase and alpha-glucosidase) over certain acceptor carbohydrates. Significance and Impact of the Study: Fundamental knowledge of enzyme activity in Bifidobacterium may aid in the design of more effective prebiotics and may also help identify enzyme indicators of metabolic activity when assessing influence within the intestine. C1 [Holt, S. M.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Teresi, J. M.; Cote, G. L.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL USA. RP Holt, SM (reprint author), Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Waggoner Hall, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. EM sm-holt@wiu.edu NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 46 IS 1 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2007.02266.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 244JP UT WOS:000251862500013 PM 17971098 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, Gerhard TI Evaluation of ball and disc wear scar data in the HFRR lubricity test SO LUBRICATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; fatty acids; fatty acid alkyl esters; fatty compounds; diesel fuel; high-frequency reciprocating rig; hydrocarbons; lubricity; wear scar AB The high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) lubricity tester has become a widespread method for determining the lubricity of diesel fuels. The test is a ball-on-disc method, in which a steel ball scrapes over a steel disc immersed in the liquid to be tested. According to standards, the wear scar generated on the ball, in the form of the average of the x- and y-axes, is used for evaluating the lubricity of the sample. Generally, the smaller the wear scar, the greater the lubricity of the sample. However, a wear scar is also generated on the disc. The size of the wear scar on the disc also depends on the lubricity of the sample. In this work, the wear scar data of the balls and discs of 230 samples related to the testing of biodiesel and related compounds with petrodiesel were evaluated. Data comparisons for all wear scar combinations correlated well by linear regression. Although correlations are slightly better when using only ball wear scar data (r(2) > 0.99), other wear scar data, including those generated on the disc, appear just as useable (r(2) approximate to 0.97-0.99) for evaluating lubricity by the HFRR test. The wear scars on the disc have the advantage of being more easily measurable and recognisable under the microscope, especially if the wear scars are small. Limits for all wear scar values corresponding to current limits for average ball wear scar data in standards are presented. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0954-0075 J9 LUBR SCI JI Lubr. Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.1002/ls.51 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 463HM UT WOS:000267422500003 ER PT J AU Grabowski, JA Truong, VD Daubert, CR AF Grabowski, J. A. Truong, V. -D. Daubert, C. R. TI Nutritional and rheological characterization of spray dried sweetpotato powder SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spray dried sweetpotatoes; nutritional values; carotene isomerization; rheological properties ID BETA-CAROTENE; PUREE; VEGETABLES; PRODUCTS; VARIETY; ENZYMES; PROTEIN; STARCH; FRUITS; FLAKES AB Spray drying feasibility of sweetpotato puree is enhanced using alpha-amylase treatment to reduce puree viscosity and maltodextrin (MD) addition to facilitate drying. To better determine potential applications of powders produced with various levels of amylase and MD, nutrient composition and rheological properties of the hydrated spray dried sweetpotato powders were examined and compared with sweetpotato puree. Proximate composition, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and mineral analyses were performed. Steady shear rheology of reconstituted powder solutions was also evaluated at different temperatures and shear rates. Spray drying significantly reduced the beta-carotene and ascorbic acid contents. Additionally, the all-trans form of beta-carotene was further transformed to the cis-isomers during dehydration. The viscosity of the reconstituted solutions was much lower than that of the puree at the same solid concentration. Rheologically, the reconstituted sweetpotato slurries behaved similarly to pregelatinized starch solutions. Thus, spray dried sweetpotato powders have a potential to enhance food systems as a thickener despite the need for increased nutrient retention. (C) 2007 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, S Atlantic Area, Food Sci Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), USDA ARS, S Atlantic Area, Food Sci Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM vtruong@unity.ncsu.edu NR 43 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 41 IS 2 BP 206 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.02.019 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 238LT UT WOS:000251449800003 ER PT J AU Goodner, KL AF Goodner, K. L. TI Practical retention index models of OV-101, DB-1, DB-5, and DB-Wax for flavor and fragrance compounds SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-ASSISTED PREDICTION; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY AB High-quality regression models of gas chromatographic retention indices were generated for OV-101 (R = 0.997), DB-1 (R = 0.998), DB-5 (R = 0.997), and DB-Wax (R = 0.982) using 91, 57, 94, and 102 compounds, respectively. The models were generated using a second-order equation including the cross product utilizing two easily obtained variables, boiling point and the log octanol-water coefficient. Additionally, a method for determining outlier data (the GOodner Outlier Determination (GOOD) method) is presented, which is a combination of several outlier tests and is less prone to discarding legitimate data. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. C1 USDA, ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33884 USA. RP Goodner, KL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33884 USA. EM goodner@citrus.usda.gov NR 28 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 41 IS 6 BP 951 EP 958 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.07.007 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 284ZH UT WOS:000254746600001 ER PT J AU Lee, JH Jones, KC Foglia, TA Lee, CR Akoh, CC Lee, KT AF Lee, Jeung H. Jones, Kerby C. Foglia, Thomas A. Lee, Cho-Rong Akoh, Casimir C. Lee, Ki-Teak TI High performance liquid chromatographic separation of interesterified palm oil with tributyrin SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE APCI mass spectrometry; evaporated light-scattering detection; high performance liquid chromatography; interesterification; palm oil; tributyrin ID STRUCTURED LIPIDS; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; SALATRIM; STABILITY; MIXTURES; FATS AB Short-chain triacylglycerol, tributyrin (glyceryl-sn-1,2,3-tri-butyric acids), was interesterified with palm oil to produce mixtures of structured triacylglycerol (SL-TAG) species as a low-calorie lipid. Lipozyme RM IM from Rhizomucor miehei, known as a 1,3-regioselective immobilized lipase, was used as a catalyst. During 24 h reaction, the reaction mixture was analyzed with Hypersil(R)BDSCPS high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column to determine neutral lipids composition. Also, the compositional changes of TAG, as well as monoacylglycerol (MAG)/diacylglycerol (DAG) as by-products, were determined. After 24 h, 5.8 g/100 g DAG was found in the reaction mixture, while 89.5 g/100 g TAG was observed. The reaction mixture was also analyzed with Nova-Pak(R) C18 and Chrompack Si60 columns for separation of SL-TAG species. It was found that the normal-phase (NP)-HPLC with Chrompack Si60 column readily separated SL-TAG species composed of short- and long-chain acyl residues. Further, mass spectrometer was employed for identifying the separated SL-TAG molecules. SL-TAG containing two butyryl and one long-chain acyl residue (e.g., PBB and OBB) were most abundant in the interesterified product. (C) 2007 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Cho-Rong; Lee, Ki-Teak] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Jones, Kerby C.; Foglia, Thomas A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Lee, Jeung H.; Akoh, Casimir C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lee, KT (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 220 Gung Dong, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM ktlee@cnu.ac.kr RI Akoh, Casimir/F-6460-2011 OI Akoh, Casimir/0000-0002-2323-9298 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 41 IS 8 BP 1446 EP 1451 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.08.021 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 314TL UT WOS:000256831700013 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM Martin, JJ AF Cardamone, Jeanette M. Martin, Justin J. TI Keratin Coatings for Wool: Shrinkproofing and Nanoparticle Delivery SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on (Bio)degradable Polymers from Renewable Resources CY NOV 18-21, 2007 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA DE enzyme; keratin; nanoparticle; silver; wool ID MEDIATED CROSS-LINKING; TRANSGLUTAMINASE; SILVER(I) AB Wool fabrics were treated with keratin hydrolysate in isolated systems, in systems incorporating a cross-linking enzyme, and in systems with nanoparticle silver. The dimensions of wool fabric were controlled after keratin applications and the strength of bleached wool fabric was improved. Keratin applications imparted these improved properties when applied alone and when applied with the enzyme. The enzyme was effective for in-situ, solid-state cross-linking of wool fabric, cross-linking keratin-to-keratin, and cross-linking keratin-to-fabric. To further improve the properties of wool, nanoparticle silver was produced in various shapes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of these particles showed discrete and isolated particles of size 8-100 nm, dependent on the preparation. A combination of TEM and UV-VIS spectroscopy was used to characterize these particles and scanning electron microscopy running in backscattered electron mode confirmed their placement on wool fibers. The application of nanoparticle silver to wool when co-added with keratin may both improve dimensional stability and impart antimicrobial efficacy. C1 [Cardamone, Jeanette M.; Martin, Justin J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Cardamone, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM jan.cardamone@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PY 2008 VL 272 BP 161 EP 166 DI 10.1002/masy.200851224 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 383LF UT WOS:000261674400024 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, RA Dionne, M AF MacKenzie, Richard A. Dionne, Michele TI Habitat heterogeneity: importance of salt marsh pools and high marsh surfaces to fish production in two Gulf of Maine salt marshes SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Secondary production; High salt marsh; Gulf of Maine; Fundulus heteroclitus ID MUMMICHOG FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; REED PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; NEW-ENGLAND; TIDAL MARSHES; GRASS SHRIMP; GUT CONTENTS; GROWTH; KILLIFISH; CREEK; POPULATION AB Both permanent high marsh pools and the intertidal surfaces of Spartina patens high marshes in southern Maine, USA, proved to be important habitat for resident mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus production. Manipulations of fish movement onto high marsh Surfaces revealed similar growth rates and production among fish that were (1) restricted to pools, (2) had access to known areas of marsh surface, or (3) had free access to the entire marsh, Smaller scale manipulations with marked fish revealed that males with access to the marsh surface accumulated significantly more biomass, often exhibited higher growth rates, and had a 1.6x greater production rate than males restricted to pools. Female production was only slightly higher for fish that could access the marsh compared to fish restricted to pools, While both pools and marsh surface appeared to support fish production, habitat partitioning also existed between sexes of mummichogs; males may rely more on the marsh surface for food while females rely more on pools. Growth and production of mummichogs in pools on the high marsh surface was lower than values reported from more southern, low marsh dominated systems. This was attributed to differences in (1) abiotic factors of salt marsh pools (this study) and tidal creeks and channels (other studies), (2) climate, and (3) tidal inundation and access time to the marsh surface. Fish production on the surface of Gulf of Maine high marsh ecosystems was equivalent to production in adjacent tidal creeks and channels. Thus, the high marsh surface proved to be an important habitat for supporting fish production in this region. C1 [MacKenzie, Richard A.; Dionne, Michele] Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA. [MacKenzie, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP MacKenzie, RA (reprint author), Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, 342 Laudholm Farm Rd, Wells, ME 04090 USA. EM rmackenzie@fs.fed.us FU University of Maine [NA16RG1034]; G. Ford Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve Postdoctordl Fellowship; The United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service's Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry in Honolulu, Hawaii FX This study was funded by the Maine State Sea Grant College Program at the University of Maine (NOAA grant. number NA16RG1034, project number R-0206) and by the G. Ford Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve Postdoctordl Fellowship. The United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service's Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry in Honolulu, Hawaii supported R.A.M. while working on this manuscript. Research was conducted in portions of the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge by permission of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank E. Brazer Jr., C. Ellis, M. Haas, J. Miller, L, Weintraub, and E. Wilson for their invaluable assistance in the field and the lab. We also thank J. Baldwin for his assistance with the statistical models used in this Study. NR 48 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2008 VL 368 BP 217 EP 230 DI 10.3354/meps07560 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 366VP UT WOS:000260511800020 ER PT J AU Bannerman, DD Rinaldi, M Vinyard, BT Laihia, J Leino, L AF Bannerman, D. D. Rinaldi, M. Vinyard, B. T. Laihia, J. Leino, L. BE Lam, TJGM TI Cis-urocanic acid protects against mammary tissue injury during intramammary Escherichia coli infection SO MASTITIS CONTROL: FROM SCIENCE TO PRACTICE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Mastitis Control - From Science to Practice CY SEP 30-OCT 02, 2008 CL The Hague, NETHERLANDS C1 [Bannerman, D. D.; Rinaldi, M.; Vinyard, B. T.] ARS, USDA, BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bannerman, DD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, BARC East, Bldg 1040,Rm 2, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM douglas.bannerman@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-8686-649-6 PY 2008 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA BHF87 UT WOS:000325272600034 ER PT J AU Kowles, RV Walch, MD Minnerath, JM Bernacchi, CJ Stec, AO Rines, HW Phillips, RL AF Kowles, R. V. Walch, M. D. Minnerath, J. M. Bernacchi, C. J. Stec, A. O. Rines, H. W. Phillips, R. L. TI Expression of C4 photosynthetic enzymes in oat-maize chromosome addition lines SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE CO2 compensation point; C4 photosynthesis; oat-maize addition lines; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase ID TRANSGENIC RICE PLANTS; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE; KRANZ ANATOMY; GENE; CHENOPODIACEAE; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; PYRUVATE; HYBRIDS AB Oat-maize addition lines are plants of oat (Avena sativa L.) (C3 photosynthesis) that include one or more chromosomes from maize (Zea mays L.) (C4 photosynthesis). Addition lines are available for every maize chromosome 1 through 10. These oat-maize addition lines and derivative radiation hybrid lines may be useful to determine the extent to which individual maize chromosomes contribute to C4 photosynthesis and for the identification of the. precise chromosomal regions involved in C4 photosynthesis. Investigations have been conducted that focused on the expression of two C4 enzymes in these oat-maize addition lines. RNA blot analysis showed C4-associated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPO mRNA expression in oat-maize addition lines containing maize chromosome 9 and 6 + 9, and C4-associated pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) mRNA expression in oat-maize addition lines containing chromosome 6 and 6 + 9. Protein immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies against PEPc and PPDK in leaf protein extracts further showed the translation of the detected mRNA. Indirect immunocytological tests on microtomed tissue using monoclonal antibodies against PEPc and PPDK showed gene expression for PEPc in mesophyll cells of OMA 9 and not in oat, and PPDK in mesophyll cells of OMA 6 and not in oat. Assays with leaf protein extracts showed elevated PEPc and PPDK enzyme activities in the oat-maize chromosome 9 and 6 lines, respectively. The CO2 compensation point of oat-maize addition line 9 was comparable to normal oat (Q). The CO2 compensation points of oat-maize addition lines 6 and the 6 + 9 combination were significantly lower than normal oat, but the lines still responded more like C3 than C4 photosynthesis with the difference possibly due to oat genotype background effects. C1 [Kowles, R. V.; Minnerath, J. M.] St Marys Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, Winona, MN 55987 USA. [Walch, M. D.; Stec, A. O.; Rines, H. W.; Phillips, R. L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bernacchi, C. J.] Illinois State Water Survey, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Rines, H. W.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Phillips, R. L.] Univ Minnesota, Microbial & Plant Genom Inst, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kowles, RV (reprint author), St Marys Univ Minnesota, Dept Biol, 700 Terrace Hts, Winona, MN 55987 USA. EM dkowles@smumn.edu OI Bernacchi, Carl/0000-0002-2397-425X NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 8 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2008 VL 53 IS 1 BP 69 EP 78 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 330WB UT WOS:000257972400009 ER PT J AU Van Esbroeck, GA Corral, JAR Gonzalez, JJS Holland, JB AF Van Esbroeck, G. A. Ruiz Corral, J. A. Sanchez Gonzalez, J. J. Holland, J. B. TI A COMPARISON OF LEAF APPEARANCE RATES AMONG TEOSINTE, MAIZE LANDRACES AND MODERN MAIZE SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE Teosinte; Maize; Phyllochron; Leaf appearance ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GRASS LEAF; TEMPERATURE; PHYLLOCHRON; INITIATION; PHOTOPERIOD; RACES; RICE; ELONGATION; CULTIVARS AB The rate at which successive new leaves emerge at the stein apex in gramineae (phyllochron) is largely controlled by temperature. Utilizing genetic variation for the phyllochron may be a way to alter plants' responses to the environment or to manipulate time to maturity. Little is known about possible genetic variation in the phyllochron among maize landraces, its ancestor teosinte and modern maize. Controlled environment (phytotron) and field studies were conducted to investigate possible genetic variation for the phyllochron among seven maize (Zea mays) landraces (Apachito, Chapalote, Conico, Tabloncillo, Tehua, Tuxpeno, and Zapalote Chico) sampled from the center of maize diversity in Mexico, a modern US maize hybrid (B73 x Mo17, and two teosintes (Zea diploperennis and Z. mays ssp. parviglumis). In the phytotron the phyllochron was determined for three day/night temperature regimes (22/18, 27/21 and 33/25 degrees C under a 12 h photoperiod. Genetic variation for the phyllochron among the genotypes was observed in the phytotron and field, however, it was small with extreme Values Of about +/-15% of the mean. A generally similar phyllochron for modern maize and its wild relatives suggested that this trait has been conserved despite thousands of years of human and natural selection. A similar leaf development rate among genotypes which varied widely for final leaf numbers (14-24) indicated that early flowering in some landraces was almost exclusively due to earlier floral initiation. C1 [Van Esbroeck, G. A.; Holland, J. B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ruiz Corral, J. A.] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales & Agropecuarias, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. [Sanchez Gonzalez, J. J.] Univ Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Holland, JB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM James_Holland@ncsu.edu OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2008 VL 53 IS 2 BP 117 EP 123 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 383VH UT WOS:000261701800006 ER PT J AU Eller, MS Robertson-Hoyt, LA Payne, GA Holland, JB AF Eller, M. S. Robertson-Hoyt, L. A. Payne, G. A. Holland, J. B. TI GRAIN YIELD AND FUSARIUM EAR ROT OF MAIZE HYBRIDS DEVELOPED FROM LINES WITH VARYING LEVELS OF RESISTANCE SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE Maize; Fusarium ear rot; Fumonisin ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION; VERTICILLIOIDES; CORN; MONILIFORME; MYCOTOXINS; FEEDS; TEXAS AB Fusarium ear rot, caused by Fusarium verticillioides and other Fusarium spp. is found in all U.S. maize (Zea mays L.) growing regions. Affected grain often contains carcinogenic mycotoxins called fumonisins. We tested the hypothesis that inbred lines with greater resistance to fumonisin contamination would produce hybrids with greater ear rot resistance and greater resistance to Yield loss Under artificial inoculation with Fusarium? spp. Grain yield and Fusarium ear rot were measured under artificially inoculated and noninoculated conditions in two groups of hybrids created by topcrossing lines which exhibited either high or low levels of ear rot and fumonisin accumulation as early generation backcross lines per se in a previous Study. Our results demonstrated that Our hypothesis is not universally valid: the two groups of hybrids did not have significantly different ear rot or yield, perhaps because of generally low levels of ear rot observed in the testing environments. C1 [Eller, M. S.; Holland, J. B.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Payne, G. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Holland, JB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jim.holland@ars.usda.gov OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 FU Illinois Foundation Seeds [GE440, FR1064] FX The authors Would like to acknowledge Dr. Don White, University of Illinois, for beginning the backcross work with GE440 and FR1064, and Illinois Foundation Seeds for granting permission to use FR1064 in these studies. We also gratefully acknowledge Scott Reed, Kathleen Starr, Stella Salvo, Marco Oropeza-Rosas, Nate Coles and Andrea Dolezal for field assistance, and valuable discussion. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2008 VL 53 IS 3-4 BP 231 EP 237 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 462ZP UT WOS:000267398000009 ER PT J AU Stergiopoulou, T De Lucca, AJ Meletiadis, J Sein, T Boue, SM Schaufele, R Roilides, E Ghannoum, M Walsh, TJ AF Stergiopoulou, Theodouli De Lucca, Anthony J. Meletiadis, Joseph Sein, Tin Boue, Stephen M. Schaufele, Robert Roilides, Emmanuel Ghannoum, Mahmoud Walsh, Thomas J. TI In vitro activity of CAY-1, a saponin from Capsicum frutescens, against Microsporum and Trichophyton species SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dermatophytes; Capsicum frutenses; saponin ID FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; PLANT-EXTRACTS; DERMATOPHYTES AB Dermatomycoses are among the world's most common diseases and their incidence has increased over recent years, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. In previous studies, the saponin CAY-1 from cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens), has shown antifungal activities against Candida albicans and Aspergillus spp. We therefore studied the in vitro antifungal activity of CAY-1 against non-germinating conidia and hyphae of clinical isolates of the dermatophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans and Microsporum canis. We used a microdilution method to assess the growth inhibitory activities of CAY-1 against conidia (CLSI document M38-A) and a colorimetric procedure (XTT method) to investigate the metabolic inhibitory activity of CAY-1 against hyphae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (complete visual growth inhibition) of CAY-1 against non-germinating conidia ranged from 10-20 g/ml for all dermatophyte isolates included in this investigation. In addition, we found 90% inhibition of hyphal metabolic activity of these same isolates with 10-20 g/ml of CAY-1. Results indicate that CAY-1 merits further investigation as a potential agent for the treatment of dermatomycoses. C1 [Stergiopoulou, Theodouli; Meletiadis, Joseph; Sein, Tin; Schaufele, Robert; Roilides, Emmanuel; Walsh, Thomas J.] NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [De Lucca, Anthony J.; Boue, Stephen M.] USDA, So Reg Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Meletiadis, Joseph] Univ Gen Hosp Attikon, Sch Med, Lab Clin Microbiol, Athens, Greece. [Sein, Tin] SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD USA. [Stergiopoulou, Theodouli; Roilides, Emmanuel] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hosp, Pediat Dept 3, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Ghannoum, Mahmoud] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Walsh, TJ (reprint author), NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Bldg 10,Rm 1-5888, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM walsht@mail.nih.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PY 2008 VL 46 IS 8 BP 805 EP 810 AR PII 792965086 DI 10.1080/13693780802089831 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 369FV UT WOS:000260680700005 PM 18608885 ER PT J AU Asztalos, BF Collins, D Horvath, KV Bloomfield, HE Robins, SJ Schaefer, EJ AF Asztalos, Bela F. Collins, Dorothea Horvath, Katalin V. Bloomfield, Hanna E. Robins, Sander J. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Relation of gemfibrozil treatment and high-density lipoprotein subpopulation profile with cardiovascular events in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FIBRIC ACID-DERIVATIVES; HDL SUBPOPULATIONS; ARTERY-DISEASE; COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA; SECONDARY PREVENTION; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; TRANSFER PROTEIN AB The significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) event reduction in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial (VA-HIT) could not be fully explained by the 6% increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with the fibrate gemfibrozil. We examined whether measurement of HDL subpopulations provided additional information relative to CVD risk reduction. The HDL subpopulations were characterized by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis in subjects who were treated with gemfibrozil (n = 754) or placebo (n = 741). In this study, samples obtained at the 3-month visit were used; and data were analyzed prospectively using CVD events (coronary heart disease death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) during the 5.1 years of follow-up. Analyses in the gemfibrozil arm showed that subjects with recurrent CVD events had significantly higher pre beta-1 and had significantly lower alpha-1 and alpha-2 HDL levels than those without such events. Pre beta-1 level was a significant positive predictor; alpha-1 and alpha-2 levels were significant negative risk factors for future CVD events. alpha-2 level was superior to HDL cholesterol level in CVD-risk assessment after adjustment for established risk factors. Gemfibrozil treatment was associated with 3% to 6% decreases in the small, lipid-poor pre beta-1 HDL and in the large, lipid-rich alpha-1 and alpha-2 HDL and with increases in the small alpha-3 (3%) and pre alpha-3 (16%) HDLs. Although the use of gemfibrozil has been associated with reduction in CVD events in VA-HIT, HDL subpopulation analysis indicates that gemfibrozil-mediated improvement in C VD risk might not be the result of its effects on HDL. It is quite possible that much of the cardiovascular benefits of gemfibrozil are due to a much wider spectrum of effects on metabolic processes that is not reflected by changes in blood lipids and HDL subpopulations. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Asztalos, Bela F.; Horvath, Katalin V.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Collins, Dorothea] Vet Affairs Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating, Dept Vet Affairs, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. [Bloomfield, Hanna E.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. [Robins, Sander J.] Boston Univ, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Asztalos, BF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM beta.asztalos@tufts.edu OI bloomfield, hanna/0000-0002-0756-7064 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-64738, R01 HL064738-04, R01 HL064738] NR 29 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 57 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.08.009 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 245IX UT WOS:000251929400010 PM 18078862 ER PT S AU Anderson, RA AF Anderson, Richard A. BE Collery, P Maymard, I Theophanides, T Khassanova, L Collery, T TI Insulin resistance and body weight: recent human studies documenting the benefits of supplemental chromium SO METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, VOL 10 SE METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine CY MAY 19-22, 2008 CL Bastia, FRANCE SP Polyclin Maymard ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; GLUCOSE-INTOLERANCE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; PICOLINATE; TRIAL AB The essentiality of chromium for humans was confirmed more than three decades ago with the studies showing that patients on total parenteral nutritrion (TPN) developed severe diabetic-like symptoms that could be reversed by the addition of chromium to their parenteral nutrition solutions. Since these studies, chromium has been routinely added to TPN solutions and numerous human studies have reported significant beneficial effects of supplemental chromium on free living subjects with insulin resistance, including those that are overweight or obese. Some reports have questioned the essentiality of chromium, since not all studies have reported beneficial effects of chromium, and have also stressed the toxicity of trivalent chromium. However, these reports have not been confirmed. Recent double-blind, placebo controlled, human studies document the essentiality of trivalent chromium and demonstrate that the response to chromium is dependent upon the phenotype of the subjects. Other recent double blind, placebo controlled, human studies demonstrate that supplemental chromium improves QTc interval, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity and weight gain. However, not all well controlled studies report beneficial effects of supplemental chromium which is likely due to selection of subjects, chromium status of subjects, form of chromium used or unknown causes. Since overt chromium nutritional deficiencies are very unlikely to exist in populations eating varied diets, the lack of effects of supplemental chromium would be expected and well controlled chromium supplementation studies have documented this lack of response to supplemental chromium. This review will highlight human studies published within the last three years. C1 USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Anderson, RA (reprint author), USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT PI MONTROUGE PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE SN 1257-2535 BN 978-2-7420-0714-1 J9 METAL IONS BIOL MED JI Met. Ions Biol. Med. PY 2008 VL 10 BP 754 EP 757 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA BIC67 UT WOS:000258426900126 ER PT B AU Takeoka, G Dao, L AF Takeoka, Gary Dao, Lan BE Hurst, WJ TI Anthocyanins SO METHODS OF ANALYSIS FOR FUNCTIONAL FOODS AND NUTRACEUTICALS, SECOND EDITION SE Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CAPILLARY-ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DESORPTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHOTODIODE-ARRAY DETECTION; GRAPE SKIN EXTRACTS; COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACYLATED ANTHOCYANINS; RED WINES; CYANIDIN 3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE; MALONATED ANTHOCYANINS C1 [Takeoka, Gary; Dao, Lan] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Takeoka, G (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. NR 128 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-7314-5 J9 FUNCT FOOD NUTRA SER PY 2008 BP 247 EP 276 PG 30 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BKA91 UT WOS:000267621700005 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Van Hekken, DL Cooke, PH AF Tunick, M. H. Van Hekken, Diane L. Cooke, P. H. TI Rheology and microstructure of Queso Blanco as affected by pressing procedure and storage conditions SO MILCHWISSENSCHAFT-MILK SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Queso Blanco (rheology, microstructure, pressing procedure; storage conditiuons) ID AMERICAN WHITE CHEESE; MANUFACTURE; CREAM AB Queso Blanco, a popular Hispanic-style cheese, was pressed using either a vertical press or a compression molder, and then stored under different conditions to determine if its rheological characteristics, and thus its consumer acceptance, would be affected. Texture profile analysis, torsion testing, and small amplitude oscillatory shear analyses indicated that pressing procedure, length of storage (up to 12 wk), temperature of storage (4 or 10 degrees C), and temperature abuse (repeatedly allowing the cheese to reach 20 degrees C) did not appreciably change the fracture, elastic, or viscous properties of the cheese. Electron microscopy showed that the microstructure of all of the cheeses consisted of a mesh of discrete curd particles and fat globules. Although the globules aggregated over time, the rheology of the cheese was unaffected by pressing method or by temperature. Queso Blanco may be stored with temperature abuse for up to 3 mo at 4-10 degrees C without influencing the rheology, and therefore the quality, of the product. C1 [Tunick, M. H.; Van Hekken, Diane L.; Cooke, P. H.] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Michael.Tunick@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU A V A AGRARVERLAG PI KEMPTEN PA PROSCHESTR 2, 87437 KEMPTEN, GERMANY SN 0026-3788 J9 MILCHWISSENSCHAFT JI Milchwiss.-Milk Sci. Int. PY 2008 VL 63 IS 2 BP 157 EP 160 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 286SJ UT WOS:000254866000011 ER PT J AU Hachana, Y Kraiem, K Hani, K Haddad, B Paape, MJ AF Hachana, Y. Kraiem, K. Hani, K. Haddad, B. Paape, M. J. TI Effects of time storage and analytical temperature on Fossomatic cell counts in cows milk SO MILCHWISSENSCHAFT-MILK SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE somatic cells (effects of time and temperature) ID GOAT MILK; QUALITY; SAMPLES AB This study evaluated the effects of time of storage and analytical temperature on the somatic cell count (SCC) in cow milk. To this end, counts were performed on 1200 cow milk samples using a flow cytometry cell counter (Fossomatic 400). The conditions tested were analytical temperature, use of a preservative [without preservative (WP) and with bronopol (BR)], and age of the milk. Tests were performed at two temperatures (40 and 60 degrees C) on preservative-free samples, 1 hour after collection and on samples preserved with potassium dichromate (PD), at 1 hour and at 1 to 4 days post-collection. Test temperature did not modify the SCC of the milk samples analyzed. Heating samples 1 h post-collection at 60 degrees C failed to improve the SCC results. Similar counts were obtained for PD-preserved samples stored for 1 to 4 d at 4 degrees C, suggesting the possibility of performing Fossomatic SCC on cow milk samples stored for this length of time. C1 [Hachana, Y.; Kraiem, K.] Ecole Super Hort & Elevage, Dept Anim Prod, Chott Meriem Sousse, Tunisia. [Hani, K.] Biochim Lab, Fac Med Ibn El Jazzar, Sousse 4002, Tunisia. [Haddad, B.] Inst Natl Agron Tunisia, Lab Sci Anim & Ressources Fourrageres, Tunis 1082, Tunisia. [Paape, M. J.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hachana, Y (reprint author), Ecole Super Hort & Elevage, Dept Anim Prod, Chott Meriem Sousse, Tunisia. EM hachana@yahoo.fr NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU A V A AGRARVERLAG PI KEMPTEN PA PROSCHESTR 2, 87437 KEMPTEN, GERMANY SN 0026-3788 J9 MILCHWISSENSCHAFT JI Milchwiss.-Milk Sci. Int. PY 2008 VL 63 IS 3 BP 267 EP 269 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 330WD UT WOS:000257972600010 ER PT J AU Rowell, RM O'Neill, E Krzysik, A Bossmasn, D Galloway, DF Hemenover, M AF Rowell, Roger M. O'Neill, Eric Krzysik, Andrzej Bossmasn, David Galloway, Dale F. Hemenover, Monte TI Industrial application of animal manure filled thermoplastics SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials CY JUL 08-12, 2007 CL Cracow, POLAND DE animal manures; bending; dairy; HDPE; HDPP; MOE; MOR; strength; swine; thermoplastics AB Animal agriculture is under increasing pressure to produce more and more meat, milk and eggs giving rise to an increasing amount of manures. In the past, manures have been viewed as a waste byproduct used mainly as a fertilizer that has a value of 2 to 4 cents per dry pound. We need to change our view of manures from waste to asset. Destroying manures by burning or lagooning may solve the environmental problem but it does nothing to add to animal income. One of the alternatives is to use animal manures in industrial products. Based on past research at the Forest Products Laboratory in the area of wood and agricultural flours and fibers as fillers in thermoplastics, this research program uses swine and cow manures as reinforcing fillers in HDPE and HDPP. This is a win-win situation as it increases the value of the animal manures, decreases the cost and improves mechanical properties of the thermoplastic composites. A 40% blend of dry swine manure with HDPE and 2% MAPE gives a composite with MOE in bending of 1.31 GPa and MOR of 34.7MPa as compared to unfilled HDPE MOE of 0.75 GPa and MOR of 15.1 MPa. A 40% blend of dry dairy manure with HDPE and 2% MAPE gives a composite gives MOE in bending of 2.18 GPa and MOR 21.9 MPa as compared to 40% pine flour with 2% MAPE MOE 2.98 and MOR 33.4 MPa. C1 [Rowell, Roger M.; O'Neill, Eric; Krzysik, Andrzej] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Rowell, Roger M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Bossmasn, David; Galloway, Dale F.; Hemenover, Monte] PNC Prod LLC, St Louis, MO USA. RP Rowell, RM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM rmrowell@wisc.edu NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 2008 VL 484 BP 616 EP 622 DI 10.1080/15421400801904609 PG 7 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 305NT UT WOS:000256185800023 ER PT J AU Rowell, RM McSweeny, JD AF Rowell, Roger M. McSweeny, James D. TI Heat treatments of wood fibers for self-bonding and stabilized fiberboards SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials CY JUL 08-12, 2007 CL Cracow, POLAND DE closed press; dimensional stability; EMC; furans; heat treatments; MOE; MOR; steam ID KENAF CORE; BINDERLESS PARTICLEBOARD; DIMENSIONAL STABILITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; STEAM TREATMENT; LIGNOCELLULOSICS; DIGESTIBILITY; TEMPERATURES; MANUFACTURE; COMPOSITES AB Heat treatment of wood fibers in a closed press for 4 and 8 minutes and pressed into fiberboards greatly reduces moisture regain and increases dimensional stability of the boards. Part of the hemicellulose sugars are lost during the steam treatment and furan intermediates were detected. Mannose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and rhamnose were partially lost during the steaming process. The steam treated boards have lower strength as compared to adhesive added boards but they do not fall apart when placed in water. C1 [Rowell, Roger M.; McSweeny, James D.] USDA, FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Rowell, Roger M.; McSweeny, James D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Rowell, RM (reprint author), USDA, FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM rmrowell@wisc.edu NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 2008 VL 483 BP 307 EP 325 DI 10.1080/15421400801918179 PG 19 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 305NS UT WOS:000256185700030 ER PT J AU Boving, TB Klement, J Rowell, R Xing, B AF Boving, T. B. Klement, J. Rowell, R. Xing, B. TI Effectiveness of wood and bark in removing organic and inorganic contaminates from aqueous solution SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials CY JUL 08-12, 2007 CL Cracow, POLAND DE bark; copper; PAH; runoff; treatment; water contamination; wood fibers ID HEAVY-METAL IONS AB The focus of this study was on aspen wood and other lignocellulosic materials for removing organic and inorganic contaminants typically present in stormwater runoff. The study demonstrated that aspen wood fibers remove PAHs from the aqueous solution. Removal increased with increasing molecular weight of the PAH, but did not seem to be related to the lignin content of the wood. In addition, bark from trees and other agricultural residues have been investigated as a noncompetitive sorbent for copper II ion. It has been found that barks that are high in tannins are the most effective filtration media from all of the agricultural residues tested. These results suggest that filters made from wood or bark could find applications in wastewater treatment and control of roadway runoff pollutants. C1 [Boving, T. B.; Klement, J.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Rowell, R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Rowell, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Xing, B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Boving, TB (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM boving@uri.edu NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 2008 VL 483 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.1080/15421400801918146 PG 9 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 305NS UT WOS:000256185700032 ER PT J AU Manolache, S Jiang, H Rowell, RM Denes, FS AF Manolache, S. Jiang, H. Rowell, R. M. Denes, F. S. TI Hydrophobic wood surfaces generated by non-equilibrium, atmospheric pressure (NEAPP) plasma-enhanced coating SO MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials CY JUL 08-12, 2007 CL Cracow, POLAND DE plasma processing; polymer liquid crystals; surface energy AB NEAPP plasma-enhanced process is used to convert high molecular weight, liquid phase polymeric materials that were previously deposited on wood surfaces as thin layers, into hydrophobic, solid state networks. The entrapment of polymeric structures in the surface layers of wood samples and controlled plasma-processing performed in the next step allowed the generation of totally reduced water penetration and still a controlled surface energy. C1 [Manolache, S.; Jiang, H.; Rowell, R. M.; Denes, F. S.] Univ Winconsin, Ctr Plasma Aided Mfg, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Rowell, RM (reprint author), USDA, FS, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM rmrowell@wisc.edu RI Jiang, Hongquan/D-4149-2009 NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1542-1406 J9 MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST JI Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. PY 2008 VL 483 BP 348 EP 351 DI 10.1080/15421400801917486 PG 4 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 305NS UT WOS:000256185700033 ER PT J AU Grivet, D Sork, VL Westfall, RD Davis, FW AF Grivet, Delphine Sork, Victoria L. Westfall, Robert D. Davis, Frank W. TI Conserving the evolutionary potential of California valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee): a multivariate genetic approach to conservation planning SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Summit on Evolutionary Change in Human-Altered Environments CY FEB 08-10, 2007 CL Inst Environm, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA HO Inst Environm, Univ Calif Los Angeles DE allelic richness; canonical trend surface analysis; colonization; gene flow; Geographic Information System ID COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; GEOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE; PLANT-POPULATIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PATTERNS; DIVERSITY; POLLEN; MULTILOCUS; PETRAEA AB California valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee) is a seriously threatened endemic oak species in California and a keystone species for foothill oak ecosystems. Urban and agricultural development affects a significant fraction of the species' range and predicted climate change is likely to dislocate many current populations. Here, we explore spatial patterns of multivariate genotypes and genetic diversity throughout the range of valley oak to determine whether ongoing and future patterns of habitat loss could threaten the evolutionary potential of the species by eradicating populations of distinctive genetic composition. This manuscript will address three specific questions: (i) What is the spatial genetic structure of the chloroplast and nuclear genetic markers? (ii) What are the geographical trends in the distribution of chloroplast and nuclear genotypes? (iii) Is there any part of the species' range where allelic diversity in either the chloroplast or nuclear genomes is particularly high? We analysed six chloroplast and seven nuclear microsatellite genetic markers of individuals widespread across the valley oak range. We then used a multivariate approach correlating genetic markers and geographical variables through a canonical trend surface analysis, followed by GIS mapping of the significant axes. We visualized population allelic richness spatially with GIS tools to identify regions of high diversity. Our findings, based on the distribution of multivariate genotypes and allelic richness, identify areas with distinctive histories and genetic composition that should be given priority in reserve network design, especially because these areas also overlap with landscape change and little degree of protection. Thus, without a careful preservation plan, valuable evolutionary information will be lost for valley oak. C1 [Grivet, Delphine; Sork, Victoria L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Grivet, Delphine; Sork, Victoria L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Grivet, Delphine] CIFOR INIA, Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Syst & Resources, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Westfall, Robert D.] USN, USDA Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Davis, Frank W.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Sork, VL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Box 951606, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM vlsork@ucla.edu RI Grivet, Delphine/G-9708-2012; Davis, Frank/B-7010-2009; OI Grivet, Delphine/0000-0001-8168-4456; Davis, Frank/0000-0002-4643-5718; Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322 NR 92 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 139 EP 156 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03498.x PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 242QM UT WOS:000251740500012 PM 17868293 ER PT J AU Slotta, TAB Brady, L Chao, S AF Slotta, Tracey A. Bodo Brady, Lee Chao, Shiaoman TI High throughput tissue preparation for large-scale genotyping experiments SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE field collection; genetic screening; genotyping; silica gel ID DNA EXTRACTION; PCR AMPLIFICATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CLONAL ORGANISMS; CIRSIUM-ARVENSE; CANADA THISTLE; PRESERVATION; MARKERS; FECES AB A fast, efficient technique is described for the extraction of DNA from a large number of samples. The applications of this method include population genetics, plant breeding, and genetic screening. In the field, samples are collected in premeasured silica gel aliquots in polypropylene blocks, which are later used to grind the dried tissue. This permits naturalists, breeders, and collaborators to collect a large number of samples in a short amount of time and allows the samples to dry quickly during shipping. No phenol or chloroform steps are required to obtain high-quality DNA. Samples representing 12 plant families, three invertebrates, and a mammal were included. Quantities of DNA obtained were consistent with or better than other techniques. The quality of samples was tested by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region. Test amplifications were successful, confirming the quality of extracted DNA. C1 [Slotta, Tracey A. Bodo; Brady, Lee; Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Slotta, TAB (reprint author), Plant Transformat Facil, UMBI SG, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM tslotta@comcast.net NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 1 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01907.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 271ZL UT WOS:000253827100011 PM 21585722 ER PT J AU Zalapa, JE Brunet, J Guries, RP AF Zalapa, J. E. Brunet, J. Guries, R. P. TI Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for red elm (Ulmus rubra Muhl.) and cross-species amplification with Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila L.) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE cross-species amplification; SSR; Ulmus laevis; Ulmus minor ID LOCI AB Ulmus pumila is an elm species, non-native to the USA that hybridizes with Ulmus rubra. In order to study the genetic structure and hybridization patterns between these two elm species, we developed 15 primer pairs for microsatellite loci in U. rubra and tested their cross-amplification in U. pumila. All 15 primers amplified in both species, 11 of which possessed species-specific alleles. Eight loci were polymorphic in U. pumila and eight in U. rubra, each with two to eight alleles per locus. In addition, five primer pairs previously developed in U. laevis and U. carpinifolia (syn. U. minor) cross-amplified and showed polymorphic loci in U. pumila and/or U. rubra. These markers will facilitate the study of genetic structure and gene flow between U. rubra and exotic, invasive U. pumila. C1 [Zalapa, J. E.; Brunet, J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Unit,Agr Res Serv, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zalapa, J. E.; Guries, R. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Zalapa, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Unit,Agr Res Serv, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jezalapa@wisc.edu NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 1 BP 109 EP 112 DI 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01805.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 271ZL UT WOS:000253827100018 PM 21585729 ER PT J AU Peters, MB Beard, KH Hagen, C O'Neill, EM Mock, KE Pitt, WC Glenn, TC AF Peters, Maureen B. Beard, Karen H. Hagen, Cris O'Neill, Eric M. Mock, Karen E. Pitt, William C. Glenn, Travis C. TI Isolation of microsatellite loci from the coqui frog, Eleutherodactylus coqui SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE amphibian; conservation genetics; invasive species; population structure; primer; Puerto Rico ID DNA LOCI; HAWAII AB Thirteen microsatellite loci were isolated from the coqui frog (Eleutherodactylus coqui) and optimized for future research. The loci were screened across 37 individuals from two Puerto Rican populations. Loci were variable with the number of alleles per locus ranging from three to 38. Polymorphic information content ranged from 0.453 to 0.963 and observed heterozygosity for each population ranged from 0.320 to 0.920. C1 [Peters, Maureen B.; Hagen, Cris; Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Beard, Karen H.; Mock, Karen E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources & Ecol Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [O'Neill, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Pitt, William C.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hilo Field Stn, HI 96721 USA. RP Peters, MB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM peters@srel.edu RI Mock , Karen/C-1418-2011; Glenn, Travis/A-2390-2008; Beard, Karen/B-7177-2011 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-8278 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 1 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01899.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 271ZL UT WOS:000253827100027 PM 21585738 ER PT J AU Wang, CL Ulloa, M Roberts, PA AF Wang, Congli Ulloa, Mauricio Roberts, Philip A. TI A transgressive segregation factor (RKN2) in Gossypium barbadense for nematode resistance clusters with gene rkn1 in G-hirsutum SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE cotton; Gossypium barbadense; Gossypium hirsutum; mapping; Meloidogyne incognita; resistance gene cluster; root-knot nematodes; transgressive segregation ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; UPLAND COTTON CULTIVARS; WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; DOUBLED-HAPLOID LINES; WILT DISEASE COMPLEX; F-SP TRITICI; STRIPE RUST; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA AB Host plant resistance is an important strategy for managing root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in cotton (Gossypium L.). Here we report evidence for enhanced resistance in interspecific crosses resulting from transgressive segregation of clustered gene loci. Recently, a major gene, rkn1, on chromosome 11 for resistance to M. incognita in cv. Acala NemX was identified using an intraspecific G. hirsutum cross with susceptible cv. Acala SJ-2. Using interspecific crosses of Acala NemX x susceptible G. barbadense cv. Pima S-7, F-1, F-2, F-2:3, backcross, and testcross Acala NemX x F-1 (Pima S-7 x SJ-2), parental entries and populations were inoculated in greenhouse tests with M. incognita. Genetic analyses based on nematode-induced root galling and nematode egg production on roots, and molecular marker analysis of the segregating interspecific populations revealed that gene rkn1 interacted with a gene (designated as RKN2) in susceptible Pima S-7 to produce a highly resistant phenotype. RKN2 did not confer resistance in Pima S-7, but when combined with rkn1 (genotype Aa or aa), high levels of resistance were produced in the F-1 and segregating F-2, F-3, and BC1F1 populations. One SSR marker MUCS088 was identified tightly linked to RKN2 within 4.4 cM in a NemX x F-1 (Pima S-7 x SJ-2) testcross population. Using mapped SSR markers and interspecific segregating populations, MUCS088 linked to the transgressive gene from the susceptible parent and was located in the vicinity of rkn1 on chromosome 11. Diverse genome analyses among A and D genome diploid and tetraploid cottons revealed that marker MUCS088 (165 and 167 bp) is derived from G. arboreum, A(2) diploid genome. These results demonstrated that a highly susceptible parent contributed to nematode resistance via transgressive segregation. Derived highly resistant lines can be used as improved resistance sources in cotton breeding, and MUCS088 can be used to monitor RKN2 introgression in diverse populations. The close genomic location of the transgressive resistance determinants provides an important model system for studying transgressive segregation and epistasis in plants. C1 [Wang, Congli; Roberts, Philip A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ulloa, Mauricio] USDA ARS, Western Integrat Cropping Syst, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. RP Roberts, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM philip.roberts@ucr.edu NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1617-4615 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JAN PY 2008 VL 279 IS 1 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s00438-007-0292-3 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 240PX UT WOS:000251600600004 PM 17940800 ER PT J AU Ameline-Torregrosa, C Cazaux, M Danesh, D Chardon, F Cannon, SB Esquerre-Tugaye, MT Dumas, B Young, ND Samac, DA Huguet, T Jacquet, C AF Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine Cazaux, Marc Danesh, Dariush Chardon, Fabien Cannon, Steven B. Esquerre-Tugaye, Marie-Therese Dumas, Bernard Young, Nevin D. Samac, Deborah A. Huguet, Thierry Jacquet, Christophe TI Genetic dissection of resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew in Medicago truncatula SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE biotrophic pathogen; disease; fungi; legumes ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GERM PLASM COLLECTION; COLLETOTRICHUM-TRIFOLII; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PHYTOPHTHORA RESISTANCE; RACE-2 ANTHRACNOSE; ERYSIPHE-PISI; MODEL; IDENTIFICATION; INHERITANCE AB Medicago truncatula was used to characterize resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew caused by Colletotrichum trifolii and Erysiphe pisi, respectively. Two isolates of E. pisi (Ep-p from pea and Ep-a from alfalfa) and two races of C. trifolii (races 1 and 2) were used in this study. The A17 genotype was resistant and displayed a hypersensitive response after inoculation with either pathogen, while lines F83005.5 and DZA315.16 were susceptible to anthracnose and powdery mildew, respectively. To identify the genetic determinants underlying resistance in A17, two F7 recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, LR4 (A17 x DZA315.16) and LR5 (A17 x F83005.5), were phenotyped with E. pisi isolates and C trifolii races, respectively. Genetic analyses showed that i) resistance to anthracnose is governed mainly by a single major locus to both races, named Ct1 and located on the upper part of chromosome 4; and ii) resistance to powdery mildew involves three distinct loci, Epp1 on chromosome 4 and Epa1 and Epa2 on chromosome 5. The use of a consensus genetic map for the two RIL populations revealed that Ct1 and Epp1, although located in the same genome region, were clearly distinct. In silico analysis in this region identified the presence of several clusters of nucleotide binding site leucine-rich repeat genes. Many of these genes have atypical resistance gene analog structures and display differential expression patterns in distinct stress-related cDNA libraries. C1 [Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine; Cazaux, Marc; Esquerre-Tugaye, Marie-Therese; Dumas, Bernard; Jacquet, Christophe] CNRS UPS, UMR 5546, F-34326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Danesh, Dariush; Cannon, Steven B.; Young, Nevin D.; Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chardon, Fabien] INRA, Unit Nutr Azotee Plantes, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Samac, Deborah A.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Huguet, Thierry] Lab Symbiose & Pathol Plates SP2 Pole Biotechnol, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. RP Jacquet, C (reprint author), CNRS UPS, UMR 5546, Pole Biotechnol Vegetale 24 Chemin Borde Rouge, F-34326 Castanet Tolosan, France. EM jacquet@scsv.ups-tlse.fr RI Chardon, Fabien/G-4826-2013; Dumas, Bernard/D-1751-2009; jacquet, Christophe/B-2563-2009 OI Chardon, Fabien/0000-0001-7909-3884; Dumas, Bernard/0000-0002-4138-3533; NR 45 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 5 U2 23 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 21 IS 1 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-1-0061 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 241MN UT WOS:000251660600006 PM 18052883 ER PT J AU Glenn, AE Zitomer, NC Zimeri, AM Williams, LD Riley, RT Proctor, RH AF Glenn, Anthony E. Zitomer, Nicholas C. Zimeri, Anne Marie Williams, Lonnie D. Riley, Ronald T. Proctor, Robert H. TI Transformation-mediated complementation of a FUM gene cluster deletion in Fusarium verticillioides restores both fumonisin production and pathogenicity on maize seedlings SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Gibberella fujikuroi species complex; Gibberella moniliformis; Zea mays ID FUJIKUROI MATING POPULATION; SPHINGOLIPID METABOLISM; AAL-TOXIN; ZEA-MAYS; EAR ROT; GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; SPECIES COMPLEX; PULMONARY-EDEMA; BANANA FRUITS; BIOSYNTHESIS AB The filamentous ascomycete Fusarium verticillioides is a pathogen of maize and produces the fumonisin mycotoxins. However, a distinct population of E verticillioides is pathogenic on banana and does not produce fumonisins. Fumonisin-producing strains from maize cause leaf lesions, developmental abnormalities, stunting, and sometimes death of maize seedlings, whereas fumonisin-nonproducing banana strains do not. A Southern analysis of banana strains did not detect genes in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene (FUM) cluster but did detect genes flanking the cluster. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the genomic region carrying the flanking genes revealed that the FUM cluster was absent in banana strains except for portions of FUM21 and FUM19, which are the terminal genes at each end of the cluster. Polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the absence of the cluster in all banana strains examined. Co-transformation of a banana strain with two overlapping cosmids, which together contain the entire FUM cluster, yielded fumonisin-producing transformants that were pathogenic on maize seedlings. Conversely, maize strains that possess the FUM cluster but do not produce fumonisins because of mutations in FUM1, a polyketide synthase gene, were not pathogenic on maize seedlings. Together, the data indicate that fumonisin production may have been lost by deletion of the FUM cluster in the banana population of F. verticillioides but that fumonisin production could be restored by molecular genetic complementation. The results also indicate that fumonisin production by F. verticillioides is required for development of foliar disease symptoms on maize seedlings. C1 [Glenn, Anthony E.; Zitomer, Nicholas C.; Zimeri, Anne Marie; Williams, Lonnie D.; Riley, Ronald T.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycontoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Williams, Lonnie D.; Riley, Ronald T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Proctor, Robert H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Glenn, AE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycontoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM anthony.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 21 IS 1 BP 87 EP 97 DI 10.1094/MPMI-21-1-0087 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 241MN UT WOS:000251660600009 PM 18052886 ER PT J AU French, D Johnson, GP AF French, D. Johnson, G. P. TI Roles of starting geometries in quantum mechanics studies of cellobiose SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE cellulose; carbohydrate; modelling; electronic structure theory ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; LIQUID HE TEMPERATURE; FAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ENERGY SURFACES; ANALOGS; B3LYP/6-311++G; SACCHAROSE AB In earlier work, a relaxed HF/6-31G(d) energy surface was constructed for the fraction of empty set, psi space that contains most geometries from crystals of molecules similar to cellobiose. Two regions around other minima were examined with unconstrained B3LYP/6- 31 + G(d) minimisations, as were two sub-regions covered by the map. More than 100 different exo-cyclic group arrangements ("starting geometries"), selected for stability and low energies, were tested at each empty set, psi point and in the four sets of unconstrained minimisations. The influence of these starting geometries was studied in the present work. Twenty-four unique structures gave the lowest energy at one or more of the 81 empty set, psi grid points. Structures from the unconstrained minimisations covered wide ranges of empty set, psi space. Also, the 11 - 18 kcal/mol ranges of relative energies for the unconstrained minimisations resulting from the different starting geometries were comparable to the 20 kcal/mol range of energies on the relaxed map where some conformations were held in high-energy empty set, psi shapes by the mapping procedure. Thus, exo-cyclic group orientations and the empty set and psi torsion angles are both important factors in determining the likely structures and energies of a disaccharide. C1 [French, D.; Johnson, G. P.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP French, D (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. EM afrench@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 EI 1029-0435 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 2008 VL 34 IS 4 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1080/08927020701663347 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 313PP UT WOS:000256752800003 ER PT J AU Stortz, CA French, AD AF Stortz, Carlos A. French, Alfred D. TI Disaccharide conformational maps: adiabaticity in analogues with variable ring shapes SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE carbohydrate; cellobiose; galabiose; maltose; tetrahydropyran; trehalose ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; FORCE-FIELD CALCULATIONS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANOMERIC FORMS; BETA-MALTOSE; MM3; CELLOBIOSE; TREHALOSE; COMPLEXES AB Relaxed MM3 phi, psi potential energy surfaces ( conformational maps) were calculated for analogues of alpha, alpha-trehalose, beta, beta- trehalose, alpha, beta- trehalose, maltose, cellobiose and galabiose based on 2-methyltetrahydropyran. Starting structures included not only C-4(1) (sugar nomenclature) geometries, but also combinations with C-1(4) conformers, and some flexible (boat or skew) forms. These forms were included as part of continuing efforts to eliminate unwarranted assumptions in modelling studies, as well as to account for new experimental findings. Four to nine maps were obtained for each analogue, and from them adiabatic maps were produced. Although the minimum energy regions always resulted from C-4(1)- C-4(1) geometries, moderate to large parts of most maps had lower energies when one or both rings were in the C-1(4) conformation. Only the adiabatic surface for the (diequatorial) analogue of beta, beta-trehalose was covered entirely by C-4(1)-C-4(1) conformers. For the cellobiose and a, b- trehalose analogues, these conformers covered 74 and 67% of the surfaces, respectively. The remainder of the cellobiose analogue surface was covered by conformers having a C-1(4) conformation at the "reducing" end, and for the alpha, beta-trehalose analogue, by conformers having C-1(4) shapes for the alpha-linked unit. Adiabatic surfaces of the other three analogues were based on all combinations of C-4(1) and C-1(4) conformers. The " normal" C-4(1)- C-4(1) combination only covered 37-41% of those surfaces, whereas each of the other three conformations accounted for 10-31%. Although the " normal" conformation accounted for 97.0-99.8% of the total population, adiabaticity in disaccharide maps is not guaranteed unless variable ring shapes ( another manifestation of the " multiple minima problem") are considered. C1 [Stortz, Carlos A.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Quim Organ, CIHIDECAR, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [French, Alfred D.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Stortz, CA (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Quim Organ, CIHIDECAR, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM stortz@qo.fcen.uba.ar; afrench@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 EI 1029-0435 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 2008 VL 34 IS 4 BP 373 EP 389 DI 10.1080/08927020701663339 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 313PP UT WOS:000256752800004 ER PT J AU Horn, BW Peterson, SW AF Horn, Bruce W. Peterson, Stephen W. TI Host specificity of Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum, E-cinnamopurpureum and two Penicillium species associated with the conidial heads of Aspergillus SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus niger; epibiosis; mycoparasitism; Trichocomaceae ID WOUNDED PEANUT SEEDS; SECTION FLAVI; SOIL POPULATIONS; MAIZE; CITREOVIRIDIN; COLONIZATION; PARASITICUS; HARVEST AB The genus Penicillium comprises species that mostly colonize plant matter. However early reports suggest that several species are capable of parasitizing Aspergillus and sporulating on the conidial heads of the host. More recently Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum and E. cinnamopurpureum, both with Penicillium anamorphs, have been observed sporulating on the heads of Aspergillus species belonging to section Flavi during the colonization of peanut seeds. Little is known about the host specificity underlying these Aspergillus-Penicillium associations. In this study Aspergillus species representing nine taxonomic sections were paired in culture with E. ochrosalmoneum, E. cinnamopurpureum and two unnamed Penicillium species. Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum, E. cinnanmopurpureum and Penicillium sp. 1 sporulated predominantly on the heads of section Flavi species. In contrast Penicillium sp. 2 was restricted to the heads of section Nigri species. All species spread across Aspergillus colonies by means of aerial hyphae that grew from head to head. Additional studies are required to clarify whether Eupenicillium and Penicillium species are parasitic or simply epibiotic on their hosts. C1 [Horn, Bruce W.] USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Agr Res Serv, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Horn, BW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM bruce.horn@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 100 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.3852/mycologia.100.1.12 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 287GJ UT WOS:000254904900003 PM 18488349 ER PT J AU Abad, ZG Abad, JA Coffey, MD Oudemans, PV Man, WA de Gruyter, H Cunnington, J Louws, FJ AF Abad, Z. Gloria Abad, Jorge A. Coffey, Michael D. Oudemans, Peter V. Man, Willem A. de Gruyter, Hans Cunnington, James Louws, Frank J. TI Phytophthora bishetia sp nov., a new species identified in isolates from the Rosaceous raspberry, rose and strawberry in three continents SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ITS; morphology; Oomycetes; pathogenicity; phylogenetics; Phytophthora; straminipiles; taxonomy ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; FOREST TREES; LEAF-BLIGHT; SEQUENCES; PATHOGEN; ROT; MULTIPLE AB A homothallic semipapillate slow growing Phylophthora species associated with root rot of strawberries from greenhouse-grown plants in North Carolina, USA, root rot of roses in the Netherlands, and root rot of raspberry in Knoxfield, Australia, was identified. The main character of this organism is the production of paragynous antheridia with broad attachment to the oogonial wall. The morphology of the pathogen does not match that of any of the more than 85 described Phytophthora species. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region (ITSI-5.8S-ITS2) of this taxon and those from other Phytophthora species from GenBank supports the conclusion that this organism is an unreported new species. In the phylogenetic tree with other reported Phytophthora species at the GenBank, the new species is more closely related to others in ITS clade 2 comprising semipapillate taxa including P. boliyosa, P. citrophthora, P. colocasiae, P. meadii, P. citricoloa, P. inflata, P.tropicalis, P. capsici, Phytophthora sp. 'glovera' and P. multivesiculata. The most closely related species is P. multivesiculata isolated from Cyrnbidium orchid in the Netherlands. In this paper we describe the morphological characteristics and the phylogenetic relationships that support the description of this taxon as a new species Phytophthora bisheria sp. nov. C1 [Abad, Z. Gloria] USDA APHIS PPQ PHP PSPI, NIS, MDL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Abad, Jorge A.] USDA APHIS PPQ PHP PSPI, PGQP, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Coffey, Michael D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol, World Phytophthora Collect, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Oudemans, Peter V.] Rutgers State Univ, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry Cranberry Res & Extens, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Man, Willem A.; de Gruyter, Hans] Plant Protect Serv, Dept Mycol, NL-6700 HC Wageningen, Netherlands. [Cunnington, James] Dept Primary Ind Knoxfield, Melbourne, Vic 3156, Australia. [Louws, Frank J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Abad, ZG (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ PHP PSPI, NIS, MDL, Bldg 580,BARC E,Powder Mill Rd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Gloria.Abad@aphis.usda.gov NR 46 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 100 IS 1 BP 99 EP 110 DI 10.3852/mycologia.100.1.99 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 287GJ UT WOS:000254904900010 PM 18488356 ER PT J AU Mejia, LC Castlebury, LA Rossman, AY Sogonov, MV White, JF AF Mejia, Luis C. Castlebury, Lisa A. Rossman, Amy Y. Sogonov, Mikhail V. White, James F. TI Phylogenetic placement and taxonomic review of the genus Cryptosporella and its synonyms Ophioualsa and Winterella (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE disculina; endophyte; pyrenomycetes; RNA polymerase; systematics ID RIBOSOMAL DNA; OPHIOVALSA; SUBUNIT; FUNGI AB The type species of Cryptosporella, C. hypodermia, and Ophiovalsa, O. suffusa, as well as closely related species were studied using morphological, cultural, and DNA sequence characteristics. DNA sequence data from three different loci (ITS, LSU, and RPB2) suggest that C. hypodermia and O. suffusa are congeneric within the Gnomoniaceae (Diaporthales). This result is supported by similarities in perithecial, ascal and ascospore morphology, and lifestyles characterized as initially endophytic, becoming saprobic as plant tissues die. Furthermore, both type species produce Disculina anamorphs. A review of the literature indicates that the generic name Cryptosporella has priority over Ophiovalsa and its synonym Winterella sensu Reid & Booth (1987). A redescription of the genus Cryptosporella is included, as well as a description of C. hypodermia, C. suffusa, the type species of Ophiovalsa, a brief account of the other seven species accepted in Cryptosporella, and a key to species of Cryptosporella. Eight new combinations are established: C. alnicola (Fr.) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C. betulae (Tul. & C. Tul.) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C: confusa (Reid & Booth) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C. corylina (Tul. & C. Tul.) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C. femoralis (Peck) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C. suffusu (Fr.) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; C. tiliae (Tul. & C. Tul.) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov.; and C. wehmeyeriana (Reid & Booth) L.C. Mejia & Castleb., comb. nov. (c) 2007 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights. reserved. C1 [Mejia, Luis C.; Sogonov, Mikhail V.; White, James F.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Mejia, Luis C.; Castlebury, Lisa A.; Rossman, Amy Y.; Sogonov, Mikhail V.] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mejia, LC (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM mejial@eden.rutgers.edu RI White, James/C-2280-2009 NR 42 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 112 BP 23 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.021 PN 1 PG 13 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 286BK UT WOS:000254820200002 PM 18222674 ER PT J AU Roberts, RG AF Roberts, Rodney G. TI Alternaria roseogrisea, a new species from achenes of Helianthus annuus (sunflower) SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE hyphomycetes; sporulation pattern; Alternaria infectoria ID THEMES AB Alternaria roseogrisea was isolated from the achenes of Helianthus annuus during studies conducted in 1983-85 to document the diversity of fungi occurring in sunflower seeds and the possible role these fungi play in degradation of oilseed quality. A. roseogrisea was reported as "Alternaria sp. 2" in this early study because there were no published descriptions in Alternaria to accommodate it, a deficiency that has persisted. More recently, cluster analyses of combined RAPD, RAMS (microsatellite) and AFLP fingerprints support the placement of A. roseogrisea within the A. infectoria species-group sensu Simmons and its segregation from other members of this group. A. roseogrisea is known only from high-quality oil-type sunflower seed, and is recognized by the grayish-pink color of mature colonies on 6% NaCl-tomato juice agar and the striking appearance of the very small, often one or two-celled conidia separated by secondary conidiophores that can be many times the length of and nearly as wide as the conidia themselves. C1 USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Roberts, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM roberts@tfrl.ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 103 BP 21 EP 26 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 280TV UT WOS:000254450100003 ER PT J AU Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA AF Dombrink-Kurtzman, Mary Ann BE BarkaiGolan, R Paster, N TI Economic Aspects of Mycotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables SO MYCOTOXINS IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOOD SAFETY; OCHRATOXIN-A; STANDARDS; EXPORTS; TRADE; WINE AB International trade in fresh fruits and vegetables has grown greatly in the past 20 years and is presently a multi-billion dollar business representing the major export for many developing countries. There has been a global effort to develop and implement safe food handling for the entire food chain at all levels of governments and the food industries. Although many factors can contribute to rejection of fruits and vegetables at the time of importation, the major issue is use of pesticides, both non-permitted pesticides and excessive use of permitted ones. Additional factors responsible for rejection of imports are the presence of contamination by filth, missing mandatory labeling, and lack of required nutritional information. Fruits and vegetables have been known to cause outbreaks of illness in developing countries, but there has been no link to the presence of mycotoxins. No firm evidence exists linking long-term ingestion of mycotoxins in commonly eaten fruits and vegetables with any type of chronic illness. The most well-known economic analysis of the impact of mycotoxins was based on simulated data and has been questioned as to whether the projected impacts were actually borne out by facts. The purpose of this chapter is to examine an important understudied area, the economic aspects of mycotoxins in fruits and vegetables. C1 ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Dombrink-Kurtzman, MA (reprint author), ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055785-4 PY 2008 BP 27 EP 44 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374126-4.00002-4 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BGM60 UT WOS:000323511300003 ER PT B AU Swayne, DE AF Swayne, David E. BE Georgiev, VS Western, KA McGowan, JJ TI Understanding the Complex Pathobiology of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses in Birds SO NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES, NIH, VOL 1: FRONTIERS IN RESEARCH SE Infectious Disease Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Reseach Conference of the National-Institute-of-Allergy-and-Infectious-Diseases CY JUN 24-30, 2006 CL Opatija, CROATIA SP Natl Inst Hlth ID HONG-KONG; A VIRUSES; SOUTH-KOREA; H5N1 VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; CHICKENS; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; DUCKS; SUSCEPTIBILITY C1 ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-934115-77-0 J9 INFEC DIS S PY 2008 BP 131 EP 141 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-569-5_16 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA BIP70 UT WOS:000261705500016 ER PT J AU Mohanty, S Hollinshead, J Jones, L Jones, PW Thomas, D Watson, AA Watson, DG Gray, AI Molyneux, RJ Nash, RJ AF Mohanty, Sambeet Hollinshead, Jackie Jones, Laurence Jones, Paul Wyn Thomas, David Watson, Alison A. Watson, David G. Gray, Alexander I. Molyneux, Russell J. Nash, Robert J. TI Annona muricata (Graviola): Toxic or therapeutic SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Annona muricata; soursop; graviola; imino sugar; swainsonine; toxicity; immune modulator; glycosidase inhibitors AB The medicinal plant Annona muricata (Annonaceae), also known as Graviola or Soursop, is reported here to contain imino sugar alkaloids. This is the first report of imino sugars in the Annonaceae. Graviola has very broad medicinal claims and is also widely consumed as a food and in drinks in the tropics. The plant produces a wide range of secondary chemicals, some already known to be toxic, but the discovery here of the imino sugars as a new group of chemicals, including the neurotoxin swainsonine, raises questions about the safety of consumption of this plant. C1 [Hollinshead, Jackie; Jones, Laurence; Jones, Paul Wyn; Thomas, David; Watson, Alison A.; Nash, Robert J.] Summit Wales Ltd, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Dyfed, Wales. [Mohanty, Sambeet; Watson, Alison A.; Watson, David G.] Univ Strathclyde, Strathclyde Inst Pharm & Biomed Sci, Glasgow G4 0NR, Lanark, Scotland. [Molyneux, Russell J.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Nash, RJ (reprint author), Summit Wales Ltd, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Dyfed, Wales. EM robert.nash@summitplc.com NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PY 2008 VL 3 IS 1 BP 31 EP 33 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 258XP UT WOS:000252904000010 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Wedge, DE Wang, XN Demirci, B Baser, KHC Zhou, LG Cutler, SJ AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Wedge, David E. Wang, Xiaoning Demirci, Betul Baser, Kemal Husnu Can Zhou, Ligang Cutler, Stephen J. TI Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Angelica sinensis essential oil against three Colletotrichum species SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bioautography; detached leaf assay; Dong Quai; (Z)-ligustilide ID ROOTS AB Chemical fungicides are an important component in disease management for most crops. As part of a program to discover natural product-based fungicides, several sensitive assay systems have been developed for the evaluation of naturally occurring antifungal agents. In this study, we focused on the discovery and evaluation of new natural product-based fungicides from Angelica sinensis (Dong Quai) for use in control of strawberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species. A. sinensis oil was evaluated for antifungal activity against three Colletotrichum species using direct-bioautography assay and a strawberry detached leaf assay using C. fragariae. Chemical composition and fingerprinting were conducted by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Major components were identified as (Z)-ligustilide (43.1%), (E)-3-butylidene phthalide (14.5%), (Z)-beta-ocimene (12.9%), and apiole (11.2%). C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wang, Xiaoning; Zhou, Ligang] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Demirci, Betul; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Wang, Xiaoning; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; wang, xiaoning/B-9133-2015; OI wang, xiaoning/0000-0001-7877-9964; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PY 2008 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1073 EP 1078 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 326SI UT WOS:000257678800010 ER PT J AU Wang, XN Wedge, DE Tabanca, N Johnson, RD Cutler, SJ Pace, PF Srnith, BJ Zhou, LG AF Wang, Xiaoning Wedge, David E. Tabanca, Nurhayat Johnson, Robert D. Cutler, Stephen J. Pace, Patrick F. Srnith, Barbara J. Zhou, Ligang TI Development of a miniaturized 24-well strawberry leaf disk bioassay for evaluating natural fungicides SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE phytotoxicity; natural product fungicides; Colletotrichum species; anthracnose disease; Angelica sinensis; Origanum onites ID COLLETOTRICHUM; ANTHRACNOSE; DISEASES AB There is great incentive to discover biologically active natural products from higher plants that are more effective than synthetic agrochemicals and are environmentally safe. Research emphasis at the US Department of Agriculture has therefore been on the development of alternative approaches to utilizing natural plant products in pest management. Discovery and evaluation of natural product fungicides is largely dependent upon the availability of miniaturized antifungal bioassays. We report on the development of a miniaturized 24-well leaf disk assay for evaluating plant extracts and pure compounds. Compounds applied directly to the leaf surface can be evaluated in a dose-response for fungicidal activity and phytotoxicity. The assay is sensitive to microgram quantities, can determine chemical sensitivity between fungal isolates, and adaptable to complex mixtures, lipophilic extracts, and non-polar compounds. The use of digital imaging and analytical software provided quantitative data and the ability to fine tune the data analysis. Identification of new potential lead compounds can be repeated quickly in time and real on-the-leaf-surface activity can be evaluated in high throughput formats and published in a reasonable time. C1 [Wedge, David E.; Tabanca, Nurhayat; Johnson, Robert D.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wang, Xiaoning; Zhou, Ligang] China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaoning; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Med Chem, University, MS 38677 USA. [Pace, Patrick F.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharm Adm, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Srnith, Barbara J.] USDA ARS So Hort Lab, Small Fruit Res Unit, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu RI wang, xiaoning/B-9133-2015 OI wang, xiaoning/0000-0001-7877-9964 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PY 2008 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1079 EP 1084 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 326SI UT WOS:000257678800011 ER PT J AU Abadi, G Manning, TJ Mcleod, K Phillips, D Groundwater, P Noble, L Potter, T AF Abadi, Giso Manning, Thomas J. Mcleod, Kristen Phillips, Dennis Groundwater, Paul Noble, Lyn Potter, Thomas TI Naturally occurring esterification reactions with bryostatin SO NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE esterification; bryostatin; mass spectrometry; Fe(+3); siderophore; hydrolysis; Bugula neritina; ferric; genetics; marine natural products; bryozoa ID ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ESTER HYDROLYSIS; ECOSYSTEM AB Bryostatin structures share a commonality of a central bryophan ring, but each differs due to two groups (R(1) and R(2)) that are attached to the bryophan ring via ester bonds. This research examines the impact that conditions such as UV light, acidic and basic conditions can have on the bryostatin structure in the presence of octanoic acid and water. Mass spectrometry (MS) measurements suggest that bryostatin can easily rearrange into various structures under natural conditions by reacting with carboxylates that are ubiquitous in nature. A second set of measurements suggest bryostatin can be hydrolyzed by water, a reaction that has significant implications in both medicinal applications and extraction procedures. C1 [Manning, Thomas J.; Mcleod, Kristen] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Chem, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Abadi, Giso; Groundwater, Paul; Noble, Lyn] Univ Sunderland, Sunderland SR2 7EE, Durham, England. [Phillips, Dennis] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Potter, Thomas] USDA, Tifton, GA USA. RP Manning, TJ (reprint author), Valdosta State Univ, Dept Chem, 1500 Patterson, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. EM tmanning@valdosta.edu OI Groundwater, Paul/0000-0002-4932-2030 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6419 J9 NAT PROD RES JI Nat. Prod. Res. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 10 BP 865 EP 878 DI 10.1080/14786410701642466 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 325IC UT WOS:000257581600007 PM 18626821 ER PT J AU Ramalingam, TR Pescel, JT Sheikh, F Cheever, AW Mentink-Kane, MM Wilson, MS Stevens, S Valenzuela, DM Murphy, AJ Yancopoulos, GD Urban, JF Donnelly, RP Wynn, TA AF Ramalingam, Thirumalai R. Pescel, John T. Sheikh, Faruk Cheever, Allen W. Mentink-Kane, Margaret M. Wilson, Mark S. Stevens, Sean Valenzuela, David M. Murphy, Andrew J. Yancopoulos, George D. Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Donnelly, Raymond P. Wynn, Thomas A. TI Unique functions of the type 11 interleukin 4 receptor identified in mice lacking the interleukin 13 receptor alpha 1 chain SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; IL-13 INDUCES PROLIFERATION; HUMAN B-CELLS; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; GRANULOMATOUS PATHOLOGY; NEMATODE PARASITES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; TH2 CYTOKINES; TNF-ALPHA AB The interleukin 4 receptor (IL-4R) is a central mediator of T helper type 2 (T(H)2)-mediated disease and associates with either the common gamma-chain to form the type I IL-4R or with the IL-13R alpha 1 chain (IL-13R alpha 1) to form the type II IL-4R. Here we used II13ral(-/-) mice to characterize the distinct functions of type I and type II IL-4 receptors in vivo. In contrast to II4ra(-/-) mice, which have weak T(H)2 responses, II13ra1(-/-) mice had exacerbated T(H)2 responses. II13ra1(-/-) mice showed much less mortality after infection with Schistosoma mansoni and much more susceptibility to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. IL-13R alpha 1 was essential for allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and mucus hypersecretion but not for fibroblast or alternative macrophage activation. Thus, type I and II IL-4 receptors exert distinct effects on immune responses. C1 [Ramalingam, Thirumalai R.; Pescel, John T.; Mentink-Kane, Margaret M.; Wilson, Mark S.; Wynn, Thomas A.] NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sheikh, Faruk; Donnelly, Raymond P.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Div Therapeut Prot, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cheever, Allen W.] Inst Biomed Res, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Stevens, Sean; Valenzuela, David M.; Murphy, Andrew J.; Yancopoulos, George D.] Regeneron Pharmaceut Inc, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA, BHNRC, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wynn, TA (reprint author), NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM twynn@niaid.nih.gov RI Wynn, Thomas/C-2797-2011; OI Murphy, Andrew/0000-0003-4152-4081 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 AI000829-10, Z01 AI001019-01] NR 49 TC 104 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1529-2908 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 1 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1038/ni1544 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 243TS UT WOS:000251820800008 PM 18066066 ER PT J AU Pureswaran, DS Sullivan, BT Ayres, MP AF Pureswaran, Deepa S. Sullivan, Brian T. Ayres, Matthew P. TI High individual variation in pheromone production by tree-killing bark beetles (Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Scolytinae) SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN LA English DT Article DE aggregation behaviour; Dendroctonus; fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection; group selection; individual variation; mutation-selection balance; pheromones ID SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; IPS-PINI; HOST SELECTION; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; ENGRAVER BEETLE; LODGEPOLE PINE; FRONTALIS AB Aggregation via pheromone signalling is essential for tree-killing bark beetles to overcome tree defenses and reproduce within hosts. Pheromone production is a trait that is linked to fitness, so high individual variation is paradoxical. One explanation is that the technique of measuring static pheromone pools overestimates true variation among individuals. An alternative hypothesis is that aggregation behaviour dilutes the contribution of individuals to the trait under selection and reduces the efficacy of natural selection on pheromone production by individuals. We compared pheromone measurements from traditional hindgut extractions of female southern pine beetles with those obtained by aerating individuals till they died. Aerations showed greater total pheromone production than hindgut extractions, but coefficients of variation (CV) remained high (60-182%) regardless of collection technique. This leaves the puzzle of high variation unresolved. A novel but simple explanation emerges from considering bark beetle aggregation behaviour. The phenotype visible to natural selection is the collective pheromone plume from hundreds of colonisers. The influence of a single beetle on this plume is enhanced by high variation among individuals but constrained by large group sizes. We estimated the average contribution of an individual to the pheromone plume across a range of aggregation sizes and showed that large aggregation sizes typical in mass attacks limit the potential of natural selection because each individual has so little effect on the overall plume. Genetic variation in pheromone production could accumulate via mutation and recombination, despite strong effects of the pheromone plume on the fitness of individuals within the aggregation. Thus, aggregation behaviour, by limiting the efficacy of natural selection, can allow the persistence of extreme phenotypes in nature. C1 Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Pureswaran, DS (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, POB 4000,Regent St, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. EM deepa_pureswaran@alumni.sfu.ca NR 63 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1042 J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN JI Naturwissenschaften PD JAN PY 2008 VL 95 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s00114-007-0292-5 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 236RR UT WOS:000251321600004 PM 17661002 ER PT J AU Wang, KH McSorley, R Gallaher, RN Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Wang, Koon-Hui McSorley, Robert Gallaher, Raymond N. Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy TI Cover crops and organic mulches for nematode, weed and plant health management SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cowpea; food web; lima bean; Meloidogyne; organic agriculture; Pasteuria penetrans; root-knot nematodes; sunn hemp; turnip ID CROTALARIA-JUNCEA AMENDMENT; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; ROOT-KNOT; SOIL-MANAGEMENT; PARASITIC NEMATODES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; COMMUNITIES; POPULATIONS; NITROGEN; COWPEA AB Traditional cover cropping systems for nematode management seldom consider weed and soil nutrient management concurrently. Integrating cover crops suppressive to plant-parasitic nematodes with a cover crop mulching system could improve traditional approaches. Two field experiments were conducted in 2003 and 2004 to evaluate 'Tropic Sun' sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and 'Iron Clay' cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) as summer cover crops and as organic mulches. Both experiments were in a 3 x 3 split-plot design in which the main plots were summer planting of sunn hemp, cowpea or fallow, and the subplots were organic mulch of sunn hemp, cowpea or no mulch. The summer cover crop was followed by turnip (Brassica rapa) and lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) in the autumn. Using sunn hemp as organic mulch suppressed root-knot nematodes more effectively than using it as a cover crop, but only on a less susceptible host such as turnip, and not on a very susceptible host such as lima bean. While sunn hemp as a cover crop failed to enhance beneficial free-living nematodes, sunn hemp as an organic mulch enhanced bacterial-feeding nematode population densities. Sunn hemp mulch also suppressed broadleaf weeds but not grasses or nutsedges. Although sunn hemp and cowpea cover crops did not increase lima bean N and K content, their mulches increased N and K content. Similar results were observed for turnip and lima bean yields. Population density of root-knot nematodes was positively related to abundance of omnivorous nematode in 2003. The abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes was negatively related to the infestation levels of Pasteuria penetrans, and the abundance of predatory nematodes in 2004. Factors that might have affected the performance of sunn hemp on nematode communities are discussed. C1 [Wang, Koon-Hui] Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [McSorley, Robert] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gallaher, Raymond N.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kokalis-Burelle, Nancy] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Wang, KH (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, 3050 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM koonhui@ufl.edu NR 50 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 24 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2008 VL 10 BP 231 EP 242 DI 10.1163/156854108783476412 PN 2 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 269FK UT WOS:000253634700006 ER PT J AU Masler, EP Donald, PA Sardanelli, S AF Masler, Edward P. Donald, Patricia A. Sardanelli, Sandra TI Stability of Heterodera glycines (Tylenchida : Heteroderidae) juvenile hatching from eggs obtained from different sources of soybean, Glycine max SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; behaviour; cyst nematode; diapause; dormancy; hatch assay; plant culture ID GREEN TEA CATECHINS; IN-VITRO; MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; COMPONENTS; NEMATODES; MISSOURI AB The hatching behaviours of Heterodera glycines second-stage juveniles (J2) from eggs obtained from laboratory and glasshouse cultures, and from the field, were examined in vitro using large scale (Baermann funnel) and small-scale (depression slide) assay designs. Hatching of J2 from cultured eggs was robust, whereas J2 from field eggs hatched very poorly in vitro (< 1% total cumulative percentage hatch). Qualitative aspects of hatch were stable as hatching of J2 from eggs from all sources was linear from 2 through to 8-10 days. By contrast, quantitative aspects were more variable. Total cumulative percentage hatch typically ranged from 45 to 70% but approached 90% depending upon the source of the cultured eggs. Egg density (eggs/cm(2)) affected hatch of J2 in the large scale in vitro system, with total cumulative percentage hatch significantly greater at 3 100 eggs/cm(2) than at 420 eggs/cm2. The poor hatch of J2 from field eggs was lost after two generations in culture and replaced by the typical hatch characteristics of J2 from eggs from an established culture. This included both qualitative and quantitative elements. Stability of H. glycines hatching behaviour and its reflection of dormancy and diapause of J2 are discussed. C1 [Masler, Edward P.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Donald, Patricia A.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Product Res Unit, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Sardanelli, Sandra] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Plant Nematol Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2008 VL 10 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1163/156854108783476322 PN 2 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 269FK UT WOS:000253634700010 ER PT J AU Nguyen, KB Shapiro-Ilan, DI Bata, GNM AF Nguyen, Khuong B. Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Bata, George N. M. TI Heterorhabditis georgiana n. sp (Rhabditida : Heterorhabditidae) from Georgia, USA SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE D2D3 rDNA; entomopathogenic nematode; ITS rDNA; molecular; morphology; morphometrics; phylogeny; SEM; taxonomy ID STEINERNEMA TRAVASSOS; CEPHALOBINA; COLEOPTERA; NEMATODES AB In a survey of entomopathogenic nematodes in Georgia, a nematode isolate of the genus Heterorhabditis was collected from soil by the insect-baiting technique and maintained in the laboratory on last instar Galleria mellonella (L.) larvae. Morphological and molecular studies of the isolate showed that the nematode is a new species. Light and scanning electron microscopy, DNA characterisation and phylogeny were used for this description. Heterorhabditis georgiana n. sp. is morphologically similar to H. bacteriophora and can be distinguished from this species mainly by male and female characters. Sixty percent of males have three pairs of papillae in the terminal group; 40% with three papillae on one side and two papillae on the other. The tail is conoid and slightly curved ventrally. The percentage of the gubernaculum to spicule length (GS%) is similar to that of H. mexicana (56) but higher than that of H. bacteriophora and species in the indica-group and the length of the spicule relative to anal body diam. (SW%) is lower than that of H. baujardi (172 vs 182), H. indica (172 vs 187) and H. bacteriophora (172 vs 174), but higher than that of H. amazonensis (172 vs 152), H. floridensis (172 vs 157) and H. mexicana (172 vs 167). The female can be differentiated from related species by its unique vulva pattern. In phylogenetic trees of ITS and D2D3 regions, the new species and H. bacteriophora form a monophyletic group. The new species has evolved five autapomorphic nucleotide character states based on analysis of ITS, differing from its sister taxon H. bacteriophora at 29 and three aligned positions of ITS and D2D3 regions, respectively. C1 [Nguyen, Khuong B.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Bata, George N. M.] Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. RP Nguyen, KB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. EM kbn@ufl.edu NR 21 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2008 VL 10 BP 433 EP 448 DI 10.1163/156854108783900276 PN 3 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 293NC UT WOS:000255341000010 ER PT J AU Masler, EP AF Masler, Edward P. TI Responses of Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita to exogenously applied biogenic amines SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE behaviour; dopamine; hatching; nematode; neuromodulator; octopamine; serotonin ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; RNA INTERFERENCE; ASCARIS-SUUM; PARASITIC NEMATODES; SEROTONIN; RECEPTORS; BEHAVIOR; MUSCLE AB Hatching and head movement behaviours of second-stage juvenile (J2) of two agriculturally important plant-parasitic nematodes were affected by the in vitro application of biogenic amines. The behavioural responses of Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne incognita to treatments of serotonin, octopamine and dopamine were qualitatively similar, but significant quantitative differences between the species were revealed. The frequency of J2 head movement was decreased by as little as 250 mu M serotonin in H. glycines and 500 mu M serotonin in M. incognita, with effective doses (ED(50)) of 0.73 mM for H. glycines and 1.72 mM for M. incognita. Octopamine had the opposite effect of serotonin, increasing J2 head movement frequency at thresholds of 2 mM in H. glycines and I mM in M. incognita. Octopamine ED(50) values were 32.35 mM and 1.91 mM, respectively. Dopamine had no effect on head movement in either species up to concentrations of 20 mM. Serotonin inhibited hatch in both species but was more potent against H. glycines (90% inhibition at 1 mM) than M. incognita (40% inhibition at 5 mM). Octopamine reduced hatch equally in both species with over 95% inhibition at 80 mM. Dopamine had no effect on hatch in M. incognita but did inhibit H. glycines hatch over 60% at 40 mM. The value of detailed quantitative analyses of plant-parasitic nematode responses to biogenic amines for studies on nematode control is discussed. C1 USDA, Nematol Lab, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA, Nematol Lab, Agr Res Serv, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2008 VL 10 BP 911 EP 917 DI 10.1163/156854108786161436 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 400HN UT WOS:000262858700011 ER PT J AU Bucking, H Abubaker, J Govindarajulu, M Tala, M Pfeffer, PE Nagahashi, G Lammers, P Shachar-Hill, Y AF Buecking, Heike Abubaker, Jehad Govindarajulu, Manjula Tala, Marie Pfeffer, Philip E. Nagahashi, Gerald Lammers, Peter Shachar-Hill, Yair TI Root exudates stimulate the uptake and metabolism of organic carbon in germinating spores of Glomus intraradices SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); carbon metabolism; glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase; malate synthase; presymbiotic growth; respiration; root exudates ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; DNA-TRANSFORMED ROOTS; GIGASPORA-MARGARITA; HYPHAL GROWTH; IN-VITRO; GENE-EXPRESSION; AM FUNGI; PLANT; HOST; TRANSPORT AB Root exudates play a key role during the presymbiotic growth phase and have been shown to stimulate hyphal branching and the catabolic metabolism of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal spores. Here, the effect of root exudates on presymbiotic growth, uptake of exogenous carbon and transcript levels for genes putatively involved in the carbon metabolism of germinating spores were determined. Crude root exudates led to a slight acceleration of spore germination, increased germ tube branching and stimulated uptake and catabolic metabolism of acetate, and to a greater extent of glucose, but had no effect on gene expression. By contrast, partially purified root exudates increased the transcript levels of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (beta-oxidation of fatty acids to acetyl-CoA), malate synthase (glyoxylate cycle) and glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (chitin biosynthesis), but did not differ from crude root exudates in their effect on substrate uptake and respiration. The expression of glycogen synthase (glycogen biosynthesis), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (pentose phosphate pathway) and neutral trehalase (hydrolysis of trehalose) were only marginally or not affected by root exudates. Root exudates have an effect on both membrane activity and gene expression and the results are discussed in relation to the catabolic and anabolic metabolism of spores during presymbiotic growth. C1 [Buecking, Heike; Tala, Marie] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. [Abubaker, Jehad; Govindarajulu, Manjula; Lammers, Peter] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biochem & Chem, Las Cruces, NM 88001 USA. [Pfeffer, Philip E.; Nagahashi, Gerald] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Shachar-Hill, Yair] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bucking, H (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. EM bucking@camden.rutgers.edu RI Shachar-Hill, Yair/B-6165-2013 OI Shachar-Hill, Yair/0000-0001-8793-5084 NR 53 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 180 IS 3 BP 684 EP 695 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02590.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 361CL UT WOS:000260105000016 PM 18694446 ER PT J AU Ainsworth, EA Leakey, ADB Ort, DR Long, SP AF Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Ort, Donald R. Long, Stephen P. TI FACE-ing the facts: inconsistencies and interdependence among field, chamber and modeling studies of elevated [CO(2)] impacts on crop yield and food supply SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Letter DE CO(2) response ratio; climate change; crop yield; free-air CO(2) enrichment ( FACE); world food supply ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENRICHMENT FACE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RESPONSES; DROUGHT; MAIZE; PRODUCTIVITY; INCREASE; FUTURE C1 [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ort, Donald R.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Leakey, Andrew D. B.; Ort, Donald R.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Ort, Donald R.] ARS, USDA, Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Long, SP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM stevel@life.uiuc.edu RI Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008; Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016 OI Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164; Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X NR 23 TC 121 Z9 125 U1 2 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02500.x PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 308TI UT WOS:000256412500003 PM 18482226 ER PT J AU Maron, LG Kirst, M Mao, C Milner, MJ Menossi, M Kochian, LV AF Maron, Lyza G. Kirst, Matias Mao, Chuanzao Milner, Matthew J. Menossi, Marcelo Kochian, Leon V. TI Transcriptional profiling of aluminum toxicity and tolerance responses in maize roots SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE aluminum (Al); cell wall; gene expression; maize (Zea mays); microarrays; organic acids; tolerance; toxicity ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM ROOTS; ORGANIC-ACID EXUDATION; ZEA-MAYS L; TROPICAL MAIZE; MALATE TRANSPORTER; CITRATE EXUDATION; REGULATED GENES; OXALATE OXIDASE; SOIL ACIDITY; WHEAT ROOTS AB Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major factor limiting crop yields on acid soils. There is considerable genotypic variation for Al tolerance in most common plant species. In maize (Zea mays), Al tolerance is a complex phenomenon involving multiple genes and physiological mechanisms yet uncharacterized. To begin elucidating the molecular basis of maize Al toxicity and tolerance, a detailed temporal analysis of root gene expression under Al stress was performed using microarrays with Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive genotypes. Al altered the expression of significantly more genes in the Al-sensitive genotype, presumably as a result of more severe Al toxicity. Nevertheless, several Al-regulated genes exhibited higher expression in the Al-tolerant genotype. Cell wall-related genes, as well as low phosphate-responsive genes, were found to be regulated by Al. In addition, the expression patterns of genes related to Al-activated citrate release indicated that in maize this mechanism is probably regulated by the expression level and/or function of the citrate transporter. This study is the first comprehensive survey of global transcriptional regulation under Al stress. The results described here will help to further our understanding of how mechanisms of Al toxicity and tolerance in maize are regulated at the transcriptional level. C1 [Maron, Lyza G.; Mao, Chuanzao; Milner, Matthew J.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kirst, Matias] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Plant Mol & Cell Biol Program, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mao, Chuanzao] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Plant Physiol & Biochem, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Menossi, Marcelo] Univ Estadual Campinas, Lab Genom Func, Ctr Biol Mol & Engn Genet, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Kochian, LV (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM lvk1@cornell.edu RI Menossi, Marcelo/A-4364-2012; 2, INCT/G-6506-2013; Bioetanol, Inct/I-1068-2013; Menossi, Marcelo/C-6305-2014; Maron, Lyza/B-5644-2008; OI Menossi, Marcelo/0000-0002-9211-3787; Menossi, Marcelo/0000-0002-9211-3787; Maron, Lyza/0000-0001-6475-2357; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X NR 53 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 8 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 1 BP 116 EP 128 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02440.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 308TI UT WOS:000256412500013 PM 18399934 ER PT J AU Li, Y Zou, JJ Li, M Bilgin, DD Vodkin, LO Hartman, GL Clough, SJ AF Li, Yan Zou, Jijun Li, Min Bilgin, Damla D. Vodkin, Lila O. Hartman, Glen L. Clough, Steven J. TI Soybean defense responses to the soybean aphid SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE cDNA microarray; incompatible interaction; plant; aphid interaction; plant defense; plant resistance; soybean aphid ID RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; RESISTANCE GENE MI; OXIDATIVE CROSS-LINKING; DISEASE RESISTANCE; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SALICYLIC-ACID; POTATO APHID; PLANT; EXPRESSION AB Transcript profiles in aphid (Aphis glycines)-resistant (cv. Dowling) and -susceptible (cv. Williams 82) soybean (Glycine max) cultivars using soybean cDNA microarrays were investigated. Large-scale soybean cDNA microarrays representing approx. 18 000 genes or c. 30% of the soybean genome were compared at 6 and 12 h post-application of aphids. In a separate experiment utilizing clip cages, expression of three defense-related genes were examined at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h in both cultivars by quantitative real-time PCR. One hundred and forty genes showed specific responses for resistance; these included genes related to cell wall, defense, DNA/RNA, secondary metabolism, signaling and other processes. When an extended time period of sampling was investigated, earlier and greater induction of three defense-related genes was observed in the resistant cultivar; however, the induction declined after 24 or 48 h in the resistant cultivar but continued to increase in the susceptible cultivar after 24 h. Aphid-challenged resistant plants showed rapid differential gene expression patterns similar to the incompatible response induced by avirulent Pseudomonas syringae. Five genes were identified as differentially expressed between the two genotypes in the absence of aphids. C1 [Zou, Jijun; Li, Min; Vodkin, Lila O.; Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Li, Yan] Univ Illinois, Physiol & Mol Plant Biol Program, Urbana, IL USA. [Bilgin, Damla D.; Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL USA. [Hartman, Glen L.; Clough, Steven J.] Natl Soyabean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL USA. EM ghartman@uiuc.edu RI Clough, Steven/E-6815-2011; OI Li, Yan/0000-0002-1627-7763 NR 65 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 1 BP 185 EP 195 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02443.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 308TI UT WOS:000256412500019 PM 18422900 ER PT J AU Blumenthal, D Chimner, RA Welker, JM Morgan, JA AF Blumenthal, D. Chimner, R. A. Welker, J. M. Morgan, J. A. TI Increased snow facilitates plant invasion in mixedgrass prairie SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE altered precipitation; Centaurea diffusa (diffuse knapweed); climate change; grassland; Gypsophila paniculata (baby's breath); Linaria dalmatica (Dalmatian toadflax); nitrogen (N) deposition; plant invasion ID RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; BIOLOGICAL INVADERS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; WATER RELATIONS; SOIL RESOURCES; RIPARIAN ZONES; GRASSLAND; INVASIBILITY; DISTURBANCE AB Although global change is known to influence plant invasion, little is known about interactions between altered precipitation and invasion. In the North American mixedgrass prairie, invasive species are often abundant in wet and nitrogen (N)-rich areas, suggesting that predicted changes in precipitation and N deposition could exacerbate invasion. Here, this possibility was tested by seeding six invasive species into experimental plots of mixedgrass prairie treated with a factorial combination of increased snow, summer irrigation, and N addition. Without added snow, seeded invasive species were rarely observed. Snow addition increased average above-ground biomass of Centaurea diffusa from 0.026 to 66 g m(-2), of Gypsophila paniculata from 0.1 to 7.3 g m(-2), and of Linaria dalmatica from 5 to 101 g m(-2). Given added snow, summer irrigation increased the density of G. paniculata, and N addition increased the density and biomass of L. dalmatica. Plant density responses mirrored those of plant biomass, indicating that increases in biomass resulted, in part, from increases in recruitment. In contrast to seeded invasive species, resident species did not respond to snow addition. These results suggest that increases in snowfall or variability of snowfall may exacerbate forb invasion in the mixedgrass prairie. C1 [Blumenthal, D.; Morgan, J. A.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Chimner, R. A.; Welker, J. M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Welker, J. M.] Univ Alaska, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK USA. [Welker, J. M.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Blumenthal, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov RI Blumenthal, Dana/J-3106-2012; Welker, Jeffrey/C-9493-2013 NR 59 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 38 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 2 BP 440 EP 448 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02475.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 325ED UT WOS:000257570400017 PM 19086291 ER PT J AU Noormets, A McNulty, SG DeForest, JL Sun, G Li, Q Chen, J AF Noormets, Asko McNulty, Steve G. DeForest, Jared L. Sun, Ge Li, Qinglin Chen, Jiquan TI Drought during canopy development has lasting effect on annual carbon balance in a deciduous temperate forest SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE canopy conductance; canopy development; drought; ecosystem respiration (ER); gross ecosystem productivity (GEP); leaf expansion; net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE); rainfall distribution. ID NET ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; SOIL RESPIRATION; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; SONIC ANEMOMETER; BOREAL FORESTS; LONG-TERM; EXCHANGE; CO2; MOISTURE; VARIABILITY AB Climate change projections predict an intensifying hydrologic cycle and an increasing frequency of droughts, yet quantitative understanding of the effects on ecosystem carbon exchange remains limited. Here, the effect of contrasting precipitation and soil moisture dynamics were evaluated on forest carbon exchange using 2 yr of eddy covariance and microclimate data from a 50-yr-old mixed oak woodland in northern Ohio, USA. The stand accumulated 40% less carbon in a year with drought between bud-break and full leaf expansion (354 +/- 81 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in 2004 and 252 +/- 45 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in 2005). This was caused by greater suppression of gross ecosystem productivity (GEP; 16% = 200 g) than of ecosystem respiration (ER; 11% = 100 g) by drought. Suppressed GEP was traced to lower leaf area, lower apparent quantum yield and lower canopy conductance. The moisture sensitivity of ER may have been mediated by GEP. The results highlight the vulnerability of the ecosystem to even a moderate drought, when it affects a critical aspect of development. Although the drought was preceded by rain, the storage capacity of the soil seemed limited to 1-2 wk, and therefore droughts longer than this are likely to impair productivity in the region. C1 [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Noormets, Asko; McNulty, Steve G.; Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, So Global Change Program, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [DeForest, Jared L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Li, Qinglin] Timberline Nat Resource Grp Ltd, Kelowna, BC V1Y 4R1, Canada. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Noormets, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM anoorme@ncsu.edu RI Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; DeForest, Jared/E-5777-2011 OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; FU NCI NIH HHS [04-CA-11330147-238, 03-CA-11330147-073] NR 63 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 9 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 3 BP 818 EP 828 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02501.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 327CA UT WOS:000257706000027 PM 18537894 ER PT J AU Waters, BM Grusak, MA AF Waters, Brian M. Grusak, Michael A. TI Quantitative trait locus mapping for seed mineral concentrations in two Arabidopsis thaliana recombinant inbred populations SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE biofortification; copper (Cu); erecta; iron ( Fe); mineral partitioning; seed mineral concentration; zinc (Zn) ID FERRIC-CHELATE REDUCTASE; NATURAL VARIATION; SULFATE TRANSPORTER; COPPER TRANSPORTER; METAL HOMEOSTASIS; ZINC HYPERACCUMULATION; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTERS; THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; GENETIC-VARIATION; LANDSBERG ERECTA AB Biofortification of foods, achieved by increasing the concentrations of minerals such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), is a goal of plant scientists. Understanding genes that influence seed mineral concentration in a model plant such as Arabidopsis could help in the development of nutritionally enhanced crop cultivars. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for seed concentrations of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), Fe, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and Zn was performed using two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, Columbia (Col) x Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Cape Verde Islands (Cvi) x Ler, grown on multiple occasions. QTL mapping was also performed using data from silique hulls and the ratio of seed:hull mineral concentration of the Cvi x Ler population. Over 100 QTLs that affected seed mineral concentration were identified. Twenty-nine seed QTLs were found in more than one experiment, and several QTLs were found for both seed and hull mineral traits. A number of candidate genes affecting seed mineral concentration are discussed. These results indicate that A. thaliana is a suitable and convenient model for discovery of genes that affect seed mineral concentration. Some strong QTLs had no obvious candidate genes, offering the possibility of identifying unknown genes that affect mineral uptake and translocation to seeds. C1 [Waters, Brian M.; Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Grusak, MA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mgrusak@bcm.edu RI Waters, Brian/H-4805-2015 OI Waters, Brian/0000-0002-1422-238X NR 75 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1033 EP 1047 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02544.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 335BQ UT WOS:000258266200013 PM 18631293 ER PT J AU Warren, JM Brooks, JR Meinzer, FC Eberhart, JL AF Warren, Jeffrey M. Brooks, J. Renee Meinzer, Frederick C. Eberhart, Joyce L. TI Hydraulic redistribution of water from Pinus ponderosa trees to seedlings: evidence for an ectomycorrhizal pathway SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE common mycorrhizal network (CMN); ectomycorrhizal fungi; hydraulic lift; ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa); water transport ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS; NORTHWEST CONIFEROUS FORESTS; SOIL-WATER; DOUGLAS-FIR; TRANSPORT; PLANTS; LIFT; ROOTS; TRANSLOCATION; PATTERNS AB While there is strong evidence for hydraulic redistribution (HR) of soil water by trees, it is not known if common mycorrhizal networks (CMN) can facilitate HR from mature trees to seedlings under field conditions. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings were planted into root-excluding 61-mu m mesh barrier chambers buried in an old-growth pine forest. After 2 yr, several mature trees were cut and water enriched in D2O and acid fuchsin dye was applied to the stumps. Fine roots and mycorrhizal root tips of source trees became heavily dyed, indicating reverse sap flow in root xylem transported water from stems throughout root systems to the root hyphal mantle that interfaces with CMN. Within 3 d, D2O was found in mesh-chamber seedling foliage > 1 m from source trees; after 3 wk, eight of 10 mesh-chamber seedling stem samples were significantly enriched above background levels. Average mesh-chamber enrichment was 1.8x greater than that for two seedlings for which the connections to CMN were broken by trenching before D2O application. Even small amounts of water provided to mycorrhizas by HR may maintain hyphal viability and facilitate nutrient uptake under drying conditions, which may provide an advantage to seedlings hydraulically linked by CMN to large trees. C1 [Warren, Jeffrey M.; Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Eberhart, Joyce L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Warren, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM warrenjm@ornl.gov RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 NR 47 TC 55 Z9 60 U1 5 U2 56 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 178 IS 2 BP 382 EP 394 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02377.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 279WE UT WOS:000254385100017 PM 18298435 ER PT J AU Waters, BM Grusak, MA AF Waters, Brian M. Grusak, Michael A. TI Whole-plant mineral partitioning throughout the life cycle in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes Columbia, Landsberg erecta, Cape Verde Islands, and the mutant line ysl1ysl3 SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE biofortification; copper (Cu); iron (Fe); mineral partitioning; seed mineral content; YSL family; zinc (Zn) ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM MILL; CHELATE REDUCTASE GENE; LEAF SENESCENCE; NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE; METAL HOMEOSTASIS; NATURAL VARIATION; DEVELOPING SEEDS; TRANSGENIC RICE; IRON TRANSPORT; FERRITIN GENE AB Minimal information exists on whole-plant dynamics of mineral flow through Arabidopsis thaliana or on the source tissues responsible for mineral export to developing seeds. Understanding these phenomena in a model plant could help in the development of nutritionally enhanced crop cultivars. A whole-plant partitioning study, using sequential harvests, was conducted to characterize growth and mineral concentrations and contents of rosettes, cauline leaves, stems, immature fruit, mature fruit hulls, and seeds of three WT lines (Col-0, Ler, and Cvi) and one mutant line (Col-0::ysl1ysl3). Shoot mineral content increased throughout the life cycle for all minerals, although tissue-specific mineral partitioning differed between genotypes. In particular, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were aberrantly distributed in ysl1ysl3. Remobilization was observed for several minerals from various tissues, including cauline leaves and silique hulls, but the amounts were generally far below the total mineral accretion observed in seeds. When YSL1 and YSL3 are nonfunctional, Cu, Fe, and Zn are not effectively remobilized from, or do not effectively pass through, leaf and maternal fruit tissues. With respect to seed mineral accretion in Arabidopsis, continued uptake and translocation of minerals to source tissues during seed fill are as important, if not more important, than remobilization of previously stored minerals. C1 [Waters, Brian M.; Grusak, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Grusak, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mgrusak@bcm.edu RI Waters, Brian/H-4805-2015 OI Waters, Brian/0000-0002-1422-238X NR 70 TC 79 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 24 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 177 IS 2 BP 389 EP 405 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02288.x PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 243AC UT WOS:000251766300013 PM 18042200 ER PT J AU Guo, DL Li, H Mitchell, RJ Han, WX Hendricks, JJ Fahey, TJ Hendrick, RL AF Guo, Dali Li, Harbin Mitchell, Robert J. Han, Wenxuan Hendricks, Joseph J. Fahey, Timothy J. Hendrick, Ronald L. TI Fine root heterogeneity by branch order: exploring the discrepancy in root turnover estimates between minirhizotron and carbon isotopic methods SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE carbon isotope; ecosystem carbon balance; fine roots; minirhizotron; root branch order; root longevity; root turnover ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; NORWAY SPRUCE STAND; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; LIFE-SPAN; DYNAMICS; SOIL; BIOMASS; ARCHITECTURE; PERSPECTIVE; LONGEVITY AB Fine roots constitute a large and dynamic component of the carbon cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. The reported fivefold discrepancy in turnover estimates between median longevity (ML) from minirhizotrons and mean residence time (MRT) using carbon isotopes may have global consequences. Here, a root branch order-based model and a simulated factorial experiment were used to examine four sources of error. Inherent differences between ML, a number-based measure, and MRT, a mass-based measure, and the inability of the MRT method to account for multiple replacements of rapidly cycling roots were the two sources of error that contributed more to the disparity than did the improper choice of root age distribution models and sampling bias. Sensitivity analysis showed that the rate at which root longevity increases as order increases was the most important factor influencing the disparity between ML and MRT. Assessing root populations for each branch order may substantially reduce the errors in longevity estimates of the fine root guild. Our results point to the need to acquire longevity estimates of different orders, particularly those of higher orders. C1 [Guo, Dali; Han, Wenxuan] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Li, Harbin] USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Mitchell, Robert J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr Ichauway, Newton, GA USA. [Hendricks, Joseph J.] Univ W Georgia, Dept Biol, Carrollton, GA 30118 USA. [Fahey, Timothy J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hendrick, Ronald L.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forest Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Guo, DL (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM dLguo@urban.pku.edu.cn RI Guo, Dali/C-3498-2012; Guo, Dali/G-2158-2014; Han, Wenxuan/B-8791-2016 OI Han, Wenxuan/0000-0001-8678-7147 NR 43 TC 85 Z9 113 U1 10 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2008 VL 177 IS 2 BP 443 EP 456 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02242.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 243AC UT WOS:000251766300017 PM 17944827 ER PT B AU Keeney, DR Hatfield, JL AF Keeney, D. R. Hatfield, J. L. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI The Nitrogen Cycle, Historical Perspective, and Current and Potential Future Concerns SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN; NITRATE; WATER; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; CONSEQUENCES; HYPOXIA; POLICY; SOILS; FOOD C1 [Keeney, D. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Hatfield, J. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Keeney, DR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 3402 Eisenhower Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. NR 66 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5; 978-0-12-374347-3 PY 2008 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00001-9 PG 18 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600001 ER PT J AU Follett, RF AF Follett, Ronald F. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Transformation and Transport Processes of Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GLOBAL N2O BUDGET; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; OXIDE PRODUCTION; SOIL; CONSERVATION; TILLAGE; DENITRIFICATION; WATERSHEDS; FERTILIZER; EMISSIONS C1 USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Follett, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 93 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 19 EP 50 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00002-0 PG 32 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600002 ER PT J AU Follett, JR Follett, RF AF Follett, J. R. Follett, R. F. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Relationship of Environmental Nitrogen Metabolism to Human Health SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENDOGENOUS NITRIC-OXIDE; DRINKING-WATER; DIETARY NITRATE; N-NITROSAMINES; SODIUM-NITRITE; HUMAN CANCER; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; EXPOSURE; ETIOLOGY; RISK C1 [Follett, J. R.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Follett, R. F.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Follett, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 71 EP 104 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00004-4 PG 34 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600004 ER PT J AU Burkart, MR Stoner, JD AF Burkart, M. R. Stoner, J. D. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Nitrogen in Groundwater Associated with Agricultural Systems SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HIGH NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; LAND-USE; CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS CCL3F; NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE; HYDROLOGIC TRACERS; GEOLOGIC NITROGEN; WATER-QUALITY; DATING TOOLS C1 [Burkart, M. R.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Stoner, J. D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Nutr Synth Off, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Burkart, MR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Room 352, Ames, IA 50014 USA. NR 89 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 177 EP 202 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00007-X PG 26 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600007 ER PT J AU Sauer, TJ Alexander, RB Brahana, JV Smith, RA AF Sauer, T. J. Alexander, R. B. Brahana, J. V. Smith, R. A. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI The Importance and Role of Watersheds in the Transport of Nitrogen SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COASTAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; VARIABLE SOURCE AREAS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SILT LOAM SOIL; LAND-USE; FRESH-WATER; UNITED-STATES; NUTRIENT LOSSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS C1 [Sauer, T. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Alexander, R. B.; Smith, R. A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 413, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Brahana, J. V.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Geosci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Sauer, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 135 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 203 EP 240 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00008-1 PG 38 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600008 ER PT J AU Kitchen, NR Goulding, KWT Shanahan, JF AF Kitchen, N. R. Goulding, K. W. T. Shanahan, J. F. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Proven Practices and Innovative Technologies for On-Farm Crop Nitrogen Management SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FIELD-SCALE VARIABILITY; IRRIGATED POTATO CROPS; CORN GRAIN-YIELD; CHLOROPHYLL METER; WINTER-WHEAT; USE EFFICIENCY; NITRATE-NITROGEN; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; APPLICATION DECISIONS C1 [Kitchen, N. R.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Goulding, K. W. T.] Rothamsted Res, Agr & Environm Div, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Shanahan, J. F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Kitchen, NR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, 243 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RI Goulding, Keith/B-2635-2012; OI Goulding, Keith/0000-0002-6465-1465; Shanahan, John/0000-0003-3173-4245 NR 174 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 483 EP 517 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00015-9 PG 35 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600015 ER PT J AU Delgado, JA Shaffer, MJ AF Delgado, J. A. Shaffer, M. J. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Nitrogen Management Modeling Techniques: Assessing Cropping Systems/Landscape Combinations SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PRECISION CONSERVATION; NORTHEASTERN COLORADO; IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE; LEACHING INDEX; USE EFFICIENCY; WINTER-WHEAT; NITRATE; NLEAP; SOIL; FERTILIZER C1 [Delgado, J. A.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Shaffer, M. J.] Shaffer Consulting, Loveland, CO 80538 USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, POB E, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 90 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 539 EP 570 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00017-2 PG 32 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600017 ER PT J AU Del Grosso, SJ Parton, WJ Ojima, DS Keough, CA Riley, TH Mosier, AR AF Del Grosso, S. J. Parton, W. J. Ojima, D. S. Keough, C. A. Riley, T. H. Mosier, A. R. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI DAYCENT Simulated Effects of Land Use and Climate on County Level N Loss Vectors in the USA SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COLORADO SHORTGRASS STEPPE; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; DAILY SOLAR-RADIATION; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NITRIC-OXIDE; N2O EMISSIONS; GENERALIZED-MODEL; CROP MANAGEMENT; COMPLEX TERRAIN; CARBON-DIOXIDE C1 [Del Grosso, S. J.] USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Parton, W. J.; Ojima, D. S.; Keough, C. A.; Riley, T. H.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Del Grosso, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 571 EP 595 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00018-4 PG 25 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600018 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ AF Hunter, W. J. BE Hatfield, JL Follett, RF TI Remediation of Drinking Water for Rural Populations SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; IN-SITU DENITRIFICATION; NITRATE REMOVAL; AUTOTROPHIC DENITRIFICATION; PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION; AEROBIC DENITRIFICATION; VEGETABLE-OIL; BIOLOGICAL DENITRIFICATION; GROUNDWATER QUALITY; CONTAMINATED WATER C1 USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Plant Nutr Res Unit, 2150 D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 127 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-056989-5 PY 2008 BP 597 EP 621 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00019-6 PG 25 WC Microbiology; Soil Science SC Microbiology; Agriculture GA BFN15 UT WOS:000320592600019 ER PT J AU Tozzi, EJ Klingenberg, DJ Scott, T AF Tozzi, Emilio J. Klingenberg, Daniel J. Scott, Tim TI Correlation of fiber shape measures with dilute suspension properties SO NORDIC PULP & PAPER RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Fiber shape; Shape measure; Intrinsic viscosity; Simulations ID X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY; LOW-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; SHEAR-FLOW; PARTICLES; VISCOSITY; RHEOLOGY; STRENGTH AB The correlations between the intrinsic viscosity of fiber suspensions and 17 measures of fiber shape were investigated. The intrinsic viscosities of suspensions of fibers with various shapes and aspect ratios were determined numerically. The shapes studied include different degrees of fiber curvature, angular bends, helical shapes, randomly generated shapes, and others. The shape measure that correlated most strongly with intrinsic viscosity was an invariant of the hydrodynamic resistance tensor; this invariant is related to the hydrodynamic drag coefficients on a fiber translating in the three principal directions. This measure can be computed from 3D images of real fibers, and could potentially be a useful quantity for describing fiber shape. These results also suggest that experimentally-measured intrinsic viscosities can be used to characterize fiber shape, either directly or by extracting the invariant from experimental data. C1 [Tozzi, Emilio J.; Klingenberg, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tozzi, Emilio J.; Klingenberg, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Rheol Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scott, Tim] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Klingenberg, DJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ejtozzi@wisc.edu; klingen@engr.wisc.edu; cscott@facstaff.wisc.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2006-35504-17401] FX The project was supported in part by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2006-35504-17401. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AB SVENSK PAPPERSTIDNING PI STOCKHOLM PA C/O SPCI, BOX 5515, SE114 85 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0283-2631 J9 NORD PULP PAP RES J JI Nord. Pulp Paper Res. J. PY 2008 VL 23 IS 4 BP 369 EP 373 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 389OD UT WOS:000262102700003 ER PT J AU Pooler, M Nicholson, R Vandegrift, A AF Pooler, Margaret Nicholson, Rob Vandegrift, Andrew TI Clonal fidelity in large colonies of Gaylussacia brachycera gray (box huckleberry) assessed by DNA fingerprinting SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; AFLP ANALYSIS; SOLANACEAE; DIVERSITY; MARKERS; WILD AB Gaylussacia brachycera (box huckleberry) is a slow-growing, dwarf evergreen member of the family Ericaceae that is native to eight states in the eastern United States. It is a rare plant with conservation status in several states of critically imperiled (S1). Botanists have been intrigued by this enigmatic native plant since it was discovered in 1796 in Virginia. One of the mysteries of this species is whether plants in a colony arose from different genotypes or are clonal. The species reproduces primarily by means of underground runners and appears to be self-sterile, so sexual reproduction within isolated colonies could be limited. Using molecular markers, we tested samples taken from three of the best-known colonies in Pennsylvania and one in Tennessee. Based on 104 polymorphic markers, we found that one of the Pennsylvania colonies contained two genotypes among 11 samples tested; one Pennsylvania colony contained three genotypes among five samples tested; and the other two colonies exhibited no variation among the 8-10 samples tested. This study represents the first time that molecular markers have been used in a systematic assay to determine the existence of variation among individuals within a colony of box huckleberry. C1 [Pooler, Margaret; Vandegrift, Andrew] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Nicholson, Rob] Smith Coll, Bot Gardens, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. RP Pooler, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 3501 New York Ave NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2008 VL 15 IS 1 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[67:CFILCO]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 288DS UT WOS:000254967000006 ER PT J AU Jennings, DT Cutler, B Connery, B AF Jennings, Daniel T. Cutler, Bruce Connery, Bruce TI Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) Associated with Seed Heads of Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae) at Acadia National Park, Maine SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID PHIDIPPUS-JOHNSONI ARANEAE; PITCHER PLANT; SALTICIDAE; NESTS; PREY; PARASITISM; PREDATORS; COCOONS; CAPTURE AB We discovered that spiders use seed heads of Sarracenia purpurea (Northern Pitcher Plant) for moulting, nesting, and rearing of young. These associations represent only a few of the diverse interactions between spiders and pitcher plants. During July-August 2001 at Acadia National Park, seed heads (n = 30 1) of S. purpurea from four bog-heaths yielded spiders (n = 685) of four families (Theridiidae, Dictynidae, Clubionidae, Salticidae), 10 genera, and at least 11 species. Two additional spider families (Gnaphosidae, Thomisidae) were represented by cast exuviae. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) were the chief occupants, comprising 80.0% of species and 99.1 % of individuals. The salticid Tutelina similis was the most common inhabitant, accounting for 63.8% of the overall spider fauna in these microhabitats. Spider foraging-guild presence favored hunters (99.7%) over web spinners; juveniles outnumbered adults almost 15 to 1, and females outnumbered males 43 to 1. Frequencies of spider webbing and retreats in seed heads were greater than expected (G-test, alpha = 0.05); however, spider occupancy was less than expected. Seed heads with multiple-spider occupants were more frequent than those with single-spider occupants; conspecific associations were more frequent than heterospecific associations. No evidence was found that spiders preferred either closed or open seed heads. Other associated arthropods included parasitic miles, spider-egg parasitoids, and insects. The identified taxa represent the first records of spiders inhabiting seed heads of S. purpurea in Maine. C1 [Jennings, Daniel T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Bradley, ME 04411 USA. [Cutler, Bruce] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Connery, Bruce] Natl Pk Serv, USDI, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. RP Jennings, DT (reprint author), POB 130, Garland, ME 04939 USA. EM Daniel.Jennings@umit.maine.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2008 VL 15 IS 4 BP 523 EP 540 DI 10.1656/1092-6194-15.4.523 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 385OB UT WOS:000261822400005 ER PT J AU Lambert, JD King, DI Buortaccorsi, JP Prout, LS AF Lambert, J. Daniel King, David I. Buortaccorsi, John P. Prout, Leighlan S. TI Decline of a New Hampshire Bicknell's Thrush Population, 1993-2003 SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; WHITE MOUNTAINS; NORTH-AMERICA; RECREATIONAL TRAILS; CATHARUS-BICKNELLI; FOREST PASSERINES; BIRD COMMUNITIES; SNAIL ABUNDANCE; ACID-RAIN; HABITAT AB Catharus bicknelli (Bicknell's Thrush) is a rare inhabitant of mountain forests in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. Conservation planners consider the species to be at risk, although evidence of population decline has thus far been localized or inconclusive. In order to assess the status of Bicknell's Thrush in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, we conducted point-count surveys on 40 forested, high-elevation routes from 1993 to 2003. Non-linear regression oil aggregate counts revealed a 7% annual decline over this period (P < 0.1). We discuss possible threats to Bicknell's Thrush, including winter habitat loss, pollution of mountain ecosystems, climate change, and human intrusion during breeding. A range-wide monitoring program that incorporates new survey methods is needed to help identify limiting factors and reduce potential sources of error and bias. This study underscores the importance of efforts to monitor and conserve Bicknell's Thrush. C1 [Lambert, J. Daniel] Vermont Inst Nat Sci, Quechee, VT 05059 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Expt Stn, Holdsworth Nat Resources Ctr 203, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Buortaccorsi, John P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Prout, Leighlan S.] White Mt Natl Forest, Laconia, NH 03246 USA. RP Lambert, JD (reprint author), Vermont Ctr Ecostudies, POB 420, Norwich, VT 05055 USA. EM dlambert@abcbirds.org FU White Mountain National Forest; Upper Valley Community Foundation; Vermont Institute of Natural Science FX The study was funded by the White Mountain National Forest, with additional assistance from the Stone House Farm Fund of the Upper Valley Community Foundation and friends and trustees of the Vermont Institute of Natural Science. We gratefully acknowledge the Audubon Society of New Hampshire and US Forest Service personnel who conducted the surveys. Laura Deming coordinated the point Counts for several years and provided essential information and support. Kent McFarland prepared Figure 1. We thank Yves Aubry, Jon Bart, Becky Whittam, and an anonymous reviewer, who provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2008 VL 15 IS 4 BP 607 EP 618 DI 10.1656/1092-6194-15.4.607 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 385OB UT WOS:000261822400011 ER PT J AU Avraham, S Tung, CW Ilic, K Jaiswal, P Kellogg, EA McCouch, S Pujar, A Reiser, L Rhee, SY Sachs, MM Schaeffer, M Stein, L Stevens, P Vincent, L Zapata, F Ware, D AF Avraham, Shulamit Tung, Chih-Wei Ilic, Katica Jaiswal, Pankaj Kellogg, Elizabeth A. McCouch, Susan Pujar, Anuradha Reiser, Leonore Rhee, Seung Y. Sachs, Martin M. Schaeffer, Mary Stein, Lincoln Stevens, Peter Vincent, Leszek Zapata, Felipe Ware, Doreen TI The Plant Ontology Database: a community resource for plant structure and developmental stages controlled vocabulary and annotations SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RICE; ORYZABASE; GRAMENE; BIOLOGY AB The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort among model plant genome databases and plant researchers that aims to create, maintain and facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary (ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and morphology) and developmental stages to data types, such as genes and phenotypes, to provide a semantic framework to make meaningful cross-species and database comparisons. The POC builds upon groundbreaking work by the Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) by adopting and extending the GOCs principles, existing software and database structure. Over the past year, POC has added hundreds of ontology terms to associate with thousands of genes and gene products from Arabidopsis, rice and maize, which are available through a newly updated web-based browser (http://www.plantontology.org/amigo/go.cgi) for viewing, searching and querying. The Consortium has also implemented new functionalities to facilitate the application of PO in genomic research and updated the website to keep the contents current. In this report, we present a brief description of resources available from the website, changes to the interfaces, data updates, community activities and future enhancement. C1 [Avraham, Shulamit; Stein, Lincoln; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Tung, Chih-Wei; Jaiswal, Pankaj; McCouch, Susan; Pujar, Anuradha] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Ilic, Katica; Rhee, Seung Y.] Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Stevens, Peter; Zapata, Felipe] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Reiser, Leonore] Inst Mol Sci, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Sachs, Martin M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Corp Sci, Maize Genet Corp, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sachs, Martin M.; Schaeffer, Mary; Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS, ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary; Vincent, Leszek] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Stevens, Peter; Zapata, Felipe] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Ware, D (reprint author), Cold Spring Harbor Lab, 1 Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. EM ware@cshl.edu RI Kellogg, Elizabeth/M-2845-2013; Jaiswal, Pankaj/H-7599-2016; OI TUNG, CHIH-WEI/0000-0001-5337-0177; Kellogg, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1671-7447; Jaiswal, Pankaj/0000-0002-1005-8383; Reiser, Leonore/0000-0003-0073-0858; Zapata, Felipe/0000-0002-9386-0573 NR 12 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 SI SI BP D449 EP D454 DI 10.1093/nar/gkm908 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 253VJ UT WOS:000252545400081 PM 18194960 ER PT J AU Canaran, P Buckler, ES Glaubitz, JC Stein, L Sun, Q Zhao, W Ware, D AF Canaran, Payan Buckler, Edward S. Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. Stein, Lincoln Sun, Qi Zhao, Wei Ware, Doreen TI Panzea: an update on new content and features SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; MAIZE AB Panzea (http://www.panzea.org"), the public web site of the project Molecular and Functional Diversity in the Maize Genome, has expanded over the past two years in data content, display tools and informational sections. The most significant data content expansions occurred for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), sequencing, isozyme and phenotypic data types. We have enhanced our existing web display tools and have launched a number of new tools for data display and analysis. For example, we have implemented one that allows users to find polymorphisms between two accessions, a geographic map tool to visualize the geographic distribution of SNPs, simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and isozyme alleles and a graphical view of the placement of Panzea markers and genes/loci on genetic and physical maps. One goal of the informatics component of our project has been to generate code that can be used by other groups. We have enhanced our existing code base and have made our new tools available. Finally, we have also made available new informational sections as part of our educational and outreach efforts. C1 [Canaran, Payan; Stein, Lincoln; Zhao, Wei; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.; Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS, NAA Plant, Soil & Nutr Lab Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Glaubitz, Jeffrey C.] Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sun, Qi] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ware, D (reprint author), Cold Spring Harbor Lab, POB 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. EM ware@cshl.edu OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 SI SI BP D1041 EP D1043 DI 10.1093/nar/gkm1022 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 253VJ UT WOS:000252545400181 PM 18029361 ER PT J AU Duvick, J Fu, A Muppirala, U Sabharwal, M Wilkerson, MD Lawrence, CJ Lushbough, C Brendel, V AF Duvick, Jon Fu, Ann Muppirala, Usha Sabharwal, Mukul Wilkerson, Matthew D. Lawrence, Carolyn J. Lushbough, Carol Brendel, Volker TI PlantGDB: a resource for comparative plant genomics SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENE-STRUCTURE ANNOTATION; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; SEQUENCE; TOOL; COMMUNITY; ALIGNMENT; FEATURES; DATABASE; GATEWAY AB PlantGDB (http://www.plantgdb.org/) is a genomics database encompassing sequence data for green plants (Viridiplantae). PlantGDB provides annotated transcript assemblies for >100 plant species, with transcripts mapped to their cognate genomic context where available, integrated with a variety of sequence analysis tools and web services. For 14 plant species with emerging or complete genome sequence, PlantGDB's genome browsers (xGDB) serve as a graphical interface for viewing, evaluating and annotating transcript and protein alignments to chromosome or bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based genome assemblies. Annotation is facilitated by the integrated yrGATE module for community curation of gene models. Novel web services at PlantGDB include Tracembler, an iterative alignment tool that generates contigs from GenBank trace file data and BioExtract Server, a web-based server for executing custom sequence analysis workflows. PlantGDB also hosts a plant genomics research outreach portal (PGROP) that facilitates access to a large number of resources for research and training. C1 [Duvick, Jon; Fu, Ann; Muppirala, Usha; Sabharwal, Mukul; Wilkerson, Matthew D.; Brendel, Volker] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Brendel, Volker] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lushbough, Carol] Univ S Dakota, Dept Comp Sci, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Brendel, V (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vbrendel@iastate.edu NR 22 TC 118 Z9 122 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 SI SI BP D959 EP D965 DI 10.1093/nar/gkm1041 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 253VJ UT WOS:000252545400168 PM 18063570 ER PT J AU Harris, MA Deegan, JI Lomax, J Ashburner, M Tweedie, S Carbon, S Lewis, S Mungall, C Day-Richter, J Eilbeck, K Blake, JA Bult, C Diehl, AD Dolan, M Drabkin, H Eppig, JT Hill, DP Ni, L Ringwald, M Balakrishnan, R Binkley, G Cherry, JM Christie, KR Costanzo, MC Dong, Q Engel, SR Fisk, DG Hirschman, JE Hitz, BC Hong, EL Krieger, CJ Miyasato, SR Nash, RS Park, J Skrzypek, MS Weng, S Wong, ED Zhu, KK Botstein, D Dolinski, K Livstone, MS Oughtred, R Berardini, T Li, DH Rhee, SY Apweiler, R Barrell, D Camon, E Dimmer, E Huntley, R Mulder, N Khodiyar, VK Lovering, RC Povey, S Chisholm, R Fey, P Gaudet, P Kibbe, W Kishore, R Schwarz, EM Sternberg, P Van Auken, K Giglio, MG Hannick, L Wortman, J Aslett, M Berriman, M Wood, V Jacob, H Laulederkind, S Petri, V Shimoyama, M Smith, J Twigger, S Jaiswal, P Seigfried, T Howe, D Westerfield, M Collmer, C Torto-Alalibo, T Feltrin, E Valle, G Bromberg, S Burgess, S McCarthy, F AF Harris, Midori A. Deegan, Jennifer I. Lomax, Jane Ashburner, Michael Tweedie, Susan Carbon, Seth Lewis, Suzanna Mungall, Chris Day-Richter, John Eilbeck, Karen Blake, Judith A. Bult, Carol Diehl, Alexander D. Dolan, Mary Drabkin, Harold Eppig, Janan T. Hill, David P. Ni, Li Ringwald, Martin Balakrishnan, Rama Binkley, Gail Cherry, J. Michael Christie, Karen R. Costanzo, Maria C. Dong, Qing Engel, Stacia R. Fisk, Dianna G. Hirschman, Jodi E. Hitz, Benjamin C. Hong, Eurie L. Krieger, Cynthia J. Miyasato, Stuart R. Nash, Robert S. Park, Julie Skrzypek, Marek S. Weng, Shuai Wong, Edith D. Zhu, Kathy K. Botstein, David Dolinski, Kara Livstone, Michael S. Oughtred, Rose Berardini, Tanya Li, Donghui Rhee, Seung Y. Apweiler, Rolf Barrell, Daniel Camon, Evelyn Dimmer, Emily Huntley, Rachael Mulder, Nicola Khodiyar, Varsha K. Lovering, Ruth C. Povey, Sue Chisholm, Rex Fey, Petra Gaudet, Pascale Kibbe, Warren Kishore, Ranjana Schwarz, Erich M. Sternberg, Paul Van Auken, Kimberly Giglio, Michelle Gwinn Hannick, Linda Wortman, Jennifer Aslett, Martin Berriman, Matthew Wood, Valerie Jacob, Howard Laulederkind, Stan Petri, Victoria Shimoyama, Mary Smith, Jennifer Twigger, Simon Jaiswal, Pankaj Seigfried, Trent Howe, Doug Westerfield, Monte Collmer, Candace Torto-Alalibo, Trudy Feltrin, Erika Valle, Giorgio Bromberg, Susan Burgess, Shane McCarthy, Fiona CA Gene Ontology Consortium TI The Gene Ontology project in 2008 SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ONTOLOGY; RESOURCE; UNIFICATION; GENOME; TOOL AB The Gene Ontology (GO) project (http://www.geneontology.org) provides a set of structured, controlled vocabularies for community use in annotating genes, gene products and sequences (also see http://www.sequenceontology.org/). The ontologies have been extended and refined for several biological areas, and improvements to the structure of the ontologies have been implemented. To improve the quantity and quality of gene product annotations available from its public repository, the GO Consortium has launched a focused effort to provide comprehensive and detailed annotation of orthologous genes across a number of reference genomes, including human and several key model organisms. Software developments include two releases of the ontology-editing tool OBO-Edit, and improvements to the AmiGO browser interface. C1 [Ashburner, Michael; Tweedie, Susan] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. [Carbon, Seth; Lewis, Suzanna; Mungall, Chris; Day-Richter, John] BBOP, LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Eilbeck, Karen] Univ Utah, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Lomax, Jane] GO EBI, Hinxton, England. [Blake, Judith A.; Bult, Carol; Diehl, Alexander D.; Dolan, Mary; Drabkin, Harold; Eppig, Janan T.; Hill, David P.; Ni, Li; Ringwald, Martin] Jackson Lab, MGI, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Balakrishnan, Rama; Binkley, Gail; Cherry, J. Michael; Christie, Karen R.; Costanzo, Maria C.; Dong, Qing; Engel, Stacia R.; Fisk, Dianna G.; Hirschman, Jodi E.; Hitz, Benjamin C.; Hong, Eurie L.; Krieger, Cynthia J.; Miyasato, Stuart R.; Nash, Robert S.; Park, Julie; Skrzypek, Marek S.; Weng, Shuai; Wong, Edith D.; Zhu, Kathy K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, SGD, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Botstein, David; Dolinski, Kara; Livstone, Michael S.; Oughtred, Rose] Princeton Univ, Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Berardini, Tanya; Li, Donghui; Rhee, Seung Y.] Carnegie Inst, TAIR, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA USA. [Apweiler, Rolf; Barrell, Daniel; Camon, Evelyn; Dimmer, Emily; Huntley, Rachael; Mulder, Nicola] EBI, UniProt, GOA Database, Hinxton, England. [Khodiyar, Varsha K.; Lovering, Ruth C.; Povey, Sue] UCL, London, England. [Chisholm, Rex; Fey, Petra; Gaudet, Pascale; Kibbe, Warren] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Kishore, Ranjana; Schwarz, Erich M.; Sternberg, Paul; Van Auken, Kimberly] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA USA. [Giglio, Michelle Gwinn; Hannick, Linda; Wortman, Jennifer] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Aslett, Martin; Berriman, Matthew; Wood, Valerie] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Jacob, Howard; Laulederkind, Stan; Petri, Victoria; Shimoyama, Mary; Smith, Jennifer; Twigger, Simon] Med Coll Wisconsin, RGD, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Jaiswal, Pankaj] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY USA. [Seigfried, Trent] UDSA, ARS, MaizeGDB, Ames, IA USA. [Howe, Doug; Westerfield, Monte] Univ Oregon, ZFIN, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Collmer, Candace] Wells Coll, PAMGO, Aurora, NY USA. [Feltrin, Erika; Valle, Giorgio] Univ Padua, CRIBI, I-35100 Padua, Italy. [Bromberg, Susan; Burgess, Shane; McCarthy, Fiona] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM midori@ebi.ac.uk RI Berriman, Matthew/A-7618-2011; Kibbe, Warren/B-2106-2010; Fey, Petra/O-5977-2015; Diehl, Alexander/G-9883-2016; Jaiswal, Pankaj/H-7599-2016; Huntley, Rachael/R-1036-2016; OI Kibbe, Warren/0000-0001-5622-7659; Fey, Petra/0000-0002-4532-2703; Diehl, Alexander/0000-0001-9990-8331; Jaiswal, Pankaj/0000-0002-1005-8383; Huntley, Rachael/0000-0001-6718-3559; VALLE, GIORGIO/0000-0003-4377-5685 NR 18 TC 228 Z9 237 U1 5 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 SI SI BP D440 EP D444 DI 10.1093/nar/gkm883 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 253VJ UT WOS:000252545400079 ER PT J AU Liang, CZ Jaiswal, P Hebbard, C Avraham, S Buckler, ES Casstevens, T Hurwitz, B McCouch, S Ni, JJ Pujar, A Ravenscroft, D Ren, L Spooner, W Tecle, I Thomason, J Tung, CW Wei, XH Yap, I Youens-Clark, K Ware, D Stein, L AF Liang, Chengzhi Jaiswal, Pankaj Hebbard, Claire Avraham, Shuly Buckler, Edward S. Casstevens, Terry Hurwitz, Bonnie McCouch, Susan Ni, Junjian Pujar, Anuradha Ravenscroft, Dean Ren, Liya Spooner, William Tecle, Isaak Thomason, Jim Tung, Chih-wei Wei, Xuehong Yap, Immanuel Youens-Clark, Ken Ware, Doreen Stein, Lincoln TI Gramene: a growing plant comparative genomics resource SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION RESOURCE; DATABASE; RICE; ARABIDOPSIS; DIVERSITY; PROJECT AB Gramene (www.gramene.org) is a curated resource for genetic, genomic and comparative genomics data for the major crop species, including rice, maize, wheat and many other plant (mainly grass) species. Gramene is an open-source project. All data and software are freely downloadable through the ftp site (ftp.gramene.org/pub/gramene) and available for use without restriction. Gramenes core data types include genome assembly and annotations, other DNA/mRNA sequences, genetic and physical maps/markers, genes, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), proteins, ontologies, literature and comparative mappings. Since our last NAR publication 2 years ago, we have updated these data types to include new datasets and new connections among them. Completely new features include rice pathways for functional annotation of rice genes; genetic diversity data from rice, maize and wheat to show genetic variations among different germplasms; large-scale genome comparisons among Oryza sativa and its wild relatives for evolutionary studies; and the creation of orthologous gene sets and phylogenetic trees among rice, Arabidopsis thaliana, maize, poplar and several animal species (for reference purpose). We have significantly improved the web interface in order to provide a more user-friendly browsing experience, including a dropdown navigation menu system, unified web page for markers, genes, QTLs and proteins, and enhanced quick search functions. C1 [Liang, Chengzhi; Avraham, Shuly; Hurwitz, Bonnie; Ren, Liya; Spooner, William; Thomason, Jim; Wei, Xuehong; Youens-Clark, Ken; Ware, Doreen; Stein, Lincoln] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Jaiswal, Pankaj; Hebbard, Claire; McCouch, Susan; Ni, Junjian; Pujar, Anuradha; Ravenscroft, Dean; Tecle, Isaak; Tung, Chih-wei; Yap, Immanuel] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.; Casstevens, Terry] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.; Ware, Doreen] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, NAA Plant Soil & Nutr Lab Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Stein, L (reprint author), Cold Spring Harbor Lab, 1 Buntown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. EM lstein@cshl.edu RI Jaiswal, Pankaj/H-7599-2016; OI Jaiswal, Pankaj/0000-0002-1005-8383; Casstevens, Terry/0000-0001-7602-0487; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; TUNG, CHIH-WEI/0000-0001-5337-0177 NR 19 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 SI SI BP D947 EP D953 DI 10.1093/nar/gkm968 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 253VJ UT WOS:000252545400166 PM 17984077 ER PT J AU Luo, MH Fernandez-Estivariz, C Jones, DP Accardi, CR Alteheld, B Bazargan, N Hao, L Griffith, DP Blumberg, JB Galloway, JR Ziegler, TR AF Luo, Menghua Fernandez-Estivariz, Concepcion Jones, Dean P. Accardi, Carolyn R. Alteheld, Birgit Bazargan, Niloofar Hao, Li Griffith, Daniel P. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Galloway, John R. Ziegler, Thomas R. TI Depletion of plasma antioxidants in surgical intensive care unit patients requiring parenteral feeding: effects of parenteral nutrition with or without alanyl-glutamine dipeptide supplementation SO NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE alpha-tocopherol; critical illness; glutathione; parenteral nutrition; vitamin C; zinc ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MACULAR DEGENERATION; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID; TRACE-ELEMENT; ASCORBIC-ACID; SEPTIC SHOCK; MAJOR TRAUMA AB Objectives: Antioxidant depletion is common in critically ill patients. This study was designed to determine the effects of parenteral nutrition (PN), with or without glutamine (Gln) supplementation, on systemic antioxidant status in adult patients after major surgery who required PN in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) setting. Methods: Fifty-nine patients in the SICU who required PN after pancreatic surgery or cardiac, vascular, or colonic (non-pancreatic) surgery were randomized in a double-blinded study to receive standard PN (Gln-free) or Gln-supplemented PN (Gln-PN) in which Gln was provided as alanyl-Gin dipeptide. Conventional PN vitamin and mineral doses were administered to all subjects. Plasma concentrations of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and. the antioxidant nutrients alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, and zinc were determined at baseline (initiation of study PN) and again after 7 d of study PN. Data were analyzed for the total study cohort and within the pancreatic surgery and non-pancreatic (cardiac, vascular, and colonic) surgery patient subgroups. Results: Mean plasma antioxidant concentrations were within or slightly below the normal ranges. at baseline. However, a larger percentage of patients demonstrated below-normal baseline plasma concentrations of GSH (59%), vitamin C (59%), and zinc (68%), respectively. A smaller percentage of patients exhibited below-normal plasma a-tocopherol levels (21%). Study PN significantly improved plasma zinc levels in the entire study group and in each surgical subgroup, Gln-PN significantly improved the change in plasma levels of reduced GSH from baseline to day 7 in the non-pancreatic surgery patients (PN -0.27 mu M versus Gln-PN +0.26 mu M, P < 0.03). Conclusion: Low plasma levels of key antioxidants were common in this group of patients in the SICU despite administration of PN containing conventional micronutrients. Compared with standard PN, Gln-supplemented PN improved plasma GSH levels in patients in the SICU after cardiac, vascular, or colonic operations. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Menghua; Fernandez-Estivariz, Concepcion; Jones, Dean P.; Accardi, Carolyn R.; Alteheld, Birgit; Bazargan, Niloofar; Hao, Li; Ziegler, Thomas R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Galloway, John R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jones, Dean P.; Ziegler, Thomas R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Clin & Mol Nutr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Griffith, Daniel P.; Galloway, John R.; Ziegler, Thomas R.] Emory Univ Hosp, Nutr & Metab Support Serv, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ziegler, TR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM tzieg01@emory.edu FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025008, M01 RR00039, M01 RR000039, K24 RR023356-02, K24 RR023356, UL1 RR025008-01, K24 RR023356-03]; NIDDK NIH HHS [U01 DK069322-04, K24 DK096574, R03 DK054823, R03 DK054823-02, U01 DK069322] NR 37 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-9007 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD JAN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.nut.2007.10.004 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 243RH UT WOS:000251814500006 PM 18065204 ER PT B AU Solomons, NW Bermudez, OI AF Solomons, Noel W. Bermudez, Odilia I. BE Semba, RD Bloem, MW TI Nutrition in the Elderly in Developing Countries SO NUTRITION AND HEALTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, SECOND EDITION SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; BODY-MASS INDEX; CHRONIC DISEASES; HISPANIC ADULTS; HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; FOLIC-ACID; VITAMIN-D; DIET; OBESITY C1 [Solomons, Noel W.] Ctr Studies Sensory Impairment Aging & Metab CESS, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Bermudez, Odilia I.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Solomons, NW (reprint author), Ctr Studies Sensory Impairment Aging & Metab CESS, Guatemala City, Guatemala. NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-934115-24-4 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2008 BP 577 EP 599 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-464-3_19 D2 10.1007/978-1-59745-464-3 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BJU47 UT WOS:000267208700019 ER PT B AU Chumlea, WC Cockram, DB Dwyer, JT Han, H Kelly, MP AF Chumlea, Wm. Cameron Cockram, David B. Dwyer, Johanna T. Han, Haewook Kelly, Mary Pat BE ByhamGray, LD Burrowes, JD Chertow, GM TI Nutritional Assessment in Chronic Kidney Disease SO NUTRITION IN KIDNEY DISEASE SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Nutrition assessment; biochemical tests; dietary assessment; body composition; anthropometry; nutrient-based lesions; nutrition physical examination; physical findings ID TOTAL-BODY-WATER; CHRONIC-HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS PATIENTS; SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT; SIMPLE ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE AB Comprehensive nutrition assessments are comprised of an evaluation of the individual's body composition, biochemical tests, dietary intake and habits, and clinical profile. Integration of these methodologies is used to guide appropriate medical nutrition therapy and to monitor responses to therapeutic nutrition interventions. This chapter reviews (i) common biochemical tests used for assessment of nutritional and inflammatory status; (ii) dietary intake methodologies that provide the data needed to improve nutritional status and quality of life among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); (iii) body composition assessment methods useful in the CKD population which can facilitate the prescription and monitoring of appropriate clinical and nutritional therapies; and (iv) nutrition physical assessment techniques with illustrations of physical manifestations of nutrient deficiencies and excesses with a specific focus on patients with CKD. C1 [Chumlea, Wm. Cameron] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Pediat Lifespan Hlth Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Chumlea, Wm. Cameron] Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Cockram, David B.] Abbott Labs, Abbott Nutr Regulatory Affairs, Columbus, OH USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr,Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Han, Haewook] Harvard Vanguard Med Associates, Dept Nephrol, Boston, MA USA. [Kelly, Mary Pat] Geropsychiat Nursing Home Serv, Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Mento Pk, CA USA. RP Chumlea, WC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Boonshoft Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. NR 274 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-58829-781-5 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2008 BP 49 EP 118 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-032-4_4 PG 70 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC General & Internal Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA BJT82 UT WOS:000267147000004 ER PT J AU Wood, RJ AF Wood, Richard J. TI Vitamin D and adipogenesis: new molecular insights SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE adipogenesis; calcitriol; preadipocyte; vitamin D receptor ID 3T3-L1 CELLS; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; PPAR-GAMMA; C/EBP-BETA; D-RECEPTOR; LIGAND; PREADIPOCYTES; OBESITY; WOMEN AB The focus of the current review is to highlight some new insights into the molecular mechanism by which vitamin D, a potentially nutritionally modulated factor, influences adipogenesis. Recent studies, predominantly using the mouse 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell culture model, have shown that the role of vitamin D in inhibiting adipogenesis is mediated at the molecular level through a vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent inhibition of CCAAT enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBP alpha) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) expression and a decrease in PPAR gamma transactivating activity in the pre-adipocyte. The latter action may reflect a vitamin D-induced decrease in endogenous PPAR gamma ligand availability and a competition between VDR and PPAR gamma for a limiting amount of retinoid X receptor (RXR), a common heterodimeric binding partner of both nuclear receptors. (c) 2008 International Life Sciences Institute. C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wood, RJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Mineral Bioavailabil Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM richard.wood@tufts.edu NR 26 TC 64 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 66 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.00004.x PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 259TS UT WOS:000252964400005 PM 18254883 ER PT J AU Hays, NP Roberts, SB AF Hays, Nicholas P. Roberts, Susan B. TI Aspects of eating behaviors "disinhibition" and "restraint" are related to weight gain and BMI in women SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID HEALTHY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; DIETARY RESTRAINT; BODY-WEIGHT; RIGID CONTROL; ENERGY-INTAKE; OBESE WOMEN; QUEBEC FAMILY; ADULT MEN; ASSOCIATION; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Objective: The causes of adult weight gain leading to obesity are uncertain. We examined the association of adult weight gain and obesity with subscales of eating behavior characteristics in older women. Methods and Procedures: Current height and weight, eating behavior subscales (disinhibition subscales-habitual, situational, and emotional; restraint subscales-flexible and rigid; hunger subscales-internal and external) as assessed using the Eating Inventory (EI), and self-reported body weight at six prior age intervals were reported by 535 women aged 55-65 years. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between El subscale scores and weight change from the age interval of 30-39 to 55-60 years and current BMI. Results: The strongest correlate of weight gain over 20 years was susceptibility to overeating in response to everyday cues within the environment (habitual disinhibition; partial correlation coefficient (r) = 0.25, P < 0.001); susceptibility to overeating in response to emotional states such as depression (emotional disinhibition) was a quantitatively weaker but significant correlate (partial r = 0.17, P < 0.001), and susceptibility to overeating in response to specific situations such as social occasions (situational disinhibition) was not associated with weight gain. Flexible control of dietary restraint attenuated the influence of habitual disinhibition in particular on weight gain and BMI, and was less effective in attenuating associations of emotional or situational disinhibition. Discussion: Lifestyle modification programs for prevention and treatment of adult-onset obesity currently focus on reducing situational and emotional overeating; the results of this study suggest that a stronger emphasis on strategies that target habitual overeating may be warranted. C1 [Hays, Nicholas P.] Cent Arkansas Veterans Hlthcare Syst, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hays, Nicholas P.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Hays, NP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, DW Reynolds Dept Geriatr, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM NPHays@uams.edu OI Hays, Nicholas/0000-0002-7322-1600 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG012829, P01 AG023591, R01 AG012829-01A1, P01AG023591] NR 43 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 3 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JAN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 52 EP 58 DI 10.1038/oby.2007.12 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 253YU UT WOS:000252554300010 PM 18223612 ER PT J AU Benson, AC Torode, ME Singh, MAF AF Benson, A. C. Torode, M. E. Singh, M. A. Fiatarone TI Effects of resistance training on metabolic fitness in children and adolescents: a systematic review SO OBESITY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE adiposity; metabolic health; paediatric; weight training ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; OBESE PREPUBERTAL GIRLS; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DIETARY INTERVENTION; VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; BODY-COMPOSITION; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB The majority of resistance training (RT) research with children to date has focused on pre-adolescents and the safety and efficacy of this type of training rather than the potential metabolic health benefits. Our objectives, using computerized databases, were (i) to systematically review studies utilizing RT interventions with children and adolescents <18 years; (ii) to investigate the metabolic health outcomes (adiposity, lipids, insulin, glucose) associated with RT; (iii) to provide recommendations for future investigations. A total of 12 studies met the review criteria. There is only a small amount of evidence that children and adolescents may derive metabolic health-related adaptations from supervised RT. However, methodological limitations within the body of this literature make it difficult to determine the optimal RT prescription for metabolic fitness in children and adolescents, and the extent and duration of such benefits. More robustly designed single modality randomized controlled trials utilizing standardized reporting and precise outcome assessments are required to determine the extent of health outcomes attributable solely to RT and to enable the development of evidence-based obesity prevention and treatment strategies in this cohort. C1 [Benson, A. C.] RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, Discipline Exercise Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia. [Benson, A. C.; Torode, M. E.; Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, M. A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew SeniorLife & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ct, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Benson, AC (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Med Sci, Discipline Exercise Sci, Plenty Rd, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia. EM acbkiwi@clear.net.nz OI Benson, Amanda Clare/0000-0003-2959-8969 NR 75 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 20 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1467-7881 J9 OBES REV JI Obes. Rev. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 9 IS 1 BP 43 EP 66 DI 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00388.x PG 24 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 240KZ UT WOS:000251587800007 PM 18154602 ER PT B AU Lichtenstein, AH Matthan, NR AF Lichtenstein, Alice H. Matthan, Nirupa R. BE Thompson, LU Ward, WE TI Cardiovascular Disease SO OPTIMIZING WOMENS HEALTH THROUGH NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; TRANS-FATTY-ACIDS; HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VITAMIN-E CONSUMPTION; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; TREATMENT PANEL-III; DIETARY-FAT; ARTERY-DISEASE C1 [Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Matthan, Nirupa R.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 110 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-4300-6 PY 2008 BP 199 EP 227 PG 29 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics; Women's Studies GA BKU55 UT WOS:000269272700009 ER PT J AU Colorado, G Hamel, P Rodewald, A Thogmartin, W AF Colorado, Gabriel Hamel, Paul Rodewald, Amanda Thogmartin, Wayne TI El Grupo Ceruleo: Collaboration to assess nonbreeding range of Cerulean Warbler in South America SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Neotropical Ornithological Congress CY MAY 13-19, 2007 CL Maturin, VENEZUELA DE Cerulean Warbler; Dendroica cerulea; El Grupo Ceruleo; modeling assessment; distributional maps AB Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea: Parulidae) has been listed as a vulnerable species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature because of recent population declines. An international, proactive approach to Cerulean Warbler conservation, the Cerulean Warbler Technical Group, was founded in 2001. One of its subcommittees, El Grupo Ceruleo, addresses nonbreeding season issues to promote the protection of this bird through habitat conservation, field research on Cerulean Warbler winter ecology, public awareness, and the development of a predictive model to allow for assessment and monitoring of Cerulean Warbler. Most of the recent efforts of this group have been devoted to studying and understanding the spatial distribution of the Cerulean Warbler in South America through predictive models as a highly necessary strategy to elucidating the bird's occurrence, and thereby to identify and locate important nonbreeding habitats and areas of concentration in the Neotropics. To address this issue, members of El Grupo Ceruleo developed five hypothetical models of potential distribution of the bird in the northern Andes based on existing historical records and surveys conducted by El Grupo members. In order to validate the model output, we selected locations to verify the occurrence of the species, based on a stratified-random design, using locations where the Cerulean Warbler was predicted to occur by all five models. We elaborated field protocols to survey these locations. Resulting data will be structured for analysis using the techniques of occupancy modeling. Basic survey designs to carry out the fieldwork as well as preliminary results of the first year's fieldwork are presented. C1 [Colorado, Gabriel] Univ Nacl Colombia, Forestry Sci Dept, Medellin, Colombia. [Hamel, Paul] Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, US Forest Serv, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rodewald, Amanda] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Thogmartin, Wayne] USGS Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. RP Colorado, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Forestry Sci Dept, AA 1779, Medellin, Colombia. EM gjcolora@une.net.co RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008; Rodewald, Amanda/I-6308-2016 OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Rodewald, Amanda/0000-0002-6719-6306 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA SN 1075-4377 J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP. PY 2008 VL 19 SU S BP 521 EP 529 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 305DN UT WOS:000256158100048 ER PT J AU Bonine, KM Bjorkstedt, EP Ewel, KC Palik, M AF Bonine, Kimberly M. Bjorkstedt, Eric P. Ewel, Katherine C. Palik, Moses TI Population characteristics of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata (Decapoda : Portunidae) in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia: Effects of harvest and implications for management SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORSKAL DECAPODA; MUD CRAB; SOUTH-AFRICA; CRUSTACEA; MATURITY; AUSTRALIA; ABUNDANCE; ESTUARIES; MOVEMENT; ISLAND AB Apparent declines in abundance of mangrove crabs Scylla serrata, (Forsskal, 1755) in Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia, have prompted concern regarding long-term persistence of this important cultural and economic resource. To support development of effective management strategies, we gathered basic biological information about mangrove crabs on this island, where S. serrata is the only mangrove crab species present. In particular, we were interested in understanding movement patterns and evaluating spatial variation in population structure. Many population characteristics, including estimated life span, ontogenetic shifts in habitat use, sex-specific allometric relationships, male-biased sex ratios, and evidence for limited (<2 km) alongshore movement, are similar to those reported elsewhere in the range of the species. Therefore, insights from S. serrata populations elsewhere might usefully inform management of the species on Kosrae. Moreover, information reported in this study, for which there is no ambiguity about species identification, has broader relevance. Spatial variation in size structure of the population appears to be driven by variable harvest pressure that reflects distribution of the human population and location of emerging commercial harvest operations. Effective management of mangrove crabs is therefore likely to benefit from application of size-based or sex-based restrictions on harvest and might usefully incorporate spatially explicit strategies, such as partial or complete reserves. Development and implementation of effective management will necessarily depend on cultural as well as scientific information. C1 Stanford Univ, Ctr Environm Sci & Policy, Inst Int Studies, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Ecol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Bonine, KM (reprint author), Conservat Strategy Fund, 1160 G St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM kim@conservation-strategy.org NR 41 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.2984/1534-6188(2008)62[1:PCOTMC]2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 233PH UT WOS:000251102300001 ER PT J AU Uowolo, AL Denslow, JS AF Uowolo, Amanda L. Denslow, Julie S. TI Characteristics of the Psidium cattleianum (myrtaceae) seed bank in Hawaiian lowland wet forests SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; RAIN; RESTORATION; VEGETATION AB Psidium cattleianum Sabine (strawberry guava) is one of Hawai'i's most disruptive alien plants. Dense stands can suppress growth and establishment of native species, support high populations of crop-damaging fruit flies, and preclude restoration or management of native forests. Our research investigated factors affecting persistence of P. cattleianum seeds in lowland wet forest soils. We collected soil cores from four forested sites immediately after fruit fall and 6.5 months later. We found abundant germination of P. cattleianum, seeds immediately after fruit drop. Soil collected under mature P. cattleianum clumps yielded 761 viable seeds/m(2). We found no viable seeds 6.5 months after fruit drop. We evaluated seed longevity using seed bags buried below the litter layer that we retrieved after 28, 56, 196, and 365 days. Seeds either germinated or deteriorated rapidly after fruit drop; after 28 days, 22.3% of the buried seeds were viable and there were no viable seeds at 196 days. Predator effects were assessed using trays with a known number of seeds with and without predator exclosures. After 28 days, 37% of the seeds in the open trays were damaged by predators. The lack of a persistent seed bank likely is due to a combination of rapid, high germination rates, postdispersal seed predation, and seed mortality. We suggest that chemical or mechanical control efforts would be most efficient and effective if conducted at least 3 months after the fruiting season, when the vast majority of seeds have either germinated or died. C1 USDA, Forestry Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Uowolo, AL (reprint author), USDA, Forestry Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM auowolo@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.2984/1534-6188(2008)62[129:COTPCM]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 233PH UT WOS:000251102300008 ER PT J AU Jarzen, DM Hogsette, JA AF Jarzen, David M. Hogsette, Jerome A. TI POLLEN FROM THE EXOSKELETONS OF STABLE FLIES, STOMOXYS CALCITRANS (LINNAEUS 1758), IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA, USA SO PALYNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stable flies pollen; Salix caroliniana; Stomoxys calcitrans; Florida AB Stable flies ire all important pest of humans and livestock. Despite being blood feeders. they also visit flowers to eat nectar. Stable flies with pollen adhering to their exoskeletons were collected at the University of Florida Horse Teaching Unit and taken to the Paleobotany and Palynology Laboratory at the Florida Museum of Natural History for processing and identification. The pollen oil all the specimens was identified as Carolina willow, Salix caroliniana Michaux 1803. This small shrub or tree is found throughout Florida in wetland areas. This Study demonstrates the utility of pollen analysis in interdisciplinary studies. C1 [Jarzen, David M.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Palaeobot & Palynol Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hogsette, Jerome A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Jarzen, DM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Palaeobot & Palynol Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM dmj@flmnh.ufl.edu; jerry.hogsette@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC STRATIGRAPHIC PALYNOLOGISTS FOUNDATION PI COLLEGE STATION PA C/O VAUGHN M BRYANT, JR, PALNOLOGY LABORATORY, TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-4352, UNITED STATES SN 0191-6122 J9 PALYNOLOGY JI Palynology PY 2008 VL 32 BP 77 EP 81 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA V10WR UT WOS:000207494600006 ER PT J AU Liu, DG Flint, ML Seybold, SJ AF Liu, Deguang Flint, Mary L. Seybold, Steven J. TI A secondary sexual character in the redhaired pine bark beetle, Hylurgus ligniperda Fabricius (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Liu, Deguang; Flint, Mary L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Seybold, SJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 720 Olive Dr,Suite D, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sseybold@fs.fed.us NR 11 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 84 IS 1 BP 26 EP 28 DI 10.3956/2007-21.1 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 314YQ UT WOS:000256845500005 ER PT J AU Strom, BL Smith, SL Wakarchuk, DA AF Strom, B. L. Smith, S. L. Wakarchuk, D. A. TI An improved synthetic attractant for the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Scolytinae), in northeastern California SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LODGEPOLE PINE; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; SEMIOCHEMICALS; VOLATILES; ALLOZYME; FIELD C1 [Strom, B. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Smith, S. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Susanville, CA 96130 USA. [Wakarchuk, D. A.] Synergy Semiochem Corp, Burnaby, BC V5J 4R7, Canada. RP Strom, BL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA C/O CALIFORNIA ACADEMY SCIENCES, 875 HOWARD STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-3009 USA SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 84 IS 1 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.3956/2007-31.1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 314YQ UT WOS:000256845500010 ER PT J AU Lindstrom, I Sundar, N Lindh, J Kironde, F Kabasa, JD Kwok, OCH Dubey, JP Smith, JE AF Lindstroem, I. Sundar, N. Lindh, J. Kironde, F. Kabasa, J. D. Kwok, O. C. H. Dubey, J. P. Smith, J. E. TI Isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from Ugandan chickens reveals frequent multiple infections SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; genotyping; seroprevalence; bioassay; chickens; Uganda ID FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; PUBLIC-HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; SOUTH-AMERICA; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; BIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS; HIGH PREVALENCE; SRI-LANKA AB The genetic make-up of an infecting Toxoplasma gondii strain may be important for the outcome of infection and the risk of reactivation of chronic disease. In order to survey the distribution of different genotypes within an area, free-range chickens act as a good model species. In this study 85 chickens were used to investigate the prevalence, genotype and mouse virulence of T. gondii in Kampala, Uganda. Antibodies were detected in 40 chickens, of which 20 had MAT-titres of 1 :20 or higher and were also positive by PCR. Genotyping of 5 loci (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6) showed that 6 strains belonged to genotype I, 8 to Type II and I to Type III. Five chickens had multiple infections; 3 individuals with Type I plus Type II and a further 2 harbouring Types I, II and III. Isolates were obtained from 9 chickens via bioassay in mice, 6 were Type II strains and 3 were from animals with mixed infection. This is the first set of African T. gondii strains to be genotyped at multiple loci and in addition to the 3 predominant lineages we found a small number of new polymorphisms and a high frequency of multiple infections. C1 [Lindstroem, I.; Smith, J. E.] Univ Leeds, IICB, Fac Biol Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Sundar, N.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Dubey, J. P.] USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lindh, J.] Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control, Dept Parasitol Mycol & Environm Microbiol, S-17182 Solna, Sweden. [Kabasa, J. D.] Makerere Univ, Fac Vet Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Lindstrom, I (reprint author), Univ Leeds, IICB, Fac Biol Sci, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM e.i.lindstrom@leeds.ac.uk OI Smith, Judith/0000-0002-2206-3534 NR 53 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 135 IS 1 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1017/S0031182007003654 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 262MB UT WOS:000253151500005 PM 17892617 ER PT B AU Crow, TR AF Crow, Thomas R. BE Lafortezza, R Chen, J Sanesi, G Crow, TR TI Managing Forest Landscapes for Climate Change SO PATTERNS AND PROCESSES IN FOREST LANDSCAPES: MULTIPLE USE AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO Landscape Ecology Workshop CY SEP, 2006 CL Locorotondo, ITALY ID SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; CONNECTIVITY; CONSERVATION; CORRIDORS; ECOLOGY AB Climate change is the defining issue of the day and probably for many subsequent generations of resource managers. Although the public and therefore the policymakers have been slow in grasping the far-reaching consequences of climate change on our social and economic institutions, they are now desperately seeking options for dealing with novel climates, ecological uncertainties, and potential social and economic dislocations. The challenges cannot be overstated, but neither can the role of scientists in helping provide the knowledge for making informed decisions. The science of landscape ecology, with its emphasis on integration and holism, has an important role to play in informing decision makers. In this paper, I explore this role in the context of managing forest landscapes. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Environm Sci Staff, Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Crow, TR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Environm Sci Staff, Res & Dev, Stop Code 1113,1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM tcrow@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8503-1 PY 2008 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8504-8_3 PG 11 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BIO49 UT WOS:000261350700003 ER PT B AU Moser, WK Bolliger, J Bragg, DC Hansen, MH Hatfield, MA Nigh, TA Schulte, LA AF Moser, W. Keith Bolliger, Janine Bragg, Don C. Hansen, Mark H. Hatfield, Mark A. Nigh, Timothy A. Schulte, Lisa A. BE Lafortezza, R Chen, J Sanesi, G Crow, TR TI Tools for Understanding Landscapes: Combining Large-Scale Surveys to Characterize Change SO PATTERNS AND PROCESSES IN FOREST LANDSCAPES: MULTIPLE USE AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO Landscape Ecology Workshop CY SEP, 2006 CL Locorotondo, ITALY ID LAND SURVEY RECORDS; FOREST MANAGEMENT INTENSITY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; UNITED-STATES; MISSOURI OZARKS; UPPER PENINSULA; FIRE REGIMES; RESTORATION; ECOLOGY; USA AB All landscapes change continuously. Since change is perceived and interpreted through measures of scale, any quantitative analysis of landscapes must identify and describe the spatiotemporal mosaics shaped by large-scale structures and processes. This process is controlled by core influences, or "drivers," that shape the change and affect the outcome depending on their magnitude and intensity. Our understanding of landscape change and its drivers depends upon many different sources of information of varying quality and breadth - some quantitative, some systematic, others anecdotal or qualitative. In this respect, large-scale surveys and inventories capable of documenting landscape composition, structure, and dynamics, both past and present, can prove to be vital tools for addressing contemporary resource issues. This chapter examines the role of large-scale inventories in identifying landscape change and developing hypotheses about the underlying drivers. Although a number of such sources exist, we shall focus on two from the United States: the Public Land Surveys (1785-1900), and the US Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis program (1930s-present). After defining landscapes and providing definitions and examples of landscape change, we evaluate these surveys with respect to their potential use for ecological analysis, and present examples of their use for ecosystem reconstruction. These longitudinal comparisons are a good first step in understanding the biophysical processes that drive landscape change, but determining the influence of other drivers - social, cultural, or economic - requires other sources of information that are rarely systematic or conclusive. To this end, cautious analysis and conservative conclusions are essential when employing this mix of data sources. C1 [Moser, W. Keith; Bolliger, Janine; Bragg, Don C.; Hansen, Mark H.; Hatfield, Mark A.; Nigh, Timothy A.; Schulte, Lisa A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN USA. RP Moser, WK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, St Paul, MN USA. EM wkmoser@fs.fed.us RI Bolliger, Janine/L-3387-2013 OI Bolliger, Janine/0000-0001-8145-559X NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8503-1 PY 2008 BP 149 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8504-8_10 PG 6 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BIO49 UT WOS:000261350700010 ER PT B AU Crow, TR AF Crow, Thomas R. BE Lafortezza, R Chen, J Sanesi, G Crow, TR TI Ecology-Based Landscape Planning and Management SO PATTERNS AND PROCESSES IN FOREST LANDSCAPES: MULTIPLE USE AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO Landscape Ecology Workshop CY SEP, 2006 CL Locorotondo, ITALY ID FOREST MANAGEMENT; DISTURBANCE C1 USDA Forest Serv, Environm Sci Staff, Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Crow, TR (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Environm Sci Staff, Res & Dev, Stop Code 1113,1400 Independence Ave, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM tcrow@fs.fed.us; tcrow@fs.fed.us NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8503-1 PY 2008 BP 399 EP 401 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8504-8_21 PG 3 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BIO49 UT WOS:000261350700021 ER PT J AU Riskin, A Nannegari, VH Mond, Y AF Riskin, Arieh Nannegari, Veena H. Mond, Yehudit TI Acute effectors of GLUT1 glucose transporter subcellular targeting in CIT3 mouse mammary epithelial cells SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE INHIBITOR; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; RAT ADIPOSE-CELLS; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; ORGANELLE STRUCTURE; GROWTH-FACTOR; TRANSLOCATION; GLAND; WORTMANNIN; EXPRESSION AB Lactogenic hormones cause intracellular targeting of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) for transport of glucose to the site of lactose synthesis in mammary glands. Our aim was to study the intracellular trafficking mechanisms involved in GLUT1 targeting and recycling in CIT3 mouse mammary epithelial cells. Fusion proteins of GLUT1 and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were expressed in CIT3 cells maintained in growth medium (GM), or exposed to secretion medium (SM), containing prolactin. Agents acting on Golgi and related subcellular compartments and on GLUT1 and GLUT4 targeting in muscle and fat cells were studied. Wortmannin and staurosporine effects on internalization of GLUT1 were not specific, supporting a basal constitutive GLUT1 membrane-recycling pathway between an intracellular pool and the cell surface in CIT3 cells, which targets most GLUT1 to the plasma membrane in GM. Upon exposure to prolactin in SM, GLUT1 was specifically targeted intracellularly to a brefeldin A-sensitive compartment. Arrest of endosomal acidification by bafilomycin A1 disrupted this prolactin-induced GLUT1 intracellular trafficking with central coalescence of GLUT1-EGFP signal, suggesting that it is via endosomal pathways. This machinery offers another level of regulation of lactose synthesis by altering GLUT1 targeting within minutes to hours. C1 [Riskin, Arieh; Nannegari, Veena H.] USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mond, Yehudit] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Visualizat Lab, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Riskin, A (reprint author), Bnai Zion Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, 47 Golomb St,POB 4940, IL-31048 Haifa, Israel. EM arik.riskin@b-zion.org.il FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R29HD/DK34701] NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 56 EP 61 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 244SK UT WOS:000251885400011 PM 18043507 ER PT S AU Bier, DM AF Bier, Dennis M. BE Bier, DM German, JB Lonnerdal, B TI The Phenotype of Human Obesity: The Scope of the Problem SO PERSONALIZED NUTRITION FOR THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN SE Nestle Nutrition Institute Workshop Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Nestle Nutrition Workshop CY SEP 02-06, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND ID BODY-MASS INDEX; HYPOTHALAMIC FEEDING CIRCUITS; MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR GENE; DOUBLY LABELED WATER; HISPANIC CHILDREN; ADULT OBESITY; PARENTAL INFLUENCE; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; EATING BEHAVIOR; INFANT WEIGHT AB The prevention and treatment of childhood obesity have proven to be extremely difficult problems. Since the equation for maintaining energy balance is an extremely simple one, having only two terms, 'energy in' and 'energy out', the difficulties encountered in its application for obesity management are not immediately obvious. Among the problems that make practical application of the energy balance equation more difficult than expected are: (1) the precise feedback control system that is designed to maintain weight Within a given range; (2) the aggressive resistance of the system to attempts to exceed its boundaries; (3) inaccurate assessment of energy intake in practice; (4) the dominant role of genes in determining body weight; (5) the polygenic nature of obesity and the fact that any single gene accounts for a small fraction of the genetic variation in weight; (6) underestimation of the genetic contribution to the current 'epidemic' of obesity; (7) the fact that 'modifiable' risk factors may be less modifiable than expected; (8) appreciation that fan-Lily role modeling may be less influential than anticipated, and (9) the realization that our knowledge about the development of physical activity behaviors in childhood is extremely limited. Copyright (C) 2008 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel C1 Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Bier, DM (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 978-3-8055-8553-8 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2008 VL 62 BP 97 EP 110 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BII04 UT WOS:000259605400007 PM 18626195 ER PT S AU Gomes, MV Waterland, RA AF Gomes, Marcus V. Waterland, Robert A. BE Bier, DM German, JB Lonnerdal, B TI Individual Epigenetic Variation: When, Why, and So What? SO PERSONALIZED NUTRITION FOR THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN SE NESTLE NUTRITION WORKSHOP SERIES PEDIATRIC PROGRAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Nestle Nutrition Workshop CY SEP 02-06, 2007 CL Helsinki, FINLAND ID HERITABLE GERMLINE EPIMUTATION; BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME; DNA METHYLATION; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN DEVELOPMENT; COLORECTAL-CANCER; INHERITANCE; GENOME; LOCUS AB Epigenetics provides a potential explanation for how environmental factors modify the risk for common diseases among individuals. Interindividual variation in DNA methylation and epigenetic regulation has been reported at specific genomic regions including transposable elements, genomically imprinted genes and the 'inactive' X chromosomes in females. We currently have a very poor understanding of the factors that contribute to interindividual epigenetic variation. In particular, it is important to understand when during the life cycle epigenetic variation arises, why epigenetic regulation varies among individuals, and whether epigenetic interindividuality affects susceptibility to diet-related chronic disease. In this review we will summarize current progress toward answering these questions. Copyright (C) 2008 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Gomes, Marcus V.; Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Gomes, MV (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 978-3-8055-8553-8 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2008 VL 62 BP 141 EP 155 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BII04 UT WOS:000259605400010 PM 18626198 ER PT J AU Grayson, DK Millar, CI AF Grayson, Donald K. Millar, Constance I. TI Prehistoiric human influence on the abundance and distiribution of deadwood in alpine landscapes SO PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article DE alpine treeline; western USA; holocene; anthropogenic impacts; archeology; dendrochronology ID SIERRA-NEVADA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WHITE MOUNTAINS; HIGH-ALTITUDE; GREAT-BASIN; TIMBERLINE; CALIFORNIA; WOOD; CHRONOLOGY; DYNAMICS AB Scientists have long inferred the locations of past treelines from the distribution of deadwood above modern tree boundaries. Although it is recognized that deadwood above treeline may have decayed, the absence of such wood is routinely taken to imply the absence of trees for periods ranging from the past few millennia to the entire Holocene. Reconstructed treeline histories are then explained in terms of such variables as slope, drainage, temperature, solar insolation, and precipitation. While these variables certainly help determine where deadwood is to be found above treeline today, we suggest that they cannot always explain where it is not to be found. In the alpine environments of the western United States, archeological work has established a human presence during nearly the entire Holocene in portions of the Rocky Mountains and for over 5000 radiocarbon years in the Great Basin and Sierra Nevada. We suggest that prehistoric occupations may have stripped deadwood from the landscape in all of these areas. To the extent that this is true, reconstructions of past treelines from deadwood may reflect the human prehistory of an area as much as it reflects treeline history itself. We encourage evaluation of this hypothesis in areas of active dendrochronological and archeological research. (c) 2008 Rubel Foundation, ETH Zurich. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Grayson, Donald K.] Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Millar, Constance I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RP Grayson, DK (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Box 353100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM grayson@u.washington.edu NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1433-8319 J9 PERSPECT PLANT ECOL JI Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. PY 2008 VL 10 IS 2 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.ppees.2008.01.002 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 306CQ UT WOS:000256226300003 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Pest Management and Phytosanitary Trade Barriers SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 1 EP 13 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100002 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS Preface SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; HOT-WATER IMMERSION; CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; IRRADIATION QUARANTINE TREATMENT; RADIO-FREQUENCY TREATMENTS; IN-SHELL WALNUTS; POTENTIAL GEOGRAPHICAL-DISTRIBUTION; MACONELLICOCCUS-HIRSUTUS HOMOPTERA; TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE; EPIPHYAS-POSTVITTANA LEPIDOPTERA C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 465 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP VII EP + D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 27 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100001 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Agricultural Warfare and Bioterrorism Using Invasive Species SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 14 EP 19 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0014 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100003 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Plant Regulatory Organizations SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 20 EP 26 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0020 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100004 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Managing Risk of Pest Introduction, Establishment and Spread in a Changing World SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 27 EP 46 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0027 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100005 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Systems and Related Approaches to Pest Risk Management SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 47 EP 70 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0047 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 24 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100006 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Development of Postharvest Phytosanitary Disinfestation Treatments SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 71 EP 95 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0071 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 25 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100007 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Disinfestation with Cold SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 96 EP 110 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0096 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100008 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Phytosanitary Heat Treatments SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 111 EP 131 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0111 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100009 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Phytosanitation with Ionizing Radiation SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 132 EP 152 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0132 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100010 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Disinfestation by Fumigation SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 153 EP 170 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0153 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100011 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Disinfestation with Modified (Controlled) Atmosphere Storage SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 171 EP 185 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0171 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100012 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Postharvest Phytosanitary Pesticide Treatments SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 186 EP 196 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0186 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100013 ER PT J AU Heather, NW Hallman, GJ AF Heather, Neil W. Hallman, Guy J. BA Heather, NW Hallman, GJ BF Heather, NW Hallman, GJ TI Miscellaneous Phytosanitary Treatments SO PEST MANAGEMENT AND PHYTOSANITARY TRADE BARRIERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Heather, Neil W.] Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. [Hallman, Guy J.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Heather, NW (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Land Crop & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-343-2 PY 2008 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1079/9781845933432.0197 D2 10.1079/9781845933432.0000 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BWQ35 UT WOS:000294466100014 ER PT J AU Prasifka, JR Lopez, MD Hellmich, RL Prasifka, PL AF Prasifka, Jarrad R. Lopez, Miriam D. Hellmich, Richard L. Prasifka, Patricia L. TI Effects of insecticide exposure on movement and population size estimates of predatory ground beetles (Coleoptera : Carabidae) SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sublethal; activity-density; pitfall traps; pyrethroids; EthoVision; hormesis ID COCCINELLA-SEPTEMPUNCTATA; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; CORN; ARTHROPODS; RESIDUES; IMPACT; PLANTS; CROPS; PREY; PEST AB BACKGROUND: Estimates of arthropod population size may paradoxically increase following insecticide applications. Research with ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) suggests that such unusual results reflect increased arthropod movement and capture in traps rather than real changes in population size. However, it is unclear whether direct (hyperactivity) or indirect (prey-mediated) mechanisms produce increased movement. RESULTS: Video tracking of Scarites quadyiceps Chaudior indicated that brief exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin or tefluthrin increased total distance moved, maximum velocity and percentage of time moving. Repeated measurements on individual beetles indicated that movement decreased 240 min after initial lambda-cyhalothrin exposure, but increased again following a second exposure, suggesting hyperactivity could lead to increased trap captures in the field. Two field experiments in which ground beetles were collected after lambda-cyhalothrin or permethrin application attempted to detect increases in population size estimates as a result of hyperactivity. Field trials used mark-release-recapture methods in small plots and natural carabid populations in larger plots, but found no significant short-term (<6 day) increases in beetle trap captures. CONCLUSION: The disagreement between laboratory and field results suggests mechanisms other than hyperactivity may better explain unusual changes in population size estimates. When traps are used as a primary sampling tool, unexpected population-level effects should be interpreted carefully or with additional data less influenced by arthropod activity. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Prasifka, Jarrad R.; Lopez, Miriam D.; Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hellmich, Richard L.; Prasifka, Patricia L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Prasifka, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab C-O Insectary, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM prasifka@iastate.edu NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 25 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 64 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1002/ps.1460 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 255YI UT WOS:000252694100005 PM 17912680 ER PT J AU Glynn, NC Comstock, JC Sood, SG Dang, PM Chaparro, JX AF Glynn, Neil C. Comstock, Jack C. Sood, Sushma G. Dang, Phat M. Chaparro, Jose X. TI Isolation of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat and kinase resistance gene analogues from sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE resistance gene analogues; NBS-LRR; kinase; sugarcane; Puccinia melanocephala; yellow leaf; SCYLV ID RUST-RESISTANCE; BREAD WHEAT; GENOME; MARKERS; ARABIDOPSIS; ALIGNMENT; HOMOLOGS; SORGHUM; MEMBER; LOCUS AB BACKGROUND: Resistance gene analogues (RGAs) have been isolated from many crops and offer potential in breeding for disease resistance through marker-assisted selection, either as closely linked or as perfect markers. Many R-gene sequences contain kinase domains, and indeed kinase genes have been reported as being proximal to R-genes, making kinase analogues an additionally promising target. The first step towards utilizing RGAs as markers for disease resistance is isolation and characterization of the sequences. RESULTS: Sugarcane clone US01-1158 was identified as resistant to yellow leaf caused by the sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) and moderately resistant to rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala Sydow & Sydow. Degenerate primers that had previously proved useful for isolating RGAs and kinase analogues in wheat and soybean were used to amplify DNA from sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) clone US-01-1158. Sequences generated from 1512 positive clones were assembled into 134 contigs of between two and 105 sequences. Comparison of the contig consensuses with the NCBI sequence database using BLASTx showed that 20 had sequence homology to nuclear binding site and leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) RGAs, and eight to kinase genes. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences with similar sequences from the NCBI database allowed the identification of several conserved domains. The alignment and resulting phenetic tree showed that many of the sequences had greater similarity to sequences from other species than to one another. CONCLUSIONS: The use of degenerate primers is a useful method for isolating novel sugarcane RGA and kinase gene analogues. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of these genes in disease resistance. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Glynn, Neil C.; Comstock, Jack C.; Sood, Sushma G.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Dang, Phat M.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Chaparro, Jose X.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Glynn, NC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM neil.glynn@ars.usda.gov RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 41 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 64 IS 1 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1002/ps.1469 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 255YI UT WOS:000252694100007 PM 17935262 ER PT S AU Hoffmann, WC Hewitt, AJ Ross, JB Bagley, WE Martin, DE Fritz, BK AF Hoffmann, W. Clint Hewitt, A. J. Ross, J. B. Bagley, W. E. Martin, D. E. Fritz, B. K. BE Lindner, G Salyani, M Martin, C TI Spray Adjuvant Effects on Droplet Size Spectra Measured by Three Laser-Based Systems in a High-Speed Wind Tunnel SO PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS & DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 26 VOL: REASSESSING PESTICIDE TECHNOLOGIES SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th Symposium on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems CY OCT 17-20, 2005 CL Dallas, TX SP ASTM Int Comm E35 DE adjuvants; aerial application; laser diffraction; droplet imaging system; droplet measurement; droplet size ID DRIFT; DIFFRACTION AB Spray droplet size has long been recognized as the most important variable that aerial applicators can influence to mitigate spray drift from the application site. There are several different technologies that are used by researchers to measure droplet size from spray nozzles. The objective of these studies was to determine the influence of eight spray adjuvants on the droplet size spectrum produced by two nozzles in a high-speed wind tunnel when characterized using three different droplet size measurement systems. The adjuvant, nozzles, and airspeeds used in these studies are commonly used by aerial applicators. Three droplet sizing systems (Malvern laser diffraction, PMS optical array probe, and LaVision laser imaging) were simultaneously operated to measure the spray droplet size spectra for each adjuvant, airspeed, and nozzle combination. Two spray nozzles (a D6-46 nozzle and a D2 straight stream nozzle) were evaluated in a high-speed wind tunnel at airspeeds of 45 and 58 m/sec. There were significant differences in the droplet size spectra produced by the eight spray adjuvants tested. There were also significant differences between the droplet size values reported by the three measurement systems (Malvern, LaVision, and PMS) evaluated; however, there was considerable agreement trendwise. In general, the Malvern reported smaller spray droplet size spectra values than the LaVision, while the PMS system generally reported the largest spray droplet size spectra values. These tests are the first reported studies where all three droplet sizing systems were operated simultaneously. C1 [Hoffmann, W. Clint] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. OI Hewitt, Andrew/0000-0001-9210-7013 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 978-0-8031-3403-4 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2008 VL 1478 BP 60 EP 71 DI 10.1520/STP46608S PG 12 WC Agronomy; Chemistry, Applied; Entomology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Entomology GA BIM80 UT WOS:000260921200009 ER PT J AU Pu, RL Kelly, M Anderson, GL Gong, P AF Pu, Ruiliang Kelly, Maggi Anderson, Gerald L. Gong, Peng TI Using CASI hyperspectral imagery to detect mortality and vegetation stress associated with a new hardwood forest disease SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; SPECTRAL ABSORPTION FEATURES; CONIFER SPECIES RECOGNITION; QUERCUS-AGRIFOLIA LEAVES; LEAF-AREA INDEX; LANDSAT TM DATA; WATER STATUS; CANOPY CHEMISTRY; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; OREGON TRANSECT AB A Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager-2 (CASI) dataset was used for detecting mortality and vegetation stress associated with a new forest disease. We first developed a multilevel classification scheme to improve classification accuracy. Then, the CASI raw data were transformed to reflectance and corrected for topography, and a principal component (Pc) transformation of all 48 bonds and the visible bands and NIR bands were separately conducted to extract features from the CASI data. Finally, we classified the calibrated and corrected CASI imagery using a maximum likelihood classifier and tested the relative accuracies of classification across the scheme. The multilevel scheme consists of four levels (Levels 0 to 3). Level 0 covered the entire study area, classifying eight classes (oak trees, California bay trees, shrub areas, grasses, dead trees, dry areas, wet areas, and water). At Level 1, the vegetated and non-vegetated areas were separated. The vegetated and non-vegetated areas were further subdivided into four vegetated (oak trees, California bay trees, shrub areas, grasses) and four non-vegetated (dead trees, dry areas, wet areas, and water) classes at Level 2. Level 3 identified stressed and non-stressed oak trees (two classes). The ten classes classifled at different levels are defined as final classes in this study. The experimental results indicated that classification accuracy generally increased as the detailed classification level increased. When the CASI topographically corrected reflectance data were processed into ten PCs (five Pcs from the visible region and five PCs from NIR bands), the classification accuracy for Level 2 vegetated classes (non-vegetated classes) increased to 80.15 percent (94.10 percent) from 78.07 percent (92.66 percent) at Level 0. The accuracy of separating stressed from non-stressed oak trees at Level 3 was 75.55 percent. When classified as a part of Level 0, the stressed and non-stressed were almost inseparable. Furthermore, we found that PCs derived from visible and NIR bands separately yielded more accurate results than the Pcs from all 48 CASI bands. C1 [Pu, Ruiliang] Univ S Florida, Dept Geog, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Kelly, Maggi; Gong, Peng] Univ Calif Berkeley, CAMFER, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Anderson, Gerald L.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Pu, RL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Geog, 4202 E Fowler Ave,NSE 107, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM rpu@cas.usf.edu NR 54 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 1 BP 65 EP 75 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 247KM UT WOS:000252077700008 ER PT J AU Quintanar, AI Mahmood, R Loughrin, J Lovanh, NC AF Quintanar, Arturo I. Mahmood, Rezaul Loughrin, John Lovanh, Nanh C. TI A coupled MM5-Noah land surface model-based assessment of sensitivity of planetary boundary layer variables to anomalous soil moisture conditions SO PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE soil moisture; regional modeling; land surface-atmosphere interactions ID ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; SUMMER RAINFALL; DEEP CONVECTION; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; PRECIPITATION; SYSTEM; PARAMETERIZATION; VEGETATION; FEEDBACK AB The sensitivity of the near Surface weather variables and small-scale convection to Soil Moisture for Western Kentucky was investigated with the aide of the MM5 Penn State/NCAR mesoscale atmospheric model for three different synoptic conditions in June 2006. The model was initialized with FNL reanalysis from NCEP containing soil moisture data calculated with the Noah land surface model. Dry and wet experiments were performed in order to find the influence of soil moisture specification on boundary layer atmospheric variables. Dry experiments showed less available atmospheric moisture (between 2 and 6 g kg(-1)) at near-surface levels during all synoptic events consistent with slightly deeper boundary layers, higher lifting condensation levels and a larger Bowen ratio. As expected, precipitation rates were generally smaller than those of the control simulation. However, during a moderately strong synoptic event in early June, the dry experiments displayed larger precipitation rates compared to the control experiment (up to 5 mm in 3 hr) as the soil volumetric fraction was decreased from 0,05 to 0.15 (m(3) m(-3)) with respect to the control simulation. Precipitation rates in wet experiments were also modulated by characteristics of synoptic conditions. In early)Line, precipitation rates slightly were larger than the control run (from 0.2 mm 3 h(-1) to 1.4 mm 3 h(-1)) while in the other periods precipitation was reduced significantly. Both dry and wet anomaly experiments experienced reduced precipitation for different reasons. It was found, lifting condensation level, CAPE and low Bowen ratio were not sensitive markers of changes in soil moisture. Equivalent potential temperature was a better indicator of precipitation changes among all experiments. The controlling factor in these responses was the soil moisture content forcing vertical velocities. Thermodynamic conditions such as local stability played a less substantial role in controlling the precipitation processes. It was found that the response of planetary boundary layer variables under a variety of soil moisture conditions can be modified clue to degree of synoptic forcing. Weak-to-moderate forcing favored convection while strong synoptic forcing tended to Suppress it under dry soil moisture conditions. Wetter soils did not produce a response in horizontal wind fields as large as under the drier soils. C1 [Quintanar, Arturo I.; Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Quintanar, Arturo I.; Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Kentucky Climate Ctr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Loughrin, John; Lovanh, Nanh C.] USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Quintanar, AI (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU BELLWETHER PUBL LTD PI COLUMBIA PA 8640 GUILFORD RD, STE 200, COLUMBIA, MD 21046 USA SN 0272-3646 J9 PHYS GEOGR JI Phys. Geogr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 29 IS 1 BP 54 EP 78 DI 10.2747/0272-3646.29.1.54 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 349JT UT WOS:000259277800005 ER PT J AU Dyer, JM Mullen, RT AF Dyer, John M. Mullen, Robert T. TI Engineering plant oils as high-value industrial feedstocks for biorefining: the need for underpinning cell biology research SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Review ID STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE; FATTY-ACID DESATURASES; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ER MEMBRANE; PROTEIN; SEEDS; BIOSYNTHESIS; DEGRADATION; ENZYME; TUNG AB Plant oils represent renewable sources of long-chain hydrocarbons that can be used as both fuel and chemical feedstocks, and genetic engineering offers an opportunity to create further high-value specialty oils for specific industrial uses. While many genes have been identified for the production of industrially important fatty acids, expression of these genes in transgenic plants has routinely resulted in a low accumulation of the desired fatty acids, indicating that significantly more knowledge of seed oil production is required before any future rational engineering designs are attempted. Here, we provide an overview of the cellular features of fatty acid desaturases, the so-called diverged desaturases, and diacylglycerol acyltransferases, three sets of enzymes that play a central role in determining the types and amounts of fatty acids that are present in seed oil, and as such, the final application and value of the oil. Recent studies of the intracellular trafficking, assembly and regulation of these enzymes have provided new insights to the mechanisms of storage oil production, and suggest that the compartmentalization of enzyme activities within specific regions or subdomains of the ER may be essential for both the synthesis of novel fatty acid structures and the channeling of these important fatty acids into seed storage oils. C1 [Dyer, John M.] USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Mullen, Robert T.] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Dyer, JM (reprint author), USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM john.dyer@ars.usda.gov RI James, Gabriel/F-7739-2011 NR 43 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 132 IS 1 BP 11 EP 22 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.01021.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 239YU UT WOS:000251555000002 PM 18251866 ER PT J AU Whalen, MC Richter, T Zakhareyvich, K Yoshikawa, M Al-Azzeh, D Adefioye, A Spicer, G Mendoza, LL Morales, CQ Klassen, V Perez-Baron, G Toebe, CS Tzovolous, A Gerstman, E Evans, E Thompson, C Lopez, M Ronald, PC AF Whalen, Maureen C. Richter, Todd Zakhareyvich, Kseniya Yoshikawa, Masayasu Al-Azzeh, Dana Adefioye, Adeshola Spicer, Greg Mendoza, Laura L. Morales, Christine Q. Klassen, Vicki Perez-Baron, Gina Toebe, Carole S. Tzovolous, Ageliki Gerstman, Emily Evans, Erika Thompson, Cheryl Lopez, Mary Ronald, Pamela C. TI Identification of a host 14-3-3 protein that interacts with Xanthomonas effector AvrRxv SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avirulence protein; Yeast two-hybrid interaction screen; Effector; Hypersensitive response (HR); Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria; Yersinia enterocolitica; Solanum esculentum ID CAMPESTRIS PV. VESICATORIA; PLANT PATHOGEN XANTHOMONAS; BACTERIAL SPOT DISEASE; AVIRULENCE GENE AVRRXV; KAPPA-B ACTIVATION; EXOENZYME-S; YERSINIA EFFECTOR; III SECRETION; HYPERSENSITIVE REACTION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA AB AvrRxv is a member of a family of pathogen effectors present in pathogens of both plant and mammalian species. Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria strains carrying AvrRxv induce a hypersensitive response (HR) in the tomato cultivar Hawaii 7998. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a 14-3-3 protein from tomato that interacts with AvrRxv called AvrRxv interactor 1 (ARI1). The interaction was confirmed in vitro with affinity chromatography. Using mutagenesis, we identified a 14-3-3-binding domain in AvrRxv and demonstrated that a mutant in that domain showed concomitant loss of interaction with ARI1 and HR-inducing activity in tomato. These results demonstrate that the AvrRxv bacterial effector recruits 14-3-3 proteins for its function within host cells. AvrRxv homologues YopP and YopJ from Yersinia do not have AvrRxv-specific HR-inducing activity when delivered into tomato host cells by Agrobacterium. Although YopP itself cannot induce HR, its C-terminal domain containing the catalytic residues can replace that of AvrRxv in an AvrRxv-YopP chimera for HR-inducing activity. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the sequences encoding the C-termini of family members are evolving independently from those encoding the N-termini. Our results support a model in which there are three functional domains in proteins of the family: translocation, interaction, and catalytic. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Whalen, Maureen C.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Whalen, Maureen C.; Zakhareyvich, Kseniya; Yoshikawa, Masayasu; Al-Azzeh, Dana; Adefioye, Adeshola; Spicer, Greg; Mendoza, Laura L.; Morales, Christine Q.; Perez-Baron, Gina; Toebe, Carole S.; Tzovolous, Ageliki; Gerstman, Emily; Evans, Erika; Thompson, Cheryl; Lopez, Mary] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Richter, Todd; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Klassen, Vicki; Toebe, Carole S.] City Coll San Francisco, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94112 USA. RP Whalen, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM maureen.whalen@ars.usda.gov; pcronald@ucdavis.edu FU NSF Cooperative Agreement [BIR-8920216]; NIH [BIR-8920216, SO6GM52533, 5 R21 GM059022-01, 5 R25-GM64078, 5 R25-GM59298, 5 R25GM48972, 5T34-GM08574, RIMI P20 RR11805] FX We thank Edward Moe for expert assistance in seed production. This work was supported by an NSF Cooperative Agreement BIR-8920216 to CEPRAP. T.R., M.Y., C.Q.M., M.C.W. were supported by NIH MBRS SCORE SO6GM52533 (M.C.W.) and NIH AREA 5 R21 GM059022-01 (M.C.W.); T.R. and V.K. and research by NSF Cooperative Agreement BIR-8920216 (U.C.D. CEPRAP); A.A. by NIH NIGMS PREP 5 R25-GM64078 (S.F.S.U.); C.T. by NIH NIGMS MBRS-RISE MS/PhD 5 R25-GM59298 (S.F.S.U.); M.L. and E. E. by NIH NIGMS Bridges to the PhD 5 R25GM48972 (S.F.S.U.); G.P.-B., E.G., L.L.M. by NIH NIGMS MARC 5T34-GM08574 (S.F.S.U.); C.S.T. by NIH MORE CCSF/SFSU Bridges to the Baccalaureate (M.C.W.); the work by NIH RIMI P20 RR11805. NR 85 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 46 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2008.05.006 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 397NN UT WOS:000262669500007 PM 21796232 ER PT J AU Larson, RL Wintermantel, WM Hill, A Fortis, L Nunez, A AF Larson, Rebecca L. Wintermantel, William M. Hill, Amy Fortis, Laurie Nunez, Alberto TI Proteome changes in sugar beet in response to Beet necrotic yellow vein virus SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; Beet necrotic yellow vein virus; Multidimensional liquid chromatography; Plant defense ID BACTERIAL DISEASE RESISTANCE; RAPD MARKERS; STRESS; TOMATO; PROTEINS; DEFENSE; GENE; OVEREXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is a devastating sugar beet pathogen. Resistance is limited and resistance-breaking isolates are becoming problematic. Effective disease control strategies will come from a better understanding of disease and resistance. BNYVV-induced differential sugar beet protein expression was evaluated with multidimensional liquid chromatography. Of more than 1000 protein peaks detected in root extracts, 7.4 and 11% were affected by BNYVV in the resistant and susceptible genotypes, respectively. Using tandem MALDI-TOF-MS, 65 proteins were identified; differential expression of some was verified using RT-PCR. Proteomic data suggest involvement of systemic resistance components in Rz1-mediated resistance and phytohormones in symptom development. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Larson, Rebecca L.; Hill, Amy] ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wintermantel, William M.] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Fortis, Laurie; Nunez, Alberto] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Larson, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rebecca.larson@syngenta.com FU Western Sugar Joint Grower's Association; Beet Sugar Development Foundation FX We thank Arturo Cortez for helpful assistance with growth chamber inoculations, Katrina Gillette for her assistance in protein extractions, and Drs. Rodolfo Acosta-Leal and Doug Luster for their critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank the Western Sugar Joint Grower's Association and the Beet Sugar Development Foundation for financial support of the project. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1-3 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2008.04.003 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 397NN UT WOS:000262669500009 ER PT B AU Chen, CYO Blumberg, JB AF Chen, C-Y. Oliver Blumberg, Jeffrey B. BE Meskin, MS Bidlack, WR Randolph, RK TI Are there age-related changes in flavonoid bioavailability? SO PHYTOCHEMICALS: AGING AND HEALTH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Phytochemical Conference CY OCT 16-17, 2006 CL Buena Park, CA SP California State Polytech Univ, Nutrilite Hlth Inst ID CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; HUMAN UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; GREEN TEA POLYPHENOLS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; SMALL-INTESTINE; HUMAN LIVER; IN-VITRO; SULFOTRANSFERASE ACTIVITIES C1 [Chen, C-Y. Oliver; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chen, CYO (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Antioxidants Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 120 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6137-6 PY 2008 BP 19 EP 37 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BHV39 UT WOS:000256699000002 ER PT J AU Xu, CP Sullivan, JH Garrett, WM Caperna, TJ Natarajan, S AF Xu, Chenping Sullivan, Joe H. Garrett, Wesley M. Caperna, Thomas J. Natarajan, Savithiry TI Impact of solar Ultraviolet-B on the proteome in soybean lines differing in flavonoid contents SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 2-D PAGE; flavonoids; mass spectrometry; soybean; proteomics; UV-B ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SPRINGTIME OZONE DEPLETION; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; MAIZE ZEA-MAYS; UV-B; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA AB Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) was used to systematically investigate the impact of solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on the soybean leaf proteome. In order to investigate the protective role of flavonoids against UV-B, two isolines of the Clark cultivar (the standard line with moderate levels of flavonoids and the magenta line with reduced flavonoids) were grown in the field with or without natural levels of UV-B. The 12-day-old first trifoliates were harvested for proteomic analysis. More than 300 protein spots were reproducibly resolved and detected on each gel. Statistical analysis showed that 67 protein spots were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by solar UV-B. Many more spots were altered by UV-B in the magenta line than in the standard line. Another 12 protein spots were not altered by UV-B but showed significantly (P < 0.05) different accumulations between the two lines, and for most spots the line-specific differences were also observed under UV-B exclusion. Most of the differentially accumulated spots were identified by mass spectrometry. The proteins were quite diverse, and were involved in metabolism, energy, protein destination/storage, protein synthesis, disease/defense, transcription, and secondary metabolism. The results suggest that high levels of flavonoids lead to a reduction in UV-B sensitivity at the proteomic level. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Natarajan, Savithiry] USDA ARS, PSI, Sorbean ZGenom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xu, Chenping; Sullivan, Joe H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] USDA ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Caperna, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Natarajan, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, Sorbean ZGenom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM natarajs@ba.ars.usda.gov RI Xu, Chenping/C-7751-2009 NR 68 TC 51 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JAN PY 2008 VL 69 IS 1 BP 38 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.06.010 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 260VA UT WOS:000253037300004 PM 17645898 ER PT J AU Phartiyal, P Kim, WS Cahoon, RE Jez, JM Krishnan, HB AF Phartiyal, Pallavi Kim, Won-Seok Cahoon, Rebecca E. Jez, Joseph M. Krishnan, Hari B. TI The role of 5 '-adenylylsulfate reductase in the sulfur assimilation pathway of soybean: Molecular cloning, kinetic characterization, and gene expression SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; Leguminosae; legume; soybean; cloning; kinetic analysis; sulfur; 5'-adenylyl reductase; APS reductase; seed development; nutrient stress; cold stress ID ADENOSINE 5'-PHOSPHOSULFATE REDUCTASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SULFATE REDUCTION; ATP SULFURYLASE; APS REDUCTASE; HIGHER-PLANTS; METABOLISM; LEAVES; NITROGEN; ENZYMES AB Soybean seeds are a major source of protein, but contain low levels of sulfur-containing amino acids. With the objective of studying the sulfur assimilation pathway of soybean, a full-length cDNA clone for 5-adenylylsulfate reductase (APS reductase) was isolated and characterized. The cDNA clone contained an open reading frame of 1414 bp encoding a 52 kDa protein with a N-terminal chloroplast/plastid transit peptide. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicated that the APS reductase in soybean is encoded by a small multigene family. Biochemical characterization of the heterologously expressed and purified protein shows that the clone encoded a functional APS reductase. Although expressed in tissues throughout the plant, these analyses established an abundant expression of the gene and activity of the encoded protein in the early developmental stages of soybean seed, which declined with seed maturity. Sulfur and phosphorus deprivation increased this expression level, while nitrogen starvation repressed APS reductase mRNA transcript and protein levels. Cold-treatment increased expression and the total activity of APS reductase in root tissues. This study provides insight into the sulfur assimilation pathway of this nutritionally important legume. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Phartiyal, Pallavi; Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kim, Won-Seok; Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Cahoon, Rebecca E.; Jez, Joseph M.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Krishnan, HB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM KrishnanH@missouri.edu NR 53 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JAN PY 2008 VL 69 IS 2 BP 356 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.07.013 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 264EA UT WOS:000253267300006 PM 17761201 ER PT J AU Whitfield, AE Kumar, NKK Rotenberg, D Ullman, DE Wyman, EA Zietlow, C Willis, DK German, TL AF Whitfield, A. E. Kumar, N. K. K. Rotenberg, D. Ullman, D. E. Wyman, E. A. Zietlow, C. Willis, D. K. German, T. L. TI A soluble form of the Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) glycoprotein G(N)(G(N)-S) inhibits transmission of TSWV by Frankliniella occidentalis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bunyaviridae; plant virology; Thysanoptera; virus entry; virus-vector interactions; western flower thrips ID LA-CROSSE VIRUS; HANTAAN VIRUS; CALIFORNIA SEROGROUP; THRIPS TRANSMISSION; POLYGENIC CONTROL; LACROSSE VIRUS; TOSPOVIRUS; G1; PROTEIN; CELLS AB Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an economically important virus that is transmitted in a persistent propagative manner by its thrips vector, Frankliniella occidentalis. Previously, we found that a soluble form of the envelope glycoprotein G(N) (G(N)-S) specifically bound thrips midguts and reduced the amount of detectable virus inside midgut tissues. The aim of this research was to (i) determine if G(N)-S alters TSWV transmission by thrips and, if so, (ii) determine the duration of this effect. In one study, insects were given an acquisition access period (AAP) with G(N)-S mixed with purified virus and individual insects were assayed for transmission. We found that G(N)-S reduced the percent of transmitting adults by eightfold. In a second study, thrips were given an AAP on G(N)-S protein and then placed on TSWV-infected plant material. Individual insects were assayed for transmission over three time intervals of 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 7 days post-adult eclosion. We observed a significant reduction in virus transmission that persisted to the same degree throughout the time course. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of virus titer in individual insects revealed that the proportion of thrips infected with virus was reduced threefold when insects were preexposed to the G(N)-S protein as compared to no exposure to protein, and nontransmitters were not infected with virus. These results demonstrate that thrips transmission of a tospovirus can be reduced by exogenous viral glycoprotein. C1 [Kumar, N. K. K.; Ullman, D. E.; Zietlow, C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Willis, D. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, D. K.] USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Whitfield, A. E.; Rotenberg, D.; Wyman, E. A.; German, T. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Whitfield, AE (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM acwtospo@ksu.edu NR 34 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-1-0045 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 248BZ UT WOS:000252127600007 PM 18943237 ER PT J AU Yu, JB Bai, GH Zhou, WC Dong, YH Kolb, FL AF Yu, J. -B. Bai, G. -H. Zhou, W. -C. Dong, Y. -H. Kolb, F. L. TI Quantitative trait loci for Fusarium head blight resistance in a recombinant inbred population of Wangshuibai/Wheaton SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE simple-sequence repeats ID WHEAT CULTIVAR FRONTANA; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; BREAD WHEAT; SPRING WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; D-GENOME; SPIKES; BARLEY; SCAB AB Use of diverse sources of Fusarium head blight (FHB)-resistant germplasm in breeding may significantly improve wheat resistance to FHB. Wangshuibai is an FHB-resistant Chinese landrace unrelated to cv. Sumai 3, the most commonly used FHB-resistant source. In all, 139 F-6 recombinant inbred lines were developed from a cross between Wangshuibai and an FHB-susceptible cultivar, Wheaton, to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for wheat resistance to initial infection (type I resistance), spread of FHB symptoms within a spike (type II resistance), and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation (type III resistance) in infected grain. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse at Manhattan, KS from 2003 to 2005. More than 1,300 simple-sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were analyzed in this population. Five QTL for type I resistance were detected on chromosomes 3AS, 3BS, 4B, 5AS, and 5DL after spray inoculation; seven QTL for type II resistance were identified on chromosomes 1A, 3BS, 3DL, 5AS, 5DL, and 7AL after point inoculation; and seven QTL for type Ill resistance were detected on chromosomes 1A, 1BL, 3BS, 5AS, 5DL, and 7AL with the data from both inoculation methods. These QTL jointly explained up to 31.7, 64, and 52.8% of the phenotypic variation for the three types of FHB resistance, respectively. The narrow-sense heritabilities were low for type I resistance (0.37 to 0.41) but moderately high for type II resistance (0.45 to 0.61) and type III resistance (0.44 to 0.67). The QTL on the distal end of 3BS, 5AS, and 5DL contributed to all three types of resistance. Two QTL, on 7AL and 1A, as well as one QTL near the centromere of 3BS (3BSc), showed effects on both type II and type III resistance. Selection for type II resistance may simultaneously improve type I and type III resistance as well. The QTL for FHB resistance identified in Wangshuibai have potential to be used to pyramid FHB-resistance QTL from different sources. C1 [Bai, G. -H.] USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Yu, J. -B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhou, W. -C.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Dong, Y. -H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolb, F. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-1-0087 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 248BZ UT WOS:000252127600012 PM 18943242 ER PT J AU Adhikari, TB Ali, S Burlakoti, RR Singh, PK Mergoum, M Goodwin, SB AF Adhikari, T. B. Ali, S. Burlakoti, R. R. Singh, P. K. Mergoum, M. Goodwin, S. B. TI Genetic structure of Phaeosphaeria nodorum populations in the north-central and midwestern United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genetic diversity; population genetics; multilocus analysis; Septoria nodorum ID ANAMORPH STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; WINTER-WHEAT; MATING TYPES; MULTILOCUS STRUCTURE; SEPTORIA-TRITICI; VARIABILITY AB Stagonospora nodorum blotch, caused by Phaeosphaeria nodorum, is considered one of the most destructive foliar diseases of wheat in the United States. However, relatively little is known about the population biology of this fungus in the major wheat-growing regions of the central United States. To rectify this situation, 308 single-spore isolates of P. nodorum were analyzed from 12 populations, five from hard red spring wheat cultivars in Minnesota and North Dakota and seven from soft red winter wheat in Indiana and Ohio. The genetic structure of the sampled populations was determined by analyzing polymorphisms at five microsatellite or simple-sequence repeat (SSR) loci and the mating type locus. Although a few clones were identified, most P. nodorum populations had high levels of gene (H(S) = 0.175 to 0.519) and genotype (D = 0.600 to 0.972) diversity. Gene diversity was higher among isolates collected from spring wheat cultivars in North Dakota and Minnesota (mean H(S) = 0.503) than in those from winter wheat cultivars in Indiana and Ohio (H(S) = 0.269). Analyses of clone-corrected data sets showed equal frequencies of both mating types in both regional and local populations, indicating that sexual recombination may occur regularly. However, significant gametic disequilibrium occurred in three of the four populations from North Dakota, and there was genetic differentiation both within and among locations. Genetic differentiation between the hard red spring and soft red winter wheat production regions was moderate (F(ST) = 0.168), but whether this is due to differences in wheat production or to geographical variation cannot be determined. These results suggest that sexual reproduction occurs in P. nodorum populations in the major wheat-growing regions of the central United States, and that geographically separated populations can be genetically differentiated, reflecting either restrictions on gene flow or selection. C1 [Adhikari, T. B.; Ali, S.; Burlakoti, R. R.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Singh, P. K.; Mergoum, M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Goodwin, S. B.] Purdue Univ, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Adhikari, TB (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 306 Walster Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM tika.adhikari@ndsu.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014; OI Goodwin, Stephen/0000-0001-5708-9729 NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 101 EP 107 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-1-0101 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 248BZ UT WOS:000252127600014 PM 18943244 ER PT J AU Barnes, CW Szabo, LJ AF Barnes, C. W. Szabo, L. J. TI A rapid method for detecting and quantifying bacterial DNA in rust fungal DNA samples SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spore mats; SYBR Green I ID REAL-TIME PCR; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; QUANTIFICATION; SEQUENCES; COMMUNITY; POPULATIONS; SET AB Bacterial DNA contamination of rust fungal DNA can be a significant problem for sequencing the rust fungus. Sequence assembly is much more difficult if the sequence contigs are mixed with bacterial sequence. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed to quantify bacterial DNA within rust fungal DNA samples and the results were compared with those obtained from traditional CFU counts. Real-time PCR showed higher values of DNA contamination than CFU. However, the ranking of samples from low to high for bacterial contamination was consistent between the methods. Reasons for the differences between the methods are discussed. The qPCR assay was tested by adding known quantities of Escherichia coli DNA to Puccinia graminis DNA samples. The assay reliably quantified bacterial contamination at >= 1.0% of the total sample DNA. When bacterial contamination was <1.0%, fungal DNA also occasionally was amplified, nullifying the quantification measurement. However, primer specificity was not simply the product of the ratio of bacterial DNA to fungal DNA. Bacterial contamination could be quantified below 1.0% if the bacterial DNA concentration was approximate to 70 pg/mu l or greater. Therefore, spiking the fungal samples with a known concentration of E. coli bacterial DNA successfully eliminated the amplification of fungal DNA, making quantification of contaminating bacterial DNA possible for samples with low contamination levels. C1 [Barnes, C. W.; Szabo, L. J.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Barnes, CW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM barn0107@umn.edu NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-1-0115 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 248BZ UT WOS:000252127600016 PM 18943246 ER PT J AU Yan, GP Chen, XM AF Yan, Guiping Chen, Xianming TI Identification of a quantitative trait locus for high-temperature adult-plant resistance against Puccinia striiformis f. sp hordei in 'Bancroft' barley SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hordeum vulgare ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST; ANALOG POLYMORPHISM MARKERS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; RECESSIVE GENE; LINKAGE MAP; YELLOW RUST; REGISTRATION; CULTIVARS; VULGARE AB Sustainable control of plant diseases can be achieved by developing cultivars with durable resistance. 'Bancroft' barley has durable high-temperature, adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei. The objectives of this study were to determine the inheritance of the HTAP resistance in Bancroft, develop molecular markers for the HTAP resistance using the resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) technique, map the HTAP resistance quantitative trait locus or loci (QTL) on barley chromosomes, and determine the usefulness of the RGAP markers in other barley cultivars for marker-assisted selection. The parents and F-4 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) and the parents and F-5 RIL were evaluated in 2004 and 2005 in one and three field sites, respectively, in Washington State. Infection type (IT) and disease severity (DS) were recorded three times at each location during each growing season. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated for each parent and RIL based on the DS data. Genetic analyses of IT data of the parents, F-1, and F-2 tested in the adult-plant stage under controlled high-temperature cycle in the Greenhouse and the parents, F-4, and F-5 RIL in the field indicated that one dominant Gene controlled the HTAP resistance in Bancroft. Using 119 F-5:6 RIL and IT data, a linkage map on chromosome arm 3HL was constructed with eight RGAP markers and three simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Using the QTL analysis, a QTL for HTAP resistance was mapped with the DS and AUDPC data on the same chromosome location as with the IT data. The QTL explained >70% of the total phenotypic variation for the DS and AUDPC. The heritability of the HTAP resistance based on the AUDPC data was 76%. The two markers most close to the QTL peak detected polymorphisms in 84 and 88% of 25 barley genotypes that do not have the Bancroft HTAP resistance when used individually, and detected polymorphism in 100% of the genotypes when used in combination, indicating that the markers could be used in incorporating the HTAP resistance into these barley genotypes to improve the level and durability of resistance to stripe rust. C1 [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yan, Guiping] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 120 EP 127 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-98-1-0120 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 248BZ UT WOS:000252127600017 PM 18943247 ER PT J AU Nemchinov, LG Shabala, L Shabala, S AF Nemchinov, Lev G. Shabala, Lana Shabala, Sergey TI Calcium efflux as a component of the hypersensitive response of Nicotiana benthamiana to Pseudomonas syringae SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcium efflux; hypersensitive response; Pseudomonas syringae ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; BEAN LEAF MESOPHYLL; ION FLUXES; OXIDATIVE BURST; TOBACCO; SIGNALS; PLANTS; ROOTS; H+ AB Using a model plant Nicotiana benthamiana, we have demonstrated that initial calcium uptake in response to the HR (hypersensitive response)-causing pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae 61 is followed by net calcium efflux initiated at about 12 h after the bacterial challenge and sustained for at least 48 h. Our data suggest that calcium not only acts as an important second messenger in the activation of resistance responses but may also be a downstream mediator of later cell death acceleration and completion of the defense reaction. Accordingly, we propose that the existing model of HR should be amended to include a PM Ca(2+) ATP pump as an important component of the HR to pathogens in plants. C1 [Nemchinov, Lev G.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Shabala, Lana; Shabala, Sergey] Univ Tasmania, Sch Agr Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. RP Nemchinov, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Lev.Nemchinov@ars.usda.gov; Sergey.Shabala@utas.edu.au RI Shabala, Sergey/C-6794-2013 NR 25 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcm163 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 253VM UT WOS:000252545700005 PM 18048411 ER PT J AU Dijkstra, FA Cheng, WX AF Dijkstra, Feike A. Cheng, Weixin TI Increased soil moisture content increases plant N uptake and the abundance of N-15 in plant biomass SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE elevated CO2; microbial biomass; N-15 natural abundance; nitrogen cycling; plant N uptake; soil moisture ID NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; ELEVATED CO2; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; PONDEROSA PINE; FOREST SOILS; DELTA-N-15; RESPONSES; PATTERNS; DENITRIFICATION; DECOMPOSITION AB The natural abundance of N-15 in plant biomass has been used to infer how N dynamics change with elevated atmospheric CO2 and changing water availability. However, it remains unclear if atmospheric CO2 effects on plant biomass N-15 are driven by CO2-induced changes in soil moisture. We tested whether N-15 abundance (expressed as delta N-15) in plant biomass would increase with increasing soil moisture content at two atmospheric CO2 levels. In a greenhouse experiment we grew sunflower (Helianthus annuus) at ambient and elevated CO2 (760 ppm) with three soil moisture levels maintained at 45, 65, and 85% of field capacity, thereby eliminating potential CO2-induced soil moisture effects. The delta N-15 value of total plant biomass increased significantly with increased soil moisture content at both CO2 levels, possibly due to increased uptake of N-15-rich organic N. Although not adequately replicated, plant biomass delta N-15 was lower under elevated than under ambient CO2 after adjusting for plant N uptake effects. Thus, increases in soil moisture can increase plant biomass delta N-15, while elevated CO2 can decrease plant biomass delta N-15 other than by modifying soil moisture. C1 [Dijkstra, Feike A.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Dijkstra, Feike A.; Cheng, Weixin] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Dijkstra, FA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM feike.dijkstra@ars.usda.gov RI Dijkstra, Feike/H-2182-2012; Cheng, Weixin/F-4968-2011; OI Cheng, Weixin/0000-0003-2964-2376; Dijkstra, Feike/0000-0002-6191-6018 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2008 VL 302 IS 1-2 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1007/s11104-007-9477-0 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 245XG UT WOS:000251971500021 ER PT J AU Shewmaker, GE Johnson, DA Mayland, HF AF Shewmaker, Glenn E. Johnson, Douglas A. Mayland, Henry F. TI Mg and K effects on cation uptake and dry matter accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Ca; Festuca arundinacea; HiMag; Mg; P; roots ID WINTER-WHEAT FORAGE; ROOT TEMPERATURE; NUTRIENT SOLUTION; MAGNESIUM UPTAKE; NITROGEN FORM; CALCIUM; GROWTH; PH; SEEDLINGS; CULTURE AB HiMag tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire = Festuca arundinacea Schreb) was selected for high Mg concentration in the herbage to reduce grass tetany risk to ruminants; however, the mechanism of increased Mg uptake into shoots is unknown. The objective was to determine cation concentrations of roots, crowns, and leaves in plants of cv. HiMag and its parents, cv. Kentucky 31 and cv. Missouri 96, grown in nutrient solution for 42 days, and determine if cation ratios in roots, crowns, and leaves are different, indicating a difference due to translocation. Treatments were "basal" (1.5 mM K and 0.5 mM Mg), "K" (3.2 mM K), "Mg" (1 mM Mg), and "K+Mg" (3.2 mM K and 1 mM Mg). For HiMag, Mg was lower in roots (Trial 2 only), not different in crowns, and greater in leaves than Kentucky 31 and Missouri 96. Doubling the K and Mg of the nutrient solution from basal levels resulted in a 44% reduction of root Mg in Kentucky 31 and Missouri 96, compared to a 17% reduction in root Mg for HiMag. The K inflow rate in HiMag for the basal treatment was lower than that in Kentucky 31 and Missouri 96. These results provide evidence for a process that limits K uptake and an active Mg translocation mechanism in tall fescue. HiMag was apparently selected for traits that promote translocation of Mg from roots to shoots. C1 [Shewmaker, Glenn E.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls Res & Extens Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. [Johnson, Douglas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mayland, Henry F.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Shewmaker, GE (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Twin Falls Res & Extens Ctr, POB 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. EM gshew@uidaho.edu NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2008 VL 302 IS 1-2 BP 283 EP 295 DI 10.1007/s11104-007-9482-3 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 245XG UT WOS:000251971500023 ER PT J AU Thomson, JG Thilmony, R AF Thomson, James G. Thilmony, Roger TI A simple and inexpensive method for sending binary vector plasmid DNA by mail SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Binary vector; PCR; plasmid; transformation AB We describe a simple cost-effective technique for the transport of binary vector plasmid DNA by mail. Our results demonstrate that common multipurpose printing paper is a satisfactory substrate and superior to the more absorbent 3 MM chromatography paper for the transport of plasmid DNA through the mail. We show that depositing as little as 100 ng of purified plasmid onto multipurpose printing paper is sufficient to allow recovery of the mailed DNA. Also observed was an inverse correlation between vector size and recovery of intact plasmid DNA, thus larger binary vectors require the deposition of more plasmid to ensure successful recovery. C1 [Thomson, James G.; Thilmony, Roger] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Thomson, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM thilmony@pw.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-21000-002-00D] FX J. T. and R. T. contributed equally to this work. We thank William Belknap for the contribution of the p409S-GUS binary vector plasmid. We thank Ann Blechl and Kent McCue for constructive comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5325-21000-002-00D. References to a company and/or product by the USDA are only for purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPANESE SOC PLANT CELL & MOLECULAR BIOL PI NARA PA NARA INST SCI & TECH, GRAD SCH BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, NARA, 630-0101, JAPAN SN 1342-4580 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL JI Plant Biotechnol. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 4 BP 403 EP 406 DI 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.25.403 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 397CP UT WOS:000262640000015 ER PT S AU Vega, FE Ebert, AW Ming, R AF Vega, Fernando E. Ebert, Andreas W. Ming, Ray BE Janick, J TI Coffee Germplasm Resources, Genomics, and Breeding SO PLANT BREEDING REVIEWS, VOL 30 SE Plant Breeding Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; ARABICA L. GENOME; MELOIDOGYNE-EXIGUA; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; RESISTANCE GENE; BERRY DISEASE; CANEPHORA P.; BAC LIBRARY C1 [Vega, Fernando E.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ebert, Andreas W.] Trop Agr Res & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Plant Genet Resources & Biotechnol Unit, Dept Agr & Agroforestry, Turrialba 7170, Costa Rica. [Ming, Ray] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Vega, FE (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, USDA, BARC W, Bldg 011A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM vegaf@ba.ars.usda.gov; awebert@catie.ac.cr; rming@life.uiuc.edu NR 107 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0730-2207 BN 978-0-470-38013-0; 978-0-470-17152-3 J9 PL BRED RE JI Plant Breed. Rev. PY 2008 VL 30 BP 415 EP 447 PG 33 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BFU91 UT WOS:000321493000009 ER PT J AU Febres, VJ Lee, RF Moore, GA AF Febres, Vicente J. Lee, Richard F. Moore, Gloria A. TI Transgenic resistance to Citrus tristeza virus in grapefruit SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Citrus tristeza virus; DNA methylation; plant resistance; RNA interference; RNA silencing; transformation ID COAT PROTEIN GENE; DE-NOVO METHYLATION; PATHOGEN-DERIVED RESISTANCE; DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; SILENCING SUPPRESSOR; INTERFERING RNAS; MEXICAN LIME AB Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) transgenic plants transformed with a variety of constructs derived from the Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) genome were tested for their resistance to the virus. Most transgenic lines were susceptible (27 lines), a few were partially resistant (6 lines) and only one line, transformed with the 3' end of CTV was resistant. Transgene expression levels and siRNA accumulation were determined to identify whether the resistance observed was RNA-mediated. The responses were varied. At least one resistant plant from a partially resistant line showed no steady-state transgene mRNA, siRNA accumulation and no viral RNA, implicating posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) as the mechanism of resistance. The most resistant line showed no transgene mRNA accumulation and promoter methylation of cytosines in all contexts, the hallmark of RNA-directed DNA methylation and transcriptional gene silencing (TGS). The variety of responses, even among clonally propagated plants, is unexplained but is not unique to citrus. The genetics of CTV, host response or other factors may be responsible for this variability. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Febres, VJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, POB 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vjfebres@ifas.ufl.edu; rivrl@ars-grin.gov; gamoore@ufl.edu NR 54 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 93 EP 104 DI 10.1007/s00299-007-0445-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 239MD UT WOS:000251521500011 PM 17882423 ER PT J AU Zasada, IA Avendano, F Li, YC Logan, T Melakeberhan, H Koenning, SR Tylka, GL AF Zasada, Inga A. Avendano, Felicitas Li, Yuncong C. Logan, Terry Melakeberhan, Haddish Koenning, Stephen R. Tylka, Greg L. TI Potential of an alkaline-stabilized biosolid to manage nematodes: Case studies on soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID N-VIRO SOIL; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; NORTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; POPULATIONS; AMENDMENTS C1 [Zasada, Inga A.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Avendano, Felicitas] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Li, Yuncong C.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Logan, Terry] Logan Environm Inc, Beaufort, SC USA. [Melakeberhan, Haddish] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Koenning, Stephen R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Inga.Zasada@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 4 EP 13 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0004 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500001 ER PT J AU Francis, M Civerolo, EL Bruening, G AF Francis, M. Civerolo, E. L. Bruening, G. TI Improved Bioassay of Xylella fastidiosa using Nicotiana tabacum cultivar SR1 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE diagnosis; quantitative PCR ID PIERCES-DISEASE; EXPERIMENTAL HOST; AXENIC CULTURE; CITRUS; PLANT; COLONIZATION; GRAPEVINE; BACTERIA; STRAINS; QUANTIFICATION AB Readily transformable Nicotiana tabacum cv. SR1 (Petite Havana) was evaluated as a host for the bioassay of Xylella fastidiosa strains. Plant growing conditions and inoculation methods were optimized to enhance symptom expression 4 to 6 weeks post inoculation. Tobacco plants were inoculated with X. fastidiosa strains associated with almond leaf scorch disease (ALSD) and Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine in California. All PD strains and the ALSD strain Dixon caused characteristic leaf scorch symptoms, whereas two other ALSD-associated strains (M12 and M23) caused severe leaf chlorosis followed by necrosis, leaf death, and drooping of older leaves. Symptoms began to develop 10 to 14 days post inoculation and proceeded to resemble those of X. fastidiosa-infected grape and almond. The presence of X. fastidiosa in affected plants was confirmed by reisolation of the pathogen, enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), and observation of X. fastidiosa cells by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, as well as by confocal laser scanning microscopy, in the xylem cells of inoculated plants. The pathogenicity of selected reisolated strains was confirmed by inoculation of grape plants in the greenhouse. The average levels of X. fastidiosa cells/g of tissue, estimated by QPCR, were higher for PD strains than for ALSD strains and reflected the relative titers of these strains in economic hosts. No symptoms were observed and bacteria were not detected in untreated tobacco or in tobacco inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris or water. Symptoms induced by Xylella fastidiosa in this bioassay were fully expressed within 2 months following inoculation. The described bioassay, Linder optimized environmental conditions, provides a useful system for studying X. fastidiosa strains (e.g., confirmation of pathogenicity and differentiation of PD and ALSD pathotypes) and for investigating X. fastidiosa - host interactions. N. tabacum cv. SR1 tobacco was a better bioassay host for X. fastidioso than N. tabacum cvs. Havana, RP1, and TNN described previously. C1 [Civerolo, E. L.] San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Francis, M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Civerolo, EL (reprint author), San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM eciverolo@fresno.ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0014 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500002 ER PT J AU Bonde, MR Nester, SE Berner, DK Frederick, RD Moore, WF Little, S AF Bonde, M. R. Nester, S. E. Berner, D. K. Frederick, R. D. Moore, W. F. Little, S. TI Comparative susceptibilities of legume species to infection by Phakopsora pachyrhizi SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SOYBEAN RUST; PUERARIA-LOBATA; UNITED-STATES; 1ST REPORT; KUDZU AB Knowledge of the host range of Phakopsora pachyrhizi is important to agriculture in the United States because of the distinct possibility that economic losses could occur to crops other than soybean. Furthermore, it is possible that alternative hosts could provide a means of overwintering of the pathogen, providing inoculum to initiate epidemics in future years. To clarify the potential importance of soybean rust on nonsoybean legumes and their role in overwintering of the disease, multiple accessions of clover, cowpea, pea, kudzu, lima bean, snap bean, and single accessions of coffee senna, Florida beggarweed, hemp sesbania, hyacinth bean, partridge pea, and showy crotalaria were inoculated under greenhouse conditions with urediniospores of P. pachyrhizi; infected soybean plants served as a control. The four criteria used to assess susceptibility were lesion density, proportion of lesions with sporulating uredinia, average number of uredinia per lesion, and average uredinia diameter, each determined 2 weeks following inoculation. Based on lesion densities, percentage of lesions with sporulation, and average numbers of uredinia per lesion, soybean, kudzu, and pea were the most susceptible species, followed by snap bean. However, because infected pea plants defoliated rapidly, urediniospore production presumably was limited, lessening the potential for epidemics on pea. Cultivars of snap bean produced numerous brown to reddish-brown lesions, many of which sporulated, but numbers of uredinia per lesion were lower than on soybean, kudzu, or pea. The presence of both tan (susceptible) and reddish-brown (resistant) lesions on kudzu demonstrated physiological differentiation on that host. Some kudzu plants appeared to be potentially excellent hosts for overwintering of the disease. The average number of uredinia per lesion appeared to be a valid measurement with which to compare host susceptibilities, and may have epidemiological significance. High susceptibility of a host was characterized by numerous uredinia with a wide range of sizes within individual lesions. In contrast, low susceptibility to rust was characterized by no or a few small uredinia. C1 [Bonde, M. R.; Nester, S. E.; Berner, D. K.; Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Moore, W. F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Little, S.] Pictsweet Co, Bells, TN 38006 USA. RP Bonde, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM morris.bonde@ars.usda.gov RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0030 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500005 ER PT J AU Beuve, M Stevens, M Liu, HY Wintermantel, WM Hauser, S Lemaire, O AF Beuve, Monique Stevens, Mark Liu, Hsing-Yeh Wintermantel, William M. Hauser, Sebastien Lemaire, Olivier TI Biological and molecular characterization of an American sugar beet-infecting Beet western yellows virus isolate SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; cross-protection; epidemiology; Luteoviridae; Myzus persicae; RT-PCR ID HOST-RANGE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; RADISH YELLOWS; PLANT-VIRUSES; LEAF-VIRUS; LUTEOVIRUS; STRAINS; SUPPRESSOR; DIVERSITY AB Three aphid-transmitted viruses belonging to the Polerovirus genus, Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV), Beet chlorosis virus (BChV), and Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), have been described as pathogens of sugar beet. We present the complete biological, serological, and molecular characterization of an American isolate of Beet western yellows virus (BWYV-USA), collected from yellow beet leaves. The biological data suggested that BWYV-USA displayed a host range similar to that of BMYV, but distinct from those of BChV and the lettuce and rape isolates of Turnip yellows virus. The complete genomic RNA sequence of BWYV-USA showed a genetic organization and expression typical of other Polerovirus members. Comparisons of deduced amino acid sequences showed that PO and the putative replicase complex (P1-P2) of BWYV-USA are more closely related to Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) than to BMYV, whereas alignments of P3, P4, and P5 showed the highest homology with BMYV. Intraspecific and interspecific phylogenetic analyses have suggested that the BWYV-USA genome may be the result of recombination events between a CABYV-Iike ancestor contributing open reading frame (ORF) 0, ORF 1, and ORF 2, and a beet Polerovirus progenitor providing the 3' ORFs, with a similar mechanism of speciation occurring for BMYV in Europe. Results demonstrate that BWYV-USA is a distinct species in the Polerovirus genus, clarifying the nomenclature of this important group of viruses. C1 [Beuve, Monique; Lemaire, Olivier] INRA, UMR SVQV, Lab Virol & Vect, F-68021 Colmar, France. [Beuve, Monique] Univ Strasbourg 1, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Stevens, Mark] Brooms Barn Res Ctr, Bury St Edmunds IP28 6NP, Suffolk, England. [Liu, Hsing-Yeh; Wintermantel, William M.] USDA, Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Lemaire, O (reprint author), INRA, UMR SVQV, Lab Virol & Vect, F-68021 Colmar, France. EM lemaire@colmar.inra.fr NR 46 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0051 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500009 ER PT J AU DeVries, RE Trigiano, RN Windham, MT Windham, AS Sorochan, JC Rinehart, TA Vargas, JM AF DeVries, R. E. Trigiano, R. N. Windham, M. T. Windham, A. S. Sorochan, J. C. Rinehart, T. A. Vargas, J. M. TI Genetic analysis of fungicide-resistant Sclerotinia homoeocarpa isolates from Tennessee and northern Mississippi SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE turtgrass disease ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY; CREEPING BENTGRASS; DOLLAR SPOT; AMERICA; PRIMER AB Sclerotinia homoeocarpa is the causal agent of dollar spot disease that reduces the uniformity and aesthetic value of golf putting greens. Fungicide-resistant isolates of S. homoeocarpa were collected from putting greens at 10 locations across Tennessee and northern Mississippi. Genetic diversity among the 60 isolates was investigated using vegetative compatibility, conserved gene sequences, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Six tester strains were paired with Tennessee and northern Mississippi isolates on potato dextrose agar. Some of the 60 isolates were delineated into vegetative compatibility groups, but fungicide resistance could not be associated with a particular vegetative compatibility group. Genetic similarities of isolates at the vegetative compatibility level could be attributed to founder effects. Sequencing the regions of CAD, EF1-alpha, beta-tubulin, and internal transcribed spacers revealed 100% homology among isolates. Capillary gel electrophoresis and analysis of AFLP fragments indicated 86 to 100% similarity between the isolates. Vegetative compatibility and molecular data indicate that the populations of the pathogen are clonal. Isolates did not cluster according to fungicide resistance during unweighted pair group with arithmetic means analysis, but did appear to cluster according to vegetative compatibility group and location. Although associations could not be made between molecular markers and fungicide resistance, links between vegetative compatibility and AFLP markers may provide a foundation from which other studies could be performed. C1 [DeVries, R. E.; Trigiano, R. N.; Windham, M. T.; Windham, A. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sorochan, J. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rinehart, T. A.] So Hort Lab, USDA ARS, MSA, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Vargas, J. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Trigiano, RN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rtrigian@utk.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0083 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500013 ER PT J AU Singh, S Bockus, WW Sharma, I Bowden, RL AF Singh, Sukhwinder Bockus, William W. Sharma, Indu Bowden, Robert L. TI A novel source of resistance in wheat to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis race 1 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Drechslera tritici-repentis ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; TAN SPOT; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; WINTER-WHEAT; COMMON WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; PTR TOXB; IDENTIFICATION; NECROSIS AB Tan spot, caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, causes serious yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and many other grasses. Race I of the fungus, which produces the necrosis toxin Ptr ToxA and the chlorosis toxin Ptr ToxC, is the most prevalent race in the Great Plains of the United States. Wheat genotypes with useful levels of resistance to race I have been deployed, but this resistance reduces damage by only 50 to 75%. Therefore, new sources of resistance to P. tritici-repentis are needed. Recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross between the Indian spring wheat cvs. WH542 (resistant) and HD29 (moderately susceptible) were evaluated for reaction to race I of the fungus. Composite interval mapping revealed quantitative trait loci (QTL) on the short arm of chromosome 3A explaining 23% of the phenotypic variation, and the long arm of chromosome 5B explaining 27% of the variation. Both resistance alleles were contributed by the WH542 parent. The QTL on 5BL is probably tsnl, which was described previously. The 3AS QTL (QTs.ksu-3AS) on 3AS is a novel QTL for resistance to P. tritici-repentis race 1. The QTL region is located in the most distal bin of chromosome 3AS in a 2.2-centimorgan marker interval. Flanking markers Xbarc45 and Xbarc86 are suitable for marker-assisted selection for tan spot resistance. C1 [Singh, Sukhwinder; Bockus, William W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sharma, Indu] Punjab Agr Univ, Dept Plant Breeding Genet & Biotechnol, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. [Bowden, Robert L.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bockus, WW (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM bockus@ksu.edu RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013 OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574 NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 91 EP 95 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0091 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500014 ER PT J AU Miles, MR Morel, W Ray, JD Smith, JR Frederick, RD Hartman, GL AF Miles, M. R. Morel, W. Ray, J. D. Smith, J. R. Frederick, R. D. Hartman, G. L. TI Adult plant evaluation of soybean accessions for resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi in the field and greenhouse in Paraguay SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RUST; INHERITANCE; VIRULENCE AB Five hundred thirty soybean accessions from maturity groups (MG) III through IX were evaluated for resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi in a replicated field trial at Centro Regional de Investigacion Agricola in Capitan Miranda, Itapua, Paraguay during the 2005 - 06 season. Soybean rust severities of individual accessions ranged from 0% (resistant) to 30.0% (susceptible). In MG III and IV, the most resistant accessions were PI 506863, PI 567341, and PI 56735 1 B, with severities less than 1.2%. In MG V, the most resistant accessions were PI 181456, PI 398288, PI 404134B, and PI 507305, with severities less than 0.3%. In MG VI, the most resistant accessions were PI 587886, PI 587880A, and PI 587880B, with severities less than 0.3%. In MG VII and VIII, the most resistant were PI 587905 and PI 605779E, with severities less than 1.0%. In MG IX, the most resistant accessions were PI 594754, PI 605833, PI 576102B, and PI 567104B, with severities less than 1.0%. The resistance in 10 selected accessions from MG VI, VII, VIII, and XI was confirmed in subsequent greenhouse and field experiments where severities of 0.4% or less and reddish-brown lesions with sporulation levels less than 3.0 were observed. These accessions, with low severities in the adult plant field evaluation, may be new sources of resistance to P. pachyrhizi. C1 [Miles, M. R.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Morel, W.] Ctr Reg Invest Agricola, Capitan Miranda, Itapua, Paraguay. [Smith, J. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Product Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Miles, MR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mrmiles@express.cites.uiuc.edu RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 96 EP 105 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0096 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500015 ER PT J AU Abril, M Curry, KJ Smith, BJ Wedge, DE AF Abril, Maritza Curry, Kenneth J. Smith, Barbara J. Wedge, David E. TI Improved microassays used to test natural product-based and conventional fungicides on plant pathogenic fungi SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE fungal sensitivity ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; ANTIFUNGAL; GERMINATION; MANAGEMENT; COMPOUND; DISEASES AB Seven important plant pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, C. gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis obscurans, and P viticola) valuable in screening fungicides were tested. Our procedure included washing conidia to reduce germination times, incorporating Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 as a medium of known composition, and using coverslips in the 24-well cell culture clusters to document the effect of fungicides on fungal morphology. The natural product-based fungicide, sampangine, a sampangine analog, 4-bromosampangine, plus seven conventional fungicides (benomyl, captan, cyprodinil, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, iprodione, and kresoxim-methyl) were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit germination and growth of the seven fungal species. Sampangine inhibited germination in all fungi except C acutatum. Comparison of results of germination and morphology microbioassays with results of microtiter assays suggests that some fungicides stop fungal germination, whereas others only slow down fungal growth. We hypothesize that sampangine, except against C acutatum, has the same physical mode of action, germination inhibition, as the conventional fungicides captan, iprodione, and kresoxim-methyl. 4-Bromosampangine caused morphological anomalies including excessive branching of germ tubes of C. fragariae and splaying and branching of germ tubes of B. cinerea. C1 [Abril, Maritza; Curry, Kenneth J.] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Smith, Barbara J.] USDA, Thad Cochran So Hort Lab, Agr Res Serv, Small Fruit Res Unit, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Wedge, David E.] USDA, Thad Cochran Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Agr Res Serv, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Curry, KJ (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM kenneth.curry@usm.edu RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 31 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 106 EP 112 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0106 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500016 ER PT J AU Pusey, PL Smith, TJ AF Pusey, P. L. Smith, T. J. TI Relation of apple flower age to infection of hypanthium by Erwinia amylovora SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE fire blight; Malus pumila; risk assessment ID FLUORESCENS STRAIN A506; FIRE-BLIGHT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PEAR BLOSSOMS; EPIPHYTIC COLONIZATION; ANTAGONISTS; GROWTH; MODEL; OXYTETRACYCLINE; STREPTOMYCIN AB Blossom age as related to hypanthial susceptibility to Erwinia amylovora is not well established, but is relevant to disease risk assessment. To test this, detached crab apple blossoms were maintained for various periods and at different temperatures before applying inoculum to hypanthia. Inoculum potential on hypanthia due to wetting was evaluated by subjecting detached stigmainoculated blossoms (similar to 10(6) CFU per flower) to varying amounts and durations of simulated rain (or dew) at 14 degrees C. Blossoms of varying age on mature 'Gala' apple trees were inoculated on hypanthia with 102, 104, or 106 CFU per flower. In the laboratory, susceptibility decreased with flower age at rates that increased with temperature. Wetness periods up to 12 h resulted in populations on hypanthia of < 10(3) CFU per flower; 24 h of wetness resulted in similar to 10(4) or similar to 10(5) CFU. A dose response was shown in the orchard, and regression curves indicated steepest decline of susceptibility during initial days after petal expansion. Disease models incorporating a blossomage component may be effective because they indicate the potential for infection when temperatures favor rapid bacterial growth on stigmas within a window of high hypanthial susceptibility. Further investigation of these relationships could lead to advancements in determining fire blight risk. C1 [Pusey, P. L.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Smith, T. J.] Washington State Univ, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Pusey, PL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM pusey@tfrl.ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 137 EP 142 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0137 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500021 ER PT J AU Oliver, RE Cai, X Wang, RC Xu, SS Friesen, TL AF Oliver, R. E. Cai, X. Wang, R. -C. Xu, S. S. Friesen, T. L. TI Resistance to tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch in wheat-alien species derivatives SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PTR TOXA; CONFERRING RESISTANCE; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; SEPTORIA-NODORUM; HOST SENSITIVITY; HEXAPLOID WHEATS; RUST RESISTANCE; GENE-TRANSFER AB Tan spot (caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) (caused by Stagonospora nodorum) are destructive fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum) throughout the world. Host plant resistance is thought to be an efficient and economical method of control. The objective of the present study was to identify novel sources of tan spot and SNB resistance in wheat genotypes derived from the crosses between wheat and alien species. Evaluations were conducted at the seedling stage in a growth chamber with 100% relative humidity. For each genotype, three replications were used for each disease. Among the 199 wheat-alien species derivatives evaluated, 65 exhibited resistance to tan spot and 30 showed resistance to SNB similar to BR34, a Brazilian wheat line used as the resistant control. Eleven derivatives were resistant to both diseases. Reactions of the derivatives and their respective wheat parents to tan spot and SNB suggest that resistance genes in the derivatives are derived from alien species. These derivatives can serve as desirable bridges for introgression of resistance genes from alien species to cultivated wheat, and could contribute novel and effective tan spot and SNB resistance to wheat breeding. C1 [Xu, S. S.; Friesen, T. L.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Oliver, R. E.; Cai, X.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Wang, R. -C.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Friesen, TL (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM timothy.friesent@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 150 EP 157 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0150 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500023 ER PT J AU Bobev, SG Castlebury, LA Rossman, AY AF Bobev, S. G. Castlebury, L. A. Rossman, A. Y. TI First report of Colletotrichum dracaenophilum on Dracaena sanderiana in Bulgaria SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Bobev, S. G.] Univ Agr, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. [Castlebury, L. A.; Rossman, A. Y.] USDA ARS, Syst Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bobev, SG (reprint author), Univ Agr, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 173 EP 173 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0173A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500032 ER PT J AU Mejri, D Souissi, T Berner, D AF Mejri, D. Souissi, T. Berner, D. TI First report of rust caused by Puccinia carduorum on Italian thistle in Tunisia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID TENUIFLORUS C1 [Mejri, D.; Souissi, T.] Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Tunis Mahrajene 1082, Tunisia. [Berner, D.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Mejri, D (reprint author), Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Tunis Mahrajene 1082, Tunisia. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 174 EP 174 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0174A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500035 ER PT J AU Comstock, JC Sood, SG Glynn, NC Shine, JM McKemy, JM Castlebury, LA AF Comstock, J. C. Sood, S. G. Glynn, N. C. Shine, J. M., Jr. McKemy, J. M. Castlebury, L. A. TI First report of Puccinia kuehnii, causal agent of orange rust of sugarcane, in the United States and Western Hemisphere SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Comstock, J. C.; Sood, S. G.; Glynn, N. C.] USDA ARS, Canal Pt, FL USA. [Shine, J. M., Jr.] Sugar Cane Growers Cooperat Florida, Belle Glade, FL USA. [McKemy, J. M.] USDA, APHIS PPQ, Natl Identificat Serv & Syst Mycol, Beltsville, MD USA. [McKemy, J. M.; Castlebury, L. A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Comstock, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugacane Field Stat, Canal Pt, FL USA. NR 4 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 175 EP 175 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0175A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500038 ER PT J AU Montero-Astua, M Saborio-R, G Chacon-Diaz, C Garita, L Villalobos, W Hartung, JS Rivera, C AF Montero-Astua, M. Saborio-R, G. Chacon-Diaz, C. Garita, L. Villalobos, W. Hartung, J. S. Rivera, C. TI First report of Xylella fastidiosa in avocado in Costa Rica SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID LEAF SCORCH C1 [Montero-Astua, M.; Saborio-R, G.; Chacon-Diaz, C.; Garita, L.; Villalobos, W.; Rivera, C.] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Biol Celular & Mol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Chacon-Diaz, C.; Rivera, C.] Univ Costa Rica, Fac Microbiol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Hartung, J. S.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Baltimore, MD 20705 USA. RP Montero-Astua, M (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Biol Celular & Mol, San Jose, Costa Rica. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 BP 175 EP 175 DI 10.1094/PDIS-92-1-0175C PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 242BC UT WOS:000251698500040 ER PT J AU Peterson, DW Reich, PB AF Peterson, David W. Reich, Peter B. TI Fire frequency and tree canopy structure influence plant species diversity in a forest-grassland ecotone SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE community heterogeneity; intermediate disturbance hypothesis; oak savanna; oak woodland; prescribed fire; species richness ID INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE HYPOTHESIS; EAST-CENTRAL MINNESOTA; OAK SAVANNA; HERBACEOUS VEGETATION; SOUTHERN WISCONSIN; PRESCRIBED FIRE; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; PRODUCTIVITY; GRADIENTS AB Disturbances and environmental heterogeneity are two factors thought to influence plant species diversity, but their effects are still poorly understood in many ecosystems. We surveyed understory vegetation and measured tree canopy cover on permanent plots spanning an experimental fire frequency gradient to test fire frequency and tree canopy effects on plant species richness and community heterogeneity within a mosaic of grassland, oak savanna, oak woodland, and forest communities. Species richness was assessed for all vascular plant species and for three plant functional groups: grasses, forbs, and woody plants. Understory species richness and community heterogeneity were maximized at biennial fire frequencies, consistent with predictions of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. However, overstory tree species richness was highest in unburned units and declined with increasing fire frequency. Maximum species richness was observed in unburned units for woody species, with biennial fires for forbs, and with near-annual fires for grasses. Savannas and woodlands with intermediate and spatially variable tree canopy cover had greater species richness and community heterogeneity than old-field grasslands or closed-canopy forests. Functional group species richness was positively correlated with functional group cover. Our results suggest that annual to biennial fire frequencies prevent shrubs and trees from competitively excluding grasses and prairie forbs, while spatially variable shading from overstory trees reduces grass dominance and provides a wider range of habitat conditions. Hence, high species richness in savannas is due to both high sample point species richness and high community heterogeneity among sample points, which are maintained by intermediate fire frequencies and variable tree canopy cover. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Peterson, DW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 1133 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM davepeterson@fs.fed.us RI Peterson, David/B-1105-2008 NR 46 TC 46 Z9 56 U1 5 U2 72 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 194 IS 1 BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s11258-007-9270-4 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 234FX UT WOS:000251147200002 ER PT J AU Potokina, E Druka, A Luo, ZW Wise, R Waugh, R Kearsey, M AF Potokina, Elena Druka, Arnis Luo, Zewei Wise, Roger Waugh, Robbie Kearsey, Mike TI Gene expression quantitative trait locus analysis of 16,000 barley genes reveals a complex pattern of genome-wide transcriptional regulation SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE barley; transcript derived markers; eQTL; hotspots; genetic genomics; Affymetrix ID COMPARATIVE SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; SINGLE-FEATURE POLYMORPHISMS; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; HORDEUM-VULGARE; CEREAL GENOMICS; POWDERY MILDEW; RICE; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; REGIONS AB Transcript abundance from cRNA hybridizations to Affymetrix microarrays can be used for simultaneous marker development and genome-wide gene expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis of crops. We have previously shown that it is easily possible to use Affymetrix expression arrays to profile individuals from a segregating population to accurately identify robust polymorphic molecular genetic markers. We applied the method to identify more than 2000 genetic polymorphisms (transcript derived markers, TDMs) from an experiment involving two commercial varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare; Steptoe and Morex) and their doubled-haploid progeny. With this set of TDMs, we constructed a genetic map and used it for the genome-wide eQTL analysis of about 16 000 genes in a relatively large population (n = 139). We identified 23 738 significant eQTLs at a genome-wide significance (P <= 0.05), affecting the expression of 12 987 genes. Over a third of these genes with expression variation have only one identified eQTL while the rest have two to six. A large proportion of the quantitatively controlled transcripts appear to be regulated by both cis and trans effects. More than half of the quantitatively controlled transcripts appear to be primarily regulated by cis eQTLs in this population. We show that although there appear to be eQTL hotspots many of these are in chromosomal regions of low recombination, such as genetic centromeres, and so have a high gene density per centimorgan. Some chromosomal regions have a significant excess of eQTL over the number expected from gene density, and many of these are biased towards eQTL for which the allele from one particular parent increases the expression level. C1 [Potokina, Elena; Luo, Zewei; Kearsey, Mike] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Druka, Arnis; Waugh, Robbie] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Luo, Zewei] Fudan Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Biomed Sci, Lab Populat & Quantitat Genet, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Wise, Roger] USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kearsey, M (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM m.j.kearsey@bham.ac.uk RI Druka, Arnis/E-9701-2011; Potokina, Elena/B-1211-2014 NR 44 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 2 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 1 BP 90 EP 101 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03315.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247UY UT WOS:000252109300008 PM 17944808 ER PT J AU Yu, QY Hou, S Feltus, FA Jones, MR Murray, JE Veatch, O Lemke, C Saw, JH Moore, RC Thimmapuram, J Liu, L Moore, PH Alam, M Jiang, JM Paterson, AH Ming, R AF Yu, Qingyi Hou, Shaobin Feltus, F. Alex Jones, Meghan R. Murray, Jan E. Veatch, Olivia Lemke, Cornelia Saw, Jimmy H. Moore, Richard C. Thimmapuram, Jyothi Liu, Lei Moore, Paul H. Alam, Maqsudul Jiang, Jiming Paterson, Andrew H. Ming, Ray TI Low X/Y divergence in four pairs of papaya sex-linked genes SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Carica papaya; chromosomal rearrangements; molecular evolution; male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY); sex chromosomes ID PLANT SILENE-LATIFOLIA; Y-CHROMOSOME; DETERMINATION LOCUS; SUBSTITUTION RATES; CARICA-PAPAYA; EVOLUTION; RECOMBINATION; ORGANIZATION; RESTRICTION; CAROTENOIDS AB Sex chromosomes in flowering plants, in contrast to those in animals, evolved relatively recently and only a few are heteromorphic. The homomorphic sex chromosomes of papaya show features of incipient sex chromosome evolution. We investigated the features of paired X- and Y-specific bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), and estimated the time of divergence in four pairs of sex-linked genes. We report the results of a comparative analysis of long contiguous genomic DNA sequences between the X and hermaphrodite Y (Y-h) chromosomes. Numerous chromosomal rearrangements were detected in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY), including inversions, deletions, insertions, duplications and translocations, showing the dynamic evolutionary process on the MSY after recombination ceased. DNA sequence expansion was documented in the two regions of the MSY, demonstrating that the cytologically homomorphic sex chromosomes are heteromorphic at the molecular level. Analysis of sequence divergence between four X and Y-h gene pairs resulted in a estimated age of divergence of between 0.5 and 2.2 million years, supporting a recent origin of the papaya sex chromosomes. Our findings indicate that sex chromosomes did not evolve at the family level in Caricaceae, and reinforce the theory that sex chromosomes evolve at the species level in some lineages. C1 [Yu, Qingyi; Jones, Meghan R.; Murray, Jan E.; Veatch, Olivia; Ming, Ray] Hawaii Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. [Hou, Shaobin; Saw, Jimmy H.; Alam, Maqsudul] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Adv Studies Genom Proteom & Bioinformat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Feltus, F. Alex; Lemke, Cornelia; Paterson, Andrew H.] Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Veatch, Olivia] Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Moore, Richard C.] Miami Univ, Dept Bot, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Thimmapuram, Jyothi; Liu, Lei] Univ Illinois, Wm Keck Ctr Comparat & Funct Genom, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Moore, Paul H.] USDA ARS, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ming, Ray] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ming, R (reprint author), Hawaii Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA. EM rming@life.uiuc.edu RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; Saw, Jimmy/A-9972-2009; OI Saw, Jimmy/0000-0001-8353-3854; Veatch, Olivia/0000-0002-5509-7749; Hou, Shaobin/0000-0003-3467-8242 NR 36 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 1 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03329.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247UY UT WOS:000252109300011 PM 17973896 ER PT J AU Pineros, MA Cancado, GMA Maron, LG Lyi, SM Menossi, M Kochian, LV AF Pineros, Miguel A. Cancado, Geraldo M. A. Maron, Lyza G. Lyi, Sangbom M. Menossi, Marcelo Kochian, Leon V. TI Not all ALMT1-type transporters mediate aluminum-activated organic acid responses: the case of ZmALMT1 - an anion-selective transporter SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE aluminum toxicity; aluminum tolerance; ALMT; root exudates; transporter protein; Zea mays ID ROOT CITRATE EXUDATION; WHEAT ROOTS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; MALATE TRANSPORTER; PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION; TOLERANCE MECHANISM; XYLEM-PARENCHYMA; APICAL CELLS; PLANT-CELLS; MAIZE AB The phytotoxic effects of aluminum (Al) on root systems of crop plants constitute a major agricultural problem in many areas of the world. Root exudation of Al-chelating molecules such as low-molecular-weight organic acids has been shown to be an important mechanism of plant Al tolerance/resistance. Differences observed in the physiology and electrophysiology of root function for two maize genotypes with contrasting Al tolerance revealed an association between rates of Al-activated root organic acid release and Al tolerance. Using these genotypes, we cloned ZmALMT1, a maize gene homologous to the wheat ALMT1 and Arabidopsis AtALMT1 genes that have recently been described as encoding functional, Al-activated transporters that play a role in tolerance by mediating Al-activated organic acid exudation in roots. The ZmALMT1 cDNA encodes a 451 amino acid protein containing six transmembrane helices. Transient expression of a ZmALMT1::GFP chimera confirmed that the protein is targeted to the plant cell plasma membrane. We addressed whether ZmALMT1 might underlie the Al-resistance response (i.e. Al-activated citrate exudation) observed in the roots of the Al-tolerant genotype. The physiological, gene expression and functional data from this study confirm that ZmALMT1 is a plasma membrane transporter that is capable of mediating elective anion efflux and influx. However, gene expression data as well as biophysical transport characteristics obtained from Xenopus oocytes expressing ZmALMT1 indicate that this transporter is implicated in the selective transport of anions involved in mineral nutrition and ion homeostasis processes, rather than mediating a specific Al-activated citrate exudation response at the rhizosphere of maize roots. C1 [Pineros, Miguel A.; Maron, Lyza G.; Lyi, Sangbom M.; Kochian, Leon V.] Cornell Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cancado, Geraldo M. A.; Menossi, Marcelo] Univ Estadual Campinas, Ctr Biol Mol & Engn Genet, Lab Genom Func, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Pineros, MA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM map25@cornell.edu; lvk1@cornell.edu RI 2, INCT/G-6506-2013; Bioetanol, Inct/I-1068-2013; Menossi, Marcelo/C-6305-2014; Menossi, Marcelo/A-4364-2012; Cancado, Geraldo/C-9090-2015; Maron, Lyza/B-5644-2008; OI Menossi, Marcelo/0000-0002-9211-3787; Menossi, Marcelo/0000-0002-9211-3787; Maron, Lyza/0000-0001-6475-2357; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X; Cancado, Geraldo/0000-0002-5592-8100; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 NR 46 TC 50 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 2 BP 352 EP 367 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03344.x PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247VA UT WOS:000252109500013 PM 18069943 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Kim, H Lu, F Grabber, JH Leple, JC Berrio-Sierra, J Derikvand, MM Jouanin, L Boerjan, W Lapierre, C AF Ralph, John Kim, Hoon Lu, Fachuang Grabber, John H. Leple, Jean-Charles Berrio-Sierra, Jimmy Derikvand, Mohammad Mir Jouanin, Lise Boerjan, Wout Lapierre, Catherine TI Identification of the structure and origin of a thioacidolysis marker compound for ferulic acid incorporation into angiosperm lignins (and an indicator for cinnamoyl CoA reductase deficiency) SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE lignin monomer; downregulation; transgenic; mutant; radical coupling; NMR ID ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY; O-METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; DOWN-REGULATION; TOBACCO PLANTS; CELL-WALLS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSGENIC POPLARS; CAD-DEFICIENT; LIGNIFICATION; NMR AB A molecular marker compound, derived from lignin by the thioacidolysis degradative method, for structures produced when ferulic acid is incorporated into lignin in angiosperms (poplar, Arabidopsis, tobacco), has been structurally identified as 1,2,2-trithioethyl ethylguaiacol [1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,2-tris(ethylthio)ethane]. Its truncated side chain and distinctive oxidation state suggest that it derives from ferulic acid that has undergone bis-8-O-4 (cross) coupling during lignification, as validated by model studies. A diagnostic contour for such structures is found in two-dimensional C-13-H-1 correlated (HSQC) NMR spectra of lignins isolated from cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR)-deficient poplar. As low levels of the marker are also released from normal (i.e. non-transgenic) plants in which ferulic acid may be present during lignification, notably in grasses, the marker is only an indicator for CCR deficiency in general, but is a reliable marker in woody angiosperms such as poplar. Its derivation, together with evidence for 4-O-etherified ferulic acid, strongly implies that ferulic acid is incorporated into angiosperm lignins. Its endwise radical coupling reactions suggest that ferulic acid should be considered an authentic lignin precursor. Moreover, ferulic acid incorporation provides a new mechanism for producing branch points in the polymer. The findings sharply contradict those reported in a recent study on CCR-deficient Arabidopsis. C1 [Ralph, John; Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kim, Hoon] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Leple, Jean-Charles] INRA, Unite Ameliorat Genet & Physiol Forestieres, F-45166 Olivet, France. [Berrio-Sierra, Jimmy; Lapierre, Catherine] INRA, AgroParisTech, UMR 206 Chim Biol, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Derikvand, Mohammad Mir; Jouanin, Lise] INRA, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, Biol Cellulaire Lab, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Boerjan, Wout] Flanders Inst Biotechnol, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Boerjan, Wout] Univ Ghent, Dept Mol Genet, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. RP Ralph, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM john.ralph@ars.usda.gov RI LEPLE, Jean-Charles/H-4210-2012; LEPLE, Jean charles/L-9604-2014; OI Boerjan, Wout/0000-0003-1495-510X FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41RR02301, RR08438, RR02781]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P41GM66326] NR 50 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 23 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 53 IS 2 BP 368 EP 379 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03345.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247VA UT WOS:000252109500014 PM 18184422 ER PT J AU Ameline-Torregrosa, C Wang, BB O'Bleness, MS Deshpande, S Zhu, HY Roe, B Young, ND Cannon, SB AF Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine Wang, Bing-Bing O'Bleness, Majesta S. Deshpande, Shweta Zhu, Hongyan Roe, Bruce Young, Nevin D. Cannon, Steven B. TI Identification and characterization of nucleotide-binding site-Leucine-rich repeat genes in the model plant Medicago truncatul SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES; ARABIDOPSIS TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NBS-LRR PROTEINS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; DEFENSE RESPONSES; FUNGAL PATHOGENS; MESSENGER-RNA; EVOLUTION; EXPRESSION AB The nucleotide-binding site (NBS)-Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) gene family accounts for the largest number of known disease resistance genes, and is one of the largest gene families in plant genomes. We have identified 333 nonredundant NBS-LRRs in the current Medicago truncatula draft genome (Mt1.0), likely representing 400 to 500 NBS-LRRs in the full genome, or roughly 3 times the number present in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Although many characteristics of the gene family are similar to those described on other plant genomes, several evolutionary features are particularly pronounced in M. truncatula, including a high degree of clustering, evidence of significant numbers of ectopic translocations from clusters to other parts of the genome, a small number of more evolutionarily stable NBS-LRRs, and numerous truncations and fusions leading to novel domain compositions. The gene family clearly has had a large impact on the structure of the genome, both through ectopic translocations (potentially, a means of seeding new NBS-LRR clusters), and through two extraordinarily large superclusters. Chromosome 6 encodes approximately 34% of all TIR-NBS- LRRs, while chromosome 3 encodes approximately 40% of all coiled-coil-NBS-LRRs. Almost all atypical domain combinations are in the TIR-NBS-LRR subfamily, with many occurring within one genomic cluster. This analysis shows the gene family not only is important functionally and agronomically, but also plays a structural role in the genome. C1 [Cannon, Steven B.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cannon, Steven B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine] INRA, CNRS, UMR 442 2594, Lab Interact Plantes Microorganisms, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine; Wang, Bing-Bing; Young, Nevin D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Ameline-Torregrosa, Carine; Wang, Bing-Bing; Young, Nevin D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Bleness, Majesta S.; Roe, Bruce] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman 73109, OK USA. [O'Bleness, Majesta S.; Roe, Bruce] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Norman, OK 73109 USA. [Zhu, Hongyan] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40526 USA. RP Cannon, SB (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM steven.cannon@ars.usda.gov NR 82 TC 127 Z9 131 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1 BP 5 EP 21 DI 10.1104/pp.107.104588 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247PZ UT WOS:000252093100002 PM 17981990 ER PT J AU Kronmiller, BA Wise, RP AF Kronmiller, Brent A. Wise, Roger P. TI TEnest: Automated chronological annotation and visualization of nested plant transposable elements SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DE-NOVO IDENTIFICATION; MAIZE GENOME; REPETITIVE ELEMENTS; LTR RETROTRANSPOSONS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; RICE; EVOLUTION; EFFICIENT; REGIONS; LOCUS AB Organisms with a high density of transposable elements (TEs) exhibit nesting, with subsequent repeats found inside previously inserted elements. Nesting splits the sequence structure of TEs and makes annotation of repetitive areas challenging. We present TEnest, a repeat identification and display tool made specifically for highly repetitive genomes. TEnest identifies repetitive sequences and reconstructs separated sections to provide full-length repeats and, for long- terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons, calculates age since insertion based on LTR divergence. TEnest provides a chronological insertion display to give an accurate visual representation of TE integration history showing timeline, location, and families of each TE identified, thus creating a framework from which evolutionary comparisons can be made among various regions of the genome. A database of repeats has been developed for maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and barley (Hordeum vulgare) to illustrate the potential of TEnest software. All currently finished maize bacterial artificial chromosomes totaling 29.3 Mb were analyzed with TEnest to provide a characterization of the repeat insertions. Sixty-seven percent of the maize genome was found to be made up of TEs; of these, 95% are LTR retrotransposons. The rate of solo LTR formation is shown to be dissimilar across retrotransposon families. Phylogenetic analysis of TE families reveals specific events of extreme TE proliferation, which may explain the high quantities of certain TE families found throughout the maize genome. The TEnest software package is available for use on PlantGDB under the tools section (http://www.plantgdb.org/prj/TE_nest/TE_nest.html); the source code is available from http://wiselab.org. C1 [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, USDA, Corn Insect & Corp Genet Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kronmiller, Brent A.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stress, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kronmiller, Brent A.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wise, RP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA, Corn Insect & Corp Genet Res, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rpwise@iastate.edu NR 39 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1 BP 45 EP 59 DI 10.1104/pp.107.110353 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 247PZ UT WOS:000252093100005 PM 18032588 ER PT S AU Biswas, A Shogren, RL Willett, JL Erhan, SZ Cheng, HN AF Biswas, Atanu Shogren, R. L. Willett, J. L. Erhan, Sevim Z. Cheng, H. N. BE Cheng, HN Gross, RA TI Enzymatic Products from Modified Soybean Oil Containing Hydrazinoester SO POLYMER BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOMATERIALS II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Polymer Biocatalysis and Biomaterials held at the 2006 ACS National Meeting CY SEP 11-14, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Chem Soc ID NATURAL OILS; POLYMERS; EPOXIDATION; KINETICS; ACID AB Efforts have been made in this work to use soybean oil to produce new, non-petroleum based products. The starting material is the ene reaction product of soybean oil and diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD), which can then be hydrolyzed chemically and enzymatically. Chemical hydrolysis gives hydrazino-fatty acids, whereas enzymatic hydrolysis gives the fatty acids modified with the diethyl-azadicarboxylate functionality. Moreover, we have examined enzymatic transesterification reactions in order to explore the chemistry and the utility of these materials. Enzymatic transesterification with methanol gives modified methyl soyate, while enzymatic reactions with glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol) give modified fatty acid glycerides and fatty acid ethoxylates. These new materials can potentially be used as ingredients in coatings, cosmetics, biodiesel fuel, and bio-surfactants. (C) 2008 American Chemical Society C1 [Biswas, Atanu; Shogren, R. L.; Willett, J. L.] ARS, Plant Polymers Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), ARS, Plant Polymers Res Unit, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6970-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 999 BP 76 EP 85 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BKO57 UT WOS:000268803800005 ER PT S AU Jong, L AF Jong, L. BE Cheng, HN Gross, RA TI Reinforcement Effect of Soy Protein and Carbohydrates in Polymer Composites SO POLYMER BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOMATERIALS II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Polymer Biocatalysis and Biomaterials held at the 2006 ACS National Meeting CY SEP 11-14, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Chem Soc ID DYNAMIC-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; NATURAL-RUBBER COMPOSITES; LATEX FILMS; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; ELASTOMER COMPOSITES; FILLER NETWORKING; SPENT FLAKES; PRODUCTS; BEHAVIOR; ISOLATE AB The modulus of soft polymer material can be increased by filter reinforcement. A review of using soy protein and carbohydrates as alternative renewable reinforcement material is presented here. Dry soy protein and carbohydrates are rigid and can form strong filler networks through hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions. They are also capable of interacting with polymers that possess ionic and hydrogen bonding groups. Through filler-filler and filler-rubber interactions, the rubber modulus is significantly increased. The variables in the reinforcement effect include the compositions of both soy protein and carbohydrate, polymer composition, particle sizes of dispersions, and co-fillers. C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jong, L (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6970-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 999 BP 86 EP 108 PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BKO57 UT WOS:000268803800006 ER PT J AU Rudell, DR Mattheis, JP AF Rudell, D. R. Mattheis, J. P. TI Synergism exists between ethylene and methyl jasmonate in artificial light-induced pigment enhancement of 'Fuji' apple fruit peel SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Malus sylvestris var. domestica; color; chlorophyll; carotenoid; light stress; 1-methylcyclopropene; ethylene; methyl jasmonate ID ANTHOCYANIN ACCUMULATION; CHLOROGENIC ACID; RED COLOR; SKIN; ETHEPHON; FLAVONOIDS; BIOSYNTHESIS; PATHOGEN; STORAGE; GENES AB The pigment content of detached 'Fuji' apple peel was characterized in fruit exposed to ethylene and/or treated with methyljasmonate (MJ), then irradiated with ultraviolet (UV)/white light. Peel pigments were analyzed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with scanning UV-vis absorbance detection. Treatment with MJ alone enhanced anthocyanin content, including idaein, the major anthocyanin in apple fruit. Anthocyanin content was further enhanced by treatment with MJ + ethylene. Treatment with the ethylene action inhibitor 1-MCP plus MJ reduced red coloration compared with MJ alone. Treatment with ethylene or 1-MCP alone, or ethylene + 1-MCP had no effect on anthocyanin accumulation. Production of hyperin, the major quercetin glycoside in peel tissue, was enhanced by MJ and inhibition of ethylene action with 1-MCP enhanced the impact of MJ. 1-MCP with or without MJ increased phloridzin content. Chlorogenic acid synthesis was enhanced following treatment with MJ and/or ethylene, however, treatment with 1-MCP alone or 1-MCP plus MJ resulted in reduced chlorogenic acid content. beta-Carotene synthesis increased following MJ plus ethylene, but was not enhanced by MJ or ethylene alone. The results indicate synergistic or additive responses between ethylene and MJ exists for regulation of apple peel pigment synthesis pathways. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rudell, D. R.; Mattheis, J. P.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Mattheis, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM mattheis@tfrl.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 136 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.05.021 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 261KK UT WOS:000253077300017 ER PT J AU Hargis, BM Layton, SL Kapczynski, DR Cole, K Cox, MM Kwon, YM Berghman, LR Liljebjelke, K Bottje, WJ AF Hargis, B. M. Layton, S. L. Kapczynski, D. R. Cole, K. Cox, M. M. Kwon, Y. M. Berghman, L. R. Liljebjelke, K. Bottje, W. J. TI Development and evaluation of a potential universal Salmonella-vectored avian influenza vaccine SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE avian influenza; vectored vaccine; Salmonella C1 [Hargis, B. M.; Layton, S. L.; Cole, K.; Cox, M. M.; Kwon, Y. M.; Bottje, W. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Berghman, L. R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kapczynski, D. R.; Liljebjelke, K.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 2 EP 3 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600007 ER PT J AU Everett, DL Corzo, A Kerr, BJ Dozier, WA Kidd, MT AF Everett, D. L. Corzo, A. Kerr, B. J. Dozier, W. A., III Kidd, M. T. TI Lysine and threonine responses in Ross TP16 broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE lysine; threonine; broiler C1 [Everett, D. L.; Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 8 EP 9 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600026 ER PT J AU Roberts, S Gardner, S Mottet, S Kerr, B Hoehler, D Payne, R Bregendahl, K AF Roberts, S. Gardner, S. Mottet, S. Kerr, B. Hoehler, D. Payne, R. Bregendahl, K. TI Effects of supplemental lysine sources on egg-production and economic parameters for laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Biolys; laying hens; L-lysine center dot HCl C1 [Roberts, S.; Gardner, S.; Mottet, S.; Bregendahl, K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Kerr, B.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Hoehler, D.; Payne, R.] Evon Degussa, Kennesaw, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600028 ER PT J AU Corzo, A Dozier, WA Kidd, MT Tillman, P AF Corzo, A. Dozier, W. A., III Kidd, M. T. Tillman, P. TI Threonine-to-lysine ratios for female broilers from 14 to 28 days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE amino acid; lysine; threonine C1 [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Tillman, P.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600032 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Corzo, A Kidd, MT Tillman, P AF Dozier, W. A., III Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Tillman, P. TI Dietary lysine requirement of male broilers from 14 to 28 days of age subjected to different environmental conditions SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE amino acid; broiler; lysine C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Tillman, P.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600031 ER PT J AU Reynnells, RD AF Reynnells, R. D. TI Washington update SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE recognition award; animal welfare; bioethics C1 [Reynnells, R. D.] USDA, CSREES, PAS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 11 EP 12 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600035 ER PT J AU Huff, GR Huff, WE Rath, NC Anthony, NB Nestor, KE AF Huff, G. R. Huff, W. E. Rath, N. C. Anthony, N. B. Nestor, K. E. TI Effects of genetics, transport stress, and Escherichia coli challenge on hematology and clinical chemistry parameters of turkeys SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE turkeys; transport stress; clinical chemistry C1 [Huff, G. R.; Huff, W. E.; Rath, N. C.] ARS, USDA, PPPSRU, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Anthony, N. B.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Nestor, K. E.] Ohio State Univ, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600043 ER PT J AU Liu, G Donoghue, AM Venkitanarayanan, K Donoghue, DJ AF Liu, G. Donoghue, A. M. Venkitanarayanan, K. Donoghue, D. J. TI Caprylic acid maintains rooster sperm viability during in vitro storage SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE sperm viability; caprylic acid C1 [Liu, G.] Yangzhou Univ, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, G.; Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 16 EP 16 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600049 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Hong, YH Jang, SI Ionescu, C Bravo, D AF Lee, S-H Lillehoj, H. S. Hong, Y. H. Jang, S-I Ionescu, C. Bravo, D. TI Immunostimulatory and antitumor effects of plant extracts demonstrated by in vitro culture systems SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE immunomodulation; lymphocyte; macrophage C1 [Lee, S-H; Lillehoj, H. S.; Hong, Y. H.; Jang, S-I] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ionescu, C.; Bravo, D.] Pancosma, Le Grand, Saconnex, Switzerland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600063 ER PT J AU Larrison, EL Davis, MA Byrd, JA Carey, JB Caldwell, DJ AF Larrison, E. L. Davis, M. A. Byrd, J. A. Carey, J. B. Caldwell, D. J. TI Efficacy of acidic calcium sulfate plus (clay or diatomaceous earth) litter formulations against Salmonella in broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; litter; broiler C1 [Larrison, E. L.; Davis, M. A.; Carey, J. B.; Caldwell, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Byrd, J. A.] USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 22 EP 23 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600070 ER PT J AU Loar, RE Mayo, KJ Srinivasan, R Kidd, MT Dozier, WA Corzo, A AF Loar, R. E. Mayo, K. J. Srinivasan, R. Kidd, M. T. Dozier, W. A., III Corzo, A. TI Impact of fiber separation on the nutritional value of distillers dried grains with solubles in broiler diets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler; distillers dried grains with solubles; Elusieve C1 [Loar, R. E.; Mayo, K. J.; Srinivasan, R.; Kidd, M. T.; Corzo, A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600088 ER PT J AU Durairaj, V Coon, CN Huff, WE Huff, GR Clark, FD Rath, NC AF Durairaj, V. Coon, C. N. Huff, W. E. Huff, G. R. Clark, F. D. Rath, N. C. TI Femoral head disarticulation disorder in chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE femoral head disarticulation; serum chemistry; prednisolone C1 [Durairaj, V.; Coon, C. N.; Clark, F. D.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Durairaj, V.; Huff, W. E.; Huff, G. R.; Rath, N. C.] ARS, USDA, PPPSRU, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600101 ER PT J AU McDonald, AL Vizzier-Thaxton, Y Branton, S Scanes, CG Thaxton, JP Anderson, SW Warlick, A AF McDonald, A. L. Vizzier-Thaxton, Y. Branton, S. Scanes, C. G. Thaxton, J. P. Anderson, S. W. Warlick, A. TI Anatomical and physiological changes in hens molted using nonfeed withdrawal SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE emolting; nonfeed withdrawal; physiology C1 [McDonald, A. L.] Cal Maine Foods, Jackson, MS USA. [Vizzier-Thaxton, Y.; Thaxton, J. P.; Anderson, S. W.; Warlick, A.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S.] USDA, S Cent Poultry Res Lab, Starkville, MS USA. [Scanes, C. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 36 EP 36 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600113 ER PT J AU Hinton, A Cason, JA AF Hinton, A., Jr. Cason, J. A. TI Effect of multiple washings in salicylic acid on the bacterial flora of the skin of processed broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE salicylic acid; broilers; bacteria C1 [Hinton, A., Jr.; Cason, J. A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 38 EP 39 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600122 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Savage, E Smith, D Berrang, M AF Zhuang, H. Savage, E. Smith, D. Berrang, M. TI Sensory descriptive profiles of air and water chilled broiler breast fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE chicken breast; air chilling; sensory C1 [Zhuang, H.; Savage, E.; Smith, D.; Berrang, M.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600121 ER PT J AU Ruiz, A Williams, SK Hinton, A Rodrick, GE Djeri, N AF Ruiz, A. Williams, S. K. Hinton, A. Rodrick, G. E. Djeri, N. TI Evaluation of the anti-Listeria properties of nisin on ready-to-eat turkey ham SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE bacteriocins; ready-to-eat products; listeria monocytogenes C1 [Ruiz, A.; Williams, S. K.; Rodrick, G. E.; Djeri, N.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Hinton, A.] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 SU 1 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600125 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Frank, JF Meinersmann, RJ AF Berrang, M. E. Frank, J. F. Meinersmann, R. J. TI Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation on silver ion impregnated cutting boards SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Listeria monocytogenes; silver ion; biofilm C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Frank, J. F.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600128 ER PT J AU Northcutt, JK Smith, DP Cox, NA Ingram, KD Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ Cason, JA Hinton, A AF Northcutt, J. K. Smith, D. P. Cox, N. A. Ingram, K. D. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. Cason, J. A. Hinton, A., Jr. TI Effects of chlorine or chlorine dioxide during immersion chilling on recovery of bacteria from broiler carcasses and chiller water SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broilers; immersion chilling; carcass bacteria recovery C1 [Northcutt, J. K.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Smith, D. P.; Cox, N. A.; Ingram, K. D.; Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.; Cason, J. A.; Hinton, A., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 40 EP 40 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600127 ER PT J AU Smith, DP AF Smith, D. P. TI Effect of quartering and sampling method on recovery of bacteria from broiler carcasses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE E. coli; coliforms; broiler carcass C1 [Smith, D. P.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 40 EP 41 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600129 ER PT J AU Jones, DR Trabue, SK Shaw, JD Musgrove, MT AF Jones, D. R. Trabue, S. K. Shaw, J. D. Musgrove, M. T. TI Effects of postprocessing shell surface sanitizers on egg physical quality SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE egg; shell surface; sanitizer C1 [Jones, D. R.; Musgrove, M. T.] ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Trabue, S. K.] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Shaw, J. D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600130 ER PT J AU Cason, JA Hinton, A Northcutt, JK Buhr, RJ Ingram, KD Smith, DP Cox, NA AF Cason, J. A. Hinton, A., Jr. Northcutt, J. K. Buhr, R. J. Ingram, K. D. Smith, D. P. Cox, N. A. TI External and internal bacteria in broiler chickens before and after defeathering SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; Escherichia coli C1 [Cason, J. A.; Hinton, A., Jr.; Northcutt, J. K.; Buhr, R. J.; Ingram, K. D.; Smith, D. P.; Cox, N. A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600134 ER PT J AU Musgrove, MT Trabue, SK Shaw, JD Jones, DR AF Musgrove, M. T. Trabue, S. K. Shaw, J. D. Jones, D. R. TI Efficacy of postwash shell egg sanitizers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE shell eggs; sanitizers; food safety C1 [Musgrove, M. T.; Jones, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. [Trabue, S. K.] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Shaw, J. D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 42 EP 43 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600136 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Fahey, AG Cheng, HW AF Dennis, R. L. Fahey, A. G. Cheng, H. W. TI Infrared beak treatment: An alternative to conventional beak trimming SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE beak trim; infrared; egg production C1 [Dennis, R. L.; Fahey, A. G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dennis, R. L.; Fahey, A. G.; Cheng, H. W.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 44 EP 44 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600138 ER PT J AU Arguelles-Ramos, M Brake, JT Leytem, AB AF Arguelles-Ramos, M. Brake, J. T. Leytem, A. B. TI Effect of the inclusion of phytase on low available phosphorus broiler breeder diets on fecal moisture SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE broiler breeders; phytase; litter moisture C1 [Arguelles-Ramos, M.; Brake, J. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. [Leytem, A. B.] ARS, USDA, NISRL, Kimberly, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 45 EP 45 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600142 ER PT J AU Stringfellow, K Anderson, P Caldwell, D Lee, J Byrd, J McReynolds, J Carey, J Farnell, M AF Stringfellow, K. Anderson, P. Caldwell, D. Lee, J. Byrd, J. McReynolds, J. Carey, J. Farnell, M. TI Consequences of long term storage conditions and the addition of organic matter on the antimicrobial activity of diluted disinfectants SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE disinfectant; biosecurity; poultry C1 [Stringfellow, K.; Anderson, P.; Caldwell, D.; Lee, J.; Carey, J.; Farnell, M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Byrd, J.; McReynolds, J.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 46 EP 47 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600146 ER PT J AU Gast, RK Guard-Bouldin, J Guraya, R Holt, PS AF Gast, R. K. Guard-Bouldin, J. Guraya, R. Holt, P. S. TI Effect of passage through laying hens on organ invasiveness and phenotypic heterogeneity of Salmonella Enteritidis SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella Enteritidis; in vivo passage C1 [Gast, R. K.; Guard-Bouldin, J.; Guraya, R.; Holt, P. S.] ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 54 EP 54 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600171 ER PT J AU Oviedo-Rondon, EO Mente, PL Lascelles, BDX Grimes, J Ferket, P Mitchell, A AF Oviedo-Rondon, E. O. Mente, P. L. Lascelles, B. D. X. Grimes, J. Ferket, P. Mitchell, A. TI Leg defects and gait patterns on turkey bone biomechanical properties SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE leg problems; bone strength; gait C1 [Oviedo-Rondon, E. O.; Grimes, J.; Ferket, P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, CALS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mente, P. L.] N Carolina State Univ, COE, Biomed Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lascelles, B. D. X.] N Carolina State Univ, CVM, Dept Clin Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mitchell, A.] ARS, USDA, BARC, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 58 EP 58 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600183 ER PT J AU Brown, AJ Webster, AB Fairchild, BD Buhr, RJ AF Brown, A. J. Webster, A. B. Fairchild, B. D. Buhr, R. J. TI Photoperiod effects on broiler behavior SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE photoperiod; broiler; behavior C1 [Brown, A. J.; Webster, A. B.; Fairchild, B. D.] Univ Athens, Dept Poultry Sci, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. [Buhr, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 61 EP 61 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600192 ER PT J AU Li, X Swaggerty, C Kogut, M Chiang, H Wang, Y Genovese, K He, H Stern, N Zhou, H AF Li, X. Swaggerty, C. Kogut, M. Chiang, H. Wang, Y. Genovese, K. He, H. Stern, N. Zhou, H. TI The paternal effect of Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broilers. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE C. jejuni; paternal effect; challenge C1 [Li, X.; Chiang, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhou, H.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Swaggerty, C.; Kogut, M.; Genovese, K.; He, H.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. [Stern, N.] ARS, USDA, Athens, Greece. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 68 EP 68 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600214 ER PT J AU Kannan, L Liyanage, R Lay, JO Rath, NC AF Kannan, L. Liyanage, R. Lay, J. O., Jr. Rath, N. C. TI Regulation of thymosin beta 4 in chicken macrophages by Toll-like receptor activation. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE macrophages; thymosin beta 4; Toll-like receptors C1 [Kannan, L.; Rath, N. C.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Kannan, L.; Liyanage, R.; Lay, J. O., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 82 EP 83 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600258 ER PT J AU Nerren, J Kogut, M AF Nerren, J. Kogut, M. TI Reactive oxygen species production of chicken heterophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to the Dectin-1 specific agonist, curdlan. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Dectin-1; pattern recognition receptors; beta-glucan C1 [Nerren, J.; Kogut, M.] USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 82 EP 82 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600257 ER PT J AU Rasaputra, KS Rath, NC Kumar, TKS AF Rasaputra, K. S. Rath, N. C. Kumar, T. K. S. TI Matrix metalloproteinase in avian bile fluid. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE avian bile; matrix metalloproteinases; zymography C1 [Rasaputra, K. S.; Kumar, T. K. S.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Rath, N. C.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. RI Kumar, Suresh Thallapuranam/R-5606-2016 OI Kumar, Suresh Thallapuranam/0000-0001-7262-1373 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600274 ER PT J AU Corzo, A Kidd, MT Dozier, WA AF Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Dozier, W. A., III TI Dietary valine requirement estimates for Ross x Ross 308 male broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE amino acid; broiler; valine C1 [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600298 ER PT J AU Richardson, LJ Cox, NA Buhr, RJ Akins, ED Hiett, KL Harrison, MA AF Richardson, L. J. Cox, N. A. Buhr, R. J. Akins, E. D. Hiett, K. L. Harrison, M. A. TI Molecular phylogeny of the flaA short variable region and invasiveness among Campylobacter spp. isolated from the blood and ceca of commercial broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; genotyping; blood C1 [Richardson, L. J.; Cox, N. A.; Buhr, R. J.; Hiett, K. L.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Akins, E. D.; Harrison, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600321 ER PT J AU Lammers, PJ Kerr, BJ Honeyman, MS Stalder, K Dozier, WA Weber, TE Kidd, MT Bregendahl, K AF Lammers, P. J. Kerr, B. J. Honeyman, M. S. Stalder, K. Dozier, W. A., III Weber, T. E. Kidd, M. T. Bregendahl, K. TI Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy value of crude glycerol for laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crude glycerol; biodiesel co-product; nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy; laying hen ID BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; CHICKS; DIETS AB An experiment was conducted with laying hens to determine the AME(n) value of crude glycerol, a coproduct of biodiesel production. Crude glycerol ( 87% glycerol, 9% water, 0.03% methanol, 1.26% Na, and 3,625 kcal/kg of gross energy) was obtained from a commercial biodiesel production facility (Ag Processing Inc., Sergeant Bluff, IA). A total of forty-eight 40-wk-old laying hens (Hy-Line W-36) were placed in metabolic cages ( 2 hens/cage) and given free access to the experimental diets. A corn and soybean meal-based basal diet (18% CP, 2,875 kcal/kg of AME(n), 4.51% Ca, 0.51% nonphytate P) was formulated with 15% glucose center dot H2O and 1% Celite. Four dietary treatments were created by substituting 0, 5, 10, or 15% crude glycerol for glucose center dot H2O (3,640 kcal/kg of AME(n)). After 7 d of dietary adaptation, excreta were collected twice daily for 3 d, freeze-dried, and analyzed for contents of DM, Kjeldahl N, acid-insoluble ash, and gross energy. Egg production was recorded daily, and eggs were collected on d 7 and 8 of the experiment for calculation of egg mass (egg production x egg weight). Feed consumption was measured over the 10-d experimental period. Egg-production data were analyzed by ANOVA with 4 treatments and 6 replications in a completely randomized experimental design. The AME(n) value of crude glycerol was estimated as the slope of the linear relationship between the inclusion rate of dietary crude glycerol and the glucose-corrected AME(n) value of the experimental diets. No significant treatment effects ( P > 0.1) were apparent for egg-production rate (93.0%), egg weight ( 56.1 g), egg mass ( 52.2 g/d), or feed consumption ( 104 g/d). Linear regression analysis ( P < 0.001, r(2) = 0.92, n = 24) revealed that the AMEn value of the crude glycerol used in this study was 3,805 +/- 238 kcal/kg ( mean +/- SEM; as-is basis) for laying hens. C1 [Lammers, P. J.; Honeyman, M. S.; Stalder, K.; Bregendahl, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kerr, B. J.; Weber, T. E.] USDA ARS, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Bregendahl, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kristjan@iastate.edu OI Stalder, Kenneth/0000-0001-9540-681X NR 21 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 87 IS 1 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00255 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 272JF UT WOS:000253855000017 PM 18079458 ER PT J AU Brown, AJ Fairchild, BD Webster, AB Buhr, RJ AF Brown, A. J. Fairchild, B. D. Webster, A. B. Buhr, R. J. TI Photoperiod effects on broiler performance SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE photoperiod; broiler; performance C1 [Brown, A. J.; Fairchild, B. D.; Webster, A. B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Buhr, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600332 ER PT J AU Roberts, S Pineda, L Kerr, B Bregendahl, K AF Roberts, S. Pineda, L. Kerr, B. Bregendahl, K. TI Maximum dietary content of corn distillers dried grains with solubles for laying hens: Nitrogen balance and egg production SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE DDGS; laying hen; nitrogen balance C1 [Roberts, S.; Bregendahl, K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Pineda, L.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6700 HB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kerr, B.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600369 ER PT J AU Line, JE AF Line, J. E. TI Effect of sponges and gas-charged incubators on recovery of Campylobacter from broiler rinses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; broiler; sponge C1 [Line, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 122 EP 123 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600387 ER PT J AU Northcutt, JK McNeal, WD Ingram, KD AF Northcutt, J. K. McNeal, W. D. Ingram, K. D. TI Effects of shackle line speed on broiler carcass microbiology and presentation scores SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE poultry processing; carcass microbiology; processing line speeds C1 [Northcutt, J. K.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [McNeal, W. D.] Meyn Amer LLC, Ball Ground, GA USA. [Ingram, K. D.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600386 ER PT J AU Anderson, PN Byrd, JA Hume, ME Stringfellow, K Hernandez, C Caldwell, DJ AF Anderson, P. N. Byrd, J. A. Hume, M. E. Stringfellow, K. Hernandez, C. Caldwell, D. J. TI Using automated rep-PCR to determine the genotypic relatedness of Salmonella isolates recovered from an integrated broiler operation SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE rep-PCR; Salmonella; integrated poultry operation C1 [Anderson, P. N.; Byrd, J. A.; Hume, M. E.; Stringfellow, K.; Hernandez, C.; Caldwell, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Byrd, J. A.; Hume, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600391 ER PT J AU Johnson, J Alvarado, CZ Berrang, M Mckee, SR Thompson, LD Brashears, MM AF Johnson, J. Alvarado, C. Z. Berrang, M. Mckee, S. R. Thompson, L. D. Brashears, M. M. TI Control of Listeria monocytogenes on further processed turkey deli loaves using organic acids as postcook dips SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Listeria monocytogenes; organic acid; deli loaves C1 [Johnson, J.; Alvarado, C. Z.; Thompson, L. D.; Brashears, M. M.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Berrang, M.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Mckee, S. R.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600393 ER PT J AU Lloyd, T Alvarado, CZ Berrang, M Mckee, SR Thompson, LD Brashears, MM AF Lloyd, T. Alvarado, C. Z. Berrang, M. Mckee, S. R. Thompson, L. D. Brashears, M. M. TI Multihurdle approach to controlling Listeria monocytogenes in further processed turkey deli loaves SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE turkey; Listeria monocytogenes; deli loaves C1 [Lloyd, T.; Alvarado, C. Z.; Thompson, L. D.; Brashears, M. M.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Berrang, M.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Mckee, S. R.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 124 EP 125 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600394 ER PT J AU Anup, KJ Sangeetha, AB Anu, SC Amalaradjou, MAR Darre, MJ Khan, MA Hoagland, TA Schreiber, DT Donoghue, AM Donoghue, DJ Venkitanarayanan, K AF Anup, K. J. Sangeetha, A. B. Anu, S. C. Amalaradjou, M. A. R. Darre, M. J. Khan, M. A. Hoagland, T. A. Schreiber, D. T. Donoghue, A. M. Donoghue, D. J. Venkitanarayanan, K. TI Prophylactic supplementation of caprylic acid in feed reduces Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in commercial broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE caprylic acid; chicken; Salmonella Enteritidis C1 [Anup, K. J.; Sangeetha, A. B.; Anu, S. C.; Amalaradjou, M. A. R.; Darre, M. J.; Khan, M. A.; Hoagland, T. A.; Schreiber, D. T.; Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, PPPSRU, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RI amalaradjou, mary anne roshni/D-2004-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 125 EP 126 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600397 ER PT J AU Hess, JB Blake, JP Reynnells, RD AF Hess, J. B. Blake, J. P. Reynnells, R. D. TI The national poultry waste management symposium as a forum for discussion on poultry waste management issues SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE poultry; waste management; poultry waste C1 [Hess, J. B.; Blake, J. P.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Reynnells, R. D.] CSREES, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 127 EP 127 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600403 ER PT J AU Cheng, W Lay, D Marchant-Forde, R Pajor, ED AF Cheng, W. Lay, D. Marchant-Forde, R. Pajor, E. D. TI Effects of alternatives of molting on bird well-being SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE molting; alternatives; chickens C1 [Cheng, W.; Lay, D.; Marchant-Forde, R.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 129 EP 130 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600411 ER PT J AU Durairaj, V Conner-Dennie, TO Emmert, JL Rath, NC Clark, FD AF Durairaj, V. Conner-Dennie, T. O'. Emmert, J. L. Rath, N. C. Clark, F. D. TI Case report: Necropsy findings during a phytase research trial in broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE phytase enzyme; broilers; necropsy C1 [Durairaj, V.; Conner-Dennie, T. O'.; Emmert, J. L.; Clark, F. D.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Durairaj, V.; Rath, N. C.] PPPSRU ARS USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600408 ER PT J AU Peebles, ED Branton, SL Burnham, MR Whitmarsh, SK Gerard, PD AF Peebles, E. D. Branton, S. L. Burnham, M. R. Whitmarsh, S. K. Gerard, P. D. TI Effects of supplemental dietary phytase and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the performance characteristics of commercial layers inoculated before or at the onset of lay with the F-Strain of Mycoplasma gallisepticum SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Inoculation; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Phytase; 25-hydroxycholecalciferol C1 [Peebles, E. D.; Burnham, M. R.; Whitmarsh, S. K.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] ARS, Poultry Res Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 133 EP 134 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600423 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Bailey, JS AF Berrang, M. E. Bailey, J. S. TI Campylobacter, Salmonella and E. coli on broiler carcasses from commercial plants under HIMP inspection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; Salmonella; E. coli; HIMP; Broiler C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Bailey, J. S.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 134 EP 134 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600425 ER PT J AU Hinton, A Cason, J AF Hinton, A., Jr. Cason, J. TI Bacterial flora of skin of processed broilers after multiple washing in potassium hydroxide and lauric acid. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Broilers; Bacterial flora; Processing; Lauric acid; Potassium hydroxide C1 [Hinton, A., Jr.; Cason, J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 134 EP 134 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600426 ER PT J AU Arguelles-Ramos, M Leytem, AB Brake, JT AF Arguelles-Ramos, M. Leytem, A. B. Brake, J. T. TI Effect of the inclusion of phytase in low available phosphorus broiler breeder diets on fecal moisture SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Phytase; Broiler breeders; Fecal moisture; Urine; Phosphorus C1 [Arguelles-Ramos, M.; Brake, J. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Leytem, A. B.] USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600455 ER PT J AU Roche, AJ Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ Cox, NA Fairchild, BD Siragusa, GR Hinkle, NC AF Roche, A. J. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. Cox, N. A. Fairchild, B. D. Siragusa, G. R. Hinkle, N. C. TI Contaminated larval and adult darkling beetles can serve as vectors in transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium in a broiler flock SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Alphitobius diaperinus; Salmonella Typhimurium; Darkling beetles; Lesser mealworm; Broilers C1 [Roche, A. J.; Fairchild, B. D.; Hinkle, N. C.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.; Cox, N. A.; Siragusa, G. R.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 142 EP 142 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600458 ER PT J AU de Beer, M Ekmay, RD Rosebrough, RW Richards, MP McMurtry, JP Coon, CN AF de Beer, M. Ekmay, R. D. Rosebrough, R. W. Richards, M. P. McMurtry, J. P. Coon, C. N. TI The role of feeding regimens in regulating metabolism of sexually mature broiler breeders: hepatic lipid metabolism, plasma hormones and metabolites SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Broiler breeders; Lipogenesis; Gene expression; Metabolic hormones C1 [de Beer, M.] Aviagen, Huntsville, AL USA. [Ekmay, R. D.; Coon, C. N.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Rosebrough, R. W.; Richards, M. P.; McMurtry, J. P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 144 EP 144 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600467 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Corzo, A Kidd, MT Tillman, P AF Dozier, W. A., III Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Tillman, P. TI Dietary lysine requirement of male broilers from 14 to 28 days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Amino acid; Broiler; Lysine C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tillman, P.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 144 EP 145 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600468 ER PT J AU Corzo, A Dozier, WA Kidd, MT Tillman, P AF Corzo, A. Dozier, W. A., III Kidd, M. T. Tillman, P. TI Dietary lysine requirement of female broilers from 14 to 28 days of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Amino acid; Broiler; Lysine C1 [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Tillman, P.] Ajinomoto Heartland LLC, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600469 ER PT J AU Durairaj, V Rath, NC Rasaputra, KS Kannan, L Coon, CC Huff, WE Huff, GR Clark, FD AF Durairaj, V. Rath, N. C. Rasaputra, K. S. Kannan, L. Coon, C. C. Huff, W. E. Huff, G. R. Clark, F. D. TI Femoral head epiphysiolysis in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Femoral head necrosis; Epiphysiolysis; Fat; Serum chemistry; Chicken C1 [Durairaj, V.; Rasaputra, K. S.; Kannan, L.; Coon, C. C.; Clark, F. D.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Durairaj, V.; Rath, N. C.; Rasaputra, K. S.; Kannan, L.; Huff, W. E.; Huff, G. R.] ARS, USDA, Fayetteville, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600482 ER PT J AU Ritter, AR Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ Cox, NA Bright, W Wilson, JL AF Ritter, A. R. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. Cox, N. A. Bright, W. Wilson, J. L. TI Efficacy of polymers in combination with biocides as sanitizers of Salmonella inoculated broiler hatching eggs SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Broiler hatching eggs; Eggshell disinfection; Hatchability; Combination chemical; Salmonella C1 [Ritter, A. R.; Wilson, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.; Cox, N. A.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Bright, W.] S Carolina State Univ, Orangeburg, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 151 EP 151 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600494 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Kerr, BJ Corzo, A Kidd, MT Weber, TE Bregendal, K AF Dozier, W. A., III Kerr, B. J. Corzo, A. Kidd, M. T. Weber, T. E. Bregendal, K. TI Apparent metabolizable energy of glycerin for broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Broiler; Mmetabolizable energy; Glycerin C1 [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Kerr, B. J.; Weber, T. E.] ARS, USDA, Swine Odor & Manure Management Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Bregendal, K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 153 EP 153 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600500 ER PT J AU Wasilenko, JL Lee, CW Sarmento, L Spackman, E Suarez, DL Pantin-Jackwood, MJ AF Wasilenko, J. L. Lee, C. W. Sarmento, L. Spackman, E. Suarez, D. L. Pantin-Jackwood, M. J. TI Role of different genes in the pathogenesis of H5N1 avian influenza virus in chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE H5N1; Influenza; Pathogenesis; Virus; Chickens C1 [Wasilenko, J. L.; Sarmento, L.; Spackman, E.; Suarez, D. L.; Pantin-Jackwood, M. J.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Lee, C. W.] Dept Food Anim Hlth Res Program, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600513 ER PT J AU Byrd, JA Farnell, MB Sanchez, MX McReynolds, JL Scott, HM Davis, MA Caldwell, DJ Nisbet, DJ AF Byrd, J. A. Farnell, M. B. Sanchez, M. X. McReynolds, J. L. Scott, H. M. Davis, M. A. Caldwell, D. J. Nisbet, D. J. TI Fungi collected from market-age broilers under commercial conditions. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Fungi; Chickens; Broiler C1 [Byrd, J. A.; McReynolds, J. L.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, FFSRU, College Stn, TX USA. [Farnell, M. B.; Sanchez, M. X.; Scott, H. M.; Davis, M. A.; Caldwell, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600533 ER PT J AU McReynolds, JL Byrd, JA Beltran, R Nisbet, DJ AF McReynolds, J. L. Byrd, J. A. Beltran, R. Nisbet, D. J. TI Evaluation of probiotic and phytogenetic products on the development of Necrotic enteritis in poultry. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Necrotic enteritis; Clostridium perfringens; Chickens; Probiotic; Phytogenetic C1 [McReynolds, J. L.; Byrd, J. A.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, FFSRU, College Stn, TX USA. [Beltran, R.] Biomin USA Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600529 ER PT J AU Oviedo-Rondon, EO Meija-Sanchez, L Small, J Brannan, KE Leksrisompong, N Mitchell, A York, TA Brake, J AF Oviedo-Rondon, E. O. Meija-Sanchez, L. Small, J. Brannan, K. E. Leksrisompong, N. Mitchell, A. York, T. A. Brake, J. TI Organic trace minerals (Mintrex (R) P) in broiler breeder diets and pre-incubation conditions on bone development and leg health of broilers. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Leg health; Organic trace minerals; Broiler breeders; Incubation; Broilers C1 [Oviedo-Rondon, E. O.; Meija-Sanchez, L.; Small, J.; Brannan, K. E.; Leksrisompong, N.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mitchell, A.] ARS, USDA, ANRI, Beltsville, MD USA. [York, T. A.; Brake, J.] Novus Int Inc, Chesterfield, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600541 ER PT J AU Purswell, JL Fritz, BK Branton, SL Leigh, SA AF Purswell, J. L. Fritz, B. K. Branton, S. L. Leigh, S. A. TI Effects of spray characteristics on application of avian vaccines. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Vaccination; Layer; Chickens; Spray; Application C1 [Purswell, J. L.; Branton, S. L.; Leigh, S. A.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Fritz, B. K.] ARS, USDA, Area Wide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 162 EP 163 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600542 ER PT J AU Branton, SL Collier, SD Evans, JD Leigh, SA Purswell, JL Dozier, WA Roush, WB Olanrewaju, HA AF Branton, S. L. Collier, S. D. Evans, J. D. Leigh, S. A. Purswell, J. L. Dozier, W. A. Roush, W. B. Olanrewaju, H. A. TI A chronicle of serological response to F strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Layer; Poultry; Chicken; Vaccination; Egg C1 [Branton, S. L.; Collier, S. D.; Evans, J. D.; Leigh, S. A.; Purswell, J. L.; Dozier, W. A.; Roush, W. B.; Olanrewaju, H. A.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600543 ER PT J AU Evans, JD Leigh, SA AF Evans, J. D. Leigh, S. A. TI A simple PCR assay for differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine strains ts-11, 6/85, and F strain from commonly used Mycoplasma gallisepticum challenge strains. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Mycoplasmosis; Diagnostics; Attenuated Vaccine C1 [Evans, J. D.; Leigh, S. A.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600545 ER PT J AU Kwon, YK Swayne, DE AF Kwon, Y. K. Swayne, D. E. TI Susceptibility of five migratory aquatic birds to H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (A/Chicken/Korea/IS/06). SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Aquatic birds; Avian Influenza; H5N1 virus; Susceptibility; Spreading C1 [Kwon, Y. K.; Swayne, D. E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600547 ER PT J AU Leigh, SA Branton, SL Collier, SD AF Leigh, S. A. Branton, S. L. Collier, S. D. TI Comparison of phosphate-buffered saline and Spray-Vac (TM) vaccine stabilizer for aerosol application of FVAX-MG (TM). SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Vaccine stabilizer; Pullet; Mycoplasmosis; SPA C1 [Leigh, S. A.; Branton, S. L.; Collier, S. D.] ARS, USDA, Mid S Area Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600548 ER PT J AU Perozo, F Villegas, P Afonso, C AF Perozo, F. Villegas, P. Afonso, C. TI Primer sequence-independent full genome amplification and sequencing of the vg/ga strain of Newcastle disease virus. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE VG/GA strain; Genome; Tropism C1 [Perozo, F.; Villegas, P.] Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Afonso, C.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 164 EP 164 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600546 ER PT J AU Merino, R Calderon, N Perozo, F Villegas, P Afonso, CL AF Merino, R. Calderon, N. Perozo, F. Villegas, P. Afonso, C. L. TI Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Mexican Newcastle disease virus isolates. SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Newcastle disease virus; Virulence; Genotype; Lineage; Mexico C1 [Merino, R.; Calderon, N.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecn, Mexico City, DF 30602, Mexico. [Perozo, F.; Villegas, P.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA USA. [Afonso, C. L.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 165 EP 165 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600549 ER PT J AU Sarmento, LV Afonso, C Estevez, C Wasilenko, J Pantin-Jackwood, M AF Sarmento, L. V. Afonso, C. Estevez, C. Wasilenko, J. Pantin-Jackwood, M. TI Variable regulation of chicken embryo fibroblasts gene expression by H5N1 avian influenza viruses SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Avian influenza virus; Microarray; RT-PCR; IFN-alpha; Mx1 C1 [Sarmento, L. V.; Afonso, C.; Estevez, C.; Wasilenko, J.; Pantin-Jackwood, M.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RI Owen, Jen/B-3148-2013 OI Owen, Jen/0000-0003-1383-4816 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 165 EP 165 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600552 ER PT J AU Hannah, JF Fletcher, DL Cox, NA Smith, DP Cason, JA Northcutt, JK Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ AF Hannah, J. F. Fletcher, D. L. Cox, N. A. Smith, D. P. Cason, J. A. Northcutt, J. K. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. TI Impact of added sand on the recovery of Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and coliforms from pre-chill and post-chill broiler carcass SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; E. coli; and; half carcass rinse C1 [Hannah, J. F.; Fletcher, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cox, N. A.; Smith, D. P.; Cason, J. A.; Northcutt, J. K.; Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 167 EP 168 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600561 ER PT J AU Olanrewaju, HA Thaxton, JP Dozier, WA Purswell, J Collier, SD Branton, SL AF Olanrewaju, H. A. Thaxton, J. P. Dozier, W. A., III Purswell, J. Collier, S. D. Branton, S. L. TI Interactive effects of ammonia and light intensity on hematochemical variables in broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Ammonia; Light-intensity; Acid-base balance; Broiler; Well-being C1 [Olanrewaju, H. A.; Dozier, W. A., III; Purswell, J.; Collier, S. D.; Branton, S. L.] ARS, USDA, PRU, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Thaxton, J. P.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 167 EP 167 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600560 ER PT J AU Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ Fedorka-Cray, PJ Berrang, ME Bailey, JS Northcutt, JK Fairchild, BD AF Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Berrang, M. E. Bailey, J. S. Northcutt, J. K. Fairchild, B. D. TI Evaluation of a gentamicin resistant Campylobacter (C. coli) in poultry research SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Campylobacter; Gentamicin resistant; Marker C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.; Berrang, M. E.; Bailey, J. S.; Northcutt, J. K.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Fairchild, B. D.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 168 EP 168 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600563 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Savage, EM AF Zhuang, H. Savage, E. M. TI Effect of deboning time and cold storage on water-holding capacity of chicken breast meat SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Chicken Breast; Storage; Water-holding capacity; Drip loss; Cook loss C1 [Zhuang, H.; Savage, E. M.] ARS, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 168 EP 168 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600562 ER PT J AU Roche, AJ Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ Fairchild, BD Siragusa, GR Hinkle, NC AF Roche, A. J. Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. Fairchild, B. D. Siragusa, G. R. Hinkle, N. C. TI Persistence and level of inoculated Salmonella Typhimurium in larval and adult darkling beetles SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Alphitobius diaperinus; Salmonella Typhimurium; Darkling beetles; Lesser mealworm; Broilers C1 [Roche, A. J.; Fairchild, B. D.; Siragusa, G. R.; Hinkle, N. C.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Buhr, R. J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 170 EP 170 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600572 ER PT J AU Everett, DL Corzo, A Dozier, WA Bushong, RD Kidd, MT AF Everett, D. L. Corzo, A. Dozier, W. A., III Bushong, R. D. Kidd, M. T. TI Dietary evaluation of Primalac and amino acid levels in commercial broilers SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Primalac; Broiler; Nutrient density; Amino acid; Breast yield C1 [Everett, D. L.; Corzo, A.; Kidd, M. T.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Bushong, R. D.] Texan Six Consulting Firm, San Angelo, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 171 EP 171 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600575 ER PT J AU Roush, WB AF Roush, W. B. TI Micosoft Excel sensitivity analysis for stochastic and linear program feed formulation SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Sensitivity analysis; Feed formulation; Linear programming; Stochastic programming C1 [Roush, W. B.] USDA ARS Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 87 BP 174 EP 174 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 409XH UT WOS:000263538600587 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM AF Sapers, Gerald M. BE Curic, D TI Contamination of Fresh Produce with Human Pathogens - Sources and Solutions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2008 JOINT CENTRAL EUROPEAN CONGRESS, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Central European Congress of Food/6th Croatian Congress of Food Technologists, Biotechnologists and Nutritionists CY MAY 15-17, 2008 CL Cavtat, CROATIA SP Soc Food Technologists, Biotechnologists & Nutritionists, Univ Zagreb, Fac Tood Technol & biotechnol, Int Inst Refrigerat, European Federat Food Sci & Technol, European Assoc Chem & Mol Sci, Div Food Chem, European Soc Agr Engineers DE Produce; Contamination; Human Pathogens; Interventions; Disinfection ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; IRRIGATION WATER; EFFICACY; LETTUCE; CANTALOUPE; SANITIZER AB In recent years, numerous outbreaks of foodborne illness in the U.S. have been attributed to the presence of human pathogens in widely consumed fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. Extensive research has demonstrated that existing methods of cleaning and disinfecting fresh produce are incapable of achieving reductions in pathogen levels sufficient to assure product safety. Since avoidance of contamination may be a better strategy than dependence on decontamination, the focus of this paper is on understanding the contamination process, including recognition of potential contamination sources (water, manure, wind-blown dust, wildlife, human activity) and production, harvesting, packing and processing practices that increase the risk of contamination. The vulnerability to contamination of specific commodities, such as salad greens, tomatoes, cantaloupes, and apples, which have a history of association with foodborne illness, is examined, and gaps in our understanding of produce contamination are identified. Finally, the outlook for improved interventions to reduce the risk of produce is discussed. C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sapers, GM (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Gerald.Supers@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROATIAN CHAMBER ECONOMY PI ZAGREB PA ROOSEVELTOV TRG 2, ZAGREB, HR 0000, CROATIA BN 978-953-6207-88-6 PY 2008 BP 9 EP 15 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BKT50 UT WOS:000269184700001 ER PT S AU Pusey, PL Smith, TJ AF Pusey, P. L. Smith, T. J. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Susceptibility of apple hypanthium to Erwinia amylovora in relation to flower age and Cougarblight model SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE fire blight; Malus; risk assessment; Maryblyt; nectarthode ID FIRE-BLIGHT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INFECTION; PEAR; COLONIZATION; ANTAGONISTS; BLOSSOMS; GROWTH; NECTAR AB Fire blight risk in the northwestern United States is widely determined with the Cougarblight model, involving a 4-day temperature evaluation developed on the assumption that flower stigmas support growth of E. amylovora for only a few days. Studies relating flower age to stigma receptiveness to bacteria did not offer a satisfactory explanation for the effectiveness of the model, and thus, the relation of flower age to hypanthial infection was investigated. Direct inoculations of flower hypanthia of various ages were performed with detached crab apple flowers in the laboratory and with Gala apple flowers in the orchard in 2005 and 2006. In both environments, disease incidence decreased with flower age. Rate of declining susceptibility was dependent on temperature in the laboratory. Regression analysis of orchard data indicated an inoculum dose effect, with steepest decline of susceptibility occurring during the initial days after petal expansion. In 2005 when conditions were most favorable for disease, the pathogen level of 10(4) CFU (representing a maximum population due to wetting of a few hours according to laboratory tests) caused a disease incidence that decreased from 40 to 18% for flowers 0 to 4 days old and from 12 to 9% for flowers 5 to 8 days old. Cougarblight and other models now incorporating a blossom-age component (e.g., Maryblyt(TM)) may be explained by multiple factors. Our general understanding is that high temperatures during bloom allow E. amylovora to reach maximal levels of population on stigmas within a time period when hypanthia are still highly susceptible to infection upon wetting. Further study of these interrelationships could lead to improvements in fire blight risk assessment. C1 [Pusey, P. L.] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Pusey, PL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 45 EP 51 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500003 ER PT S AU Norelli, JL Bassett, CL Lalli, DA Wisniewski, ME Baldo, AM Farrell, RE Aldwinckle, HS AF Norelli, J. L. Bassett, C. L. Lalli, D. A. Wisniewski, M. E. Baldo, A. M. Farrell, R. E., Jr. Aldwinckle, H. S. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Transcriptional response of Malus to Erwinia amylovora infection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE apple; fire blight; Rosaceae; plant pathogenic bacteria; fruit tree diseases; Gala; suppression subtractive hybridization; expressed sequence tag; EST; gene regulation ID SUPPRESSION SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; DEFENSE RESPONSES; RESISTANCE; EXPRESSION; APPLE; INITIATION; GENES; BASAL AB Suppression subtractive cDNA hybridization (SSH) was used to identify genes that are differentially up- and down-regulated in apples (Malus x domestiea) in response to challenge with Erwinia amylovora (Ea). cDNA libraries were constructed from E. amylovora- and mock-challenged 'Gale Gala' apple leaf tissue at various time intervals after challenge treatment, ranging from 1 to 72 hours post inoculation (hpi) and utilized in SSH. A total of 432 non-redundant Malus ESTs isolated by SSH in response to E. amylovora challenge were characterized by bioinformatic analysis. Many ESTs identified following Ea-challenge of apple were similar to genes previously reported to respond to bacterial challenge in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results indicate that there was a substantial early (1 and 2 hpi) transcriptional response in apple to fire blight disease involving both the down- and up-regulation of host genes. Additionally, genes identified responding to fire blight challenge early (1 and 2 hpi) differed from those identified later (24, 48, 72 hpi) in the infection process. For example, within the defense/stress functional category, ESTs representing several different PR proteins were first detected 48 hpi (up-regulated), whereas earlier defense/stress ESTs were primarily associated with oxidative and osmotic stress. C1 [Norelli, J. L.; Bassett, C. L.; Lalli, D. A.; Wisniewski, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Norelli, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 189 EP 194 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500026 ER PT S AU Lalli, DA Artlip, TS Wisniewski, ME Norelli, JL Farrell, RE AF Lalli, D. A. Artlip, T. S. Wisniewski, M. E. Norelli, J. L. Farrell, R. E., Jr. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Transgenic expression of Erwinia amylovora effectors eop1 and hopC(Ea) in apple SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE type three secretion system; Malus; XVE; fire blight; Rosaceae ID PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; INNATE IMMUNITY; PLANT-DISEASE; BASAL DEFENSE; III EFFECTORS; FIRE BLIGHT; ARABIDOPSIS; RESISTANCE; TRANSFORMATION; VIRULENCE AB Erwinia amylovora (Ea), the causal agent of fire blight, uses a type three secretion system (TTSS) to deliver effector proteins into plant host cells. Once inside the host cell, these effector proteins are thought to be involved with suppressing host defense responses, redirecting normal host metabolism to facilitate pathogen multiplication and initiating cell necrosis. In order to investigate the role of individual bacterial effector proteins we have engineered an apple host that transgenically expresses the bacterial effector proteins Eop1 or HOPCEa under the control of an inducible promoter. Each bacterial effector was directionally cloned from Ea 273 into a Gateway compatible entry vector using gene-specific primers that incorporate a Kozak sequence in the 5' end of the effector gene for proper translation in a eukaryotic system and a His tag at the 3' end for protein detection. The cloned bacterial effector genes were subsequently cloned through Gateway technology into a binary vector, pBinPlusARS.XVE. This binary vector incorporates the regulatory elements of the estradiol-induced XVE gene expression system developed by Zuo et al. (2000) and was used in the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple. Transgenic apple lines were confirmed through PCR analysis with effector-specific primers and evaluated for Agrobacteria contamination with virG specific primers. The inducible expression of eop1 and hopC(Ea) in the presence of 25 uM estradiol was evaluated by RT-PCR. A total of 14 transgenic apple lines have been screened to date. Select lines are currently being used to investigate the effect of Eop1 and HOPCEa on host gene expression, bacterial growth and susceptibility in an apple host. Preliminary results indicate that Eop1 facilitates the in planta growth of an Ea TTSS minus mutant, suggesting it is involved with suppressing basal resistance. To date, no effect has been found for HoPCEa on growth of Ea in planta. C1 [Lalli, D. A.; Artlip, T. S.; Wisniewski, M. E.; Norelli, J. L.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Lalli, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 241 EP 245 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500034 ER PT S AU Fazio, G Wan, Y Russo, NL Aldwinckle, HS AF Fazio, G. Wan, Y. Russo, N. L. Aldwinckle, H. S. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Investigation on the inheritance of strain specific resistance to Erwinia amylovora in an apple rootstock segregating population SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE fire blight; disease resistance; apple rootstock ID FIRE BLIGHT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CULTIVARS; MALUS AB Erwinia amylovora is the causative agent of apple rootstock blight. This disease is becoming more important as more susceptible and yet desirable scion cultivars are utilized in production using susceptible rootstocks. Utilization of disease resistant apple rootstocks increases the survivability of young trees infected by fire blight. Previous experiments in our breeding program showed that some apple rootstocks that derive their resistance from Malus x robusta cv. Robusta 5 show differential susceptibility to differentially virulent strains of E. amylovora. The goal of this experiment was to expand knowledge about the inheritance of the differential susceptibility in a mapping progeny of 170 individuals of the cross between apple rootstocks 'Ottawa 3' and 'Robusta 5'. Buds from each individual in the segregating population were grafted onto seedling rootstocks and trained to a single actively growing shoot. The shoots were inoculated at the same time with a differentially virulent strain of E. amylovora, E2002a and a virulent strain, Ea273. The same segregating population is being used to construct a genetic map with the intention of mapping any quantitative trait loci involved in the resistance. The Geneva rootstock breeding program has developed several new rootstocks that exhibit disease resistance to E. amylovora but a few of them have shown some susceptibility to differentially virulent strains. The results from this experiment will help us develop more durable resistance to rootstock fire blight. C1 [Fazio, G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Plant Genet Resources Unit,NYSAES, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Wan, Y.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Wan, Y.] NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Russo, N. L.; Aldwinckle, H. S.] Cornell Univ, NYSAES, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Fazio, G (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Plant Genet Resources Unit,NYSAES, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RI Wan, Yizhen/H-8493-2013 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 331 EP + PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500049 ER PT S AU Forsline, PL Luby, JJ Aldwinckle, HS AF Forsline, P. L. Luby, J. J. Aldwinckle, H. S. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Fire blight incidence on Malus sieversii grown in New York and Minnesota SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE apple; fire blight; Erwinia amylovora; Kazakhstan ID CENTRAL-ASIA; COLLECTION; RESISTANCE AB Malus sieversii (Lebed.), a wild apple species native to Central Asia, has been recognized as the major progenitor of the domestic apple. This investigation summarizes the natural infection by Erwinia amylovora (fire blight) on 2590 M. sieversii seedlings grown as own-rooted trees. At a USDA orchard in Geneva, New York (NY), 1180 seedlings (106 populations) representing germplasm from eight sites in Kazakhstan were planted in 1997 and 1998. At a University of Minnesota (MN) orchard in Excelsior, MN, 1410 seedlings representing 124 populations from two climatically diverse sites in Kazakhstan were planted in 1998. Individuals in each population are half-sibs of each other from seeds collected from the same mother tree of wild M. sieversii. One of the Kazakh sites (site 9) selected for the MN trial was a mesic site at 47 degrees N latitude chosen for its potential for extreme cold hardiness. The other group was collected from site 6, a relatively warm, xeric site. To compare results, 32 of the populations grown in MN were also grown in NY including 10 from site 6 and 22 from site 9. Natural infection by fire blight was recorded annually using a 5-point scale (1 = no infection to 5= very severe). This rating was cumulative over years. In both MN and NY, we observed a 20% greater incidence of fire blight in the trees from Kazakh site 9 than from site 6, with many infected trees dying outright. Populations grown only in NY from the other six Kazakh sites had results similar to those from site 6. Where infection was medium to severe (3-5 rating), we defined seedlings as susceptible. We determined that 535 (45%) of the seedlings grown in NY were rated I or 2 and potentially resistant. To determine if these genotypes were truly resistant, scions from the field trees were grafted to seedling rootstock, and shoot tips of the resulting grafted plants were inoculated in a greenhouse. Of 289 of the genotypes checked to date, nearly 60% of this group that escaped infection in the orchard were resistant. C1 [Forsline, P. L.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Forsline, PL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, 630 WN St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 345 EP 350 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500051 ER PT S AU Postman, JD AF Postman, J. D. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI The USDA quince and pear genebank in Oregon, a world source of fire blight resistance SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE Cydonia; Pyrus; germplasm; ex situ conservation; breeding; disease resistance AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), has operated a genebank for temperate fruit and nut crops in Corvallis, Oregon since 1981. This facility, the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), is devoted to conservation of many rosaceous species that are potential hosts for fire blight (Erwinia. amylovora (Burrill) Winslow). Globally diverse collections of Amelanchier, Cydonia, Mespilus, Pyrus and Sorbus germplasm have been assembled at the Corvallis genebank. Unique genotypes are maintained as growing plants, evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic traits, tested for virus contamination, documented in a national public germplasm database and freely distributed to international researchers. Seed collections represent wild species populations. The NCGR Cydonia collection includes more than 100 clones and 14 seedlots from 15 countries. Fire blight resistance has not been documented in the Cydonia germplasm; however, many recent introductions from the quince center of origin in central Asia and the trans-Caucasus region have yet to be evaluated. The NCGR Pyrus collection includes 2030 clonal pear accessions and 327 seedlots representing 36 Pyrus taxa from 53 countries. More than 160 pear clones are identified as being highly to moderately resistant to fire blight. Temperatures in western Oregon's Willamette Valley are normally below the threshold necessary for spread of fire blight during Cydonia and Pyrus bloom periods, and the weather is dry in the summer, making NCGR-Corvallis an ideal location to preserve these living germplasm collections for future generations. C1 ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Postman, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 357 EP 362 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500053 ER PT S AU Pusey, PL Rudell, DR Stockwell, VO AF Pusey, P. L. Rudell, D. R. Stockwell, V. O. BE Johnson, KB Stockwell, VO TI Mechanisms of Pantoea agglomerans strain E325 as antagonist of Erwinia amylovora SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON FIRE BLIGHT SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Workshop on Fire Blight CY AUG 12-17, 2007 CL Portland, OR DE fire blight; biological control; Malus; apple; apple stigma ID FIRE BLIGHT; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION; HERBICOLA; AGENTS AB Pantoea agglomerans strain E325, the active ingredient in Bloomtime Biological (TM), was originally isolated from apple blossoms and selected based on broad screening with detached crab apple flowers. To evaluate pH modification on 'Gala' apple stigmas as a possible mode of antagonism, exudates were extracted from flower stigmas and tested with a pH electrode. Measurement of pH in field samples resulted in only slight differences but indicated a low pH range (between 5 and 6) conducive for antibiotic activity based on laboratory assays. An extracellular product of E325 was shown under low-phosphate and low-pH conditions to inhibit Erwinia amylovora but not strains of 17 other microbial species tested so far. A minimum of 20 to 40 ng of the compound, purified using RP-HPLC, caused visible inhibition of the pathogen in plate assays. Inhibition was relatively heat stable and unaffected by amino acids, ferric ions or enzymes previously used to characterize antibiotics from other strains of P. agglomerans. Conversely, activity was critically affected by pH and phosphate buffering capacity. It was deactivated under basic conditions, and at pH 6 and 7, it diminished or disappeared at a rate that increased with the phosphate buffer concentration. The inhibitory activity was often undetectable at phosphate concentrations commonly used in tests for antibiosis. Work is in progress to develop methodology for direct evaluation of pH on flower stigmas and to further characterize the inhibitory compound produced by strain E325. C1 [Pusey, P. L.; Rudell, D. R.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Pusey, PL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-511-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 793 BP 457 EP 460 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIH78 UT WOS:000259569500070 ER PT J AU Kula, RR Zolnerowich, G AF Kula, Robert R. Zolnerowich, Gregory TI Revision of New World Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato (Hymenoptera : Braconidae : Alysiinae), with new species, synonymtes, hosts, and distribution records SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Dacnusini; Hydrellia; Potamogeton; parasitoids ID BLOTCH LEAFMINER DIPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; AGROMYZIDAE AB The New World species of Chaenusa Haliday sensu lato are revised, and a diagnosis is provided for Chaenusa s.l. Four new species from North America, Chaenusa trumani Kula, Chaenusa virgili Kula, Chaenusa whartoni Kula, and Chaenusa woolleyi Kula, and two new species from South America, Chaenusa hirsutissima Kula and Chaenusa ireneae Kula, are described. Chaenusa americana (Riegel), new combination and Chaenusa saxicola (Riegel), new combination are transferred from Chorebidea Viereck. Chaenusa bergi (Riegel), revised combination is returned from Chorebidella Riegel. Chorebidea bessae Riegel is a new synonym of Cha. americana, and Chorebidea mcclurei Riegel is a new synonym of Cha. saxicola. Chaenusa anticostae Riegel and Chaenusa illinae Riegel are new synonyms of Chaenusa quadriceps (Ashmead). Chaenusa americana, Cha. bergi, Chaenusa californica Riegel, Cha. quadriceps, Chaenusa rossi Riegel, and Cha. saxicola, are redescribed. Host and spatiotemporal distribution data are provided, including new host and distribution records. The status of several holotypes is discussed, and a key to the New World species of Chaenusa s.l. is provided. C1 [Kula, Robert R.] USDA, ARS, PSI,Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zolnerowich, Gregory] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Kula, RR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PSI,Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; gregz@ksu.edu NR 31 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 110 IS 1 BP 1 EP 60 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.1 PG 60 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251AL UT WOS:000252342600001 ER PT J AU Nickle, DA AF Nickle, David A. TI Commonly intercepted thrips at US ports-of-entry from Africa, Europe, and the Mediterranean. III. The genus Thrips Linnaeus, 1758 (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE thrips; pests of flowers; Europe; Africa ID KARNY AB A total of 130 species of thrips occurring in Africa, Europe, and the Mediterranean region were intercepted by U.S. agricultural quarantine officers in shipments of plants and cut flowers at the various ports-of-entry in the United States from 1983 to 1999. Of the 24 most intercepted species of thrips encountered by port identifiers during this period, 10 of them were species of the genus Thrips Linnaeus, 1758 (T. tabaci Lindeman, T. fuscipennis (Haliday), T major (Uzel), T. vulgatissimus (Haliday), T. meridionalis (Priesner), T. flavus Schrank, T. atratus (Haliday), T simplex (Morison), T nigropilosus Haliday, and T australis (Bagnall)). This is Part III of a guide to the identification of thrips intercepted from those regions. Included are keys, line drawings, and scanning electron micrographs to help identify the 18 commonly intercepted species of the genus Thrips, characterized by the presence of ctenidia located posteriad of abdominal spiracle VIII. C1 USDA, ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nickle, DA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, Bldg 005,BARC-W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.nickle@ars.usda.gov NR 99 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 110 IS 1 BP 165 EP 185 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.165 PG 21 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251AL UT WOS:000252342600013 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI Donald Morgan Anderson 1930-2005 - Obituary SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Smithsonian Inst, Inst Plant Sci,Nat Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Smithsonian Inst, Inst Plant Sci,Nat Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 110 IS 1 BP 263 EP 264 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-110.1.263 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 251AL UT WOS:000252342600025 ER PT S AU Bryla, DR AF Bryla, D. R. BE Goodwin, I OConnell, MG TI Water requirements of young blueberry plants irrigated by sprinklers, microsprays and drip SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IRRIGATION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Irrigation of Horticultural Crops CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2006 CL Milura, AUSTRALIA DE Vaccinium corymbosum; evapotranspiration; irrigation; plant establishment; soil water content ID GROWTH AB A study was done to determine the effects of irrigation method on water use by young northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. 'Elliott'). Plants were irrigated by overhead sprinkler, microspray, or drip at 50, 100, and 150% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) requirement. Irrigation was applied twice a week by sprinklers and three times per week by microsprays and drip. During the first two years after planting, plants irrigated by drip required only half the water for maximum shoot production as those irrigated by sprinklers or microsprays, using 203 mm (Jul.-Sept.) the first year and 376 mm (Apr.-Sept.) the following year. Overall, shoot dry weight was highest when plants were irrigated at 100% ETc by drip or at 150% ETc by microsprays. The benefit of these two treatments was likely due to higher soil water content and/or higher irrigation frequency, which probably enhanced plant water status over the other treatments. Based on plant responses to water applications, additional water (>150% ETc) may further improve growth with microsprays but does not appear liable to improve it with sprinklers and drip. In fact, irrigation at 150% ETc saturated the soil and significantly reduced shoot dry weight with drip. Further study is underway to determine how these irrigation methods will affect production and water use in mature plants. C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-487-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 792 BP 135 EP 139 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BIH75 UT WOS:000259568100013 ER PT S AU Shellie, K Glenn, DM AF Shellie, K. Glenn, D. M. BE Goodwin, I OConnell, MG TI Wine grape response to kaolin particle film under deficit and well-watered conditions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IRRIGATION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Irrigation of Horticultural Crops CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2006 CL Milura, AUSTRALIA DE stress; leaf water potential; temperature; viticulture; stomatal conductance ID PHYSIOLOGY; QUALITY; APPLE; YIELD AB Kaolin particle film was developed to reduce heat stress and improve water use efficiency in perennial fruit crops. A study was done to determine how the film impacts water relations of wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars 'Viognier' and 'Merlot' grown without rootstock in the high desert region of southwestern Idaho. Vines were either sprayed with kaolin or unsprayed (control) and either well-watered at 100% estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc), or deficit-irrigated at 35% ETc until veraison followed by 70% ETc until harvest. As expected, kaolin reduced leaf temperature under both irrigation regimes. However, a reduction in stomatal conductance and less negative leaf water potential values for kaolin-treated vines were observed only under well-watered conditions. Lack of response to kaolin under deficit water conditions was probably due to a water-stress-induced increase in stomatal closure that was independent of leaf temperature. When leaf temperature difference between kaolin and non-kaolin sprayed leaves was at its daily maximum, deficit-irrigated vines had already reached their minimum or most negative values for stomatal conductance and leaf water potential, but values for well-watered vines had just begun to change. Kaolin had no effect on canopy total light interception, pruning weight, yield, berry titratable acidity or soluble solids concentration, though cluster weight of well-watered, kaolin-sprayed 'Viognier' was larger than well-watered non-kaolin 'Viognier' vines. The leaf water potential of 'Merlot' was more responsive to diurnal changes in vapor pressure deficit than 'Viognier' yet neither showed a response to foliar kaolin application under deficit irrigation. Better understanding of the mechanism by which kaolin film increases water use efficiency will provide insight as to the relative roles of plant hormones, evaporative demand, and plant water status on leaf gas exchange and facilitate determination of its potential for enhancing production efficiency of wine grapes in arid regions. C1 [Shellie, K.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Parma, ID USA. [Glenn, D. M.] Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Dept Agr, Agr Res Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Shellie, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Parma, ID USA. FU Agricultural Research Service; Engelhard Corp, Iselin FX Funds for this research were provided by the Agricultural Research Service and Engelhard Corp, Iselin, N.J. Thanks to Chris Rennaker and Jeff Acock for their technical assistance. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-487-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 792 BP 587 EP + PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Horticulture; Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BIH75 UT WOS:000259568100069 ER PT S AU Aradhya, M Koehmstedt, A Prins, BH Dangl, GS Stover, E AF Aradhya, M. Koehmstedt, A. Prins, B. H. Dangl, G. S. Stover, E. BE GroendijkWilders, N Alexander, C vandenBerg, RG Hetterscheid, WLA TI Genetic Structure, Differentiation, and Phylogeny of the Genus Vitis: Implications for Genetic Conservation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE TAXONOMY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on the Taxonomy of Cultivated Plants CY OCT 15-19, 2007 CL Wageningen, NETHERLANDS DE AFLPs; disjunction; genetic structure; microsatellite; phylogeny; polymorphism; subgenera; taxonomy; Vitis ID FOLIAR FLAVONOIDS; NORTH AB Examination of phylogenetic patterns within Vitis 18 microsatellite markers and AFLPs revealed many affinities differing somewhat from the traditional taxonomic classifications based on morphological criteria. East Asian species from China exhibited significant divergence from the North American group, but some aligned with American species/series. Partitioning of molecular variation suggested a significant amount of total variation (similar to 74%) is accounted for by differences among genotypes within species as compared to among species within series (similar to 17%) and among series within the genus Vitis (similar to 9%). Although significant gene flow was evident at all levels of classification there was reasonable differentiation among species and series. The results suggest that Vitis represents a complex gene pool within which the interplay of local selection, introgression, drift, and reticulate evolution has played a significant role in shaping genetic structure and phylogeny. C1 [Aradhya, M.; Koehmstedt, A.; Prins, B. H.; Stover, E.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Aradhya, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA Germplasm Repository, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM aradhya@ucdavis.edu NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-571-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 799 BP 43 EP 49 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIP79 UT WOS:000261720700004 ER PT S AU Roh, MS Lee, AEK Suh, JK Joung, YH Choi, IY Lee, NS Park, JO Koshioka, M Yeau, SH Slovin, J AF Roh, M. S. Lee, Ae Kyung Suh, Jeung Keun Joung, Young Hee Choi, Ik-Young Lee, Nam Sook Park, Jae Ok Koshioka, M. Yeau, Sung Hee Slovin, J. BE Zhang, D Lee, JM Tao, R TI Evaluation, characterization, and identification of woody landscape plants SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ASIAN PLANTS WITH UNIQUE HORTICULTURAL POTENTIAL SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Symposium on Asian Plants with Unique Horticultural Potential CY AUG 13-19, 2006-2008 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA DE landscape plants; seed germination; polymerase chain reaction; nuclear magnetic imaging; molecular markers ID TEMPERATURE; MARKERS AB The objectives of the Woody Landscape Plants Germplasm Repository (WLPGR) program at the US National Arboretum (USNA) are composed of two parts, repository activities and a research component. Repository activities are to introduce, maintain, and distribute diverse and wild-origin genetic resources of trees and shrubs for landscape use. Research components include evaluation, characterization and identification of germplasm. Seed germination and over-wintering survival problems in Styrax japonicus have been studied. Seeds require one month of warm stratification followed by two to three months of cold stratification to achieve greater than 85% germination within one month of sowing. The viability of Ardisia crenata seeds, which are recalcitrant and viable for about 2 to 4 weeks, can be extended to 15 weeks. Identification of Acer griseum germplasm and of an interspecific hybrid was investigated using RAPD. Characterization of Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestriformis by cpDNA and SSR revealed that the hybrid formula, P. densiflora H P. sylvestris may be appropriate, rather than P. sylvestris var. sylvestriformis. Molecular markers including RAPD, ISSR, and SNP have also been utilized to study Ilex x wandoensis, Prunus including P. yedoensis from wild populations and cultivated sources, and Corylopsis including C. coreana, C. glabrescens, and C. gotoana. A SCAR marker differentiated a subgroup of seedlings from a natural cross of a white berry form of A. crenata with variegated foliage form of A. crenata with red berries. For Camellia, SCAR markers for cold hardiness are being developed to screen progeny of crosses between cold hardy and non-cold hardy lines. C1 [Roh, M. S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-389-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 769 BP 327 EP 338 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BID30 UT WOS:000258525900047 ER PT S AU Havey, MJ McCallum, J Town, CD Jakse, J Shigyo, M AF Havey, M. J. McCallum, J. Town, C. D. Jakse, J. Shigyo, M. BE Oh, D Kubota, C Mitra, SK Park, H Shigyo, M Shahak, Y TI The potential impact of genomes for Allium crop improvement SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CULTIVATION AND UTILIZATION OF ASIAN, SUB-TROPICAL, AND UNDERUTILIZED HORTICULTURAL CROPS SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Cultivtion and Utilization of Asian, Sub-Tropical, and Underutilized Horticultural Crops CY AUG 13-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Korean Soc Horticultural Sci, Agr & Fishery Marketing Corporat, Arg R& D Promot Ctr, Cheonan Pear Horticultural & Agr Cooperat, Daegu Kyungbook Apple Growers Agr, Cooperat Union, Dongmaru Agr Cooperat, Garden Life, Gyeonggi Province, Hankuk Orchard Pole Syst, Horticultural Technol, Hyunmyung Farm, Ihlshin Chem Co Ltd, Iontech Co, J Agro, Korea Rural Comm & Agr Corpat, Korea Agr Mat Ind Assoc, Korea Agr Rockwool Co, Korea Fruit Growers Assoc, Korea Pressed Flower Art Assoc, Korea Res Fdn, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea WG Postharvest Study, Korean Assoc Strawberry Study, Korean Federat Sci & Technol Soc, Korean Flower Res Study, Korean Seed Assoc, Korean Wildflower Res Assoc, Minist Agr & Forestry, Minist Culture & Toursim, Minist Sci & Technol, Minist Gardening, Natl Agr Cooperat Federat, Natl Horticultural Res Inst, Nongsan Trading Co Ltd, Nongwoo Bio Co Ltd, PARU, Pulkkotnala, Rural Dev Adm, Sakata Korea Co Ltd, Samick LMS Co Ltd, Samrange A T I, Scotts Korea, Seminis Korea, Seowon Con Ltd, Seoul Convent & visitors Bureau, Seoul Fruit & Vegetable Co Ltd, SPL, Turfgrass Soc Korea DE onion; garlic; bacterial artificial library; expressed sequence tags ID GENETIC-MAP; EXTENSIVE CONSERVATION; ORTHOLOGOUS REGION; HIGHER-PLANTS; RICE; ONION; MAIZE; DNA; EVOLUTION; CHROMOSOMES AB Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most economically important monocot outside of the grasses and is a member of the family Alliaceae in the order Asparagales. The Asparagales are a monophyletic order sister to the Commelinanae, which carries the grasses, palms, and bananas. These two important groups of monocots separated at least 130 million years ago and show little synteny at the recombinational and sequence levels. Onion differs from the grasses for other important genomic characteristics, including an enormous diploid genome, lower GC content of coding regions, and unique telomeric sequences. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) have proven useful for the development of molecular markers and identification of candidate genes in the Alliums. Sequencing from a variety of cDNA libraries will yield a larger sample of expressed regions in the Allium genomes. Pilot sequencing of onion BACs revealed low gene densities with long tracts of degenerated transposable elements. Reduced representation sequencing of onion genomic DNA will provide sequences that can be compared with ESTs to monitor coverage of expressed regions. Molecular markers can be developed from these genomic and expressed sequences for comparative mapping among the Alliums, as well as marker-facilitated selection. C1 [Havey, M. J.; Jakse, J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Shigyo, Masayoshi/A-3105-2012; OI Shigyo, Masayoshi/0000-0003-4014-6613; Jakse, Jernej/0000-0002-8907-1627 NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-467-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 VL 770 BP 139 EP 146 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIC96 UT WOS:000258490300015 ER PT S AU Slovin, JP Park, S Cohen, JD AF Slovin, J. P. Park, Seijin Cohen, J. D. BE Webster, AD Palta, J Lee, Y Lee, JM TI Strawberry Fruit Protein with a Novel Indole-Acyl Post-Translational Modification SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENDOGENOUS AND EXOGENOUS PLANT BIOREGULATORS SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Endogenous and Exogenous Plant Bioregulators CY AUG 13-19, 2006-2008 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Korean Soc Hort Sci, Agr & Fishery Marketing Corp, Agr R&D Promot Ctr, Cheonan Pear Hort & Agr Cooperat, Daesan Fdn Rural Culture & Soc, Daegu Kyungbook Apple Growers Agr, Cooperat Union, Garden Life, Gyeonggi Prov, Hankuk Orchard Pole Syst, Hantaek Botan Garden, Hort Technol, Ihlshin Chem Co Ltd, Iontech Co, J Agro, Korea Rural Community & Agr Corp, Korea Agr Mat Ind Assoc, Korea Agr Rockwool Co, Korea Fruit Growers Assoc, Korea Pressed Flower Art Assoc, Korea Res Fdn, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea WG Postharvest Study, Korean Assoc Strawberry Study, Korean Federat Sci & Technol Soc, Korean Flower Res Study, Korean Seed Assoc, Korean Wildflower Res Assoc, Minist Agr & Forestry, Minist Culture & Tourism, Minist Sci & Technol, Namdo Gardening, Natl Agr Cooperat Federat, Natl Hort Res Inst, Nongsan Trading Co Ltd, Nongwoo Bio Co Ltd, PARU, Pulkkotnala, Rural Dev Adm, Sakata Korea Co Ltd, Samick LMS Co Ltd, Samrang A T I, Scotts Korea, Seminis Korea, Seowon Co Ltd, Seoul Convent & Visitors Bur, Seoul Fruit & Vegetable Co Ltd, SPL, Turfgrass Soc Korea DE ATP synthase; auxin conjugation; chaperonin; Fragaria; genomics; heat stress protein; IAA protein; proteomics ID IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; IAA; ACID; CONJUGATION; INDUCTION; ACHENE; AUXINS AB Fruit of the diploid strawberry, Fragaria vesca L. 'Yellow Wonder' contain indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) covalently attached to specific strawberry proteins. Protein-conjugated IAA accounts for between 0.4 and 4 ng of LAA per gram fresh weight of tissue in achenes, and in receptacle tissue. Immunoblotting using a specific antibody to [AA-glycine linked to BSA detected IAA proteins in both achenes and receptacles. This antibody detected a single band in receptacle tissue and multiple bands in achenes. Proteins in a broad, immunoreactive, spot from 2D PAGE analysis were previously subjected to in-gel trypsin digestion followed by analysis with LC-MS/MS. Peptide fragment analysis tentatively identified this protein as either a chaperonin related to the hsp60 class of proteins or, alternatively, an ATP-synthase. PAGE of proteins from a developmental series of fruit of the commercially grown octoploid strawberry (F. x ananassa L. 'Ovation') showed that the IAA-protein is more abundant early in fruit development than in mature unripe berries. The same developmental pattern was observed in fruit from the octoploid progenitor species E virginiana L. 'LH50-4', however, the opposite pattern, low in early development but increasing with maturity, was observed in the other octoploid progenitor, F chiloensis 'Scott's Creek'. Immunological analysis of tissue prints indicated that LA-A-proteins are present throughout the cortex and achenes in very young fruit, but are localized in epidermal tissue and achenes in more mature unripe fruit. This IAA modified protein in fruit tissue is the first such protein described with predicted functions related to stress responses and the first IAA protein described in developing and actively growing plant tissues. C1 [Slovin, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Fruit Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West,B010A, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Park, Seijin; Cohen, J. D.] Univ Minnesota, Plant Genom Inst, Dept Hort Sci & Microbial, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Slovin, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Fruit Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West,B010A, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Cohen, Jerry/0000-0003-2816-8676 FU National Science Foundation [10130111530]; Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by a grant fi'oin the National Science Foundation (10130111530), the Gordon and Margaret Bailey Endowment for Environmental Horticulture and by funds from the USDA Agricultural Research Service. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-631-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 774 BP 19 EP + PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIV89 UT WOS:000263223100001 ER PT S AU Bai, C Wood, BW Reilly, CC AF Bai, C. Wood, B. W. Reilly, C. C. BE Palmer, JW TI Insights into the Nutritional Physiology of Nickel SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENHANCING ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF FRUIT PRODUCTION IN A GLOBAL ECONOMY SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Enhancing Economic and Environmental Sustainability of Fruit Production in a Global Economy held at the 27th International Horticultural Congress CY AUG 13-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Korean Soc Hort Sci, Agr & Fishery Marketing Corp, Agr R&D Promot Ctr, Cheonan Pear Hort & Agr Cooperat, Daesan Fdn Rural Culture & Soc, Daesan Fdn Rural Culture & Soc, Cooperat Union, Dongmaru Agr Cooperat, Garden Life, Hankuk Orchard Pole Syst, Hantaek Bot Garden, Hort Technol, Hyunmyung Farm, Ihlshin Chem Co Ltd, Iontech Co, J Agro, Korean Rural Community & Agr Corp, Korea Agr Mat Ind Assoc, Korea Agr Rockwool Co, Korea Fruit Growers Assoc, Korea Pressed Flower Art Assoc, Korea Res Fdn, Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korea WG Postharvest Hort, Korean Assoc Strawberry Study, Korean Federat Sci & Technol Soc, Korean Flower Res Study, Korean Seed Assoc, Korean Wildflower Res Assoc, Minist Agr & Forestry, Minist Culture & Tourism, Minist Sci & Technol, Namdo Gardening, Natl Agr Cooperat Federat, Natl Hort Res Inst, Nongsan Trading Co Ltd, Nongwoo Bio Co Ltd, PARU, Pulkkotnala, Rural Dev Adm, Sakata Korea Co Ltd, Samick LMS Co Ltd, Samrang A T I, Scotts Korea, Seminis Korea, Seowon Co Ltd, Seoul Convent & Visitors Bur, Seoul Fruit & Vegetable Co Ltd, SPL, Turfgrass Soc Korea DE pecan; Carya illinoinensis; urease; ureides; amides; nitrogen; enzymes ID MOUSE-EAR; DEFICIENCY; PECAN AB Nickel (Ni) is essential for plants, yet its physiological role is poorly understood. Ni-deficient and Ni-sufficient pecan [Carja illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] trees were compared regarding the impact of Ni nutritional status on reduced nitrogen (N) forms present in xylem sap at spring bud break. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of xylem sap of Ni-sufficient trees found organic reduced N-forms to be primarily ureides (73%; citrulline > xanthine > ureidoglycolate > allantoic acid approximate to allantoin approximate to uric acid approximate to urea), followed by amide-N (26%; asparagine), and amino-N (1%; tryptamine and beta-phenylethylamine). Nickel deficiency reduced xylem sap concentration of xanthine, asparagine, and beta-phenylethylamine, yet greatly increased citrulline and allantoic acid. These data indicate that pecan is likely a ureide-N transporter and that Ni deficiency potentially disrupts ureide catabolism and urea cycle functionality; thus, potentially disrupting normal N-cycling during early spring when N reserves are being remobilized to sinks. C1 [Bai, C.; Wood, B. W.; Reilly, C. C.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Bai, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-531-5 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 772 BP 365 EP 368 PG 4 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BIO30 UT WOS:000261331900062 ER PT S AU Roh, MS Joung, YH Suh, JK Lee, AK AF Roh, M. S. Joung, Young Hee Suh, Jung Keun Lee, Ae-Kyung BE Criley, RA Lee, JS TI Production of quality woody and floral crops using innovative production techniques SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ORNAMENTALS, NOW! SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ornamentals, Now! CY AUG 03-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA DE fast cropping; new production techniques; landscape plants; geophytes ID TEMPERATURE; HYBRID AB For woody plants, accelerating seed germination by breaking seed dormancy and controlling flowering to bypass the juvenile period is a key to producing a quality plant in the shortest possible time. Germination of mature seeds of Styrax japonicus, as investigated by magnetic resonance imaging, was accelerated and germination percentage was increased with 1 to 2 months of warm stratification followed by 2 to 3 months of cold stratification. However, it required 4 to 5 years to produce quality plants when plants were started from seeds. High quality Styrax plants were produced in 2 years with vegetative propagation. However, over-wintering loss of rooted cuttings was a problem and should be minimized. With Ardisia crenata, flowering plants required 4 to 5 years when started from seeds but less than 2 years were necessary when propagated from rooted cuttings. Traditionally, bulbous crops are forced from large bulbs grown in the field one to two years. Dormancy must be broken to induce flowering with bulb cold/shoot photoperiod treatments in Lilium and high - warm low temperature treatments in Ornithogalum. It would be desirable if the bulb production phase could be bypassed to shorten the total production time. Quality plants of L. longiflorum, L. x elegans, and interspecific hybrids of these two, LA hybrids, were produced from seeds, stem bulbils, or tissue cultured plants, respectively, in a year. Temperature manipulation at the time of floral induction was a key for successful forcing of Lilium. For Ornithogalum thyrsoides, selection of genotypes and combination of optimum concentrations of auxin and cytokinin for in vitro propagation using leaf explants was important to produce quality cut flowers and potted plants in less than a year. C1 [Roh, M. S.] USDA, ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), USDA, ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-156-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 766 BP 29 EP 44 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHS75 UT WOS:000255984300002 ER PT S AU Chang, YCA Albano, JP Miller, WB AF Chang, Yao-Chien Alex Albano, J. P. Miller, W. B. BE Criley, RA Lee, JS TI Oriental hybrid lily cultivars vary in susceptibility to upper leaf necrosis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ORNAMENTALS, NOW! SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ornamentals, Now! CY AUG 03-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA DE leaf tipburn; leaf scorch; calcium deficiency disorder; plant nutrition ID LILIUM STAR-GAZER; CALCIUM-TRANSPORT; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; TIPBURN; GROWTH; TRANSLOCATION; LETTUCE; CABBAGE; PLANTS; LEAVES AB Upper leaf necrosis (ULN) in Oriental hybrid lilies (Lilium L.), commonly observed as leaf tip "burn", is a calcium (Ca) deficiency disorder. In this study, we compared the susceptibility of four cultivars, 'Star Gazer', 'Acapulco', 'Sissi', and 'Alliance', and investigated some calcium nutrition characteristics that may contribute to ULN susceptibility. We found that 'Star Gazer' and 'Acapulco' are susceptible cultivars, 'Sissi' and 'Alliance' are not, and 'Star Gazer' suffers from more severe ULN than 'Acapulco'. At planting, the Ca concentration in the bulb scales was similar in the four cultivars, approximately 0.03% DW. However, the susceptible cultivars had lower initial Ca concentration in leaf primordia than the non-susceptible ones, and the most susceptible 'Star Gazer' had the lowest. Thirty days after planting, leaf Ca concentration was highest (1.01%) in 'Acapulco', with no difference among the other three cultivars (in the range of 0.54-0.65%). During this 30-day period, the net Ca gain from the media in 'Acapulco' was 43 mg/plant, about 60% more than the other cultivars. The results agreed with the observation that 'Acapulco' had the highest transpiration rate. Shoot growth rate in the most susceptible period for ULN (30-40 days after planting) was approximately 0.18 g.day(-1) for 'Star Gazer', 'Acapulco', and 'Sissi', but only 0.09 g.day(-1) for 'Alliance'. Although the low initial Ca concentration in leaf primordia may play a role, it is difficult to isolate a single characteristic to explain the observed cultivar variation to ULN in Oriental hybrid lilies. C1 [Chang, Yao-Chien Alex] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Hort, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Albano, J. P.] ARS USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Miller, W. B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Chang, YCA (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Hort, Taipei 106, Taiwan. FU Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial and material support from the Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, the Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation, the Kenneth Post-Herman Schenkel Memorial Council, USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, and Anthos, Hillegom, The Netherlands. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-156-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 766 BP 433 EP + PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHS75 UT WOS:000255984300057 ER PT S AU Criley, RA Roh, MS Kikuchi, M Manshardt, RM AF Criley, R. A. Roh, M. S. Kikuchi, M. Manshardt, R. M. BE Criley, RA Lee, JS TI A comparison of Gardenia augusta cultivars using isozymes and RAPD markers SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ORNAMENTALS, NOW! SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Ornamentals, Now! CY AUG 03-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA DE cultivar identification; Gardenia brighamii; Gardenia jasminoides; Gardenia manii; Gardenia taitensis; genetic diversity; RAPD marker AB Numerous cultivars of the florist gardenia [Gardenia augusta (L) Merrill. = G jasminoides J. Ellis] exist but there is confusion over naming as a result of different sources that apply different names to their materials. Two studies were conducted with (some) of the same plant materials to determine whether clear distinctions could be made. Comparisons were also made to other Gardenia species available to us. The isozyme study compared polymorphisms in seven enzyme systems in buffered leaf extracts using starch gel electrophoresis. Total genomic DNA was extracted recently matured leaves using the DNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Inc., Valencia, CA, USA) extraction protocol. Nine random 10-mer RAPD primers (Operon Technologies, Alameda, CA, USA) were selected for analyses. Gels were digitally imaged and analyzed to compile a presence/absence matrix. For the isozyme study, phosphoglucomutase (PGM), phos-phoglucoisomerase (PGI), and uridine diphosphoglucopyro-phosphorylase(UDPP) were the only successful enzyme systems to yield clear interpretations for a total of 5 loci, and dendrograms based on Jaccard's or simple matching coefficients of similarity were very comparable. However, the three enzyme systems were not sufficient to uniquely fingerprint all of the G augusta accessions. The RAPD analysis using the nine 10-mer primers showed well-defined (bootstrap values > 80) groups: the G augusta, with subgroupings and the G brighamii and species. Both isozyme and RAPD analyses separated or matched cultivars of G augusta as well as G brighamii and other Gardenia species. Coupled with leaf and floral measurements and morphological descriptions, it is possible to distinguish among commercial florist gardenias in a decisive manner. C1 [Criley, R. A.; Kikuchi, M.; Manshardt, R. M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Plant & Soil Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Roh, M. S.] USDA, ARS, USNA, Floral Plant & Nursery Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Criley, RA (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Plant & Soil Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-156-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 766 BP 461 EP + PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHS75 UT WOS:000255984300062 ER PT S AU Kim, MS Chen, YR Cho, BK Lefcourt, AM Chao, KL Yang, CC AF Kim, M. S. Chen, Yud-Ren Cho, Byoung-Kwan Lefcourt, A. M. Chao, Kuanglin Yang, Chun-Chieh BE Hewett, EW Lurie, S Wunsche, JN TI Online hyperspectral line-scan fluorescence imaging for safety inspection of apples SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE ROLE OF POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY IN THE GLOBALISATION OF HORTICULTURE SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Role of Postharvest Technology in the Globalisation of Horticulture held at the 27th International Horticultural Congress CY AUG 13-19, 2006 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP Korea Soc Hort Sci, Agr & Fishery Marketing Corp, Agr R&D Promot Ctr, Cheonan Pear Hort & Agr Cooperat, Daesan Fdn Rural Culture & Soc, Daegu Kyungbook Apple Growers Agr, Cooperat Union, Dongmaru Agr Cooperat, Garden Life, Gyeonggi Prov, Hankuk Orchard Pole syst, Hantaek Bot Garden, Hort Technol, Hyunmyung Farm, Ihlshin Chem Co Ltd, Iontech co, J Argo, Korea Rural Community & Agr Corp, Korea Agr Mat Ind Assoc, Korea Agr Rockwool Co, Korea Fruit Growers Assoc, Korea Pressed Flowers Art Assoc DE fluorescence imaging; hyperspectral imaging; multispectral imaging; faecal contamination; online inspection; apples ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FECAL CONTAMINATION; AUTOMATED DETECTION; IMAGERY; SYSTEM AB A recently developed fast hyperspectral tine-scan imaging system integrated with a commercial apple-sorting machine was evaluated for rapid detection of animal faeces matter on apples online. Golden Delicious apples obtained from a local orchard were artificially contaminated with thin smear of cow faeces. For the online trial, hyperspectral fluorescence images of 30 contiguous spectral channels from 400 to 700 nm were acquired from samples moving at a processing sorting-line speed of three apples per second. Based on fluorescence ratio as a multispectral image fusion method, a 100% detection rate (118 out of 118 faeces treated apples) with no false positives (0 out of 120 apples, 60 wholesome and 60 apples with defects acquired prior to the faeces treatment) were achieved. C1 [Kim, M. S.; Chen, Yud-Ren; Lefcourt, A. M.; Chao, Kuanglin] USDA ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Instrumentat & Sensing Lab, Powder Mill Rd,Bldg 303,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-309-0 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 768 BP 385 EP 390 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BID72 UT WOS:000258744700050 ER PT S AU McGrath, JM Elawady, A El-Khishin, D Naegele, RP Carr, KM de los Reyes, B AF McGrath, J. Mitchell Elawady, Abla El-Khishin, Dina Naegele, Rachel P. Carr, Kevin M. de los Reyes, Benildo BE Leskovar, DI TI Sugar beet germination: Phenotypic selection and molecular profiling to identify genes involved in abiotic stress response SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SEED, TRANSPLANT AND STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS: TRANSLATING SEED AND SEEDLING PHYSIOLOGY INTO TECHNOLOGY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops CY DEC 03-06, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Texas Water Resource Inst DE bioinformatics; expressed sequence tags; field emergence potential; genomics; salt stress; transcript enrichment ID BETA-VULGARIS L.; SEEDLING GROWTH; SALT TOLERANCE; TABLE BEET; VIGOR; DIVERSITY; CULTIVAR; DNA AB Emergence and stand establishment are critical concerns of sugar beet growers worldwide, and abiotic stresses potentially limit the types of varieties that can be grown productively. This project seeks to develop information that will be useful in selecting and breeding sugar beet for enhanced emergence in saline conditions. We developed a simple bioassay using seeds submerged in salt water to screen 147 germplasm lines for their ability to germinate in 150 mM NaCl as compared with 0.3% H2O2, and used the ratio as a predictor of field emergence potential (FEP). Simultaneously, we surveyed gene expression during salt germination in order to identify potential molecular breeding targets. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) were obtained from 3,119 transcripts of 4-day old seedlings germinated in saline and H2O2 solutions. Results suggest that 1-carbon metabolism is an important process in stress germinating seedlings. Results also indicated that germplasm differs in germination under salt stress, and in at least one germplasm, differential gene expression is observed. Results from the salt germination assay appear to be consistent with tolerance at the whole plant level, at least for some tested lines. This information will allow subsequent breeding and physiological studies on sugar beet salt tolerance, for instance in identifying highly salt tolerant sugarbeet germplasm that could be used to help remediate saline soils. C1 [McGrath, J. Mitchell] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, 494 PSSB, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Elawady, Abla; El-Khishin, Dina] Agr Genet Engn Res Inst, Giza 12619, Egypt. [Naegele, Rachel P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Carr, Kevin M.] Michigan State Univ, Bioinformat Core, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [de los Reyes, Benildo] Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP McGrath, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, 494 PSSB, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU US-Egypt Joint Science and Technology Fund [BIO7-001- 001] FX Sincere thanks are extended to Azeza B ughrara, Shiranee Guna sekera and Teresa Koppin for their technical assistance. This work partially supported by Award BIO7-001- 001: Genomic Markers for Salt Tolerance in Sugar Beets from the US-Egypt Joint Science and Technology Fund. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-059-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 782 BP 35 EP + PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT41 UT WOS:000256223800002 ER PT S AU Wada, S Reed, BM AF Wada, Sugae Reed, Barbara M. BE Leskovar, DI TI Morphological analysis of Rubus seed SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SEED, TRANSPLANT AND STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS: TRANSLATING SEED AND SEEDLING PHYSIOLOGY INTO TECHNOLOGY SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops CY DEC 03-06, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Texas Water Resource Inst DE blackberry; exomorphology; microsculpturing; raspberry; scanning electron microscopy; seed coat; subgenus; SEM; taxonomy; testa ID CRUCIFERAE; ANATOMY; TESTA AB The genus Rubus exhibits morphological diversity and a wide range of reproductive systems and habitats. We examined seed coat ultrastructural morphology of seed accessions of 10 subgenera preserved at the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), Corvallis, Oregon, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images were taken of 56 seed samples collected worldwide. Macromorphological characteristics differed among groups at the subgenus level. Chamaemorus, Cyclactis (except R. saxatilis L.), Idaeobatus, Lampobatus, Malachobatus, and Michranthobatus have similar exomorphic patterns. R. odoratus L. and R. parviflorus Nutt. (subg. Anoplobatus) had a unique hilar end hole. R. saxatilis had seed coat sculpturing inconsistent with its assigned subg. (Cyclactis) and appeared more in common with subg. Idaeobatus. The subg. Rubus and Idaeobatus showed conspicuous patterns of reticulate and rugose surface relief of the outer cell walls. Species belonging to the subg. Rubus had steeper-edged truncate or acute lateral ridges with a wide and protruded raphal region, while Idaeobatus had smoothly curved rounded ridges and raphal region. The two species in subg. Chaniaemorus showed areticulate, finely textured surface with flat or no secondary cell wall protrusion and a ridged raphe. For R. arcticus L., subg. Cyclactis, accessions from three geographical regions had consistent microsculpture patterns. These morphological characteristics of Rubus seed revealed by SEM provide additional information to identify infrageneric levels. C1 [Wada, Sugae] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Ag & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Reed, Barbara M.] USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Wada, S (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Ag & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-059-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 782 BP 67 EP + PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT41 UT WOS:000256223800005 ER PT S AU Makus, DJ AF Makus, D. J. BE Leskovar, DI TI Seed germination methods and establishment of saw-palmetto, Serenoa repens, in South Texas SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SEED, TRANSPLANT AND STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS: TRANSLATING SEED AND SEEDLING PHYSIOLOGY INTO TECHNOLOGY SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops CY DEC 03-06, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Texas Water Resource Inst DE scrub-palmetto; Serenoa serrulata; cultivated medicinal plants; seed stratification; antiprostatitic source AB Saw-palmetto, Serenoa repens, a native of Florida rangelands, and used medicinally in prostate formulations, was evaluated as an alternative crop in semiarid, subtropical South Texas (Lat. 26 degrees 8'N, Long. 97 degrees 57'W). Fresh seeds, obtained from the USDA Plant Introduction Station, Miami, Florida, were sown on 28 Oct. 1999 directly into artificial media after using the following pre-germination protocols: (1) fruit 'as is', (2) seed with mesocarp removed (cleaned seed), (3) seed cleaned and rinsed for 24h then imbibed in water for an additional 24h, (4) seed cleaned and rinsed for 24h + 6h acid scarification, then rinsed in water for an additional 18h, (5) seed cleaned and rinsed for 24h + mechanical abrasion, then imbibed for 24h, (6) seed cleaned and rinsed for 24h + GA(4,7) (100 mu g L-1) soak for an additional 24h, and (7) seed cleaned and rinsed for 24h and a combination of procedures 4 + 5. After 12 weeks, treatments 3 through 7 were, statistically, but not kinetically, similar (50-61 % germination), but higher than simply removing the mesocarp (20%) or planting the unprocessed seed (8%). These seedlings were then grown in a greenhouse until 14 March 2001, pooled, and field planted into a Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Vertic Calciustolls and a Coarse-loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Aridic Haplustalfs soil (USDA). Plants were set at 0.9 in within row spacing, in single 36 m rows, trickle irrigated, and supplied with fertilizer each year. First flowering was observed in 2003. The yield per plant and plant height were 229 and 1007 g and 1.6 and 1.9 m, for 2005 and 2006, respectively, for plants grown in the two respective soils (means were different at P < 0.01). Using the above seed germination protocols, proper site selection, agronomic inputs, control of pests (weeds and wildlife), 3.6 t/ha of seed could be expected from a commercial S. repens planting (3588 plants/ha) by the 6(th) year. C1 USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Makus, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2413 E US Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-059-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 782 BP 381 EP 385 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT41 UT WOS:000256223800048 ER PT S AU Fain, GB Gilliam, CH Sibley, JL Boyer, CR AF Fain, Glenn B. Gilliam, Charles H. Sibley, Jeff L. Boyer, Cheryl R. BE Leskovar, DI TI Establishment of greenhouse-grown Tagetes patula and Petunia xhybrida in 'WholeTree' substrates SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SEED, TRANSPLANT AND STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS: TRANSLATING SEED AND SEEDLING PHYSIOLOGY INTO TECHNOLOGY SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Seed, Transplant and Stand Establishment of Horticultural Crops CY DEC 03-06, 2006 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Soc Hort Sci, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, Texas Water Resource Inst DE media; wood fiber; alternative substrate; peat moss; container-grown; physical properties; Pinus taeda; marigold ID PEAT; FIBER; CROPS AB Rising transportation cost of peat moss from Canada or Europe is negatively affecting the profitability of many greenhouse operators. The industry has recognized a need to explore alternatives to peat for greenhouse substrates. The objective of this research was to evaluate processed whole pine (Pinus taeda) trees (WT) as an alternative growth substrate for greenhouse crops. Studies were conducted at the Southern Horticultural Laboratory (SHL) in Poplarville, MS, USA and Young's Plant Farm (YPF) in Auburn, AL, USA. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was harvested from a 10 year old planted pine plantation in south Mississippi. The entire shoot portion of including needles was processed in several stages to pass a 0.48, 0.64, or 0.95 cm screen. The resulting three WT substrates were used alone or mixed with 20% or 50% (by volume) Canadian sphagnum peat moss (peat) and compared to an industry standard mix of 8:1:1 (by volume) peat:vermiculite:perlite (peat-lite). On 14 April 2006 (20 April 2006 for YPF) 15.2 cm containers were filled and four plugs (288 cell) of either marigold (Tagetes patula 'Little Hero Yellow') or petunia (Petunia xhybrida 'Dreams Pink') were planted into each container. At 34 days after potting (DAP) there were no differences in flower number for marigold. Petunias grown in peat-lite substrate had over twice the number of flowers than observed on plants grown in other substrates. Leaf chlorophyll content was similar for petunia and marigold among all substrates. Regardless of substrate treatment all marigolds were considered marketable at 34 DAP. At 28 DAP, petunias grown in any 100% WT or 4:1 WT:peat substrate were smaller than plants in any 4:1 WT:peat or the peat-lite substrate. At 28 DAP petunia grown in peat-lite substrate were also larger than those grown in any 4:1 WT:peat substrate however all plants were considered marketable. The results of this experiment indicate that whole tree substrates are a potential alternative to conventional greenhouse substrates especially when combined with peat moss. C1 [Fain, Glenn B.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS USA. RP Fain, GB (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-059-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 782 BP 387 EP 393 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT41 UT WOS:000256223800049 ER PT S AU Finn, CE Moore, PP Kempler, C AF Finn, Chad E. Moore, Patrick P. Kempler, Chaim BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Raspberry cultivars: What's new? What's succeeding? Where are breeding programs headed? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE Rubus idaeus L.; red raspberry; Rubus occidentalis; black raspberry AB Breeding programs around the world are facing challenges placed on them by their marketplace, production regions, and funding and are responding by developing cultivars that successfully meet the needs of the marketplace. Since the last review in 2002, there have been at least 36 cultivars released. Some of these cultivars are already becoming "new" standards and complementing or replacing the old standards to serve as the backbone for a thriving red raspberry industry worldwide. In addition to high yields of excellent quality fruit, the objectives that need to be addressed in breeding new cultivars cited by most programs are root rot and Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) resistance. Additional goals mentioned centered around traits based on the use of the fruit, and adaptation to specific local environments. Many programs remain willing to exchange germplasm, with increasing paperwork. An emerging concern with germplasm exchange is the difficulty meeting phytosanitary requirements. C1 [Finn, Chad E.] USDA, ARS, NW Ctr Small Fruit Res, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA, ARS, NW Ctr Small Fruit Res, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300001 ER PT S AU Finn, CE Yorgey, BM Strik, BC Martin, RR AF Finn, Chad E. Yorgey, Brian M. Strik, Bernadine C. Martin, Robert R. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI New USDA-ARS blackberry cultivars bring diversity to the market SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE Rubus ursinus; early season; thornless; trailing blackberry ID THORNLESS TRAILING BLACKBERRY; RUBUS SPP. HYB; EVERGREEN; MARION AB The primary objective of the USDA-ARS breeding program, conducted in cooperation with Oregon State University, has been to develop thornless, machine-harvestable, trailing blackberry (Rubus L.) cultivars with processed fruit quality comparable to the current industry standard 'Marion'. Towards this goal, 'Waldo' was released by the USDA-ARS in 1989 and 'Douglass' was patented and released in 1994 by Mr. Barney Douglass. While these cultivars have many admirable traits, neither has had a significant commercial impact. 'Black Diamond', 'Black Pearl' and 'Nightfall', are recent releases by the USDA-ARS that are thornless, machine harvestable, and have fruit quality comparable to 'Marion' in evaluations by food scientists and by evaluation panels. 'Black Diamond' has already been planted extensively by commercial growers. The USDA-ARS program has had a long germplasm evaluation and development program utilizing Rubus ursinus Chain. & Schldl. One cross of a superior selection of R. ursinus with 'Waldo' produced a selection that is being propagated for commercial release. ORUS 1843-3 combines the outstanding fruit quality of the native R. ursinus with the thornlessness and disease resistance of 'Waldo'. As with the species, the fruit of ORUS 1843-3 are small, similar to 3 g, but since they can be machine harvested, it will be planted to meet specific processing applications that require small fruit. While the bulk of the program is geared towards processing genotypes, Northwest growers are interested increasingly in producing fruit for the fresh market. 'Siskiyou' is an example of a trailing blackberry that has excellent fruit quality and can be shipped in the wholesale fresh market. The recent releases 'Obsidian' and 'Metolius' are extremely early ripening in a climate like the Pacific Northwest, have excellent fruit quality, and can be picked with sufficient firmness to ship in the wholesale fresh market. The recent USDA-ARS releases represent a diversity of new options for commercial growers including thornless, high quality, machine harvested cultivars for processing, a thornless, small fruited cultivar for specific processing niches, and for fresh sales, the earliest ripening blackberries on the market. C1 [Finn, Chad E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA, ARS, HCRL NW Ctr Small Fruit Res, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA, ARS, HCRL NW Ctr Small Fruit Res, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300008 ER PT S AU Reed, BM Hummer, KE Chang, YJ Gupta, S AF Reed, Barbara M. Hummer, Kim E. Chang, Yongjian Gupta, Sandhya BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Medium and long-term storage of Rubus germplasm SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE blackberries; cold storage; cryopreservation; in vitro; raspberries ID SHOOT TIPS; COLD-ACCLIMATION; ENCAPSULATION-DEHYDRATION; APICAL MERISTEMS; LIQUID-NITROGEN; CRYOPRESERVATION; VITRIFICATION; RASPBERRY; SURVIVAL; INVITRO AB The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository at Corvallis, Oregon preserves genetic resources for Rubus. The in vitro collection includes about 200 accessions. In vitro cold storage of these accessions is at 4 degrees C with 12 h of low light. Storage facilities for germplasm collections vary, but one week of cold acclimation followed by 4 degrees C storage in the dark or with a photoperiod is acceptable for most Rubus germplasm when quarterly evaluation inventories are used to determine timing of repropagation. A reduced-nitrogen medium extends room temperature storage to nine months and is a useful alternative for cold sensitive and tropical genotypes which typically only survive for a short time in cold storage. Meristems of 34 cold-acclimated genotypes of Rubus (blackberry and raspberry) were successfully cryopreserved by slow cooling through optimization of cryoprotectants, cooling rates and cold acclimation. Alternating low temperatures as a cold acclimation (CA) treatment improved recovery of shoot tips cryopreserved by slow freezing. The length of the CA required varied from 1 to 10 weeks and was genotype dependent. Cryopreserved Rubus shoot tips produced shoots directly from either apical meristems or axillary buds, but not from callus. Shooting increased and callus formation decreased when IBA was eliminated from the recovery medium. Shoot tips of 25 genotypes in 9 Rubus species were successfully cryopreserved using encapsulation-dehydration with recovery of 60-100%. Four genotypes of 3 species were tested using PVS2 vitrification with 71% average regrowth. A protocol for cryopreservation of Rubus germplasm should include a CA period of 2-10 weeks and recovery on auxin-free medium. These studies confirm that all three cryopreservation protocols may be used for cryopreservation of a wide range of Rubus genetic resources. C1 [Reed, Barbara M.; Hummer, Kim E.] USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 91 EP 97 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300010 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE Reed, BM AF Hummer, Kim E. Reed, Barbara M. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI 'Jeanne' gooseberries SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE Ribes uva-crispa; germplasm release; PI 555830 AB Ribes uva-crispa L. 'Jeanne' is a late-ripening, dark red, dessert gooseberry with an unknown European pedigree. This genotype has been observed for 24 years in Oregon, under the selection numbers O.T. 126, CRIB 11, and PI 555830. It was donated to the USDA ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in 1981, from the Ribes collection maintained by the USDA and Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, in Corvallis, Oregon. Its origin prior to Corvallis is undocumented. 'Jeanne' was named in honor of the late Ms. Cheryl Jeanne Gunning, who worked in the tissue culture laboratory of the NCGR from 1981 to 1985. 'Jeanne' buds break during the last week of March in Corvallis, Oregon. Full bloom occurs in mid- to late-April, about one to two weeks after blooms of R. uva-crispa 'Malling Invicta' or 'Captivator'. The fruit ripens from mid- to late-July, about one week later than the fruit of 'Malling Invicta' or 'Captivator', and is ripe for about one week. The fruit ripens to a deeper red than those of 'Captivator'. The fruit weighed about 5.0 g/berry (7 year average), tended to be smaller than those of 'Malling Invicta', but larger than those of 'Captivator'. The yield from 'Jeanne' is higher than from many other gooseberry plants. The fruit taste is full, sweet, and improved over 'Captivator'. The plant tends to be somewhat spreading, growing to 1.5 m x 1.5 m, and has single, nodal thorns. The leaves and fruits of 'Jeanne' are highly resistant to powdery mildew, caused by Sphaerotheca mors-uva (Schwein). Berk. & Curt. The leaves are also highly resistant to white pine blister rust, caused by Cronartium ribicola Fisher. Damage from aphids (Capitophorus ribis L.) or defoliation from sawflies (Pachynematus spp.) is less severe on 'Jeanne' than in other European gooseberries. Black leaf spot, caused by Drepanopeziza ribis (Kleb.) Hohn, is visible on some leaves in summer, but does not appear to cause plant damage. We recommend this cultivar for home plantings or commercial gooseberry production in the Pacific Northwestern United States and in other temperate climate zones. We expect that this cultivar will be good for organic production because of its pest resistance and very good fruit quality. It could extend the production season of red gooseberries beyond that of 'Captivator'. C1 [Hummer, Kim E.; Reed, Barbara M.] USDA ARS, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 189 EP 192 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300027 ER PT S AU Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE AF Martin, R. R. Tzanetakis, I. E. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Characterization of three novel viruses infecting raspberry SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE double-stranded RNA; raspberry mosaic; Closterovirus; flexivirus; picorna-like virus ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA AB During routine graft indexing at the USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory in Corvallis, Oregon, USA, a 'Glen Clova' plant that originated in Europe, induced severe symptoms on indicator plants causing mottling, epinasty and apical necrosis. Testing for all Rubus viruses with available laboratory based detection tests failed to identify a known virus in the plant. In an effort to determine the causal agent(s) of the symptoms, dsRNA was extracted from the 'Glen Clova' plant and cloned. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of three novel viruses in the plant, temporarily designated as Glen Clova virus -1, -2 and -3 (GC-1, -2, -3). GC-1 is a novel closterovirus with sequence similarity to Citrus tristeza virus, GC-2 is a member of the family Flexiviridae and shares greatest similarity with members of the virus family that infect rosaceous hosts. GC-3, a unique plant virus, belongs to the Dicistroviridae, a family of picorna-like insect viruses and is similar to a virus identified recently in strawberry. RT-PCR based detection protocols have been developed for the three viruses. GC-I has been identified in several raspberry plants from the state of Washington. One of these plants, a yellow raspberry, did not have any other detectable viruses. When leaves from this plant were used to graft R. occidentalis, a standard indicator for most viruses of Rubus, the plant developed mosaic symptoms but not the tip necrosis and epinasty. Testing of the graft and aphid transmissible virus-like agents of Rubus from the UK is currently underway through a collaborative project with colleagues at SCRI in Invergowrie, Scotland. Also, transmission studies are currently underway. C1 [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 317 EP 321 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300047 ER PT S AU Fisher, JR Bruck, DJ AF Fisher, James R. Bruck, Denny J. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Biology and control of root weevils on berry and nursery crops in oregon SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE Otiorhynchus sulcatus; host plants; reproduction; bifenthrin; entomopathogenic fungi ID BLACK VINE WEEVIL; OTIORHYNCHUS-SULCATUS F; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; OVIPOSITION; STRAWBERRY; FECUNDITY; PREFERENCE; PLANTS AB The root weevils, Otiorhynchus sulcatus and Otiorhynchus ovatus, the black vine and strawberry root weevil, respectively, are perennial, ubiquitous pests of berry and nursery crops throughout the world. Recently, we developed a mass rearing system for these pests and now are able to conduct controlled experiments to study their biology and to develop chemical and biological management systems. Here we highlight our findings from these studies. We tested the hypothesis that feeding on multiple hosts may promote reproductive success. We used three hosts: strawberry, rhododendron and birds nest spruce (Picea abies 'Nidiformis) in a permutated array where adults were placed on a host for 15, 30, 45 or 60 days and then moved to another host for the remainder of their lives, or up to 300 days. Strawberry was the best sole host. Birds nest spruce alone, and in combination with other hosts, adversely affected reproductive processes. Some combinations of strawberry and rhododendron appeared to have a 'synergistic' effect when considering egg production. We devised a soil bioassay for screening pesticides or biological agents. In our first studies with the system we tested two formulations of bifenthrin. Granular bifenthrin prevented only the establishment of larvae, whereas the liquid formulation was efficacious on later instars. We have also performed field studies to compare the efficacy of bifenthrin and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in which we observed no significant difference between chemical and fungal treatments. Laboratory bioassays were also performed to access the virulence of M. anisopliae against field collected O. ovatus. The fungus was highly virulent even at the low dose of I X 104 spores per g dry soil. C1 [Fisher, James R.; Bruck, Denny J.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Fisher, JR (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 345 EP 351 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300052 ER PT S AU Cane, JH AF Cane, James H. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI An effective, manageable bee for pollination of Rubus bramble fruits, Osmia aglaia SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE bramble fruits; Rosaceae; pollinator; raspberry; blackberry; Apiformes; Megachilidae AB The non-social cavity-nesting bee Osmia aglaia Sandhouse (Apiformes: Megachilidae) shows promise as a manageable and effective pollinator for commercial raspberries and blackberries (Rubus). Floral visits by honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) or by less numerous caged O. aglaia yielded red raspberries of equivalent size; berries from unvisited caged flowers were significantly smaller. Female O. aglaia readily visited flowers of various blackberry cultivars too. Female foraging behavior on top of a flower's pistils maximizes the chances for pollen transfer to innermost stigmas. The bee readily nests in inexpensive commercial foam nesting substrates modified from those already used for the alfalfa leaf-cutting bee. An affordable, durable nesting shelter and practical support frame has also been field tested. Large nesting populations have been increased in commercial bramble fruits in Oregon USA. Within its range in western Oregon and California USA, this effective native pollinator of Rubus could be a sustainably managed bee for cultivated bramble fruits. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 459 EP 463 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300070 ER PT S AU Bryla, DR Strik, BC AF Bryla, David R. Strik, Bernadine C. BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Do primocanes and floricanes compete for soil water in blackberry? SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE Rubus spp. hyb; alternate-year production; crop evapotranspiration; irrigation; plant water potential AB A study was done to determine the hydraulic relationship between primocanes and floricanes in 'Marion' trailing blackberry and to identify any water limitations to plant and fruit development during alternate-year (biennial) production. Irrigation was applied weekly by drip and scheduled as needed to replace 100% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration (ET) requirements. On any given day, primocane water potential, measured using a pressure chamber, was nearly identical between 'on-year' (floricanes and primocanes present) and 'off-year' (only primocanes present) plants. Floricane water potential, on the other hand, was consistently lower (by 0.3-0.6 MPa) than primocane water potential throughout the fruiting season, especially during midsummer when crop water demands was high. Water potential was significantly correlated to evaporative water demands (expressed as reference ET) in both cane types, and when normalized to atmospheric conditions, remained nearly constant between irrigations. Such constant water potentials indicate that plant water status was not limited by soil water availability and hence would probably not benefit from extra or more frequent irrigation. However, based on different water potentials between cane types, it appears that primocanes and floricanes are hydraulically independent and therefore may compete for water in dry soil conditions. C1 [Bryla, David R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 477 EP 482 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300073 ER PT S AU Moore, PP Perkins-Veazie, P Weber, CA Howard, L AF Moore, Patrick P. Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Weber, Courtney A. Howard, Luke BE Banados, P Dale, A TI Environmental effect on antioxidant content of ten raspberry cultivars SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH INTERNATIONAL RUBUS AND RIBES SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Rubus and Ribes Symposium CY NOV 30-DEC 07, 2005 CL Pucon, CHILE SP Pontifical Univ Catholic Chile, Fac Agronom & Ingenier Forestal DE phenolics; anthocyanin; germplasm ID PHENOLIC CONTENT; EXTRACTS; RUBUS AB Ten red raspberry cultivars grown in New York and Washington were harvested in 2002 and 2003 and analyzed for fruit composition and antioxidant content. The contributions of production environment and year were compared to genetic variability. Fruit were frozen, pureed and seeds removed prior to analysis. Fruit was analyzed for fruit weight, dry weight, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, FRAP and ORAC. There were genotype effects for all variables. There were very large location effects when the data was expressed on a fresh weight basis, but the location effects decreased in significance or were non-significant when expressed on a dry weight basis. There were moderate genotypes x location effects. 'Chilliwack' and 'Comox' had much higher total anthocyanins, total phenolics and antioxidant potential in New York than in Washington. The values for total anthocyanins, total phenolics, ORAC, FRAP, percent dry weight, soluble solids and pH were higher at the New York site than at the Washington site. The values for titratable acidity were similar at each site and fruit weight was smaller at the New York site than the Washington site. C1 [Moore, Patrick P.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Weber, Courtney A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Howard, Luke] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Moore, PP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. FU National Plant Germplasm System (USDA); Washington State University; College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Pullman, WA Agriculture Research Center [0640] FX Partially supported by a National Plant Germplasm System (USDA) grant. Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Pullman, WA Agriculture Research Center, Project No. 0640. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-720-3 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 777 BP 499 EP + PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BHO49 UT WOS:000254834300076 ER PT S AU Stover, E Aradhya, M AF Stover, E. Aradhya, M. BE Leitao, J Neves, MA TI Fig Genetic Resources and Research at the US National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Davis, California SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FIG SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fig CY MAY 16-20, 2005 CL Algarve, PORTUGAL SP Univ Algarve, Int Soc Hort Sci, Assoc Portuguesa Hort, Int Ctr Adv Mediterranean Agron Studies, DRAPALG, FCT, Caixa Geral Depositos, Camara Municipal Faro, Camara Municipal Tavira, Camara Municipal Loule DE Ficus carica; microsatellites ID FICUS-CARICA L.; DIVERSITY AB The National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Davis, California houses most of the Mediterranean-adapted fruit and nut crop collections in the US, including the fig. The NCGR is part of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS). Our missions are to acquire, preserve, characterize and distribute germplasm resources of our designated crops. The NCGR rig collection currently includes 190 different accessions: 78 named fruiting cultivars, 44 regional selections from diverse locations, 40 advanced selections from plant breeders, 28 caprifigs, and a small number of species and hybrids. It is NPGS policy to distribute plant material, free of charge, to research interests around the world (see our website http://www.ars-grin.gov/dav/). We have initiated DNA microsatellite fingerprinting of NCGR rig accessions, and anticipate complete testing of our collection over the next year. Proper identification is a key concern of the NCGR since individual rig cultivars have been widely distributed with many synonyms, and often the same name used for different cultivars. To finalize identification, it will also be necessary to compare fingerprints to "type" material from other collections. The microsatellite information and AFLP data will also make it possible to assess relatedness among fig genotypes, and will facilitate understanding of evolution within the genus Ficus. We are committed to acquiring additional material and are very interested in learning of opportunities, with a special interest in protecting collections which may otherwise be lost. C1 [Stover, E.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Stover, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-561-2 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 798 BP 57 EP 68 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BIP49 UT WOS:000261594100006 ER PT S AU Ravelonandro, M Briard, P Kundu, J Monsion, M Hily, JM Scorza, R AF Ravelonandro, M. Briard, P. Kundu, J. Monsion, M. Hily, J. M. Scorza, R. BE Caglayan, K Ertunc, F TI Silencing in Prunus: A natural defense developed by woody fruit trees in response to virus infection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTIETH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS - FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY MAY 22-26, 2006 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP TUBITAK, Ankara Univ, Biotechnol Inst, Turkish Phytopathol Soc, Bioreba, Loewe, Durviz, Apricot Agr Sale Cooperat Union, Parlakyildiz Daphne Soap Co, Teknopol DE silencing; Prunus domestica; transgenics; sharka virus; resistance ID PLUM-POX-VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN GENE; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL GENE; RESISTANCE; DOMESTICA; PPV; ARMENIACA; APRICOT; RNA; L. AB Transgenic research permits elucidating with relevancy the molecular interactions between the engineered virus gene and plant genome expression. Silencing is among the natural phenomenon involving the natural regulation of endogeneous gene. Recently, Hily et al. (2005) have demonstrated that it represents the basic machinery implied in the blockage of virus spread in transgenic plum C-5. To anticipate the future exploitation of a transgenic plum resistant to Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), greenhouse studies were carried out between 2003-2005 by inoculating more than one hundred plums with the 3 combinations of PPV coexisting with either Ilarviruses (Prune dwarf, PDV and Prunus necrotic ringspot viruses, PNRSV) or Trichovirus (Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, ACLSV). Observations on symptom expression and diverse analyses of virus genome replication elucidate the co-existence of these viruses, the case of uneven distribution of these viruses and the subsequent plant phenotypes. As expected, the resistant plum C-5 can be infected with Ilarviruses and Trichoviruses, but interestingly, their association with PPV did not lead to the resistance breaking of sharka. These are consistent with the lack of PPV RNA detection in C-5 scions, and notably, the molecular detection of siRNA (small interfering RNAs) in leaf samples collected from experiments confirm the specific knock-down of PPV genome replication that is correlated with the phenotypic behaviour of the plum C-5 to sharka disease. C1 [Ravelonandro, M.; Briard, P.; Kundu, J.; Monsion, M.] INRA Bordeaux, UMR Genom Dev Pouvoir Pathogene, Villenave Dornon, France. [Hily, J. M.; Scorza, R.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Ravelonandro, M (reprint author), INRA Bordeaux, UMR Genom Dev Pouvoir Pathogene, Villenave Dornon, France. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-080-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 781 BP 27 EP + PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT34 UT WOS:000256218900001 ER PT S AU Hadidi, A Barba, M AF Hadidi, Ahmed Barba, Marina BE Caglayan, K Ertunc, F TI DNA microarrays: 21(st) century pathogen detection SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTIETH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VIRUS AND VIRUS-LIKE DISEASES OF TEMPERATE FRUIT CROPS - FRUIT TREE DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Symposium on Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops CY MAY 22-26, 2006 CL Antalya, TURKEY SP TUBITAK, Ankara Univ, Biotechnol Inst, Turkish Phytopathol Soc, Bioreba, Loewe, Durviz, Apricot Agr Sale Cooperat Union, Parlakyildiz Daphne Soap Co, Teknopol DE DNA microarrays; detection; diagnostics; identification; pathogens; plant pathogens ID PLANT-VIRUSES; HYBRIDIZATION AB The scientific backgrounds and principles, types and technical aspects of obtaining experimental data for DNA microarrays were described. Utilization of this technology in biological research which includes pathogen detection was also described. Pathogen detection includes human viruses and bacteria in clinical samples, parasites and bacteria in waste water, food-borne pathogens, methanotropic bacteria, animal pathogens in veterinary samples, fish pathogens, human and animal viruses and plant pathogens. The later includes nematodes, fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids and phytoplasmas. C1 [Hadidi, Ahmed] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hadidi, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM in.barba@ispave.it NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-080-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 781 BP 331 EP 339 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BHT34 UT WOS:000256218900048 ER PT S AU Bassil, N Postman, J Hummer, K Lawliss, L Dolan, S AF Bassil, N. Postman, J. Hummer, K. Lawliss, L. Dolan, S. BE Webster, AD Oliveira, CM TI Molecular Fingerprints Identify Historic Pear Trees in Two US National Parks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH INTERNATIONAL PEAR SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Pear Symposium CY MAY 22-26, 2007 CL Peniche, PORTUGAL SP ISHS Sect Pome & Stone Fruits, ISHS WG European & Asian Pears, Camara Municipal Obidos, Camara Municipal Terres Vedras, Camara Municipal Bombarral, Camara Municipal Caldas Rainha, Camara Municipal Alcobaca, Camara Municipal Peniche, Camara Municipal Cadaval, Reg Turismo Oeste, MCTES, Fund Cien Tecnol, Programa AGRO, Bayer CropSci - Emeritus Sponsor, MAFRoda, Credito Agricola, Adubos Deiba, Pessl Instrument Metos, Coopval, Unirocha, Revista Fruits Legumes e Flores DE Pyrus; DNA; microsatellite; SSR ID JAPANESE AB The U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service (NPS), has developed conservation plans for historical orchards within National Park boundaries. Cultivar identification of significant fruit trees is an important part of these plans. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), in Corvallis, Oregon, maintains a genebank of world pear germplasm and uses simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to fingerprint cultivars. These two agencies are collaborating to identify historic pear trees in U.S. National Parks using SSR fingerprints. The San Juan Island National Historical Park (NHP) north of Seattle, Washington, contains several remnant orchards with large surviving European pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees planted in the late 19(th) to early 20(th) centuries. The John Muir National Historic Site (NHS) in Martinez, California, also contains many old pear trees. Young leaf samples were collected from 31, pear trees at San Juan NHP and John Muir NHS in May 2006 and sent to the USDA genebank in Oregon for analysis. DNA was extracted and microsatellite fragments were amplified using 11 SSR primer pairs. Several known pear cultivars were also included that we-re suspected to be identical to NIPS pears or that were available from nurseries at the time these locations were settled. Four pear trees growing at the English Camp at San Juan NHP had SSR fingerprints identical to 'Pound Pear'. Four other San Juan NHP pears were found to be identical to 'Bartlett' and one was identical to 'White Doyenne'. Other pear trees at San Juan NHS were identical to each other but did not match any of the standards. Seven pear trees at John Muir NHS were indistinguishable from 'Bartlett', and two trees were identical to each other but we were unable to match them to the standards. About 20 pear trees remain in an orchard where John Muir was buried in 1915 and are now a part of the National Historic Site. A large tree growing by his gravesite was confirmed as 'Bartlett'. DNA fingerprinting using SSRs is a promising technology for rapid identification of historical fruit trees even when no fruit is present. As additional pear accessions at the USDA genebank become fingerprinted more unknown historical trees will be identifiable. C1 [Bassil, N.; Postman, J.; Hummer, K.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Bassil, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM jpostman@ars-grin.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-611-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 800 BP 417 EP 422 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BIU82 UT WOS:000262964600052 ER PT S AU Postman, JD AF Postman, J. D. BE Webster, AD Oliveira, CM TI World Pyrus Collection at USDA Genebank in Corvallis, Oregon SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XTH INTERNATIONAL PEAR SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Pear Symposium CY MAY 22-26, 2007 CL Peniche, PORTUGAL SP ISHS Sect Pome & Stone Fruits, ISHS WG European & Asian Pears, Camara Municipal Obidos, Camara Municipal Terres Vedras, Camara Municipal Bombarral, Camara Municipal Caldas Rainha, Camara Municipal Alcobaca, Camara Municipal Peniche, Camara Municipal Cadaval, Reg Turismo Oeste, MCTES, Fund Cien Tecnol, Programa AGRO, Bayer CropSci - Emeritus Sponsor, MAFRoda, Credito Agricola, Adubos Deiba, Pessl Instrument Metos, Coopval, Unirocha, Revista Fruits Legumes e Flores DE Pyrus; pear; genebank AB In 1980 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), established a genebank, the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon. This facility is devoted to conservation of temperate fruit and nut crops. A globally diverse collection of Pyrus germplasm has been assembled and expanded over the subsequent 27 years. Unique pear genotypes are maintained as growing plants, evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic traits, tested for virus contamination, documented in a national public germplasm database, and freely distributed to international researchers. Seed collections represent wild Pyrus populations. The Corvallis genebank now maintains 2031 clonal Pyrus accessions and 327 seedlots representing 36 taxa from 53 countries. About 10% of clonal accessions are backed up either in vitro or as cryopreserved meristems. A DNA microsatellite fingerprint database has been initiated. About 75% of the clonal collection has tested negative for common latent viruses. During the past 3 years, on average 775 accessions were distributed annually to researchers around the world. While originally conceived as a working collection for crop improvement, this genebank also provides the raw materials for basic genetic research, and preserves rare species, vulnerable landraces and historic cultivars. The NCGR collection serves as a laboratory and a classroom to promote the preservation of pear genetic diversity for future generations. C1 USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Postman, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA. EM jpostman@ars-grin.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-611-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2008 IS 800 BP 527 EP 533 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BIU82 UT WOS:000262964600069 ER PT J AU Hilker, BL Fukushige, H Hou, C Hildebrand, D AF Hilker, B. L. Fukushige, H. Hou, C. Hildebrand, D. TI Comparison of Bacillus monooxygenase genes for unique fatty acid production SO PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE fatty acids; oxylipins; cytochrome P450s; epoxy ID CLAVIBACTER SP ALA2; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; 2 FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS; SELF-SUFFICIENT; LINOLEIC-ACID; CYTOCHROME P450BM-3; FLAVOCYTOCHROME P450BM3; OXYGEN ACTIVATION; MEGATERIUM ALA2; CONFORMATIONAL DYNAMICS AB This paper reviews Bacillus genes encoding monooxygenase enzymes producing unique fatty acid metabolites. Specifically, it examines standard monooxygenase electron transfer schemes and related domain structures of these fused domain enzymes on route to understanding the observed oxygenase activities. A few crystallographic analyses of the standard bearer enzyme P450(BM-3) are discussed to try to rationalize the common chemistries of this important enzyme family. Detailed P450(BM-3) enzyme activities toward different substrates and the unique substrate-specific primary oxidation products are examined. A few orthologs to the recurring P450(BM-3) enzyme as well as related small single-to-triple nucleotides changed mutants are also discussed. Finally, preliminary data characterizing unique in vivo-based primary and secondary products of a novel ortholog, the ALA2 strain, are presented. This later strain synthesizes several unique multi-oxidized reaction products that require additional study to further understand. It is hoped that a better understanding of these oxygenase reactions, particularly the ALA2 strain, will allow for realistically priced production of target multiple-oxygenated compounds with potential uses as specialty chemicals or as therapeutic agents. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hilker, B. L.; Fukushige, H.; Hildebrand, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hou, C.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hilker, BL (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, 420 Plant Sci Bldg,1405 Vet Dr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM brian.hilker@uky.edu RI Fukushige, Hirotada/B-5926-2008 OI Fukushige, Hirotada/0000-0002-0801-9465 NR 99 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0163-7827 J9 PROG LIPID RES JI Prog. Lipid Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.plipres.2007.09.003 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 260RE UT WOS:000253027100001 PM 17964298 ER PT B AU Winandy, JE Williams, RS Rudie, AW Ross, RJ AF Winandy, J. E. Williams, R. S. Rudie, A. W. Ross, R. J. BE Pickering, KL TI Opportunities for using wood and biofibers for energy, chemical feedstocks, and structural applications SO PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF NATURAL-FIBRE COMPOSITES SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACIDS C1 [Winandy, J. E.; Williams, R. S.; Rudie, A. W.; Ross, R. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Winandy, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jwinandy@fs.fed.us NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978 1 84569 267 4 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2008 BP 330 EP 355 DI 10.1533/9781845694593.2.330 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BOK17 UT WOS:000276886900011 ER PT J AU Wong, D AF Wong, Dominic TI Enzymatic deconstruction of backbone structures of the ramified regions in pectins SO PROTEIN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pectin; homogalacturonan; xylogalacturonan; rhamnogalacturonan; rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase; rhamnogalacturonan lyase; unsaturated rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase; rhamnogalacturonan rhamnohydrolase; rhamnogalacturonan galacturonohydrolase; xylogalacturonan hydrolase; exo-galacturonase ID ASPERGILLUS-ACULEATUS; CELL-WALLS; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; HAIRY REGIONS; XYLOGALACTURONAN HYDROLASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PLANT-CELL; DEGRADE XYLOGALACTURONAN; ARABINOGALACTAN-PROTEINS; PECTINOLYTIC ENZYME AB The pectic enzymes are a diverse group of enzymes that collectively degrade pectin, a mixture of highly heterogeneous and branched polysaccharides rich in D-galacturonic acids forming a major component of the primary cell wall of plants. This review covers key enzymes that function to deconstruct the "ramified region" of pectin. The enzymes include glycoside hydrolases and polysaccharide lyases that degrade complex pectic domains consisting of rhamnogalacturonans, xylogalacturonans, and other heterogeneous polymers. The chemical nature of the pectic substrates for the enzymes is presented. The biochemical properties of the enzymes, the mechanisms of enzyme actions, and related structures and functions, are described. Applications of these enzymes in fruit juice processing and in the production of bioactive compounds, as well as their technological relevance to the deconstruction of cell wall structures for biomass conversion are discussed. C1 [Wong, Dominic] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Wong, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM dwsw@pw.usda.gov NR 79 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1572-3887 J9 PROTEIN J JI Protein J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 30 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s10930-007-9105-0 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 259GB UT WOS:000252926700005 PM 17823855 ER PT J AU Bowling, AJ Vaughn, KC AF Bowling, A. J. Vaughn, K. C. TI Structural and immunocytochemical characterization of the adhesive tendril of Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia [L.] Planch.) SO PROTOPLASMA LA English DT Article DE Parthenocissus quinquefolia; adhesive; tendril; vine; rhamnogalacturonan I; immunocytochemistry ID CELL PLATE FORMATION; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-I; DODDER; MODEL; HOST; BY-2 AB The tendrils of Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) do not coil around their supports. Rather, they adhere to supporting objects by flattening against the support surface and secreting an adhesive compound which firmly glues the tendril to the support. In this study, microscopic and immunocytochemical techniques were utilized to determine the nature of this adhesive. Following touch stimulation, epidermal cells of the tendril elongate toward the support substrate, becoming papillate in morphology. Following contact with the support surface, an adhesive is produced at the base of the papillate cells. The adhesive appears as a highly heterogeneous, raftlike structure and consists of pectinaceous, rhamnogalacturonan (RG) I-reactive components surrounding a callosic core. In addition, more mobile components, composed of arabinogalactans and mucilaginous pectins, intercalate both the support and the tendril, penetrating the tendril to the proximal ends of the papillate cells. Following adherence to the support, the anticlinal walls of the papillate cells are devoid of RG I side-chain reactivity, indicating that extensive debranching of RG I molecules has taken place. Furthermore, a large amount of RG I backbone reactivity was observed in the contact area. These results may indicate that the debranched RG I molecules diffuse into and permeate the contact region, forming an integral part of the adhesive compound. These results indicate that Virginia creeper adheres to objects by a composite adhesive structure consisting of debranched RG 1, callose, and other, less-well characterized mucilaginous pectins and that this structure subsequently becomes lignified and very weather-resistant upon the ultimate senescence of the tendril. C1 [Bowling, A. J.; Vaughn, K. C.] USDA ARS, SWSRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Vaughn, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, SWSRU, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Kevin.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0033-183X J9 PROTOPLASMA JI Protoplasma PY 2008 VL 232 IS 3-4 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1007/s00709-008-0287-x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 314IU UT WOS:000256803900004 PM 18421549 ER PT J AU Briske, DD Derner, JD Brown, JR Fuhlendorf, SD Teague, WR Havstad, KM Gillen, RL Ash, AJ Willms, WD AF Briske, D. D. Derner, J. D. Brown, J. R. Fuhlendorf, S. D. Teague, W. R. Havstad, K. M. Gillen, R. L. Ash, A. J. Willms, W. D. TI Rotational grazing on rangelands: Reconciliation of perception and experimental evidence SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE continuous grazing; domestic herbivores; grazed ecosystems; grazing management; grazing systems; rangeland management ID TILLER DEFOLIATION PATTERNS; TEXAS-EXPERIMENTAL-RANCH; COW-CALF RESPONSE; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SHORT-DURATION; STOCKING RATES; MATOPOS SANDVELD; PATCH DYNAMICS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; VEGETATION RESPONSE AB In spite of overwhelming experimental evidence to the contrary, rotational grazing continues to be promoted and implemented as the only viable grazing strategy. The goals of this synthesis are to 1) reevaluate the complexity, underlying assumptions, and ecological processes of grazed ecosystems, 2) summarize plant and animal production responses to rotational and continuous grazing, 3) characterize the prevailing perceptions influencing the assessment of rotational and continuous grazing, and 4) attempt to direct the profession toward a reconciliation of perceptions advocating support for rotational grazing systems with that of the experimental evidence. The ecological relationships of grazing systems have been reasonably well resolved, at the scales investigated, and a continuation of costly grazing experiments adhering to conventional research protocols will yield little additional information. Plant production was equal or greater in continuous compared to rotational grazing in 87% (20 of 23) of the experiments. Similarly, animal production per head and per area were equal or greater in continuous compared to rotational grazing in 92% (35 of 38) and 84% (27 of 32) of the experiments, respectively. These experimental data demonstrate that a set of potentially effective grazing strategies exist, none of which have unique properties that set one apart from the other in terms of ecological effectiveness. The performance of rangeland grazing strategies are similarly constrained by several ecological variables establishing that differences among them are dependent on the effectiveness of management models, rather than the occurrence of unique ecological phenomena. Continued advocacy for rotational grazing as a superior strategy of grazing on rangelands is founded on perception and anecdotal interpretations, rather than an objective assessment of the vast experimental evidence. We recommend that these evidence-based conclusions be explicitly incorporated into management and policy decisions addressing this predominant land use on rangelands. C1 [Briske, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, TAMU 2138, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Derner, J. D.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stat, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Brown, J. R.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA NRCS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Fuhlendorf, S. D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Teague, W. R.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vernon, TX 76384 USA. [Havstad, K. M.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Gillen, R. L.] Kansas State Univ, Western Kanas Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Ash, A. J.] CSIRO, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. [Willms, W. D.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. RP Briske, DD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, TAMU 2138, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM dbriske@tamu.edu RI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/A-2931-2011; Ash, Andrew/D-5237-2012 OI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/0000-0002-8726-9402; NR 141 TC 147 Z9 157 U1 9 U2 128 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.2111/06-159R.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253AT UT WOS:000252491000001 ER PT J AU Stam, BR Malechek, JC Bartos, DL Bowns, JE Godfrey, EB AF Stam, B. R. Malechek, J. C. Bartos, D. L. Bowns, J. E. Godfrey, E. B. TI Effect of conifer encroachment into aspen stands on understory biomass SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE canopy; Dixie National Forest; Fishlake National Forest; forage; Populus tremuloides ID VEGETATION; OVERSTORY AB Conifers (Picea and Abies spp.) have replaced aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) over much of aspen's historic range in the western United States. We measured the impact of this change upon the production of understory vegetation potentially useful as forage for livestock and wildlife on two southern Utah national forests. A negative exponential relationship between conifer cover and understory biomass was demonstrated as log(biomass) = 6.25 - 0.03787(% conifer), adjusted R-2 = 0.57. Understory production in aspen stands begins to decline under very low levels (10% to 20%) of conifer encroachment. Management implications include loss of forage production capability and wildlife habitat and potential overstocking of livestock grazing allotments if the associated loss of forage is not considered. C1 [Stam, B. R.] Univ Wyoming Cooperat Extens Serv, Thermopolis, WY 82443 USA. [Malechek, J. C.; Godfrey, E. B.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bartos, D. L.] USDA ARS, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Bowns, J. E.] So Univ Utah, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA. RP Stam, BR (reprint author), Univ Wyoming Cooperat Extens Serv, 328 Arapahoe, Thermopolis, WY 82443 USA. EM brstam@uwyo.edu NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 93 EP 97 DI 10.2111/06-156R2.1 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253AT UT WOS:000252491000010 ER PT J AU Perchemlides, KA Muir, PS Hosten, PE AF Perchemlides, Keith A. Muir, Patricia S. Hosten, Paul E. TI Responses of chaparral and oak woodland plant communities to fuel-reduction thinning in southwestern Oregon SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Arctostaphylos; Ceanothus; exotic annual grasses; mastication ID HISTORICAL FIRE REGIMES; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; SEED-GERMINATION; FOREST STRUCTURE; PATTERNS; DISTURBANCE; SUCCESSION; SHRUBLANDS; MANAGEMENT AB Fire suppression has led to large fuel accumulations in many regions of the United States. In response to concerns about associated wildfire hazards, land managers in the western United States are carrying out extensive fuel-reduction thinning programs. Although reductions in cover by woody vegetation seem likely to cause changes in herbaceous communities, few published studies have reported on consequences of such treatments for native or exotic plant species. We compared vegetation and abiotic characteristics between paired thinned and unthinned chaparral and oak woodland communities of southwestern Oregon 4-7 yr posttreatment and contrasted impacts of manual vs. mechanical treatments. Herbaceous cover increased on thinned sites, but species richness did not change. Herbaceous communities at thinned sites had an early postdisturbance type of composition dominated by native annual forbs and exotic annual grasses; cover by annuals was nearly twice as high on treated as on untreated sites. Absolute and proportional cover of native annual forbs increased more than any other trait group, whereas exotic annual forbs and native perennial forbs declined. Exotic annual grass cover (absolute and proportional) increased, whereas cover by native perennial grasses did not. Shrub reestablishment was sparse after thinning, probably because of a lack of fire-stimulated germination. Manual and mechanical treatment impacts on abiotic site conditions differed, but differences in vegetation impacts were not statistically significant. Fuel-reduction thinning may have some unintended negative impacts, including expansion of exotic grasses, reductions in native perennial species cover, persistent domination by annuals, and increased surface fuels. Coupled with sparse tree or shrub regeneration, these alterations suggest that ecological-state changes may occur in treated communities. Such changes might be mitigated by retaining more woody cover than is currently retained, seeding with native perennials after treatment, or other practices; further research is needed to inform management in these ecosystems. C1 [Muir, Patricia S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Perchemlides, Keith A.] USDA Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hosten, Paul E.] Bur Land Management, Medford, OR 97504 USA. RP Muir, PS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM muirp@science.oregonstate.edu NR 68 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 26 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 98 EP 109 DI 10.2111/07-026R1.1 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253AT UT WOS:000252491000011 ER PT J AU Davies, KW AF Davies, Kirk W. TI Medusahead dispersal and establishment in sagebrush steppe plant communities SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE annual grass; containment; invasive plants; invasive plant management; prevention; Taeniatherum caput-medusae; weeds ID MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; HERBICIDES; INVASIONS; FRAMEWORK AB Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) is an invasive annual grass that reduces biodiversity and production of rangelands. To prevent medusahead invasion land managers need to know more about its invasion process. Specifically, they must know about 1) the timing and spatial extent of medusahead seed dispersal and 2) the establishment rates and interactions with plant communities being invaded. The timing and distance medusahead seeds dispersed from invasion fronts were measured using seed traps along 23 35-m transects. Medusahead establishment was evaluated by introducing medusahead at 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 seeds center dot m(-2) at 12 sites. Most medusahead seeds dispersed less than 0.5 m from the invasion front (P < 0.01) and none were captured beyond 2 m. Medusahead seeds dispersed from the parent plants from early July to the end of October. More seeds were trapped in August than in the other months (P < 0.01). Medusahead establishment increased with higher seed introduction rates (P < 0.01). Medusahead density was negatively correlated to tall tussock perennial grass density and positively correlated to annual grass density of the preexisting plant communities (P = 0.02). Medusahead cover was also negatively correlated with tall tussock perennial grass density (P = 0.03). The results suggest that containment barriers around medusahead infestations would only have to be a few meters wide to be effective. This study also suggests that promoting or maintaining tall tussock perennial grass in areas at risk of invasion can reduce the establishment success of medusahead. Tall tussock perennial grass and annual grass density, in combination with soil data, may be useful in predicting susceptibility to medusahead invasion. C1 USDA ARS, E Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, E Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826 A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu NR 29 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 18 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 110 EP 115 DI 10.2111/07-041R2.1 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253AT UT WOS:000252491000012 ER PT J AU Lucero, ME Barrow, JR Osuna, P Reyes, I Dukes, SE AF Lucero, M. E. Barrow, J. R. Osuna, P. Reyes, I. Dukes, S. E. TI Enhancing native grass productivity by cocultivating with endophyte-laden calli SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Atriplex canescens; Bouteloua eriopoda; Sporobolus airoides; Sporobolus cryptandrus ID CANESCENS PURSH NUTT; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; VERTICILLIUM YELLOWS; CHINESE-CABBAGE; SYMBIOSIS; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; LOCOWEED; BARLEY AB The influence native endophytes have on grass establishment and productivity was evaluated by cocultivating Bouteloua eriopoda (Torr.) Torr. (black grama) or Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray (sand dropseed) seedlings with endophyte-laden calli from three of four native grass and shrub species: Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. (fourwing saltbush), S. cryptandrus, Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr. (alkali sacaton), and B. eriopoda in vitro. Following cocultivation, grass seedlings were hardened and transferred to three replicate field plots, each containing 16 grass plants of a single species that had been cocultivated with a single callus species. Plant establishment rates, heights, crown diameters, aboveground biomass, seed yields, and seed quality were compared. In B. eriopoda (black grama), significant increases in plant biomass were not observed. However, early plant heights and crown diameters, establishment rates, and stolon production were higher in some callus treatments. In S. cryptandrus (sand dropseed), all variables were positively influenced by one or more of the endophyte treatments. Biomass increases ranged from 2.5- to threefold over untreated plants, and harvested seed increased 5.9-fold in plants treated with endophytes from A. canescens (fourwing saltbush). Seed quality, determined by purity, germination rates, and tetrazolium assays, did not differ across endophyte treatments for either grass. There is evidence that endophyte transfer is responsible for the altered vigor of treated plants. C1 [Lucero, M. E.; Barrow, J. R.] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Osuna, P.] Univ Autonoma Cd Juarez, Dept Ciencias Basicas, Chihuahua 32310, Mexico. [Reyes, I.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Dukes, S. E.] USDA ARS, So Plains Area Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Lucero, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Box 30003 MSC 3JER,2995 Knox St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM malucero@nmsu.edu NR 29 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 61 IS 1 BP 124 EP 130 DI 10.2111/06-144R3.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253AT UT WOS:000252491000014 ER PT J AU Vogt, JT Wallet, B AF Vogt, James T. Wallet, Bradley TI Feasibility of using template-based and object-based automated detection methods for quantifying black and hybrid imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta and S. invicta x richteri) mounds in aerial digital imagery SO RANGELAND JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE classification ID FORMICIDAE MOUNDS; HYMENOPTERA AB Imported fire ants construct earthen nests ( mounds) that exhibit many characteristics which make them potentially good targets for remote sensing programs, including geographical orientation, topography, and bare soil surrounded by actively growing vegetation. Template-based features and object-based features extracted from aerial multispectral imagery of. re ant infested pastures were used to construct classifiers for automated. re ant mound detection. A classifier constructed using template-based features alone yielded a 79% probability of detection with a corresponding false positive rate of 9%. Addition of object-based features (compactness and symmetry) to the classifier yielded a 79% probability of detection with a corresponding false positive rate of 4%. Maintaining a 79% detection rate when applying the classifier to a second, unique pasture dataset with different seasonal and other environmental factors resulted in a false positive rate of 17.5%. Data demonstrate that automated detection of mounds with classifiers incorporating template-and object-based features is feasible, but it may be necessary to construct unique classifiers on a site-specific basis. C1 [Vogt, James T.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wallet, Bradley] Automated Decis LLC, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Wallet, Bradley] Univ Oklahoma, Coll Earth & Energy, ConocoPhillips Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73109 USA. RP Vogt, JT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, POB 67, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jt.vogt@ars.usda.gov FU Phase I Small Business Innovation Research Grant; United States Department of Agriculture; Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service FX This work was supported by a Phase I Small Business Innovation Research Grant, United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. We thank Mr Steven Coy for expert assistance in the field. Allan Showler and E. Raymond Hunt, Jr. provided many helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AUSTRALIAN RANGELAND SOC PI COTTESLOW PA 54 BROOME ST, COTTESLOW, 6011, AUSTRALIA SN 1036-9872 J9 RANGELAND J JI Rangeland J. PY 2008 VL 30 IS 3 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1071/RJ08007 PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 366JG UT WOS:000260476400003 ER PT J AU Wang, DL Atkinson, S Hoover-Miller, A Shelver, WL Li, QX AF Wang, Dongli Atkinson, Shannon Hoover-Miller, Anne Shelver, Weilin L. Li, Qing X. TI Simultaneous use of gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry - electron capture detection to improve the analysis of bromodiphenyl ethers in biological and environmental samples SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; REDUCTIVE DEBROMINATION; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; HUMAN SERUM; PBDES AB Bromodiphenyl ethers (BDEs) are a class of synthetic flame retardants and are widely present in the environment. Analysis of higher BDE congeners has proven to be a challenge. We report the development of a method that enhances their analysis by splitting the eluent of a gas chromatograph (GC) between an electron capture detector (ECD) and an ion trap mass spectrometer (ITMS): 1:10, ECD:ITMS. This allowed the quantitation of the lower molecular weight (MW) BDE congeners (Br-1-Br-7) with the ITMS and of the higher MW BDEs (Br-8-Br-10) with the highly sensitive ECD. The IT temperature, ionization mode, and MS/MS parameters (excitation amplitude and stability parameter) were optimized. This method took the advantages of the best detector for the different BDE homologues and was suitable for the analysis of BDEs in environmental and biological samples. Average recoveries were 52-112% for BDEs from spiked sand samples and 57-126% from spiked lard samples after accelerated solvent extraction followed by silica gel and alumina column clean-up. Average recoveries ranged from 51% to 130% for C-13-labeled BDEs spiked in the real and in matrix samples. The method detection limits for specific congeners were 0.18-120 pg/g of the BDEs in animal tissue samples, and 0.05-40 pg/g in soil and indoor dust samples. The utility of the method was demonstrated by analyzing actual harbor seal blubber, indoor dust and soil samples. The concentration of each BDE ranged from non-detectable (nd) to 41 ng/g in the dry soil sample, nd to 1042 ng/g in the indoor dust, nd to 15 ng/g wet weight in the Alaskan harbor seal blubber sample, and 0.02 to 11 ng/mu L of the identified 23 of the 42 breakdown products from BDE-209 after zerovalent iron treatment. Finally, an interlaboratory comparison showed high correspondence between the GC/ITMS-ECD method and a GC high-resolution MS system for the analysis of BDEs in soil samples. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wang, Dongli; Li, Qing X.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Atkinson, Shannon; Hoover-Miller, Anne] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99664 USA. [Atkinson, Shannon; Hoover-Miller, Anne] Alaska Sea Life Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99664 USA. [Shelver, Weilin L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Li, QX (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM qingl@hawaii.edu NR 40 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 5 BP 647 EP 656 DI 10.1002/rcm.3410 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 276VV UT WOS:000254172700006 PM 18265429 ER PT S AU Bisson, PA Beechie, TJ Pess, GR AF Bisson, Peter A. Beechie, Timothy J. Pess, George R. BE Nielsen, J Dodson, JJ Friedland, K Hamon, TR Musick, J Verspoor, E TI Reconciling fisheries with conservation in watersheds: Tools for informed decisions SO RECONCILING FISHERIES WITH CONSERVATION, VOLS I AND II SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th World Fisheries Congress CY MAY 02-06, 2004 CL Vancouver, CANADA ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST WATERSHEDS; SALMON; RIVER; RESTORATION; STRATEGIES; PROGRAM C1 [Bisson, Peter A.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM pbisson@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-888569-80-3 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2008 VL 49 BP 1865 EP 1880 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Fisheries; Law; Public Administration SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Government & Law; Public Administration GA BHM33 UT WOS:000254264800152 ER PT S AU Kandala, CVK Naganathan, GK Subbiah, J AF Kandala, C. V. K. Naganathan, G. Konda Subbiah, J. BE Gu, ZH Hanssen, LM TI NIR Reflectance Method to Determine Moisture Content in Food Products SO REFLECTION, SCATTERING, AND DIFFRACTION FROM SURFACES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Reflection, Scattering, and Diffraction from Surfaces CY AUG 11-12, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE peanut kernels; near infrared spectroscopy; moisture content; partial least squares regression; multiple linear regression AB Moisture content (MC) is an important quality factor that is measured and monitored, at various stages of processing and storage, in the food industry. There are some commercial instruments available that use near infrared (NIR) radiation measurements to determine the moisture content of a variety of grain products, such as wheat and corn, with out the need of any sample grinding or preparation. However, to measure the MC of peanuts with these instruments the peanut kernels have to be chopped into smaller pieces and filled into the measuring cell. This is cumbersome, time consuming and destructive. An NIR reflectance method is presented here by which the average MC of about 100 g of whole kernels could be determined rapidly and nondestructively. The MC range of the peanut kernels tested was between 8% and 26%. Initially, NIR reflectance measurements were made at 1 nm intervals in the wave length range of 1000 nm to 1800 nm and the data was modeled using partial least squares regression (PLSR). The predicted values of the samples tested in the above range were compared with the values determined by the standard air-oven method. The predicted values agreed well with the air-oven values with an R 2 value of 0.96 and a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 0.83. Using the PLSR beta coefficients, five key wavelengths were identified and using multiple linear regression (MLR) method MC predictions were made. The R 2 and SEP values of the MLR model were 0.84 and 1.62, respectively. Both methods performed satisfactorily and being rapid, nondestructive, and non-contact, may be suitable for continuous monitoring of MC of grain and peanuts as they move on conveyor belts during their processing. C1 [Kandala, C. V. K.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Kandala, CVK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM chari.kandala@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7285-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 7065 AR 70650U DI 10.1117/12.793267 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BIS51 UT WOS:000262438500020 ER PT S AU Jackson, TJ Shi, JC Tao, J AF Jackson, T. J. Shi, J. C. Tao, J. BE Gao, W Wang, H TI Microwave vegetation indices derived from satellite microwave radiometers SO Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability V SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability CY AUG 13, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, USDA UV-B Monitor & Res Program & Ctr Remote Sensing & Modeling Agr Sustain, Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Eco Lab, Inst Water Resources & Hydropower Res, Water Resources Dept China, Minist Educ E China Normal Univ, Key Lab Geo Informat Sci, Int Ctr Desert Aff - Res Sustainable Dev Arid & Semi Arid Lands DE passive microwave; microwave vegetation indices; AMSR-E ID E LAND OBSERVATIONS; MONITORING VEGETATION; WATER-CONTENT; RADIOFREQUENCY INTERFERENCE; GLOBAL VEGETATION; EMISSION; SURFACES; GHZ AB Vegetation indices are valuable in many fields of geosciences. Conventional, visible-near infrared, indices are often limited by the effects of atmosphere, background soil conditions, and saturation at high levels of vegetation. In this study, the theoretical basis for a new type of passive microwave vegetation indices (MVIs) based on data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) on the Aqua satellite is developed. Numerical simulation results were used to establish relationships of bare soil surface emissivities at different frequencies. Using a radiative transfer model, a linear relationship between the brightness temperatures observed at two adjacent radiometer frequencies can be derived. The intercept and slope of this linear function depend only on the vegetation properties and can be used as vegetation indices. These can be derived from the dual-frequency and dual-polarization satellite measurements Under the assumption that there is no significant impact of the polarization dependence on the vegetation signals. To demonstrate the potential of the new microwave vegetation indices, we compared them with the Normalized Difference of Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived using MODIS at continental and global scales. The results indicate that the MVIs provide a complementary dataset for monitoring global short vegetation and seasonal phenology from space. C1 [Jackson, T. J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jackson, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7303-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 7083 AR 708302 DI 10.1117/12.790529 PG 9 WC Ecology; Remote Sensing SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing GA BIR87 UT WOS:000262362000002 ER PT S AU Kovalev, V Hao, WM Wold, C Newton, J Latham, DJ Petkov, A AF Kovalev, V. Hao, Wei Min Wold, C. Newton, J. Latham, D. J. Petkov, A. BE Hao, WM TI Investigation of optical characteristics and smoke-plume dynamics in the wildfire vicinity with lidar SO REMOTE SENSING OF FIRE: SCIENCE AND APPLICATION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Fire - Science and Application CY AUG 10, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Lidar measurement; smoke particulates; smoke-plume dynamics ID EXTINCTION-COEFFICIENT PROFILE; BACKSCATTER; AEROSOL; DISTORTIONS AB Basic results of a comprehensive investigation of the potential and restrictions of the remote sensing lidar technique in smoke-polluted atmospheres made in the Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory (FSL) are presented. The study is based on the three-year lidar measurements of dynamics and optical characteristics of smoke plumes originated in prescribed bums and wildfires. For the measurements, a mobile two-wavelength scanning lidar was used. The lidar operated in the vertical scanning mode and in a combined vertical-azimuthal mode and provided detailed, range-resolved information on the smoke particulate loading up the distances and heights of 5 - 10 km from the lidar. The lidar was successfully used for the real-time determination of smoke plume dispersion, its top heights, and spatial boundaries. In some cases, the measured smoke plume tops reached heights of more than 8 km above ground level. The lidar measurements close to large wildfires also revealed numerous cases of a multilayered atmosphere with well-defined horizontally stratified smoke layers, generally, at heights between I and 3 km, originating in morning inversions and then sustained by the solar heating of the layers. The time series measurements allowed monitoring of their temporal transformation, including the downdraft transport of the smoke particulates to ground level. Special measurement methodology and data processing techniques for the smoke-polluted atmospheres were developed. This made it possible to obtain accurate vertical profiles of the optical characteristics of the smoke particulates, such as optical depth, and the backscatter and extinction coefficients. C1 [Kovalev, V.; Hao, Wei Min; Wold, C.; Petkov, A.] USDA, Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Kovalev, V (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Hwy 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM vkovalev@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7309-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 7089 AR 708906 DI 10.1117/12.793441 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BIR90 UT WOS:000262362300005 ER PT S AU Urbanski, SP Nordgren, B Hao, WM AF Urbanski, Shawn P. Nordgren, Bryce Hao, Wei Min BE Hao, WM TI Validation of a MODIS direct broadcast burned area mapping algorithm for estimating biomass burning emissions SO REMOTE SENSING OF FIRE: SCIENCE AND APPLICATION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Fire - Science and Application CY AUG 10, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Biomass burning; burned area; wildfire; burn scar; emissions ID FIRES AB Biomass fires emit large amounts of trace gases and aerosols and these emissions are believed to significantly influence the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the earth's climate system. At the Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory (FiSL), a MODIS direct broadcast (DB) receiving station is in place to demonstrate the potential for monitoring biomass burning in near-real-time and predicting the impact of fire emissions on air quality. A burn scar algorithm that combines active fire locations and bum scar detections for near 'real-time' measurement of fire burned areas has been developed at the Missoula FiSL. Daily wildfire burned areas in western US provide crucial input for a prototype fire emissions smoke dispersion forecasting system. C1 [Urbanski, Shawn P.; Nordgren, Bryce; Hao, Wei Min] US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Urbanski, SP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 5775 W US Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7309-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 7089 AR 70890G DI 10.1117/12.795322 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BIR90 UT WOS:000262362300011 ER PT J AU Hart, EJ Pinton, A Powell, A Wall, R King, WA AF Hart, E. J. Pinton, A. Powell, A. Wall, R. King, W. A. TI Meiotic recombination in somatic cell nuclear transfer bulls and their offspring SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hart, E. J.; King, W. A.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Pinton, A.] Natl Vet Sch, Toulouse, France. [Powell, A.; Wall, R.] USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 MA 34 BP 97 EP 98 DI 10.1071/RDv20n1Ab34 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 239XB UT WOS:000251550500046 ER PT J AU Barrows, FT Bellis, D Krogdahl, A Silverstein, JT Herman, EM Sealey, WM Rust, MB Gatlin, DM AF Barrows, Frederic T. Bellis, Diane Krogdahl, Ashild Silverstein, Jeffrey T. Herman, Eliot M. Sealey, Wendy M. Rust, Michael B. Gatlin, Delbert M., III TI Report of the Plant Products in Aquafeed Strategic Planning Workshop: An Integrated, Interdisciplinary Research Roadmap for Increasing Utilization of Plant Feedstuffs in Diets for Carnivorous Fish SO REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; 4 SOYBEAN PRODUCTS; NUTRITIVE-VALUE C1 [Gatlin, Delbert M., III] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] ARS, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID USA. [Bellis, Diane] AgSource Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Krogdahl, Ashild] Norwegian Sch Vet Sci, Aquaculture Prot Ctr, Oslo, Norway. [Silverstein, Jeffrey T.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Coldwater Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Herman, Eliot M.] ARS, USDA, Danforth Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Sealey, Wendy M.] Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID USA. [Rust, Michael B.] US Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Gatlin, DM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM d-gatlin@tamu.edu NR 5 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-1262 J9 REV FISH SCI JI Rev. Fish. Sci. PY 2008 VL 16 IS 4 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1080/10641260802046734 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 366SC UT WOS:000260502700005 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW Johnson, SN Grinev, DV Gregory, PJ AF Mankin, R. W. Johnson, S. N. Grinev, D. V. Gregory, P. J. BE Johnson, SN Murray, PJ TI New Experimental Techniques for Studying Root Herbivores SO ROOT FEEDERS: AN ECOSYSTEM PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SITONA-LEPIDUS COLEOPTERA; MICRO-TOMOGRAPHY; INSECT MOVEMENT; FEEDING CLOVER; WHITE CLOVER; SOIL; CURCULIONIDAE; INFESTATIONS; WIREWORM C1 [Mankin, R. W.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Johnson, S. N.; Gregory, P. J.] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Grinev, D. V.] Univ Abertay Dundee, SIMBIOS Ctr, Dundee DD1 1HG, Scotland. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CMAVE, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Richard.Mankin@ars.usda.gov; Scott.Johnson@scri.ac.uk; d.grinev@abertay.ac.uk; Peter.Gregory@scri.ac.uk; Scott.Johnson@scri.ac.uk RI Johnson, Scott/B-2268-2012; OI Grinev, Dmitry/0000-0001-7222-6138 NR 36 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-461-3 PY 2008 BP 20 EP 32 DI 10.1079/9781845934613.0020 D2 10.1079/9781845934613.0000 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BWD98 UT WOS:000293694500004 ER PT J AU Coyle, DR Mattson, WJ Raffa, KF AF Coyle, D. R. Mattson, W. J. Raffa, K. F. BE Johnson, SN Murray, PJ TI Invasive Root-feeding Insects in Natural Forest Ecosystems of North America SO ROOT FEEDERS: AN ECOSYSTEM PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; GREAT-LAKES REGION; UNITED-STATES; OTIORHYNCHUS-SULCATUS; WEEVILS COLEOPTERA; TEMPERATE FORESTS; SOIL RESPIRATION; HARDWOOD FORESTS; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; PHYLLOBIUS-OBLONGUS C1 [Coyle, D. R.; Raffa, K. F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Russell Labs 345, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mattson, W. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Coyle, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Russell Labs 345, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dcoyle@entomology.wisc.edu; wmattson@fs.fed.us; raffa@entomology.wisc.edu RI Johnson, Scott/B-2268-2012 NR 90 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-461-3 PY 2008 BP 134 EP 149 DI 10.1079/9781845934613.0134 D2 10.1079/9781845934613.0000 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BWD98 UT WOS:000293694500010 ER PT J AU Magarey, RD Borchert, DM Schlegel, JW AF Magarey, Roger D. Borchert, Daniel M. Schlegel, Jay W. TI GLOBAL PLANT HARDINESS ZONES FOR PHYTOSANITARY RISK ANALYSIS SO SCIENTIA AGRICOLA LA English DT Article DE climate; plant diseases; minimum temperature ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; CANADA; DATABASE; MODELS AB Plant hardiness zones are widely used for selection of perennial plants and for phytosanitary risk analysis. The most widely used definition of plant hardiness zones (United States Department of Agriculture National Arboretum) is based on average annual extreme minimum temperature. There is a need for a global plant hardiness map to standardize the comparison of zones for phytosanitary risk analysis. Two data sets were used to create global hardiness zones: i) Climate Research Unit (CRU) 1973-2002 monthly data set; and ii) the Daily Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN). The CRU monthly data set was downscaled to five-minute resolution and a cubic spline was used to convert the monthly values into daily values. The GHCN data were subjected to a number of quality control measures prior to analysis. Least squares regression relationships were developed using GHCN and derived lowest average daily minimum temperature data and average annual extreme minimum temperatures. Error estimate statistics were calculated from the numerical difference between the estimated value for the grid and the station. The mean absolute error for annual extreme minimum temperature was 1.9 degrees C (3.5 degrees F) and 2/3 of the stations were classified into the correct zone. C1 [Magarey, Roger D.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Magarey, Roger D.; Borchert, Daniel M.] USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Schlegel, Jay W.] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA 16823 USA. RP Magarey, RD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, 1730 Varsity Dr,Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM Roger.D.Magarey@aphis.usda.gov FU Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey Program FX We would like to thank Dr. Matthew Royer and the Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey Program for project funding. We thank Dr. Robert Griffin of USDA APHIS CPHST PERAL for reviewing the manuscript. We also appreciate the helpful suggestions of two anonymous reviewers. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV SAO PAOLO PI CERQUERA CESAR PA AV DR ENEAS DE CARVALHO AGUIAR, 419, CERQUERA CESAR, SP 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 0103-9016 J9 SCI AGR JI Sci. Agric. PY 2008 VL 65 BP 54 EP 59 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 402EU UT WOS:000262997800009 ER PT J AU Clement, SL Martin, RC Dombrowski, JE Elberson, LR Kynaston, M Azevedo, MD AF Clement, S. L. Martin, R. C. Dombrowski, J. E. Elberson, L. R. Kynaston, M. Azevedo, M. D. TI Neotyphodium endophytes in tall fescue seed: viability after seed production and prolonged cold storage SO SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOLIUM; FUNGI; TEMPERATURES; GERMINATION; SARDINIA; GRASSES; FESTUCA; TISSUE; ASSAY AB This research quantified frequencies of Neotyphodium-infected (E+) tillers and mature seed from E+ plants of two wild tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire (= Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) accessions from the Mediterranean basin that were stored in the seed bank at the USDA, ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction (PI) Station, Pullman, Washington USA. Tiller-infection levels were high in glasshouse (> 97%) and field (100%) plants of each accession and over 99% of the seed from E+ plant, of both accessions harbored viable Neotyphodium endophyte. Seed germination was either slightly improved (Morocco accession) or not affected (Italy) by endophyte infection. High levels of viable E+ seed were produced by E+ field plants grown under a wide range of ambient temperatures (-27 degrees to 37 degrees C). These collective results suggest that viable endophyte is retained with current seed-regeneration practices at the Pullman PI Station. This study also documented viable Neotyphodium infection frequencies (16-100%) in plants grown from seed of 20 additional Mediterranean tall fescue accessions stored for four to ten years in the Pullman seed bank. For some of these accessions, low post-storage infection frequencies, in comparison with their high initial viability levels, suggested a decline in endophyte viability during seed storage. Additional evidence for diminishing endophyte viability levels in some accessions was provided by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), immunoblot, and microscopic seed assays. C1 [Clement, S. L.; Elberson, L. R.; Kynaston, M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Martin, R. C.; Dombrowski, J. E.; Azevedo, M. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Clement, SL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM slclement@wsu.edu NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU ISTA-INT SEED TESTING ASSOC PI BASSERSDORF PA ZUERICHSTR 50, PO BOX 308, CH-8303 BASSERSDORF, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-0952 J9 SEED SCI TECHNOL JI Seed Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 710 EP 720 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 382ER UT WOS:000261588500020 ER PT B AU Kitchen, SG AF Kitchen, Stanley G. BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Shrublands Under Fire: Disturbance and Recovery in a Changing World SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. RP Kitchen, SG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500001 ER PT B AU Meyer, SE Nelson, DL Clement, S Beckstead, J AF Meyer, Susan E. Nelson, David L. Clement, Suzette Beckstead, Julie BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) Biocontrol Using Indigenous Fungal Pathogens SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID PYRENOPHORA-SEMENIPERDA; USTILAGO-BULLATA; HOST SPECIALIZATION; SEED INFECTION; DOWNY BROME; TILLETIA; GRASSES; METABOLITES AB Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is an exotic winter annual grass weed that has invaded millions of hectares in the Intermountain West. Restoration of cheatgrass-invaded wildlands is generally impractical without some form of cheatgrass control. We are investigating the possibility of manipulating indigenous fungal pathogens that already occur on cheatgrass for short-term biocontrol in conjunction with restoration seedings. Three potential biocontrol organisms have been identified. The head smut pathogen (Ustilago bullata) and the chestnut bunt pathogen (Tilletia fusca) infect at the seedling stage and prevent seed set, while the black-fingers-of-death pathogen (Pyrenophora semeniperda) kills seeds in the seed bank. Both head smut and chestnut bunt pathogen races on cheatgrass are host-specific, whereas black-fingers-of-death is a generalist grass seed pathogen that does not appear to form host-specific races. Inoculation trials with the head smut pathogen yielded high levels of disease only when seedlings emerged at moderate temperatures in fall, whereas the chestnut bunt pathogen infects at near-freezing winter temperatures but requires persistent snow cover for successful infection. The black-fingers-of-death pathogen is most effective at destroying seeds in the carryover seed bank. A combined approach using all three pathogens shows some promise for biocontrol of this troublesome weed. C1 [Meyer, Susan E.; Nelson, David L.; Clement, Suzette] USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. RP Meyer, SE (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. EM smeyer@fs.fed.us NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 61 EP 67 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500008 ER PT B AU Jensen, SL Monsen, SB Fosse, P AF Jensen, Scott L. Monsen, Stephen. B. Fosse, Pat BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Spatial and Temporal Seed Dispersal of Squarrose Knapweed (Centaurea virgata Lam. spp. squarrosa (Willd.) Gugler) in West Central Utah, a Case Study SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv AB This case study documents temporal and spatial squarrose knapweed (Centaurea virgata Lam. spp. squarrosa (Willd.) Gugler) seed dispersal from study sites in central Utah. Felt seed traps were placed along transects extending from sites occupied by squarrose knapweed into adjacent plant communities. Seed dispersal from knapweed plants occurred over an 8-month period. By 1 November 1999,50 and 53 percent of dispersed seed had been recovered at the Knight and Cherry Creek locations respectively. By May, nearly all seed has dispersed from the producing plant. Most seed was deposited and remained within 2 m of the parental plant. C1 [Jensen, Scott L.; Monsen, Stephen. B.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. RP Jensen, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT USA. EM sljensen@fs.fed.us NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 69 EP 72 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500009 ER PT B AU Blank, RR Sforza, R Morgan, T AF Blank, Robert R. Sforza, Rene Morgan, Tye BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Medusahead: Available Soil N and Microbial Communities in Native and Invasive Soils SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID PLANT INVASION; GRASSLAND; NITROGEN AB To better understand why medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) is invasive, we quantified soil N availability and characterized soil microbial communities between native and invasive populations. No consistent differences in soil N mineralization potentials were noted between native medusahead sites in Spain, Turkey, France, and Greece and two invaded sites on the volcanic tablelands of northeastern, California, U.S.A. The proportional makeup of the microbial community, as quantified by phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA), did not differ appreciably between a native site in southern France and one site on the tablelands of northeastern, California sites. Microbial markers indicative of growth phase suggest soils of invasive populations have higher turnover rates than native soil. No useable DNA could be extracted from the native medusahead soil in southern France using bacterial S16 ribosomal DNA. Tablelands soil contained distinct bacterial DNA bands for bacteria that utilize methane and methanol, anaerobically reduce sulfur, catabolize aromatics, for symbiotic relationships with root nodules of legumes. In summary, there is no definitive evidence in the studies carried out to indicate why medusahead is invasive in the Western United States. C1 [Blank, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Reno, NV USA. RP Blank, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weed Res Unit, Reno, NV USA. EM blank@unr.nevada.edu; rsforza@ars-ebcl.org NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500010 ER PT B AU Barrow, JR Lucero, ME Reyes-Vera, I AF Barrow, Jerry R. Lucero, Mary E. Reyes-Vera, Isaac BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Symbiotic Fungi that Influence Vigor, Biomass and Reproductive Potential of Native Bunch Grasses for Remediation of Degraded Semiarid Rangelands SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID ATRIPLEX-CANESCENS; SOUTHWESTERN USA; ROOT ENDOPHYTES; BOUTELOUA AB A steady decline of perennial bunch grasses in arid rangelands has resulted in losses of productivity and germplasm. Remediation is costly and rarely successful. Cryptic symbiotic fungi, structurally integrated with cells and organs of native plants cannot be separated from host plant tissue. However, they were successfully transferred from cell cultures of native plants to other native grasses and tomato. Fungi in recipient plants were heritable and substantially enhanced vigor, biomass and reproductive potential. The transfer of novel fungal symbionts to other native or crop plants may offer an alternative method of improving plant performance without modifying native plant germplasm. C1 [Barrow, Jerry R.; Lucero, Mary E.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA, ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Barrow, JR (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA, ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jbarrow@nmsu.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 83 EP 86 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500012 ER PT B AU Lucero, M Barrow, JR Sedillo, R Osuna-Avila, P Reyes-Vera, I AF Lucero, Mary Barrow, Jerry R. Sedillo, Ruth Osuna-Avila, Pedro Reyes-Vera, Issac BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Genetic Characterization of Uncultured Fungal Endophytes from Bouteloua eriopoda and Atriplex canescens SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; SYMBIOSIS; ROOTS AB Obligate fungal endophytes form cryptic communities in vascular plants that can defy detection and isolation by microscopic examination of reproductive structures. Molecular detection by PCR amplification of fungal DNA sequences alone is insufficient, since target endophyte sequences are unknown and difficult to distinguish from sequences already characterized as plant DNA. We have successfully separated fungal and plant ribosomal DNA sequences by amplifying plant-extracted DNA with polymerase chain reaction, and separating sequences with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The resulting electrophoregrams theoretically produce specific bands unique for each organism present in a plant-endophyte community. This method has successfully identified endophyte sequences in B. eriopoda and A. canescens, and has tracked these endophytes as they are transferred to novel hosts. C1 [Lucero, Mary; Barrow, Jerry R.; Sedillo, Ruth] New Mexico State Univ, ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Lucero, M (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM malucero@nmsu.edu; jbarrow@nmsu.edu; rusedill@nmsu.edu; posuna@uacj.mx; isareyes@jornada.nmsu.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 87 EP 90 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500013 ER PT B AU Pendleton, RL Pendleton, BK Wetherill, KR Griswold, T AF Pendleton, Rosemary L. Pendleton, Burton K. Wetherill, Karen R. Griswold, Terry BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Reproductive Biology of Larrea tridentata: A Preliminary Comparison Between Core Shrubland and Isolated Grassland Plants at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; BEES; HYMENOPTERA; RESOURCE; DESERT; GUILD AB Expansion of diploid creosote shrubs (Larrea tridentata (Sesse & Moc. ex DC.) Coville)) into grassland sites occurs exclusively through seed production. We compared the reproductive biology of Larrea shrubs located in a Chihuahuan desert shrubland with isolated shrubs well-dispersed into the semiarid grasslands at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Specifically, we examined (1) reproductive success on open-pollinated branches, (2) the potential of individual shrubs to self-pollinate, and (3) bee pollinator guild composition at shrubland and grassland sites. Sampling of the bee guild suggests that there are adequate numbers of pollinators at both locations; however, the community composition differs between shrub and grassland sites. More Larrea specialist bee species were found at the shrubland site as compared with the isolated shrubs. Large numbers of generalist bees were found on isolated grassland bushes, but their efficiency in pollinating Larrea is currently unknown. Higher percent seed fill of unbagged, open-pollinated shrubs at the shrubland site, compared with isolated grassland shrubs (76 versus 57 percent) suggests that bee specialists may increase plant pollination success. Isolated grassland shrubs varied greatly in the number of seeds produced in pollinator-exclusion bags, whereas the number of self-pollinated seeds produced by shrubland plants was more uniform. Overall, the difference in seed produced by bagged and unbagged branches of isolated shrubs was much less than the difference produced by plants located at the shrubland site. These trends will be explored in greater detail in future years. C1 [Pendleton, Rosemary L.; Pendleton, Burton K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Pendleton, RL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM rpendleton@fs.fed.us; rpendleton@fs.fed.us NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 131 EP 135 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500019 ER PT B AU Moffet, CA Taylor, JB Booth, DT AF Moffet, Corey A. Taylor, J. Bret Booth, D. Terrance BE Kitchen, SG Pendleton, RL Monaco, TA Vernon, J TI Very Large Scale Aerial (VLSA) Imagery for Assessing Postfire Bitterbrush Recovery SO SHRUBLANDS UNDER FIRE: DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY IN A CHANGING WORLD, PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Shrublands Under Fire - Disturbance and Recovery in A Changing World CY JUN 06-08, 2006 CL Cedar City, UT SP USDA, Forest Serv ID CATTLE; GROWTH; OREGON AB Very large scale aerial (VLSA) imagery is an efficient tool for monitoring bare ground and cover on extensive rangelands. This study was conducted to determine whether VLSA images could be used to detect differences in antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata Pursh DC) cover and density among similar ecological sites with varying postfire recovery periods. In 2005, VLSA images were acquired at 253 points from high bitterbrush potential ecological sites at the USDA-ARS, U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, Dubois, Idaho. For each image, fire history was classified and bitterbrush density and cover were measured. Bitterbrush cover in images with no recorded history of fire during the previous 68 yr (22 percent of all images) was 1.71 percent and density was 875 plant ha(-1). Areas with postfire recovery interval between 10 and 68 yr (60 percentage of all images) had bitterbrush density (587 plant ha(-1)) and cover (1.23 percent) that were not different (alpha = 0.05) from areas with no fire history. Images with postfire recovery interval less than 7 yr (18 percent of all images) exhibited less bitterbrush cover (0.49 percent) and density (263 plant ha(-1)). These results are consistent with other studies of postfire bitterbrush recovery in eastern Idaho and indicate that analysis of VLSA imagery is an effective method for evaluating the impact of fire history on bitterbrush recovery. C1 [Moffet, Corey A.; Taylor, J. Bret] ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. RP Moffet, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID USA. EM cmoffet@pw.ars.usda.gov; Terry.Booth@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 52 BP 161 EP 168 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQY67 UT WOS:000282107500023 ER PT J AU Fejzic, N Haracic, SS Dargatz, DA McCluskey, BJ Cornwell, SM Salman, M Mumford, EL AF Fejzic, Nihad Haracic, Sabina Seric Dargatz, David A. McCluskey, Brian J. Cornwell, Scott M. Salman, Mo Mumford, Elizabeth L. TI Development of an animal health surveillance infrastructure in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Case report SO SLOVENIAN VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bosnia and Herzegovina; veterinary service development AB Since 1996, Bosnia and Herzegovina has made significant efforts to enhance its national veterinary infrastructure in order to improve animal health, public health, and food safety. Many international agencies and donors have invested substantial funds to rebuild the livestock industry which was devastated during the last war (April 1992 - November 1995). There have also been significant efforts to improve veterinary services in the country. However, improvements only became apparent after the State Veterinary Administration for Bosnia and Herzegovina was established in December 2000. Recent World Trade Organization accession negotiations and efforts to comply with Sanitary-Phytosanitary agreement have underscored the need to further address animal health and disease issues at a national level in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Animal Health Economics Center of the Veterinary Faculty in Sarajevo has collaborated with the Animal Population Health Institute of Colorado State University since 2001. Since this cooperation began, many activities have been initiated to develop and establish an effective national veterinary infrastructure. Training programs and technical workshops supported through United States Department of Agriculture funding have been organized in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and topics covered to date include: animal health control programs, surveillance, national disease prioritization, food safety, and the initiation of regional cooperation. National surveillance systems are now being developed and implemented for diseases targeted as a result of a disease prioritization workshop. C1 [Fejzic, Nihad; Haracic, Sabina Seric] Anim Hlth Econ Ctr, Fac Vet, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg. [Dargatz, David A.; McCluskey, Brian J.] USDA, APHIS VS, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Cornwell, Scott M.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Anim Populat Hlth Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mumford, Elizabeth L.] Dept Epidem & Pandem Alert & Response World Hlth, Global Influenza Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Haracic, SS (reprint author), Anim Hlth Econ Ctr, Fac Vet, Zmaja Od Bosne 90, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg. EM sabina_seric@hotmail.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV LJUBLJANA, VETERINARY FACULTY PI LJUBLJANA PA GERBICEVA 60, LJUBLJANA, 1000, SLOVENIA SN 1580-4003 J9 SLOV VET RES JI Slov. Vet. Res. PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 334KP UT WOS:000258221000005 ER PT J AU Rogosic, J Estell, RE Ivankovic, S Kezic, J Razov, J AF Rogosic, J. Estell, R. E. Ivankovic, S. Kezic, J. Razov, J. TI Potential mechanisms to increase shrub intake and performance of small ruminants in mediterranean shrubby ecosystems SO SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE mediterranean shrubs; small ruminants; activated charcoal; calcium hydroxide; polyethylene glycol; saponins; tannins; terpenes ID PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES; TANNIN-CONTAINING LEAVES; COMMON BRUSHTAIL POSSUM; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; CONDENSED TANNINS; ACTIVATED-CHARCOAL; DIET SELECTION; VARIED DIETS; TRICHOSURUS-VULPECULA; CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AB Shrubby vegetation types called "maquis" and "garrigue" are widespread throughout the Mediterranean Basin, including the Adriatic littoral of Croatia. In Croatia and elsewhere, these shrublands represent traditional grazing areas and are a significant source of forage for small ruminants, particularly during the dry summer. Utilization of these Mediterranean shrublands is often limited by secondary compounds that adversely affect forage intake and animal health. Likewise, shrubs containing substantial quantities of secondary compounds dominate and and semiarid rangelands globally. These secondary compounds reduce livestock productivity, cause significant toxicity and abortion problems, and reduce efficiency of use of rangeland shrubs worldwide. Feed additives (e.g., activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and calcium hydroxide) may be useful for enhancing shrub intake through decreased absorption and/or increased elimination of secondary compounds. The biological diversity of Mediterranean maquis vegetation may also positively influence shrub consumption by small ruminants. Consumption of combinations of shrubs containing varied classes of secondary compounds (e.g., tannins and saponins) may lead to complementary chemical interactions within the intestinal tract and/or post-absorption that reduces their toxic effects and/or increase efficiency of detoxification. Although goats consumed more total shrubs than sheep across experiments, both species responded similarly to supplemental charcoal, PEG, and calcium hydroxide. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rogosic, J.; Kezic, J.; Razov, J.] Univ Zadar, Dept Ecol Agron & Aquaculture, Zadar 23000, Croatia. [Estell, R. E.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ivankovic, S.] Univ Mostar, Fac Agron, Dept Anim Nutr, Mostar 88000, Bosnia & Herceg. RP Rogosic, J (reprint author), Univ Zadar, Dept Ecol Agron & Aquaculture, Mihovila Pavlinovica BB, Zadar 23000, Croatia. EM jrogosic@unizd.hr RI Salem, A.Z.M./K-1495-2014 OI Salem, A.Z.M./0000-0001-7418-4170 NR 143 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4488 J9 SMALL RUMINANT RES JI Small Ruminant Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 74 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.07.006 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 242SR UT WOS:000251746700001 ER PT J AU Neill, MA AF Neill, Marguerite A. BE Mayer, KH Pizer, HF TI Food safety in the industrialized world SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DRUG-RESISTANT SALMONELLA; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; FOODBORNE DISEASE; O157-H7 INFECTION; ILLNESS; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE C1 [Neill, Marguerite A.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Neill, Marguerite A.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055714-4 PY 2008 BP 215 EP 240 DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50013-3 PG 26 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFE74 UT WOS:000319510600010 ER PT J AU Mccandless, SR Emery, MR AF Mccandless, Susannah R. Emery, Marla R. TI Partial power, partial knowledge: Accounting for the dis-integration of a Costa Rican cooperative SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE accountability; accounting; coffee production; cooperatives; Costa Rica; Foucault; governance regimes; governmentality; Monteverde; power/knowledge ID GOVERNMENTALITY; HOUSEHOLDS; ECONOMY AB Drawing on the writings of Foucault, we argue that the multiple-service cooperative at the core of a Costa Rican highland municipality failed due to an incomplete transformation from sovereign to governmental regimes at the regional scale. The cooperative challenged sovereign power, held by the local patron and private biological reserves, with a governance model based on the individual as a unit of productivity, principles of democratic participation, and maintenance of social well-being in a market context. The recent institutional disintegration of the cooperative into smaller autonomous organizations stems from the co-op's incomplete enforcement of cooperative codes of accountability in participation and participation in accounting, exacerbated by global-scale factors. The Foucauldian lens illuminates the history of CoopeSantaElena, showing how well-intentioned agents need transparent, enabling structures to shape sustainable trajectories on the economic, social, and biophysical landscape. C1 [Mccandless, Susannah R.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Emery, Marla R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT USA. RP Mccandless, SR (reprint author), Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM smccandless@clarku.edu NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2008 VL 21 IS 4 BP 310 EP 323 DI 10.1080/08941920701857686 PG 14 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 277LU UT WOS:000254214900003 ER PT J AU Cerveny, LK Riley, SJ AF Cerveny, Lee K. Riley, Shawn J. TI Thinking like a manager: Reflections on wildlife management. SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Cerveny, Lee K.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Cerveny, LK (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2008 VL 21 IS 4 BP 363 EP 365 DI 10.1080/08941920801901400 PG 3 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 277LU UT WOS:000254214900007 ER PT J AU McLain, RJ Donoghue, EM Kusel, J Buttolph, L Charnley, S AF McLain, Rebecca J. Donoghue, Ellen M. Kusel, Jonathan Buttolph, Lita Charnley, Susan TI Multiscale socioeconomic assessment across large ecosystems: Lessons from practice SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE community assessment; ecosystem management; socioeconomic assessment; socioeconomic monitoring ID SCALE AB Implementation of ecosystem management projects has created a demand for socioeconomic assessments to predict or evaluate the impacts of ecosystem policies. Social scientists for these assessments face challenges that, while not unique to such projects, are more likely to arise than in smaller scale ones. This article summarizes lessons from our experiences with five socioeconomic assessments associated with ecosystem management projects in the western United States. Progress has been made toward developing appropriate methods to assess socioeconomic conditions at the community level and integrating those data into regional analyses. However, we still lack robust theoretical constructs that link socioeconomic conditions to changes in management policies. Engaging community members, land managers, and policymakers facilitates research and improves the quality of findings. However, inadequate funding and the lack of long-term commitment on the part of natural resource agencies remain key obstacles to integrating socioeconomic assessments into adaptive management efforts. C1 [McLain, Rebecca J.] Inst Culture & Ecol, Portland, OR 97214 USA. [Donoghue, Ellen M.; Charnley, Susan] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Kusel, Jonathan] Sierra Inst Culture & Environm, Taylorsville, CA USA. RP McLain, RJ (reprint author), Inst Culture & Ecol, 727 SE 32nd Ave,POB 6688, Portland, OR 97214 USA. EM mclain@ifcae.org NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2008 VL 21 IS 8 BP 719 EP 728 DI 10.1080/08941920801905179 PG 10 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 338HY UT WOS:000258499200005 ER PT J AU Bengston, DN Schermann, M Moua, M Lee, TT AF Bengston, David N. Schermann, Michele Moua, Maikia Lee, Tou Thai TI Listening to Neglected Voices: Hmong and Public Lands in Minnesota and Wisconsin SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE environmental racism; focus groups; Hmong; Minnesota; public lands; Wisconsin ID FISH CONSUMPTION; UNITED-STATES; REFUGEES AB Natural resource managers need to understand the cultures and concerns of ethnic minority communities in order to serve them effectively. The Hmong are an Asian ethnic group that is heavily involved in natural resource-related activities but has been largely overlooked by social scientists. We conducted a series of five focus groups with Hmong Americans in Minnesota and Wisconsin, exploring their experiences and perspectives on public lands. Our participants revealed deep cultural and personal connections with the natural world and the importance of public lands to many Hmong. But we also heard about profound problems and concerns. Perceptions of racism, discrimination, and harassment from public land managers and other agency personnel, recreationists, and private landowners are common. Participants had many suggestions for improvement and insights regarding the special needs of new refugees who arrived in the United States in recent years. C1 [Bengston, David N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Schermann, Michele; Moua, Maikia; Lee, Tou Thai] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bengston, DN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dbengston@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2008 VL 21 IS 10 BP 876 EP 890 AR PII 905005402 DI 10.1080/08941920701684197 PG 15 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 368GC UT WOS:000260608600002 ER PT J AU Schelhas, J AF Schelhas, John TI Globalization and New Geographies of Conservation SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Book Review AB . C1 [Schelhas, John] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Tuskegee, AL USA. RP Schelhas, J (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Tuskegee, AL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2008 VL 21 IS 10 BP 956 EP 958 AR PII 904992229 DI 10.1080/08941920802347900 PG 3 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 368GC UT WOS:000260608600009 ER PT J AU Woodrow, RJ Shelton, TG Oshiro, RJ Grace, JK Wagner, TL AF Woodrow, R. J. Shelton, T. G. Oshiro, R. J. Grace, J. K. Wagner, T. L. TI Effects of Disturbance-Induced Trauma on Foraging by Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Foraging behavior; Nestmate interactions; Termite ID ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCE; BEHAVIOR; BAIT AB Toxicant baiting systems are effective at population suppression against both the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, and the Eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). However, trap shyness (i.e., station abandonment) is often quoted as a confounding factor affecting their success. We observed that C. formosanus field colonies occasionally abandoned established research field monitors when disturbed. We hypothesized that inadvertent trauma caused by trap disturbance could be a contributing factor to this abandonment phenomenon. We investigated the effects of the presence of physically-traumatized workers and soldiers on the consumption of food sources by C. formosanus and R. flavipes in a laboratory choice assay. Feeding was significantly reduced on food sources in contact with dead termites in laboratory trials with both termite species. Our results suggest that there is a continuum of behavioral interactions with dead nest mates, starting with anti-feedant effects and eventually, abandonment and walling-off of the dead termites and the source of mortality. Baiting protocols need to minimize disturbances that could cause trauma and subsequent avoidance of field monitors and baits. C1 [Woodrow, R. J.; Oshiro, R. J.; Grace, J. K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Shelton, T. G.; Wagner, T. L.] US Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants, USDA, SRS 4552, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Woodrow, RJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Plant & Environm Protect Sci, 3050 Maile Way,Room 310, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM tshelton@fs.fed.us FU USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6615-4-237]; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa FX The authors thank Craig D. Bell and Shawn M. Cooper for expert technical assistance during the course of these studies. The suggestions provided by two anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript greatly and were appreciated. The assistance of Patrick D. Gerard of Clemson University for statistical advice was greatly appreciated. This work was funded in part by USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6615-4-237 (to JKG) and McIntire-Stennis funds administered by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2008 VL 52 IS 1 BP 107 EP 118 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 368RD UT WOS:000260639300010 ER PT J AU Cornelius, ML Osbrink, WLA AF Cornelius, Mary L. Osbrink, Weste L. A. TI Effect of bait supplements on the feeding and tunneling behavior of the formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE feeding; tunneling; attraction; termite baits; wood consumption ID ATTRACTION AB This study examined the effects of water soluble chemicals from an aqueous extract of Summon Preferred Food Source disks and from a sports drink, Gatorade (TM), on the feeding and tunneling behavior of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Both the Summon extract and Gatorade (TM) significantly increased the rate of tunneling in treated sand. The Summon extract had a stronger effect on the rate of tunneling than Gatorade. In both choice and no-choice tests, there was significantly more feeding on wood blocks in the containers with sand moistened with water than in containers with Gatorade (TM)-treated sand. Summon extract-treated sand had no effect on consumption of wood blocks. In experiments where sand was dyed with solutions of Nile Blue A, termites were more likely to become blue when sand was dyed with a Gatorade (TM)/Nile Blue A solution than when sand was dyed with Nile Blue A dissolved in water or in the Summon extract. These results suggest that termites were ingesting the Gatorade (TM), but not the Summon extract. Termites were less likely to feed on wood blocks when sand was treated with Gatorade (TM), presumably because they were able to obtain some nourishment from the Gatorade (TM). Increasing our understanding of how water soluble chemicals influence the foraging behavior of Formosan subterranean termites will enhance our ability to use attractants and feeding stimulants more effectively to improve the efficacy of commercial bait products. C1 [Cornelius, Mary L.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cornelius, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2008 VL 51 IS 2 BP 497 EP 511 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 280IL UT WOS:000254419600015 ER PT J AU Khamraev, AS Kuchkarova, LS Ahmerov, RN Mirzaeva, GC Hanzafarova, NV Bland, JM Abdullaev, II Raina, AK AF Khamraev, A. S. Kuchkarova, L. S. Ahmerov, R. N. Mirzaeva, G. C. Hanzafarova, N. V. Bland, J. M. Abdullaev, I. I. Raina, A. K. TI Trail-following activity in extracts of sternal glands from Anacanthotermes turkestanicus (Isoptera : Hodotermitidae) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Turkestan termite; Anacanthotermes turkestanicus; Isoptera; Hodotermitidae; trail pheromone; sternal glands; bioassays ID TERMITES ISOPTERA; HARVESTER TERMITE; PHEROMONE; RECRUITMENT AB The Turkestan termite Anacanthotermes turkestanicus (Isoptera: Hodotermitidae) is a harvester termite found in the Central Asian region. The workers forage before sunrise or late in the evenings. This termite, like most other termites, has a sternal gland under the 4th sternite that produces a pheromone which evokes trail following. Sternal gland extracts were tested in Y-tube and paper-trail assays. The putative trail pheromone was most active at 10 gland equivalents and the activity was significantly reduced or lost after 60 min. Temperature for optimal trail-following activity was 25-26 degrees C. Extracts made from sternal glands of soldiers were less attractive when tested with workers, indicating some caste specificity. Initial fractionation of the extract did not reveal a single active fraction. Chemical identification of the trail pheromone is in progress. C1 [Bland, J. M.; Raina, A. K.] ARS, USDA, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Khamraev, A. S.; Kuchkarova, L. S.; Ahmerov, R. N.; Mirzaeva, G. C.; Hanzafarova, N. V.] Inst Zool, Tashkent 700095, Uzbekistan. [Abdullaev, I. I.] Urgench State Univ, Urgench, Uzbekistan. RP Raina, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM araina@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 13 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2008 VL 51 IS 3 BP 685 EP 696 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 347SH UT WOS:000259160800013 ER PT J AU Kandeler, E Mosier, AR Morgan, JA Milchunas, DG King, JY Rudolph, S Tscherko, D AF Kandeler, Ellen Mosier, Arvin R. Morgan, Jack A. Milchunas, Daniel G. King, Jennifer Y. Rudolph, Sabine Tscherko, Dagmar TI Transient elevation of carbon dioxide modifies the microbial community composition in a semi-arid grassland SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; climate change; PLFA; shortgrass steppe; soil fungi; soil bacteria ID PLANT WATER RELATIONS; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SOIL-MICROORGANISMS; COLORADO GRASSLAND; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ROOT BIOMASS; FATTY-ACIDS; ECOSYSTEM; BACTERIAL AB Using open-top chambers (OTC) on the shortgrass steppe in northern Colorado, changes of microbial community composition were followed over the latter 3 years of a 5-year study of elevated atmospheric CO2 as well as during 12 months after CO2 amendment ended. The experiment was composed of nine experimental plots: three chambered plots maintained at ambient CO2 levels of 360 +/- 20 mu mol mol(-1) (ambient treatment), three chambered plots maintained at 720 +/- 20 mu mol mol(-1) CO2 (elevated treatment) and three unchambered plots. The abundance of fungal phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) shifted in the shortgrass steppe under the influence of elevation of CO2 over the period of 3 years. Whereas the content of the fungal signature molecule (18:2 omega 6) was similar in soils of the ambient and elevated treatments in the third year of the experiment, CO2 treatment increased the content of 18:2 omega 6 by around 60% during the two subsequent years. The shift of microbial community composition towards a more fungal dominated community was likely due to slowly changing substrate quality; plant community forage quality declined under elevated CO2 because of a decline of N in all tested species as well as shift in species composition towards greater abundance of the low forage quality species (Stipa comata). In the year after which CO2 enrichment had ceased, abundances of fungal and bacterial PLFAs in the post-CO2 treatment plots shifted slowly back towards the control plots. Therefore, quantity and quality of available substrates had not changed sufficiently to shift the microbial community permanently to a fungal dominated community. We conclude from PLFA composition of soil microorganisms during the CO2 elevation experiment and during the subsequent year after cessation of CO2 treatment that a shift towards a fungal dominated system under higher CO2 concentrations may slow down C cycling in soils and therefore enhance C sequestration in the shortgrass steppe in future CO2-enriched atmospheres. (c) 2007 Fisevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Stuttgart Hohenheim, Inst Soil Sci, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kandeler, E (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart Hohenheim, Inst Soil Sci, Emil Wolff Str 27, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. EM kandeler@uni-hohenheim.de RI Turan, Veysel/G-7722-2011; King, Jennifer Y./I-5986-2015 OI King, Jennifer Y./0000-0003-3433-5952 NR 48 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 162 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.018 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 235NU UT WOS:000251242000016 ER PT J AU Halvorson, JJ Gonzalez, JM AF Halvorson, Jonathan J. Gonzalez, Javier M. TI Tannic acid reduces recovery of water-soluble carbon and nitrogen from soil and affects the composition of Bradford-reactive soil protein SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE tannins; water-soluble-C; water-soluble-N; Bradford assay; glomalin; beta-1,2,3,4,6-penta-o-galloyl-d-glucose; PGG ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; ORGANIC-MATTER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FLOODPLAIN SOILS; ALASKAN TAIGA; LEAF-LITTER; PLANT; FOREST; GLOMALIN AB Tannins are plant-derived polyphenolic compounds that precipitate proteins, bind to metals and complex with other compounds. Solutions of tannic acid, or other phenolic compounds, were added to soil samples to determine if they would affect recovery of soluble soil carbon (WSC) or -nitrogen (WSN) or influence the extraction and composition of Bradford-reactive soil protein (BRSP), associated with glomalin. Tannic acid-C added with water was not completely recovered from samples and the amount of total net WSC and WSN recovered was reduced, suggesting formation of insoluble complexes. By comparison, non-tannin phenolics like gallic acid, or methyl gallate. had little effect on extraction of WSC or WSN while a simple gallotannin derived from tannic acid, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG), inhibited extraction most. The C and N concentrations in BRSP increased when soil samples were treated with tannic acid or PGG before extraction, a procedure that includes autoclaving. Increases were greatest in the 10-20 cm compared to 0-5 cm depth. Accompanying these were declines in the ratio of absorbance at 465 and 665 nm (E4/E6 ratio) of BRSP extracts suggesting formation of larger or heavier molecules. In contrast, C and N composition in lyophilized BRSP was unaffected or even slightly reduced when tannic acid or PGG were added to the BRSP extract solution after the extraction process. We conclude that some tannins can reduce the solubility of labile soil C and N, at least temporarily and given unpredictability of response associated with phenolic substances, the Bradford assay should not be relied on to quantify pools or composition of soil proteins like glomalin. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Halvorson, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM Jonathan.Halvorson@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 186 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.07.022 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 235NU UT WOS:000251242000018 ER PT J AU Seybold, CA Elrashidi, MA Engel, RJ AF Seybold, Cathy A. Elrashidi, Moustala A. Engel, Roert J. TI Linear regression models to estimate soil liquid limit and plasticity index from basic soil properties SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE liquid limit; plasticity index; prediction; general linear models ID ATTERBERG LIMITS; PARAMETERS AB In Soil Survey, there is a need to estimate liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI) for areas where data are not available. The objectives were to determine if LL and PI prediction equations could be developed from readily available soil properties in Soil Survey, and to test two different data stratification approaches to improve predictability. Measured data in the National Soil Survey Characterization database and multiple linear regression were used for model development. Clay content (< 2 mu m) and cation exchange capacity were the primary variables used to predict both LL and PI. To predict LL, four equations were developed from 10 taxonomic soil order strata (aggregate of seven soil order strata, Andisols, Spodosols, and Vertisols) that explained between 68% and 81% of the variation in LL, with the Andisols order having the lowest predictability. To predict PI, 10 unique taxonomic soil order equations were developed (Aridisols, Alfisols, Entisols, Inceptisols, Mollisols, Oxisols, Ultisols, Andisols, Spodosols, and Vertisols) that explained between 15% and 77% of the variation in PI, with the Andisols order having the lowest predictability. A few prediction equations were developed from the taxonomic mineralogy strata, which produced models with similar predictability to that of the soil order equations. Validation of the best fitting models with an independent data set showed no significant difference from unit 1 slope and 0 intercept. Predicting LL and PI from readily available soil properties resulted in mostly moderate to strong prediction equations. The most useful equations are those with R-2 > 0.60. These prediction equations can be useful in Soil Survey when there are no available data. C1 [Seybold, Cathy A.; Elrashidi, Moustala A.; Engel, Roert J.] USDA, NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Seybold, CA (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, 100 Centennial Mail N,Fed Bldg,Room 152, Lincoln, NE USA. EM cathy.seybold@lin.usda.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 173 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1097/ss.06013618159a5el PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 252QQ UT WOS:000252462100004 ER PT J AU Jaro, JD Evans, RG Stevens, WB Iversen, WM AF Jaro, Jay David Evans, Roert G. Stevens, William B. Iversen, William M. TI Repeatability of soil apparent electrical conductivity measured by a coulter sensor SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil mapping; on-the-go sensor; agreement; precision farming; electrical conductivity ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; VARIABILITY AB Apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) measured using an on-the-go coulter sensor offers advantages for mapping soil variability because detailed data can be collected easily and inexpensively using on-the-go ECa sensors. However, there has been little research investigating the repeatability of these sensors, which may be defined as their ability to reproduce the same ECa measurement when operated in the same location under the same operating and field conditions. If the output of the coulter ECa sensor is not repeatable, the accuracy and reliability of the resulting maps and management decisions would be compromised. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of the coulter sensor by comparing ECa data from two passes in barley stubble at two 1.6-ha sites, one with a sandy loam soil texture (Nesson site) and the other, a clay loam soil texture (Montana State University Eastern Agricultural Research Center site). Sampling points were approximately 1.45 m apart in the direction of travel for both passes. The ECa measurements from both passes were compared at shallow (030 cm) and deep (0-90 cm) soil depths. The coefficients of variation of ECa measurements for shallow and deep depths from pass 1 were higher than those from pass 2 at both sites. The root mean square error values of ECa measurements between pass 1 and pass 2 at shallow and deep depths for the Nesson site were 0.76 and 0.51 mS m(-1) respectively, whereas the root mean square errors for the Montana State University Eastern Agricultural Research Center site were 4.06 and 2.93 mS m(-1) at shallow and deep depths, respectively. The repeatability was evaluated using a 95% confidence interval for the differences between ECa measurements of the two passes. Results demonstrate marginally acceptable repeatability between the two passes at shallow depths and acceptable repeatability at deep depths. The reasons for lack of agreement between pass 1 and pass 2 in ECa measurements at shallow depths could have resulted from soil disturbance and compaction caused by the coulter sensor during the pass 1 process. Regardless of discrepancies for shallow depths, the results indicate that the on-the-go ECa sensors can be useful and provide reliable data for describing field spatial variability in precision farming. This study was conducted to represent field conditions under which this equipment will likely be used, and further work is needed to confirm the repeatability of the coulter at shallow depths. C1 [Jaro, Jay David; Evans, Roert G.; Stevens, William B.; Iversen, William M.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Jaro, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM jay.jbro@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 173 IS 1 BP 35 EP 45 DI 10.1097/ss.06013618159a608 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 252QQ UT WOS:000252462100005 ER PT J AU Logsdon, SD AF Logsdon, S. D. TI Electrical spectra of undisturbed soil from a crop rotation study SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY; WATER-CONTENT; SYSTEM AB Soil permittivity can be determined across a range of frequencies, but little is known about how the factors derived from the frequency spectra are related to sod pore structure or crop management. The purpose of this study was to test use of a 12-wire, quasi-coaxial probe for determining soil permittivity spectra, and to see if derived factors could be related to soil pores and crop management practices. Undisturbed sod cores were collected from two management fields, one with a 2-yr rotation and the other with a 6-yr rotation. Comparisons between the fields were based on 95% confidence intervals of the differences in the means for each factor tested. Similar analysis was used to compare cores with and without continuous macropores. The soil from the 6-yr rotation had significantly higher water content (theta) after drainage to 100-cm pressure head, and had significantly lower air-filled porosity (AFP) after free core drainage. The cores with continuous macropores had a significantly higher natural log of saturated hydraulic conductivi ty and AFP after drainage to 100-cm pressure head, and significantly lower bulk density and square root of apparent permittivity at a higher frequency than cores without continuous macropores. The cores from soils with carbonates had higher electrical conductivity as a function of AFP than those from the soils without carbonates. Overall, sod macropore differences were more pronounced than differences in crop management practices. The 12-wire probe was useful for determining permittivity spectra on undisturbed soil. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Logsdon, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sally.logsdon@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0076 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300002 ER PT J AU Lilly, A Nemes, A Rawls, WJ Pachepsky, YA AF Lilly, A. Nemes, A. Rawls, W. J. Pachepsky, Ya. A. TI Probabilistic approach to the identification of input variables to estimate hydraulic conductivity SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS; SOIL MORPHOLOGY; WATER-RETENTION; PREDICTION; PARAMETERS; MODEL AB Soil hydrologic data are required for catchment-scale modeling but these data are often difficult and costly to obtain. Although pedotransfer functions (PTFs) have been used to generate these data, they are not easily transferable to other biodimatic zones. As climate influences the development of soil structure, the incorporation of soil structure assessments may improve the effectiveness of pedotransfer functions. The objective of this study was to examine which types of categorical texture and structure data would be most useful in either improving current PTFs to estimate saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-S) or allowing PTFs to be developed in areas where measured particle-size distribution, organic matter (OM) content, and bulk density (D-b) are lacking. As soil structure is categorical data, regression trees were used to determine which input data derived from the HYPRES database would be most useful in deriving new PTFs. Jackknife crossvalidation was used to generate randomized subsets of the data and the optimal size of the developmental (n = 411) and test (n = 91) data sets was derived experimentally. The relative importance of input variables was evaluated by considering the probability that the data were partitioned by each variable. The best model utilized field-based information on sod horizon, soil structure (ped size), and sod textural class and, although the accuracy was no better than existing continuous PTFs, it has the added benefit of utility in data-poor environments. C1 [Lilly, A.] Macaulay Land Use Res Inst, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland. [Nemes, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nemes, A.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rawls, W. J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pachepsky, Ya. A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lilly, A (reprint author), Macaulay Land Use Res Inst, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland. EM a.lilly@macaulay.ac.uk NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 13 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0391 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300003 ER PT J AU Esquilin, AEJ Stromberger, ME Shepperd, WD AF Esquilin, Aida E. Jimenez Stromberger, Mary E. Shepperd, Wayne D. TI Soil scarification and wildfire interactions and effects on microbial communities and carbon SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FOREST SOILS; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; UTILIZATION PATTERNS; NUTRIENT CONTENT; SITE PREPARATION; ORGANIC-CARBON; BOREAL FOREST; SCOTS PINE; BIOMASS; FERTILIZATION AB Nutrient availability is an important constraint on sustainable forest productivity, and it is crucial to understand the long-term effects of management practices, including soil scarification, on soil microbial communities because they store and cycle nutrients. In addition, because forests are subject to wildfires, it would be useful to understand potential interactive effects of wildfire and management practice on forest soil ecosystems. We studied the individual and combined effects of soil scarification and a subsequent wildfire on microbial community structure of a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson) forest soil in the central Rocky Mountains. Experimental plots were scarified by rototilling in 1981, and in 2002, some of the plots were burned during a mixed-severity wildfire. In 2005, mineral soil samples (0-10-cm depth) were collected and assayed for soil chemical properties, fungal and bacterial biomass, C mineralization potential, and microbial community fatty acid composition. Compared with undisturbed soil, soil from scarified-only plots was relatively high in pH, low in total C and organic matter (OM) concentrations, low in fungal and bacterial biomass, and enriched with Gram-positive biomarkers. Regardless of scarification treatment, soil from burned plots was relatively high in pH and extractable P, low in fungal but not bacterial biomass, and enriched with Gram-negative bacterial biomarkers. Compared with scarified-only plots, scarified-plus-burned plots had greater soil C and OM concentrations. Carbon mineralization rates were not different among the plot soils. While scarification is a positive practice for aiding seedling establishment, we found long-term effects on soil C reserves and microbial communities. C1 [Esquilin, Aida E. Jimenez; Stromberger, Mary E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Esquilin, Aida E. Jimenez] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Shepperd, Wayne D.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Stromberger, ME (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mary.stromberger@colostate.edu RI Stromberger, Mary/C-3070-2013 OI Stromberger, Mary/0000-0002-5862-2932 NR 72 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0292 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300014 ER PT J AU DeSutter, TM Sauer, TJ Parkin, TB Heitman, JL AF DeSutter, T. M. Sauer, T. J. Parkin, T. B. Heitman, J. L. TI A subsurface, closed-loop system for soil carbon dioxide and its application to the gradient efflux approach SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GAS-DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT; CO2 EFFLUX; FOREST-FLOOR; FLUX; PROFILES; SENSORS; MODEL; PROBE; FIELD; OXIDE AB Carbon dioxide concentrations in the soil can vary both temporally and spatially. Methodology was developed to semicontinuously measure subsurface concentrations of CO2 using expanded, porous Teflon (ePTFE) tubing. Lengths of ePTFE tubing (7.6 m) were buried at 0.02, 0.1, and 0.18 in below the soil surface in a Harps loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Calciaquoll) in central Iowa, and also positioned directly on the soil surface (0 m). Soil atmospheric gases that diffused through the walls of the tubing were circulated in a closed-loop design through solid-state CO2 sensors to determine the concentration of CO2 at each depth. Independent measures of CO2 concentrations were also determined by sampling the in-line gas stream of the ePTFE system and from samples extracted from gas wells positioned near the buried tubing. Good agreement (r(2) > 0.95) was observed between the ePTFE system and the independent measures, with the ePTFE having biases of 1.2 and 1.37 times greater than the in-line and gas well samples, respectively. The soil-gas diffusion coefficient of CO2 (D-s) was determined using intact soil cores and values were about 2.5 times less than two popular models used to predict D-s in soil. Estimates of CO2 flux using Fick's Law, six approaches to determine the vertical CO2 concentration gradient, and three methods to determine Ds ranged from >800 to <1 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) on Day of the Year 239.5. Although Fick's Law is commonly used to estimate CO2 flux from soil, the approach used to determine the vertical CO2 concentration gradient and method used to determine D-s can both include sources of uncertainty. C1 [DeSutter, T. M.; Heitman, J. L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [DeSutter, T. M.; Sauer, T. J.; Parkin, T. B.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP DeSutter, TM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Walster Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM thomas.desutter@ndsu.edu RI Heitman, Joshua/F-8535-2010 NR 40 TC 20 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 126 EP 134 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0101 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300016 ER PT J AU Li, S Lobb, DA Lindstrom, MJ Papiernik, SK Farenhorst, A AF Li, Sheng Lobb, David A. Lindstrom, Michael J. Papiernik, Sharon K. Farenhorst, Annemieke TI Modeling tillage-induced redistribution of soil mass and its constituents within different landscapes SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO; AGRICULTURAL LAND; EROSION RATES; TRANSLOCATION; CESIUM-137; EVOLUTION; CANADA; SLOPE AB Tillage is a driving force of soil movement in cultivated fields. Soil constituents, together with the mass of soil, are redistributed across landscapes by tillage. The pattern of tillage-induced soil constituent redistribution is determined by the pattern of tillage erosion (tillage-induced soil mass loss or gain) and the dispersivity of translocation. In this study, we used a convoluting procedure and developed a Tillage Translocation Model (TilITM) to simulate the tillage translocation process and to demonstrate tillage-induced soil mass and soil organic carbon (OC) (as an example of soil constituents) redistributions across four hypothetical landscapes subjected to different tillage patterns (directions) and over different lengths of tillage period. We determined that the local tillage-erosion rate is mainly dependent on topography and that the effects of tillage pattern and the length of tillage period are relatively minor. The redistribution of OC content in the till layer is mainly determined by the number, location, and size of soil loss positions in the landscape, as well as the soil loss rates at these positions. Net loss of OC content occurs in the till layer and this loss increases with time. In contrast, an increase of OC content in the sublayer occurs at soil accumulation positions. The model was validated against field data collected at a site near Cyrus, MN. The patterns of OC and inorganic C redistribution can be adequately estimated by TilITM. There are discrepancies, however, between the model-estimated values and the field measurements due to the limitations and uncertainties associated with the model. The results clearly showed that tillage translocation causes the vertical redistribution of soil constituents across the landscape, which implies that tillage translocation is one of the driving forces behind the spatial variability of soil properties and properties that impact biophysical processes. C1 [Li, Sheng; Lobb, David A.; Farenhorst, Annemieke] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Lindstrom, Michael J.; Papiernik, Sharon K.] USDA ARS, Morris, MN USA. RP Li, S (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM shenglcn@yahoo.com NR 24 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0418 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300021 ER PT J AU Causarano, HJ Franzluebbers, AJ Shaw, JN Reeves, DW Raper, RL Wood, CW AF Causarano, Hector J. Franzluebbers, Alan J. Shaw, Joey N. Reeves, D. Wayne Raper, Randy L. Wood, C. Wesley TI Soil organic carbon fractions and aggregation in the Southern Piedmont and Coastal Plain SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS CONTRIBUTIONS; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; STRATIFICATION RATIO; MATTER; USA; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; SEQUESTRATION; PARTICULATE; CULTIVATION AB Quantification of the impact of long-term agricultural land use on soil organic C (SOC) is important to farmers and policyrnakers, but few studies have characterized land use and management effects on SOC across physiographic regions. We measured the distribution and total stock of SOC to a depth of 20 cm under conventional tillage (CvT), conservation tillage (CsT), and pasture in 87 production fields from the Southern Piedmont and Coastal Plain Major Land Resource Areas. Across locations, SOC at a depth of 0 to 20 cm was: pasture (38.9 Mg ha(-1)) > CsT (27.9 Mg ha(-1)) > CvT (22.2 Mg ha(-1)) (P <= 0.02). Variation in SOC was explained by management (41.6%), surface horizon clay content (5.2%), and mean annual temperature (1.0%). Higher clay content and cooler temperature contributed to higher SOC. Management affected SOC primarily at the soil surface (0-5 cm). All SOC fractions (i.e., total SOC, particulate organic C, soil microbial biomass C, and potential C mineralization) were strongly correlated across a diversity of soils and management systems (r = 0.85-0.96). The stratification ratio (concentration at the soil surface/concentration at a lower depth) of SOC fractions differed among management systems (P <= 0.0001), and was 4.2 to 6.1 under pastures, 2.6 to 4.7 under CsT and 1.4 to 2.4 under CvT; these results agree with a threshold value of 2 to distinguish historically degraded soils with improved soil conditions from degraded soils. This on-farm survey of SOC complements experimental data and shows that pastures and conservation tillage will lead to significant SOC sequestration throughout the region, resulting in improved soil quality and potential to mitigate CO2 emissions. C1 [Causarano, Hector J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Franzluebbers, Alan J.; Reeves, D. Wayne] USDA ARS, Nat Resource Conversat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Shaw, Joey N.; Wood, C. Wesley] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Raper, Randy L.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Causarano, HJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Bldg 007,Rm 126,BARC W 10300 Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hector.Causarano@ars.usda.gov RI El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012 NR 44 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 22 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.2136/sssaj2006.0274 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300027 ER PT J AU Penn, CJ Bryant, RB AF Penn, C. J. Bryant, R. B. TI Phosphorus solubility in response to acidification of dairy manure amended soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WATER-EXTRACTABLE PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE; FORMS; RELEASE; RUNOFF; EUTROPHICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIATION; FRACTIONS; MEHLICH-3 AB Manure additions beyond crop P needs result in accumulated soil Ca phosphate (Ca-P). Although stable near neutral pH levels, there is concern about the solubility of accumulated soil Ca-P when soil pH conditions become acidic, potentially releasing water-soluble P (WSP). The purpose of this study was to examine changes in WSP among non-acidic, Ca-P-accumulated soils in response to six levels of acidification and acidification timing. Two soils that historically received excessive dairy manure were incubated for 8 wk with pH adjusted by single-point or gradual acid additions. After 8 wk, acid additions ceased and WSP, Mehlich-3 P (M3-P), and pH were determined before continuing the incubation for two additional weeks. Soil pH had little effect on M3-P, while acidification timing interacted with the effect of pH on WSP concentrations. After 8 wk, single-point acidification resulted in WSP decreases with decreasing pH, but gradual acidification showed the opposite effect in the pH range 4.5 to 6.5. This effect disappeared after two additional weeks of incubation, resulting in overall decreased WSP concentrations. Results suggested that among the high-P (Ca-P) soils used in this study, which contained significant Fe and Al, acidification did not increase WSP beyond the original concentrations since dissolved Ca-P was resorbed onto soil Fe and Al. This subsequent resorption of P was not immediate, however, and was dependent on kinetics. Overall decreases in soil WSP resulting from acidification is beneficial to water quality through prevention of nonpoint dissolved P losses from soils to surface waters. C1 [Penn, C. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bryant, R. B.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Managemnet Res Unit, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. RP Penn, CJ (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, 367 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM chad.penn@okstate.edu NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 238 EP 243 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0071N PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 255TV UT WOS:000252681300029 ER PT J AU Tshipuliso, NOM Alexander, LJ Geary, TW Snelling, WM Rule, DC Koltes, JE Mote, BE MacNeil, MD AF Tshipuliso, N. O. M. Alexander, L. J. Geary, T. W. Snelling, W. M. Rule, D. C. Koltes, J. E. Mote, B. E. MacNeil, M. D. TI Mapping QTL for fatty acid composition that segregates between the Japanese Black and Limousin cattle breeds SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Beef; fatty acids; Japanese Black; Limousin; quantitative trait loci; Wagyu ID CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS; GENOTYPE PROBABILITIES; EFFICIENT COMPUTATION; COMPLEX PEDIGREES; CROSSBRED CATTLE; WAGYU; MUSCLE; EMPHASIS AB The objective of this study was to search for quantitative trait loci (QTL) that segregate between Japanese Black and Limousin cattle breeds and affect relative amounts of saturated (SFA), mono-unsaturated (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Six F(1) Japanese Black-Limousin cross bulls were Joined with 121 F(1) females over a three-year period to produce 328 F(2) progeny. Calves, aged from 450 to 641 d (average 561 d), were harvested using standard industry procedures. After aging, 2.54 cm thick steaks were Cut from the posterior end of the wholesale rib, frozen at -20 degrees C, and held for determination of fatty acid composition. Percentages of the Individual fatty acids were classified into percentages of SFA, MUFA and PUFA. Two hundred seventeen microsatellite markers covering the 29 bovine autosomes were assayed and QTL were identified by least squares regression. Genome-wise significant QTL with additive effects on SFA (-0.61 +/- 0.19%), MUFA (0.93 +/- 0.19%) and PUFA (-0.52 +/- 0.11%) were observed near the centromere of BTA2. Also observed were five QTL indicative of dominance effects on: MUFA (BTA9, 119 cM, -1.87 +/- 0.72%; BTA22, 47 cM, 1.85 +/- 0.60%) and PUFA (BTA9, 54 cM, -1.49 +/- 0.42%; BTA10 38 cM, 1.20 +/- 0.35%; and BTA15, 14 cM, 1.11 +/- 0.36%). Based on these results, we conclude that it may be possible to improve the healthfulness of beef by manipulating fatty acid composition using genetic markers and appropriate crossbreeding systems. C1 [Alexander, L. J.; Geary, T. W.; MacNeil, M. D.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Tshipuliso, N. O. M.] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Genet, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Tshipuliso, N. O. M.] Agr Res Council, ZA-0062 Irene, South Africa. [Snelling, W. M.] USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Rule, D. C.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Koltes, J. E.; Mote, B. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP MacNeil, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM mike.macneil@ars.usda.gov RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES PI HATFIELD PA C/O ESTIE KOSTER, PO BOX 13884, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0375-1589 J9 S AFR J ANIM SCI JI South Afr. J. Anim. Sci. PY 2008 VL 38 IS 2 BP 126 EP 130 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 358JX UT WOS:000259914200007 ER PT J AU Tshipuliso, NOM Alexander, LJ Kotze, A Ehlers, K Leesburg, VLR MacNeil, MD AF Tshipuliso, N. O. M. Alexander, L. J. Kotze, A. Ehlers, K. Leesburg, V. L. Reisenauer MacNeil, M. D. TI Structural assessment of backcrossing using microsatellite markers SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Backcross; breeding system; introgression; genetic markers ID GENOTYPE PROBABILITIES; EFFICIENT COMPUTATION; SELECTION; ALLELES; CATTLE; LOCI AB Backcrossing, coupled with marker or gene assisted selection, can be used to introgress a specific gene or chromosomal region from one population into another. The objective of this study was to assess the genomic structure of cattle produced by backcrossing for loci that are unlinked to a locus that was being introgressed. Genotypes of the two parental populations, their F, progeny, and two subsequent backcross generations of animals were determined at 34 microsatellite loci that were not linked to a locus being introgressed. There was little evidence to suggest any systematic genome-wide departure from pedigree derived expectation as a result of the breeding system. These data validate the desired intention of a backcrossing program that progressive generations migrate genotypically toward one of the parental type. C1 [Alexander, L. J.; Leesburg, V. L. Reisenauer; MacNeil, M. D.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Tshipuliso, N. O. M.] Agr Res Council, ZA-0062 Irene, South Africa. [Tshipuliso, N. O. M.; Kotze, A.; Ehlers, K.] Univ Free State, Dept Genet, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Kotze, A.] Natl Zool Gardens S Afr, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. RP MacNeil, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM mike.macneil@ars.usda.gov RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES PI HATFIELD PA C/O ESTIE KOSTER, PO BOX 13884, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0375-1589 J9 S AFR J ANIM SCI JI South Afr. J. Anim. Sci. PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 290 EP 292 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 416FQ UT WOS:000263991400003 ER PT J AU Twedt, DJ Hamel, PB Wodrey, MS AF Twedt, Daniel J. Hamel, Paul B. Wodrey, Mark S. TI Winter Bird Population Studies and Project Prairie Birds for surveying grassland birds SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID ALLUVIAL VALLEY; ABUNDANCE AB We compared 2 survey methods for assessing winter bird communities in temperate grasslands: Winter Bird Population Study surveys are area-searches that have long been used in a variety of habitats whereas Project Prairie Bird surveys employ active-flushing techniques on strip-transects and are intended for use in grasslands. We used both methods to survey birds on 14 herbaceous-reforested sites and 9 coastal pine savannas during winter and compared resultant estimates of species richness and relative abundance. These techniques did not yield similar estimates of avian populations. We found Winter Bird Population Studies consistently produced higher estimates of species richness, whereas Project Prairie Birds produced higher estimates of avian abundance for some species. When it is important to identify all species within the winter bird community, Winter Bird Population Studies should be the survey method of choice. If estimates of the abundance of relatively secretive grassland bird species are desired, the use of Project Prairie Birds protocols is warranted. However, we suggest that both survey techniques, as currently employed, are deficient and recommend distance-based survey methods that provide species-specific C1 [Twedt, Daniel J.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hamel, Paul B.] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wodrey, Mark S.] Mississippi State Univ, Grand Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Moss Pt, MS 39562 USA. RP Twedt, DJ (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 2524 S Frontage Rd,Suite C, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM dtwedt@usgs.gov OI Twedt, Daniel/0000-0003-1223-5045 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[11:WBPSAP]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 286ZP UT WOS:000254885900002 ER PT J AU Surrette, SB Aquilani, SM Brewer, JS AF Surrette, Sherry B. Aquilani, Steven M. Brewer, J. Stephen TI Current and historical composition and size structure of upland forests across a soil gradient in north Mississippi SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID TREE SPECIES COMPOSITION; PRESCRIBED FIRE; PINE FOREST; OAK FORESTS; HYPOTHESIS; REGENERATION; CLIMAX AB Comparisons of current and historical tree species composition and size structure along natural productivity gradients are useful for inferring effects of disturbance regimes and productivity on patterns of succession. We tabulated occurrences and estimated diameters of 3483 General Land Office bearing trees across 19 survey townships along an upland soil texture and organic matter gradient in north Mississippi. We then contrasted this presettlement composition and structure with that of 2998 trees in sampling plots within present-day mature (> 100 years old) upland forests contained within the survey townships. Presettlement upland communities appeared to consist of non-successional communities, in which the most abundant trees were shade-intolerant, fire-tolerant trees (e.g., Quercus marilandica [blackjack oak]) in both large and small size classes across the entire soil gradient. These fire-prone presettlement assemblages differed greatly from present-day mature uplands, which were transitional assemblages of upland and floodplain trees, with mesophytic floodplain species (both early and late-successional) dominating the smaller size classes. C1 [Brewer, J. Stephen] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. [Aquilani, Steven M.] Delaware Cty Community Coll, Dept Biol, Media, PA 19063 USA. [Surrette, Sherry B.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Jackson, MS 39269 USA. RP Brewer, JS (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, POB 1848, University, MS 38677 USA. EM jbrewer@olemiss.edu NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 27 EP 48 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[27:CAHCAS]2.0.CO;2 PG 22 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 286ZP UT WOS:000254885900004 ER PT J AU Engbring, BL Heitzman, E Spetich, MA AF Engbring, Bear L. Heitzman, Eric Spetich, Martin A. TI Ridgetop fire history of an oak-pine forest in the ozark mountains of Arkansas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BOSTON MOUNTAINS; REGIME; USA AB A total of 53 fire-scarred Pinus echinata (shortleaf pine) trees were examined to reconstruct a ridgetop fire chronology of an oak-pine forest in the Ozark Mountains of north-central Arkansas. This process yielded 104 fire scars dating to 61 separate fire years. Fire frequency was greatest during the Euro-American Settlement Period (1820-1900), when the median fire interval (MFI) was 1.9 years. Most of the sample trees established during this period. Fire remained prevalent through the Regional Development (1901-1930) and Modern (1931-2003) Periods, when the MFI was 2.1 and 2.6 years, respectively. Palmer Drought Severity Index mean values from 1823-2003 did not differ (p = 0.76) between fire years and non-fire years, suggesting that fires in the study area were predominantly anthropogenic in origin. C1 [Heitzman, Eric] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Spetich, Martin A.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Engbring, Bear L.] Univ Arkansas, Sch Forest Resources, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Heitzman, E (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM eric.heitzman@mail.wvu.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 49 EP 60 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[49:RFHOAO]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 286ZP UT WOS:000254885900005 ER PT J AU Schrecengost, JD Kilgo, JC Mallard, D Ray, HS Miller, KV AF Schrecengost, Joshua D. Kilgo, John C. Mallard, David Ray, H. Scott Miller, Karl V. TI Seasonal food habits of the coyote in the South Carolina coastal plain SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID ARKANSAS; CANIS AB Spatial and temporal plasticity in Canis latrans (coyote) diets require regional studies to understand the ecological role of this omnivorous canid. Because coyotes have recently become established in South Carolina, we investigated their food habits by collecting 415 coyote scats on the Savannah River Site in western South Carolina from May 2005-July 2006. Seasonally available soft mast was the most common food item in 12 of the 15 months we sampled. Odocoileus virginianus (white-tailed deer) was the most common food item during December (40%) and March (37%). During May-June, fruits of Prunus spp. and Rubus spp. were the most commonly occurring food items. Fawns were the most common mammalian food item during May and June of both years despite low deer density. C1 [Schrecengost, Joshua D.] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, Rome, GA 30106 USA. [Kilgo, John C.; Ray, H. Scott] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. [Miller, Karl V.] Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forest & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Schrecengost, JD (reprint author), Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Resources Div, 1401 Dean St,Suite 1, Rome, GA 30106 USA. EM josh_schrecengost@dnr.state.ga.us NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 8 U2 23 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[135:SFHOTC]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 286ZP UT WOS:000254885900013 ER PT J AU Pierce, JB Fleet, RR McBrayer, L Rudolph, DC AF Pierce, Josh B. Fleet, Robert R. McBrayer, Lance Rudolph, D. Craig TI Use of trees by the Texas Ratsnake (Elaphe obsoleta) in eastern Texas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID BLACK RAT SNAKES; RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER; O-OBSOLETA; PREDATION; NESTLINGS; MARYLAND; ECOLOGY; NESTS; EGGS AB We present information on the use of trees by Elaphe obsoleta (Texas Ratsnake) in a mesic pine-hardwood forest in eastern Texas. Using radiotelemetry, seven snakes (3 females, 4 males) were relocated a total of 363 times from April 2004 to May 2005, resulting in 201 unique locations. Snakes selected trees containing cavities and used hardwoods and snags for a combined 95% of arboreal locations. Texas Ratsnake arboreal activity peaked during July and August, well after the peak of avian breeding activity, suggesting arboreal activity involves factors other than avian predation. C1 [Pierce, Josh B.; Rudolph, D. Craig] US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. [Fleet, Robert R.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. [McBrayer, Lance] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Pierce, JB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA, 506 Hayter St, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. EM jbpierce@fs.fed.us NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 2 BP 359 EP 366 DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2008)7[359:UOTBTT]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317SH UT WOS:000257039500015 ER PT J AU Perry, RW Thill, RE AF Perry, Roger W. Thill, Ronald E. TI Roost selection by Big Brown Bats in Forests of Arkansas: importance of Pine Snags and Open Forest Habitats to Males SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; ASPEN CAVITIES; SITE SELECTION; EVENING BATS; BUILDINGS; LANDSCAPE; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; INDIANA AB Although Eptesicus fuscus (Big Brown Bat) has been Widely studied, information oil tree-roosting in forests by males is rare, and little information is available Oil tree roosting in the southeastern United States. Our objectives were to characterize diurnal summer roosts, primarily for male Big Brown Bats, and to determine relationships between forest structure and roost selection. We quantified 25 male roosts located via radiotelemetry, and describe an additional 9 maternity roosts for females. All roosts for both sexes were in Pinus echinata (Shortleaf Pine) snags, and 82% of roost snags were 15-25 cm diameter at breast height (dbh). Most (94%) roosts for both sexes were Under loose bark. A logistic regression model differentiating male roost sites From random locations indicated males were more likely to roost in recently thinned, open-forest conditions (less canopy cover, more cut stumps, and fewer under-story stems) that contained abundant overstory pines >25 cm dbh and abundant snags. Males roosted primarily (84%) in stands that had recently undergone partial harvesting. Maintaining a Supply of Pine snags >= 15 cm dbh in relatively open forest habitats, including areas undergoing partial harvest, would provide roosting habitat for male Big Brown Bats in the Ouachita Mountains. C1 [Perry, Roger W.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Thill, Ronald E.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. RP Perry, RW (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM rperry03@fs.fed.us FU Ouachita National Forest; Ouachita Mountains Ecosystem Management Research and Demonstration FX We thank D.A. Saugey, J.H. Williamson, S.A. Carter, R.A. Buford, T. Tanner, and Students from Stephen F. Austin University, University of Arkansas at Monticello, and Arkansas Tech University for their field assistance and expertise. Earlier drafts were reviewed by M.J. Lacki, W.M. Ford, D.A. Miller, and N.E. Koerth. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission provided partial funding, for this Study through efforts of D.B. Sasse. Additional funding was provided by the Ouachita National Forest and the Ouachita Mountains Ecosystem Management Research and Demonstration Project through efforts of L.D. Hedrick and J.M. Guldin, respectively. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2008 VL 7 IS 4 BP 607 EP 618 DI 10.1656/1528-7092-7.4.607 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 383VV UT WOS:000261703200004 ER PT S AU Jun, W Lee, K Millner, P Sharma, M Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Jun, Won Lee, Kangjin Millner, Patricia Sharma, Manan Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Tolone, WJ Ribarsky, W Balandin, SI Javidi, B Tu, SI TI Portable hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system for detection of biofilms on stainless steel surfaces SO SPECIAL SESSIONS ON FOOD SAFETY, VISUAL ANALYTICS, RESOURCE RESTRICTED EMBEDDED AND SENSOR NETWORKS, AND 3D IMAGING AND DISPLAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Defense and Security CY MAR 17-18, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral imaging; fluorescence; biofilm; detection ID FECAL CONTAMINATION; AUTOMATED DETECTION; APPLES; IMAGERY AB A rapid nondestructive technology is needed to detect bacterial contamination on the surfaces of food processing equipment to reduce public health risks. A portable hyperspectral fluorescence imaging system was used to evaluate potential detection of microbial biofilm on stainless steel typically used in the manufacture of food processing equipment. Stainless steel coupons were immersed in bacterium cultures, such as E. coli, Pseudomonas pertucinogena, Erwinia chrysanthemi, and Listeria innocula. Following a 1-week exposure, biofilm formations were assessed using fluorescence imaging. In addition, the effects on biofilm formation from both tryptic soy broth (TSB) and M9 medium with casamino acids (M9C) were examined. TSB grown cells enhance biofilm production compared with M9C-grown cells. Hyperspectral fluorescence images of the biofilm samples, in response to ultraviolet-A (320 to 400 rim) excitation, were acquired from approximately 416 to 700 rim. Visual evaluation of individual images at emission peak wavelengths in the blue revealed the most contrast between biofilms and stainless steel coupons. Two-band ratios compared with the single-band images increased the contrast between the biofilm forming area and stainless steel coupon surfaces. The 444/588 rim ratio images exhibited the greatest contrast between the biofilm formations and stainless coupon surfaces. C1 [Jun, Won; Millner, Patricia; Sharma, Manan; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] USDA, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jun, W (reprint author), USDA, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM moon.kim@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7181-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 6983 AR 698306 DI 10.1117/12.786870 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BIA80 UT WOS:000257948600004 ER PT S AU Lawrence, KC Yoon, SC Jones, DR Heitschmidt, GW Park, B Windham, WR AF Lawrence, Kurt C. Yoon, Seung Chul Jones, Deana R. Heitschmidt, Gerald W. Park, Bosoon Windham, William R. BE Kim, MS Chao, K Tolone, WJ Ribarsky, W Balandin, SI Javidi, B Tu, SI TI Modified pressure system for imaging egg cracks SO SPECIAL SESSIONS ON FOOD SAFETY, VISUAL ANALYTICS, RESOURCE RESTRICTED EMBEDDED AND SENSOR NETWORKS, AND 3D IMAGING AND DISPLAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Defense and Security CY MAR 17-18, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE shell eggs; cracks; CCD camera; negative pressure; image processing ID MACHINE VISION AB One aspect of grading table eggs is shell checks or cracks. Currently, USDA voluntary regulations require that humans grade a representative sample of all eggs processed. However, as processing plants and packing facilities continue to increase their volume and throughput, human graders are having difficulty matching the pace of the machines. Additionally, some plants also have a problem with micro-cracks that the graders often miss because they are very small and hard to see immediately post-processing but grow and become readily apparent before they reach market. An imaging system was developed to help the grader detect these small micro-cracks. The imaging system utilized one image captured at atmospheric pressure and a second at a slight negative pressure to enhance the crack and make detection much easier. A simple image processing algorithm was then applied to the ratio of these two images and the resulting image, containing both cracked and/or intact eggs were color-coded to simplify identification. The imaging system was capable of imaging 15 eggs in about 3/4 second and the algorithm rocessing took about another 10 seconds. These times could easily be reduced with a dedicated, multi-threaded computer program. In analyzing 1000 eggs, the system was 99.6% accurate overall with only 0.3% false positives compared to 94.2% accurate overall for the human graders with 1.2% false positives. An international patent on the system was filed and further automation of the system is needed. C1 [Lawrence, Kurt C.; Yoon, Seung Chul; Jones, Deana R.; Heitschmidt, Gerald W.; Park, Bosoon; Windham, William R.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Lawrence, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7181-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 6983 AR 698303 DI 10.1117/12.786864 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BIA80 UT WOS:000257948600001 ER PT S AU Tu, SI Gehring, A Paoli, G AF Tu, Shu-I Gehring, Andrew Paoli, George BE Kim, MS Chao, K Tolone, WJ Ribarsky, W Balandin, SI Javidi, B Tu, SI TI Applications of immunomagnetic capture and time-resolved fluorescence detection for Salmonella Enteritidis in liquid eggs SO SPECIAL SESSIONS ON FOOD SAFETY, VISUAL ANALYTICS, RESOURCE RESTRICTED EMBEDDED AND SENSOR NETWORKS, AND 3D IMAGING AND DISPLAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Defense and Security CY MAR 17-18, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE immunomagnetic capture; egg components; Salmonella Enteritidis; time-resolved fluorescence; food safety AB An immuno sandwich method was evaluated for the detection of Salmonella in liquid eggs. Liquid eggs spiked with different out-break strains of Salmonella were mixed with proper enrichment media and incubated at 37 C for 4 to 20 h. After enrichment, immunomagnetic beads (IMB) coated with anti Salmonella antibodies were used to capture the bacteria. Samarium (Sm) labeled anti Salmonella antibodies were then used to form sandwiched complexes with IMB captured bacteria. Sandwiched Salmonella were then treated with Sm-chelator to allow the measurement of the released Sin by time-resolved fluorescence (TRF). The processes ranging from IMB capture to Sin chelation were performed using an automated KingFisher apparatus. With this approach, the presence of similar to 1 CFU of outbreak strains of Salmonella Enteritidis per egg (similar to 50 g of liquid eggs) could be detected after enrichment for 20 h at 37 C. For higher levels of Salmonella Enteritidis contamination, e.g., 10 CFU per 50 g of liquid eggs, the enrichment time could be reduced to 5 h at 37 C. The results demonstrated that a combination of IMB capture and TRF measurement could be a rapid and sensitive method for Salmonella Enteritidis detection in liquid eggs. C1 [Tu, Shu-I; Gehring, Andrew; Paoli, George] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tu, SI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7181-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 6983 AR 698308 DI 10.1117/12.786880 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Food Science & Technology; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BIA80 UT WOS:000257948600005 ER PT J AU Orr, R Raymond, J Singh, MF AF Orr, Rhonda Raymond, Jacqui Singh, Maria Fiatarone TI Efficacy of progressive resistance training on balance performance in older adults: A systematic review Randomized controlled trials SO SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; REDUCE FALL RISK; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; HIP FRACTURE; FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE; ELDERLY POPULATION; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; DYNAMIC POSTUROGRAPHY; PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS AB The serious health, social and economic consequences of falls are well documented. Lower extremity muscle weakness and power as well as balance impairment are major independent intrinsic contributors to falls and amenable to intervention. Progressive resistance training (PRT) is widely accepted as an appropriate modality for treating sarcopenia and has been reported to improve balance. However, other studies affirm no significant effect of PRT on balance. To date, there is no clear, definitive statement or synthesis of studies that has examined the effect of PRT on balance. Therefore, our objective was to systematically review the literature to probe the merit of PRT as a single intervention on balance performance in older adults. We conducted a comprehensive search of major electronic databases to October 2006, with citation searches and bibliographic searches of journal articles and literature/systematic reviews. Two independent reviewers screened for eligibility and assessed the quality of the studies using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale for validity assessment. Randomized controlled trials of PRT only, with any balance outcome in participants with a mean age of >= 60 years (individual minimum age > 50 years) were included. Trials that contained more than one intervention, providing the PRT and control groups matched the inclusion criteria, were also included. Because of the heterogeneity of interventions and balance outcomes, a meta-analysis was not performed. However, corrected effect sizes with confidence intervals were determined for each study outcome. Twenty-nine studies were compatible with the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were eligible for review. Participants (n = 2174) included healthy, community-dwelling, mobility-limited, frail cohorts and those with chronic comorbidities. Balance outcomes conducted were extensive and were broadly categorized by the authors as: static, dynamic, functional and computerized dynamic posturography. Some studies used more than one balance outcome. The number of balance tests in all totalled 68. Fourteen studies (15 tests representing 22% of all balance tests) reported improvements, significantly greater than controls, in balance performance following PRT. Improvements were not linked to a particular type of balance performance. The inconsistent effect of PRT on balance may be explained by heterogeneity of cohort and balance tests, variability in methodology of the balance test and sample size, inadequate dose of PRT and/or compliance to training, or lack of statistical power. Standardization of balance testing methodology and better reporting of procedures may ensure greater comparability of results in future studies. It is also possible that PRT alone is not a robust intervention for balance control. This is the first systematic synthesis of the literature to examine the effectiveness of PRT alone on balance performance in older adults. The limited evidence presented in currently published data has not consistently shown that the use of PRT in isolation improves balance in this population. However, further research should explore optimal resistance training regimens that: focus on the muscles most pertinent to balance control, best target neuromuscular adaptations that protect against postural challenges and elucidate mechanism(s) by which PRT may affect balance control. C1 [Orr, Rhonda; Raymond, Jacqui; Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Discipline Exercise & Sport Sci, Fac Hlth Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew Seniorlife & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ct, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Orr, R (reprint author), POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. EM r.orr@usyd.edu.au RI Orr, Rhonda/C-1817-2008 NR 121 TC 127 Z9 133 U1 14 U2 51 PU ADIS INT LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 1311, NEW ZEALAND SN 0112-1642 J9 SPORTS MED JI Sports Med. PY 2008 VL 38 IS 4 BP 317 EP 343 PG 27 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 291PZ UT WOS:000255210600004 PM 18348591 ER PT J AU Forkman, J Verrill, S AF Forkman, Johannes Verrill, Steve TI The distribution of McKay's approximation for the coefficient of variation SO STATISTICS & PROBABILITY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE coefficient of variation; McKay's approximation; noncentral beta distribution ID T-DISTRIBUTION; ADEQUACY AB McKay's chi-square approximation for the coefficient of variation is type II noncentral beta distributed and asymptotically normal with mean n - 1 and variance smaller than 2(n - 1). (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Forkman, Johannes] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biometry & Engn, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Verrill, Steve] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Forkman, J (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biometry & Engn, POB 7032, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. EM johannes.forkman@bt.slu.se OI Forkman, Johannes/0000-0002-5796-0710 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7152 J9 STAT PROBABIL LETT JI Stat. Probab. Lett. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 78 IS 1 BP 10 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.spl.2007.04.018 PG 5 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 257TT UT WOS:000252822100002 ER PT J AU Sogonov, MV Castlebury, LA Rossman, AY Mejia, LC White, JF AF Sogonov, M. V. Castlebury, L. A. Rossman, A. Y. Mejia, L. C. White, J. F. TI Leaf-inhabiting genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Foliicolous fungi; multilocus phylogenetics; polyphasic taxonomy; species identification; species recognition ID DISCULA-UMBRINELLA; DOGWOOD ANTHRACNOSE; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; ALLIED GENERA; SP-NOV; FUNGI; PHYLOGENY; FRAXINEA; BLIGHT; ASH AB The Gnomoniaceae are characterised by ascomata that are generally immersed, solitary, without a stroma, or aggregated with a rudimentary stroma, in herbaceous plant material especially in leaves, twigs or stems, but also in bark or wood. The ascomata are black, soft-textured, thin-walled, and pseudoparenchymatous with one or more central or eccentric necks. The asci usually have a distinct apical ring. The Gnomoniaceae includes species having ascospores that are small, mostly less than 25 pm long, although some are longer, and range in septation from non-septate to one-septate, rarely multi-septate. Molecular studies of the Gnomoniaceae suggest that the traditional classification of genera based on characteristics of the ascomata such as position of the neck and ascospores such as septation have resulted in genera that are not monophyletic. In this paper the concepts of the leaf-inhabiting genera in the Gnomoniaceae are reevaluated using multiple genes, specifically nrLSU, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-alpha), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) for 64 isolates. ITS sequences were generated for 322 isolates. Six genera of leaf-inhabiting Gnomoniaceae are defined based on placement of their type species within the multigene phylogeny. The new monotypic genus Ambarignomonia is established for an unusual species, A. petiolorum. A key to 59 species of leaf-inhabiting Gnomoniaceae is presented and 22 species of Gnomoniaceae are described and illustrated. C1 [Sogonov, M. V.; Castlebury, L. A.; Rossman, A. Y.; Mejia, L. C.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sogonov, M. V.; Mejia, L. C.; White, J. F.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Rossman, AY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Amy.Rossman@ars.usda.gov RI White, James/C-2280-2009 FU NSF PEET [0328634] FX This work was funded by NSF PEET grant 0328634 for research on the systematics of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales for which we are most grateful. NR 79 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI UTRECHT PA UPPSALALAAN 8, 3584 CT UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2008 IS 62 BP 1 EP 77 DI 10.3114/sim.2008.62.01 PG 77 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 392IO UT WOS:000262296600001 PM 19287541 ER PT J AU Atibalentja, N Noel, GR AF Atibalentja, Ndeme Noel, Gregory R. TI Bacterial endosymbionts of plant-parasitic nematodes SO SYMBIOSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Nematode-Bacterium Symbioses CY APR 21-23, 2007 CL Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ HO Univ Arizona DE bacteria; 'Candidatus Paenicardinium endonii'; 'Candidatus Xiphinematobacter spp.'; endosymbionts; Pasteuria spp.; plant-parasitic nematodes; symbiosis ID SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA RACE-1; NORTH-AMERICAN ISOLATE; PASTEURIA SP ATTACKING; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; TYLENCHULUS-SEMIPENETRANS; OBLIGATE ENDOPARASITE; LIFE-CYCLE; BELONOLAIMUS-LONGICAUDATUS AB Several groups of bacteria have been reported as endosymbionts of various orders of nematodes including the filarial nematodes (Brugia malayi, Wucheria bancrofti and Onchocerca volvulus (Spiruida)), the entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema spp., and Heterorhabditis spp. (Rhabditida)), and plant-parasitic nematodes (Dorylaimida and Tylenchida). This paper reviews the research on the symbiotic associations of bacteria with plant-parasitic nematodes and the implication for biological control of these nematodes. Emphasis is given to Pasteuria spp. (Firmicutes), the best characterized endosymbiont of plant-parasitic nematodes with demonstrated potential for use as biological control agents. Candidatus Paenicardinium endonii (Bacteroidetes), a recently described endosymbiont of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines also is discussed. C1 [Atibalentja, Ndeme] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Atibalentja, N (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM andeme@uiuc.edu; g-noell@uiuc.edu NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-5114 J9 SYMBIOSIS JI Symbiosis PY 2008 VL 46 IS 2 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 302JU UT WOS:000255965400004 ER PT J AU Fajardo, D Castillo, R Salas, A Spooner, DM AF Fajardo, Diego Castillo, Raul Salas, Alberto Spooner, David M. TI A morphometric study of species boundaries of the wild potato Solanum series Conicibaccata: a replicated field trial in Andean Peru SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE wild potatoes; replicated morphological studies; Solanum section Petota; series Conicibaccata; series Piurana ID BREVICAULE COMPLEX SOLANACEAE; SECT. PETOTA; MORPHOLOGICAL DATA; MOLECULAR-DATA; TAXONOMY; LONGIPEDICELLATA; MEGISTACROLOBUM; REEXAMINATION; HYBRIDIZATION; HYPOTHESES AB Solanum series Conicibaccata contains about 40 wild potato (section Petota) species distributed from southern Mexico to central Bolivia. It contains diploids (2n = 2x = 24), tetraploids (2n = 4x = 48) and hexaploids (2n = 6x = 72) and some polyploids are likely allopolyploids. Our morphological phenetic study in an Andean site in central Peru (12 degrees S, 3200 m altitude) is a replicated study from one done in the north central United States (45 degrees N, 180 in elevation) but uses more species (28 vs. 25), accessions (173 vs. 100), and morphological characters (72 vs. 45) and also includes members of related series Piurana. Both US and Peruvian studies provide phenetic support with Canonical Discriminant Analyses (but poorly if at all with Principal Components Analyses) to distinguish the following species or species groups in series Conicibaccata: 1) S. agrimonifolium and S. oxycarpum as a possible single species, and 2) S. longiconicum (tetraploids from Mexico and Central America), 3) the South American Conicibaccata diploids as a possible single species, except for 4) S. trinitense that is distinctive, 5) the South American tetraploids as a group except for 6) S. flahaultii that is distinctive. However, character states among these species or species groups are often present only by using a range of widely overlapping character states (polythetic support). We suspect that our continuing molecular studies will support the synonymy of many of these species. C1 [Fajardo, Diego; Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Castillo, Raul] Sugarcane Res Ctr, Guayaquil, Ecuador. [Salas, Alberto] Int Potato Ctr, Lima, Peru. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dspooner@wisc.edu NR 36 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI BRONX PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458-5126 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 33 IS 1 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1600/036364408783887519 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 267LQ UT WOS:000253510900020 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML AF Buffington, Matthew L. TI What Wasp is that? SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Software Review C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Hymenoptera Unit, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Hymenoptera Unit, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6970 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 33 IS 1 BP 210 EP 211 PG 2 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 263OZ UT WOS:000253227700012 ER PT J AU Leonard, JM Watson, CJW Carter, AH Hansen, JL Zemetra, RS Santra, DK Campbell, KG Riera-Lizarazu, O AF Leonard, Jeffery M. Watson, Christy J. W. Carter, Arron H. Hansen, Jennifer L. Zemetra, Robert S. Santra, Dipak K. Campbell, Kimberly G. Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar TI Identification of a candidate gene for the wheat endopeptidase Ep-D1 locus and two other STS markers linked to the eyespot resistance gene Pch1 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FOOT ROT RESISTANCE; PSEUDOCERCOSPORELLA-HERPOTRICHOIDES; OLIGOPEPTIDASE-B; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; DISEASE; POLYMORPHISM; LOCATION; ISOZYME; REGISTRATION; PURIFICATION AB Wheat is prone to strawbreaker foot rot (eyespot), a fungal disease caused by Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis. The most effective source of genetic resistance is Pch1, a gene derived from Aegilops ventricosa. The endopeptidase isozyme marker allele Ep-D1b, linked to Pch1, has been shown to be more effective for tracking resistance than DNA-based markers developed to date. Therefore, we sought to identify a candidate gene for Ep-D1 as a basis for a DNA-based marker. Comparative mapping suggested that the endopeptidase loci Ep-D1 (wheat), enp1 (maize), and Enp (rice) were orthologous. Since the product of the maize endopeptidase locus enp1 has been shown to exhibit biochemical properties similar to oligopeptidase B purified from E. coli, we reasoned that Ep-D1 may also encode an oligopeptidase B. Consistent with this hypothesis, a sequence-tagged-site (STS) marker, Xorw1, derived from an oligopeptidase B-encoding wheat expressed-sequence-tag (EST) showed complete linkage with Ep-D1 and Pch1 in a population of 254 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between wheat cultivars Coda and Brundage. Two other STS markers, Xorw5 and Xorw6, and three microsatellite markers (Xwmc14, Xbarc97, and Xcfd175) were also completely linked to Pch1. On the other hand, Xwmc14, Xbarc97, and Xcfd175 showed recombination in the W7984 x Opata85 RIL population suggesting that recombination near Pch1 is reduced in the Coda/Brundage population. In a panel of 44 wheat varieties with known eyespot reactions, Xorw1, Xorw5, and Xorw6 were 100% accurate in predicting the presence or absence of Pch1 whereas Xwmc14, Xbarc97, and Xcfd175 were less effective. Thus, linkage mapping and a germplasm survey suggest that the STS markers identified here should be useful for indirect selection of Pch1. C1 [Leonard, Jeffery M.; Watson, Christy J. W.; Zemetra, Robert S.; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Carter, Arron H.; Hansen, Jennifer L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Santra, Dipak K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Campbell, Kimberly G.] Washington State Univ, USDA,ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Riera-Lizarazu, O (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 107 Crop Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. OI Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar/0000-0002-7477-4063 NR 32 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 116 IS 2 BP 261 EP 270 DI 10.1007/s00122-007-0664-4 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 243LC UT WOS:000251797200009 PM 17952400 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA AF Abrams, Steven A. BE Versalovic, J Wilson, M TI Effects of Prebiotic Supplementation on Bone Mineral Metabolism and Weight in Humans SO THERAPEUTIC MICROBIOLOGY: PROBIOTICS AND RELATED STRATEGIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INULIN-TYPE FRUCTANS; BODY-MASS INDEX; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; YOUNG ADOLESCENTS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; RATS; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CHILDHOOD; MAGNESIUM; CHILDREN C1 [Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-403-8 PY 2008 BP 175 EP 182 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA BOY03 UT WOS:000277999300014 ER PT B AU Newman, C AF Newman, Corbin BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Vegetation Simulation and Our Changing World: Keynote Address SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Newman, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700001 ER PT B AU Crookston, NL Rehfeldt, GE Ferguson, DE Warwell, M AF Crookston, Nicholas L. Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Ferguson, Dennis E. Warwell, Marcus BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI FVS and Global Warming: A Prospectus for Future Development SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; MODEL; RESPONSES; INDEX AB Climate-change global warming and changes in precipitation-will cause changes in tree growth rates, mortality rates, the distribution of tree species, competition, and species interactions. An implicit assumption in FVS is that site quality will remain the same as it was during the time period observations used to calibrate the component models were made and that the site quality will not be affected by climate change. This paper presents evidence of the impacts of climate change on forests and argues that FVS needs to be revised to account for these changes. The changes include modification of the growth, mortality, and regeneration establishment models, all of which need to account for changes in site quality and genetic adaptation. Criteria for modifying the model recognize that the model's applications and uses will not diminish and need to be supported. The new process, climate change, needs to be recognized by the model because it influences all of the processes FVS currently represents. Plans are being made to address this major task. C1 [Crookston, Nicholas L.; Rehfeldt, Gerald E.; Ferguson, Dennis E.; Warwell, Marcus] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest & Woodland Ecosyst Program, Moscow, ID USA. RP Crookston, NL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest & Woodland Ecosyst Program, Moscow, ID USA. EM ncrookston@fs.fed.us; ncrookston@fs.fed.us NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 7 EP 16 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700002 ER PT B AU Hoover, C Rebain, S AF Hoover, Coeli Rebain, Stephanie BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI The Kane Experimental Forest Carbon Inventory: Carbon Reporting with FVS SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB As the number of state and regional climate change agreements grows, so does the need to assess the carbon implications of planned forest management actions. At the operational level, producing detailed stock estimates for the primary carbon pools becomes time-consuming and cumbersome. Carbon reporting functionality has been fully integrated within the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS), allowing users to produce carbon reports along with traditional FVS output. This added capability can be easily used by managers familiar with FVS and requires just a few additional keywords. All methodologies and computations are consistent with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and U.S. standards. In this paper we present a current carbon inventory for the Kane Experimental Forest, an Allegheny hardwood forest located in northwestern Pennsylvania. Future carbon stocks are also projected using the new carbon budgeting capabilities of FVS. C1 [Hoover, Coeli] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. RP Hoover, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. EM choover@fs.fed.us NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 17 EP 22 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700003 ER PT B AU Smith, JK Zimmerman, DE Akerelrea, C O'Keefe, G AF Smith, Jane Kapler Zimmerman, Donald E. Akerelrea, Carol O'Keefe, Garrett BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Effects of Using Visualization and Animation in Presentations to Communities About Forest Succession and Fire Behavior Potential SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB Natural resource managers use a variety of computer-mediated presentation methods to communicate management practices to the public. We explored the effects of using the Stand Visualization System to visualize and animate predictions from the Forest Vegetation Simulator-Fire and Fuels Extension in presentations explaining forest succession (forest growth and change over time), fire behavior, and management options. We used an experimental design with purposive samples of three populations: rural mountain residents, town residents, and student groups. We compared participants' knowledge gain and attitudes after a visualized, animated presentation to knowledge gain and attitudes after a non-visualized, non-animated presentation. Participants gained substantial information (statistically significant) from both visualized and nonvisualized presentations. Mountain residents gained significantly more information from the visualized, animated presentation than from the non-visualized, non-animated presentation. While not statistically significant, mountain residents tended to score slightly higher than town residents and students on all knowledge topics. The groups viewing the visualized, animated presentations rated the visuals significantly more attractive and the presentations easier to follow than did the groups viewing the non-visualized, non-animated presentations. We found no significant differences within or between groups in perception of the USDA Forest Service, and no significant differences in agreement that models, such as FVS-FFE, added to the credibility of the Forest Service. C1 [Smith, Jane Kapler] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Smith, JK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. EM jsmith09@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700004 ER PT B AU Seli, RC Ager, AA Crookston, NL Finney, MA Bahro, B Agee, JK McHugh, CW AF Seli, Robert C. Ager, Alan A. Crookston, Nicholas L. Finney, Mark A. Bahro, Berni Agee, James K. McHugh, Charles W. BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Incorporating Landscape Fuel Treatment Modeling into the Forest Vegetation Simulator SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB A simulation system was developed to explore how fuel treatments placed in random and optimal spatial patterns affect the growth and behavior of large fires when implemented at different rates over the course of five decades. The system consists of several command line programs linked together: (1) FVS with the Parallel Processor (PPE) and Fire and Fuels (FFE) extensions that pauses the simulation during each cycle and transfers data to and from other system components; (2) a component to create the spatial landscape file with fuel model logic to select fuel models not available in FFE; and (3) a command line version of FlamMap utilizing the Minimum Travel Time fire growth method and Treatment Optimization Model to identify treatments, simulate wildfires, and evaluate the performance of the fuel treatments. Simulations were performed for three study areas: Sanders County in western Montana, the Stanislaus National Forest in California, and the Blue Mountains in eastern Oregon utilizing the Inland Empire, Western Sierra, and Blue Mountain FVS variants. Several limitations of FVS were identified during the project. Understory vegetation important for fuel modeling is not simulated in FVS, and the cap of 10,000 stands in PPE limited the size of the analysis areas. This simulation system required a large time commitment for data development, multiprocessor computer hardware to perform the simulations, and a range of technical expertise that is more specialized than land management agencies are currently staffed to handle. The system was successful in meeting the project's requirements. The research nature of this simulation system suggests it is probably not practical to run in most places for operational planning uses. C1 [Seli, Robert C.; Finney, Mark A.; McHugh, Charles W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Seli, RC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. EM rseli@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 27 EP 39 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700005 ER PT B AU Maffei, HM Filip, GM Chadwick, KL David, L AF Maffei, Helen M. Filip, Gregory M. Chadwick, Kristen L. David, Lance BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Western Root Disease Model Simulation Versus Plot Remeasurement: 11 Years of Change in Stand Structure and Density Induced by Armillaria Root Disease in Central Oregon SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB The purpose of this analysis was to use long term permanent plots to evaluate the short-term predictive capability of the Western Root Disease Model extension (WRDM) of the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) in central Oregon mixed-conifer forests in project planning situations. Measured (1991-2002) structure and density changes on a 100-acre unmanaged area in south-central Oregon were compared to those predicted by the Southern-Oregon Northern-California variant (SORNEC) of FVS and the WRDM. Within the study area there were 149 variable-radius plots within 12 stands. Predictions were assessed using five variables that were collectively chosen to represent changes in stand density, stand structure, and are commonly used in project planning. For each indicator variable, projections were made using SORNEC alone and then with the WRDM. Projections were made at both the stand and plot level. Where Armillaria root disease was present, the WRDM better predicted root disease impact than projections using SORNEC alone. Plot projections with the WRDM reduced the unexplained variation an average of 35% over projections made with SORNEC alone. Root disease impacts were generally overestimated using the WRDM as compared to measured changes. The correlations between the predictions and what was measured were much higher and always significant (p <=.0.05) using plots and usually not significant using stands. The level of effort needed to parameterize and troubleshoot the WRDM creates significant barriers to its use as a project planning tool. Improvements that could reduce these barriers and thus, make the WRDM more attractive to project planners would be to provide users with a set of key parameters that are calibrated, offer full automation of the post-run data summaries, and make the root disease distribution and spread more transparent. C1 [Maffei, Helen M.; Chadwick, Kristen L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Bend, OR USA. RP Maffei, HM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Reg 6, Bend, OR USA. EM hmaffei@fs.fed.us; gmfilip@fs.fed.us; klchadwick@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 55 EP 67 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700007 ER PT B AU Vandendriesche, D Haugen, L AF Vandendriesche, Don Haugen, Linda BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Comparison of FVS Projection of Oak Decline on the Mark Twain National Forest to Actual Growth and Mortality as Measured Over Three FIA Inventory Cycles SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB Oak decline has been recorded on oak forests throughout the Ozark Plateau of Missouri since the 1970s, but severe drought in the late 1990s, combined with the advancing age of the Ozark forests, has intensified the levels of crown dieback and mortality beyond historical levels. The purpose of this project was to determine whether the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) model could accurately predict the effect of oak decline on the Mark Twain National Forest (MTNF). Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data were used to benchmark mortality magnitude and to adjust FVS growth projections. Data from inventory cycles 3 (1976-1977), 4 (1986-1987), and 5 (1999-2003) were available for approximately 150 oak stands on the MTNF. These data were translated into FVS-ready format and projected with and without the Oak Decline Event Monitor (ODEM) addfile. Actual growth and mortality versus projected values were compared. In the absence of harvesting or other major disturbance, baseline mortality per size class in a healthy forest is generally constant and departure from this constant may indicate unsustainable forest conditions. We compared current mortality rates to calculated mortality rates between inventory cycles 3 and 4 (i.e. prior to the latest decline events) to indicate whether mortality rates increased between inventory periods. This paper describes the FVS adjustments and methodology used; assesses the usefulness of FIA data and application of the ODEM addfile for this project; and discusses how FVS tools and comparison of baseline mortality rates could be used to predict future trends in Missouri oak forests. C1 [Vandendriesche, Don] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Vandendriesche, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM dvandendriesche@fs.fed.us NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 68 EP 80 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700008 ER PT B AU Henderson, EB AF Henderson, Eric B. BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Development of State and Transition Model Assumptions Used in National Forest Plan Revision SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB State and transition models are being utilized in forest management analysis processes to evaluate assumptions about disturbances and succession. These models assume valid information about seral class successional pathways and timing. The Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) was used to evaluate seral class succession assumptions for the Hiawatha National Forest in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plots located on the Hiawatha were stratified by Ecological Land Type and major forest type. A set of algorithms was developed for FVS to grow and evaluate the size class of the plot at each time step of the simulation. Results were evaluated to determine the amount of time vegetation spends in each state before it succeeds. This information was used as basic input for both the Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool and the Spectrum forest planning model used by the Hiawatha for its 2006 forest plan revision. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Escanaba, MI 49829 USA. RP Henderson, EB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Escanaba, MI 49829 USA. EM ehenderson@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 89 EP 97 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700010 ER PT B AU Vandendriesche, D AF Vandendriesche, Don BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Landscape Analysis Software Tools SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB Recently, several new computer programs have been developed to assist in landscape analysis. The "Sequential Processing Routine for Arraying Yields" (SPRAY) program was designed to run a group of stands with particular treatment activities to produce vegetation yield profiles for forest planning. SPRAY uses existing Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) software coupled with a user interface that allows easy input of stand types, their associated silvicultural prescriptions, and possible timing options. Additionally, two support programs that facilitate data processing and interpretation are available. The "Combine" program was developed to summarize data at the strata level. This entails compiling output from individual samples (i.e. inventory plots or stands) and reporting composite values that can be used by SPRAY during batch processing. The "Yield Examination Program" (YEP) provides a graphical display of the vegetation yield profiles. YEP imports data from SPRAY output files to populate the data sources used for rendering scatter plots. A brief synopsis of each program is presented. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Vandendriesche, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM dvandendriesche@fs.fed.us NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 116 EP 122 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700012 ER PT B AU Miles, PD AF Miles, Patrick D. BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Forest Inventory and Analysis Data for FVS Modelers SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management AB The USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program has been in continuous operation for over 70 years. FIA's primary objective is to determine the extent, condition, volume, growth, and depletion of timber on the Nation's forest land. To accomplish this objective, FIA collects sample plot information on all ownerships across the United States. The Forest Inventory and Analysis Database (FIADB) (Miles and others 2001), was developed to provide users with a nationally consistent format for FIA data. FIADB files can be obtained for any State inventory conducted after 1988 for the Eastern United States or 1994 for the Western United States. All data in FIADB format can be exported into FVS-ready files for use in the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) program. The FIA program is working with a variety of cooperators to develop alternative pathways for delivering FIA data to FVS users. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Miles, PD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Unit, St Paul, MN USA. EM pmiles@fs.fed.us NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700013 ER PT B AU Hudak, AT Evans, JS Crookston, NL Falkowski, MJ Steigers, BK Taylor, R Hemingway, H AF Hudak, Andrew T. Evans, Jeffrey S. Crookston, Nicholas L. Falkowski, Michael J. Steigers, Brant K. Taylor, Rob Hemingway, Halli BE Havis, RN Crookston, NL TI Aggregating Pixel-Level Basal Area Predictions Derived from LiDAR Data to Industrial Forest Stands in North-Central Idaho SO THIRD FOREST VEGETATION SIMULATOR CONFERENCE SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Forest Vegetation Simulator Conference CY FEB 13-15, 2007 CL Ft Collins, CO SP Soc Amer Foresters, Int Union Forestry Res Org, Div 4, USDA Forest Serv Rocky Mt Res Stn, UDSA Forest Serv State & Private Forestry, UDSA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, UDSA Forest Serv Natl Headquarters Forest Management DE forest inventory; forest management; Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS); imputation; modeling and mapping; randomForest; regression; remote sensing ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MODEL VALIDATION; OREGON AB Stand exams are the principal means by which timber companies monitor and manage their forested lands. Airborne LiDAR surveys sample forest stands at much finer spatial resolution and broader spatial extent than is practical on the ground. In this paper, we developed models that leverage spatially intensive and extensive LiDAR data and a stratified random sample of field plots across two mixed conifer forest landscapes in north-central Idaho. Our objective was to compare alternative models for producing unbiased maps of basal area per acre (BAA; ft2/acre), towards the greater goal of developing more accurate and efficient inventory techniques. We generated 60 topographic or stand structure metrics from LiDAR that were used as candidate predictor variables for modeling and mapping BAA at the scale of 30m pixels. Tree diameters were tallied in 1/10 and 1/5 acre fixed-radius plots (N = 165). Four models are presented, all based on 12 predictor variables. The first imputes BAA as an auxiliary variable from an imputation model that uses the machine learning algorithm randomForest in classification mode, and was developed in a prior study to map species-level basal areas of 11 conifer species; the second uses randomForest in regression mode to predict BAA as a single response variable from these same 12 predictor variables. The third is a linear regression model that predicts In-transformed BAA using a best subset of 12 different predictor variables; the fourth again uses randomForest in regression mode, based on the same best subset of 12 variables selected for the linear regression model. We aggregated the pixel-level predictions within industrial forest stand boundaries, and then used equivalence plots to evaluate how well the aggregated predictions matched independent stand exams (having projected the tree growth in FVS and updated the stand tables to July 2003, the time of the LiDAR acquisition). All four models overpredicted BAA, but the bias was significant only in the case of the regression model. Predictions from the two randomForest models run in regression mode were very similar, despite using different predictor variables. We conclude that randomForest can be used to impute or predict canopy structure information from LiDAR-derived topographic and structural metrics with sufficient accuracy for operational management of conifer forests. In the future, tree lists could be imputed from LiDAR-derived canopy structure metrics empirically related to plot-level tree measurements. This will allow projections of tree growth at the pixel level across forested landscapes, instead of at the stand level as is the current norm. C1 [Hudak, Andrew T.; Evans, Jeffrey S.; Crookston, Nicholas L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Hudak, AT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. EM ahudak@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 VL 54 BP 133 EP 146 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BPB78 UT WOS:000278477700015 ER PT J AU George, JE Pound, JM Davey, RB AF George, J. E. Pound, J. M. Davey, R. B. BE Bowman, AS Nuttall, PA TI Acaricides for controlling ticks on cattle and the problem of acaricide resistance SO TICKS: BIOLOGY, DISEASE AND CONTROL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS ACARI; PERSISTENT EFFICACY; ANNULATUS ACARI; POUR-ON; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; CANESTRINI ACARI; FIELD CONDITIONS C1 [George, J. E.; Pound, J. M.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Davey, R. B.] ARS, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, USDA, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP George, JE (reprint author), ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. NR 99 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-86761-0 PY 2008 BP 408 EP 423 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511551802.019 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511551802 PG 16 WC Entomology; Parasitology SC Entomology; Parasitology GA BDX36 UT WOS:000315527800019 ER PT S AU Bergman, D Bender, S Wenning, K Slate, D Rupprecht, C Heuser, C DeLiberto, T AF Bergman, D. Bender, S. Wenning, K. Slate, D. Rupprecht, C. Heuser, C. DeLiberto, T. BE Dodet, B Fooks, AR Miller, T Tordo, N TI Bait acceptability for delivery of oral rabies vaccine to free-ranging dogs on the Navajo and Hopi Nations SO TOWARDS THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EURASIA SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint OIE/WHO/EU International Conference on Towards te Elimination if Rabies in Eurasia CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP World Org Anim Hlth, World Hlth Org, European Union DE baits; dogs; oral vaccination; rabies ID FIELD-EVALUATION; DOMESTIC DOGS; RACCOONS AB In many areas of the world, only 30 to 50% of dogs are vaccinated against rabies. On some US Indian Reservations, vaccination rates may be as low as 5 to 20%. In 2003 and 2004, we evaluated the effectiveness of commercially available baits to deliver oral rabies vaccine to feral and free-ranging dogs on the Navajo and Hopi Nations. Dogs were offered one of the following baits containing a plastic packet filled with placebo vaccine: vegetable shortening-based Ontario slim baits (Artemis Technologies, Inc.), fish-meal-crumble coated sachets (Merial, Ltd.), dog food polymer baits (Bait-Tek, Inc.), or fish meal polymer baits (Bait-Tek, Inc.). One bait was offered to each animal and its behaviour toward the bait was recorded. Behaviours included: bait ignored, bait swallowed whole, bait chewed and discarded (sachet intact), bait chewed and discarded (sachet punctured), or bait chewed and consumed (sachet punctured). Bait acceptance ranged from 30.7% to 77.8% with the fish-meal-crumble coated sachets having the highest acceptance rate of the tested baits. C1 [Bergman, D.; Wenning, K.; Slate, D.; Heuser, C.; DeLiberto, T.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85021 USA. RI Bergman, David/C-6874-2015 OI Bergman, David/0000-0002-6757-643X NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-6074 BN 978-3-8055-8550-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 2008 VL 131 BP 145 EP 150 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BHX15 UT WOS:000257140900014 PM 18634474 ER PT S AU Chipman, R Slate, D Rupprecht, C Mendoza, M AF Chipman, R. Slate, D. Rupprecht, C. Mendoza, M. BE Dodet, B Fooks, AR Miller, T Tordo, N TI Downside risk of wildlife translocation SO TOWARDS THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EURASIA SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint OIE/WHO/EU International Conference on Towards te Elimination if Rabies in Eurasia CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP World Org Anim Hlth, World Hlth Org, European Union DE translocation; relocation; mesocarnivores; human-wildlife conflict; wildlife disease; rabies ID RABIES; CARNIVORES; RACCOONS; STATES AB Translocation has been used successfully by wildlife professionals to enhance or reintroduce populations of rare or extirpated wildlife, provide hunting or wildlife viewing opportunities, farm wild game, and reduce local human-wildlife conflicts. However, accidental and intentional translocations may have multiple unintended negative consequences, including increased stress and mortality of relocated animals, negative impacts on resident animals at release sites, increased conflicts with human interests, and the spread of diseases. Many wildlife professionals now question the practice of translocation, particularly in light of the need to contain or eliminate high profile, economically important wildlife disease's and because using this technique may jeopardize international wildlife disease management initiatives to control rabies in raccoons, coyotes, and foxes in North America. Incidents have been documented where specific rabies variants (Texas gray fox, canine variant in coyotes, and raccoon) have been moved well beyond their current range as a result of translocation, including the emergence of raccoon rabies in the eastern United States. Here, we review and discuss the substantial challenges of curtailing translocation in the USA, focusing on movement of animals by the public, nuisance wildlife control operators, and wildlife rehabilitators. C1 [Chipman, R.] APHIS, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Rabies Management Program, New York, NY 12033 USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 25 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-6074 BN 978-3-8055-8550-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 2008 VL 131 BP 223 EP 232 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BHX15 UT WOS:000257140900023 PM 18634483 ER PT S AU Slate, D Rupprecht, CE Donovan, D Badcock, J Messier, A Chipman, R Mendoza, M Nelson, K AF Slate, D. Rupprecht, C. E. Donovan, D. Badcock, J. Messier, A. Chipman, R. Mendoza, M. Nelson, K. BE Dodet, B Fooks, AR Miller, T Tordo, N TI Attaining raccoon rabies management goals: History and challenges SO TOWARDS THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EURASIA SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint OIE/WHO/EU International Conference on Towards te Elimination if Rabies in Eurasia CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP World Org Anim Hlth, World Hlth Org, European Union DE raccoon; Procyon lotor; rabies; oral rabies vaccination; enhanced surveillance; North America ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; DENSITY; ONTARIO AB Prior to 1977, raccoon (Procyon lotor) rabies was confined to the southeastern US. Translocations led to emergence of this rabies variant in the mid-Atlantic states, followed by spread northerly to northeast Ohio and Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick, Canada. Raccoon rabies is currently contiguous from southwest Alabama to southeastern Canada. Since 1998, state, federal, county and municipal as well as Canadian and Mexican experts have collaborated on goals and strategies to prevent raccoon rabies spread in North America. Coordinated programmes have been established from Maine to Alabama. Successes have been realized through strategies that rely heavily on oral vaccination. International coordination targeting raccoon rabies continues in eastern Canada, where contingency actions have led to elimination or near elimination in Ontario and New Brunswick. However, increasingly, focus in the US has been directed toward contingency actions to "hold-the-line" where raccoon rabies threatens to spread to new areas, rather than on raccoon rabies elimination. We report on the challenges of achieving enhanced rabies surveillance, containment of raccoon rabies, and local elimination of raccoon rabies, as well as the need for international coordination in meeting these challenges. C1 [Slate, D.; Nelson, K.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-6074 BN 978-3-8055-8550-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 2008 VL 131 BP 439 EP 447 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BHX15 UT WOS:000257140900046 PM 18634506 ER PT J AU Hsiao, SH Wicklow, D Haschek, W AF Hsiao, Shih-Hsuan Wicklow, Donald Haschek, Wanda TI Cytotoxicity of Pyrrocidines in HepG2 Hepatocytes and PK15 Renal Cells SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hsiao, Shih-Hsuan; Haschek, Wanda] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wicklow, Donald] USDA ARS, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 MA P35 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 463UF UT WOS:000267456900054 ER PT J AU Abbas, H AF Abbas, Hamed K. TI INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON EMERGING ISSUES IN MYCOTOXIN RESEARCH SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material AB . C1 ARS, USDA, CG & PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Abbas, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CG & PRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 139 EP 141 AR PII 905308112 DI 10.1080/15569540802499844 PG 3 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000001 ER PT J AU Robens, J AF Robens, Jane TI AFLATOXINRECOGNITION, UNDERSTANDING, AND CONTROL WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE ROLE OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; preharvest control; atoxigenic A; flavus; AF 36; biosynthesis; A; flavus genome; peanut; corn; cottonseed; tree nuts ID SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; PATHWAY GENE-CLUSTER; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; CONTAMINATED CORN; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION; MISSISSIPPI-DELTA; TURKEY POULTS; PARASITICUS; HYBRIDS AB Aflatoxin, a metabolite of the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, has been considered one of the world's most serious food safety problems since it was first identified in the 1960s following large numbers of turkey deaths in Britain. Imported peanut meal was targeted as the cause, leading to identification of mold hyphae, the causative fungus A. flavus, and isolation and identification of aflatoxins as the causative mycotoxins. The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) quickly joined the scientific effort in the 1960s to control aflatoxin and to assure food safety by toxicity testing and developing methodology for identification, quantification, and detoxification of aflatoxin. As National Program Leader for Food Safety at the ARS, I initiated a national aflatoxin research program to provide efficacious, workable preharvest controls to decrease losses and help assure human safety by preventing aflatoxin from occurring in susceptible commodities, peanut, corn, cottonseed, and tree nuts. A series of Aflatoxin Elimination Workshops was established to bring together the ARS scientists, university scientists, and industry representatives in a cooperative effort to control aflatoxin. The first success was methodology to reduce contamination of Arizona cottonseed by applying an atoxigenic strain of A. flavus, AF 36, to outcompete native toxigenic strains. This methodology is being extended to peanuts, corn, and tree nuts. Other lines of investigation include the discovery of natural compounds that prevent aflatoxin biosynthesis; understanding the role of oxidative stress in aflatoxin formation; and the isolation and identification of aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway synthesis and regulatory genes. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Program Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Robens, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Program Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jane.robens@verizon.net NR 95 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 143 EP 169 AR PII 905312413 DI 10.1080/15569540802450367 PG 27 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000002 ER PT J AU Wu, F Liu, Y Bhatnagar, D AF Wu, Felicia Liu, Yan Bhatnagar, Deepak TI COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF AFLATOXIN CONTROL METHODS: ECONOMIC INCENTIVES SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin control methods; biocontrol; Bt corn; economic incentives; cost-effectiveness ID CORN; MYCOTOXINS; REDUCTION; CONTAMINATION; STANDARDS; FUNGI AB Multiple sectors within U.S. crop industriesgrowers, elevators, handlers/shell- ers, processors, distributors, and consumersare affected by aflatoxin contamination of commodities, and have the potential to control it using methods developed at both the pre- and postharvest levels. While methods exist, adoption is low; thus, we seek to investigate ways to increase adoption. We believe there are at least three ways to improve adoption of existing aflatoxin control techniques: (1) providing economic incentives; (2) proving and or improving cost-effectiveness of the control methods; and (3) education/outreach across all the relevant industry sectors. Frequently within a commodity there is a mismatch in economic incentives, such that different sectors bear the brunt of aflatoxin costs at disproportionate rates. For example, corn and cottonseed growers bear most of the cost for aflatoxin control, whereas in peanuts and tree nuts, shellers and handlers incur the costs of aflatoxin control. Thus, peanut and tree nut growers may have no economic incentive to apply preharvest aflatoxin control. Postharvest control options are limited and in many cases are not yet approved by the EPA or FDA. The Kaldor-Hicks efficiency criterion may help to resolve this economic dilemma. If this criterion was to be applied to aflatoxin control in peanut and tree nuts, growers could be compensated by shellers/handlers to adopt preharvest aflatoxin control methods. However, the control methods must be cost-effective for this compensatory arrangement to work. We present three case studies of cost-effectiveness to reduce aflatoxin contamination in different crops: AF36 in cottonseed, Bt in corn, and Afla-Guard in peanuts. C1 [Wu, Felicia; Liu, Yan] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr 7, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Wu, F (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 100 Technol Dr,Rm 560, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. FU Aflatoxin Elimination Workgroup; USDA Agricultural Research Services (ARS); U.S. crop industries FX This work was funded in part by a cooperative agreement from the Aflatoxin Elimination Workgroup, a partnership of the USDA Agricultural Research Services (ARS) and U.S. crop industries. The authors wish to thank the following individuals for their insights and information on aflatoxin costs in commodities affected by aflatoxin: Hamed Abbas, Julie Adams, Larry Antilla, Paul Bertels, Bruce Campbell, Peter Cotty, Joseph Dorner, Bruce Hammond, Merle Jacobs, Robert Klein, Marshall Lamb, Russell Molyneux, Jane Robens, Howard Valentine, Phillip Wakelyn, and Thomas Wedegaertner. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1556-9543 EI 1556-9551 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 203 EP 225 AR PII 905278022 DI 10.1080/15569540802393690 PG 23 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000004 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, JR Abbas, HK AF Wilkinson, J. R. Abbas, H. K. TI AFLATOXIN, ASPERGILLUS, MAIZE, AND THE RELEVANCE TO ALTERNATIVE FUELS (OR AFLATOXIN: WHAT IS IT, CAN WE GET RID OF IT, AND SHOULD THE ETHANOL INDUSTRY CARE?) SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; corn ID VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; SECONDARY METABOLISM; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; NONTOXIGENIC STRAINS; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; MISSISSIPPI-DELTA AB The contamination of agricultural commodities by Aspergillus flavus and its subsequent production of aflatoxin is a well-known problem. The resulting aflatoxin contamination, if undetected, results in fatal health issues for both humans and animals. To prevent these effects regulatory limits on aflatoxin levels are enforced both domestically and internationally. These regulations result in the loss of contaminated commodities, which is an economic hardship to producers and local and national economies. Multiple relationships between fungi, substrate, and the environment have been investigated in efforts to design strategies to reduce the economic and health impacts associated with aflatoxin, including investigations of the life cycle of Aspergillus, fungal vectoring, fungal pathogenicity, biocontrol, host resistance, and decontamination of the infected crops. However, due to the complicated interactions of environment, host, and pathogen, the Aspergillus-host interaction is still poorly understood; thus, Aspergillus infection and aflatoxin production remains a pressing agricultural issue. As the demand for alternative fuels increases, the importance of a mechanism that can reduce aflatoxin contamination and the impact of failure to accomplish this become more critical to our nation and the world at large. In this review the relationships among aflatoxin biosynthesis, stability, Aspergillus ecology, biocontrol, and host resistance are discussed, specifically as they relate to maize, and the increasing demand for ethanol. C1 [Wilkinson, J. R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Abbas, H. K.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Wilkinson, JR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Box 9650, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jwilkinson@bch.msstate.edu FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station [J-11372]; Mississippi State University FX This work was approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-11372 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. NR 228 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 227 EP 260 AR PII 905305279 DI 10.1080/15569540802439667 PG 34 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000005 ER PT J AU Palumbo, J O'Keeffe, T Abbas, H AF Palumbo, Jeffrey D. O'Keeffe, Teresa L. Abbas, Hamed K. TI MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS WITH MYCOTOXIGENIC FUNGI AND MYCOTOXINS SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus; Fusarium; Penicillium; mycotoxins; biocontrol; microbe-microbe interactions; microbial ecology ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; BURKHOLDERIA-CEPACIA COMPLEX; FUMONISIN B-1 PRODUCTION; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; BACILLUS-MOJAVENSIS; SEEDLING BLIGHT; SPOILAGE FUNGI; IN-VITRO AB Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, and ochratoxins are contaminants of many agronomic crops worldwide, and cause both economic losses and health effects. The potential of antagonistic microorganisms to be developed into biological control agents has been investigated in several crop systems, as alternatives to chemical fungicides for control of mycotoxigenic fungi. Laboratory and greenhouse studies have identified a number of bacterial, yeast, and filamentous fungal isolates that reduce crop contamination of mycotoxigenic fungi, although investigations of field efficacy have been limited. These studies demonstrate that the diversity of ecological interactions between mycotoxigenic fungi and other resident microorganisms may provide tools for development of biocontrol methods to reduce mycotoxin contamination. C1 [Palumbo, Jeffrey D.; O'Keeffe, Teresa L.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Palumbo, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jeffrey.palumbo@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 261 EP 285 AR PII 905277723 DI 10.1080/15569540802416301 PG 25 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000006 ER PT J AU Reddy, KRN Reddy, CS Abbas, HK Abel, CA Muralidharan, K AF Reddy, K. R. N. Reddy, C. S. Abbas, H. K. Abel, C. A. Muralidharan, K. TI MYCOTOXIGENIC FUNGI, MYCOTOXINS, AND MANAGEMENT OF RICE GRAINS SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE rice; mycotoxigenic fungi; mycotoxins; botanicals; microbiologicals ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SHEATH ROT DISEASE; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; NATURAL OCCURRENCE; AFLATOXIN B-1; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; RHODOCOCCUS-ERYTHROPOLIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TOXIN PRODUCTION AB Mycotoxin contamination in certain agricultural commodities has been a serious concern for human and animal health. Mycotoxins are substances produced mostly as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi that grow on seeds, grains, and feed in the field, or in storage. The major mycotoxin-producing fungi are species of Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. Aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, ochratoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, patulin, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, citrinin, gliotoxin, and sterigmatocystin are some of the important mycotoxins. This paper reviews the mycotoxigenic fungi, their levels of mycotoxins, and their management by using botanicals, microbiologicals, and cooking methods in rice. The data from detailed investigations on rice seeds and grains help to provide safe grains for consumption and export, and prioritize future research programs. C1 [Reddy, K. R. N.; Reddy, C. S.; Muralidharan, K.] Directorate Rice Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Abbas, H. K.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, C. A.] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Reddy, KRN (reprint author), Directorate Rice Res, Dept Plant Pathol, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM drkrnreddy@gmail.com FU Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi FX We gratefully acknowledge help from Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi for providing financial assistance through the aflatoxin network project. We would like to thank C. R. Raghavender (Young Scientist Awardee, Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India) for helping me in retrieving the literature. NR 109 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 287 EP 317 AR PII 905276957 DI 10.1080/15569540802432308 PG 31 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000007 ER PT J AU Williams, WP Krakowsky, M Windham, G Balint-Kurti, P Hawkins, L Henry, WB AF Williams, W. Paul Krakowsky, Matthew D. Windham, Gary L. Balint-Kurti, Peter Hawkins, Leigh K. Henry, W. Brien TI IDENTIFYING MAIZE GERMPLASM WITH RESISTANCE TO AFLATOXIN ACCUMULATION SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; maize; plant resistance; Zea mays ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; CORN; REGISTRATION; CONTAMINATION; LINE; MYCOTOXINS; INFECTION; INBREDS; HYBRIDS; MP313E AB Contamination of maize grain, Zea mays L., with aflatoxin, a toxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, reduces its value and marketability. Growing hybrids with resistance is generally considered a highly desirable way to reduce A. flavus infection and aflatoxin accumulation. Identifying maize germplasm with resistance is critical to the development and production of such hybrids. USDA-ARS scientists at Mississippi State, Mississippi; Tifton, Georgia; and Raleigh, North Carolina; have engaged in a multilocation approach to germplasm screening. A major component of this has been the evaluation of accessions obtained from the Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) project at both Mississippi State and Tifton. Selections from GEM accessions 250_01_XL370A_S11_F2S4_9214_Blk21/00-# and 2250_02_XL370A_S11_F2S4_3363_Blk03/00-# exhibited the highest levels of resistance both as lines per se and in testcrosses. Lines developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and North Carolina State University also exhibited reduced levels of aflatoxin contamination. CML348, NC388, NC400, NC408, and NC458 were among those with low levels of aflatoxin contamination. The lines that displayed low levels of contamination should be useful in maize breeding programs for developing parental inbred lines and aflatoxin-resistant maize hybrids. C1 [Williams, W. Paul; Windham, Gary L.; Hawkins, Leigh K.; Henry, W. Brien] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Krakowsky, Matthew D.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Williams, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM paul.williams@ars.usda.gov OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 319 EP 345 AR PII 905277499 DI 10.1080/15569540802399838 PG 27 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000008 ER PT J AU Cary, JW Calvo, A AF Cary, Jeffrey W. Calvo, Ana M. TI REGULATION OF ASPERGILLUS MYCOTOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE aflatoxins; sterigmatocystin; mycotoxins; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus nidulans; gene cluster; transcription factor; secondary metabolite ID AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; SIGNALING PATHWAY; GENE-CLUSTER; NITROGEN-METABOLISM; ASEXUAL SPORULATION; CHEMICAL DIVERSITY AB The genus Aspergillus produces a number of mycotoxins that pose adverse economic and health impacts on humans and animals. These include the toxic and carcinogenic polyketide-derived mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin, and aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus flavus, respectively. Studies have identified the gene clusters that are responsible for the synthesis of these toxins; however, there is still much to be elucidated regarding the signal transduction pathways and globally acting regulators that control production of these toxins during fungal contamination of crops. In many cases, the mechanisms by which the fungus responds to environmental and plant-based factors have been found to not only control toxin production but also fungal growth and development. C1 [Cary, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Calvo, Ana M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL USA. RP Cary, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Jeff.Cary@ars.usda.gov FU NIH [GM074267-01A1]; Northern Illinois University; Plant Molecular Biology Center FX A. M. Calvo's work was financed by NIH GM074267-01A1, Northern Illinois University and the Plant Molecular Biology Center at this university. NR 106 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 347 EP 370 AR PII 905277549 DI 10.1080/15569540802373999 PG 24 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000009 ER PT J AU Eller, M Holland, J Payne, G AF Eller, Magen S. Holland, James B. Payne, Gary A. TI BREEDING FOR IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION IN MAIZE SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Quantitative Trait Loci; fumonisin; Fusarium verticillioides ID FUSARIUM EAR ROT; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; KERNEL INFECTION; COMPLEX TRAITS; MONILIFORME; HYBRIDS; VERTICILLIOIDES; MYCOTOXINS; GERMPLASM AB Maize grain infected by Fusarium verticillioides may contain the mycotoxin fumonisin, which is associated with livestock and human diseases. To reduce levels of fumonisin in grain, efforts are under way to identify sources of maize with increased resistance to fungal infection and fumonisin contamination. Field and laboratory techniques have been developed to measure both Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination. Application of these techniques has led to the identification of resistant maize lines and facilitated genetic analysis of resistance to ear rot and fumonisin accumulation. Maize genetics and breeding studies are guiding strategies to improve resistance to fumonisin accumulation. C1 [Eller, Magen S.; Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Payne, Gary A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Holland, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Jim.Holland@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 371 EP 389 AR PII 905277340 DI 10.1080/15569540802450326 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000010 ER PT J AU Holbrook, CC Ozias-Akins, P Timper, P Wilson, DM Cantonwine, E Guo, BZ Sullivan, DG Dong, W AF Holbrook, C. Corley Ozias-Akins, P. Timper, P. Wilson, D. M. Cantonwine, E. Guo, B. Z. Sullivan, D. G. Dong, W. TI RESEARCH FROM THE COASTAL PLAIN EXPERIMENT STATION, TIFTON, GEORGIA, TO MINIMIZE AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN PEANUT SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Arachis hypogaea; Aspergillus spp; breeding; drought tolerance; peanut ID ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS INFECTION; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; GERMPLASM LINES; FLAVUS; RESISTANCE; GENOTYPES; COLONIZATION; INVASION; GENE AB Scientists with the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and scientists with the University of Georgia located at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, Georgia, have been conducting research on aflatoxin contamination of peanut since the early 1960s. Early efforts were focused on identifying the risk factors for increased aflatoxin contamination and helped to document the importance of drought, high soil temperatures, and pod damage. Later efforts were focused on the development of screening techniques and the identification of sources of resistance to Aspergillus colonization and/or aflatoxin contamination. This laid the foundation for a conventional resistance breeding program and has resulted in the development of peanut breeding lines that have high yield and low aflatoxin contamination relative to standard control cultivars. Recent research efforts include studies on the use of molecular genetic approaches to reduce aflatoxin contamination. This includes the evaluation of genetically engineered peanut and the development of molecular markers. C1 [Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Ozias-Akins, P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA USA. [Timper, P.; Guo, B. Z.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Wilson, D. M.; Dong, W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Cantonwine, E.] Univ Georgia, Natl Environmentally Sound Prod Agr Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Sullivan, D. G.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Holbrook, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Corley.Holbrook@ars.usda.gov NR 75 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 391 EP 410 AR PII 905309306 DI 10.1080/15569540802497673 PG 20 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000011 ER PT J AU Bacon, CW Glenn, AE Yates, IE AF Bacon, C. W. Glenn, A. E. Yates, I. E. TI FUSARIUM VERTICILLIOIDES: MANAGING THE ENDOPHYTIC ASSOCIATION WITH MAIZE FOR REDUCED FUMONISINS ACCUMULATION SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE biocontrol; Bacillus mojavensis; bacterial endophyte; fungal endophyte; fumonisin; Fusarium diseases ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS CHA0; MONILIFORME CULTURE MATERIAL; FUJIKUROI SPECIES COMPLEX; PECAN SCAB FUNGUS; F-SP DIANTHI; ZEA-MAYS; EAR ROT; GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI; BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES AB Fusarium verticillioides is a very important genus from the aspects of plant disease, cereal production, and food safety. A major concern of this species is its mycotoxins, which are harmful to humans and animals ingesting Fusarium-contaminated food or feed products. The fungus exists as a symptomless intercellular endophyte in both field and sweet maize, but its role during the symptomless state of infection is ambiguous. Most strains produce the fumonisin in large quantities during the preharvest and postharvest periods of maize production, even during the symptomless state. The dual nature of F. verticillioides as both pathogen and a symptomless endophyte indicates a complex relationship with maize. Interactive biotic factors such as plant genetics, along with abiotic factors, may alter the required balanced relationships, resulting in a weakened plant and changing the relationship into a disease, during which mycotoxins are produced. Consequently, the development of appropriate control measures for the virulent state is expected to be difficult. Two biocontrol agents and approaches are also reviewed, along that offering some pre- and postharvest biological control measures designed to reduce maize contamination by F. verticillioides and the fumonisin mycotoxins. C1 [Bacon, C. W.; Glenn, A. E.; Yates, I. E.] USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bacon, CW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, 910 Coll Stn Rd,POB 5677, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Charles.bacon@ars.usda.gov NR 170 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 7 U2 48 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1556-9543 EI 1556-9551 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 411 EP 446 AR PII 904896946 DI 10.1080/15569540802497889 PG 36 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 370WY UT WOS:000260795000012 ER PT J AU Chung, SO Sudduth, KA Plouffe, C Kitchen, NR AF Chung, S. O. Sudduth, K. A. Plouffe, C. Kitchen, N. R. TI Soil bin and field tests of an on-the-go soil strength profile sensor SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY 2004 CL Minneapolis, MN DE cone index; cone penetrometer; precision agriculture; sensor; soil bin; soil compaction; soil strength ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE; WATER-CONTENT; BULK-DENSITY; CUTTING BLADES; PERFORMANCE; RESISTANCE; DYNAMICS; MOISTURE; INDEXES AB An on-the-go soil strength profile sensor (SSPS) was previously developed to measure the within-field spatial variability in soil strength at five evenly spaced depths up to 50 cm. In this article, performance of the SSPS was evaluated using soil bin and field data. First, the SSPS was tested in a soil bin at different depths (10, 20, and 30 cm), forward speeds (from 0.5 to 3.0 m s(-1)), and compaction levels (high and low). Second, data were collected in two fields having variable soil texture, bulk density, and water content. Prismatic soil strength index (PSSI, defined as force divided by the base area of the horizontally operating prismatic tip) and penetrometer cone index were measured at five depths (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm) across entire fields and also more intensively in four 10 x 10 m areas selected for soil texture differences. Auxiliary data collected were soil bulk density, soil water content, and apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa). When the SSPS was tested in the soil bin, increases in PSSI with speed were less than 15% from 0.5 to 3.0 m s(-1) operating speed. Based on soil bin results, we selected 1.5 m s(-1) as a maximum field data collection speed, below which speed effects on PSSI were deemed negligible. Mean PSSI values collected in adjacent, parallel transects were not statistically different, confirming the repeatability and stability of soil strength sensing with the SSPS. Field data showed that, in general, PSSI was higher at locations with lower ECa, lower water content, and greater bulk density. Results of stepwise multiple linear regression showed that variability in PSSI was better explained when interactions among the soil variables were included as independent variables and when data were grouped into subsets by depth and/or ECa level. Over entire fields, R-2 values for estimating PSSI were 0.66 and 0.61 for a claypan soil field and a flood plain field, respectively. These results will be useful for interpreting PSSI and for future applications of the SSPS in crop management, e.g., delineation of highly compacted within-field areas and control of variable tillage operations. C1 [Sudduth, K. A.; Kitchen, N. R.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Chung, S. O.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Bioind Machinery Engn, Taejon, South Korea. [Plouffe, C.] Deere & Co, Moline Technol Innovat Ctr, Moline, IL USA. RP Sudduth, KA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Qual Res Unit, 269 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Ken.Sudduth@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 5 EP 18 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800001 ER PT J AU Derksen, RC Frantz, J Ranger, CM Locke, JC Zhu, H Krause, CR AF Derksen, R. C. Frantz, J. Ranger, C. M. Locke, J. C. Zhu, H. Krause, C. R. TI Comparing greenhouse handgun delivery to poinsettias by spray volume and quality SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY 2007 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Soc Agr & Biol Engineers DE deposition; diseases; droplet size; insects; ornamental plants; poinsettia; spray; tracer ID PESTICIDE APPLICATION; DEPOSIT STRUCTURE; SIZE; EFFICACY AB Insecticide and fungicide labels often lack specific recommendations on the spray volume and spray droplet sizes that will provide the most efficacious pest management of ornamental pest problems. A greenhouse trial was established to determine differences in spray retention in a poinsettia canopy between single-nozzle, handgun applications made using three different spray volumes and three different spray qualities. For the same areas of the canopy, there were few differences in spray deposit between treatments. Canopy position was a significant factor in the amount of spray found on foliar and artificial targets. Higher deposits were measured in the fronts and upper areas of the canopy than the backs and lower areas of the canopy. There were no significant differences in recovery of fungicide from leaves between treatments. The high-volume application produced the highest deposits on artificial targets across all spray qualities. There were no significant differences in overall spray deposit between the low- and medium-volume treatments. C1 [Derksen, R. C.; Frantz, J.; Ranger, C. M.; Locke, J. C.; Zhu, H.; Krause, C. R.] USDA ARS, ARTU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Derksen, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, ARTU, Agr Engn Bldg,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM rich.derksen@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 27 EP 33 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800003 ER PT J AU Stone, JJ Paige, GB Hawkins, RH AF Stone, J. J. Paige, G. B. Hawkins, R. H. TI Rainfall intensity-dependent infiltration rates on rangeland rainfall simulator plots SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE infiltration; partial area response; rainfall intensity; rainfall simulation; runoff ID SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; GREEN-AMPT; RUNOFF; VEGETATION; MODEL; MICROTOPOGRAPHY; PARAMETERIZE; AUSTRALIA; SAGEBRUSH; EROSION AB Most implementations of infiltration equations with rainfall-runoff models use a hydraulic conductivity parameter that is constant for a given rainfall event. However, plot data from rainfall simulator experiments and natural rainfall events have shown that infiltration rates can increase with increasing rainfall rate instead of decreasing with time or infiltrated depth, as predicted by infiltration models. This has been hypothesized to be a function off the spatial variability of the infiltration capacity across the area. In this article, an exponential model relating steady-state infiltration rate with rainfall intensity and the average areal infiltration rate when the area under consideration is contributing to runoff is evaluated using data from variable-intensity rainfall simulator experiments. The experiments were conducted on five rangeland vegetation-soil associations at the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona. The results from 19 rainfall simulation runs show that the increase in infiltration rate with increasing rainfall intensity can be significant and that the exponential model represents the relationship between steady-state infiltration and rainfall intensity. The exponential model coupled with a kinematic wave model also represents the hydrographs better than the Green-Ampt Mein-Larsen infiltration model coupled with the same routing model. The time to the start of runoff is influenced more by rainfall intensity than by initial soil moisture conditions, particularly when the initial rainfall intensity was high. The rapid time to steady-state runoff at the beginning of the simulation run of the observed runoff hydrographs suggests that the infiltration rates become constant more quickly than infiltration theory would suggest. C1 [Stone, J. J.] USDA ARS, SWRC, Tucson, AZ 85711 USA. [Paige, G. B.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Hawkins, R. H.] Univ Arizona, Water Resources Program, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Stone, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, SWRC, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85711 USA. EM jstone@tucson.ars.ag.gov NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800005 ER PT J AU El-Shikha, DM Barnes, EM Clarke, TR Hunsaker, DJ Haberland, JA Pinter, PJ Waller, PM Thompson, TL AF El-Shikha, D. M. Barnes, E. M. Clarke, T. R. Hunsaker, D. J. Haberland, J. A. Pinter, P. J., Jr. Waller, P. M. Thompson, T. L. TI Remote sensing of cotton nitrogen status using the Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI) SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE canopy reflectance; fertility detection; radiometers; spectral analysis; water stress ID REFLECTANCE INDEXES; SPECTRAL RADIANCE; WINTER-WHEAT; CORN LEAVES; GRAIN-YIELD; WATER; STRESS; PLANTS; LIGHT; FIELD AB Various remote sensing indices have been used to infer crop nitrogen (N) status for field-scale nutrient management. However, such indices may indicate erroneous N status if there is a decrease in crop canopy density influenced by other factors, such as water stress. The Canopy Chlorophyll Content Index (CCCI) is a two-dimensional remote sensing index that has been proposed for inferring cotton N status. The CCCI uses reflectances in the near-infrared (NIR) and red spectral regions to account for seasonal changes in canopy density, while reflectances in the NIR and far-red regions are used to detect relative changes in canopy chlorophyll, a surrogate for N content. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the CCCI and several other remote sensing indices for detecting the N status for cotton during the growing season. A secondary objective was to evaluate the ability of the indices to appropriately detect N in the presence of variable water status. Remote sensing data were collected during the 1998 (day of year [DOY] 114 to 310) and 1999 (DOY 106 to 316) cotton seasons in Arizona, in which treatments of optimal and low levels of N and water were imposed. In the 1998 season, water treatments were not imposed until late in the season (DOY 261), well after full cover Following an early season N application in 1998 for the optimal (DOY 154) but not the low N treatment, the CCCI detected significant differences in crop N status between the N treatments starting on DOY 173, when canopy cover was about 30%. A common vegetation index, the ratio of NIR to red (RVI), also detected significant separation between N treatments, but RVI detection occurred 16 days after the CCCI response. After an equal amount of N was applied to both optimal and low N treatments on DOY 190 in 1998, the CCCI indicated comparable N status for the N treatments on DOY 198, a trend not detected by RVI. In the 1999 season, both N and water treatments were imposed early and frequently during the season. The N status was poorly described by both the CCCI and RVI under partial canopy conditions when water status differed among treatments. However, once full canopy was obtained in 1999, the CCCI provided reliable N status information regardless of water status. At full cotton cover, the CCCI was significantly correlated with measured parameters of N status, including petiole NO3-N (r = 0.74), SPAD chlorophyll (r = 0.65), and total leaf N contents (r = 0.86). For well-watered cotton, the CCCI shows promise as a useful indicator of cotton N status after the canopy reaches about 30% cover However, further study is needed to develop the CCCI as a robust N detection tool independent of water stress. C1 [El-Shikha, D. M.; Clarke, T. R.; Hunsaker, D. J.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Barnes, E. M.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Haberland, J. A.] Univ Chile, Dept Engn & Soils, Santiago, Chile. [Pinter, P. J., Jr.] USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. [Waller, P. M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Tucson, AZ USA. [Thompson, T. L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Hunsaker, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM doug.hunsaker@ars.usda.gov OI Waller, Peter/0000-0002-1696-3800 NR 37 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 73 EP 82 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800007 ER PT J AU Yao, C Lei, T Elliot, WJ McCool, DK Zhao, J Chen, S AF Yao, C. Lei, T. Elliot, W. J. McCool, D. K. Zhao, J. Chen, S. TI Critical conditions for rill initiation SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE critical condition; critical shear; erosion; hillslope; rill initiation ID SOIL DETACHMENT; CRITICAL SHEAR; EROSION MODEL; FLOW; ERODIBILITY; CAPACITY; SLOPES; RUNOFF; LOOSE AB Quantifying Critical conditions of rill formation can be useful for a better understanding of soil erosion processes. Current studies lack a consensus and related rationale on how to describe these conditions. This study was based on the concepts that (1) the shear stress available for erosion at any given point is a function of the runoff rate, the slope steepness, and hydraulic characteristics of the surface; (2) rill incision begins when overland flow shear stress exceeds soil critical shear stress; and (3) the distance from the top of the slope to the point where rills form can be measured and analyzed as length to rill initiation and decreases with increase in slope and rainfall intensity. These concepts were tested with a representative silty-clay soil from the Loess Plateau in northwestern China on a large sloping indoor plot (8 x 3 m), with five different slopes using simulated rainfall at three rainfall intensities. Values of several hydraulic parameters at rill initiation were determined from the experimental data. The results showed relationships among slope steepness, rainfall intensity, and location of rill initiation. It was found that slope was relatively more important than rainfall intensity in determining the location of rill initiation. Soil critical shear stress determined in this study ranged from 1.33 to 2.63 Pa, with an average of 1.94 Pa. Soil critical shear stress was inversely related to slope and was not influenced by rainfall intensity. The results of this study were comparable with those of previous investigators. C1 [Yao, C.; Chen, S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yao, C.; Lei, T.] China Agr Univ, Coll Hydraul & Civil Engn, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Elliot, W. J.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. [McCool, D. K.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pacific W Area, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhao, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Zhao, J.] Minist Water Resources, Yangling, Peoples R China. RP Chen, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM chens@wsu.edu NR 37 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 107 EP 114 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800010 ER PT J AU Hagen, LJ AF Hagen, L. J. TI Updating soil surface conditions during wind erosion events using the wind erosion prediction system(WEPS) SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE model; soil; wind erosion ID CRUSTED SOILS; TRANSPORT; WEPS; ABRASION; SEDIMENT AB During significant wind erosion events, the soil surface is continually modified; however, erosion models rarely account for these changes. The objectives of this work are to provide an overview of the WEPS soil surface update methodology and demonstrate that by periodic surface updating during events, a physically based, field-scale model can (1) improve prediction accuracy and (2) determine changes in erosion control by clods, crusts, and soil roughness, so model users can improve their designs. During wind erosion events, the soil surface can become armored. This represents a supply-limited condition and is typical of the upwind portions of afield. Conversely, when additional mobile soil is created or uncovered faster than it is removed, the surface becomes more erodible, as often occurs on the downwind portions of large fields. In this case, soil removal may be limited by the duration of the erosive winds. To facilitate surface updating in WEPS, a mass balance of the available mobile soil is maintained in two pools: one for the mobile soil on the crust, and another for the mobile soil among the immobile aggregates. The net emission of the mobile aggregates is simulated in grid cells along the wind direction, and the pools in each cell are updated on a subhourly basis. Partial depletion of a pool may cause cessation of erosion at a given wind speed, but permit erosion to resume at succeeding higher wind speeds. During an event, random roughness, oriented roughness, and the fraction of mobile aggregate cover are also updated. In contrast to models that limit erosion only by storm duration, surface updating increased WEPS accuracy both by identifying field areas that limited supply of mobile aggregates and by changing threshold fraction velocities to allow simulation of intermittent erosion. C1 USDA ARS, Wind Eros Res Unit, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Hagen, LJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wind Eros Res Unit, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM hagen@weru.ksu.edu NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800012 ER PT J AU Ganesan, V Muthukumarappan, K Rosentrater, KA AF Ganesan, V. Muthukumarappan, K. Rosentrater, K. A. TI Sorption isotherm characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE DDGS; EMC; ERH; flowability; GMR model; solubles; sorption isotherms; type III isotherm ID ADSORPTION-ISOTHERMS; MOISTURE; TEMPERATURES; RAISINS; METHODOLOGY; BLUEBERRIES; PRUNES; BARLEY; CHIPS AB Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is widely recognized as a highly nutritious animal feed ingredient. With the exponential growth of the fuel ethanol industry in the past several years, significant quantities of distillers grains are now being produced. To effectively utilize these feeds in the domestic market, these coproduct streams have to be transported greater distances and must be stored in various structures until final use. Unfortunately, DDGS flow is often problematic as it frequently becomes restricted by caking and bridging during storage and transport. This issue may arise from a number of factors, including storage moisture, temperature, relative humidity, particle size, and time variations. The objective of this study was to develop sorption isotherms for DDGS with varying soluble levels, in order to provide facility designers and operators with appropriate storage and transport information. Equilibrium moisture contents (EMC) of DDGS with four different soluble levels (10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% d.b.) were determined using the static gravimetric method at 10 degrees C, 20 degrees C, 30 degrees C, and 40 degrees C over four equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) levels of 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. The sorption capacity of DDGS increased with increasing temperature and soluble level, and followed a type III isotherm, which is commonly observed in high-sugar foods. The observed EMC values for 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% (d.b.) solubles ranged from 8.61% to 47.07% (d.b.), 11.58% to 83.49% (d.b.), 13.72% to 90.70% (d.b.), and 15.03% to 132.01% (d.b.), respectively. Nine models were then applied to fit the isotherm data. The modified Henderson and modified Chung-Pfost models did not fit the data, however, as the regression coefficients did not converge. The modified Halsey and modified exponential models, on the other hand, were found to perform well for the isotherm data. As there was no common model to predict the sorption isotherms of DDGS with various soluble levels, a new EMC model was developed. This new model, termed the GMR (Ganesan-Muthu-Rosentrater) model, incorporated soluble level as one of the effects along with temperature and moisture content. The GMR model (R-2 = 0.94; F = 977.55), followed by a new modified exponential 2 (NME2) model (R-2 = 0.94; F = 934.43), produced the best fits for DDGS with varying soluble levels, and can be used to predict equilibrium moisture sorption behavior of DDGS. C1 [Muthukumarappan, K.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Syst Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Ganesan, V.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Rosentrater, K. A.] USDA ARS, NCARL, Brookings, SD USA. RP Muthukumarappan, K (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Syst Engn, AE 107,Box 2120, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM muthukum@sdstate.edu OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037 NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800016 ER PT J AU Pradhan, A Shrestha, DS Van Gerpen, J Duffield, J AF Pradhan, A. Shrestha, D. S. Van Gerpen, J. Duffield, J. TI The energy balance of soybean oil biodiesel production: A review of past studies SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; economic analysis; energy balance; life cycle analysis; net energy ratio ID ETHANOL AB Although several studies have found biodiesel to be a renewable source of energy, there has been a claim that it is not. This article investigates models used to calculate the net energy ratio (NER) of biodiesel production to point out the reasons for the contradictory results, compares their strengths and weaknesses, and proposes a uniform model for interpretation of the final result. Four commonly referenced models were compared for their assumptions and results. The analysis revealed that the most significant factors in altering the results were the proportions of energy allocated between biodiesel and its coproducts. The lack of consistency in defining system boundaries has apparently led to very different results. The definitions of NER used among the models were also found to be different. A unified model is proposed for biodiesel energy analysis to answer the renewability question. Using the unified boundary, a range of probable NERs was calculated using bootstrapping. The mean NER on a mass basis was 2.55 with a standard deviation of 0.38. The economic sustainability ratio (ESR) is defined as the monetary value ratio of biodiesel to biodiesel's share of the energy inputs. The average ESR was found to be 4.43 with a standard deviation of 0.6. C1 [Pradhan, A.; Shrestha, D. S.; Van Gerpen, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Duffield, J.] USDA, Off Chief Economist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Shrestha, DS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, POB 442060, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM devs@uidaho.edu NR 30 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 185 EP 194 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800018 ER PT J AU Shih, C Pan, Z McHugh, T Wood, D Hirschberg, E AF Shih, C. Pan, Z. McHugh, T. Wood, D. Hirschberg, E. TI Sequential infrared radiation and freeze-drying method for producing crispy strawberries SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE color; freeze-drying; hot-air drying; infrared drying; microstructure; rehydration; shrinkage; strawberry; texture ID AIR; QUALITY; POTATO; TRANSPORT; MICROWAVE; KINETICS; CARROT AB Sequential infrared and freeze-drying (SIPFD) as a new processing method was studied for producing high-quality crispy fruit pieces at reduced cost. This research investigated the drying characteristics of strawberry slices and the quality of the finished products under SIPFD. The 4 mm thick strawberry slices were pre-dehydrated to 30%, 40%, and 50% levels of weight reduction with infrared (IR) heating at each of the three different intensities (3000, 4000, and 5000 W m(-2)). The pre-dehydrated samples were then further freeze-dried to achieve a final moisture content of about 5%. For comparison, the slices were also pre-dehydrated with hot-air drying (62.8 degrees C) followed by freeze-drying (SHAFD) and dried with regular freeze-drying without pre-dehydration. The drying kinetics of strawberry slices under IR, hot-air, and freeze-drying were determined and modeled. The color, shrinkage, rehydration ratio, and crispness of finished products were measured. The IR radiation heating had a much higher drying rate than hot-air during the pre-dehydration. The product produced with SIRFD had more desirable color, higher crispness, and more shrinkage, but a lower rehydration ratio than regular freeze-drying, which, however, did not produce a high-crispness product. The microstructure characteristics of the dried products explained the differences in quality produced with the different methods. IR pre-dehydration to a 40% weight reduction level reduced required freeze time by 42%, indicating a great energy saving potential for SIRFD, since the energy efficiency of freeze-drying is very low. It has been concluded that SIPFD could be a desirable method for producing high-crispness strawberry pieces. C1 [Pan, Z.; McHugh, T.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Processed Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Shih, C.; Pan, Z.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wood, D.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Hirschberg, E.] Innovat Foods Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Processed Foods Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zpan@pw.usda.gov NR 30 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 205 EP 216 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800020 ER PT J AU Wanjura, JD Shaw, BW Parnell, CB Lacey, RE Capareda, SC AF Wanjura, J. D. Shaw, B. W. Parnell, C. B., Jr. Lacey, R. E. Capareda, S. C. TI Comparison of continuous monitor (TEOM) and gravimetric sampler particulate matter concentrations SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY NOV 09-12, 2005 CL Univ Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI HO Univ Wisconsin-Madison DE air sampler; measurement error; particle size distribution; TEOM; TSP ID AEROSOL AB Tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) samplers may offer significant advantages to state air pollution regulatory agencies and air quality researchers in terms of reduced labor and data processing requirements through an automated particulate matter (PM) monitoring system. However, previous research has shown that TEOM samplers may not report accurate PM concentrations due to the operating characteristics of the automated system. This article presents the results of a multiyear study using collocated TEOM and gravimetric samplers configured to measure TSP concentrations from a Texas cattle feedlot. The objective of this work was to define the relationship between PM concentrations measured by TEOM and gravimetric samplers and characterize the influence of concentration intensity and particle size on that relationship. The results show that there was a significant positive linear relationship between the concentrations measured by the TEOM and gravimetric TSP samplers (p-values < 0.001). It was observed that in general, the TEOM samplers reported lower TSP concentrations than the collocated gravimetric TSP sampler Further investigation into these results indicated that the difference in the concentration measured by the TEOM sampler versus the gravimetric TSP sampler (known as the TEOM measurement error) is correlated with the concentration measured by the gravimetric TSP sampler, but the nature of that relationship varies by location. However, linear relationships were observed between the measurement error of the TEOM samplers and the mass median diameter and geometric standard deviation of the collocated gravimetric TSP sample. C1 [Wanjura, J. D.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Shaw, B. W.; Parnell, C. B., Jr.; Lacey, R. E.; Capareda, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. RP Wanjura, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, 1604,E FM 1294, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM john.wanjura@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 251 EP 257 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800024 ER PT J AU Ro, KS Szogi, AA Vanotti, MB Stone, KC AF Ro, K. S. Szogi, A. A. Vanotti, M. B. Stone, K. C. TI Process model for ammonia volatilization from anaerobic swine lagoons incorporating varying wind speeds and gas bubbling SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE ammonia volatilization; anaerobic treatment lagoon; bubbles; process model; wind speed ID SURFICIAL OXYGEN-TRANSFER; MASS-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; NITROUS-OXIDE; EMISSIONS; LIQUID; MANURE; WATER; DINITROGEN; EXCHANGE; METHANE AB Ammonia volatilization from treatment lagoons varies widely with the total ammonia concentration, pH, temperature, suspended solids, atmospheric ammonia concentration above the water surface, and wind speed. Ammonia emissions were estimated with a process-based mechanistic model integrating ammonia chemistry of the lagoon and interfacial transport characteristics between air and water. This improved model incorporated the effect of internal bubble production and continuously variable wind speed on ammonia volatilization measured at 10 m above the liquid surface (U-10). Model simulations were compared to ammonia emission rates measured simultaneously. at three contrasting lagoon scenarios: non-treated lagoon (13,633 kg ha(-1) year(-1)), partially pre-treated manure using solid-liquid separation (3,699 kg ha(-1) year(-1)), and treated manure using combined solid-liquid separation with nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the liquid (1,311 kg ha(-1) year(-1)). The simulations only using average U-10 with bubble enhancement or U10 distributions without bubble enhancement produced fluxes 42% and 44% below observed fluxes, respectively. However, the simulated fluxes using the U-10 distributions along with bubble enhancement for the non-treated lagoon during warm seasons closely matched the observed fluxes (y = 1.04x, with R-2 = 0.76). Ammonia emissions would be significantly underpredicted if bubbling-enhanced mass transport was not taken into account during warm seasons, as demonstrated by the improved process model and evidenced by the observed fluxes. C1 [Ro, K. S.; Szogi, A. A.; Vanotti, M. B.; Stone, K. C.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Ro, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM Kyoung.Ro@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 259 EP 270 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800025 ER PT J AU Faulkner, WB Buser, MD Whitelock, DP Shaw, BW AF Faulkner, W. B. Buser, M. D. Whitelock, D. P. Shaw, B. W. TI Effects of cyclone diameter on performance of 1D3D cyclones: Cutpoint and slope SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE abatement; cutpoint; cyclone; particulate matter; PM; similitude; slope ID COLLECTION; EFFICIENCY AB Cyclones are a commonly used air pollution abatement device for separating particulate matter (PM) from air streams in industrial processes. Several mathematical models have been proposed to predict the cutpoint of cyclones as cyclone diameter varies. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between cyclone diameter, cutpoint, and slope of the fractional efficiency curve (FEC) based on empirical data. Tests were. performed comparing cutpoints and FEC slopes of 15.24, 30.48, 60.96, and 91.44 cm (6, 12, 24, and 36 in.) diameter cyclones with poly-disperse PM having an aerodynamic mass median diameter near 10 mu m. The mass of PM collected by the cyclones and the mass and particle size distributions of PM that penetrated the cyclones were used to determine each cyclone's FEC, characterized by a cutpoint and slope. The cutpoints of cyclones showed no relationship to cyclone diameter, while the slope of the cyclone FECs increased as cyclone diameter increased. Statistically different collection efficiencies were observed among the 30.48, 60.96, and 91.44 cm (12, 24, and 36 in.) diameter cyclones. None of the previously published mathematical models analyzed in this article accurately predicted cyclone cutpoint. C1 [Faulkner, W. B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Buser, M. D.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Processing Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. [Whitelock, D. P.] USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM USA. RP Faulkner, WB (reprint author), 2117 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM faulkner@tamu.edu NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800028 ER PT J AU Thorp, KR Steward, BL Kaleita, AL Batchelor, WD AF Thorp, K. R. Steward, B. L. Kaleita, A. L. Batchelor, W. D. TI Using aerial hyperspectral remote sensing imagery to estimate corn plant stand density SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual International Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-and-Biological-Engineers CY JUL 09-12, 2006 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Soc Agr & Biol Engineers DE corn; hyperspectral; machine vision; population; remote sensing; spatial variability; stand density ID GRAIN-YIELD; VEGETATION INDEXES; ROW WIDTH; REFLECTANCE; POPULATION; MAIZE; VARIABILITY; BELT AB Since corn plant stand density is important for optimizing crop yield, several researchers have recently developed ground-based systems for automatic measurement of this crop growth parameter. Our objective was to use data from such a system to assess the potential for estimation of corn plant stand density using remote sensing images. Aerial hyperspectral remote sensing imagery was collected on three dates over three plots of corn in central Iowa during the 2004 growing season. The imagery had a spatial resolution of I m and a spectral resolution of 3 nm between 498 mn and 855 nm. A machine vision system for early-season measurement of corn plant stand density was also used to map every row of corn within the three plots, and a complete inventory of corn plants was generated as a rich ground reference dataset. A principal component regression analysis was used to assess relationships between plant stand density measurements and principal components of hyperspectral reflectance for each plot, on each image collection date, and at three different spatial resolutions (2, 6, and 10 m). The maximum R-2 for regressions was 0.79. Estimates of corn plant stand density were best when using imagery collected at the later vegetative and early reproductive corn growth stages. Quantization effects due to row width complicated corn plant stand density estimates at 2 m spatial resolution, and better estimations were typically seen at resolutions of 6 m and 10 m. Among the different cases of plot, image date, and spatial resolution, the principal components of reflectance most highly correlated with plant stand density were able to be classified into four distinct types, denoted as types A B, C, and D. Type A principal components contrasted all available visible red wavelengths with all available near-infiared wavelengths. Type B principal components contrasted green wavelengths (531 to 552 mn) plus shorter wave near-infrared (759 mn) with red wavelengths (675 to 693 nm) plus longer wave near-infrared (852 mn). Type C principal components summed green wavelengths (528 to 546 mn) and near-infrared wavelengths (717 to 855 nm). Type D principal components contrasted blue/green wavelengths (498 to 507 mn) with the red edge (717 mn). Remote sensing can be best used to estimate corn plant stand density at mid-season as long as plant stand variability exists and variability due to other factors is minimal. C1 [Thorp, K. R.] USDA ARS USALARC, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Steward, B. L.; Kaleita, A. L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Batchelor, W. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Thorp, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS USALARC, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM Kelty.Thorp@ars.usda.gov RI Thorp, Kelly/C-2013-2009; Kaleita, Amy/J-8363-2016 OI Thorp, Kelly/0000-0001-9168-875X; Kaleita, Amy/0000-0002-8906-3408 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 311 EP 320 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800031 ER PT J AU Yoon, SC Lawrence, KC Smith, DP Park, B Windham, WR AF Yoon, S. C. Lawrence, K. C. Smith, D. P. Park, B. Windham, W. R. TI Bone fragment detection in chicken breast fillets using transmittance image enhancement SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE bone detection; bone fragment; chicken breast fillet; food safety; hyperspectral imaging; illumination-transmittance model; image enhancement; poultry inspection AB This article is concerned with the detection of bone fragments embedded in de-boned skinless chicken breast fillets by modeling optical images generated by backlighting. Imaging of chicken fillets is often dominated by multiple scattering properties of the fillets. Thus, resulting images from multiple scattering are diffused, scattered, and low contrast. In this study, a combination of transmittance and reflectance hyperspectral imaging, which is a non-ionized and non-destructive imaging modality, was investigated as an alternative method to conventional transmittance x-ray imaging, which is an ionizing imaging modality. As a way of reducing the influence of light scattering on images and thus increasing the image contrast, the use of a structured line light was examined along with an image formation model that separated undesirable lighting effects from an image. The image formation model, based on an illumination-transmittance model, was applied for correcting non-uniform illumination effects so that embedded bones were more easily detected by a single threshold. An automated image processing algorithm to detect bones was also proposed. Experimental results with chicken breast fillets and bone fragments are provided. The detection accuracy of the developed technology was 100%. The false-positive rate was 10%. C1 [Yoon, S. C.; Lawrence, K. C.; Smith, D. P.; Park, B.; Windham, W. R.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Yoon, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM SeungChul.Yoon@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 331 EP 339 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800033 ER PT J AU Haff, RP AF Haff, R. P. TI Real-time correction of distortion in x-ray images of cylindrical or spherical objects and its application to agricultural commodities SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE attenuators; image quality; x-ray imaging ID APPLES AB A technique to correct deficiencies in x-ray images of cylindrical or spherical objects that are a consequence of the geometry of the sample is derived and demonstrated, for both traditional and linescan imaging. The methods described involve the use of attenuators specifically shaped to equalize the x-ray absorption across the sample, removing the variation in pixel intensity due to varying sample thickness. For linescan imaging, the attenuator thickness is varied as the sample passes through the plane of the x-rays, either by rotation or linear actuation. For traditional imaging, the technique is demonstrated in x-ray images of an apple, an orange, a lime, and a clay sphere. For linescan imaging, the correction is applied to a PVC cylinder simulating a container such as a can or a jar. Pixel intensity statistics in conjunction with visual comparison of attenuated and non-attenuated images demonstrate considerable improvement of image quality despite less than perfect application of the technique. This suggests that the technique should be a viable method for improving image quality despite technical difficulties for exact implementation. C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Haff, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM ron@pw.usda.gov NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 341 EP 349 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 294QY UT WOS:000255421800034 ER PT J AU Vance, C Lovanna, R AF Vance, Colin Lovanna, Rich TI Cities and Satellites Spatial Effects and Unobserved Heterogeneity in Modeling Urban Growth SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID LAND; DETERMINANTS AB The confluence of factors driving urban growth is highly complex, resulting from a combination of ecological and social determinants that coevolved over time and space. Identifying these factors and quantifying their impact requires models that capture both why urbanization happens and where and when it happens. A database that links five satellite images spanning 1976 to 2001 to a suite of socioeconomic, ecological, and geographic information system-created explanatory variables was used to develop a spatial-temporal model of the determinants of built-up area across a 25,900-km(2) swath across central North Carolina. Extensive conversion of forest and agricultural land in the past decades is modeled by using the complementary log-log derivation of the proportional hazards model and thereby affords a means for modeling continuous-time landscape change by using discrete-time satellite data. To control for unobserved heterogeneity, the model specification Includes an error component that is gamma distributed. Results confirm the hypothesis that the landscape pattern surrounding a pixel has a major influence on the likelihood of its conversion and, moreover, that the omission of external spatial effects can lead to biased inferences about the Influence of other covariates, such as proximity to road. Cartographic and nonparametric validation exercises illustrate the utility of the model for policy simulation. C1 [Vance, Colin] RWI Essen, D-45128 Essen, Germany. [Lovanna, Rich] USDA, Farm Serv Agcy, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Vance, C (reprint author), RWI Essen, Hohenzollernstr 1-3, D-45128 Essen, Germany. EM vence@rwi-essen.de NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSP RES RECORD JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2008 IS 2077 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.3141/2077-12 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 391ZM UT WOS:000262272700012 ER PT J AU Chen, CX Bowman, KD Choi, YA Dang, PM Rao, MN Huang, S Soneji, JR McCollum, TG Gmitter, FG AF Chen, Chuuxian Bowman, Kim D. Choi, Young A. Dang, Phat M. Rao, Madhugiri Nageswara Huang, Shu Soneji, Jaya R. McCollum, T. Greg Gmitter, Fred G., Jr. TI EST-SSR genetic maps for Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE intergeneric F1 population; functional genome map; microsatellite ID VIRUS-RESISTANCE GENE; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; INTERGENERIC BC1 PROGENY; LINKAGE MAPS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; QTL ANALYSIS; NONSALINE ENVIRONMENTS; PSEUDO-TESTCROSS; RAPD MARKERS; L. AB The segregation of 141 polymorphic expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers in an F1 intergeneric citrus population was studied to build the first extensive EST maps for the maternal sweet orange and paternal Poncirus genomes. Of these markers, 122 were found segregating in sweet orange, 59 in Poncirus, and 40 in both. Eleven linkage groups with 113 markers in sweet orange, 8 with 45 markers in Poncirus, and 13 with 123 markers in the cross pollinator (CP) consensus of both, were constructed. About 775.8 cM of sweet orange genome and 425.7 cM of Poncirus genome were covered. Through comparison of shared markers, three cases were found where two linkage groups in one map apparently were colinear with one group of the other map; Poncirus linkages Ar1a and Ar1b and consensus linkages CP1a and CP1b, were both collinear with one sweet orange linkage, Sal, as were sweet orange Sa3a and Sa3b with Poncirus Ar3 and consensus CP3, and sweet orange Sa7a and Sa7b, and consensus CP7a and CP7b with Poncirus Ar7. These EST-SSR markers are particularly useful for constructing comparative framework maps for related genera because they amplify orthologous genes to provide anchor points across taxa. All SSR primers are freely available to the citrus community. C1 [Chen, Chuuxian; Choi, Young A.; Rao, Madhugiri Nageswara; Huang, Shu; Soneji, Jaya R.; Gmitter, Fred G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Bowman, Kim D.; Dang, Phat M.; McCollum, T. Greg] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Gmitter, FG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM fgmitter@ufl.edu OI Chen, Zonghai/0000-0001-9312-9089 NR 55 TC 64 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JAN PY 2008 VL 4 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0083-3 PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 242AD UT WOS:000251696000001 ER PT J AU Kinloch, BB Davis, DA Burton, D AF Kinloch, Bohun B., Jr. Davis, Dean A. Burton, Deems TI Resistance and virulence interactions between two white pine species and blister rust in a 30-year field trial SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Cronartium ribicola; Pinus lambertiana; Pinus monticola ID CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; SUGAR PINE; MAJOR GENE; PATHOGEN; RACE AB We monitored infection and mortality of full-sib families of sugar pine (SP) and western white pine (WWP) selected for different mechanisms of resistance to white pine blister rust for more than 30 years in a field test in northern California. Natural infection was enhanced by interplanting alternate host Ribes spp. among test seedlings. Parents of the families were from three geographic provinces, representing the northern Rocky Mountains of Idaho (WWP), the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington (WWP), and the Siskiyou Mountains of California and Oregon (SP). Several families of each pine species had major gene resistance (MGR), or genes for partial resistance (PR), or both types. Under the chronic epidemic conditions that prevailed, susceptible controls of both species became infected and died within a few years. Families with MGR segregated in expected Mendelian ratios (susceptibility/resistance), but each R gene-Cr1 in sugar pine and Cr2 in western white pine-was eventually defeated by biotypes of the rust with specific virulence to it (vcr1 and vcr2, respectively). WWP families from Idaho, which lacked Cr2, performed the best overall, ranging from 44 to 64% rust-free; a few WWP families from the Cascades, both with and without Cr2, performed comparably. Families with PR were not specifically vulnerable to vcr1 or vcr2. PR was less frequent in SP than WWP, and SP families had steeper infection rate curves than WWP. Combining PR in pedigrees with MGR may prolong protection of MGR by inhibiting selection and epidemic increase of vcr genes in the rust. C1 [Kinloch, Bohun B., Jr.] USDA, Inst Forest Genet, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Davis, Dean A.; Burton, Deems] USDA, Forest Serv, Genet Resources Unit, Happy Camp, CA USA. RP Kinloch, BB (reprint author), USDA, Inst Forest Genet, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. EM bkinloch@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JAN PY 2008 VL 4 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1007/s11295-007-0088-y PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 242AD UT WOS:000251696000006 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW AF Woodall, C. W. TI When is one core per tree sufficient to characterize stand attributes? Results of a Pinus ponderosa case study SO TREE-RING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ponderosa pine; increment cores; sapwood; growth; Pinus ponderosa ID LODGEPOLE PINE; LEAF-AREA AB Increment cores are invaluable for assessing tree attributes such as inside bark diameter, radial growth, and sapwood area. However, because trees accrue growth and sapwood unevenly around their pith, tree attributes derived from one increment core may not provide sufficient precision for forest management/research activities. To assess the variability in a tree's inside bark radius, sapwood radius, and 10-year radial growth estimated by tree cores, two increment cores at 90 degree angles were collected from ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) trees in eastern Montana (n = 2,156). Paired core measurements varied substantially with 13% mean difference for inside bark radius, 19% mean difference for sapwood radius, and 23% mean difference for estimates of radial increment. Furthermore, decreasing crown ratio, decreasing diameter, and increasing site slope were all found to increase differences in estimates derived from paired cores. Whether for management or research purposes, the number of cores that should collected per tree depend on a stand's susceptibility to reaction wood, required measurement precision, and budgetary constraints. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Woodall, Christopher/D-7757-2012; OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TREE-RING SOC PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA, TREE-RING LABORATORY, BLDG 58, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-1098 J9 TREE-RING RES JI Tree-Ring Res. PY 2008 VL 64 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.3959/2007-10.1 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 313SZ UT WOS:000256761600006 ER PT J AU Heyerdahl, EK Mckay, SJ AF Heyerdahl, Emily K. Mckay, Steven J. TI Condition of live fire-scarred ponderosa pine eleven years after removing partial cross-sections SO TREE-RING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ponderosa pine; fire history; Oregon; effect of sampling; partial cross-sections; fire scar; wounding; dendrochronology; tree rings; catface AB Our objective is to report mortality rates for ponderosa pine trees in Oregon ten to eleven years after removing a fire-scarred partial cross-section from them, and five years after an initial survey of post-sampling mortality. We surveyed 138 live trees from which we removed fire-scarred partial cross-sections in 1994/95 and 387 similarly sized, unsampled neighbor trees of the same species. These trees were from 78 plots distributed over about 5,000 ha at two sites in northeastern Oregon. The annual mortality rate for sectioned trees from 1994/95 to 2005 was 3.6% compared to 2.1% for the neighbor trees. However, many of the trees that died between 2000 and 2005 were likely killed by two prescribed fires at one of the sites. Excluding all trees in the plots burned by these fires (regardless of whether they died or not), the annual mortality rate for sectioned trees was 1.4% (identical to the rate from 1994/95 to 2000) compared to 1.0% for neighbor trees. During these fires, a greater proportion of sectioned trees died than did catfaced neighbor trees (80% versus 64%) but the difference was not significant. C1 [Heyerdahl, Emily K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Mckay, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Heyerdahl, EK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM eheyerdahl@fs.fed.us NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU TREE-RING SOC PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA, TREE-RING LABORATORY, BLDG 58, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-1098 J9 TREE-RING RES JI Tree-Ring Res. PY 2008 VL 64 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3959/2007-21.1 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 313SZ UT WOS:000256761600007 ER PT J AU Smith, DT Richard, EP Santo, LT AF Smith, Dudley T. Richard, Edward P., Jr. Santo, Lance T. BE LeBaron, HM McFarland, JE Burnside, OC TI Weed Control in Sugarcane and the Role of Triazine Herbicides SO TRIAZINE HERBICIDES: 50 YEARS REVOLUTIONIZING AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Sugarcane is produced in mostly tropical regions of the world where year-round weed growth is favored. Before the sugarcane crop emerges, weeds must be managed in order to maximize solar heating and to stimulate new shoots. During early growth the crop is particularly sensitive to competition for light, moisture, and nutrients. Within 6 months the crop canopy expands to a size that shades and suppresses most weeds. Suppression is important because weedy sugarcane impairs harvesting and reduces sugar recovery at the mill. Selective herbicides are relatively recent developments in the 5000-year history of sugarcane production. After 1945, when phenoxy herbicides were first sold, one person using 2,4-D in a backpack sprayer could accomplish the work of 15 others using hoes and with far more lasting results than simply severing weeds with a steel tool at the soil surface. While three herbicide families (triazines, phenoxys, and dinitroanilines) are of major importance in sugarcane production, the triazines, atrazine and ametryn clearly predominate. Triazine herbicides were first developed for sugarcane in the 1960s. No other herbicide chemistry has provided the magnitude of global, lasting benefits to weed control in sugarcane as the single class containing atrazine and ametryn. Atrazine is used on greater than 70% of the US sugarcane acreage. While other herbicides have been commercialized for sugarcane, no single chemical or combination offers the advantages of atrazine in terms of consistent performance, low cost, residual control of numerous weeds, flexibility in time and method of application, compatibility with other herbicides, and crop safety. Furthermore, the triazine herbicides have freed operators from much of the laborious burden of weed control, enabling them to manage other resources to maximize returns of both agricultural and milling operations. Since atrazine and ametryn were introduced, the genetic potentials of sugarcane cultivars have been more fully realized because the soil tillage and water losses have been reduced. Ametryn is important in sugarcane on a global basis. Ninety-four percent of all ametryn sold is used in sugarcane. Ametryn is used more than any other herbicide on sugarcane; it is applied on more than 7 million ha (17 million A) of sugarcane worldwide. The chemical is especially useful for postemergence control of several grassy and broadleaf weeds and offers residual activity. Pendimethalin and trifluralin, two dinitroaniline herbicides, offer good residual control of seedling grasses and are sometimes applied with the triazine herbicides. However, they provide no postemergence control. The sugarcane industry in the United States and worldwide is highly dependent on the continued availability of triazine herbicides. In the United States, growers use reduced quantities of atrazine by applying it as a band over the row. Ametryn is strategically important as a postemergence treatment. The loss of any of the most essential sugarcane herbicides, including ametryn, atrazine, or 2,4-D, will likely result in more frequent applications of other herbicides to maintain the same level of weed control. Also, risks of crop injury would occur. Case studies from Hawaii and Louisiana document a dramatic decline in the development of sugarcane herbicides. Evidence shows that the decline in the Hawaiian sugarcane acreage was attributable, at least in part, to delays in commercializing new weed control products (Smith, 1998b). Crop rotations and tillage are already practiced to the fullest extent feasible in sugarcane. Cultivation is a complementary practice; it is not a substitute for chemical weed control because sugarcane roots are extremely sensitive to tillage and compaction (Matherne, 1974). Some farmers endure a negative cash flow from fallow tillage to control pernicious weeds before replanting. Biological control with beneficial insects or pathogens may be possible for a few specific weed pests (Rozeff, 1997). The development of transgenic herbicide-resistant sugarcane offers a potential for controlling perennial weeds, but several nontechnical ownership equity issues must be resolved (Irvine and Mirkov, 1997). In addition, as more glyphosate-resistant crops are introduced, more weeds are becoming resistant to glyphosate. C1 [Smith, Dudley T.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Richard, Edward P., Jr.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70361 USA. [Santo, Lance T.] Hawaii Agr Res Ctr, Aiea, HI USA. RP Smith, DT (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-055963-6 PY 2008 BP 185 EP 197 DI 10.1016/B978-044451167-6.50018-0 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA BEO76 UT WOS:000317601100016 ER PT B AU Laird, DA Koskinen, WC AF Laird, David A. Koskinen, William C. BE LeBaron, HM McFarland, JE Burnside, OC TI Triazine Soil Interactions SO TRIAZINE HERBICIDES: 50 YEARS REVOLUTIONIZING AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; ATRAZINE ADSORPTION-DESORPTION; BOUND NONEXTRACTABLE RESIDUES; TIME-DEPENDENT SORPTION; ALKYLAMINO-S-TRIAZINES; FIELD-MOIST SOILS; HUMIC ACIDS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; HERBICIDE ADSORPTION; CLAY-MINERALS AB The fate of triazine herbicides in soils is controlled by three basic processes: transformation, retention, and transport. This chapter focuses primarily on soil properties and processes that influence retention. While transformation includes both biological and abiotic decomposition, only abiotic processes are covered in this chapter. Sorption of triazines on surfaces of soil particles is the primary means by which triazines are retained in soils. Soils are very complex mixtures of living organisms, various types of organic matter, and mineral particles. These soil constituents have many different types of surfaces. On a very general level, the various surface sites in soils may be classified as ionic, polar, and nonpolar. The ionic and polar sites interact with polar functional groups on triazine molecules. However, these sites also have a high affinity for water, and triazines must compete with water for these sites. Water is very competitive, and generally outcompetes the chlorotriazines for ionic and polar soil surface sites. The methoxy-, methylthio- and hydroxytriazines are somewhat more competitive against water for the ionic and polar soil surface sites than the chlorotriazines. The nonpolar sites on soil surfaces have a low affinity for water and therefore readily interact with nonpolar portions of triazine molecules (the alkyl side chains). Triazines interact with soil most strongly when the different functional groups on the triazine molecules are closely matched with active sites on the soil surface. Transformation of triazines is primarily the result of degradation caused by microorganisms. However, triazines are also subject to a slow chemical degradation process known as hydrolysis. Chemical hydrolysis of atrazine, for example, is a process where the chlorine atom is removed from the atrazine molecule and replaced with a hydroxyl (OH) group. Chemical hydrolysis is relatively fast in acidic and alkaline soils, but it is relatively slow in neutral soils. In neutral soils, the rate of chemical hydrolysis of triazines increases when the triazine is adsorbed on the surfaces of soil particles. Hydroxytriazines, the products of chemical hydrolysis, are very strongly held by soil surfaces and hence move very slowly in soils. The hydroxytriazines have no biological activity. The amount of a triazine sorbed on a soil can range from 0% to 100%, but typically ranges from 50% to 80% of the amount applied. Sorption of triazines by soils generally shows a moderate to weak correlation with the organic matter content of soils. The percent clay in soils is generally only weakly correlated with triazine sorption. However, the amount of clay surfaces and the nature of those surfaces are far more important than the percent clay in determining sorption of triazines by soil clays. The pH of a soil has a big influence on sorption of triazines. As a general rule, sorption of triazines increases with decreasing soil pH. The length of time a triazine has been in a soil (aging) also has a big influence on sorption. Generally, the longer the triazine has been in the soil the more difficult it is to desorb. The cause of this aging effect is only partially understood. Other factors - such as levels of dissolved organic carbon, triazine concentration, soil water content, and temperature - may influence sorption of triazines by soils. Unfortunately, many solute leaching models rely solely on the organic matter content of soils to account for variability in triazine sorption among soils. Such models, while better than assuming all soils are the same, miss much of the variability in triazine sorption among soils. C1 [Laird, David A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Laird, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. NR 238 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-055963-6; 978-0-444-51167-6 PY 2008 BP 275 EP 299 DI 10.1016/B978-044451167-6.50024-6 PG 25 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA BEO76 UT WOS:000317601100022 ER PT B AU Koskinen, WC Banks, PA AF Koskinen, William C. Banks, Philip A. BE LeBaron, HM McFarland, JE Burnside, OC TI Soil Movement and Persistence of Triazine Herbicides SO TRIAZINE HERBICIDES: 50 YEARS REVOLUTIONIZING AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SILT LOAM SOIL; STARCH-ENCAPSULATED ATRAZINE; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; CONTROLLED-RELEASE FORMULATIONS; SURFACE-APPLIED CHEMICALS; VEGETATIVE FILTER STRIPS; NO-TILLAGE CORN; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NONPOINT-SOURCE CONTAMINATION; MODELING PESTICIDE TRANSPORT AB Although the majority of an applied triazine herbicide remains in the surface soil where it controls weeds while degrading, soil movement and persistence has been well studied and documented. A variety of factors affect triazine runoff, including method of application, soil properties, type of tillage, and environmental conditions. Estimates of triazine amounts in runoff from agricultural fields vary widely, with the highest concentrations occurring in the first 2 months after application. In most field-leaching studies, which are typically limited to depths <2 m, triazines are retained and degraded in the top 50cm of surface soil. Amounts of triazines detected in subsurface drainage water are typically low - about 0.1% of the triazine applied to crops. Triazine persistence is usually characterized in terms of the time it takes for 50% of the triazine to either degrade (t(1/2)) or dissipate (DT50). Values of t(1/2) or DT50 range from 14 to 112 days, with a mean t(1/2) or DT50 of 36 +/- 25 days. In many cases, triazine dissipation has been shown to be biphasic, not first order. For instance, when applied in spring, initial rapid degradation occurs during the first 2 months after application, followed by slower degradation in the dry summer and cold fall and winter. Triazines can persist at low concentrations for long periods after application; however, they do not accumulate in soil after long-term use. Thus, triazine movement and persistence are influenced by many factors, the interactions of which are not always easy to predict. Several models have been used as tools to estimate losses and to identify variables that will impact the rate and magnitude of loss. Considering the broad range in soil properties and climatic conditions used, some models performed well. However, modeling results and predictions are only estimates, and the fate and transport of triazines in the soil environment has been shown to be affected by many factors, including concentration, soil texture, variation in climate, and differences in tillage practices. C1 [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Banks, Philip A.] Marathon Agr Environm Consulting, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Koskinen, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. NR 345 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-055963-6; 978-0-444-51167-6 PY 2008 BP 355 EP 385 DI 10.1016/B978-044451167-6.50027-1 PG 31 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA BEO76 UT WOS:000317601100025 ER PT J AU Ipek, M Ipek, A Simon, PW AF Ipek, Meryem Ipek, Ahmet Simon, Philipp W. TI Rapid characterization of garlic clones with locus-specific DNA markers SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Allium sativum L.; genetic characterization; DNA markers; germplasm ID ALLIUM-SATIVUM L.; GENETIC DIVERSITY; AFLP MARKERS; CLASSIFICATION; CULTIVARS; ISOZYME; MAP AB Maintenance of redundant garlic (Allium sativum L.) accessions is expensive due to the necessity of yearly regenerating garlic accessions in germplasm centers. Therefore, rapid characterization of garlic accessions is important for avoiding duplicated genotypes. For this purpose we developed several locus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA markers, and tested them for the characterization of garlic clones that were previously analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Among 25 garlic clones, 4 locus-specific markers generated 24 polymorphic alleles. Garlic accessions within a group determined by AFLP and RAPD analyses generally had the same alleles as the locus-specific markers. In addition. several alleles of these locus-specific markers were associated only with certain AFLP and RAPID groups, which can allow rapid assessment of newly collected garlic accessions; therefore. these locus-specific markers can be used as another tool for the rapid characterization of garlic germplasm collections. C1 [Ipek, Meryem; Ipek, Ahmet] Uludag Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey. [Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Simon, Philipp W.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ipek, M (reprint author), Uludag Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, TR-16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey. EM msipek@uludag.edu.tr NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY PI ANKARA PA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY SN 1300-011X J9 TURK J AGRIC FOR JI Turk. J. Agric. For. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 5 BP 357 EP 362 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 350AB UT WOS:000259323700001 ER PT J AU Firincioglu, HK Sahin, B Seefeldt, S Mert, F Hakyemez, BH Vural, M AF Firincioglu, Hueseyin Kansur Sahin, Bilal Seefeldt, Steven Mert, Fehmi Hakyemez, Basri Hakan Vural, Mecit TI Pilot study for an assessment of vegetation structure for steppe rangelands of Central Anatolia SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE semiarid; steppe-rangelands; vegetation-pattern; Central Anatolia; redundancy analysis ID GRAZING MANAGEMENT; PASTURE; BIODIVERSITY; HERBIVORES; GRASSLANDS; DYNAMICS AB In the last 50 years, rangelands in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey have been converted to cropping lands, which has negatively accelerated vegetation change. resulting in overgrazing and poor condition and productivity. In these steppe rangelands, to develop a rational basis for making restoration and management decisions. the vegetation structure must be well understood. Thus. the objectives of this study were to: (1) define vegetation patterns through assessing spatial distribution of the plant species and groups, (2) evaluate the relationships between vegetation and environmental aspects and range condition, and (3) outline possible restoration implementations. Therefore, a study was carried out in Pasah village rangelands of Nevsehir province in 2004. Thirty-seven sites in 733 ha range area were surveyed, and 78 plant species were identified. Most of the identified species were forbs (60), followed by grasses (11) and shrubs (7). The major range species were Thymus sipyleus (7.2%). Festuca valesiaca (6.9%). and Bromus tomentellus (6.4%). Range condition scores fell between 1.20 to 3.40, representing very poor to poor condition. The positive relation of Bromus tomentellus cover. as an enviable perennial grass, with the range condition score (P < 0.001) can pave the way for the condition improvement. Our classification result displayed several groups of species, although there were not many environmental differences, indicating that the groupings are most likely to have occurred due to the spatially-varying grazing intensity. In order to increase the proportion of desirable species in this over-grazed rangeland, the implementation of deferment grazing especially until after seed setting should be essential. C1 [Sahin, Bilal; Vural, Mecit] Gazi Univ, Fac Sci & Art, Dept Biol, TR-06500 Ankara, Turkey. [Seefeldt, Steven] Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, SubArctic Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Mert, Fehmi] Gen Directorate Agr Prod Dev, Dept Crop Prod, Ankara, Turkey. [Hakyemez, Basri Hakan] Onsekiz Mart Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Field Crops, Canakkale, Turkey. RP Firincioglu, HK (reprint author), 2 Cadde 34-4, TR-06500 Ankara, Turkey. EM huseyin@tr.net FU Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Turkish Republic FX We are grateful to the staffs of the Nevsehir Provincial Agriculture Directorate, who assisted with vegetation surveys. The authors wish to thank to Mustafa Tas and Gurol Cetin for their kind help and to Mr. Oztekin Urla for providing the satellite image of the study area and to Prof. Dr. Ahmet Gokkus for his contributions in the determination of plant quality values. This study was funded by the Range Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Turkish Republic. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY PI ANKARA PA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY SN 1300-011X J9 TURK J AGRIC FOR JI Turk. J. Agric. For. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 5 BP 401 EP 414 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 350AB UT WOS:000259323700006 ER PT J AU Dunn, WC Elwell, JH Tunberg, G AF Dunn, William C. Elwell, James H. Tunberg, Gail TI Safety education in bear country: Are people getting the message? SO URSUS LA English DT Article DE American black bears; education; garbage; nuisance; Ursus americanus ID NUISANCE BLACK BEARS; SUCCESS AB A variety of approaches have been used by wildlife agencies to educate people about encounters with American black bears (Ursus americanus), but little evaluation of their effectiveness has occurred. We distributed brochures, posters, and adhesive signs with messages about how to be safe around black bears in 2 areas of New Mexico where this information had not been widely disseminated and where encounters between people and black bears were common. To evaluate the effectiveness of our efforts, we used identical survey instruments to poll residents and campers in the 2 areas where safety information was widely distributed (treatment areas) and residents and campers in 3 other areas where information was not distributed (reference areas). Knowledge levels of respondents in treatment areas were higher than those of respondents in reference areas for residents and to a lesser extent for campers. Residents in treatment areas had the highest knowledge levels of all sample groups. Respondents generally understood the critical role anthropogenic food plays in creating nuisance behavior. We discuss recommendations for further research. C1 [Dunn, William C.] New Mexico Dept Game & Fish, Santa Fe, NM 87504 USA. [Elwell, James H.] DISC Informat Serv Inc, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA. [Tunberg, Gail] US Forest Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Dunn, WC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM bdunn@unm.edu NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC BEAR RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT-IBA PI KNOXVILLE PA UNIV, TENNESSEE, 274 ELLINGTON HALL, KNOXVILLE, TN 379996 USA SN 1537-6176 J9 URSUS JI Ursus PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.2192/1537-6176(2008)19[43:SEIBCA]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 307QJ UT WOS:000256333100005 ER PT J AU Natilla, A Nemchinov, LG AF Natilla, A. Nemchinov, L. G. TI Expression of Avian Influenza Virus Epitope (M2e) in fusion with Potato Virus X Coat Protein SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE Potato virus X; Avian Influenza Virus; virus vectors; plant vaccine C1 [Natilla, A.; Nemchinov, L. G.] USDA ARS, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600157 ER PT J AU Spatz, SJ Gimeno, IM Heidari, M AF Spatz, S. J. Gimeno, I. M. Heidari, M. TI Identification of Marek's Disease Virus Genes Mutated During Serial Passage-Induced Attenuation SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE Marek's disease; attenuation; 454 pyrosequencing; quasi-species C1 [Spatz, S. J.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Gimeno, I. M.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600242 ER PT J AU McCuddin, ZP Carlson, SA Sharma, VK AF McCuddin, Z. P. Carlson, S. A. Sharma, Vijay K. TI Experimental reproduction of bovine Salmonella encephalopathy using a norepinephrine-based stress model SO VETERINARY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; encephalopathy; bovine; stress; norepinephrine ID IN-VIVO; MENINGITIS; INFECTION; PATHOGENICITY; ENTERITIDIS; ADAPTATION; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; CALVES; GENES AB Neurological disease represents a sporadic but serious manifestation of bovine salmonellosis that is thought to be related to systemic infection. Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin (S. Dublin) is the serovar most associated with systemic infection in cattle, although reports of neurological disease associated with S. Dublin or any other serovar are rare and usually anecdotal. This study reports the involvement of three strains of S. enterica, serovars Saintpaul, Montevideo, and Enteritidis, in Salmonella encephalopathies. Encephalopathies were reproduced in calves using a norepinephrine-based stress model. Neurological signs were not observed in calves infected with control strains of S. enterica, including S. Dublin, or in calves infected with clinical strains in the absence of norepinephrine. Therefore, norepinephrine may play a role in Salmonella encephalopathies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McCuddin, Z. P.; Carlson, S. A.; Sharma, Vijay K.] USDA ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Carlson, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM scarlson@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1090-0233 J9 VET J JI Vet. J. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 175 IS 1 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.12.014 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 269HI UT WOS:000253639700013 PM 17324598 ER PT J AU Balasuriya, UBR Nadler, SA Wilson, WC Pritchard, LI Smythe, AB Savini, G Monaco, F De Santis, P Zhang, N Tabachnick, WJ MacLachlan, NJ AF Balasuriya, U. B. R. Nadler, S. A. Wilson, W. C. Pritchard, L. I. Smythe, A. B. Savini, G. Monaco, F. De Santis, P. Zhang, N. Tabachnick, W. J. MacLachlan, N. J. TI The NS3 proteins of global strains of bluetongue virus evolve into regional topotypes through negative (purifying) selection SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bluetongue virus; NS3/3A protein; S10 gene; sequence; phylogeny ID UNITED-STATES; CULICOIDES-SONORENSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MEDITERRANEAN BASIN; NS3/NS3A GENE; EUROPE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEROTYPE-1; INFECTION; VECTOR AB Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the genes (S10) encoding the NS3 protein of 137 strains of bluetongue virus (BTV) from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia and the Mediterranean Basin showed limited variation. Common to all NS3 sequences were potential glycosylation sites at amino acid residues 63 and 150 and a cysteine at residue 137, whereas a cysteine at residue 181 was not conserved. The PPXY and PS/TAP late-domain motifs were conserved in all but three of the viruses. Phylogenetic analyses of these same sequences yielded two principal clades that grouped the viruses irrespective of their serotype or year of isolation (1900-2003). All viruses from Asia and Australia were grouped in one clade, whereas those from the other regions were present: in both clades. Each clade segregated into distinct subclades that included viruses from single or multiple regions, and the S10 genes of some field viruses were identical to those of live-attenuated BTV vaccines. There was no evidence of positive selection on the S10 gene as assessed by reconstruction of ancestral codon states on the phylogeny, rather the functional constraints of the NS3 protein are expressed through substantial negative (purifying) selection. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Balasuriya, U. B. R.; MacLachlan, N. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Nadler, S. A.; Smythe, A. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wilson, W. C.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pritchard, L. I.] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic, Australia. [Monaco, F.; De Santis, P.] Inst Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Abruzzo & Molise G, I-64100 Teramo, Italy. [Zhang, N.] Yunnan Trop & Subtrop Anim Virus Dis Lab, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Tabachnick, W. J.] Univ Florida, Florida Med Entomol Lab, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA. RP MacLachlan, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM njmaclachlan@ucdavis.edu RI Savini, Giovanni/D-8416-2016; Monaco, Federica/G-9282-2016 OI Savini, Giovanni/0000-0001-7933-7367; Monaco, Federica/0000-0002-7827-2642 NR 43 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 126 IS 1-3 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.07.006 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 245HC UT WOS:000251924700010 PM 17706379 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Kunkle, RA Richt, JA Miller, JM Greenlee, JJ AF Hamir, A. N. Kunkle, R. A. Richt, J. A. Miller, J. M. Greenlee, J. J. TI Experimental transmission of US scrapie agent by nasal, peritoneal, and conjunctival routes to genetically susceptible sheep SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prion disease; routes of inoculation; sheep scrapie; spongiform encephalopathy ID UNITED-STATES; SUFFOLK SHEEP; PRP GENOTYPES AB Scrapie is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. This study documents incubation periods, pathologic findings, and distribution of abnormal prion proteins (PrPSc) by immunohistochemistry in tissues of genetically susceptible sheep inoculated with US sheep scrapie agent. Four-month-old Suffolk lambs (QQ at codon 171) were inoculated by I of 3 different routes (nasal, peritoneal, and conjunctival) with an inoculum (No. 13-7) consisting of a pool of scrapie-affected sheep brains. Except for 3 sheep, all inoculated animals were euthanized when advanced clinical signs of scrapie were observed between 19 and 46 months postinoculation (NIPI). Spongiform lesions in the brains and labeling of PrPSc in central nervous system and lymphoid tissues were present in these sheep. One intranasally inoculated sheep euthanized at 12 MPI had presence of PrPSc that was confined to the pharyngeal tonsil. These results indicate that the upper respiratory tract, specifically the pharyngeal tonsil, may serve as a portal of entry for prion protein in scrapie-infected environments. C1 [Hamir, A. N.; Kunkle, R. A.; Richt, J. A.; Miller, J. M.; Greenlee, J. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amir.hamir@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 7 EP 11 DI 10.1354/vp.45-1-7 PG 5 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 254HU UT WOS:000252578500003 PM 18192568 ER PT J AU De Schepper, S De Ketelaere, A Bannerman, DD Paape, MJ Peelman, L Burvenich, C AF De Schepper, Stefanie De Ketelaere, Adelheid Bannerman, Douglas D. Paape, Max J. Peelman, Luc Burvenich, Christian TI The toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway and its possible role in the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cattle SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE TLR-4; E. coli mastitis; CD14 ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; NF-KAPPA-B; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PATTERN-RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; LPS-BINDING PROTEIN; SOLUBLE CD14; INTRAMAMMARY INFECTION AB Mastitis is one of the most costly production diseases in the dairy industry that is caused by a wide array of microorganisms. In this review, we focus on the Gram-negative Escherichia coli infections that often occur at periods when the innate immune defence mechanisms are impaired (i.e., parturition through the first 60 days of lactation). There is substantial evidence demonstrating that at these periods, the expected influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) into the mammary gland is delayed during inflammation after intramammary infection with E. coli. Here, we provide some hypotheses on the potential mechanisms of action on how the disease may develop under circumstances of immunosuppression, and describe the potential involvement of the toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction pathway in the pathogenesis of E. coli mastitis. In addition, some ideas are proposed to help prevent E. coli mastitis and potentially other diseases caused by Gram-negative infections in general. C1 [De Schepper, Stefanie; De Ketelaere, Adelheid; Burvenich, Christian] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Physiol Lab, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. [Bannerman, Douglas D.; Paape, Max J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Peelman, Luc] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Lab Anim Genet & Breeding, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Burvenich, C (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Physiol Lab, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. EM christian.burvenich@ugent.be NR 175 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0928-4249 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 39 IS 1 AR 05 DI 10.1051/vetres:2007044 PG 23 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 255ME UT WOS:000252661300005 PM 18073092 ER PT J AU Beason, RC Loew, ER AF Beason, Robert C. Loew, Ellis R. TI Visual pigment and oil droplet characteristics of the bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), a new world migratory bird SO VISION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE bird vision; cone; rod; photoreceptor; ultraviolet vision ID SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY; COLOR-VISION; CONE; DISCRIMINATION; VERTEBRATES; ORIENTATION; MECHANISMS; EVOLUTION; RETINAS; ECOLOGY AB The retinal photoreceptors of a New World migratory bird, the bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) Were examined using microspectrophotometry. Based on the absorbance spectra of their visual pigments and oil droplets, retinal photoreceptors include five classes of single cones, one double cone, and one rod. The single cones contain a long-wavelength pigment (lambda(max) = 564 nm) paired with a red or clear droplet, a medium-wavelength pigment (lambda(max) = 505 nm) with an orange or yellow droplet, and an ultraviolet pigment (lambda(max) 372 nm) with a transparent droplet. No violet- or blue-sensitive single. cone was found. The Bobolink double cone is unique: the, Accessory member possesses the violet sensitive pigment (lambda(max) = 403 nm), in contrast to the long-wavelength sensitive pigment. present in the double cones of other avian species. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Beason, Robert C.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Dept Biol, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. [Loew, Ellis R.] Cornell Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Beason, RC (reprint author), USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM beason@netzero.com NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0042-6989 J9 VISION RES JI Vision Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.visres.2007.10.006 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Ophthalmology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology GA 267LY UT WOS:000253511700001 PM 18054982 ER PT S AU Booth, SL Al Rajabi, A AF Booth, Sarah L. Al Rajabi, Ala BE Litwack, G TI Determinants of vitamin K status in humans SO VITAMIN K SE Vitamins and Hormones LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID OSTEOCALCIN GAMMA-CARBOXYLATION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1; DIETARY PHYLLOQUINONE; VKORC1 GENE; UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES; SOLUBLE VITAMINS AB To understand the role of vitamin K in human health, it is important to identify determinants of vitamin K status throughout the life cycle. Our current understanding of vitamin K physiology and metabolism only partially explains why there is wide interindividual variation in vitamin K status, as measured by various biochemical measures. Dietary intake of vitamin K is one of the primary determinants of vitamin K status, and intakes vary widely among age groups and population subgroups. How dietary sources of vitamin K are absorbed and transported varies with the form and food source of vitamin K. Likewise, the role of plasma lipids as a determinant of vitamin K status varies with the form of vitamin K ingested. There is also some evidence that other fat-soluble vitamins antagonize vitamin K under certain physiological conditions. Infants are at the greatest risk of vitamin K deficiency because of a poor maternal-fetal transfer across the placenta and low vitamin K concentrations in breast milk. During adulthood, there may be subtle age-related changes in vitamin K status but these are inconsistent and may be primarily related to dietary intake and lifestyle differences among different age groups. However, there is some suggestion that absence of estrogen among postmenopausal women may be a determinant of vitamin K, status. Genetics may explain some of the observed interindividual variability in vitamin K, but to date, there are few studies that have systematically explored the associations between individual genetic polymorphisms and biochemical measures of vitamin K status. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. C1 [Booth, Sarah L.; Al Rajabi, Ala] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RI Rajabi, Ala/F-9031-2012; OI AL RAJABI, ALA/0000-0003-2426-6279 NR 90 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0083-6729 BN 978-0-12-374113-4 J9 VITAM HORM JI Vitam. Horm. PY 2008 VL 78 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S0083-6729(07)00001-5 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA BHM07 UT WOS:000254219000001 PM 18374187 ER PT J AU Wan, YZ Schwaninger, H Li, D Simon, CJ Wang, YJ He, PC AF Wan, Yizhen Schwaninger, H. Li, Dan Simon, C. J. Wang, Yuejn He, Puchao TI The eco-geographic distribution of wild grape germplasm in China SO VITIS LA English DT Review DE China; grapes; Vitis species; wild germplasm; eco-geographic distribution AB Chinese wild Vitis species are mainly distributed in four major eco-geographic regions: (1) The Changbaishan Mountains and Xiaoxing'anling Mountains Region, (2) The Qinling Mountains Region, (3) The Mid-downstream Yangtze River Region and (4) The Guangxi Region. One, eighteen, thirty-two, and thirteen Vitis species have been found in these four regions, respectively. The Qinling Montains, the Bashan Montains, and the provinces of Jinagxi, Hubei, Hunan, and Guangxi have high Vitis diversity totaling over 30 species, indicating that these regions may be a major center of origin for Vitis. The range of distribution varies much among the species: Vitis pentagona, Vitis flexuosa, Vitis davidii, and Vitis wilsonae have a wide eco-geographic distribution; Vitis hancockii, Vitis bellula, and Vitis sinocinerea distribute more narrowly. The wild Vitis species of China are differentiated and adapted to local climates. We hope that this review familiarizes more researchers with the distribution of the wild grapes of China and will lead to more efficient collection and informed development of this germplasm. C1 [Wan, Yizhen; Li, Dan; Wang, Yuejn] NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Dept Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Schwaninger, H.; Simon, C. J.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, USDA, Agr Res Serv,Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Wang, YJ (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Dept Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangyuejin@263.net RI Wan, Yizhen/H-8493-2013 NR 17 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU JKI-INSTITUT REBENZUCHTUNG PI SIEBELDINGEN PA GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY SN 0042-7500 J9 VITIS JI Vitis PY 2008 VL 47 IS 2 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 293YD UT WOS:000255370400001 ER PT J AU Wan, YZ Schwaninger, H Li, D Simon, CJ Wang, YJ Zhang, CH AF Wan, Yizhen Schwaninger, H. Li, Dan Simon, C. J. Wang, Yuejin Zhang, Chaohong TI A review of taxonomic research on Chinese wild grapes SO VITIS LA English DT Review DE Vitis; Chinese; species; wild germplasm; taxonomy AB The taxonomy of Chinese wild grapes can be traced back to the end of the 18(th) century. However, most research in this field was performed in the last three decades. On the basis of the data from the Chinese wild grape germplasm collected in the last 25 years at the College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, and publications by other scientists in China, we concluded there were 40 species, 1 subspecies, and 13 varieties of Chinese wild grapes. These were classified into 1 subgenus, 5 sections and 4 series according to FASONG WANG et al.'s systematics. The systematics on Chinese wild grapes is discussed in this paper. C1 [Wan, Yizhen; Li, Dan; Wang, Yuejin; Zhang, Chaohong] NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Schwaninger, H.; Simon, C. J.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, USDA,Dept Hort Serv, Agr Res Serv,Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Wang, YJ (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangyuejin@263.net RI Wan, Yizhen/H-8493-2013 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU JKI-INSTITUT REBENZUCHTUNG PI SIEBELDINGEN PA GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY SN 0042-7500 J9 VITIS JI Vitis PY 2008 VL 47 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 293YD UT WOS:000255370400002 ER PT J AU Spokas, K AF Spokas, K. TI Plastics - still young, but having a mature impact SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Spokas, K.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spokas, K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Spokas, K (reprint author), USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Kurt.Spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PY 2008 VL 28 IS 3 BP 473 EP 474 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.11.003 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 261RL UT WOS:000253097600001 PM 18065218 ER PT J AU Lynch, JM Schepers, JS AF Lynch, J. M. Schepers, J. S. TI Soils, climate change and the OECD SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Soils and Waste Management CY JUN 15-16, 2006 CL Gorizia, ITALY SP Cooperat Res Programme Biol Resource Management Sustainable Agr Sys ID TERRESTRIAL PLANTS; METHANE AB Sonic concepts of sustainability applied to soils are given in relation to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Co-operative Research Programme 'Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems'. The application of these concepts to climate change will be discussed in relation to seven high-profile papers published over the past 12 months. It is argued that multi-disciplinary (including social science) approaches are needed to address the issues. There is also a brief discussion on biomass energy in terms of soil sustainability and climate change. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lynch, J. M.] Forest Res, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England. [Schepers, J. S.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Lynch, JM (reprint author), Forest Res, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England. EM J.Lynch@sui-i-ey.ae.uk NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 673 EP 677 DI 10.1016/j.wasnian.2007.09.021 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 271KF UT WOS:000253786600002 PM 18053702 ER PT J AU Vanotti, MB Szogi, AA Vives, CA AF Vanotti, M. B. Szogi, A. A. Vives, C. A. TI Greenhouse gas emission reduction and environmental quality improvement from implementation of aerobic waste treatment systems in swine farms SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Soils and Waste Management CY JUN 15-16, 2006 CL Gorizia, ITALY SP Cooperat Res Programme Biol Resource Management Sustainable Agr Sys ID AMMONIA EMISSIONS; LAGOONS; MANURE; WATER AB Trading of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions is an attractive approach to help producers implement cleaner treatment technologies to replace current anaerobic lagoons. Our objectives were to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions from implementation of aerobic technology in USA swine farms. Emission reductions were calculated using the approved United Nations framework convention on climate change (UNFCCC) methodology in conjunction with monitoring information collected during full-scale demonstration of the new treatment system in a 4360-head swine operation in North Carolina (USA). Emission sources for the project and baseline manure management system were methane (CH4) emissions from the decomposition of manure under anaerobic conditions and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions during storage and handling of manure in the manure management system. Emission reductions resulted from the difference between total project and baseline emissions. The project activity included an on-farm wastewater treatment system consisting of liquid-solid separation, treatment of the separated liquid using aerobic biological N removal, chemical disinfection and soluble P removal using lime. The project activity was completed with a centralized facility that used aerobic composting to process the separated solids. Replacement of the lagoon technology with the cleaner aerobic technology reduced GHG emissions 96.9%, from 4972 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-eq) to 153 tonnes CO2-eq/year. Total net emission reductions by the project activity in the 4360-head finishing operation were 4776.6 tonnes CO2-eq per year or 1.10 tonnes CO2-eq/head per year. The dollar value from implementation of this project in this swine farm was US$19,106/year using current Chicago Climate Exchange trading values of US$4/t CO2. This translates into a direct economic benefit to the producer of US$1.75 per finished pig. Thus, GHG emission reductions and credits can help compensate for the higher installation cost of cleaner aerobic technologies and facilitate producer adoption of environmentally superior technologies to replace current anaerobic lagoons in the USA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vanotti, M. B.; Szogi, A. A.] USDA, ARS, Coastal Plain Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Vives, C. A.] Agricola Super Ltd, Agrosuper, Rancagua CC 333, Chile. RP Vanotti, MB (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Coastal Plain Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM Matias.Vanotti@ars.Lisda.gov RI Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PY 2008 VL 28 IS 4 BP 759 EP 766 DI 10.1016/j.wasinan.2007.09.034 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 271KF UT WOS:000253786600013 PM 18060761 ER PT J AU Padgett, PE Minnich, RA AF Padgett, Pamela E. Minnich, Richard A. TI Wet deposition of nitrogenous pollutants and the effect of storm duration and wind direction: A case study from inland southern california SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen deposition; Rainfall volume; Attenuation; Wet deposition; Ammonium; Nitrate ID RAINFALL AB Meteorological factors affecting concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in rain were examined. Rain samples were collected on an event basis from a location 100 km east of the Los Angeles Basin. Analysis of the data demonstrated a double decay function where small increases in rain volume resulted in large decreases in nitrogen concentration. In separate time series collections of individual storms, storm wind direction also influenced nitrogen concentrations. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Padgett, PE (reprint author), 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM ppadgett@fs.fed.us NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 187 IS 1-4 BP 337 EP 341 DI 10.1007/s11270-007-9493-y PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 236RX UT WOS:000251322200028 ER PT J AU Gerba, CP Campo, NCD Brooks, JP Pepper, IL AF Gerba, Charles P. Campo, Nohelia Castro-del Brooks, John P. Pepper, Ian L. TI Exposure and risk assessment of Salmonella in recycled residuals SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE class B biosolids; land application; regrowth; residuals; risk assessment; Salmonella; storage ID LAND APPLIED BIOSOLIDS; SOIL; REGROWTH AB The potential health effects of Salmonella found in wastewater residuals is dependent on the exposure of individuals to the organism. This paper provides a risk assessment for human infection from Salmonella due to direct contact with Class B biosolids, and from contact with Class A biosolids following regrowth of Salmonella. In addition, a risk assessment is provided for infection via airborne transport of bioaerosols from Class B biosolids and biosolids in which regrowth had occurred, to off-site communities. Results of the risk characterization imply that the risk of human infection from direct contact with Class B land applied residuals and subsequent ingestion is low. In contrast, the risk from direct contact with Class A residuals following regrowth is greater. Risks from airborne transport of Salmonella via bioaerosols away from a Class B land application site are also low. However, once again the risk from aerosols resulting from biosolids in which regrowth had occurred was greater. Based on these analyses, we conclude that it is highly unlikely that Salmonella infections will occur from land applied Class A or B residuals. However, risks become significant if Class A biosolids are stored anaerobically i.e. saturated, prior to land application. C1 [Gerba, Charles P.; Campo, Nohelia Castro-del] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brooks, John P.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Pepper, Ian L.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. RP Gerba, CP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, 1177 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM gerba@ag.arizona.edu; jbrooks@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov; ipepper@ag.arizona.edu NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 57 IS 7 BP 1061 EP 1065 DI 10.2166/wst.2008.235 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 294WV UT WOS:000255437900014 PM 18441433 ER PT J AU Bryan, AL Brooks, WB Taylor, JD Richardson, DM Jeske, CW Brisbin, IL AF Bryan, A. Lawrence, Jr. Brooks, William B. Taylor, Jimmy D. Richardson, David M. Jeske, Clinton W. Brisbin, I. Lehr, Jr. TI Satellite tracking large-scale movements of Wood Storks captured in the Gulf Coast region SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Wood Stork Symposium held at the Annual Meeting of the Waterbird-Society CY 2005 CL Jekyll Isl, GA SP Waterbird Soc DE Gulf Coast; migration; movements; Mycteria americana; Wood Stork ID MIGRATION ROUTES; LOCATIONS; HERONS AB Wood Storks (Mycteria americana) breeding in the southeastern United States exhibit lengthy inter- and intra-regional movements in response to resource availability. One type of movement., post-breeding dispersal, has resulted in storks from this population temporarily moving into the Gulf Coast states of Alabama and eastern Mississippi. Concurrently, other Wood Storks, presumably of Mexican/Central American origin, are frequently observed in large numbers in the Mississippi River Valley and nearby western states during the late-summer months and the proximity of dispersing storks from the two regions might result in population mixing. In a preliminary examination of the origins of Wood Storks observed in Gulf Coast states and the likelihood of population mixing, we deployed ten satellite transmitters on storks in those areas in June-July of 2003 and monitored their movements. All storks captured in eastern Mississippi moved into southern Florida. Storks captured in western Mississippi went to eastern Mexico or western Guatemala. One stork from Louisiana went to Mexico and the other went to southern Florida, suggesting that population mixing may be occurring on their non-breeding season habitats. C1 [Bryan, A. Lawrence, Jr.; Brisbin, I. Lehr, Jr.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Brooks, William B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Jacksonville, FL 32216 USA. [Taylor, Jimmy D.] Mississippi State Univ, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Richardson, David M.] Noxubee Natl Wildlife Refuge, Brooksville, MS 39739 USA. [Jeske, Clinton W.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Bryan, AL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM Larry.Bryan@ttnus.com NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PY 2008 VL 31 SI 1 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.1675/1524-4695(2008)31[35:STLMOW]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 313ND UT WOS:000256746400007 ER PT J AU Gaines, TA Henry, WB Byrne, PF Westra, P Nissen, SJ Shaner, DL AF Gaines, Todd A. Henry, W. Brien Byrne, Patrick F. Westra, Philip Nissen, Scott J. Shaner, Dale L. TI Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) by imidazolinone-resistant wheat hybridization under field conditions SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE herbicide-resistant crops; hybridization; pollen-mediated gene flow ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; WINTER-WHEAT; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; GENE FLOW; CL WHEAT; REGISTRATION; HYBRIDS; IMAZAMOX; INTROGRESSION; RELATIVES AB Gene flow between jointed goatgrass and winter wheat is a concern because transfer of herbicide-resistance genes from imidazolinone-resistant (IR) winter wheat cultivars to jointed goatgrass could restrict weed-management options for this serious weed of winter wheat cropping systems. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the frequency of interspecific hybridization between IR wheat and jointed goatgrass in eastern Colorado, and (2) to determine the gene action of the IR acerolactate synthase (ALS) allele in IR wheat by jointed goatgrass and in IR wheat by imidazolinone-susceptible (IS) wheat backgrounds. jointed goatgrass was sampled side-by-side with IR wheat and at distances up to 53 m away in both experimental plots and at commercial field study sites in 2003, 2004, and 2005. A greenhouse-screening method was used to identify IR hybrids in collected jointed goatgrass seed. The average percentage of hybridization across sites and years when IR wheat and jointed goatgrass were grown side-by-side was 0.1%, and the maximum was 1.6%. The greatest distance over which hybridization was documented was 16 in. The IR ALS allele contributed 25% of untreated ALS activity in jointed goatgrass by IR wheat F, plants, as measured by an in vitro ALS assay. The hybridization rate between wheat and jointed goatgrass and the expression of the IR wheat ALS allele in hybrid plants will both influence trait introgression into jointed goatgrass. C1 [Gaines, Todd A.; Byrne, Patrick F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Henry, W. Brien] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. [Westra, Philip; Nissen, Scott J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shaner, Dale L.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Gaines, TA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM todd.gaines@colostate.edu RI Gaines, Todd/A-8998-2008; OI Gaines, Todd/0000-0003-1485-7665; Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1614/WS-07-033.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800005 ER PT J AU McGiffen, M Spokas, K Forcella, F Archer, D Poppe, S Figueroa, R AF McGiffen, Milt Spokas, Kurt Forcella, Frank Archer, David Poppe, Steven Figueroa, Rodrigo TI Emergence prediction of common Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE base temperature; base soil water potential; Weibull function ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; SOIL-MOISTURE; BULK-DENSITY; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; SELECTIVITY; VALIDATION; RESISTANCE; STRAWBERRY AB Common groundsel is an important weed of strawberry and other horticultural crops. Few herbicides are registered for common groundsel control in such crops, and understanding and predicting the timing and extent of common groundsel emergence might facilitate its management. We developed simple emergence models on the basis of soil thermal time and soil hydrothermal time and validate them with the use of field-derived data from Minnesota and Ohio. Soil thermal time did not predict the timing and extent of seedling emergence as well as hydrothermal time. Soil hydrothermal time, adjusted for shading effects caused by straw mulch in strawberry, greatly improved the accuracy of seedling emergence predictions. Although common groundsel generally emerges from sites at or near the soil surface, the hydrothermal model better predicts emergence when using hydrothermal time at 5 cm rather than 0.005 cm, probably because of the volatility of soil temperature and water potential near the soil surface. C1 [McGiffen, Milt] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Spokas, Kurt; Forcella, Frank; Archer, David] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Poppe, Steven] Univ Minnesota, W Cent Res & Outreach Ctr, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Figueroa, Rodrigo] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Agron & Ing Forestal, Santiago, Chile. RP McGiffen, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM milt@ucr.edu RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Archer, David/0000-0002-4816-7040 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 11 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1614/WS-07-060.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800009 ER PT J AU Zhu, CW Zeng, Q Ziska, LH Zhu, JG Xie, ZB Liu, G AF Zhu, Chunwu Zeng, Qing Ziska, Lewis H. Zhu, Jianguo Xie, Zubing Liu, Gang TI Effect of nitrogen supply on carbon dioxide-induced changes in competition between rice and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; competition; nitrogen stress ID CO2 ENRICHMENT; ELEVATED CO2; C-4 PLANTS; GROWTH; RESPONSES; WEEDS; CROP; TEMPERATURE; NUTRITION; NITRATE AB As atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) increases, it is anticipated that the competitive ability Of C-3 crops could be enhanced relative to C-4 weeds in agricultural systems. However, given the different nitrogen use efficiencies of C-3 and C-4 plants, it is unclear whether any effect of increasing [CO2] on C-3/C-4 competition is nitrogen dependent. To determine the interaction Of [CO2] and N availability on species growth and competitive outcomes, the growth of rice (C-3 photosynthetic pathway) was examined in both monoculture and in competition with a common weed, barnyardgrass (C-4 photosynthetic pathway) at two levels of N supply (0.357 and 1.071 mmol N L-1) and two levels Of [CO2] (ambient and ambient + 200 pmol mol(-1)) under field conditions in eastern China. In monoculture, the biomass response of rice to elevated [CO2] depended on N supply, whereas the response of barnyardgrass to elevated [CO2] was less dependent on nitrogen. Consequently, when grown in mixture, the proportion of rice biomass increased relative to that of barnyardgrass under elevated [CO2] if the supply of nitrogen was adequate. However, if N was low, elevated [CO2] significantly reduced the proportion of leaf area and root biomass relative to barriyardgass biomass. Although data from this experiment confirm that competitiveness of rice could be enhanced relative to C-4 weeds in response to rising [CO2] in situ, the data also indicate that such a response could be contingent on the supply of nitrogen. This suggests that, for rice cropping systems where N is in limited supply, rising atmospheric CO2 could still exacerbate competitive losses, even from C-4 weeds. C1 [Zhu, Chunwu; Zeng, Qing; Zhu, Jianguo; Xie, Zubing; Liu, Gang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Ziska, Lewis H.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhu, JG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. EM jgzhu@issas.ac.cn NR 30 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 27 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 66 EP 71 DI 10.1614/WS-07-088.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800010 ER PT J AU Williams, MM Boydston, RA Davis, AS AF Williams, Martin M., II Boydston, Rick A. Davis, Adam S. TI Differential tolerance in sweet corn to wild-proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) interference SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE competition; path analysis; risk; weed density; yield loss ID ZEA-MAYS; SUPPRESSIVE ABILITY; WEED-CONTROL; YIELD LOSS; HYBRIDS; MAIZE; COMPETITION; DENSITY; TRAITS; GROWTH AB Crop tolerance (CT), the crop's ability to endure or avoid competitive stress from weeds, varies between old and modern dent corn hybrids; however, this hypothesis has not been tested in sweet corn. Three modern sweet corn hybrids, known to vary in canopy density, were subjected to a range of wild-proso millet densities under irrigated conditions in Washington and primarily rain-fed conditions in Illinois. A path analysis was used to identify relationships among CT and specific canopy properties important to competitive interactions. Crop tolerance varied among hybrids in three of four site-years. Sweet corn hybrid 'Spirit' suffered higher yield losses than hybrids 'WHT2801' and 'GH2547'. Generally higher yield loss parameter estimates in Illinois, compared with Washington, suggests CT may have more to offer for weed management in the north-central than north-western United States. Path analysis indicated that wild-proso millet biomass and seedling population density were both important factors driving yield loss in canopy-sparse Spirit, whereas only early season wild-proso millet population density contributed to yield loss of canopy-dense WHT2801 and GH2547. Differential tolerance to weed interference exists among commercially available sweet corn hybrids. C1 [Williams, Martin M., II; Davis, Adam S.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Invas Weed Management Res, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Boydston, Rick A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Invas Weed Management Res, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM martin.williams@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1614/WS-7-062.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800013 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL Farahani, HJ Buchleiter, GW AF Shaner, Dale L. Farahani, Hamid J. Buchleiter, Gerald W. TI Predicting and mapping herbicide-soil partition coefficients for EPTC, metribuzin, and metolachlor on three Colorado fields SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE precision agriculture; electrical conductivity; herbicide-soil partition coefficient; soil ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEM; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; SORPTION; EFFICACY; ATRAZINE; SALINITY; ALACHLOR; MOBILITY AB Understanding the spatial variability of herbicide sorption to soil is important in determining the bioavailability as well as leaching potential of the chemical across a field. Multiple methods have been used to estimate herbicide sorption variability at the macroscale, but it has been difficult to measure soil heterogeneity or herbicide sorption at the individual field level. One method to determine soil heterogeneity is to create zones within a field based on maps of the apparent bulk soil electrical conductivity (ECa). These zones can be used to direct soil sampling to determine the fraction of organic carbon (f(oc)) of each zone. The f(oc), in turn, can be used to predict the variability of herbicide binding among zones. Surface (0 to 30 cm) bulk-soil electrical conductivity (ECs) maps were made for three sandy fields in eastern Colorado, and soil samples were taken from the ECs zones within each field. The f(oc), and the soil-water partition coefficient (K-d) for EPTC, metribuzin, and metolachlor were determined for each sample. There were significant correlations between ECs and f(oc) (R = 0.75) and between f(oc) and Kd for EPTC, metribuzin, and metolachlor (R = 0.66, 0.61, and 0.71, respectively) across all three fields. Additional soil samples taken from the ECs zones located in previously unsampled areas of the three fields showed that one could reasonably predict Kd values for metribuzin, metolachlor, and possibly, EPTC based on the f(oc) zones derived from ECs maps. C1 [Shaner, Dale L.; Farahani, Hamid J.; Buchleiter, Gerald W.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dale.shaner@ars.usda.gov OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1614/WS-07-125.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800019 ER PT J AU Boydston, RA Mojtahedi, H Crosslin, JM Brown, CR Anderson, T AF Boydston, Rick A. Mojtahedi, Hassan Crosslin, Jim M. Brown, Charles R. Anderson, Treva TI Effect of hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) presence on potato nematodes, diseases, and insect pests SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Weed-Science-Society-of-America CY FEB 07, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP Weed Sci Soc Amer DE alternative hosts; host-parasite interactions; integrated pest management; nematode; virus; weed host; weed-pest interactions ID TOBACCO-RATTLE VIRUS; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; MELOIDOGYNE-CHITWOODI; LEAFROLL VIRUS; BREEDING LINES; WEED HOSTS; MANAGEMENT; RESISTANCE; TUBEROSUM AB Hairy nightshade is a common weed in potato rotations in the western United States. As a close relative of potato, hairy nightshade can host numerous potato nematodes, diseases, and insect pests. Hairy nightshade hosts three common parasitic nematodes of potato, Columbia and northern root-knot nematodes, and stubby root nematode. Tubers of a potato breeding line with roots that are resistant to Columbia root-knot nematode-race 1, were damaged when grown in the presence of hairy nightshade. The weed provided an alternate host for the nematode, which then allowed the nematode to infect susceptible tubers. Stubby root nematodes transmit tobacco rattle virus (TRV), the causal agent for corky ringspot disease (CRS) of potato. CRS disease was maintained in soil when hairy nightshade was present in rotation crops of alfalfa or Scotch spearmint that otherwise eliminated the disease. Hairy nightshade also is a host of potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), which is transmitted by green peach aphids (GPA). GPA preferentially land and readily reproduce on hairy nightshade. Aphid transmission of PLRV from hairy nightshade to potato was four times greater than the virus transmission rate from potato to potato. Integrated management of these potato nematodes, diseases, and insect pests also should include strategies to control hairy nightshade in potato and rotation crops. C1 [Boydston, Rick A.; Mojtahedi, Hassan; Crosslin, Jim M.; Brown, Charles R.; Anderson, Treva] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Boydston, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM boydston@pars.ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 151 EP 154 DI 10.1614/WS-07-035.1 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800023 ER PT J AU Sanyal, D Bhowmik, PC Anderson, RL Shrestha, A AF Sanyal, Debanjan Bhowmik, Prasanta C. Anderson, Randy L. Shrestha, Anil TI Revisiting the perspective and progress of integrated weed management SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Weed-Science-Society-of-America CY FEB 07, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP Weed Sci Soc Amer DE integrated weed management; grower adoption ID SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; CORN ZEA-MAYS; LAMBSQUARTERS CHENOPODIUM-ALBUM; TOMATO LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEMS; CRITICAL PERIOD; ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; CROP COMPETITION; PEST-MANAGEMENT AB The concept of integrated pest management (IPM) was first introduced in the 1960s. Since then many definitions of IPM have appeared in the literature. According to the 1988 U.S. National IPM Coordinating Committee, the primary goals of IPM programs are to reduce pesticide use and the subsequent environmental impact and to rely more on alternative strategies to control pests., Integrated weed management (IWM) comes under the umbrella of IPM with similar objectives of using multiple management tactics and incorporating the knowledge of weed biology and crop physiology into the weed management system, The goals of IWM range from maximizing profit margins to safeguarding natural resources and minimizing the negative impact of weed control practices on the environment. The acceptance of IWM by farmers will depend on their perceived risk to management, individual management capability, and environmental interactions that will influence the economic viability of the cropping system. We have been in this process of developing, integrating, and adopting potential IWM practices for the last 25 to 30 yr. However, strategic directions for research in the future must continue to discover opportunities for enhanced profitability and sustainability. C1 [Sanyal, Debanjan] Monsanto Co, Monmouth Agron Ctr, Monmouth, IL 61462 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. Univ Calif, Kearney Agr Ctr, Statewide IPM Program, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Sanyal, D (reprint author), Monsanto Co, Monmouth Agron Ctr, Monmouth, IL 61462 USA. EM debanjan.sanyal@monsanto.com NR 115 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 15 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1614/WS-07-108.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 252TF UT WOS:000252468800025 ER PT J AU Tipping, PW AF Tipping, Philip W. TI Mowing-induced changes in soil seed banks and populations of plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoides) and musk thistle (Carduus nutans) SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE population dynamics; seed rain; seed bank dynamics ID INVASIVE THISTLE; DYNAMICS; CULTIVATION; ESTABLISHMENT; COMPETITION; LIMITATION; DECLINE; SYSTEMS; GROWTH; PLANTS AB Populations of plumeless thistle and musk thistle were mowed at various growth stages at two separate sites in Maryland during a 6-yr period to elucidate relationships among seed rain, soil seed banks, and population recruitment. The majority of seeds (96%) in the soil profile were distributed within 7.6 cm of the surface at both sites. Mowing plumeless thistle when most of the flower heads were at the full bud or postbloom stage did not reduce seed bank or plant densities, unlike mowing at full bloom, which significantly and quickly reduced both. Musk thistle responded differently, with plant density declining only with the postbloom mowing treatment, which occurred after the parent plant had dispersed seeds and died. Seed bank densities were unchanged by this treatment. This indicates that other factors may limit the recruitment and maintenance of musk thistle, such as allelochemical production by parents and interspecific plant competition. Density of musk thistle declined over an 11-yr period at one monitoring site, whereas plumeless thistle remained unchanged. The disproportionate seed-destroying activities of the weed biological control agent Rhinocyllus conicus on musk thistle may explain this difference. C1 USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM PhiIip.tipping@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1614/WT-07-087.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277TN UT WOS:000254237700009 ER PT J AU Young, FL Yenish, JP Launchbaugh, GK McGrew, LL Alldredge, JR AF Young, Frank L. Yenish, Joseph P. Launchbaugh, Glenn K. McGrew, Larry L. Alldredge, J. Richard TI Postharvest control of Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) with a reduced herbicide applicator in the Pacific Northwest SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemical fallow ID WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; CROPPING SYSTEMS; SPRAYER; FALLOW; ROTATION; TILLAGE; GROWTH AB Russian thistle is a severe problem in fields after crop harvest in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) and is controlled either by tillage or broadcast applications of various herbicides. A study was conducted in Washington in 2000 and 2001 at four sites to compare the efficacy of two herbicide treatments applied with a light-activated, sensor-controlled (LASC) sprayer and a conventional broadcast sprayer for postharvest Russian thistle control. Additionally, simple economic comparisons, excluding fixed costs, were made among herbicide treatments and application methods. Both herbicide applicators controlled Russian thistle similarly within each herbicide treatment. Weed control was unacceptable (<= 75%) when glyphosate plus 2,4-D was applied with either applicator. In contrast, Russian thistle control was > 90% with paraquat plus diuron regardless of applicator. The overall reduction in chemical use was 42% with the LASC compared with the broadcast applicator when averaged over the four sites. Herbicide and surfactant cost savings, using 2007 prices for the LASC compared with the broadcast applicator, ranged from $6.68/ha to $18.21/ha with the paraquat plus diuron treatment and averaged $13.27/ha less for the four sites. The use of the LASC for postharvest Russian thistle control can reduce growers' input costs, increase growers' profits, and improve environmental quality by reducing the amount and area of a restricted-use chemical. C1 [Young, Frank L.; Yenish, Joseph P.; Launchbaugh, Glenn K.; McGrew, Larry L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA, Agr Res Serv,, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Alldredge, J. Richard] Washington State Univ, Dept Stat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Young, FL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA, Agr Res Serv,, POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM youngfl@wsu.edu NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.1614/WT-07-096.1 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277TN UT WOS:000254237700028 ER PT J AU Clewis, SB Miller, DK Koger, CH Baughman, TA Price, AJ Porterfield, D Wilcut, JW AF Clewis, Scott B. Miller, D. K. Koger, C. H. Baughman, T. A. Price, A. J. Porterfield, D. Wilcut, J. W. TI Weed management and crop response with glyphosate, s-metolachlor, trifloxysulfuron, prometryn, and MSMA in glyphosate-resistant cotton SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE trimethylsulfonium salt; weed management ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM RESPONSE; HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; ANNUAL GRASS CONTROL; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; NONTRANSGENIC COTTON; CONVENTIONAL-TILLAGE; CGA-362622; HERBICIDES; POSTEMERGENCE; GLUFOSINATE AB Field studies were conducted in five states at six locations from 2002 through 2003 to evaluate weed control and cotton response to early POST (EPOST), POST/POST-directed spray (PDS), and late POST-directed (LAYBY) systems using glyphosate-trimethylsulfonium salt (TM), s-metolachlor, trifloxysulfuron, prometryn, and MSMA. Early POST applications were made from mid May through mid June; POST/PDS applications were made from early June through mid July; and LAYBY applications were made from early July through mid August. Early season cotton injury and discoloration was minimal (< 1%) with all treatments; mid- and late-season injury was minimal (< 2%) except for trifloxysulfuron POST (11 and 9%, respectively). Annual grasses evaluated included barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, goosegrass, and large crabgrass. Broadleaf weeds evaluated included entireleaf morningglory, pitted morningglory, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed. For the EPOST, POST/PDS, and LAYBY applications, weeds were at coryledon to 10 leaf, 1 to 25 leaf, and 2 to 25 leaf stage, respectively. Annual broadleaf and grass control was increased with the addition of s-metolachlor to glyphosate-TM EPOST systems (85 to 98% control) compared with glyphosate-TM EPOST alone (65 to 91% control), except for sicklepod control where equivalent control was observed. Annual grass control was greater with glyphosate-TM plus trifloxysulfuron PDS than with trifloxysulfuron POST or PDS, or trifloxysulfuron plus MSMA PDS (90 to 94% vs. 75 to 83% control). With few exceptions, broadleaf weed control was equivalent for trifloxysulfuron applied POST alone or PDS alone or in combination with glyphosate-TM PDS or MSMA PDS herbicide treatments (81 to 99% control). The addition of a LAYBY herbicide treatment increased broadleaf weed control by 11 to 36 percentage points compared with systems without a LAYBY. Cotton lint yield increased 420 kg/ha with the addition of s-metolachlor to glyphosate-TM EPOST treatments compared with systems without s-metolachlor EPOST. Cotton lint yield was increased 330 to 910 kg/ha with the addition of a POST herbicide treatment compared with systems without a POST/ PDS treatment. The addition of a LAYBY herbicide treatment increased cotton lint yield by 440 kg/ha compared with systems without a LAYBY. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Louisiana State Univ AgCtr, St Joseph, LA 71366 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Product Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Texas A&M Univ Res & Extens Ctr, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. Nufarm Americas Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Clewis, SB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM scott_clewis@ncsu.edu NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 160 EP 167 DI 10.1614/WT-07-082.1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277TN UT WOS:000254237700029 ER PT J AU Anderson, RL AF Anderson, Randy L. TI Residue management tactics for corn following spring wheat SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cover crop; fertilizer placement; interference; no-till; strip-till; weed community ID AESTIVUM STRAW MULCH; NO-TILLAGE SYSTEMS; WEED MANAGEMENT; STARTER FERTILIZER; CROP-ROTATION; COVER CROPS; ZEA-MAYS; PERFORMANCE; PLACEMENT; DYNAMICS AB Producers are interested in tactics for managing crop residues when growing corn after spring wheat. We compared five systems of managing spring wheat residues: conventional tillage, no-till, strip-till, cover crop (hairy vetch) with no-till, and cover crop with strip-till following spring wheat. Conventional tillage consisted of chisel plowing and disking, whereas strip-till consisted of tilling a 15-cm band centered on corn rows, which were spaced 76 cm apart. Plots were split into weed-free and weed-infested subplots. Grain yield in weed-free conditions did not differ among treatments. However, weed-free yield was nearly 40% greater than weed-infested corn in conventional tillage. In contrast, weeds reduced yield only 15% with strip-till. Weed density and biomass was twofold greater with conventional tillage compared with the no-till and strip-till treatments. Weed seedlings also emerged earlier with conventional tillage. Increased weed tolerance with strip-till may be related to fertilizer placement. Corn growth and tolerance to weeds in no-till systems may be improved if a starter fertilizer is placed in the seed furrow. C1 USDA ARS, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Anderson, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM randy.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 177 EP 181 DI 10.1614/WT-07-112.1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 277TN UT WOS:000254237700031 ER PT J AU Azuma, DL Overhulser, DL AF Azuma, David L. Overhulser, David L. TI Effects of a western spruce budworm outbreak on private lands in eastern Oregon, 1980-1994 SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest inventory; defoliation; growth effects; stand structure; eastern Oregon ID STAND DENSITY MEASURES; DOUGLAS-FIR; GROWTH-RESPONSE; GRAND FIR; FREQUENCY; MONTANA; FOREST AB Forest Inventory and Analysis data from three inventory periods were used to examine the effects of a western spruce budworm outbreak on private lands in eastern Oregon. Growth was negatively related to defoliation with differences between crown ratio and species. The mortality and salvage harvesting caused changes in stand structure on private lands. Although many stands showed a decrease in basal area, there was no detectable decrease in host species as a percentage of basal area. The combined effect of mortality, harvest, and loss in predicted growth may be as much as 30% of the initial standing volume. C1 [Azuma, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Overhulser, David L.] Univ Oregon, Dept Forestry, Salem, OR 97310 USA. RP Azuma, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, POB 3890, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM dazuma@fs.fed.us; doverhulser@odf.state.or.us NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 19 EP 25 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 252BT UT WOS:000252420500004 ER PT J AU Gould, PI Marshall, DD Harrington, CA AF Gould, Peter I. Marshall, David D. Harrington, Constance A. TI Prediction of growth and mortality of oregon white oak in the Pacific Northwest SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Quercus garryona; garry oak; ORGANON; modeling; Washington; Oregon ID PUGET TROUGH; WASHINGTON; FOREST AB We developed new equations to predict Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.) development within ORGANON, a stand-development model that is widely used in the Pacific Northwest. Tree size, competitive status, crown ratio, and site productivity were statistically significant predictors of growth and mortality. Three scenarios were projected with the new equations, the previous ORGANON model, and the Forest Vegetation Simulator. Compared with the two other models, the new equations predicted greater diameter growth in oak woodland and a greater effect of conifer removal in a conifer-oak stand. The new equations, which are based on considerably more information than previous equations, should give forest managers greater confidence in the ability of ORGANON to estimate the impacts of silvicultural treatments on oaks. C1 [Gould, Peter I.; Marshall, David D.; Harrington, Constance A.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Gould, PI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM pgould@fs.fed.us RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 15 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 26 EP 33 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 252BT UT WOS:000252420500005 ER PT J AU Fettig, CJ Dabney, CP McKelvey, SR Huber, DPW AF Fettig, Christopher J. Dabney, Christopher P. McKelvey, Stephen R. Huber, Dezene P. W. TI Nonhost angiosperm volatiles and verbenone protect individual ponderosa pines from attack by western pine beetle and red turpentine beetle (Coleoptera : Curculioniclae, Scolytinae) SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Pinus ponderosa; Dendroctonus brevicomis; Dendroctonus volens; pest management; tree protection ID DENDROCTONUS-BREVICOMIS COLEOPTERA; LODGEPOLE PINE; VALENS COLEOPTERA; BARK BEETLE; PHEROMONE COMPONENTS; TEMNOCHILA-CHLORODIA; HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; LECONTE COLEOPTERA; HOST COLONIZATION; REDUCES ATTACK AB Nonhost angiosperm volatiles (NAV) and verbenone were tested for their ability to protect individual ponderosa pines, Pinus ponderoso Dougl. ex. Laws., from attack by western pine beetle (M), Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, and red turpentine beetle (M), Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculioniclae, Scolytinae). A combination of (-)-verbenone and eight NAVs [benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, guaiacol, nonanal, salicylaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, and (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol] (NAVV) significantly reduced the density of WPB attacks and WPB successful attacks on attractant-baited trees. A significantly higher percentage of pitchouts (unsuccessful WPB attacks) occurred on NAVV-treated trees during two of three sample dates. In addition, significantly fewer RTB attacks were observed on NAVV-treated trees during all sampling dates. The application of NAVV to individual ponderosa pines significantly reduced tree mortality, with only 4 of 30 attractant-baited trees dying from hark beetle attack while 50% mortality (15/30) was observed in the untreated, baited control. To our knowledge, this is the first report establishing the effectiveness of NAVs and verbenone for protecting individual ponderosa pines from WPB attack. C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.; Dabney, Christopher P.; McKelvey, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Huber, Dezene P. W.] Univ No British Columbia, Coll Sci & Management, Ecosyst Sci & Management Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us; edabney@fs.fed.us; srmckelvey@fs.fed.us; huber@unbc.ca NR 65 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 40 EP 45 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 252BT UT WOS:000252420500007 ER PT J AU Avery, ML Keacher, KL Tillman, EA AF Avery, Michael L. Keacher, Kandy L. Tillman, Eric A. TI Nicarbazin bait reduces reproduction by pigeons (Columba livia) SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID 4,4'-DINITROCARBANILIDE DNC; CANADA GEESE; MALLARDS; PLASMA; WATERFOWL AB Development of effective methods for reducing populations of overabundant nuisance bird species continues to challenge wildlife biologists. Reproductive inhibition, although conceptually pleasing, has been difficult to implement because of the lack of a safe, approved avian contraceptive. Recently, however, nicarbazin received regulatory approval in the United States for use as a bait to decrease hatchability of resident Canada goose (Branta canadensis) and feral pigeon (Columba livia) eggs. In anticipation of the feral pigeon registration, we evaluated efficacy by exposing captive pairs of nesting pigeons to nicarbazin bait for 4 h daily. Egg production was unaffected, but only 9 of 22 eggs hatched, a 59% reduction from pre-treatment when each of the 11 test pairs produced 2 nestlings. In the recovery phase, when treated bait was removed, the 11 pairs produced 18 nestlings. All nestlings produced during the study appeared healthy and normal, and there was no mortality among the adult pairs. Nicarbazin is an effective and safe means of reducing hatchability of feral pigeon eggs that can be used within an integrated management plan to reduce feral pigeon populations. C1 [Avery, Michael L.; Keacher, Kandy L.; Tillman, Eric A.] USDA, APHIS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Avery, ML (reprint author), USDA, APHIS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Res Stn,2820 E Univ Ave, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. EM michael.l.avery@aphis.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 80 EP 85 DI 10.1071/WR07017 PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 274JC UT WOS:000253996600010 ER PT J AU White, PCL Ford, AES Clout, MN Engeman, RM Roy, S Saunders, G AF White, Piran C. L. Ford, Adriana E. S. Clout, Mick N. Engeman, Richard M. Roy, Sugoto Saunders, Glen TI Alien invasive vertebrates in ecosystems: pattern, process and the social dimension SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE alien species; biological invasion; climate change; ecosystem effects; invasive species ID TUATARA SPHENODON-PUNCTATUS; MUNTJAC MUNTIACUS-REEVESI; DEER CAPREOLUS-CAPREOLUS; NEW-ZEALAND; OCEANIC ISLAND; LAKE VICTORIA; PINE FOREST; WILD DEER; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION AB The rate of biological invasions has increased dramatically over recent centuries. Alien invasive vertebrates have significant adverse effects on biodiversity, and island fauna are especially susceptible. Human-induced environmental change is likely to exacerbate these negative impacts of alien invasive species. However, invasion biology has advanced considerably over the last two decades, with improvement in understanding of the processes of establishment and spread. New developments in spatial modelling have elucidated the way in which behavioural processes at the individual level can drive population-level patterns such as spread. Combined with new genetic insights into the process of invasion, these advances may assist in the development of novel, better-targeted management strategies that provide new options in how to deal with the threat posed by invasive species. Decisions about whether to and how we should intervene are questions for all sectors of society, but research on the social and cultural impacts of invasive species is largely lacking. There are many opportunities for enhancing the social dimensions of invasive species research, and integrated assessments of the social, economic and environmental impacts of species provide one potential avenue. As part of this, there is also a need to increase stakeholder participation in the decision-making process regarding alien invasive species. These more holistic approaches are essential if we are to reduce the impact of alien invasive species to within acceptable limits in the face of rapid environmental change. C1 [White, Piran C. L.; Ford, Adriana E. S.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Clout, Mick N.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Biodivers & Biosecur, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Engeman, Richard M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Roy, Sugoto] Cent Sci Lab, York YO41 1LZ, N Yorkshire, England. [Saunders, Glen] NSW Dept Primary Ind, Vertebrate Pest Res Unit, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia. RP White, PCL (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM PCLW1@york.ac.uk RI saunders, glen/B-8356-2011; White, Piran/F-5091-2010; OI Clout, Mick/0000-0003-2864-4628 NR 107 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 49 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 3 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1071/WR08058 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 303MV UT WOS:000256045500001 ER PT J AU Killian, G Thain, D Diehl, NK Rhyan, J Miller, L AF Killian, Gary Thain, David Diehl, Nancy K. Rhyan, Jack Miller, Lowell TI Four-year contraception rates of mares treated with single-injection porcine zona pellucida and GnRH vaccines and intrauterine devices SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Fertility Control in Wildlife CY SEP 03-05, 2007 CL York, ENGLAND ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; REMOTELY-DELIVERED IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION; FERAL HORSES; ESTROUS BEHAVIOR; OVARIAN-FUNCTION; IMMUNIZATION; WILD; REPRODUCTION; INOCULATION; SECRETION AB We evaluated the multiyear contraceptive efficacy of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine GonaCon, the porcine zona pellucida (PZP) vaccine SpayVac and the human intrauterine device (IUD) 380 Copper 'T' in mustang mares provided by the State of Nevada. Eight untreated control mares were compared with 12 mares treated with SpayVac, 16 mares treated with GonaCon and 15 mares treated with the copper-containing IUD. Rates of contraception for Years 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively for SpayVac were 100% (12 of 12), 83% (10 of 12), 83% (10 of 12) and 83% (10 of 12), rates for GonaCon were 94% (15 of 16), 60% (9 of 15), 60% (9 of 15) and 40% (6 of 15) and rates for IUD-treated mares were 80% (12 of 15), 29% (4 of 14), 14% (2 of 14) and 0% (0 of 14). Antibody titres against PZP and GnRH declined over the four-year study. For mares given SpayVac, uterine oedema was commonly observed. IUDs were visible by ultrasonography in nonpregnant mustang mares, suggesting that pregnant mares did not retain their IUD. IUD retention may be a function of uterine size: pony mares with IUDs had high retention and contraception rates for 4 - 5 years. We conclude that long-term contraception of mustang mares with a single shot of either the SpayVac or GonaCon vaccine is possible. C1 [Killian, Gary; Diehl, Nancy K.] Penn State Univ, JO Almquist Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. [Thain, David] Univ Nevada, Dept Anim Biotechnol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Rhyan, Jack; Miller, Lowell] APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, WS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Killian, G (reprint author), Penn State Univ, JO Almquist Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. EM garykillian@gmail.com NR 58 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 26 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 6 BP 531 EP 539 DI 10.1071/WR07134 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 362UP UT WOS:000260222900009 ER PT J AU Massei, G Cowan, DP Coats, J Gladwell, F Lane, JE Miller, LA AF Massei, G. Cowan, D. P. Coats, J. Gladwell, F. Lane, J. E. Miller, L. A. TI Effect of the GnRH vaccine GonaCon on the fertility, physiology and behaviour of wild boar SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Fertility Control in Wildlife CY SEP 03-05, 2007 CL York, ENGLAND ID MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL AREA; WHITE-TAILED DEER; FERAL SWINE; SUS-SCROFA; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; BRUSHTAIL POSSUMS; SOCIAL RANK; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION; REPRODUCTION; TRANSMISSION AB Fertility control has the potential to be used as an attractive alternative to lethal methods for limiting population growth in overabundant species. This study tested the effectiveness and potential side effects of the single-dose gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine GonaCon on the physiology and behaviour of two groups of captive female wild boar in two sequential trials (Trial 1 and Trial 2). Following vaccination with GonaCon, data on contraceptive effectiveness were recorded as well as data on time budget, social rank, bodyweight, haematology and biochemistry. The concentration of GnRH-antibody titres peaked 2 - 6 weeks after vaccination and remained relatively high 12 weeks after vaccination. In Trial 1, all control females and none of the treated females gave birth. In Trial 2, faecal progesterone of treated females decreased to basal levels within a month of vaccination. No differences in time budget, social rank and blood parameters were observed between treated and control females. Bodyweight increased more in treated females than in controls. These results indicated that GonaCon can suppress reproduction of wild boar with no significant short-term effects on behaviour and physiology. GonaCon can be regarded as an effective, humane and safe contraceptive for managing wild boar populations. C1 [Massei, G.; Cowan, D. P.; Coats, J.; Gladwell, F.; Lane, J. E.] Cent Sci Lab, York YO26 5LE, N Yorkshire, England. [Miller, L. A.] APHIS, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Massei, G (reprint author), Cent Sci Lab, Sand Hutton, York YO26 5LE, N Yorkshire, England. EM g.massei@csl.gov.uk RI Bellamy, Fiona/A-4886-2016; Massei, Giovanna/B-8781-2016 NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 6 BP 540 EP 547 DI 10.1071/WR07132 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 362UP UT WOS:000260222900010 ER PT J AU Fagerstone, KA Miller, LA Eisemann, JD O'Hare, JR Gionfriddo, JP AF Fagerstone, Kathleen A. Miller, Lowell A. Eisemann, John D. O'Hare, Jeanette R. Gionfriddo, James P. TI Registration of wildlife contraceptives in the United States of America, with OvoControl and GonaCon immunocontraceptive vaccines as examples SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Fertility Control in Wildlife CY SEP 03-05, 2007 CL York, ENGLAND ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; GNRH VACCINE; ANTICOCCIDIAL AGENTS; CANADA GEESE; NICARBAZIN; MANAGEMENT; REPRODUCTION; RESPONSES; MALLARDS AB Overabundant wildlife populations have the potential to adversely affect wildlife habitats or pose risks to human health and safety through disease transmission and collisions with vehicles and aircraft. Traditional methods for reducing overabundant wildlife, such as hunting and trapping, are often restricted or infeasible in urban and suburban areas. Additional management options are needed. For the past 15 years, scientists with the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Wildlife Services' National Wildlife ResearchCenter have been developing and testing contraceptive agents. This research has resulted in the development of several reproductive inhibitors and has forced regulatory bodies to determine where the regulatory authority for wildlife contraceptives will reside. The regulatory authority for contraceptives for wildlife and feral animals has recently been moved from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The first contraceptive registered by the EPA since this move was OvoControl-G for reducing the hatchability of Canadagoose eggs. OvoControl was registered in 2005 by Innolytics, LLC working in cooperation with the National Wildlife Research Center. A similar product, OvoControl-P, was registered in 2007 as a contraceptive technique for pigeons. Another product developed by the National Wildlife Research Center, GonaCon immunocontraceptive vaccine, is in the registration process for managing white-tailed deer populations. This manuscript will describe the products that have been and are currently undergoing registration as contraceptives in the United States of America, and the data required for those products. C1 [Fagerstone, Kathleen A.; Miller, Lowell A.; Eisemann, John D.; O'Hare, Jeanette R.; Gionfriddo, James P.] APHIS, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Fagerstone, KA (reprint author), APHIS, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kathleen.a.fagerstone@aphis.usda.gov NR 44 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 6 BP 586 EP 592 DI 10.1071/WR07166 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 362UP UT WOS:000260222900016 ER PT S AU Bier, DM AF Bier, Dennis M. BE Barker, DJP Bergmann, RL Ogra, PL TI Growth in the first two years of life SO WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY: PRE-PREGNANCY TO 24 MONTHS OF AGE SE NESTLE NUTRITION WORKSHOP SERIES PEDIATRIC PROGRAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 61st Nestle Nutrition Pediatric Workshop CY APR, 2007 CL Bali, INDONESIA SP Nestle Nutr Inst ID DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; ADULT BODY HEIGHT; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; RETT-SYNDROME; TWIN PAIRS; RESISTANCE; CHILDREN; INFANCY AB Compared to other periods of life, infancy is a period of rapid growth, but the relative relationships among rates of linear growth, weight accretion and brain growth vary greatly during the first years of life. Additionally, while the energy requirements for body tissue deposition as a fraction of daily energy needs decrease dramatically during infancy, brain energy demands, measured as the cerebral rate of glucose utilization, increase markedly during the same period. There is now substantial evidence that postnatal growth in infancy is associated with various consequences detrimental to health in adult life, particularly hypertension, cardiovascular disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes, but the relationships vary depending on whether one takes growth to mean statural growth or ponderal growth, as well as on the specific period of infant growth. Recently, several mechanisms have surfaced that might account for the relationships observed. These include epigenetic effects on gene expression, alterations in neuronal signaling because of inappropriate dendritic pruning, and gut microbiota effects on fat storage. Copyright (C) 2008 Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 [Bier, Dennis M.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Bier, DM (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0742-2806 BN 978-3-8055-8387-9 J9 NESTLE NUTR WORKS SE PY 2008 VL 61 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1159/000113364 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA BHL00 UT WOS:000253942500010 PM 18196950 ER PT J AU Piao, C Shupe, TF Tang, RC Hse, CY AF Piao, Cheng Shupe, Todd F. Tang, R. C. Hse, Chung Y. TI Finite element modeling of small-scale tapered wood-laminated composite poles with biomimicry features SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomimicking; composite poles; finite element analysis; shear stress; taper ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES AB Tapered composite poles with biomimicry features as in bamboo are a new generation of wood laminated composite poles that may some day be considered as an alternative to solid wood poles that are widely used in the transmission and telecommunication fields. Five finite element models were developed with ANSYS to predict and assess the performance of five types of composites members: a tapered hollow pole with webs (Pole-A), a tapered hollow pole without webs (Pole-B), a tapered solid composite pole (Pole-C), a Uniform-diameter hollow pole with webs (Pole-D), and a uniform-diameter hollow pole without webs (Pole-E). The predicted deflection by these models agreed well with those of the experiment, and the predicted normal stress agreed with those calculated. The normal and shear stress distributions inside the members were investigated, and stress distributions in the XY and YZ planes are exhibited. As expected, the webs reduced the local shear stress and improved shear capacity, especially in the top and groundline regions where shear levels were the highest. The webs had little effect on the normal stress. Shear stress increased from the bottom to the top for the members with taper. Large Shear stress concentration was predicted in a small region close to the groundlines. The models also predicted that the shear stress of the tapered hollow poles would decrease from the inside to the outside surfaces in XY plane. C1 [Piao, Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, AgCtr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, AgCtr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Tang, R. C.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Hse, Chung Y.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Piao, C (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Calhoun Res Stn, AgCtr, Calhoun, LA 71225 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 3 EP 13 PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 255KL UT WOS:000252656800002 ER PT J AU Thomas, RE AF Thomas, R. Edward TI Predicting internal yellow-poplar log defect features using surface indicators SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE yellow-poplar; hardwood log; defect modeling; internal defect prediction; external indicator AB Determining the defects that are located within the log is crucial to understanding the tree/log resource for efficient processing. However, existing means of doing this non-destructively requires the use of expensive X-ray/CT, MRI, or microwave technology. These methods do not lend themselves to fast, efficient, and cost-effective analysis of logs and tree stems in the mill. This study quantified the relationship between external defect indicators and internal defect characteristics for yellow-poplar logs. A series of models were developed to predict internal features using visible external features, log diameter, indicator width, length, and rise. Good correlations and small prediction errors were observed with sound (sawn), overgrown, and unsound knot defects. For less severe defects such as adventitious buds/clusters and distortion type defects weaker correlations were observed, but the magnitude of prediction errors was small and acceptable. C1 USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Thomas, RE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM ethomas@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 14 EP 22 PG 9 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 255KL UT WOS:000252656800003 ER PT J AU Buehlmann, U Wiedenbeck, JK Noble, R Kline, DE AF Buehlmann, Urs Wiedenbeck, Janice K. Noble, R., Jr. Kline, D. Earl TI Creating a standardized and simplified cutting bill using group technology SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rough mill; lumber yield; cutting bill standards; cluster theory ID CHARACTER-MARKED FURNITURE; LUMBER YIELD INCREASE; ROUGH MILL; ANALYSIS TOOL; ROMI-RIP; OPERATIONS AB From an analytical viewpoint, the relationship between rough mill cutting bill part requirements and lumber yield is highly complex. Part requirements can have almost any length, width, and quantity distribution within the boundaries set by physical limitations, such as maximum length and width of parts. This complexity makes it difficult to understand the specific relationship between cutting bill requirements and lumber yield, rendering the optimization of the lumber cutting process through improved Cutting bill composition difficult. An approach is presented to decrease the complexity of cutting bills to allow for easier analysis and, ultimately, to optimize cutting bill compositions. Principles from clustering theory were employed to create a standardized way to describe cutting bills. Cutting bill part clusters are part groups within the cutting bill's total part size space, where all parts are reset to a given group's midpoint. Statistical testing was used to determine a minimum resolution part group matrix that had no significant influence on yield compared to an actual cutting bill. Iterative search led to a cutting bill part group matrix that encompasses five groups in length and four groups in width, forming a 20-part group matrix. The lengths of the individual part groups created vary widely, with the smallest group being only 5 inches in length, while the longest two groups were 25 inches long. Part group widths were less varied, ranging from 0.75 inches to 1.0 inch. The part group matrix approach allows parts to be clustered within given size ranges to one part group midpoint value without changing cut-up yield beyond set limits. This standardized cutting bill matrix will make the understanding of the complex cutting bill requirements-yield relationship easier in future Studies. C1 [Buehlmann, Urs; Kline, D. Earl] Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wiedenbeck, Janice K.] USDA Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Noble, R., Jr.] Miami Univ, Dept Math Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Buehlmann, U (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 29 EP 41 PG 13 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 255KL UT WOS:000252656800005 ER PT J AU Winandy, JE Wang, QW White, RH AF Winandy, Jerrold E. Wang, Qingwen White, Robert H. TI Fire-retardant-treated strandboard: Properties and fire performance SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE strandboard; composites; fire retardant; treatment AB This study evaluated a series of single-layer, randomly oriented strandboard panels made with one resin type, a single resin loading level, and four fire-retardant-treatment levels. The fire retardant (FR) evaluated was a pH-buffered combination of boric acid and organic phosphate. Siberian larch strands were separated into five batches. One batch of strands served as the untreated control group and was not treated with water or FR; the four other batches were individually treated using a vacuum-pressure-soak process of the strands in water or three progressively higher concentrations of FR solutions. Targeted water- or FR-loading levels were no FR (0% FR-weight gain, water-treated control), 32 kg/m(3) FR (similar to 5% weight gain), 64 kg/m(3) FR (similar to 10% weight gain), and 96 kg/m(3) FR (similar to 15% weight gain). All water- or FR-treated strands were redried to less than 8% moisture content prior to diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) resin application in rotary blenders using an aerosol sprayer. Three replicate specimens for each treatment level of 12.5-mm-thick, randomly oriented strandboard at a density of 650 kg/m(3) were evaluated. FR-treated strandboard had higher dry- and wet-internal bond strength and lower flexural strength than matched untreated strandboard. A Class B flame-spread rating was achieved near 10% FR-loading. These results suggest that better ratings seem possible at higher loadings. C1 [Winandy, Jerrold E.; White, Robert H.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Wang, Qingwen] NE Forestry Univ, Harbin, Peoples R China. RP Winandy, JE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jwinandy@fs.fed.us; rhwhite@fs.fed.us.rec NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 62 EP 71 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 255KL UT WOS:000252656800008 ER PT J AU Clemons, C AF Clemons, C. BE OksmanNiska, K Sain, M TI Raw materials for wood-polymer composites SO WOOD-POLYMER COMPOSITES SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CELLULOSE C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Clemons, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM cclemons@fs.fed.us NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978 1 84569 272 8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2008 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1533/9781845694579.1 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BOH43 UT WOS:000276649800002 ER PT J AU Stark, NM Gardner, DJ AF Stark, N. M. Gardner, D. J. BE OksmanNiska, K Sain, M TI Outdoor durability of wood-polymer composites SO WOOD-POLYMER COMPOSITES SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DENSITY-POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; AMINE LIGHT STABILIZERS; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MOISTURE ABSORPTION; WOODFIBER/THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES; POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; PROCESSING METHOD; WATER-ABSORPTION C1 [Stark, N. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Gardner, D. J.] Univ Maine, Adv Engineered Wood Composites Ctr, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Stark, N. M.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Stark, NM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM nstark@fs.fed.us; doug_gardner@umenfa.maine.edu NR 56 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978 1 84569 272 8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2008 BP 142 EP 165 DI 10.1533/9781845694579.142 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BOH43 UT WOS:000276649800008 ER PT J AU Kolombet, LV Zhigletsova, SK Kosareva, NI Bystrova, EV Derbyshev, VV Krasnova, SP Schisler, D AF Kolombet, L. V. Zhigletsova, S. K. Kosareva, N. I. Bystrova, E. V. Derbyshev, V. V. Krasnova, S. P. Schisler, D. TI Development of an extended shelf-life, liquid formulation of the biofungicide Trichoderma asperellum SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biocontrol; biological control; biomass stabilization; biomass storage; mycelium conversion ID RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; DAMPING-OFF; BIOCONTROL; GLIOCLADIUM; HARZIANUM; SOIL; RESISTANCE; BIOCIDES; EFFICACY AB The formulation of microbial biomass represents a critical step in advancing the commercial development of prospective biological control products. Trichoderma asperellum has demonstrated biological control capability against Fusarium head blight. In the present studies, Trichoderma asperellum was grown in liquid media of differing composition. The effect of various amendments on the preservation of the viability and competitiveness, in vitro, of fungal mycelium and spores in a liquid paste was determined. The amendments with greatest effect were the addition of starch as a food base, reduction of metabolic activity by lowering the pH of the biomass paste and the addition of small amounts of copper. Oxygen availability was also shown to be important in maintaining biomass viability and competitiveness. Optimization of these factors produces a biomass paste formulation of T. asperellum that remains active, in vitro, for at least 6 months at room temperature. C1 [Kolombet, L. V.; Zhigletsova, S. K.; Kosareva, N. I.; Bystrova, E. V.; Derbyshev, V. V.; Krasnova, S. P.] SRCAMB, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. [Schisler, D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kolombet, LV (reprint author), SRCAMB, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia. EM kolombet_1@rambler.ru; David.Shehisler@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1007/s11274-007-9449-9 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 244TE UT WOS:000251887400018 ER PT J AU Cadenasso, ML Pickett, STA Groffman, PM Band, LE Brush, GS Galvin, ME Grove, JM Hagar, G Marshall, V McGrath, BP ONeil-Dunne, JPM Stack, WP Troy, AR AF Cadenasso, M. L. Pickett, S. T. A. Groffman, P. M. Band, L. E. Brush, G. S. Galvin, M. E. Grove, J. M. Hagar, G. Marshall, V. McGrath, B. P. ONeil-Dunne, J. P. M. Stack, W. P. Troy, A. R. TI Exchanges across land-water-scape boundaries in urban systems - Strategies for reducing nitrate pollution SO YEAR IN ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2008 SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE urban; cities; watershed; boundaries; nitrate; water; pollution; land cover; urban design; Baltimore; Maryland; riparian; nonpoint source; restoration ID RIPARIAN ZONES; NUTRIENT DISCHARGES; RIVER RESTORATION; NITROGEN-CYCLE; GREEN ROOFS; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAMS; VEGETATION; RETENTION; ECOLOGY AB Conservation in urban areas typically focuses on biodiversity and large green spaces.. However, opportunities exist throughout urban areas to enhance ecological functions. An important function of urban landscapes is retaining nitrogen thereby reducing nitrate pollution to streams and coastal waters. Control of nonpoint nitrate pollution in urban areas was originally based on the documented importance of riparian zones in agricultural and forested ecosystems. The watershed and boundary frameworks have been used to guide stream research and a riparian conservation strategy to reduce nitrate pollution in urban streams. But is stream restoration and riparian-zone conservation enough? Data from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study and other urban stream research indicate that urban riparian zones do not necessarily prevent nitrate from entering, nor remove nitrate from, streams. Based on this insight, policy makers in Baltimore extended the conservation strategy throughout larger watersheds, attempting to restore functions that no longer took place in riparian boundaries. Two urban revitalization projects are presented as examples aimed at reducing nitrate pollution to stormwater, streams, and the Chesapeake Bay. An adaptive cycle of ecological urban design synthesizes the insights from the watershed and boundary frameworks, from new data, and from the conservation concerns of agencies and local communities. This urban example of conservation based on ameliorating nitrate water pollution extends the initial watershed-boundary approach along three dimensions: 1) from riparian to urban land-water-scapes; 2) from discrete engineering solutions to ecological design approaches; and 3) from structural solutions to inclusion of individual, household, and institutional behavior. C1 [Cadenasso, M. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA. [Pickett, S. T. A.; Groffman, P. M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Band, L. E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Brush, G. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Galvin, M. E.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD USA. [Grove, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT USA. [Hagar, G.] Parks & People Fdn, Baltimore, MD USA. [Marshall, V.] Columbia Univ, Urban Design Program, New York, NY USA. [McGrath, B. P.] Parsons, New Sch Design, New York, NY USA. [ONeil-Dunne, J. P. M.; Troy, A. R.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA. [Stack, W. P.] Baltimore City Dept Publ Works, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Cadenasso, ML (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Mail Stop 1,PES 1210,1 Shields Ave, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA. EM mlcadenasso@ucdavis.edu RI Brush, Grace S./A-3288-2010 OI Brush, Grace S./0000-0003-1280-5933 NR 121 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 59 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2008 VL 1134 BP 213 EP 232 DI 10.1196/annals.1439.012 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BHY78 UT WOS:000257506400009 PM 18566096 ER PT J AU Walsh, S Medley, T AF Walsh, Scott Medley, Terry BE Fisher, E Selin, C Wetmore, JM TI A Framework for Responsible Nanotechnology SO YEARBOOK OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY, VOL I: PRESENTING FUTURES SE Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Environmental Defense, an environmental advocacy organization, and DuPont, a science-based products and services company, have developed a comprehensive, practical, and flexible Framework for evaluating and addressing the potential risks of nanoscale materials. The Framework is available at www.nanorisk-framework.com. The intent of this Framework is to define a systematic and disciplined process for identifying, managing, and reducing any environmental, health, and safety risks of engineered nanomaterials across all stages of a product's lifecycle. Our Framework offers guidance on the key questions an organization should consider in developing applications of such materials, and on the key information needed to make sound risk-evaluation and risk-management decisions. The Framework allows users to move ahead despite areas of incomplete or uncertain information, by using reasonable assumptions and by compensating for knowledge gaps with appropriate risk-management practices. Further, the Framework describes a system to guide information generation and update assumptions, decisions, and practices with new information as it becomes available. And the Framework offers guidance on how to communicate information and decisions to key stakeholders. We believe that the adoption of this Framework can promote responsible development of nanotechnology products, facilitate public acceptance, and support the development of a practical model for reasonable government policy on nanotechnology safety. We have solicited and incorporated feedback on our overall approach from a wide range of international stakeholders, and we are now pilot-testing the Framework on several materials and applications, at various stages of development. We expect that the Framework itself will evolve as it is used by a variety of stakeholders in a variety of settings for a variety of applications. We welcome feedback that will help us to improve it. C1 [Walsh, Scott] Environm Def, New York, NY USA. [Medley, Terry] DuPont Co Inc, Wilmington, DE 19898 USA. [Medley, Terry] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Walsh, S (reprint author), Environm Def, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8416-4 J9 YEARB NANOTECHNOL SO PY 2008 VL 1 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8416-4_18 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-8416-4 PG 7 WC Business; Economics; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Social Issues SC Business & Economics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA BLM36 UT WOS:000270526100020 ER PT J AU Girsova, N Kromina, K Kastalyeva, T Mozhaeva, K Owens, R AF Girsova, Natalya Kromina, Ksenia Kastalyeva, Tatyana Mozhaeva, Karina Owens, Robert TI Molecular structure of Russian isolates of potato spindle tuber viroid SO ZEMDIRBYSTE-AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE potato; disease of potato; Potato spindle tuber viroid; primary structure ID SEQUENCE AB Nineteen Russian isolates were sequenced in 2008. Compared to the type strain (i.e., PSTVd-Intermediate, GenBank V01465), the most common distinguishing features of all Russian isolates sequenced to date include: i) the deletion of adenine 123 and ii) the substitution of uracil or cytosine for adenine at position 120. One of the new sequenced isolates had additional minor change in the right terminal domain, but a majority of isolates also contained one or more changes in the pathogenicity domain. Twenty isolates contained an A -> U substitution at position 3 10 plus a U insertion at position 313a. Other isolates contained numerous changes distributed all of three central domains. C1 [Girsova, Natalya; Kromina, Ksenia; Kastalyeva, Tatyana; Mozhaeva, Karina] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyasiomy, Russia. [Owens, Robert] USDA ARS, Henry A Wallace Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Girsova, N (reprint author), Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyasiomy, Russia. EM kastalyeva@vniif.rosmail.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU LITHUANIAN INST AGRICULTURE PI KEDAINIU R PA LITHUANIAN UNIV AGRICULTURE, AKADEMIJA, KEDAINIU R, LT-58344, LITHUANIA SN 1392-3196 J9 ZEMDIRBYSTE JI Zemdirbyste PY 2008 VL 95 IS 3 BP 266 EP 269 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 357DX UT WOS:000259827600037 ER PT J AU Penev, L Erwin, T Thompson, FC Sues, HD Engel, MS Agosti, D Pyle, R Ivie, M Assmann, T Henry, T Miller, J Ananjeva, NB Casale, A Lourenco, W Golovatch, S Fagerholm, HP Taiti, S Alonso-Zarazaga, M van Nieukerken, E AF Penev, Lyubomir Erwin, Terry Thompson, F. Christian Sues, Hans-Dieter Engel, Michael S. Agosti, Donat Pyle, Richard Ivie, Michael Assmann, Thorsten Henry, Thomas Miller, Jeremy Ananjeva, Natalia B. Casale, Achille Lourenco, Wilson Golovatch, Sergei Fagerholm, Hans-Peter Taiti, Stefano Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel van Nieukerken, Erik TI ZooKeys, unlocking Earth's incredible biodiversity and building a sustainable bridge into the public domain: From "print-based" to "web-based" taxonomy, systematics, and natural history ZooKeys Editorial Opening Paper SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Taxonomy; systematics; online publishing; ZooBank; open access ID OPEN-ACCESS ARTICLES; HYMENOPTERA; GENUS; REVISION; IMPACT AB Publishing taxonomic and systematics studies in the digital era faces major challenges and requires new approaches, man), of which are currently stimulating spirited discussions amongst taxonomists and systematists. New amendments to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature are expected to regulate electronic publishing of new taxa and create a standard form for their registration (ZooBank). Responding to a perceived need, this editorial announces establishment of ZooKeys - a new online and print journal in zoological taxonomy and systematics, which aims to quickly respond and adapt to the newest developments in taxonomic publishing. Open Access is accepted as mandatory for ZooKeys. The rationale for and concept of ZooKeys is discussed in detail. C1 [Penev, Lyubomir] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Gen Ecol, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Thompson, F. Christian; Henry, Thomas] USDA, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Div Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Agosti, Donat] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Agosti, Donat] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Bern, Switzerland. [Pyle, Richard] Bernice P Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI USA. [Ivie, Michael] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Henry, Thomas] Univ Luneburg, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany. [Miller, Jeremy] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Ananjeva, Natalia B.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Casale, Achille] Univ Sassari, Dipartimento Zool & Genet Evoluzionist, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Lourenco, Wilson] Museum Natl Hist Nat, F-75231 Paris, France. [Golovatch, Sergei] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Problems Ecol & Evolut, Moscow, Russia. [Fagerholm, Hans-Peter] Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. [Taiti, Stefano] CNR, Ist Studio Ecosistemi, Florence, Italy. [Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [van Nieukerken, Erik] Natl Nat Hist Museum Nat, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Penev, L (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, Cent Lab Gen Ecol, Sofia, Bulgaria. EM info@pensoft.net; erwint@si.edu RI Engel, Michael/C-5461-2012 OI Engel, Michael/0000-0003-3067-077X NR 18 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2008 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.3897/zookeys.1.11 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 441FM UT WOS:000265754700001 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH AF McKamey, Stuart H. TI A new genus, Smilirhexia, of Smiliini (Hemiptera, Membracidae) from Costa Rica SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Membracoidea; Homoptera; Auchenorrhyncha; new genus; new species ID TREEHOPPERS HEMIPTERA; HOMOPTERA; OAK AB Smilirhexia naranja, gen. n. and sp. n., is described from Central America, the southern limit of the tribe Smiliini, and represents a strong divergence from the morphology of the oak-feeding genera prevalent in North America. C1 USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012, Washington, DC USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBLISHERS PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2008 IS 3 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.3897/zookeys.3.29 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 443XQ UT WOS:000265944500005 ER PT J AU Kottapalli, KR Satoh, K Rakwal, R Shibato, J Doi, K Nagata, T Kikuchi, S AF Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao Satoh, Kouji Rakwal, Randeep Shibato, Junko Doi, Koji Nagata, Toshifumi Kikuchi, Shoshi TI Combining in silico mapping and arraying: an approach to identifying common candidate genes for submergence tolerance and resistance to bacterial leaf blight in ice SO MOLECULES AND CELLS LA English DT Article DE blb; co-located genes; defense/stress response; EREBP; indica rice; oligo array; submergence ID HOMEODOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; DISEASE RESISTANCE; XANTHOMONAS-ORYZAE; PDZ DOMAINS; DYE-BIAS; RICE; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES AB Several genes/QTLs governing resistance/tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses have been reported and mapped in rice. A QTL for submergence tolerance was found to be co-located with a major QTL for broad-spectrum bacterial leaf blight (bs-blb) resistance on the long arm of chromosome 5 in indica cultivars FR13A and IET8585. Using the Nipponbare (japonica) and 9311 (indica) genome sequences, we identified, in silico, candidate genes in the chromosomal region [Kottapalli et al. (2006)]. Transcriptional profiling of FR13A and IET8585 using a rice 22K oligo array validated the above findings. Based on in silico analysis and arraying we observed that both cultivars respond to the above stresses through a common signaling system involving protein kinases, adenosine mono phosphate kinase, leucine rich repeat, PDZ/DHR/GLGF, and response regulator receiver protein. The combined approaches suggest that transcription factor EREBP on long arm of chromosome 5 regulates both submergence tolerance and bib resistance. Pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase, co-located in the same region, are candidate downstream genes for submergence tolerance at the seedling stage, and t-snare for bs-blb resistance. We also detected up-regulation of novel defense/stress-related genes including those encoding fumaryl aceto acetate (FAA) hydrolase, scramblase, and galactose oxidase, in response to the imposed stresses. C1 [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Satoh, Kouji; Doi, Koji; Nagata, Toshifumi; Kikuchi, Shoshi] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Plant Genome Res Unit, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Rakwal, Randeep] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol AIST W, Human Stress Signal Res Ctr HSS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. RP Kottapalli, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM rkottapalli@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU KOREAN SOC MOLECULAR & CELLULAR BIOLOGY PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUCKSAM-DONG, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1016-8478 J9 MOL CELLS JI Mol. Cells PD DEC 31 PY 2007 VL 24 IS 3 BP 394 EP 408 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 249RS UT WOS:000252248000013 PM 18182856 ER PT J AU Candoussau, F Boqueras, M Gomez-Bolea, A Laessoe, T Lowen, R RogerS, JD Rossman, AY Samueis, GJ AF Candoussau, F. Boqueras, M. Gomez-Bolea, A. Laessoe, T. Lowen, R. RogerS, J. D. Rossman, A. Y. Samueis, G. J. TI Observations on Neobarya, including new species and new combinations SO SYDOWIA LA English DT Article DE Acremonium; Barya; Diploospora; Calearisporium; Hypocrella; Lecanicillium; Systematics ID HYPOCREALES; GENERA C1 [Boqueras, M.; Gomez-Bolea, A.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Biol Vegetal, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Laessoe, T.] Inst Biol, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark. [RogerS, J. D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rossman, A. Y.; Samueis, G. J.] USDA, ARS, Syst Micol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Candoussau, F (reprint author), 26 Rue Alphonse Daudet, F-64000 Pau, France. EM gary.samuels@ars.usda.gov OI Gomez-Bolea, Antonio/0000-0001-5836-6767 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU VERLAG FERDINAND BERGER SOHNE GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI HORN PA WIENER STRASSE 21-23, 3580 HORN, AUSTRIA SN 0082-0598 J9 SYDOWIA JI Sydowia PD DEC 30 PY 2007 VL 59 IS 2 BP 179 EP 215 PG 37 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 266ZJ UT WOS:000253476800001 ER PT J AU Commens-Carson, AM Mathis, A AF Commens-Carson, Amy M. Mathis, Alicla TI Responses of three Darter species (Genus Etheostoma) to chemical alarm cues from conspecifics and congeners SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID INJURED CONSPECIFICS; SKIN EXTRACTS; IOWA DARTERS; BROOK STICKLEBACK; RAINBOW DARTERS; JOHNNY DARTER; PERCIDAE; PISCES; STIMULI; EXILE AB Several species of darters of the genus Etheostoma possess a chemical alarm substance, but it is not known how widespread this substance is within the genus. We performed behavioral bioassays; on Fantail Darters (E. flabellare), Rainbow Darters (E. caeruleum), and Redfin Darters (E. whipplei). Redfin Darters reacted with a fright response upon exposure to skin extracts from conspecifics and Rainbow Darters. Rainbow Darters, which are known to respond to conspecific extracts, responded to skin extracts from Redfin Darters. Neither Rainbow Darters nor Redfin Darters showed a significant response to Fantail Darter extract, and Fantail Darters did not respond to skin extracts from either congeners or conspecifics. Percid alarm substance is hypothesized to originate from epidermal sacciform cells. Histological examination of epidermal tissue demonstrated that sacciform cells were present in all three species. Our results demonstrate that chemical alarm signals are not ubiquitous for the genus Etheostoma, and that the presence of sacciform cells does not always predict the presence of the alarm response. C1 [Commens-Carson, Amy M.] USDA, Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Mathis, Alicla] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. RP Commens-Carson, AM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, So Res Stn,1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM acommens@fs.fed.us; AliciaMathis@missouristate.edu NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 28 PY 2007 IS 4 BP 838 EP 843 DI 10.1643/0045-8511(2007)7[838:ROTDSG]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 247SK UT WOS:000252100300007 ER PT J AU Matthews, KR Miaud, C AF Matthews, Kathleen R. Miaud, Claude TI A skeletochronological study of the age structure, growth, and longevity of the Mountain Yellow-legged Frog, Rana muscosa, in the Sierra Nevada, California SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID WOOD FROGS; SIZE; AMPHIBIANS; POPULATIONS; SYLVATICA; QUEBEC; BASIN; ANURA; AREA AB We used skeletochronology to determine the ages of 149 (74 females, 44 males, and 31 juveniles) Mountain Yellow-legged Frogs (Rana muscosa) from 13 locations (elevation 1509-3501 m) throughout their current range in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California. Lines of arrested growth (LAGs) from excised toe bones were distinct in these high elevation frogs, and each LAG was assumed to represent one year of age. Females ranged in age from 0-10 years (mean = 4.1 years) and males from 0-8 years (mean = 4.0 years). The skeletochronological age was that of the post-metamorphic frog and did not include the tadpole stage. Mountain Yellow-legged Frogs spend 3-4 years as tadpoles, but no age markers are found in their cartilaginous skeletons; thus, their total age, if both tadpole and post-metamorphic stages were included, would range up to 14 years. Females were significantly longer (snout-vent length: SVL) than males and had greater mean mass, but there was no difference in the mean ages. juvenile frogs of unknown sex ranged in age from 0-3. The von Bertalanffy growth curve demonstrated that female SVLs were larger than males for all ages. Using a semi-parametric growth model, we also found that elevation within the Sierra Nevada range was an important variable in the relationship between SVL and age; frogs from lower elevation sites were consistently larger at a given age when compared to higher elevation sites. For each increase of 1000 or in elevation, the estimated length (on average) decreases by 8.7 mm. This is the first age determination study of a Sierra Nevada amphibian, and compared to other anuran species, Mountain Yellow-legged Frogs were found to be relatively long-lived, which will have implications for restoration and recovery plans. C1 [Matthews, Kathleen R.] USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Miaud, Claude] Univ Savoie, Lab Biol Alpine Populat, CNRS 5553, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. RP Matthews, KR (reprint author), USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, POB 245, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. EM kmatthews@fs.fed.us RI Matthews, Kathleen/G-8773-2012 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS PI CHARLESTON PA UNIV CHARLESTON, GRICE MARINE LABORATORY, 205 FORT JOHNSON RD, CHARLESTON, SC 29412 USA SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 28 PY 2007 IS 4 BP 986 EP 993 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 247SK UT WOS:000252100300020 ER EF