FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Hebbar, PK
   Lumsden, RD
AF Hebbar, P. K.
   Lumsden, R. D.
TI Integrated pest management of cacao pests and diseases - Current status,
   and an industry perspective
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lumsden, R. D.] USDA ARS, BARC W, World Cocoa Fdn, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S159
EP S159
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401426
ER

PT J
AU Hess, N
   Eckhardt, L
   Menard, R
   Jones, J
AF Hess, N.
   Eckhardt, L.
   Menard, R.
   Jones, J.
TI Monitoring loblolly pine decline in the western zone of the Southern
   Region
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Hess, N.; Menard, R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA.
   [Eckhardt, L.; Jones, J.] LSU Ag Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S42
EP S42
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400254
ER

PT J
AU Hilburn, KLB
   Xu, JR
   Kistler, HC
AF Hilburn, K. L. B.
   Xu, J. -R.
   Kistler, H. C.
TI Targeted gene replacement of candidate pathogenicity genes in Fusarium
   graminearum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Hilburn, K. L. B.; Kistler, H. C.] USDA ARS CDL, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Xu, J. -R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S163
EP S163
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401457
ER

PT J
AU Howell, C
AF Howell, C.
TI Combination chemical/biological seed treatments to control both pre and
   post-emergence damping-off in cotton
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Howell, C.] USDA ARS, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S44
EP S44
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400270
ER

PT J
AU Irey, M
   Adkins, S
   Baker, C
AF Irey, M.
   Adkins, S.
   Baker, C.
TI First report of a virus infection of Ammi majus in Florida
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Irey, M.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
   [Baker, C.] FDACS DPI, Gainesville, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S46
EP S46
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400283
ER

PT J
AU Jackson, E
   Avant, J
   Overturf, K
   Bonman, J
AF Jackson, E.
   Avant, J.
   Overturf, K.
   Bonman, J.
TI Development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to quantify
   Puccinia coronata f. sp avenae in Avena sativa
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jackson, E.; Avant, J.; Overturf, K.; Bonman, J.] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S47
EP S47
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400285
ER

PT J
AU Jaime-Garcia, R
   Cotty, PJ
AF Jaime-Garcia, R.
   Cotty, P. J.
TI Corncobs harbor inoculum of Aspergillus flavus in South Texas
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jaime-Garcia, R.; Cotty, P. J.] USDA ARS, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S150
EP S150
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401375
ER

PT J
AU Jaime-Garcia, R
   Cotty, P
AF Jaime-Garcia, R.
   Cotty, P.
TI Effect of crop rotation on temporal variation of Aspergillus flavus
   strain S in soils of South Texas
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jaime-Garcia, R.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
   [Cotty, P.] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S47
EP S47
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400289
ER

PT J
AU Janisiewicz, W
AF Janisiewicz, W.
TI Biological control of stem-end decay of 'Anjou' pears in storage
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Janisiewicz, W.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S48
EP S48
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400291
ER

PT J
AU Jia, Y
AF Jia, Y.
TI Contribution of plant pathology to biotechnology
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S132
EP S132
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401268
ER

PT J
AU Jia, Y
   Rutger, J
   Xie, J
AF Jia, Y.
   Rutger, J.
   Xie, J.
TI Development and characterization of rice mutant populations for
   functional genomics of host-parasite interactions
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jia, Y.; Rutger, J.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
   [Xie, J.] Jingxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Nanchang 330200, Peoples R China.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S48
EP S48
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400294
ER

PT J
AU Jia, Y
   Lin, M
   Jia, M
AF Jia, Y.
   Lin, M.
   Jia, M.
TI Genetic analysis of the rice blast resistance gene Pi-ta-mediated signal
   transduction pathway
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jia, Y.; Jia, M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
   [Lin, M.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S48
EP S48
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400295
ER

PT J
AU Jin, Y
   Wanyera, R
   Kinyua, M
   Jin, Y
   Singh, R
AF Jin, Y.
   Wanyera, R.
   Kinyua, M.
   Jin, Y.
   Singh, R.
TI The spread of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici with broad virulence in
   eastern Africa
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jin, Y.; Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Singh, R.] CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S49
EP S49
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400300
ER

PT J
AU Jin, Y
   Zhang, X
   Anderson, J
AF Jin, Y.
   Zhang, X.
   Anderson, J.
TI Inheritance of Fusarium head blight resistance in Abura
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Zhang, X.; Anderson, J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S49
EP S49
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400298
ER

PT J
AU Jin, Y
   Singh, R
AF Jin, Y.
   Singh, R.
TI Resistance to eastern African stem rust isolates with broad virulence in
   US and CIMMYT wheat
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Singh, R.] CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S49
EP S49
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400299
ER

PT J
AU Jomantiene, R
   Davis, RE
   Valiunas, D
AF Jomantiene, R.
   Davis, R. E.
   Valiunas, D.
TI Phylogenetic relationships of phytoplasmas inferred from analysis of
   DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit, RpoB
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jomantiene, R.; Valiunas, D.] Inst Bot, LT-2021 Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Jomantiene, R.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S169
EP S169
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401498
ER

PT J
AU Jomantiene, R
   Davis, RE
AF Jomantiene, R.
   Davis, R. E.
TI Comparative analysis of repeated regions in the genomes of clover
   phyllody (CPh) and onion yellows (OY-M) phytoplasmas
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, Lab Phytoviruses, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Jomantiene, R.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S159
EP S159
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401431
ER

PT J
AU Jomantiene, R
   Davis, RE
AF Jomantiene, R.
   Davis, R. E.
TI Genomic "iceberg", gene cluster characterized by pseudogenes and
   horizontally acquired genetic elements in a phytoplasma genome
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Jomantiene, R.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S156
EP S156
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401409
ER

PT J
AU Jomantiene, R
   Davis, R
AF Jomantiene, R.
   Davis, R.
TI A putative SMC family protein having a tropomyosin-like domain is
   encoded by phytoplasma genomes
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Davis, R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S50
EP S50
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400305
ER

PT J
AU Jones, D
   Levy, L
   Elphinstone, J
   Twieg, E
   DeVries-Paterson, R
   Schoedel, B
   Kaplan, D
   Berger, P
   Bulluck, R
AF Jones, D.
   Levy, L.
   Elphinstone, J.
   Twieg, E.
   DeVries-Paterson, R.
   Schoedel, B.
   Kaplan, D.
   Berger, P.
   Bulluck, R.
TI Early detection of Ralstonia solanacearum, race 3 biovar 2 in water
   effluent
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jones, D.; Levy, L.; Twieg, E.; DeVries-Paterson, R.] NPGBL, USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Elphinstone, J.] MAFF, Cent Sci Lab, York, N Yorkshire, England.
   [Schoedel, B.] Agdia Inc, Elkhart, IN USA.
   [Kaplan, D.; Berger, P.; Bulluck, R.] CPHST, USDA APHIS PPQ, Raleigh, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S50
EP S50
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400306
ER

PT J
AU Jones, M
AF Jones, M.
TI Regulatory perspective
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jones, M.] USDA, Riverdale, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S130
EP S130
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401255
ER

PT J
AU Juzwik, J
   Ambourn, AK
AF Juzwik, J.
   Ambourn, A. K.
TI Above-ground spread of Ceratocystis fagacearum: Will the important
   vectors please stand up?
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA.
   [Ambourn, A. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fairbanks, AK USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S127
EP S127
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401237
ER

PT J
AU Kaminski, JE
   Dernoeden, PH
   O'Neill, NR
AF Kaminski, J. E.
   Dernoeden, P. H.
   O'Neill, N. R.
TI Environmental influences on ascospore release of Ophiosphaerella
   agrostis under controlled and field conditions
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kaminski, J. E.; Dernoeden, P. H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nat Res Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   [O'Neill, N. R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S170
EP S170
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401500
ER

PT J
AU Kenney, M
AF Kenney, M.
TI The good, the bad, and the ugly: Proper (and improper)
   packaging/shipping of plant pathogens moved internationally and
   domestically under USDA-APHIS-PP
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kenney, M.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S52
EP S52
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400320
ER

PT J
AU Kluepfel, D
   Sudarshana, P
   McClean, A
AF Kluepfel, D.
   Sudarshana, P.
   McClean, A.
TI Seasonal fluctuation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens populations in walnut
   orchard soil
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kluepfel, D.; McClean, A.] USDA ARS, CPGRU, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Sudarshana, P.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S55
EP S55
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400335
ER

PT J
AU Kong, H
   Patterson, CD
   Lydon, J
AF Kong, H.
   Patterson, C. D.
   Lydon, J.
TI The characterization of genes required for tagetitoxin production by
   Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kong, H.; Patterson, C. D.; Lydon, J.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S156
EP S156
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401411
ER

PT J
AU Kuldau, G
   Bacon, C
AF Kuldau, G.
   Bacon, C.
TI Clavicipitaceous endophytes: Their ability to enhance plant resistance
   to multiple stresses
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kuldau, G.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Bacon, C.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S138
EP S138
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401307
ER

PT J
AU Lai, Z
   Xu, S
   Friesen, T
AF Lai, Z.
   Xu, S.
   Friesen, T.
TI Karyotype analysis of Pyrenophora teres f. teres using telomere
   analysis, pulsed field gel electrophoresis and germ tube burst method
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lai, Z.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   [Xu, S.; Friesen, T.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S55
EP S55
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400339
ER

PT J
AU Lakshman, D
   Liu, C
   Mishra, P
   Tavantzis, S
AF Lakshman, D.
   Liu, C.
   Mishra, P.
   Tavantzis, S.
TI Characterization and substrate induced transcriptional regulation of the
   pentafunctional arom gene of Rhizoctonia solani
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lakshman, D.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Liu, C.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
   [Mishra, P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   [Tavantzis, S.] Univ Maine, Dept Biol Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S56
EP S56
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400340
ER

PT J
AU Larkin, R
AF Larkin, R.
TI Combining cultural and biological controls to manage diseases of potato
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Larkin, R.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S139
EP S139
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401314
ER

PT J
AU Larkin, R
   Brewer, M
AF Larkin, R.
   Brewer, M.
TI Effects of biological amendments on soil microbiology and soilborne
   potato diseases in different cropping systems
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Larkin, R.; Brewer, M.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S56
EP S56
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400343
ER

PT J
AU Larsen, R
   Vandemark, G
   Hughes, T
AF Larsen, R.
   Vandemark, G.
   Hughes, T.
TI The relationship between pathogen DNA content and disease severity in
   alfalfa cultivars infected with Verticillium albo-atrum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Larsen, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Vandemark, G.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
   [Hughes, T.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S56
EP S56
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400344
ER

PT J
AU Lazo, G
   Gu, Y
   Kim, J
   Campbell, B
AF Lazo, G.
   Gu, Y.
   Kim, J.
   Campbell, B.
TI Comparison of fungal genome structure with coordinate gene expression
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lazo, G.; Gu, Y.; Kim, J.; Campbell, B.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009
OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S56
EP S57
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400345
ER

PT J
AU Leandro, L
   Ferguson, L
   Fernandez, G
   Louws, F
AF Leandro, L.
   Ferguson, L.
   Fernandez, G.
   Louws, F.
TI Population dynamics of fungi associated with strawberry roots in
   different soil management systems
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Leandro, L.; Fernandez, G.; Louws, F.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Ferguson, L.] USDA, Raleigh, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S57
EP S57
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400346
ER

PT J
AU Lee, FN
   Cartwright, RD
   Jia, Y
   Correll, JC
AF Lee, F. N.
   Cartwright, R. D.
   Jia, Y.
   Correll, J. C.
TI Magnaporthe grisea race shift for virulence to the major R gene, Pi-ta,
   in Arkansas
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, F. N.; Cartwright, R. D.; Correll, J. C.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
   [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS SPA, DB NRRC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S175
EP S175
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401533
ER

PT J
AU Lee, I
   Bottner, K
   Munyaneza, J
   Davis, R
   Croslin, J
   du Toit, L
   Crosby, T
AF Lee, I.
   Bottner, K.
   Munyaneza, J.
   Davis, R.
   Croslin, J.
   du Toit, L.
   Crosby, T.
TI Carrot purple leaf: A new carrot disease associated with Spiroplasma
   citri and phytoplasmas in Washington
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, I.; Bottner, K.; Davis, R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Croslin, J.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
   [Munyaneza, J.] USDA ARS, Wapato, WA USA.
   [du Toit, L.] Washington State Univ, Mt Vernon, WA USA.
   [Crosby, T.] Mercer Ranch, Prosser, WA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S57
EP S57
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400349
ER

PT J
AU Lee, L
   Hunter, W
   Dawson, W
   Hilf, M
AF Lee, L.
   Hunter, W.
   Dawson, W.
   Hilf, M.
TI Variability in transmission of Citrus tristeza virus isolates from
   Florida by Toxoptera citricida
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, L.; Dawson, W.] Univ Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
   [Hunter, W.; Hilf, M.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S58
EP S58
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400353
ER

PT J
AU Lee, L
   Hunter, W
   Dang, P
   Hunnicutt, L
AF Lee, L.
   Hunter, W.
   Dang, P.
   Hunnicutt, L.
TI An expressed sequence tag (EST) cDNA library of Aphis gossypii alates
   presenter
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, L.] Univ Florida, IFAS, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
   [Hunter, W.; Dang, P.; Hunnicutt, L.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S58
EP S58
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400352
ER

PT J
AU Leverentz, B
   Conway, W
   Janisiewicz, W
   Kurtzman, C
   Abadias, M
   Camp, M
AF Leverentz, B.
   Conway, W.
   Janisiewicz, W.
   Kurtzman, C.
   Abadias, M.
   Camp, M.
TI Biocontrol of foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut apples using naturally
   occurring bacterial and yeast antagonists
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Leverentz, B.; Conway, W.] USDA ARS, PQSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   [Janisiewicz, W.] USDA ARS, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   [Kurtzman, C.] USDA ARS, MGPRU, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   [Abadias, M.] IRTA, Lleida 25198, Catalonia, Spain.
   [Camp, M.] USDA ARS, BCS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RI Abadias, Maribel/J-9386-2012
OI Abadias, Maribel/0000-0003-0113-8979
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S59
EP S59
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400359
ER

PT J
AU Lewandowski, D
   Afunian, M
   Adkins, S
AF Lewandowski, D.
   Afunian, M.
   Adkins, S.
TI Detection of Tobacco streak virus from hibiscus in Florida
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lewandowski, D.; Afunian, M.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
   [Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S59
EP S59
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400362
ER

PT J
AU Li, S
   Hartman, G
   Weatherspoon, N
   Ellis, M
   Li, S
   Widholm, J
AF Li, S.
   Hartman, G.
   Weatherspoon, N.
   Ellis, M.
   Li, S.
   Widholm, J.
TI Phytotoxicity of soybean leaf extracts obtained from plants infected by
   Fusarium solani f. sp glycines assayed by cut seedlings
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, S.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Pathogen Collect Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Li, S.; Hartman, G.; Widholm, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Hartman, G.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Weatherspoon, N.; Ellis, M.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Pathogen Collect Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S60
EP S60
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400366
ER

PT J
AU Li, S
   Hartman, G
   Meister, G
   Chambers, J
   Phillips, D
AF Li, S.
   Hartman, G.
   Meister, G.
   Chambers, J.
   Phillips, D.
TI Long-term storage of Fusarium solani f. sp glycines, a fungus that
   causes soybean sudden death syndrome
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, S.; Meister, G.; Chambers, J.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Pathogen Collect Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Hartman, G.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Phillips, D.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S60
EP S60
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400365
ER

PT J
AU Li, Y
   Windham, M
   Trigiano, R
   Fare, D
   Copes, J
   Copes, W
AF Li, Y.
   Windham, M.
   Trigiano, R.
   Fare, D.
   Copes, J.
   Copes, W.
TI Resistance reactions of daylily cultivars to Puccinia hemerocallidis
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, Y.; Windham, M.; Trigiano, R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA.
   [Fare, D.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA.
   USDA ARS, So Hort Res Unit, Poplarville, MS USA.
RI Lee, Leo/A-7559-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S61
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400372
ER

PT J
AU Li, Y
   Windham, M
   Trigiano, R
   Fare, D
   Copes, J
   Copes, W
AF Li, Y.
   Windham, M.
   Trigiano, R.
   Fare, D.
   Copes, J.
   Copes, W.
TI Infection process of Erysiphe pulchra on flowering dogwood leaves and
   glass slides
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, Y.; Windham, M.; Trigiano, R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA.
   [Fare, D.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA.
   [Copes, J.; Copes, W.] USDA ARS, So Hort Res Unit, Poplarville, MS USA.
RI Lee, Leo/A-7559-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S61
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400371
ER

PT J
AU Li, Y
   Windham, M
   Trigiano, R
   Fare, D
   Copes, J
   Copes, W
AF Li, Y.
   Windham, M.
   Trigiano, R.
   Fare, D.
   Copes, J.
   Copes, W.
TI Effects of media and pH on urediniospore germination and germ-tube
   elongation of Puccinia hemerocallidis
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, Y.; Windham, M.; Trigiano, R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA.
   [Fare, D.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA.
   [Copes, J.; Copes, W.] USDA ARS, So Hort Res Unit, Poplarville, MS USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S60
EP S61
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400370
ER

PT J
AU Li, Y
   Windham, M
   Trigiano, R
   Fare, D
   Spiers, J
   Copes, W
AF Li, Y.
   Windham, M.
   Trigiano, R.
   Fare, D.
   Spiers, J.
   Copes, W.
TI Components of resistance to powdery mildew in flowering dogwood
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Li, Y.; Windham, M.; Trigiano, R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA.
   [Fare, D.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Mcminnville, TN USA.
   [Spiers, J.; Copes, W.] USDA ARS, So Hort Res Unit, Poplarville, MS USA.
RI Lee, Leo/A-7559-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S60
EP S60
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400369
ER

PT J
AU Lin, H
   Civerolo, E
   Sahota, P
   Groves, R
   Takahashi, Y
   Walker, A
AF Lin, H.
   Civerolo, E.
   Sahota, P.
   Groves, R.
   Takahashi, Y.
   Walker, A.
TI A high-throughput multi-locus pathogen detecting system for strain
   identification and population genetic studies of Xylella fastidiosa
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lin, H.; Civerolo, E.; Sahota, P.; Groves, R.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA.
   [Takahashi, Y.; Walker, A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S61
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400373
ER

PT J
AU Linderman, R
   Davis, E
AF Linderman, R.
   Davis, E.
TI Survival of Phytophthora ramorum in potting mix components or soil and
   eradication with aerated steam treatment
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Linderman, R.; Davis, E.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S61
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400375
ER

PT J
AU Linderman, R
   Davis, E
AF Linderman, R.
   Davis, E.
TI Chemical control of Phytophthora ramorum on rhododendron and lilac
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Linderman, R.; Davis, E.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S61
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400374
ER

PT J
AU Ling, K
AF Ling, K.
TI Realtime immunocapture RT-PCR detection of Pepino mosaic virus on tomato
   seed and plant tissues in a single tube
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ling, K.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S61
EP S62
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400376
ER

PT J
AU Liu, Z
   Friesen, T
   Ling, H
   Meinhardt, S
   Rasmussen, J
   Faris, J
AF Liu, Z.
   Friesen, T.
   Ling, H.
   Meinhardt, S.
   Rasmussen, J.
   Faris, J.
TI Genomic mapping of toxin sensitivity and quantitative trait loci for
   seedling resistance to Stagonospora nodorum in wheat
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Liu, Z.; Rasmussen, J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   [Ling, H.; Meinhardt, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   [Friesen, T.; Faris, J.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S62
EP S62
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400378
ER

PT J
AU Liu, Z
   Halterman, D
AF Liu, Z.
   Halterman, D.
TI Identification of RB-orthologous genes from late blight resistant
   diploid potato
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Halterman, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RI Halterman, Dennis/A-7630-2009; Liu, Zhenyu/C-1369-2014; Liu, Zhenyu
   /C-9814-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S62
EP S62
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400379
ER

PT J
AU Long, DL
AF Long, D. L.
TI Estimating rust losses in cereals: More than a guess
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Long, D. L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S132
EP S132
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401266
ER

PT J
AU Loper, JE
AF Loper, J. E.
TI The genomic sequence of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5: Insights into
   biological control
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Loper, J. E.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S144
EP S145
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401348
ER

PT J
AU Luo, G
   Melcher, U
   Bruton, B
   Pair, S
   Fletcher, F
AF Luo, G.
   Melcher, U.
   Bruton, B.
   Pair, S.
   Fletcher, F.
TI Phytopathogenicity of Serratia marcescens strains in different plant
   host species
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Luo, G.; Melcher, U.; Fletcher, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   [Bruton, B.; Pair, S.] USDA ARS, Lane, OK USA.
RI Melcher, Ulrich/E-7160-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S63
EP S63
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400383
ER

PT J
AU Luster, D
   McMahon, M
   Choi, J
   Carter, M
   Nunez, A
   Frederick, R
AF Luster, D.
   McMahon, M.
   Choi, J.
   Carter, M.
   Nunez, A.
   Frederick, R.
TI Identification of proteins expressed in germinating Phakopsora
   pachyrhizi urediniospores
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Luster, D.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [McMahon, M.; Choi, J.; Carter, M.; Frederick, R.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA.
   [Nunez, A.] USDA ARS, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA USA.
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S63
EP S63
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400385
ER

PT J
AU Malkus, A
   Ueng, P
AF Malkus, A.
   Ueng, P.
TI Beta-tubulin (tubA) gene in Phaeosphaeria nodorum and P avenaria
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Malkus, A.] Plant Breeding & Acclimatizat Inst, Radzikow, Poland.
   [Ueng, P.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S159
EP S160
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401432
ER

PT J
AU Martin, R
   Tzanetakis, I
AF Martin, R.
   Tzanetakis, I.
TI Characterization of three novel viruses infecting raspberry
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Martin, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Tzanetakis, I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S66
EP S66
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400403
ER

PT J
AU Mazzola, M
   Cohen, M
   Brown, J
AF Mazzola, M.
   Cohen, M.
   Brown, J.
TI Effect of Brassicaceae seed meals on microbial communities and growth of
   apple in replant soils
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Mazzola, M.; Cohen, M.] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA.
   [Brown, J.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S67
EP S67
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400410
ER

PT J
AU McClean, A
   Sudarshana, P
   Kluepfel, D
AF McClean, A.
   Sudarshana, P.
   Kluepfel, D.
TI Detection of Brennaria rubrifaciens, the causative agent of deep bark
   canker (DBC) of walnut
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [McClean, A.; Kluepfel, D.] USDA ARS, CPGRU, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Sudarshana, P.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S67
EP S67
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400413
ER

PT J
AU Meador, C
   Melouk, H
   Murray, D
AF Meador, C.
   Melouk, H.
   Murray, D.
TI Incidence of Sclerotinia Blight of Okrun peanut grown in soil previously
   planted to Sclerotinia minor-infected weeds and peanut
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Meador, C.; Murray, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   [Melouk, H.] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S69
EP S69
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400420
ER

PT J
AU Melnick, R
   Backman, P
   Bailey, B
   Guiltinan, M
AF Melnick, R.
   Backman, P.
   Bailey, B.
   Guiltinan, M.
TI Bacterial endophytes from vegetable crops as biological control agents
   for black pod rot of cacao
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Melnick, R.; Backman, P.; Guiltinan, M.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Bailey, B.] USDA ARS, SPCL, Beltsville, MD USA.
RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013
OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S69
EP S69
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400421
ER

PT J
AU Melnick, RL
   Backman, PA
   Bailey, B
   Maximova, S
   Guiltinan, M
AF Melnick, R. L.
   Backman, P. A.
   Bailey, B.
   Maximova, S.
   Guiltinan, M.
TI Bacterial endophytes as biological control agents for black pod rot of
   cacao
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Melnick, R. L.; Backman, P. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Maximova, S.; Guiltinan, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Bailey, B.] USDA ARS ACSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013
OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S171
EP S171
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401513
ER

PT J
AU Melnick, RL
   Backman, PA
   Bailey, B
   Guiltinan, M
AF Melnick, R. L.
   Backman, P. A.
   Bailey, B.
   Guiltinan, M.
TI Evaluating bacterial endophytes as biological control agents for cacao
   diseases
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Melnick, R. L.; Backman, P. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Guiltinan, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Bailey, B.] USDA ARS ACSL, Beltsville, MD USA.
RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013
OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401413
ER

PT J
AU Melouk, H
   Al-Saleh, M
   Besler, B
   Grichar, J
AF Melouk, H.
   Al-Saleh, M.
   Besler, B.
   Grichar, J.
TI Disease incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) on eight peanut
   cultivars in field plots
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Melouk, H.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Al-Saleh, M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   [Besler, B.; Grichar, J.] Texas A&M Univ, Beeville, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S69
EP S69
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400422
ER

PT J
AU Mengistu, A
   Heatherly, LG
AF Mengistu, A.
   Heatherly, L. G.
TI Incidence of Phomopsis longicolla and other fungi associated with
   soybean seed in the early soybean production system plantings in the
   midsouthern USA
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Mengistu, A.; Heatherly, L. G.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S175
EP S175
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401535
ER

PT J
AU Meyer, S
   Zasada, I
   Tenuta, M
   Roberts, D
AF Meyer, S.
   Zasada, I.
   Tenuta, M.
   Roberts, D.
TI Effects of N-Viro Soil, calcium hydroxide, and a Streptomyces sp on
   Meloidogyne incognita populations on cantaloupe
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Meyer, S.; Zasada, I.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   [Tenuta, M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
   [Roberts, D.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S70
EP S70
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400426
ER

PT J
AU Miklas, PN
AF Miklas, P. N.
TI Pyramiding disease resistance in beans
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Miklas, P. N.] USDA ARS Vegetable & Forage Crop Res, Prosser, WA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S122
EP S122
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401205
ER

PT J
AU Mischke, S
   O'Neill, N
   Zhang, D
AF Mischke, S.
   O'Neill, N.
   Zhang, D.
TI DNA fingerprinting of fungal and plant genomes using capillary
   electrophoresis
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Mischke, S.; O'Neill, N.; Zhang, D.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401433
ER

PT J
AU Murphy, T
   Kuykendall, L
   Hunter, W
AF Murphy, T.
   Kuykendall, L.
   Hunter, W.
TI Colony type derviatives of Erwinia betavasculorum differing in root
   necrosis capacity, motility and chemotaxis
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Murphy, T.; Kuykendall, L.] USDA, MPPL, Washington, DC USA.
   [Hunter, W.] USDA, Soil Lab, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S72
EP S73
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400443
ER

PT J
AU Navi, S
   Bandyopadhyay, R
   Tonapi, V
   Rao, T
   Indira, S
   Reddy, R
   Tooley, P
   Thomas, D
AF Navi, S.
   Bandyopadhyay, R.
   Tonapi, V.
   Rao, T.
   Indira, S.
   Reddy, R.
   Tooley, P.
   Thomas, D.
TI Prevalence of major diseases of sorghum in Deccan plateau of India
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Navi, S.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA.
   [Bandyopadhyay, R.] IITA, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria.
   [Tonapi, V.; Rao, T.; Indira, S.] NRCS, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
   [Reddy, R.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India.
   [Tooley, P.] USDA ARS, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
   [Thomas, D.] Nat Resources Inst, Chatham ME4 4TB, Kent, England.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S74
EP S74
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400452
ER

PT J
AU Niblack, T
   Atibalentja, N
   Bekal, S
   Domier, L
   Noel, G
   Lambert, K
AF Niblack, T.
   Atibalentja, N.
   Bekal, S.
   Domier, L.
   Noel, G.
   Lambert, K.
TI A genetic linkage map of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Domier, L.; Noel, G.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   [Atibalentja, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S75
EP S75
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400458
ER

PT J
AU Olanya, M
   Larkin, R
AF Olanya, M.
   Larkin, R.
TI Temperature and relative humidity effects on late blight incited by
   Phytophthora infestans isolates from diverse genotypes and hosts
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Olanya, M.; Larkin, R.] USDA ARS, NEPSWL, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S77
EP S77
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400467
ER

PT J
AU Omer, M
   Horst, L
   Locke, J
   Krause, C
   Pitchay, D
AF Omer, M.
   Horst, L.
   Locke, J.
   Krause, C.
   Pitchay, D.
TI Susceptibility of trailing petunia Calibrachoa x hybrida to infection by
   foliar and root fungal pathogens
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Omer, M.; Locke, J.] USDA ARS, ATRU, Green Prod Res Grp, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
   [Horst, L.; Krause, C.] USDA ARS, AARTU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
   [Pitchay, D.] Univ Toledo, Dept Biol, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S77
EP S77
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400472
ER

PT J
AU Ordonez, M
   Kolmer, J
   Szabo, L
AF Ordonez, M.
   Kolmer, J.
   Szabo, L.
TI Genetic diversity of a world-wide collection of Puccinia triticina from
   durum wheat using simple sequence repeat markers and rDNA sequence
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kolmer, J.; Szabo, L.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S78
EP S78
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400473
ER

PT J
AU Otrosina, W
   Sung, S
   Cook, C
   Kliejunas, J
   Smith, S
   Cluck, D
AF Otrosina, W.
   Sung, S.
   Cook, C.
   Kliejunas, J.
   Smith, S.
   Cluck, D.
TI Leptographium wageneri spore dosage required for root infection in
   80-year-old ponderosa pine subjected to prescribed burning
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Otrosina, W.; Sung, S.; Cook, C.; Kliejunas, J.; Smith, S.; Cluck, D.] USDA Forest Serv, Athens, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S78
EP S78
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400475
ER

PT J
AU Palencia, E
   Glenn, A
AF Palencia, E.
   Glenn, A.
TI FvABC1, a Fusarium verticillioides gene encoding an ABC transporter, may
   be required for tolerance of phytoanticipins produced by corn
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Palencia, E.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   [Glenn, A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S79
EP S79
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400482
ER

PT J
AU Palm, ME
AF Palm, M. E.
TI Plant pathogen identification: National and international challenges
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Palm, M. E.] USDA APHIS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S146
EP S146
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401359
ER

PT J
AU Palumbo, J
   Baker, J
AF Palumbo, J.
   Baker, J.
TI Isolation of bacterial antagonists of Aspergillus flavus from almonds in
   a California orchard
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Palumbo, J.; Baker, J.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S79
EP S80
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400485
ER

PT J
AU Parker, P
   Gottwald, T
   Levy, L
   Cook, A
AF Parker, P.
   Gottwald, T.
   Levy, L.
   Cook, A.
TI Development and deployment of a mobile containment greenhouse laboratory
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Parker, P.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST PDDML, Washington, DC USA.
   [Gottwald, T.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
   [Levy, L.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST PDDML, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Cook, A.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST PDDML, Edinburg, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S80
EP S80
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400489
ER

PT J
AU Parker, S
   Kluepfel, D
AF Parker, S.
   Kluepfel, D.
TI Analysis of the culturable bacterial community in the rhizosphere and
   bulk soil in a California grapevine vineyard
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Parker, S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Kluepfel, D.] USDA ARS, CPGRU, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S80
EP S80
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400490
ER

PT J
AU Pastor-Corrales, M
AF Pastor-Corrales, M.
TI Genetics of resistance to Uromyces appendiculatus in a unique common
   bean plant introduction from the Andean gene pool
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S80
EP S81
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400491
ER

PT J
AU Peetz, A
   Mahaffee, W
   Grove, G
   Galloway, H
AF Peetz, A.
   Mahaffee, W.
   Grove, G.
   Galloway, H.
TI Rapid detection and quantification of airborne hop powdery mildew
   inoculum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Peetz, A.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Mahaffee, W.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Grove, G.; Galloway, H.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S81
EP S81
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400496
ER

PT J
AU Peltier, AJ
   Hatfield, RD
   Grau, CR
AF Peltier, A. J.
   Hatfield, R. D.
   Grau, C. R.
TI Sclerotinia sclerotiorum does not detectably modify or metabolize lignin
   in mature soybean stems
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Hatfield, R. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S165
EP S165
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401471
ER

PT J
AU Peres, N
   Turechek, W
AF Peres, N.
   Turechek, W.
TI Pre and post-infection activity of pyraclostrobin for control of
   anthracnose fruit rot of strawberry caused by Colletotrichum acutatum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Peres, N.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   [Turechek, W.] USDA ARS, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RI Peres, Natalia/A-3279-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S82
EP S82
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400499
ER

PT J
AU Polashock, J
   Saftner, R
AF Polashock, J.
   Saftner, R.
TI Blueberry fruit volatiles as a potential marker for resistance to
   anthracnose fruit rot
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Polashock, J.] USDA ARS, Fruit Lab, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA.
   [Saftner, R.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S84
EP S84
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400511
ER

PT J
AU Porter, L
   Miller, J
   Nolte, P
AF Porter, L.
   Miller, J.
   Nolte, P.
TI Fitness and aggressiveness of mefenoxam-resistant and -sensitive
   isolates of Phytophthora erythroseptica infecting potato
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Porter, L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Miller, J.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen, ID USA.
   [Nolte, P.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S84
EP S84
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400513
ER

PT J
AU Pratt, R
AF Pratt, R.
TI Fungicide-based estimates of yield losses caused by fungal diseases in
   sod of forage bermudagrass in Mississippi
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Pratt, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S84
EP S84
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400515
ER

PT J
AU Quimby, PC
   Boyette, CD
AF Quimby, P. C.
   Boyette, C. D.
TI Orphan mycoherbicides: Is there a future?
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Quimby, P. C.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Boyette, C. D.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S125
EP S126
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401228
ER

PT J
AU Rangel, B
   Lee, R
AF Rangel, B.
   Lee, R.
TI Phytoplasmas in citrus
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rangel, B.; Lee, R.] USDA ARS, NCGRCD, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S86
EP S86
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400525
ER

PT J
AU Rayamajhi, M
   Van, T
   Center, T
AF Rayamajhi, M.
   Van, T.
   Center, T.
TI Impact of Puccinia psidii on the performance of invasive tree, Melaleuca
   quinquenervia in Florida
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rayamajhi, M.; Van, T.; Center, T.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S87
EP S87
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400528
ER

PT J
AU Redinbaugh, M
   Willie, K
   Matthies, I
   Sauer, M
   Sankar, U
   Bouchard, R
   Pratt, R
AF Redinbaugh, M.
   Willie, K.
   Matthies, I.
   Sauer, M.
   Sankar, U.
   Bouchard, R.
   Pratt, R.
TI Interaction between a maize sphingosine kinase-like protein and the
   Maize chlorotic dwarf virus coat protein 1
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Redinbaugh, M.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Willie, K.] USDA ARS, Corn & Soybean Res, Wooster, OH USA.
   [Matthies, I.; Sauer, M.] Univ Hohenheim, Wooster, OH USA.
   [Matthies, I.; Sauer, M.; Sankar, U.; Bouchard, R.; Pratt, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S87
EP S87
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400533
ER

PT J
AU Reilly, C
   Crawford, M
   Buck, J
AF Reilly, C.
   Crawford, M.
   Buck, J.
TI Nickel suppresses daylily rust, Puccinia hemerocallidis on susceptible
   daylilys, Hemerocallis in greenhouse and field trials
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Reilly, C.] USDA ARS, Byron, GA USA.
   [Crawford, M.] NIPAN LLC, Valdosta, GA USA.
   [Buck, J.] Univ Georgia, Griffin, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S88
EP S88
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991400536
ER

PT J
AU Roberts, P
   Muchovej, R
   Urs, R
   Achor, D
   Baker, C
   Bruton, B
   Adkins, S
AF Roberts, P.
   Muchovej, R.
   Urs, R.
   Achor, D.
   Baker, C.
   Bruton, B.
   Adkins, S.
TI Investigation into a mature watermelon vine decline and fruit rot
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Roberts, P.; Muchovej, R.; Urs, R.] Univ Florida, SWFREC, Immokalee, FL USA.
   [Achor, D.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
   [Baker, C.] Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL USA.
   [Bruton, B.] USDA ARS, Lane, OK USA.
   [Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S89
EP S89
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401004
ER

PT J
AU Robertson, N
   French, R
AF Robertson, N.
   French, R.
TI Unique Barley yellow dwarf virus-MAV-like serotypes in Alaska
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Robertson, N.] USDA ARS, Palmer, AK USA.
   [French, R.] USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S89
EP S89
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401005
ER

PT J
AU Romanazzi, G
   Gabler, FM
   Smilanick, J
AF Romanazzi, G.
   Gabler, F. Mlikota
   Smilanick, J.
TI Chitosan treatment to control postharvest gray mold of table grapes
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Romanazzi, G.] Marche Polytechn Univ, Dept Environm & Crop Sci, Ancona, Italy.
   [Gabler, F. Mlikota] Inst Adriat Crops, Split, Croatia.
   [Smilanick, J.] San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Parlier, CA USA.
RI Romanazzi, Gianfranco/C-8981-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S90
EP S90
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401007
ER

PT J
AU Roy, G
   Yokomi, R
   Ullman, D
AF Roy, G.
   Yokomi, R.
   Ullman, D.
TI Amino acid sequence variations associated with aphid transmissibility of
   Citrus tristeza virus
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Roy, G.; Ullman, D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Yokomi, R.] PWA, USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S91
EP S91
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401014
ER

PT J
AU Rush, C
   Steddom, K
   Jones, D
   Campbell, L
AF Rush, C.
   Steddom, K.
   Jones, D.
   Campbell, L.
TI Association of the Rz gene with plants expressing symptoms of rhizomania
   in disease tolerant cultivars
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rush, C.; Steddom, K.; Jones, D.] Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Bushland, TX USA.
   [Campbell, L.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S91
EP S91
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401016
ER

PT J
AU Salas, B
   Dill-Macky, R
AF Salas, B.
   Dill-Macky, R.
TI Effect of residue management and host resistance on the epidemiology of
   Fusarium head blight
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Salas, B.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Dill-Macky, R.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S92
EP S92
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401021
ER

PT J
AU Samac, DA
   Hollingsworth, CR
AF Samac, D. A.
   Hollingsworth, C. R.
TI Detection of brown root rot of alfalfa in Minnesota and Wisconsin
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Samac, D. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Samac, D. A.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Hollingsworth, C. R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, Crookston, MN 56716 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S165
EP S165
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401475
ER

PT J
AU Schilling, JS
   Jellison, J
   Shortle, WC
AF Schilling, J. S.
   Jellison, J.
   Shortle, W. C.
TI Calcium enrichment during brown-rot wood decay and the possible role of
   oxalate regulation
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schilling, J. S.; Jellison, J.] Univ Maine, Dept Biol Sci, Orono, ME 04468 USA.
   [Shortle, W. C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S172
EP S172
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401518
ER

PT J
AU Schisler, D
   Boehm, M
   Slininger, P
AF Schisler, D.
   Boehm, M.
   Slininger, P.
TI Dosage requirements and combinations of choline metabolizing strains and
   antagonist Cryptococcus nodaensis OH 182.9 for reducing FHB of wheat
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schisler, D.; Slininger, P.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   [Boehm, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S93
EP S93
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401030
ER

PT J
AU Schisler, DA
AF Schisler, D. A.
TI Flowering wheat heads as novel colonization sites for Gibberella zeae
   and introduced antagonists
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schisler, D. A.] USDA ARS, MWA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S129
EP S129
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401249
ER

PT J
AU Schneider, SM
   Trout, TJ
   Ajwa, H
AF Schneider, S. M.
   Trout, T. J.
   Ajwa, H.
TI IPM as an alternative to methyl bromide for control of soilborne pests
   in vineyard replant situations
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schneider, S. M.; Trout, T. J.; Ajwa, H.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA.
   [Ajwa, H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S139
EP S140
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401315
ER

PT J
AU Schneider, W
   Sherman, D
   Stone, A
   Buckley, K
   Damsteegt, V
AF Schneider, W.
   Sherman, D.
   Stone, A.
   Buckley, K.
   Damsteegt, V.
TI Plum pox potyvirus population diversity in Pennsylvania, in single
   orchards, and in individual replicating populations
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schneider, W.; Sherman, D.; Stone, A.; Damsteegt, V.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Buckley, K.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S94
EP S94
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401033
ER

PT J
AU Schwingle, B
   Smith, J
   Blanchette, R
   Blanchette, B
   Gould, S
   Pokorny, J
   Cohen, S
AF Schwingle, B.
   Smith, J.
   Blanchette, R.
   Blanchette, B.
   Gould, S.
   Pokorny, J.
   Cohen, S.
TI Phytophthora species on woody plants in Minnesota nurseries and a first
   report of P-hedraiandra in the United States
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Schwingle, B.; Smith, J.; Blanchette, R.; Blanchette, B.; Gould, S.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
   [Pokorny, J.] USDA, Forest Serv, NE Area State & Private Forestry, Washington, DC USA.
   [Cohen, S.] USDA APHIS PPD, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S94
EP S95
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401037
ER

PT J
AU Scofield, S
   Huang, L
   Brandt, A
   Gill, B
AF Scofield, S.
   Huang, L.
   Brandt, A.
   Gill, B.
TI A virus-induced gene silencing system for hexaploid wheat
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Scofield, S.; Brandt, A.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Scofield, S.; Brandt, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   [Huang, L.; Gill, B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S123
EP S123
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401211
ER

PT J
AU Shao, J
   Davis, RE
   Jomantiene, R
   Dally, EL
AF Shao, J.
   Davis, R. E.
   Jomantiene, R.
   Dally, E. L.
TI Evolution of the prokaryotic protein NusA: Comparison of NusA in clover
   phyllody phytoplasma and other firmicutes
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shao, J.; Davis, R. E.; Dally, E. L.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, LT-2021 Vilnius, Lithuania.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401416
ER

PT J
AU Shi, A
   Mmbaga, M
   Reed, S
   Bai, J
AF Shi, A.
   Mmbaga, M.
   Reed, S.
   Bai, J.
TI Identification of NBS-LRR type disease resistance gene analogs in
   dogwood (Cornus florida)
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shi, A.; Mmbaga, M.] Tennessee State Univ, Otis A Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA.
   [Reed, S.] USDA ARS, McMinnville, TN 37110 USA.
   [Bai, J.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S95
EP S96
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401043
ER

PT J
AU Shishkoff, N
AF Shishkoff, N.
TI Invasive species: The view from a containment facility
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shishkoff, N.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S166
EP S166
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401476
ER

PT J
AU Shishkoff, N
AF Shishkoff, N.
TI Susceptibility of selected lilac (Syringa L.) cultivars to Phylophthora
   ramorum, the sudden oak death pathogen
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shishkoff, N.] ARS, FDWSRU, USDA, Frederick, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401434
ER

PT J
AU Shishkoff, N
   Senesac, A
AF Shishkoff, N.
   Senesac, A.
TI Susceptibility to Phytophthora ramorum of roots and shoots of common
   container weeds
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shishkoff, N.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   [Senesac, A.] Cornell Univ, LIHREC, Riverhead, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S96
EP S96
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401046
ER

PT J
AU Shishkoff, N
AF Shishkoff, N.
TI The effect of systemic fungicides on detection by culturing of
   Phytophthora ramorum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shishkoff, N.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S96
EP S96
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401047
ER

PT J
AU Shishkoff, N
AF Shishkoff, Nina
TI Susceptibility of camellia to Phytophthora ramorum, the sudden oak death
   pathogen
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Shishkoff, Nina] USDA ARS, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401417
ER

PT J
AU Skantar, A
   Carta, L
AF Skantar, A.
   Carta, L.
TI Two new developments in molecular diagnostics: Whole genome
   amplification methods and the use of Hsp90 as a diagnostic marker for
   nematodes
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Skantar, A.; Carta, L.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S141
EP S142
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401328
ER

PT J
AU Smilanick, JL
AF Smilanick, J. L.
TI Eliminating or minimizing the use of fungicides to control postharvest
   diseases of fresh fruit
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Smilanick, J. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S140
EP S141
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401321
ER

PT J
AU Spaine, P
   Cram, M
   Lumpkin, S
   Coyle, D
   Britton, K
   Coleman, M
AF Spaine, P.
   Cram, M.
   Lumpkin, S.
   Coyle, D.
   Britton, K.
   Coleman, M.
TI Effects of irrigation and fertilization on the susceptibility of
   sweetgum to Botryosphaeria infection
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Cram, M.] USDA Forest Serv, FHP, Athens, GA USA.
   [Coyle, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
   [Britton, K.] USDA Forest Serv, FPM, Rosslyn, VA USA.
   [Coleman, M.] USDA Forest Serv, Aiken, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S99
EP S99
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401063
ER

PT J
AU Stockwell, V
   Temple, T
   Johnson, K
   Loper, J
AF Stockwell, V.
   Temple, T.
   Johnson, K.
   Loper, J.
TI Effect of the iron chelate FeEDDHA on control of fire blight by
   Pseudomonas fluorescens A506
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Stockwell, V.; Temple, T.; Johnson, K.; Loper, J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Loper, J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S100
EP S100
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401071
ER

PT J
AU Strausbaugh, C
   Gallian, J
   Camp, S
   Foote, P
   Gillen, A
AF Strausbaugh, C.
   Gallian, J.
   Camp, S.
   Foote, P.
   Gillen, A.
TI Relationship of curly top virus ratings and yield in sugarbeet nurseries
   and commercial fields
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Strausbaugh, C.; Gillen, A.] USDA ARS, Kimberly, ID USA.
   [Gallian, J.] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls, ID USA.
   [Camp, S.; Foote, P.] Amalgamated Sugar Co, Paul, ID USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S100
EP S100
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401072
ER

PT J
AU Sullivan, M
   Shew, D
   Melton, T
   Cubeta, M
AF Sullivan, M.
   Shew, D.
   Melton, T.
   Cubeta, M.
TI Molecular characterization of races 0 and 1 of Phytophthora parasitica
   var. nicotianae using amplified fragment length polymorphisms
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Sullivan, M.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Ft Collins, CO USA.
   [Shew, D.; Cubeta, M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Melton, T.] N Carolina State Univ, Adm Extens Serv, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S101
EP S101
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401075
ER

PT J
AU Sun, Q
   Hammond, RR
   Davis, RE
   Zhao, Y
AF Sun, Q.
   Hammond, R. R.
   Davis, R. E.
   Zhao, Y.
TI Genetic transformation and regeneration of commercial pear (Pyrus
   communis L.) cultivars 'Onward' and 'Old Home'
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Sun, Q.; Hammond, R. R.; Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Sun, Q.] Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401435
ER

PT J
AU Sun, Y
   Zhong, S
   Steffenson, B
   Friesen, T
   Neate, S
AF Sun, Y.
   Zhong, S.
   Steffenson, B.
   Friesen, T.
   Neate, S.
TI Amplified fragment length polymorphism diversity in Puccinia hordei
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Sun, Y.; Neate, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   [Zhong, S.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Friesen, T.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S101
EP S101
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401076
ER

PT J
AU Susaimuthu, J
   Tzanetakis, I
   Gergerich, R
   Martin, R
AF Susaimuthu, J.
   Tzanetakis, I.
   Gergerich, R.
   Martin, R.
TI Evidence for mixed infections by two or more viruses causing severe
   symptoms and decline of blackberry
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Susaimuthu, J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
   [Tzanetakis, I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Gergerich, R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
   [Martin, R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S101
EP S101
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401078
ER

PT J
AU Szabo, LJ
   Barnes, C
AF Szabo, L. J.
   Barnes, C.
TI Rust fungi-shifty pathogens: Molecular methods for rapid detection and
   identification
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Szabo, L. J.; Barnes, C.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S166
EP S166
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401480
ER

PT J
AU Thies, J
   Berland, P
   Fery, R
AF Thies, J.
   Berland, P.
   Fery, R.
TI Reaction of cowpea cultivars to Rhizoctonia solani in field tests
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Thies, J.; Fery, R.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
   [Berland, P.] Resource Conservat & Dev Inc, Postville, IA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S102
EP S103
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401087
ER

PT J
AU Thomashow, LS
AF Thomashow, L. S.
TI Genetic engineering for improved biocontrol
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Thomashow, L. S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S145
EP S145
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401352
ER

PT J
AU Tooley, P
   Kyde, K
   Browning, M
AF Tooley, P.
   Kyde, K.
   Browning, M.
TI The effect of temperature and moisture period on infection of
   Rhododendron 'Cunningham's White' by Phytophthora ramorum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tooley, P.; Browning, M.] USDA ARS, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
   [Kyde, K.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S104
EP S104
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401094
ER

PT J
AU Tsygankova, SV
   Matveeva, EV
   Pekhtereva, ES
   Igmatov, AN
   Schaad, NW
AF Tsygankova, S. V.
   Matveeva, E. V.
   Pekhtereva, E. Sh.
   Igmatov, A. N.
   Schaad, N. W.
TI Genetic diversity among strains of pectolytic Erwinia in potato in
   Russia
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tsygankova, S. V.; Igmatov, A. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Bioengn, Moscow 117312, Russia.
   [Matveeva, E. V.; Pekhtereva, E. Sh.; Igmatov, A. N.] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Moscow 143080, Russia.
   [Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401436
ER

PT J
AU Tubajika, K
   Jonawiak, J
   Mack, R
   Hoover, K
   Mastro, V
AF Tubajika, K.
   Jonawiak, J.
   Mack, R.
   Hoover, K.
   Mastro, V.
TI Effectiveness of radio frequency treatment of red oak and southern
   yellow pine on growth on Gloeophyllum tracheum and Irpex lacteus
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tubajika, K.; Mack, R.; Mastro, V.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Washington, DC USA.
   [Jonawiak, J.; Hoover, K.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S104
EP S105
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401100
ER

PT J
AU Tubajika, K
   Mastro, V
AF Tubajika, K.
   Mastro, V.
TI Use of Physalospora vaccinii cranberry model to study the efficacy of
   decontaminant alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in laboratory
   assays
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tubajika, K.; Mastro, V.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S105
EP S105
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401102
ER

PT J
AU Tubajika, K
   Barak, A
   Mastro, V
AF Tubajika, K.
   Barak, A.
   Mastro, V.
TI Toxicity of sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide to wood decay fungi in
   laboratory
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tubajika, K.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S105
EP S105
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401101
ER

PT J
AU Tzanetakis, I
   Martin, R
   Dreher, T
AF Tzanetakis, I.
   Martin, R.
   Dreher, T.
TI Dulcamara mottle virus: A Tymovirus lacking the tRNA-like structure
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tzanetakis, I.; Dreher, T.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Martin, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S106
EP S106
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401107
ER

PT J
AU Tzanetakis, I
   Martin, R
   Kitner, M
AF Tzanetakis, I.
   Martin, R.
   Kitner, M.
TI Strawberry chlorotic fleck: A new Closterovirus associated with the
   disease
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tzanetakis, I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Kitner, M.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA.
   [Martin, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S105
EP S105
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401105
ER

PT J
AU Tzanetakis, I
   Martin, R
AF Tzanetakis, I.
   Martin, R.
TI Strawberry latent virus: A potential link between plant and insect
   viruses
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tzanetakis, I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   [Martin, R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S105
EP S106
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401106
ER

PT J
AU Ueng, P
AF Ueng, P.
TI Differentiation of Stagonospora avenue by molecular sequencings
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ueng, P.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S106
EP S106
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401109
ER

PT J
AU Uribe, P
AF Uribe, P.
TI Real-time PCR detection of P-ramorum and the effect of DN extraction
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Uribe, P.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S106
EP S106
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401111
ER

PT J
AU Valiunas, D
   Jomantiene, R
   Staniulis, J
   Davis, RE
AF Valiunas, D.
   Jomantiene, R.
   Staniulis, J.
   Davis, R. E.
TI Evidence for a new phytoplasma taxon in diseased strawberry, Fragaria x
   ananassa
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Valiunas, D.; Jomantiene, R.; Staniulis, J.] Inst Bot, Lab Phytoviruses, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Valiunas, D.; Jomantiene, R.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401437
ER

PT J
AU Valiunas, D
   Jomantiene, R
   Davis, R
AF Valiunas, D.
   Jomantiene, R.
   Davis, R.
TI A 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris'-related phytoplasma associated with
   cherry little leaf disease represents a new subgroup, 16SrI-Q
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Jomantiene, R.] Inst Bot, Phytovirus Lab, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
   [Davis, R.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S106
EP S106
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401112
ER

PT J
AU Vallad, G
   Qin, Q
   Grube, R
   Hayes, R
   Subbarao, K
AF Vallad, G.
   Qin, Q.
   Grube, R.
   Hayes, R.
   Subbarao, K.
TI Variation in responses among select lettuce cultivars towards diverse
   isolates of V-dahliae and V-albo-atrum
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Vallad, G.; Qin, Q.; Subbarao, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Grube, R.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
   [Hayes, R.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S106
EP S107
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401113
ER

PT J
AU Walkinshaw, C
AF Walkinshaw, C.
TI Mortality of tissue cells and fungal hyphae in shortleaf pine seedlings
   inoculated with fusiform rust
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Walkinshaw, C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S108
EP S108
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401120
ER

PT J
AU Walkinshaw, CH
AF Walkinshaw, C. H.
TI Occurrence of fusiform rust in plantings of previously inoculated
   gall-free pine seedlings
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Walkinshaw, C. H.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S176
EP S176
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401544
ER

PT J
AU Walla, J
   Cheng, Z
   Guo, Y
   Knudson, M
   Dai, W
AF Walla, J.
   Cheng, Z.
   Guo, Y.
   Knudson, M.
   Dai, W.
TI Monitoring for X-disease tolerance in chokecherry (Prunus virginiana)
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Walla, J.; Guo, Y.; Dai, W.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   [Cheng, Z.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
   [Knudson, M.] NRCS Bismarck Plant Mat Ctr, USDA, Bismarck, ND USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S108
EP S108
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401121
ER

PT J
AU Wallis, CM
   Gildow, FE
   Schneider, WL
AF Wallis, C. M.
   Gildow, F. E.
   Schneider, W. L.
TI Impacts of host shifting and mode of transmission on PPV microevolution
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wallis, C. M.; Gildow, F. E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Buckhout Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Schneider, W. L.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401418
ER

PT J
AU Wamatu, J
   Chen, W
   Grunwald, N
   Kohn, L
AF Wamatu, J.
   Chen, W.
   Grunwald, N.
   Kohn, L.
TI Genetic diversity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from a single lentil field
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wamatu, J.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Grunwald, N.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR USA.
   [Kohn, L.] Univ Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S108
EP S108
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401122
ER

PT J
AU Wamishe, Y
   Jia, Y
   Ila, M
AF Wamishe, Y.
   Jia, Y.
   Ila, M.
TI Identification of blast resistance genes in rice cultivar Zhe733
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wamishe, Y.; Jia, Y.; Ila, M.] Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S108
EP S108
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401124
ER

PT J
AU Wanner, L
AF Wanner, L.
TI Diversity in Streptomycetes causing potato common scab
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wanner, L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S109
EP S109
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401130
ER

PT J
AU Ward, K
   Eggers, J
   Juzwik, J
AF Ward, K.
   Eggers, J.
   Juzwik, J.
TI Efficacy of propiconazole for preventative and therapeutic control of
   oak wilt in Minnesota
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ward, K.; Eggers, J.; Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S166
EP S166
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401482
ER

PT J
AU Wechter, P
   Kluepfel, D
AF Wechter, P.
   Kluepfel, D.
TI Global gene expression of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 during growth in the
   rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wechter, P.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
   [Kluepfel, D.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genent Res Unit, Davis, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S110
EP S110
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401133
ER

PT J
AU Weller, DM
AF Weller, D. M.
TI Pseudomonas biocontrol agents: History and future prospects
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Weller, D. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S145
EP S145
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401354
ER

PT J
AU White, D
   Chen, T
   Chen, W
AF White, D.
   Chen, T.
   Chen, W.
TI Conditions for efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated
   transformation of Ascochyta rabiei
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [White, D.; Chen, T.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S111
EP S111
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401141
ER

PT J
AU Wilson, A
   Schiff, N
   Leininger, T
   Hamel, P
   Gardiner, E
   Connor, K
   Devall, M
AF Wilson, A.
   Schiff, N.
   Leininger, T.
   Hamel, P.
   Gardiner, E.
   Connor, K.
   Devall, M.
TI Black twig borer exacerbates damage caused by Botryosphaeria stem canker
   and dieback of pondberry in the Delta National Forest of Mississippi
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wilson, A.; Schiff, N.; Leininger, T.; Hamel, P.; Gardiner, E.; Connor, K.; Devall, M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S112
EP S112
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401146
ER

PT J
AU Wilson, A
AF Wilson, A.
TI Development of a new rapid dicofol-fumigation method for the control of
   mycophagous mites in fungal cultures
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wilson, A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S112
EP S112
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401147
ER

PT J
AU Winston, E
   Jia, Y
AF Winston, E.
   Jia, Y.
TI Molecular characterization of Magnaporthe grisea avirulence AVR-Pita
   alleles in US pathotypes
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Winston, E.; Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Ric Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S112
EP S112
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401150
ER

PT J
AU Wu, T
   Chellemi, D
   Martin, K
   Graham, J
   Rosskopf, E
   Church, G
AF Wu, T.
   Chellemi, D.
   Martin, K.
   Graham, J.
   Rosskopf, E.
   Church, G.
TI Changes in soil fungal communities under alternative land management
   practices for fresh market tomato
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wu, T.; Chellemi, D.; Rosskopf, E.; Church, G.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
   [Martin, K.] Univ W Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
   [Graham, J.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S113
EP S113
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401156
ER

PT J
AU Xue, H
   Upchurch, R
AF Xue, H.
   Upchurch, R.
TI Quantification of fungal infection of soybean seed using ergosterol as
   an indicator of fungal biomass
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Xue, H.] NC State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC USA.
   [Upchurch, R.] NC State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S114
EP S115
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401163
ER

PT J
AU Yan, G
   Chen, X
AF Yan, G.
   Chen, X.
TI Molecular mapping of a recessive gene in barley for resistance to stripe
   rust
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Yan, G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   [Chen, X.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S115
EP S115
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401166
ER

PT J
AU Yandoc, C
   Rosskopf, E
   Thies, J
AF Yandoc, C.
   Rosskopf, E.
   Thies, J.
TI Reaction of root-knot nematode-resistant peppers to Phytophthora capsici
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Yandoc, C.; Rosskopf, E.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
   [Thies, J.] US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S115
EP S115
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401167
ER

PT J
AU Zambino, P
   McDonald, G
   Richardson, B
   Klopfenstein, N
   Kim, M
AF Zambino, P.
   McDonald, G.
   Richardson, B.
   Klopfenstein, N.
   Kim, M.
TI Natural infection of Pedicularis and Castilleja spp. by the white pine
   blister rust fungus Cronartium ribicola in North America
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zambino, P.; McDonald, G.; Klopfenstein, N.; Kim, M.] USDA, Forest Serv, Moscow, ID USA.
   [Richardson, B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S116
EP S116
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401173
ER

PT J
AU Zambino, PJ
   Harrington, TC
AF Zambino, P. J.
   Harrington, T. C.
TI Ceratoeystis fagacearum: Where did it come from? Clues from genetic
   diversity and relatives
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zambino, P. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA.
   [Harrington, T. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S126
EP S126
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401234
ER

PT J
AU Zasada, IA
   Meyer, SLF
   Rice, C
AF Zasada, I. A.
   Meyer, S. L. F.
   Rice, C.
TI Understanding the chemical toxicity of rye (Secale cereale) against
   Meloidogyne incognita
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zasada, I. A.; Meyer, S. L. F.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
   [Rice, C.] ARS, USDA, Environm Chem Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S160
EP S160
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401438
ER

PT J
AU Zasada, IA
AF Zasada, I. A.
TI Factors affecting the Heterodera glycines suppressiveness of N-Viro Soil
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zasada, I. A.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401419
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, S
   Schisler, D
   Boehm, M
AF Zhang, S.
   Schisler, D.
   Boehm, M.
TI Evaluation of chemical SAR inducers in combination with Cryptococcus
   nodaensis OH 182.9 for FHB control in wheat
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zhang, S.; Schisler, D.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA.
   [Zhang, S.; Boehm, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S117
EP S117
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401178
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, X
   Jin, Y
   Dykes, D
AF Zhang, X.
   Jin, Y.
   Dykes, D.
TI Kernel infection by Fusarium graminearium in spring wheat germplasm
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zhang, X.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Jin, Y.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Dykes, D.] S Dakota State Univ, Coll Pharm, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S167
EP S167
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401485
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, Y
   Sun, Q
   Davis, R
   Liu, Q
AF Zhao, Y.
   Sun, Q.
   Davis, R.
   Liu, Q.
TI New witches'-broom diseases in northern China and their association with
   diverse phytoplasmas
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zhao, Y.; Sun, Q.; Davis, R.] USDA ARS MPPL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   [Liu, Q.] Shandong Inst Pomol, Tai An, Shandong, Peoples R China.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S117
EP S118
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401182
ER

PT J
AU Zhong, S
   Szabo, L
   Jeong, J
   Mitchell, T
   Dean, R
   Cuomo, C
AF Zhong, S.
   Szabo, L.
   Jeong, J.
   Mitchell, T.
   Dean, R.
   Cuomo, C.
TI Development of full-length cDNA libraries for EST analysis of Puccinia
   graminis f. sp tritici
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zhong, S.; Szabo, L.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS CDL, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   [Jeong, J.; Mitchell, T.; Dean, R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   [Cuomo, C.] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S118
EP S118
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401183
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, E
   Jia, Y
   Lee, F
   Lin, M
   Jia, M
   Correll, J
   Cartwright, R
AF Zhou, E.
   Jia, Y.
   Lee, F.
   Lin, M.
   Jia, M.
   Correll, J.
   Cartwright, R.
TI Evidence of the instability of a telomeric Magnaporthe grisea avirulence
   gene AVR-Pita in the US
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zhou, E.] Univ Arkansas, USDA ARS, DB Nat Rice Res Ctr, RREC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
   [Correll, J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
   [Cartwright, R.] Univ Arkansas, AES, Little Rock, AR 72203 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S118
EP S118
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401184
ER

PT J
AU Zimeri, A
   Williams, L
   Riley, R
   Glenn, A
AF Zimeri, A.
   Williams, L.
   Riley, R.
   Glenn, A.
TI In planta interactions of Fusarium verticillioides with corn and
   mechanisms of fumonisin phytotoxicity
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zimeri, A.; Williams, L.; Riley, R.; Glenn, A.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S118
EP S118
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401187
ER

PT J
AU Zitomer, NC
   Geiser, DM
   Archibald, DD
   Jimenez-Gasco, MM
   O'Donnell, K
   Kuldau, GA
AF Zitomer, N. C.
   Geiser, D. M.
   Archibald, D. D.
   Jimenez-Gasco, M. M.
   O'Donnell, K.
   Kuldau, G. A.
TI The phylogenetics of fumonisin production in the Gibberella fujikuroi
   species complex
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zitomer, N. C.; Geiser, D. M.; Jimenez-Gasco, M. M.; Kuldau, G. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Archibald, D. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [O'Donnell, K.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RI Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/A-9701-2011; Geiser, David/J-9950-2013
OI Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/0000-0001-7329-0211; 
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S173
EP S173
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401524
ER

PT J
AU Zwart, D
   Jeffers, S
   Waldrop, T
   Bridges, W
AF Zwart, D.
   Jeffers, S.
   Waldrop, T.
   Bridges, W.
TI Effects of fuel reduction treatments on detection of Phytophthora spp.
   in soil in an Appalachian Mountain forest
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zwart, D.; Jeffers, S.; Bridges, W.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA.
   [Waldrop, T.] USDA, Forest Serv, Clemson, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
SU S
BP S119
EP S119
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA V44GO
UT WOS:000202991401190
ER

PT J
AU Lehrsch, GA
   Lentz, RD
   Kincaid, DC
AF Lehrsch, GA
   Lentz, RD
   Kincaid, DC
TI Polymer and sprinkler droplet energy effects on sugar beet emergence,
   soil penetration resistance, and aggregate stability
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE anticrustants; Beta wilgaris L.; crusting; soil structure; sprinkler
   irrigation; stand establishment
ID IRRIGATION SPRINKLERS; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; FURROW EROSION; INFILTRATION;
   CRUST; POLYACRYLAMIDE; RUNOFF; ACID
AB Polymers in water applied to soil surfaces may increase aggregate stability and reduce aggregate slaking, thus minimizing crusting and increasing sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) emergence. We studied a cationic organic polymer, Nalcolyte 8102, manufactured by Ondeo Nalco Co., Naperville, IL, USA. The material's active ingredient is a poly diallyldlmethyl ammonium chloride (polyDADMAC), a proprietary quaternary polyamine. Surface-applied Nalcolyte 8102 and droplet energy were evaluated in laboratory and field studies for their effects on sugar beet emergence, soil penetration resistance (PR), and aggregate stability of two sprinkler irrigated, crust-prone silt loams in Idaho, U.S.A. In the laboratory, Nalcolyte 8102 at 1.1 Mg active ingredient (a.i.) ha(-1) was applied in 74,000 L of solution ha(-1) of wetted area; 5.4 Mg a.i. ha(-1) was applied in both 50,000 and 105,000 L ha(-1); and untreated water at 49,000 L ha(-1) was applied as a control. These treatments applied a. 7 mm (7 mm(3) mm(-2)) of a 5% by volume solution, 5 mm of a 37% solution, a. 10 mm of an 18% solution, and a. 5 mm of untreated water, respectively. Later, at three field sites, Nalcolyte 8102 at 0.7 and 1.1 Mg a.i. ha(-1) were each applied in 74,000 L ha(-1) of solution (a. 7 mm of a 3 and 5% solution, respectively) by spraying at planting onto two soils, a Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid and a Xeric Haplodurid, with sugar beet planted to stand. In the laboratory, Nalcolyte 8102 at 1.1 Mg ha(-1) increased emergence 2.5-fold (32% to 80%) and reduced PR 3.5-fold (1.34 MPa to 0.39 MPa) at 22 days after planting (DAP), compared with controls. In the field, 0.7 and 1.1 Mg ha(-1) increased emergence 1.2-fold (48.4 to about 58.3%) 50 DAP and increased aggregate stability after treatment 1.4-fold (68% to 97%) one DAP and 1.2-fold (76% to about 89%) 50 DAP, relative to an untreated control that received no water.
C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
RP Lehrsch, GA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
EM Lehrsch@nwisrl.ars.usda.gov
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 273
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1007/s11104-004-7614-6
PG 13
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 944AO
UT WOS:000230397500001
ER

PT J
AU Griffin, TS
   He, Z
   Honeycutt, CW
AF Griffin, TS
   He, Z
   Honeycutt, CW
TI Manure composition affects net transformation of nitrogen from dairy
   manures
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE aerobic incubation; immobilization; manure nitrogen; mineralization;
   nitrification
ID DIFFERENT TEXTURE; ORGANIC NITROGEN; MINERALIZABLE NITROGEN; BROILER
   LITTER; ANIMAL MANURES; CATTLE MANURE; SHEEP MANURE; SOIL; CARBON;
   STORAGE
AB The plant available nitrogen (PAN) content of dairy manure is commonly calculated using concentration and availability coefficients for organic nitrogen (N) and ammonium N (NH4), but the carbon (C) fraction of the manure also influences the availability of N over time. We evaluated the interactive effect of manure C and N from nine dairy manures during a 176 days aerobic incubation. All of the manures had appreciable NH4 content, and varied widely in fibrous C. The incubation was conducted using sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid, Typic Haplorthod) and silt loam (fine, illitic, non-acid, frigid, Aeric Epiaquepts) soils at 25 degrees C and 60% water-filled pore space. There were clear differences in nitrate (NO3) accumulation over time, including manures that resulted in net nitrification and net immobilization. For both soils, the rate of nitrification at 7 and 56 days after application, and the amount of NO3 accumulated at the end of the incubation (176 days) were strongly correlated (r = -0.88) with C: NH4 and also to the ratio of neutral detergent fiber (NDF):NH4 (r = -0.90). The addition of manure C also resulted in significant net immobilization, compared to addition of mineral N fertilizer alone. These studies demonstrate that increased understanding of manure C and N interactions may lead to improved prediction of manure PAN.
C1 Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Griffin, TS (reprint author), Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM tgriffin@maine.edu
OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013
NR 31
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 8
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 273
IS 1-2
BP 29
EP 38
DI 10.1007/s11104-004-6473-5
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 944AO
UT WOS:000230397500003
ER

PT J
AU Sainju, UM
   Whitehead, WF
   Singh, BP
AF Sainju, UM
   Whitehead, WF
   Singh, BP
TI Carbon accumulation in cotton, sorghum, and underlying soil as
   influenced by tillage, cover crops, and nitrogen fertilization
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon sequestration; cotton; cover crops; nitrogen fertilization;
   sorghum; tillage
ID ROOT-DERIVED CARBON; ORGANIC-CARBON; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CONTINUOUS
   CORN; WINTER LEGUMES; C-13 ABUNDANCE; GRAIN-SORGHUM; TOMATO YIELD;
   RESIDUE; MATTER
AB Soil and crop management practices may influence biomass growth and yields of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and sequester significant amount of atmospheric CO, in plant biomass and underlying soil, thereby helping to mitigate the undesirable effects of global warming. This study examined the effects of three tillage practices [no-till (NT), strip till (ST), and chisel till (CT)],. four cover crops [legume (hairy vetch) (Vicia villosa Roth), nonlegume (rye) (Secale cereale L), hairy vetch/rye mixture, and winter weeds or no cover crop], and three N fertilization rates (0, 60-65, and 120-130 kg N ha(-1)) on the amount of C sequestered in cotton lint (lint + seed), sorghum grain. their stalks (stems + leaves) and roots, and underlying soil from 2000 to 2002 In central Georgia, USA. A field experiment was conducted on a Dothan sandy loam (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic. Plinthic Kandiudults). In 2000, C accumulation in cotton lint was greater in NT with rye or vetch/rye mixture but in stalks, it was greater in ST with vetch or vetch/rye mixture than in CT with or without cover crops. Similarly, C accumulation in lint was greater in NT with 60 kg N ha(-1) but in stalks, it was greater in ST with 60 and 120 kg N ha(-1) than in CT with 0 kg N ha(-1). In 2001, C accumulation in sorghum grains and stalks was greater in vetch and vetch/rye mixture with or without N rate than in rye without N rate. In 2002, C accumulation in cotton lint was greater in CT with or without N rate but in stalks, it was greater in ST with 60 and 120 kg N ha(-1) than in NT with or without N rate. Total C accumulation in the above- and belowground biomass in cotton ranged from 1.7 to 5.6 Mg ha(-1) and in sorghum ranged from 3.4 to 7.2 Mg ha(-1). Carbon accumulation in cotton and sorghum roots ranged from 1 to 14% of the total C accumulation in above- and belowground biomass. In NT, soil organic C at 0-10 cm depth was greater in vetch with 0 kg N ha(-1) or in vetch/rye with 120-130 kg N ha(-1) than in weeds with 0 and 60 kg N ha(-1) but at 10-30 cm, it was greater in rye with 120-130 kg N ha(-1) than in weeds with or without rate. In ST, soil organic C at 0-10 cm was greater in rye with 120-130 kg N ha(-1) than in rye, vetch, vetch/rye and weeds with 0 and 60 kg N ha(-1). Soil organic C at 0-10 and 10-30 cm was also greater in NT and ST than in CT. Since 5 to 24% of C accumulation in lint and grain were harvested, C sequestered in cotton and sorghum stalks and roots can be significant in the terrestrial ecosystem and can significantly increase C storage in the soil if these residues are left after lint or grain harvest, thereby helping to mitigate the effects of global warming. Conservation tillage, such as ST, with hairy vetch/rye mixture cover crops and 6065 kg N ha(-1) can sustain C accumulation in cotton lint and sorghum grain and increase C storage soil compared with conventional tillage, such as CT, with no cover crop and N fertilization, thereby maintaining crop yields, improving soil quality, and reducing erosion.
C1 ARS, USDA, NPARL, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
   Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA.
RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NPARL, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
EM usainju@sidney.ars.usda.gov
NR 48
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 273
IS 1-2
BP 219
EP 234
DI 10.1007/s11104-004-7611-9
PG 16
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 944AO
UT WOS:000230397500019
ER

PT J
AU Qian, CT
   Jahn, MM
   Staub, JE
   Luo, XD
   Chen, JF
AF Qian, CT
   Jahn, MM
   Staub, JE
   Luo, XD
   Chen, JF
TI Meiotic chromosome behaviour in an allotriploid derived from an
   amphidiploid x diploid mating in Cucumis
SO PLANT BREEDING
LA English
DT Article
DE Cucumis hystrix; C. hytivus; C. sativus; allotriploid; interspecific
   hybridization; meiosis
ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ALIEN ADDITION LINES; ORYCHOPHRAGMUS-VIOLACEUS;
   INTERGENERIC HYBRIDS; SATIVUS L; INTROGRESSION; CYTOGENETICS; GENES
AB A synthetic amphidiploid species Cucumis hytivus Chen & Kirkbride (2n = 4x = 38; genome designated as HHCC) has recently been created from an interspecific mating between C. sativus L. (2n = 2x = 14; genome designated as CC) and C. hystrix Chakr. (2n = 2x = 24; genome designated as HH). This amphidiploid is resistant to root knot nematode, tolerant to low irradiance, and has higher nutritional value than standard processing cucumber cultivars. An allotriploid (2n 3x = 26; HCC) was derived from a cross between C. salivus L. and C. hytivus Chen & Kirkbride. Diploid meiotic behaviour in C. sativus and C. hystrix involves the development of seven and 12 metaphase bivalents respectively. In the derived allotriploid, univalents, bivalents, and trivalents (at relatively low frequency) were observed at metaphase I indicating that some homeologues from the C and H genomes can synapse. Based on a comparative karyotype analysis of cucumber (i.e. chromosome size and pairing behaviour) and allotriploid plants, the seven bivalents observed at metaphase I were ascertained to be cucumber homologues, while the 12 univalents were of C. hystrix origin thus confirming the allotriploid karyotypic constitution to be HCC. On average, the frequency of trivalents was 0.24 at diakinesis and 0.22 in 100 meiocytes at metaphase 1, indicating the possibility of genetic exchange due to the homoeology between the C and H genomes. After simultaneous cytokinesis, only polyads were observed in pollen mother cells (PMCs) at telophase 11, which led to the production of sterile pollen grains. Multi-polarization of chromosomes was dominant at anaphase II. However, in about 20% PMCs, chromosomes separated to form a 7C + 1-2H complement, suggesting a possible method for the production of alien addition cucumber-C. hysirix lines through further backcrossing of the allotriploid to diploid cucumber.
C1 Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China.
   Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Chen, JF (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China.
EM jfchen@njau.edu.cn
RI Jahn, Molly /G-6133-2015
OI Jahn, Molly /0000-0001-8319-3300
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA KURFURSTENDAMM 58, D-10707 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0179-9541
J9 PLANT BREEDING
JI Plant Breed.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 124
IS 3
BP 272
EP 276
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01066.x
PG 5
WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
GA 937CV
UT WOS:000229903100012
ER

PT J
AU Mutlu, N
   Miklas, P
   Reiser, J
   Coyne, D
AF Mutlu, N
   Miklas, P
   Reiser, J
   Coyne, D
TI Backcross breeding for improved resistance to common bacterial blight in
   pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
SO PLANT BREEDING
LA English
DT Article
DE Phaseolus vulgaris; Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli syn. Xanthomonas
   axonopodis pv. phaseoli; marker-assisted selection; quantitative trait
   locus-resistance
ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; MOLECULAR MARKERS; MAJOR QTL; INTROGRESSION;
   TRAITS; TOMATO; LEAF
AB Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli reduces common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield and quality worldwide. Genetic resistance provides effective disease control; however, a high level of resistance is difficult to attain and does not exist in pinto bean, the most important dry bean market class in North America. Our objective was to determine if a backeross breeding approach with the aid of molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to CBB in a donor parent could be used to attain higher levels of resistance to CBB in pinto bean. QTL conditioning CBB resistance from the donor parent XAN 159 were introgressed into the recurrent parent 'Chase' using classical backcross breeding and intermittent marker-assisted selection. 'Chase' pinto bean is moderately resistant and the breeding line XAN 159 is highly resistant to Xanthomonas campestris. Marker assays confirmed the presence of independent QTL from GN no. 1 Sel 27 and XAN 159 in advanced backcross-derived pinto bean lines with improved CBB resistance. Agronomic characteristics of 'Chase' were fully recovered in the backcross-derived lines. An important QTL for CBB resistance from XAN 159 on linkage group B6 was not introgressed because tight linkage between this QTL and the dominant V allele that causes an unacceptable black-mottled seed coat colour pattern in pinto bean could not be broken.
C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68683 USA.
   USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA.
RP Mutlu, N (reprint author), Bati Akdeniz Tarimsal Arastirma Enstitusu Mudurlu, TR-07100 Antalya, Turkey.
EM nmutlu2@unl.edu
RI Mutlu, Nedim/B-9280-2016
NR 28
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 4
PU BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA KURFURSTENDAMM 58, D-10707 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0179-9541
J9 PLANT BREEDING
JI Plant Breed.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 124
IS 3
BP 282
EP 287
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01078.x
PG 6
WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
GA 937CV
UT WOS:000229903100014
ER

PT J
AU Wang, XF
   Goshe, MB
   Soderblom, EJ
   Phinney, BS
   Kuchar, JA
   Li, J
   Asami, T
   Yoshida, S
   Huber, SC
   Clouse, SD
AF Wang, XF
   Goshe, MB
   Soderblom, EJ
   Phinney, BS
   Kuchar, JA
   Li, J
   Asami, T
   Yoshida, S
   Huber, SC
   Clouse, SD
TI Identification and functional analysis of in vivo phosphorylation sites
   of the Arabidopsis BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 receptor kinase
SO PLANT CELL
LA English
DT Article
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION;
   TYROSINE KINASES; PROTEIN-KINASES; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PLANT DEVELOPMENT;
   ACTIVATION LOOP; THALIANA; DOMAIN
AB Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate multiple aspects of plant growth and development and require an active BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) and BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1) for hormone perception and signal transduction. Many animal receptor kinases exhibit ligand-dependent oligomerization followed by autophosphorylation and activation of the intracellular kinase domain. To determine if early events in BR signaling share this mechanism, we used coimmunoprecipitation of epitope-tagged proteins to show that in vivo association of BRI1 and BAK1 was affected by endogenous and exogenous BR levels and that phosphorylation of both BRI1 and BAK1 on Thr residues was BR dependent. Immunoprecipitation of epitope-tagged BRI1 from Arabidopsis thaliana followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) identified S-838, S-858, T-872, and T-880 in the juxtamembrane region, T-982 in the kinase domain, and S-1168 in C-terminal region as in vivo phosphorylation sites of BRI1. MS analysis also strongly suggested that an additional two residues in the juxtamembrane region and three sites in the activation loop of kinase subdomain VII/VIII were phosphorylated in vivo. We also identified four specific BAK1 autophosphorylation sites in vitro using LC/MS/MS. Site-directed mutagenesis of identified and predicted BRI1 phosphorylation sites revealed that the highly conserved activation loop residue T-1049 and either S-1044 or T-1045 were essential for kinase function in vitro and normal BRI1 signaling in planta. Mutations in the juxtamembrane or C-terminal regions had only small observable effects on autophosphorylation and in planta signaling but dramatically affected phosphorylation of a peptide substrate in vitro. These findings are consistent with many aspects of the animal receptor kinase model in which ligand-dependent autophosphorylation of the activation loop generates a functional kinase, whereas phosphorylation of noncatalytic intracellular domains is required for recognition and/or phosphorylation of downstream substrates.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Prote Facil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
   RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
   Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM steve_clouse@ncsu.edu
RI Phinney, Brett/S-6404-2016
OI Phinney, Brett/0000-0003-3870-3302
NR 59
TC 215
Z9 232
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA
SN 1040-4651
EI 1532-298X
J9 PLANT CELL
JI Plant Cell
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 17
IS 6
BP 1685
EP 1703
DI 10.1105/tpc.105.031393
PG 19
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
GA 931OF
UT WOS:000229493900006
PM 15894717
ER

PT J
AU Gent, DH
   Lang, JM
   Schwartz, HF
AF Gent, DH
   Lang, JM
   Schwartz, HF
TI Epiphytic survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii and X axonopodis
   pv. phaseoli on leguminous hosts and onion
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE integrated pest management; onion bacterial blight; phyllosphere;
   Xanthomonas campestris pv. allii; Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli
ID LEAF-BLIGHT; POLYPHASIC CHARACTERIZATION; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; COPPER
   RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; CAMPESTRIS; VESICATORIA; STRAINS;
   PHYLLOSPHERE; SURFACES
AB Xanthomonas leaf blight of onion (Allium cepa), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. alhi, and common bacterial blight of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, are perennial problems in the Central High Plains of the United States. Onion and dry bean are commonly grown in rotation in Colorado, but it is unknown if X. axonopodis pv. allii and X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli survive epiphytically or pathogenically on dry bean and onion, respectively. Under high humidity growth chamber conditions, epiphytic X. axonopodis pv. allii populations increased on alfalfa, chickpea, dry bean, lentil, and soybean, but the epiphytic populations were at least 10-fold greater on onion. When artificially inoculated under field conditions, epiphytic populations of X. axonopodis pv. allii were recovered from dry bean, lentil, and onion, but the bacterium did not persist on chickpea or soybean. Epiphytic X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli was recovered from symptomless onion plants in fields cropped to dry bean the prior year, but not from fields cropped to a host other than dry bean. Close rotation of onion and dry bean may allow X. axonopodis pv. alhi and X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli to persist epiphytically, and crop rotation schemes may need to be altered to reduce survival of these pathogens in onion and dry bean cropping systems.
C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Schwartz, HF (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM howard.schwartz@colostate.edu
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 558
EP 564
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0558
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300004
ER

PT J
AU Matheron, ME
   McCreight, JD
   Tickes, BR
   Porchas, M
AF Matheron, ME
   McCreight, JD
   Tickes, BR
   Porchas, M
TI Effect of planting date, cultivar, and stage of plant development on
   incidence of Fusarium wilt of lettuce in desert production fields
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID F-SP LACTUCAE; SOIL SOLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Fusarium wilt of lettuce, first recognized in Japan in 1955, has since been discovered in the United States (California in 1990, Arizona in 2001), Iran (1995), Taiwan (1998), and Italy (2001). In Arizona. the causal agent, Fusarium orysporum f. sp. lactucae, has been recovered from lettuce plants in 27 different lettuce fields during the 2001 to 2003 production seasons. Studies were initiated to examine the impact of planting date, cultivar, and stage of plant development on the incidence of disease in the field. In 2002 and 2003, tested lettuce cultivars were sown in at least one of the following planting windows; early-season (September), mid-season (October), and late-season (December). Within each planting window, significant differences in disease incidence among lettuce cultivars were noted at plant maturity. The mean incidence of Fusarium wilt on cultivars sown in September, October, and December was 92.3, 15.1, and 2.0%, respectively, in 2002 and 74.2, 5.1, and 0.7%, respectively, in 2003. The mean soil temperatures at the 10-cm depth during the September, October, and December plantings for both years were 26. 14, and 14 C, respectively. Initial symptoms of Fusarium wilt were apparent as early as 14 days after seeding, with increasing incidence of disease noted as the crop developed and reached maturity. Among all lettuce cultivars planted in September, only one and two cultivars of romaine in 2002 and 2003. respectively, reached maturity with <= 5% incidence of Fusarium wilt. whereas the lowest incidence of disease among crisphead, green leaf, red leaf, or butterhead cultivars was 73.7, 27.0, 20.2, and 65.7%, respectively, in 2002 and 62.1, 29.0, 100, and 100%. respectively, in 2003. For October plantings, all romaine cultivars had <= 5% incidence of Fusarium wilt at maturity, whereas disease incidence among tested cultivars of crisphead lettuce in 2002 and 2003 ranged from 0.8 to 66.8% and 0.3 to 43.3%, respectively. When planted in December. 82 and 88% of tested cultivars, including all romaine entries, reached maturity with <= 1% incidence of Fusarium wilt. Selection of appropriate lettuce cultivars and planting times should allow successful production of lettuce in the southwestern Arizona production region with minimal or no incidence of disease in fields infested with F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae. On the other hand, successful production of lettuce in infested fields when temperatures favor disease development will not be possible until lettuce cultivars are developed that possess high tolerance or resistance to the pathogen.
C1 Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA.
   USDA ARS, US Agr Res, Salinas, CA USA.
RP Matheron, ME (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, 6425 W 8th St, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA.
EM matheron@ag.arizona.edu
NR 17
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 565
EP 570
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0565
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300005
ER

PT J
AU Carson, ML
   Stuber, CW
   Senior, ML
AF Carson, ML
   Stuber, CW
   Senior, ML
TI Quantitative trait loci conditioning resistance to Phaeosphaeria leaf
   spot of maize caused by Phaeosphaeria maydis
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARKERS; DISEASE; GENES; MAP
AB Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS) is a potentially important disease of maize (Zea mays) that has appeared in winter breeding nurseries in southern Florida. Inbred lines related to B73 are particularly susceptible to Phaeosphaeria leaf spot, whereas inbreds related to Mo17 are highly 1 resistant. A previous study of the inheritance of resistance to Phaeosphaeria leaf spot in the cross B73 x Mo17 found that resistance is highly heritable and controlled by mostly additive gene action at three or four loci. In this study, we used 158 recombinant inbred (RI) lines derived from the cross B73 x Mo17 to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) governing resistance. The RI lines along with the parent inbred lines and the F, were evaluated for PLS resistance in replicated trials over two winter growing seasons in southern Florida. Using the composite interval mapping (CIM) function of PLABQTL software, five QTL on four different chromosomes were found to control PLS resistance in Mo17. In addition, the additive x additive interaction between two of these QTL was found to be significant. Our results are in close agreement with the previous study, where generation mean analysis was used to study the inheritance of resistance to PLS.
C1 USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Carson, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM mcarson@umn.edu
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 571
EP 574
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0571
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300006
ER

PT J
AU Groves, RL
   Chen, J
   Civerolo, EL
   Freeman, MW
   Viveros, MA
AF Groves, RL
   Chen, J
   Civerolo, EL
   Freeman, MW
   Viveros, MA
TI Spatial analysis of almond leaf scorch disease in the San Joaquin Valley
   of California: Factors affecting pathogen distribution and spread
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pierce's disease
ID XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA STRAINS; PIERCES-DISEASE; 16S RDNA; VECTORS;
   TRANSMISSION; CICADELLIDAE; PATTERNS; PLANTS; PATHOTYPES; HOMOPTERA
AB Almond leaf scorch (ALS) disease has emerged as a serious threat to almond (Prunus amygdalus) production areas throughout California's San Joaquin Valley. This disease is caused by the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, and this pathogen is transmitted by xylophagotts insects including sharpshooter leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Among four orchards surveyed, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and bacterial isolation followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were equally effective in detecting X. fastidiosa from ALS-symptomatic trees. Disease incidence varied among almond cultivars in each orchard, with the highest mean incidence and most severe symptoms frequently encountered in 'Sonora'. X. fastidiosa isolates consisted of mixtures of grape or "G-genotype" and almond or "A-genotype" strains present in surveyed orchards. The X. fastidiosa G-genotypes characterized from each orchard were associated with the most severely affected 'Sonora' trees in three of the four orchards. Both ordinary runs and simple randomization analyses revealed aggregations of ALS in three of the four orchards. Clusters of ALS-affected trees frequently occurred in the outermost orchard rows. Plots of semivariance in ALS incidence over distance varied in shape and magnitude among cultivars. Setnivariance increased over distance in 'Sonora' and 'Carmel', indicating spatial dependence or aggregations of incidence best fit by a combination of spherical and linear models. These results document both random and aggregate patterns of ALS spatial distribution in selected orchards and further illustrate how cultivar susceptibility influences the distribution patterns of ALS incidence. Following the recent introduction and establishment of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca Coagulata, the impact upon the epidemiology and spread of ALS is unknown.
C1 USDA ARS, SJVASC, EIDP, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
   Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93702 USA.
   Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Bakersfield, CA 93307 USA.
RP Groves, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SJVASC, EIDP, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
EM rgroves@fresno.ars.usda.gov
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 581
EP 589
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0581
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300008
ER

PT J
AU Belasque, J
   Parra-Pedrazzoli, AL
   Neto, JR
   Yamamoto, PT
   Chagas, MCM
   Parra, JRP
   Vinyard, BT
   Hartung, JS
AF Belasque, J
   Parra-Pedrazzoli, AL
   Neto, JR
   Yamamoto, PT
   Chagas, MCM
   Parra, JRP
   Vinyard, BT
   Hartung, JS
TI Adult citrus leadminers (Phyllocnistis citrella) are not efficient
   vectors for Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID BACTERIAL SPOT; CANKER; FLORIDA; ERADICATION; CAMPESTRIS; ARGENTINA;
   STRAINS; SPREAD
AB Interest in the interaction between the citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella) and citrus bacterial canker, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, has increased as a greater incidence and severity of canker-diseased plants was observed in groves infested with the citrus leafminer. To determine whether adults of the citrus leafminer could act as vectors of citrus canker, we investigated two potential mechanisms for direct spread by leafminer adults using experimental microcosms. First, adult leafminers were raised on canker-infected foliage and were allowed to mate and lay eggs on healthy plants. These plants then were observed for development of citrus canker symptoms. In a second set of experiments, adults raised on healthy plants were given free access to canker-diseased plants during the period in which they mated and laid eggs on healthy plants. In all, 3,119 mines were produced by developing larvae on a total of 2,384 leaves examined for citrus canker symptoms. No symptoms of citrus bacterial canker disease were observed on any of the healthy test plants in 37 independent experimental trials conducted to test these two potential mechanisms of spread of citrus canker, and the pathogen was not recovered from insects exposed to symptomatic Rangpur lime plants. The upper limit on the rate of transmission was estimated to be less than 0.2% per oviposition event based on the binomial probability distribution. However, when adult P. citrella insects were artificially contaminated with high levels of X. axonopodis pv. citri, transmission to Rangpur lime plants with the induction of citrus canker was observed. This suggests that the ability of P. citrella to transmit X. axonopodis pv. citri is limited by the rate at which it can acquire inoculum from infected plants. The results support the conclusion that adult citrus leafminers are not efficient vectors for citrus canker bacteria, and the disease is unlikely to be spread this way.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Fundo Defesa Citricultura Fundecitrus, BR-14901870 Araraquara, Brazil.
   Dept Entomol Fitopatol & Zool Agricola, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, Brazil.
   Inst Biol, Lab Bacteriol Vegetal, BR-13001970 Campinas, Brazil.
   EMPARN, EMBRAPA, BR-59020390 Natal, RN, Brazil.
RP Hartung, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM hartungj@ba.ars.usda.gov
RI Yamamoto, Pedro/C-5069-2012; Parra, Jose Roberto Postali/D-9282-2012;
   Belasque, Jose/B-7753-2015
OI Yamamoto, Pedro/0000-0001-8993-371X; Belasque, Jose/0000-0001-6059-2173
NR 28
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 590
EP 594
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0590
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300009
ER

PT J
AU Gent, DH
   Schwartz, HF
AF Gent, DH
   Schwartz, HF
TI Management of Xanthomonas leaf blight of onion with a plant activator,
   biological control agents, and copper bactericides
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial leaf blight; Erwinia herbicola; integrated pest management;
   onion bacterial blight; Xanthomonas campestris pv. allii
ID ACIBENZOLAR-S-METHYL; CAMPESTRIS PV-VESICATORIA; SYSTEMIC
   ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; POLYPHASIC CHARACTERIZATION; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT;
   ALTERNARIA-SOLANI; CROSS-TALK; TOMATO; INDUCTION; PATHWAYS
AB Xanthomonas leaf blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii) is a yield-limiting disease of onion (Allium cepa) in the western United States. Frequent applications of copper-based bactericides amended with an ethylenebisdithiocarbamate fungicide (e.g., maneb or mancozeb, class B2 carcinogens) provide some disease suppression, but strategies to reduce conventional bactericide use are needed to minimize grower costs, environmental impact, and public exposure to class B2 pesticides. Applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl reduced in planta and epiphytic populations of X. axonopodis pv. alii as effectively as applications of copper hydroxide-mancozeb in growth chamber studies. Under field conditions, four weekly applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl reduced severity of Xanthomonas leaf blight as or more effectively than 9 to 12 weekly applications of copper hydroxide or copper hydroxide-mancozeb. Acibenzolar-S-methyl applications did not increase bulb yield or grade compared with copper bactericide treatments. However, bulb yield was reduced 22 to 27% when 10 weekly applications of acibenzolar-S-methyl were made in the absence of disease. Application of a commercial formulation of both Pantoea agglomerans strain C9-1 and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 reduced severity of Xanthomonas leaf blight in field experiments. Weekly copper hydroxide applications starting 1 to 2 weeks before bulb initiation were as effective as weekly applications started 3 to 4 weeks before bulb initiation, irrespective of the maneb rate used. Integration of acibenzolar-S-methyl and biological control agents with copper hydroxide in a carefully timed spray program may eliminate the use of the class B2 carcinogens maneb and mancozeb on onion without compromising efficacy for management of Xanthomonas leaf blight.
C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Schwartz, HF (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Howard.Schwartz@ColoState.edu
NR 40
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 631
EP 639
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0631
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300015
ER

PT J
AU Smilanick, JL
   Mansour, MF
   Margosan, DA
   Gabler, FM
   Goodwine, WR
AF Smilanick, JL
   Mansour, MF
   Margosan, DA
   Gabler, FM
   Goodwine, WR
TI Influence of pH and NaHCO3 on effectiveness of imazalil to inhibit
   germination of Penicillium digitatum and to control postharvest green
   mold on citrus fruit
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID ABC TRANSPORTER GENE; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; HOT-WATER; SCLEROTIUM-ROLFSII;
   CARBONATE; ITALICUM; ORANGES; CALIFORNIA; RESISTANCE; MECHANISM
AB In vitro, spores of Penicillium digitatum germinated without inhibition between pH 4 and 7, but were inhibited at higher pH. Estimated concentrations of imazalil (IMZ) in potato-dextrose broth-Tris that caused 50% reduction in the germination of spores (ED50) of an IMZ-sensitive isolate M6R at pH 4, 5, 6, and 7 were 0.16, 0.11, 0.015, and 0.006 mu g/ml, respectively. ED50 IMZ concentrations of an IMZ-resistant isolate D201 at pH 4, 5, 6, and 7 were 5.9, 1.4, 0.26, and 0.07 mu g/ml, respectively. The natural pH within 2-mm-deep wounds on lemon was 5.6 to 5.1 and decreased with fruit age. IMZ effectiveness to control green mold and its residues increased with pH. The pH in wounds on lemon fruit 24 h after immersion in I, 2, or 3% NaHCO3 increased from pH 5.3 to 6.0, 6.3, and 6.7, respectively. NaHCO3 dramatically improved IMZ performance. Green mold incidence among lemon fruit inoculated with M6R and treated 24 h later with IMZ at 10 mu g/ml, 1% NaHCO3, or their combination was 92, 55, and 22%, respectively. Green mold among lemon fruit inoculated with D201 and treated 24 h later with water, IMZ at 500 mu g/ml, 3% NaHCO3, or their combination was 96.3, 63.0, 44.4, and 6.5%, respectively. NaHCO3 did not influence IMZ fruit residue levels.
C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
   Janssen Pharmaceut Inc, Titusville, NJ 08560 USA.
RP Smilanick, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA.
EM jsmilanick@fresno.ars.usda.gov
NR 43
TC 79
Z9 88
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 640
EP 648
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0640
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300016
ER

PT J
AU Tzanetakis, IE
   Postman, JD
   Martin, RR
AF Tzanetakis, IE
   Postman, JD
   Martin, RR
TI A member of the Closteroviridae from mint with similarities to all three
   genera of the family
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETE GENOME STRUCTURE; RNA VIRUSES; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION;
   SEQUENCES; ALIGNMENT; MOVEMENT; HOMOLOG; DISEASE
AB Mentha x gracilis 'Variegata', described more than 200 years ago, is still being used as an ornamental. The bright vein-banding symptoms that confer the ornamental value to 'Variegata' clones are graft transmissible and can be eliminated after heat therapy and apical meristem culture. This observation led us to investigate the possibility that symptoms are virus-induced. Double-stranded RNA extracted from a 'Variegata' clone was cloned. One of the viruses identified was a member of the Closteroviridae family. This virus, designated Mint vein-banding associated virus, shares sequence similarities with all three genera of the family, making it an important link among the genera of the Closteroviridae. A detection protocol has been developed that readily detects the virus in other mint clones that exhibit vein-banding symptoms.
C1 USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Ctr Gene Res & Biotechnol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Martin, RR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM martinrr@science.oregonstate.edu
RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 654
EP 658
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0654
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300018
ER

PT J
AU Hartman, GL
   Miles, MR
   Frederick, RD
AF Hartman, GL
   Miles, MR
   Frederick, RD
TI Breeding for resistance to soybean rust
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; INHERITANCE
AB Soybean rust occurs in all major soybean-growing regions of the world including the North American mainland. Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the most destructive foliar disease of soybean, and yield losses of over 50 % are common when environmental conditions are conducive for disease development. Heavily infected plants defoliate and mature more rapidly than plants not infected with rust. P. pachyrhizi has a broad host range and can infect many other legumes including some native to Australia. A number of physiological races of the fungus have been reported on these native legumes from Australia and on soybean. In addition, four single genes for rust resistance were previously identified in four different soybean plant introductions. These sources of resistance also have been reported to be susceptible in some field locations and when challenged with certain isolates of P. pachyrhizi. Partial resistance, expressed as reduced pustule number and increased length of latent period, has also been reported but has not been widely used in breeding programs. Yield stability has been used in the past and compares percentage of yields in fungicide and nonfungicide plots. Cultivars or lines with a higher percentage of yield have greater yield stability in the presence of rust. Although soybean rust only recently was found in the continental United States, a proactive project to evaluate the USDA soybean germ plasm collection for rust resistance was initiated in 2002 at the Fort Detrick plant biocontainment facility and at six international locations. Part of this project is to discover soybean lines with greater yield stability, and additional single and partial resistance. To help minimize the impact of soybean rust, the first line of defense will be fungicides, with host resistance and yield stability augmenting the long-term management of soybean rust.
C1 Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Frederick, MD USA.
RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM ghartman@uiuc.edu
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010
NR 26
TC 79
Z9 82
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 664
EP 666
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0664
PG 3
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300021
ER

PT J
AU Yorinori, JT
   Paiva, WM
   Frederick, RD
   Costamilan, LM
   Bertagnolli, PF
   Hartman, GE
   Godoy, CV
   Nunes, J
AF Yorinori, JT
   Paiva, WM
   Frederick, RD
   Costamilan, LM
   Bertagnolli, PF
   Hartman, GE
   Godoy, CV
   Nunes, J
TI Epidemics of soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) in Brazil and Paraguay
   from 2001 to 2003
SO PLANT DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
AB In 5 March 2001, a severe rust outbreak was recorded at Pitapo, Paraguay, and the causal organism was determined to be Phakopsora pachyrhizi using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis. In May, rust surveys showed spread throughout most of Paraguay and into western and northern Parana. Brazil. In the 2001-02 season, rust was widespread in Paraguay, but losses were reduced clue to severe drought; however, in Brazil it spread to more than 60 % of the soybean acreage, causing field losses estimated at 0.1 million metric tons (MMT). In 2003, the disease was observed in more than 90 % of the fields in Brazil, and the projected losses in Mato Grosso and Bahia alone are 2.2 MMT (US$487.3 million). Approximately 80 % of the soybean acreage in Brazil was sprayed twice with fungicides at the cost of US$544 million. Differences in efficacy have been observed among the commercial strobilurin and triazol fungicides.
C1 Embrapa Soja, BR-86001970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
   CRIA, Capitan Miranda, Paraguay.
   USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
   Embrapa Trigo, BR-99001970 Passo Fundo, Brazil.
   Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   CTPA, Goiania, Go, Brazil.
RP Yorinori, JT (reprint author), Embrapa Soja, BR-86001970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
EM tadashi@cnpso.embrapa.br
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010; Godoy, Claudia/E-3792-2013
NR 10
TC 160
Z9 179
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0191-2917
J9 PLANT DIS
JI PLANT DIS.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 6
BP 675
EP 677
DI 10.1094/PD-89-0675
PG 3
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 928AK
UT WOS:000229243300024
ER

PT J
AU Galis, I
   Bilyeu, K
   Wood, G
   Jameson, PE
AF Galis, I
   Bilyeu, K
   Wood, G
   Jameson, PE
TI Rhodococcus fascians: Shoot proliferation without elevated cytokinins?
SO PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE cytokinin; cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase; cytokinin synthase; ipt;
   plant pathogen interactions; Rhodococcus fascians
ID CORYNEBACTERIUM-FASCIANS; ERWINIA-HERBICOLA; VIRULENT-STRAINS;
   PSEUDOMONAS; OXIDASE; PLANTS; GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS; SAVASTANOI; EXPRESSION
AB In order to determine whether the disease symptoms caused by virulent strains of Rhodococcus fascians are due to increased cytokinin activity in infected tissues, germinating peas (Pisum sativum cv Novella) were inoculated with either a virulent strain or a nonvirulent strain of Rhodococcus fascians. The nonvirulent strain lacked both the ipt gene and the putative cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase homologue, fas5. Control peas were not inoculated. Twelve cytokinins were isolated from pea shoots 3, 6 and 9 days post-inoculation. Within 6 days of inoculation the levels of cytokinin free bases, ribosides, O-glucosides and nucleotides were decreased in shoots inoculated with the virulent strain, and were increased in shoots inoculated with the nonvirulent strain relative to the uninoculated control. The results are discussed with respect to the classic Skoog and Miller (1965) model of organogenesis and to the possible involvement of the plant cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase during infection by virulent strains of R. fascians.
C1 Massey Univ, Coll Sci, Inst Mol Biosci, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
   RIKEN, Plant Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan.
   Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
RP Jameson, PE (reprint author), Massey Univ, Coll Sci, Inst Mol Biosci, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
EM paula.jameson@canterbury.ac.nz
RI Galis, Ivan/F-5734-2011
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6903
J9 PLANT GROWTH REGUL
JI Plant Growth Regul.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 46
IS 2
BP 109
EP 115
DI 10.1007/s10725-005-7752-8
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 955RJ
UT WOS:000231244600002
ER

PT J
AU Law, RD
   Suttle, JC
AF Law, RD
   Suttle, JC
TI Chromatin remodeling in plant cell culture: patterns of DNA methylation
   and histone H3 and H4 acetylation vary during growth of asynchronous
   potato cell suspensions
SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA cytosine methylation; histone acetylation; Solarium tuberosum L.
   (potato) cell suspension cultures; trichostatin A; 5-azacytidine
ID APICAL MERISTEMS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NUCLEOLAR DOMINANCE; CPNPG
   METHYLATION; DORMANCY; GENE; TRANSCRIPTION; PROGRESSION; TUBERS; MARK
AB Changes in DNA cytosine methylation and core histone multi-acetylation were determined in cell suspension cultures of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Russet Burbank) during 15 days of in vitro culture. Cell subculture induced a transient 33% decrease in genome-wide 5-methylcytosine (5mC) content and a transient threefold increase in transcription rates that were most evident at 6 and 9 days after subculture, respectively. In contrast to the global reduction in 5mC content, subculture resulted in a transient twofold increase in 5mC levels within 5'-CCGG-3' sequences and no detectable change in 5'-CG-3' methylation. Multi-acetylation of histones H3.1, H3.2 and H4 rose 2-, 1.5- and 3-fold by 9, 9 and 12 days after subculture, respectively. All observed epigenetic changes were reset during aging of cell cultures. Inclusion of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) and/or the cytosine methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5AC) in culture sequentially decreased genome-wide 5mC levels by similar to 25% at day 9, then decreased 5'-(m)C(m)CGG-3' by 30-50% and increased H3 and H4 multi-acetylation by 30-60% at day 15, compared to controls. Treatment with 5AC or TSA alone or in combination had no effect on RNA synthesis at day 9. At day 15, 5AC treatment remained ineffective, while de novo RNA synthesis was approximately twofold higher in cells grown in both inhibitors or in TSA alone. Collectively, these results demonstrate that in potato suspension cultures, rapid, reversible changes in 5mC levels precede regulatory post-translational acetylation of core histones, and suggest that interactions between these epigenetic processes appear to be necessary to power transcription and growth induction in potato cells. (c) 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Suttle, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677,State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM suttlej@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0981-9428
J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH
JI Plant Physiol. Biochem.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 6
BP 527
EP 534
DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2005.03.014
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 951YR
UT WOS:000230968800004
PM 15922608
ER

PT J
AU Bailey, BA
   Bae, H
   Strem, MD
   de Mayolo, GA
   Guiltinan, MJ
   Verica, JA
   Maximova, SN
   Bowers, JH
AF Bailey, BA
   Bae, H
   Strem, MD
   de Mayolo, GA
   Guiltinan, MJ
   Verica, JA
   Maximova, SN
   Bowers, JH
TI Developmental expression of stress response genes in Theobroma cacao
   leaves and their response to Nep1 treatment and a compatible infection
   by Phytophthora megakarya
SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE cacao; developmental expression; Nep1; Phytophthora megakarya; plant
   defense; susceptibility; Theobroma cacao
ID WRKY TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; DEFENSE RESPONSES; PLANT
   DEFENSE; NECROTROPHIC PATHOGEN; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN;
   RESISTANCE; TOBACCO
AB Developmental expression of stress response genes in Theobroma cacao leaves and their response to Nep1 and a compatible infection by Phytophthora megakarya were studied. Ten genes were selected to represent genes involved in defense (TcCaf-1, TcGlu1,3, TcChiB, TcCou-1, and TcPer-1), gene regulation (TcWRKY-1 and TcORFX-1), cell wall development (TcCou-1, TcPer-1, and TcGlu-1), or energy production (TcLhca-1 and TcrbcS). Leaf development was separated into unexpanded (UE), young red (YR), immature green (IG), and mature green (MG). Our data indicates that the constitutive defense mechanisms used by cacao leaves differ between different developmental stages. TcWRKY-1 and TcChiB were highly expressed in MG leaves, and TcPer-1, TcGlu-1, and TcCou-1 were highly expressed in YR leaves. TcGlu1,3 was highly expressed in UE and YR leaves, TcCaf-1 was highly expressed in UE leaves, and TcLhca-1 and TcrbcS were highly expressed in IG and MG leaves. NEP1 encodes the necrosis inducing protein Nep1 produced by Fusarium oxysporum and has orthologs in Phytophthora species. Nep1 caused cellular necrosis on MG leaves and young pods within 24 h of application. Necrosis was observed on YR leaves 10 days after treatment. Expression of TcWRKY-1, TcORFX-1, TcPer-1, and TcGlu-1 was enhanced and TcLhca-1 and TcrbcS were repressed in MG leaves after Nep1 treatment. Expression of TcWRKY-1 and TcORFX-1 was enhanced in YR leaves after Nep1 treatment. Infection of MG leaf disks by P. megakarya zoospores enhanced expression of TcGlu-1, TcWRKY-1, and TcPer-1 and repressed expression of TcChiB, TcLhca-1 and TcrbcS. Five of the six genes that were responsive to Nep1 were responsive to infection by P. megakarya. Susceptibility of T. cacao to P. megakatya includes altered plant gene expression and phytotoxic molecules like Nep1 may contribute to susceptibility. Published by Elsevier SAS.
C1 USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Penn State Univ, Wartik Lab 306, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Bailey, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Room 342,Bldg 001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM baileyb@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 56
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0981-9428
J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH
JI Plant Physiol. Biochem.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 6
BP 611
EP 622
DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2005.04.006
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 951YR
UT WOS:000230968800013
PM 15979314
ER

PT J
AU Bolek, Y
   El-Zik, KM
   Pepper, AE
   Bell, AA
   Magill, CW
   Thaxton, PM
   Reddy, OUK
AF Bolek, Y
   El-Zik, KM
   Pepper, AE
   Bell, AA
   Magill, CW
   Thaxton, PM
   Reddy, OUK
TI Mapping of verticillium wilt resistance genes in cotton
SO PLANT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bulk; segregant analysis; cotton; microsatellites; quantitative trait
   loci; Verticillium wilt
ID X GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE; UNDERLYING QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; MICROSATELLITE
   LOCI; POLYPLOID FORMATION; PLANT GENOMES; LINKAGE MAPS; QTL ANALYSIS;
   ALBO-ATRUM; HIRSUTUM; MARKERS
AB Cotton quality and yield are affected by several factors during the growing season. A soil inhabiting fungus, Verticillium dahliae Kleb., can cause substantial yield loss in cotton. A molecular mapping F-2 population derived from the interspecific cross of the highly tolerant Gossypium barbadense cv. Pima S-7 and the susceptible G. hirsutum cv. Acala 44 was phenotyped for disease incidence and severity. Phenotyping of individual plant reactions to the disease was quantified using a set of growth parameters measured 3 weeks after inoculation. The F-2 phenotypic distribution of these parameters (number of healthy leaves, node number, leaf weight, stem weight, and total shoot weight) suggested that resistance is polygenic inherited. Microsatellites were used to reveal polymorphism between resistant and susceptible parents. A total of 255 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs were screened over bulks constituted by 10 resistant and 10 susceptible progeny. Sixty markers were used to analyze quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Eleven linkage groups were constructed consisting of 35 markers and spanning 531 cM with an average distance of 15.17 cM. QTL analysis was performed with MapQTL and QTL Cartographer. MapQTL indicated that 15 markers have significant linkage associations and 9 were distributed to chromosomes 10, 11, 12, and 25. Interval mapping also indicated the most likely position of markers that are significant and located on linkage groups. Three loci (CM 12, STS1, 3147-2) had large effect on resistance to Verticillium wilt. Two loci were located on LG-1 and one on LG-2 and both linkage groups are located on chromosome 11. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Field Crops Dept, TR-46100 Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
   Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
   Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   W Virginia State Coll, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA.
RP Bolek, Y (reprint author), Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Field Crops Dept, TR-46100 Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
EM yuksel@ksu.edu.tr
NR 55
TC 51
Z9 68
U1 2
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
   IRELAND
SN 0168-9452
J9 PLANT SCI
JI Plant Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 168
IS 6
BP 1581
EP 1590
DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.02.008
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
GA 931PL
UT WOS:000229497200022
ER

PT J
AU Wei, H
   Dhanaraj, AL
   Rowland, LJ
   Fu, Y
   Krebs, SL
   Arora, R
AF Wei, H
   Dhanaraj, AL
   Rowland, LJ
   Fu, Y
   Krebs, SL
   Arora, R
TI Comparative analysis of expressed sequence tags from cold-acclimated and
   non-acclimated leaves of Rhododendron catawbiense Michx
SO PLANTA
LA English
DT Article
DE cold hardiness; early light-induced protein; expressed sequence tag;
   genomics; late embryogenesis abundant protein; Rhododendron
ID WOOD-FORMING TISSUES; GENE-EXPRESSION; FREEZING-TOLERANCE;
   PHOTOOXIDATIVE STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BETULA-PUBESCENS; 25-KDA
   DEHYDRIN; LOBLOLLY-PINE; PROTEINS; LIGHT
AB An expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis approach was undertaken to identify major genes involved in cold acclimation of Rhododendron, a broad-leaf, woody evergreen species. Two cDNA libraries were constructed, one from winter-collected (cold-acclimated, CA; leaf freezing tolerance -53 degrees C) leaves, and the other from summer-collected (non-acclimated, NA; leaf freezing tolerance -7 degrees C) leaves of field-grown Rhododendron catawbiense plants. A total of 862 5'-end high-quality ESTs were generated by sequencing cDNA clones from the two libraries (423 from CA and 439 from NA library). Only about 6.3% of assembled unique transcripts were shared between the libraries, suggesting remarkable differences in gene expression between CA and NA leaves. Analysis of the relative frequency at which specific cDNAs were picked from each library indicated that four genes or gene families were highly abundant in the CA library including early light-induced proteins (ELIP), dehydrins/late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEA), cytochrome P450, and beta-amylase. Similarly, seven genes or gene families were highly abundant in the NA library and included chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, plastidic aldolase, and serine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, among others. Northern blot analyses for seven selected abundant genes confirmed their preferential expression in either CA or NA leaf tissues. Our results suggest that osmotic regulation, desiccation tolerance, photoinhibition tolerance, and photosynthesis adjustment are some of the key components of cold adaptation in Rhododendron.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet & Dev & Cellular Biol, Interdept Genet Grad Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   David G Leach Res Stn Holden Arboretum, Mentor, OH 44094 USA.
RP Arora, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM rarora@iastate.edu
NR 59
TC 47
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0032-0935
J9 PLANTA
JI Planta
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 221
IS 3
BP 406
EP 416
DI 10.1007/s00425-004-1440-1
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 932UK
UT WOS:000229578800011
PM 15933892
ER

PT J
AU Conway, WS
   Leverentz, B
   Janisiewicz, WJ
   Saftner, RA
   Camp, MJ
AF Conway, WS
   Leverentz, B
   Janisiewicz, WJ
   Saftner, RA
   Camp, MJ
TI Improving biocontrol using antagonist mixtures with heat and/or sodium
   bicarbonate to control postharvest decay of apple fruit
SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological control; Cryptococcus laurentii; Metschnikowia pulcherrima
ID GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; BLUE MOLD; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM;
   BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; GRAY MOLD; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE;
   INTEGRATING HEAT; GALA APPLES; HOT-WATER
AB 'Golden Delicious' apples were wound-inoculated with either Colletotrichum acutatum or Penicillium expansum and then treated with various combinations of heat (38 degrees C) for 4 days, 2% sodium bicarbonate, and two biocontrol agents alone or combined. The fruit were stored for 4 months at 1 degrees C and then at 20 degrees C for 2 weeks. Either heat or the antagonists reduced decay caused by C. acutatum, but a combination of the two was required to completely eliminate decay caused by this pathogen in most cases. Sodium bicarbonate alone or in combination with the antagonists had little effect on C. acutatum. The antagonists alone reduced decay caused by R expansum but tended to be more effective when combined. Sodium bicarbonate increased the effectiveness of decay control by each antagonist alone or in combination. All of the treatments that included heat virtually eliminated decay caused by this pathogen. The proper combination of alternative control measures can provide an effective strategy to reduce postharvest decay of apple fruit. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   USDA, Agr Res Serv, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   USDA, Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Conway, WS (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM conwayw@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 38
TC 36
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-5214
J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC
JI Postharvest Biol. Technol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 3
BP 235
EP 244
DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.01.006
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 936PV
UT WOS:000229868800002
ER

PT J
AU Throop, JA
   Aneshansley, DJ
   Anger, WC
   Peterson, DL
AF Throop, JA
   Aneshansley, DJ
   Anger, WC
   Peterson, DL
TI Quality evaluation of apples based on surface defects: development of an
   automated inspection system
SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE apples; apple grading; automated inspection; apple sorting; defects;
   defect detection
ID PERFORMANCE; FRUIT; STEM
AB The development of an automated inspection station to grade processing apples includes a conveyor for apple orientation, optics and camera to capture identical images at three predetermined wavebands, a lighting system that illuminates the apple's surface diffusely and image processing algorithms to segment surface defects on apples in real time.
   The conveyor oriented apples so that the stem/calyx ends were not visible during image capture. Multi-spectral optics fabricated using a multi-vision linear filter mounted in front of the camera lens provided three different waveband (740, 950 nm and visible) images of apples on a single camera array. Interference filters placed in the optical path provided the different wavebands.
   The diameter and height of each apple was measured to estimate the apple's volume. These dimensions and the position of the apple in the image allowed a portion of each image to be defined, the so-called region of interest (ROI). These sub-images made a composite image of the apple's surface. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Throop, JA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jat12@cornell.edu
NR 18
TC 42
Z9 52
U1 5
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-5214
J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC
JI Postharvest Biol. Technol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 3
BP 281
EP 290
DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.01.004
PG 10
WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 936PV
UT WOS:000229868800007
ER

PT J
AU Proudman, JA
   Siopes, TD
AF Proudman, JA
   Siopes, TD
TI Thyroid hormone and prolactin profiles in male and female turkeys
   following photostimulation
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE prolactin; thyroxine; triiodothyronine; turkey; photorefractoriness
ID AMERICAN TREE SPARROWS; REPRODUCTIVE PHOTOREFRACTORINESS;
   MELEAGRIS-GALLOPAVO; STURNUS-VULGARIS; BROILER-CHICKENS; LIGHT; BIRDS;
   CYCLE; PHOTOPERIODS; SEASONALITY
AB The turkey hen, a photosensitive bird, will become photorefractory (PR) during the reproductive cycle and will cease laying despite a stimulatory day length. This response is thought to be "programmed" by hormonal events early in the reproductive cycle. The turkey tom, in contrast, produces semen for extended periods and has not been shown to exhibit PR. We compared hormone profiles following photostimulation of hens and toms to assess differences that might program one, but not the other, for PR. We photostimulated with 16 h light per day and measured plasma prolactin (PRL), thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) weekly for 12 wk, and again at 16 and 22 wk. Hens were fed ad libitum, and toms were moderately feed-restricted. Results showed increasing PRL levels following photostimulation in hens, with peak levels occurring at about the time of peak egg production, and declining thereafter. Toms maintained significantly lower concentrations of PRL (P &LT; 0.0001) than hens after 2 wk of photostimulation. A highly significant sex by time interaction in plasma T3 levels was observed due to extreme fluctuations in males. Similar, often reciprocal, fluctuations in mean T4 concentrations also occurred in males. We recycled the toms and repeated blood collections under identical conditions, but with ad libitum feeding to determine if feed restriction may have produced these unusual results. This study revealed an initial significant decline in plasma T3 levels and an increase in T4 levels immediately following photostimulation, and then steady (T4) or slowly rising (T3) levels through 12 wk photostimulation. We conclude that PRL profiles of toms and hens differ markedly during the reproductive cycle, lending support to the suggestion that rising PRL may mediate the onset of PR. Further study is needed to determine if the low plasma T3 levels in males may be related to delayed PR. The extreme fluctuations in plasma T3 and T4 levels of toms receiving relatively mild feed restriction suggest a need for further study of the metabolic effects of feed restriction in turkeys.
C1 USDA ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Proudman, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM JohnP@anri.barc.usda.gov
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 84
IS 6
BP 942
EP 946
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 926NS
UT WOS:000229130500018
PM 15971534
ER

PT J
AU Sarjeant, KC
   Williams, SK
   Hinton, A
AF Sarjeant, KC
   Williams, SK
   Hinton, A
TI The effect of electron beam irradiation on the survival of Salmonella
   enterica serovar typhimurium and psychrotrophic bacteria on raw chicken
   breasts stored at four degrees celsius for fourteen days
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE chicken breast meat; irradiation; psychrotroph; Salmonella
ID QUALITY; MEAT
AB The effect of high-energy electron beam irradiation on the survival of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and psychrotrophic bacteria on commercial chicken breast meat was evaluated. Fresh chicken breast meat was purchased from a local poultry processor, inoculated with 8 log(10) cfu/mL Salmonella, packaged in Styrofoam trays and over wrapped with a polyvinyl chloride film, and subjected to 0, 1, 2, or 3 kGy of irradiation. The packaged samples were stored at 4&DEG; C and analyzed for Salmonella Typhimurium and psychrotrophic organisms at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10,12, and 14 d of storage. Direct plating and enrichment methods were used for S.Typhimurium analyses. The direct plating method revealed a 4 log reduction in Salmonella for chicken breasts inoculated and treated with 1, 2, or 3 kGy of irradiation. Psychrotrophic counts were conducted at 7&DEG; C for 10 d and 25&DEG; C for 5 d to determine the effect of incubation methods on the recovery of psychrotrophic organisms. The enrichment method resulted in the repair of injured Salmonella cells and an elevated Salmonella Typhimurium count for all irradiation dosages when compared with data reported for the direct plating method. In general, psychrotrophic counts increased as storage time increased. However, psychrotrophic counts decreased (P &LT; 0.05) as the irradiation dosage increased.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Williams, SK (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM williams@animal.ufl.edu
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 9
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 84
IS 6
BP 955
EP 958
PG 4
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 926NS
UT WOS:000229130500021
PM 15971537
ER

PT J
AU Dozier, WA
   Lott, BD
   Branton, SL
AF Dozier, WA
   Lott, BD
   Branton, SL
TI Growth responses of male broilers subjected to increasing air velocities
   at high ambient temperatures and a high dew point
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE broiler; air velocity; high temperature; heat removal
ID PERFORMANCE
AB This study examined live performance responses of male broilers to increasing air velocity of 120 and 180 m/min reared under high cyclic temperatures (25-35-25&DEG; C) with a 23&DEG; C dew point from 21 to 49 d. Birds were reared in an environmental facility containing 2 wind tunnels (4 pens/tunnel) and 6 floor pens (control). At 21 d, 53 birds were placed in each pen of the wind tunnels and control group, respectively, and growth performance was determined weekly. Increasing air velocity from 120 to 180 m/min improved BW and BW gain from 29 to 35, 36 to 42, and 43 to 49 d of age leading to a cumulative advantage of 287 g in BW gain and a 10-point difference in feed conversion from 21 to 49 d of age. Subjecting birds to air velocity improved growth rate, feed consumption, and feed conversion at each weekly interval from 28 to 49 d over the control birds. These results indicate that male broilers approximating 2.0 to 3.0 kg respond to an air velocity of 180 m/min when exposed to high cyclic temperatures.
C1 USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
   Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM bdozier@msa-msstate.ars.usda.gov
NR 10
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 84
IS 6
BP 962
EP 966
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 926NS
UT WOS:000229130500023
PM 15971539
ER

PT J
AU Jones, BE
   Rickman, TH
   Vazquez, A
   Sado, Y
   Tate, KW
AF Jones, BE
   Rickman, TH
   Vazquez, A
   Sado, Y
   Tate, KW
TI Removal of encroaching conifers to regenerate degraded aspen stands in
   the Sierra Nevada
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aspen; conventional harvest practices; effectiveness; monitoring; Lassen
   National Forest; California; Populus tremuloides; restoration
AB Aspen is considered a keystone species, and aspen communities are critical for maintaining biodiversity in western landscapes. Inventories of aspen stand health across the Eagle Lake Ranger District (ELRD), Lassen National Forest, California, U.S.A., indicate that 77% of stands are in decline and at risk of loss as defined by almost complete loss of mature aspen with little or no regeneration. This decline is due to competition from conifers establishing within aspen stands as a result of modification of natural fire regimes coupled with excessive browsing by livestock. Restoration treatments were implemented in four aspen stands in 1999 using mechanical equipment to remove competing conifers to enhance the growth environment for aspen. Recruitment and establishment of aspen stems were measured in treated stands (removal of competing conifers) and non-treated stands (control) immediately prior to treatment and 2 and 4 years post-treatment. There was a significant increase in total aspen stem density and in two of three aspen regeneration size classes for treated stands compared to controls. Pre-treatment total aspen density was positively associated with total aspen density and density in all size classes of aspen (p < 0.001). The results demonstrate that mechanical removal of conifers is an effective treatment for restoring aspen.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   US Forest Serv, Susanville, CA 96130 USA.
RP Tate, KW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave,Mail Stop 1, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM kwtate@ucdavis.edu
NR 26
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1061-2971
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 13
IS 2
BP 373
EP 379
DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2005.00046.x
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 927GN
UT WOS:000229180600017
ER

PT J
AU Chen, GY
AF Chen, GY
TI Versatile portable fluorometer for time-resolved luminescence analysis
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIZED LUMINESCENCE; MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES; OXYTETRACYCLINE;
   FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROMETER; TETRACYCLINE; AQUACULTURE; SYSTEMS
AB A robust, filter-based portable fluorometer was designed, prototyped, and tested for time-resolved luminescence (TRL) analysis. Its flexible optical design allows interchangeable configurations to support three measurement modes: liquid-phase TRL using a sample cuvette, solid-matrix TRL using a sorbent strip, and evanescent-field TRL using a quartz-rod waveguide. A xenon flashlamp is used as the light source and a photomultiplier tube (PMT) as the photodetector. A gating technique was implemented to overcome PMT saturation by the intense xenon lamp flash, therefore higher gains can be set to measure weak luminescence signals. The TRL signal is digitized at a 4 mu s time resolution and a 12 bit amplitude resolution. Individual flashes were monitored by a photodiode and its current was integrated to compensate for source light fluctuation. Using tetracycline as a model analyte, a 0.025 ppb limit of detection (LOD) with a typical 2% relative standard deviation, and a 3 orders of magnitude (0.5-300 ppb) linear dynamic range (r(2)=0.9996) were achieved.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Chen, GY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM gchen@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
   MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 76
IS 6
AR 063107
DI 10.1063/1.1921673
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 937YG
UT WOS:000229962000036
ER

PT J
AU Leytem, AB
   Westermann, DT
AF Leytem, AB
   Westermann, DT
TI Phosphorus availability to barley from manures and fertilizers on a
   calcareous soil
SO SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE phosphorus; manure; plant availability; C : P ratio; microbial P;
   calcareous soil
ID PHOSPHATE SORPTION; SURFACE RUNOFF; WATER-QUALITY; SWINE MANURE;
   INCEPTISOLS; VERTISOLS; COMPOST; PHYTASE; LOSSES
AB High concentrations of animal production in the United States have increased the concern about the environmental fate of phosphorus (P) in manures. We conducted a growth chamber study to develop phosphorus source coefficients (PSCs) for manures and fertilizers typically land applied and incorporated into calcareous soils of the western United States as well as to determine the potential plant P availability of these sources. Six manure types (swine solids from low phytate and regular barley diets, swine liquid, dairy liquid, beef solid, and dairy compost) and four fertilizer (mono calcium phosphate, mono ammonium phosphate, polymer-coated mono ammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate) P amendments were applied to two Portneuf soils at a rate of 60 mg P kg 1, incubated for 2 weeks, then planted with barley grown for 7 weeks. Soil samples were analyzed before barley planting and then at 4 and 7 weeks after planting, whereas plant samples were analyzed at 4 and 7 weeks. Increases in soil water soluble (WS-P) and bicarbonate P (Olsen P) from P additions generally followed the pattern [fertilizer P] > [liquid manures] > [solid or composted manures]. Plant shoot biomass and plant P accumulation were similar except swine manures were greater than inorganic P sources and beef manure was less than both. Determining relative P solubility of manure and fertilizer sources will be beneficial when estimating P losses from land application of manures and may be used to assign weighting coefficients to manure sources in risk assessments such as a P site index, with limited impact on P availability to crops.
C1 USDA ARS, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
RP Leytem, AB (reprint author), USDA ARS, NWISRL, 3793N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA.
EM leytem@nwirstl.ars.usda.gov
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 11
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0038-075X
J9 SOIL SCI
JI Soil Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 170
IS 6
BP 401
EP 412
DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000169914.17732.69
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 941MI
UT WOS:000230218500001
ER

PT J
AU Codling, EE
   Ritchie, JC
AF Codling, EE
   Ritchie, JC
TI Eastern gamagrass uptake of lead and arsenic from lead arsenate
   contaminated soil amended with lime and phosphorus
SO SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE lead-arsenate; phytotoxicity; hyperaccumulate; orchard soils
   phytoremediation
ID ROOT PENETRATION; ACID SOIL; GROWTH; PHYTOTOXICITY; RESIDUES; COPPER;
   PLANTS; PHYTOREMEDIATION; MANAGEMENT; ALUMINUM
AB Lead arsenate was used in orchards from the 1930s to the 1960s, causing orchard soils to be contaminated with lead and arsenic, which may become an environmental problem when these lands are used for other purposes. Because soil removal is expensive, one alternative is to use plants to remove lead and arsenic from these soils (phytoremediation). Eastern gamagrass [Tripsacum dactlyloides (L.) L.] has an extensive root system and is being used for soil improvement. The objective of this study was to determine uptake of lead and arsenic by eastern gamagrass from lead arsenate-contaminated orchard soils. A noncontaminated soil from Maryland (Typic Paleudults) and orchard soils from Maryland (Oxyaquic Hapludults) and Washington (Aridic Haploxerolls) with total (Aqua Regia extraction) Pb levels of 15, 574, and 943 mg kg(-1) and total As levels of 8, 113, and 194 mg kg(-1), respectively, were used. These three soils were treated with calcium carbonate and potassium phosphate; after incubation for 2 weeks, eastern gamagrass seedlings were transplanted into the amended soils. There was a slight increase in eastern gamagrass dry matter yield with P application compared with the no-phosphorus treatments. Yields were significantly reduced on the Aridic Haploxerolls orchard soil, which had the lowest level of organic carbon and highest levels of Pb and As. There was a slight but insignificant increase in tissue arsenic concentration and a reduction in Pb for plants grown on lime-and P-mended soils. Uptake of Pb was related to soil Pb concentration. Shoot As was related to soil As concentration, but there was no significant difference in root As level between the orchard soils. Eastern gamagrass did not remove substantial amounts of Ph and As from the soils, making this species a poor candidate for phytoremediation of lead arsenate-contaminated soils.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Codling, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM codlinge@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 65
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 10
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0038-075X
J9 SOIL SCI
JI Soil Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 170
IS 6
BP 413
EP 424
DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000169912.32979.aa
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 941MI
UT WOS:000230218500002
ER

PT J
AU Novak, JM
   Watts, DW
AF Novak, JM
   Watts, DW
TI Water treatment residuals aggregate size influences phosphorus sorption
   kinetics and p(max) values
SO SOIL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE aggregates; alum; soil amendment; phosphorus sorption; water treatment
   residuals
ID PHOSPHATE; SOILS; RUNOFF
AB Drinking water treatment residuals (WTRs) are used as a soil amendment to minimize off-site P movement and increase a soil's phosphorus (P) sorption capacity. The aggregate size of WTRs may affect sorption kinetics and P sorption maxima (P-max) values. We hypothesize that finer-sized WTRs aggregates will have higher kinetic sorption rates and Pax values than coarser-size aggregates. The objectives were to determine WTRs aggregate size effects on kinetic rates, of P sorption, on the magnitude of P-max values, and the time necessary to reach equilibrium with P. A WTR sample was ground and sieved into five aggregate size ranges (< 0.5, 0.5 to 1.0, 1.0 to 2.0, 2.0 to 4.0, and > 4 mm). Phosphorus sorption isotherms for each aggregate size range were determined as a function of time (between 24 and 120 h). Reaction rate constants (k) were determined by using a first-order reaction equation and Pax values for each aggregate size range were calculated from the linear form of the Langmuir equation. The < 0.5-mm WTRs aggregates had the highest k values, and the rates decreased with an increase in aggregate size. All isotherms showed that aggregate size ranges reached equilibrium between 72 and 96 h. There was a strong linear (r(2) between 0.78 and 0.96) and significant (P < 0.05) relationship between C (C = mean equilibrium P conc.) and C Q(-1) (Q = P sorbed). Coarse-sized WTR aggregates (between 1.0 and > 4.0-mm) had P-max values of < 94 mg g(-1), whereas fine-sized (< 1.0-mm) aggregates had values > 98 mg g(-1). Aggregate size has an important influence on WTRs P sorption characteristics; therefore, it is recommended that aggregate size should be strongly considered when determining P isotherms or using residuals as a soil amendment to reduce non-point source P contamination of surface water bodies.
C1 USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil, Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
RP Novak, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil, Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA.
EM novak@florence.ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0038-075X
J9 SOIL SCI
JI Soil Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 170
IS 6
BP 425
EP 432
DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000169915.17732.20
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 941MI
UT WOS:000230218500003
ER

PT J
AU White, WH
   Adamski, D
   Brown, J
   Reagan, TE
   Villanueva-Jimenez, JA
   Mendez-Lopez, M
   Way, MO
AF White, WH
   Adamski, D
   Brown, J
   Reagan, TE
   Villanueva-Jimenez, JA
   Mendez-Lopez, M
   Way, MO
TI Survey results for the sugarcane pest, Blastobasis graminea (Lepidoptera
   : Coleophoridae), in Texas and Louisiana in 2002
SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
ID HOMOPTERA; DELPHACIDAE; AMERICA; FLORIDA
AB Recent discoveries of Blastobasis graminea Adamski (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) in Mexico have prompted interests that this insect pest, originally discovered in South America, may be moving northward. A survey in Texas and Louisiana was conducted in 2002 to determine if B. graminea has extended its range into the U.S. Surveys included five nights of blacklight trapping in Texas and three nights of blacklight trapping plus diurnal surveys of 23 fields in Louisiana. Field surveys in Louisiana included examination not only of sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum spp.) but also of maize, Zea mays L., and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, as well as non-cultivated gramineous species. We did not collect B. graminea during blacklight trappings nor did we detect it in association with cultivated host species (i.e., sugarcane, maize, and sorghum). We did, however, discover B. graminea in smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora Loisel., in Louisiana in a non-agricultural environment. Finding B. graminea only in cordgrass suggests the possibility that rather than expanding its geographic range, B. graminea may be a widespread tropical species that is expanding its host range from native grasses to sugarcane. Finding B. graminea in Louisiana represents a new U.S. record for the species. Also, from this survey, new U.S. hosts records for Pyroderces badia (Hodges) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae) and Dicymolomia julianalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), moths reared from grain sorghum seedheads, are documented.
C1 USDA ARS, SRRC Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA.
RP White, WH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SRRC Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA.
RI Villanueva-Jimenez, Juan/B-1767-2009
OI Villanueva-Jimenez, Juan/0000-0003-0668-3466
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC
PI DALLAS
PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA
SN 0147-1724
J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL
JI Southw. Entomol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 30
IS 2
BP 85
EP 91
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 990PS
UT WOS:000233756300002
ER

PT J
AU Sherbrooke, WC
   Mason, JR
AF Sherbrooke, WC
   Mason, JR
TI Sensory modality used by coyotes in responding to antipredator compounds
   in the blood of Texas horned lizards
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PHRYNOSOMA-CORNUTUM; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR; SINUSES
AB We investigated the hypothesis that the squirting of blood from orbital sinuses by Texas horned lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) is an antipredator defense against some mammalian species. Coyotes (Canis latrans) were tested for the first time. As expected, Texas horned lizards squirted blood in response to coyote attacks, and coyotes exhibited startle response, avoidance response, or both as a result of these events. Whereas lizard carcasses mixed into normal foodmash elicited regurgitation by coyotes, possibly due to physical effects, blood of horned lizards similarly mixed into food did not. Coyote responses to simulated squirts of 5 compounds, including blood of horned lizards, into 3 potential sensory target areas (eyes, nose, and mouth) strongly suggested that aversive effects were mediated by receptors in the oral or nasal cavities. Coyote responses were more frequent to delivery of blood plasma and whole blood of Phrynosoma to buccal and nasal membranes than to delivery of plasma and blood from spiny lizards (Sceloporus jarrovii) or to delivery of a saline control to these membranes. We concluded that Texas horned lizards squirt blood from sinuses surrounding the eyes during attacks by canids, such as coyotes, and that this blood affects oral receptors, causing a negative response in coyote attack behavior that potentially increases survival of the lizards.
C1 Amer Museum Nat Hist, SW Res Stn, Portal, AZ 85632 USA.
   USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Sci, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Sherbrooke, WC (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, SW Res Stn, POB 16553, Portal, AZ 85632 USA.
EM wcs@amnh.org
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 43
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSN NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
   TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 50
IS 2
BP 216
EP 222
DI 10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050[0216:SMUBCI]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 940NG
UT WOS:000230150600010
ER

PT J
AU Pfeil, BE
   Schlueter, JA
   Shoemaker, RC
   Doyle, JJ
AF Pfeil, BE
   Schlueter, JA
   Shoemaker, RC
   Doyle, JJ
TI Placing paleopolyploidy in relation to taxon divergence: A phylogenetic
   analysis in legumes using 39 gene families
SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOME EVOLUTION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; DUPLICATED
   GENES; GLYCINE; SUBSTITUTION; SEQUENCES; EVENTS; MODEL; RECONSTRUCTION
AB Young polyploid events are easily diagnosed by various methods, but older polyploid events become increasingly difficult to identify as chromosomal rearrangements, tandem gene or partial chromosome duplications, changes in substitution rates among duplicated genes, pseudogenization or locus loss, and interlocus interactions complicate the means of inferring past genetic events. Genomic data have provided valuable information about the polyploid history of numerous species, but on their own fail to show whether related species, each with a polyploid past, share a particular polyploid event. A phylogenetic approach provides a powerful method to determine this but many processes may mislead investigators. These processes can affect individual gene trees, but most likely will not affect all genes, and almost certainly will not affect all genes in the same way. Thus, a multigene approach, which combines the large-scale aspect of genomics with the resolution of phylogenetics, has the power to overcome these difficulties and allow us to infer genomic events further into the past than would otherwise be possible. Previous work using synonymous distances among gene pairs within species has shown evidence for large-scale duplications in the legumes Glycine max and Medicago truncatula. We present a case study using 39 gene families, each with three or four members in G. max and the putative orthologues in M. truncatula, rooted using Arabidopsis thaliana. We tested whether the gene duplications in these legumes occurred separately in each lineage after their divergence ( Hypothesis 1), or whether they share a round of gene duplications ( Hypothesis 2). Many more gene family topologies supported Hypothesis 2 over Hypothesis 1 ( 11 and 2, respectively), even after synonymous distance analysis revealed that some topologies were providing misleading results. Only ca. 33% of genes examined support either hypothesis, which strongly suggests that single gene family approaches may be insufficient when studying ancient events with nuclear DNA. Our results suggest that G. max and M. truncatula, along with approximately 7000 other legume species from the same clade, share an ancient round of gene duplications, either due to polyploidy or to some other process.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   USDA ARS, CIGGR, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Pfeil, BE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, 228 Plant Sci Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RI Pfeil, Bernard/C-1108-2008
OI Pfeil, Bernard/0000-0001-8179-2270
NR 45
TC 90
Z9 96
U1 0
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1063-5157
J9 SYST BIOL
JI Syst. Biol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 54
IS 3
BP 441
EP 454
DI 10.1080/10635150590945359
PG 14
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 942SL
UT WOS:000230302500008
PM 16012110
ER

PT J
AU Schmidt, EA
   Zhu, JY
AF Schmidt, EA
   Zhu, JY
TI Flow regime effects on the spreading rate of a nylon fiber suspension
   jet in a rectangular channel
SO TAPPI JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDIUM-CONSISTENCY; YIELD STRESS; SHEAR-LAYER; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH
AB A fiber suspension jet was symmetrically introduced to a dilution water flow in a rectangular Plexiglas test section. The fiber suspension was disrupted by a flow restriction located in the nozzle prior to the mixing region. Digital imaging was used to observe the behavior and growth of the mixing layer, which was correlated to the pressure drop across the restriction. The growth of the shear layer was affected primarily by the difference in velocity between the fiber suspension flow and the dilution water flow, when the fiber suspension jet was highly turbulent. Finally, the mixing layer became less uniform with an increase in fiber length and suspension concentration and with a decrease in the pressure drop across the flow restriction.
   Application: Concentration, fiber length, and flow parameters affect the behavior of fiber suspensions in a confined shear flow.
C1 Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA.
   USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
RP Schmidt, EA (reprint author), Swedish Pulp & Paper Res Inst, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM eric.schmidt@easchmidt.com
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU TECH ASSN PULP PAPER IND INC
PI NORCROSS
PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA
SN 0734-1415
J9 TAPPI J
JI TAPPI J.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 4
IS 6
BP 9
EP 14
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Materials Science
GA 937FF
UT WOS:000229909300002
ER

PT J
AU Lee, CT
   Wu, MC
   Chen, SC
AF Lee, CT
   Wu, MC
   Chen, SC
TI Regional spectral model simulations of the summertime regional climate
   over Taiwan and adjacent areas
SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE regional modeling; region climate; Taiwan climatology; downscaling
ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; PRECIPITATION; RAINFALL; PROJECT; ASIA
AB The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) regional spectral model (RSM) version 97 was used to investigate the regional summertime climate over Taiwan and adjacent areas for June-July-August of 1990 through 2000. The simulated sea-level-pressure and wind fields of RSM1 with 50-km grid space are similar to the reanalysis, but the strength of the simulated subtropical high tends to be too strong, resulting in intensified southeasterlies, instead of southwesterlies, over the region of southern to southeastern China. Generally, the simulated precipitation patterns of RSM1 followed those of NCEP reanalysis, but the large-scale southeasterly wind bias was responsible for the precipitation excess over eastern and southeastern China when compared to observations.
   For simulation at 15-km grid space over Taiwan (RSM2), the climatology and inter-annual variability of island-mean precipitation agreed well with station observations and were improved from the coarser forcing reanalysis and RSM1. However, the temporal correlation was seasonally and geographically dependent, presumably due to influences from the interaction of the orography and biases of the large-scale circulations. The RSM, although improved from reanalysis, still tends to produce less heavy rainfall days than observations, especially in July and August. In addition, while the typhoon-day composites of sea-level pressure and precipitation reveal poor agreement between the observations and the RSM simulations, RSM2 simulation placed the precipitation center accurately over southwestern Taiwan during non-typhoon days, albeit with weaker amplitude. These results indicate the limitations of the RSM in simulating summertime convective storms and typhoon events in this area.
C1 Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei, Taiwan.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Riverside, CA USA.
RP Lee, CT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei, Taiwan.
EM WUL8306@wu.as.ntu.edu
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION
PI TAIPEI
PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 1017-0839
J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI
JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 2
BP 487
EP 511
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
   Oceanography
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 959MD
UT WOS:000231520900012
ER

PT J
AU Bhattacharyya, MK
   Narayanan, NN
   Gao, H
   Santra, DK
   Salimath, SS
   Kasuga, T
   Liu, Y
   Espinosa, B
   Ellison, L
   Marek, L
   Shoemaker, R
   Gijzen, M
   Buzzell, RI
AF Bhattacharyya, MK
   Narayanan, NN
   Gao, H
   Santra, DK
   Salimath, SS
   Kasuga, T
   Liu, Y
   Espinosa, B
   Ellison, L
   Marek, L
   Shoemaker, R
   Gijzen, M
   Buzzell, RI
TI Identification of a large cluster of coiled coil-nucleotide binding
   site-leucine rich repeat-type genes from the Rps1 region containing
   Phytophthora resistance genes in soybean
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RACE-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE; MEGASPERMA VAR-SOJAE; MILDEW RESISTANCE;
   MOSAIC-VIRUS; 6 HOMOLOGS; FLAX RUST; EVOLUTION; TOMATO; LOCUS;
   RECOMBINATION
AB Fifteen Rps genes confer resistance against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae, which causes root and stem rot disease in soybean. We have isolated a disease resistance gene-like sequence from the genomic region containing Rps1-k. Four classes of cDNA of the sequence were isolated from etiolated hypocotyl tissues that express the Rps1-k-encoded Phytophthora resistance. Sequence analyses of a cDNA clone showed that the sequence is a member of the coiled coil-nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR)-type of disease resistance genes. It showed 36% identity to the recently cloned soybean resistance gene Rpg1-b, which confers resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, and 56% and 38% sequence identity to putative resistance gene sequences from lotus and Medicago truncatula, respectively. The soybean genome contains about 38 copies of the sequence. Most of these copies are clustered in approximately 600 kb of contiguous DNA of the Rps1-k region. We have identified a recombinant that carries both rps1-k- and Rps1-k-haplotype-specific allelomorphs of two Rps1-k-linked molecular markers. An unequal crossover event presumably led to duplication of alleles for these two physically linked molecular markers. We hypothesize that the unequal crossing over was one of the mechanisms involved in tandem duplication of CC-NBS-LRR sequences in the Rps1-k region.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA.
   USDA ARS, CICG Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   So Crop Protect & Food Res Ctr, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada.
   Agr & Agri Food Canada, Harrow, ON N6G 2V4, Canada.
RP Bhattacharyya, MK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mbhattac@iastate.edu
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010; Gijzen, Mark/C-6284-2011
OI Gijzen, Mark/0000-0002-3715-6389
NR 50
TC 37
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 1
BP 75
EP 86
DI 10.1007/s00122-005-1993-9
PG 12
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 940JV
UT WOS:000230141700010
PM 15841357
ER

PT J
AU Nam, YW
   Lee, JR
   Song, KH
   Lee, MK
   Robbins, MD
   Chung, SM
   Staub, JE
   Zhang, HB
AF Nam, YW
   Lee, JR
   Song, KH
   Lee, MK
   Robbins, MD
   Chung, SM
   Staub, JE
   Zhang, HB
TI Construction of two BAC libraries from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and
   identification of clones linked to yield component quantitative trait
   loci
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE BAC libraries; cucumber; molecular markers; PCR screening; quantitative
   trait loci; yield components
ID ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME LIBRARY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; RESISTANCE GENE;
   HORTICULTURAL TRAITS; STABLE MAINTENANCE; SEX DETERMINATION;
   ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENOME SEQUENCE; QTL ANALYSIS; MARKERS
AB Two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed from an inbred line derived from a cultivar of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Intact nuclei were isolated and embedded in agarose plugs, and high-molecular-weight DNA was subsequently partially digested with BamHI or EcoRI. Ligation of double size-selected DNA fragments with the pECBAC1 vector yielded two libraries containing 23,040 BamHI and 18,432 EcoRI clones. The average BamHI and EcoRI insert sizes were estimated to be 107.0 kb and 100.8 kb, respectively, and BAC clones lacking inserts were 1.3% and 14.5% in the BamHI and EcoRI libraries, respectively. The two libraries together represent approximately 10.8 haploid cucumber genomes. Hybridization with a C(0)t-1 DNA probe revealed that approximately 36% of BAC clones likely carried repetitive sequence-enriched DNA. The frequencies of BAC clones that carry chloroplast or mitochondrial DNA range from 0.20% to 0.47%. Four sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR), four simple sequence repeat, and an randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker linked with yield component quantitative trait loci were used either as probes to hybridize high-density colony filters prepared from both libraries or as primers to screen an ordered array of pooled BAC DNA prepared from the BamHI library. Positive BAC clones were identified in predicted numbers, as screening by polymerase chain reaction amplification effectively overcame the problems associated with an overabundance of positives from hybridization with two SCAR markers. The BAC clones identified herein that are linked to the de (determinate habit) and F (gynoecy) locus will be useful for positional cloning of these economically important genes. These BAC libraries will also facilitate physical mapping of the cucumber genome and comparative genome analyses with other plant species.
C1 Sogang Univ, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 121742, South Korea.
   Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Nam, YW (reprint author), Sogang Univ, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 121742, South Korea.
EM ywnam@ccs.sogang.ac.kr
NR 54
TC 15
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0040-5752
J9 THEOR APPL GENET
JI Theor. Appl. Genet.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 1
BP 150
EP 161
DI 10.1007/s00122-005-2007-7
PG 12
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity
GA 940JV
UT WOS:000230141700018
PM 15864523
ER

PT J
AU Borer, CH
   Schaberg, PG
   DeHayes, DH
AF Borer, CH
   Schaberg, PG
   DeHayes, DH
TI Acidic mist reduces foliar membrane-associated calcium and impairs
   stomatal responsiveness in red spruce
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE acid rain; foliar nutrients; mCa; Picea rubens; stomata; water stress
ID CYTOSOLIC-FREE CALCIUM; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; GUARD-CELLS;
   PLANT-CELLS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; CONDUCTANCE RESPONSES; CONIFEROUS
   FOREST; NORTH-AMERICA; SUGAR MAPLE; WHITE-PINE
AB Acidic deposition can leach essential pools of calcium (Ca) directly from plant foliage. Because of the central role of Cain environmental signal transduction, disruptions of labile foliar Ca pools could impair physiological responses to a variety of environmental stimuli and stressors. We investigated the possibility that acidic mist-induced depletion of membrane-associated Ca (mCa), which is one form of labile Ca, may alter stomatal responsiveness to water stress, a process known to include Ca in signal transduction cascades. Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) seedlings were exposed to either pH 3.0 or pH 5.0 mist treatments for one growing season. Foliar nutrition was assessed following treatments, and declines in stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis were measured on current-year shoots following stem excision. Seedlings exposed to pH 3.0 acidic mist treatments had reduced mCa relative to the pH 5.0 treated seedlings. Seedlings subjected to the pH 3.0 acidic mist treatment exhibited impaired stomatal functions, including a smaller maximum aperture, slower closure and an increased lag time between stomatal closure and photosynthetic decline following experimental water stress. Delayed stomatal closure could undermine desiccation avoidance mechanisms. Previous work has demonstrated that acidic mist treatments deplete mCa in red spruce and impair cold tolerance, with similar effects in other species. The results we present provide further evidence that acidic mist-induced mCa depletion may cause disruption of a broad range of plant stress responses.
C1 Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA.
RP Borer, CH (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
EM cborer@uvm.edu
NR 69
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 6
PU HERON PUBLISHING
PI VICTORIA
PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA
SN 0829-318X
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 6
BP 673
EP 680
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938ST
UT WOS:000230024000004
PM 15805087
ER

PT J
AU Klepzig, KD
   Robison, DJ
   Fowler, G
   Minchin, PR
   Hain, FP
   Allen, HL
AF Klepzig, KD
   Robison, DJ
   Fowler, G
   Minchin, PR
   Hain, FP
   Allen, HL
TI Effects of mass inoculation on induced oleoresin response in intensively
   managed loblolly pine
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cofactor; Dendroctonus frontalis; fertilization; irrigation; Ophiostoma
   minus; pathogenicity; Pinus taeda; resistance; southern pine beetle
ID DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS COLEOPTERA; CERATOCYSTIS-MINOR; BEETLE
   COLEOPTERA; FUNGAL-INFECTION; NORWAY SPRUCE; RESIN FLOW; SCOTS PINE;
   INDUCED RESISTANCE; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES
AB Oleoresin flow is an important factor in the resistance of pines to attack by southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm., and its associated fungi. Abiotic factors, such as nutrient supply and water relations, have the potential to modify this plant-insect-fungus interaction; however, little is known of the effects of inoculation with beetle-associated fungi on oleoresin flow. We observed that constitutive and induced resin yield in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., were affected by either fungal inoculation (with the southern pine beetle-associated fungus Ophiostoma minus (Hedgcock) H. & P. Sydow) or silvicultural treatment. The effects of mass wounding (400 wounds m(-2)) and mass wounding and inoculation with O. minus were assessed by comparison with untreated (control) trees. The treatments were applied to trees in a 2 x 2 factorial combination of fertilizer and irrigation treatments. Fertilization did not significantly affect constitutive resin yield. Even as long as 105 days post-treatment, however, mass-inoculated trees produced higher induced resin yields than control or wounded-only trees, indicating a localized induced response to fungal inoculation. We noted no systemic induction of host defenses against fungal colonization. Although beetles attacking previously attacked trees face a greater resinous response from their host than beetles attacking trees that had not been previously attacked, the effect of an earlier attack may not last more than one flight season. Despite mass inoculations, O. minus did not kill the host trees, suggesting that this fungus is not a virulent plant pathogen.
C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
RP Klepzig, KD (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
EM kklepzig@fs.fed.us
NR 56
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 4
U2 8
PU HERON PUBLISHING
PI VICTORIA
PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA
SN 0829-318X
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 6
BP 681
EP 688
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938ST
UT WOS:000230024000005
PM 15805088
ER

PT J
AU McCormick, S
   Yang, HP
AF McCormick, S
   Yang, HP
TI Is there more than one way to attract a pollen tube?
SO TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID GUIDANCE; FEMALE; FERTILIZATION; GROWTH; MAIZE
AB ZMEA1 (Zea mays egg apparatus 1) is expressed only in the egg and synergid cells. Embryo sacs with presumed reduced expression of ZMEA 1fail to attract pollen tubes. Together with data from Arabidopsis mutants and from elegant laser ablation experiments in Torenia fournieri these results indicate that embryo sacs send signals to the incoming pollen tubes. We need to decipher how such signals are perceived and determine if the signals are species-specific.
C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP McCormick, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM sheilamc@nature.berkeley.edu
OI McCormick, Sheila/0000-0001-9106-9385
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1360-1385
J9 TRENDS PLANT SCI
JI Trends Plant Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 6
BP 260
EP 263
DI 10.1016/j.tplants.2005.04.001
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 939CY
UT WOS:000230051100002
PM 15949757
ER

PT J
AU Durso, LM
   Reynolds, K
   Bauer, N
   Keen, JE
AF Durso, LM
   Reynolds, K
   Bauer, N
   Keen, JE
TI Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157 : H7 infections among livestock
   exhibitors and visitors at a Texas County Fair
SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID DAIRY FARM FAMILIES; PREVALENCE; CATTLE; OUTBREAKS; SWINE
AB We report an agricultural fair-associated shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC O157) outbreak that was unusual in that it affected both livestock exhibitors and visitors. Twenty-five human cases of STEC O157 infection were detected after the Fort Bend County Fair in Rosenberg, Texas, which ran from 9/26/03 to 10/04/03. Seven cases were culture-confirmed. There were four hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) cases, and one thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) case. Cases ranged in age from 18 months to 67 years. Twenty-two (88%) cases were female. Analysis of unmatched case-control data linked STEC O157 infection with visiting fair livestock exhibit areas and with multiple fair visits. All outbreak-related isolates were of a single STEC O157 subtype. Fair Ground environmental sampling and culture for STEC O157, conducted 46 days after the end of the Fair, yielded multiple STEC O157 isolates, including the outbreak subtype. Livestock exhibitors and fair visitors should follow guidelines to reduce the risk of transmission of STEC O157 at agricultural fairs.
C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Keen, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM Keen@email.marc.usda.gov
NR 25
TC 38
Z9 45
U1 4
U2 18
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1530-3667
J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT
JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 5
IS 2
BP 193
EP 201
DI 10.1089/vbz.2005.5.193
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 947IX
UT WOS:000230637900015
PM 16011437
ER

PT J
AU Pereda, AJ
   Greiser-Wilke, I
   Schmitt, B
   Rincon, MA
   Mogollon, JD
   Sabogal, ZY
   Lora, AM
   Sanguinetti, H
   Piccone, ME
AF Pereda, AJ
   Greiser-Wilke, I
   Schmitt, B
   Rincon, MA
   Mogollon, JD
   Sabogal, ZY
   Lora, AM
   Sanguinetti, H
   Piccone, ME
TI Phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) field
   isolates from outbreaks in South and Central America
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE classical swine fever; South America; Central America; genotype;
   epidemiology
ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SITUATION; EUROPE
AB To date, there is little information concerning the epidemiological situation of classical swine fever (CSF) in the Americas. Besides summarizing the available data, genotyping of isolates from outbreaks in domestic pigs in several countries of South and Central America was performed. For this, a 190 base fragment of the E2 envelope glycoprotein gene was used. European strains and isolates, and historical isolates from the United States (US) were included for comparison. In contrast to the situation in most parts of Europe, where group 2 isolates predominate, it was found that all the isolates from the American continent analyzed belonged to group 1 and were further resolved into three subgroups. The Cuban isolates clustered in subgroup 1.2, whereas the isolates from Honduras and Guatemala clustered in subgroup 1.3. The remaining isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico generated four poorly resolved clusters in subgroup 1.1, together with the vaccine strains, with historical European and US isolates, and with a recent Russian isolate. While the vaccine strains and the historical European isolates formed a relatively distinct cluster, one of the US isolates clustered together with the Mexican, and another one with Colombian isolates. Historically, CSF (hog cholera) was observed almost simultaneously in the US and in Europe in the first half of the 19th century, and its origin remains a matter of discussion. Our results showed that the US isolates are closely related to isolates from South America, while appearance of isolates in Cuba on one hand and in Honduras and Guatemala on the other hand, seems to have been due to unrelated events. This allows to speculate that at least in the American continent, CSF virus may have appeared independently in several regions, and spreading may have been a secondary effect. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Hannover Sch Vet Med, Inst Virol, EU Reference Lab Class Swine Fever, D-30559 Hannover, Germany.
   Inst Nacl TEcnol Agropecuaria, CICVya, Inst Biotecnol, RA-1712 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
   USDA, APHIS, Natl Vet Lab, Ames, IA USA.
   ICA, Bogota, Colombia.
   Serv Nacl Sanidad Anim & Calidad Agroalimentaria, SENASA, RA-1640 San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
RP Greiser-Wilke, I (reprint author), Hannover Sch Vet Med, Inst Virol, EU Reference Lab Class Swine Fever, Buenteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany.
EM irene.greiser-wilke@tiho-hannover.de
NR 28
TC 28
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 110
IS 1-2
BP 111
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.01.011
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 928JG
UT WOS:000229267100012
PM 15845261
ER

PT J
AU Johansson, RC
   Moledina, AA
AF Johansson, RC
   Moledina, AA
TI Comparing policies to improve water quality when dischargers of
   pollutants are strategic
SO WATER INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE nonpoint source; pollution permits; trading; phosphorous
ID POLLUTION; QUANTITIES; PHOSPHORUS; ABATEMENT; PRICES
AB Market-based instruments such as fees or tradable permits can be used to simultaneously regulate point and nonpoint sources of pollution discharge into a river However sources of pollution discharge often have more information about their own costs of pollution abatement than do regulators. This information asymmetry may lead to strategic behavior which can lead to different outcomes under different policies. This paper estimates a Nash payoff of a two-period strategic game using econometrically estimated abatement costs for point and nonpoint source phosphorus discharges in the Minnesota River Basin. Results show that when dischargers of pollutants are strategic, discharge permits may yield lower deadweight losses than discharge fees.
C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Resource & Environm Policy Branch, Washington, DC USA.
   Coll Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
RP Johansson, RC (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Resource & Environm Policy Branch, Washington, DC USA.
EM rjohanss@email.ers.usda.gov; amoledina@wooster.edu
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU INT WATER RESOURCES ASSOC
PI CARBONDALE
PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, 4535 FANER HALL, MC 4516, CARBONDALE, IL
   62901-4516 USA
SN 0250-8060
J9 WATER INT
JI Water Int.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 30
IS 2
BP 166
EP 173
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 002NT
UT WOS:000234618900005
ER

PT J
AU Hernlem, BJ
AF Hernlem, BJ
TI Electrolytic destruction of urea in dilute chloride solution using DSA
   electrodes in a recycled batch cell
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE electroflotation; urea; chlorine; disinfection; food safety; manure
ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; REACTION-MECHANISM;
   HYPOCHLORITE; DISINFECTION; EVOLUTION; ELECTROFLOTATION; CHLORATE;
   REMOVAL; REACTOR
AB The destruction of urea, its fate and influence on levels of active chlorine as well as formation of byproducts during electrolytic treatment of urea solutions was studied. Treated solutions designed to simulate typical concentrations in dairy manure lagoon water, contained initial concentrations of urea up to 750ppm (mg L-1), chloride from 100 to 400 ppm, and 2000 pprn NaHCO3. Current from 0.6 to 2.5 A (34-141 A m(-2)) was applied using oxide-coated titanium electrodes in a bench scale electrolysis device. Current and energy efficiencies of urea destruction increased with temperature and initial concentrations of chloride and urea. These parameters also affected the concentrations of oxidized chlorine species during treatment. Residual nitrogen was comprised of a constant fraction (0.07) of urea nitrogen oxidized to nitrate over the temperature range studied (16-34.5 degrees C). Chlorate was also formed as a byproduct of electrolysis. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Hernlem, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM hernlemb@pw.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 5
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 39
IS 11
BP 2245
EP 2252
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.018
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 946RV
UT WOS:000230590800005
PM 15927225
ER

PT J
AU Merola-Zwartjes, M
   DeLong, JP
AF Merola-Zwartjes, M
   DeLong, JP
TI Avian species assemblages on on New Mexico golf courses: surrogate
   riparian habitat for birds?
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE avian diversity; avian species assemblage; avian species richness; bird
   community composition; bird diversity; golf course; riparian birds;
   riparian habitat; southwestern bird communities; urbanization
ID RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; URBANIZATION; DIVERSITY;
   ARIZONA; LANDSCAPE; RICHNESS; FINLAND; TUCSON
AB The goal of our study was to determine how golf courses in the desert environment impact the indigenous bird community and, particularly, to see whether golf courses may serve as surrogate riparian habitats for southwestern birds. We compared the avian communities on 5 golf courses in the Albuquerque, New Mexico area (4 traditional and 1 "naturalistic") to those of 5 paired natural areas that served as reference sites. We surveyed birds using breeding-season point counts over 2 years and measured several habitat characteristics of each site. In agreement with most other studies of urbanization effects, we found that bird abundance was greater on 4 out of 5 golf courses. In contrast to many studies of urban birds, we found that both total species richness and species diversity was higher on the golf courses in 3 out of 5 cases, and indigenous species richness was higher on all 5 of the golf courses. Of the bird species unique to the golf-course communities, 74% were riparian associates. Although they had high numbers of indigenous species, most of the individuals on golf courses were relatively common generalist species. The naturalistic golf course that was dominated by native vegetation had greater indigenous bird species richness, diversity, and abundance when compared to its reference site and all of the other courses. We conclude that golf courses do have the potential to support riparian bird communities but that their conservation potential can be enhanced through the addition of habitat complexity and structure.
C1 Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA.
RP Merola-Zwartjes, M (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Endangered Species Recovery Div, Reg 1,911 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
EM michele_zwartjes@fws.gov
NR 46
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0091-7648
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 435
EP 447
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[435:ASAONM]2.0.CO;2
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600005
ER

PT J
AU Chavez, AS
   Gese, EM
   Krannich, RS
AF Chavez, AS
   Gese, EM
   Krannich, RS
TI Attitudes of rural landowners toward wolves in northwestern Minnesota
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE attitudes; Canis lupus; livestock; northwest Minnesota; perceived risk;
   wolves
ID WOLF; YELLOWSTONE; PARK
AB The natural recolonization of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into parts of their former range in the upper Midwest of the United States has led to wolves establishing territories in semiagricultural areas containing livestock. As part of a study on wolf-livestock relationships in a northwestern Minnesota agricultural area, we surveyed rural landowners within and outside of wolf range to assess perceptions regarding the risks wolves pose to livestock (mainly cattle). The mean response score for rural landowners to the statement I think wolves should be allowed to exist in northwest Minnesota" was between neutral and disagree. There was no difference in mean response scores between rural residents living within wolf range and residents living adjacent to but outside of wolf range. The rural residents' mean response score to the statement "Wolves are causing unacceptable levels of damage to northwest Minnesota's livestock industry" was between neutral and agree. Although there was a statistical difference in mean response scores of residents living within wolf range and residents living outside of wolf range, the scores were not substantially different from each other. While landowners felt wolves were a threat to their livelihood, other factors (market fluctuations, laws and government, diseases, extreme weather, flooding) were ranked as greater threats to the agricultural community. Rural residents both within and outside of wolf range harbored similar negative attitudes toward wolves, even though residents outside of wolf range have not had a population of wolves in their area for >100 years, indicating little change in cultural attitudes toward wolves.
C1 Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Forest Range & Wildlif, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Dept Sociol Social Work & Anthropol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Chavez, AS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 6010 Hidden Valley Rd, Carlsbad, CA 92009 USA.
EM egese@cc.usu.edu
RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011
NR 35
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 35
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0091-7648
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 517
EP 527
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[517:AORLTW]2.0.CO;2
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600013
ER

PT J
AU Goldstein, MI
   Poe, AJ
   Cooper, E
   Youkey, D
   Brown, BA
   McDonald, TL
AF Goldstein, MI
   Poe, AJ
   Cooper, E
   Youkey, D
   Brown, BA
   McDonald, TL
TI Mountain goat response to helicopter overflights in Alaska
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; behavior; disturbance; helicopter; mountain goats; Oreamnos
   americanus
ID JET AIRCRAFT; SHEEP; CONSERVATION; DISTURBANCE
AB The number of helicopter flights used to gain access to backcountry has increased in recent years. Biologists, land managers, and the public have expressed concern about disturbance impacts to mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) resulting from helicopter activity. We recorded behavioral responses of 122 groups of mountain goats from 347 helicopter overflights at 4 geographic areas in Alaska and analyzed responses in relation to distance and angle from helicopters to mountain goats, reproductive class, season, and area of study. We used multinomial logistic regression modeling combined with a bootstrap randomization procedure to identify factors associated with increased probability of mountain goats being in 1 of the 4 behavioral response categories during helicopter overflights. The probability of a goat group being disturbed was inversely related to distance of the helicopter from the group. Odds of disturbance increased by a factor of 1.25 for every 100-m reduction in approach distance. Approach distances resulting in > 90% probability of maintenance were significantly larger where mountain goats had received less prior exposure to helicopters. When mountain goats were disturbed during overflights, a second analysis (i.e., gamma regression model with inverse link function) estimated elapsed time until mountain goats returned to maintenance behavior. The length of time that a goat remained in a disturbed state following overflight did not depend upon any of the covariates; mountain goats remained in a disturbed state for an average of 30.7 seconds (95% CI, 25.7-35.9 seconds). The results offer land managers an opportunity to evaluate risk for permitting helicopter activity.
C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Juneau, AK 99802 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Chugach Natl Forest, Girdwood, AK 99587 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Chugach Natl Forest, Cordova, AK 99574 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Okanogan Wenatchee Natl Forests, Leavenworth, WA 98826 USA.
   Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
RP Goldstein, MI (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, POB 21628, Juneau, AK 99802 USA.
EM goldstein.mi@gmail.com
RI McDonald,  Trent/F-2885-2014
OI McDonald,  Trent/0000-0001-7608-6988
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0091-7648
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 688
EP 699
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[688:MGRTHO]2.0.CO;2
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600031
ER

PT J
AU Conner, RN
   Saenz, D
AF Conner, RN
   Saenz, D
TI The longevity of large pine snags in eastern Texas
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE cavity nesters; Picoides borealis; pine; red-cockaded woodpecker; snags;
   wildlife
ID WOODPECKER CAVITY TREES; PILEATED WOODPECKERS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; HABITAT
   USE; FOREST; COMPETITION; DYNAMICS; BEETLE; FUNGUS; ROOST
AB Habitat for cavity-nesting wildlife is closely tied to the availability of standing dead trees (snags). Large snags (> 40 cm dbh) are particularly important because they provide cavity-excavation substrate for both large and small cavity excavators. Historically in the southern United States, common belief has been that the utility of pine (Pinus spp.) snags for cavity nesters occurs for only a short period of time after tree death because pine snags quickly decay and fall to the ground. We studied the deterioration rate and ultimate failing of large pine snags in eastern Texas over a 20-year period (1983-2003). Coinciding with our annual checks of red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) cavity-tree clusters, we checked the status and height of all red-cockaded woodpecker cavity trees that died. We determined the cause of death and tree species of 136 cavity tree snags ((x) over bar =25.4 m at death) and monitored their height annually until they were < 1 m in height. Five years after tree death, 92 snags (67.6%) were still standing and averaged 13.9 m in height. Ten years after tree death, 21 snags (15.4%) were still standing and averaged 10.0 m in height. After 15 years 4 snags (2.9%) averaging 5.3 m in height still remained standing. Two snags (1.5%), averaging 2.7 m in height, survived through 19 years but had fallen by the end of the twentieth year. Pines dying from wind snap at mid-bole survived longer as snags ((x) over bar =9.7 years) than pines killed by bark-beetles (Dendroctonus spp.) ((x) over bar= 5.9 years). Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) snags remained standing longer ((x) over bar =8.0 years) than loblolly pine (P. taeda) snags ( (x) over bar =6.0 years) (P < 0.05), but not longer (P > 0.05) than shortleaf pine (P. echinata) snags ((x) over bar =6.6 years).
C1 USDA, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, Forest Serv, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA.
RP Conner, RN (reprint author), USDA, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA.
EM rconner@fs.fed.us
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 700
EP 705
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[700:TLOLPS]2.0.CO;2
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600032
ER

PT J
AU Rittenhouse, CD
   Millspaugh, JJ
   Washburn, BE
   Hubbard, MW
AF Rittenhouse, CD
   Millspaugh, JJ
   Washburn, BE
   Hubbard, MW
TI Effects of radiotransmitters on fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels
   of three-toed box turtles in captivity
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE fecal glucocorticoids; stress; Terrapene carolina triunguis; three-toed
   box turtles; transmitter
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; WILD MALLARDS; RADIO-TRANSMITTERS; TERRAPENE-ORNATA;
   BODY-SIZE; STRESS; RESPONSES; REPRODUCTION; MOVEMENTS; SURVIVAL
AB The increased use of radiotelemetry for studying movement, resource selection, and population demographics in reptiles necessitates closer examination of the assumption that radiotransmitter attachment does not bias study results. We determined the effects of radiotransmitter attachment on fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels of wild three-toed box turtles (Terrapene carolina triunguis) in captivity. During May 2002 we captured 11 adult three-toed box turtles in central Missouri. We housed turtles in individual pens in a semi-natural outdoor setting. We radiotagged 6 turtles, and the remaining 5 turtles served as controls. We captured and handled all turtles similarly during treatments. We collected feces daily prior to attachment (14 June-05 July 2002), while transmitters were attached (06 July-02 August 2002), and after transmitters were removed (03 August-24 August 2002). We conducted a standard assay validation and found that the assay accurately and precisely quantified fecal glucocorticoid metabolites of box turtles. We did not find a significant effect of radiotransmitter attachment on fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels of three-toed box turtles (F-1,F-9 =0.404, P=0.541). Fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels of control and treatment turtles increased significantly during the study (F-2,(166)=7.874,P= 0.001), but there was no treatment: period interaction (F-2,F-166=0.856, P=0.427). Additionally, we did not find a significant relationship between glucocorticoid metabolite levels and time in captivity (r(2)=0.01, F-1,F-179=2.89, P=0.091) or maximum daily temperature (r(2) < 0.01, F-1,F-179=0.301, P=0.584). Our results suggested that radiotransmitter attachment did not significantly increase fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels in adult three-toed box turtles; however, we conducted our study in captivity and sample sizes were small. Thus, more research is needed to assess potential effects of radiotransmitters on turtles in the wild. We believe this study is the first to validate the use of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite measures for reptiles, which might prove useful in other research studies.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   USDA, APHIS, WS, NWRC, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
   Missouri Dept Conservat, Jefferson City, MO 65109 USA.
RP Rittenhouse, CD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM cdr6cf@mizzou.edu
RI Rittenhouse, Chadwick/G-7169-2012
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 11
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0091-7648
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 706
EP 713
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[706:EOROFG]2.0.CO;2
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600033
ER

PT J
AU Seward, NW
   Maehr, DS
   Gassett, JW
   Cox, JJ
   Larkin, JL
AF Seward, NW
   Maehr, DS
   Gassett, JW
   Cox, JJ
   Larkin, JL
TI From the Field: Field searches versus vaginal implant transmitters for
   locating elk calves
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Cervus elaphus; elk; neonate; parturition; radiotelemetry;
   translocation; vaginal implant transmitter
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; DOE BEHAVIOR; FAWNS; MORTALITY; CAPTURE; PREDATION;
   MINNESOTA; SURVIVAL
AB We compared the utility of vaginal implant transmitters (VITs) and field searches for locating elk (Cervus elaphus) calves in southeastern Kentucky during the spring of 2001. Retention of VITs among 40 adult females ranged from 1-276 days ((x) over bar =61.6 +/- 8.4 [SE] days). Approximately half of the transmitters (n=19) were expelled prematurely or malfunctioned. Two of 37 (5%) transmitters in translocated females performed as designed and led to calf capture. We captured more calves (n=9 in 2001; n=16 in 2002) by searching areas where elk exhibited parturition behavior. We suggest that manufacturers refine the current VIT design to increase its application and cost-effectiveness.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
   Kentucky Dept Fish & Wildlife, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA.
RP Seward, NW (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM nathan.w.seward@aphis.usda.gov
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0091-7648
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SUM
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 751
EP 755
DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[751:FTFFSV]2.0.CO;2
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 974FV
UT WOS:000232577600040
ER

PT J
AU Bradford, JB
   Hicke, JA
   Lauenroth, WK
AF Bradford, JB
   Hicke, JA
   Lauenroth, WK
TI The relative importance of light-use efficiency modifications from
   environmental conditions and cultivation for estimation of large-scale
   net primary productivity
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE net primary production; light-use efficiency; grasslands; croplands;
   remote sensing; absorbed photosynthetically active radiation; normalized
   difference vegetation index; cultivation; cropping
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
   SOLAR-RADIATION; CORN CANOPIES; UNITED-STATES; LAND-SURFACE; SATELLITE;
   YIELD; MODEL
AB Understanding spatial and temporal variation in net primary production (NPP), the amount of carbon fixed into biomass by vegetation, is a central goal of ecosystem ecologists. Optical remote sensing techniques can help address this need by providing accurate, consistent, and reliable approximations of photosynthetic activity at large scales. However, converting photosynthetic activity into NPP requires estimates of light-use efficiency, which has been shown to vary among vegetation types. In this study. we compare remotely sensed estimates of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation with ground-based NPP estimates to determine appropriate light-use efficiency values for grasslands and croplands. We contrast the performance of models with and without information about vegetation type and light-use efficiency downregulation due to unfavorable environmental conditions. Our results suggest that: 1) current models may include overestimates of grassland light-use efficiency; 2) including vegetation information in light-use efficiency calculations causes a dramatically better fit between ground-based and remotely sensed estimates of primary production, and 3) incorporating environmental downregulation to light-use efficiency yields only minor improvements, which may be a result specific to annual estimates in grassland and cropland systems. In addition, this study presents a regional dataset of ground-based primary production estimates that may prove useful for future studies. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Bradford, JB (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mtn Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM jbbradford@fs.fed.us
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Hicke, Jeff/M-9677-2013
NR 44
TC 29
Z9 36
U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD MAY 30
PY 2005
VL 96
IS 2
BP 246
EP 255
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2005.02.013
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
   Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
   Photographic Technology
GA 942LV
UT WOS:000230284800009
ER

PT J
AU Engels, FM
   Jung, HJG
AF Engels, FM
   Jung, HJG
TI Alfalfa stem tissues: Impact of lignification and cell length on ruminal
   degradation of large particles
SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE alfalfa; Medicago sativa; stem tissues; depth of degradation; cell
   length; lignitication
ID DEGRADABILITY; BREAKDOWN
AB A series of experiments were conducted with alfalfa to determine how extensively rumen microorganisms can degrade various tissues within large stem pieces. The seventh internode from the base of the stem was collected from alfalfa clone 718 after 4 weeks of regrowth. Internode length and diameter were measured, and approximately 2 cm stem pieces were excised from the internodes. Stem pieces were incubated with rumen fluid in vitro for 24 h. Bee's wax was used to coat the stem pieces to prevent microbial access other than at one end of the stem pieces. After exposure to the rumen microorganisms, stem pieces were serially cross-sectioned starting at the exposed surface. Sections were examined by light microscopy to determine which tissues had been degraded and to what depth into the stem piece degradation had occurred. Non-lignified alfalfa stem tissues (chlorenchyma, collenchyma, cambium, and primary xylem parenchyma) were degraded to great depth (3700-8200 mu m) in stem pieces, but degradation of lignified tissues (phloem fibres and xylem fibres) was much more limited (150-1360 mu m). Depth of degradation was greater in stem pieces derived from long internodes compared to short internodes. Using longitudinal sections and isolated cells of stem tissues, it was found that mean cell length increased by approximately 50% with a doubling of internode length for all tissues examined. Many cell layers of non-lignified tissues were degraded whereas only the exposed cell layer of lignified tissues exposed at the cut end of the internode pieces was susceptible to degradation. Depth of degradation for non-lignified tissues was attributed to a combination of cell wall degradability, cell length, and the presence of intercellular spaces in chlorenchyma tissue. The lignitied wall established a complete barrier to degradation of cells below those mechanically ruptured. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Dept Crop & Weed Ecol, NL-6709 RZ Wageningen, Netherlands.
   USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Engels, FM (reprint author), Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Dept Crop & Weed Ecol, Haarweg 333, NL-6709 RZ Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM ferdinand.engels@wur.nl
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-8401
J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH
JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 28
PY 2005
VL 120
IS 3-4
BP 309
EP 321
DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.03.003
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 931BH
UT WOS:000229460300009
ER

PT J
AU Shang, F
   Deng, GJ
   Liu, Q
   Guo, WM
   Haas, AL
   Crosas, B
   Finley, D
   Taylor, A
AF Shang, F
   Deng, GJ
   Liu, Q
   Guo, WM
   Haas, AL
   Crosas, B
   Finley, D
   Taylor, A
TI Lys(6)-modified ubiquitin inhibits ubiquitin-dependent protein
   degradation
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LENS EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MULTIUBIQUITIN CHAIN; ACTIVATING ENZYME;
   OXIDATIVE STRESS; POLYUBIQUITIN CHAINS; CALORIE RESTRICTION;
   RETICULOCYTE LYSATE; 20S PROTEASOME; KAPPA-B; PROTEOLYSIS
AB Ubiquitin plays essential roles in various cellular processes; therefore, it is of keen interest to study the structure-function relationship of ubiquitin itself. We investigated the modification of Lys(6) of ubiquitin and its physiological consequences. Mass spectrometry-based peptide mapping and N-terminal sequencing demonstrated that, of the 7 Lys residues in ubiquitin, Lys6 was the most readily labeled with sulfosuccinimidobiotin. Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin was incorporated into high molecular mass ubiquitin conjugates as efficiently as unmodified ubiquitin. However, Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin inhibited ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, as conjugates formed with Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin were resistant to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitins with a mutation of Lys(6) had similar phenotypes as Lys(6)-biotinylated ubiquitin. Lys(6) mutant ubiquitins (K6A, K6R, and K6W) also inhibited ATP-dependent proteolysis and caused accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates. Conjugates formed with K6W mutant ubiquitin were also resistant to proteasomal degradation. The dominant-negative effect of Lys(6)-modified ubiquitin was further demonstrated in intact cells. Overexpression of K6W mutant ubiquitin resulted in accumulation of intracellular ubiquitin conjugates, stabilization of typical substrates for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, and enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress. Taken together, these results show that Lys(6)-modified ubiquitin is a potent and specific inhibitor of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRCA, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, HNRCA, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM fu.shang@tufts.edu
RI Guo, Weimin/B-3155-2009
OI Guo, Weimin/0000-0003-4318-7154
FU NEI NIH HHS [EY13250, R01 EY011717, R01 EY011717-07, R29 EY011717, R01
   EY011717-06A1, R01 EY013250, EY11717]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM034009,
   GM34009]
NR 60
TC 55
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD MAY 27
PY 2005
VL 280
IS 21
BP 20365
EP 20374
DI 10.1074/jbc.M414356200
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 927ZX
UT WOS:000229242000027
PM 15790562
ER

PT J
AU Wright, SI
   Bi, IV
   Schroeder, SG
   Yamasaki, M
   Doebley, JF
   McMullen, MD
   Gaut, BS
AF Wright, SI
   Bi, IV
   Schroeder, SG
   Yamasaki, M
   Doebley, JF
   McMullen, MD
   Gaut, BS
TI The effects of artificial selection of the maize genome
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES; DOMESTICATION; DIVERSITY; POLYMORPHISM;
   TEOSINTE; PATTERN; GENE; DEMOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; MODELS
AB Domestication promotes rapid phenotypic evolution through artificial selection. We investigated the genetic history by which the wild grass teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) was domesticated into modem maize (Z. mays ssp. mays). Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 774 genes indicates that 2 to 4% of these genes experienced artificial selection. The remaining genes retain evidence of a population bottleneck associated with domestication. Candidate selected genes with putative function in plant growth are clustered near quantitative trait loci that contribute to phenotypic differences between maize and teosinte. If we assume that our sample of genes is representative, 1200 genes throughout the maize genome have been affected by artificial selection.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Genom & Bioinformat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   York Univ, Dept Biol, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
   Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Plant Sci Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Gaut, BS (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM bgaut@uci.edu
RI Wright, Stephen/C-3113-2008
OI Wright, Stephen/0000-0001-9973-9697
NR 25
TC 425
Z9 455
U1 7
U2 73
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAY 27
PY 2005
VL 308
IS 5726
BP 1310
EP 1314
DI 10.1126/science.1107891
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 931JT
UT WOS:000229482300048
PM 15919994
ER

PT J
AU Gahr, SA
   Rodriguez, MF
   Rexroad, CE
AF Gahr, SA
   Rodriguez, MF
   Rexroad, CE
TI Identification and expression profile of the ID gene family in the
   rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION
LA English
DT Article
DE inhibitor of differentiation/DNA binding; embryonic expression; gene
   structure; tissue distribution; real-time PCR
ID LOOP-HELIX PROTEINS; DNA-BINDING; CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; STRUCTURAL
   ORGANIZATION; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; XENOPUS EMBRYOS; CELL-CYCLE;
   DIFFERENTIATION; SEQUENCE; PATTERN
AB ID proteins are negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors governing growth and development in mammals. However, little is known about the ID gene function and expression in fish. We report the identification and characterization of two new rainbow trout ID genes (ID1D and ID2B) and extend our expression analyses of two previously identified ID genes (ID1A and ID2A). Phylogenetic analyses indicate an evolutionary relationship between ID1A and ID1D and between ID1B and ID1C, suggesting a mechanism of divergence throughout salmonid evolution. To access the expression of these genes in adult and developing fish, we measured the relative transcript abundance of four ID1 and two ID2 genes by real-time PCR. ID1 transcripts were expressed in a variety of tissues and the ID1 paralogues showed similar patterns of expression, whereas the ID2 paralogues were differentially expressed. To access the role of the ID genes during embryonic development, gene expression was measured at early (day 0 and day 2), mid (day 9 and day 18) and late (day 30 and day 50) embryonic development. ID1A and ID1D expression remained unchanged throughout embryonic development, while ID1B and ID1C were lowest during early, highest at mid, and decreased during late embryonic development. The ID2 transcripts revealed the highest expression in unfertilized eggs and day 2 embryos, and remained low throughout the remainder of embryonic development. The sequence analyses and gene expression patterns implicate gene and genome duplication in rainbow trout ID gene evolution and suggest an extensive role for the IDs in rainbow trout growth and development. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
RP Rexroad, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM crexroad@ncccwa.ars.usda.gov
RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010
OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X
NR 42
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-4781
J9 BBA-GENE STRUCT EXPR
JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Struct. Expression
PD MAY 25
PY 2005
VL 1729
IS 1
BP 64
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2005.03.007
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 933YG
UT WOS:000229668300009
PM 15866514
ER

PT J
AU Zaika, LL
   Phillips, JG
AF Zaika, LL
   Phillips, JG
TI Model for the combined effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride
   concentration on survival of Shigella flexneri strain 5348 under aerobic
   conditions
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Shigella flexneri; response surface models; inactivation kinetics;
   temperature; pH; NaCl
ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; GROWTH; INACTIVATION; BROTH; KINETICS; SONNEI;
   FOODS
AB Shigella is recognized as a major foodbome pathogen; however, relatively few studies have been reported on its growth and survival characteristics, particularly under conditions relevant to food. A fractional factorial design was used to measure the effects and interactions of temperature (4-37 degrees C), pH (2-6) and NaCl (0.5-9%) on survival kinetics of Shigella flexneri strain 5348 in BHI broth. Stationary-phase cells were inoculated into sterile media to give initial populations of 6-7 log(10) CFU/ml and bacterial populations were determined periodically by aerobic plate counts. A total of 267 cultures, representing 83 variable combinations of temperature, pH and NaCl concentration, were analyzed. Survivor curves were fitted from plate count data by means of a two-phase linear model to determine lag times and slopes of the curves, from which decimal reduction times (D-values) and times to a 4-log(10) inactivation (t(4D).) were calculated. Second order response. surface models in terms of temperature, initial pH and NaCl concentration were obtained for the inactivation kinetics parameters of S. flexneri using regression analysis. The use of log(10) transformation of the inactivation kinetics parameters yielded models with R-2 values of > 0.8. These models can provide an estimate of Shigella inactivation. The data obtained suggest that Shigella is resistant to acid and salt and that low pH foods stored at low temperatures may serve as vehicles for gastrointestinal illness. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
   USDA ARS, N Atlantic Area Off, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Zaika, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM jphilips@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1605
J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL
JI Int. J. Food Microbiol.
PD MAY 25
PY 2005
VL 101
IS 2
BP 179
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.004
PG 9
WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
GA 929PE
UT WOS:000229357400006
PM 15862880
ER

PT J
AU Kenney, SJ
   Anderson, GL
   Williams, PL
   Millner, PD
   Beuchat, LR
AF Kenney, SJ
   Anderson, GL
   Williams, PL
   Millner, PD
   Beuchat, LR
TI Persistence of Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Salmonella Newport, and
   Salmonella Poona in the gut of a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis
   elegans, and transmission to progeny and uninfected nematodes
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Escherichia coli O157 : H7; Salmonella enterica serotype Poona;
   Salmonella enterica serotype Newport; nematodes; Caenorhabditis elegans
ID FOODBORNE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA; PROTECTION; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; MODEL;
   HOST
AB A study was undertaken to determine the persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and salmonellae in the gut of a free-living nematode. Caenorhabditis elegans, as affected by temperature and relative humidity and to determine if infected worms transmit Salmonella enterica serotype Newport to progeny and uninfected worms. Worms were fed cells of a non-pathogenic strain of E. coli (OP50), E. coli O157:H7, S. enterica serotype Newport, and S. enterica scrotype Poona, followed by incubating at 4, 20, or 37 degrees C for up to 5 days. initial populations of ingested pathogens significantly increased by up to 2.93 log(10) cfu/worm within 1 day at 20 degrees C on K agar and remained constant for an additional 4 days. When worms were placed on Bacto agar, Populations of ingested pathogens remained constant at 4 T, decreased significantly at 20 T, and increased significantly at 37 degrees C within 3 days. Wortris fed E. coli OP50 or S. Newport were incubated at 4 or 20 degrees C at relative humidities of 33%. 75%, or 98% to determine survival characteristics of ingested bacteria. Fewer cells of the pathogens survived incubation at 33% relative humidity compared to higher relative humidities. Populations of ingested E. coli OP50 and S. Newport decreased by LIP to 1.65 and 3.44 log(10) cfu/worm, respectively, in worms incubated at 20 degrees C and 33% relative humidity. Placement together on K agar of adult worms, labeled with green fluorescent protein (gfp) in the pharynx area, that had ingested gfP-labeled S. Newport and uninfected wild type worms resulted in transfer of the pathogen to gut of wild type worms. S. Newport was isolated from C elegans two generations removed from exposure to the pathogen. Results of these studies show that C. elegans may serve as a temporary reservoir of foodborne pathogens, and could perhaps, be a vector for contaminating preharvest fruits and vegetables, thus potentially increasing the risk of enteric infections associated with consumption of raw produce. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   USDA ARS, BA, ANRI, SASL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Beuchat, LR (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
EM lbeuchat@uga.edu
NR 26
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1605
J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL
JI Int. J. Food Microbiol.
PD MAY 25
PY 2005
VL 101
IS 2
BP 227
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.11.043
PG 10
WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology
GA 929PE
UT WOS:000229357400010
PM 15862884
ER

PT J
AU Ding, XC
   Lillehoj, HS
   Dalloul, RA
   Min, WG
   Sato, T
   Yasuda, A
   Lillehoj, EP
AF Ding, XC
   Lillehoj, HS
   Dalloul, RA
   Min, WG
   Sato, T
   Yasuda, A
   Lillehoj, EP
TI In ovo vaccination with the Eimeria tenella EtMIC2 gene induces
   protective immunity against coccidiosis
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA immunization; chicken; oocyst; microneme; in ovo; Eimeria
ID BURSAL DISEASE VIRUS; DNA VACCINE; EMBRYO VACCINATION; BROILER CHICKS;
   MAREKS-DISEASE; IMMUNIZATION; ACERVULINA; ANTIGEN; INFECTION; PARASITE
AB An Eimeria tenella microneme recombinant gene (EtMIC2) and encoded protein were evaluated as potential vaccines against avian coccidiosis. In ovo inoculation with the EtMIC2 gene increased anti-EtMIC2 antibody titers at days 10 and 17 following E. tenella infection. In addition, vaccinated birds developed protective immunity against infection by E. tenella as assessed by significantly increased body weight gain and decreased fecal oocyst shedding compared with non-vaccinated controls. Vaccination with the EtMIC2 gene also led to protective immunity against infection by E. acervulina, but not E. maxima. Combined in ovo DNA vaccination plus post-hatch boosting with EtMIC2 DNA or protein did not improve antibody titers or protective immunity beyond that achieved with in ovo vaccination alone. These results provide evidence that in ovo immunization with a recombinant Eimeria microneme gene stimulates protective intestinal immunity against coccidiosis. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USDA, BARC E, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Sunchon Natl Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Sunchon 540742, Chonnam, South Korea.
   Zeon Corp, R&D Ctr, Kawasaki Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2109507, Japan.
   Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA, BARC E, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov
OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366; Dalloul, Rami/0000-0003-4690-9220
NR 34
TC 51
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD MAY 25
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 28
BP 3733
EP 3740
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.114
PG 8
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 931KK
UT WOS:000229484000015
PM 15882535
ER

PT J
AU Kemanian, AR
   Stockle, CO
   Huggins, DR
AF Kemanian, AR
   Stockle, CO
   Huggins, DR
TI Transpiration-use efficiency of barley
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE transpiration-use efficiency; barley; wheat; c(i)/c(a); air vapor
   pressure deficit
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; MEDITERRANEAN-TYPE
   ENVIRONMENT; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; MODERN WHEAT CULTIVARS; CROP YIELD;
   STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DRYLAND WHEAT; WINTER-WHEAT; GROWTH
AB Transpiration-use efficiency, the ratio of biomass (Y) produced per unit of water transpired (T) by a crop, depends on crop characteristics and on the environment in which crops develop. Transpiration-use efficiency has been described as Y/T = k(c)/D-a, where k(c) is a crop dependent constant and D-a is the daytime air vapor pressure deficit. Our objectives were to determine Y/T and k(c) of barley grown in Pullman, WA, and to analyze the variation in Y/T and k(c) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reported in the literature. Transpiration and biomass accumulation of barley crops were measured in the years 2000 and 2001. The coefficient k(c) was estimated as the slope of the regression between cumulative values of biomass and T/D-a. It ranged from 6.6 +/- 0.4 to 6.9 +/- 0.2 Pa. These figures are greater than 5.8 Pa obtained by applying equations developed by Tanner and Sinclair [Tanner, C.B., Sinclair, T.R., 1983. Efficient water use in crop production: research or re-search. In: Taylor, H.M., et al. (Eds.), Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production. ASA, Madison, WI. pp. 1-27]. Data on kc reported in the literature, although scarce, ranged from 3.0 to 5.9 Pa for barley, and from 2.8 to 6.7 Pa for wheat, with the lower values occurring at low D-a (< 1 kPa). This variability seems to associate with the response of the internal (leaf) to external (bulk air) CO2 concentration ratio (c(i)/c(u)) to changes of the leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (D-1), suggesting that k(c) rather than a constant could be a function of D-1. The evaluation of more field data on k(c), the field validation of the response of c(i)/c(a) to D-1, and testing this approach for different species and cultivars is needed to improve the understanding of the Y/T determination at the canopy level. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Kemanian, AR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM armen@wsunix.wsu.edu; stockle@wsu.edu; dhuggins@wsu.edu
NR 43
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 3
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAY 24
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.01.003
PG 11
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 938RG
UT WOS:000230020000001
ER

PT J
AU Warren, JM
   Meinzer, FC
   Brooks, JR
   Domec, JC
AF Warren, JM
   Meinzer, FC
   Brooks, JR
   Domec, JC
TI Vertical stratification of soil water storage and release dynamics in
   Pacific Northwest coniferous forests
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE root water uptake; soil water modeling; water retention curve; hydraulic
   redistribution; water potential; volumetric water content; Douglas-fir;
   Ponderosa pine
ID PONDEROSA PINE ECOSYSTEMS; DOUGLAS-FIR; OLD-GROWTH; VAPOR EXCHANGE;
   HYDRAULIC REDISTRIBUTION; SAP FLOW; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE;
   CARBON-DIOXIDE; SANDY SOIL; YOUNG
AB We characterized vertical variation in the seasonal release of stored soil moisture in old-growth ponderosa pine (OG-PP, xeric), and young and old-growth Douglas-fir (Y-DF, OG-DF, mesic) forests to evaluate changes in water availability for root uptake. Soil water potential (psi) and volumetric water content (theta) were measured concurrently at 10 cm intervals to 1 m depth to create in situ soil water retention curves (SWRC) under drying conditions. Non-linear regression was used to fit SWRC specific to each depth and site. We also quantified root biomass, soil texture, and hydraulic redistribution (HR) of soil water by roots to identify factors affecting the seasonal dynamics of root water uptake and depletion from the soil profile. Soil theta measured at a particular psi increased with soil depth, and was strongly dependent upon soil texture. For example, when psi was -0.1 MPa, theta ranged from 13% at 20 cm to 35% at 100 cm for the OG-DF forest. Soil texture and bulk density accounted for 60-90% of the variation in the SWRC. As the summer drought progressed, water extraction shifted to the deeper layers, and recharge from HR approached 0.15 mm day(-1) in the upper 60 cm for all sites. Total water use from the upper 2 m at all sites peaked between 1.5-2.5 mm day(-1) in mid-July and then declined to 0.5-1.0 mm day(-1) by the end of the dry season. Total fine root biomass in the upper 1 m was 0.77 kg m(-2) (OG-PP), 1.08 kg m(-2) (OG-DF) and 1.15 kg m(-2) (Y-DF), with 40% (PP) to 60% (DF) of fine roots located in the upper 20 cm. However, the upper 20 cm only accounted for 20% of total water depletion from the upper 2 m at peak water uptake, declining to 4-6% later in the season, illustrating the contribution of deeper roots to water uptake. Nevertheless, daily water uptake from the entire 2 m profile was strongly dependent on water potential at 20 cm, indicating that fine roots in the upper soil may play an important role in regulating water uptake through hydraulic effects on stomatal conductance. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Warren, JM (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM jeffwarren@fs.fed.us
RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012
OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; 
NR 58
TC 92
Z9 100
U1 1
U2 44
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAY 24
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 1-2
BP 39
EP 58
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.01.004
PG 20
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 938RG
UT WOS:000230020000004
ER

PT J
AU Pypker, TG
   Bond, BJ
   Link, TE
   Marks, D
   Unsworth, MH
AF Pypker, TG
   Bond, BJ
   Link, TE
   Marks, D
   Unsworth, MH
TI The importance of canopy structure in controlling the interception loss
   of rainfall: Examples from a young and an old-growth Douglas-fir forest
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Douglas-fir forests; canopy water storage capacity; Gash model; rainfall
   interception
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; 2-LAYER STOCHASTIC-MODEL; ADAPTED ANALYTICAL MODEL;
   STORAGE CAPACITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; CROWN STRUCTURE; WESTERN OREGON;
   SITKA SPRUCE; PINE FOREST; DROP SIZE
AB The canopy water storage capacity (S), direct throughfall fraction (p), the ratio of evaporation to rainfall intensity ((E) over bar/(R) over bar) and interception loss (I-n), of a Douglas-fir forest are influenced by short (seasonal) and long-term (decades to centuries) changes in the forest canopy. Gross precipitation (P-G) and net precipitation (P-n) were measured in a young (25-year-old) Douglas-fir forest and the results compared with measurements previously made in a nearby old-growth (> 450-year-old) Douglas-fir forest [Link, T.E., Unsworth, M.H., Marks, D., 2004. The dynamics of rainfall interception by a seasonal temperate rainforest. Agric. Forest Meteorol. 124, 171-191.]. Canopy rainfall variables were estimated using a regression-based method that estimates S,p and (E) over bar/(R) over bar for individual storms using the relationship between P-G and P-n. The individual storm estimates of S, p and (E) over bar/(R) over bar for the young forest were applied to a rainfall interception model (Gash model [Gash, J.H.C., 1979. An analytical model of rainfall interception by forest. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 105, 43-55.]) to determine the effect of seasonal changes in canopy hydrologic variables have on estimates of I-n (young forest only). The Gash model was previously applied to the old-growth forest [Link, T.E., Unsworth, M.H., Marks, D., 2004. The dynamics of rainfall interception by a seasonal temperate rainforest. Agric. Forest Meteorol. 124, 171-191.].
   The young forest had significantly different S (1.40 mm +/- 0.27) and p (0.12 +/- 0.07) relative to the old-growth forest (S = 3.32 +/- 0.35; p = 0.42 +/- 0.07). Seasonal variation in canopy structure, such as deciduous leaf senescence and coniferous needle drop, were correlated with decreases in S. The differences in S and p between the two forests resulted in an I-n that was only slightly larger in the old-growth forest because the (E) over bar/(R) over bar for the two forests were similar (young = 0.18 +/- 0.06; old-growth = 0.17 +/- 0.08). (E) over bar/(R) over bar in the young and old-growth forests may have been similar because developmental changes associated with old-growth forest may alter the external resistance (r(a)) and the effective area for evaporation.
   The Gash model successfully predicted I-n for the young forest on a seasonal basis (3.29% error), but experienced larger errors (range = -91 to 36% error) for individual storms. The seasonal error and the error for individual storms improved when seasonal variations in canopy characteristics were incorporated in the model (seasonal error = 2.37%; individual storm error range = -12.0 to 21.7%). Therefore. short-term (seasonal) changes in phenology and long-term (decades to centuries) horizontal and vertical development of the forest canopy influence S, p, I-n and (E) over bar/(R) over bar of Douglas-fir forests, (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
   USDA ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Pypker, TG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Peavy Hall 154, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM pypkert@coas.oregonstate.edu
RI Link, Timothy/G-5556-2012
NR 74
TC 77
Z9 89
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAY 24
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 1-2
BP 113
EP 129
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.03.003
PG 17
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 938RG
UT WOS:000230020000009
ER

PT J
AU Blumenthal, DM
   Jordan, NR
   Svenson, EL
AF Blumenthal, DM
   Jordan, NR
   Svenson, EL
TI Effects of prairie restoration on weed invasions
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE competition; invasiveness; propagules; succession; weed control
ID PLANT-POPULATIONS; NITROGEN GRADIENT; INVASIBILITY; COMPETITION;
   DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; RESISTANCE; SUCCESSION; GRASSES; SEED
AB Restoration of late-successional plant communities may reduce weed invasion in non-cropland. In studies of natural succession and invasion, however, the presence of late-successional vegetation is often confounded with lower weed propagule pressure and greater time since disturbance. This paper reports a study in which propagule pressure and time since disturbance were controlled by adding weed species to experimental plots dominated by early and late-successional perennial grass species. Seeds of 12 weed species were added to randomized, 6-year-old plots of restored prairie and non-restored, old-field vegetation. Restoration reduced added weed biomass by 92% in year one and 72% in year two, and reduced biomass of four individual weed species, each by more than 82%. Likely mechanisms through which restoration may have reduced invasion include competition and establishment limitation. To examine these mechanisms, subplots were treated with N addition and burning, to reduce competition and remove litter, respectively. Several patterns suggest that competition may have mediated reductions in weed invasion: restoration increased biomass of resident vegetation, decreased light levels, and decreased weed size. Furthermore, adding N reduced effects of restoration on resident and added weeds. The importance of establishment limitation in reducing invasion is suggested by increased litter mass and decreased weed density with restoration. Burning removed litter, and reduced effects of restoration on added weeds. These results suggest that tallgrass prairie restoration can reduce weed invasion, and that this reduction may involve multiple mechanisms, including competition and establishment limitation. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Blumenthal, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM dana.blumenthal@ars.usda.gov
RI Blumenthal, Dana/J-3106-2012
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD MAY 20
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 2-3
BP 221
EP 230
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2004.11.008
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 919CR
UT WOS:000228596400011
ER

PT J
AU Liu, YQ
AF Liu, YQ
TI Enhancement of the 1988 northern U.S. drought due to wildfires
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL; NUCLEAR WINTER; UNITED-STATES; AEROSOLS; SMOKE;
   VARIABILITY; SIMULATIONS; FIRES
AB Drought provides a favourable environment for the ignition and spread of intense wildfires. This study examines the opposite relationship between the two natural disasters, that is, the role of wildfires in the development of drought. The case of the 1988 northern U. S. wildfires is investigated. Emissions of smoke particles from the wildfires and the resulting optical depth are estimated using wildfire data and empirical algorithms. Radiative forcing of the smoke particles and atmospheric response are simulated using a regional climate model. It is found that absorption of solar radiation by smoke particles weakens the North America trough in the middle latitudes, which is a major generator of precipitation in the Midwest. Rainfall in this region is therefore reduced, providing evidence for the role of wildfires in enhancing drought.
C1 USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Liu, YQ (reprint author), USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Forest Serv, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM yliu@fs.fed.us
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAY 20
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 10
AR L10806
DI 10.1029/2005GL022411
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 932WH
UT WOS:000229584700001
ER

PT J
AU Jacob, F
   Olioso, A
AF Jacob, F
   Olioso, A
TI Derivation of diurnal courses of albedo and reflected solar irradiance
   from airborne POLDER data acquired near solar noon
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-SURFACE ALBEDO; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; SEVIRI/MSG OBSERVING SYSTEM;
   CANOPY RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; BROAD-BAND CONVERSION; BIDIRECTIONAL
   REFLECTANCE; NARROW-BAND; SATELLITE DATA; HEMISPHERICAL REFLECTANCE;
   ENERGY-BALANCE
AB [ 1] Knowledge of the diurnal course of land surface albedo is needed for monitoring radiative transfers between soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. These transfers are of interest for crop monitoring, hydrological cycle modeling, weather forecast, and climate modeling. The required absolute accuracy ranges between 0.02 and 0.05. At the present time, it is possible to derive the diurnal course of albedo from geostationary satellites. Sun-synchronous sensors, with higher spatial resolutions, allow retrieving surface radiative properties by both discriminating different types of land cover and capturing the subclass variability. However, the current possibilities for deriving the diurnal course of albedo from Sun-synchronous observations are empirical or mathematically complex. We proposed in this paper a physically based method, which is candidate for operational use along with multiangular Sun-synchronous sensors, under clear-sky conditions. This method uses both reciprocal kernel-driven bidirectional reflectance distribution function (KD BRDF) models and narrowband to broadband (NTB) conversion. It was implemented and validated using the Alpilles-RESEDA database which was collected over agricultural areas. The implementation was performed using the 20 m spatial resolution airborne POLDER data acquired near midday. The validation was conducted using field measurements of albedo, recorded over the diurnal cycle. The retrievals of the diurnal course of albedo were good, with errors ranging from 0.026 to 0.029. Better results were observed for instantaneous values at solar noon and times close to satellite overpasses as well as for the daily mean value, with errors ranging between 0.014 and 0.022. Among the selected reciprocal KD BRDF models, Li-Ross systematically provided the best results, regardless of considered albedo product. Further, using instantaneous values at times close to satellite overpasses, in place of the daily mean value, did not yield significant differences, with errors ranging around 0.01. Finally, we assessed the interest of deriving the diurnal course of reflected solar irradiance by using the several albedo products aforementioned. For the environmental conditions of the Alpilles-RESEDA experiment, the resulting differences were not significant, with accuracies better than 20 W m(-2).
C1 Inst Natl Rech Agron, Unite Climat Sol & Environm, F-84914 Avignon, France.
   ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA.
RP Jacob, F (reprint author), Ecole Super Agr Purpan, Lab Teledetect & Gest Territoires, 75 Voie TOEC, F-31076 Toulouse, France.
EM frederic.jacob@esa-purpan.fr; olioso@avignon.inra.fr
RI Jacob, Frederic/A-5946-2011
OI Jacob, Frederic/0000-0002-2491-3096
NR 77
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAY 20
PY 2005
VL 110
IS D10
AR D10104
DI 10.1029/2004JD004888
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 932WM
UT WOS:000229585200001
ER

PT J
AU Snelling, WM
   Casas, E
   Stone, RT
   Keele, JW
   Harhay, GP
   Bennett, GL
   Smith, TPL
AF Snelling, WM
   Casas, E
   Stone, RT
   Keele, JW
   Harhay, GP
   Bennett, GL
   Smith, TPL
TI Linkage mapping bovine EST-based SNP
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MEAT TENDERNESS; COMPARATIVE MAP; GENOME;
   CATTLE; SEQUENCE; MICROSATELLITES; RECOMBINATION; ASSOCIATION;
   HAPLOTYPES
AB Background: Existing linkage maps of the bovine genome primarily contain anonymous microsatellite markers. These maps have proved valuable for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) to broad regions of the genome, but more closely spaced markers are needed to fine-map QTL, and markers associated with genes and annotated sequence are needed to identify genes and sequence variation that may explain QTL.
   Results: Bovine expressed sequence tag ( EST) and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequence data were used to develop 918 single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) markers to map genes on the bovine linkage map. DNA of sires from the MARC reference population was used to detect SNPs, and progeny and mates of heterozygous sires were genotyped. Chromosome assignments for 861 SNPs were determined by twopoint analysis, and positions for 735 SNPs were established by multipoint analyses. Linkage maps of bovine autosomes with these SNPs represent 4585 markers in 2475 positions spanning 3058 cM. Markers include 3612 microsatellites, 913 SNPs and 60 other markers. Mean separation between marker positions is 1.2 cM. New SNP markers appear in 511 positions, with mean separation of 4.7 cM. Multi-allelic markers, mostly microsatellites, had a mean (maximum) of 216 (366) informative meioses, and a mean 3-lod confidence interval of 3.6 cM Bi-allelic markers, including SNP and other marker types, had a mean (maximum) of 55 ( 191) informative meioses, and were placed within a mean 8.5 cM 3-lod confidence interval. Homologous human sequences were identified for 1159 markers, including 582 newly developed and mapped SNP.
   Conclusion: Addition of these EST- and BAC-based SNPs to the bovine linkage map not only increases marker density, but provides connections to gene-rich physical maps, including annotated human sequence. The map provides a resource for fine-mapping quantitative trait loci and identification of positional candidate genes, and can be integrated with other data to guide and refine assembly of bovine genome sequence. Even after the bovine genome is completely sequenced, the map will continue to be a useful tool to link observable phenotypes and animal genotypes to underlying genes and molecular mechanisms influencing economically important beef and dairy traits.
C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Snelling, WM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Spur 18D,Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM snelling@email.marc.usda.gov; casas@email.marc.usda.gov;
   stone@email.marc.usda.gov; keele@email.marc.usda.gov;
   harhay@email.marc.usda.gov; bennett@email.marc.usda.gov;
   smith@email.marc.usda.gov
RI Keele, John/A-5846-2009
NR 29
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD MAY 19
PY 2005
VL 6
AR 74
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-6-74
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 940LC
UT WOS:000230145000001
PM 15943875
ER

PT J
AU Biga, PR
   Peterson, BC
   Schelling, GT
   Hardy, RW
   Cain, KD
   Overturf, K
   Ott, TL
AF Biga, PR
   Peterson, BC
   Schelling, GT
   Hardy, RW
   Cain, KD
   Overturf, K
   Ott, TL
TI Bovine growth hormone treatment increased IGF-I in circulation and
   induced the production of a specific immune response in rainbow trout
   (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE GH; growth; IGF-1; Posilac (R); trout
ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; MUSCLE
   COMPOSITION; BODY-COMPOSITION; KISUTCH; TILAPIA; GH; SOMATOTROPIN;
   SOMATOSTATIN
AB Recombinant bovine growth hormone (rbGH) increases growth rates in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and this response is thought to be under the control of the GH-IGF axis, as it is in mammals. However, the mechanisms regulating fish muscle growth are poorly understood. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to examine the effects of rbGH on growth-related hormones in rainbow trout. Rainbow trout (550 +/- 10 g) received an intraperitoneal injection of rbGH (120 mu g g(-1) BW) or vehicle on days 0 and 21. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 7, and 28 and assayed for rainbow trout growth hormone (tGH), rbGH, and IGF-I. As expected, rbGH levels increased (P < 0.05) in circulation 12 h after treatment and continued to increase (P < 0.05) from day 0 to day 7 after treatment. Unexpectedly, levels of rbGH detected at day 28, 7 days after the second injection, were lower than those at day 7. Corresponding to this observation, anti-rbGH antibodies were detectable in serum from treated fish at day 28, but not at day 7. We suggest that the low levels of rbGH detected at day 28 were due to increased clearance of rbGH caused by the anti-rbGH antibodies. Treated fish also exhibited increased serum IGF-I levels (P < 0.01) following rbGH injection, while endogenous tGH did not change (P=0.28). These results suggest that the endogenous negative feedback control loop described in mammals is not activated by rbGH in rainbow trout, as tGH was unaffected by increased circulating rbGH and IGF-I. However, consistent with previous reports, rbGH does increase circulating IGF-I over time and rbGH is detectable throughout the 3-week injection period. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating specific antibody production following an exogenous rbGH injection in fish. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Idaho, Ctr Reprod Biol, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Moscow 83844, Russia.
   USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
   Univ Idaho, Ctr Reprod Biol, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID USA.
RP Ott, TL (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Ctr Reprod Biol, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Moscow 83844, Russia.
EM tott@uidaho.edu
NR 42
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-8486
J9 AQUACULTURE
JI Aquaculture
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 246
IS 1-4
BP 437
EP 445
DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.01.019
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 927PJ
UT WOS:000229205700039
ER

PT J
AU Shelver, WL
   Keum, YS
   Kim, HJ
   Rutherford, D
   Hakk, HH
   Bergman, A
   Li, QX
AF Shelver, WL
   Keum, YS
   Kim, HJ
   Rutherford, D
   Hakk, HH
   Bergman, A
   Li, QX
TI Hapten syntheses and antibody generation for the development of a
   polybrominated flame retardant ELISA
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE ELISA; immunoassay; analysis; brominated flame retardants; PBDEs;
   polybrominated diphenyl ether
ID DIPHENYL ETHERS PBDES; UNITED-STATES; MOTHERS MILK; TIME-TREND
AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants that are increasingly an environmental concern. Several antibodies were developed for the polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant BDE-47 (1), often found in the highest concentration in human milk, plasma, and adipose tissue. Four haptens with different bromine and linker substitution patterns were synthesized and utilized to generate five polyclonal antibodies from goats and two polyclonal antibodies from rabbits. Competition was assessed using four different coating antigens for all seven antibodies. The coating antigen showed marked effects on competition. When the same hapten was used for antibody and the coating antigen less competition was observed. The effect of BIDE structure on competition was evaluated by using BDE-47 (1), BDE-99 (2), BDE-100 (3), BDE-153 (4), and BDE-183 (5). None of the compounds showed high competition with antibody I-KLH, presumably because steric hindrance prevented formation of an efficient binding site. As predicted from structural considerations, BDE-47 (1) competed well with the remaining antibodies, whereas BDE-100 (3) competed well with only II-KLH. The remaining congeners (BDE-99 (2), BDE-153 (4), and BDE-183 (5)) contain bromines that cannot be positioned in binding sites and thus cross-react poorly. The competition study demonstrated that a bromine substitution on the congener could occupy a position analogous to the linker's position.
C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Biosyst Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
   Concordia Coll, Dept Chem, Moorhead, MN 56562 USA.
   Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Shelver, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM shelverw@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 3840
EP 3847
DI 10.1021/jf047863m
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000013
PM 15884805
ER

PT J
AU Wu, T
   Zivanovic, S
   Draughon, FA
   Conway, WS
   Sams, CE
AF Wu, T
   Zivanovic, S
   Draughon, FA
   Conway, WS
   Sams, CE
TI Physicochemical properties and bioactivity of fungal chitin and chitosan
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aspergillus niger; Mucor rouxii; chitin; chitosan; antibacterial
   activity; disease resistance
ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; MUCOR-ROUXII; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER;
   MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; GLUCAN COMPLEX; DERIVATIVES; CUCUMBER; PLANTS
AB Chitinous material was extracted from mycelia of Aspergillus niger and Mucor rouxii grown in yeast peptone dextrose broth for 15 and 21 days, respectively. The extracted material was characterized for purity, degree of acetylation, and crystallinity and tested for antibacterial and eliciting properties. The maximum glucosamine level determined in the mycelium of A. niger was 11.10% dw and in the mycelium of M. rouxii was 20.13% dw. On the basis of the stepwise extraction of freeze-dried mycelia, it appeared that M. rouxii mycelia contained both chitin and chitosan, whereas A. niger contained only chitin. The yields of crude chitin from A. niger and M. rouxii were 24.01 and 13.25%, respectively, and the yield of chitosan from M. rouxii was 12.49%. Significant amounts (7.42-39.81%) of glucan were associated with chitinous compounds from both species and could not be eliminated by the extraction method used. The degrees of acetylation were determined to be 76.53 and 50.07% for chitin from A. niger and M. rouxii, respectively, and 19.5% for M. rouxii chitosan. The crystallinity of fungal chitin and chitosan was estimated to be less intense than in corresponding materials from shrimp shells. The extracted chitin and chitosan in a concentration of 0.1% reduced Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 2576 counts by 0.5-1.5 logs during a 4 day incubation in tryptic soy broth at 25 &DEG; C. Furthermore, all tested chitinous materials from fungal sources significantly reduced lesions caused by Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum in harvested apples.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   Univ Tennessee, Food Safety Ctr Excellence, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
   USDA ARS, Prod Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Zivanovic, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2509 River Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM lanaz@utk.edu
RI Zivanovic, Svetlana/B-1272-2008; Wu, Tao/G-4646-2014
NR 43
TC 94
Z9 97
U1 1
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 3888
EP 3894
DI 10.1021/jf048202s
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000021
PM 15884813
ER

PT J
AU Light, DM
   Knight, A
AF Light, DM
   Knight, A
TI Specificity of codling moth (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) for the host
   plant kairomone, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-Decadienoate: Field bioassays with
   pome fruit volatiles, analogue, and isomeric compounds
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Kairomone; attractant; pear ester; host plant volatiles; codling moth;
   Cydia pomonella; monitoring; isomers; structure-activity
ID CYDIA-POMONELLA; ALPHA-FARNESENE; APPLE VOLATILES; BARTLETT PEAR;
   OVIPOSITION STIMULANT; LASPEYRESIA-POMONELLA; ATTRACTION; COMPONENTS;
   WALNUT; ADULT
AB Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a severe pest of apples, pears, and walnuts worldwide, and new approaches for precise monitoring and management would be beneficial. Ninety-two pome fruit volatiles were formulated in 23 distinct blends, of which a single 4-component blend of 10-carbon esters showed the only significant attraction of moths in field bioassays conducted in both walnut and apple orchards. A single constituent of this blend, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate-the "pear ester", was the major contributing attractant. The pear ester attracted both male and female moths in combined numbers that were comparable to the attractiveness of conspecific sex pheromone. Structure-activity tests were conducted in a series of orchard trials to determine the specificity of attraction of codling moths to the pear ester kairomone. No analogue 10-carbon alcohols, aidehydes, acetates, or other esters elicited significant moth capture responses. Tests with various analogue esters with alcohol chain length moiety substitutions of the (2E,42)-2,4-decadienoic acid elicited differential capture responses, with the ethyl exceeding the propyl, methyl, butyl, and hexyl analogues. The (E,Z) geometric isomers of this series of (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoic acid esters far exceeded the attractiveness of the (E,E) isomers. The pear ester is a potent attractant of both males and females, and codling moths are highly discriminating and specific in their structure-activity-based attraction to this pear-derived kairomone. These specificity attributes should allow this host plant kairomone to contribute to new abilities for female monitoring and the potential of development of novel and highly selective control practices that should decrease the current dependence on the use of broad-spectrum insecticides.
C1 USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
   USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Light, DM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM dlight@pw.usda.gov
NR 49
TC 17
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4046
EP 4053
DI 10.1021/jf040431r
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000045
PM 15884837
ER

PT J
AU Johnston, JJ
AF Johnston, JJ
TI Evaluation of cocoa- and coffee-derived methylxanthines as toxicants for
   the control of pest coyotes
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE methylxanthine; theobrornine; caffeine; CLOD; coyote toxicant
AB Methylxanthines were quantified in coffee, tea, and chocolate products. Tarajuilie tea from India, cocoa powder, and cocoa nibs contained the highest levels of methylxanthines. Theobromine, caffeine, and theophylline combined in the ratios observed in tea and chocolate were ingested by coyotes. Although both mixtures induced acute toxicity, the symptoms accompanying the chocolate methylxanthine mimic were preferable. Manipulation of the ratios of methylxanthines in the chocolate mimic led to the identification of a 5:1 theobromine/caffeine mixture as a promising coyote toxicant. This mixture was then administered to coyotes using the coyote lure operative device (CLOD). Mortality occurred in every coyote that ingested any portion of the CLOD contents. These results indicate that mixtures of theobromine and caffeine have the potential to be developed into a selective, effective, and socially acceptable toxicant for the control of pest coyotes.
C1 USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Johnston, JJ (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4069
EP 4075
DI 10.1021/jf050166p
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000049
PM 15884841
ER

PT J
AU Accinelli, C
   Koskinen, WC
   Seebinger, JD
   Vicari, A
   Sadowsky, MJ
AF Accinelli, C
   Koskinen, WC
   Seebinger, JD
   Vicari, A
   Sadowsky, MJ
TI Effects of incorporated corn residues on glyphosate mineralization and
   sorption in soil
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE glyphosate; corn residues; herbicide sorption; herbicide mineralization;
   genetically modified corn
ID SILT LOAM SOIL; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; HERBICIDE; TILLAGE; ADSORPTION;
   DESORPTION; TEMPERATURE; METABOLITES; MANAGEMENT; BACTERIA
AB In modern agricultural systems employing conservation tillage practices, glyphosate is widely used as a preplant burndown herbicide in a wide range of crops. Conservation tillage systems are characterized by a significant presence of crop residues at the soil surface so that glyphosate is applied to a soil matrix rich in poorly decomposed crop residues. Incorporation of corn residues in the range from 0.5 to 4% caused different effects on mineralization and sorption of [C-14]glyphosate in sandy and sandy loam soils. More specifically, low levels of incorporated corn residues did not affect or slightly stimulated herbicide mineralization in the sandy and sandy loam soils, respectively. In the sandy soil, incorporation of the highest level of corn residues (4%) caused a decrease in [C-14]-glyphosate mineralization. [C-14]Glyphosate sorption on both soil types was reduced in samples receiving high amounts of incorporated corn residues.
C1 Univ Bologna, Dept Agroenvironm Sci & Technol, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
   USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Accinelli, C (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Agroenvironm Sci & Technol, Viale Fanin 44, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
EM accinel@agrsci.unibo.it
RI Accinelli, Cesare/A-4857-2008; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; 
OI Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781; Accinelli,
   Cesare/0000-0001-8200-0108
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4110
EP 4117
DI 10.1021/jf050168r
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000055
PM 15884847
ER

PT J
AU Wang, SY
   Feng, RT
   Lu, YJ
   Bowman, L
   Ding, M
AF Wang, SY
   Feng, RT
   Lu, YJ
   Bowman, L
   Ding, M
TI Inhibitory effect on activator protein-1, nuclear factor-kappaB, and
   cell transformation by extracts of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa
   Duch.)
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE antioxidant enzymes; activator protein-1; nuclear factor-kappaB;
   mitogen-activated protein kinase; neoplastic transformation; Fragaria x
   ananassa Duch
ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION; ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE;
   ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; SCAVENGING ENZYME; TRANSGENIC MICE; TUMOR
   PROMOTION; AP-1; CANCER; FRUITS
AB The inhibitory effects of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) antioxidant enzymes on tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or ultraviolet-B (UVB) induced activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-KB) were studied. The inhibitory effects of strawberry extracts on the proliferation and transformation of human and mouse cancer cells were also evaluated. Strawberries had high activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Strawberry extracts inhibited the proliferation of human lung epithelial cancer cell line A549 and decreased TPA-induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cells. Pretreatment of JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cells with strawberry extract resulted in the inhibition of both UVB- and TPA-induced AP-1 and NF-&kappa; B transactivation. Furthermore, strawberry extract also blocked TPA-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and UVB-induced phosphorylation of ERKs and JNK kinase in JB6 P+ mouse epidermal cell culture. These results suggest that the ability of strawberries to block UVB- and TPA-induced AP-1 and NF-&kappa; B activation may be due to their antioxidant properties and their ability to reduce oxidative stress. The oxidative events that regulate AP-1 and NF-&kappa; B transactivation can be important molecular targets for cancer prevention. The strawberries may be highly effective as a chemopreventive agent that acts by targeting the down-regulation of AP-1 and NF-&kappa; B activities, blocking MAPK signaling, and suppressing cancer cell proliferation and transformation.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Wang, SY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM wangs@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 46
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4187
EP 4193
DI 10.1021/jf0478049
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000066
PM 15884858
ER

PT J
AU Smith, DJ
   Anderson, RC
   Ellig, DA
   Larsen, GL
AF Smith, DJ
   Anderson, RC
   Ellig, DA
   Larsen, GL
TI Tissue distribution, elimination, and metabolism of dietary sodium
   [Cl-36]chlorate in beef cattle
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE sodium chlorate; food safety; residue; cattle; E. coli O157 : H7
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; DRINKING-WATER; CHLORATE SUPPLEMENTATION;
   SALMONELLA; POPULATIONS; CHLORIDE; PIGS; ION; GUT
AB Two steers (&SIM; 195 kg) were each dosed with 62.5 or 130.6 mg/kg body weight sodium [(CI)-C-36]chlorate for three consecutive days. All excreta were collected during the dosing and 8 h withdrawal periods. The apparent radiochlorine absorption was 62-68% of the total dose with the major excretory route being urine. Parent chlorate was 65-100% of the urinary radiochlorine; chloride was the only other radiochlorine species present. Similarly, residues in edible tissues were composed of chloride and chlorate with chloride being the major radiolabeled species present. Chlorate represented 28-57% of the total radioactive residues in skeletal muscle; in liver, kidney, and adipose tissues, chlorate ion represented a smaller percentage of the total residues. Chlorate residues in the low dose steer were 26 ppm in kidney, 14 ppm in skeletal muscle, 2.0 ppm in adipose tissue, and 0.7 ppm in liver. These data indicate that sodium chlorate may be a viable preharvest food safety tool for use by the cattle industry.
C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   USDA ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM smithd@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 21
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4272
EP 4280
DI 10.1021/jf047938m
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000079
PM 15884871
ER

PT J
AU Prior, RL
   Wu, XL
   Schaich, K
AF Prior, RL
   Wu, XL
   Schaich, K
TI Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and
   phenolics in foods and dietary supplements
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Congress on Antioxidant Methods
CY JUN 16-19, 2004
CL Orlando, FL
DE standardized methods; antioxidant capacity; foods; dietary supplements;
   nutraceuticals; ORAC; Folin-Ciocalteu method; TEAC
ID RADICAL ABSORBENCY CAPACITY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
   REDUCING/ANTIOXIDANT POWER ASSAY; FLUORESCENCE-BASED ASSAY; HUMAN-BLOOD
   PLASMA; VITAMIN-C; PHOTOCHEMILUMINESCENT DETECTION; BIOLOGICAL
   ANTIOXIDANTS; ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY; SCAVENGING CAPACITY
AB Methods available for the measurement of antioxidant capacity are reviewed, presenting the general chemistry underlying the assays, the types of molecules detected, and the most important advantages and shortcomings of each method. This overview provides a basis and rationale for developing standardized antioxidant capacity methods for the food, nutraceutical, and dietary supplement industries. From evaluation of data presented at the First International Congress on Antioxidant Methods in 2004 and in the literature, as well as consideration of potential end uses of antioxidants, it is proposed that procedures and applications for three assays be considered for standardization: the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and possibly the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. ORAC represent a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reaction mechanism, which is most relevant to human biology. The Folin-Ciocalteu method is an electron transfer (ET) based assay and gives reducing capacity, which has normally been expressed as phenolic contents. The TEAC assay represents a second ET-based method. Other assays may need to be considered in the future as more is learned about some of the other radical sources and their importance to human biology.
C1 USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
   Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
RP Prior, RL (reprint author), USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, 1120 Marshall St, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA.
EM priorronaldl@uams.edu
NR 110
TC 1740
Z9 1849
U1 34
U2 468
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4290
EP 4302
DI 10.1021/jf0502698
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000082
PM 15884874
ER

PT J
AU Decker, EA
   Warner, K
   Richards, MP
   Shahidi, F
AF Decker, EA
   Warner, K
   Richards, MP
   Shahidi, F
TI Measuring antioxidant effectiveness in food
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Congress on Antioxidant Methods
CY JUN 16-19, 2004
CL Orlando, FL
DE antioxidants; foods; oil; emulsions; muscle foods; meat; lipid
   oxidation; omega-3 fatty acids
ID MEDIATED LIPID OXIDATION; IN-WATER EMULSIONS; BORAGO-OFFICINALIS L.;
   WASHED COD MUSCLE; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; STRUCTURED LIPIDS; EXTRACTION
   METHOD; METHYL LINOLEATE; VEGETABLE-OILS; FROZEN STORAGE
AB Many new in vitro methods have been developed to evaluate antioxidant activity. Unfortunately, these in vitro methods often correlate poorly with the ability of compounds to inhibit oxidative deterioration of foods because the in vitro assays do not account for factors such as the physical location of the antioxiclant, its interaction with other food components, and environmental conditions. To accurately evaluate the potential of antioxiclants in foods, models must be developed that have the chemical, physical, and environmental conditions expected in food products. This paper outlines model systems of the evaluation of antioxiclants in three types of foods: bulk oil, oil-in-water emulsions, and muscle foods. These model systems are not intended to be inclusive of all possible methods to measure lipid oxidation and antioxidant activity. However, use of these models would allow researchers to more easily compare research results from one paper to another.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Food Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Meat Sci & Muscle Biol Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Biochem, St John, NF A1B 3X9, Canada.
RP Decker, EA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Food Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM edecker@foodsci.umass.edu
RI Shahidi, Fereidoon/A-6235-2013; 
OI Decker, Eric/0000-0002-5159-4123
NR 69
TC 173
Z9 184
U1 2
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 18
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 10
BP 4303
EP 4310
DI 10.1021/jf058012x
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 925JI
UT WOS:000229049000083
PM 15884875
ER

PT J
AU Oliver, CD
   Burkhardt, EC
   Skojac, DA
AF Oliver, CD
   Burkhardt, EC
   Skojac, DA
TI The increasing scarcity of red oaks in Mississippi River floodplain
   forests: Influence of the residual overstory
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE river floodplain forests; Quercus; red oaks; regeneration; silvicultural
   systems; clearcutting; shade tolerance; bottomland forests; hardwood
   forests
ID NEW-ENGLAND; SPECIES COMPOSITION; CHERRYBARK OAK; STANDS; GROWTH
AB Red oaks - cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.), willow oak (Quercus phellos L.), water oak (Quercus nigra L.), and Nuttall oak (Quercus texana Buckley; aka: Quercus nuttallii Palmer) - are not regrowing in Mississippi Delta river floodplain forests in the southeastern United States in sufficient numbers to sustain the former species composition and timber and wildlife values. Even if vigorous red oak reproduction becomes established, partial harvesting that does not remove the taller trees will suppress understory red oak height growth more than it will suppress height growth of such other species as sugarberry (Celtis laevigata Willd.), American elm (Ulmus americana L.), cedar elm (Ulmus crassifolia Nutt.), swamp dogwood (Cornus foemina Mill.), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.). Consequently, the red oaks in these partially harvested stands become increasingly suppressed and probably die; and there is a shift in species composition to the other species. In addition to ensuring vigorous oak reproduction, silvicultural clearcutting or rapid removal of the residual trees following shelterwood or seed tree harvesting to provide full sunlight is needed to ensure red oaks become a dominant part of these future river floodplain stands. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
   Burkhard Hardwood Associates, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
   USDA ARS, US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwood Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Oliver, CD (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM chad.oliver@yale.edu
NR 47
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD MAY 16
PY 2005
VL 210
IS 1-3
BP 393
EP 414
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.02.036
PG 22
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 927AT
UT WOS:000229165500029
ER

PT J
AU Kapczynski, DR
   King, DJ
AF Kapczynski, DR
   King, DJ
TI Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination
   of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available
   Newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent
   virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE exotic Newcastle disease; vaccine; chickens
ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION PCR; RECOMBINANT; TURKEYS; BIRDS; IMMUNIZATION;
   CORMORANTS; EFFICACY; IMMUNITY; STRAINS; FUSION
AB During 2002-2003, exotic Newcastle disease (END) virus caused a major outbreak among commercial and backyard poultry in southern California and adjacent states. The outbreak raised concerns regarding the protective immunity of commercially available vaccines for prevention and control of this virus in poultry. We sought to determine if existing commercial live and inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines could provide protection against the 2002-2003 END virus, and whether current commercial NDV-vaccination programs for broiler-breeders (BB) and broilers (Br) would protect against END-challenge. In the first experiment, birds received a single dose of either inactivated wor live B-1-type vaccine at 2 weeks-of-age and were challenged 2 weeks post-vaccination with a lethal dose of END. In the second experiment, a high (10(6.9) EID50/bird) or low (10(3.9) EID50/bird) dose of live B-1 was applied to 8-week-old chickens, followed by lethal END challenge. In the third experiment, NDV field-vaccinated commercial BB (65 weeks-of-age) and Br (36 days-of-age) were challenged against END virus. Results indicated that both the live and inactivated vaccines protected against morbidity and mortality and significantly reduced the incidence and viral titers shed from chickens in comparison with sham controls, but did not prevent infection and virus shedding. In addition, both doses of live vaccine protected birds and significantly decreased the number of birds shedding virus. All unvaccinated control chickens challenged with END died within 6 days post-challenge (pc). Protection from disease correlated with the presence of antibody titers (determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or hemagalutination inhibition (HI)) at day of challenge. Commercial BB were protected from disease and exhibited low incidence and titer of challenge virus shed. In contrast, commercial Br exhibited 66% mortality and shed significantly more virus than the BB birds. These results underscore the need to develop new NDV vaccines and vaccine strategies for use during outbreak situations to protect birds from both disease and infection to reduce virus shedding, (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM dkapczynski@seprl.usda.gov
NR 37
TC 85
Z9 89
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD MAY 16
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 26
BP 3424
EP 3433
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.140
PG 10
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 927LX
UT WOS:000229196500007
PM 15837366
ER

PT J
AU Lu, MY
   Cho, E
   Taylor, A
   Hankinson, SE
   Willett, WC
   Jacques, PF
AF Lu, MY
   Cho, E
   Taylor, A
   Hankinson, SE
   Willett, WC
   Jacques, PF
TI Prospective study of dietary fat and risk of cataract extraction among
   US women
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cataract extraction; dietary fats; fatty acids; omega-3; trans fatty
   acids
ID AGE-RELATED MACULOPATHY; ACID COMPOSITION; MACULAR DEGENERATION;
   MEMBRANE-LIPIDS; LENS OPACITIES; FISH INTAKE; SURGERY; PHOSPHOLIPIDS;
   QUALITY; CANCER
AB The authors examined prospectively the association between dietary fat intake and cataract extraction in adult women from the Nurses' Health Study. A total of 71,083 women were followed prospectively for up to 16 years between 1984 and 2000. Dietary fat was assessed by repeated food frequency questionnaires. Incident cases of cataract extraction were determined by a biennial questionnaire. The multivariate-adjusted relative risk for the highest compared with the lowest quintile of total fat intake was 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 1.22; p(trend) = 0.01). Women in the highest quintile of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid had a 12% lower risk of cataract extraction compared with those in the lowest quintile (relative risk = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.98; p(trend) = 0.02). Total fish intake was inversely associated with cataract (for intake of &GE; 3/week vs. &LT; 1/month: relative risk = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.98; p(trend) = 0.01). The authors' findings suggest that higher intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) and consumption of fish may modestly reduce the risk of cataract.
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
   Tufts Univ, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Jacques, PF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Epidemiol Program, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM paul.jacques@tufts.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA87969]; NEI NIH HHS [EY09611]
NR 44
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 161
IS 10
BP 948
EP 959
DI 10.1093/aje/kwi118
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 923SQ
UT WOS:000228930000006
PM 15870159
ER

PT J
AU Tipsmark, CK
   Weber, GM
   Strom, CN
   Grau, EG
   Hirano, T
   Borski, RJ
AF Tipsmark, CK
   Weber, GM
   Strom, CN
   Grau, EG
   Hirano, T
   Borski, RJ
TI Involvement of phospholipase C and intracellular calcium signaling in
   the gonadotropin-releasing hormone regulation of prolactin release from
   lactotrophs of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Fish Endocrinology
CY SEP 05-09, 2004
CL Univ Jaume I Castellon, Castellon, SPAIN
HO Univ Jaume I Castellon
DE GnRH; calcium signaling; prolactin; tilapia; lactotrophs
ID GROWTH-HORMONE; TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; GOLDFISH GONADOTROPES; RECEPTOR
   SUBTYPES; CICHLID FISH; CA2+ STORES; PITUITARY; SECRETION; GNRH; CELLS
AB Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a potent stimulator of prolactin (PRL) secretion in various vertebrates including the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. The mechanism by which GnRH regulates lactotroph cell function is poorly understood. Using the advantageous characteristics of the teleost pituitary gland from which a nearly pure population of PRL cells can be isolated, we examined whether GnRH might stimulate PRL release through an increase in phospholipase C (PLC), inositol triphosphate (IP3), and intracellular calcium (Ca-i(2+)) signaling. Using Ca-i(2+) imaging and the calcium-sensitive dye fura-2, we found that chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II) induced a rapid dose-dependent increase in Ca-i(2+) in dispersed tilapia lactotrophs. The Ca-i(2+) signal was abolished by U-73122, an inhibitor of PLC-dependent phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Correspondingly. cGnRH-II-induced tPRL(188) secretion was inhibited by U-73122, suggesting that activation of PLC mediates cGnRH-II's stimulatory effect on PRL secretion. Pretreatment with 8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8), an inhibitor of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, impeded the effect of cGnRH-II on Ca-i(2+). To further address the possible involvement of intracellular Ca2+ stores, IP3 concentrations in the tilapia rostral pars distalis (RPD containing 95-99% PRL cells) was determined by a radioreceptor assay. We found that GnRH-II induces a rapid (&LT; 5 min) and sustained increase in IP3 concentration in the RPD. Secretion of tPRL188 in response to cGnRH-II was suppressed by Ca-i(2+) antagonists (TMB-8 and nifedipine). These data, along with our previous findings that show PRL release increases with a rise in Ca-i(2+). suggest that GnRH may elicit its PRL releasing effect by increasing Ca-i(2+). Furthermore, the rise in Ca-i(2+) may be derived front PLC/IP3-induced mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores along with influx through L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. &COPY; 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Zool, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   Univ Hawaii, Dept Zool, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
   Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RP Borski, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Zool, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM russell_borski@ncsu.edu
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 142
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 227
EP 233
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.11.009
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 923KG
UT WOS:000228908200026
PM 15862567
ER

PT J
AU Small, BC
   Bilodeau, AL
AF Small, BC
   Bilodeau, AL
TI Effects of cortisol and stress on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
   pathogen susceptibility and lysozyme activity following exposure to
   Edwardsiella ictaluri
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Fish Endocrinology
CY SEP 05-09, 2004
CL Univ Jaume I Castellon, Castellon, SPAIN
HO Univ Jaume I Castellon
DE cortisol; channel catfish; ESC; infection; lysozyme; disease
ID PLASMA CORTICOSTEROID DYNAMICS; RAINBOW-TROUT; RAFINESQUE; FISH;
   INFECTION; RESPONSES; MULTIFILIIS; CHALLENGE; HORMONES; DISEASE
AB Periods of stress are often associated with disease outbreaks in cultured fish, and stress is often characterized by the secretion of cortisol. Although stress and cortisol secretion are highly correlated in fish, the role of cortisol in affecting channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) pathogen susceptibility is unclear. The effects of short-term stress and exogenous cortisol administration on channel catfish Susceptibility to Edwardsiella ictaluri, the etiologic agent of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), were investigated. Channel catfish were exposed to virulent E. ictaluri following a standardized 30-min low-water stress or administration of dietary cortisol (100 mg/kg feed) and compared to a pathogen-challenged control group of catfish. Pathogen susceptibility increased in stressed catfish (43.3% mortality) when compared to cortisol-fed catfish (26.7%) and controls (26.7%). A greater (P &LT; 0.05) percentage of stressed catfish (25.9%) tested positive for E ictaluri relative to cortisol-fed catfish (13.0%) over the course of the study, however, average levels of circulating bacteria were not different (P &GT; 0.05) among the treatments. Catfish challenged by the low-water stress event had elevated (P &LT; 0.05) circulating levels of cortisol 1-day post-pathogen exposure and elevated (P &LT; 0.05) lysozyme activity 4 and 14 days post-pathogen exposure when compared to cortisol-fed and control-challenged catfish. Cortisol concentrations were not correlated (P &GT; 0.05) to either lysozyme activity or bacterial levels; however, lysozyme activity was positively correlated (P = 0.0197) to blood bacterial concentrations. These results implicate other stress factors or pathways, separate from or possibly in conjunction with cortisol, in the stress-associated immunosuppression of channel catfish as it relates to ESC susceptibility. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfisch Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Small, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Catfisch Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM bsmall@ars.usda.gov
RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012
NR 37
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 142
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 256
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.12.004
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 923KG
UT WOS:000228908200030
PM 15862571
ER

PT J
AU Goldberg, S
AF Goldberg, S
TI Inconsistency in the triple layer model description of ionic strength
   dependent boron adsorption
SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE surface complexation modeling; inner-sphere surface complex;
   outer-sphere surface complex; goethite; gibbsite; kaolinite;
   montmorillonite; soil
ID ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; ALUMINA ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; OXIDE-SOLUTION
   INTERFACES; WATER INTERFACE; CLAY-MINERALS; BORIC-ACID; SOILS;
   MONTMORILLONITE; COMPLEXATION; MECHANISMS
AB Understanding anion adsorption mechanisms is necessary to allow prediction of anion adsorption behavior. This Study was conducted to evaluate the ability of the triple layer model, a chemical surface complexation model, to describe the effect of changes in solution ionic strength (0.01-1.0 M NaCl) and solution pH (3-11) oil B adsorption by the iron oxide, goethite, the aluminum oxide, gibbsite, the clay minerals, kaolinite and montmorillonite, and two arid zone soils. Ionic strength dependence of adsorption suggests an inner-sphere adsorption mechanism for goethite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, and the two soils and all outer-sphere adsorption mechanism for gibbsite. The triple layer model. containing an inner-sphere adsorption mechanism, was able to describe B adsorption oil goethite, kaolinite, montinorillonite. and the two soils. The model was able to describe B adsorption on gibbsite using all outer-sphere adsorption mechanism. A problematic inconsistency exists in the triple layer model description of ionic strength dependent B adsorption between the type of B surface complex defined in the model and the ionic strength dependence of the model result. That is, postulating an inner-sphere adsorption mechanism in the triple layer model resulted in all ionic strength dependence appropriate for the formation of outer-sphere surface complexes and vice versa. Additional tests of the ability of the triple layer model to describe ionic strength dependent adsorption of additional ions are needed to establish whether the inconsistencies are limited to the B system or are of concern in other triple layer model applications. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salinty Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salinty Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM sgoldberg@ussl.ars.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 54
Z9 62
U1 3
U2 30
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9797
J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI
JI J. Colloid Interface Sci.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 285
IS 2
BP 509
EP 517
DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.12.002
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 920ZB
UT WOS:000228732900010
PM 15837466
ER

PT J
AU Hipple, JD
   Drazkowski, B
   Thorsell, PM
AF Hipple, JD
   Drazkowski, B
   Thorsell, PM
TI Development in the Upper Mississippi Basin: 10 years after the Great
   Flood of 1993
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Mississippi River; flooding; development; land use policy; growth
   management
AB Flooding in the Upper Mississippi River Basin during the summer of 1993 caused between US$ 12 and 16 billion worth of damage. Since 1993, millions of dollars of new development have poured into the flood-impacted areas contrary to the recommendations of Interagency Floodplain Management Review Committee, among others. Tracking development has been difficult. A diverse set of regulations and land use controls have caused varying amounts of development in the Upper Mississippi River Basin, with Missouri leading the way with over 17.31 km(2) of new development. This study documents the changes in the basin affected by the 1993 floods 10 years after the event by conducting an analysis to identify new development within the 500-year floodplain and in the floodwater inundated areas. This study used Landsat satellite data to identify areas experiencing development. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 St Marys Univ Minnesota Twin Cities Campus, Dept Resource Anal, Minneapolis, MN 55404 USA.
   St Marys Univ Minnesota, GeoSpatial Serv, Dept Resource Anal, Winona, MN 55987 USA.
RP Hipple, JD (reprint author), USDA, RMa, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 0801, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
EM james.hipple@rma.usda.gov
NR 15
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 4
BP 313
EP 323
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.03.012
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban
   Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban
   Studies
GA 915PF
UT WOS:000228315600004
ER

PT J
AU Berterretche, M
   Hudak, AT
   Cohen, WB
   Maiersperger, TK
   Gower, ST
   Dungan, J
AF Berterretche, M
   Hudak, AT
   Cohen, WB
   Maiersperger, TK
   Gower, ST
   Dungan, J
TI Comparison of regression and geostatistical methods for mapping Leaf
   Area Index (LAI) with Landsat ETM+ data over a boreal forest
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE conditional simulation; Kriging; reduced major axis regression
ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TEMPERATE CONIFEROUS FORESTS; ECOSYSTEM
   PROCESSES; THEMATIC MAPPER; SAMPLING DESIGN; SATELLITE DATA; VEGETATION;
   CANOPY; LANDSCAPE; TM
AB This study compared aspatial and spatial methods of using remote sensing and field data to predict maximum growing season leaf area index (LAI) maps in a boreal forest in Manitoba, Canada. The methods tested were orthogonal regression analysis (reduced major axis, RMA) and two geostatistical techniques: kriging with an external drift (KED) and sequential Gaussian conditional simulation (SGCS). Deterministic methods such as RMA and KED provide a single predicted map with either aspatial (e.g., standard error, in regression techniques) or limited spatial (e.g., KED variance) assessments of errors, respectively. In contrast, SGCS takes a probabilistic approach, where simulated values are conditional on the sample values and preserve the sample statistics. In this application, canonical indices were used to maximize the ability of Landsat ETM+ spectral data to account for LAI variability measured in the field through a spatially nested sampling design. As expected based on theory, SGCS did the best job preserving the distribution of measured LAI values. In terms of spatial pattern, SGCS preserved the anisotropy observed in semivariograms of measured LAI, while KED reduced anisotropy and lowered global variance (i.e., lower sill), also consistent with theory. The conditional variance of multiple SGCS realizations provided a useful visual and quantitative measure of spatial uncertainty. For applications requiring spatial prediction methods, we concluded KED is more useful if local accuracy is important, but SGCS is better for indicating global pattern. Predicting LAI from satellite data using geostatistical methods requires a distribution and density of primary, reference LAI measurements that are impractical to obtain. For regional NPP modeling with coarse resolution inputs, the aspatial RMA regression method is the most practical option. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Hudak, AT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM ahudak@fs.fed.us
RI Dungan, Jennifer/G-9921-2016
OI Dungan, Jennifer/0000-0002-4863-1616
NR 61
TC 50
Z9 62
U1 3
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 96
IS 1
BP 49
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2005.01.014
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
   Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
   Photographic Technology
GA 929OJ
UT WOS:000229355100004
ER

PT J
AU Coussens, PM
   Pudrith, CB
   Skovgaard, K
   Ren, XN
   Suchyta, SP
   Stabel, JR
   Heegaard, PMH
AF Coussens, PM
   Pudrith, CB
   Skovgaard, K
   Ren, XN
   Suchyta, SP
   Stabel, JR
   Heegaard, PMH
TI Johne's disease in cattle is associated with enhanced expression of
   genes encoding IL-5, GATA-3, tissue inhibitors of matrix
   metalloproteinases 1 and 2, and factors promoting apoptosis in
   peripheral blood mononuclear cells
SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE paratuberculosis; Johne's disease; gene expression; microarray;
   functional genomics
ID AVIUM SUBSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-PARATUBERCULOSIS;
   IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INFECTED CATTLE; BOVINE PARATUBERCULOSIS; T-CELLS;
   DIFFERENTIATION; TUBERCULOSIS; PROTEIN; MICE
AB Infection of ruminants with Mycobacterium avium. subspecies paratuberculosis (M. para tuberculosis) leads to a chronic and often fatal granulomatous enteritis known as Johne's disease. Most infections with M. paratuberculosis occur during the first 6 months of life, and there is some evidence for transmission in utero. Once established, infections typically exist in a subclinical state for several years. Recent gene-expression profiling studies suggested the hypothesis that inherent gene-expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) front M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle may be different than expression profiles in PBMCs from uninfected controls. If true, this would suggest that it is possible to identify an M. paratuberculosis infection "signature" through transcriptional profiling of peripheral immune cells. In addition, identification of groups or classes of genes showing inherently different expression in PBMCs from M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle relative to PBMCs from uninfected controls might highlight important interactions between this pathogen and the host immune system. In this report, we describe studies aimed at testing this hypothesis. Our novel results indicate that, indeed expression profiles of at least 42 genes are inherently different in freshly isolated PBMCs from M. paratuberculosis-infected cattle when compared to similar cells from uninfected controls. Gene-expression differences observed following microarray analysis were verified and expanded upon by quantitative real-time PCR (Q-RT-PCR). Our results indicate that T cells within PBMCs from M. paratuberculosis-infected cows have adopted a predominant Th 2-like phenotype (enhanced expression of IL-5, GATA 3, and possibly IL-4 mRNA), that cells within infected cow PBMCs may exhibit tissue remodeling deficiencies through higher expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and TIMP2 RNA and lower expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 14 RNA than similar cells from healthy controls, and that cells within the PBMC population of M. paratuberculosis-infected cows are likely poised for rapid apoptosis (upregulation of CIDE-A, Bad, TNFRI, and Fas). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Anim Funct Genom, E Lansing, MI USA.
   USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
   DFVF, Dept Vet Diagnost & Res, DK-1790 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Coussens, PM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Anim Funct Genom, 1205H Anthony, E Lansing, MI USA.
EM coussens@msu.edu
OI skovgaard, kerstin/0000-0001-5663-4879
NR 48
TC 39
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-2427
J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP
JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 105
IS 3-4
BP 221
EP 234
DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.02.009
PG 14
WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 918ZZ
UT WOS:000228589400005
PM 15808302
ER

PT J
AU Vianna, MCB
   Sreekumar, C
   Miska, KB
   Hill, DE
   Dubey, JP
AF Vianna, MCB
   Sreekumar, C
   Miska, KB
   Hill, DE
   Dubey, JP
TI Isolation of Neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer
   (Odocoileus virginianus)
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Neospora caninum; white-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus; isolation;
   in vitro culture; immunohistochemistry; sequence analysis
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; HAMMONDIA-HEYDORNI; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; DOGS;
   OOCYSTS; DIFFERENTIATION; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; DIAGNOSIS; MICE
AB Attempts were made to isolate Neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A total of 110 deer killed during the 2003 hunting season in Virginia region were used for the isolation of N. caninum. Of these, brains from 28 deer that had NAT titer of 1:200 were inoculated into interferon-gamma gene knock out (KO) mice. N. caninum was isolated from the tissues of three deer and all three isolates were mildly virulent to KO mice. Only one of the isolates could be adapted to in vitro growth. Protozoa in the tissues of KO mice reacted with N. caninum-specific polyclonal antibodies and N. caninum DNA was demonstrated in infected tissues by PCR assays; sequences of portions of the ITS-1 and gene 5 loci were identical to those in the public database. This is the first record of in vitro isolation of N. caninum from white-tailed deer and lends credence to the white-tailed deer as an intermediate host for this parasite. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov
OI Chirukandoth, Sreekumar/0000-0003-2875-4034
NR 16
TC 31
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
EI 1873-2550
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD MAY 15
PY 2005
VL 129
IS 3-4
BP 253
EP 257
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.02.031
PG 5
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 928WU
UT WOS:000229303200009
PM 15845280
ER

PT J
AU Silverstein, JT
   Hostuttler, M
   Blemings, KP
AF Silverstein, JT
   Hostuttler, M
   Blemings, KP
TI Strain differences in feed efficiency measured as residual feed intake
   in individually reared rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE feed efficiency; residual feed intake; rainbow trout; Oncorhynchus
   mykiss; nitrogen retention
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; GENETIC-VARIATION; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY;
   GROWTH-RATE; AMINO-ACID; NITROGEN-RETENTION; PRODUCTION TRAITS;
   BODY-COMPOSITION; EXCRETION; RATIO
AB The efficient use of feed for growth and meat production is important for all animal production industries including aquaculture. Residual feed intake (RFI) is an alternative measure of feed efficiency that has been widely used in livestock production. Residual feed intake was calculated as the difference between intake observed and intake predicted on the basis of a bioenergetics model; a low RFI indicates greater efficiency. Residual feed intake offers some advantages as a selection criterion for improving production efficiency over traditional feed efficiency statistics because it is not a ratio and it typically has a larger coefficient of variation. The RFI of individually reared rainbow trout progeny from six different genetic cross-types was examined for genetic variation. Proximate analysis and nitrogen retention were also evaluated to determine if differences in RFI correlate to differences in body composition and nutrient retention and varied by cross-type. Differences between cross-types indicated a genetic component for RFI, with the most efficient fish of approximately 160 g consuming 0.99 g less and inefficient fish consuming 0.05 g more feed per day than expected. Lower RFI was associated with higher growth rates (r=-0.38, P&LT; 0.05) and greater nitrogen retention (r=-0.82 P&LT; 0.001).
C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Vet Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Silverstein, JT (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, 11876 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM jsilvers@ncccwa.ars.usda.gov
NR 31
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 4
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1355-557X
J9 AQUAC RES
JI Aquac. Res.
PD MAY 13
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 7
BP 704
EP 711
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01278.x
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 922VB
UT WOS:000228866900011
ER

PT J
AU Mertens, I
   Meeusen, T
   Janssen, T
   Nachman, R
   Schoofs, L
AF Mertens, I
   Meeusen, T
   Janssen, T
   Nachman, R
   Schoofs, L
TI Molecular characterization of two G protein-coupled receptor splice
   variants as FLP2 receptors in Caenorhabditis elegans
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE G protein-coupled receptor; RFamide related peptides; neuropeptides;
   Caenorhabditis elegans; reverse pharmacology
ID FMRFAMIDE-RELATED PEPTIDES; LINKED ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; ASCARIS-SUUM;
   DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; SEROTONIN RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE-RECEPTOR; GENE
   FAMILY; C-ELEGANS; NEUROPEPTIDE; EXPRESSION
AB Two alternatively spliced Caenorhabditis elegans G protein-coupled receptors, T19F4.1a and T19F4.1b, were cloned and functionally characterized. The T19F4.1b receptor protein is 30 amino acids longer than T19F4.1a, and the difference in amino acid constitution is exclusively conferred to the intracellular C-terminal region, suggesting a potential difference in G protein-coupling specificity. Following cloning of the receptor cDNAs into the pcDNA3 vector and stable or transient transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells, the aequorin bioluminescence/Ca2+ assay was used to investigate receptor activation. This is the first report of the construction of a cell line stably expressing a C elegans neuropeptide receptor. Our experiments identified both receptors as being cognate receptors for two FMRFamide-related peptides encoded by the flp-2 precursor: SPREPIRFamide (FLP2-A) and LRGEPIRFamide (FLP2-B). Pharmacological profiling using truncated forms of FLP2-A and -B revealed that the active core of both peptides is EPIRFamide. Screening of peptides encoded by other flps did not result in a significant activation of the receptor. In contrast to other C elegans receptors tested in heterologous expression systems, the functional activation of both T19F4.1a and T19F4.1b was not temperature-dependent. Screening in cells lacking the promiscuous G,16 suggests that T19F4.1a and b are both linked to the G(q) pathway. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Dev Physiol Genom & Prote, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
   USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Mertens, I (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Dev Physiol Genom & Prote, Naamsestr 59, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
EM Inge.Mertens@bio.kuleuven.ac.be
NR 31
TC 30
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD MAY 13
PY 2005
VL 330
IS 3
BP 967
EP 974
DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.071
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 917AC
UT WOS:000228427200048
PM 15809090
ER

PT J
AU Dale, VH
   Crisafulli, CM
   Swanson, FJ
AF Dale, VH
   Crisafulli, CM
   Swanson, FJ
TI Ecology - 25 years of ecological change at Mount St. Helens
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Dale, VH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM dalevh@ornl.gov
RI Dale, Virginia/B-6023-2009
NR 3
TC 15
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAY 13
PY 2005
VL 308
IS 5724
BP 961
EP 962
DI 10.1126/science.1109684
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 927JR
UT WOS:000229190700024
PM 15890864
ER

PT J
AU Ramaekers, VT
   Rothenberg, SP
   Sequeira, JM
   Opladen, T
   Blau, N
   Quadros, EV
   Selhub, J
AF Ramaekers, VT
   Rothenberg, SP
   Sequeira, JM
   Opladen, T
   Blau, N
   Quadros, EV
   Selhub, J
TI Autoantibodies to folate receptors in the cerebral folate deficiency
   syndrome
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; BINDING-PROTEIN; ACID; 5-METHYLTETRAHYDROFOLATE;
   TRANSPORT
AB In infantile-onset cerebral folate deficiency, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid are low, but folate levels in the serum and erythrocytes are normal. We examined serum specimens from 28 children with cerebral folate deficiency, 5 of their mothers, 28 age-matched control subjects, and 41 patients with an unrelated neurologic disorder. Serum from 25 of the 28 patients and 0 of 28 control subjects contained high-affinity blocking autoantibodies against membrane-bound folate receptors that are present on the choroid plexus. Oral folinic acid normalized 5MTHF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and led to clinical improvement. Cerebral folate deficiency is a disorder in which autoantibodies can prevent the transfer of folate from the plasma to the cerebrospinal fluid.
C1 Univ Klinikum Aachen, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Neurol, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
   SUNY Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY USA.
   Univ Childrens Hosp, Div Clin Chem & Biochem, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Ramaekers, VT (reprint author), Univ Klinikum Aachen, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Neurol, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
EM vramaekers@ukaachen.de
NR 16
TC 122
Z9 128
U1 1
U2 5
PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC
PI WALTHAM
PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD MAY 12
PY 2005
VL 352
IS 19
BP 1985
EP 1991
DI 10.1056/NEJMoa043160
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 924YL
UT WOS:000229017100009
PM 15888699
ER

PT J
AU Bischoff-Ferrari, HA
   Willett, WC
   Wong, JB
   Giovannucci, E
   Dietrich, T
   Dawson-Hughes, B
AF Bischoff-Ferrari, HA
   Willett, WC
   Wong, JB
   Giovannucci, E
   Dietrich, T
   Dawson-Hughes, B
TI Fracture prevention with vitamin D supplementation - A meta-analysis of
   randomized controlled trials
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Review
ID SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; HIP FRACTURE; ELDERLY-WOMEN; CALCIUM
   SUPPLEMENTATION; BONE LOSS; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; OSTEOPOROTIC
   FRACTURES; HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; FALLS
AB Context The role and dose of oral vitamin D supplementation in nonvertebral fracture prevention have not been well established.
   Objective To estimate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preventing hip and nonvertebral fractures in older persons.
   Data Sources A systematic review of English and non -English articles using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (1960-2005), and EMBASE (1991-2005). Additional studies were identified by contacting clinical experts and searching bibliographies and abstracts presented at the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (1995-2004). Search terms included randomized controlled trial (RCT), controlled clinical trial, random allocation, double-blind method, cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, fractures, humans, elderly, falls, and bone density.
   Study Selection Only double-blind RCTs of oral vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol) with or without calcium supplementation vs calcium supplementation or placebo in older persons (>= 60 years) that examined hip or nonvertebral fractures were included.
   Data Extraction Independent extraction of articles by 2 authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators.
   Data Synthesis All pooled analyses were based on random-effects models. Five RCTs for hip fracture (n=9294) and 7 RCTs for nonvertebral fracture risk (n=9820) met our inclusion criteria. All trials used cholecalciferol. Heterogeneity among studies for both hip and nonvertebral fracture prevention was observed, which disappeared after pooling RCTs with low-dose (400 IU/d) and higher-dose vitamin D (700-800 IU/d), separately. A vitamin D dose of 700 to 800 IU/d reduced the relative risk (RR) of hip fracture by 26% (3 RCTs with 5572 persons; pooled RR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-0.88) and any nonvertebral fracture by 23% (5 RCTs with 6098 persons; pooled RR, 0.77; 95% Cl, 0.68-0.87) vs calcium or placebo. No significant benefit was observed for RCTs with 400 IU/d vitamin D (2 RCTs with 3722 persons; pooled RR for hip fracture, 1.15; 95% Cl, 0.88-1.50; and pooled RR for any nonvertebral fracture, 1.03; 95% Cl, 0.86-1.24).
   Conclusions Oral vitamin D supplementation between 700 to 800 IU/d appears to reduce the risk of hip and any nonvertebral fractures in ambulatory or institutionalized elderly persons. An oral vitamin D dose of 400 IU/d is not sufficient for fracture prevention.
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Brigham & Womens Hosp, Robert B Brigham Arthrit & Musculoskeletal Dis Cl, Div Rheumatol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Tufts New England Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA.
   Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Dept Agr, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Bischoff-Ferrari, HA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM hbischof@hsph.harvard.edu
OI Dietrich, Thomas/0000-0002-2557-7645
NR 51
TC 767
Z9 808
U1 2
U2 45
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD MAY 11
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 18
BP 2257
EP 2264
DI 10.1001/jama.293.18.2257
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 924LU
UT WOS:000228981100027
PM 15886381
ER

PT J
AU Schnabel, RD
   Kim, JJ
   Ashwell, MS
   Sonstegard, TS
   Van Tassell, CP
   Connor, EE
   Taylor, JF
AF Schnabel, RD
   Kim, JJ
   Ashwell, MS
   Sonstegard, TS
   Van Tassell, CP
   Connor, EE
   Taylor, JF
TI Fine-mapping milk production quantitative trait loci on BTA6: Analysis
   of the bovine osteopontin gene
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
   AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE linkage disequilibrium
ID WIDE LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MAMMARY-GLAND; DAIRY-CATTLE; GENOTYPE
   PROBABILITIES; EFFICIENT COMPUTATION; COMPLEX PEDIGREES; QTL; YIELD;
   CHROMOSOME-6; EXPRESSION
AB Bovine chromosome six (BTA6) harbors up to six quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing the milk production of dairy cattle. In stark contrast to human, there is long-range linkage disequilibrium in dairy cattle, which has previously made it difficult to identify the mutations underlying these QTL. Using 38 microsatellite markers in a pedigree of 3,147 Holstein bulls, we fine mapped regions of BTA6 that had previously been shown to harbor QTL. Next, we sequenced a 12.3-kb region harboring Osteopontin, a positional candidate for the statistically most significant of the identified QTL. Nine mutations were identified, and only genotypes for the OPN3907 indel were concordant with the QTL genotypes of eight bulls that were established by segregation analysis. Four of these mutations were genotyped, and a joint linkage/linkage disequilibrium mapping analysis was used to demonstrate the existence of only two functionally distinct clusters of haplotypes within the QTL region, which were uniquely defined by OPN3907 alleles. We estimate a probability of 0.40 that no other mutation within this region is concordant with the QTL genotypes of these eight bulls. Finally, we demonstrate that the motif harboring OPN3907, which is upstream of the promoter and within a region known to harbor tissue-specific osteopontin regulatory elements, is moderately conserved among mammals. The motif was not retrieved from database queries and may be a novel regulatory element.
C1 Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea.
RP Schnabel, RD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM schnabelr@missouri.edu
OI Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Van Tassell,
   Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087
NR 34
TC 74
Z9 88
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAY 10
PY 2005
VL 102
IS 19
BP 6896
EP 6901
DI 10.1073/pnas.0502398102
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 925JD
UT WOS:000229048500047
PM 15867146
ER

PT J
AU Santos, TDL
   Wu, QH
   Botton, SD
   Grubman, MJ
AF Santos, TDL
   Wu, QH
   Botton, SD
   Grubman, MJ
TI Short hairpin RNA targeted to the highly conserved 2B nonstructural
   protein coding region inhibits replication of multiple serotypes of
   foot-and-mouth disease virus
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE foot-and-mouth disease; RNA interference; siRNA; 2B nonstructural
   protein coding region
ID SMALL INTERFERING RNA; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; IN-VITRO;
   EXPRESSION; MICE; PROTECTION; POLIOVIRUS; ESCAPE; SYSTEM
AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the most contagious agents of animals. Recent disease outbreaks in FMD-free countries have prompted the development of new control strategies that could improve the levels of protection against this virus. We have delivered a plasmid expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) directed against a highly conserved sequence in the 2B nonstructural protein coding region of FMDV RNA to porcine cells. After virus infection, these cells showed a significant reduction in the synthesis of viral RNA and proteins, as well as a decrease in virus yield when compared to control cells. The antiviral effect was sequence specific and not attributable to induction of the interferon pathway. Since FMDV is an antigenically variable virus, we examined the effectiveness of this strategy against multiple serotypes and found that expressed 2B shRNA resulted in efficient silencing of at least 4 FMDV serotypes. Thus, RNA interference may be a potential alternative control strategy to limit the spread of this highly contagious virus in livestock. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlant Area, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlant Area, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
EM mgrubman@piade.ars.usda.gov
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD MAY 10
PY 2005
VL 335
IS 2
BP 222
EP 231
DI 10.1016/j.virol.2005.03.001
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 921JX
UT WOS:000228761600008
ER

PT J
AU Pittman, JK
   Shigaki, T
   Hirschi, KD
AF Pittman, JK
   Shigaki, T
   Hirschi, KD
TI Evidence of differential pH regulation of the Arabidopsis vacuolar
   Ca2+/H+ antiporters CAX1 and CAX2
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium transport; PH; Ca2+/H+ antiporter; vacuole; Arabidopsis
ID NHAA-NA+/H+ ANTIPORTER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NA+(K+)/H+ EXCHANGER; H+/CA2+
   ANTIPORTER; CATION TRANSPORTER; OUTWARD RECTIFIER; CYTOPLASMIC PH;
   GUARD-CELLS; OAT ROOTS; TONOPLAST
AB The Arabidopsis Ca2+/H+ antiporters cation exchanger (CAX) 1 and 2 utilise an electrochemical gradient to transport Ca2+ into the vacuole to help mediate Ca2+ homeostasis. Previous whole plant studies indicate that activity of Ca2+/H+ antiporters is regulated by pH. However, the pH regulation of individual Ca2+/H+ antiporters has not been examined. To determine whether CAX1 and CAX2 activity is affected by pH, Ca2+/H+ antiport activity was measured in vacuolar membrane vesicles isolated from yeast heterologously expressing either transporter. Ca2+ transport by CAX1 and CAX2 was regulated by cytosolic pH and each transporter had a distinct cytosolic pH profile. Screening of CAX1/CAX2 chimeras identified an amino acid domain within CAX2 that altered the pH-dependent Ca2+ transport profile so that it was almost identical to the pH profile of CAX1. Results from mutagenesis of a specific His residue within this domain suggests a role for this residue in pH regulation. &COPY; 2005 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England.
   Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   Baylor Coll Med, Dept Human Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Pittman, JK (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, 3-614 Stopford Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England.
EM jon.pittman@manchester.ac.uk
OI Pittman, Jon/0000-0001-7197-1494
FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/B502152/1]
NR 44
TC 26
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD MAY 9
PY 2005
VL 579
IS 12
BP 2648
EP 2656
DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.085
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 925KI
UT WOS:000229051600018
PM 15862304
ER

PT J
AU Randerson, JT
   van der Werf, GR
   Collatz, GJ
   Giglio, L
   Still, CJ
   Kasibhatla, P
   Miller, JB
   White, JWC
   DeFries, RS
   Kasischke, ES
AF Randerson, JT
   van der Werf, GR
   Collatz, GJ
   Giglio, L
   Still, CJ
   Kasibhatla, P
   Miller, JB
   White, JWC
   DeFries, RS
   Kasischke, ES
TI Fire emissions from C-3 and C-4 vegetation and their influence on
   interannual variability of atmospheric CO2 and delta(CO2)-C-13
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; LAND-USE; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; C-13
   DISCRIMINATION; TROPICAL FORESTS; EL-NINO; BIOMASS; SAVANNA; ECOSYSTEMS;
   COMBUSTION
AB [ 1] Measurements of atmospheric trace gases provide evidence that fire emissions increased during the 1997/1998 El Nino event and these emissions contributed substantially to global CO2, CO, CH4, and &delta;(13) CO2 anomalies. Interpretation and effective use of these atmospheric observations to assess changes in the global carbon cycle requires an understanding of the amount of biomass consumed during fires, the molar ratios of emitted trace gases, and the carbon isotope ratio of emissions. Here we used satellite data of burned area, a map of C-4 canopy cover, and a global biogeochemical model to quantitatively estimate contributions of C-3 and C-4 vegetation to fire emissions during 1997 - 2001. We found that although C-4 grasses contributed to 31% of global mean emissions over this period, they accounted for only 24% of the interannual emissions anomalies. Much of the drought and increase in fire emissions during the 1997/1998 El Nino occurred in tropical regions dominated by C-3 vegetation. As a result, the &delta;(13) CO2 of the global fire emissions anomaly was depleted (-23.9&PTSTHOUSND;), and explained approximately 27% of the observed atmospheric decrease in &delta;(13) CO2 between mid-1997 and the end of 1998 ( and 61% of the observed variance in &delta;(13) CO2 during 1997 - 2001). Using fire emissions that were optimized in an atmospheric CO inversion, fires explained approximately 57% of the observed atmospheric &delta;(13) CO2 decrease between mid-1997 and the end of 1998 ( and 72% of the variance in &delta;(13) CO2 during 1997 - 2001). The severe drought in tropical forests during the 1997/ 1998 El Nino appeared to allow humans to ignite fires in forested areas that were normally too moist to burn. Adjacent C-4 grasses ( in woodlands and moist savannas) also burned, but emissions were limited, in part, by aboveground biomass levels that were 2 orders of magnitude smaller than C-3 biomass levels. Reduced fuel availability in some C-4 ecosystems may have led to a negative feedback on emissions.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   FAS, USDA, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   NASA, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
   Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
   Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
   NOAA, Climate Monitoring Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
   Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Randerson, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 3212 Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM jranders@uci.edu; guido.van.der.werf@falw.vu.nl; jim.collatz@nasa.gov;
   giglio@hades.gsfc.nasa.gov; still@icess.ucsb.edu; psk9@duke.edu;
   john.b.miller@noaa.gov; james.white@colorado.edu; rdefries@mail.umd.edu;
   ekasisch@geog.umd.edu
RI Kasibhatla, Prasad/A-2574-2010; White, James/A-7845-2009; collatz,
   george/D-5381-2012
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; 
NR 73
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD MAY 7
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 2
AR GB2019
DI 10.1029/2004GB002366
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
   Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
   Sciences
GA 926TL
UT WOS:000229145700002
ER

PT J
AU Seo, JS
   Burri, BJ
   Quan, ZJ
   Neidlinger, TR
AF Seo, JS
   Burri, BJ
   Quan, ZJ
   Neidlinger, TR
TI Extraction and chromatography of carotenoids from pumpkin
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 28th International Symposium and Exhibition on High Performance
   Liquid-Phase Sepatations and Related Techniques
CY JUN 12-18, 2004
CL Philadelphia, PA
DE supercritical fluid extraction; liquid-liquid extraction; carotenoids;
   beta-carotene; pumpkin; Korea
ID SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY; BETA-CAROTENE;
   FAT; SUPPLEMENTATION; VEGETABLES; LYCOPENE; CARROTS; TOMATO; TRIAL
AB Vitamin A deficiency is a health problem in Southeast Asia that can be corrected by feeding orange fruits and vegetables such as mango. Pumpkin is a traditional Korean food that is easy to store and is already believed to have health benefits. We extracted carotenoids from pumpkin by liquid-liquid extraction and by supercritical fluid extraction. We measured carotenoids by reversed-phase chromatography with diode array detection. The major carotenoid in pumpkin (&GT; 80%) is P-carotene, with lesser amounts of lutein, lycopene, a-carotene and cis-&beta;-carotene. Pumpkin is a rich source of &beta;-carotene and might be useful for preventing Vitamin A deficiency. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Yeungnam Univ, Sch Human Ecol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea.
   Yeungnam Univ, Dept Nutr, Taegu, South Korea.
   USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), Yeungnam Univ, Sch Human Ecol, 214-1 Daedong, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea.
EM bburri@whnrc.usda.gov
NR 35
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD MAY 6
PY 2005
VL 1073
IS 1-2
BP 371
EP 375
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.10.044
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 922YI
UT WOS:000228875400046
PM 15909543
ER

PT J
AU Shelver, WL
   Kim, HJ
   Li, QX
AF Shelver, WL
   Kim, HJ
   Li, QX
TI Development of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immuosorbent
   assay for the beta-adrenergic agonist zilpaterol
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE antibody; analysis; ELISA; assay; zilpaterol; beta-agonist; growth
   promoter
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ILLEGAL USE; RACTOPAMINE; URINE;
   IMMUNOASSAY; RESIDUES; CATTLE
AB Zilpaterol is a beta-adrenergic agonist approved for use as a growth promoter in cattle in South Africa and Mexico but not in the European Union, United States, or Asia. Here, we report the development of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for zilpaterol. Mice immunized with zilpaterol-butyrate-keyhole limpet hemocyanin were utilized for monoclonal antibody generation whereas zilpaterol-butyrate-bovine serum albumin was used as a coating antigen for ELISA. Thirteen clones were isolated, and after the initial sensitivity and isotyping experiments, three clones were selected for further ELISA optimization. Studies indicated that the optimum pH was near 7.4. Clone 3H5 had the highest sensitivity to zilpaterol and some interaction with clenbuterol and terbutaline at high concentrations but not other N-alkyl [bamethane, (-)-isoproterenol, (+)-isoproterenol, metaproterenol, or salbutamol] or N-arylalkyl (fenoterol, isoxsuprine, ractopamine, or salmeterol) beta-agonists tested. However, clone 31-15 was not functional at high salt concentrations, which precluded further development for urine analysis. Clone 2E10 showed increased sensitivity as salt concentrations were increased and did not cross-react with any of the structural analogues tested. However, its sensitivity to salt and urine concentration changes could cause high variability. Clone 7A8 showed good sensitivity and only a modest change with the salt concentration changes. Clone 7A8 also demonstrated smaller changes in IC50 and B-0 with increasing sheep urine or cattle urine concentrations as compared to clones 2E10 or 3H5 and, thus, was selected for further development. The IC50 for all of the antibodies showed exponential increases with increasing organic solvents concentrations, making it desirable to minimize solvent levels, In conclusion, a sensitive, specific zilpaterol monoclonal antibody-based ELISA has been developed that can serve as a rapid screening assay.
C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Shelver, WL (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM shelverw@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 4
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 9
BP 3273
EP 3280
DI 10.1021/jf0477954
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 922BH
UT WOS:000228810200002
PM 15853359
ER

PT J
AU Rimando, AM
   Nagmani, R
   Feller, DR
   Yokoyama, W
AF Rimando, AM
   Nagmani, R
   Feller, DR
   Yokoyama, W
TI Pterostilbene, a new agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated
   receptor alpha-isoform, lowers plasma lipoproteins and cholesterol in
   hypercholesterolemic hamsters
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE pterostilbene; PPAR alpha; cholesterol; lipoprotein
ID VINIFERA CELL-CULTURES; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; PTEROCARPUS-MARSUPIUM;
   ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; RESVERATROL; ALCOHOL; WINE; CONSTITUENTS;
   FENOFIBRATE; BERRIES
AB Resveratrol, a stilbenoid antioxidant found in grapes, wine, peanuts and other berries, has been reported to have hypolipidemic properties. We investigated whether resveratrol and its three analogues (pterostilbene, piceatannol, and resveratrol trimethyl ether) would activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (PPAR alpha) isoform. This nuclear receptor is proposed to mediate the activity of lipid-lowering drugs such as the fibrates. The four stilbenes were evaluated at 1, 10, 100, and 300 mu M along with ciprofibrate (positive control), for the activation of endogenous PPAR alpha in H4IIEC3 cells. Cells were transfected with a peroxisome proliferator response element-AB (rat fatty acyl CoA beta-oxidase response element)-luciferase gene reporter construct. Pterostilbene demonstrated the highest induction of PPAR alpha showing 8- and 14-fold increases in luciferase activity at 100 and 300,uM, respectively, relative to the control. The maximal luciferase activity responses to pterostilbene were higher than those obtained with the hypolipidemic drug, ciprofibrate (33910 and 19460 relative luciferase units, respectively), at 100 uM. Hypercholesterolemic hamsters fed with pterostilbene at 25 ppm of the diet showed 29% lower plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, 7% higher plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and 14% lower plasma glucose as compared to the control group. The LDL/HDL ratio was also statistically significantly lower for pterostilbene, as compared to results for the control animals, at this diet concentration. Results from in vitro studies showed that pterostilbene acts as a PPAR alpha agonist and may be a more effective PPAR alpha agonist and hypolipidemic agent than resveratrol. In vivo studies demonstrate that pterostilbene possesses lipid and glucose lowering effects.
C1 Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA.
   Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, University, MS 38677 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Rimando, AM (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA.
EM arimando@msa-oxford.ars.usda.gov
NR 40
TC 93
Z9 100
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 4
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 9
BP 3403
EP 3407
DI 10.1021/jf0580364
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 922BH
UT WOS:000228810200022
PM 15853379
ER

PT J
AU Wang, YY
   Finn, C
   Qian, MC
AF Wang, YY
   Finn, C
   Qian, MC
TI Impact of growing environment on Chickasaw blackberry (Rubus L.) aroma
   evaluated by gas chromatography olfactometry dilution analysis
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE aroma extraction dilution analysis; Chickasaw; blackberry aroma; GCO;
   aroma fractionation
ID FLAVOR COMPOUNDS; LACINIATA L; SPP. HYB; GC-MS; FRUIT; JUICE; CV;
   IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENTS; STORAGE
AB The aroma extract of Chickasaw blackberry (Rubus L.) was separated with silica gel normal phase chromatography into six fractions. Gas chromatography-olfactometry (GCO) was performed on each fraction to identify aroma active compounds. Aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) was employed to characterize the aroma profile of Chickasaw blackberries from two growing regions of the United States: Oregon and Arkansas. Comparative AEDA analysis showed that the berries grown in the two regions had similar aroma compositions; however, those odorants had various aroma impacts in each region. The compounds with high flavor dilution factors in Oregon's Chickasaw were ethyl butanoate, linalool, methional, trans, cis-2,6-nonadienal, cis-1,5-octadien-3-one, and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, whereas in the Chickasaw grown in Arkansas, they were ethyl butanoate, linalool, methional, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, beta-damascenone, and geraniol.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Qian, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM michael.qian@oregonstate.edu
NR 39
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 4
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 9
BP 3563
EP 3571
DI 10.1021/jf048102m
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 922BH
UT WOS:000228810200045
PM 15853402
ER

PT J
AU Kim, H
   Ralph, J
AF Kim, H
   Ralph, J
TI Simplified preparation of coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE coniferyl alcohol; sinapyl alcohol; coniferaldehyde; sinapaidehyde;
   lignin; borohydricle exchange resin; Amberlite IRA-400
ID SODIUM-BOROHYDRIDE; SELECTIVE REDUCTION; REDUCING AGENT; EXCHANGE RESIN;
   ALDEHYDES; COUMARYL; TRIACETOXYBOROHYDRIDE
AB Coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols were prepared from commercially available coniferaldehyde and sinapaldehyde using borohydride exchange resin in methanol. This reduction is highly regioselective and exceptionally simple, making these valuable monolignols readily available to researchers lacking synthetic chemistry expertise.
C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forestry, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM hoonkim@wisc.edu
NR 25
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
EI 1520-5118
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD MAY 4
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 9
BP 3693
EP 3695
DI 10.1021/jf047787n
PG 3
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
   Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 922BH
UT WOS:000228810200064
PM 15853421
ER

PT J
AU Feder, JL
   Xie, XF
   Rull, J
   Velez, S
   Forbes, A
   Leung, B
   Dambroski, H
   Filchak, KE
   Aluja, M
AF Feder, JL
   Xie, XF
   Rull, J
   Velez, S
   Forbes, A
   Leung, B
   Dambroski, H
   Filchak, KE
   Aluja, M
TI Mayr, Dobzhansky, and Bush and the complexities of sympatric speciation
   in Rhagoletis
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
   AMERICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Colloquium on Systematics and the Origin of Species
CY DEC 16-18, 2004
CL Irvine, CA
SP Natl Acad Sci & Engn
ID HOST RACE FORMATION; APPLE MAGGOT FLY; POMONELLA DIPTERA-TEPHRITIDAE;
   DROSOPHILA-PSEUDOOBSCURA; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE;
   MATING BEHAVIOR; SPECIES GROUP; INTROGRESSION; HYBRIDIZATION
AB The Rhagoletis pomonella sibling species complex is a model for sympatric speciation by means of host plant shifting. However, genetic variation aiding the sympatric radiation of the group in the United States may have geographic roots. Inversions on chromosomes 1-3 affecting diapause traits adapting flies to differences in host fruiting phenology appear to exist in the United States because of a series of secondary introgression events from Mexico. Here, we investigate whether these inverted regions of the genome may have subsequently evolved to become more recalcitrant to introgression relative to collinear regions, consistent with new models for chromosomal speciation. As predicted by the models, gene trees for six nuclear loci mapping to chromosomes other than 1-3 tended to have shallower node depths separating Mexican and U.S. haplotypes relative to an outgroup sequence than nine genes residing on chromosomes 1-3. We discuss the implications of secondary contact and differential introgression with respect to sympatric host race formation and speciation in Rhagoletis, reconciling some of the seemingly dichotomous views of Mayr, Dobzhansky, and Bush concerning modes of divergence.
C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Galvin Life Sci Ctr, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
   Asoc Civil, Inst Ecol, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico.
   McGill Univ, McGill Sch Environm, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
   Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, MW Area Off, St Paul, MN 55104 USA.
RP Feder, JL (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Galvin Life Sci Ctr, POB 369, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM feder.2@nd.edu
RI Velez, Sebastian/B-4348-2008
NR 51
TC 98
Z9 101
U1 3
U2 34
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAY 3
PY 2005
VL 102
SU 1
BP 6573
EP 6580
DI 10.1073/pnas.0502099102
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 925AK
UT WOS:000229023700010
PM 15851672
ER

PT J
AU Beeri, O
   Phillips, R
   Carson, P
   Liebig, M
AF Beeri, O
   Phillips, R
   Carson, P
   Liebig, M
TI Alternate satellite models for estimation of sugar beet residue nitrogen
   credit
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperspectral; multi-spectral; sugar beet Beta vulgaris (L.); satellite
   comparison; C : N ratio; N-credit
ID ABSORPTION FEATURES; MULTISPECTRAL DATA; LEAF BIOCHEMISTRY; CROP; SOIL;
   WHEAT; GROWTH; LEAVES; TOPS
AB Satellite assessment of aboveground plant residue mass and quality is essential for agro-ecosystem management of organic nitrogen (N) because growers credit a portion of residue N towards crop requirements the following spring. Precision agriculture managers are calling for advanced satellite models to map field-scale residue mass and quality. Remote sensing has proven useful for assessing the concentration of foliar biochemicals under controlled laboratory conditions, but field-scale satellite model validation for quantitative, landscape-scale N assessment is needed. We addressed this problem by building ground-truth models for sugar beet N-credit and testing these models with alternate satellite sensor imagery. We recorded spectral reflectance and measured leaf carbon (C) and N in situ at leaf and canopy levels near the end of the growing season using 1 nm bandwidth spectroradiometer. We performed univariate correlation analyses between spectral reflectance and the variables N, C:N ratio and biomass to determine spectral signature models for leaf quality and spectral signature models for plant biomass. The 1 nm hyperspectral data were convolved to fit Landsat 5, SPOT 5, Quick-Bird 2, and Ikonos 2 multi-spectral satellite bands and models created using stepwise linear regression. Biomass formulae for each sensor were applied to satellite imagery acquired at peak season, while leaf quality formulae were applied to imagery acquired just prior to harvest. August sugar beet fields in the St. Thomas, ND vicinity were identified and aboveground biomass mapped with 10-20% error, depending upon the sensor. Sugar beet leaf N was similar for all sites and varieties tested (31 mg g(-1) dw), so biomass primarily influenced N-credit estimates. Measured C:N ratio variability was identified and mapped to delineate areas where C:N ratio was outside the normal distribution. The general model for each sensor maps N-credit per unit area and delineates aberrant, low leaf quality areas as zones with high C:N ratio. In summary, we provide separate spectral models for N-credit and leaf quality applicable to available multi-spectral sensors for precision sugar beet N management. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
C1 Univ N Dakota, Upper Midw Aerosp Consortium, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
   Carson Farms, St Thomas, ND 58276 USA.
   USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA.
RP Beeri, O (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Upper Midw Aerosp Consortium, Tulane Dr,POB 9007, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM beeri@umac.org
RI Liebig, Mark/A-2775-2009; Phillips, Rebecca/G-6175-2015
OI Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD MAY 2
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 1
BP 21
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2004.10.030
PG 15
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 915NE
UT WOS:000228310100002
ER

PT J
AU Wilson, AD
   Lester, DG
   Oberle, CS
AF Wilson, AD
   Lester, DG
   Oberle, CS
TI Application of conductive polymer analysis for wood and woody plant
   identifications
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE artificial olfaction; electronic nose detection; forest ecology; forest
   management; plant chemotaxonomy; Quercus; woody sample identification
ID MAMMALIAN OLFACTORY SYSTEM; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; ELECTRONIC NOSE; SENSOR
   ARRAY; OAK WILT; GAS; DISCRIMINATION; ODORS
AB An electronic aroma detection (EAD) technology known as conductive polymer analysis (CPA) was evaluated as a means of identifying and discriminating woody samples of angiosperms and gymnosperms using an analytical instrument (electronic nose) that characterizes the aroma profiles of volatiles released from excised wood into sampled headspace. The instrument measures electrical-resistance changes generated by adsorption of volatiles to the surface of electroactive, polymer-coated sensors. Unique digital electronic fingerprints of wood aromas, derived front multisensor-responses to distinct mixtures of wood volatiles, were obtained from woods of individual tree species. A reference library containing aroma signature patterns for 23 tree species was constructed for identifications of unknown samples using pattern-recognition algorithms. The 32-sensor array used with an Aromascan A32S instrument was sensitive to a wide diversity of organic compounds and produced outputs of distinct electronic aroma signature patterns in response to wood volatiles that effectively identified unknown samples from individual tree species included in the reference library. Some potential applications of CPA methods for research in ecology, forestry, plant taxonomy, and related disciplines were identified with some significant advantages and limitations. Other applications of this technology were discovered for the management of forested stands and ecosystems based on the identification of roles that wood-inhabiting organisms play in stand dynamics and long-term ecosystem functions. Results pertaining to tree systematics and phylogeny are discussed in the context of prevailing opinions of oak taxonomy. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA, Forest Serv,So Hardwoods Lab, Forest Insect & Dis Res, So Res Stn,Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Wilson, AD (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv,So Hardwoods Lab, Forest Insect & Dis Res, So Res Stn,Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 432 Stoneville Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM dwilson02@fs.fed.us; coberle@fs.fed.us
RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015
OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232
NR 41
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD MAY 2
PY 2005
VL 209
IS 3
BP 207
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.01.030
PG 18
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 917YH
UT WOS:000228504800004
ER

PT J
AU Van Tuyl, S
   Law, BE
   Turner, DP
   Gitelman, AI
AF Van Tuyl, S
   Law, BE
   Turner, DP
   Gitelman, AI
TI Variability in net primary production and carbon storage in biomass
   across Oregon forests - an assessment integrating data from forest
   inventories, intensive sites, and remote sensing
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass; net primary production; forest inventory; carbon storage;
   carbon flux; Pacific Northwest
ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WESTERN OREGON; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
   UNITED-STATES; DOUGLAS-FIR; LEAF-AREA; ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITS; OLD-GROWTH;
   USA; AGE
AB We used a combination of data from USDA Forest Service inventories, intensive chronosequences, extensive sites, and satellite remote sensing. to estimate biomass and net primary production (NPP) for the forested region of western Oregon. The study area was divided into four ecoregions differing widely in climatic conditions and management regime. The forest age distributions (as derived from inventory data) differed by ecozone with fewer old stands in the Coast Range and the East Cascades, and a relatively uniform distribution of ages from 0 to 815 in the Cascade Mountains. Age distributions also differed by land ownership, with fewer old stands on non-federal lands than on national forest lands. Estimated biomass increased rapidly in early stand development and tended to stabilize after about 200 years. Peak biomass in the semi-arid East Cascades was about one-third that of the other ecoregions (median biomass at asymptote similar to 9 and similar to 25 kg C m(-2), respectively). The timing and magnitude of maximum net primary production also varied by ecoregion, with the high productivity Coast Range forests reaching a maximum NPP before 30 years of age (median similar to 1 kg C m(-2) y(-1)), and the low productivity East Cascades reaching a maximum NPP between 80 and 100 years (median similar to 0.3 kg C m(-2) y(-1)). Productivity was generally lower in older stands with the exception of the East Cascades ecoregion where, contrary to the paradigm of age-related decline in forest growth, the oldest stands had the highest NPR The East Cascades also differed from the other ecoregions in that the proportion of NPP allocated below-round decreased rather than increased with stand age. This study demonstrates the value of combining data from intensive and extensive measurement sites for improved estimates of carbon stocks and fluxes as well as improved parameterization of process models used in scaling carbon flux over broad regions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Stat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Van Tuyl, S (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, No Global Change Res Program, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
EM svantuyl@fs.fed.us
RI Van Tuyl, Steven/E-2814-2014; 
OI Van Tuyl, Steven/0000-0002-8752-272X; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203
NR 54
TC 61
Z9 62
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD MAY 2
PY 2005
VL 209
IS 3
BP 273
EP 291
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.02.002
PG 19
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 917YH
UT WOS:000228504800008
ER

PT J
AU Hu, X
   Shelver, WL
   Wettstein, GW
   Gholami, K
   Shelver, WH
AF Hu, X
   Shelver, WL
   Wettstein, GW
   Gholami, K
   Shelver, WH
TI Studies of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in protonated and
   non-protonated hexahydropridinobenzodioxins (vol 686, pg 7, 2004)
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM
LA English
DT Correction
C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   N Dakota State Univ, Informat Technol Serv, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Hu, X (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Lab Struct Microbiol, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM hux@rockefeller.edu; william.shelver@ndsu.nodak.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-1280
J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM
JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct.
PD MAY 2
PY 2005
VL 722
IS 1-3
BP 245
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.12.007
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 936IB
UT WOS:000229847600027
ER

PT J
AU Dalloul, RA
   Lillehoj, HS
   Klinman, DM
   Ding, XC
   Min, W
   Heckert, RA
   Lillehoj, EP
AF Dalloul, RA
   Lillehoj, HS
   Klinman, DM
   Ding, XC
   Min, W
   Heckert, RA
   Lillehoj, EP
TI In ovo administration of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and the recombinant
   microneme protein MIC2 protects against Eimeria infections
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE CpG; oligodeoxynucleotide; in ovo vaccination; Eimeria
ID BACTERIAL-DNA; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE; BROILER-CHICKENS; MAREKS-DISEASE;
   MOTIFS; ADJUVANTS; VACCINE; RESISTANCE; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOMODULATION
AB We have previously demonstrated that short oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODNs) exert a positive effect on weight loss and oocyst shedding associated with Eimeria infection when injected in vivo. The present work investigated the effects of in ovo vaccination with CpG ODNs and an Eimeria recombinant microneme protein (MIC2), alone or in combination, on susceptibility to coccidiosis. In ovo injection of CpG ODNs alone enhanced resistance to experimental Eimeria acervulina infection as best exemplified by reduced oocyst shedding. Two CpG ODNs reduced the oocyst load, but did not affect weight gain. When co-administered with the recombinant microneme protein, both ODNs reduced oocyst shedding; however, only ODN D 19 plus MIC2 consistently improved weight gain. Vaccinating with ODN 2006 or MIC2 protein curtailed oocyst shedding but did not enhance weight gain in Eimeria tenella-infected birds. Co-administration of CpG ODN and MIC2 did not have an additive effect in reducing the oocyst output; however, it resulted in the highest and lowest Ab response before and after Eimeria tenella infection, respectively. Collectively, CpG ODNs administered in ovo demonstrated immunoenhancing and adjuvant effects following Eimeria infections. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Sect Retroviral Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   Sunchon Natl Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Choongnam 540742, South Korea.
   Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC E,Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM hlilleho@anri.barc.usda.gov
OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366; Dalloul, Rami/0000-0003-4690-9220
NR 34
TC 31
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD MAY 2
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 24
BP 3108
EP 3113
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.073
PG 6
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 922WP
UT WOS:000228870900004
PM 15837209
ER

PT J
AU Moser, JC
   Konrad, H
   Kirisits, T
   Carta, LK
AF Moser, JC
   Konrad, H
   Kirisits, T
   Carta, LK
TI Phoretic mites and nematode associates of Scolytus multistriatus and
   Scolytus pygmaeus (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) in Austria
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dutch elm disease; elm; nematode; Ophiostoma novo-ulmi; phoresy;
   Scolytidae; mite; Scolytus multistriatus; Scolytus pygmaeus; Ulmus minor
ID SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; OPHIOSTOMA-NOVO-ULMI; DUTCH ELM DISEASE;
   IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS; BARK BEETLES; CENTRAL LOUISIANA; ACARINA; FUNGI;
   REDESCRIPTION; TARSONEMIDAE
AB 1 The species assemblages and abundance of phoretic mites and nematodes associated with the elm bark beetles, Scolytus multistriatus and Scolytus pygmaeus, were studied in Austria.
   2 A total of 3922 individual mites were recorded from 144 adults of S. multistriatus and 178 adults of S.pygmaeus. The species spectrum was identical and the relative abundance of mites was very similar for both species of scolytids. Nine mite species, Pyemotes scolyti, Pseudotarsonemoides eccoptogasteri, Trichouropoda bipilis, Tarsonemus crassus, Proctolaelaps eccoptogasteris, Proctolaclaps scolyti, Chelacheles michalskii, nr. Eueremaeus sp. and Elattoma sp. were detected. Two of the nine species, nr. Eueremaeus sp. and Elattoma sp., are documented here as new associates of Scolytus spp.
   3 Pyemotes scolyti was the most frequent mite species, and Ps. eccoptogasteri and T. bipilis were relatively common, whereas the other mites occurred occasionally or were rare.
   4 The trophic roles of most of the mites associated with S. multistridtus and S. pygmaeus are poorly known, but they may include fungivores, parasitoids of bark beetle broods, predators of bark beetle broods and/or mites and/or nematodes.
   5 Besides phoretic mites, two nematode associates were seen on the investigated insects. A species of Cryptaphelenchus occurred under the elytra of both scolytid species, whereas the adults of a Neoparasitylenchus sp. were present inside abdomens of S. multistriatus, but absent from S.pygmaeus.
C1 USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
   BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, Inst Forest Entomol Forest Pathol & Forest Protec, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
   USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Moser, JC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
EM jmoser@fs.fed.us
OI Konrad, Heino/0000-0003-1820-9550
NR 59
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 15
PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1461-9555
J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL
JI Agric. For. Entomol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 2
BP 169
EP 177
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 920FA
UT WOS:000228673600010
ER

PT J
AU Jolliffe, D
AF Jolliffe, D
TI Land and schooling: Transferring wealth across generations
SO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
RP Jolliffe, D (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW,Rm N-2113, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
EM jolliffe@ers.usda.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC
PI MALDEN
PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA
SN 0169-5150
J9 AGR ECON
JI Agric. Econ.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 3
BP 330
EP 331
DI 10.1111/j.0169-5150.2005.20050412_3.x
PG 2
WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics
SC Agriculture; Business & Economics
GA 919FE
UT WOS:000228602900010
ER

PT J
AU Nielsen, DC
   Vigil, MF
AF Nielsen, DC
   Vigil, MF
TI Legume green fallow effect on soil water content at wheat planting and
   wheat yield
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID WINTER-WHEAT; CROPPING SYSTEM; GREAT-PLAINS; MANURE; AVAILABILITY;
   REPLACEMENT; MANAGEMENT; EFFICIENCY; LENTIL; ZONE
AB Growing a legume cover crop in place of fallow in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow system can provide protection against erosion while adding N to the soil. However, water use by legumes may reduce subsequent wheat yield. This study was conducted to quantify the effect of varying legume termination dates on available soil water content at. wheat planting and subsequent wheat yield in the central Great Plains. Four legumes [Austrian winter pea, Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum var. arvense (L.) Poir.; spring field pea, P. sativum L.; black lentil, Lens culinaris Medikus; hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth.) were grown at Akron, CO, as spring crops from 1994 to 1999. Legumes were planted in early April and terminated at 2-wk intervals (four termination dates), generally starting in early June. Wheat was planted in September in the terminated legume plots, and yields were compared with wheat yields from conventional till wheat-fallow. Generally there were no significant differences in available soil water at wheat planting due to legume type. Soil water at wheat planting was reduced by 55 mm when legumes were terminated early and by 104 nun when legumes were terminated late, compared with soil water in fallowed plots that were conventionally tilled. Average wheat yield was linearly correlated with average available soil water at wheat planting, with the relationship varying from year to year depending on evaporative demand and precipitation in April, May, and June. The cost in water use by legumes and subsequent decrease in wheat yield may be too great to justify use of legumes as fallow cover crops in wheat-fallow systems in semiarid environments.
C1 USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA.
RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA.
EM david.nielsen@ars.usda.gov
RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009
OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183
NR 28
TC 44
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 684
EP 689
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0071
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100006
ER

PT J
AU Mehaffey, MH
   Fisher, DS
   Burns, JC
AF Mehaffey, MH
   Fisher, DS
   Burns, JC
TI Photosynthesis and nutritive value in leaves of three warm-season
   grasses before and after defoliation
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID IRRADIANCE; RESPONSES; GROWTH; PLANT
AB Forage yields are influenced by plant response to defoliation. We examined the photosynthesis and nutritive value of first (first leaves) and third (third leaves) fully expanded leaves (numbered from the apex) in three warm-season (C4) grasses. Net photosynthetic rates at uniform temperature and light both before and after a 2-wk exposure to full sunlight and the effect of leaf position on nutritive value were determined on vegetative tillers in well-established swards of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon L. (Per.) cv. Tifton 44], caucasian bluestem [Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubb.], and Atlantic coastal panicgrass [Panicum amarum var. amarulum (Hitchcock and Chase) P.G. Palmer] growing on a Cecil clay loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Hapludults). Bermudagrass had the greatest level of crude protein (CP), followed by panicgrass and bluestem. Fiber was greater in the first leaves than in the third leaves for bermudagrass and panicgrass but not for bluestem. Photosynthetic rates of panicgrass and bluestem third leaves estimated 2 wk after defoliation of the surrounding canopy were less than estimates made before defoliation in the first leaves but were similar to the third leaves before canopy defoliation. The third leaves of bermudagrass 2 wk after defoliation had lesser photosynthetic rates per unit chlorophyll than the first or third leaves before defoliation. Photosynthetic rates were correlated with hemicellulose across leaf classes and species (r(2) = 0.93). The photosynthetic decline observed in third leaves of bermudagrass compared with panicgrass and bluestem is evidence of variation in leaf response after defoliation among warm-season grasses.
C1 USDA ARS, JPCSNRCC, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
   US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Fisher, DS (reprint author), USDA ARS, JPCSNRCC, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA.
EM Dwight_Fisher@Scientist.com
RI Mehaffey, Megan/A-7476-2009
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 755
EP 759
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0049
PG 5
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100016
ER

PT J
AU Johnson, RM
   Richard, EP
AF Johnson, RM
   Richard, EP
TI Sugarcane yield, sugarcane quality, and soil variability in Louisiana
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB This study was conducted to determine the extent of temporal and spatial variability present in commercially cultivated sugarcane (interspecific hybrids of Saccharum spp. cv. LCP 85-384) grown in South Louisiana. Sugarcane fields at two locations were harvested for three consecutive years (2001-2003) in a grid pattern with a single-row, chopper harvester and a field transport wagon equipped with electronic load sensors to determine cane yields. Sugar yield and quality were determined from a random cane sample from each grid cell, and soil samples were collected after harvest from each grid cell (20022004). At each location, the majority of soil properties exhibited nonnormal distributions with coefficients of variation ranging from I to 56% over all years and locations, and all soil properties were spatially correlated with the range varying from 26 to 241 in. Cane and sugar yields and sugar quality parameters at both locations were found to exhibit nonnormal distributions in selected years, and the coefficients of variation ranged from 5 to 20% over all years and locations. Cane and sugar yields and quality parameters were spatially correlated with a range varying from 26 to 187 in with the exception of theoretically recoverable sugar and fiber at one location in 2003. Soil S and Ca/Mg ratio were correlated to all sugar parameters at one location, and soil organic matter and soil buffer pH were correlated to all sugar parameters at the second location. These data would indicate that sufficient variability exists in commercially produced Louisiana sugarcane to justify a precision agricultural management approach.
C1 USDA ARS, SRRC, Houma, LA 70360 USA.
RP Johnson, RM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SRRC, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA.
EM rjohnson@srrc.ars.usda.gov
NR 22
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 7
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 760
EP 771
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0184
PG 12
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100017
ER

PT J
AU Skinner, RH
AF Skinner, RH
TI Emergence and survival of pasture species sown in monocultures or
   mixtures
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT SEED-GERMINATION; BIRDSFOOT-TREFOIL; PLANT COMMUNITY;
   TRADE-OFF; DENSITY; ESTABLISHMENT; COMPETITION; GRASSLAND; TEMPERATURE;
   CANOPY
AB Plant-plant interactions during seedling establishment can markedly affect the composition of pasture communities. This research examined the emergence, mortality, and early growth of four forage species commonly found in temperate northeastern U.S. pastures. Species were selected based on functional group (grass vs. legume) and relative drought tolerance. Drought-tolerant species included 'Penlate' orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and 'Viking' birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), while drought-sensitive species included 'Basion' perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and 'Will' white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Seeds were sown as monocultures, as grass-legume binary mixtures, and as a complex, four-species mixture. Mixture complexity had only minor effects on seedling emergence. However, legume mortality was significantly reduced in the complex compared with other mixtures in a year when high temperature and drought stress limited seedling establishment. In most cases there was a negative effect of neighbors on survival as evidenced by reduced clustering of surviving compared with emerged seedlings and by a negative relationship between mortality rate and distance to the nearest neighbor. However, in a drought year, perennial ryegrass mortality decreased as distance to the nearest neighbor decreased, suggesting that survival was facilitated by the presence of neighbors. Although mixture complexity had significant effects on seedling emergence and mortality, species composition in the binary and complex mixtures could be predicted based on emergence and survival of monocultures. It appears that seedling emergence information gleaned from monocultures can be a useful too] for predicting initial species composition of more complex mixtures.
C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Managment Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Managment Res Unit, Bldg 3702 Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 799
EP 805
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0211
PG 7
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100021
ER

PT J
AU Westgate, LR
   Singer, JW
   Kohler, KA
AF Westgate, LR
   Singer, JW
   Kohler, KA
TI Method and timing of rye control affects soybean development and
   resource utilization
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID COVER CROP MANAGEMENT; GLYCINE-MAX; WEED MANAGEMENT; NET RETURN; CEREAL
   RYE; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; SOIL; YIELD; EMERGENCE
AB Cover crops provide environmental and soil quality benefits, yet their adoption into production agriculture has been limited. This study was conducted to determine the influence of the growth stage and method of rye (Secale cereale L.) control on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] development and resource utilization. Fall-planted rye was controlled the following spring using a stalk chopper (mechanical) or glyphosate (chemical) at the second-node, boot, and anthesis growth stages near Boone, IA, in 2002 and 2003. Regrowth from mechanical rye control in 2002 depleted soil water until rye matured. Maximum light interception by soybean was reduced by as much as 43 and 30% in chemical and 51 and 23% in mechanical control compared with the no-rye check in 2002 and 2003. Dry matter (DM) accumulation was reduced by as much as 267 and 907 g m(-2) in chemical and mechanical control in 2002 compared with the check. In 2003, the range in DM accumulation was 242 g m(-2). Rye delayed pod maturity in both years by as much as 7.9 d. Producers who adopt these methods of rye management can expect delayed soybean maturity and reduced DM accumulation.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Singer, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM singer@nstl.gov
RI Singer, Jeremy/G-6260-2010
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 806
EP 816
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0223
PG 11
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100022
ER

PT J
AU Gesch, RW
   Cermak, SC
   Isbell, TA
   Forcella, F
AF Gesch, RW
   Cermak, SC
   Isbell, TA
   Forcella, F
TI Seed yield and oil content of Cuphea as affected by harvest date
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FATTY-ACIDS; MATURITY; ESTOLIDES; GROWTH; ESTERS;
   CROP
AB Cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq X C. lanceolata W.T. Aiton) can serve as an oilseed crop substitute for small- and medium-chain triglycerides, which are in high demand for chemical manufacturing. Domesticated genotypes of cuphea show good potential for agricultural production, but their indeterminate growth may result in seed shatter if left in the field too long. Little information exists on when to harvest cuphea to obtain greatest seed yield and oil content. A study was conducted on a Barnes soil in west-central Minnesota to determine the best time to harvest cuphea when sown at an optimum time in the spring. Harvests were taken at 1- to 2-wk intervals from mid-August through mid-October during 2001 and 2002. Seed yields were greatest within a time period of about 20 d in late September to early October. Soon after a killing frost (<= -2 degrees C), 5 October in 2001 and 9 October in 2002, yield declined sharply at a rate of about 10.6 kg ha(-1) d(-1), probably due to increased shattering. However, shattering due to mechanical harvesting was greater than that from natural causes. Total seed oil content also was influenced by harvest date. Across years, oil content averaged 247 g kg(-1) in August, increasing to 304 g kg(-1) by late September and thereafter. For greatest seed yield and oil content, the optimum time to harvest cuphea is in late September to early October in west-central Minnesota. However, until more shatter-resistant, determinate genotypes are developed, improved harvest management is needed to reduce shatter-induced yield loss.
C1 USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Gesch, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA.
EM gesch@morris.ars.usda.gov
NR 21
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 817
EP 822
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0231
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100023
ER

PT J
AU Pikul, JL
   Hammack, L
   Riedell, WE
AF Pikul, JL
   Hammack, L
   Riedell, WE
TI Corn yield, nitrogen use, and corn rootworm infestation of rotations in
   the northern corn
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID LARVAL FEEDING DAMAGE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; TILLAGE; SOIL; CHRYSOMELIDAE;
   COLEOPTERA; MANAGEMENT; BELT; POPULATIONS; RESPONSES
AB Crop rotation may improve production efficiency and reduce fertilizer N requirements for corn (Zea mays L.). Objectives were to determine effect of rotation and N on corn yield, efficiency of water use (WUE) and N use (NUE), and corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) beetle populations (CR). Rotations (started in 1990) were continuous corn (CC), corn-soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] (CS), and a 4-yr rotation of corn-soybean-spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) companion-seeded with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-alfalfa hay (CSWA). Nitrogen treatments for corn were corn fertilized for a grain yield of 8.5 Mg ha(-1) (highN), 5.3 Mg ha(-1) (midN), and no N fertilizer (noN). Average yield (1992-2003) was greatest (p = 0.003) under CS and highN (7.0 Mg ha(-1)). Yield differences (p = 0.001) among rotations increased with decreased fertilizer N. Average (1992-2003) yield with noN fertilizer was 5.8 Mg ha(-1) under CSWA, 4.5 Mg ha(-1) under CS, and 2.8 Mg ha(-1) under CC. Nitrogen use efficiency differed (p = 0.096) only under midN with CSWA = CS > CC. Soil water (upper 1.8 m) for corn measured on 1 June (average of N treatments) was 55, 54, and 45 cm for CC, CS, and CSWA, respectively. For CSWA under highN, available water limited yield in 3 of 6 yr. At highN, CR adult populations were greater under CS compared with CC and greater at higher N fertilizer levels within CC. Rotations have potential to improve production efficiency; however, there is potential for reduced corn yield after alfalfa due to less available soil water.
C1 USDA ARS, No Grain Insects Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
RP Pikul, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Grain Insects Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
EM jpikul@ngirl.ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 854
EP 863
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0263
PG 10
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100028
ER

PT J
AU Daughtry, CST
   Hunt, ER
   Doraiswamy, PC
   McMurtrey, JE
AF Daughtry, CST
   Hunt, ER
   Doraiswamy, PC
   McMurtrey, JE
TI Remote sensing the spatial distribution of crop residues
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORTWAVE INFRARED REFLECTANCE; VEGETATION INDEXES; PLANT LITTER; SOIL;
   COVER; FEATURES
AB Management of plant litter or crop residues in agricultural fields is an important consideration for reducing soil erosion and increasing soil organic C. Current methods of quantifying crop residue cover are inadequate for characterizing the spatial variability of residue cover within fields and across large regions. Our objectives were to evaluate several spectral indices for measuring crop residue cover using ground-based and airborne hyperspectral data and to categorize soil tillage intensity in agricultural fields based on crop residue cover. Reflectance spectra of mixtures of crop residues, green vegetation, and soil were acquired over the 400- to 2500-nm wavelength region. High-altitude AVIRIS (Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer) data were also acquired near Beltsville, MD, in May 2000. Broad absorption features near 2100 and 2300 nm in the reflectance spectra of crop residues were associated with cellulose and lignin. These features were not evident in the spectra of green vegetation and soils. Crop residue cover was linearly related to the cellulose absorption index, which was defined as the relative depth of the 2100-nm absorption feature. Other spectral indices for crop residue were calculated and evaluated. The best spectral indices were based on relatively narrow (10-50 nm) bands in the 2000- to 2400-nm region, were linearly related to crop residue cover, and correctly identified tillage intensity classes in > 90% of test agricultural fields. Regional surveys of soil management practices that affect soil conservation and soil C dynamics may be feasible using advanced multispectral or hyperspectral imaging systems.
C1 USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sens Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Daughtry, CST (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sens Lab, Bldg 007,Rm 104,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM cdaughtry@hydrolab.arsusda.gov
NR 28
TC 71
Z9 77
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 864
EP 871
DI 10.2134/agrong2003.0291
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100029
ER

PT J
AU Baumhardt, RL
   Tolk, JA
   Winter, SR
AF Baumhardt, RL
   Tolk, JA
   Winter, SR
TI Seeding practices and cultivar maturity effects on simulated dryland
   grain sorghum yield
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; DEVELOPING GUIDELINES; TILLAGE; IRRIGATION;
   NITROGEN; MODEL
AB Typical planting recommendations for dryland grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in the southern High Plains are to delay until soil water is adequate for crop establishment, but no population or cultivar maturity class are specified. Our objectives were to use the SORKAM simulation model, long-term (1958-1998) weather records at Bushland, TX, and known Pullman soil (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustolls) properties to identify an optimum planting date, population, row spacing, and cultivar maturity combination to maximize dryland grain sorghum yield. We simulated sorghum grain yields for combinations of planting dates (15 May, 5 June, and 25 June), populations (3,6, and 12 plants m(-2)), row spacings (0.38 and 0.76 m), and cultivar maturity class (early, medium, and late). SORKAM consistently (r(2) = 0.69, RMSE = 792 kg ha(-1)) simulated grain yields that averaged about 5% more than measured values and correctly simulated row width and population effects on yield. Simulated grain yields increased with narrow row-spacing similar to 9%, independent of planting date or cultivar. Increasing plant population significantly decreased panicle seed number, seed mass, and plant tillers; however, the simulated grain yield was unchanged (39964106 kg ha(-1)) by plant populations. Mean simulated grain yields were greatest for the 5 June planting dates with early and medium maturity cultivars that avoided late summer heat or water deficit stresses and matured before freezing weather. Our results show early or medium maturity cultivars, planted 5 June, in 0.38-m row widths, using 3 or 6 plants m(-2), achieve the greatest dryland grain yield on a southern High Plains clay loam soil.
C1 USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
   Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
RP Baumhardt, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
EM rlbaumhardt@cprl.ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 935
EP 942
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0087
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100038
ER

PT J
AU Flowers, M
   Weisz, R
   White, JG
AF Flowers, M
   Weisz, R
   White, JG
TI Yield-based management zones and grid sampling strategies: Describing
   soil test and nutrient variability
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FERTILIZER APPLICATION; CLASSIFICATION; STEP; MAPS
AB Alternatives such as yield-based management zones may solve problems associated with grid soil sampling while effectively describing soil test and nutrient variability. The main objective was to delineate yield-based management zones using multiyear yield data and compare them with whole-field average and grid soil-sampling methods to determine the most effective strategy for describing soil test and nutrient variability. Research was conducted in four continuous no-till fields that had varied cropping histories and yield monitor data for at least 3 yr from 1996 through 2000. Four yield-based management zone methods, (i) mean normalized yield map (MNY), (ii) coefficient of variation map (CVM), (iii) MNY X CVM, and (iv) yield region map (YRM), were evaluated. Three grid soil-sampling strategies, (i) grid cell, (ii) grid center, and (iii) grid center with kriging at two sampling distances (68 and 98 m), were also tested. Grid cell sampling consistently captured more soil test and nutrient variability than the grid center and grid center with kriging methods. Of the yield-based management zone strategies, YRM was the most effective and in all four fields explained more soil test and nutrient variability compared with the whole-field average approach. Yield region map also performed better than or similar to the 98-m grid center and 98-m grid center with kriging strategies. When the field had low soil test values, YRM was also nearly as effective in capturing nutrient recommendation variability as the 98-m grid cell method. However, compared with all other strategies, the 68-m grid cell method was the most effective way to describe soil test and nutrient variability.
C1 USDA ARS, Air Qual Plant Growth & Dev Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Flowers, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Air Qual Plant Growth & Dev Res Unit, 3908 Inwood Rd, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA.
EM mike_flowers@ncsu.edu
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 968
EP 982
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0224
PG 15
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100042
ER

PT J
AU Waldron, BL
   Monaco, TA
   Jensen, KB
   Harrison, RD
   Palazzo, AJ
   Kulbeth, JD
AF Waldron, BL
   Monaco, TA
   Jensen, KB
   Harrison, RD
   Palazzo, AJ
   Kulbeth, JD
TI Coexistence of native and introduced perennial grasses following
   simultaneous seeding
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CRESTED WHEATGRASS; RUSSIAN WILDRYE; SEMIARID RANGELANDS; WESTERN
   WHEATGRASS; TUSSOCK GRASSES; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; REGISTRATION;
   COMPETITION; SUCCESSION
AB Revegetation of disturbed semiarid lands requires rapid stabilization of ecological process and soil resources. Introduced species have been widely adopted because the slow establishment of native species frequently results in poor ecosystem recovery and further site degradation. Little research has documented the managerial possibilities and species interactions associated with simultaneously establishing native and introduced grasses on semiarid lands. We conducted a 3-yr experiment at Fort Carson, CO, to evaluate if seven native perennial grasses would coexist with either Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski], crested wheatgrass (Agropyron sp.), or Siberian wheatgrass [A. fragile (Roth) Candargy] after simultaneous seeding. Five grass mixes, each comprised of the seven natives and one introduced grass, and a standard military seed mix (mostly native grasses with a small introduced species component) were evaluated by comparing percentage ground cover of individual species. Predominance of crested and Siberian wheatgrass cover resulted in significantly lower native grass and weed abundance. In contrast, Russian wildrye and military treatments had lower introduced grass cover and high weed abundance, but much higher native grass cover. However, weed cover decreased to < 5% in all treatments during the experiment. Western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Love] was responsible for > 80% of the native species cover in the military treatment for all 3 yr, whereas the Russian wildrye treatments had a more balanced mix of several native species. These results provide insights into managerial considerations for revegetation and weed control for frequently disturbed rangelands and suggest that some introduced grasses may coexist with native grasses.
C1 USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
   Ft Carson DECAM, Nat Resources Div, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA.
RP Waldron, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM blair.waldron@usu.edu
NR 47
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 17
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 3
BP 990
EP 996
DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0265
PG 7
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 930AM
UT WOS:000229388100044
ER

PT J
AU Cox, B
   Eischen, F
   Graham, H
AF Cox, B
   Eischen, F
   Graham, H
TI American foulbrood survey in honey bees pollinating California almonds -
   Part II of three parts - A disease equivalent number of spores
SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 USDA, Honey Bee Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
RP Cox, B (reprint author), USDA, Honey Bee Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU DADANT & SONS INC
PI HAMILTON
PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA
SN 0002-7626
J9 AM BEE J
JI Am. Bee J.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 145
IS 5
BP 390
EP 391
PG 2
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 920UR
UT WOS:000228716100013
ER

PT J
AU Schaefer, EJ
   McNamara, JR
   Asztalos, BF
   Tayler, T
   Daly, JA
   Gleason, JL
   Seman, LJ
   Ferrari, A
   Rubenstein, JJ
AF Schaefer, EJ
   McNamara, JR
   Asztalos, BF
   Tayler, T
   Daly, JA
   Gleason, JL
   Seman, LJ
   Ferrari, A
   Rubenstein, JJ
TI Effects of atorvastatin versus other statins on fasting and postprandial
   c-reactive protein and lipoprotein - Associated phospholipase A(2) in
   patients with coronary heart disease versus control subjects
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVATING-FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; RISK
   PREDICTION; PLASMA; CHOLESTEROL; THERAPY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS;
   INTERLEUKIN-6; SIMVASTATIN; INHIBITOR
AB The effects of atorvastatin (40 mg/day) versus placebo on fasting and postprandial plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA2) were examined over 36 weeks in 84 patients who had coronary heart disease, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels > 130 mg/dl and compared directly with the effects of fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin. Results were also compared with those obtained in age- and gender-matched control subjects,(n = 84). Feeding increased median hs-CRP levels by 2% in patients (p = NS) and 22% in controls (p < 0.01) and increased mean Lp-PLA2 values by, 9% in patients (p = NS) but decreased values by 21 % in controls (p < 0.0001). Patients had 5 1 % higher median hs-CRP values and 29% higher mean Lp-PLA2 values than did controls (p < 0.05 for hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2) in the fasting state; however, Lp-PLA2 values were 62% higher (p < 0.0001) in the fed state in patients compared with controls. Atorvastatin decreased median hs-CRP levels by 32% (p < 0.01) and mean Lp-PLA2 values by 26% in patients (p < 0.0001), with similar decreases in the fed state, and none of the other statins had any significant effect on these parameters. Change in Lp-PLA2 was significantly related to change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.01), with no significant relations with change in hs-CRP. Our data indicate greater differences in patients with coronary heart disease compared with controls in Lp-PLA2 in the fed state than in the fasting state and that atorvastatin is more effective than fluvastatin, lovastatin, provastatin, or simvastatin for decreasing not only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but. also hs-CRP and Lp-PLA2. (c) 2005 by Excerpta Medica Inc.
C1 Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Cardiovasc Res & Lipid Metab Labs, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Newton Wellesley Hosp, Div Cardiol, Newton, MA USA.
RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Cardiovasc Res & Lipid Metab Labs, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM schaefer@tufts.edu
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL064738]
NR 26
TC 78
Z9 84
U1 0
U2 2
PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI BRIDGEWATER
PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA
SN 0002-9149
J9 AM J CARDIOL
JI Am. J. Cardiol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 9
BP 1025
EP 1032
DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.01.023
PG 8
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 921BF
UT WOS:000228738500001
PM 15842965
ER

PT J
AU Schoeller, DA
   Tylavsky, FA
   Baer, DJ
   Chumlea, WC
   Earthman, CP
   Fuerst, T
   Harris, TB
   Heymsfield, SB
   Horlick, M
   Lohman, TG
   Lukaski, HC
   Shepherd, J
   Siervogel, RM
   Borrud, LG
AF Schoeller, DA
   Tylavsky, FA
   Baer, DJ
   Chumlea, WC
   Earthman, CP
   Fuerst, T
   Harris, TB
   Heymsfield, SB
   Horlick, M
   Lohman, TG
   Lukaski, HC
   Shepherd, J
   Siervogel, RM
   Borrud, LG
TI QDR 4500A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer underestimates fat mass in
   comparison with criterion methods in adults
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE body composition; hydration; total body water
ID BODY-COMPOSITION MEASUREMENTS; 4-COMPARTMENT MODEL; SINGAPOREAN CHINESE;
   ETHNIC-GROUPS; PENCIL-BEAM; HYDRATION; WOMEN; BONE; AGE; CHILDREN
AB Background: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has become one of the most frequently used methods for estimating human body composition. Although the DXA technique has been validated for the measurement of fat-free mass and fat mass, differences in calibration between instruments produced by different manufacturers, as well as between different models produced by the same manufacturer, have been reported.
   Objective: The objective was to compare the calibration of the QDR 4500A against criterion methods in a large heterogeneous population.
   Design: DXA-derived body-composition data were obtained from 7 studies: 6 data sets were provided by the investigators, one of which was published. The data included fat mass and fat-free mass measured with a QDR 4500A and criteria measurements of body composition from total body water by dilution at 4 centers, densitometry from 1 center, and four-compartment analysis at 2 centers.
   Results: In the cohort of 1195 subjects, 602 men and 593 women aged 19-82 y with a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 16-44, the fan-beam DXA overestimated fat-free mass (P &LT; 0.05). A significant difference was observed in all 7 data sets, and the mean ( SE) was 5 &PLUSMN; 1%.
   Conclusions: It is recommended that the lean soft tissue mass estimate with the fan-beam QDR 4500A be reduced by 5% and that for fat mass be increased by that same mass. This finding is particularly important because the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is using the QDR 4500A to assess body composition in a nationally representative sample of. persons in the United States.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA.
   USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
   Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Lifespan Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Community Hlth, Kettering, OH USA.
   Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
   NIA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
   St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY 10025 USA.
   Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
   USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA.
RP Schoeller, DA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1415 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM dschoell@nutrisci.wisc.edu
FU NIA NIH HHS [N01-AG-2106, N01-AG-6-2102, N01-AG-6-2103]
NR 49
TC 120
Z9 120
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1018
EP 1025
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300012
PM 15883424
ER

PT J
AU Lukaski, HC
AF Lukaski, HC
TI Low dietary zinc decreases erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase activities and
   impairs cardiorespiratory function in men during exercise
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE zinc depletion; erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase; cardiorespiratory
   function; humans
ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SERUM ZINC; DEFICIENCY; ENZYMES; PLASMA
AB Background: The role of zinc in promoting physiologic function during exercise is not well understood. Although some zinc-containing enzymes are postulated to regulate energy expenditure, data are limited on the effect of restricted dietary zinc on metabolic responses during exercise.
   Objective: This study determined the effects of low zinc intake on carbonic anhydrase activity in red blood cells (RBCs) and cardiorespiratory function during exercise.
   Design: In this double-blind, randomized crossover study, 14 men aged 20-31 y were fed low-zinc and supplemented (3.8 and 18.7 mg/d) diets made up of Western foods for 9-wk periods with a 6-wk washout. Peak work capacity, determined by using a cycle ergometer and a graded, progressive protocol, and a prolonged submaximal test (70% peak intensity for 45 min) were administered during the second and ninth weeks of each diet period.
   Results: Dietary zinc did not affect hemoglobin or hematocrit. Low dietary zinc resulted in lower (P &LT; 0.05) serum and erythrocyte zinc concentrations, zinc retention, and total carbonic anhydrase and isoform activities in RBCs. Peak oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, and respiratory exchange ratio were lower (P &LT; 0.05), and ventilatory equivalents for metabolic responses during exercise were greater (P &LT; 0.05), with low than with supplemental zinc intake. Similar functional responses were observed during prolonged, submaximal exercise.
   Conclusion: These findings indicate that low dietary zinc is associated with significant reductions in zinc status, including RBC carbonic anhydrase activities, and impaired metabolic responses during exercise.
C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
RP Lukaski, HC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Box 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM hlukaski@gfbnrc.ars.usda.gov
NR 41
TC 15
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1045
EP 1051
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300015
PM 15883427
ER

PT J
AU Spadano, JL
   Bandini, LG
   Must, A
   Dallal, GE
   Dietz, WH
AF Spadano, JL
   Bandini, LG
   Must, A
   Dallal, GE
   Dietz, WH
TI Longitudinal changes in energy expenditure in girls from late childhood
   through midadolescence
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE energy expenditure; resting metabolic rate; physical activity; parental
   overweight; puberty; adolescents; female; obesity
ID RESTING METABOLIC-RATE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BODY-COMPOSITION;
   AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PREMENARCHEAL GIRLS; WHITE-CHILDREN; BLACK GIRLS;
   ADOLESCENTS; OBESITY; AGE
AB Background: Longitudinal data on energy expenditure in children and adolescents are scarce.
   Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in energy expenditure and physical activity in girls from late childhood through midadolescence.
   Design: We measured total energy expenditure (TEE) by doubly labeled water, resting metabolic rate (RMR) by indirect calorimetry, body composition by O-18 dilution, and time spent in activity by an activity diary in 28 initially nonobese girls at &AP; 10, &AP; 12, and &AP; 15 y of age. Changes with age in TEE, RMR, and activity energy expenditure (AEE), both in absolute terms and in adjusted analyses, and in physical activity level (PAL) and time spent sleeping, being sedentary, and in moderate and vigorous activity were evaluated by mixed-model repeated-measures analyses.
   Results: Absolute TEE and AEE increased significantly from age 10 to age 15 y (P &LT; 0.0001 for both). Absolute RMR at ages 12 and 15 y did not differ significantly, despite significant increases in fat-free mass and fat mass between the visits. PAL was significantly higher (P &LT; 0.0001) at age 15 y than at age 10 or 12 y, whereas time spent being sedentary increased significantly from age 10 to age 15 y (P &LT; 0.001), and AEE adjusted for fat-free mass appeared to decrease over the same interval.
   Conclusion: Conclusions drawn regarding changes with age in physical activity depend on the measure of physical activity assessed.
C1 Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, USDA, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   MIT, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
   Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Eurice Kennedy Shriver Ctr, Waltham, MA USA.
   Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Family Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr & Phys Activ, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Spadano, JL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dietary Assessment & Epidemiol Res Program, USDA, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM jennifer.spadano@tufts.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01066, M01-RR-00088]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK046200,
   5-PD30-DK46200, DK-HD50537]
NR 45
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1102
EP 1109
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300023
PM 15883435
ER

PT J
AU Badaloo, A
   Reid, M
   Soares, D
   Forrester, T
   Jahoor, F
AF Badaloo, A
   Reid, M
   Soares, D
   Forrester, T
   Jahoor, F
TI Relation between liver fat content and the rate of VLDL apolipoprotein
   B-100 synthesis in children with protein-energy malnutrition
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE VLDL apolipoprotein B-100; VLDL-apo B-100; protein-energy malnutrition;
   children; fatty liver
ID AMINO-ACIDS; KWASHIORKOR; SERUM; PLASMA; LIPOPROTEINS; TRIGLYCERIDES;
   PATHOGENESIS; CHOLESTEROL; TRANSPORT; KINETICS
AB Background: Fatty infiltration of the liver is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Although impaired synthesis of VLDL apolipoprotein B-100 (VLDL-apo B-100) is generally accepted as the pathogenetic mechanism, the rate of it synthesis has not been measured in children with PEM.
   Objective: The objective of the study was to ascertain the relation between the degree of hepatic steatosis and the rate of VLDL-apo B-100 synthesis in children with PEM.
   Design: The fractional and absolute rates of VLDL-apo B-100 synthesis were measured with a prime-constant intravenous infusion of [H-2(3)]leucine in 13 severely malnourished children (8 boys and 5 girls) aged 7-18 mo. Hepatic fat content was estimated by computerized tomography scanning by using the ratio of liver to spleen (L:S) attenuation. The ratio is inversely related to hepatic fat content such that the lower the L:S, the greater the amount of fat in the liver.
   Results: There were significant inverse relations between L:S attenuation and VLDL-apo B-100 concentration (P &LT; 0.02), the absolute rate of VLDL-apo B-100 synthesis (P &LT; 0.02), and plasma triacylglycerol (P &LT; 0.02) and serum cholesterol (P &LT; 0.05) concentrations.
   Conclusions: These results suggest that children with PEM synthesize VLDL-apo B-100 at a faster rate as the degree of hepatic fat infiltration increases. Thus, fatty infiltration of the liver in PEM is not due to a reduction in the synthesis of VLDL-apo B-100.
C1 Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   Univ W Indies, Univ Hosp W Indies, Trop Metab Res Unit, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
   Univ W Indies, Univ Hosp W Indies, Sect Radiol, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
RP Jahoor, F (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM fjahoor@bcm.tmc.edu
OI Reid, Marvin/0000-0003-4005-9384
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R01 DK56689]; Wellcome Trust
NR 34
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1126
EP 1132
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300026
PM 15883438
ER

PT J
AU Hunt, JR
AF Hunt, JR
TI Absorption of iron from ferritin
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Letter
ID WOMEN
C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
RP Hunt, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N,POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM jhunt@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1178
EP 1179
PG 2
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300037
PM 15883447
ER

PT J
AU Allen, LH
AF Allen, LH
TI Multiple micronutrients in pregnancy and lactation: An overview
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Women and Micronutrients - Addressing the Gap Throughout
   the Lifecycle
CY JUN, 2004
CL New York, NY
SP Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr
DE pregnancy; lactation; multiple micronutrients; iron deficiency anemia;
   B-vitamin deficiencies; homocysteine
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; IRON SUPPLEMENTATION;
   HIGH PREVALENCE; ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION; VITAMIN-B-12 DEFICIENCY; IODINE
   SUPPLEMENTATION; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES
AB The overview of multiple micronutrients during pregnancy and lactation emphasizes 2 relatively neglected issues. The first is that maternal micronutrient status in the periconceptional period, and throughout pregnancy and lactation, should be viewed as a continuum; too often these 3 stages are treated and discussed separately from both a scientific and a public health perspective. Iron and vitamin B-12 are included as examples to stress how status at conception affects maternal, fetal, and infant status and health until the child is weaned. The second issue is that while most attention has been focused on a few micronutrients, for example iron and folate as discussed elsewhere in this Supplement, multiple micronutrient deficiencies occur simultaneously when diets are poor. Some of these deserve more attention as causes of poor pregnancy outcome, including other B vitamin deficiencies that result in homocysteinemia, antioxidants, vitamin D, and iodine. In lactation, maternal status or intake of the B vitamins (except folate), vitamin A, selenium and iodine strongly affect the amount of these nutrients secreted in breast milk. This can result in the infant consuming substantially less than the recommended amounts and further depleting stores that were low at birth. While the optimal mode of meeting recommended micronutrient intakes is an adequate diet, in some situations supplementation is also important. Unfortunately, information is lacking on the optimal formulation of micronutrient supplements for pregnant women, and the need to continue these supplements during lactation is not recognized in many situations where maternal. and infant health could benefit.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP Allen, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM Ihallen@ucdavis.edu
NR 67
TC 106
Z9 110
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
   USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 5
BP 1206S
EP 1212S
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 925IH
UT WOS:000229046300045
PM 15883453
ER

PT J
AU Velasquez, MT
   Bhathena, SJ
   Ali, AA
   Hansen, CT
AF Velasquez, MT
   Bhathena, SJ
   Ali, AA
   Hansen, CT
TI Long-term effects of a reduced fixed-dose combination of benazepril and
   amlodipine on blood pressure, metabolic control, renal function, and the
   heart in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 20th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hypertension
CY MAY 14-18, 2005
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Soc Hypertension
C1 George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA.
   USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Phytonutrients Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   NIH, Anim Genet Resource, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0895-7061
J9 AM J HYPERTENS
JI Am. J. Hypertens.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 18
IS 5
SU S
BP 136A
EP 136A
DI 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.03.378
PN 2
PG 1
WC Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 927VW
UT WOS:000229229600378
ER

PT J
AU Cheema, BSB
   Smith, BCF
   Singh, MAF
AF Cheema, BSB
   Smith, BCF
   Singh, MAF
TI A rationale for intradialytic exercise training as standard clinical
   practice in ESRD
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE resistance training; aerobic training; peak oxygen uptake (Vo(2peak));
   dialysis adequacy; survey; Australia; health; quality of life (QOL);
   standard of care
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS;
   SOLUTE REMOVAL; REHABILITATION; CAPACITY; IMPROVE
AB The purpose of this article is to present a rationale for intradialytic exercise training in patients with end-stage renal disease based on the empirical evidence to date and determine whether this evidence has translated into enhanced renal rehabilitation practices throughout the world. According to the published literature, intradialytic exercise improves exercise adoption and adherence in this cohort, is performed safely, and is feasible to administer. Moreover, intradialytic exercise can improve solute removal, dialysis adequacy, Intradialytic protein synthesis, muscular strength, peak oxygen consumption, nutritional status, and quality of life. Despite these findings, there currently are no policies or position stands regarding exercise prescription for hemodialysis patients in Australia. According to a telephone survey we conducted, intradialytic exercise programs are essentially nonexistent in this country. However, such programs are being implemented successfully as standard clinical practice in dialysis units in Germany, and there is reason to believe that this practice can be expanded throughout the world. At present, additional research is indicated. There is a lack of large-scale, robustly designed, randomized, controlled trials of intradialytic exercise training. Such research is needed to conclusively show the clinical Importance of intradialytic exercise for hemodialysis patients, which may influence current standard clinical practice among nephrologists and, as such, improve the health and quality of life of this vulnerable cohort.
C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia.
   Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia.
   Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02131 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Cheema, BSB (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, POB 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia.
EM bche3l57@mail.usyd.edu.au
OI smith, benjamin/0000-0003-1218-7290
NR 31
TC 39
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0272-6386
J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS
JI Am. J. Kidney Dis.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 5
BP 912
EP 916
DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.01.030
PG 5
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 922US
UT WOS:000228866000015
PM 15861357
ER

PT J
AU Escobar, J
   Frank, JW
   Suryawan, A
   Nguyen, HV
   Kimball, SR
   Jefferson, LS
   Davis, TA
AF Escobar, J
   Frank, JW
   Suryawan, A
   Nguyen, HV
   Kimball, SR
   Jefferson, LS
   Davis, TA
TI Physiological rise in plasma leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis
   in neonatal pigs by enhancing translation initiation factor activation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
DE nutrition; liver; amino acids; ribosomal protein S6 kinase; eukaryotic
   initiation factor-4E
ID AMINO-ACID UTILIZATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; POSTABSORPTIVE RATS; INSULIN;
   TISSUE; ADIPOCYTES; METABOLISM; DECREASES; PATHWAY; GLUCOSE
AB Protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of adult rats increases in response to oral gavage of supraphysiological doses of leucine. However, the effect on protein synthesis of a physiological rise in plasma leucine has not been investigated in neonates, an anabolic population highly sensitive to amino acids and insulin. Therefore, in the current study, fasted pigs were infused intra-arterially with leucine ( 0, 200, or 400 mu mol.kg(-1) . h(-1)), and protein synthesis was measured after 60 or 120 min. Protein synthesis was increased in muscle, but not in liver, at 60 min. At 120 min, however, protein synthesis returned to baseline levels in muscle but was reduced below baseline values in liver. The increase in protein synthesis in muscle was associated with increased plasma leucine of 1.5- to 3-fold and no change in plasma insulin. Leucine infusion for 120 min reduced plasma essential amino acid levels. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-4E-binding protein-1 (4E-BP1), ribosomal protein (rp) S6 kinase, and rpS6 was increased, and the amount of eIF4E associated with its repressor 4E-BP1 was reduced after 60 and 120 min of leucine infusion. No change in these biomarkers of mRNA translation was observed in liver. Thus a physiological increase in plasma leucine stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs in association with increased eIF4E availability for eIF4F assembly. This response appears to be insulin independent, substrate dependent, and tissue specific. The results suggest that the branched-chain amino acid leucine can act as a nutrient signal to stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonates.
C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
   Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Hershey, PA USA.
RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St,Suite 9064, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM tdavis@bcm.tmc.edu
FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044474, R01 AR-44474]; NICHD NIH HHS [T32
   HD-07445]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-13499, DK-15658]
NR 34
TC 85
Z9 88
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0193-1849
J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M
JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 288
IS 5
BP E914
EP E921
DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00510.2004
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology
GA 918VC
UT WOS:000228574700011
PM 15644455
ER

PT J
AU Shepherd, BS
   Drennon, K
   Johnson, J
   Nichols, JW
   Playle, RC
   Singer, TD
   Vijayan, MM
AF Shepherd, BS
   Drennon, K
   Johnson, J
   Nichols, JW
   Playle, RC
   Singer, TD
   Vijayan, MM
TI Salinity acclimation affects the somatotropic axis in rainbow trout
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE
   PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE insulin-like growth factor binding-proteins; insulin-like growth
   factor-I; growth hormone; rainbow trout; salinity
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; FACTOR-BINDING-PROTEINS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; SPRING
   CHINOOK SALMON; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; NA+-K+-ATPASE; COHO SALMON;
   ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; IGF-I
AB In this study, we set out to examine the role of the somatotropic axis in the ion-regulation process in rainbow trout. Specifically, our objective was to examine whether plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are modulated by gradual salinity exposure. To this end, freshwater (FW)-adapted rainbow trout were subjected to gradual salinity increases, up to 66% seawater, over a period of 5 days. During this acclimation process, minimal elevations in plasma Ca2+ and Cl- were seen in the salinity-acclimated groups compared with FW controls. There were no changes in plasma Na+ levels, and only a minor transient change in plasma cortisol levels was seen with salinity exposure. The salinity challenged animals responded with elevations in plasma growth hormone (GH) and IGF-I levels and gill Na+-K+-ATPase activity. We identified IGFBPs of 21, 32, 42, and 50 kDa in size in the plasma of these animals, and they were consistently higher with salinity. Despite the overall increase in IGFBPs with salinity, transient changes in individual BPs over the 5-day period were noted in the FW and salinity-exposed fish. Specifically, the transient changes in plasma levels of the 21-, 42-, and 50-kDa IGFBPs were different between the FW and salinity groups, while the 32-kDa IGFBP showed a similar trend (increases with sampling time) in both groups. Considered together, the elevated plasma IGFBPs suggest a key role for these binding proteins in the regulation of IGF-I during salinity acclimation in salmonids.
C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY USA.
   Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
   Univ Waterloo, Sch Optometry, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
   Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Shepherd, BS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM bshepherd@ncccwa.ars.usda.gov
NR 97
TC 38
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0363-6119
EI 1522-1490
J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I
JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 288
IS 5
BP R1385
EP R1395
DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00443.2004
PG 11
WC Physiology
SC Physiology
GA 914YQ
UT WOS:000228264500039
PM 15604305
ER

PT J
AU McKenzie, MJ
   Sowokinos, JR
   Shea, IM
   Gupta, SK
   Lindlauf, RR
   Anderson, JAD
AF McKenzie, MJ
   Sowokinos, JR
   Shea, IM
   Gupta, SK
   Lindlauf, RR
   Anderson, JAD
TI Investigations on the role of acid invertase and UDP-glucose
   pyrophosphorylase in potato clones with varying resistance to
   cold-induced sweetening
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE cold storage; invertase inhibitor; processing; sugars
ID SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; LOW-TEMPERATURE;
   ANTISENSE RNA; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; INHIBITOR; STORAGE; ACCUMULATION;
   METABOLISM
AB Fifteen potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones with varying resistance to cold-induced sweetening were analysed for vacuolar acid invertase (AcInv, EC 3.2.1.26) and UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase (UGPase; EC 2.7.7.9) activities related to their ability to accumulate sugars following cold storage (4 C). The UGPase isozyme profiles for each clone were also determined. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated a 55 kappa D protein, in seven of the 15 clones, that reacted with UGPase antisera in addition to the 53 kD UGPase subunit previously reported. The UGPase activity of these clones was significantly lower than that of the "single subunit" clones. Basal AcInv activity showed a positive correlation to the Glc:Suc ratio across the clones that was moderately significant before and after cold temperature storage. The activity of UGPase, which limits the rate of Suc formation, was of secondary importance in limiting the rate of hexogenesis when vacuolar AcInv activity was excessive. It is suggested that with the potato clones from this breeding program that AcInv (and its inhibitor) plays a dominant role in the hexogenic pathway by regulating the hexose:Suc ratio. The finding of a new protein that is reactive with UGPase antisera may prove to play an important function in the regulation of Suc formation in potatoes.
C1 New Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Food Ind Sci Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   USDA ARS, Potato Res Worksite, E Grand Forks, MN 56721 USA.
   New Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Pukekohe Res Ctr, Pukekohe, New Zealand.
RP New Zealand Inst Crop & Food Res Ltd, Food Ind Sci Ctr, Batchelar Rd, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
EM mckenziem@crop.cri.nz
RI McKenzie, Marian/D-1701-2016
OI McKenzie, Marian/0000-0002-0192-5799
NR 32
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-209X
EI 1874-9380
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 82
IS 3
BP 231
EP 239
PG 9
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 937KN
UT WOS:000229923100007
ER

PT J
AU Bamberg, JB
   Palta, JP
   Vega, SE
AF Bamberg, JB
   Palta, JP
   Vega, SE
TI Solanum commersonii cytoplasm does not improve freezing tolerance in
   substitution backcross hybrids with frost-sensitive potato species
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE cold stress
ID COLD-ACCLIMATION CAPACITY; VARIABILITY; RESISTANCE; HARDINESS; HARDY
AB Solanum commersonii Dun. (cmm) is the most frost hardy wild potato species known, being able to tolerate an acute freezing episode to about -5 C and further acclimate to tolerate -10 C after being exposed to chilling temperatures for several days. Breeding with this species to incorporate its frost-hardiness traits can be accomplished by standard sexual hybridization or protoplast fusion. These methods can result in hybrids that vary in contribution of the cmm plastome. To test the effect of cmm cytoplasm, cytoplasmic substitution backcross hybrids were made with three very frost-sensitive species, S. brachistotrichum, S. cardiophyllum, and S. pinnatisectum, by using S. commersonii as the female to make an F, then performing repeated backcross (BC) using the sensitive species as males. Relative freezing tolerance (RFT) of all genotypes was assessed by measurement of ion leakage of excised terminal leaflets subjected to a controlled ice nucleation and simulated freeze-thaw stress. Even against the background of these very sensitive species' genomes, the cmm cytoplasm of substitution hybrids promoted insignificant improvement in frost hardiness or ability to acclimate. We conclude that either (1) cmm cytoplasm does not contribute to frost hardiness, or (2) if cmm cytoplasmic frost hardiness genes do exist, they must be epistatic to (depend on the presence of) nuclear hardiness genes for expression.
C1 USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Inter Reg Potato Introduct Stn, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Bamberg, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Inter Reg Potato Introduct Stn, 4312 Hwy 42, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA.
EM nr6jb@ars-grin.gov
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU POTATO ASSOC AMER
PI ORONO
PA UNIV MAINE, 5715 COBURN HALL, RM 6, ORONO, ME 04469-5715 USA
SN 1099-209X
J9 AM J POTATO RES
JI Am. J. Potato Res.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 82
IS 3
BP 251
EP 254
PG 4
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 937KN
UT WOS:000229923100009
ER

PT J
AU Root, JJ
   Hall, JS
   Mclean, RG
   Marlenee, NL
   Beaty, BJ
   Gansowski, J
   Clark, L
AF Root, JJ
   Hall, JS
   Mclean, RG
   Marlenee, NL
   Beaty, BJ
   Gansowski, J
   Clark, L
TI Serologic evidence of exposure of wild mammals to flaviviruses in the
   central and eastern United States
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; NEW-JERSEY; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION;
   MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; VECTOR COMPETENCE; DOMESTIC MAMMALS; BIRDS; OUTBREAK;
   TRANSMISSION
AB Serosurveys were conducted to obtain flavivirus and West Nile virus (WNV) seroprevalence data from mammals. Sera from 513 small- and medium-sized mammals collected during late summer and fall 2003 from Colorado, Louisiana, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania were screened for flavivirus-specific antibodies. Sera samples containing antibody to flaviviruses were screened for WNV-specific antibodies by epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and confirmed with plaque reduction neutralization tests. Prevalence of WNV antibodies among study sites ranged from 0% to 42.8% among the mammal communities sampled. High prevalence rates for WNV were noted among raccoons (100%, with a very small sample size, N = 2), Virginia opossums (50.0%), fox squirrels (49.1%), and eastern gray squirrels (48.3%). The high WNV antibody prevalence noted for tree squirrels, the peri-domestic tendencies of several of these species, and their ease of observation could make these species useful sentinels for monitoring WNV activity within urban communities.
C1 USDA APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Anthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   New York Wildlife Serv, USDA, Castleton, NY 12033 USA.
RP Clark, L (reprint author), USDA APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM jeff.root@aphis.usda.gov; jeffery.s.hall@aphis.usda.gov;
   robert.g.mclean@aphis.usda.gov; marlenee@colostate.edu;
   bbeaty@colstate.edu; justin.gansowski@aphis.usda.gov;
   larry.clark@aphis.usda.gov
OI Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [US3/CCU820510]; PHS HHS [03FED12031]
NR 37
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 5
BP 622
EP 630
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 924UX
UT WOS:000229007200023
PM 15891139
ER

PT J
AU Rossano, MG
   Schott, HC
   Kaneene, JB
   Murphy, AJ
   Kruttlin, EA
   Hines, MT
   Sellon, DC
   Patterson, JS
   Elsheikha, HM
   Dubey, JP
   Mansfield, LS
AF Rossano, MG
   Schott, HC
   Kaneene, JB
   Murphy, AJ
   Kruttlin, EA
   Hines, MT
   Sellon, DC
   Patterson, JS
   Elsheikha, HM
   Dubey, JP
   Mansfield, LS
TI Effect of daily administration of pyrantel tartrate in preventing
   infection in horses experimentally challenged with Sarcocystis neurona
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA;
   EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE;
   INTERMEDIATE HOST; ANTIBODIES; SEROPREVALENCE; SPOROCYSTS; SERUM
AB Objective-To determine whether daily administration of pyrantel tartrate can prevent infection in horses experimentally challenged with Sarcocystis neurona.
   Animals-24 mixed-breed specific-pathogen-free weanling horses, 10 adult horses, 1 opossum, and 6 mice.
   Procedure-Sarcocystis neurona-naive weanling horses were randomly allocated to 2 groups. Group A received pyrantel tartrate at the labeled dose, and group B received a nonmedicated pellet. Both groups were orally inoculated with 100 sporocysts/d for 28 days, 500 sporocysts/d for 28 days, and 1,000 sporocysts/d for 56 days. Blood samples were collected weekly, and CSF was collected monthly. Ten seronegative adult horses were monitored as untreated, uninfected control animals, All serum and CSF samples were tested by use of western blot tests to detect antibodies against S neurona. At the end of the study, the number of seropositive and CSF-positive horses in groups A and B were compared by use of the Fisher exact test. Time to seroconversion on the basis of treatment groups and sex of horses was compared in 2 univariable Cox proportional hazards models.
   Results-After 134 days of sporocyst inoculation, no significant differences were found between groups A and B for results of western blot tests of serum or CSF There were no significant differences in number of days to seroconversion on the basis of treatment groups or sex of horses. The control horses remained seronegative.
   Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Daily administration of pyrantel tartrate at the current labeled dose does not prevent S neurona infection in horses.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Med Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Diagnost Ctr Populat & Anim Hlth, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Kaneene, JB (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Populat Med Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
OI Mansfield, Linda S./0000-0002-7523-7577
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0002-9645
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 66
IS 5
BP 846
EP 852
DI 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.846
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 922CT
UT WOS:000228814200013
PM 15934612
ER

PT J
AU Green, AL
   Dargatz, DA
   Schmidtmann, ET
   Herrero, MV
   Seitzinger, AH
   Ostlund, EN
   Wagner, BA
   Moser, KM
   Wineland, NE
   Walton, TE
AF Green, AL
   Dargatz, DA
   Schmidtmann, ET
   Herrero, MV
   Seitzinger, AH
   Ostlund, EN
   Wagner, BA
   Moser, KM
   Wineland, NE
   Walton, TE
TI Risk factors associated with herd-level exposure of cattle in Nebraska,
   North Dakota, and South Dakota to bluetongue virus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CULICOIDES-VARIIPENNIS COMPLEX; GENETIC-VARIATION; UNITED-STATES;
   CERATOPOGONIDAE; DIPTERA; SONORENSIS; POPULATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
   TEMPERATURE
AB Objective-To evaluate herd-level risk factors for seropositive status of cattle to 1 or more bluetongue viruses.
   Animals-110 herds of cattle in Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota.
   Procedure-Blood samples were collected before and after the vector season. Samples were tested for antibodies against bluetongue virus by use of a commercially available competitive ELISA. Factors evaluated included descriptors of geographic location and management practices. Trapping of insect vectors was conducted to evaluate vector status on a subset of 57 operations. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate associations.
   Results-For the full data set, altitude and latitude were associated with risk of having seropositive cattle (an increase in altitude was associated with an increase in risk, and a more northerly location was associated with a decrease in risk of a premise having seropositive cattle). Import of cattle from selected states was associated with an increase in risk of having seropositive cattle. From the subset of herds with data on vector trapping, altitude and latitude were associated with risk of having seropositive cattle, similar to that for the full model. However, commingling with cattle from other herds was associated with a decrease in risk of seropositivity.
   Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Findings reported here may be useful in generating additional hypotheses regarding the ecologic characteristics of bluetongue viruses and other vector-borne diseases of livestock. Sentinel surveillance programs are useful for documenting regionalization zones for diseases, which can be beneficial when securing international markets for animals and animal products.
C1 Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, APHIS, VS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
   USDA ARS, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
   USDA ARS, APHIS, VS, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RP Green, AL (reprint author), Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, APHIS, VS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B,Mail Stop 2E7, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0002-9645
J9 AM J VET RES
JI Am. J. Vet. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 66
IS 5
BP 853
EP 860
DI 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.853
PG 8
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 922CT
UT WOS:000228814200014
PM 15934613
ER

PT J
AU Bunce, JA
AF Bunce, JA
TI Response of respiration of soybean leaves grown at ambient and elevated
   carbon dioxide concentrations to day-to-day variation in light and
   temperature under field conditions
SO ANNALS OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Glycine max Merrill.; carbon dioxide; respiration; temperature;
   acclimation
ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION; LEAF RESPIRATION; DARK RESPIRATION;
   NIGHTTIME RESPIRATION; CARBOHYDRATE EXPORT; ASSIMILATE EXPORT;
   QUERCUS-RUBRA; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ENRICHMENT; ACCLIMATION
AB Background and Aims Respiration is an important component of plant carbon balance, but it remains uncertain how respiration will respond to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and there are few measurements of respiration for crop plants grown at elevated [CO2] under field conditions. The hypothesis that respiration of leaves of soybeans grown at elevated [CO2] is increased is tested; and the effects of photosynthesis and acclimation to temperature examined.
   Methods Net rates of carbon dioxide exchange were recorded every 10 min, 24 h per day for mature upper canopy leaves of soybeans grown in field plots at the current ambient [CO2] and at ambient plus 350 &mu; mol mol(-1) [CO2] in open top chambers. Measurements were made on pairs of leaves from both [CO2] treatments on a total of 16 d during the middle of the growing seasons of two years.
   Key Results Elevated [CO2] increased daytime net carbon dioxide fixation rates per unit of leaf area by an average of 48 %, but had no effect on night-time respiration expressed per unit of area, which averaged 53 mmol m(-2) d(-1) (1(.)4 &mu; mol m(-2) s(-1)) for both the ambient and elevated [CO2] treatments. Leaf dry mass per unit of area was increased on average by 23 % by elevated [CO2], and respiration per unit of mass was significantly lower at elevated [CO2]. Respiration increased by a factor of 2(.)5 between 18 and 26 &DEG; C average night temperature, for both [CO2] treatments.
   Conclusions These results do not support predictions that elevated [CO2] would increase respiration per unit of area by increasing photosynthesis or by increasing leaf mass per unit of area, nor the idea that acclimation of respiration to temperature would be rapid enough to make dark respiration insensitive to variation in temperature between nights.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM buncej@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 22
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-7364
J9 ANN BOT-LONDON
JI Ann. Bot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 6
BP 1059
EP 1066
DI 10.1093/aob/mci117
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 926ID
UT WOS:000229116000018
PM 15781437
ER

PT J
AU Kovarik, PW
   Reitz, SR
AF Kovarik, PW
   Reitz, SR
TI Oestrophasia (Cenosoma) sabroskyi (Diptera : Tachinidae), a parasitoid
   of Artipus floridanus (Coleoptera : Curculionidae): Taxonomy and
   bionomics
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Oestrophasia (Cenosoma) sabroskyi; Tachinidae; parasitoid; citrus root
   weevil
AB Oestrophasia (Cenosoma) sabroskyi (Guimaraes) (Diptera: Tachinidae) is recorded as a parasitoid of adults of Artipus floridanus Horn (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). This report is the first host record for O. sabroskyi, The adult male and the immature stages are described and the adult female is redescribed.
C1 USDA ARS, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA.
RP Kovarik, PW (reprint author), 239 Crestview Rd, Columbus, OH 43202 USA.
EM sreitz@saa.ars.usda.gov
RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 98
IS 3
BP 245
EP 251
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0245:OCSDTA]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 924FD
UT WOS:000228963400001
ER

PT J
AU Ovruski, SM
   Norrbom, AL
   Schliserman, P
   Aluja, M
AF Ovruski, SM
   Norrbom, AL
   Schliserman, P
   Aluja, M
TI Biology and taxonomy of Rhagoletotrypeta (Diptera : Tephritidae): A new
   species from Cuba and new host plant, parasitoid, and distribution
   records from northwestern Argentina
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Rhagoletotqjpeta cubensis n. sp.; Tephritidae; Celtis; taxonomy; host
   plants
ID FRUIT-FLIES DIPTERA; FLY; HYMENOPTERA; DIAPAUSE
AB Rhagoletotrypeta argentinensis (Aczel) was recovered from Celtis iguanaea (Jacquin) Sargent, and R. parallela Norrbom and R. pastranai Aczel from Celtis pubescens (Kunth) Sprengel fruit (Ulmaceae) in the provinces of Catamarca, Tucuman, and Salta (northwestern Argentina). All represent new host plant records, and for R. parallela, the first host plant record. Mean pupal weight of flies from C. pubescens (mean fruit weight 1.2 g) was 5.2 &PLUSMN; 2.3 mg and of flies from C. iguanaea (mean fruit weight 1.8 g) was 7.8 &PLUSMN; 1.3. Mean degree of infestation (number of larvae/100 g of fruit) was 29.6 for C. iguanaea and varied between 18.7 and 50.5 for C. pubescens. Most adults emerged after an 8-12-mo diapause period. Sixteen specimens of the larval-prepupal parasitoid Utetes sp., near U. anastraphae (Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Opiinae) were recovered from all fruit samples (overall parasitization rate was 37.2%). Parasitoids entered diapause that lasted up to 12 mo. We also describe a new species of Rhagoletotrypeta from Cuba belonging to the xanthogastra species group. Rhagoletotrypeta cubensis Norrbom, n. sp., is the only species in this genus known from the West Indies. The distribution records reported here also extend the known ranges for all four species of Rhagoletotrypeta known from Argentina. We discuss our findings in light of their taxonomic and ecological significance and with respect to the possibilities they open for the badly needed study of the zoogeography and behavior of flies in tephritid genera of no apparent economic importance.
C1 Planta Piloto Proc Ind Microbiol & Biotecnol, Div Control Biol Plagas, San Miguel De Tucuman T4001MVB, Argentina.
   Inst Ecol, Unidad Entomol Aplicada, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.
   USDA ARS, PSI, Syst Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Ovruski, SM (reprint author), Planta Piloto Proc Ind Microbiol & Biotecnol, Div Control Biol Plagas, Av Belgrano & Pasaje Caseros, San Miguel De Tucuman T4001MVB, Argentina.
EM ovruskisergio@yahoo.com.ar
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 98
IS 3
BP 252
EP 258
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0252:BATORD]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 924FD
UT WOS:000228963400002
ER

PT J
AU Setamou, M
   Jones, WA
AF Setamou, M
   Jones, WA
TI Biology and biometry of sharpshooter Homalodisca coagulata (Homoptera :
   Cicadellidae) reared on cowpea
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Homalodisca coagulata; sharpshooter; developmental biology; life table
   parameters; biometric data
ID XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; HOST PLANTS; LEAFHOPPER; HEMIPTERA; INSECTS; FLUID;
   CALIFORNIA; NUTRIENTS; PATHOGEN; VECTORS
AB Stage-specific survival, growth, developmental biology, and biometry of the sharpshooter Homalodisca coagulata (Say) were studied in the laboratory under controlled conditions of 27 &PLUSMN; 1&DEG; C, 65 &PLUSMN; 5 RH, and a pbotoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Nymphs and adults were individually reared on excised cowpea, Vigna ungiculata L. Walp., plants maintained in floral aquapics containing a hydroponic solution. Embryonic development of eggs was completed in 7.1 &PLUSMN; 0.8 d with 92.6% of the incubated eggs hatching. Nymphs molted five times, and the nymphal period of 61 &PLUSMN; 2.9 d for females was 1.2-fold significantly longer than that of males. The second nymphal stage was the shortest for both sexes (6.1 &PLUSMN; 0.5 d for females and 5.8 &PLUSMN; 0.8 d for males), whereas the last instar was the longest for females only. Stage-specific mortality was similar between instars; &AP; 36% of the nymphs molted to adults. H. coagulata adult sex ratio was not significantly different from a 1:1 ratio. Adult females lived 52 &PLUSMN; 11 d, and females deposited an average of 194 &PLUSMN; 35 eggs each. Analysis of life table statistics indicated that populations of H. coagulata increased at a rate of 1.045 per day and doubled within 15.6 d. The different H. coagulata growth stages were well described by body length, head capsule width, and hind tibia length; however, analysis of frequency distribution showed that bead capsule width was the most suitable parameter for distinguishing the immature developmental stages of H. coagulata.
C1 USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
RP Setamou, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
EM msetamou@weslaco.ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 3
PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 98
IS 3
BP 322
EP 328
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0322:BABOSH]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 924FD
UT WOS:000228963400010
ER

PT J
AU Benavides, P
   Vega, FE
   Romero-Severson, J
   Bustillo, AE
   Stuart, JJ
AF Benavides, P
   Vega, FE
   Romero-Severson, J
   Bustillo, AE
   Stuart, JJ
TI Biodiversity and biogeography of an important inbred pest of coffee,
   coffee berry borer (Coleoptera : Curculionidae : Scolytinae)
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE amplified fragment length polymorphism; DNA fingerprinting;
   pseudo-arrhenotoky; invasive species; Broca
ID HYPOTHENEMUS-HAMPEI COLEOPTERA; RESISTANCE; EXTINCTION
AB Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting was used to examine the genetic variability and biogeography of the most important insect pest of coffee, Coffea arabica L., the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari). H. hampei samples (n = 101) from 17 countries on three continents were examined. Only 26 unique fingerprints (haplotypes) were discovered among all samples. Genetic variability was extremely low (10% average polymorphism per sample), but genetic differentiation was high (&UPhi;(ST) = 0.464). The distribution of the fingerprints and their genetic relatedness to each other suggested that a West African source population invaded both Asia and America. Three distinct lines entered the Americas through either separate introductions or a single introduction of multiple lines. At least two were first introduced to Brazil and subsequently dispersed throughout the Americas. The third was discovered only in Peru and Colombia. Observations were consistent with the high rate of inbreeding suspected of this pest. With such high inbreeding, undesirable mutations, such as those conferring insecticide resistance, might rapidly become homozygous in H. hampei. However, the low genetic variability observed also suggests that this pest may lack the genetic variability necessary to respond to an intensive control strategy.
C1 Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   USDA ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   Ctr Nacl Invest Cafe, Manizales AA 2427, Colombia.
RP Benavides, P (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RI Romero-Severson, Jeanne/B-5259-2011; 
OI Romero-Severson, Jeanne/0000-0003-4112-7238; Vega, Fernando
   E./0000-0001-8103-5640
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 16
PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 98
IS 3
BP 359
EP 366
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0359:BABOAI]2.0.CO;2
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 924FD
UT WOS:000228963400016
ER

PT J
AU Gunther, NW
   Nunez, A
   Fett, W
   Solaiman, DKY
AF Gunther, NW
   Nunez, A
   Fett, W
   Solaiman, DKY
TI Production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas chlororaphis, a nonpathogenic
   bacterium
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AERUGINOSA STRAIN 57RP; BURKHOLDERIA-PSEUDOMALLEI; BIOSURFACTANT
   PRODUCTION; MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; CONTINUOUS CULTURE; CARBON SOURCE;
   BIOSYNTHESIS; VIRULENCE; PUTIDA; POLYSACCHARIDE
AB Rhamnolipids, naturally occurring biosurfactants constructed of rhamnose sugar molecules and &beta;-hydroxyalkanoic acids, have a wide range of potential commercial applications. In the course of a survey of 33 different bacterial isolates, we have identified, using a phenotypic assay for rhamnolipid production, a strain of the nonpathogenic bacterial species Pseudomonas chlororaphis that is capable of producing rhamnolipids. Rhamnolipid production by P. chlororaphis was achieved by growth at room temperature in static cultures of a mineral salts medium containing 2% glucose. We obtained yields of roughly 1 g/liter of rhamnolipids, an amount comparable to the production levels reported in Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown with glucose as the carbon source. The rhamnolipids produced by P. chlororaphis appear to be exclusively the mono-rhamnolipid form. The most prevalent molecular species had one monounsaturated hydroxy fatty acid of 12 carbons and one saturated hydroxy fatty acid of 10 carbons. P. chlororaphis, a nonpathogenic saprophyte of the soil, is currently employed as a biocontrol agent against certain types of plant fungal diseases. The pathogenic nature of all bacteria previously known to produce rhamnolipids has been a major obstacle to commercial production of rhamnolipids. The use of P. chlororaphis therefore greatly simplifies this matter by removing the need for containment systems and stringent separation processes in the production of rhamnolipids.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Gunther, NW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM ngunther@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 30
TC 84
Z9 86
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2288
EP 2293
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2288-2293.2005
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300013
PM 15870313
ER

PT J
AU Cohen, R
   Suzuki, MR
   Hammel, KE
AF Cohen, R
   Suzuki, MR
   Hammel, KE
TI Processive endoglucanase active in crystalline cellulose hydrolysis by
   the brown rot basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNGUS CONIOPHORA-PUTEANA; NATIVE CELLULOSE; LENZITES-TRABEA; WHITE-ROT;
   PURIFICATION; QUANTITATION; DEGRADATION; CELLULASES; BINDING; ENZYME
AB Brown rot basidiomycetes have long been thought to lack the processive cellulases that release soluble sugars from crystalline cellulose. On the other hand, these fungi remove all of the cellulose, both crystalline and amorphous, from wood when they degrade it. To resolve this discrepancy, we grew Gloeophyllum trabeum on microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) and purified the major glycosylhydrolases it produced. The most abundant extracellular enzymes in these cultures were a 42-kDa endoglucanase (Cel5A), a 39-kDa xylanase (Xyn10A), and a 28-kDa endoglucanase (CeI12A). Cel5A had significant Avicelase activity-4.5 nmol glucose equivalents released/min/mg protein. It is a processive endoglucanase, because it hydrolyzed Avicel to cellobiose as the major product while introducing only a small proportion of reducing sugars into the remaining, insoluble substrate. Therefore, since G. trabeum is already known to produce a beta-glucosidase, it is now clear that this brown rot fungus produces enzymes capable of yielding assimilable glucose from crystalline cellulose.
C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Inst Microbial & Biochem Technol, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Hammel, KE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Inst Microbial & Biochem Technol, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM kehammel@wisc.edu
RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011
OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847
NR 37
TC 67
Z9 74
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2412
EP 2417
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2412-2417.2005
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300028
PM 15870328
ER

PT J
AU Gibbs, DS
   Anderson, GL
   Beuchat, LR
   Carta, LK
   Williams, PL
AF Gibbs, DS
   Anderson, GL
   Beuchat, LR
   Carta, LK
   Williams, PL
TI Potential role of Diploscapter sp strain LKC25, a bacterivorous nematode
   from soil, as a vector of food-borne pathogenic bacteria to preharvest
   fruits and vegetables
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; GROWTH
AB Diploscapter, a thermotolerant, free-living soil bacterial-feeding nematode commonly found in compost, sewage, and agricultural soil in the United States, was studied to determine its potential role as a vehicle of Salmonella enterica serotype Poona, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes in contaminating preharvest fruits and vegetables. The ability of Diploscapter sp. strain LKC25 to survive on agar media, in cow manure, and in composted turkey manure and to be attracted to, ingest, and disperse food-borne pathogens inoculated into soil or a mixture of soil and composted turkey manure was investigated. Diploscapter sp. strain LKC25 survived and reproduced in lawns of S. enterica serotype Poona, E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes on agar media and in cow manure and composted turkey manure. Attraction of Diploscapter sp. strain LKC25 to colonies of pathogenic bacteria on tryptic soy agar within 10, 20, 30, and 60 min and 24 h was determined. At least 85% of the worms initially placed 0.5 to 1 cm away from bacterial colonies migrated to the colonies within 1 h. Within 24 h, >= 90% of the worms were embedded in colonies. The potential of Diploscapter sp. strain LKC25 to shed pathogenic bacteria after exposure to bacteria inoculated into soil or a mixture of soil and composted turkey manure was investigated. Results indicate that Diploscapter sp. strain LKC25 can shed pathogenic bacteria after exposure to pathogens in these milieus. They also demonstrate its potential to serve as a vector of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in soil, with or without amendment with compost, to the surface of preharvest fruits and vegetables in contact with soil.
C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Williams, PL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Environm Hlth Sci Bldg,Rm 204, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM pwilliam@uga.edu
NR 16
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2433
EP 2437
DI 10.1128/AEM.7.1.5.2433-2437.2005
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300030
PM 15870330
ER

PT J
AU Higgins, JA
   Belt, KT
   Karns, JS
   Russell-Anelli, J
   Shelton, DR
AF Higgins, JA
   Belt, KT
   Karns, JS
   Russell-Anelli, J
   Shelton, DR
TI tir- and stx-positive Escherichia coli in stream waters in a
   metropolitan area
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HOST-CELLS; INTIMIN; O157-H7; CONTAMINATION; SEQUENCES; PCR; DNA
AB Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, which may include the enteropathogenic E. coli and the enterohemorrhagic E. coli, are a significant cause of diarrheal disease among infants and children in both developing and developed areas. Disease outbreaks related to freshwater exposure have been documented, but the presence of these organisms in the urban aquatic environment is not well characterized. From April 2002 through April 2004 we conducted weekly surveys of streams in the metropolitan Baltimore, Md., area for the prevalence of potentially pathogenic E. coli by using PCR assays targeting the tir and stx(1) and stx(2) genes. Coliforms testing positive for the presence of the tir gene were cultured from 653 of 1,218 samples (53%), with a greater prevalence associated with urban, polluted streams than in suburban and forested watershed streams. Polluted urban streams were also more likely to test positive for the presence of one of the stx genes. Sequence analysis of the tir amplicon, as well as the entire fir gene from three isolates, indicated that the pathogenic E. coli present in the stream waters has a high degree of sequence homology with the E. coli O157:H7 serotype. Our data indicate that pathogenic E. coli are continually deposited into a variety of stream habitats and suggest that this organism may be a permanent member of the gastrointestinal microflora of humans and animals in the metropolitan Baltimore area.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Univ Maryland, USDA, NE Forest Serv, Baltimore, MD USA.
   Cornell Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Ithaca, NY USA.
RP Higgins, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bldg 173,10300 Baltimore Blvd, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM jhiggins@anri.barc.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2511
EP 2519
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2511-2519.2005
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300041
PM 15870341
ER

PT J
AU Brandl, MT
   Miller, WG
   Bates, AH
   Mandrell, RE
AF Brandl, MT
   Miller, WG
   Bates, AH
   Mandrell, RE
TI Production of autoinducer 2 in Salmonella enterica Serovar Thompson
   contributes to its fitness in chickens but not on Cilantro leaf surfaces
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENT PROTEIN GFP; BIOFILM FORMATION; INSERTION MUTAGENESIS;
   ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LUXS; EXPRESSION; COLONIZATION; TYPHIMURIUM;
   DERIVATIVES; METABOLISM
AB Food-borne illness caused by Salmonella enterica has been linked traditionally to poultry products but is associated increasingly with fresh fruits and vegetables. We have investigated the role of the production of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) in the ability of S. enterica serovar Thompson to colonize the chicken intestine and the cilantro phyllosphere. A mutant of S. enterica serovar Thompson that is defective in AI-2 production was constructed by insertional mutagenesis of luxS. The population size of the S. enterica serovar Thompson parental strain was significantly higher than that of its LuxS(-) mutant in the intestine, spleen, and droppings of chicks 12 days after their oral inoculation with the strains in a ratio of 1:1. In contrast, no significant difference in the population dynamics of the parental and LuxS- strain was observed after their inoculation singly or in mixtures onto cilantro plants. Digital image analysis revealed that 54% of S. enterica serovar Thompson cells were present in large aggregates on cilantro leaves but that the frequency distributions of the size of aggregates formed by the parental strain and the LuxS(-) mutant were not significantly different. Carbon utilization profiles indicated that the AI-2-producing strain utilized a variety of amino and organic acids more efficiently than its LuxS(-) mutant but that most sugars were utilized similarly in both strains. Thus, inherent differences in the nutrients available to S. enterica in the phyllosphere and in the chicken intestine may underlie the differential contribution of AI-2 synthesis to the fitness of S. enterica in these environments.
C1 USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Brandl, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM mbrandl@pw.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2653
EP 2662
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2653-2662.2005
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300057
PM 15870357
ER

PT J
AU Niemira, BA
   Solomon, EB
AF Niemira, BA
   Solomon, EB
TI Sensitivity of planktonic and biofilm-associated Salmonella spp. to
   ionizing radiation
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; GAMMA-IRRADIATION;
   RESISTANCE; SURFACE; HYPOCHLORITE; DISINFECTION; INACTIVATION;
   TYPHIMURIUM; PENETRATION
AB Salmonella enterica forms biofilms that are relatively resistant to chemical sanitizing treatments. Ionizing radiation has been used to inactivate Salmonella on a variety of foods and contact surfaces, but the relative efficacy of the process against biofilm-associated cells versus free-living planktonic cells is not well documented. The radiation sensitivity of planktonic or biofilm-associated cells was determined for three food-borne-illness-associated isolates of Salmonella. Biofilms were formed on sterile glass slides in a coincubation apparatus, using inoculated tryptic soy broth, incubated at 37&DEG; C for 48 h. Resulting biofilms were 18 to 24 &mu; m in height as determined by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The planktonic and biofilm cultures were gamma irradiated to doses of 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kGy. The D-10 value (the dose of radiation required to reduce a population by 1 log(10), or 90%) was calculated for each isolate-culture based on surviving populations at each radiation dose. The D-10 values of S. enterica serovar Anatum were not significantly (P &LT; 0.05) different for biofilm-associated (0.645 kGy) and planktonic (0.677 kGy) cells. In contrast, the biofilm-associated cells of S. enterica serovar Stanley were significantly more sensitive to ionizing radiation than the respective planktonic cells, with D-10 values of 0.531 and 0.591 kGy, respectively. D-10 values of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis were similarly reduced for biofilm-associated (0.436 kGy) versus planktonic (0.535 kGy) cells. The antimicrobial efficacy of ionizing radiation is therefore preserved or enhanced in treatment of biofilm-associated bacteria.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM bniemira@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 27
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 5
BP 2732
EP 2736
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2732-2736.2005
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 926EH
UT WOS:000229105300065
PM 15870365
ER

PT J
AU Kimball, BA
   Nolte, DL
AF Kimball, BA
   Nolte, DL
TI Herbivore experience with plant defense compounds influences acquisition
   of new flavor aversions
SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE diet selection; flavor aversion learning (FAL); plant secondary
   metabolites; tannins; terpenes
ID FOOD PREFERENCES; ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; MAMMALIAN HERBIVORES;
   SELECTIVE HERBIVORY; CONDENSED TANNIN; BROWSING MAMMALS; SNOWSHOE HARE;
   WOODY-PLANTS; INGESTION; LAMBS
AB Multiple experiments were conducted with a mammalian herbivore to determine how experience with plant secondary metabolites (terpenes and tannins) influenced acquisition of new aversions to diets containing these same plant metabolites. Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) were employed as behavioral models for this study. Twenty-four subjects were assigned to three treatment groups that received 20 days of experience with test diets: (A) terpene diet only; (B) tannin diet only; and (C) terpene and tannin diets offered singly on alternate days. In experiment 1, all subjects were offered both diets in a two-choice test to determine if experience affected diet preference. Both treatments A and B demonstrated significant preferences for the terpene diet, while treatment C subjects did not exhibit a diet preference.
   Both diets were offered to all subjects and immediately followed with a 150 mg/kg dose of lithium chloride (LiCl) in experiment 2. A two-choice preference test was conducted to determine if lithium-induced toxicosis would be associated with the least familiar diet. As in experiment 1, treatments A and B preferred terpene diet while treatment C did not demonstrate a preference. Lithium chloride exposure was specifically paired with one of the test diets in experiment 3. A two-choice preference test demonstrated that treatments A, B, and C acquired aversions to tannin diet when it was paired with LiCl administration. However, terpene-paired LiCl administration did not produce an aversion to the terpene diet in treatments A and B. Treatment C preferred tannin diet when the terpene diet was paired with LiCl.
   A novel flavor was added to the choice of diets in experiment 4. All subjects were offered citric acid (CA), terpene, and tannin-containing diets and immediately dosed with LiCl. Subjects that acquired aversions to the tannin diet in experiment 3 continued to avoid tannin diet in experiment 4 and preferred terpene diet while eating significant quantities of the novel CA diet. Only treatment C subjects with previous terpene-paired LiCl exposures demonstrated aversions to the CA diet. These results have implications for the conduct of flavor aversion studies and the application of flavor aversion learning (FAL). Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA APHIS WS NWRC, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   USDA APHIS WS NWRC, Olympia, WA 98512 USA.
RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS NWRC, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM bruce.a.kimball@aphis.usda.gov
NR 47
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1591
J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI
JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 91
IS 1-2
BP 17
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2004.10.001
PG 18
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary
   Sciences
SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences
GA 917ZO
UT WOS:000228508100002
ER

PT J
AU Mosier, NS
   Hendrickson, R
   Brewer, M
   Ho, N
   Sedlak, M
   Dreshel, R
   Welch, G
   Dien, BS
   Aden, A
   Ladisch, MR
AF Mosier, NS
   Hendrickson, R
   Brewer, M
   Ho, N
   Sedlak, M
   Dreshel, R
   Welch, G
   Dien, BS
   Aden, A
   Ladisch, MR
TI Industrial scale-up of pH-controlled liquid hot water pretreatment of
   corn fiber for fuel ethanol production
SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE corn fiber; cellulose; ethanol; stillage; degradation products;
   pretreatment
ID PRESSURE COOKING; FERMENTATION; BIOMASS; DEGRADATION; INHIBITORS;
   SAWDUST; GLUCOSE; XYLOSE
AB The Pretreatment of cellulose in corn fiber by liquid hot water at 160 degrees C and a pH above 4.0 dissolved 50% of the fiber in 20 min. The pretreatment also enabled the subsequent complete enzymatic hydrolysis of the remaining polysaccharides to monosaccharides. The carbohydrates dissolved by the pretreatment were 80% soluble oligosaccharides and 20% monosaccharides with < 1% of the carbohydrates lost to degradation products. Only a minimal amount of protein was dissolved, thus enriching the protein content of the undissolved material. Replication of laboratory results in an industrial trial at 43 gallons per minute (163 L/min) of fiber slurry with a residence time of 20 min illustrates the utility and practicality of this approach for pretreating corn fiber. The added costs owing to pretreatment, fiber, and hydrolysis are equivalent to less than $0.84/gal of ethanol produced from the fiber. Minimizing monosaccharide formation during pretreatment minimized the formation of degradation products; hence, the resulting sugars were readily fermentable to ethanol by the recombinant hexose and by pentose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A(LNH-ST) and ethanologenic Escherichia coli at yields > 90% of theoretical based on the starting fiber. This cooperative effort and first successful trial opens the door for examining the robustness of the pretreatment system under extended run conditions as well as pretreatment of other cellulose-containing materials using water at controlled pH.
C1 Purdue Univ, Renewable Resources Engn Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   Aventine Renewable Energy Inc, Pekin, IL 61554 USA.
   USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Ladisch, MR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Renewable Resources Engn Lab, 500 Cent Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM ladisch@purdue.edu
OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664
NR 29
TC 93
Z9 97
U1 4
U2 32
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA
SN 0273-2289
J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH
JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 125
IS 2
BP 77
EP 97
DI 10.1385/ABAB:125:2:077
PG 21
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 933RG
UT WOS:000229650000001
PM 15858233
ER

PT J
AU Zhu, H
   Derksen, RC
   Krause, CR
   Fox, RD
   Brazee, RD
   Ozkan, HE
AF Zhu, H
   Derksen, RC
   Krause, CR
   Fox, RD
   Brazee, RD
   Ozkan, HE
TI Effect of solution pH conditions on fluorescence of spray deposition
   tracers
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE dye; pesticide; spray drift
ID CANOPY; PENETRATION; DYES
AB Stable analysis of fluorescence is essential to ensure accurate evaluation of pesticide spray application efficiency when fluorescent tracers are used to quantify deposition and drift. The fluorescent intensity of five fluorescent tracers commonly used for the quantitative assessment of spray deposition and off-target loss was investigated with wash solutions over pH conditions from 6.86 to 10.4. The tracers selected in the tests were Acid Yellow 7, Eosin, Fluorescein, Pyranine, and Tinopal. The fluorescence of Pyranine was the most sensitive to the solution pH conditions, followed by Fluorescein and Tinopal. Acid Yellow 7 and Eosin had a nearly constant fluorescent intensity over the pH range from 6.86 to 10.40. The fluorescent strength of Fluorescein increased 1.3 times, Tinopal 1.25 times, and Pyranine 3.0 times as the pH value increased from 6.86 to 8.43, but it became nearly constant when pH value was greater than 8.43. However, Pyranine, Fluorescein, and Tinopal showed much stronger fluorescence than Acid Yellow 7 and Eosin with the same concentrations. A solution containing Fluorescein at pH 8.43 and higher demonstrated 124 times greater fluorescent intensity than the solution containing the same amount of Acid Yellow 7. The fluorescent strength should be examined not only with purified distilled water but also under various wash solution pH conditions during the selection of tracers for pesticide spray deposition and drift trials.
C1 USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Zhu, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Ag Eng Bldg,OARDC,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM zhu.16@osu.edu
NR 17
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 325
EP 329
PG 5
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000003
ER

PT J
AU Raper, RL
   Schwab, EB
   Balkcom, KS
   Burmester, CH
   Reeves, DW
AF Raper, RL
   Schwab, EB
   Balkcom, KS
   Burmester, CH
   Reeves, DW
TI Effect of annual, biennial, and triennial in-row subsoiling on soil
   compaction and cotton yield in Southeastern US silt loam soils
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-Engineers
CY AUG 01-04, 2004
CL Ottawa, CANADA
SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers
DE soil compaction; subsoiling; bulk density; cotton yield; cone index;
   draft force
ID COASTAL-PLAIN; TILLAGE; CORN; STRENGTH
AB For those soils that require deep tillage to alleviate soil compaction, subsoiling can be an expensive and time-consuming tillage event. Alternative tillage methods are needed which conserve natural resources without sacrificing cotton yields. An experiment was conducted in the Tennessee Valley region of north Alabama to determine how frequently deep tillage is needed to alleviate soil compaction problems in these soils. Three different subsoilers (an in-row subsoiler and two bentleg subsoilers) were tested against a no-till treatment to determine if differences in crop productivity or soil condition could be detected. Annual subsoiling resulted in reduced bulk density compared to biennial subsoiling, triennial subsoiling, or no subsoiling. Reductions in draft force were also found for annual subsoiling. However cotton yield results over a two-year period from tillage three-years previous, two-years previous, and one year previous found no differences.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA.
   Tennessee Valley Res & Extens Ctr, Belle Mina, AL USA.
   USDA ARS, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA.
RP Raper, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA.
EM rlraper@ars.usda.gov
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 337
EP 343
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000005
ER

PT J
AU Jabro, JD
   Leib, BG
   Jabro, AD
AF Jabro, JD
   Leib, BG
   Jabro, AD
TI Estimating soil water content using site-specific calibration of
   capacitance measurements from sentek EnviroSCAN systems
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE soil; sensor water content; capacitance; irrigation; calibration
AB Newly developed sensors, including the EnviroSCAN capacitance system have the potential to monitor and estimate soil moisture content continuously at various depths. A simple site calibration of the sensors is required to obtain accurate soil water content because these sensors are shipped with a default (uncalibrated) equation to the user Therefore, our research objectives were: 1) to calibrate the EnviroSCAN capacitance system versus soil moisture values estimated by a neutron probe calibrated with gravimetrically measured water contents, then 2) statistically compare the calibrated soil water content results with those estimated by the uncalibrated equation using three years of field data. Both the EnviroSCAN capacitance and the neutron probe were installed in a Warden silt loam soil planted to alfalfa. The average water contents of the soil profile estimated by the EnviroSCAN capacitance was used to develop a site specific calibration equation by comparing the sensors' scaled frequencies for 1998 with the soil water content of the neutron probe. The site calibration equation was then statistically validated using both 1999 and 2000 soil water contents. The statistical analyses indicated that discrepancies existed between soil water contents of the site calibration equation and those estimated by the uncalibrated equation. For instance, the RRMSE values of soil water content produced from the calibrated equation were 7%, 41%, and 40%, compared with uncalibrated RRMSE values of 68%, 59%, and 66%, for 1998, 1999, and 2000, respectively. These results support that the site calibration equation was found to give more accurate estimates of individual values (low RRMSE) of volumetric soil water content compared to those obtained from the uncalibrated equation.
C1 USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
   Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
   Robert Morris Univ, Moon Township, PA USA.
RP Jabro, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
EM jjabro@sidney.ars.usda.gov
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 393
EP 399
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000010
ER

PT J
AU Payero, JO
   Neale, CMU
   Wright, JL
AF Payero, JO
   Neale, CMU
   Wright, JL
TI Estimating soil heat flux for alfalfa and clipped tall fescue grass
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE tall fescue grass; alfalfa; soil heat flux; energy balance;
   evapotranspiration (ET)
ID ENERGY-BALANCE; CANOPY TEMPERATURE; NET-RADIATION; SURFACE;
   EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; MODEL; EVAPORATION; CROP
AB Soil heat flux (G) is an important component of evapotranspiration (ET) modeling, especially for estimating ET values for hourly or shorter periods. In this study, meteorological and agronomic measurements were made at Kimberly, Idaho, with the purpose of establishing empirical relationships to estimate G for alfalfa and clipped tall fescue grass. For both plant surfaces, good linear correlation was found for most days between the averages of the 20-min net radiation (R-n) and G values for a given day. However, when the soil surface was wet, after rain or irrigation, the relationship was subject to hysteresis problems. The linear relationship between G and R-n for alfalfa also changed with plant canopy height (h), and an equation was derived to estimate G from R-n and h (r(2) = 0.88). This equation fitted measured G data much better than two other commonly used models (Allen et al., 1996; Clothier et al., 1986). For tall fescue grass, h did not affect the relationship between R-n and G, as the grass was clipped weekly resulting in a narrow range of h (0.09 to 0.19 m). A linear equation to estimate G as a function of R-n (r(2) = 0.91) was derived for clipped tall fescue grass, which was found to fit measured data equally well as the model proposed by Allen et al. (1998), but that uses a single equation for both daytime and nighttime instead of two separate equations.
C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   USDA ARS, Kimberly, ID USA.
RP Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM jpayero2@unl.edu
RI Payero, Jose/A-7916-2011; Neale, Christopher/G-3860-2012; Neale,
   Christopher/P-3676-2015
OI Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Neale,
   Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
EI 1943-7838
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 401
EP 409
PG 9
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000011
ER

PT J
AU Baker, KD
AF Baker, KD
TI Temporal assessment of nutrient contributions to waterways from feedlots
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-Engineers
CY JUL 09-12, 2000
CL MILWAUKEE, WI
SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers
DE water quality; animal waste; feedlot management; computer modeling;
   runoff
AB Equations were developed to compute nutrient contributions on a daily basis to waterways from feedlots with stocking rates equivalent to up to 250 steers/ha (100 steers/acre), such as is common in the midwestern United States. The algorithm set uses recorded weather data (daily values) and other input values and computes mass and concentration of selected nutrients in runoff, considering spatial and temporal aspects. Methodology to divide a large feedlot which contains more than one drainage outlet was determined, so that the described algorithms may be used for any size feedlot. Equations from USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service were adapted to determine curve numbers for frozen soil, or soil of any moisture, as well as to determine runoff from rainfall and snowmelt events. Equations from ASAE were adapted to determine manure production from temporally changing animal loads on the feedlot and to compute temporal changes in the manure pack on the feedlot. Equations from USDA, Agricultural Research Service were adapted to determine nutrient concentrations in runoff for each runoff event. Equations were developed to incorporate mechanical removal of waste from a feedlot, as well as to include decomposition of nutrients on the feedlot. Previously derived equations were revised to determine nutrient reduction in feedlot buffer regions and due to dilution from mixing stream flows. The algorithms described in this study were verified for mathematical stability and accuracy in a spreadsheet program.
C1 USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM USA.
RP Baker, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, POB 578, Mesilla Pk, NM USA.
EM kevibake@nmsu.edu
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 517
EP 528
PG 12
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000024
ER

PT J
AU Thomson, SJ
   Zimba, PV
   Bryson, CT
   Alarcon-Calderon, VJ
AF Thomson, SJ
   Zimba, PV
   Bryson, CT
   Alarcon-Calderon, VJ
TI Potential for remote sensing from agricultural aircraft using digital
   video
SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE weed detection; image classification; agricultural aircraft;
   toxin-producing algae
ID TEXAS
AB Afield imaging system using low-cost digital video was evaluated for use on agricultural aircraft. The system uses a digital video (DV) camera, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Video Mapping System (VMS)for image georeferencing. Remote control and monitoring was implemented to allow the pilot to image specific field areas of interest, facilitating image acquisition and post-processing. Two practical applications are described to exemplify the use of digital video in agricultural aircraft. Broadleaf weeds were distinguished from cotton, and chlorophyll a (chl a) concentration was regressed against digital numbers obtained from images of catfish ponds. For the weed detection study, a mixture of spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata L.) and hyssop spurge (Euphorbia hyssopifolia L.) were distinguishable from both early cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) using supervised classification algorithms. Results comparing a Mahalanobis Distance-classified image with the raw RGB image indicated cotton, spurge, and Johnsongrass correctly classified with 73%, 67%, and 82% accuracy, respectively. For the pond study, statistically significant relationships were observed between digital numbers from pond images and chlorophyll a (chl a)from water samples obtained at multiple ponds. These experiments demonstrate the potential benefits of using low-cost digital video on aircraft to assist agricultural producers in improving management decisions.
C1 USDA ARS, APTRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Thomson, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, APTRU, POB 36, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM sthomson@ars.usda.gov
RI Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013; Alarcon, Vladimir/P-9202-2016
OI Alarcon, Vladimir/0000-0001-6629-5639
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS
PI ST JOSEPH
PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA
SN 0883-8542
J9 APPL ENG AGRIC
JI Appl. Eng. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 531
EP 537
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering
SC Agriculture
GA 934NR
UT WOS:000229716000025
ER

PT J
AU Collins, AM
AF Collins, Anita M.
TI Bittersweet bees (The 'Trouble with Blood')
SO ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Collins, AM (reprint author), USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ARCHAEOLOGICAL INST AMERICA
PI BOSTON
PA 656 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA
SN 0003-8113
J9 ARCHAEOLOGY
JI Archaeology
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 58
IS 3
BP 9
EP 9
PG 1
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 100OD
UT WOS:000241677500011
ER

PT J
AU Flythe, MD
   Russell, JB
AF Flythe, MD
   Russell, JB
TI The ability of acidic pH, growth inhibitors, and glucose to increase the
   proton motive force and energy spilling of amino acid-fermenting
   Clostridium sporogenes MD1 cultures
SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Clostridium sporogenes; Clostridium botulinum; proton motive force;
   intracellular pH; membrane potential
ID STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; RUMINAL BACTERIUM; TRANSPORT;
   MEMBRANE; BIOENERGETICS; PHYSIOLOGY; SILAGE
AB Clostridium sporogenes MD1 grew rapidly with peptides and amino acids as an energy source at pH 6.7. However, the proton motive force (Delta p) was only -25 mV, and protonophores did not inhibit growth. When extracellular pH was decreased with HCl, the chemical gradient of protons (Z Delta pH) and the electrical membrane potential (Delta Psi) increased. The Delta p was -125 mV at pH 4.7, even though growth was not observed. At pH 6.7, glucose addition did not cause an increase in growth rate, but Delta Psi increased to -70 mV. Protein synthesis inhibitors also significantly increased Delta Psi. Non-growing, arginine-energized cells had a Delta Psi of -80 mV at pH 6.7 or pH 4.7, but Delta Psi was not detected if the F1F0 ATPase was inhibited. Arginine-energized cells initiated growth if other amino acids were added at pH 6.7, and Delta Psi and ATP declined. At pH 4.7, ATP production remained high. However, growth could not be initiated, and neither Delta Psi nor the intracellular ATP concentration declined. Based on these results, it appears that C. sporogenes MD1 does not need a large Delta p to grow, and Delta p appears to serve as a mechanism of ATP dissipation or energy spilling.
C1 ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP ARS, USDA, Wing Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jbr8@cornell.edu
RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010
OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0302-8933
EI 1432-072X
J9 ARCH MICROBIOL
JI Arch. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 183
IS 4
BP 236
EP 242
DI 10.1007/s00203-005-0765-x
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 926AX
UT WOS:000229096200002
PM 15891933
ER

PT J
AU Aitkens, S
   Kilmer, DD
   Wright, NC
   McCrory, MA
AF Aitkens, S
   Kilmer, DD
   Wright, NC
   McCrory, MA
TI Metabolic syndrome in neuromuscular disease
SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
LA English
DT Article
DE body composition; energy expenditure; metabolic syndrome X;
   neuromuscular diseases; physical effort; rehabilitation
ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY;
   BODY-COMPOSITION; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE;
   MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY; EXERCISE; PREVENTION; ADULTS
AB Objectives: To test the hypotheses that (1) people with neuromuscular disease (NMD) have multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes and (2) these risk factors worsen over time.
   Design: Longitudinal testing with average 2.5-year follow-up.
   Setting: Human performance laboratory of a university.
   Participants: Eleven ambulatory volunteers with slowly progressive NMD and 8 able-bodied controls, group-matched for age and body mass index (BMI) at baseline.
   Interventions: Not applicable.
   Main Outcome Measures: Percentage of body fat (%BF), physical activity, energy expenditure, blood lipids and glucose, and blood pressure.
   Results: At baseline, NMD subjects were more obese (37%BF vs 34%BF, respectively) and more sedentary than the controls, spending less time in total activity (144min/d vs 214min/d) and in exercise (11min/d vs 45min/d). The NMD group also had numerous cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high BMI, and high triglyceride being the most common. Additionally, 55% of the NMD group satisfied the criteria for metabolic syndrome, versus 0% in the control group. Most parameters did not significantly worsen during the average 2.5-year follow-up period in either group.
   Conclusions: People with NMD are at high risk for developing chronic diseases resulting from obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. Intervention studies aimed at reducing their risk for such chronic diseases are warranted. (c) 2005 by American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP Aitkens, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
EM saitkens@ucdavis.edu
NR 44
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
   19106-3399 USA
SN 0003-9993
J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB
JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 86
IS 5
BP 1030
EP 1036
DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.09.012
PG 7
WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences
GA 928NM
UT WOS:000229278500027
PM 15895353
ER

PT J
AU Brousseau, ME
   Diffenderfer, MR
   Millar, JS
   Nartsupha, C
   Asztalos, BF
   Welty, FK
   Wolfe, ML
   Rudling, M
   Bjorkhem, I
   Angelin, B
   Mancuso, JP
   Digenio, AG
   Rader, DJ
   Schaefer, EJ
AF Brousseau, ME
   Diffenderfer, MR
   Millar, JS
   Nartsupha, C
   Asztalos, BF
   Welty, FK
   Wolfe, ML
   Rudling, M
   Bjorkhem, I
   Angelin, B
   Mancuso, JP
   Digenio, AG
   Rader, DJ
   Schaefer, EJ
TI Effects of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibition on high-density
   lipoprotein subspecies, apolipoprotein A-I metabolism, and fecal sterol
   excretion
SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE apolipoprotein A-I; bile acids; cholesteryl ester transfer protein; CETP
   inhibition; high-density lipoproteins; kinetics
ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; RANDOMIZED
   CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FRACTIONAL CATABOLIC RATE; HDL CHOLESTEROL;
   QUANTITATIVE ISOLATION; STABLE-ISOTOPE; PLASMA; DEFICIENCY; HUMANS
AB Objective - Pharmacological inhibition of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP) in humans increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels; however, its effects on apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) containing HDL subspecies, apoA-I turnover, and markers of reverse cholesterol transport are unknown. The present study was designed to address these issues.
   Methods and Results - Nineteen subjects, 9 of whom were taking 20 mg of atorvastatin for hypercholesterolemia, received placebo for 4 weeks, followed by the CETP inhibitor torcetrapib ( 120 mg QD) for 4 weeks. In 6 subjects from the nonatorvastatin cohort, the everyday regimen was followed by a 4-week period of torcetrapib ( 120 mg BID). At the end of each phase, subjects underwent a primed-constant infusion of (5,5,5-H-2(3))-L-leucine to determine the kinetics of HDL apoA-I. The lipid data in this study have been reported previously. Relative to placebo, 120 mg daily torcetrapib increased the amount of apoA-I in alpha 1-migrating HDL in the atorvastatin ( 136%; P < 0.001) and nonatorvastatin (153%; P < 0.01) cohorts, whereas an increase of 382% ( P < 0.01) was observed in the 120 mg twice daily group. HDL apoA-I pool size increased by 8 +/- 15% in the atorvastatin cohort ( P = 0.16) and by 16 +/- 7% ( P < 0.0001) and 34 +/- 8% ( P < 0.0001) in the nonatorvastatin 120 mg QD and BID cohorts, respectively. These changes were attributable to reductions in HDL apoA-I fractional catabolic rate (FCR), with torcetrapib reducing HDL apoA-I FCR by 7% ( P = 0.10) in the atorvastatin cohort, by 8% ( P < 0.001) in the nonatorvastatin 120 mg QD cohort, and by 21% ( P < 0.01) in the nonatorvastatin 120 mg BID cohort. Torcetrapib did not affect HDL apoA-I production rate. In addition, torcetrapib did not significantly change serum markers of cholesterol or bile acid synthesis or fecal sterol excretion.
   Conclusions - These data indicate that partial inhibition of CETP via torcetrapib in patients with low HDL-C: ( 1) normalizes apoA-I levels within alpha 1-migrating HDL, ( 2) increases plasma concentrations of HDL apoA-I by delaying apoA-I catabolism, and ( 3) does not significantly influence fecal sterol excretion.
C1 Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA.
   Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Expt Therapeut, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
   Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
   Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Ctr Metab & Endocrinol, Stockholm, Sweden.
   Karolinska Univ Hosp Huddinge, Ctr Mol Nutr, Stockholm, Sweden.
   Pfizer Inc, Dept Clin Biostat, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
   Pfizer Inc, Dept Clin Sci, New London, CT USA.
RP Brousseau, ME (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, JM USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM margaret.brousseau@tufts.edu
OI Bjorkhem, Ingemar/0000-0001-6087-9190
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000040, M01 RR000054, M01-RR00040, M01-RR00054];
   NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL60935, R01 HL056895, R01 HL056895-06, R01
   HL056895-07, R01 HL060935]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK040561, P30
   DK040561-09]
NR 47
TC 163
Z9 173
U1 1
U2 6
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1079-5642
J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS
JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 5
BP 1057
EP 1064
DI 10.1161/01.ATV.0000161928.16334.dd
PG 8
WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 922AE
UT WOS:000228806900386
PM 15761191
ER

PT J
AU Lichtenstein, AH
   Matthan, NR
   Jalbert, SM
   Schaefer, EJ
   Ausman, LM
AF Lichtenstein, AH
   Matthan, NR
   Jalbert, SM
   Schaefer, EJ
   Ausman, LM
TI Impact of soybean oils modified in fatty acid profile on plasma lipid
   and lipoprotein concentrations
SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 6th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular
   Biology
CY APR 28-30, 2005
CL Washington, DC
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1079-5642
J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS
JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 5
BP E101
EP E101
PG 1
WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 922AE
UT WOS:000228806900321
ER

PT J
AU Matthan, NR
   Jalbert, SM
   Ausman, LM
   Schaefer, EJ
   Lichtenstein, AH
AF Matthan, NR
   Jalbert, SM
   Ausman, LM
   Schaefer, EJ
   Lichtenstein, AH
TI Impact of differently processed forms of soybean based foods on plasma
   lipid and lipoprotein profiles in hypercholesterolemic women
SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 6th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular
   Biology
CY APR 28-30, 2005
CL Washington, DC
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1079-5642
J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS
JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 5
BP E51
EP E51
PG 1
WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 922AE
UT WOS:000228806900050
ER

PT J
AU Bytnerowicz, A
   Sanz, MJ
   Arbaugh, MJ
   Padgett, PE
   Jones, DP
   Davila, A
AF Bytnerowicz, A
   Sanz, MJ
   Arbaugh, MJ
   Padgett, PE
   Jones, DP
   Davila, A
TI Passive sampler for monitoring ambient nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrous
   acid (HNO2) concentrations
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE air pollution; nitrogenous air pollutants; passive sampler; monitoring;
   remote sites
ID AIR-POLLUTANTS; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS; DEPOSITION; CALIFORNIA; DENUDER;
   FOREST; ECOSYSTEMS; DESIGN; SYSTEM; GASES
AB A passive sampler for collection of gaseous nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrous acid (HNO2) is based on a diffusion of ambient air through Teflon membrane and absorption of the pollutants on Nylasorb nylon filter. The sampler is simple in design, easy to make, inexpensive and resistant to harsh weather conditions. The sampler has been calibrated against honeycomb denuder systems in ambient southern California air and in controlled HNO3 exposures. It is more precise than the old open-face HNO3 sampler. It can measure wide ranges of ambient HNO2 and HNO3 concentrations for extended periods of time and can be used for regional-scale monitoring of the pollutants. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
   Fdn Ctr Estudios Ambientales Meditterraneo, CEAM, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain.
RP Bytnerowicz, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM abytnerowicz@fs.fed.us
RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013; Sanz Sanchez, Maria Jose/A-6099-2016
OI Sanz Sanchez, Maria Jose/0000-0003-0471-3094
NR 27
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 39
IS 14
BP 2655
EP 2660
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.018
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 928NE
UT WOS:000229277700015
ER

PT J
AU Ngumbi, EN
   Ngi-Song, AJ
   Njagi, ENM
   Torto, R
   Wadhams, LJ
   Birkett, MA
   Pickett, JA
   Overholt, WA
   Torto, B
AF Ngumbi, EN
   Ngi-Song, AJ
   Njagi, ENM
   Torto, R
   Wadhams, LJ
   Birkett, MA
   Pickett, JA
   Overholt, WA
   Torto, B
TI Responses of the stem borer larval endoparasitoid Cotesia flavipes
   (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) to plant derived synomones: Laboratory and
   field cage experiments
SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cotesia flavipes; Chilo partellus; olfactometer; synomone; trap;
   parasitoid
ID APHID ALARM PHEROMONE; SESAMIAE CAMERON HYMENOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA;
   PYRALIDAE; IDENTIFICATION; PARASITOIDS; STEMBORERS; LOCATION; HABITAT;
   SORGHUM
AB Laboratory and field cage experiments investigated the response of females of the stem borer larval endoparasitoid Cotesia flavipes to two synthetic synomone components, the terpenoid ( E)-&beta;-farnesene and the green leaf volatile, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, both compounds identified previously in headspace volatiles of maize plants damaged by stem borer (Chilo partellus). In dose response tests performed in a Y-tube olfactometer, parasitoids were significantly more attracted to the arms bearing 10 or 15 &mu; g of ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and ( E)-&beta;-farnesene than to the control arm. ( E)-&beta;-Farnesene was as attractive as the essential oil from the plant Hemizygia petiolata ( Lamiaceae) rich in the same compound (80% relative amount). The plant essential oil elicited responses from females of the parasitoid comparable to those elicited by two positive controls, stem borer larval frass and adult parasitoid diet (20% honey solution), tested in the laboratory assays. In field cage trapping experiments, captures in traps baited with the terpenoid, the plant essential oil, ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and the control of 20% honey solution, were not significantly different relative to captures in unbaited traps. Addition of the green leaf volatile ( Z)-3-hexenyl acetate to the plant essential oil to yield a 1: 1 two-component blend captured significantly more female parasitoids than traps baited with either of the two components alone. The results show that blends of green leaf volatiles and sesquiterpenoids may have potential in monitoring C. flavipes populations in the field.
C1 Kenyatta Univ, Dept Biochem, Nairobi, Kenya.
   Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya.
   Rothamsted Res, Harpenden, Herts, England.
   Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
RP Torto, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
EM btorto@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-3157
J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN
JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 3
BP 271
EP 279
DI 10.1080/09583150400016985
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 932KK
UT WOS:000229552400005
ER

PT J
AU Ahn, B
   Paulitz, T
   Jabaji-Hare, S
   Watson, A
AF Ahn, B
   Paulitz, T
   Jabaji-Hare, S
   Watson, A
TI Enhancement of Colletotrichum coccodes virulence by inhibitors of plant
   defense mechanisms
SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Abutilon theophrasti; Colletotrichum coccodes; biocontrol of weeds;
   bioherbicides; enhancing biocontrol activity
ID VELVETLEAF ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; OXALIC-ACID PRODUCTION;
   ERYSIPHE-GRAMINIS; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; POWDERY MILDEW; RESISTANCE;
   2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PATHOGENESIS; SUPPRESSION
AB &alpha;-Amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DDG), mannose, and oxalic acid were tested as possible synergizers to enhance the efficacy of Colletotrichum coccodes, as a biological control agent of Abutilon theophrasti. All the chemicals reduced C. coccodes conidia germination and appressoria formation, but the virulence of C. coccodes was significantly enhanced when C. coccodes was applied to A. theophrasti after mannose and oxalic acid were vacuum-infiltrated through the leaf cuticle. Lipophilic analogues, 1-amino-ethyl-phosphonic acid diisopropyl ester of oxalic acid, oxalic acid diammonium salt, and 4,6-di-O-methyl-D-mannose, did not result in more severe disease on velvetleaf and there was no impact on A. theophrasti growth. These results may be due to strong antifungal effects, possible functional changes due to chemical structural changes, size of the chemical molecule, or lack of inhibitory effect of these chemicals on plant defense mechanisms. It is also possible that the defense mechanisms that these chemicals can influence are not active in A. theophrasti. Comprehensive understanding of the defense mechanisms of A. theophrasti that limit C. coccodes infection and ways to breach these defense strategies should result in improved weed suppression.
C1 McGill Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
   Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Watson, A (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Plant Sci, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada.
EM alan.watson@mcgill.ca
RI Jabaji, Suha/D-2479-2016; 
OI Jabaji, Suha/0000-0002-7232-9994; Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-3157
J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN
JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 3
BP 299
EP 308
DI 10.1080/09583150400016977
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 932KK
UT WOS:000229552400007
ER

PT J
AU Leland, JE
   Behle, RW
AF Leland, JE
   Behle, RW
TI Coating Beauveria bassiana with lignin for protection from solar
   radiation and effects on pathogenicity to Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera
   : Miridae)
SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Beauveria bassiana; Lygus lineolaris; formulation; mycoinsecticide;
   biocontrol; lignin; spray drying
ID METARHIZIUM-FLAVOVIRIDE CONIDIA; PLANT BUGS HETEROPTERA; OIL
   FORMULATIONS; MOISTURE-CONTENT; POPULATIONS; TEMPERATURE; GERMINATION;
   TOLERANCE; LONGEVITY; HEMIPTERA
AB The entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, is highly susceptible to the damaging effects of solar radiation. This study demonstrates protection from simulated solar radiation by coating B. bassiana (GHA) spores with lignin and effects on pathogenicity to Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) adults in direct spray and contact uptake bioassays. Spores were coated with either lignin or cross-linked lignin by spray drying to produce spore coatings of high and low water solubility, respectively. Non-coated spores and the two spore coating treatments were suspended in either water (0.04% Silwet L77) or oil (Orchex 692) to produce six formulations. Rates of loss in spore viability under simulated solar radiation were approximately ten times lower for the three formulations in which spores remained coated in suspension (cross-linked lignin in water, cross-linked lignin in oil, and lignin in oil). However, these three formulations were the least pathogenic. Estimates of LC50 and LC75 values for the most pathogenic formulation (noncoated in oil) were 5 and 12 times lower, respectively, than the least pathogenic formulation (cross-linked lignin in oil), but these differences were not significant. The three lignin-coated formulations that provided the greatest UV protection were also the least pathogenic based on LT values, which were significant. Overall, L. lineolaris mortality was approximately 80 times less when exposed to treated broccoli rather than sprayed directly, based on LC50 values. If the contribution of spore uptake from plant surfaces to L. lineolaris mortality is similarly low under field conditions, then improving persistence may be less important for improving efficacy. However, under control conditions where solar radiation significantly impacts mycoinsecticide efficacy, the improved persistence of lignin coating formulations may outweigh negative effects on pathogenicity.
C1 ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA.
RP Leland, JE (reprint author), ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, USDA, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM jleland@ars.usda.gov
NR 35
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-3157
J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN
JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 3
BP 309
EP 320
DI 10.1080/09583150400016936
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 932KK
UT WOS:000229552400008
ER

PT J
AU Bullen, TD
   Bailey, SW
AF Bullen, TD
   Bailey, SW
TI Identifying calcium sources at an acid deposition-impacted spruce
   forest: a strontium isotope, alkaline earth element multi-tracer
   approach
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE alkaline earth elements; calcium; forest soils; nutrients; red spruce;
   strontium isotopes
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BASE-POOR FORESTS; RED SPRUCE; WEATHERING
   RATES; HUBBARD BROOK; SR ISOTOPES; CATION LOSS; RAIN; ECOSYSTEMS;
   ALUMINUM
AB Depletion of calcium from forest soils has important implications for forest productivity and health. Ca is available to fine feeder roots from a number of soil organic and mineral sources, but identifying the primary source or changes of sources in response to environmental change is problematic. We used strontium isotope and alkaline earth element concentration ratios of trees and soils to discern the record of Ca sources for red spruce at a base-poor, acid deposition-impacted watershed. We measured Sr-87/Sr-86 and chemical compositions of cross-sectional stem-wood cores of red spruce, other spruce tissues and sequential extracts of co-located soil samples. Sr-87/Sr-86 and Sr/Ba ratios together provide a tracer of alkaline earth element sources that distinguishes the plant-available fraction of the shallow organic soils from those of deeper organic and mineral soils. Ca/Sr ratios proved less diagnostic, due to within-tree processes that fractionate these elements from each other. Over the growth period from 1870 to 1960, Sr-87/Sr-86 and Sr/Ba ratios of stemwood samples became progressively more variable and on average trended toward values that considered together are characteristic of the uppermost forest floor. In detail the stemwood chemistry revealed an episode of simultaneous enhanced uptake of all alkaline earth elements during the growth period from 1930 to 1960, coincident with reported local and regional increases in atmospheric inputs of inorganic acidity. We attribute the temporal trends in stemwood chemistry to progressive shallowing of the effective depth of alkaline earth element uptake by fine roots over this growth period, due to preferential concentration of fine roots in the upper forest floor coupled with reduced nutrient uptake by roots in the lower organic and tipper mineral soils in response to acid-induced aluminum toxicity. Although both increased atmospheric deposition and selective weathering of Ca-rich minerals such as apatite provide possible alternative explanations of aspects of the observed trends, the chemical buffering capacity of the forest floor-biomass pool limits their effectiveness as causal mechanisms.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Bullen, TD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 420,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM tdbullen@usgs.gov
OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X
NR 51
TC 48
Z9 50
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 74
IS 1
BP 63
EP 99
DI 10.1007/s10533-004-2619-z
PG 37
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 964JR
UT WOS:000231877900005
ER

PT J
AU Center, TD
   Van, TK
   Dray, FA
   Franks, SJ
   Rebelo, MT
   Pratt, PD
   Rayamajhi, MB
AF Center, TD
   Van, TK
   Dray, FA
   Franks, SJ
   Rebelo, MT
   Pratt, PD
   Rayamajhi, MB
TI Herbivory alters competitive interactions between two invasive aquatic
   plants
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic plants; competition; herbivory; clonal growth; flowering;
   waterhyacinth; waterlettuce; plant nutrition; predicting efficacy;
   inverse yield model; addition series competition experiments; plant
   community structure; species coexistence; weevils; Curculionidae;
   Pontederiaceae
ID CRASSIPES MART SOLMS; NEOCHETINA-EICHHORNIAE COLEOPTERA; HYDRILLA
   HYDRILLA-VERTICILLATA; WATER-HYACINTH; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INSECT
   HERBIVORY; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; CURCULIONIDAE-BAGOINI;
   VALLISNERIA-AMERICANA; ALTERNATIVE APPROACH
AB We compared the effect of herbivory by two congeneric specialist weevils (Neochetina eichhorniae and Neochetina bruchi) on competition between their host Eichhornia crassipes and another floating aquatic plant (Pistia stratiotes) by experimentally manipulating plant densities, presence of either or both herbivore species, and nutrient levels. Measurements of K crassipes yield per original plant included biomass, clonal expansion, and flower production. Without herbivory, intraspecific competition among E crassipes individuals was 41 times more intense than interspecific competition in terms of biomass yield. Herbivory shifted competitive outcomes, bringing intraspecific competition in line with interspecific competition. Both weevil species reduced E crassipes biomass and flowering, but X bruchi also lessened clonal expansion (rosette density) whereas N. eichhorniae did not. Nutrient limitation reduced plant performance but did not alter the pattern of competitive interactions. However, low nutrients moderated differences between weevil species such that both seemed equally damaging. We conclude that while herbivory directly and indirectly affected plant performance by altering competition between these two invasive plant species, the competitive response varied depending upon the herbivore species and availability of nutrients. The influence of herbivores on competitive interactions may thus be ail important consideration for evaluating the invasive potential of exotic plant species as well as for predicting the potential efficacy of biological control agents. but interactions between herbivory, competitors, and nutrient availability create complexities that must be considered. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
   Fac Ciencias Lisboa, Dept Zool & Antropol, Ctr Biol Ambiental, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Center, TD (reprint author), Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Agr Res Serv, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
EM tcenter@saa.ars.usda.gov
RI Rebelo, MT/A-3772-2013
OI Rebelo, MT/0000-0002-2724-2195
NR 89
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 29
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 173
EP 185
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.02.005
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 920NL
UT WOS:000228697300006
ER

PT J
AU Howell, CR
   Puckhaber, LS
AF Howell, CR
   Puckhaber, LS
TI Study of the characteristics of "P" and "Q" strains of Trichoderma
   virens to account for differences in biological control efficacy against
   cotton seedling diseases
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Trichoderma virens; germination stimulants; cellulase;
   polygalacturonase; protease; phytotoxin; phytoalexins pathogenicity
ID GLIOCLADIUM-VIRENS; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; PYTHIUM-ULTIMUM; DAMPING-OFF;
   DEFENSE RESPONSES; BIOCONTROL; INDUCTION; VIRIDIOL; PLANTS
AB Strains of Trichoderma virens belonging to the "P" group are ineffective as biocontrol agents of seedling disease in cotton, and they are pathogenic to susceptible seed lots. Those strains belonging to the "Q" group are effective biocontrol agents of cotton seedling disease, and they are not pathogenic to cotton. To account For these behavioral differences, comparative assays were made of "P" and "Q" strains for production of phytotoxin, for cellulase, polygalacturonase and protease activity, for induction of phytoalexin synthesis in cotton roots, and for metabolism of pathogen germination stimulants. The results showed little difference in phyotoxin production or enzyme activity between the two groups, and that "P" strain mutants deficient for viridiol production were still pathogenic to cotton. There was also no difference between strains in their ability to metabolize pathogen germination stimulants. HPLC analyses of extracts from roots treated with "P" or "Q" strains, however, showed that "Q" strains induced high levels of phytoalexin synthesis, while "P" strains did not. Treatment of seeds or seedling radicles with combination "P" + "Q" seed coat preparations or cultures filtrates, respectively. ameliorated seedling kill, and increased phytoalexin production in treated roots. These results indicate that an inability by "P" strains to induce high levels of phytoalexins in cotton, not only makes them ineffective as biocontrol agents, but renders them pathogenic to Susceptible cultivar seed lots. Induction by "Q" strains of high levels of phytoalexin synthesis in cotton makes them effective biocontrol agents, and it inhibits their development in cotton roots which might lead to pathogenesis. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, CPRU, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Howell, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, CPRU, SPARC, 2765 F & B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
EM chowell@cpru.usda.gov
NR 17
TC 13
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 217
EP 222
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.02.003
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA 920NL
UT WOS:000228697300010
ER

PT J
AU Weber, GM
   Sullivan, CV
AF Weber, GM
   Sullivan, CV
TI Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces oocyte maturational competence but
   not meiotic resumption in white bass (Morone chrysops) follicles in
   vitro: Evidence for rapid evolution of insulin-like growth factor action
SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE follicle; growth factors; mechanisms of hormone action; meiosis; signal
   transduction
ID PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE ACTIVITY; STRIPED BASS; IGF-I;
   XENOPUS-OOCYTES; RED SEABREAM; OVARIAN-FOLLICLES; ATLANTIC CROAKER;
   FINAL MATURATION; PAGRUS-MAJOR; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS
AB A combination of recombinant human (rh) insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) (25 nM) and the maturation-inducing hormone (MIH), 17,20 beta,21 -trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3 -one (20 beta-S; 72.5 nM), induced germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in ovarian follicles of white bass incubated in vitro, whereas a four times greater concentration of each hormone was ineffective alone. These results indicate that IGF-I induces oocyte maturational competence (OMC) but not meiotic resumption in white bass. Culture medium concentrations of 20 beta-S remained below detection limits for ovarian fragments incubated with rhIGF-I. Actinomycin D blocked GVBD in response to hCG but not to rhIGF-I plus 20 beta-S, suggesting that IGF-I requires de novo translation but not transcription to induce OMC. Gap junction uncouplers, 1-octanol and 1-heptanol, and the phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase (PI 3-K) inhibitors, wortmannin and LY 294002, attenuated hCG-, 20 beta-S-, and rhIGF-I plus 20 beta-S-induced GVBD. Although these inhibitors reduced hCG-induced progestin release, PI 3-K inhibitors did not alter MIH synthesis in some incubations and addition of 20 beta-S to the incubations did not fully overcome the effects of either class of inhibitors, suggesting that decreasing MIH production is not their only inhibitory effect on gonadotropin (GtH) action. Our data suggest that gap junctions and PI 3-K activity are necessary for GtH and IGF-I to induce and maintain OMC in white bass. The induction of OMC but not meiotic resumption by lGF-I in white bass, compared with the induction of meiotic resumption but not OMC by IGFI discovered in the congeneric striped bass suggests rapid evolution of the reproductive actions of IGF-I among temperate basses (genus Morone).
C1 USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Zool, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Weber, GM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM gweber@ncccwa.ars.usda.gov
RI Sullivan, Craig/B-3863-2014
OI Sullivan, Craig/0000-0002-3609-9458
NR 49
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION
PI MADISON
PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA
SN 0006-3363
J9 BIOL REPROD
JI Biol. Reprod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 5
BP 1177
EP 1186
DI 10.1095/biolreprod.104.036251
PG 10
WC Reproductive Biology
SC Reproductive Biology
GA 919HN
UT WOS:000228609100015
PM 15647455
ER

PT J
AU Ezeji, TC
   Karcher, PM
   Qureshi, N
   Blaschek, HP
AF Ezeji, TC
   Karcher, PM
   Qureshi, N
   Blaschek, HP
TI Improving performance of a gas stripping-based recovery system to remove
   butanol from Clostridium beijerinckii fermentation
SO BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE butanol fermentation; gas bubble size; selectivity; gas recycle rate;
   stripping rate
ID BATCH EXTRACTIVE FERMENTATION; PRODUCT INHIBITION; ABE FERMENTATION;
   INSITU RECOVERY; BA101; ACETOBUTYLICUM; PERVAPORATION; ACETONE; ETHANOL;
   SUBSTRATE
AB The effect of factors such as gas recycle rate, bubble size, presence of acetone, and ethanol in the solution/broth were investigated in order to remove butanol from model solution or fermentation broth ( also called acetone butanol ethanol or ABE or solvents). Butanol ( 8 g L-1, model solution, Fig. 2) stripping rate was found to be proportional to the gas recycle rate. In the bubble size range attempted (< 0.5 and 0.5 - 5.0 mm), the bubble size did not have any effect on butanol removal rate ( Fig. 3, model solution). In Clostridium beijerinckii fermentation, ABE productivity was reduced from 0.47 g L-1 h(-1) to 0.25 g L-1 h(-1) when smaller (< 0.5 mm) bubble size was used to remove ABE ( Fig. 4, results reported as butanol/ABE concentration). The productivity was reduced as a result of addition of an excessive amount of antifoam used to inhibit the production of foam caused by the smaller bubbles. This suggested that the fermentation was negatively affected by antifoam.
C1 Univ Illinois, Biotechnol & Bioengn Grp, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Blaschek, HP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Biotechnol & Bioengn Grp, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, 1207 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM blaschek@uiuc.edu
RI Ezeji, Thaddeus/D-7171-2015
OI Ezeji, Thaddeus/0000-0002-8384-895X
NR 28
TC 69
Z9 79
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1615-7591
J9 BIOPROC BIOSYST ENG
JI Bioprocess. Biosyst. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 27
IS 3
BP 207
EP 214
DI 10.1007/s00449-005-0403-7
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering
GA 933NV
UT WOS:000229641100007
PM 15806382
ER

PT J
AU Yoza, K
   Imamura, T
   Kramer, KJ
   Morgan, TD
   Nakamura, S
   Akiyama, K
   Kawasaki, S
   Takaiwa, F
   Ohtsubo, K
AF Yoza, K
   Imamura, T
   Kramer, KJ
   Morgan, TD
   Nakamura, S
   Akiyama, K
   Kawasaki, S
   Takaiwa, F
   Ohtsubo, K
TI Avidin expressed in transgenic rice confers resistance to the
   stored-product insect pests Tribolium confusum and Sitotroga cerealella
SO BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE avidin; transgenic plant; rice kernel; stored-product insect pests;
   plant resistance
ID BIOTIN-BINDING PROTEINS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; MOLECULAR-CLONING;
   PLANTS; STREPTAVIDIN; INHIBITOR; SEQUENCE; TOBACCO; GROWTH; MAIZE
AB Rice (Oryza sativa var. Nipponbare) was transformed with an artificial avidin gene. The features of this construct are as follows: (1) a signal peptide sequence derived from barley alpha amylase was added at the N-terminal region, (2) codon usage of the gene was optimized for rice, and (3) the gene was driven by rice glutelin GluB-1, an endosperm-specific promoter. Avidin was produced in the grain of the transgenic rice but not in the leaves. The concentration of avidin in the kernels was about 1,800 ppm. All larvae of the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) and Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella) died when fed transgenic avidin rice powder or kernels, respectively, whereas most of the test insects developed into adults when they were fed a nontransgenic rice control diet. Avidin extracted from the transgenic rice kernel lost most biotin-binding activity after 5 min heating at 95 degrees C.
C1 Natl Food Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan.
   USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
   Osaka Prefecture Univ, Sakai, Osaka 5998531, Japan.
   Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan.
RP Natl Food Res Inst, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan.
EM yozako@affrc.go.jp
RI Akiyama, Kohki /B-4668-2012
NR 18
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0916-8451
EI 1347-6947
J9 BIOSCI BIOTECH BIOCH
JI Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 69
IS 5
BP 966
EP 971
DI 10.1271/bbb.69.966
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
   Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 932SZ
UT WOS:000229575000015
PM 15914917
ER

PT J
AU Eigenberg, RA
   Brown-Brandl, TM
   Nienaber, JA
   Hahn, GL
AF Eigenberg, RA
   Brown-Brandl, TM
   Nienaber, JA
   Hahn, GL
TI Dynamic response indicators of heat stress in shaded and non-shaded
   feedlot cattle, part 2: Predictive relationships
SO BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPIRATION RATE; PERFORMANCE
AB Summer heat provides stressful conditions for Bos taurus feeder cattle; in extreme instances these conditions can be fatal. One management option is to provide shade structures for feedlot animals. This study was conducted during the summer of 2001 to compare physiological responses of cattle with shade access or no-shade access. Eight steers were selected from a group of 12, and assigned individual pens. Four pens were fitted with shade structures that allowed the steers to choose shade; the remainder had no shade option. The animals were rotated through pen assignments during the summer season. Continuous measures of respiration rate and body temperature were recorded as response variables to the shade treatments. Environmental conditions were monitored for the experimental period. Daytime means and standard errors were 86.0 +/- 0.39 breaths min(-1) for respiration rate shade, and were significantly lower (probability P < 0.05) than respiration rate No-shade of 102-3 +/- 0.36 breaths min(-1). Linear regression fit for daytime data showed the slope for No-shade to be 4.5 +/- 0.15 breaths min(-1) and 1.5 +/- 0.11 breaths min(-1) for Shade. Thresholds for humidity and treatment of Shade and No-shade were determined to exist between 25 and 30 degrees C. Linear regression equations were developed for respiration rate including effects of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation for animals in either Shade or No-shade feedlot pens. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Silsoe Research Institute.
C1 USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM eigenberg@email.mare.usda.gov
NR 20
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1537-5110
J9 BIOSYST ENG
JI Biosyst. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 91
IS 1
BP 111
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.02.001
PG 8
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
SC Agriculture
GA 930CX
UT WOS:000229394500010
ER

PT J
AU Kim, BJ
   Gibson, DM
   Shuler, ML
AF Kim, BJ
   Gibson, DM
   Shuler, ML
TI Relationship of viability and apoptosis to taxol production in Taxus sp
   suspension cultures elicited with methyl jasmonate
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; GERANYLGERANYL DIPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; INDOLE
   ALKALOID PRODUCTION; CHINENSIS VAR. MAIREI; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS;
   HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CUSPIDATA; ELICITATION; PLANTS; ACID
AB Taxus cuspidata P991 in plant cell suspension culture is capable of producing the important anticancer agent Taxol (paclitaxel) and related taxanes. High-level production is obtained by elicitation with methyl jasmonate, but successful elicitation leads to loss of cell viability that cannot be recovered by subculture. Here, we test whether the loss of viability is due to a direct effect of methyl jasmonate. Upon subculture, the reduced viability continued in methyl jasmonate elicited cultures, but not in nonelicited control cultures. The growth reduction in elicited T. cuspidata P991 suspension cultures was evaluated by viability reduction measurements using phenosafranin and fluorescein diacetate. The viability reduction does not appear to be related to apoptosis based on DNA laddering analysis because it occurred very late (at day 35) in the culture period. DNA laddering was also found only after day 28 in T. canadensis C93AD (a Taxol-producing cell line) elicited with methyl jasmonate, implying that apoptosis is not the major death mechanism after elicitation. As compared to Taxol-producing cell lines, the viability of a nonproducing cell line, T. canadensis CO93D, was not severely affected by methyl Jasmonate, indicating that methyl jasmonate itself is not the primary factor for viability reduction. Based on Northern analysis of taxadiene synthase mRNA from both elicited and nonelicited T. cuspidata P991, methyl jasmonate directly induces the production of this enzyme, which is the first committed step in the biosynthetic pathway for Taxol. As a result, both viability reduction and growth reduction appear related to a high production level of Taxol (and related taxanes) upon methyl jasmonate elicitation, rather than to the direct effect of methyl jasmonate.
C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Shuler, ML (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mls@cheme.cornell.edu
RI KIM, BEUM JUN/G-6829-2011
OI KIM, BEUM JUN/0000-0003-1797-5026
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 8756-7938
J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR
JI Biotechnol. Prog.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 700
EP 707
DI 10.1021/bp050016z
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 933DU
UT WOS:000229605400008
PM 15932245
ER

PT J
AU Saha, BC
   Iten, LB
   Cotta, MA
   Wu, YV
AF Saha, BC
   Iten, LB
   Cotta, MA
   Wu, YV
TI Dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation
   of rice hulls to ethanol
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS;
   WHEAT STRAW; CORN FIBER; HYDROLYSIS; DETOXIFICATION; INHIBITION
AB Rice hulls, a complex lignocellulosic material with high lignin (15.38 &PLUSMN; 0.2%) and ash (18.71 &PLUSMN; 0.01%) content, contain 35.62 &PLUSMN; 0.12% cellulose and 11.96 &PLUSMN; 0.73% hemicellulose and has the potential to serve as a low-cost feedstock for production of ethanol. Dilute H2SO4 pretreatments at varied temperature (120-190 &DEG; C) and enzymatic saccharification (45 &DEG; C, pH 5.0) were evaluated for conversion of rice hull cellulose and hemicellulose to monomeric sugars. The maximum yield of monomeric sugars from rice hulls (15%, w/v) by dilute H2SO4 (1.0%, v/v) pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification (45 &DEG; C, pH 5.0, 72 h) using cellulase, P-glucosidase, xylanase, esterase, and Tween 20 was 287 &PLUSMN; 3 mg/g (60% yield based on total carbohydrate content). Under this condition, no furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural were produced. The yield of ethanol per L by the mixed sugar utilizing recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR 5 from rice hull hydrolyzate containing 43.6 &PLUSMN; 3.0 g fermentable sugars (glucose, 18.2 &PLUSMN; 1.4 g; xylose, 21.4 &PLUSMN; 1.1 g; arabinose, 2.4 &PLUSMN; 0.3 g; galactose, 1.6 &PLUSMN; 0.2 g) was 18.7 &PLUSMN; 0.6 g (0.43 &PLUSMN; 0.02 g/g sugars obtained; 0.13 &PLUSMN; 0.01 g/g rice hulls) at pH 6.5 and 35 &DEG; C. Detoxification of the acid- and enzyme-treated rice hull hydrolyzate by overliming (pH 10.5, 90 &DEG; C, 30 min) reduced the time required for maximum ethanol production (17 &PLUSMN; 10.2 g from 42.0 &PLUSMN; 0.7 g sugars per L) by the E. coli strain from 64 to 39 h in the case of separate hydrolysis and fermentation and increased the maximum ethanol yield (per L) from 7.1 &PLUSMN; 2.3 g in 140 h to 9.1 &PLUSMN; 0.7 g in 112 h in the case of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.
C1 USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Saha, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM sahabc@ncaur.usda.gov
OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754
NR 33
TC 148
Z9 151
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 8756-7938
J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR
JI Biotechnol. Prog.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 816
EP 822
DI 10.1021/bp049564n
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 933DU
UT WOS:000229605400024
PM 15932261
ER

PT J
AU Erkkila, AT
   Lichtenstein, AH
   Jacques, PF
   Hu, FB
   Wilson, PWF
   Booth, SL
AF Erkkila, AT
   Lichtenstein, AH
   Jacques, PF
   Hu, FB
   Wilson, PWF
   Booth, SL
TI Determinants of plasma dihydrophylloquinone in men and women
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE dihydrophylloquinone; vitamin K; trans fatty acids; biomarker
ID LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; VITAMIN-K
   STATUS; PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1; DIETARY-INTAKE; OILS;
   DIHYDRO-VITAMIN-K-1; REPRODUCIBILITY; VALIDITY; HEALTH
AB Commercial hydrogenation results in the formation of trans fatty acids. An unintended consequence of the hydrogenation process is conversion of phylloquinone (vitamin K-1) to dihydrophylloquinone. Plasma dihydrophylloquinone concentrations have yet to be characterized in population-based studies. Dietary determinants of plasma dihydrophylloquinone were estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in 803 men and 913 women in the Framingham Offspring Study. Geometric mean dihydrophylloquinone intake was 21.3 (95 % CI 20.4, 22.3) mu g/d in men and 19.4 (95 % CI 18.5, 20.2) mu g/d in women. Detectable (> 0.05 nmol/l) plasma dihydrophylloquinone concentrations were measured in 41 % and 30 % of men and women, respectively. The multivariate odds ratio (OR) of detectable plasma dihydrophylloquinone from the lowest to the highest quartile category of dihydrophylloquinone intake were 1 (referent), 1.13 (95 % CI 0.83, 1.53), 1.66 (95 % CI 1.21, 2.26) and 1.84 (95 % CI 1.31, 2.58), P for trend < 0.001, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, triacylglycerols, season and energy intake. Higher trans fatty acid intake was associated with higher multivariate OR for detectable plasma dihydrophylloquinone (OR comparing extreme quartiles 2.41 (95 % CI 1.59, 3.64), P for trend < 0.001). There were limitations in the use of plasma dihydrophylloquinone, evident in the high proportion of the population that had non-detectable dihydrophylloquinone concentrations. Despite this caveat, higher plasma dihydrophylloquinone was associated with higher dihydrophylloquinone intake and higher trans fatty acid intake.
C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamin K Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Univ Kuopio, Dept Clin Nutr, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
   Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Program Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Channing Labs, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
   NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01701 USA.
RP Booth, SL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vitamin K Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM sarah.booth@tufts.edu
FU NIA NIH HHS [AG14759]
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU CABI PUBLISHING
PI WALLINGFORD
PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, NOSWORTHY WAY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON,
   ENGLAND
SN 0007-1145
J9 BRIT J NUTR
JI Br. J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 93
IS 5
BP 701
EP 708
DI 10.1079/BJN20041394
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 939OX
UT WOS:000230083400017
PM 15975170
ER

PT J
AU Horton, DR
   Lewis, TM
   Neven, LG
AF Horton, DR
   Lewis, TM
   Neven, LG
TI Ovarian development and lipid reserves are affected by mating delays in
   three species of Anthocoris (Hemiptera : Anthocoridae)
SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
ID COPULATION DURATION; HETEROPTERA; BODY; INSEMINATION; INSECTS; TRAITS;
   EGGS; FAT
AB Mating is necessary to bring about ovarian maturation in females of Anthocoridae and related taxa (Cimicidae). The objectives of this study were to determine how forced delays in mating affect extent and rate of oocyte development, duration of the preoviposition period, and levels of lipid reserves in three species of Anthocoris. Extent of oocyte development by unmated females differed among the three species. In unmated A. tomentosus, the basal oocyte failed to show any increase in size with increasing female age, whereas oocytes in unmated A. nemoralis and A. whitei exhibited some growth beginning 2 days after eclosion. One consequence of these differences among species is that a forced delay in mating (of 3 or 10 days) had less of an effect on A. whitei and A. nemoralis than on A. tomentosus, in terms of the length of the preoviposition period measured from the time of mating. Mated females of A. nemoralis and A. whitei grew larger oocytes than unmated females within 2 days of mating, whereas the same phenomenon took 4 days in A. tomentosus. Embryos became visible in the eggs of mated A. nemoralis and A. whitei 2-3 days after mating, compared with 5 days after mating for A. tomentosus. Mature eggs with egg caps were visible within 3, 4, and 6 days after mating for A. nemoralis, A. whitei, and A. tomentosus, respectively. In all three species, unmated females 10 days after eclosion had significantly higher levels of lipids allocated to nonreproductive tissues than similarly aged females that had been mated on the day of eclosion, suggesting that there was a trade-off between allocation of resources to eggs and allocation to somatic reserves.
C1 USDA ARS, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
RP Horton, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA.
EM horton@yarl.ars.usda.gov
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA
SN 0008-347X
J9 CAN ENTOMOL
JI Can. Entomol.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 137
IS 3
BP 328
EP 336
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 949TX
UT WOS:000230812100007
ER

PT J
AU Hawkins, TS
   Baskin, JM
   Baskin, CC
AF Hawkins, TS
   Baskin, JM
   Baskin, CC
TI Life cycles and biomass allocation in seed- and ramet-derived plants of
   Cryptotaenia canadensis (Apiaceae), a monocarpic species of eastern
   North America
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
LA English
DT Article
DE allometry; Apiaceae; biomass allocation; Cryptotaenia canadensis;
   monocarpic
ID VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; SOUTHERN WISCONSIN;
   AGROPYRON-REPENS; PERENNIAL HERBS; PATTERNS; POPULATIONS; GROWTH;
   FOREST; SIZE
AB Life cycles, survivorship, and biomass allocation for seed- and ramet-derived plants of Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. were studied to determine if variation existed between plant derivations, and how these attributes contribute to persistence of the species within a temperate forest habitat. Seed-derived plants behaved as biennials, reproducing both sexually and asexually in the second growing season. Ramet-derived plants reproduced sexually and asexually annually. Annual survivorship was greater for seed-derived juveniles; however, fewer seed-derived plants flowered than did ramet-derived plants. Biomass allocation for plants harvested at four growth stages over two complete life cycles was significantly different between plant derivations during vegetative growth stages. During reproductive growth stages, biomass allocation did not differ between ramet- and seed-derived plants harvested in the same year. Regressions showed a strong correlation between sexual reproductive mass and vegetative mass for both plant derivations, with no significant difference between slopes or intercepts. Ramet mass was less dependent on plant size, and differences between slopes and intercepts were not significant. Regressions of sexual versus asexual reproductive mass varied with year and cohort. Equivalent reproductive output in conjunction with temporal differences in life cycle phenologies between plant derivations optimize this species' ability to persist in its natural habitat.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
   Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
RP Hawkins, TS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM tracyhawkins@fs.fed.us
NR 76
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4026
J9 CAN J BOT
JI Can. J. Bot.-Rev. Can. Bot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 518
EP 528
DI 10.1139/B05-031
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 935LR
UT WOS:000229784300010
ER

PT J
AU Nijensohn, SE
   Schaberg, PG
   Hawley, GJ
   DeHayes, DH
AF Nijensohn, SE
   Schaberg, PG
   Hawley, GJ
   DeHayes, DH
TI Genetic subpopulation structuring and its implications in a mature
   eastern white pine stand
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS;
   MATING-SYSTEM; DOUGLAS-FIR; PITCH PINE; STROBUS; GROWTH; DIVERSITY;
   HETEROZYGOSITY
AB We examined patterns of genetic structuring within a mature eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) forest, using geographic information system (GIS)-based data and maps that combined genetic (isozyme analysis of 46 loci) and other tree-specific information (e.g., size, growth, age, and location) for 220 trees in Jericho, Vermont. Interconnections between genotypic information with other tree characteristics revealed several patterns of genetic structuring. Average observed heterozygosity generally increased with tree age-class, and trees with a high number of rare alleles were disproportionally represented in suppressed crown classes. Spatial structuring was also evident: trees within 5 m of one another were highly related, and levels of relatedness generally decreased with increasing distance between trees. In general, a 35-m-radius circle around any tree circumscribed its zone of genetic similarity. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated the stand consisted of five family groups that exhibited greater genetic similarity within than among clusters. Temporal structuring (a generation gap) was also evident: trees of similar age showed significant positive relatedness, as did trees 30-40 years apart. Patterns of genetic structuring likely resulted from the combined influences of natural selection, isolation by distance, and functional generation times. Genetic structuring may also have biological and management implications. Computer-based simulated harvests suggested that the stand could experience genetic alteration when tree removal criteria disrupted existing structural patterns.
C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05402 USA.
   Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05402 USA.
EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us
NR 53
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
EI 1208-6037
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1041
EP 1052
DI 10.1139/X05-029
PG 12
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938BG
UT WOS:000229974300003
ER

PT J
AU May, JD
   Burdette, SB
   Gilliam, FS
   Adams, MB
AF May, JD
   Burdette, SB
   Gilliam, FS
   Adams, MB
TI Interspecific divergence in foliar nutrient dynamics and stem growth in
   a temperate forest in response to chronic nitrogen inputs
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
   FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID APPALACHIAN HARDWOOD FOREST; EXPERIMENTAL ACIDIFICATION; SUGAR MAPLE;
   TREE GROWTH; RED SPRUCE; SATURATION; RESORPTION; ECOSYSTEMS; DEPOSITION;
   ADDITIONS
AB We studied the effects of excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization on foliar nutrient dynamics and stem growth in three important tree species in a mixed-deciduous forest. Stem diameter growth, foliar N concentrations, nitrogen phosphorus (N/P) ratios, and nutrient resorption were determined for Acer rubrum L. (ACRU), Liriodendron tulipifera L. (LITU), and Prunus serotina Ehrh. (PRSE) on two 30-year-old watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia, USA: WS3, fertilized annually with 35 kg ammonium sulfate(.)ha(-1) since 1989, and WS7, an untreated control watershed. In an earlier (1992) study, foliar N concentrations of all three species averaged 11% higher in WS3 than in WS7. By 2000, that was no longer the case for any species; indeed N in ACRU leaves was 13% lower in WS3 that year. N/P ratios were elevated in WS3 only in PRSE in 1992 and in both ACRU and PRSE in 1997, but by 2001, mean N/P for all three species was lower in WS3. N resorption efficiencies were 30% lower in WS3 in ACRU and PRSE, but not in LITU. Stem diameter growth in WS3 was 55% lower in ACRU and 30% lower in LITU and PRSE compared with that in WS7. Results may indicate declining growth vigor in ACRU and, to a lesser extent, PRSE and LITU in the fertilized watershed. Observed interspecific differences in growth and plant nutrition responses suggest eventual changes in species composition under increasing N saturation.
C1 Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA.
RP May, JD (reprint author), Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
EM may@marshall.edu
NR 32
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 27
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1023
EP 1030
DI 10.1139/X05-036
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938BG
UT WOS:000229974300001
ER

PT J
AU Meyer, MD
   North, MP
   Kelt, DA
AF Meyer, MD
   North, MP
   Kelt, DA
TI Short-term effects of fire and forest thinning on truffle abundance and
   consumption by Neotamias speciosus in the Sierra Nevada of California
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
   FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRRELS; OLD-GROWTH; FUNGAL SPOROCARPS; HYPOGEOUS
   FUNGI; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL-FUNGI; PONDEROSA PINE; SMALL MAMMALS; OREGON;
   STANDS; MYCORRHIZAL
AB In many western North American forests, prescribed burning and mechanical thinning are widely used to reduce fuels and restore stand conditions after a century of fire suppression. Few studies have followed the relative impacts of these treatments on the production and consumption of truffles in forest ecosystems, particularly in the Sierra Nevada of California. Using a full-factorial completely randomized design, we examined the short-term impacts of prescribed burning (no burn and burn), mechanical thinning (no thin, light thin, and heavy thin), and combinations of these treatments on the production of truffles and their consumption by lodgepole chipmunks (Neotamias speciosus Merriam) in a mixed-conifer forest of the southern Sierra Nevada of California. Truffle frequency, biomass, and species richness were lower in thinned or burned plots than controls, as was the frequency and generic richness of truffles in the diet of N. speciosus. Truffle frequency, biomass, and species richness, and truffle consumption by N. speciosus were lower in heavily thinned and thinned and burned plots than in those exclusively burned. These results suggest that either thinning or burning can reduce short-term truffle production and consumption, and potentially the dispersal of ectomycorrhizal spores by small mammals. Moreover, truffles decreased with treatment intensity, suggesting heavy thinning and higher burn intensity, particularly when applied together, can significantly affect short-term truffle abundance and small mammal consumption.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Meyer, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM marcmeyer@fs.fed.us
NR 56
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 9
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1061
EP 1070
DI 10.1139/x05-032
PG 10
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938BG
UT WOS:000229974300005
ER

PT J
AU Richardson, AD
   Reeves, JB
AF Richardson, AD
   Reeves, JB
TI Quantitative reflectance spectroscopy as an alternative to traditional
   wet lab analysis of foliar chemistry: near-infrared and mid-infrared
   calibrations compared
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
   FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID AGRICULTURAL SOILS; DAIRY MANURES; NITROGEN; CARBON; PREDICTION;
   GRADIENT; SAMPLES; LEAVES; PLANT
AB Quantitative reflectance spectroscopy offers an alternative to traditional analytical methods for the determination of the chemical composition of a sample. The objective of this study was to develop a set of spectroscopic calibrations to determine the chemical composition (nutrients, carbon, and fiber constituents, determined using standard wet lab methods) of dried conifer foliage samples (N = 72), and to compare the predictive ability of calibrations based on three different spectral regions: visible and shortwave near infrared (VIS-sNIR, 400- to 1100-nm wavelengths), near infrared (NIR, 1100- to 2500-nm wavelengths), and mid infrared (MIR, 2500- to 25000-nm wavelengths). To date, most quantitative reflectance spectroscopy has been based on the VIS-sNIR-NIR, and the ability of MIR calibrations to predict the composition of tree foliage has not been tested. VIS-sNIR calibrations were clearly inferior to those based on longer wavelengths. For 8 of 11 analytes, the MIR calibrations had the lowest standard error of cross-validation, but in most cases the difference in accuracy between NIR and MIR calibrations was small, and against an independent validation set, there was no clear evidence that either spectral region was superior. Although quantitative MIR spectroscopy is at a more primitive state of development than NIR spectroscopy, these results demonstrate that the mid infrared has considerable promise for quantitative analytical work.
C1 Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
   USDA ARS, Anim Manure & By Prod Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Richardson, AD (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall,39 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM andrew.richardson@unh.edu
RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011
OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714
NR 33
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 18
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1122
EP 1130
DI 10.1139/X05-037
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938BG
UT WOS:000229974300010
ER

PT J
AU Wang, D
   Juzwik, J
   Fraedrich, SW
   Spokas, K
   Zhang, Y
   Koskinen, WC
AF Wang, D
   Juzwik, J
   Fraedrich, SW
   Spokas, K
   Zhang, Y
   Koskinen, WC
TI Atmospheric emissions of methyl isothiocyanate and chloropicrin
   following soil fumigation and surface containment treatment in bare-root
   forest nurseries
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE
   FORESTIERE
LA English
DT Article
ID BROMIDE VOLATILIZATION; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE VOLATILIZATION;
   METAM-SODIUM; DAZOMET; TEMPERATURE; DEGRADATION
AB Methylisothiocyanate (MITC) and chloropicrin (CP) are alternatives to methyl bromide for soil fumigation. However, surface transport of MITC emission has been cited as the cause for seedling damage in adjacent fields at several bare-root forest-tree nurseries. Field experiments were conducted at nurseries in Wisconsin and Georgia to measure air emissions of MITC and CP after fumigation. Four treatments were tested as combinations of two fumigants (dazomet or coapplication of CP and metam sodium) and two surface containment treatments (tarp or water seal). A very small percentage (< 5%) of the applied equivalent of MITC was lost through either surface treatment over a 2-week period, and lower emissions occurred with the water seal. Cumulative emissions of CP accounted for 10%-22% of the applied CP. With all surface containment treatments, more than 70% of total cumulative emissions of either MITC or CP occurred within 1 week of application. Either surface containment treatment can be used by nursery managers to reduce risk of MITC emissions that could cause damage to nearby seedling crops or harm to humans.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Wang, D (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM wangd@umn.edu
RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016
OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0045-5067
J9 CAN J FOREST RES
JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1202
EP 1212
DI 10.1139/X05-044
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938BG
UT WOS:000229974300018
ER

PT J
AU Fretin, D
   Fauconnier, A
   Kohler, S
   Halling, S
   Leonard, S
   Nijskens, C
   Ferooz, J
   Lestrate, P
   Delrue, RM
   Danese, I
   Vandenhaute, J
   Tibor, A
   DeBolle, X
   Letesson, JJ
AF Fretin, D
   Fauconnier, A
   Kohler, S
   Halling, S
   Leonard, S
   Nijskens, C
   Ferooz, J
   Lestrate, P
   Delrue, RM
   Danese, I
   Vandenhaute, J
   Tibor, A
   DeBolle, X
   Letesson, JJ
TI The sheathed flagellum of Brucella melitensis is involved in persistence
   in a murine model of infection
SO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYMBIONT SINORHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; BACTERIUM MESORHIZOBIUM-LOTI; COMPLETE
   GENOME STRUCTURE; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL;
   ALPHA-PROTEOBACTERIA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES;
   IN-VITRO; VIRULENCE
AB Persistence infection is the keystone of the ruminant and human diseases called brucellosis and Malta fever, respectively, and is linked to the intracellular tropism of Brucella spp. While described as non-motile, Brucella spp. have all the genes except the chemotactic system, necessary to assemble a functional flagellum. We undertook to determine whether these genes are expressed and are playing a role in some step of the disease process. We demonstrated that in the early log phase of a growth curve in 2YT nutrient broth, Brucella melitensis expresses genes corresponding to the basal (MS ring) and the distal (hook and filament) parts of the flagellar apparatus. Under these conditions, a polar and sheathed flagellar structure is visible by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We evaluated the effect of mutations in flagellar genes of B. melitensis encoding various parts of the structure, MS ring, P ring, motor protein, secretion apparatus, hook and filament. None of these mutants gave a discernible phenotype as compared with the wild-type strain in cellular models of infection. In contrast, all these mutants were unable to establish a chronic infection in mice infected via the intraperitoneal route, raising the question of the biological role(s) of this flagellar appendage.
C1 Univ Namur, Unite Rech Biol Mol, Namur, Belgium.
   Free Univ Brussels, Inst Biol & Med Mol, Serv Genet Appl, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
   Univ Montpellier 2, INSERM, U431, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
   Agr Res Serv, Bacterial Dis Livestock Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA.
   Ctr Etud & Rech Vet & Agron, Brussels, Belgium.
RP Letesson, JJ (reprint author), Univ Namur, Unite Rech Biol Mol, Namur, Belgium.
EM jean-jacques.letesson@fundp.ac.be
NR 74
TC 92
Z9 103
U1 1
U2 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1462-5814
J9 CELL MICROBIOL
JI Cell Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 5
BP 687
EP 698
DI 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00502.x
PG 12
WC Cell Biology; Microbiology
SC Cell Biology; Microbiology
GA 915LU
UT WOS:000228306500009
PM 15839898
ER

PT J
AU LaCroix, DE
   Wolf, WR
   Kwansa, AL
AF LaCroix, DE
   Wolf, WR
   Kwansa, AL
TI Rapid trichloroacetic acid extraction and liquid chromatography method
   for determination of nicotinamide in commercial cereals
SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; INFANT FORMULA; NIACIN CONTENT; HPLC
AB Determination of niacin in fortified infant and dairy products has been accomplished using a variety of analytical liquid chromatography (LC) methods. Applications of these LC techniques to other food matrices suffer due to the presence of endogenous absorbing peaks at 260 nm that co-chromatograph with the nicotinic acid and nicotinamide vitamers. We have successfully adapted the LC method of Woollard and Indyk for the determination of nicotinamide in reference and commercial cereal products. Unbound nicotinamide in fortified cereal was extracted with 0.6M trichloroacetic acid and chromatographed on a C-18 reversed-phase column using a mobile phase of 75% methanol and water (pH 2.8, with formic acid) with sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate (0.1%) as the ion-pairing agent. Using Spectral Analysis ChromQuest software, a three-dimensional view showed only nicotinamide under the LC peak. Similarity index spectral matches of nicotinamide standard and the LC peak were approximate to 100%, indicating the absence of interferences. Nicotinamide recoveries for the reference cereals of VMA195 and VMA 399 (from AACC International, St. Paul, MN) and GM 19B (from General Mills, Medallion Laboratories, Minneapolis, MN) were 90-103% of assigned value. Experimental values for oat, com, rice, and bran cereals showed that actual niacin content in commercial cereals may be significantly above (111-170%) declared label values. Because manufacturers may fortify at a level higher than the declared label level to ensure shelf life compliance, these data do have significant implications when making precise estimates of niacin intake based on label claims.
C1 USDA ARS, Food Composit Lab, BHNRC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Wolf, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Food Composit Lab, BHNRC, Bldg 161, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Wolfw@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA
SN 0009-0352
J9 CEREAL CHEM
JI Cereal Chem.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 82
IS 3
BP 277
EP 281
DI 10.1094/CC-82.0277
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 928PP
UT WOS:000229284300008
ER

PT J
AU Wu, YV
   Nichols, NN
AF Wu, YV
   Nichols, NN
TI Fine grinding and air classification of field pea
SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN-FRACTIONS; LEGUME FLOURS; ACID; CYSTINE; STARCH
AB Field pea has approximate to 23% protein, 48% starch, 8% sugars, 4% lipids, 7% crude fiber, and 3% ash. Pin milling at 1 x 14,000, 3 x 14,000, 9 x 14,000, and 12 x 14,000 rpm followed by air classification according to particle size resulted in fine fractions (< 18 mu m) with high protein content and coarser fractions (< 18 mu m) with high starch content. The yield of the high protein fraction increased with the intensity of grinding before air classification. The starch content of the high starch fraction increased with the intensity of grinding and subsequent air classification. Both whole pea and dehulled pea responded well to fine grinding and air classification, and the dehulled pea gave higher protein content and higher starch content than the corresponding fraction from whole pea. The protein fraction had high lysine content and met all the amino acid requirements of the World Health Organization for children older than two years and adults.
C1 USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Nichols, NN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM nicholnn@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA
SN 0009-0352
J9 CEREAL CHEM
JI Cereal Chem.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 82
IS 3
BP 341
EP 344
DI 10.1094/CC-82-0341
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 928PP
UT WOS:000229284300018
ER

PT J
AU Barone, JR
AF Barone, JR
TI Evaluation of polymer rheology from drop spreading experiments
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE drop; polymer; processing; rheology; spreading; viscosity
ID WETTING KINETICS; SURFACE-TENSION; LIQUID-DROPS
AB In this paper, spreading experiments on "heavy" polymer drops are performed. "Heavy" refers to large polymer drops, i.e., the radius of the drop, R, is much larger than the capillary length, kappa(-1), so that the spreading is dictated by gravity. The zero-shear viscosity can be found from measurements of the time-dependent drop radius or vice versa. Viscosity values found from spreading experiments compare well with the viscosity values found from dynamic rheological experiments. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, ANRI, EQL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Barone, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, ANRI, EQL, Bldg 012,Rm 1-3,BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM baronej@ba.ars.usda.gov
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0009-2509
J9 CHEM ENG SCI
JI Chem. Eng. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 10
BP 2579
EP 2584
DI 10.1016/j.ces.2004.11.053
PG 6
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 919CM
UT WOS:000228595900005
ER

PT J
AU Motha, RP
   Baier, W
AF Motha, RP
   Baier, W
TI Impacts of present and future climate change and climate variability on
   agriculture in the temperate regions: North America
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Reductin Vulnerability of Agriculture and
   Forestry to Climate Variability and Climate Change
CY OCT   00, 2002-MAY 30, 2003
CL Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
SP WMO, Asia Pacific Network Global Change Res, Canadian Int Dev Agcy, Ctr Techn Cooperat Agricole & Rurale, CTA, Environm Agcy Republic Slovenia, Republic Slovenia, Minist Agr, Forestry & Food, Republic Slovenia, Minist Environm, Spatial Planning & Energy, FAO, Fondazione Meterorologia Applicata, Lab Meteorol & Climatol, USDA, UNEP, UCEA
ID PRECIPITATION TRENDS; CANADA; FOREST; SOILS; TREE
AB The potential impact of climate variability and climate change on agricultural production in the United States and Canada varies generally by latitude. Largest reductions are projected in southern crop areas due to increased temperatures and reduced water availability. A longer growing season and projected increases in CO2 may enhance crop yields in northern growing areas. Major factors in these scenarios analyzes are increased drought tendencies and more extreme weather events, both of which are detrimental to agriculture. Increasing competition for water between agriculture and non-agricultural users also focuses attention on water management issues. Agriculture also has impact on the greenhouse gas balance. Forests and soils are natural sinks for CO2. Removal of forests and changes in land use, associated with the conversion from rural to urban domains, alters these natural sinks. Agricultural livestock and rice cultivation are leading contributors to methane emission into the atmosphere. The application of fertilizers is also a significant contributor to nitrous oxide emission into the atmosphere. Thus, efficient management strategies in agriculture can play an important role in managing the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. Forest and land management can be effective tools in mitigating the greenhouse effect.
C1 USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
   Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada.
RP Motha, RP (reprint author), USDA, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Room 5143,S Bldg, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
EM rmotha@oce.usda.gov; WBAIER@Sympatico.ca
NR 38
TC 40
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 37
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 1-2
BP 137
EP 164
DI 10.1007/s10584-005-5940-1
PG 28
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 942EG
UT WOS:000230265100007
ER

PT J
AU Salinger, MJ
   Sivakumar, MVK
   Motha, R
AF Salinger, MJ
   Sivakumar, MVK
   Motha, R
TI Reducing vulnerability of agriculture and forestry to climate
   variability and change: Workshop summary and recommendations
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Reductin Vulnerability of Agriculture and
   Forestry to Climate Variability and Climate Change
CY OCT   00, 2002-MAY 30, 2003
CL Ljubljana, SLOVENIA
SP WMO, Asia Pacific Network Global Change Res, Canadian Int Dev Agcy, Ctr Techn Cooperat Agricole & Rurale, CTA, Environm Agcy Republic Slovenia, Republic Slovenia, Minist Agr, Forestry & Food, Republic Slovenia, Minist Environm, Spatial Planning & Energy, FAO, Fondazione Meterorologia Applicata, Lab Meteorol & Climatol, USDA, UNEP, UCEA
AB The International Workshop on Reducing Vulnerability of Agriculture and Forestry to Climate Variability and Climate Change held in Ljubljana, Solvenia, from 7 to 9 October 2002 addressed a range of important issues relating to climate variability, climate change, agriculture, and forestry including the state of agriculture and forestry and agrometeological information, and potential adaptation strategies for agriculture and forestry to changing climate conditions and other pressures. There is evidence that global warming over the last millennium has already resulted in increased global average annual temperature and changes in rainfall, with the 1990s being likely the warmest decade in the Northern Hemisphere at least. During the past century, changes in temperature patterns have, for example, had a direct impact on the number of frost days and the length of growing seasons with significant implications for agriculture and forestry. Land cover changes, changes in global ocean circulation and sea surface temperature patterns, and changes in the composition of the global atmosphere are leading to changes in rainfall. These changes may be more pronounced in the tropics. For example, crop varieties grown in the Sahel may not be able to withstand the projected warming trends and will certainly be at risk due to projected lower amounts of rainfall as well. Seasonal to interannual climate forecasts will definitely improve in the future with a better understanding of dynamic relationships. However, the main issue at present is how to make better use of the existing information and dispersion of knowledge to the farm level. Direct participation by the farming communities in pilot projects on agrometeorological services will be essential to determine the actual value of forecasts and to better identify the specific user needs. Old (visits, extension radio) and new (internet) communication techniques, when adapted to local applications, may assist in the dissemination of useful information to the farmers and decision makers. Some farming systems with an inherent resilience may adapt more readily to climate pressures, making long-term adjustments to varying and changing conditions. Other systems will need interventions for adaptation that should be more strongly supported by agrometeorological services for agricultural producers. This applies, among others, to systems where pests and diseases play an important role. Scientists have to guide policy makers in fostering an environment in which adaptation strategies can be effected. There is a clear need for integrating preparedness for climate variability and climate change. In developed countries, a trend of higher yields, but with greater annual fluctuations and changes in cropping patterns and crop calendars can be expected with changing climate scenarios. Shifts in projected cropping patterns can be disruptive to rural societies in general. However, developed countries have the technology to adapt more readily to the projected climate changes. In many developing countries, the present conditions of agriculture and forestry are already marginal, due to degradation of natural resources, the use of inappropriate technologies and other stresses. For these reasons, the ability to adapt will be more difficult in the tropics and subtropics and in countries in transition. Food security will remain a problem in many developing countries.
   Nevertheless, there are many examples of traditional knowledge, indigenous technologies and local innovations that can be used effectively as a foundation for improved frming systems. Before developing adaptation strategies, it is essential to learn from the actual difficulties faced by farmers to cope with risk management at the farm level. Agrometeorologists must play an important role in assisting farmers with the development of feasible strategies to adapt to climate variability and climate change. Agrometeorologists should also advise national policy makers on the urgent need to cope with the vulnerabilities of agriculture and forestry to climate variability and climate change. The workshop recommendations were largely limited to adaptation. Adaptation to the adverse effects of climate variability and climate change is of high priority for nearly all countries, but developing countries are particularly vulnerable. Effective measures to cope with vulnerability and adaptation need to be developed at all levels. Capacity building must be integrated into adaptation measures for sustainable agricultural development strategies. Consequently, nations must develop strategies that effectively focus on specific regional issues to promote sustainable development.
C1 Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Auckland, New Zealand.
   World Meterol Org, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
   USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP Salinger, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, POB 109-695, Auckland, New Zealand.
EM j.salinger@niwa.co.nz
NR 30
TC 53
Z9 56
U1 3
U2 193
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 1-2
BP 341
EP 362
DI 10.1007/s10584-005-5954-8
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 942EG
UT WOS:000230265100018
ER

PT J
AU Gibbs, SEJ
   Hoffman, DM
   Stark, LM
   Marlenee, NL
   Blitvich, BJ
   Beaty, BJ
   Stallknecht, DE
AF Gibbs, SEJ
   Hoffman, DM
   Stark, LM
   Marlenee, NL
   Blitvich, BJ
   Beaty, BJ
   Stallknecht, DE
TI Persistence of antibodies to West Nile virus in naturally infected rock
   pigeons (Columba livia)
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; BIRDS; TRANSMISSION; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS
AB Wild caught rock pigeons (Columba livia) with antibodies to West Nile virus were monitored for 15 months to determine antibody persistence and compare results of three serologic techniques. Antibodies persisted for the entire study as detected by epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and plaque reduction neutralization test. Maternal antibodies in squabs derived from seropositive birds persisted for an average of 27 days.
C1 Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   Sch Forest Resources, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
   Bur Labs Tampa, Florida Dept Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Anthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Gibbs, SEJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM sgibbs@vet.uga.edu
NR 16
TC 65
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 5
BP 665
EP 667
DI 10.1128/CDLI.12.5.665-667.2005
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 955AM
UT WOS:000231197000016
PM 15879030
ER

PT J
AU Demory-Luce, D
AF Demory-Luce, D
TI Fast food and children and adolescents: Implications for practitioners
SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; EXPANDING PORTION SIZES; SOFT DRINK
   CONSUMPTION; EATING PATTERNS; ENERGY-INTAKE; US CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES;
   BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; OVERWEIGHT STATUS
C1 Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
RP Demory-Luce, D (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
NR 93
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC
PI GLEN HEAD
PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 USA
SN 0009-9228
J9 CLIN PEDIATR
JI Clin. Pediatr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 44
IS 4
BP 279
EP 288
DI 10.1177/000992280504400401
PG 10
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 929HQ
UT WOS:000229333100001
PM 15864359
ER

PT J
AU Peterson, BC
   Bosworth, BG
   Bilodeau, AL
AF Peterson, BC
   Bosworth, BG
   Bilodeau, AL
TI Differential gene expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, and toll-like receptors 3
   and 5 during embryogenesis in hybrid (channel X blue) and channel
   catfish
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE
   PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE development; IGF-I; IGF-II; toll-like receptors; embryogenesis; hybrid;
   channel catfish
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS;
   RAINBOW-TROUT; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BIOLOGICAL
   ACTIONS; BINDING-PROTEINS; SPARUS-AURATA; FACTOR SYSTEM
AB Insulin-like growth factors-I and-II (IGF-I and IGF-II) play important roles in growth and development of mammals. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition molecules that orchestrate the induction of early innate immune response by recognition of specific sequences. Evidence is growing that suggests a relationship between growth and immune function. The objective of the study was to examine changes in gene expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, TLR3, and TLR5 during embryogenesis and early larval development in hybrid (channel catfish x blue catfish) and channel catfish. E g samples were taken pre- and post-fertilization; embryos were collected at two stages of embryogenesis, at hatch, and at swim-up. All genes were detected in unfertilized catfish eggs. Expression levels of TLR5 and IGF-I mRNA in channel catfish and expression levels of TLR3, IGF-I, and IGF-II mRNA in hybrids increased over time (P < 0.01). Effect of time was not significant for expression of IGF-II or TLR3 mRNA in channel catfish and for TLR5 mRNA in hybrid catfish. Results of this study suggest growth (IGF-I and IGF-II) and immune (TLR3 and TLR5) associated genes could be functional and play important roles during embryogenesis and early development of hybrid and channel catfish. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Peterson, BC (reprint author), Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM bpeterson@ars.usda.gov
RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010
OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X
NR 37
TC 26
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1095-6433
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 141
IS 1
BP 42
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.03.009
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
GA 943VM
UT WOS:000230382800007
PM 15882955
ER

PT J
AU Richards, MP
   Poch, SM
   McMurtry, JP
AF Richards, MP
   Poch, SM
   McMurtry, JP
TI Expression of insulin-like growth factor system genes in liver and brain
   tissue during embryonic and post-hatch development of the turkey
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE
   PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE development; gene expression; growth; insulin-like growth factor system;
   IGF-I; IGF-II; IGF-1R; IGFBP; turkey
ID FACTOR BINDING-PROTEINS; FACTOR-I RECEPTOR; MANNOSE 6-PHOSPHATE
   RECEPTOR; FACTORS IGF-I; MESSENGER-RNA; SATELLITE CELLS; HOMOLOGOUS
   RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; FACTOR AXIS; CHICKEN; DIFFERENTIATION
AB A molecular cloning strategy employing primer-directed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was devised to sequence 1300 bp of a turkey liver-derived cDNA corresponding to the complete coding region and the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II mRNA transcript (GenBank accession no. AF074980). The turkey IGF-II gene codes for a 187 amino acid precursor protein that includes a signal peptide, the mature IGF-II hormone, and a C-terminal extension peptide comprised of 24, 67 and 96 amino acids, respectively. Turkey IGF-II showed greater than 95% sequence identity at both the nucleotide and amino acid level with chicken IGF-II. Expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF type-I receptor (IGF-IR), and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and -5 genes was quantified relative to an internal 18S rRNA standard by RT-PCR in liver and whole brain tissue on days 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26 of embryonic development, as well as at hatch (H, day 28) and at 3 weeks post-hatching (PH). Expression of liver IGF-I was low throughout embryonic development, but increased more than 8-fold by 3 weeks PH. In contrast, IGF-I was expressed in brain tissue at much higher levels than liver throughout development and this level of expression in brain increased gradually, reaching its highest point at 3 weeks PH. IGF-II was expressed at comparable levels in brain and liver tissue during embryonic development, except for transient increases in liver just prior to hatching (days 24 and 26) and at 3 weeks PH. Expression of IGF-IR declined in brain throughout development reaching its lowest level at 3 weeks PH. In liver, IGF-IR expression was lower than that of brain throughout development. An inverse relationship was observed for the expression of IGF-I and IGF-IR genes in brain, but not in liver, through 3 weeks PH. Expression of the IGFBP-2 gene increased in liver around the time of hatch (days 26-28) and declined by 3 weeks PH, whereas the level of expression of IGFBP-5, which was higher than IGFBP-2, remained fairly constant in both brain and liver throughout the developmental period studied. Our data indicates differential expression of selected genes that comprise the IGF system in the turkey during embryonic and PH growth and development. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Growth Biol Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Richards, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Growth Biol Lab, BARC E, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 200,Room 206, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM richards@anri.barc.usda.gov
NR 53
TC 10
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1095-6433
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 141
IS 1
BP 76
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2005.04.006
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology
GA 943VM
UT WOS:000230382800012
PM 15905111
ER

PT J
AU Yang, Z
   Rao, MN
   Elliott, NC
   Kindler, SD
   Popham, TW
AF Yang, Z
   Rao, MN
   Elliott, NC
   Kindler, SD
   Popham, TW
TI Using ground-based multispectral radiometry to detect stress in wheat
   caused by greenbug (Homoptera : Aphididae) infestation
SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE stress; ground-based; radiometry; crop stress detection; greenbug
   infestation; remote sensing
ID ADJUSTED VEGETATION INDEX; WINTER-WHEAT; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; LEAF
   REFLECTANCE; WATER; LEAVES; RED
AB Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)) outbreaks appear in the Great Plains almost every year and have had significant economic impacts on wheat and sorghum yields. Early detection of greenbug infestation becomes a critical part of integrated pest management (IPM) for wheat and sorghum production. We conducted a pilot study to determine the feasibility of using remote sensing techniques to detect stress in wheat caused by greenbug infestation. The purpose of this study was to characterize greenbug-induced stress in wheat using a hand-held radiometer. Reflectance data and derived vegetation indices from the 16 bands of the radiometer were analyzed statistically (SAS PROC MIXED). Results show that it is possible to detect greenbug-induced stress in wheat using a hand-held radiometer. The band centered at 694 nm and the vegetation indices derived from bands centered at 800 and 694 nm were identified as most sensitive to damage due to greenbug infestation. Broad Landsat TM bands and derived vegetation indices also showed potential for detecting stress in wheat caused by greenbug infestation. &COPY; 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Geog, Ctr Appl Remote Sensing, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA.
RP Yang, Z (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM Zhiming.yang@okstate.edu
NR 43
TC 44
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0168-1699
J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR
JI Comput. Electron. Agric.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 47
IS 2
BP 121
EP 135
DI 10.1016/j.compag.2004.11.018
PG 15
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
   Applications
SC Agriculture; Computer Science
GA 923DO
UT WOS:000228889500003
ER

PT J
AU Skagen, SK
   Kelly, JF
   Van Riper, C
   Hutto, RL
   Finch, DM
   Krueper, DJ
   Melcher, CP
AF Skagen, SK
   Kelly, JF
   Van Riper, C
   Hutto, RL
   Finch, DM
   Krueper, DJ
   Melcher, CP
TI Geography of spring landbird migration through riparian habitats in
   southwestern North America
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE desert southwest; geography; Nearctic-Neotropical migrants; riparian
   habitat; spring migration; stopover sites
ID BIRDS; STOPOVER; MIGRANTS; WARBLERS
AB Migration stopover resources, particularly riparian habitats, are critically important to landbirds migrating across the and southwestern region of North America. To explore the effects of species biogeography and habitat affinity on spring migration patterns, we synthesized existing bird abundance and capture data collected in riparian habitats of the borderlands region of the U.S. and Mexico. We determined the importance of geographic factors (longitude and latitude) in explaining variation in abundances and capture rates of 32 long-distance and three short-distance migrant species. Abundances and capture rates of 13 and I I species, respectively, increased with increasing longitude, and four species ' abundance and capture rates decreased with increasing longitude. Riparian associates, but not nonriparian species, were more abundant in western sites. Their abundance patterns were only weakly influenced by species biogeography. In contrast, biogeography did influence abundance patterns of nonriparian birds, suggesting that they choose the shortest, most direct route between wintering and breeding areas. We hypothesize that ripafian obligate birds may, to some degree, adjust their migration routes to maximize time spent in high-quality riparian zones, but they are able to find suitable habitat opportunistically when crossing more hostile landscapes. In contrast, nonriparian birds adhere more closely to a hierarchical model in which the migratory route is determined by biogeographic constraints. Conservation of riparian habitats is necessary to meet future habitat stopover requirements of many western Neotropical migrant birds. We advocate a coordinated research effort to further elucidate patterns of distribution and habitat use so that conservation activities can be focused effectively.
C1 US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
   Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
   Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
   Univ Arizona, SW Biol Sci Ctr, Sonora Desert Res Stn, US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   Univ Montana, Avian Sci Ctr, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
   US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
RP Skagen, SK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM susan_skagen@usgs.gov
RI Finch, Deborah/H-2876-2015
OI Finch, Deborah/0000-0001-9118-7381
NR 40
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 18
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 2
BP 212
EP 227
DI 10.1650/7807
PG 16
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 926PT
UT WOS:000229135800003
ER

PT J
AU Purcell, KL
   Mori, SR
   Chase, MK
AF Purcell, KL
   Mori, SR
   Chase, MK
TI Design considerations for examining trends in avian abundance using
   point counts: Examples from oak woodlands
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE avian point counts; count data; focal species; monitoring; population
   trends; power; sample size
ID STATISTICAL POWER ANALYSIS; BREEDING BIRD SURVEY; POPULATION TRENDS;
   MODELS
AB We used data from two oak-woodland sites in California to develop guidelines for the design of bird monitoring programs using point counts. We used power analysis to determine sample size adequacy when varying the number of visits, count stations, and years for examining trends in abundance. We assumed an overdispersed Poisson distribution for count data, with overdispersion attributed to observer variability, and used Poisson regression for analysis of population trends. Overdispersion had a large, negative effect on power. The number of sampling years also had an especially large effect on power. In all cases, 10 years of sampling were insufficient to detect a decline in abundance of 30% over 10 years. Increasing the sampling period to 20 years provided adequate power for 56% of breeding species at one site. The number of count stations needed for detecting trends for a given species depended primarily on observer variability. If observer variability was high, increasing the number of years and visits was a better approach than increasing the number of stations. Increasing the number of stations was most beneficial for species with low abundance or low observer variability. When the number of stations is limited by the size of the area, we recommend multiple visits to stations. For most species, multiple visits per year (six or more) for 15-20 years were needed to detect a 30% decreasing trend in 10 years with adequate power. We suggest potentially useful focal species for monitoring, such as keystone species like the Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpesformicivorus).
C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Fresno, CA 93710 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA.
   PRBO Conservat Sci, Stinson Beach, CA 94970 USA.
RP Purcell, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, 2081 E Sierra Ave, Fresno, CA 93710 USA.
EM kpurcell@fs.fed.us
RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 8
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 2
BP 305
EP 320
DI 10.1650/7595
PG 16
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 926PT
UT WOS:000229135800010
ER

PT J
AU White, JD
   Gardali, T
   Thompson, FR
   Faaborg, J
AF White, JD
   Gardali, T
   Thompson, FR
   Faaborg, J
TI Resource selection by juvenile Swainson's Thrushes during the
   postfledging period
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Catharus ustulatus; habitat use; optimal foraging; postfledging period;
   radiotelemetry; resource selection; Swainson's Thrush
ID HABITAT USE; TEMPORAL VARIATION; BIRD COMMUNITY; HOME-RANGE; FRUIT;
   MOVEMENTS; FOREST; FRUGIVORY; WILDLIFE; PLANTS
AB Resource-selection studies of passerine birds during the breeding season have mainly been limited to understanding those factors important to nesting. However, little is known about what resources are selected by juveniles that are no longer dependent on their parents. The postfledging period may be a critical part of the breeding season for independent juveniles because they must avoid predators and learn to forage on a changing resource base. We used radio-telemetry to study postfledging habitat use and resource selection of juvenile Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) in coastal California from 2000 to 2002. We generated popul ation- level contours (50% and 95% fixed-kernel) to describe habitat use by independent juveniles, and we determined juvenile resource selection by comparing vegetation characteristics at sites used by juveniles versus random sites. Juvenile Swainson's Thrushes used mixed-hardwood forest and coastal scrub during the postfledging period as well as riparian vegetation used by nesting adults. The most parsimonious predictors of resource selection were fruit abundance variables, suggesting that postfledging habitat selection by the Swainson's Thrush is best explained by the optimal-foraging hypothesis. We suggest that juvenile thrushes can track food resources in a habitat mosaic and use vegetation types distinct from what is traditionally considered Swainson's Thrush breeding habitat.
C1 Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   PRBO Conservat Sci, Stinson Beach, CA 94970 USA.
   USDA Forest Serv, N Cent Forest Expt Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP White, JD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM jdwee9@mizzou.edu
NR 51
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 17
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 2
BP 388
EP 401
DI 10.1650/7606
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 926PT
UT WOS:000229135800017
ER

PT J
AU Williams, CL
   Brust, RC
   Fendley, TT
   Tiller, GR
   Rhodes, OE
AF Williams, CL
   Brust, RC
   Fendley, TT
   Tiller, GR
   Rhodes, OE
TI A comparison of hybridization between mottled ducks (Anas fulvigula) and
   mallards (A-Platyrhynchos) in Florida and South Carolina using
   microsatellite DNA analysis
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas fulvigula; hybridization; microsatellite; mottled duck; waterfowl
ID AMERICAN BLACK DUCKS; NEW-ZEALAND; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
   GENETIC-DISTANCE; GREY-DUCKS; INTROGRESSION; POLYMORPHISM; LOCI; FLOW
AB Interspecific hybridization has been implicated in population declines for some waterfowl species within the mallard complex, and hybridization with mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) is currently considered the largest threat to mottled ducks (A. fulvigula), one North American member of that complex. We assessed genetic variation among 225 mottled ducks and mallards using five microsatellite loci, and detected significant overall differences between these species within two geographic areas. We characterized hybridization in Florida, where mottled ducks are endemic and mallards are beginning to appear on the breeding grounds, and in South Carolina, where mottled ducks were introduced outside their native range. We used Bayesian genetic mixture analysis in an attempt to distinguish between these closely related species. In Florida, we detected two distinct genetic groups, and 10.9% of our samples from Florida mottled ducks were inferred to have been hybrids. In contrast only 3.4% of Florida mallards were inferred to have been hybrids, suggesting asymmetric hybridization. Populations from different geographic areas within Florida exhibited hybridization rates ranging from 0% to 24%. These data indicate a genetic component would be appropriate in actively managing interspecific hybridization in Florida mottled ducks. In contrast, South Carolina mottled ducks and mallards cannot be differentiated.
C1 Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Vero Beach, FL 32968 USA.
   Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
   Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
RP Williams, CL (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM christen.l.williams@usda.gov
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 6
IS 3
BP 445
EP 453
DI 10.1007/s10592-005-4978-y
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 947MU
UT WOS:000230651100010
ER

PT J
AU Fontem, DA
   Olanya, OM
   Tsopmbeng, GR
   Owona, MAP
AF Fontem, DA
   Olanya, OM
   Tsopmbeng, GR
   Owona, MAP
TI Pathogenicity and metalaxyl sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans
   isolates obtained from garden huckleberry, potato and tomato in Cameroon
SO CROP PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE metalaxyl sensitivity; P. infestans; Huckleberry; potato; tomato;
   infection frequency; Cameroon
ID MATING-TYPE; POPULATIONS; FUNGICIDES; RESISTANCE; UGANDA; MEXICO
AB Late blight is a significant disease of solanaceous crops worldwide. Knowledge of pathogenicity of isolates and metalaxyl sensitivity is important for effective management of late blight. Solanaceous crops were surveyed in the highlands of west and northwest provinces of Cameroon during 2001 and 2002. A total of 233 isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected, of which 53 were from huckleberry, 104 from potato, and 76 were from tomato. The pathogenicity of the isolates were conducted on detached leaves of huckleberry, potato and tomato and, metalaxyl sensitivity was assayed on leaf disks at 18 degrees C. The results of pathogenicity tests showed that the potato, tomato and huckleberry isolates infected their primary hosts of origin as well as the other two plant hosts. The isolates of P. infestans from huckleberry were more aggressive on potato and tomato than on huckleberry. The potato isolates were most pathogenic on potato and least pathogenic on huckleberry. The tomato isolates were equally aggressive on potato and tomato, and significantly less pathogenic on huckleberry. Sensitivity of P. infestans isolates to metalaxyl varied with the geographic location where the isolates were collected and source of isolation (primary hosts). Among the 233 isolates tested for metalaxyl sensitivity, 49% were metalaxyl resistant (MR) in 2001 and 51% in 2002. The least percentage of isolates (34%) obtained huckleberry, were MR. The aggressiveness of the isolates were increased with their corresponding resistance to metalaxyl. The cross-infectivity of the isolates and their increased metalaxyl resistance suggests that integrated management options are essential for effective disease control. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
   Univ Dschang, Plant Protect Dept, Dschang, Cameroon.
RP Olanya, OM (reprint author), Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM modesto@maine.edu
NR 24
TC 14
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0261-2194
J9 CROP PROT
JI Crop Prot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 24
IS 5
BP 449
EP 456
DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2004.09.012
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 916AB
UT WOS:000228352300007
ER

PT J
AU Jung, HG
AF Jung, HG
TI Symposium - Lignin and Forage Digestibility - Lignin and Forage
   Digestibility Symposium
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Jung, HG (reprint author), USDA ARS, 411 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM jungx002@umn.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 811
EP 811
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0001sym
PG 1
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700001
ER

PT J
AU Pedersen, JF
   Vogel, KP
   Funnell, DL
AF Pedersen, JF
   Vogel, KP
   Funnell, DL
TI Impact of reduced lignin on plant fitness
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT CSSA Annual Meeting 2003
CY NOV 04, 2003
CL Denver, CO
SP CSSA, Forage & Grazing Lands Div
ID CINNAMYL-ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; ACID
   O-METHYLTRANSFERASE; CELL-WALL COMPOSITION; DOWN-REGULATION; TRANSGENIC
   ALFALFA; GROWTH-REGULATOR; FORAGE QUALITY; PEARL-MILLET; MAIZE
AB Lignin content of crop plants has been reduced by traditional plant breeding, natural and induced mutations, and insertion of transgenes. The effects of these genes and associated lower lignin content have been examined in terms of agricultural fitness or with regard to economically harvestable yields of useful plant products, or, in the case of some perennial species, survivability over multiple years. In general, crop yields are depressed by significant reductions in lignin content. Other negative effects observed in plants with lowered lignin contents include lodging and reduction of long-term survival of some perennial species. However, the interactions of genes involved in lignin metabolism with genetic background and the environment in which the low-lignin crop is cultivated are substantial. Examples are provided that demonstrate that lignin can be reduced in specific lines or populations without damaging fitness. It is concluded that it will be essential to incorporate lignin reducing genes into numerous genetic backgrounds and combinations, and evaluate the resulting lines in diverse environments, to discover optimal combinations and to obtain a true measure of value and fitness in agricultural systems.
C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, NPA Wheat Sorghum & Forage Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
   Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, NPA Wheat Sorghum & Forage Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Pedersen, JF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, NPA Wheat Sorghum & Forage Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM jfp@unlserve.unl.edu
NR 65
TC 113
Z9 131
U1 4
U2 22
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 812
EP 819
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0155
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700002
ER

PT J
AU Grabber, JH
AF Grabber, JH
TI How do lignin composition, structure, and cross-linking affect
   degradability? A review of cell wall model studies
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT CSSA Annual Meeting 2003
CY NOV 04, 2003
CL Denver, CO
SP CSSA, Forage & Grazing Lands Div
ID CINNAMYL-ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; BETA-O-4-TYPE QUINONE METHIDE; NONCYCLIC
   BENZYL ETHERS; BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSIDE; IN-VITRO; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
   DOWN-REGULATION; FERULIC ACID; HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS; TRACHEARY ELEMENTS
AB Because of the complexity of plant cell wall biosynthesis, the mechanisms by which lignin restrict fiber degradation are poorly understood. Many aspects of grass cell wall lignification and degradation are successfully modeled by dehydrogenation polymer-cell wall (DHP-CW) complexes formed with primary walls of corn Zea mays L. This system was used to assess how variations in lignin composition, structure, and cross-linking influence the hydrolysis of cell walls by fungal enzymes. Altering the normal guaiacyl, syringyl, and p-hydroxyphenyl makeup of lignin did not influence cell wall degradability; each unit of lignin depressed cell wall degradability by two units. Plants with perturbed lignin biosynthesis often incorporate unusual precursors into lignin and one of these, coniferaldehyde, increased lignin hydrophobicity and further depressed degradability by up to 30%. In other studies, lignin formed by gradual "bulk" or rapid "end-wise" polymerization of monolignols had markedly different structures but similar effects on degradability. Reductions in cell wall cross-linking, via oxidative coupling of feruloylated xylans to lignin or nucleophilic addition of cell wall sugars to lignin quinone-methide intermediates, increased the initial hydrolysis of cell walls by up to 46% and the extent of hydrolysis by up to 28%. Overall, these studies suggest that reductions in lignin concentration, hydrophobicity, and cross-linking will improve the enzymatic hydrolysis and utilization of structural polysaccharides for nutritional and industrial purposes. In ongoing work, we are developing a DHP-CW system for dicots and are investigating how cross-linking and various acylated and unusual monolignols influence the formation of lignin and the degradation of cell walls by rumen microflora.
C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jgrabber@wisc.edu
NR 120
TC 236
Z9 245
U1 5
U2 115
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
EI 1435-0653
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 820
EP 831
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0191
PG 12
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700003
ER

PT J
AU Hatfield, R
   Fukushima, RS
AF Hatfield, R
   Fukushima, RS
TI Can lignin be accurately measured?
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Lignin and Forage Digestibility
CY NOV   04, 2003
CL Denver, CO
SP Forage & Grazing Lands Div
ID BROMIDE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD; DIGESTIBILITY; WOOD
AB Forages serve an important role in providing nutrients to ruminants while providing positive benefits to the environment. Forage cell wall digestibility is incomplete because of several structural features within the wall, but digestion is mostly inversely correlated with the amount of lignification that has occurred during cell wall development. Lignin is a hydrophobic polymer formed through enzyme-mediated radical coupling of monolignols, mainly coniferyl and sinapyl alcohols. The polymer is highly resistant to degradation and generally passes through the ruminant unmodified. Though lignin is resistant to degradation, it is not easily quantified within various types of forages. Numerous methods have been developed over the years to measure lignin levels in different plant species. Most frequently used among workers involved with forage development or utilization are the acid detergent, Klason, and permanganate lignin methods. More recently, acetyl bromide has received attention as a possible lignin determination method. The acetyl bromide method is dependent on determining the absorbance of the extract in which all the lignin of a sample has been dissolved. Each of these methods gives different lignin values for the same type of forage sample. For example, acid detergent, Mason, permanganate, and acetyl bromide lignin methods give quite different values for alfalfa stems: 93, 145, 158, and 135 g lignin kg-1 cell wall, respectively. These differences can be even greater for grasses: 25, 77,45, and 92 g kg-1 cell wall from corn (Zea mays L.) stalks analyzed by acid detergent, Klason, permanganate, and acetyl bromide lignin methods, respectively. This paper will discuss the different lignin determination methods and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each as they relate to forage sample analysis.
C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecn, BR-13635900 Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
RP Hatfield, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM rdhatfie@wisc.edu
RI Fukushima, Romualdo/C-2821-2012
NR 36
TC 169
Z9 177
U1 13
U2 66
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 832
EP 839
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0238
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700004
ER

PT J
AU Wu, YQ
   Taliaferro, CM
   Bai, GH
   Anderson, MP
AF Wu, YQ
   Taliaferro, CM
   Bai, GH
   Anderson, MP
TI Genetic diversity of Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy and its
   relatedness to hexaploid C. dactylon (L.) Pers. as indicated by AFLP
   markers
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BERMUDAGRASS CYNODON; TURF BERMUDAGRASS; SPP.
AB Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy (African bermudagrass) is valued as turf and for use in interspecific hybridization with C dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon to produce turf cultivars. Little information is available regarding the magnitude of genetic variation within the taxon. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic diversity among 14 C transvaalensis accessions and to examine the phylogenetic relatedness of C transvaalensis, two hexaploid (2n = 6x = 54) C dactylon var. dactylon accessions, two C. transvaalensis by hexaploid C. dactylon var. dactylon interspecific tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) F, hybrids, and one putative tetraploid C dactylon var. dactylon by C transvaalensis triploid (2n = 3x = 27) F<INF>1</INF> <SUP>hybrid. Fluorescence-labeled amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA profiling was used to study the genetic relationships among these accessions. A total of 381 polymorphic AFLP markers were amplified from 13 primer combinations. The 14 C transvaalensis accessions and the putative triploid F, hybrid clustered into one group and had genetic dissimilarity coefficients ranging from 0.01 to 0.51. The 14 C transvaalensis accessions had genetic dissimilarity coefficients ranging from 0.01 to 0.34. The C dactylon var. dactylon accessions and the two tetraploid IT, hybrids clustered in the second group, with genetic dissimilarity coefficients ranging from 0.17 to 0.33. The tetraploid F</SUP><INF>1</INF> <SUP>hybrids were more closely related to C dactylon var. dactylon than to C transvaalensis, while the opposite was true for the putative triploid F</SUP><INF>1</INF> hybrid. The results indicate the presence of genetic diversity in C transvaalensis that could be exploited in intra- and interspecific breeding improvement.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Wu, YQ (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM yanqi@okstate.edu
NR 28
TC 19
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 848
EP 853
DI 10.2135/cropsci2003.913
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700006
ER

PT J
AU Cichy, KA
   Forster, S
   Grafton, KF
   Hosfield, GL
AF Cichy, KA
   Forster, S
   Grafton, KF
   Hosfield, GL
TI Inheritance of seed zinc accumulation in navy bean
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L; PHYTIC ACID; ABSORPTION; RATS; BIOAVAILABILITY;
   PHYTATE; DEFICIENCY; CALCIUM; TRAIT; WOMEN
AB Human zinc (Zn) deficiency is a widespread condition prevalent in people consuming grain and legume based diets. Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are frequently the major protein source in such diets. One way to reduce the incidence of Zn deficiency may be through the development of high Zn dry beans. Large variation for dry bean seed Zn concentration exists, which would aid in the development of Zn-rich cultivars. The objectives of this study were to determine the inheritance of seed Zn levels in navy bean and to measure seed phytic acid (PA) levels in relationship to seed Zn concentration as an indicator of Zn bioavailability. A high seed Zn cultivar 'Voyager' and a low seed Zn cultivar 'Albion' were used to create the F-2 and backcross populations that were field grown in 1999 and 2000. Seed Zn was measured in both years and seed phytic acid was measured in 1999. The results of this experiment suggest that a single dominant gene controls the high seed Zn concentration in the Voyager/Albion cross. In addition, phytic acid levels between the parent cultivars used in this study showed little variability and there was no strong correlation between seed Zn and PA concentrations. The development of dry bean cultivars with increased seed Zn levels should be possible through breeding.
C1 USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   N Dakota State Univ, AES Directors Off, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Hosfield, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM georgelouis@earthlink.net
NR 32
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 5
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 864
EP 870
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0104
PG 7
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700009
ER

PT J
AU Booker, FL
   Miller, JE
   Fiscus, EL
   Pursley, WA
   Stefanski, LA
AF Booker, FL
   Miller, JE
   Fiscus, EL
   Pursley, WA
   Stefanski, LA
TI Comparative responses of container- versus ground-grown soybean to
   elevated carbon dioxide and ozone
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 ENRICHMENT; PLANT-RESPONSES; GLYCINE-MAX; PHOTOSYNTHETIC
   ACCLIMATION; CROP RESPONSES; YIELD RESPONSE; WINTER-WHEAT; METAANALYSIS;
   STRESS; FIELD
AB In studies of CO<INF>2</INF><SUP>-enrichment effects on plants, the applicability of results derived from experiments using container-grown plants for predictions of future crop performance in a CO</SUP><INF>2</INF><SUP>-enriched atmosphere has been questioned. Concerns also have been expressed about plant growth studies with the air pollutant 03 in pot-grown plants. Further, since elevated CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>and O</SUP><INF>3</INF> <SUP>co-occur, studies are required with the combination of gases. In this 2-yr experiment, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plants grown in large pots (15 and 21 L) and in the ground were exposed to mixtures of CO, and 0, in open-top chambers. The CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>treatments were ambient and CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>enrichment of approximately 337 mmol mol-1 added 24 h d-1. Ozone treatments were charcoal-filtered (CF) air (23 nmol mol-1) and approximately 1.5 times ambient 03 levels (71 nmol mol-1) given 12 h d-1. Relative effects of elevated CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>and O</SUP><INF>3</INF> <SUP>on aboveground biomass and seed yield were quite similar for plants grown in pots compared with plants grown in the ground. Elevated CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>increased total seed mass and O</SUP><INF>3</INF> <SUP>suppressed it to similar magnitudes in both rooting environments. Elevated CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>also reduced the toxic effects of O</SUP><INF>3</INF><SUP>. Net photosynthesis (A) was similar while stomatal conductance (g</SUP><INF>s</INF><SUP>) was higher in pot-grown compared with ground-grown plants, possibly due to better soil moisture status. The results indicated that planting density and rooting environment affected plant morphology, but relative responses of seed yield to elevated CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>and O</SUP><INF>3</INF> were not fundamentally different between soybean plants grown in large pots and in the ground in open-top chambers.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Booker, FL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, 3908 Inwood Rd, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA.
EM fbooker@mindspring.com
NR 51
TC 28
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 11
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 883
EP 895
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0198
PG 13
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700012
ER

PT J
AU Hollman, AB
   Stier, JC
   Casler, MD
   Jung, G
   Brilman, LA
AF Hollman, AB
   Stier, JC
   Casler, MD
   Jung, G
   Brilman, LA
TI Identification of putative velvet bentgrass clones using RAPD markers
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DACTYLOIDES NUTT ENGELM; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY;
   FLOW-CYTOMETRY; CULTIVARS; POPULATIONS
AB Bentgrasses (Agrostis spp.) are extensively used on golf courses in temperate regions for putting greens, tees, and fairways. The three most commonly used bentgrasses, creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris L.), and velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.), are often difficult to identify on the basis of morphological features. As such, naturalized bentgrass clones collected from old turfs can be difficult to classify. The objective of this study was to determine if random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers could identify 319 bentgrass clones according to species, ultimately to identify desirable velvet bentgrass germplasm for breeding projects. Germplasm sources included known velvet, creeping, and colonial bentgrasses, a seed collection of putative velvet bentgrass from the Azores, Portugal, and a clonal collection of putative velvet bentgrass front old Milwaukee golf courses. Five RAPD primers produced 82 polymorphic bands. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to partition variation among groups (14.7%), among populations within groups (16.2%), and among individuals within populations (69.1%). A multidimensional scaling procedure (MDS) differentiated groups according to known species and allocated unknown plants into known clusters. The Milwaukee group was closely associated with creeping bentgrass cultivars while the Azores group associated with velvet bentgrass and colonial bentgrass. Flow cytometry confirmed ploidy levels of known and unknown clones. The clear differentiation between species suggests that RAPD markers are a useful tool for identifying bentgrass species.
C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Seed Res Oregon, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM mdcasler@wisc.edu
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 923
EP 930
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0297
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700017
ER

PT J
AU Gu, XY
   Kianian, SF
   Foley, ME
AF Gu, XY
   Kianian, SF
   Foley, ME
TI Seed dormancy imposed by covering tissues interrelates to shattering and
   seed morphological characteristics in weedy rice
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; HERBICIDE-RESISTANT RICE; RED RICE; CULTIVATED RICE;
   DRAFT SEQUENCE; LOCI; EVOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; WILD
AB Seed dormancy, a major adaptive trait in plants, facilitates the survival of weeds and provides for resistance to preharvest sprouting (PHS) in cereal crops. Seventeen weedy strains and 24 cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were evaluated for germinability to screen for donors of dormancy genes. Extremely dormant genotypes were identified from the weedy strains. These genotypes displayed hull-and pericarp/testa-imposed dormancy. Three dormant weedy strains, LD, TKN12-2, and SS18-2, were crossed and backcrossed with the nondormant breeding line EM93-1 to determine the relationship between dormancy and the shattering, awn, hull color, and pericarp/ testa color characteristics. All these characteristics interrelated to the covering-imposed dormancy; the weedy forms of the characteristics significantly reduced germination in the BC11F populations. Moreover, multiple linear regression analyses revealed significant effects of interaction between the characteristics on dormancy in the populations. The interrelation and interaction reflect the importance of combined effects of dormancy and other weedy characteristics in the adaptation of weedy populations to agroecosystems, and suggest that domestication and breeding activities have eliminated dormancy alleles at loci near the genes for shattering and the morphological characteristics cl from improved cultivars.
C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   Yangzhou Univ, Coll Agr, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China.
RP Foley, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM foleym@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 20
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 12
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 948
EP 955
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0339
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700020
ER

PT J
AU Tarr, AB
   Moore, KJ
   Dixon, PM
AF Tarr, AB
   Moore, KJ
   Dixon, PM
TI Spectral reflectance as a covariate for estimating pasture productivity
   and composition
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL PROPERTIES; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; OPTIMAL INTERPOLATION;
   CO-REGIONALIZATION; LATE LEAFSPOT; POD YIELD; NITROGEN; PEANUT;
   RADIOMETRY; QUALITY
AB Pasturelands are inherently variable. It is this variability that makes sampling as well as characterizing an entire pasture difficult. Measurement of plant canopy reflectance with a ground-based radiometer offers an indirect, rapid, and noninvasive characterization of pasture productivity and composition. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the relationships between easily collected canopy reflectance data and pasture biomass and species composition and (ii) to determine if the use of pasture reflectance data as a covariate improved mapping accuracy of biomass, percentage of grass cover, and percentage of legume cover across three sampling schemes in a central Iowa pasture. Reflectance values for wavebands most highly correlated with biomass, percentage of grass cover, and percentage of legume cover were used as covariates. Cokriging was compared with kriging as a method for estimating these parameters for unsampled sites. The use of canopy reflectance as a covariate improved prediction of grass and legume percentage of cover in all three sampling schemes studied. The prediction of above-ground biomass was not as consistent given that improvement with cokriging was observed with only one of the sampling schemes because of the low amount of spatial continuity of biomass values. An overall improvement in root mean square error (RMSE) for predicting values for unsampled sites was observed when cokriging was implemented. Use of rapid and indirect methods for quantifying pasture variability could provide useful and convenient information for more accurate characterization of time consuming parameters, such as pasture composition.
C1 USDA, NASS, Des Moines, IA 50309 USA.
   Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Tarr, AB (reprint author), USDA, NASS, Des Moines, IA 50309 USA.
EM Alison_Tarr@nass.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 5
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 996
EP 1003
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0004
PG 8
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700025
ER

PT J
AU Franco, J
   Crossa, J
   Taba, S
   Shands, H
AF Franco, J
   Crossa, J
   Taba, S
   Shands, H
TI A sampling strategy for conserving genetic diversity when forming core
   subsets
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MODIFIED LOCATION MODEL; CONTINUOUS-VARIABLES; MAIZE ACCESSIONS;
   CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; COLLECTION; RESOURCES; GERMPLASM; ATTRIBUTES; MARKERS
AB When forming core subsets, accessions from a collection are classified into clusters, and then samples are drawn from the clusters with the aim of maintaining the diversity of the collection. In a stratified sampling strategy, the allocation method provides a criterion for determining the number of accessions to be selected from each cluster. This paper proposes an allocation method (D method) and compares it with three other allocation methods (L, LD, and NY methods). In these allocation methods, the number of accessions sampled per cluster is proportional to (i) the mean of the Gower's distance between accessions within the cluster (D method), (if) the logarithm of the cluster size (L method), (iii) the product of the cluster size times the mean Gower distance (NY method), and (iv) the product of the logarithm of the cluster size times the mean Gower distance (LD method). Five hundred independent stratified random samples with two sampling intensities (10 and 20%) were obtained from four datasets. The allocation methods were compared on the basis of three criteria: diversity of the samples, recovery of the range of variables in the sample, and variances of the samples. Results showed that the D method produced samples (i) with significantly more diversity than the other allocation methods, (ii) that recovered more of the range of the variables, (iii) with higher variances for the continuous variables than the other three methods, and (iv) with variances higher than the variance among accessions of the collection. A sampling intensity of 10% preserves the same or more variability than a sampling intensity of 20%.
C1 CIMMYT, Biometr & Stat Unit, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico.
   Univ Republica, Fac Agron, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay.
   CIMMYT, Maize Genet Resources Unit, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico.
   USDA ARS, NCGRP, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Crossa, J (reprint author), CIMMYT, Biometr & Stat Unit, Apdo Postal 6-641, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico.
EM j.crossa@cgiar.org
OI Crossa, Jose/0000-0001-9429-5855
NR 34
TC 50
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 9
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1035
EP 1044
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0292
PG 10
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700030
ER

PT J
AU Glover, MA
   Willmot, DB
   Darrah, LL
   Hibbard, BE
   Zhu, XY
AF Glover, MA
   Willmot, DB
   Darrah, LL
   Hibbard, BE
   Zhu, XY
TI Diallel analyses of agronomic traits using Chinese and US maize
   germplasm
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COMBINING ABILITY; EXOTIC GERMPLASM; PARENTAL LINES; CORN BELT;
   REGISTRATION; HETEROSIS; POPULATIONS
AB Added genetic diversity among commercial maize (Zea mays L) hybrids may further increase yields and safeguard against vulnerability. Introducing exotic germplasm into breeding programs would increase the genetic base from which elite commercial inbreds are derived. Ten populations of maize, created from Chinese and/or U.S. inbreds or strains, were evaluated by Griffing's diallel analysis for combining ability of grain yield, stalk lodging, ear height, flowering time, and European corn borer (ECB; Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner) resistance to estimate their potential as sources of exotic germplasm for U.S. breeding programs. Grain yield general combining ability was largest for the population Mo17 Syn.(H14)C5, a synthetic improved by half-sib selection using US13 as a tester. Grain yield specific combining ability was largest in the cross Chinese Mix 2 X Mo17 Syn.(H14)C5. Chinese Mix 2 X Mo17 Syn.(H14)C5 had more stalk lodging than the B73 X Mo17 and Pioneer Brand 3394 checks. Because of the high yield potential and other moderate-to-good agronomic traits of the cross combination, Chinese Mix 2 was selected as the best population for selection. Its large specific combining ability effect with Lancaster type material, which is commonly known in breeding programs, shows potential for further improvement. No native ECB resistance in Chinese germplasm was detected (two environments in 1 yr) compared with the resistant check Pioneer Brand 3184.
C1 USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Agilent Technol, Wilmington, DE 19808 USA.
   Univ Missouri, Dept Entomol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Darrah, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM DarraHL@missouri.edu
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1096
EP 1102
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0493
PG 7
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700039
ER

PT J
AU Stiller, WN
   Read, JJ
   Constable, GA
   Reid, PE
AF Stiller, WN
   Read, JJ
   Constable, GA
   Reid, PE
TI Selection for water use efficiency traits in a cotton breeding program:
   Cultivar differences
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM-L; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE;
   DRYLAND CONDITIONS; GRAIN-YIELD; WHEAT; VARIABILITY; STRESS; PLANTS;
   PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB Water stress adversely affects both yield and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and any improvement in components of water use efficiency (WUE) would he expected to partially reduce these adverse affects. Six field experiments in Australia and one in Texas using four Australian and three Texas cultivars determined genetic differences in physiological WUE parameters. Four of the experiments were grown under dryland conditions and three under irrigated conditions. Cultivar differences for net photosynthesis (D) were found in only 30% of comparisons, ratio of intercellular CO<INF>2</INF> <SUP>concentration to ambient CO</SUP><INF>2</INF> <SUP>concentration (C</SUP><INF>i</INF><SUP>/C</SUP><INF>a</INF><SUP>) in 20%, and carbon isotope 13C discrimination (D) in 69%. Cultivars Cascot 014 and Sicot 189 had significantly (P 0.05) higher D than Siokra 1-4 and Siokra L23 and these differences were consistent across experiments. A significant (P 0.05) cultivar X experiment interaction suggests C</SUP><INF>i</INF><SUP>/C</SUP><INF>a</INF> would be an environment specific measure enabling confident distinction of cultivar differences. Tamcot Sphinx and Cascot 014 had significantly higher D (P 0.001) than Siokra L23, with the ranking differing in only one irrigated experiment. Broad sense heritability estimates were 0.65, 0.68, and 0.56 for it, D, and lint yield, respectively. Cultivar variation for these physiological traits measured in single leaves of cotton, and related indirectly to plant WUE, indicate potential for genetic advancement through selection. Further studies to determine heritability of these physiological traits in segregating populations are needed to confirm their usefulness in a cotton-breeding program.
C1 CSIRO, Plant Ind, Cotton Res Unit, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia.
   USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Stiller, WN (reprint author), CSIRO, Plant Ind, Cotton Res Unit, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia.
EM warwick.stiller@csiro.au
RI Stiller, Warwick/B-9777-2011; Constable, Greg/F-1069-2011
NR 48
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 16
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1107
EP 1113
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0545
PG 7
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700041
ER

PT J
AU Meredith, WR
AF Meredith, WR
TI Minimum number of genes controlling cotton fiber strength in a backcross
   population
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE CHARACTER; GOSSYPIUM COTTON; UPLAND COTTON; REGISTRATION;
   SELECTION
AB Textile mills in the USA require strong cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsatum L.) for modern high-speed textile operations. The primary objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of strength descending from FTA 263-20 (FTA). FTA was developed by introgression into G. hirsutum from G. arboreum L., G. thurberii Todaro, and G. barbadense L. Five backcrosses (BCs) into 'Deltapine 16' (DP 16) followed by six BCs into DP 90ne were made. In 2001, three sets of 64 BC6 (F)(:F)(2)(3) progenies were evaluated for strength. Significant variability for F2:F3 strength (F = 2.79), yield, three yield components, and four other fiber traits were detected. From a three replication test, strength gene number(s) estimates ranged from 1.10 to 1.29 and combined over sets was 1.23 genes. Average strength for the three BC5 parents was 10.3% greater than DP 90ne and yield was 16.9% less. Strength was highly correlated with lint percentage, boll weight, seed weight, and 2.5% span length. Gene numbers for these correlated traits ranged from 0.02 for micronaire to 1.04 for yield. A separate study involving the BC5 parents, 'Deltapine 90' (DP 90) and DP 90ne was used to determine the major physical components of strength. Fineness and individual fiber strength had no effect. Short fiber content significantly impacted strength as the three BC5 parents average short fiber was 6.7 versus 8.7% for the DP 90s. The BC5 parents average strength was 11% higher, 240 vs. 219 kN m kg-1, and its yield was 9.0% lower than DP 90ne. Probably a single major gene or closely linked cluster of genes resulted in increased fiber strength.
C1 USDA ARS, CG&P, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Meredith, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS, CG&P, POB 314, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM wmeredith@ars.usda.gov
NR 25
TC 22
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1114
EP 1119
DI 10.2135/cropsci2003.0425
PG 6
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700042
ER

PT J
AU Mergoum, M
   Frohberg, RC
   Miller, JD
   Stack, RW
AF Mergoum, M
   Frohberg, RC
   Miller, JD
   Stack, RW
TI Registration of 'Steele-ND' wheat
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM mohamed.mergoum@ndsu.nodak.edu
RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014
NR 1
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1163
EP 1164
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.308CV
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700050
ER

PT J
AU Bregitzer, P
   Mornhinweg, DW
   Hammon, R
   Stack, M
   Baltensperger, DD
   Hein, GL
   O'Neill, MK
   Whitmore, JC
   Bregitzer, P
AF Bregitzer, P
   Mornhinweg, DW
   Hammon, R
   Stack, M
   Baltensperger, DD
   Hein, GL
   O'Neill, MK
   Whitmore, JC
   Bregitzer, P
TI Registration of 'Burton' barley
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; RESISTANCE; GERMPLASM
C1 USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA.
   Univ Idaho, Tetonia, ID 83436 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Grand Junction, CO 81502 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Yellow Jacket, CO 81335 USA.
   Univ Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA.
   New Mexico State Univ, Farmington, NM 87499 USA.
RP Bregitzer, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA.
EM pbregit@uidaho.edu; pbregit@uidaho.edu
NR 10
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1166
EP 1167
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0461CV
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700053
ER

PT J
AU Jensen, KB
   Larson, SR
   Waldron, BL
AF Jensen, KB
   Larson, SR
   Waldron, BL
TI Registration of 'Mustang' Altai wildrye
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RYEGRASS; AFLP
C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM kevin@cc.usu.edu
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1168
EP 1169
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0165CV
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700055
ER

PT J
AU Panella, L
   Lewellen, RT
AF Panella, L
   Lewellen, RT
TI Registrations of germplasms - Registration of FC201, a heterogeneous,
   disease-resistant, monogerm, O-type sugarbeet population
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RHIZOMANIA; FIELD
C1 USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
   US Agric Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
RP Panella, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM Lee.Panella@ars.usda.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1169
EP 1170
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.057GP
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700056
ER

PT J
AU Rutger, JN
   Bryant, RJ
   Bernhardt, JL
   Gibbons, JW
AF Rutger, JN
   Bryant, RJ
   Bernhardt, JL
   Gibbons, JW
TI Registration of nine indica germplasms of rice
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
C1 USDA ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
   Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
RP Rutger, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 1090, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM jnrutger@spa.ars.usda.gov
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1170
EP 1171
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0244GP
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700057
ER

PT J
AU Bourland, FM
   Johnson, JT
   Jones, DC
AF Bourland, FM
   Johnson, JT
   Jones, DC
TI Registration of Arkot 8712 germplasm line of cotton
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
C1 Univ Arkansas, NE Res & Extens Ctr, Keiser, AR 72351 USA.
   USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
   Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA.
RP Bourland, FM (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, NE Res & Extens Ctr, POB 48, Keiser, AR 72351 USA.
EM bourland@uark.edu
NR 7
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1173
EP 1174
DI 10.2135/cropsci2004.0452GP
PG 2
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 926EL
UT WOS:000229105700060
ER

PT J
AU Morrison, LW
   Korzukhin, MD
   Porter, SD
AF Morrison, LW
   Korzukhin, MD
   Porter, SD
TI Predicted range expansion of the invasive fire ant, Solenopsis invicta,
   in the eastern United States based on the VEMAP global warming scenario
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE biological invasions; climate change; Formicidae; global warming;
   Solenopsis invicta; VEMAP
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; COLONY-GROWTH; NORTH-AMERICA; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE;
   RESPONSES; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; POPULATION; IMPACTS
AB The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, is an invasive pest from South America that currently occupies much of the south-eastern USA. Global warming is likely to allow range expansion of many invasive species, including S. invicta. We used a dynamic, ecophysiological model of fire ant colony growth coupled with models simulating climate change to predict the potential range expansion of S. invicta in the eastern USA over the next century. The climate change scenario predicted by the Vegetation-Ecosystem Modelling and Analysis Project (VEMAP) was used in our analyses. Our predictions indicate that the habitable area for S. invicta may increase by c. 5% over the next 40-50 years (a northward expansion of 33 +/- 35 km). As the pace of global warming is expected to quicken in the latter half of the century, however, the habitable area for S. invicta in 2100 is predicted to be > 21% greater than it currently is (a northward expansion of 133 +/- 68 km). Because the black imported fire ant, S. richteri Forel, occupies higher latitudes than S. invicta, the overall area of the eastern USA infested with invasive Solenopsis species could be greater than that estimated here.
C1 ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA.
   Inst Global Climate & Ecol, Moscow 107258, Russia.
RP Morrison, LW (reprint author), SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, 901 S Natl Ave, Springfield, MO 65804 USA.
EM llm868f@smsu.edu
NR 36
TC 26
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1366-9516
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 3
BP 199
EP 204
DI 10.1111/j.1366-9516.2005.00142.x
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 920VY
UT WOS:000228720600003
ER

PT J
AU Ramsay, TG
   Rosebrough, RW
AF Ramsay, TG
   Rosebrough, RW
TI Regulation of uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 in porcine adipose tissue
SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE uncoupling protein 2; uncoupling protein 3; adipose tissue; swine
ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENE-EXPRESSION; GROWTH-HORMONE;
   RAT ADIPOCYTES; THYROID-HORMONE; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE;
   UP-REGULATION; INSULIN
AB This study was performed to determine whether or not uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and UCP3 expression in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue are hormonally regulated in vitro and whether their expression is correlated with changes in metabolic activity. Tissue slices (approximately 100mg) were placed in 12-well plates containing 1 mL of DMEM/F12 with 25 mM Hepes, 0.5% BSA, pH 7.4. Triplicate slices were incubated with basal medium or hormone supplemented media at 37 degrees C with 95% air/5% CO2. Parallel cultures were maintained for either 2 or 24 h to evaluate metabolic viability of the tissue. Slices were transferred to test tubes containing 1 mL of DMEM/F12 with 25 mM Hepes, 3% BSA, 5.5 mM glucose, 1 mu Ci C-14-U-glucose/mL and incubated for an additional 2 h at 37 degrees C. Glucose metabolism in 2-h incubations did not differ from 24-h (chronic) incubations, indicating viability was maintained (P > 0.05). Expression of UCP2 and UCP3 was assessed in slices following 24 h of incubation with various combinations of hormones by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of UCP2 was induced by leptin (100 ng/mL; P < 0.05). Growth hormone (100 ng/mL) inhibited UCP2 expression (P < 0.05). Expression of UCP3 was inhibited by growth hormone (100 ng/mL; P < 0.05), triiodothyronine (10 nM; P < 0.05) or leptin (100 ng/mL; P < 0.05). Changes in UCP expression could not be associated with overall changes in glucose metabolism by adipose tissue slices in chronic culture. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Ramsay, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, BARC E,Bldg 200,Rm 207, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM tramsay@anri.barc.usda.gov
NR 42
TC 3
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0739-7240
J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN
JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 4
BP 351
EP 366
DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2004.12.003
PG 16
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 920NK
UT WOS:000228697200001
PM 15826771
ER

PT J
AU Peterson, BC
   Small, BC
AF Peterson, BC
   Small, BC
TI Effects of exogenous cortisol on the GH/IGF-I/IGFBP network in channel
   catfish
SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cortisol; IGFBPs; IGF-I; GH; channel catfish
ID FACTOR-BINDING-PROTEINS; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; HORMONE GENE-TRANSCRIPTION;
   MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; JUVENILE RAINBOW-TROUT; PITUITARY-TUMOR CELLS;
   IGF-I; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; MORONE-SAXATILIS
AB Glucocorticoids are known to hinder somatic growth in a number of vertebrate species. In order to better understand the mechanisms through which they may act in channel catfish, we examined the effects of feeding cortisol on the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)/IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) network. Fish (30.6 +/- 3.0 g) were fed once daily for 4 weeks and treatments included: (1) High-cortisol (dietary cortisol provided at 400 mg/kg feed), (2) Low-cortisol (dietary cortisol provided at 200 mg/kg feed), and (3) Control (commercial catfish feed). Fish fed diets with cortisol weighed approximately 50% less than Controls. Feed intake was reduced by approximately 30% in both treatments of cortisol fed fish compared to Controls. A similar to 20-kDa IGFBP was observed in plasma from High- and Low-treated fish while it was not detected in Control fish plasma. High-cortisol treatment increased pituitary GH mRNA expression approximately 10-fold while liver IGF-I mRNA expression was not different between cortisol-treated fish and Controls. Cortisol treatments decreased plasma levels of IGF-I. These data indicate that feeding cortisol for 4 weeks reduces weight gain, feed intake, and plasma levels of IGF-I and induces a similar to 20-kDa IGFBP. One mechanism through which cortisol may impede growth of catfish is through an increase in a low molecular weight IGFBP which may lead to inhibitory effects on the action of IGF-I. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
RP Peterson, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA.
EM bpeterson@ars.usda.gov
RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012
NR 65
TC 45
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0739-7240
J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN
JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 4
BP 391
EP 404
DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.01.003
PG 14
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 920NK
UT WOS:000228697200004
PM 15826774
ER

PT J
AU Liu, LS
   Chen, GY
   Fishman, ML
   Hicks, KB
AF Liu, LS
   Chen, GY
   Fishman, ML
   Hicks, KB
TI Pectin gel vehicles for controlled fragrance delivery
SO DRUG DELIVERY
LA English
DT Article
DE citronellal; controlled release; fragrance; pectin; skin adsorption
ID RELEASE; ABSORPTION; PARTITION; ENHANCERS; TERPENES; SUCROSE; SYSTEM
AB Using citronellal as a model compound, pectin gels formulations were evaluated for the controlled fragrance release by kinetic and static methods. The pectins with higher degrees of esterification induced a stronger molecular association with the nonpolar fragrance. This resulted in a prolonged duration of fragrance release and the limitation of fragrance adsorption to the receptor skin layers. The increase in pectin concentrations suppressed the fragrance release by a diffusion mechanism. Blocking the carboxyl groups of pectin with calcium ions reduces the hydrophilicity of pectin and provides physical barriers for citronellal diffusion. The pectin/calcium microparticles are promising materials for controlled fragrance release.
C1 ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
   ARS, Microbial Biophys & Residue Chem & Core Technol U, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Liu, LS (reprint author), ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM lsliu@errc.ars.usda.gov
RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015
OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1071-7544
J9 DRUG DELIV
JI Drug Deliv.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 3
BP 149
EP 157
DI 10.1080/10717540590929966
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 923PZ
UT WOS:000228923100003
PM 16025844
ER

PT J
AU Edwards, TC
   Cutler, DR
   Zimmermann, NE
   Geiser, L
   Alegria, J
AF Edwards, TC
   Cutler, DR
   Zimmermann, NE
   Geiser, L
   Alegria, J
TI Model-based stratifications for enhancing the detection of rare
   ecological events
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE classification trees; epiphytic lichens; model-based stratification;
   Northwest Forest Plan; rare lichens; sampling; species rarity
ID FORESTS; RARITY; PLANTS; TREES; PERSPECTIVES; PREDICTION; VARIABLES;
   BIOMASS; BIRDS
AB A common concern when designing surveys for rare species is ensuring sufficient detections for analytical purposes, such as estimating frequency on the landscape or modeling habitat relationships. Strict design-based approaches provide the least biased estimates but often result in low detection rates of rare species. Here, we demonstrate how model-based stratification can improve the probability of detecting five rare epiphytic macrolichens (Nephroma laevigatum, N. occultum, N. parile, Lobaria scrobiculataa, and Psuedocyphelaria rainierensis) in the Pacific Northwest. We constructed classification tree models for four more common lichens (L. oregana, L. pulmonaria, P. anomala, and P. anthraspis) that are associated with the rare species, then used the models to generate strata for sampling for the five lichen species considered rare. The classification tree models were developed using topographic and bio-climatic variables hypothesized to have direct relationships to the presence of the modeled lichen species. When the expected detection rates using the model-based stratification approach was tested on an independent data set, it resulted in two- to fivefold gains in detection compared to the observed detection rates for four of the five tested rare species.
C1 Utah State Univ, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Dept Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Siuslaw Natl Forest, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
   Bur Land Management, Oregon State Off, Portland, OR 97204 USA.
RP Edwards, TC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM tce@nr.usu.edu
RI Zimmermann, Niklaus/A-4276-2008
OI Zimmermann, Niklaus/0000-0003-3099-9604
NR 47
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 14
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 86
IS 5
BP 1081
EP 1090
DI 10.1890/04-0608
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 924DW
UT WOS:000228960000002
ER

PT J
AU Cook, WM
   Yao, J
   Foster, BL
   Holt, RD
   Patrick, LB
AF Cook, WM
   Yao, J
   Foster, BL
   Holt, RD
   Patrick, LB
TI Secondary succession in an experimentally fragmented landscape:
   Community patterns across space and time
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE community assembly; habitat fragmentation; island theory; oldfields;
   patch size and distance effects; prairie-forest ecotone; spatial
   heterogeneity; species richness; succession; turnover
ID OLD-FIELD SUCCESSION; MINNESOTA SAND PLAIN; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; HABITAT
   FRAGMENTATION; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; SPECIES
   COMPOSITION; SPATIAL DYNAMICS; PLANT SUCCESSION; FOREST PATCHES
AB Secondary succession reflects, at least in part, community assembly-the sequences of colonizations and extinctions. These processes in turn are expected to be sensitive to the size of the site undergoing assembly and its location relative to source pools. In this paper we describe patterns of succession over 18 years in an experimentally fragmented landscape created in eastern Kansas, USA, in 1984. The design of the experiment permits one to assess the influence of patch size and landscape position on successional dynamics. The general trajectory of succession follows that typical of succession in much of the eastern United States. In the initial years of the study, there was relatively little effect of patch size or distance to sources. Here we show that spatial effects in this system have become increasingly evident with time, as gauged both by repeated-measures ANOVA and ordination techniques. Woody plants have colonized more rapidly (per unit area) on large and nearby patches., Species richness at a local (within-quadrat) scale in general has increased, with slightly greater richness in large than in small patches later in the study. Temporal stability in community composition has generally been greater in large patches. Spatial heterogeneity in community composition has increased during succession, but with different patterns in large and small patches. This long-term experiment suggests that landscape structure influences many aspects of community structure and dynamics during succession, and that such effects become more pronounced with the passage of time.
C1 Arizona State Univ, Int Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER NMSU, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
   Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
   Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Kent State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
RP Cook, WM (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Int Inst Sustainabil, POB 873211, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM wcook@asu.edu
NR 91
TC 60
Z9 65
U1 12
U2 78
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 86
IS 5
BP 1267
EP 1279
DI 10.1890/04-0320
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 924DW
UT WOS:000228960000022
ER

PT J
AU Dell, CJ
   Williams, MA
   Rice, CW
AF Dell, CJ
   Williams, MA
   Rice, CW
TI Partitioning of nitrogen over five growing seasons in tallgrass prairie
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE competition for nitrogen; Konza Prairie Research Natural Area; Long-Term
   Ecological Research (LTER); microbial N demand; N cycling : N
   immobilization : N-15; plant-microbe interactions; tallgrass prairie
ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; ANNUAL GRASSLAND; FLINT HILLS; SOIL; N-15; FIRE;
   COMPETITION; RESPONSES; BLUESTEM; EXTRACTS
AB Annual spring burning of tallgrass prairie increases plant biomass production despite losses of N and lower net N mineralization. To better understand how burning influences the cycling of N in prairie, N-15 was injected to soil as NH4+, and the partitioning between plant and soil N pools was followed over five growing seasons in annually burned and unburned prairie. Applied N-15 was rapidly immobilized with < 2% and 11% of the N-15 remaining in inorganic forms six days after application in burned and unburned prairie, respectively. Seventy-seven percent (burned prairie) and 70% (unburned prairie) of the applied N-15 was initially recovered as soil organic N (oN), with a majority accounted for in microbial biomass. Plants contained similar to 20% of the applied N with the largest portion recovered from roots regardless of burning. At the end of the first growing season, only 55% of the applied N-15 was recovered from the unburned prairie, while 85% was recovered from burned prairie. The total N-15 content of the plants changed little during the first growing season, but the portion recovered in the rhizomes increased, indicating belowground N storage. Total recovery and distribution of applied N changed little from the end of the first to the end of the second season growing season. Accumulations of N-15 within the plants decreased greatly between the second and fifth growing seasons, but N lost from plants was accounted for in oN. Conservation of N by plants and tight cycling of N within. the root zone suggest mechanisms by which prairie can be a highly productive ecosystem despite limited N availability. The immobilization of potentially mineralized N within the root zone increased with burning, offsetting the loss of N to fire probably by reducing leaching and denitrification losses.
C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Dell, CJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PSWMRU, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd,Univ Pk, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM curtis.dell@ars.usda.gov
OI Williams, Mark A./0000-0002-4766-9399
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 18
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 86
IS 5
BP 1280
EP 1287
DI 10.1890/03-0790
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 924DW
UT WOS:000228960000023
ER

PT J
AU Cook, MI
   Beissinger, SR
   Toranzos, GA
   Arendt, WJ
AF Cook, MI
   Beissinger, SR
   Toranzos, GA
   Arendt, WJ
TI Incubation reduces microbial growth on eggshells and the opportunity for
   trans-shell infection
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE bird; egg laying; egg viability; eggs; hatching asynchrony; incubation;
   life history; microbial ecology
ID EGG VIABILITY; HATCHING ASYNCHRONY; BIRDS; PCR; CONSTRAINT; PASSERINE;
   CLONING; ONSET; SIZE
AB Avian eggshells harbour microbes shortly after laying, and under appropriate ambient conditions they can multiply rapidly, penetrate through shell pores, infect egg contents and cause embryo mortality. We experimentally examined how incubation affects bacterial processes on the eggshells of pearl-eyed thrashers Margarops fuscatus nesting in tropical montane and lowland forests in Puerto Rico. Bacteria and fungi grew rapidly on shells of newly laid, unincubated eggs exposed to ambient conditions, but declined to low levels on shells of eggs incubated by thrashers. Divergence in bacterial growth between incubated and exposed eggs was more marked at the montane forest than at the lowland site. Pathogenic microorganisms became increasingly dominant on shells of exposed eggs, but these groups were relatively rare on incubated eggs, where more benign, less invasive groups prevailed. Some incubation during laying may be necessary to decrease the probability of trans-shell infection by reducing the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi on eggshells, although it may increase hatching asynchrony and the likelihood of brood reduction.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.
   Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Forest Serv, Sabana Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA.
RP Beissinger, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ecosyst Sci Div, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 151 Hilgard Hall 3110, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM beis@nature.berkeley.edu
RI Beissinger, Steven/F-3809-2012; Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013
NR 31
TC 73
Z9 76
U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 8
IS 5
BP 532
EP 537
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00748.x
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 916PG
UT WOS:000228397000009
PM 21352457
ER

PT J
AU Knothe, G
   Steidley, KR
AF Knothe, G
   Steidley, KR
TI Lubricity of components of biodiesel and petrodiesel. The origin of
   biodiesel lubricity
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIESEL FUEL LUBRICITY; FATTY-ACID; LUBRICATION PROPERTIES; TRIBOLOGICAL
   BEHAVIOR; BOUNDARY LUBRICATION; METHYL-ESTERS; OIL; ADDITIVES; SURFACES
AB An alternative diesel fuel that is steadily gaining attention and significance is biodiesel, which is defined as the monoalkyl esters of vegetable oils and animal fats. Previous literature states that low blend levels of biodiesel can restore lubricity to (ultra-)low-sulfur petroleum-derived diesel (petrodiesel) fuels, which have poor lubricity. This feature has been discussed as a major technical advantage of biodiesel. In this work, the lubricity of numerous fatty compounds was studied and compared to that of hydrocarbon compounds found in petrodiesel. The effects of blending compounds found in biodiesel on petrodiesel lubricity were also studied. Lubricity was determined using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) test. Dibenzothiophene, which is contained in nondesulfurized petrodiesel, does not enhance petrodiesel lubricity. Fatty compounds possess better lubricity than hydrocarbons, because of their polarity-imparting 0 atoms. Neat free fatty acids, monoacylglycerols, and glycerol possess better lubricity than neat esters, because of their free OH groups. Lubricity improves somewhat with the chain length and the presence of double bonds. An order of oxygenated moieties enhancing lubricity (COOH > CHO > OH > COOCH3 > C=O > C-O-C) was obtained from studying various oxygenated C-10 compounds. Results on neat C-3 compounds with OH, NH2, and SH groups show that oxygen enhances lubricity more than nitrogen and sulfur. Adding commercial biodiesel improves lubricity of low-sulfur petrodiesel more than neat fatty esters, indicating that other biodiesel components cause lubricity enhancement at low biodiesel blend levels. Adding glycerol to a neat ester and then adding this mixture at low blend levels to low-lubricity petrodiesel did not improve petrodiesel lubricity. However, adding polar compounds such as free fatty acids or monoacylglycerols improves the lubricity of low-level blends of esters in low-lubricity petrodiesel. Thus, some species (free fatty acids, monoacylglycerols) considered contaminants resulting from biodiesel production are responsible for the lubricity of low-level blends of biodiesel in (ultra-)low-sulfur petrodiesel. Commercial biodiesel is required at a level of 1%-2% in low-lubricity petrodiesel, which exceeds the typical additive level, to attain the lubricity-imparting additive level of biodiesel contaminants in petrodiesel.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Knothe, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM knothegh@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 59
TC 176
Z9 179
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 3
BP 1192
EP 1200
DI 10.1021/ef049684c
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 929CW
UT WOS:000229320700065
ER

PT J
AU Ode, PJ
   Hopper, KR
   Coll, M
AF Ode, PJ
   Hopper, KR
   Coll, M
TI Oviposition vs. offspring fitness in Aphidius colemani parasitizing
   different aphid species
SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hymenoptera; Braconidae; Myzus persicae; Aphis gossypii; Schizaphis
   graminum; Rhopalosiphum padi; Homoptera; Aphididae; host use; host
   suitability; larval performance
ID ENEMY-FREE SPACE; HOST-RANGE; PLANT CHEMISTRY; ERVI HALIDAY;
   HYMENOPTERA; EVOLUTION; BRACONIDAE; PREFERENCE; POPULATIONS;
   SPECIALIZATION
AB We measured the acceptance and suitability of four aphid species [Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] (Homoptera: Aphididae) for the parasitoid Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Female parasitoids parasitized fewer R. padi than the other three aphid species, and fewer offspring successfully completed development in R. padi than in the other three host species. Sex ratios of emerging adults were more male-biased from R. padi than from the other three aphid species, suggesting that R. padi is a poor quality host for this population of A. colemani. Ovipositing A. colemani encountered R. padi at a slower rate, spent more time handling R. padi, and parasitoid offspring died at a higher rate in R. padi compared to A. gossypii. Our results show that oviposition behavior and offspring performance are correlated. In each experiment, we tested the effect of the host species in which the parasitoids developed (parental host) on the number of hosts attacked, the proportion of each host species accepted for oviposition and the survival of progeny. Parental host affected maternal body size and, through its effect on body size, the rate of encounter with hosts. Other than this, parental host species did not affect parasitism.
C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   Univ Delaware, USDA ARS BIIR, Newark, DE 19713 USA.
   Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Entomol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
RP Ode, PJ (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, 1300 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM paul.ode@ndsu.edu
OI Ode, Paul/0000-0001-7153-1077
NR 42
TC 25
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0013-8703
EI 1570-7458
J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL
JI Entomol. Exp. Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP 303
EP 310
DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2005.00261.x
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 921GK
UT WOS:000228752000003
ER

PT J
AU Bolster, CH
   Bromley, JM
   Jones, SH
AF Bolster, CH
   Bromley, JM
   Jones, SH
TI Recovery of chlorine-exposed Escherichia coli in estuarine microcosms
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTERIC BACTERIA; LAKE WATER; DRINKING-WATER; PHYSIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY;
   CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; INSITU SURVIVAL; NATURAL-WATERS;
   SEAWATER; INJURY
AB Laboratory microcosm experiments were performed to determine whether chlorine-exposed Escherichia coli are capable of recovery (i.e., increase in numbers of culturable cells) in estuarine waters and if so what water-quality parameters are responsible for this recovery. Suspensions of E. coli were exposed to 0.5 ring L-1 of chlorine for 5 min followed by dechlorination with sodium thiosulfate. The chlorine-exposed bacteria were introduced into 2-L microcosms containing estuarine water collected from the Seacoast region of New Hampshire. Culturable cells in the microcosms were enumerated at 0, 10, 24, 48, and 74 h. In all estuarine microcosms the number of culturable cells increased by factors ranging from 2.8 to 50 over the 74-h incubation period. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that ammonium and salinity were most significantly correlated with the recovery of E coli over the 74-h incubation period; however, ammonium concentrations were strongly correlated with dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen, making it impossible to determine with any degree of certainty the unique effect nitrogen or carbon had on recovery. The extensive recovery observed in our study indicates that following exposure to concentrations of chlorine that cause cell injury rather than death, numbers of culturable E coli may increase significantly when discharged into estuarine waters. Thus, depending on the effectiveness of the chlorination process, the regular monitoring of chlorinated wastewater treatment effluent may underestimate the true impact on water-quality and public health risks.
C1 USDA, ARS, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA.
   Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
   Univ New Hampshire, Jackson Estuarine Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Bolster, CH (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA.
EM cbolster@ars.usda.gov
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2005
VL 39
IS 9
BP 3083
EP 3089
DI 10.1021/es048643s
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 921RG
UT WOS:000228781700038
PM 15926556
ER

PT J
AU Chappell, MA
   Laird, DA
   Thompson, ML
   Li, H
   Teppen, BJ
   Aggarwal, V
   Johnston, CT
   Boyd, SA
AF Chappell, MA
   Laird, DA
   Thompson, ML
   Li, H
   Teppen, BJ
   Aggarwal, V
   Johnston, CT
   Boyd, SA
TI Influence of smectite hydration and swelling on atrazine sorption
   behavior
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIC ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CLAY-MINERALS; SOIL; ADSORPTION; MATTER;
   HYSTERESIS; DESORPTION; EXCHANGE; MONTMORILLONITE; EQUILIBRIA
AB Smectites, clay minerals commonly found in soils and sediments, vary widely in their ability to adsorb organic chemicals. Recent research has demonstrated the importance of surface charge density and properties of exchangeable cations in controlling the affinity of smectites for organic molecules. In this study, we induced hysteresis in the crystalline swelling of smectites to test the hypothesis that the extent of crystalline swelling (or interlayer hydration status) has a large influence on the ability of smectites to adsorb atrazine from aqueous systems. Air-dried K-saturated Panther Creek (PC) smectite swelled less (d(001) = 1.38 nm) than never-dried K-PC (d(001) = 1.7 nm) when rehydrated in 20 mM KCl. Correspondingly, the air-dried-rehydrated K-PC had an order of magnitude greater affinity for atrazine relative to the never-dried K-PC. Both air-dried-rehydrated and never-dried Ca-PC expanded to approximately 2.0 nm in 10 mM CaCl2 and both samples had similar affinities for atrazine that were slightly lower than that of never-dried K-PC. The importance of interlayer hydration status in controlling sorption affinity was confirmed by molecular modeling, which revealed much greater interaction between interlayer water molecules an atrazine in a three-layer hydrate relative to a one-layer hydrate. The entropy change on moving atrazine from a fully hydrated state in the bulk solution to a partially hydrated state in the smectite interlayers is believed to be a major factor influencing sorption affinity. In an application test, choice of background solution (20 mM KCl versus 10 mM CaCl2) and air-drying treatments significantly affected atrazine sorption affinities for three-smectitic soils; however, the trends were not consistent with those observed for the reference smectite. Further, extending the initial rehydration time from 24 to 240 h (prior to adding atrazine) significantly decreased the soil's sorption affinity for atrazine. We conclude that interlayer hydration status has a large influence on the affinity of smectites for atrazine and that air-drying treatments have the potential to modify the sorption affinity of smectitic soils for organic molecules such as atrazine.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Chappell, MA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM machap@iastate.edu
RI Li, Hui/G-4055-2010; Boyd, Stephen/G-5819-2010; Laird,
   David/E-8598-2014; Johnston, Cliff/B-2215-2009
OI Li, Hui/0000-0003-3298-5265; Johnston, Cliff/0000-0002-8462-9724
NR 35
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2005
VL 39
IS 9
BP 3150
EP 3156
DI 10.1021/es048942h
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 921RG
UT WOS:000228781700047
PM 15926565
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, DL
   Reddy, KR
   Kakani, VG
   Reddy, VR
AF Zhao, DL
   Reddy, KR
   Kakani, VG
   Reddy, VR
TI Nitrogen deficiency effects on plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, and
   hyperspectral reflectance properties of sorghum
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE sorghum; nitrogen deficiency; leaf N and chlorophyll; photosynthesis;
   leaf reflectance; reflectance ratios; plant N monitoring
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ASSIMILATION; ZEA-MAYS L.; CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION;
   CANOPY REFLECTANCE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT REFLECTANCE; REMOTE
   ESTIMATION; USE EFFICIENCY; CORN CANOPIES; GRAIN-SORGHUM
AB An experiment was conducted under outdoor pot-culture conditions to determine effects of nitrogen (N) deficiency on sorghum growth. physiology, and leaf hyperspectral reflectance properties. Sorghum (cv. DK 44C) was seeded in 360 twelve-litre pots filled with fine sand. All pots were irrigated with half-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution from emergence to 25 days after sowing (DAS). Thereafter, pots were separated into three identical groups and the following treatments were initiated: (1) the control (100 % N) continued receiving the half-strength nutrient solution; (2) reduced N to 20 % of the control (20 % N); and (3) withheld N from the solution (0 % N). Photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll (Chl) and N concentrations, and hyperspectral reflectance of the uppermost, fully expanded leaves were determined at 3- to 4-day-interval from 21 to 58 DAS during the N treatments. Plants were harvested 58 DAS to determine effects of N deficiency on leaf area (LA), biomass accumulation, and partitioning. Nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced LA, leaf Chl content and Pn, resulting in lower biomass production. Decreased leaf Pn due to N deficiency was mainly associated with lower stomatal conductance rather than carboxylation capacity of leaf chemistry. Among plant components of dry weights, leaf dry weight had the greatest and root dry weight had the smallest decrease under N deficiency. Nitrogen-deficit stress mainly increased leaf reflectance at 555 (R(555)) and 715 nm (R(715)) and caused a red-edge shift to shorter wavelength. Leaf N and Chl concentrations were linearly correlated with not only the reflectance ratios of R(405)/R(715) (r(2) = 0.68***) and R(1075)/R(735) (r(2) = 0.64***), respectively, but also the first derivatives of the reflectance (dR/d lambda) in red edge centered 730 or 740 turn (r(2) = 0.73-0.82***). These specific reflectance ratios or dR/d lambda may be used for rapid and non-destructive estimation of sorghum leaf Chl and plant N status. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
   USDA ARS, Alternate Crops & Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Reddy, KR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM krreddy@ra.msstate.edu
RI Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/J-4214-2013; 
OI Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/0000-0002-7925-4809; Reddy, Kambham
   Raja/0000-0002-7906-7755
NR 46
TC 128
Z9 153
U1 13
U2 103
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1161-0301
J9 EUR J AGRON
JI Eur. J. Agron.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 22
IS 4
BP 391
EP 403
DI 10.1016/j.eja.2004.06.005
PG 13
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 927KX
UT WOS:000229193900003
ER

PT J
AU Reeves, PG
   DeMars, LCS
AF Reeves, PG
   DeMars, LCS
TI Repletion of copper-deficient rats with dietary copper restores duodenal
   hephaestin protein and iron absorption
SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE ceruloplasmin; copper deficiency; hephaestin; iron absorption; rats
ID ANEMIA; MICE; CERULOPLASMIN; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; FERROPORTIN-1;
   MOUSE; NEUTROPENIA; FERROXIDASE; EXPRESSION
AB Copper (Cu) deficiency in rats reduces the relative concentration of duodenal hephaestin (Hp), reduces iron (Fe) absorption, and causes anemia. An experiment was conducted to determine whether these effects could be reversed by dietary Cu repletion. Five groups of eight weanling male rats each were used. Group 1 was fed a Cu-adequate diet (5.0 mg Cu/kg; CuA) and Group 2 was fed a Cu-deficient diet (0.25 mg Cu/kg; CuD) for 28 days. The rats were fed 1.0 g each of their respective diets labeled with Fe-59 (37 kBq/g), and the amount of label retained was measured one week later by whole-body-counting (WBC). Group 3 was fed a CuA diet and Groups 4 and 5 were fed a CuD diet for 28 days. Group 5 was then fed the CuA diet for another week while Groups 3 and 4 continued on their previous regimens. Rats in Groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed 1.0 g of diet labeled with Fe-59, and the amount of label retained was measured by WBC one week later. Rats were killed and duodenal enterocytes isolated for Hp protein analysis, whole blood was analyzed for hematological parameters, and various organs for Fe-59 content. CuD rats absorbed less (P < 0.05) Fe than CuA rats, the relative amount of duodenal Hp was less (P < 0.05) in CuD rats, and the CuD rats developed anemia. After the CuD rats had been repleted with Cu for one week, Fe retention rose to values even higher (P < 0.05) than those in CuA rats. After two weeks, the relative amount of duodenal Hp was higher (P < 0.05) than normal, and most signs of anemia were reversed. Liver Fe-59 was elevated in CuD rats, but was restored to normal upon Cu repletion. These findings suggest a strong association between duodenal Hp abundance and Fe absorption in the CuD rat, and that reduced Fe absorption is an important factor in the cause of anemia.
C1 USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA.
RP Reeves, PG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA.
EM preeves@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY MEDICINE
PI MAYWOOD
PA 195 WEST SPRING VALLEY AVE, MAYWOOD, NJ 07607-1727 USA
SN 1535-3702
J9 EXP BIOL MED
JI Exp. Biol. Med.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 230
IS 5
BP 320
EP 325
PG 6
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 921TC
UT WOS:000228786800005
PM 15855298
ER

PT J
AU Becnel, JJ
   White, SE
   Shapiro, AM
AF Becnel, JJ
   White, SE
   Shapiro, AM
TI Review of microsporidia-mosquito relationships: from the simple to the
   complex
SO FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st United Workshop on Microsporidia from Invertebrate and Vertebrate
   Hosts
CY JUL 12-15, 2004
CL Ceske Budejovice, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP NATO
DE microsporidia; mosquito; Brachiola algerae; Vavraia culicis; Edhazardia
   aedis
ID EDHAZARDIA-AEDIS MICROSPORA; HYALINOCYSTA-CHAPMANI MICROSPORIDIA;
   ORTHOCYCLOPS-MODESTUS COPEPODA; CULISETA-MELANURA DIPTERA; AEDES-AEGYPTI
   DIPTERA; IN-FIELD POPULATIONS; NOSEMA-ALGERAE; LIFE-CYCLE; HORIZONTAL
   TRANSMISSION; INTERMEDIATE HOST
AB Microsporidia in mosquitoes can be divided into two categories based on their life cycles and host-parasite relationships. Some species of microsporidia exhibit simple life cycles with one spore type responsible for oral (horizontal) transmission. They affect only one generation of the mosquito and are not usually host or tissue specific. Brachiola algerae (Vavra et Undeen, 1970) and Vavraia culicis (Weiser, 1947) are examples of species isolated from mosquitoes with relatively straightforward life cycles (one spore type) and simple host-parasite relationships. B. algerae and a close relative of V. culicis have also been isolated from a vertebrate (human) host but sources for these infections are unknown. In contrast to B. algerae and V. culicis, polymorohic (heterosporous) microsporidia in mosquitoes are characterized by complex life cycles involving multiple spore types responsible for horizontal and vertical transmission. They affect two generations of the mosquito and some involve an obligate intermediate host. These microsporidia are generally very host and tissue specific with complex developmental sequences comprised of unique stages and events. The microsporidium Edhazardia aedis (Kudo, 1930) is a pathogen of Aedes aegypti and does not require an intermediate host. The developmental, cycle of E. aedis is characterized by four sporulation sequences, two in the parental host and two in the filial generation. Recent speculation relative to the source of B. algerae human infection have implicated infected mosquitoes and raised concerns about the safety of mosquito microsporidia in general. The subject of this review is to compare and contrast three species of microsporidia from mosquitoes, two with broad host ranges (B. algerae and V. culicis) and one specific to mosquitoes (E. aedis). This review describes features that distinguish mosquito-parasitic microsporidia with simple life cycles and broad host ranges from truly mosquito-specific microsporidian parasites with complex life cycles.
C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA.
RP Becnel, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA.
EM jbecnel@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu
NR 76
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 14
PU FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA
PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE
PA BRANISOVSKA 31,, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 0015-5683
J9 FOLIA PARASIT
JI Folia Parasitol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 52
IS 1-2
BP 41
EP 50
PG 10
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 934KP
UT WOS:000229708000006
PM 16004363
ER

PT J
AU Nam, SH
   Choi, SP
   Kang, MY
   Koh, HJ
   Kozukue, N
   Friedman, M
AF Nam, SH
   Choi, SP
   Kang, MY
   Koh, HJ
   Kozukue, N
   Friedman, M
TI Bran extracts from pigmented rice seeds inhibit tumor promotion in
   lymphoblastoid B cells by. phorbol ester
SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE rice bran; anti-tumor-promoting bran; flow cytometry; Epstein-Barr virus
   antigen; vimentin gene
ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; CANCER-CELLS; ANTHOCYANIDINS; MECHANISMS; INDUCTION;
   ANTIGEN
AB Using flow cytometry, we quantitatively evaluated anti-tumor-promoting activity of rice bran extracts by measuring inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus early-antigen. activation (EBV-EA) induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). This assay measures anti-tumor-promoting activity and cytotoxicity of target substances using the same batch of cells. Using this short-term procedure, we have determined the anti-tumor-promoting activity of 70% ethanol-water extracts of bran (outer layer) from seeds of five pigmented rice cultivars: Jumlalocal-1, DZ 78, Elwee, LK1-3-6-12-1-1, and LK1A-2-12-1-1. The results show that, compared to an extract from the non-pigmented white cooking rice variety Chuchung, the extracts from the pigmented varieties strongly inhibited phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion in marmoset lymphoblastoid cells B95-8 in vitro. These findings may facilitate development and use of new health-promoting rice varieties. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea.
   Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
   Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agron, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
   Yeungnam Univ, Dept Human Ecol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea.
   USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea.
EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr; mfried@pw.usda.gov
OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517
NR 26
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-6915
J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL
JI Food Chem. Toxicol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 5
BP 741
EP 745
DI 10.1016/j.fct.2005.01.014
PG 5
WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA 912ZX
UT WOS:000228120400013
PM 15778014
ER

PT J
AU Mau-Crimmins, T
   de Steiguer, JE
   Dennis, D
AF Mau-Crimmins, T
   de Steiguer, JE
   Dennis, D
TI AHP as a means for improving public participation: a pre-post experiment
   with university students
SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE analytic hierarchy process (AHP); pre-post experiment; forest planning;
   public involvement; public participation; multi-criteria;
   decision-inaking; arid lands
ID ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
AB Students enrolled in a course in natural resources management and economics at the University of Arizona tested the application of the multi-criteria decision method, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to a national forest planning situation. The students first used an intuitive method and then the AHP method to express their preferences for eight possible wilderness sites that were characterized and thus differentiated by 19 criteria. The sites were located in the Coronado National Forest in southeastern Arizona, USA. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated to test for correlation between the rankings generated by the intuitive decision method and the AHP method. The Spearman's tests indicated for 16 of the 20 students a lack of correlation between individual rankings by the two methods thus suggesting that the AHP can influence preference rankings. Questionnaire responses by the students indicated that the AHP requires closer scrutiny and a more comprehensive consideration of all criteria than does an intuitive preference ranking approach. This study demonstrates that the AHP offers potential for actual application as a public participation tool. &COPY; 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Forest Expt Stn, Burlington, VT 05402 USA.
RP de Steiguer, JE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM jedes@ag.arizona.edu
OI Crimmins, Theresa/0000-0001-9592-625X
NR 29
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1389-9341
J9 FOREST POLICY ECON
JI Forest Policy Econ.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 4
BP 501
EP 514
DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2003.08.001
PG 14
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 924VK
UT WOS:000229008600003
ER

PT J
AU Roos, JA
   Donovan, G
   Nicholls, D
AF Roos, JA
   Donovan, G
   Nicholls, D
TI How does species name affect consumer choice? An analysis and
   implications for cabinet door marketers
SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Consumers choose products based on various tangible and intangible attributes. Previous research has shown that there is a difference between appearance-based and word-based evaluations of wood species. However, little research has been done on how this difference affects consumer choice. This study examined how the presence or absence of a species name affects a cabinet door's popularity in the Pacific Northwest (including Alaska). The results showed significant differences between appearance-based and species name-based preferences for cabinet doors. For example, respondents chose cherry and red oak cabinet doors more often when the doors were labeled with the species name than when they were not labeled. In contrast, red alder was chosen less often when the doors were labeled with the species name. This suggests that certain species names should be emphasized in cabinet door marketing while others should be avoided. Age and income demographic segments are analyzed and managerial implications are discussed.
C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wood Utilizat Ctr, Sitka, AK 99835 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Res Forest, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
RP Roos, JA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wood Utilizat Ctr, 204 Siginaka Way, Sitka, AK 99835 USA.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC
PI MADISON
PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA
SN 0015-7473
J9 FOREST PROD J
JI For. Prod. J.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 55
IS 5
BP 21
EP 26
PG 6
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 928GA
UT WOS:000229258100002
ER

PT J
AU Turner, JA
   Buongiorno, J
   Zhu, SS
   Prestemon, JP
AF Turner, JA
   Buongiorno, J
   Zhu, SS
   Prestemon, JP
TI The US forest sector in 2030: Markets and competitors
SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; PRODUCTS; DEMAND
AB The Global Forest Products Model was used to project international forest sector developments, conditional on the latest RPA Timber Assessment of future domestic changes in the United States. While the United States, Japan, and Europe were predicted to remain major importers of forest products out to 2030, the rapid economic growth of China would make it the world's largest market for raw wood, and intermediate and final forest products. Mexico and the Republic of Korea would also become important markets for solid wood and fiber products. The U.S. share of global exports of industrial roundwood and other paper and paperboard were predicted to increase out to 2030. In competition with the United States, it was predicted that Finland, Austria, Latvia, Chile, and New Zealand would increase their share of global sawnwood exports, and Austria and the Republic of Korea would emerge as exporters of printing and writing paper.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Forest Res, Rotorua, New Zealand.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
   Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Turner, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Forest Res, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua, New Zealand.
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 5
PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC
PI MADISON
PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA
SN 0015-7473
J9 FOREST PROD J
JI For. Prod. J.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 55
IS 5
BP 27
EP 36
PG 10
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 928GA
UT WOS:000229258100003
ER

PT J
AU Ayrilmis, N
   Kartal, SN
   Laufenberg, TL
   Winandy, JE
   White, RH
AF Ayrilmis, N
   Kartal, SN
   Laufenberg, TL
   Winandy, JE
   White, RH
TI Physical and mechanical properties and fire, decay, and termite
   resistance of treated oriented strandboard
SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID STRENGTH; BORATE; WOOD; DEGRADATION; PROTECTION; PLYWOOD
AB This study evaluated the effects of a number of chemicals on the physical and mechanical properties and fire, decay, and termite resistance of oriented strandboard (OSB) panels. Disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT), boric acid (BA), melamine phosphate (NIP), and a BA/DOT mixture were sprayed onto the furnish at varying concentrations. The panels were tested for thickness swell, water absorption, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength according to the procedures defined by ASTM D 1037. All treated panels, except those treated with BA/DOT, were found to comply with CSA 0437 requirements for mechanical properties at a 2 percent concentration level. However, thickness swell and water absorption values were higher compared to CSA 0437 standard values. Laboratory decay tests showed that treated OSB specimens were well protected from both a brown-rot fungus (Fomitopsis palustris) and a white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor). Weight losses in MP-treated OSB specimens were higher than those in boron-treated specimens. However, increased NIP content caused a decrease in weight loss. In termite tests, BA and DOT were more effective than NIP against Coptotermes formosanus. Contrary to decay test results, OSB specimens containing higher NIP concentrations showed lower resistance against termite attack. In a limited series of cone calorimeter tests, treatments did not substantially improve the fire performance of OSB. Of the treatments studied, the highest retentions of BA and BA/DOT provided some improvement in fire performance. DOT also provided some improvement but it was not commensurate with the amount of chemical added.
C1 Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Istanbul, Turkey.
   USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
RP Ayrilmis, N (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Istanbul, Turkey.
RI Kartal, Nami/E-6516-2013; Ayrilmis, Nadir/F-1573-2015
NR 27
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC
PI MADISON
PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA
SN 0015-7473
J9 FOREST PROD J
JI For. Prod. J.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 55
IS 5
BP 74
EP 81
PG 8
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 928GA
UT WOS:000229258100010
ER

PT J
AU Hunt, JF
   Supan, K
AF Hunt, JF
   Supan, K
TI Mechanical properties for a wet-processed fiberboard made from
   small-diameter lodgepole pine treetop material
SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Many federal, state, and private forests, especially in the western part of the United States, have an overabundance of fire-prone small-diameter trees, forest thinnings, and residual material. These materials are not being fully utilized as a fiber resource because there are few economical options for their use. This report looks at using treetop material to produce a structural fiberboard-like product by varying several pulping and refining conditions. The treetop material with bark was processed using a wet processing method. Resin-free experimental panels were formed and press-dried. Mechanical properties were obtained at both 50 and 90 percent moisture conditions. These panels were tested in bending and tension to determine the effects of processing on structural properties. General trends show an increase in properties with an increase in sodium hydroxide pulping and refining level. In comparison, strength properties were equal to or surpassed minimum standard hardboard properties. Results from this study will be used to design value-added three-dimensional engineered structural fiberboard panels. Three-dimensional panels are currently being developed at the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, and will provide a potential outlet for the underutilized small-diameter fiber resource.
C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
   Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Hunt, JF (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC
PI MADISON
PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA
SN 0015-7473
J9 FOREST PROD J
JI For. Prod. J.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 55
IS 5
BP 82
EP 87
PG 6
WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood
SC Forestry; Materials Science
GA 928GA
UT WOS:000229258100011
ER

PT J
AU Johnson, MC
   Peterson, DL
AF Johnson, MC
   Peterson, DL
TI Forest fuel treatments in western North America: Merging silviculture
   and fire management
SO FORESTRY CHRONICLE
LA English
DT Article
DE fire behaviour; fire hazard; fuel treatments; silviculture
AB For many years silviculture and fire management have mostly been separate forestry disciplines with disparate objectives and activities. However, in order to accomplish complex and multiple management objectives related to forest structure, fuels, and fire disturbance, these two disciplines must be effectively integrated in science and practice. We have linked scientific and management tools to develop an analytical approach that allows resource managers to quantify and evaluate the effectiveness of alternative fuel treatments in dry interior forests of western North America. The principal tool is the Fire and Fuels Extension of the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FFE-FVS) for characterizing fuel succession and fire behaviour, and for quanti,ing and visualizing stand structure. FFE-FVS provides a user-friendly framework that facilitates rapid evaluation of thinning and surface fuel treatments intended to reduce crown fire potential and fireline intensity. This approach quantifies fire hazard at small and large spatial scales, assists with treatment priorities and schedules, and generates stand and landscape visualizations that facilitate decisions about appropriate fuel treatments.
C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
RP Johnson, MC (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, 400 N 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
EM mcjohnson@fs.fed.us; peterson@fs.fed.us
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU CANADIAN INST FORESTRY
PI OTTAWA
PA 151 SLATER ST, STE 606, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5H3, CANADA
SN 0015-7546
J9 FOREST CHRON
JI For. Chron.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 3
BP 365
EP 368
PG 4
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938GL
UT WOS:000229987800034
ER

PT J
AU Littell, JS
   Peterson, DL
AF Littell, JS
   Peterson, DL
TI A method for estimating vulnerability of Douglas-fir growth to climate
   change in the northwestern US
SO FORESTRY CHRONICLE
LA English
DT Article
DE Douglas-fir; Pseudotsuga menziesii; climate variability; climate
   impacts; mechanism-response; tree rings; growth-climate relationships
ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; UNITED-STATES; FORESTS; MOUNTAINS; RESPONSES;
   IMPACTS; TERRAIN; SALMON; WATER
AB Borrowing from landscape ecology, atmospheric science, and integrated assessment, we aim to understand the complex interactions that determine productivity in montane forests and utilize such relationships to forecast montane forest vulnerability under global climate change. Specifically, we identify, relationships for precipitation and temperature that govern the spatiotemporal variability in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) growth by seeking similarities in patterns of growth/climate models across a significant portion of the climatological range of the species. In the 21(st) century and beyond, sustainable forestry will depend on successful adaptation to the impacts of climate change and climate variability on forest structure and function. The combination of these foci will allow improved prediction of the fate of montane forests over a wide range of biogeoclimatic conditions in western North America and thus allow improved management strategies for adapting to climate change. We describe a multi-disciplinary strategy for analyzing growth variability as a function of climate over a broad range of local-to-regional influences and demonstrate the efficacy of this sampling method in defining regional gradients of growth-limiting factors.
C1 Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Fire & Mt Ecol Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   JISAO, CSES Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
RP Littell, JS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Fire & Mt Ecol Lab, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jlittell@u.washington.edu; peterson@fs.fed.us
RI Dolk, Shaun/B-5656-2012
NR 23
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 13
PU CANADIAN INST FORESTRY
PI OTTAWA
PA 151 SLATER ST, STE 606, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5H3, CANADA
SN 0015-7546
J9 FOREST CHRON
JI For. Chron.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 3
BP 369
EP 374
PG 6
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 938GL
UT WOS:000229987800035
ER

PT J
AU Flaherty, JE
   Dunkle, LD
AF Flaherty, JE
   Dunkle, LD
TI Identification and expression analysis of regulatory genes induced
   during conidiation in Exserohilum turcicum
SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE quantitative real-time PCR; suppression subtractive hybridization;
   photomorphogenesis; signal transduction; northern corn leaf blight
ID ULTRAVIOLET REVERSIBLE PHOTOREACTION; BLUE-LIGHT PHOTORECEPTOR;
   REAL-TIME PCR; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; ALTERNARIA-TOMATO; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA;
   WHITE COLLAR-1; HELMINTHOSPORIUM-TURCICUM; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES;
   SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION
AB Light influences numerous developmental and biochemical processes in fungi. The objectives of this research were to characterize the influence of light on growth and conidiation and associated gene expression in the plant pathogenic ascomycete, Exserohilum turcicum. We found that vegetative growth was more extensive in light/dark cycles than in constant light or darkness as measured by analysis of ergosterol content and genomic DNA. Cultures grown under continuous white light or blue light (similar to 465-480 nm) were developmentally arrested after the formation of conidiophores, whereas those grown in continuous darkness or a light/dark cycle produced mature conidia. Incubation of conidiophore-producing cultures in darkness for a minimum of 2 h was necessary and sufficient to initiate synchronous conidiation. To identify genes that are expressed during dark-induced conidiation, we constructed subtractive cDNA libraries from cultures grown under conidiation-permissive and -repressive conditions. From 816 sequenced EST clones in the conidiation-permissive and 3 10 in the repressive libraries, 12 putative regulatory genes were chosen for expression analysis by quantitative real-time PCR. The majority of those genes reached maximum expression by 2 h after initiation of the dark period and then declined to initial levels by 4-24 h in darkness. Expression of two dark-induced genes remained elevated after 24 h in darkness but was reset to initial levels if cultures were returned to light. This study revealed several genes whose expression increased rapidly after dark induction of conidiation, suggesting that they encode regulators of asexual development in E. turcicum. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Dunkle, LD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM dunkle@purdue.edu
NR 59
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1087-1845
J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL
JI Fungal Genet. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 5
BP 471
EP 481
DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2005.02.001
PG 11
WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology
GA 917LS
UT WOS:000228464000010
PM 15809011
ER

PT J
AU Gillaspie, AG
   Hopkins, MS
   Dean, RE
AF Gillaspie, AG
   Hopkins, MS
   Dean, RE
TI Determining genetic diversity between lines of Vigna unguiculata
   subspecies by AFLP and SSR markers
SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA marker; germplasm; taxonomy; Vigna unguiculata L.; Walp
AB AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) and SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers were utilized to assess genetic diversity and relatedness between Vigna unguiculata subspecies. Three AFLP primer combinations and 10 SSR primer sets successfully identified closely related accessions, and the presence of heterogeneity in some accessions. AFLP methodology was successful in separating different species of Vigna. However, the level of intra-subspecies variation was as great as was the interspecies variation with both marker methods. The number of markers employed was insufficient to successfully group the subspecies into distinct clades.
C1 ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
RP Gillaspie, AG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
EM ggillaspie@ars-grin.gov
NR 10
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-9864
J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV
JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 52
IS 3
BP 245
EP 247
DI 10.1007/s10722-004-6693-9
PG 3
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA 950CI
UT WOS:000230834800004
ER

PT J
AU He, Z
   Ohno, T
   Erich, MS
   Honeycutt, CW
AF He, Z
   Ohno, T
   Erich, MS
   Honeycutt, CW
TI Impacts of iron and aluminum ions on solubility of phosphates associated
   with natural organic matter
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 15th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference
CY MAY, 2005
CL Moscow, ID
C1 USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
   Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM zhe@maine.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 69
IS 10
SU S
BP A543
EP A543
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 930EX
UT WOS:000229399701468
ER

PT J
AU Schoeneberger, PJ
   Wysocki, DA
AF Schoeneberger, PJ
   Wysocki, DA
TI Hydrology of soils and deep regolith: A nexus between soil geography,
   ecosystems and land management
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Joint Conference of the
   Soil-and-Water-Conservation-Society/Soil-Science-Society-of-America
CY AUG 04-08, 2001
CL MYRTLE BEACH, SC
SP Soil Water Conservat Soc (SWCS), Soil Sci Soc Amer (SSSA)
DE soil hydrology; regolith; hydrogeology; deep soils; water movement
ID CLASSIFICATION; SAPROLITE; WETLANDS; TERRAIN; OREGON; PLAIN; MODEL; FLOW
AB Soils and climate control the internal movement of water in and through regolith. This dynamic process, called soil hydrology (also called hydropedology), can be approached within a framework of conceptual models that combine the influences of regional climate (with local variations), stratigraphy (pedo- and geo-stratigraphic circumstances) and topography (macro- and micro-topography). When combined, these elements can provide a practical understanding and prediction of how and where water in the vadose zone will typically move within a landscape. These conceptual models can also be extended to larger land areas, with adjustments made as the elements, such as stratigraphy, vary. In situations where highly detailed monitoring is not cost-effective, soil hydrology provides a means of incorporating what is known about water flow into our understanding, presentation and use of the soilscape. Soil hydrology can, in turn, be used to explain soil features (soil morphology), distributions (soil geography) and ecosystem functions (dynamics). It can also be used to guide land management decisions by providing a basis for partitioning the landscape into subsets with different input tolerances. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA.
RP Schoeneberger, PJ (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA.
EM philip.schoeneberger@usda.gov
NR 48
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 126
IS 1-2
BP 117
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.11.010
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 913LG
UT WOS:000228152500008
ER

PT J
AU Wysocki, DA
   Schoeneberger, PJ
   LaGarry, HE
AF Wysocki, DA
   Schoeneberger, PJ
   LaGarry, HE
TI Soil surveys: A window to the subsurface
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Joint Conference of the
   Soil-and-Water-Conservation-Society/Soil-Science-Society-of-America
CY AUG 04-08, 2001
CL MYRTLE BEACH, SC
SP Soil Water Conservat Soc (SWCS), Soil Sci Soc Amer (SSSA)
DE block diagram; lithostratigraphy; parent material; pedostratigraphy;
   soil survey; substrata
ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SAPROLITE; PALOUSE; IDAHO
AB Soils and underlying parent materials form a continuous system we must understand and manage in total. Numerous concerns (e.g., water quality, on-site waste disposal, landfill placement, and nutrient or pesticide movement) require an integrated knowledge and understanding of soil, the soil-to-substratum transition, and the deeper substratum. Soil C-horizons can exceed the thickness of the overlying A and B-horizons and contain unique morphological properties. The subsolum including C-horizons receives less descriptive emphasis than upper soil horizons. Soil scientists map and classify soils mainly on A and B-horizon properties. Soil forming and hydrologic processes that impart morphological features, however, extend considerably below these horizons. Precise adherence to Soil Taxonomy places an arbitrary constraint on field observations at 2 in. Soil scientists routinely observe C and R horizons and deeper underlying substrata in gravel pits, road cuts, barrow pits, foundation excavations, and drill cores, but provide less documentation than for upper horizons. Parent material and stratigraphy need more consideration in soil map unit design and delineation. Field observations by soil scientists below 2 in are crucial for understanding the subsolum (i.e., the morphology of, and relationships of solum to substratum). Soil surveys can convey concise and more descriptive soil-to-substrata information with little added effort or resources. Soil surveys can accomplish this end by use of block diagrams, parent material maps, and geomorphic maps that include both pedostratigraphic and lithostratigrapbic detail. Soil surveys must develop soil and map unit descriptions linked to measured sections and named stratigraphic units, and describe and analyze soils and parent materials to greater depths (> 2 m). We use case examples to demonstrate these concepts. Soil-to-substrata documentation and presentation conveys crucial information to soil survey users. Soil-to-substrata relationships identified and recorded during a soil survey create a knowledge window to the subsurface. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Lincoln, NE 68505 USA.
   Univ Nebraska, Conservat & Survey Div, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Wysocki, DA (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Lincoln, NE 68505 USA.
EM Doug.Wysocki@nsse.nrcs.usda.gov
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 126
IS 1-2
BP 167
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.11.012
PG 14
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 913LG
UT WOS:000228152500012
ER

PT J
AU Murthy, R
   Barron-Gafford, G
   Dougherty, PM
   Engel, VC
   Grieve, K
   Handley, L
   Klimas, C
   Potosnak, MJ
   Zarnoch, SJ
   Zhang, JW
AF Murthy, R
   Barron-Gafford, G
   Dougherty, PM
   Engel, VC
   Grieve, K
   Handley, L
   Klimas, C
   Potosnak, MJ
   Zarnoch, SJ
   Zhang, JW
TI Increased leaf area dominates carbon flux response to elevated CO2 in
   stands of Populus deltoides (Bartr.)
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE eastern cottonwoods; high CO2; poplar; scaling; soil moisture stress;
   system net CO2 exchange; VPD
ID VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE;
   PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS; WATER RELATIONS; SUMMER
   DROUGHT; GLOBAL CHANGE; GAS-EXCHANGE; FOREST
AB We examined the effects of atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil moisture stress (SMS) on leaf- and stand-level CO2 exchange in model 3-year-old coppiced cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) plantations using the large-scale, controlled environments of the Biosphere 2 Laboratory. A short-term experiment was imposed on top of continuing, long-term CO2 treatments (43 and 120 Pa), at the end of the growing season. For the experiment, the plantations were exposed for 6-14 days to low and high VPD (0.6 and 2.5 kPa) at low and high volumetric soil moisture contents (25-39%). When system gross CO2 assimilation was corrected for leaf area, system net CO2 exchange (SNCE), integrated daily SNCE, and system respiration increased in response to elevated CO2. The increases were mainly as a result of the larger leaf area developed during growth at high CO2, before the short-term experiment; the observed decline in responses to SMS and high VPD treatments was partly because of leaf area reduction. Elevated CO2 ameliorated the gas exchange consequences of water stress at the stand level, in all treatments. The initial slope of light response curves of stand photosynthesis (efficiency of light use by the stand) increased in response to elevated CO2 under all treatments. Leaf-level net CO2 assimilation rate and apparent quantum efficiency were consistently higher, and stomatal conductance and transpiration were significantly lower, under high CO2 in all soil moisture and VPD combinations (except for conductance and transpiration in high soil moisture, low VPD). Comparisons of leaf- and stand-level gross CO2 exchange indicated that the limitation of assimilation because of canopy light environment (in well-irrigated stands; ratio of leaf : stand=3.2-3.5) switched to a predominantly individual leaf limitation (because of stomatal closure) in response to water stress (leaf : stand=0.8-1.3). These observations enabled a good prediction of whole stand assimilation from leaf-level data under water-stressed conditions; the predictive ability was less under well-watered conditions. The data also demonstrated the need for a better understanding of the relationship between leaf water potential, leaf abscission, and stand LAI.
C1 Biosphere 2 Lab, Oracle, AZ 85623 USA.
   MeadWestvaco Corp, Forest Res, Summerville, SC 29484 USA.
   Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
   Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28802 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA.
RP Murthy, R (reprint author), 1691 W Winchester Way, Chandler, AZ 85248 USA.
EM rmurthy16@cox.net
RI rascher, katherine/E-5734-2012
NR 49
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 10
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 5
BP 716
EP 731
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00923.x
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 925RE
UT WOS:000229069800003
ER

PT J
AU Gilmanov, TG
   Tieszen, LL
   Wylie, BK
   Flanagan, LB
   Frank, AB
   Haferkamp, MR
   Meyers, TP
   Morgan, JA
AF Gilmanov, TG
   Tieszen, LL
   Wylie, BK
   Flanagan, LB
   Frank, AB
   Haferkamp, MR
   Meyers, TP
   Morgan, JA
TI Integration of CO2 flux and remotely-sensed data for primary production
   and ecosystem respiration analyses in the Northern Great Plains:
   potential for quantitative spatial extrapolation
SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
DE ecosystem respiration; ecosystem-scale light response functions; gross
   primary production; net CO2 flux partitioning; net ecosystem CO2
   exchange; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); Northern Great
   Plains grasslands; phenomenological modelling; tower CO2 flux
   measurements
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION;
   DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; INTERCEPTED SOLAR-RADIATION;
   SAGEBRUSH-STEPPE ECOSYSTEM; NATIVE TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; NET PRIMARY
   PRODUCTION; SOIL-WATER CONTENT; USE EFFICIENCY
AB Aim Extrapolation of tower CO2 fluxes will be greatly facilitated if robust relationships between flux components and remotely sensed factors are established. Long-term measurements at five Northern Great Plains locations were used to obtain relationships between CO2 fluxes and photosynthetically active radiation (Q), other on-site factors, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the SPOT VEGETATION data set.
   Location CO2 flux data from the following stations and years were analysed: Lethbridge, Alberta 1998-2001; Fort Peck, MT 2000, 2002; Miles City, MT 2000-01; Mandan, ND 1999-2001; and Cheyenne, WY 1997-98.
   results Analyses based on light-response functions allowed partitioning net CO2 flux (F) into gross primary productivity (P-g) and ecosystem respiration (R-e). Weekly averages of daytime respiration, &gamma;(day), estimated from light responses were closely correlated with weekly averages of measured night-time respiration, &gamma;(night) (R-2 0.64 to 0.95). Daytime respiration tended to be higher than night-time respiration, and regressions of &gamma;(day) on &gamma;(night) for all sites were different from 1 : 1 relationships. Over 13 site-years, gross primary production varied from 459 to 2491 g CO2 m(-2) year(-1), ecosystem respiration from 996 to 1881 g CO2 m(-2) year(-1), and net ecosystem exchange from -537 (source) to +610 g CO2 m(-2) year(-1) (sink). Maximum daily ecological light-use efficiencies, &epsilon;(d,max) = P-g/Q, were in the range 0.014 to 0.032 mol CO2 (mol incident quanta)(-1).
   Main conclusions Ten-day average P-g was significantly more highly correlated with NDVI than 10-day average daytime flux, P-d (R-2 = 0.46 to 0.77 for P-g-NDVI and 0.05 to 0.58 for P-d-NDVI relationships). Ten-day average R-e was also positively correlated with NDVI, with R-2 values from 0.57 to 0.77. Patterns of the relationships of P-g and R-e with NDVI and other factors indicate possibilities for establishing multivariate functions allowing scaling-up local fluxes to larger areas using GIS data, temporal NDVI, and other factors.
C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
   USGS EROS Data Ctr, SAIC, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
   Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
   ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND 58554 USA.
   ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh LARRL, Miles City, MT 59301 USA.
   NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, ARL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   USDA ARS Rangeland Resources Res, Nat Resources Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Gilmanov, TG (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Ag Hall 304,Box 2207B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM tagir_gilmanov@sdstate.edu
RI Flanagan, Lawrence/B-1307-2013; Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014; Meyers,
   Tilden/C-6633-2016
OI Flanagan, Lawrence/0000-0003-1748-0306; Wylie,
   Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083; 
NR 130
TC 88
Z9 95
U1 3
U2 43
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1466-822X
J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR
JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 14
IS 3
BP 271
EP 292
DI 10.1111/j.1466-822x.2005.00151.x
PG 22
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 924XN
UT WOS:000229014400007
ER

PT J
AU Lytle, DE
   Wahl, ER
AF Lytle, DE
   Wahl, ER
TI Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions using the modern analogue technique:
   the effects of sample size and decision rules
SO HOLOCENE
LA English
DT Article
DE palaeoecology; palaeoclimatology; modern analogue technique; decision
   rules; Monte Carlo simulation; count size; pollen
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLLEN DATA; STATISTICAL APPROACH; FOREST HOLLOWS;
   VEGETATION; RECORDS; METRICS; ORIGIN; RANGE; TAXA
AB Palaeoenvironmental information is often extracted from pollen records using the modern analogue technique (MAT). It is largely unknown how sensitive the MAT is to subsampling-induced variation in pollen assemblages, or to the decision rules used to reconstruct climate and vegetation. We examine these issues in a Monte Carlo framework in which simulated pollen assemblages at eight count sizes were created from four fossil pollen assemblages. Simulated and fossil assemblages are compared with modern data sets at squared chord distance cut-off values between 0.05 and 0.55 to: (1) quantify countsize-induced variation in pollen assemblages, and (2) determine how count-size-induced variation affects analogue selection and climate reconstruction. The effects of sample size and decision rules on vegetation reconstructions are examined using two analogue selection schemes and two levels of minimum required analogues. The results show that decision rules have as much impact on reconstruction precision and accuracy as do large differences in count size. At counts of 150 grains, the best-performing cut-off values yield annual precipitation estimates within 75 mm of those produced by the reference fossil assemblages, and January and July temperature estimates within 0.75 degrees C. Counts as low as 150 grains yield vegetation reconstruction accuracies of >= 90% using the best-case reconstruction rules; the worst-case reconstruction rules may not achieve this accuracy at 1000 grain counts. Although larger count sizes do lead to greater reconstruction precision and accuracy, the results indicate that analyses of the kind presented here can inform count-size decisions and allow significant re-allocation of analytical effort.
C1 US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
   Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Adv Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
   Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Environm & Soc Impacts Grp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Lytle, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, 1831 Hwy 169 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
EM dlytle@fs.fed.us
NR 39
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 4
PU ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC
PI LONDON
PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6836
J9 HOLOCENE
JI Holocene
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 4
BP 554
EP 566
DI 10.1191/095968305hl830rp
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 933EW
UT WOS:000229612700007
ER

PT J
AU Kruzic, LM
   Scarnecchia, DL
   Roper, BB
AF Kruzic, LM
   Scarnecchia, DL
   Roper, BB
TI Effects of electroshocking on macroinvertebrate drift in three cold
   water streams
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic insects; macroinvertebrates; electroshocking; electrofishing;
   benthos
ID LAKE DISTRICT STREAM; INVERTEBRATES; ABUNDANCE
AB The effect of electroshocking and walking on the substrate on macroinvertebrate drift was evaluated in three streams located in southwestern Oregon, USA. A randomized block experimental design was used to determine treatment (electroshocking and walking, electroshocking-only, walking-only) and drift distance effects on the number, biomass, and length of macro invertebrates drifting up to 30 in downstream. In all streams, electroshocking caused significantly (p < 0.05) greater number of macroinvertebrates to drift compared to merely walking on the substrate. The differences among treatments decreased the farther downstream the macroinvertebrates drifted. No significant difference) > 0.05) was observed in mean biomass between electroshocking and walking on the Substrate among the drift distances. The longest macro invertebrates were collected from the electroshocking treatment at the shortest drift distance (2.5 in) in all of the streams. The length of macroinvertebrates collected between electroshocking and walking on the substrate were similar at drift distances of 10 in and greater and represented predominately the smaller, poor swimming taxa.
C1 Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
   US Forest Serv, Tiller, OR 97484 USA.
RP Scarnecchia, DL (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM scar@uidaho.edu
RI Roper, Brett/F-2891-2010
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD MAY 1
PY 2005
VL 539
BP 57
EP 67
DI 10.1007/s10750-004-3246-3
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 952TY
UT WOS:000231029600006
ER

PT J
AU Talbot, NC
   Caperna, TJ
   Powell, AM
   Ealy, AD
   Blomberg, LA
   Garrett, WM
AF Talbot, NC
   Caperna, TJ
   Powell, AM
   Ealy, AD
   Blomberg, LA
   Garrett, WM
TI Isolation and characterization of a bovine visceral endoderm cell line
   derived from a parthenogenetic blastocyst
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL
LA English
DT Article
DE bovine; cell; line; parthenogenic; endoderm
ID IN-VITRO; YOLK-SAC; STEM-CELL; EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA; ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN;
   MOUSE EMBRYOS; CLONED MICE; SHEEP; EXPRESSION; FETUSES
AB A cell line, BPE-1, was derived from a parthenogenetic 8-d in vitro-produced bovine blastocyst that produced a cell outgrowth on STO feeder cells. The BPE-1 cells resembled visceral endoderm previously cultured from blastocysts produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Analysis of the BPE-1 cells demonstrated that they produced serum proteins and were negative for interferon-tau production (a marker of trophectoderm). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cells were a polarized epithelium connected by complex junctions resembling tight junctions in conjunction with desmosomes. Rough endoplasmic retieulum was prominent within the cells as were lipid vacuoles. Immunocytochemistry indicated the BPE-1 cells had robust microtubule networks. These cells have been grown for over 2 yr for multiple passages at 1:10 or 1:20 split ratios on STO feeder cells. The BPE-1 cell line presumably arose from embryonic cells that became diploid soon after parthenogenetic activation and development of the early embryo. However, metaphase spreads prepared at passage 41 indicated that the cell population had a hypodiploid (2n = 60) unimodal chromosome content with a mode of 53 and a median and mean of 52. The cell line will be of interest for functional comparisons with bovine endoderm cell lines derived from IVF and nuclear transfer embryos.
C1 USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   USDA ARS, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Biotechnol & Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM ntalbot@anri.barc.usda.gov
NR 43
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1071-2690
EI 1543-706X
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 130
EP 141
PG 12
WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 964WY
UT WOS:000231912900002
ER

PT J
AU Kamita, SG
   Do, ZN
   Samra, AI
   Hagler, JR
   Hammock, BD
AF Kamita, SG
   Do, ZN
   Samra, AI
   Hagler, JR
   Hammock, BD
TI Characterization of cell lines developed from the glassy-winged
   sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata (Hemiptera : Cicadellidae)
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL
LA English
DT Article
DE GWSS; pierce disease; Xylella fastidiosa; insect
ID XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; CALIFORNIA; BIOLOGY; VECTOR
AB Four continuous cell lines were established from the embryos Of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata (Say), an economically important insect vector of bacterial pathogens of grape, almond, citrus, oleander, and other agricultural land ornamental plantings. The cell lilies were designated GVISS-Z10, GWSS-Z15, CWSS-G3, and GWSS-LH. The GWSS-Z10, GWSS-Z15, aid GWSS-G3 lines were cultured in Ex-Cell 401 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), whereas the GWSS-LH line was cultured in LH medium supplemented with 20% FBS. The cell lilies were characterized in terms of their morphology, growth, protein composition, and polymerase chain reaction-amplification patterns of their chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. The population doubling times of GWSS-Z10, GWSS-Z15, GWSS-G3, and GWSS-LH were 46.2, 90.9, 100.3, and 60.2 h, respectively. These lines should be useful for the study of insect-pathogenic viruses of leafhoppers, aphids, treehoppers, and other related insects as well as plant-pathogenic viruses that are transmitted by these insects.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA.
RP Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM bdhammock@ucdavis.edu
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1071-2690
EI 1543-706X
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 149
EP 153
PG 5
WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 964WY
UT WOS:000231912900004
ER

PT J
AU Ow, DW
AF Ow, DW
TI 2004 SIVB Congress Symposium Proceeding: Transgene management via
   multiple site-specific recombination systems
SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA integration; gene stacking; line conversion; transgene expression;
   transgene removal
ID HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; INTEGRATION; RICE; DNA; REPLACEMENT; GENOME;
   PLANTS
AB Current methods for creating transgenic varieties are labor and time intensive, comprised of the generation of hundreds of plants with random DNA insertions, screening for the few individuals with appropriate transgene expression and simple integration structure, and followed by a lengthy breeding process to introgress the engineered trait into cultivated varieties. Various modifications of existing methods have been proposed to speed up the different steps involved in plant transformation, as well as a few add-on technologies that seek to address issues related to biosafety or intellectual property. The problem with an assortment of independently developed improvements is that they do not integrate seamlessly into a single transformation system. This paper presents an integrated strategy for plant transformation, where the introduced DNA will be inserted precisely into the genome, the transgenic locus will be introgressed rapidly into field varieties, the extraneous transgenic DNA will be removed, the transgenic plants will be molecularly tagged, and the transgenic locus may be excised from pollen and/or seed.
C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ow, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM david_ow@berkeley.edu
NR 15
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU CABI PUBLISHING
PI WALLINGFORD
PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, NOSWORTHY WAY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON,
   ENGLAND
SN 1054-5476
J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL
JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 3
BP 213
EP 219
DI 10.1079/IVP2004610
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology
GA 945MG
UT WOS:000230506000004
ER

PT J
AU Adhvaryu, A
   Sung, C
   Erhan, SZ
AF Adhvaryu, A
   Sung, C
   Erhan, SZ
TI Fatty acids and antioxidant effects on grease microstructures
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE vegetable oils; Li grease; fatty acids; transmission electron
   microscopy; fiber structure
ID ADSORPTION; FRICTION
AB The search for biobased material as industrial and automotive lubricants has accelerated in recent years. This trend is primarily due to the nontoxic and biodegradable characteristics of seed oils that can substitute mineral oil as base fluid in grease making. The paper discusses the preparation of lithium soap-based soy greases using different fatty acids and the determination of crystallite structure of soap using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lithium soaps with palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids were synthesized and mixed with soybean oil (SBO) and additives to obtain different grease compositions. TEM measurements have revealed that the soap crystallite structure impact grease consistency. Soap fiber length and their cross-linking mechanism in the matrix control grease consistency (National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) hardness, ASTM D-217 method). Lithium stearate-based soy grease has a relatively more compact fiber structure than Li palmitate. Linoleic acid (C-18,= =) with two sites of C-C unsaturation in the chain has a much thinner and more compact fiber network than oleic acid (C-18, = =). The presence of additive in grease produces a soap with looser network and larger fiber structure than similar grease containing no additive. A close analysis of grease microstructure will help in the development of better performing grease for industrial applications. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Erhan, SZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM erhansz@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 21
TC 28
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 285
EP 291
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.03.003
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500002
ER

PT J
AU Adamsen, FJ
   Coffelt, TA
AF Adamsen, FJ
   Coffelt, TA
TI Planting date effects on flowering, seed yield, and oil content of rape
   and crambe cultivars
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE oilseed; Brassica species; digital image analysis; Canola
ID NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; LESQUERELLA; CANOLA
AB Both crambe (Crambe abyssinicia, Hochst) and rape (Brassica napus L. and Brassica raptis L.) are cool season crops, thus they may have potential as irrigated, winter rotational crops in the low deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Currently, no information is available on the effects of fall planting date on the production of these crops. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the effects of fall planting date on flowering patterns, seed yield, and oil content of crambe and two species of rape, and (2) to determine the suitability of rape and crambe as rotational crops for the low deserts of the southwestern United States. Nine cultivars of rape and one cultivar of crambe were planted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center on three dates in November and December of 1995 and four dates from October through December of 1997 on a variable Mohall sandy loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed hyperthermic, Typic Haplargid). Five of the rape cultivars were B. napus types and the remaining four were B. rapus. One was an industrial rape (R-500) and the other eight were Canola types. Seed yield, oil concentration, and seed weight were determined. In 1996, the percent of plants flowering was observed visually on a periodic basis. In 1998, detailed imaging of flowering was done periodically using a digital camera. Planting date affected water application by controlling the length of the growing season. Our plants were taller, oil content was higher, seed weights were comparable, days to flowering were more than doubled, and seed yields were lower than plants from spring plantings in the Northern Great Plains. In both years of the study, the highest yields were obtained when rape and crambe were planted in November, which would fit well with cotton harvest dates. Lodging was a serious problem in rape. Crambe was sensitive to frost and could fail in some years. Only R-500 matured early enough to be used in rotation with current cotton cultivars. In addition to the onset of flowering, the automated method for estimating flowering was able to detect differences between Brassica species and cultivars and to measure the duration of flowering. Each species had a distinctive flowering pattern. Planting dates also affected the pattern and efficiency of flowering. Reproductive efficiency appeared to change with planting date and in general, October and November planting dates produced seed with higher oil content and seed weights than December planting dates. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA.
RP Adamsen, FJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Water Conservat Lab, 4331 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA.
EM fadamsen@uswcl.ars.ag.gov
NR 14
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 293
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.04.012
PG 15
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500003
ER

PT J
AU Cermak, SC
   Isbell, TA
   Isbell, JE
   Akerman, GG
   Lowery, BA
   Deppe, AB
AF Cermak, SC
   Isbell, TA
   Isbell, JE
   Akerman, GG
   Lowery, BA
   Deppe, AB
TI Batch drying of cuphea seeds
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE cuphea; drying; grain technology; moisture; seed
AB Fresh mechanically harvested cuphea seed from the Midwest contains more than 50% moisture. Such high moisture leads to challenging drying problems. Cuphea seeds must be dried immediately to reduce moisture before destructive seed mold and material-clumping develop. A method had to be developed to batch dry large quantities of cuphea seeds. The freshly harvested, wet, uncleaned seeds were dried using a Grain Technology 245XL Dryer. Drier conditions were optimized over a 2 year period to yield a procedure for a batch drying process. In this process, the grain dryer was modified to help meet the demands of a small seed that has greater than 50% moisture at harvest. The seed moisture data was collected on a low-cost, commercially available G-7 Grain Moisture Meter, which can be used for different crops. The meter showed a strong correlation between the soybean setting and actual cuphea moisture content (%) measured in the lab when seed moisture was less than 20%. The cuphea seeds were dried to about 12% for storage. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   Isbell Farm Consulting, Hanna City, IL 61536 USA.
   Cube Inc, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Cermak, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM cermaksc@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 6
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 353
EP 359
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.05.003
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500010
ER

PT J
AU Akin, DE
   Dodd, RB
   Foulk, JA
AF Akin, DE
   Dodd, RB
   Foulk, JA
TI Pilot plant for processing flax fiber
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE flax fiber; retting; cleaning; properties; flax; pilot plant
AB A flax fiber pilot plant is needed to process small samples of flax straw into fibers to facilitate research on retting and fiber properties. Our objective was to develop and test a modular design for a flax processing pilot plant based on a commercial line that was capable of cleaning fiber and seed flax straw from unretted, dew-retted, and enzyme-retted samples. The USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP), which is the only research facility of this type in the United States, was designed according to the commercial 'Unified Line' (Czech Flax Machinery), but smaller and constructed in four individual modules. The modules and their order for processing were as follows: 9-roller calender, top shaker, scutching wheel, top shaker, 5-roller calender, and top shaker. Illustrations and diagrams of the operating modules are presented. Unretted 'Neche' linseed flax, dew-retted 'Natasja', and enzyme-retted 'Jordan' fiber flax were processed, and the cumulative weight loss of material at successive processing steps was determined to assess the effectiveness of cleaning. Fiber strength, fineness, and elongation were determined for the retted samples after cleaning through all the steps in the Flax-PP. A yield of fine fiber from the retted stems processed through the Flax-PP was acquired from further cleaning and refining by passage through a Shirley Analyzer. The various samples behaved differently at different stages of processing and the resulting fibers had different properties. The dew-retted Natasja fibers were stronger and finer than the enzyme-retted Jordan flax after pilot plant processing, but the Jordan fibers appeared cleaner and better retted. The Flax-PP effectively processed samples of diverse characteristics and will facilitate integrated research on retting methods for fibers with tailored properties.
C1 USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
   Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
   USDA ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29633 USA.
RP Akin, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA.
EM deakin@qaru.ars.usda.gov
NR 20
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 369
EP 378
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.06.001
PG 10
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500012
ER

PT J
AU Dickey, LC
   Parris, N
AF Dickey, LC
   Parris, N
TI Improving particle separation from an ethanol extract to water: settling
   dependence on fine particle content
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE sedimentation; corn extract; interface; entrainment
ID MAIZE PARTICLES
AB Removing solid particles from ethanolic corn extracts by gravitational settling into a water layer has been studied as part of a project to develop a low cost method to extract ethanol-soluble protein from corn meal. Settling has several advantages over industrially proven methods of liquid/particle separation: (1) less expensive equipment; (2) particles that settle at different rates can be collected from different outlets, and (3) extract liquid entrained by settling particles dissolves in the water from which the ethanol can be recovered by distillation. When fine particles were pumped as part of the extract into the 5-1 settling layer at a high enough rate, they formed a particle layer at the extract/water interface. The particle layer prevents further settling and is a non-sustainable operating condition. The layer does not form when the mass fraction of particles in the extract was 0. 11 or less. This value is greater than the value obtained by extrapolating published settling data for denser (mineral) particles. Overall, entrainment of extract liquid for the settling was about the same as entrainment during centrifugation. In-line measurements and recordings of ethanol concentration, density, and particle content of the water stream carrying settled coarse particles from the settling tank showed that specific entrainment was greater for the finer particles. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Dickey, LC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM ldickey@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 379
EP 385
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.06.002
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500013
ER

PT J
AU Wu, YV
   Abbott, TP
AF Wu, YV
   Abbott, TP
TI Gum and protein enrichment from sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) seed by
   fine grinding and sieving
SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE sicklepod seed; gum; protein; grinding; sieving
ID AIR CLASSIFICATION
AB Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) is a weed species that has contaminated soybean and other crops. Although sicklepod continues to be a problem weed, the advent of herbicide-resistant soybeans has reduced the problem somewhat in the last few years. Sicklepod seed contains a gum of commercial interest in addition to protein and fat. An inexpensive process to enrich gum and protein contents of sicklepod seed is desirable for increased utilization and further processing. This study was conducted to determine whether fine grinding and sieving of sicklepod seed into separate fractions according to particle size could enrich gum and protein. Sicklepod seed was finely ground in a pin mill at different speed, and the resulting ground seed was separated into various fractions according to particle size. Gum content increased with particle size, and protein content decreased with particle size. Fine grinding and sieving of sicklepod seed can enrich gum in the fraction with largest particle size and can enrich protein in the fraction with smallest particle size. Fine grinding and sieving of sicklepod seed can make further processing more economical. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Wu, YV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM wuyv@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-6690
J9 IND CROP PROD
JI Ind. Crop. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 3
BP 387
EP 390
DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.04.011
PG 4
WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 919IA
UT WOS:000228610500014
ER

PT J
AU Dubey, JP
   Sreekumar, C
   Donovan, T
   Rozmanec, M
   Rosenthal, BM
   Vianna, MCB
   Davis, WP
   Belden, JS
AF Dubey, JP
   Sreekumar, C
   Donovan, T
   Rozmanec, M
   Rosenthal, BM
   Vianna, MCB
   Davis, WP
   Belden, JS
TI Redescription of Besnoitia bennetti (Protozoa : Apicomplexa) from the
   donkey (Equus asinus)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Besnoitia bennetti; donkeys; Equus asinus; USA; mice; gerbils; cell
   culture; ultrastructure; sequence analysis; taxonomy
ID REINDEER RANGIFER-TARANDUS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA;
   INFECTED-TISSUES; DIFFERENTIATION; ULTRASTRUCTURE; BRADYZOITES; CYSTS;
   HORSE
AB Besnoitia bennetti tissue cysts were found in four naturally-infected donkeys (Equus asinus) from the USA. Infectivity of its bradyzoites and tachyzoites to animals and cell culture was studied. The bradyzoites were not infectious to out-bred Swiss Webster mice, rabbits or gerbils. When fed tissue cysts, cats did not excrete oocysts. However, the parasite was infectious to interferon-gamma gene knock out mice. The parasite from tissues of two donkeys was grown successfully in bovine monocyte monolayers for the first time. Non-dividing, uninucleate tachyzoites were approximately 6 X 1.5 mu m in size. Longitudinally-cut bradyzoites in tissue sections measured 8.7 X 1.9 mu m. Ultrastructurally, tachyzoites and bradyzoites were similar to those in other Besnoitia species, and in particular to parasites described from cattle (Besnoitia besnoiti) and reindeer (Besnoitia tarandi), in that their bradyzoites lacked enigmatic bodies. Based on comparative analysis of three portions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (the small and large subunits and the first internal transcribed spacer) B. bennetti was found to be more closely related to the other congeners described from ungulates. The parasite was formally redescribed and specimens deposited in the US National Parasite Collections. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc.
C1 ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Cornell Univ, New York State Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Univ New Hampshire, New Hampshire Vet Diagnost Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 1001,BARC-E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov
OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773; Chirukandoth,
   Sreekumar/0000-0003-2875-4034
NR 27
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7519
J9 INT J PARASITOL
JI Int. J. Parasit.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 6
BP 659
EP 672
DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.01.004
PG 14
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 929QY
UT WOS:000229362100008
PM 15862579
ER

PT J
AU Brown-Brandl, TM
   Eigenberg, RA
   Hahn, GL
   Nienaber, JA
   Mader, TL
   Spiers, DE
   Parkhurst, AM
AF Brown-Brandl, TM
   Eigenberg, RA
   Hahn, GL
   Nienaber, JA
   Mader, TL
   Spiers, DE
   Parkhurst, AM
TI Analyses of thermoregulatory responses of feeder cattle exposed to
   simulated heat waves
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE heat stress; bioenergetics; body temperature; feed intake; respiration
   rate
ID BODY-TEMPERATURE; RESPIRATION RATE; ANIMALS; STRESS
AB Heat stress in feedlot cattle causes reduced performance, and in the most severe cases, death of the animals, thus causing the loss of millions of dollars in revenue to the cattle industry. A study was designed to evaluate dynamics of thermoregulation and feeding activities when feeder cattle were exposed to simulated heat waves, in comparison with repeated sinusoidal hot and thermoneutral environments. Nine beef steers were randomly assigned to an individual pen in one of three environmental chambers. Each chamber was subjected to each of three temperature regimes (Heatwave simulation from Rockport, Mo., 1995, Heatwave simulation from Columbia, Mo., 1999, and Controlled heat stress treatment of 32+/-7&DEG; C) for a period of 18 days, according to a Latin square treatment design, with a 10-day thermoneutral period ( 18+/-7 &DEG; C) separating treatment periods. Respiration rate, core body temperature, heat production, feed intake, and feeding behavior were measured on each animal for the duration of the experiment. Differences were found in all treatments for all parameters except feeding behavior. It was shown that the two simulated heat waves elicited very different thermoregulatory responses. Based on these results the heat wave centered at Rockport, Mo. in 1995 was devastating because the animals were not acclimated to hot conditions, thus causing an acute response to heat stress. The responses of cattle to conditions at Columbia, Mo. showed some acclimation to heat prior to the peak stress days, and therefore a dampened response was seen. It appears the extreme conditions at Columbia, Mo., 1999 were made severe by environmental conditions not simulated during this study ( low wind speed and intensive solar radiation). Overall, it was determined while a cyclic heat stress treatment is a representative model to test heat stress in cattle, further heat stress experiments should be conducted in an actual feedlot.
C1 ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
   Univ Nebraska, Concord, NE USA.
   Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA.
   Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Brown-Brandl, TM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA.
EM brandl@email.marc.usda.gov
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0020-7128
J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL
JI Int. J. Biometeorol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 49
IS 5
BP 285
EP 296
DI 10.1007/s00484-004-0250-2
PG 12
WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
   Physiology
SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
   Sciences; Physiology
GA 922RV
UT WOS:000228856600002
PM 15645291
ER

PT J
AU Healy, RA
   Horner, HT
   Bailey, TB
   Palmer, RG
AF Healy, RA
   Horner, HT
   Bailey, TB
   Palmer, RG
TI A microscopic study of trichomes on gynoecia of normal and tetraploid
   Clark cultivars of Glycine max and seven near-isogenic lines
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE clark near-isogenic lines; Glycine max; gynoecium; multicellular
   secretory trichome; soybean; thick-walled elongate trichome; unicellular
   elongate trichome
ID SOYBEAN PUBESCENCE DENSITY; GLANDULAR TRICHOMES; MOSAIC-VIRUS;
   MORPHOLOGY; DIVERSITY; ISOLINES; FABACEAE
AB The surfaces of gynoecia of Glycine max cultivars - normal Clark, a tetraploid Clark, and seven isolines - display variations in at least three types of trichomes. The normal Clark soybean gynoecium has at least three and possibly four types of trichomes: a two- to four-celled, elongate, thick-walled trichome (TWT), an elongate thin-walled unicellular trichome (UCT), a secretory multicellular trichome (MCT), and an elongate thin-walled bicellular trichome that we have interpreted as an immature TWT. All these types are present on the gynoecium by 1 d before anthesis. After fertilization, the UCT is rare, but the other types continue to initiate and develop on the young pod. During flowering, the UCT and the MCT are distributed along the ovary from the base of the gynoecium to the top of the ovary. The TWT forms primarily along the dorsal side of the style. The Clark tetraploid and the extra-dense, dense 1, dense 2, sharp hair tip, sparse, and puberulent isolines have all four types of trichomes on their gynoecia, although TWTs and UCTs are very short in the puberulent isoline. The glabrous isoline is missing the TWT but has a short, thin-walled trichome that occurs infrequently, mainly along the dorsal side of the style. The ratio of TWTs on the gynoecium of the normal Clark to those on the isolines is 1 : 4 on extra-dense, 1 : 3 on dense 2, 1 : 1.6 on dense 1, 1 : 2 on the tetraploid, 1 : 0.5 on the sparse, and 1 : 0.2 on the puberulent. There is a positive correlation between the expanded distribution of TWTs onto other parts of the gynoecium and increased pubescence of TWTs on the gynoecium. The numbers and morphology of MCTs are similar in the normal Clark, the tetraploid, and the seven isolines, except for extra-dense, where the numbers of MCTs are suppressed. The numbers of UCTs were significantly greater on the extra-dense, dense 2, and dense 1 isolines than on the normal Clark, but distribution was the same. During early pod development, TWTs and MCTs are most prominent, indicating that the UCTs either disappear or may be a precursor of TWTs. No functions are known for any of the types of trichomes on soybean gynoecia, but possible roles are discussed.
C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Bessey Microscopy Facil, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
   Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Horner, HT (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM hth@iastate.edu
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-5893
J9 INT J PLANT SCI
JI Int. J. Plant Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 166
IS 3
BP 415
EP 425
DI 10.1086/428632
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 916KP
UT WOS:000228384100005
ER

PT J
AU Curran, PJ
   Steele, CM
AF Curran, PJ
   Steele, CM
TI MERIS: the re-branding of an ocean sensor
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERSPECTRAL VEGETATION INDEXES; IMAGING SPECTROMETER MERIS;
   CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; NARROW-BAND; PRECISION
   AGRICULTURE; DERIVATIVE ANALYSIS; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; LEAF REFLECTANCE;
   USE EFFICIENCY
AB MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) is a fine spectral and medium spatial resolution satellite sensor and is part of the core instrument payload of Envisat, the European Space Agency's (ESA) environmental research satellite, launched in March 2002. Designed primarily for ocean ('MER') and coastal zone remote sensing, this imaging spectrometer ('IS') now has a much broader environmental remit covering also land and atmospheric applications. This paper reviews (i) MERIS's development history, focusing on its changing mission objectives; (ii) MERIS's technical specification, including its radiometric, spectral and geometric characteristics, programmability and onboard calibration; (iii) decisions that led to modifications of MERIS's spectral, geometric and radiometric performance for land applications; (iv) MERIS's data products; and (v) some of the ways in which MERIS data might be used to provide information on terrestrial vegetation.
C1 Univ Southampton, Dept Geog, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
   New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Curran, PJ (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Dept Geog, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
EM p.curran@soton.ac.uk
NR 70
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 26
IS 9
BP 1781
EP 1798
DI 10.1080/01431160412331330275
PG 18
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 938GW
UT WOS:000229988900002
ER

PT J
AU Cleveland, MA
   Blackburn, HD
   Enns, RM
   Garrick, DJ
AF Cleveland, MA
   Blackburn, HD
   Enns, RM
   Garrick, DJ
TI Changes in inbreeding of US Herefords during the twentieth century
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hereford cattle; inbreeding; effective population size; genetic
   diversity
ID UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-VARIATION; BREED STRUCTURE; CATTLE BREEDS;
   BEEF-CATTLE; POPULATION; COEFFICIENTS; SELECTION
AB Genetic diversity in the U.S. Hereford population was characterized by examining the level and rate of inbreeding and effective population size. Pedigree records for 20,624,418 animals were obtained from the American Hereford Association, of which 96.1% had both parents identified. Inbreeding coefficients were computed and mean inbreeding (F,) calculated by year from 1900 to 2001. Inbreeding increased rapidly between 1900 and 1945. From 1946, inbreeding increased linearly to a maximum of 11.5% in 1966. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, mean inbreeding decreased to mid-century levels. Several alternatives were investigated to explain this decline. The average relationship between prominent sires fell from 20 to 12% during the time that the level of inbreeding decreased, which reflects an increase in the popularity of certain less fashionable sire lines that would have temporarily decreased inbreeding. Pedigrees were constructed for animals born after 1990. This subsample of animals with no missing ancestors in at least 12 generations did not exhibit a decrease in inbreeding. Missing ancestral information therefore contributed to the apparent decline. One cause of missing ancestry results from outcrossing to imported animals. The effect of missing ancestry was investigated by simulating the missing ancestors. In 2001, F-x was 9.8%, and approximately 95% of individuals were inbred. The maximal inbreeding coefficient was 76%. The annual change in mean inbreeding (Delta F-x) was estimated for Herefords born during five time periods from 1946 to 2001, where inbreeding was changing at different linear rates. The Delta F-x for the most recent generation (1990 to 2001) was 0.12%/yr. Assuming a generation interval of 4.88 yr, the estimated effective population size was 85. This study provides a benchmark of current genetic diversity in the Hereford population. Results indicate that inbreeding is accumulating linearly and below critical levels. Increases in the adoption of reproductive technologies could decrease genetic diversity, and in the future, we may need to consider strategies to minimize inbreeding.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Blackburn, HD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM hblackbu@lamar.colostate.edu
OI Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372
NR 28
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 992
EP 1001
PG 10
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900004
PM 15827243
ER

PT J
AU Oliver, WT
   Touchette, KJ
   Coalson, JA
   Whisnant, CS
   Brown, JA
   Oliver, SAM
   Odle, J
   Harrell, RJ
AF Oliver, WT
   Touchette, KJ
   Coalson, JA
   Whisnant, CS
   Brown, JA
   Oliver, SAM
   Odle, J
   Harrell, RJ
TI Pigs weaned from the sow at 10 days of age respond to dietary energy
   source of manufactured liquid diets and exogenous porcine somatotropin
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE energy source; insulin-like growth factor-I; leptin; somatotropin; swine
ID I IGF-I; GROWTH-HORMONE; GROWING-PIGS; BODY-COMPOSITION; NUTRITIONAL
   REGULATION; BINDING-PROTEINS; NEONATAL PIGS; SHORT-TERM; LEPTIN
   CONCENTRATIONS; MILK REPLACER
AB Previous research indicates that the neonatal pig does not alter feed intake in response to changes in the energy density of manufactured liquid diets. Also, the limited response of IGF-I to exogenous porcine ST (pST) previously observed in young pigs may be influenced by the source of dietary energy. Our objectives were to 1) determine the effect of a high-fat (HF; 25% fat and 4,639 kcal/kg ME; DM basis) or low-fat (LF; 2% fat and 3,481 kcal/kg ME; DM basis) manufactured liquid diet on pig performance; and 2) determine whether the limited response to exogenous pST in young pigs depends on the source of dietary energy. Two replicates of 60 pigs (n = 120; barrows and gilts distributed evenly), with an initial BW of 4,207 +/- 51 g, were weaned from the sow at 10 d of age and used in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were assigned by BW to one of six pens. Diets were formulated to provide a constant lysine:ME ratio and were fed on a pen basis for a duration of 9 d. On d 5, barrows and gilts within a pen were assigned randomly to receive either 0 or 120 mu g of pST.kg BW-1.d(-1) for 4 d. Pigs gained 336 +/- 9 g/d, which resulted in an ending BW of 7,228 +/- 120 g, regardless of dietary treatment (P > 0.15). Pigs fed the LF diet consumed 17% more DM per pen daily than pigs fed the HIP diet (2,777 67 vs. 2,376 67 g/d, P < 0.01), but calculated ME intake did not differ between dietary treatments (P > 0.20). The G:F was 24% greater in HF- than in LF-fed pigs (P < 0.01). Plasma urea N concentrations were higher in the HF-fed pigs (11.0 +/- 0.6 mg/dL) than in pigs fed the LF diet (6.2 +/- 0.6 mg/dL; P < 0.05). Treatment with pST increased circulating IGF-I (P < 0.01) and decreased PUN (P < 0.01) concentration 32 and 25%, respectively, regardless of dietary treatment (P > 0.30). Circulating leptin averaged 1.8 +/- 0.1 ng/mL and was not affected by dietary treatment (P > 0.35) or pST (P > 0.40). These results suggest that the ST/IGF axis is responsive in the young pig and the increase in circulating IGF-I and growth is independent of the source of dietary energy. Also, young pigs respond to a lower energy density liquid diet with increased feed intake, without altering growth performance, apparently utilizing a mechanism other than circulating leptin.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   Merrick Anim Nutr Inc, Union Ctr, WI 53962 USA.
RP Harrell, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM bob_harrell@ncsu.edu
OI Odle, Jack/0000-0003-4965-2096
NR 49
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1002
EP 1009
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900005
PM 15827244
ER

PT J
AU Hausman, GJ
   Poulos, SP
AF Hausman, GJ
   Poulos, SP
TI A method to establish co-cultures of myotubes and preadipocytes, from
   collagenase digested neonatal pig semitendinosus muscles
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cell biology; cell culture; laminin; myotube; preadipocyte
ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SATELLITE CELL-PROLIFERATION; STROMAL-VASCULAR
   CELLS; SERUM-FREE CULTURES; IGFBP SECRETION; RECEPTOR-GAMMA; INSULIN;
   DIFFERENTIATION; GROWTH; TRIIODOTHYRONINE
AB The relationships between adipocyte and muscle cell development within muscle are important in the study of factors or agents that may improve meat quality. Neonatal porcine muscle has the potential to yield both cell types for cell culture because it contains developing adipocytes and a high number of muscle satellite cells. Therefore, we modified a conventional collagenase-based procedure to digest neonatal porcine muscle and subsequently cultured the resultant muscle stromal-vascular (SV) cells on several substrata in basal and dexamethasone (DEX)-containing media. Developing myotubes and preadipocytes were present in muscle SV cell cultures on laminin substrata following seeding and plating with fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without DEX. Myotube number was much higher (P < 0.05) on laminin substrata compared with all other substrata, whereas preadipocyte number in muscle SV cell cultures was independent of substrata, as we have shown previously. This approach can be used to establish co-cultures of differentiating adipocytes and myotubes from collagenase-digested neonatal pig muscle. Because the comparison is within the same culture dish, this method allows for a direct comparison of the responses of adipogenic and myogenic cells to growth and differentiation factors. For example, DEX did not alter myogenesis (i.e., 11 +/- 3 vs. 11 +/- 4 myotubes per unit area for control and DEX-treated cultures, respectively), but it has been shown to markedly increase preadipocyte number in muscle SV cell cultures.
C1 USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Anim Physiol Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Hausman, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Anim Physiol Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM ghausman@saa.ars.usda.gov
NR 20
TC 19
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1010
EP 1016
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900006
PM 15827245
ER

PT J
AU Maltby, SA
   Reynolds, CK
   Lomax, MA
   Beever, DE
AF Maltby, SA
   Reynolds, CK
   Lomax, MA
   Beever, DE
TI Splanchnic metabolism of nitrogenous compounds and urinary nitrogen
   excretion in steers fed alfalfa under conditions of increased absorption
   of ammonia and L-arginine supply across the portal-drained viscera
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE amino acids; arginine; bovidae; liver; urea
ID SOMATOTROPIN SECRETION; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; BEEF
   HEIFERS; AMINO-ACIDS; RUMINANT; LIVER; UREA; ORNITHINE; CATTLE
AB Effects of increased ammonia and/or arginine absorption across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) on net splanchnic (PDV and liver) metabolism of nitrogenous compounds and urinary N excretion were investigated in six cathetenzed Hereford x Angus steers (501 +/- 1 kg BW) fed a 75% alfalfa:25% (as-fed basis) corn-soybean meal diet (0.523 MJ of ME/[kg BW0.15.d]) every 2 h without (27.0 g of N/kg of dietary DM) and with 20 g of urea/kg of dietary DM (35.7 g of N/kg of dietary DM) in a split-plot design. Net splanchnic flux measurements were obtained immediately before beginning and ending a 72-h mesenteric vein infusion of L-arginine (15 mmol/h). For 3 d before and during arginine infusion, daily urine voided was measured and analyzed for N composition. Feeding urea increased PDV absorption (P < 0.01) and hepatic removal (P < 0.01) of ammonia N, accounting for 80% of increased hepatic urea N output (P < 0.01). Numerical increases in net hepatic removal of AA N could account for the remaining portion of increased hepatic urea N output. Arginine infusion increased hepatic arginine removal (P < 0.01) and hepatic urea N output (P < 0.03) and switched hepatic ornithine flux from net uptake to net output (P < 0.01), but numerical changes in net hepatic removal of ammonia and AA N could not account fully for the increase in hepatic urea N output. Increases in urine N excretion equaled quantities of N fed as urea or infused as arginine. Estimated salivary urea N excretion was not changed by either treatment. Urea cycle regulation occurs via a complex interaction of mechanisms and requires N sources other than ammonia, but the effect of increased ammonia absorption on hepatic catabolism of individual AA in the present study was not significant.
C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Univ Reading, Dept Biochem & Physiol, Reading RG6 2AJ, Berks, England.
   Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England.
RP Reynolds, CK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Anim Sci, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM Reynolds.345@osu.edu
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1075
EP 1087
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900014
PM 15827253
ER

PT J
AU Maltby, SA
   Reynolds, CK
   Lomax, MA
   Beever, DE
AF Maltby, SA
   Reynolds, CK
   Lomax, MA
   Beever, DE
TI Splanchnic metabolism of nutrients and hormones in steers fed alfalfa
   under conditions of increased absorption of ammonia and L-arginine
   supply across the portal-drained viscera
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE arginine; bovidae; energy; hormones; liver; urea
ID FORAGE-CONCENTRATE DIETS; AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM; GROWING BEEF HEIFERS;
   ENERGY-METABOLISM; NITROGEN-METABOLISM; SOMATOTROPIN SECRETION; ISOLATED
   HEPATOCYTES; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; RUMINAL INFUSIONS; LIVER-METABOLISM
AB Effects of increased ammonia and/or arginine absorption on net splanchnic (portal-drained viscera [PDV] plus liver) metabolism of nonnitrogenous nutrients and hormones in cattle were examined. Six Hereford x Angus steers (501 +/- 1 kg BW) prepared with vascular catheters for measurements of net flux across the splanchnic bed were fed a 75% alfalfa:25% (as-fed basis) corn and soybean meal diet (0.523 MJ of ME/[kg BW(0.75.)d]) every 2 h without (27.0 g of N/kg of DM) and. with 20 g of urea/kg of DM (35.7 g of N/kg of DM) in a split-plot design. Net flux measurements were made immediately before and after a 72-h mesenteric vein infusion Of L-arginine (15 mmol/h). There were no treatment effects on PDV or hepatic 02 consumption. Dietary urea had no effect on splanchnic metabolism of glucose or L-lactate, but arginine infusion decreased net hepatic removal Of L-lactate when urea was fed (P < 0.01). Net PDV appearance of n-butyrate was increased by arginine infusion (P < 0.07), and both dietary urea (P < 0.09) and arginine infusion (P < 0.05) increased net hepatic removal of n-butyrate. Dietary urea also increased total splanchnic acetate output (P < 0.06), tended to increase arterial glucagon concentration (P < 0.11), and decreased arterial ST concentration (P < 0.03). Arginine infusion increased arterial concentration (P < 0.07) and net PDV release (P < 0.10) and tended to increase hepatic removal (P < 0.11) of insulin, as well as arterial concentration (P < 0.01) and total splanchnic output (P < 0.01) of glucagon. Despite changes in splanchnic N metabolism, increased ammonia and arginine absorption had little measurable effect on splanchnic metabolism of glucose and other nonnitrogenous components of splanchnic energy metabolism.
C1 USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
   Univ Reading, Dept Biochem & Physiol, Reading RG6 2AJ, Berks, England.
   Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England.
RP Reynolds, CK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Anim Sci, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM Reynolds.345@osu.edu
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1088
EP 1096
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900015
PM 15827254
ER

PT J
AU Taylor, JB
AF Taylor, JB
TI Time-dependent influence of supranutritional organically bound selenium
   on selenium accumulation in growing wether lambs
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE muscle; organically bound; selenium; sheep; supranutritional; wheat
ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY; DIETARY METHIONINE; TISSUE SELENIUM;
   CHEMICAL FORMS; SELENOMETHIONINE; METABOLISM; RATS; SELENOCYSTEINE;
   ACIDS; BEEF
AB Crossbred wethers (n = 36; BW = 36.0 kg; SD = 3.4) were used to assess the time-dependent influence of supranutritional organically bound Se on Se accumulation. Four wethers were slaughtered before the trial began (d 0). The remaining wethers were fed diets containing adequate (0.2 mu g of Se/g of DM) or supranutritional Se (2.9 mu g of Se/g of DM; in the form of high-Se wheat grain) for 14, 28, 42, or 56 d before slaughter (four wethers per Se treatment at each slaughter day). The DMI was set at 3.1% of BW and adjusted weekly based on a targeted ADG of 150 g. Daily Se intake by wethers fed the adequate and supranutritional Se diets ranged from 5.3 to 5.9, and 79.0 to 95.0 mu g of Se/kg of BW, respectively, and did not differ (P = 0.84 to 0.99) between slaughter day groups within Se treatment. Neither Se treatment nor Se treatment x slaughter day interactions were significant for BW, G:F, or liver, kidneys, and spleen weights (P = 0.06 to 0.84). Within the supranutritional Se treatment, Se contents of most organs and tissues from wethers slaughtered on d 14, 28, 42, and 56 were nearly twice the concentrations (P < 0.01) of wethers slaughtered on d 0. When regressed against the number of days the wethers were fed supranutritional Se, Se concentrations increased (P < 0.001) cubically in kidneys and plasma, quadratically in duodenum, lung, liver, and spleen, and linearly in heart, muscle, and wool. For total Se in kidneys, liver, and spleen, the response was quadratic (P < 0.03). Excluding skeletal muscle, heart, and wool, Se in other organs and tissues reached apparent steady-state concentrations 14 to 28 d after commencement of supranutritional Se diets. Selenium concentrations in skeletal muscle accumulated in a linear manner (P < 0. 001) throughout the 56-d feeding period. High-Se grains can be used strategically to deliver supranutritional Se and rapidly enhance Se depots in sheep, a task that does not seem attainable with Se salts. Furthermore, a 100-g portion of uncooked loin (LM) from the wethers fed supranutritional Se contained 196 to 250% of the recommended Se requirement for humans.
C1 USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA.
RP Taylor, JB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, HC 62 Box 2010, Dubois, ID 83423 USA.
EM btaylor@pw.ars.usda.gov
NR 30
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1186
EP 1193
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900024
PM 15827263
ER

PT J
AU Brown, MA
   Coleman, SW
   Lalman, DL
AF Brown, MA
   Coleman, SW
   Lalman, DL
TI Relationship of sire expected progeny differences to milk yield in
   Brangus cows
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE beef cattle; Brangus; milk expected progeny difference; milk yield;
   preweaning
ID RECIPROCAL-CROSS COWS; CALF WEANING WEIGHT; MATERNAL PERFORMANCE; ANGUS;
   DAUGHTERS; EFFICIENCY; SLAUGHTER; BRAHMAN; FESCUE; CALVES
AB Milk yield from 160 Brangus cows sired by 65 Brangus bulls was measured over a 3-yr period with a single-cow milking machine to estimate the relationship of actual milk yield of daughters and their calves'BW with cow sire EPD for milk during the preweaning period. Milk yield was measured six times per year at an average 49, 78, 109, 138, 168, and 198 d postpartum. The regression of daughters'milk yield on sire milk EPD was quadratic (P < 0.01), and the initial linear portion of the curve differed among months (P < 0.05) at an average cow BW. Similarly, the regression of 6-mo average 24-h milk yield on sire milk EPD was curvilinear (P < 0.05). When cow BW was fitted as a covariate in the regression of 6-mo average 24-h milk yield on sire milk EPD, there was an interaction of cow BW with linear sire milk EPD and quadratic sire milk EPD (P < 0.10). The associated response surface suggested that the regression was primarily linear in cows weighing : 520 kg and curvilinear in cows weighing > 520 kg. A trend existed for the regression of calf 205d weight on grandsire milk EPD to be curvilinear (P < 0.21); however, the regression of calf 205-d weight on milk yield of their dam was linear (P < 0.01). Results from these data suggest that genetic potential for milk yield, and possibly the associated effects on calf BW transmitted through the grandsire, may have a practical maximum because of nutritional limitations that prevent the expression of genetic potential beyond that level, particularly in heavier cows, which suggests the need to match sire milk EPD and cow BW with production environment.
C1 USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA.
   Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA.
RP Brown, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
EM mbrown@grl.ars.usda.gov
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0021-8812
J9 J ANIM SCI
JI J. Anim. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 5
BP 1194
EP 1201
PG 8
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA 019OP
UT WOS:000235846900025
PM 15827264
ER

PT J
AU Vargas, EA
   Whitaker, TB
   dos Santos, EA
   Slate, AB
   Lima, FB
   Franca, RCA
AF Vargas, EA
   Whitaker, TB
   dos Santos, EA
   Slate, AB
   Lima, FB
   Franca, RCA
TI Testing green coffee for ochratoxin A, part II: Observed distribution of
   ochratoxin A test results
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SHELLED PEANUTS; AFLATOXIN; LOTS; CORN
AB The suitability of 4 theoretical distributions (normal, lognormal, negative binomial, and gamma) to predict the observed distribution of ochratoxin A (OTA) in green coffee was investigated. One symmetrical and 3 positively skewed theoretical distributions were each fitted to 25 empirical distributions of OTA test results for green coffee beans. Parameters of each theoretical distribution were calculated by using Methods of Moments. The 3 skewed theoretical distributions provided acceptable fits to each of the 25 observed distributions. Because of its simplicity, the lognormal distribution was selected to model OTA test results for green coffee. Using variance equations determined in previous studies, mathematical expressions were developed to calculate the parameters of the log normal distribution for a given OTA lot concentration and test procedure. Observed acceptance probabilities were compared to an operating characteristic curve predicted from the lognormal distribution, and all 25 observed acceptance probabilities were found to lie within the 95% confidence band associated with the predicted operating characteristic curve. The parameters of compound gamma distribution were used to calculate the fraction of OTA contamination beans within a contaminated lot. The percent-contaminated beans were a function of the lot concentration and increased with lot concentration. At a lot concentration of 5 mu g/kg, approximately 6 beans per 10 000 beans are contaminated.
C1 Minist Agr Pecuaria & Abastecimento, Lab Controle Qualidade & Seguranca, Alimentar LAV MG, BR-30380090 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
   N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
   Minst Agr Pecuaria & Abastecimento, Dept Cafe, BR-86038000 Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
RP Vargas, EA (reprint author), Minist Agr Pecuaria & Abastecimento, Lab Controle Qualidade & Seguranca, Alimentar LAV MG, Av Raja Gabaglia 245,Cidade Jardim, BR-30380090 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
EM gena@cdlnet.com.br
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU AOAC INT
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA
SN 1060-3271
EI 1944-7922
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 3
BP 780
EP 787
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 932BN
UT WOS:000229529300021
PM 16001852
ER

PT J
AU Koontz, JL
   Phillips, KM
   Wunderiach, KM
   Exler, J
   Holden, JM
   Gebhardt, SE
   Haytowitz, DB
AF Koontz, JL
   Phillips, KM
   Wunderiach, KM
   Exler, J
   Holden, JM
   Gebhardt, SE
   Haytowitz, DB
TI Comparison of total folate concentrations in foods determined by
   microbiological assay at several experienced US commercial laboratories
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRI-ENZYME EXTRACTION; FOLIC-ACID;
   LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; MASS SPECTROMETRY; VEGETABLES; HPLC;
   MONOGLUTAMATES; DERIVATIVES; FOLACIN
AB Analysis of total folate concentration measured by microbiological assay in a variety of foods submitted in a routine manner to experienced laboratories that regularly perform folate analysis on fee-for-service basis was evaluated. Homogenates of fresh strawberries, frozen spinach, orange juice, frozen meat and vegetable pizza, dry macaroni, and dried pinto beans were prepared and stored under conditions previously determined to maintain stability of folate content. An aliquot of each composite and of 3 certified reference materials were sent on each of 4 occasions to 4 laboratories. Results for macaroni and pizza, the only folic acid-fortified foods, had considerably lower between-laboratory variation (CVB) with CVB of 9-11% versus >45% for other foods. Mean total folate ranged from 14 to 279 mu g/100 g for a mixed vegetable reference material, from 5 to 70 mu g/100 g for strawberries, and from 28 to 81 mu g/100 g for wholemeal flour. Only 1 laboratory reported using a tri-enzyme extraction, and all laboratories used folic acid fortified foods as internal control materials. Users of commercial total folate analysis should understand the uncertainty in values determined by microbiological assay, particularly for foods containing primarily naturally occurring folate, which may not be apparent when replicate samples are not submitted for analysis.
C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
   ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutrient Data Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Phillips, KM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, 304 Engel Hall 0308, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM kmpvpi@vt.edu
OI Phillips, Katherine/0000-0002-4586-8538
NR 49
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 10
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 3
BP 805
EP 813
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 932BN
UT WOS:000229529300025
PM 16001856
ER

PT J
AU Clodfelder, BJ
   Gullick, BM
   Lukaski, HC
   Neggers, Y
   Vincent, JB
AF Clodfelder, BJ
   Gullick, BM
   Lukaski, HC
   Neggers, Y
   Vincent, JB
TI Oral administration of the biomimetic [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)(6)(H2O)(3)](+)
   increases insulin sensitivity and improves blood plasma variables in
   healthy and type 2 diabetic rats (vol 10, pg 119, 2005)
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Coalit Biomol Prod, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
   USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
   Univ Alabama, Dept Human Nutr & Hosp Management, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
RP Vincent, JB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Chem & Coalit Biomol Prod, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM jvincent@bama.ua.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-8257
J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM
JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 3
BP 316
EP 316
DI 10.1007/s00775-005-0651-7
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 925ZR
UT WOS:000229092900012
ER

PT J
AU Mohamed, A
   Gordon, SH
   Harry-O'Kuru, RE
   Palmquist, DE
AF Mohamed, A
   Gordon, SH
   Harry-O'Kuru, RE
   Palmquist, DE
TI Phospholipids and wheat gluten blends: interaction and kinetics
SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE phospholipids; wheat gluten; kinetics; activation energy; poly-glutamic
   acid; differential scanning calorimetry
ID MODEL MEMBRANES; LASER RAMAN; FLOUR; STARCH; GELATINIZATION;
   CONFORMATION; SPECTROSCOPY; BREADMAKING; LIPIDS
AB A model system comprising of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and isolated gluten were used help understand the positive effect of PL on bread-loaf volume. The kinetics of the effect of gluten on the thermal properties of LPC were determined using DSC. Blends of PL and 3, 6, and 10% gluten were heated from 0 to 70 &DEG; C at rates between 3 and 19 &DEG; C/min and cooled to 0 &DEG; C. The onset and peak temperatures and &UDelta; H were recorded. The peak temperature was used to calculate the activation energy (E-a) and Z value. The transition for pure LPC vesicle formation was detectable by DSC in the presence of gluten. Gluten increased the activation energy of LPC during vesicle formation and disruption. The increase in gluten content from 3 to 6% and then to 10% had a slight effect on the activation energy value of LPC during vesicle disruption, whereas during formation a steady increase was noticed with higher gluten additions. Overall, the &UDelta; H of the blends showed a decrease at higher heating rate. The change in the PL activation energy in the presence of gluten is indicative of a form of interaction. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci, Biomat Proc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   USDA ARS, Plant Polymer Res, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   USDA ARS, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
   USDA ARS, Area Statistician, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Mohamed, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Cereal Prod & Food Sci, Biomat Proc Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM mohameda@ncaur.usda.gov
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0733-5210
J9 J CEREAL SCI
JI J. Cereal Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 3
BP 259
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2004.08.007
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 923CO
UT WOS:000228886700005
ER

PT J
AU Holappa, LD
   Walker-Simmons, MK
   Ho, THD
   Riechers, DE
   Beckles, DM
   Jones, RL
AF Holappa, LD
   Walker-Simmons, MK
   Ho, THD
   Riechers, DE
   Beckles, DM
   Jones, RL
TI A Triticum tauschii protein kinase related to wheat PKABA1 is associated
   with ABA signaling and is distributed between the nucleus and cytosol
SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Triticum tauschii; protein kinase; SNRK; GFP; PKABA1; ABA dehydration
ID ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; STRESS; GENE; BINDING;
   LOCALIZATION; DEHYDRATION; SUPERFAMILY; INTERACTS
AB A new member of the cereal PKABA1 subfamily of protein kinases, TtPK1, was isolated from Triticum tauschii, a diploid progenitor of hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum. The full-length TtPK1 cDNA was cloned from a library derived from vegetative tissues from 26 d old light grown T. tauschii seedlings. TtPK1 cDNA hybridizes to transcripts that are upregulated in dehydrated leaves and are abundant in coleoptile tissue of 7 d old T. aestivum seedlings. TtPK1 mRNA has nucleotide identities of 82 and 79% to PKABA1 and TaPK3, respectively, and deduced amino acid sequence identities of 84 and 83% to PKABA1 and TaPK3, respectively. TtPK1 is similar to members of the SnRK2 subfamily of protein kinases in that it contains a unique acidic domain at the carboxyl terminus, and all twelve of the conserved subdomains found in serine/threonine protein kinases. Functional analyses of TtPK1 transiently over-expressed by bombarding barley half-grains showed that TtPK1 could suppress gibberellic acid inducible alpha-amylase gene expression, a suppressive activity similar to that of both PKABA1 and ABA. When transiently expressed in barley aleurone protoplasts, TtPK1-GFP accumulates in the nucleus and cytosol while a mutant TtPK1-GFP was localized only to the cytoplasm and vacuoles. &COPY; 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA.
   Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
   Univ Illinois, Dept Weed Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vegetable Crops, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Holappa, LD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 311 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lholappa@nature.berkeley.edu
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0733-5210
J9 J CEREAL SCI
JI J. Cereal Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 3
BP 333
EP 346
DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2004.11.002
PG 14
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 923CO
UT WOS:000228886700014
ER

PT J
AU Robacker, DC
   Rios, C
AF Robacker, DC
   Rios, C
TI Grapefruit oil enhances attraction of mexican fruit flies to a synthetic
   food-odor lure
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diptera; Tephritidae; Anastrepha ludens; attractant; grapefruit oil
ID ANASTREPHA-LUDENS DIPTERA; HOST-FRUIT; LABORATORY-STRAIN; CITRUS
   ORCHARD; TEPHRITIDAE; PHEROMONE; RESPONSES; FLY; COMBINATIONS; VOLATILES
AB We investigated the attractiveness of grapefruit oil to the Mexican fruit fly. Only high concentrations were attractive in laboratory wind-tunnel bioassays. Attraction of flies to grapefruit oil was not enhanced if they had previous experience with grapefruit. In citrus orchard experiments, undiluted grapefruit oil attracted Mexican fruit flies and enhanced attraction to traps baited with a synthetic food-odor lure emitting ammonia and other nitrogenous chemicals. This is the first demonstration of host fruit odor increasing attraction to another type of attractive blend in Mexican fruit fly. These results indicate differences in the way the flies respond to undiluted grapefruit oil compared with previously tested fruit odors.
C1 USDA ARS, Crop Qual & Fruits Insects Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
RP Robacker, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Qual & Fruits Insects Res, 2413 E Highway 83,Bldg 200, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA.
EM drobacker@weslaco.ars.usda.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0098-0331
J9 J CHEM ECOL
JI J. Chem. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1039
EP 1049
DI 10.1007/s10886-005-4246-0
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 944WD
UT WOS:000230460700005
PM 16124231
ER

PT J
AU Shepherd, WP
   Sullivan, BT
   Goyer, RA
   Klepzig, KD
AF Shepherd, WP
   Sullivan, BT
   Goyer, RA
   Klepzig, KD
TI Electrophysiological and olfactometer responses of two histerid
   predators to three pine bark beetle pheromones
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Scolytidae; Histeridae; Dendroctonus; Ips; Platysoma; Plegaderus; bark
   beetle electrophysiology; hister beetle predators; host location;
   kairomone; attraction; frontalin; ipsenol; ipsdienol
ID THANASIMUS-FORMICARIUS; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES;
   VOLATILES; INSECTS; ATTRACTION; TEXAS; PREY; IPS
AB We measured electrophysiological responses in the antennae of two predaceous hister beetles, Platysoma parallelum and Plegaderus transversus, exposed to racemic mixtures of primary aggregation pheromones of scolytid bark beetle prey, ipsenol, ipsdienol, and frontalin. No significant differences were found for either histerid species between male and female antennal responses to any of the three pheromones. Measurement of antennal threshold responses indicated that Pla. parallelum has increasing antennal sensitivity to ipsdienol, ipsenol, and frontalin. In contrast, Ple. transversus exhibited similar detection thresholds to all three pheromones. Pla. parallelum antennae exhibited different response amplitudes to the three pheromones at quantities above the detection threshold, while Ple. transversus had similar responses to each. Behavioral responses to the same three pheromones were evaluated for both histerid species using pedestrian olfactometer bioassays. Both species were attracted to frontalin and ipsenol, but not ipsdienol. Pla. parallelum was significantly more attracted to frontalin than ipsenol, while Ple. transversus showed no significant preference for either compound. Our results suggest that histerids that prey upon pine bark beetles may have different host or host habitat preferences, which could reduce interspecific competition.
C1 Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA.
RP Shepherd, WP (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM wshepherd@agcenter.lsu.edu
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0098-0331
J9 J CHEM ECOL
JI J. Chem. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1101
EP 1110
DI 10.1007/s10886-005-4250-4
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 944WD
UT WOS:000230460700009
PM 16124235
ER

PT J
AU Millar, JG
   Grant, GG
   McElfresh, JS
   Strong, W
   Rudolph, C
   Stein, JD
   Moreira, JA
AF Millar, JG
   Grant, GG
   McElfresh, JS
   Strong, W
   Rudolph, C
   Stein, JD
   Moreira, JA
TI (3Z, 6Z, 9Z, 12Z, 15Z)-pentacosapentaene, a key pheromone component of
   the fir coneworm moth, Dioryaria abietivorella
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sex pheromone; Dioryctria abietivorella
   (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene; (9Z, 11E)-tetradecadienyl acetate;
   Pyrafidae; Crambidae
ID SEX-PHEROMONE; LEPIDOPTERA
AB The sex pheromone of the fir coneworm moth consists of a blend of (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene and (9Z,11E)-tetradecadienyl acetate. Analogous blends of polyunsaturated, long-chain hydrocarbons with much shorter chain aldehydes or, alcohols recently have been discovered in three other moth species in the superfamily Pyraloidea. These combinations of components from two distinct structural classes may represent an important and widespread new pheromone blend motif within the Lepidoptera.
C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
   Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
   British Columbia Minist Forests, Kalamalka Forestry Ctr, Vernon, BC V1B 2C7, Canada.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA 95667 USA.
   USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Millar, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM Jocelyn.millar@ucr.edu
NR 10
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0098-0331
J9 J CHEM ECOL
JI J. Chem. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 31
IS 5
BP 1229
EP 1234
DI 10.1007/s10886-005-5813-0
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 944WD
UT WOS:000230460700018
PM 16124244
ER

PT J
AU Kimball, BA
   Russell, JH
   Griffin, DL
   Johnston, JJ
AF Kimball, BA
   Russell, JH
   Griffin, DL
   Johnston, JJ
TI Response factor considerations for the quantitative analysis of western
   redcedar (Thuja plicata) foliar monoterpenes
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; ESSENTIAL OILS/; ENANTIOMERS; HYDROCARBONS; ABIES
C1 USDA WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
   Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   British Columbia Minist Forests, Res Branch, Forest Genet Sect, Mesachie Lake, BC VOR 2N0, Canada.
RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), USDA WS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM bruce.a.kimball@aphis.usda.gov
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0021-9665
J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI
JI J. Chromatogr. Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 5
BP 253
EP 258
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 927TY
UT WOS:000229224600006
PM 15975244
ER

PT J
AU Miller, WG
   On, SLW
   Wang, GL
   Fontanoz, S
   Lastovica, AJ
   Mandrell, RE
AF Miller, WG
   On, SLW
   Wang, GL
   Fontanoz, S
   Lastovica, AJ
   Mandrell, RE
TI Extended multilocus sequence typing system for Campylobacter coli, C
   lari, C-upsaliensis, and C-helveticus
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; FOODBORNE
   PATHOGEN; GENETIC DIVERSITY; JEJUNI; IDENTIFICATION; OUTBREAK;
   GASTROENTERITIS; INFECTION
AB A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system has been reported previously for Campylobacter jejuni to both differentiate strains and identify clonal lineages. However, sequence variation at the MLST loci prevents its use for closely related Campylobacter species. We describe herein an expanded MLST method to include three clinically relevant Campylobacter species, C. coli, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis, and a fourth Campylobacter species, C. helveticus. The C. coli and C. helveticus methods use the same seven C. jejuni loci (aspA, atpA, glnA, gltA, glyA, pgm, and tkt); however, adk and pgi were substituted for aspA and gltA in C. lari and for gltA and pgm in C. upsaliensis. Multiple C. coli (n = 57), C. lari (n = 20), C. upsaliensis (n = 78), and C. helveticus (n = 9) isolates, representing both clinical and environmental sources, were typed. All four species were genetically diverse: the majority (> 80%) of the isolates had unique sequence types (STs). Using this method, mixed C. lari, C. upsaliensis, and C. helveticus isolates were identified; upon separation, each isolate was shown to contain two strains of the same species with distinct STs. Additionally, the expanded MLST method was able to detect potential lateral transfer events between C. jejuni and either C. coli or C. lari and between C. upsaliensis and C. helveticus. Thus, the expanded MLST method will prove useful in differentiating strains of five Campylobacter species, identifying mixed Campylobacter cultures, and detecting genetic exchange within the genus.
C1 USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
   Danish Vet Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
   Univ Cape Town, Div Med Microbiol, Dept Clin Lab Sci, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
RP Miller, WG (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
EM bmiller@pw.usda.gov
NR 68
TC 125
Z9 127
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2315
EP 2329
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.5.2315-2329.2005
PG 15
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 925YR
UT WOS:000229090100043
PM 15872261
ER

PT J
AU Geens, T
   Desplanques, A
   Van Loock, M
   Bonner, BM
   Kaleta, EF
   Magnino, S
   Andersen, AA
   Everett, KDE
   Vanrompay, D
AF Geens, T
   Desplanques, A
   Van Loock, M
   Bonner, BM
   Kaleta, EF
   Magnino, S
   Andersen, AA
   Everett, KDE
   Vanrompay, D
TI Sequencing of the Chlamydophila psittaci ompA gene reveals a new
   genotype, E/B, and the need for a rapid discriminatory genotyping method
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; CHLAMYDIA-PSITTACI; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES;
   BIRDS; STRAINS; SEROVAR
AB Twenty-one avian Chlamydophila psittaci isolates from different European countries were characterized using ompA restriction fragment length polymorphism, ompA sequencing, and major outer membrane protein serotyping. Results reveal the presence of a new genotype, E/B, in several European countries and stress the need for a discriminatory rapid genotyping method.
C1 State Univ Ghent, Fac Agr & Appl Biol Sci, Dept Mol Biotechnol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
   Univ Catholique Louvain, Lab Physiol & Immunol Domest Anim, Louvain, Belgium.
   Univ Giessen, Inst Geflugelkrankheiten, Giessen, Germany.
   Natl Ref Lab Anim Chlamydioses, Sez Pavia, Ist Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lombardia Emilia, Pavia, Italy.
   Natl Anim Dis Ctr, United States Dept Agr, Ames, IA USA.
   Inst Environm Hlth, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Geens, T (reprint author), State Univ Ghent, Fac Agr & Appl Biol Sci, Dept Mol Biotechnol, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM tom.geens@ugent.be
NR 26
TC 69
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2456
EP 2461
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.5.2456-2461.2005
PG 6
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 925YR
UT WOS:000229090100064
PM 15872282
ER

PT J
AU O'Carroll, DM
   Abriola, LM
   Polityka, CA
   Bradford, SA
   Demond, AH
AF O'Carroll, DM
   Abriola, LM
   Polityka, CA
   Bradford, SA
   Demond, AH
TI Prediction of two-phase capillary pressure-saturation relationships in
   fractional wettability systems
SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE multiphase flow; NAPL; wettability; retention; capillary pressure;
   saturation; tetrachlorethene; leverett; cassie; scaling
ID SUBSURFACE TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ACID SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; POROUS-MEDIA;
   CONTAMINATED SANDS; MIXED-WETTABILITY; MULTIPHASE FLOW; 2-FLUID;
   SURFACE; ENTRAPMENT; RESERVOIRS
AB Capillary pressure/saturation data are often difficult and time consuming to measure, particularly for non-water-wetting porous media. Few capillary pressure/saturation predictive models, however, have been developed or verified for the range of wettability conditions that may be encountered in the natural subsurface. This work presents a new two-phase capillary pressure/saturation model for application to the prediction of primary drainage and imbibition relations in fractional wettability media. This new model is based upon an extension of Leverett scaling theory. Analysis of a series of DNAPL/water experiments, conducted for a number of water/intermediate and water/organic fractional wettability systems, reveals that previous models fail to predict observed behavior. The new Leverett-Cassic model, however, is demonstrated to provide good representations of these data, as well as those from two earlier fractional wettability studies. The Leverett-Cassie model holds promise for field application, based upon its foundation in fundamental scaling principles, its requirement for relatively few and physically based input parameters, and its applicability to a broad range of wetting conditions. &COPY; 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
   Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
   Tufts Univ, Sch Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
   HSW Engn, Orlando, FL 32801 USA.
   Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP O'Carroll, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr, Salin Lab, 450 Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM denismo@umich.edu; Linda.Abriola@tufts.edu; cpolityk@umich.edu;
   sbradford@ussl.ars.usda.gov; averyd@engin.umich.edu
RI Abriola, Linda/F-7624-2010; O'Carroll, Denis/E-6382-2013; 
OI O'Carroll, Denis/0000-0001-6557-226X
NR 47
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-7722
J9 J CONTAM HYDROL
JI J. Contam. Hydrol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 77
IS 4
BP 247
EP 270
DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2005.01.004
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 927BN
UT WOS:000229167500002
PM 15854719
ER

PT J
AU Prapong, S
   Reinhardt, TA
   Goff, JP
   Horst, RL
AF Prapong, S
   Reinhardt, TA
   Goff, JP
   Horst, RL
TI Short communication: Ca2+-Adenosine triphosphatase protein expression in
   the mammary gland of periparturient cows
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase; milk fever; milk fat globule membrane;
   mammary gland
ID CA2+-ATPASE; MILK
AB The objectives of this study were to measure the changes in protein expression of the mammary Ca2+-ATPases during the periparturient period and to determine whether Ca2+-ATPase protein expression in the mammary gland is related to milk fever (MF) development. Abundance of Ca2+-ATPase in mammary tissue and milk fat globule membranes was determined by Western blotting. The secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase was elevated prepartum in mammary tissue from cows that developed MF compared with non-MF cows.
C1 USDA ARS, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RP Reinhardt, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
EM treinhar@nadc.ars.usda.gov
RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009
OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 5
BP 1741
EP 1744
PG 4
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 916BK
UT WOS:000228358800016
PM 15829666
ER

PT J
AU Misselbrook, TH
   Powell, JM
   Broderick, GA
   Grabber, JH
AF Misselbrook, TH
   Powell, JM
   Broderick, GA
   Grabber, JH
TI Dietary manipulation in dairy cattle: Laboratory experiments to assess
   the influence on ammonia emissions
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE dietary manipulation; crude protein; tannin; ammonia emission
ID SLURRY APPLICATION TECHNIQUES; SURFACE APPLICATION; TEMPERATE FORAGES;
   CONDENSED TANNINS; METHANE EMISSIONS; NITROUS-OXIDE; UNITED-STATES; PIG
   SLURRY; PROTEIN; COWS
AB Improvements to the efficiency of dietary nitrogen use by lactating dairy cattle can be made by altering the concentration and form of protein in the diet. This study collected urine and feces from dairy cows from selected crude protein (CP) treatments of 2 lactation studies. In the first trial, collections were made from cattle fed a diet with high (19.4%) or low (13.6%) CP content (HCP and LCP, respectively). In the second trial, collections were made from cattle fed diets in which the forage legume component was alfalfa (ALF) or birdsfoot trefoil with a low (BFTL) or high (BFTH) concentration of condensed tannins (CT). A system of small laboratory chambers was used to measure NH3 emissions over 48 h from applications of equal quantities of urine and feces to cement (simulating a barn floor) and from applications of slurries, made by combining feces and urine in the proportions in which they were excreted for each treatment, to soil. Reducing dietary CP content resulted in less total N excretion and a smaller proportion of the excreted N being present in urine; urine N concentration was 90% greater for HCP than LCP. Surprisingly, NH3 emissions from the barn floor were similar in absolute terms despite the great differences in urine urea-N concentrations, presumably because urease activity was limiting. Cumulative emissions from fresh slurries applied to soil represented 18% of applied N for both HCP and LCP. Following storage at 20 degrees C for 2 wk, cumulative emissions from LCP were much lower than for HCP, representing 9 and 25% of applied N, respectively. Emissions were also lower when expressed as a proportion of slurry total ammoniacal N (TAN) content (24 and 31%, respectively) because of treatment differences in slurry pH. Increasing CT content of the dietary forage legume component resulted in a shift in N excretion from urine to feces. Cumulative NH3 emissions from the barn floor were greater for ALF than for BFTL or BFTH. Emissions from fresh and stored slurries were in proportion to slurry TAN contents, with approximately 35% of applied TAN being lost for all treatments. Emissions expressed as a proportion of total N applied were consistently lower for BFTH than for ALF.
C1 Inst Grassland & Environm Res, Okehampton EX20 2SB, Devon, England.
   USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Misselbrook, TH (reprint author), Inst Grassland & Environm Res, N Wyke, Okehampton EX20 2SB, Devon, England.
EM tom.misselbrook@bbsrc.ac.uk
RI Misselbrook, Tom/N-2385-2014
OI Misselbrook, Tom/0000-0002-4594-3606
NR 45
TC 106
Z9 110
U1 3
U2 41
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 5
BP 1765
EP 1777
PG 13
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 916BK
UT WOS:000228358800020
PM 15829670
ER

PT J
AU Wiggans, GR
   Goodling, RC
AF Wiggans, GR
   Goodling, RC
TI Accounting for pregnancy diagnosis in predicting days open
SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE pregnancy confirmation; days open
ID GENETIC EVALUATION; COW FERTILITY
AB The system for estimating days open for cows with no subsequent lactation was examined to determine if estimates should vary depending on pregnancy diagnosis. Pregnancy diagnosis information was unavailable when the original prediction system was developed, but collection was begun in 2002. New prediction equations were estimated from nearly 1.1 million Holstein lactations for 20-d intervals from 110 to 250 days in milk ( DIM). Use of pregnancy diagnosis improved accuracy compared with the original system. The improvement was particularly evident for lactations of cows confirmed to be open in the 130-to-149 DIM interval, where predicted days open increased by >96 d. For lactations of cows with a confirmed pregnancy, predicted days open decreased by 18 d for the same interval. Prediction errors decreased with increasing DIM. Jersey lactations averaged fewer days open, but in most cases Holstein solutions provided adequate predictions. Specific adjustments were generated for Jersey lactations with no breedings reported. Those adjustments reduced the predicted days open averaged across parity by an amount that increased from 9 to 27 d with DIM interval. The new prediction equations were implemented for November 2004 evaluations for daughter pregnancy rate.
C1 USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Wiggans, GR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA
SN 0022-0302
J9 J DAIRY SCI
JI J. Dairy Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 5
BP 1873
EP 1877
PG 5
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology
SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology
GA 916BK
UT WOS:000228358800031
PM 15829681
ER

PT J
AU Rhoton, FE
   Bigham, JM
AF Rhoton, FE
   Bigham, JM
TI Phosphate adsorption by ferrihydrite-amended soils
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-OXIDES; AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; ALUMINUM; SORPTION;
   EUTROPHICATION; PERSPECTIVE; SOLUBILITY; MINERALOGY; OXISOLS; RUNOFF
AB New technology and approaches for reducing P in runoff from high sediment yield areas are essential due to implementation of increasingly rigorous water quality standards. The objectives of this research were to characterize ferrihydrite (Fe(5)HO(8)center dot 4H(2)O) in terms of its ability to adsorb P from soil solutions and relate its P adsorptive capacity to several soil properties that influence P mobility. A naturally occurring ferrihydrite, collected as an Fe oxide sludge by-product from a water treatment facility, was equilibrated with soil samples at equivalent rates of 0, 0.34, 3.36, 16.80, and 33.60 Mg ha(-1) for a 60-d period. Individual 2-g subsamples of each soil were then equilibrated with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg kg(-1) P in 20 mL of 0.01 M CaCl2 on a reciprocating shaker for 24 h. After 24 h, P in solution was measured by colorimetric methods, and designated as final P concentrations. The data indicated that the unamended soils with a pH of < 6.0 adsorbed, in some cases, 50 times more P than soils with a pH of > 7.0. The final P concentrations, averaged for all initial P concentrations and ferrihydrite rates, ranged from 0.09 to 4.63 mg kg(-1), and were most highly correlated with pH (r = 0.844; P <= 0.01), oxalate-extractable Fe (r = -0.699; P <= 0.10), and dithionite-extractable Fe (r = -0.639; P :<= 0.10) contents of the unamended soils. In terms of individual soils, correlation coefficients (r) for final P concentrations versus ferrihydrite amendment rates indicated a statistically significant (P <= 0.001) negative relationship at all initial P concentrations for most A horizons. The r values for the high Fe oxide content B horizon soils did not show a statistically significant response to ferrihydrite additions. The results indicate that P adsorption, in soils amended with ferrihydrite, will be greatest under acid pH conditions below the ferrihydrite zero point of charge (pH 5.77), and low incipient Fe oxide contents.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Rhoton, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA.
EM frhoton@ars.usda.gov
NR 33
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 890
EP 896
DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0176
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 928IM
UT WOS:000229265000015
PM 15843652
ER

PT J
AU Hakk, H
   Millner, P
   Larsen, G
AF Hakk, H
   Millner, P
   Larsen, G
TI Decrease in water-soluble 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in
   composted poultry manure with time
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; BREAST-CANCER; IN-VITRO; DEGRADATION;
   ESTROGENS; HORMONES; SOIL; ESTRONE; SYSTEMS; RUNOFF
AB Little attention has been paid to the environmental fate of the hormones 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone excreted in animal waste. Land application of manure has a considerable potential to affect the environment with these endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). Composting is known to decompose organic matter to a stable, humus-like material. The goal of the present study was to quantitatively assess levels of water-soluble 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in composting chicken manure with time. Chicken layer manure was mixed with hay, straw, decomposed leaves, and starter compost, adjusted to approximately 60% moisture, and placed into a windrow. A clay-amended windrow was also prepared. Windrows were turned weekly, and temperature, oxygen, and CO2 in the composting mass were monitored for either 133 or 139 d. Commercial enzyme immunoassay kits were used to quantitate the levels of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in aqueous sample extracts. Water-soluble quantities of both hormones diminished during composting. The decrease in 17 beta-estradiol followed first-order kinetics, with a rate constant k = -0.010/d. Testosterone levels declined at a slightly higher rate than 17 beta-estradiol (i.e., k = -0.015/d). Both hormones could still be measured in aqueous extracts of compost sampled at the conclusion of composting. The decline in water-soluble 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in extracts of clay-amended compost was not statistically different from normal compost. These data suggest that composting may be an environmentally friendly technology suitable for reducing, but not eliminating, the concentrations of these endocrine disrupting hormones at concentrated animal operation facilities.
C1 USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
   USDA ARS, Soil Microbial Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Hakk, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
EM hakkh@fargo.ars.usda.gov
NR 56
TC 35
Z9 39
U1 2
U2 30
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 943
EP 950
DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0164
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 928IM
UT WOS:000229265000021
PM 15843658
ER

PT J
AU Schwartz, RC
   Dao, TH
AF Schwartz, RC
   Dao, TH
TI Phosphorus extractability of soils amended with stockpiled and composted
   cattle manure
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCTACALCIUM PHOSPHATE; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; UNITED-STATES; AVAILABILITY;
   SORPTION; RUNOFF; SOLUBILIZATION; TRANSFORMATION; ADSORPTION; DESORPTION
AB Managing fertilizer applications to maintain soil P below environmentally unacceptable levels should consider the contribution of manure and synthetic fertilizer sources to soluble and extractable forms of P. Our objective was to evaluate soil and manure characteristics and application rates on P extractability in recently amended soils. Five soils of the U.S. southern High Plains were amended with beef cattle manures, composted beef manure, and inorganic fertilizers [Ca(H2PO4)(2) or KH2PO4] at five rates and incubated under controlled conditions. Mehlich 3-, Olsen (NaHCO3)-, Texas A&M extractant (TAM)-, and water-extractable P were determined for the soils after selected incubation periods. Except for TAM and some water extractions, P extractability as a function of total P applied was linear (P < 0.001) for a wide range of application rates. Mehlich-3, NaHCO3, and water P extraction efficiencies of KH2PO4-amended soils averaged 22, 34, and 115% greater (P <= 0.036), respectively, than efficiencies of soils amended with manures except for the Texline (calcareous) loam and Pullman clay loam soils. Phosphorus extraction efficiencies decreased with time for KH2PO4-amended soils (P < 0.05) but remained stable or increased for manure-amended soils during the 8-wk incubation period. Across all soils and manure sources, changes in water-extractable P per unit increase in Mehlich 3-, NaHCO3-, and TAM-extractable P averaged 100, 85, and 125% greater, respectively, for inorganic as compared with manure-amended soils. These source-dependent relationships limit the use of agronomic soil extractants to make correct inferences about water-extractable P and dissolved P in runoff.
C1 USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
   USDA ARS, BARC E, AMBL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Schwartz, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
EM rschwart@cpri.ars.usda.gov
NR 45
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 970
EP 978
DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0317
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 928IM
UT WOS:000229265000024
PM 15843661
ER

PT J
AU Burkey, KO
   Miller, JE
   Fiscus, EL
AF Burkey, KO
   Miller, JE
   Fiscus, EL
TI Assessment of ambient ozone effects on vegetation using snap bean as a
   bioindicator species
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUNTAINS-NATIONAL-PARK; YIELD RESPONSES; INJURY; GROWTH; CULTIVARS
AB Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant that is toxic to plants, causing visible injury to foliage and a reduction in growth and yield. The use of plant bioindicators is one approach to assess the ozone impacts in diverse geographical areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as a potential bioindicator species. Three snap bean genotypes known to exhibit a range of ozone sensitivity were grown in pots under charcoal-filtered (CF) or nonfiltered (NF) treatments in open-top chambers, or under ambient air (AA) conditions. Treatment effects on biomass were not significant at 56 days after planting (DAP), but midseason foliar injury increased in the NF and AA treatments relative to CF controls. An increase in ozone from 25 to 30 nL L-1 in CF controls to approximately 50 nL L-1 in the NF and AA treatments was found to suppress final pod dry weight per plant by 40 to 60% in the most sensitive genotype S156. The same treatments suppressed final pod dry weight by 20 to 30% in a moderately sensitive genotype Oregon-91, and by 10% or less in a tolerant genotype R123. An S156 to R123 yield ratio of approximately one was observed under CF conditions. The S156 to R123 yield ratio declined to 0.6 to 0.7 in the NF treatment and declined further to 0.4 to 0.5 in the AA treatment, suggesting that ozone impact was underestimated in the open-top chambers. The results suggest that a snap bean bioindicator system has the potential to detect ambient ozone effects at present-day ozone concentrations.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
   N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
RP Burkey, KO (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
EM koburkey@unity.ncsu.edu
NR 15
TC 24
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 1081
EP 1086
DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0008
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 928IM
UT WOS:000229265000036
PM 15888894
ER

PT J
AU Thoma, DP
   Gupta, SC
   Strock, JS
   Moncrief, JF
AF Thoma, DP
   Gupta, SC
   Strock, JS
   Moncrief, JF
TI Tillage and nutrient source effects on water quality and corn grain
   yield from a flat landscape
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE WATER; TILE DRAINAGE; LAND-USE; NITRATE; LOSSES;
   RUNOFF; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; SURFACE; MANURE
AB Beneficial effects of leaving residue at the soil surface are well documented for steep lands, but not for flat lands that are drained with surface inlets and tile lines. This study quantified the effects of tillage and nutrient source on tile line and surface inlet water quality under continuous corn (Zea mays L.) from relatively flat lands (< 3%). Tillage treatments were either fall chisel or moldboard plow. Nutrient sources were either fall injected liquid hog manure or spring incorporated urea. The experiment was on a Webster-Canisteo clay loam (Typic Endoaquolls) at Lamberton, MN. Surface inlet runoff was analyzed for flow, total solids, NO3-N, NH4-N, dissolved P, and total P. Tile line effluent was analyzed for flow, NO3-N, and NH4-N. In four years of rainstorm and snowmelt events there were few significant differences (p < 0.10) in water quality of surface inlet or tile drainage between treatments. Residue cover minimally reduced soil erosion during both snowmelt and rainfall runoff events. There was a slight reduction in mineral N losses via surface inlets from manure treatments. There was also a slight decrease (p = 0.025) in corn grain yield from chisel-plow plots (9.7 Mg ha(-1)) compared with moldboard-plow plots (10.1 Mg ha(-1)). Chisel plowing (approximately 30% residue cover) alone is not sufficient to reduce nonpoint source sediment pollution from these poorly drained flat lands to the extent (40% reduction) desired by regulatory agencies.
C1 USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
   SW Res & Outreach Ctr, Lamberton, MN 56152 USA.
RP Thoma, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM dthoma@tucson.ars.ag.gov
NR 44
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 17
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 1102
EP 1111
DI 10.2134/jeq2004.0200
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 928IM
UT WOS:000229265000038
PM 15888896
ER

PT J
AU Huynh, LN
   VanToai, T
   Streeter, J
   Banowetz, G
AF Huynh, LN
   VanToai, T
   Streeter, J
   Banowetz, G
TI Regulation of flooding tolerance of SAG12 : ipt Arabidopsis plants by
   cytokinin
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE abiotic stress; abscisic acid; cytokinin; ipt gene; real-time RT-PCR;
   SAG12 gene; submergence; waterlogging
ID XYLEM SAP; LEAF SENESCENCE; ABSCISIC-ACID; GROWTH; SOIL; SEEDLINGS;
   ETHYLENE; KINETIN; STRESS; ANOXIA
AB A SAG12:ipt gene construct, which increases cytokinin biosynthesis in response to senescence, was introduced into Arabidopsis plants to delay senescence induced by flooding stress. Two forms of flooding stress, including total submergence and root waterlogging, were applied to SAG12:ipt (IPT) and wild-type (WT) plants for 1, 3, and 5 d. A separate experiment compared the recovery of WT and IPT plants subjected to flooding stress. Biomass accumulation, carbohydrate and chlorophyll contents, and cytokinin and abscisic acid were quantified to compare genotypic responses to flooding stress and post-flooding recovery. Real-time RT-PCR studies were performed to quantify ipt and SAG12 gene expression. IPT plants exposed to waterlogging accumulated greater quantities of cytokinins more rapidly than WT plants or those exposed to total submergence. Cytokinin accumulation was accompanied by phenotypic adaptations, including chlorophyll retention and increased biomass and carbohydrate content relative to WT plants. Abscisic acid accumulated rapidly in WT and IPT plants under waterlogging stress but remained low in all genotypes exposed to total submergence. IPT plants showed improved recovery after waterlogging stress was removed. Expression of ipt in submerged plants did not result in cytokinin accumulation until submergence stress was removed. At that point, IPT plants accumulated greater quantities of cytokinin and recovered to a greater extent than WT plants. This study established the relationship between flooding tolerance and cytokinin accumulation in IPT plants and suggested that translation of ipt transcripts and subsequent cytokinin accumulation were delayed under submergence stress.
C1 ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Units, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   ARS, USDA, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP VanToai, T (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Units, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM tvantoai@tigr.org
NR 41
TC 46
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0957
J9 J EXP BOT
JI J. Exp. Bot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 56
IS 415
BP 1397
EP 1407
DI 10.1093/jxb/eri141
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 919RW
UT WOS:000228636300015
ER

PT J
AU Solomon, EB
   Niemira, BA
   Sapers, GM
   Annous, BA
AF Solomon, EB
   Niemira, BA
   Sapers, GM
   Annous, BA
TI Biofilrn formation, cellulose production, and curli biosynthesis by
   Salmonella originating from produce, animal, and clinical sources
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; AGGREGATIVE BEHAVIOR;
   LEAF SURFACES; TYPHIMURIUM; ATTACHMENT; ADHERENCE; BACTERIA; STRAINS;
   SPROUTS
AB The ability of 71 strains of Salmonella enterica originating from produce, meat, or clinical sources to form biofilms was investigated. A crystal violet binding assay demonstrated no significant differences in biofilm formation by isolates from any source when tested in any of the following three media: Luria-Bertani broth supplemented with 2% glucose, tryptic soy broth (TSB), or 1/20th-strength TSB. Incubation was overnight at 30&DEG; C under static conditions. Curli production and cellulose production were monitored by assessing morphotypes on Luria-Bertani agar without salt containing Congo red and by assessing fluorescence on Luria-Bertani agar containing calcofluor, respectively. One hundred percent of the clinical isolates exhibited curli biosynthesis, and 73% demonstrated cellulose production. All meat-related isolates formed curli, and 84% produced cellulose. A total of 80% of produce-related isolates produced curli, but only 52% produced cellulose. Crystal violet binding was not statistically different between isolates representing the three morphotypes when grown in TSB; however, significant differences were observed when strains were cultured in the two other media tested. These data demonstrate that the ability to form biofilms is not dependent on the source of the test isolate and suggest a relationship between crystal violet binding and morphotype, with curli- and cellulose-deficient isolates being least effective in biofilm formation.
C1 USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Annous, BA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM bannous@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 34
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 6
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 68
IS 5
BP 906
EP 912
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 923YT
UT WOS:000228946200002
PM 15895720
ER

PT J
AU Berrang, ME
   Meinersmann, RJ
   Frank, JF
   Smith, DP
   Genzlinger, LL
AF Berrang, ME
   Meinersmann, RJ
   Frank, JF
   Smith, DP
   Genzlinger, LL
TI Distribution of Listeria monocytogenes subtypes within a poultry further
   processing plant
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS PFGE; PRINCIPAL SOURCES; MEAT; CONTAMINATION;
   PERSISTENT; STRAINS; ENVIRONMENT; PRODUCTS; LEVEL; DNA
AB Samples from environmental sites and raw product in a chicken further processing plant were collected every 6 weeks for 12 months. Each sample site was examined before and after a complete production shift. All samples were examined for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes, which was detected in floor drains on the raw product side of the plant preoperation and in drains on both raw and cooked sides following 8 h of processing operation. L. monocytogenes also was detected in raw product and once in fully cooked product but never on cooked product contact surfaces. One hundred sixty-one isolates were collected from 75 positive samples. All isolates were subtyped using a sequence-based method, and 14 unique subtypes were detected through the course of the study. Four of these types were found repeatedly and appeared to be resident in the plant. Three of the four resident strains were detected on raw product at some point during the year-long study, suggesting that raw product may be one source of L. monocytogenes in the processing plant environment. These data highlight the need for research to investigate why some types of L. monocytogenes persist in a processing plant environment but others do not.
C1 USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
   Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM mberrang@saa.ars.usda.gov
NR 26
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 5
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 68
IS 5
BP 980
EP 985
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 923YT
UT WOS:000228946200012
PM 15895730
ER

PT J
AU Kniel, KE
   Jenkins, MC
AF Kniel, KE
   Jenkins, MC
TI Detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts on fresh vegetables and
   herbs using antibodies specific for a Cryptosporidium parvum viral
   antigen
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-STRANDED RNAS; CYCLOSPORA-CAYETANENSIS; WATER-SUPPLIES; GIARDIA
   CYSTS; VIRUS-LIKE; OUTBREAK; IRRIGATION; INFECTION; PARASITES; CILANTRO
AB The purpose of this study was to determine if the viral symbiont of Cryptosporidium parvum (CPV) sporozoites could be used as a target for sensitive detection of the parasite in food samples. Polyclonal sera specific to the recombinant viral capsid protein (rCPV40) was used in a dot blot hybridization assay to detect oocysts recovered from green onions and cilantro. Small batches of chopped green onions and cilantro leaves were artificially contaminated with three different concentrations Of oocysts: 10(6), 10(2), and 10(1). rCPV40 was superior in detecting oocysts compared with other antibodies directed toward total oocyst protein and oocyst surface antigens. This study provides evidence that CPV is an excellent target for sensitive detection of C parvum oocysts in foods.
C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
   USDA, Animal Parasit Dis Lab, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Kniel, KE (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM kniel@udel.edu
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 4
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 68
IS 5
BP 1093
EP 1096
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 923YT
UT WOS:000228946200031
PM 15895749
ER

PT J
AU Sommers, CH
   Mackay, WJ
AF Sommers, CH
   Mackay, WJ
TI DNA damage-inducible gene expression and formation of
   5-fluorouracil-resistant mutants in Escherichia coli exposed to
   2-dodecylcyclobutanone
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB); irradiation; mutation; DNA; gene
   expression
ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STERILIZED CHICKEN; MUTAGENICITY TEST; SOS
   CHROMOTEST; STRAIN TA102; MUTATIONS; SEQUENCE; ASSAY; IRRADIATION;
   TOXICOLOGY
AB 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB) is formed by the radiolysis of palmitic acid and is present at low part-per-million (approximately 0.1 mu g/g) levels in irradiated meat products. Recently, equivocal results obtained using a DNA strand breakage test, the Comet Assay, raised the possibility that 2-DCB could be a weak genotoxin. To more accurately assess 2-DCB's potential genotoxicity, it was tested for the ability to increase expression of the DNA damage-inducible genes dinD, nfo, recA, and umuDC using Escherichia coli that contained promoter/beta-galactosidase reporter constructs, and for the ability to increase the formation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant mutants. When E. coli was exposed to 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mu g/mL 2-DCB, with and without exogenous metabolic activation, no increase in dinD, nfo, recA, or umuDC gene expression, as measured by an increase in P-galactosidase activity, was observed. In addition, 2-DCB did not increase the formation of 5-FU-resistant mutants in E. coli, with and without exogenous metabolic activation, at the same concentrations. No evidence of 2-DCB-associated genotoxic activity was detected in this study.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
   Edinboro Univ Penn, Dept Biol & Hlth Serv, Edinboro, PA USA.
RP Sommers, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM csommers@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 4
BP C254
EP C257
PG 4
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 932YV
UT WOS:000229591600007
ER

PT J
AU Widmer, W
   Haun, C
AF Widmer, W
   Haun, C
TI Variation in furanocoumarin content and new furanocoumarin dimers in
   commercial grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) juices
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE grapefruit; CYP3A4; P450; furanocoumarin; psoralen; coumarin; drug
   interaction; Citrus paradisi
ID DRUG-INTERACTIONS; FELODIPINE INTERACTION; NARINGIN; INHIBITION;
   COMPONENTS; MECHANISM; RELEVANCE; HUMANS
AB Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) sales and crop value have declined during the last decade. One reason is consumer concerns about possible drug interactions. Coadministered grapefruit increases the bioavailability of some medicines because it contains furanocournarins that inhibit an intestinal enzyme (cytochrome P450-3A4 or CYP3A4) that normally metabolizes these drugs. Only drugs metabolized by intestinal CYP3A4 are significantly affected when taken with grapefruit juice, but the magnitude of the effect varies considerably between studies, indicating that there are differences in the amount of components responsible for CYP3A4 inhibition in commercial grapefruit juices. Content variation of 6,7-dihydroxybergamottin, bergamottin, and 6 furanocoumarin dimers were determined for 58 commercial grapefruit juices collected over 2 seasons. The content of 6,7-dihydroxybergamottin ranged from 0.2 to 7.7 ppm in all juices tested, and averaged 1.8 &PLUSMN; 0.85 ppm in the red compared with 2.9 &PLUSMN; 2.07 ppm for white grapefruit juices. Bergamottin content ranged from 1.6 to 7.3 ppm for all juices and averaged 3.4 &PLUSMN; 0.98 and 4.2 &PLUSMN; 1.23 ppm and in red and white grapefruit juices, respectively. Only I dimer varied significantly between the red and white juice types. Dihydroxybergamottin and 2 dimer compounds were significantly lower in shelf-stable or nonrefrigerated products compared with refrigerated products whereas bergamottin and 1 dimer compound occurred at higher levels in the shelf-stable products. Individual measured dimer compounds varied up to 60-fold in all juices, but the sum of all 6 dimers varied only 14-fold. The clinical significance in terms of CYP3A4 inhibition is uncertain. The presence of 3 new furanocoumarin dimers are also reported.
C1 USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33880 USA.
   Florida Dept Citrus, Lake Alfred, FL USA.
RP Widmer, W (reprint author), USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, 600 Ave S NW, Winter Haven, FL 33880 USA.
EM wwidmer@citrus.usda.gov
NR 24
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 10
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 4
BP C307
EP C312
PG 6
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 932YV
UT WOS:000229591600016
ER

PT J
AU Annous, BA
   Sapers, GM
   Jones, DM
   Burke, A
AF Annous, BA
   Sapers, GM
   Jones, DM
   Burke, A
TI Improved recovery procedure for evaluation of sanitizer efficacy in
   disinfecting contaminated cantaloupes
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cantaloupe; dip-inoculation; spot-inoculation; recovery; disinfection;
   microbiological safety
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SALMONELLA; SURFACE; MELON
AB Improved methodology for recovering microbial contaminants from cantaloupe surface is needed. Recovery of bacteria from the entire rind of cantaloupes, obtained with a mechanical peeler, and use of a new method for calculating melon surface area were investigated using melons inoculated with Salmonella Poona or Escherichia coli NRRL B-766. Growth of Salmonella but not E. coli was found during post-inoculation storage at 20 &DEG; C. The new sampling methodology was equivalent to use of replicate rind plugs, taken at multiple sites on the melon surface, in recovery of both organisms. Recovery was the same by both procedures for dip- and spot-inoculated samples, sanitized or not sanitized, and for post-inoculation holding times up to 72 h. Survival of Salmonella on dip- and spot-inoculated cantaloupe surfaces following sanitizer wash treatments was similar.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Annous, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM bannous@arserrc.gov
NR 15
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 4
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 4
BP M242
EP M247
PG 6
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 932YV
UT WOS:000229591600033
ER

PT J
AU Jonnala, RS
   Dunford, NT
   Chenault, K
AF Jonnala, RS
   Dunford, NT
   Chenault, K
TI Nutritional composition of genetically modified peanut varieties
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE biotechnology; nutritional composition; peanut; transgenic peanuts
AB Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an economically important crop throughout the world, is susceptible to many types of fungal pathogens. Genetic engineering offers great potential for developing peanut cultivars resistant to a broad spectrum of pathogens that pose a recurring threat to peanut health. The main objective of this research project was to assess the "substantial equivalence" and nutritional safety of biotechnology derived peanut lines. The focus of this study was on genetically modified peanut (GMP) lines developed for growth in the southwestern United States. Three transgenic peanut lines, 188, 540, and 654, and the parent line Okrun were analyzed for their on, protein, ash, moisture, total dietary fiber, mineral, and fatty acid compositions. Oil content of all the GMP lines was similar to that of the parent line. The GMP line 188 had significantly higher protein content than the parent line, Okrun. Although there were statistical differences in the fatty acid composition among some of the GMP lines and the parent line, the variations were not substantial. The proximate compositions of all peanut lines were within the range reported for traditional peanut varieties. This study indicates that, for the peanut lines studied, genetic modification did not cause substantial unintentional changes in peanut chemical composition, which might reduce the nutritional value of peanut.
C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   Oklahoma State Univ, Food & Agr Prod Res & Technol Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
   USDA, ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA.
RP Dunford, NT (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Room 103, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM Nurhan.Dunford@okstate.edu
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 17
PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS
PI CHICAGO
PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA
SN 0022-1147
J9 J FOOD SCI
JI J. Food Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 70
IS 4
BP S254
EP S256
PG 3
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 932YV
UT WOS:000229591600035
ER

PT J
AU Sinisterra, XH
   McKenzie, CL
   Hunter, WB
   Powell, CA
   Shatters, RG
AF Sinisterra, XH
   McKenzie, CL
   Hunter, WB
   Powell, CA
   Shatters, RG
TI Differential transcriptional activity of plant-pathogenic begomoviruses
   in their whitefly vector (Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius : Hemiptera
   Aleyrodidae)
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAF-CURL-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION PATHWAY; TOMATO; GEMINIVIRUSES;
   RESISTANCE; INFECTION; BIOTYPE; DNA; PCR
AB Plant-pathogenic begonnoviruses have a complex association with their whitefly vector and aspects concerning virus genetic activity (genome replication and gene transcription) within the insect remain highly controversial. Virus transcript abundance was assessed by quantifying selected gene transcripts of Tomato mottle virus (ToMoV, a New World bipartite begonnovirus) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, an Old World monopartite begomovirus) in whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci biotype 13) after feeding on virus-infected tomato plants and after subsequent transfer to cotton, a plant that is immune to the selected begonnoviruses. Real-time RT-PCR was performed using specific primers for three ToMoV genes (AV1, BC1 and BV1) and three TYLCV genes (V1, V2 and C3). The ToMoV gene transcripts rapidly became undetectable in whiteflies following transfer from tomato to cotton, probably because degradation was not accompanied by new synthesis. On the other hand, TYLCV transcripts increased after transfer of whiteflies to cotton, indicating active TYLCV transcription. Interestingly, the difference observed in ToMoV and TYLCV transcripts in the vector parallel observations on the different biological effects of these viruses on whiteflies, i.e. TYLCV, but not ToMoV, reduces whitefly fitness.
C1 USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
   Univ Florida, IFAS, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
RP Shatters, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
EM rshatters@ushrl.ars.usda.gov
NR 21
TC 56
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 10
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
   BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 86
BP 1525
EP 1532
DI 10.1099/vir.0.80665-0
PN 5
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA 920VC
UT WOS:000228717200033
PM 15831966
ER

PT J
AU Phillips, JD
   Marion, DA
   Luckow, K
   Adams, KR
AF Phillips, JD
   Marion, DA
   Luckow, K
   Adams, KR
TI Nonequilibrium regolith thickness in the Ouachita Mountains
SO JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL PRODUCTION; SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA; LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT;
   COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; EVOLUTION; FOREST; MODEL;
   BIOTURBATION; PODZOLIZATION
AB Interpretations of regolith and soil thickness in the context of landscape evolution are typically based on the notion that thickness is controlled by the interaction of weathering rates and erosion and tuned to topography. On sideslopes of the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, however, there is a high degree of local spatial variability that is largely unrelated to topography. This indicates nonequilibrium in the sense that there is no evidence of a balance between rates of weathering and removal, as is postulated in some conceptual models in geomorphology and pedology. Johnson's soil thickness model is applied as an alternative to interpret local variations in regolith thickness. At the study sites, regolith thickness is not generally related to slope, curvature, elevation, or pedogenic development in the solum. This indicates that variability in thickness is related chiefly to processes and controls acting in the lower regolith, below the solum. The primary controls of variability are local lithological variation, variable structural resistance associated with fractures and bedding planes in strongly tilted Paleozoic sedimentary parent material, and point-centered pedological influences of trees. A steady state regolith may be relatively rare. Results of this study suggest that an equilibrium regolith thickness is most likely in uniform lithology with a high degree of lithologic purity, less likely in interbedded sedimentary rocks, and more unlikely still if the latter are titled and fractured. Equilibrium thickness would also be more likely where the effects of bioturbation are more areally uniform (as opposed to the point-centered effects of individual trees) and where the biomantle is above the weathering front.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobacco Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
   US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA.
   US Forest Serv, Ouachita Natl Forest, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA.
RP Phillips, JD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobacco Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM jdp@uky.edu
OI Marion, Daniel/0000-0002-5871-8969
NR 58
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 10
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1376
J9 J GEOL
JI J. Geol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 113
IS 3
BP 325
EP 340
DI 10.1086/428808
PG 16
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 912QT
UT WOS:000228095100005
ER

PT J
AU Weatherill, AR
   Lee, JY
   Zhao, L
   Lemay, DG
   Youn, HS
   Hwang, DH
AF Weatherill, AR
   Lee, JY
   Zhao, L
   Lemay, DG
   Youn, HS
   Hwang, DH
TI Saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids reciprocally modulate
   dendritic cell functions mediated through TLR4
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSES;
   NF-KAPPA-B; DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION; REGULATORY FACTOR-3; SIGNALING
   PATHWAYS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; MATURATION; INNATE
AB TLRs provide critical signals to induce innate immune responses in APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs) that in turn link to adaptive immune responses. Results from our previous studies demonstrated that saturated fatty acids activate TLRs,whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit agonist-induced TLR activation. These results raise a significant question as to whether fatty acids differentially modulate immune responses mediated through TLR activation. The results presented in this study demonstrate that the saturated fatty acid, lauric acid, up-regulates the expression of costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, and CD86), MHC class II, and cytokines (IL-12p70 and IL-6) in bone marrow-derived DCs. The dominant negative mutant of TLR4 or its downstream signaling components inhibits lauric acid-induced expression of a CD86 promoter-reporter gene. In contrast, an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid, inhibits TLR4 agonist (LPS)-induced up-regulation of the costimulatory molecules, MHC class II, and cytokine production. Similarly, DCs treated with lauric acid show increased T cell activation capacity, whereas docosahexaenoic acid inhibits T cell activation induced by LPS-treated DCs. Together, our results demonstrate that the reciprocal modulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses by saturated fatty acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is mediated at least in part through TLRs. These results imply that TLRs are involved in sterile inflammation and immune responses induced by nonmicrobial endogenous molecules. These results shed new light in understanding how types of dietary fatty acids differentially modulate immune responses that could alter the risk of many chronic diseases.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Hwang, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Meyer Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM Dhwang@whnrc.usda.gov
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA75613]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK41868]
NR 42
TC 166
Z9 170
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1767
J9 J IMMUNOL
JI J. Immunol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2005
VL 174
IS 9
BP 5390
EP 5397
PG 8
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 919PU
UT WOS:000228630800028
PM 15843537
ER

PT J
AU Cliquet, S
   Jackson, MA
AF Cliquet, S
   Jackson, MA
TI Impact of carbon and nitrogen nutrition on the quality, yield and
   composition of blastospores of the bioinsecticidal fungus Paecilomyees
   fumosoroseus
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Paecilomyces fumosoroseus; blastospores; germination; freeze-drying;
   chemical composition
ID COLLETOTRICHUM-TRUNCATUM; BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII; LIQUID CULTURE;
   BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; GERMINATION; CONIDIA; GROWTH; MEDIA
AB The impact of growing cultures of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus in liquid media containing four combinations of glucose and casamino acids (8 g l(-1) or 80 g l(-1) glucose, 1.32 g l(-1) or 13.2 g l(-1) casamino acids) was evaluated, based on blastospore production, germination rate, viability after freeze-drying and short-term storage stability. When blastospores were produced using a high casamino acid concentration, blastospore yields and germination rates were significantly higher (13.2-18.5x10(7) blastospores ml(-1), 50-60% germination after 4 h), compared to cultures grown in media containing lower casamino acid concentrations (0.4-2.3 x 10(7) blastospores ml(-1), 10-20% germination after 4 h). Chemical analyses of blastospore composition showed that accelerated blastospore germination may be related to increased proteinaceous reserves rather than to glycogen or lipid accumulation. Tolerance to freeze-drying by blastospores suspended in spent medium was enhanced by a high initial casamino acid concentration in the culture medium (75% survival) and by the residual glucose concentrations in the spent medium. Under the conditions of this study, the storage stability of blastospores of P. fumosoroseus was unaffected by the nutritional condition in which they were produced.
C1 Lab Univ Microbiol, F-29000 Quimper, France.
   USDA, ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Cliquet, S (reprint author), Lab Univ Microbiol, Appl Quimper,2,Rue Univ, F-29000 Quimper, France.
EM Sophie.Cliquet@univ-brest.fr
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1367-5435
J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT
JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 5
BP 204
EP 210
DI 10.1007/s10295-005-0232-3
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 944FG
UT WOS:000230411300004
PM 15887035
ER

PT J
AU Lord, JC
AF Lord, JC
TI From Metchnikoff to Monsanto and beyond: The path of microbial control
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebate-Pathology
CY AUG, 2004
CL Helsinki, FINLAND
SP Soc Invertebate Pathol
DE biological control; microbial pesticides; Bacillus thuringiensis;
   Baculoviridae entomogenous fungi; Steinernema; history
ID BEETLE ORYCTES-RHINOCEROS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL;
   MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; FUNGAL PATHOGEN; GYPSY-MOTH; BACULOVIRUS; POPULATIONS;
   TRANSMISSION; INSECTICIDE
AB In 125 years since Metchnikoff proposed the use of Metarhizium anisopliae to control the wheat cockchafer and brought about the first field trials, microbial control has progressed from the application of naturalists' observations to biotechnology and precision delivery. This review highlights major milestones in its evolution and presents a perspective on its current direction. Fungal pathogens, the most eye-catching agents, dominated the early period, but major mycological control efforts for chinch bugs and citrus pests in the US had questionable success, and interest waned. The discoveries of Bacillus popilliae and Bacillus thuringiensis began the era of practical and commercially viable microbial control. A program to control the Japanese beetle in the US led to the discovery of both B. popilliae and Steinernema glaseri, the first nematode used as a microbial control agent. Viral insect control became practical in the latter half of the 20th century, and the first registration was obtained with the Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus in 1975. Now strategies are shifting for microbial control. While Bt transgenic crops are now planted on millions of hectares, the successes of more narrowly defined microbial control are mainly in small niches. Commercial enthusiasm for traditional microbial control agents has been unsteady in recent years. The prospects of microbial insecticide use on vast areas of major crops are now viewed more realistically. Regulatory constraints, activist resistance, benign and efficacious chemicals, and limited research funding all drive changes in focus. Emphasis is shifting to monitoring, conservation, integration with chemical pesticides, and selection of favorable venues such as organic agriculture and countries that have low costs, mild regulatory climates, modest chemical inputs, and small scale farming. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 USDA ARS, N Cent Reg, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
RP Lord, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Reg, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
EM lord@gmprc.ksu.edu
NR 59
TC 42
Z9 55
U1 3
U2 27
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 1
BP 19
EP 29
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2005.04.006
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 952ZW
UT WOS:000231046100004
PM 16039302
ER

PT J
AU Castrillo, LA
   Roberts, DW
   Vandenberg, JD
AF Castrillo, LA
   Roberts, DW
   Vandenberg, JD
TI The fungal past, present, and future: Germination, ramification, and
   reproduction
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Invertebate-Pathology
CY AUG, 2004
CL Helsinki, FINLAND
SP Soc Invertebate Pathol
ID LARVAL ELATERIDAE COLEOPTERA; SCHISTOCERCA-GREGARIA FORSKAL;
   CUTICLE-DEGRADING PROTEASE; CELLULAR DEFENSE RESPONSE; GYPSY-MOTH
   LEPIDOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE;
   ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS; NOMURAEA-RILEYI; METARRHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE
C1 USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Vandenberg, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jdv3@cornell.edu
RI Roberts, Donald/B-6649-2014
NR 141
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
EI 1096-0805
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 1
BP 46
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2005.06.005
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 952ZW
UT WOS:000231046100007
PM 16039305
ER

PT J
AU Bernier, UR
   Furman, KD
   Kline, DL
   Allan, SA
   Barnard, DR
AF Bernier, UR
   Furman, KD
   Kline, DL
   Allan, SA
   Barnard, DR
TI Comparison of contact and spatial repellency of catnip oil and
   N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (Deet) against mosquitoes
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE olfactometer; inhibition; nepetalactone; repellents
ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; LACTIC-ACID; ATTRACTION; CULICIDAE; OLFACTOMETER;
   INHIBITION
AB Nepetalactone, the primary component of catnip oil, was compared with the repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) for its ability to affect the host-seeking ability of Aedes aegypti (L.). A triple cage olfactometer was used to bioassay each substance and to assess its attraction inhibition (spatial repellent) attributes when combined with the following attractants: carbon dioxide, acetone, a blend Of L-lactic acid and acetone, and human odors. Repellent tests were conducted with each substance against female Ae. aegypti, Anopheles albimanus Weidemann, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. Catnip oil and deet were both weakly attractive to Ae. aegypti, catnip oil was the better spatial repellent, where's deet was a more effective contact repellent in tests with all three species of mosquitoes.
C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
RP Bernier, UR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
NR 29
TC 52
Z9 57
U1 3
U2 10
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-2585
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 3
BP 306
EP 311
DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0306:COCASR]2.0.CO;2
PG 6
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 925QJ
UT WOS:000229067400015
PM 15962779
ER

PT J
AU Drolet, BS
   Campbell, CL
   Stuart, MA
   Wilson, WC
AF Drolet, BS
   Campbell, CL
   Stuart, MA
   Wilson, WC
TI Vector competence of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae)
   for vesicular stomatitis virus
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE VSV; Culicoides sonorensis; vector competence
ID NEW-JERSEY SEROTYPE; MOSQUITO CELL LINES; VARIIPENNIS DIPTERA;
   BLUETONGUE VIRUS; PHLEBOTOMINE SANDFLIES; INDIANA SEROTYPE; ORAL
   INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; MULTIPLICATION; ARBOVIRUSES
AB To determine the vector competence of Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones midges for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) -New Jersey, insects were experimentally infected per os and sampled over time. Viral replication, as determined by in situ hybridization, was seen in epithelial, neural, and hemolymph cell types throughout the insect. Spatial and temporal distribution of virus was determined by immunohistochemical examination of sequentially sampled insects. Tissues of the alimentary canal were infected in a temporal pattern that paralleled the route of digestion/ absorption: foregut and midgut by day 1, surrounding hemolymph and Malpighian tubules by day 3, and finally the midgut/ hindgut junction, hindgut, and rectal region by day 5. The circulation of virus in the hemolymph by day 3 coincided with infection of the dermis and fat bodies, the salivary glands, eyes, cerebral and subthoracic ganglia, and the ovaries. Oviduct epithelium and ovarial sheaths were infected by day 3, followed by infection of the developing oocytes by day 5. Interestingly, neural infections were seen in the subabdominal ganglia innervating the midgut in 33% of insects by 1 d postfeeding in the absence of positive staining in the hemolymph or surrounding tissues. A retrograde axonal transport infection route for these ganglia is discussed. The disseminated, productive, noncytolytic infection in Culicoides is consistent with that of all efficient biological vector for VSV. Virus readily replicated throughout the insect, passing both midgut and salivary gland infection barriers and reaching transmission-related organs in 3 d. Establishing the competence of this insect vector for VSV provides the foundation for animal transmission studies in the future. The possibility of horizontal, transovarial, and mechanical transmission is discussed.
C1 USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Drolet, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, 1000 E Univ Ave,Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
NR 44
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 3
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0022-2585
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 3
BP 409
EP 418
DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0409:VCOCSD]2.0.CO;2
PG 10
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 925QJ
UT WOS:000229067400031
PM 15962795
ER

PT J
AU Lee, ST
   Molyneux, RJ
   Panter, KE
   Chang, CWT
   Gardner, DR
   Pfister, JA
   Garrossian, M
AF Lee, ST
   Molyneux, RJ
   Panter, KE
   Chang, CWT
   Gardner, DR
   Pfister, JA
   Garrossian, M
TI Ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine enantiomers: Isolation, optical
   rotation, and toxicity
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
ID CROOKED CALF DISEASE; LUPINUS-FORMOSUS; ALKALOIDS
AB Ammodendrine (1) was found to occur as a mixture of enantiomers in two different collections of plants identified as Lupinus formosus. The ammodendrine fraction was reacted in a peptide coupling reaction with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-alanine (FMOC-L-Ala-OH) to give diastereomers, which were separated by preparative HPLC. The pure D- and L-ammodendrine enantiomers were then obtained by Edman degradation. Optical rotation measurements revealed that the D- and L-enantiomers had optical rotations of [&alpha;](24)(D) +5.4&DEG; and -5.7&DEG;, respectively. D- and L-N-methylammodendrine enantiomers were synthesized from the corresponding ammodendrine enantiomers, and their optical rotations established as [&alpha;](23)(D) +62.4&DEG; and -59.0&DEG;, respectively. A mouse bioassay was used to determine the difference in toxicity between these two pairs of naturally occurring enantiomers. The LD50 of (+)-D-ammodendrine in mice was determined to be 94.1 &PLUSMN; 7 mg/kg and that of (-)-L-ammodendrine as 115.0 &PLUSMN; 7 mg/kg. The LD50 of (+)-D-N-methylammodendrine in mice was estimated to be 56.3 mg/kg, while that of (-)-L-N-methylammodendrine was determined to be 63.4 &PLUSMN; 5 mg/kg. These results establish the rotation values for pure ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine and indicate that there is little difference in acute murine toxicity between the respective enantiomers.
C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
   USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
   Utah State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Lee, ST (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E,1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA.
EM stlee@cc.usu.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41RR0954]
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 68
IS 5
BP 681
EP 685
DI 10.1021/np0580199
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 933AT
UT WOS:000229596900008
PM 15921409
ER

PT J
AU Lim, SY
   Doherty, JD
   McBride, K
   Miller-Ihli, NJ
   Carmona, GN
   Stark, KD
   Salem, N
AF Lim, SY
   Doherty, JD
   McBride, K
   Miller-Ihli, NJ
   Carmona, GN
   Stark, KD
   Salem, N
TI Lead exposure and (n-3) fatty acid deficiency during rat neonatal
   development affect subsequent spatial task performance and olfactory
   discrimination
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE (n-3) fatty acid deficiency; neonatal development; spatial learning;
   olfactory discriminations; lead toxicity; Pb
ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; MORRIS WATER MAZE; GYRUS IN-VIVO;
   DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; DENTATE GYRUS; ASSOCIATIVE ABILITY; UNITED-STATES;
   BREAST-MILK; ODOR MEMORY; BLOOD LEAD
AB Docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3), DHA] is important for optimal infant central nervous system development, and lead (Pb) exposure during development can produce neurological deficits. Long-Evans strain rats were fed either an (n-3) deficient [(n-3) Def] diet to produce brain DHA deficiency, or an adequate [(n-3) Adq] diet through 2 generations. At the birth of the 2nd generation, the dams were subdivided into 4 groups and supplied drinking water containing either 5.27 mmol/L (Pb) or sodium (Na) acetate until weaning. Rats were killed at 3 wk (weaning) and 11 wk (maturity) for brain Pb and fatty acid analysis. Spatial task and olfactory-cued behavioral assessments were initiated at 9 wk. Rats in the (n-3) Def group had a 79% lower concentration of brain DHA compared with the (n-3) Adq group with no effect of Pb exposure. At weaning, Pb concentrations were 7.17 +/- 0.47 nmol Pb/g of brain (wet weight) in the (n-3) Adq-Pb group and 6.49 +/- 0.63 nmol Pb/g of brain (wet weight) in the (n-3) Def-Pb group. At maturity, the brains contained 1.30 +/- 0.22 and 1.07 +/- 0.12 nmol Pb/g (wet weight), respectively. In behavioral testing, significant effects of both Pb and DHA deficiency were observed in the Morris water maze probe trial and in 2-odor olfactory discrimination acquisition and olfactory-based reversal learning tasks. Both lactational Pb exposure and (n-3) fatty acid deficiency led to behavioral deficits with additive effects observed only in the acquisition of 2-odor discriminations.
C1 Korea Maritime Univ, Div Ocean Sci, Pusan, South Korea.
   US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
   NIAAA, Lab Membrane Biochem & Biophys, Div Intramural Clin & Biol Res, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
   USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Korea Maritime Univ, Div Ocean Sci, Pusan, South Korea.
EM nsalem@niaaa.nih.gov
RI Stark, Ken/I-1347-2016
OI Stark, Ken/0000-0001-7828-4072
NR 69
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
EI 1541-6100
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1019
EP 1026
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600010
PM 15867275
ER

PT J
AU Davis, SR
   Quinlivan, EP
   Shelnutt, KP
   Maneval, DR
   Ghandour, H
   Capdevila, A
   Coats, BS
   Wagner, C
   Selhub, J
   Bailey, LB
   Shuster, JJ
   Stacpoole, PW
   Gregory, JF
AF Davis, SR
   Quinlivan, EP
   Shelnutt, KP
   Maneval, DR
   Ghandour, H
   Capdevila, A
   Coats, BS
   Wagner, C
   Selhub, J
   Bailey, LB
   Shuster, JJ
   Stacpoole, PW
   Gregory, JF
TI The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C -> T polymorphism and
   dietary folate restriction affect plasma one-carbon metabolites and red
   blood cell folate concentrations and distribution in women
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2002 Annual Meeting
CY APR 20-24, 2002
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
DE homocysteine; methionine; S-adenosylmethionine; S-adenosylhomocysteine;
   women
ID COMMON MUTATION; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE;
   ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; VASCULAR-DISEASE;
   RISK FACTOR; GENE; POPULATION; ADENOSYLMETHIONINE
AB Whether folate status and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C &RARR; T polymorphism interact to affect methionine-cycle metabolite concentrations is uncertain. We evaluated the effects of dietary folate restriction on relations among folate status indices and plasma concentrations of methionine cycle metabolites in women with the MTHFR 677 C/C and T/T genotypes. Healthy, normohomocysteinemic women (n = 18; 20-30 y old) of adequate B vitamin status, and equally divided according to MTHFR 677C &RARR; T genotype (9 C/C and 9 T/T) were recruited. Folate status indices and methionine cycle metabolites were measured in blood samples collected at baseline and after 7 wk of dietary folate restriction (115 &mu; g dietary folate equivalents/d). Significant negative correlations between plasma total homocysteine concentrations and total or 5-methyl folate concentrations (P = 0.041 and 0.023, respectively) in RBCs were found only in T/T subjects. Formylated folates were detected in RBCs of T/T subjects only, and their abundance was predictive of plasma total homocysteine concentration despite no significant alteration by folate restriction. Plasma concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine were not significantly affected by dietary folate restriction and the MTHFR 677 T/T genotype. In conclusion, plasma total homocysteine concentrations in subjects with the MTHFR 677 T/T genotype were inversely related to 5-methyl folate concentrations and directly related to formylated folate concentrations in RBCs, even though the latter were not significantly affected by moderate folate restriction.
C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Stat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
   Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Gregory, JF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM jfgy@ufl.edu
RI Quinlivan, Eoin/B-8454-2008; 
OI Quinlivan, Eoin/0000-0002-0908-1762; Gregory, Jesse/0000-0002-9976-2085
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000082, M01-RR00082]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK56274,
   DK15289, R01 DK056274]
NR 32
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1040
EP 1044
PG 5
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600013
PM 15867278
ER

PT J
AU Davis, SR
   Quinlivan, EP
   Shelnutt, KP
   Ghandour, H
   Capdevila, A
   Coats, BS
   Wagner, C
   Shane, B
   Selhub, J
   Bailey, LB
   Shuster, JJ
   Stacpoole, PW
   Gregory, JF
AF Davis, SR
   Quinlivan, EP
   Shelnutt, KP
   Ghandour, H
   Capdevila, A
   Coats, BS
   Wagner, C
   Shane, B
   Selhub, J
   Bailey, LB
   Shuster, JJ
   Stacpoole, PW
   Gregory, JF
TI Homocysteine synthesis is elevated but total remethylation is unchanged
   by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C -> T polymorphism and by
   dietary folate restriction in young women
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2002 Annual Meeting
CY APR 20-24, 2002
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
DE methionine; one-carbon metabolism; S-adenosylmethionine;
   S-adenosylhomocysteine; women
ID PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; COMMON MUTATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION;
   S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; METHIONINE METABOLISM; CYSTEINE KINETICS;
   POPULATION; HUMANS; SERINE; RISK
AB The effects of folate status and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C &RARR; T polymorphism on the kinetics of homocysteine metabolism are unclear. We measured the effects of dietary folate restriction on the kinetics of homocysteine remethylation and synthesis in healthy women (20-30 y old) with the MTHFR 677 C/C or T/T genotypes (n = 9/genotype) using i.v. primed, constant infusions of [C-13(5)] methionine, [3-C-13]serine, and [H-2(3)]leucine before and after 7 wk of dietary folate restriction (1115 &mu; g dietary folate equivalents/d). Dietary folate restriction significantly reduced folate status (&SIM; 65% reduction in serum folate) in both genotypes. Total remethylation flux was not affected by dietary folate restriction, the MTHFR 677C &RARR; T polymorphism, or their combination. However, the percentage of remethylation from serine was reduced &SIM; 15% (P = 0.031) by folate restriction in C/C subjects. Further, homocysteine synthesis rates of T/T subjects and folate-restricted C/C subjects were twice that of C/C subjects at baseline. In conclusion, elevated homocysteine synthesis is a cause of mild hyperhomocysteinemia in women with marginal folate status, particularly those with the MTHFR 677 T/T genotype.
C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Stat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   Univ Calif Berkeley, Det Nutr Sci &, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biochem, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
   Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Gregory, JF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM jfgy@ufl.edu
RI Quinlivan, Eoin/B-8454-2008
OI Quinlivan, Eoin/0000-0002-0908-1762
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000082, M01-RR00082]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK56274,
   DK42033, DK15289, R01 DK056274]
NR 40
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1045
EP 1050
PG 6
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600014
PM 15867279
ER

PT J
AU Hotz, C
   DeHaene, J
   Woodhouse, LR
   Villalpando, S
   Rivera, JA
   King, JC
AF Hotz, C
   DeHaene, J
   Woodhouse, LR
   Villalpando, S
   Rivera, JA
   King, JC
TI Zinc absorption from zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide plus EDTA, or
   sodium-zinc EDTA does not differ when added as fortificants to maize
   tortillas
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE zinc; absorption; maize; fortificants; stable isotopes
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; IRON FORTIFICATION; FOOD FORTIFICANT;
   TOLERANCE-TEST; HUMANS; CHILDREN; COPPER; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM;
   CALCIUM
AB The fortification of staple foods with zinc may play an important role in achieving adequate zinc intakes in countries at risk of zinc deficiency. However, little is known about the relative bioavailability of different zinc compounds that may be used in food fortification. The objective of this study was to measure and compare fractional zinc absorption from a test meal that included a maize tortilla fortified with zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide + EDTA, or sodium-zinc EDTA. A double isotopic tracer ratio method (Zn-67 as oral tracer and Zn-70 as intravenous tracer) was used to estimate zinc absorption in 42 Mexican women living in a periurban community of Puebla State, Mexico. The test meal consisted of maize tortillas, yellow beans, chili sauce, and milk with instant coffee; it contained 3.3 mg zinc and had a phytate:zinc molar ratio of 17. Fractional zinc absorption did not differ significantly between the test groups (ANOVA; P &GT; 0.05). Percent absorptions were (mean &PLUSMN; SD) zinc oxide, 10.8 &PLUSMN; 0.9; zinc sulfate, 10.0 &PLUSMN; 0.02; zinc oxide + EDTA, 12.7 &PLUSMN; 1.5; and sodium-zinc EDTA, 11.1 &PLUSMN; 0.7. We conclude that there was no difference in zinc absorption from ZnO and ZnSO4 when added as fortificants to maize tortillas and consumed with beans and milk. The addition of EDTA with zinc oxide or the use of prechelated sodium-zinc EDTA as fortificants did not result in higher zinc absorption from the test meal.
C1 Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Invest Nutr & Salud, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
   Univ Calif Davis, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Childrens Hosp, Res Ctr, Oakland, CA 94609 USA.
RP Hotz, C (reprint author), Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Invest Nutr & Salud, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
EM chotz@insp.mx
OI Villalpando, Salvador/0000-0001-6429-3816
FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW01267]
NR 33
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1102
EP 1105
PG 4
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600023
PM 15867288
ER

PT J
AU Finley, JW
   Sigrid-Keck, A
   Robbins, RJ
   Hintze, KJ
AF Finley, JW
   Sigrid-Keck, A
   Robbins, RJ
   Hintze, KJ
TI Selenium enrichment of broccoli: Interactions between selenium and
   secondary plant compounds
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2004 Annual Meeting
CY APR 17-21, 2004
CL Washington, DC
DE selenium; broccoli; sulforaphane
ID THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; CANCER; SULFORAPHANE; VEGETABLES; MECHANISMS;
   INDUCTION; ELEMENT; CELLS; RATS
AB Multiple components of broccoli, such as sulforaphane (Sf) and phenolic acids, may inhibit cancer. Additionally, broccoli can accumulate selenium (Se), and Se has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of cancer. Studies were conducted to determine whether enhancement of broccoli with Se would produce a plant with superior health benefits. Although increasing the concentration of Se in broccoli from &LT; 1.0 to &GT; 800 &mu; g/g resulted in inhibition of colon cancer in rats, it also decreased the Sf content by &GT; 80% and inhibited production of most phenolic acids. The inclusion of Se-enriched broccoli in the diet of rats induced the activity of the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase beyond the maximum activity induced by Se alone. These results emphasize the complex interactions of bioactive chemicals in a food; attempts to maximize one component may affect accumulation of another, and consumption of high amounts of multiple bioactive compounds may result in unexpected metabolic interactions within the body.
C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
   Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
   USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, E Beltsville, MD USA.
   Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA.
RP Finley, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
EM jfinley@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
RI Hintze, Korry/A-7079-2008; Hintze, Korry/E-4619-2011; 
OI Hintze, Korry/0000-0003-0135-0478
NR 13
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1236
EP 1238
PG 3
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600045
PM 15867310
ER

PT J
AU MacDonald, RS
   Guo, JY
   Copeland, J
   Browning, JD
   Sleper, D
   Rottinghaus, GE
   Berhow, MA
AF MacDonald, RS
   Guo, JY
   Copeland, J
   Browning, JD
   Sleper, D
   Rottinghaus, GE
   Berhow, MA
TI Environmental influences on isoflavones and saponins in soybeans and
   their role in colon cancer
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2004 Annual Meeting
CY APR 17-21, 2004
CL Washington, DC
DE soybean; colon cancer; saponins; isoflavones; Caco-2
ID SOY ISOFLAVONES; OLEANENE-SAPOGENOLS; SOYASAPOGENOL-A; CARCINOMA CELLS;
   DIETARY; RISK; PHYTOESTROGENS; CONSUMPTION; PRODUCTS; HORMONES
AB Soybeans have long been recognized as an excellent source of high-quality protein. The soybean also contains a wide variety of chemical compounds that have potent bioactivity. Among these compounds are the isoflavones and the saponins. The goal of our research was to quantify isoflavone and saponin concentrations in elite soybean cultivars grown in different environments and to identify a naturally occurring high and low variety that could be used in animal studies of colon cancer. We observed significant environment X genotype interactions for the cultivars and selected 2 that provided the range of concentration for isoflavones and saponins. These were grown in an adequate quantity for animal studies, which are ongoing. We explored the influence of isoflavones and saponins on human colon tumor cells in culture, Caco-2, to determine potential mechanisms through which these compounds influence the carcinogenic process. We observed the inhibition of Caco-2 cell proliferation by isoflavones and saponins, suggesting a protective effect of these compounds in colon cancer. Using purified soy saponins, we found no negative effects on mouse growth, organ weights, or intestinal morphology when the diet contained up to 3% saponins by weight. Hence, soy isoflavones and saponins are likely to be protective of colon cancer and to be well tolerated. Continuing studies will explore the cancer-protective effects of these compounds in animal models.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Food Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Univ Missouri, Dept Agron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   Univ Missouri, Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
   USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP MacDonald, RS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Food Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM ruthmacd@iastate.edu
NR 31
TC 30
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1239
EP 1242
PG 4
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600046
PM 15867311
ER

PT J
AU Klevay, LM
AF Klevay, LM
TI Medical examination in nutrition surveys
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Experimental Biology 2004 Annual Meeting
CY APR 17-21, 2004
CL Washington, DC
DE nutrition survey; ICNND; physical signs of nutrition status; beriberi;
   pellagra
ID TOTAL PARENTERAL ALIMENTATION; ZINC-DEFICIENCY; BIOPSY MATERIAL;
   PELLAGRA; GOLDBERGER; HAIR
AB Pellagra was the most important deficiency disease used as a model for nutrition surveys, because its diagnosis depended on physical signs. By the mid twentieth century, laboratory tests improved the specificity of physical signs in diagnosis of deficiency disease. The author uses his experience in Panama to illustrate how attention to the details of a medical examination can improve accuracy and sensitivity of a nutrition survey.
C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA.
RP Klevay, LM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 5
BP 1266
EP 1267
PG 2
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 924BM
UT WOS:000228953600053
PM 15867318
ER

PT J
AU Strickland, TC
   Truman, CC
   Frauenfeld, B
AF Strickland, TC
   Truman, CC
   Frauenfeld, B
TI Variable rainfall intensity effects on carbon characteristics of eroded
   sediments from two coastal plain ultisots in Georgia
SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon enrichment; erosion; rainfall simulation
ID ELEMENTAL ORGANIC-ANALYSIS; WATER EROSION PROCESSES;
   MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; STORM RAINFALL; COTTON FURROWS; RUNOFF LOSSES;
   ENRICHMENT; TRANSPORT; PESTICIDES
AB Carbon loss and the associated potential for facilitated transport of chemicals could be better quantified if effects of storm intensity variation could be characterized during key phases of the production year. We evaluated the effects of constant and variable rainfall intensities on the transport characteristics and amount of sediment organic carbon lost from two highly weathered Coastal Plain soils in Georgia-a Tifton loamy sand (Plinthic Kandiudult) and a Greenville sandy clay loam (Rhodic Kandiudult). Soils were air-dried, sieved (19 mm) and placed in 1.5 m(2) stainless steel erosion pans set to match typical field slopes for each soil (Tifton = 4 percent; Greenville = 7 percent). Simulated rainfall was applied for 70-min as a constant (57 mm h(-1)) or variable (typical spring storm) event pattern. Runoff, sediment, sediment carbon, sediment nitrogen, and dissolved carbon were measured at five-minute intervals. Regardless of simulation intensity evaluated, sediment exported from the Tifton soil was enriched (enrichment ratio 1.17 to 1.80) and the Greeneville soil depleted (0.83 to 0.93) in carbon relative to the top 2 cm of undisturbed soil. Only minor (not significant) differences were observed in the potential for total sediment carbon loss estimated by the two simulation intensities (Tifton, 5.65 - 6.67 kg ha(-1) and Greenville, 13-44 - 14.40 kg ha(-1)). However, significant differences in the effect of simulation intensities on timing and amount of carbon lost via sediment transport (more during first versus second half of simulation for variable versus constant intensity patterns respectively) were observed during the simulations. Results suggest that detachment and transport thresholds differ for total sediment versus sediment carbon tosses during a given event and that variable rate rainfall simulations may be an effective means to characterize threshold differences for individual soil and management combinations. It is suggested that the systematic determination of such thresholds may improve predictions of sediment transported organic contaminants.
C1 USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
   Univ Agr Sci, Vienna, Austria.
RP Strickland, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
OI Strickland, Timothy/0000-0001-6889-503X
NR 24
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC
PI ANKENY
PA 7515 N E ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50021-9764 USA
SN 0022-4561
J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV
JI J. Soil Water Conserv.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 3
BP 142
EP 148
PG 7
WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 933JX
UT WOS:000229625800015
ER

PT J
AU Webb, JA
   Keller, SL
   Southorn, EP
   Armstrong, J
   Allen, DG
   Peregrine, AS
   Dubey, JP
AF Webb, JA
   Keller, SL
   Southorn, EP
   Armstrong, J
   Allen, DG
   Peregrine, AS
   Dubey, JP
TI Cutaneous manifestations of disseminated toxoplasmosis in an
   immunosuppressed dog
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID NEOSPOROSIS; HOST; CATS
AB A 3.5-year-old, castrated male, giant schnauzer was presented with alopecic pustular dermatitis. Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia had been diagnosed 45 days previously. At the time of presentation, the dog was receiving prednisone, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. Cutaneous protozoosis was diagnosed, and postmortem examination revealed protozoa within cutaneous, cardiac, pancreatic, and pulmonary tissues. The protozoa divided by endodyogeny, had the morphology of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) tachyzoites, and stained positively with T. gondii polyclonal antibodies but not with antibodies to Neospora caninum or Sarcocystis neurona. Immunosuppression may have predisposed this dog to disseminated toxoplasmosis.
C1 Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Dept Clin Studies, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
   Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Dept Pathobiol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
   USDA ARS, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Webb, JA (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Dept Clin Studies, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOC
PI LAKEWOOD
PA PO BOX 150899, LAKEWOOD, CO 80215-0899 USA
SN 0587-2871
J9 J AM ANIM HOSP ASSOC
JI J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 3
BP 198
EP 202
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 054KM
UT WOS:000238375500009
PM 15870255
ER

PT J
AU Marmer, WN
   Dudley, RL
AF Marmer, WN
   Dudley, RL
TI Rapid oxidative dehairing using alkaline hydrogen peroxide and potassium
   cyanate: Reuse of the dehairing reagents
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Leather-Chemists-Association (ALCA)
CY JUN 16-19, 2004
CL St Louis, MO
SP Amer Leather Chemists Assoc
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CATTLE HIDES; CARCASSES; PREVALENCE;
   SLAUGHTER; DECONTAMINATION; BACTERIA; PLANTS
AB Studies have continued on rapid dehairing of cattlehide using an oxidative system of alkaline hydrogen peroxide and potassium cyanate. For economic viability, the dehairing Mixture needs to be used for more than one dehairing cycle. The number of cycles is dependent upon the residual concentration of the reagents in solution, namely, NaOH, H2O2 and KOCN. The concentrations of these reagents were measured after each dehairing cycle. In addition the solubilized protein concentration and the amount of insoluble material suspended in solution were determined. NaOH, H2O2 and KOCN all decreased with an increase in the number of dehairing cycles. After the 6th or 7th cycle the dehairing times had increased to the point where dehairing still occurred, but was no longer rapid. There was a buildup of soluble protein in solution as well as suspended (insoluble) material with increasing dehairing cycles. Both the protein and insoluble (mostly hair) material reacted with the dehairing chemicals, resulting in a decrease in the efficacy of the dehairing mixture. Nevertheless, the system appears to offer a viable alternative to sulfide-based rapid dehairing, and further experimentation on a pilot plant scale is merited.
C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Marmer, WN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM wmarmer@errc.ars.usda.gov
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSN
PI LUBBOCK
PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA
SN 0002-9726
J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS
JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 100
IS 5
BP 165
EP 173
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 923CL
UT WOS:000228886400001
ER

PT J
AU Lastowka, A
   Maffia, GJ
   Brown, EM
AF Lastowka, A
   Maffia, GJ
   Brown, EM
TI A comparison of chemical, physical andenzymatic cross-linking of bovine
   type I collagen fibrils
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 100th Annual Meeting of the American-Leather-Chemists-Association (ALCA)
CY JUN 16-19, 2004
CL St Louis, MO
SP Amer Leather Chemists Assoc
ID MICROBIAL TRANSGLUTAMINASE; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; GLUTARALDEHYDE;
   PROTEINS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MICROORGANISMS; CYTOTOXICITY; MEMBRANES;
   GELATIN; SKIN
AB Insoluble type I collagen fibrils are used in several biotechnological research applications including artificial organ scaffolding, skin grafts and cell immobilization beads for fluidized bed reactors. In these applications, collagen Is usually strengthened against enzymatic degradation and physical stresses by the addition of cross-links. A suitable collagen source for these purposes appears to be bovine corium, from the lower split of a fleshed hide, a by-product of the leather industry. The present study on ball-milled bovine type I collagen examined the documented cross-linking capabilities of glutaraldehyde and dehydrothermal drying with the relatively new enzymatic cross-linking technique involving microbial transglutaminase. To assess the degree of cross-linking by each technique, free amine residues remaining after cross-linking, collagenase resistance and size of cross-linked complexes were determined. Glutaraldehyde cross-linking resulted in the least number of free amines, highest molecular weight aggregates and highest resistance to collagenase degradation. Dehydrothermal drying also produced high molecular weight aggregates, but partially hydrolyzed the protein, making the fibril more susceptible to collagenase. Microbial transglutaminase treated collagen produced large molecular weight aggregates and was more resistant to collagenase degradation than control collagen. This new cross-linking technique warrants additional research attention.
C1 Widener Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Chester, PA 19013 USA.
   USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
RP Maffia, GJ (reprint author), Widener Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Chester, PA 19013 USA.
EM Gennaro.J.Maffia@widener.edu
NR 31
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSN
PI LUBBOCK
PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA
SN 0002-9726
J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS
JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 100
IS 5
BP 196
EP 202
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 923CL
UT WOS:000228886400004
ER

PT J
AU Dunn, RO
AF Dunn, RO
TI Oxidative stability of soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters by oil
   stability index (OSI)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE antioxidants; autoxidation; biodiesel; oil stability index; oxidation;
   oxidative stability
ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; STORAGE STABILITY; SOYATE BIODIESEL;
   ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; VEGETABLE-OILS; DIESEL FUELS; EDIBLE OILS;
   ANTIOXIDANTS; RAPESEED; AUTOXIDATION
AB Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel derived from transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats, is composed of saturated and unsaturated long-chain FA alkyl esters. During long-term storage, oxidation caused by contact with air (autoxidation) presents a legitimate concern with respect to monitoring and maintaining fuel quality. Extensive oxidative degradation may compromise quality by adversely affecting kinematic viscosity, acid value, or PV. This work examines the oil stability index (OSI) as a parameter for monitoring the oxidative stability of soybean oil FAME (SME). SME samples from five separate sources and with varying storage and handling histories were analyzed for OSI at 60 degrees C using an oxidative stability instrument. Results showed that OSI may be used to measure relative oxidative stability of SME samples as well as to differentiate between samples from different producers. Although addition of alpha-tocopherol or TBHQ increased OSI, responses to these antioxidants varied with respect to SME sample. Variations in response to added antioxidant were attributed to aging and other effects that may have caused oxidative degradation in samples prior to acquisition for this study. Results showed that OSI was more sensitive than iodine value in detecting the effects of oxidative degradation in its early stages when monitoring SME during storage.
C1 USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
RP Dunn, RO (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA.
EM dunnro@ncaur.usda.gov
RI Ye, Peng/E-2742-2010
NR 48
TC 46
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC A O C S PRESS
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 221 W BRADLEY AVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-1827 USA
SN 0003-021X
J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 82
IS 5
BP 381
EP 387
DI 10.1007/s11746-005-1081-6
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 941NM
UT WOS:000230221500011
ER

PT J
AU Kelm, MA
   Flore, JA
   Beninger, CW
AF Kelm, MA
   Flore, JA
   Beninger, CW
TI Effect of elevated CO2 levels and leaf area removal on sorbitol,
   sucrose, and phloridzin content in 'Gala'/Malling 9 apple leaves
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-NUTRIENT BALANCE; SECONDARY METABOLITES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; UV-B;
   PLANT; HYPOTHESIS; RESPONSES; GROWTH; HERBIVORES; ENRICHMENT
AB Apple seedlings (Malus domestica Borkh.) were grown under ambient (370), 700, and 1400 mu mol(.)mol(-1) CO2 regimes and artificially damaged by removal of leaf area (0%, 15%, and 30%). Increased CO2 concentration had a highly significant effect on the concentrations of sucrose, sorbitol and phloridzin, however there were no significant interactions between CO2 concentration and leaf damage. As CO2 concentration increased there was an increase in levels of sucrose and phloridzin, whereas sorbitol concentration decreased. These findings are discussed in relation to the carbon nutrient balance hypothesis as well as other hypotheses regarding the production of plant primary and secondary compounds in response to elevated levels of CO2 and mechanical damage and/or herbivory.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
   Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Kelm, MA (reprint author), Mars Inc, Masterfoods USA, 800 High St, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA.
EM mark.kelm@effem.com
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 3
BP 326
EP 330
PG 5
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 922PB
UT WOS:000228848800005
ER

PT J
AU Dangl, GS
   Woeste, K
   Aradhya, MK
   Koehmstedt, A
   Simon, C
   Potter, D
   Leslie, CA
   McGranahan, G
AF Dangl, GS
   Woeste, K
   Aradhya, MK
   Koehmstedt, A
   Simon, C
   Potter, D
   Leslie, CA
   McGranahan, G
TI Characterization of 14 microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and
   cultivar identification of walnut
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID JUGLANS-REGIA L; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; GRAPE; DNA; AMPLIFICATION;
   COLLECTION; DIVERSITY; BEARS
AB One hundred and forty-seven primer pairs originally designed to amplify microsatellites, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSR), in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) were screened for utility in persian walnut (J. regia L.). Based on scorability and number of informative polymorphisms, the best 14 loci were selected to analyze a diverse group of 47 persian walnut accessions and one J. hindsii (Jepson) Jepson ex R.E. Sm x J. regia hybrid (Paradox) rootstock. Among the 48 accessions, there were 44 unique multi-locus profiles; the accessions with identical profiles appeared to be synonyms. The pairwise genetic distance based on proportion of shared alleles was calculated for all accessions and a UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) dendrogram constructed. The results agree well with what is known about the pedigree and/or origins of the genotypes. The SSR markers distinguished pairs of closely related cultivars and should be able to uniquely characterize all walnut cultivars with the exception of budsports. They provide a more powerful and reliable system for the molecular characterization of walnut germplasm than those previously tested. These markers have numerous applications for the walnut industry, including cultivar identification, verification of pedigrees for cultivar and rootstock breeding programs, paternity analysis, and understanding the genetic diversity of germplasm collections.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Univ Calif Davis, Fdn Plant Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   Purdue Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, Hardwood Trees Improvement & Regenerat Ctr,Dept F, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
   USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP McGranahan, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM ghmcgranahan@ucdavis.edu
NR 30
TC 47
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 3
BP 348
EP 354
PG 7
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 922PB
UT WOS:000228848800008
ER

PT J
AU Griesbach, RJ
   Beck, RM
AF Griesbach, RJ
   Beck, RM
TI Sequence analysis of the chalcone synthase gene intron in four Petunia
   Jussieu Taxa
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Petunia integrifolia; Petunia littoralis; Petunia altiplana; molecular
   markers; taxonomy
ID GRANDE-DO-SUL; RIBOSOMAL DNA; MULTIGENE FAMILY; SANTA-CATARINA; PLANT
   GENES; SOLANACEAE; HYBRIDA; BRAZIL; PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION
AB The sequence of the intron within the chalcone synthase A gene (ChsA) was used to characterize Petunia integrifolia subsp. integrifolia var. depauperata (Fries) Smith et Downs, P. altiplana Ando et Hashimoto, P. littoralis Smith et Downs, and an unknown taxon from the town of Torres in Brazil. Based upon the intron, the Torres taxon most closely resembled P. integrifolia. The unrooted phylogenetic tree suggested that P. integrifolia was more closely related to P. littoralis than P. altiplana.
C1 USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Griesbach, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NR 49
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 3
BP 360
EP 365
PG 6
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 922PB
UT WOS:000228848800010
ER

PT J
AU Brown, JS
   Schnell, RJ
   Motamayor, JC
   Lopes, U
   Kuhn, DN
   Borrone, JW
AF Brown, JS
   Schnell, RJ
   Motamayor, JC
   Lopes, U
   Kuhn, DN
   Borrone, JW
TI Resistance gene mapping for witches' broom disease in Theobroma cacao L.
   in an F-2 population using SSR markers and candidate genes
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE QTL mapping; witches' broom disease; resistance mapping; genomic maps;
   T. cacao
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE MAP; SEGREGATION DISTORTION;
   PHYTOPHTHORA-PALMIVORA; COCOA; INCOMPATIBILITY; VALUES; QTL
AB A genetic linkage map was created from 146 cacao trees (Theobroma cacao), using an F-2 population produced by selling an F, progeny of the cross Scab and ICS1. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (170) were used principally for this map, with 12 candidate genes [eight resistance gene homologues (RGH) and four stress related WRKY genes], for a total of 182 markers. Joinmap software was used to create the map, and 10 linkage groups were clearly obtained, corresponding to the 10 known chromosomes of cacao. Our map encompassed 671.9 cM, approximately 100 cM less than most previously reported cacao maps, and 213.5 cM less than the one reported high-density map. Approximately 27% of the markers showed significant segregation distortion, mapping together in six genomic areas, four of which also showed distortion in other cacao maps. Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to witches' broom disease were found, one producing a major effect and one a minor effect, both showing important dominance effects. One QTL for trunk diameter was found at a point 10.2 cM away from the stronger resistance gene. One RGH flanked the minor QTL for witches' broom resistance, implying possible association. QTLs mapped in F-2 populations produce estimates of additive and dominance effects, not obtainable in F-1 crosses. As dominance was clearly shown in the QTL found in this study, this population merits further study for evaluation of dominance effects for other traits. This F-2 cacao population constitutes a useful link for genomic studies between cacao and cotton, its only widely grown agronomic relative.
C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA.
   CO USDA ARS, Masterfoods USA Mars Inc, Miami, FL 33158 USA.
   CEPEC CEPLAC, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
   Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Brown, JS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA.
NR 42
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 3
BP 366
EP 373
PG 8
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 922PB
UT WOS:000228848800011
ER

PT J
AU Ryder, EJ
   Milligan, DC
AF Ryder, EJ
   Milligan, DC
TI Additional genes controlling flowering time in Lactuca sativa and L.
   serriola
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE L. sativa; L. serriola; lettuce; early flowering; bolting
ID DWARF MUTANTS; LETTUCE; GIBBERELLINS; INHERITANCE
AB Six genes controlling flowering time or bolting time in Lactuca L. have been reported. Several crosses between parents differing in time to opening of first flower were made to ascertain the inheritance of additional flowering time traits in Lactuca species. The parents in the crosses were of five flowering classes: very late (VL), late (L), early (E), very early (VE), and very, very early (VVE). Segregation from a cross between C-2-1-1 (VL) (L. sativa L.) and `Vanguard 75' (L) confirmed that `Vanguard 75' flowering was controlled by the previously identified gene Ef-2ef-2. Mutant line 87-41M-7 (VVE) was crossed by D-3-22M (VE) and segregated 3VVE:1 VE, indicating a dominant allele, Ef-3, that decreased flowering time an additional 7 days. Cos-like line 796 (VE) was crossed to cultivars Salinas (VL) and Vanguard 75. Segregation indicated a gene Ef-4ef-4, with lateness dominant. PI 175735 (E) (L. serriola L.), crossed with C-2-1-1 produced an F-2 population with a bimodal distribution, segregating 3 E:1 VL, indicating a single gene Ef-5ef-5. PI 236396 (E) and PI 250020 (E) were crossed to `Saunas' and `Vanguard 75'. Segregation and morphological similarity indicated the same gene in both PI lines, Ef-6ef-6, with earliness dominant.
C1 USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
RP Ryder, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA.
EM eryder@pw.ars.usda.gov
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA
SN 0003-1062
J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI
JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 3
BP 448
EP 453
PG 6
WC Horticulture
SC Agriculture
GA 922PB
UT WOS:000228848800022
ER

PT J
AU Kursar, TA
   Engelbrecht, BMJ
   Tyree, MT
AF Kursar, TA
   Engelbrecht, BMJ
   Tyree, MT
TI A comparison of methods for determining soil water availability in two
   sites in Panama with similar rainfall but distinct tree communities
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution; diversity; drought; edaphic; matric potential; Panama;
   productivity; soil texture
ID BARRO COLORADO ISLAND; TROPICAL FOREST; FLORISTIC COMPOSITION; CLIMATIC
   GRADIENT; SEVERE DROUGHT; DRY SEASON; EL-NINO; DIVERSITY; TEXTURE;
   RETENTION
AB Plant productivity. distribution and diversity in tropical rain forests correlate with water availability. Water availability is determined by rainfall and also by the available water capacity of the soil. However, while rainfall is recognized as important, linkages between plant distribution and differences among soils in available water capacity have not been demonstrated. One reason for this may be that measurements of soil moisture, such as gravimetric water content, may be overly Simplistic. To investigate this, we compared two sites in Panama, Allee and Rio Paja, which have similar rainfall but different plant communities. Soil water release curves were obtained from about - 0.1 MPa to - 9 MPa, permitting us to calculate available water capacity. The Rio Paja site had 17% greater available water capacity (between - 0.1 MPa to - 3 MPa), whereas the gravimetric water content at Rio Paja was lower by 16% in rainy season and by 41% at the end of the dry season. Hence soil gravimetric water content and soil available water capacity did not correspond. The results suggest that available water capacity may better predict plant distributions. Hence, whenever possible, available water capacity should be determined in addition to gravimetric water content.
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
   USDA, Forest Serv, Burlington, VT 05402 USA.
RP Kursar, TA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM kursar@biology.utah.edu
RI Engelbrecht, Bettina/E-9914-2012
NR 68
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 14
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 21
BP 297
EP 305
DI 10.1017/S0266467405002324
PN 3
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 945JS
UT WOS:000230499400006
ER

PT J
AU Hamir, AN
   Kunkle, RA
   Cutlip, RC
   Miller, JM
   O'Rourke, KI
   Williams, ES
   Miller, MW
   Stack, MJ
   Chaplin, MJ
   Richt, JA
AF Hamir, AN
   Kunkle, RA
   Cutlip, RC
   Miller, JM
   O'Rourke, KI
   Williams, ES
   Miller, MW
   Stack, MJ
   Chaplin, MJ
   Richt, JA
TI Experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease agent from mule
   deer to cattle by the intracerebral route
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE cattle; chronic wasting disease (CWD) of mule deer; prion disease
ID BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; PRION PROTEIN; SCRAPIE AGENT;
   DIAGNOSIS; SHEEP; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INOCULATION; FIBRILS; ELK
AB This communication reports final observations on experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) from mule deer to cattle by the intracerebral route. Thirteen calves were inoculated intracerebrally with brain suspension from mule deer naturally affected with CWD. Three other calves were kept as uninoculated controls. The experiment was terminated 6 years after inoculation. During that time, abnormal prion protein (PrPres) was demonstrated in the central nervous system (CNS) of 5 cattle by both immunohistochemistry and Western blot. However, microscopic lesions suggestive of spongiform encephalopathy (SE) in the brains of these PrPres-positive animals were subtle in 3 cases and absent in 2 cases. Analysis of the gene encoding bovine PRNP revealed homozygosity for alleles encoding 6 octapeptide repeats, serine (S) at codon 46, and S at codon 146 in all samples. Findings of this study show that although PrPres amplification occurred after direct inoculation into the brain, none of the affected animals had classic histopathologic lesions of SE. Furthermore, only 38% of the inoculated cattle demonstrated amplification of PrPres. Although intracerebral inoculation is an unnatural route of exposure, this experiment shows that CWD transmission in cattle Could have long incubation periods (up to 5 years). This finding suggests that oral exposure of cattle to CWD agent, a more natural potential route of exposure, would require not only a much larger dose of inoculum but also may not result in amplification of PrPres within CNS tissues during the normal lifespan of cattle.
C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
   USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
   Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
   Colorado Div Wildlife, Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
   Vet Serv Agcy, Weybridge KT15 3NB, Surrey, England.
RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
RI Chaplin, Melanie/C-7218-2011; Stack, Michael/C-7590-2011
NR 20
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 4
U2 10
PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC
PI TURLOCK
PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA
SN 1040-6387
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 17
IS 3
BP 276
EP 281
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 926XO
UT WOS:000229157200014
PM 15945388
ER

PT J
AU Tsai, CW
   Redinbaugh, MG
   Willie, KJ
   Reed, S
   Goodin, M
   Hogenhout, SA
AF Tsai, CW
   Redinbaugh, MG
   Willie, KJ
   Reed, S
   Goodin, M
   Hogenhout, SA
TI Complete genome sequence and in planta subcellular localization of maize
   fine streak virus proteins
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOW NET VIRUS; VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; STUNT RHABDOVIRUS; MATRIX
   PROTEIN; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; GLYCOPROTEIN GENE; MOSAIC-VIRUS; RNA;
   EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION
AB The genome of the nucleorhabdovirus maize fine streak virus (MFSV) consists of 13,782 nucleotides of nonsegmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA. The antigenomic strand consisted of seven open reading frames (ORFs), and transcripts of all ORFs were detected in infected plants. ORFI, ORF6, and ORF7 had significant similarities to the nucleocapsid protein (N), glycoprotein (G), and polymerase (L) genes of other rhabdoviruses, respectively, whereas the ORF2, ORF3, ORF4, and ORF5 proteins had no significant similarities. The N (ORF1), ORF4, and ORF5 proteins localized to nuclei, consistent with the presence of nuclear localization signals (NLSs) in these proteins. ORF5 likely encodes the matrix protein (M), based on its size, the position of its NLS, and the localization of fluorescent protein fusions to the nucleus. ORF2 probably encodes the phosphoprotein (P) because, like the P protein of Sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV), it was spread throughout the cell when expressed alone but was relocalized to a subnuclear locus when coexpressed with the MFSV N protein. Unexpectedly, coexpression of the MFSV N and P proteins, but not the orthologous proteins of SYNV, resulted in accumulations of both proteins in the nucleolus. The N and P protein relocalization was specific to cognate proteins of each virus. The subcellular localizations of the MFSV ORF3 and ORF4 proteins were distinct from that of the SYNV sc4 protein, suggesting different functions. To our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of the cellular localizations of plant rhabdoviral proteins. This study indicated that plant rhabdoviruses are diverse in genome sequence and viral protein interactions.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
   Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
   USDA, Wooster, OH USA.
   Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
RP Hogenhout, SA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
EM hogenhout.1@osu.edu
RI Tsai, Chi-Wei/A-8139-2008; Hogenhout, Saskia/D-9266-2012; Redinbaugh,
   Margaret/A-3611-2013; 
OI TSAI, CHI-WEI/0000-0002-3880-7251
NR 45
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 79
IS 9
BP 5304
EP 5314
DI 10.1128/JVI.79.9.5304-5314.2005
PG 11
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 917CH
UT WOS:000228433100008
PM 15827145
ER

PT J
AU Carrillo, C
   Tulman, ER
   Delhon, G
   Lu, Z
   Carreno, A
   Vagnozzi, A
   Kutish, GF
   Rock, DL
AF Carrillo, C
   Tulman, ER
   Delhon, G
   Lu, Z
   Carreno, A
   Vagnozzi, A
   Kutish, GF
   Rock, DL
TI Comparative genomics of foot-and-mouth disease virus
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID RIBOSOME ENTRY SITE; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN
   STRUCTURE; STRAND RNA VIRUSES; TRANSLATION INITIATION; NONSTRUCTURAL
   PROTEINS; LEADER PROTEINASE; ACTIVE-SITE; A VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE
   SUBSTITUTIONS
AB Here we present complete genome sequences, including a comparative analysis, of 103 isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) representing all seven serotypes and including the first complete sequences of the SAT1 and SAT3 genomes. The data reveal novel highly conserved genomic regions, indicating functional constraints for variability as well as novel viral genomic motifs with likely biological relevance. Previously undescribed invariant motifs were identified in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTR), as was tolerance for insertions/deletions in the 5' UTR. Fifty-eight percent of the amino acids encoded by FMDV isolates are invariant, suggesting that these residues are critical for virus biology. Novel, conserved sequence motifs with likely functional significance were identified within proteins L-pro, 1B, 1D, and 3C. An analysis of the complete FMDV genomes indicated phylogenetic incongruities between different genomic regions which were suggestive of interserotypic recombination. Additionally, a novel SAT virus lineage containing nonstructural protein-encoding regions distinct from other SAT and Euroasiatic lineages was identified. Insights into viral RNA sequence conservation and variability and genetic diversity in nature will likely impact our understanding of FMDV infections, host range, and transmission.
C1 Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
   Univ Connecticut, Ctr Excellence Vaccine, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
   USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
   Univ Buenos Aires, Sch Vet Sci, Area Virol, RA-1427 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Rock, DL (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, 61 N Eagleville Rd,Unit 3089, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM drock@cshore.com
NR 117
TC 222
Z9 255
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 79
IS 10
BP 6487
EP 6504
DI 10.1128/JVI.79.10.6487-6504.2005
PG 18
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 922CV
UT WOS:000228814400059
PM 15858032
ER

PT J
AU Roberts, SB
   Hajduk, CL
   Howarth, NC
   Russell, R
   McCrory, MA
AF Roberts, SB
   Hajduk, CL
   Howarth, NC
   Russell, R
   McCrory, MA
TI Dietary variety predicts low body mass index and inadequate
   macronutrient and micronutrient intakes in community-dwelling older
   adults
SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL
   SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-INTAKE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; FOOD-INTAKE; ELDERLY POPULATION;
   HEALTHY-ADULTS; MORTALITY; AMERICANS; PATTERNS; PEOPLE; MEN
AB Background. Low body mass index (BMI) and micronutrient deficiencies are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in old age. Whether adverse patterns of dietary variety predict both low BMI and low micronutrient intakes in older adults was investigated.
   Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of national survey data was conducted in 1174 healthy adult men and women (ages 21 to 90 years) who provided physiologically plausible dietary data in the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. Measurements included reported energy intake, protein intake (percentage meeting Recommended Dietary Allowance), micronutrient intakes (percentage meeting Estimated Average Requirements for 14 micronutrients), and BMI.
   Results. Adults who were 61 years or older consumed a greater total variety of foods, chose foods from a wider range of food groups, had a greater variety of micronutrient-dense foods and energy-weak foods, and had a lower variety of micronutrient-weak foods compared with adults ages 21 to 60 years (p < .05 to .001). However, older adults with low BMIs (< 22 kg/m(2)) consumed a lower variety of energy-dense foods compared with older adults with higher BMIs (p < .05). The variety of energy-dense foods predicted both energy intake and BMI at all ages in multiple regression models controlling for confounding variables (R-2 = .124 for energy, R-2 = .574 for BMI, p < .001). A higher percentage of older persons had inadequate micronutrient intakes compared with younger persons (p < .05), especially vitamin E, calcium, and magnesium, but consumption of a particularly wide variety of micronutrient-rich foods helped counterbalance these trends (p < .05). Older adults who had a low BMI and consumed a low variety of micronutrient-dense foods were particularly at nutritional risk, with only 65.4% consuming the Recommended Dietary Allowance for protein and none meeting the Estimated Average Requirements for all 14 micronutrients.
   Conclusions. In contrast to previous suggestions that older persons consume a monotonous diet, this study showed that adults who were 61 years or older consumed a greater total food variety, and a greater variety of micronutrient-dense and energy-weak foods, compared with adults who were 60 years or younger. Although consumption of a low variety of energy-dense foods may contribute to reduced energy intake and body weight at any age, the variety of micronutrient-dense foods consumed needs to increase in old age to prevent micronutrient deficiencies. These findings suggest that all adults need advice on the changing needs for dietary variety with aging to maintain health, and that older persons with low BMI are particularly vulnerable to dietary shortfalls.
C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP McCrory, MA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
EM mmccrory@bastyr.edu
NR 47
TC 45
Z9 53
U1 1
U2 6
PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA
SN 1079-5006
J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL
JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 5
BP 613
EP 621
PG 9
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology
GA 937JU
UT WOS:000229921200018
PM 15972614
ER

PT J
AU de Vos, NJ
   Singh, NA
   Ross, DA
   Stavrinos, TM
   Orr, R
   Singh, MAF
AF de Vos, NJ
   Singh, NA
   Ross, DA
   Stavrinos, TM
   Orr, R
   Singh, MAF
TI Optimal load for increasing muscle power during explosive resistance
   training in older adults
SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL
   SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; LEG POWER; FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE; BODY-COMPOSITION;
   ELDERLY-PEOPLE; SERUM HORMONES; FRAIL ELDERS; STRENGTH; WOMEN; VELOCITY
AB Background. Muscle power (force X velocity) recedes at a faster rate than strength with age and may also be a stronger predictor of fall risk and functional decline. The optimal training paradigm for improving muscle power in older adults is not known, although some literature suggests high velocity, low load training is optimal in young adults.
   Methods. One hundred twelve healthy older adults (69 +/- 6 years) were randomly assigned to either explosive resistance training at 20% (G20), 50% (G50), or 80% (G80) one repetition maximum (IRM) for 8-12 weeks or to a nontraining control group (CON). Participants trained twice per week (five exercises: three sets of eight rapidly concentric and slow eccentric repetitions) using pneumatic resistance machines. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and covariance (ANOVA and ANCOVA) were used to determine the effects of training.
   Results. Average peak power increased significantly and similarly in G80 (14 +/- 8%) G50 (15 +/- 9%), and G20 (14 +/- 6%) compared to CON (3 +/- 6%) (p < .0001). By contrast, a positive dose-response relationship with training intensity was observed for relative changes in average strength (r = .40, p = .0009) and endurance (r = .43. p = .0005). Average strength increased in G80 (20 +/- 7%), G50 (16 +/- 7%), and G20 (13 +/- 7%) compared to CON (4 +/- 4%) (p < .0001). Average muscle endurance increased in G80 (185 +/- 126%. p < .0001). G50 (103 +/- 75%, p = .0004). and G20 (82 +/- 57% p = .0078) compared to CON (28 +/- 29%).
   Conclusion. Peak muscle power may be improved similarly using light, moderate, or heavy resistances, whereas there is a dose-response relationship between training intensity and muscle strength and endurance changes. Therefore. using heavy loads during explosive resistance training may be the most effective strategy to achieve simultaneous improvements in muscle strength, power, and endurance in older adults.
C1 Univ Sydney, Sch Exercise & Sport Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
   Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
   Balmain Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
   Tufts Univ, Hebrew Rehabil Ctr Aged, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
   Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
RP de Vos, NJ (reprint author), 149 Ingleburn Rd, Leppington, NSW 2171, Australia.
EM devos@optusnet.com.au
RI Orr, Rhonda/C-1817-2008
NR 48
TC 101
Z9 105
U1 4
U2 20
PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA
SN 1079-5006
J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL
JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 5
BP 638
EP 647
PG 10
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology
GA 937JU
UT WOS:000229921200022
PM 15972618
ER

PT J
AU Price, SJ
   Marks, DR
   Howe, RW
   Hanowski, JM
   Niemi, GJ
AF Price, SJ
   Marks, DR
   Howe, RW
   Hanowski, JM
   Niemi, GJ
TI The importance of spatial scale for conservation and assessment of
   anuran populations in coastal wetlands of the western Great Lakes, USA
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibians; frogs; habitat associations; Lake Huron; Lake Michigan;
   landscape; logistic regression; predictive models; urbanization
ID POND WATER CHEMISTRY; FROG RANA-SYLVATICA; SPECIES RICHNESS; LANDSCAPE
   COMPOSITION; BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; STOPPING RULES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BUFFER
   ZONES; GREEN BAY; HABITAT
AB Distributions of pond-breeding amphibians may be influenced by habitat factors at different spatial scales. We used anuran calling surveys to investigate the association between 5 anuran species and habitat variables measured within 100, 500, 1000, and 3000 m of sampling points at 63 coastal wetlands along the US shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. Stepwise logistic regression was used to create predictive models for each species at each spatial scale. Our results confirm the view that habitat variables at multiple scales influence frog distributions, but the strength of predictive models was significantly affected by the spatial scale at which habitat variables were derived. Remotely sensed habitat variables within a 3000 m radius were among the most effective predictors of occurrence for American toad (Bufo americanus), eastern gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor), spring peeper (Pseudacris crucifer), and green frog (Rana clamitans melanota). The western chorus frog (Pseudacris triseriata) was predicted most effectively by variables derived within a 500 m radius. For the most part, these anurans exhibited species-specific responses to habitat variables; however the suite of landscape-scale variables associated with urban land use appeared in all species' regression models. Associations with landscape-scale variables coupled with well-documented habitat needs at local breeding sites suggest that conservation and assessment of frogs and toads in coastal wetlands should consider the influence of habitat variables at multiple spatial scales.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Cofrin Ctr Biodivers, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA.
   Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA.
   Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA.
   APHIS Wildlife Serv, USDA, Okemos, MI 48864 USA.
RP Howe, RW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Cofrin Ctr Biodivers, MAC 212, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA.
EM hower@uwgb.edu
NR 87
TC 32
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
EI 1572-9761
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2005
VL 20
IS 4
BP 441
EP 454
DI 10.1007/s10980-004-3167-6
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 980RE
UT WOS:000233035100006
ER

EF