FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Bull, CT Goldman, PH Morris, NC Koike, ST Kobayashi, DY AF Bull, C. T. Goldman, P. H. Morris, N. C. Koike, S. T. Kobayashi, D. Y. TI Expanded host and geographic range of Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bull, C. T.; Goldman, P. H.; Morris, N. C.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Koike, S. T.] Univ Calif, Salinas, CA USA. [Kobayashi, D. Y.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S12 EP S12 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500078 ER PT J AU Bull, CT Goldman, PH Smith, RF Koike, ST AF Bull, C. T. Goldman, P. H. Smith, R. F. Koike, S. T. TI Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis and Pseudomonas syringae pv. Maculicola cause disease on crucifers used in cover crop mixtures SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bull, C. T.; Goldman, P. H.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Smith, R. F.; Koike, S. T.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501381 ER PT J AU Bull, CT AF Bull, C. T. TI Survey of USDA/ARS research on plant diseases in organic agricultural systems SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bull, C. T.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501382 ER PT J AU Burrows, M Smith, D Benson, E Gray, S AF Burrows, M. Smith, D. Benson, E. Gray, S. TI The genetics of Luteovirus transmission in the aphid vector, Schizaphis graminum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Burrows, M.; Smith, D.; Benson, E.; Gray, S.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S12 EP S12 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500080 ER PT J AU Butchko, RAE Proctor, RH Plattner, RD AF Butchko, R. A. E. Proctor, R. H. Plattner, R. D. TI Elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway by deletion analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Butchko, R. A. E.; Proctor, R. H.; Plattner, R. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501193 ER PT J AU Cadle-Davidson, L Cadle-Davidson, M Nerad, T Gray, SM Bergstrom, GC AF Cadle-Davidson, L. Cadle-Davidson, M. Nerad, T. Gray, S. M. Bergstrom, G. C. TI Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus replicates in the saprophytic protozoan Colpoda SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cadle-Davidson, M.; Gray, S. M.; Bergstrom, G. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, L.] PGRU, USDA ARS, Geneva, NY USA. [Nerad, T.] Amer Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA 20108 USA. [Gray, S. M.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S163 EP S164 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501475 ER PT J AU Caolo-Tanski, JM Hanson, LE Hill, AL Hill, JP Schwartz, HF AF Caolo-Tanski, J. M. Hanson, L. E. Hill, A. L. Hill, J. P. Schwartz, H. F. TI The use of Melaleuca oil for crop disease control SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caolo-Tanski, J. M.; Hill, J. P.; Schwartz, H. F.] Colorado State Univ, BSPM, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hanson, L. E.; Hill, A. L.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501383 ER PT J AU Cardwell, K AF Cardwell, K. TI The role of CSREES in responding to new and emerging agricultural pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cardwell, K.] USDA, CSREES, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S129 EP S129 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501251 ER PT J AU Carson, M AF Carson, M. TI Does the species concept matter in breeding for resistance? The maize gray leaf spot experience SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carson, M.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501225 ER PT J AU Chellemi, O Mirusso, J Nance, J AF Chellemi, O. Mirusso, J. Nance, J. TI Transition from methyl bromide use on commercial vegetable farms SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chellemi, O.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Mirusso, J.] Mirusso Enterprises, Delray Beach, FL 33446 USA. [Nance, J.] Dow AgroSci, Winter Haven, FL 33884 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500106 ER PT J AU Chen, J Groves, R Civerolo, EL Viveros, M Freeman, M Zheng, Y AF Chen, J. Groves, R. Civerolo, E. L. Viveros, M. Freeman, M. Zheng, Y. TI Simultaneous association of two Xylella fastidiosa genotypes with almond leaf scorch disease in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, J.; Groves, R.; Civerolo, E. L.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500111 ER PT J AU Chen, W Sharma, KD Wheeler, MH Muehlbauer, FJ AF Chen, W. Sharma, K. D. Wheeler, M. H. Muehlbauer, F. J. TI The role of melanin production in Ascochyta blight of chickpea SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, W.; Sharma, K. D.; Muehlbauer, F. J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wheeler, M. H.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S132 EP S132 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501269 ER PT J AU Chen, W McPhee, KE Muehlbauer, FJ AF Chen, W. McPhee, K. E. Muehlbauer, F. J. TI Chickpea rootstocks have no effect on chickpea scions in reaction to Ascochyta rabiei SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, W.; McPhee, K. E.; Muehlbauer, F. J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S17 EP S18 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500114 ER PT J AU Chen, W Sharma, KD Wheeler, MH Muehlbauer, FJ AF Chen, W. Sharma, K. D. Wheeler, M. H. Muehlbauer, F. J. TI Melanin production in Ascochyta rabiei is involved in pathogenicity on chickpea SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, W.; Sharma, K. D.; Muehlbauer, F. J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wheeler, M. H.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500115 ER PT J AU Chen, XM Moore, MK Wood, DA AF Chen, X. M. Moore, M. K. Wood, D. A. TI Stripe rust epidemics and races of Puccinia striiformis in the United States in 2003 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, X. M.; Wood, D. A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.; Moore, M. K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500116 ER PT J AU Chen, ZY Brown, RL Cleveland, TE Damann, KE AF Chen, Z. -Y. Brown, R. L. Cleveland, T. E. Damann, K. E. TI Investigating the roles of an aflatoxin resistance-associated protein in maize using RNAi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, Z. -Y.; Damann, K. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Brown, R. L.; Cleveland, T. E.] USDA ARS, SRRC, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500118 ER PT J AU Chenault, KD Melouk, HA Holbrook, CC AF Chenault, K. D. Melouk, H. A. Holbrook, C. C. TI Post-harvest aflatoxin accumulation in transgenic peanut lines containing anti-fungal genes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chenault, K. D.; Melouk, H. A.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Lab, Stillwater, OK USA. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500119 ER PT J AU Choi, JJ Frederick, RD AF Choi, J. J. Frederick, R. D. TI Identification of differentially expressed genes from a resistant soybean-rust interaction using suppressive subtractive hybridization SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Choi, J. J.; Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500123 ER PT J AU Church, GT AF Church, G. T. TI Phytoparasitic nematodes associated with field-grown floricultural crops in southern Florida. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Church, G. T.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500126 ER PT J AU Cohen, MF Fazio, G AF Cohen, M. F. Fazio, G. TI Impact of soybean and rapeseed seed meal on microbial populations and growth of apple in replant orchard soils SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cohen, M. F.] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Fazio, G.] USDA ARS, Geneva, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S68 EP S68 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500459 ER PT J AU Cohen, MF Yamasaki, H Mazzola, M AF Cohen, M. F. Yamasaki, H. Mazzola, M. TI Suppression of Rhizoctonia root rot and increased recovery of NOS+ Streptomyces spp. in rapeseed meal amended soils. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cohen, M. F.; Mazzola, M.] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Yamasaki, H.] Univ Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 90301, Japan. RI Yamasaki, Hideo/F-1465-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500129 ER PT J AU Collmer, A Alfano, JR Buell, CR Cartinhour, S Chatterjee, AK Martin, GB Schneider, DJ Tang, X AF Collmer, A. Alfano, J. R. Buell, C. R. Cartinhour, S. Chatterjee, A. K. Martin, G. B. Schneider, D. J. Tang, X. TI Pseudomonas syringae pathogenicity explored from the perspective of type III secretion systems and comparative genomics SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Collmer, A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Alfano, J. R.] Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD USA. [Buell, C. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Cartinhour, S.; Schneider, D. J.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chatterjee, A. K.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Martin, G. B.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tang, X.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RI Martin, Gregory/F-6262-2011; Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Martin, Gregory/0000-0003-0044-6830; Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S121 EP S121 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501198 ER PT J AU Connell, JH Uyemoto, JK Rosecrance, R AF Connell, J. H. Uyemoto, J. K. Rosecrance, R. TI Effect of scion bud source and irrigation on incidence of almond union mild etch. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Connell, J. H.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Oroville, CA USA. [Uyemoto, J. K.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rosecrance, R.] Calif State Univ Chico, Chico, CA 95929 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500133 ER PT J AU Conway, WS Leverentz, B Janisiewicz, WJ Saftner, RA Camp, MJ AF Conway, W. S. Leverentz, B. Janisiewicz, W. J. Saftner, R. A. Camp, M. J. TI Improving biocontrol using antagonist mixtures with heat and/or sodium bicarbonate to control postharvest decay of apple fruit. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Conway, W. S.; Leverentz, B.; Saftner, R. A.] USDA ARS, PQSL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Camp, M. J.] USDA ARS, BCS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Janisiewicz, W. J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500134 ER PT J AU Copes, WE Hendrix, FF AF Copes, W. E. Hendrix, F. F., Jr. TI Temperature effect on sporulation of Botryosphaeria dothidea, B obtusa, and B rhodina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Copes, W. E.] USDA ARS, Small Fruit Res Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Hendrix, F. F., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S143 EP S144 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501342 ER PT J AU Copes, WE Scherm, H AF Copes, W. E. Scherm, H. TI Plant spacing effect on microclimate and Rhizoctonia web blight development in container-grown azalea. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Copes, W. E.] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS USA. [Scherm, H.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500136 ER PT J AU Costanzo, S Redinbaugh, MG Dorrance, AE AF Costanzo, S. Redinbaugh, M. G. Dorrance, A. E. TI Expression of defense genes in root tissues of two soybean cultivars with different levels of partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Costanzo, S.; Dorrance, A. E.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.] USDA ARS, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500138 ER PT J AU Cotty, PJ AF Cotty, P. J. TI Variability among vegetative compatibility groups of Aspergillus flavus in crop colonization and overwintering. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500140 ER PT J AU Cowger, C Silva-Rojas, HV AF Cowger, C. Silva-Rojas, H. V. TI Frequency of the teleomorph of Phaeosphaeria nodorum on winter wheat in North Carolina, USA. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cowger, C.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Silva-Rojas, H. V.] Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo, Mexico. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S22 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500141 ER PT J AU Curley, J Sim, SC Warnke, S Barker, R Leong, S Jung, G AF Curley, J. Sim, S. C. Warnke, S. Barker, R. Leong, S. Jung, G. TI QTL mapping of resistance to a ryegrass isolate and a rice-infecting lab strain in ryegrass, and comparison with blast resistance genes in rice SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Curley, J.; Sim, S. C.; Leong, S.; Jung, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Warnke, S.] US Natl Arboretum, Washington, DC USA. [Barker, R.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Leong, Sally /I-8550-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500151 ER PT J AU Dallot, S Gottwald, T Labonne, G Quiot, JB AF Dallot, S. Gottwald, T. Labonne, G. Quiot, J. B. TI Spread of Sharka disease (PPV-M strain) in peach orchards submitted to roguing in southern France SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dallot, S.; Gottwald, T.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Dallot, S.; Labonne, G.; Quiot, J. B.] INRA, UMR BGPI, F-34398 Montpellier, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500153 ER PT J AU Damsteegt, VD Scorza, R Gildow, FE Schneider, WL Stone, AL Luster, DG AF Damsteegt, V. D. Scorza, R. Gildow, F. E. Schneider, W. L. Stone, A. L. Luster, D. G. TI Comparative host range of US isolates of Plum pox virus among Prunus and other woody plant species following graft inoculation or aphid transmission SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Damsteegt, V. D.; Schneider, W. L.; Stone, A. L.; Luster, D. G.] USDA ARS, FDWSR, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Scorza, R.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Gildow, F. E.] PSU, Dept Plant Pathol, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500156 ER PT J AU Davidson, RM Hanson, LE Franc, GD Spence, RM Panella, L AF Davidson, R. M. Hanson, L. E. Franc, G. D. Spence, R. M. Panella, L. TI Analysis of beta-tubulin in Cercospora beticola with differing benzimidazole-sensitivity characteristics SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davidson, R. M.; Hanson, L. E.; Panella, L.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Franc, G. D.; Spence, R. M.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500159 ER PT J AU Davis, JM Morse, AM Huber, DA Nelson, CD Covert, SF AF Davis, J. M. Morse, A. M. Huber, D. A. Nelson, C. D. Covert, S. F. TI Genetic architecture of loblolly pine interactions with contrasting pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, J. M.; Morse, A. M.; Huber, D. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Nelson, C. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Saucier, MS USA. [Covert, S. F.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S133 EP S133 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501273 ER PT J AU Davis, RE Zhao, Y Dally, EL Jorriantiene, R Lin, S Roe, B Shao, J AF Davis, R. E. Zhao, Y. Dally, E. L. Jorriantiene, R. Lin, S. Roe, B. Shao, J. TI The Spiroplasma kunkelii genome: Insights to a parasitic lifestyle in insects and plants. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.; Dally, E. L.; Jorriantiene, R.; Shao, J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lin, S.; Roe, B.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S123 EP S123 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501211 ER PT J AU De Souza, JT Rehner, SA Samuels, GJ Pomella, AW Hebbar, PK AF De Souza, J. T. Rehner, S. A. Samuels, G. J. Pomella, A. W. Hebbar, P. K. TI Phylogenetic analysis of Trichoderma stromaticum, a mycoparasite of Crinipellis perniciosa, the cause of witches' broom disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [De Souza, J. T.] Univ Maryland, Wye Res & Educ Ctr, Queenstown, MD USA. [De Souza, J. T.; Rehner, S. A.; Samuels, G. J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Pomella, A. W.] Almirante Cacau, Itajulppe, BA, Brazil. [Hebbar, P. K.] Mars Inc, Hackettstown, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500162 ER PT J AU Del Carpio, DP Redinbaugh, MG Vacha, JL Berry, SA Hammond, R Madden, L Dorrance, AE AF Del Carpio, D. Pino Redinbaugh, M. G. Vacha, J. L. Berry, S. A. Hammond, R. Madden, L. Dorrance, A. E. TI The effect of insect resistance on Bean pod mottle virus transmission in soybeans SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Del Carpio, D. Pino; Redinbaugh, M. G.; Vacha, J. L.; Berry, S. A.; Madden, L.; Dorrance, A. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH USA. [Hammond, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500573 ER PT J AU Desjardins, AE AF Desjardins, A. E. TI Perspectives on the history and taxonomy of Fusarium verticillioides (teleomorph, Gibberella moniliformis). SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Desjardins, A. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501191 ER PT J AU Djonovic, S Dangott, LJ Howell, CR Kenerley, CM AF Djonovic, S. Dangott, L. J. Howell, C. R. Kenerley, C. M. TI Functional characterization of SM1, a 16-kDa protein from Trichoderma virens involved in plant-associated interactions SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Djonovic, S.; Dangott, L. J.; Kenerley, C. M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Howell, C. R.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500171 ER PT J AU Doster, MA Michailides, TJ Cotty, PJ AF Doster, M. A. Michailides, T. J. Cotty, P. J. TI Incidence of the atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strain AF36 in pistachio and fig orchards in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Doster, M. A.; Michailides, T. J.] Univ Calif, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500173 ER PT J AU Dugan, FM Peever, TL Chen, W AF Dugan, F. M. Peever, T. L. Chen, W. TI Fungi resident in chickpea debris and competitive interactions with Ascochyta rabiei SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dugan, F. M.; Chen, W.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Peever, T. L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S27 EP S27 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500177 ER PT J AU Elliott, M Rossman, A Farr, D Edmonds, RL AF Elliott, M. Rossman, A. Farr, D. Edmonds, R. L. TI A new species of Fusicoccum causing a canker disease of Pacific madrone SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Elliott, M.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rossman, A.; Farr, D.] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S27 EP S28 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500182 ER PT J AU Engle, JS Lipps, PE Friesen, TL AF Engle, J. S. Lipps, P. E. Friesen, T. L. TI Distribution of tan spot and race structure of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in Ohio SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Engle, J. S.; Lipps, P. E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Friesen, T. L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Ag Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500183 ER PT J AU Eskandari, F Bruckart, WL AF Eskandari, F. Bruckart, W. L., III TI A new isolate of Ramularia crupinae for biological control of common crupina SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eskandari, F.; Bruckart, W. L., III] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S142 EP S142 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501334 ER PT J AU Fermin, G Keith, R Gonsalves, D AF Fermin, G. Keith, R. Gonsalves, D. TI Molecular safety assessment of transgenic papayas harboring the chimeric coat protein (CP) of Papaya ringspot virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fermin, G.; Keith, R.; Gonsalves, D.] ARS, USDA, PWA, PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S151 EP S151 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501391 ER PT J AU Ferro, CR Hill, CB Milles, MR Hartman, GL AF Ferro, C. R. Hill, C. B. Milles, M. R. Hartman, G. L. TI Soybean partial resistance and tolerance to Phytophthora sojae SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ferro, C. R.; Hill, C. B.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Milles, M. R.; Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S29 EP S30 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500196 ER PT J AU Fish, WW AF Fish, W. W. TI The expression of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein activity as a function of cantaloupe fruit maturation and fruit tissue origin SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fish, W. W.] USDA ARS SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S168 EP S168 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501501 ER PT J AU Flaherty, JE Dunkle, LD AF Flaherty, J. E. Dunkle, L. D. TI Blue light represses conidiation in Exserohilum turcicum, the causal agent of northern leaf blight of maize SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Flaherty, J. E.; Dunkle, L. D.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500199 ER PT J AU Folimonova, SY Folimonov, AS Robertson, CJ Garnsey, SM Hilf, ME Dawson, WO AF Folimonova, S. Y. Folimonov, A. S. Robertson, C. J. Garnsey, S. M. Hilf, M. E. Dawson, W. O. TI Mapping determinants of stem pitting in Citrus tristeza virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Folimonova, S. Y.; Folimonov, A. S.; Robertson, C. J.; Garnsey, S. M.; Dawson, W. O.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Hilf, M. E.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500202 ER PT J AU Francis, M Civerolo, E Lin, H AF Francis, M. Civerolo, E. Lin, H. TI PCR-based systems for the detection, differentiation and quantification of Xylella fastidiosa strains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Francis, M.; Lin, H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Civerolo, E.; Lin, H.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S31 EP S31 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500207 ER PT J AU French, R Stenger, DC AF French, R. Stenger, D. C. TI Reciprocal monophyly of Potyvirus and Rymovirus genera, family Potyviridae, is supported by genome sequences of Agropyron mosaic virus and Hordeum mosaic virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [French, R.; Stenger, D. C.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500210 ER PT J AU Friesen, TL Faris, JD Steffenson, BJ AF Friesen, T. L. Faris, J. D. Steffenson, B. J. TI Mapping of a major net blotch resistance gene in the Q21861 X SM89010 doubled haploid population SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Friesen, T. L.; Faris, J. D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Steffenson, B. J.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500211 ER PT J AU Fuente, LD Landa, BB Thomashow, LS Weller, DM AF Fuente, L. De La Landa, B. B. Thomashow, L. S. Weller, D. M. TI Dynamics of rhizosphere competition among genotypes of 2,4-diacetyl-phlorogucinol (DAPG)-producing Pseudomonas fluorescens depends on the host crop SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Landa, B. B.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, E-14080 Cordoba, Spain. [Thomashow, L. S.; Weller, D. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Landa, Blanca/K-9629-2014 OI Landa, Blanca/0000-0002-9511-3731 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S25 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500161 ER PT J AU Funnell, DL Pedersen, JF AF Funnell, D. L. Pedersen, J. F. TI Association of pericarp color, plant color and grain hardness with fungal colonization and susceptibility to grain mold SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Funnell, D. L.; Pedersen, J. F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500214 ER PT J AU Funnell, DL Pedersen, JF AF Funnell, D. L. Pedersen, J. F. TI Effects of sorghum cultivars with different levels of sorgoleone production, and wheat rotation, on soil microorganism communities SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Funnell, D. L.; Pedersen, J. F.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500215 ER PT J AU Fyffe, AE Stevens, C Khan, VA Wilson, CL Williams, JW AF Fyffe, A. E. Stevens, C. Khan, V. A. Wilson, C. L. Williams, J. W. TI Effects of sorghum cultivars with different levels of sorgoleone production, and wheat rotation, on soil microorganism communities SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fyffe, A. E.; Stevens, C.] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Wilson, C. L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Williams, J. W.] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Biol, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S33 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500216 ER PT J AU Gabler, FM Smilanick, JL AF Gabler, F. Mlikota Smilanick, J. L. TI Evaluation of postharvest treatment of table grapes with heated ethanol or water to control gray mold SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gabler, F. Mlikota; Smilanick, J. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500483 ER PT J AU Gabler, FM Mansour, MF Smilanick, JL Mackey, BE AF Gabler, F. Mlikota Mansour, M. F. Smilanick, J. L. Mackey, B. E. TI Toxicity of aqueous ethanol at various temperatures to spores of postharvest pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gabler, F. Mlikota; Mansour, M. F.; Smilanick, J. L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Mackey, B. E.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500484 ER PT J AU Gerik, JS Greene, ID AF Gerik, J. S. Greene, I. D. TI Drip applied soil fumigants for calla lily production SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gerik, J. S.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Greene, I. D.] Golden State Bulb Growers, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500226 ER PT J AU Gildow, FE Cox-Foster, D Gray, SM AF Gildow, F. E. Cox-Foster, D. Gray, S. M. TI Cellular and molecular regulation of luteovirus transmission by aphid vectors SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gildow, F. E.; Cox-Foster, D.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Gray, S. M.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Cox-Foster, Diana/L-1538-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S134 EP S134 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501282 ER PT J AU Gillaspie, AG Wang, ML Pinnow, DL Pittman, RN AF Gillaspie, A. G. Wang, M. L. Pinnow, D. L. Pittman, R. N. TI Development of a grid RT-PCR method for detection of Peanut mottle (PeMV) and Peanut stripe viruses (PStV) in peanut germ plasm SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gillaspie, A. G.; Wang, M. L.; Pinnow, D. L.; Pittman, R. N.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500229 ER PT J AU Gitaitis, RD Walcott, RR Sanders, FH Block, CC AF Gitaitis, R. D. Walcott, R. R. Sanders, F. H. Block, C. C. TI A lognormal distribution of phytopathogenic bacteria in corn, cowpea, tomato and watermelon seeds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gitaitis, R. D.; Sanders, F. H.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. [Walcott, R. R.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Block, C. C.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Introduct Stn, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S34 EP S34 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500230 ER PT J AU Goheen, E Hansen, E Kanaskie, A McWilliams, M Osterbauer, N Sutton, W Rehms, L AF Goheen, E. Hansen, E. Kanaskie, A. McWilliams, M. Osterbauer, N. Sutton, W. Rehms, L. TI An eradication strategy for Phytophthora ramorum in Oregon coastal forests SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goheen, E.] USDA, Forest Serv, Central Point, OR USA. [Hansen, E.; Sutton, W.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kanaskie, A.; McWilliams, M.] Oregon Dept Forestry, Salem, OR USA. [Osterbauer, N.; Rehms, L.] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500233 ER PT J AU Goswami, RS Xu, JR Kistler, HC AF Goswami, R. S. Xu, J. R. Kistler, H. C. TI Genomic analysis of host-pathogen interactions between Fusarium graminearum and its gramineous hosts SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goswami, R. S.; Kistler, H. C.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Xu, J. R.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kistler, H. C.] USDA ARS, CDL, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S36 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500237 ER PT J AU Gottwald, TR AF Gottwald, T. R. TI An overview of the epidemiology of Citrus tristeza virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S131 EP S131 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501261 ER PT J AU Gottwald, TR Kaplan, DT AF Gottwald, T. R. Kaplan, D. T. TI Mitigating the post-introduction impacts of new and emerging agricultural pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kaplan, D. T.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S130 EP S130 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501257 ER PT J AU Gremillion, SK Culbreath, AK Todd, JW Pitman, R Kucharek, TA AF Gremillion, S. K. Culbreath, A. K. Todd, J. W. Pitman, R. Kucharek, T. A. TI Influence of new breeding lines and tillage on peanut rust (Puccinia arachidis) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gremillion, S. K.; Culbreath, A. K.; Todd, J. W.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Pitman, R.] USDA ARS, Georgia Expt Stn, Griffin, GA USA. [Kucharek, T. A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S168 EP S168 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501502 ER PT J AU Gremillion, SK Culbreath, AK Todd, JW Pittman, R AF Gremillion, S. K. Culbreath, A. K. Todd, J. W. Pittman, R. TI Suppression of peanut leaf spot with tillage practices, resistant genotypes and reduced fungicide regimes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gremillion, S. K.; Culbreath, A. K.; Todd, J. W.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Pittman, R.] USDA ARS, Georgia Expt Stn, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S145 EP S145 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501351 ER PT J AU Grisham, MP Pan, YB AF Grisham, M. P. Pan, Y. -B. TI A genetic shift in the predominant virus strain causing mosaic in Louisiana sugarcane SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grisham, M. P.; Pan, Y. -B.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, SRRC, Houma, LA 70361 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500240 ER PT J AU Groves, R Chen, J Civerolo, E Viveros, M Freeman, M AF Groves, R. Chen, J. Civerolo, E. Viveros, M. Freeman, M. TI Almond leaf scorch disease in the San Joaquin Valley of California: Factors affecting pathogen distribution SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Groves, R.; Chen, J.; Civerolo, E.] USDA ARS, Parlier, CA USA. [Viveros, M.] UCCE, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Freeman, M.] UCCE, Fresno, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500241 ER PT J AU Grube, RC AF Grube, R. C. TI Evaluating the potential utility of partial resistance to Bremia lactucae from the lettuce cultivars 'Grand Rapids' and 'Iceberg' SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grube, R. C.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RI Sideman, Rebecca/D-3549-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500242 ER PT J AU Grunwald, N AF Grunwald, N. TI Effect of cover crop decomposition on soil microbial and plant pathogen dynamics SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grunwald, N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S126 EP S126 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501230 ER PT J AU Guaragna, MA Ambrose, J Jordan, RL AF Guaragna, M. A. Ambrose, J. Jordan, R. L. TI Detection and characterization of Euphorbia ringspot potyvirus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guaragna, M. A.; Ambrose, J.; Jordan, R. L.] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S36 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500243 ER PT J AU Guerra-Moreno, AS Manjunath, KL Brlansky, RH Howd, D Lee, RF AF Guerra-Moreno, A. S. Manjunath, K. L. Brlansky, R. H. Howd, D. Lee, R. F. TI Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Citrus leprosis virus indicates possible association of two distinct viruses SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guerra-Moreno, A. S.; Manjunath, K. L.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Brlansky, R. H.; Howd, D.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Lee, R. F.] USDA ARS, NCGRCD, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500244 ER PT J AU Hammond, J Reinsel, MD Maroon-Lango, CJ AF Hammond, J. Reinsel, M. D. Maroon-Lango, C. J. TI Identification of potexvirus isolates from phlox and portulaca as strains of Alternanthera mosaic virus, and comparison of the genomic 3 ' region SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hammond, J.; Reinsel, M. D.; Maroon-Lango, C. J.] USDA ARS, USNA, FNPRU, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S38 EP S38 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500252 ER PT J AU Hanna, JW Klopfenstein, NB Kim, MS McDonald, GI Moore, JA AF Hanna, J. W. Klopfenstein, N. B. Kim, M. -S. McDonald, G. I. Moore, J. A. TI Phylogeography of Armillaria ostoyae in the western United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hanna, J. W.; Klopfenstein, N. B.; Kim, M. -S.; McDonald, G. I.] USDA Forest Serv RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. [Hanna, J. W.; Moore, J. A.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S38 EP S38 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500256 ER PT J AU Haudenshield, JS Domier, LL AF Haudenshield, J. S. Domier, L. L. TI Cellular distribution of RNA of seed-transmitted viruses in soybean embryos SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Haudenshield, J. S.; Domier, L. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S40 EP S40 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500266 ER PT J AU Hilf, ME AF Hilf, M. E. TI Citrus tristeza virus: Evolution in a host-limited pathosystem SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hilf, M. E.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S131 EP S131 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501263 ER PT J AU Hogenhout, SA Redinbaugh, MG Ammar, ED AF Hogenhout, S. A. Redinbaugh, M. G. Ammar, E. D. TI Rhabdovirus host range: A bug's view SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ammar, E. D.] Ohio State Univ, Mol & Cellular Imaging Ctr, Wooster, OH USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH USA. [Hogenhout, S. A.; Ammar, E. D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S134 EP S134 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501283 ER PT J AU Howell, CR AF Howell, C. R. TI Understanding the mechanisms employed by Trichoderma virens to effect biological control SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Howell, C. R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S138 EP S139 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501310 ER PT J AU Huang, Q AF Huang, Q. TI Natural occurrence of Xylella fastidiosa in a commercial nursery in Maryland SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Huang, Q.] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursey Plants Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500286 ER PT J AU Hughes, G Madden, LV Gottwald, TR AF Hughes, G. Madden, L. V. Gottwald, T. R. TI Strategies of sampling for detection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hughes, G.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Madden, L. V.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] US Hort Res Lab, USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S137 EP S137 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501301 ER PT J AU Hughes, TJ Vandemark, GJ AF Hughes, T. J. Vandemark, G. J. TI Interaction between Aphanomyces euteiches and Phytophthora medicaginis in resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars evaluated using real-time PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hughes, T. J.; Vandemark, G. J.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500289 ER PT J AU Ignatov, AN Matveeva, EV Pekhtereva, ES Schaad, NW AF Ignatov, A. N. Matveeva, E. V. Pekhtereva, E. Sh. Schaad, N. W. TI Genetic diversity among Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis and subsp sepedonicus in Russian Federation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ignatov, A. N.; Matveeva, E. V.; Pekhtereva, E. Sh.] Russian Res Inst Phytopath, Moscow, Russia. [Ignatov, A. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Bioengn, Moscow, Russia. [Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, FD WSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Ignatov, Alexander/L-3438-2013 OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0003-2948-753X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S43 EP S43 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500292 ER PT J AU Isard, SA Magarey, RD Russo, JM AF Isard, S. A. Magarey, R. D. Russo, J. M. TI An aerobiological and epidemiological risk assessment for the aerial incursion of soybean rust into the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Isard, S. A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Magarey, R. D.] USDA APHIS, Raleigh, NC USA. [Russo, J. M.] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500296 ER PT J AU Jaime-Garcia, R Cotty, PJ AF Jaime-Garcia, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Spatial patterns of Aspergillus flavus strain S in soils of south Texas SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jaime-Garcia, R.; Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S45 EP S45 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500305 ER PT J AU James, RL Stone, JK AF James, R. L. Stone, J. K. TI Field trials to evaluate alternatives to pre-plant soil fumigation in Idaho forest nurseries SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [James, R. L.] USDA For Serv, Coeur Dalene, ID 83814 USA. [Stone, J. K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S152 EP S152 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501396 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Peterson, DL Yoder, KS Miller, SS AF Janisiewicz, W. J. Peterson, D. L. Yoder, K. S. Miller, S. S. TI Control of blue mold of apple with Metschnikowia pulcherrima and sodium bicarbonate using a small scale bin drencher SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Janisiewicz, W. J.; Peterson, D. L.; Miller, S. S.] USDA ARS, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Yoder, K. S.] VPI&SU, Winchester, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S45 EP S46 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500307 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Bassett, CL Wisniewski, ME Conway, WS Roberts, DP AF Janisiewicz, W. J. Bassett, C. L. Wisniewski, M. E. Conway, W. S. Roberts, D. P. TI Use of a luxgfp bioreporter system to determine metabolic activity of an antagonist in fruit wounds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Janisiewicz, W. J.; Bassett, C. L.; Wisniewski, M. E.] USDA ARS, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Conway, W. S.] USDA ARS, PQSL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Roberts, D. P.] USDA ARS, SASL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500308 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Singh, P Winston, EM Wamishe, Y Correll, J Valent, B AF Jia, Y. Singh, P. Winston, E. M. Wamishe, Y. Correll, J. Valent, B. TI Molecular evolution of rice Pi-ta gene and fungal Magnaporthe grisea AVR-Pita gene SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jia, Y.; Winston, E. M.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Singh, P.; Wamishe, Y.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Correll, J.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Valent, B.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500314 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Rutger, JN Wang, Z Singh, P Martin, R Pinson, SRM AF Jia, Y. Rutger, J. N. Wang, Z. Singh, P. Martin, R. Pinson, S. R. M. TI Development and characterization of rice mutant populations for functional genomics of host-parasite interactions SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jia, Y.; Rutger, J. N.] USDA ARS, DB Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Wang, Z.] Zhejiang Wanli Univ, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Singh, P.; Martin, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pinson, S. R. M.] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500315 ER PT J AU Jimenez-Hidalgo, I Grunwald, NJ Kohn, LM Chen, W AF Jimenez-Hidalgo, I. Grunwald, N. J. Kohn, L. M. Chen, W. TI Population structure of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in a pea field in the Pacific Northwest SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jimenez-Hidalgo, I.; Grunwald, N. J.] Washington State Univ, Prosser, WA USA. [Jimenez-Hidalgo, I.; Grunwald, N. J.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Kohn, L. M.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500316 ER PT J AU Jurjevic, Z Tertuliano, M Rains, GC Wilson, DM Holbrook, CC Lewis, WJ AF Jurjevic, Z. Tertuliano, M. Rains, G. C. Wilson, D. M. Holbrook, C. C. Lewis, W. J. TI A comparision of volatile metabolites produced by anatoxin-tolerant and aflatoxin-susceptible peanut plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jurjevic, Z.; Tertuliano, M.; Rains, G. C.; Wilson, D. M.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. [Holbrook, C. C.; Lewis, W. J.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500324 ER PT J AU Jurjevic, Z Wilson, DM Wilson, JP Coulibaly, M AF Jurjevic, Z. Wilson, D. M. Wilson, J. P. Coulibaly, M. TI Fungi and mycotoxins associated with pearl millet from 1996 to 2002 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jurjevic, Z.; Wilson, D. M.; Coulibaly, M.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. [Wilson, J. P.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500323 ER PT J AU Kabbage, M Zeller, KA Hulbert, SH Bockus, WW AF Kabbage, M. Zeller, K. A. Hulbert, S. H. Bockus, W. W. TI Genetic diversity of Mycosphaerella graminicola, the Septoria tritici blotch pathogen of wheat in Kansas SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kabbage, M.; Hulbert, S. H.; Bockus, W. W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zeller, K. A.] USDA, APHIS, Laurel, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500325 ER PT J AU Kamenova, I Rosskopf, EN Lewandowski, DJ Adkins, S AF Kamenova, I. Rosskopf, E. N. Lewandowski, D. J. Adkins, S. TI Characterization of a tobamovirus from tropical soda apple SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kamenova, I.; Rosskopf, E. N.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Lewandowski, D. J.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S48 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500326 ER PT J AU Kamenova, I Lewandowski, DJ AF Kamenova, I. Lewandowski, D. J. TI Characterization of a new tobamovirus species from hibiscus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kamenova, I.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Lewandowski, D. J.] Univ Florida, CREC, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500014 ER PT J AU Keith, LM Zee, FT AF Keith, L. M. Zee, F. T. TI Hawaiian grown guava as a model for studying plant disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keith, L. M.; Zee, F. T.] USDA ARS, PBARC, Hilo, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500336 ER PT J AU Keith, RC Keith, LM Hernandez-Guzman, G Uppalapati, SR Bender, CL AF Keith, R. C. Keith, L. M. Hernandez-Guzman, G. Uppalapati, S. R. Bender, C. L. TI Alginate gene expression by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in planta SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keith, R. C.; Keith, L. M.] USDA ARS, PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hernandez-Guzman, G.; Uppalapati, S. R.; Bender, C. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S152 EP S153 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501400 ER PT J AU Khan, NI Tisserat, B AF Khan, N. I. Tisserat, B. TI Induced resistance against Fusarium head blight of wheat by autoclaved fungal biomass SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Khan, N. I.] Biotechnol Res & Dev Corp, Peoria, IL USA. [Tisserat, B.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S51 EP S51 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500344 ER PT J AU Kilaru, A Bailey, B Hasenstein, KH AF Kilaru, A. Bailey, B. Hasenstein, K. H. TI Weapons of mass destruction - genetic warfare between Theobroma and Crinipellis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kilaru, A.; Hasenstein, K. H.] UL Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA USA. [Bailey, B.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Hasenstein, Karl/B-2759-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S51 EP S52 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500348 ER PT J AU Kim, KR Seem, RC Zack, J Magarey, RD AF Kim, K. R. Seem, R. C. Zack, J. Magarey, R. D. TI Forecasting plant disease from local-scale, high-resolution weather data SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, K. R.; Seem, R. C.] Cornell Univ, Geneva, NY USA. [Zack, J.] MESO Inc, Troy, NY USA. [Magarey, R. D.] USDA, APHIS, CPHST, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S53 EP S53 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500357 ER PT J AU Kistler, HC Trail, F Birren, B Ma, L Galagan, J Gale, LR O'Donnell, K Seong, K Xu, JR AF Kistler, H. C. Trail, F. Birren, B. Ma, L. Galagan, J. Gale, L. R. O'Donnell, K. Seong, K. Xu, J. -R. TI Genomics of the wheat and barley pathogen, Fusarium graminearum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kistler, H. C.; Gale, L. R.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [Trail, F.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Birren, B.; Ma, L.; Galagan, J.] MIT, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [O'Donnell, K.] USDA ARS, Microbial Genom Res Unit, Peoria, IL USA. [Seong, K.; Xu, J. -R.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S122 EP S122 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501204 ER PT J AU Kraus, J Pinkerton, JN Martin, RR AF Kraus, J. Pinkerton, J. N. Martin, R. R. TI Detection of three plant viruses in nematode vectors by RT/PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kraus, J.; Pinkerton, J. N.; Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500371 ER PT J AU Kuykendall, LD AF Kuykendall, L. D. TI Derivatives of the Erwinia betavasculorum type strain CFBP 2122 that differ by an order of magnitude in relative root necrosis-inducing ability SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kuykendall, L. D.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S55 EP S56 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500375 ER PT J AU Lacava, PT Li, WB Araujo, WL Azevedo, JL Hartung, JS AF Lacava, P. T. Li, W. -B. Araujo, W. L. Azevedo, J. L. Hartung, J. S. TI PCR assay for Methylobacterium mesophilicum in sweet orange trees infected with Xylella fastidiosa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lacava, P. T.; Araujo, W. L.; Azevedo, J. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, Piricicaba, SP, Brazil. [Lacava, P. T.; Li, W. -B.; Hartung, J. S.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Azevedo, Joao/F-4215-2012; Azevedo, Joao/F-3548-2015 OI Azevedo, Joao/0000-0001-5732-053X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S56 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500377 ER PT J AU Larkin, RP AF Larkin, R. P. TI Crop rotation and amendment effects on soil microbial communities and soilborne diseases SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Larkin, R. P.] USDA ARS, Orono, ME USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501227 ER PT J AU Larkin, RP AF Larkin, R. P. TI Influence of biocontrol agents and other biological amendments on soil microbial communities SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Larkin, R. P.] Univ Maine, USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S57 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500382 ER PT J AU Larsen, RC Miklas, PN AF Larsen, R. C. Miklas, P. N. TI Identification of a SCAR marker linked with resistance to Beet curly top virus in snap bean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Larsen, R. C.; Miklas, P. N.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S153 EP S153 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501401 ER PT J AU Larsen, RC Eastwell, KC AF Larsen, R. C. Eastwell, K. C. TI Identification of Clover yellow vein virus as the causal agent of pod necrosis ("chocolate pod") in snap bean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Larsen, R. C.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Eastwell, K. C.] Washington State Univ, IAREC, Prosser, WA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500383 ER PT J AU Lartey, RT Caesar-TonThat, TC Caesar, AJ Shelver, WL Sol, NI AF Lartey, R. T. Caesar-TonThat, T. C. Caesar, A. J. Shelver, W. L. Sol, N. I. TI Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius): A potential alternate host of Cercospora beticola SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lartey, R. T.; Caesar-TonThat, T. C.; Caesar, A. J.; Sol, N. I.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. [Shelver, W. L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500384 ER PT J AU Leahy, KP Greene, DW Autio, WR Norelli, JL Leskey, TC AF Leahy, K. P. Greene, D. W. Autio, W. R. Norelli, J. L. Leskey, T. C. TI Integrated control of potato leafhopper (Homoptera : Empoasca fabae) on apple (Malus domestica): Implications for fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) management SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Leahy, K. P.; Greene, D. W.; Autio, W. R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Norelli, J. L.; Leskey, T. C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S142 EP S142 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501335 ER PT J AU Lee, IM Bottner, KD Munyaneza, JE Campbell, WL Secor, GA Gudmestad, NC AF Lee, I. -M. Bottner, K. D. Munyaneza, J. E. Campbell, W. L. Secor, G. A. Gudmestad, N. C. TI Closely related but distinct phytoplasmas associated with potato purple top and potato witches'-broom diseases in the US SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lee, I. -M.; Bottner, K. D.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Beltsville, MD USA. [Munyaneza, J. E.] USDA ARS, YARL, Wapato, WA USA. [Campbell, W. L.] Dept Nat Resources, Palmer, AK USA. [Secor, G. A.; Gudmestad, N. C.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500392 ER PT J AU Lee, J Jurgenson, JE Leslie, JF Bowden, RL AF Lee, J. Jurgenson, J. E. Leslie, J. F. Bowden, R. L. TI The alignment between physical and genetic maps of Gibberella zeae. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jurgenson, J. E.] Univ No Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 USA. [Bowden, R. L.] USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. [Lee, J.; Leslie, J. F.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013 OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500393 ER PT J AU Lee, L Kaplan, I Ripoll, D Liang, D Palukaitis, P Gray, S AF Lee, L. Kaplan, I. Ripoll, D. Liang, D. Palukaitis, P. Gray, S. TI A surface loop of the potato leafroll virus coat protein is involved in virion stability and aphid transmission SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lee, L.; Kaplan, I.; Liang, D.; Gray, S.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ripoll, D.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Theory, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500389 ER PT J AU Leininger, TD Schiff, NM Corbin, KC AF Leininger, T. D. Schiff, N. M. Corbin, K. C. TI The glassy-winged sharpshooter transmits Xylella fastidiosa between sycamore trees SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Leininger, T. D.; Schiff, N. M.; Corbin, K. C.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Stoneville, MS USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500398 ER PT J AU Lemay, AV Sutker, EM AF Lemay, A. V. Sutker, E. M. TI An overview of risk ratings that examined exotic plant pathogens in pest risk analyses SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lemay, A. V.; Sutker, E. M.] USDA, APHIS PPQ CPHST PERAL, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500400 ER PT J AU Levy, L Kaplan, D Berger, P Brown, L AF Levy, L. Kaplan, D. Berger, P. Brown, L. TI Idealism versus reality: When laboratory throughput affects the sampling scheme SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Levy, L.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kaplan, D.; Berger, P.; Brown, L.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S138 EP S138 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501306 ER PT J AU Li, R Mock, RG AF Li, R. Mock, R. G. TI An improved RT-PCR assay for the detection of two cherry foveaviruses in Prunus spp. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, R.; Mock, R. G.] USDA ARS, Fruit Lab, Plant Germplasm Quarantine Off, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500404 ER PT J AU Li, S Hernandez, AG Liu, L Hartman, GL Domier, LL Schweitzer, PA AF Li, S. Hernandez, A. G. Liu, L. Hartman, G. L. Domier, L. L. Schweitzer, P. A. TI Analysis of expressed sequence tags of Fusarium solani f. sp glycines during infection of soybean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, S.; Hartman, G. L.; Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hernandez, A. G.; Liu, L.; Schweitzer, P. A.] Univ Illinois, WM Keck Ctr, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Hartman, G. L.; Domier, L. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S159 EP S159 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501449 ER PT J AU Li, S Hartman, GL Niblack, T Phillips, D AF Li, S. Hartman, G. L. Niblack, T. Phillips, D. TI A national soybean pathogen conservation system: The National Soybean Pathogen Collection Center SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, S.; Hartman, G. L.; Niblack, T.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Pathogen Collect Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Phillips, D.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500405 ER PT J AU Li, S Zeng, X Ge, Y Hartman, GL AF Li, S. Zeng, X. Ge, Y. Hartman, G. L. TI Real-time quantitative PCR detection and quantification of Fusarium solani f. sp glycines in soybean roots and soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, S.; Zeng, X.; Ge, Y.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Natl Soybean Pathogen Collect Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500406 ER PT J AU Li, W Hartung, JS AF Li, W. Hartung, J. S. TI Green fluorescent protein-labeled strains of Xylella fastidiosa colonize citrus, grapevines and periwinkle SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, W.; Hartung, J. S.] USDA ARS, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500407 ER PT J AU Lim, HS Ko, TS Domier, LL Kim, HG Hartman, GL AF Lim, H. S. Ko, T. S. Domier, L. L. Kim, H. G. Hartman, G. L. TI Expression of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) HC-Pro in transgenic soybean plants enhances SMV symptoms SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lim, H. S.; Domier, L. L.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ko, T. S.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Domier, L. L.; Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. [Kim, H. G.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Taejon, South Korea. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500412 ER PT J AU Lin, H Francis, M Barros, S Hu, R Civerolo, EL Walker, AM AF Lin, H. Francis, M. Barros, S. Hu, R. Civerolo, E. L. Walker, A. M. TI Genotyping and assessing genetic diversity in the PD strains of Xylella fastidiosa by simple sequence repeat (SSR) DNA markers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lin, H.; Civerolo, E. L.] USDA ARS, Parilier, CA 93648 USA. [Francis, M.; Barros, S.; Hu, R.; Walker, A. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500414 ER PT J AU Linderman, RG AF Linderman, R. G. TI Role and use of arbuscular mycorrhizae in root disease management SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Linderman, R. G.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S126 EP S126 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501231 ER PT J AU Liu, HY Sears, JL Lewellen, RT AF Liu, H. -Y. Sears, J. L. Lewellen, R. T. TI Emergence of resistance-breaking isolates of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in the Imperial Valley, California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liu, H. -Y.; Sears, J. L.; Lewellen, R. T.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500418 ER PT J AU Locke, JC Pitchay, D Frantz, JM AF Locke, J. C. Pitchay, D. Frantz, J. M. TI Effect of nitrogen, potassium and silicon on disease susceptibility of various herbaceous ornamental crop species SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Locke, J. C.; Frantz, J. M.] USDA ARS, ATRU, Greenhouse Prod Res Grp, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Pitchay, D.] Univ Toledo, Plant Sci Res Ctr, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500422 ER PT J AU Logiudice, N Robinson, TL Fazio, G Aldwinckle, HS AF Logiudice, N. Robinson, T. L. Fazio, G. Aldwinckle, H. S. TI Resistance of B.9 apple rootstock to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Logiudice, N.; Aldwinckle, H. S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Robinson, T. L.; Fazio, G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Fazio, G.] USDA ARS, PGRU, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S63 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500423 ER PT J AU Lundquist, JE AF Lundquist, J. E. TI Observations on why usable disease research goes unused by field level forest managers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA Forest Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500430 ER PT J AU Luo, M Guo, BZ AF Luo, M. Guo, B. Z. TI Peanut functional genomics: Gene identification and marker development through EST-microarray analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guo, B. Z.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Luo, M.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500431 ER PT J AU Luster, DG AF Luster, D. G. TI Skills for a USDA career in research and regulatory plant pathology SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Luster, D. G.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S141 EP S141 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501329 ER PT J AU Luster, DG McMahon, MB Choi, JJ Carter, ML Nunez, A Frederick, RD AF Luster, D. G. McMahon, M. B. Choi, J. J. Carter, M. L. Nunez, A. Frederick, R. D. TI Identification of proteins expressed during resistant and susceptible soybean rust interactions SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Luster, D. G.; McMahon, M. B.; Choi, J. J.; Carter, M. L.; Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Nunez, A.] USDA ARS, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500433 ER PT J AU Main, CE Keever, T Isard, SA Magarey, RD Redlin, SC Russo, JM AF Main, C. E. Keever, T. Isard, S. A. Magarey, R. D. Redlin, S. C. Russo, J. M. TI Comparison of two aerobiological approaches for predicting the aerial incursion of soybean rust into the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Main, C. E.; Keever, T.; Magarey, R. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Isard, S. A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Redlin, S. C.] USDA, APHIS, Raleigh, NC USA. [Russo, J. M.] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500438 ER PT J AU Martin, FN Tooley, P AF Martin, F. N. Tooley, P. TI The use of mitochondrial DNA for clarifying phylogenetic relationships and isolate identification with the genus Phytophthora SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, F. N.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Tooley, P.] USDA ARS, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500447 ER PT J AU Martin, FN AF Martin, F. N. TI Alternative fumigation strategies in California strawberry production and the use of remote sensing for evaluating their effect on crop production SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, F. N.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500446 ER PT J AU Martin, RR AF Martin, R. R. TI Looking for viruses in all the right places: New vectors and viruses in small fruit crops SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S137 EP S137 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501302 ER PT J AU Martin, RR AF Martin, R. R. TI What is on the horizon concerning new tools for detection of plant pathogens? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S130 EP S130 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501253 ER PT J AU Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE Sweeney, M Wegener, L AF Martin, R. R. Tzanetakis, I. E. Sweeney, M. Wegener, L. TI A virus associated with blueberry fruit drop disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR USA. [Tzanetakis, I. E.] OSU, Bot & Plant Path, Corvallis, OR USA. [Sweeney, M.] BCMAFF, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Wegener, L.] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S67 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500449 ER PT J AU Marvelli, RA Domier, LL Eastburn, DM AF Marvelli, R. A. Domier, L. L. Eastburn, D. M. TI Characterization of mycoviruses infecting Fusarium solani f. sp glycines SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Marvelli, R. A.; Eastburn, D. M.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Domier, L. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500452 ER PT J AU Matheron, ME McCreight, JD Tickes, BR Porchas, M AF Matheron, M. E. McCreight, J. D. Tickes, B. R. Porchas, M. TI Initial evaluation of the relative resistance of lettuce cultivars to Fusarium wilt SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Matheron, M. E.; Porchas, M.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. [McCreight, J. D.] USDA ARS, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Tickes, B. R.] Univ Arizona Cooperat Extens, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S153 EP S153 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501402 ER PT J AU Matveeva, EV Nikolaeva, EV Pekhtereva, ES Bobrova, VK Milyutina, IA Troitsky, AV Ignatov, N Schaad, NW AF Matveeva, E. V. Nikolaeva, E. V. Pekhtereva, E. Sh. Bobrova, V. K. Milyutina, I. A. Troitsky, A. V. Ignatov, N. Schaad, N. W. TI Genetic diversity among bacteria associated with brown rot of potato in Russian Federation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Matveeva, E. V.; Nikolaeva, E. V.; Pekhtereva, E. Sh.; Ignatov, N.] Russian Res Inst Phytopath, Moscow, Russia. [Bobrova, V. K.; Milyutina, I. A.; Troitsky, A. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Ignatov, N.] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Bioeng, Moscow, Russia. [Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, FD WSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Ignatov, Alexander/L-3438-2013 OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0003-2948-753X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500454 ER PT J AU Mavrodi, D Validov, S Mavrodi, O De La Fuente, L Boronin, A Weller, D Thomashow, L AF Mavrodi, D. Validov, S. Mavrodi, O. De La Fuente, L. Boronin, A. Weller, D. Thomashow, L. TI Bacteriocin activity among 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG)-producing fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mavrodi, D.; Mavrodi, O.; De La Fuente, L.; Weller, D.; Thomashow, L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Validov, S.; Boronin, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biochem & Physiol Microorganisms, Pushchino 142292, Russia. [Weller, D.; Thomashow, L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013; Validov, Shamil/D-2399-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500455 ER PT J AU Mavrodi, OV Mavrodi, DV Weller, DM Thomashow, LS AF Mavrodi, O. V. Mavrodi, D. V. Weller, D. M. Thomashow, L. S. TI Role of sss recombinase and dsbA in root colonization by Pseudomonas fluorescens Q8r1-96 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mavrodi, O. V.; Mavrodi, D. V.; Weller, D. M.; Thomashow, L. S.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Weller, D. M.; Thomashow, L. S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500456 ER PT J AU Mayton, H Simko, I Rauscher, G Esposito, B Fry, WE AF Mayton, H. Simko, I. Rauscher, G. Esposito, B. Fry, W. E. TI A major R-gene from Solanum berthaultii confers qualitative and quantitative resistance to late blight in potato tubers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mayton, H.; Rauscher, G.; Esposito, B.; Fry, W. E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Simko, I.] USDA ARS, PSI, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Simko, Ivan/J-6048-2012 OI Simko, Ivan/0000-0002-8769-8477 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S68 EP S68 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500458 ER PT J AU Mazzola, M Gu, YH Funnell, DL Cohen, MF Raaijmakers, JM AF Mazzola, M. Gu, Y. -H. Funnell, D. L. Cohen, M. F. Raaijmakers, J. M. TI Significance of host genotype in exploitation of resident disease suppressive soil microbial communities SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mazzola, M.; Gu, Y. -H.; Cohen, M. F.] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Funnell, D. L.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Raaijmakers, J. M.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6700 HB Wageningen, Netherlands. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501228 ER PT J AU Mcalpin, CE AF Mcalpin, C. E. TI Synnema and sclerotium production in Aspergillus caelatus and the influence of substrate composition on their development in selected strains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mcalpin, C. E.] ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S68 EP S68 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500461 ER PT J AU Mcdonald, GI AF Mcdonald, G. I. TI Implications from deep phylogeographical histories on pathosystem endemism SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mcdonald, G. I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S127 EP S127 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501238 ER PT J AU McDonald, TR Brown, DW Hammond, TM Keller, NP AF McDonald, T. R. Brown, D. W. Hammond, T. M. Keller, N. P. TI RNA interference in Fusarium graminearum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McDonald, T. R.; Hammond, T. M.; Keller, N. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Brown, D. W.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S68 EP S68 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500462 ER PT J AU McMahon, MB Choi, JJ Carter, ML Nunez, A Frederick, RD Luster, DG AF McMahon, M. B. Choi, J. J. Carter, M. L. Nunez, A. Frederick, R. D. Luster, D. G. TI Identification of proteins in Phakopsora pachyrhizi urediniospores using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McMahon, M. B.; Choi, J. J.; Carter, M. L.; Frederick, R. D.; Luster, D. G.] ARS FDWSRU, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Nunez, A.] ARS ERRC, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500468 ER PT J AU McWilliams, M Mair, J Laine, J Beeson, J Goheen, E Schroeter, R Hansen, E Sutton, W Osterbauer, N Rehms, L AF McWilliams, M. Mair, J. Laine, J. Beeson, J. Goheen, E. Schroeter, R. Hansen, E. Sutton, W. Osterbauer, N. Rehms, L. TI Monitoring Phytophthora ramorum in Oregon coastal forests SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McWilliams, M.; Mair, J.; Laine, J.; Beeson, J.] Oregon Dept Forestry, Salem, OR USA. [Goheen, E.; Schroeter, R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Central Point, OR USA. [Hansen, E.; Sutton, W.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Osterbauer, N.; Rehms, L.] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S48 EP S49 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500327 ER PT J AU Medrano, EG Jones, MA Bell, A AF Medrano, E. G. Jones, M. A. Bell, A. TI Association of Pantoea agglomerans with seed rot of South Carolina cotton SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Medrano, E. G.; Bell, A.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. [Jones, M. A.] Pee Dee Res & Educ Ctr, Florence, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S69 EP S70 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500471 ER PT J AU Miles, MR AF Miles, M. R. TI Introduction: Species concept in a commercial breeding program? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miles, M. R.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S124 EP S124 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501221 ER PT J AU Miller, WA Anderson, J Gray, SM Gai, X Beckett, R AF Miller, W. A. Anderson, J. Gray, S. M. Gai, X. Beckett, R. TI Global BYDV/CYDV sequencing project SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miller, W. A.; Gai, X.; Beckett, R.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Anderson, J.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gray, S. M.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Gai, Xiaowu/G-4065-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500479 ER PT J AU Montes, N Isakeit, T Prom, LK Odvody, G AF Montes, N. Isakeit, T. Prom, L. K. Odvody, G. TI Effects of storage time, temperature, and age of sphacelia on viability of Claviceps africana conidia SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Montes, N.; Isakeit, T.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Prom, L. K.] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Odvody, G.] TAES, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S146 EP S146 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501358 ER PT J AU Nagendran, S McGrath, JM AF Nagendran, S. McGrath, J. M. TI Seedling resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in sugar beet SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nagendran, S.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McGrath, J. M.] USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S74 EP S74 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500500 ER PT J AU Neale, DB Ersoz, ES Brown, GR Morse, A Davis, JM AF Neale, D. B. Ersoz, E. S. Brown, G. R. Morse, A. Davis, J. M. TI Genomic approaches to understanding quantitative inheritance of disease resistance in forest trees SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Neale, D. B.; Ersoz, E. S.; Brown, G. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Neale, D. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Morse, A.; Davis, J. M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S133 EP S133 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501272 ER PT J AU Nishijima, KA Chan, HT Nishijima, WT AF Nishijima, K. A. Chan, H. T., Jr. Nishijima, W. T. TI A new strain of Mucor isolated from guava fruit in Hawaii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nishijima, K. A.; Chan, H. T., Jr.] USDA ARS PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Nishijima, W. T.] Univ Hawaii, Cooperat Extens Serv, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S153 EP S154 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501407 ER PT J AU Norelli, JL Miller, SL AF Norelli, J. L. Miller, S. L. TI Controlling fire blight in young apple trees with prohexadione-calcium. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Norelli, J. L.; Miller, S. L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S76 EP S77 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500519 ER PT J AU Nyczepir, AP AF Nyczepir, A. P. TI Field evaluation of nonchemical alternatives for control of Mesocriconema xenoplax on peach. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nyczepir, A. P.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500522 ER PT J AU Oelke, LM Kolmer, JA AF Oelke, L. M. Kolmer, J. A. TI Identification of rust resistance genes in four spring wheats. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oelke, L. M.; Kolmer, J. A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500523 ER PT J AU Okubara, PA Paulitz, TC AF Okubara, P. A. Paulitz, T. C. TI Simultaneous identification and quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and R oryzae from root samples using real-time PCR. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Okubara, P. A.; Paulitz, T. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Roots Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500525 ER PT J AU Olanya, OM Larkin, RP Honeycutt, CW AF Olanya, O. M. Larkin, R. P. Honeycutt, C. W. TI Comparison of late blight suppression by natural products and the impact of genotype diversity on disease development and control SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Olanya, O. M.; Larkin, R. P.; Honeycutt, C. W.] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S78 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500526 ER PT J AU Ordonez, ME Szabo, LJ Groth, JV AF Ordonez, M. E. Szabo, L. J. Groth, J. V. TI Evolutionary relationship between sympatric microcyclic and macrocyclic forms of Tranzschelia spp. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ordonez, M. E.; Szabo, L. J.; Groth, J. V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Szabo, L. J.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S79 EP S79 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500535 ER PT J AU Ordonez, ME Kolmer, JA Groth, JV AF Ordonez, M. E. Kolmer, J. A. Groth, J. V. TI Virulence specificities of worldwide collections of Puccinia triticina from durum wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ordonez, M. E.; Kolmer, J. A.; Groth, J. V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kolmer, J. A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S79 EP S79 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500534 ER PT J AU Otrosina, WJ Sung, SS Kliejunas, JT Smith, S Cluck, DR AF Otrosina, W. J. Sung, S. S. Kliejunas, J. T. Smith, S. Cluck, D. R. TI Development of black-stain root disease on artificially inoculated ponderosa pine SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Otrosina, W. J.; Sung, S. S.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30677 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Susanville, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S79 EP S79 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500539 ER PT J AU Pahalawatta, V Chen, XM AF Pahalawatta, V. Chen, X. M. TI Inheritance of and molecular mapping of wheat and barley genes for resistance to inappropriate formae speciales of Puccinia striiformis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USDA ARS, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S80 EP S80 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500542 ER PT J AU Palencia, ER Glenn, AE AF Palencia, E. R. Glenn, A. E. TI FvABC1, a Fusarium verticillioides gene encoding an ATP-binding cassette protein, may be required for tolerance of phytoanticipins produced by corn (Zea mays) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Palencia, E. R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Glenn, A. E.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S80 EP S80 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500543 ER PT J AU Parker, PE Bock, CH Gottwald, TR AF Parker, P. E. Bock, C. H. Gottwald, T. R. TI Citrus canker symptom assessment using image analysis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Parker, P. E.] USDA APHIS, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Bock, C. H.; Gottwald, T. R.] USDA ARS USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500551 ER PT J AU Pastor-Corrales, MA Steadman, JR Aime, MC AF Pastor-Corrales, M. A. Steadman, J. R. Aime, M. C. TI Host gene-pool specialization and species concepts in Uromyces appendiculatus and other pathogens of common bean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pastor-Corrales, M. A.; Aime, M. C.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Steadman, J. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S124 EP S124 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501222 ER PT J AU Pastor-Corrales, MA Aime, MC AF Pastor-Corrales, M. A. Aime, M. C. TI Differential cultivars and molecular markers segregate isolates of Uromyces appendiculatus into two distinct groups that correspond to the gene pools of their common bean hosts SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pastor-Corrales, M. A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Aime, M. C.] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500555 ER PT J AU Paulitz, TC Schroeder, KL AF Paulitz, T. C. Schroeder, K. L. TI A method for the quantification of Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizoctonia oryzae from soil using toothpicks SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Paulitz, T. C.; Schroeder, K. L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500559 ER PT J AU Pepper, AF Martin, KJ Bull, CT AF Pepper, A. F. Martin, K. J. Bull, C. T. TI Primers specific for detection of Myxococcus spp. by polymerase chain reaction SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pepper, A. F.; Bull, C. T.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Martin, K. J.] Univ W Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S83 EP S83 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500562 ER PT J AU Pfender, W Upper, D Lipp, C AF Pfender, W. Upper, D. Lipp, C. TI A model for fungicide effects on within-plant spread of stem rust in ryegrass grown for seed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pfender, W.] USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Upper, D.; Lipp, C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500570 ER PT J AU Phibbs, A Barta, A Domier, LL AF Phibbs, A. Barta, A. Domier, L. L. TI First report of Soybean dwarf virus on soybean in Wisconsin SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Phibbs, A.; Barta, A.] Wisconsin Dept Agr Trade & Consumer Protect, Madison, WI 53707 USA. [Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S84 EP S84 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500571 ER PT J AU Ploetz, RC Schnell, RJ Haynes, JL AF Ploetz, R. C. Schnell, R. J. Haynes, J. L. TI Development of Phytophthora root rot-resistant avocado rootstocks SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ploetz, R. C.; Haynes, J. L.] Univ Florida, Homestead, FL USA. [Schnell, R. J.] USDA ARS, Miami, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500575 ER PT J AU Posada-Buitrago, ML Boore, JL Frederick, RD AF Posada-Buitrago, M. L. Boore, J. L. Frederick, R. D. TI Analysis of expressed sequence tags in the soybean rust pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi at different stages of the infection process SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Posada-Buitrago, M. L.; Boore, J. L.] DOE JGI LBNL, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010; POSADA, MARTHA/G-7927-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500580 ER PT J AU Pratt, RG AF Pratt, R. G. TI Comparative survival of conidia of eight species of dematiaceous hyphomycetes in soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pratt, R. G.] USDA ARS, WM&FRU, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500583 ER PT J AU Proctor, RH Brown, DW Butchko, RAE Plattner, RD Kendra, D AF Proctor, R. H. Brown, D. W. Butchko, R. A. E. Plattner, R. D. Kendra, D. TI Genomics approach for solving a mycotoxin problem in maize SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Proctor, R. H.; Brown, D. W.; Butchko, R. A. E.; Plattner, R. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kendra, D.] TIGR, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501194 ER PT J AU Pusey, PL AF Pusey, P. L. TI Biochemical analyses of pomaceous stigma exudates and relevance to biological control of fire blight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pusey, P. L.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500586 ER PT J AU Rayamajhi, MB Van, TK Pratt, PD Center, TD AF Rayamajhi, M. B. Van, T. K. Pratt, P. D. Center, T. D. TI Interactions between Puccinia psidii and Oxyops vitiosa: The biological control agents of Melaleuca quinquenervia in Florida SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rayamajhi, M. B.; Van, T. K.; Pratt, P. D.; Center, T. D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S87 EP S87 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500590 ER PT J AU Riley, IT Swart, A Postnikova, E Agarkova, I Vidaver, AK Schaad, NW AF Riley, I. T. Swart, A. Postnikova, E. Agarkova, I. Vidaver, A. K. Schaad, N. W. TI New association of a toxigenic Rathayibacter sp and Anguina woodi in Ehrharta villosa var. villosa in South Africa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Riley, I. T.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Postnikova, E.; Agarkova, I.; Vidaver, A. K.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500597 ER PT J AU Riley, RT Voss, KA AF Riley, R. T. Voss, K. A. TI The fumonisin risk assessment and emerging issues SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Riley, R. T.; Voss, K. A.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501192 ER PT J AU Rippy, RC Klopfenstein, NB Kim, MS Page-Dumroese, DS Carris, LM Rogers, JD Jurgensen, MF AF Rippy, R. C. Klopfenstein, N. B. Kim, M. -S. Page-Dumroese, D. S. Carris, L. M. Rogers, J. D. Jurgensen, M. F. TI Fungi associated with wood decomposition in forest soils of the northwestern USA SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rippy, R. C.; Klopfenstein, N. B.; Kim, M. -S.; Page-Dumroese, D. S.] USDA, Forest Serv, RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. [Rippy, R. C.; Carris, L. M.; Rogers, J. D.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jurgensen, M. F.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500598 ER PT J AU Roberts, DP Buyer, JS Baker, CJ AF Roberts, D. P. Buyer, J. S. Baker, C. J. TI Metabolic activity of Enterobacter cloacae in cucumber and pea spermosphere SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Roberts, D. P.; Buyer, J. S.] USDA ARS, SASL, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Baker, C. J.] USDA ARS, MPPL, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500599 ER PT J AU Robertson, NL French, R AF Robertson, N. L. French, R. TI Phylogenetic analysis of Alaskan isolates of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Robertson, N. L.] USDA ARS, Palmer, AK USA. [French, R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993500600 ER PT J AU Rolshausen, PE Trouillas, F Mahoney, N Molyneux, R Gubler, WD AF Rolshausen, P. E. Trouillas, F. Mahoney, N. Molyneux, R. Gubler, W. D. TI Systematics of the causal agent of Eutypa dieback of grapevine in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rolshausen, P. E.; Trouillas, F.; Gubler, W. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mahoney, N.; Molyneux, R.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S154 EP S154 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501411 ER PT J AU Sabanadzovic, S Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic, N Rowhani, A Uyemoto, JK AF Sabanadzovic, S. Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic, N. Rowhani, A. Uyemoto, J. K. TI New data on cherry viruses in Northern California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S91 EP S91 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501001 ER PT J AU Sams, CE Zivanovic, S Conway, WS Charron, CS Wu, T Blodgett, A AF Sams, C. E. Zivanovic, S. Conway, W. S. Charron, C. S. Wu, T. Blodgett, A. TI Fungal chitosan extracts are as effective in reducing decay caused by Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, and Penicillium solitum as commercial seashell chitosan extract SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sams, C. E.; Charron, C. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zivanovic, S.; Wu, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Conway, W. S.; Blodgett, A.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Barickman, Thomas/I-6993-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S91 EP S91 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501003 ER PT J AU Samuels, GJ AF Samuels, G. J. TI Changes in taxonomy, occurrence of the sexual stage and ecology of Trichoderma spp. SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Samuels, G. J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S138 EP S138 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501308 ER PT J AU Saude, C Melouk, HA Chenault, KD AF Saude, C. Melouk, H. A. Chenault, K. D. TI Genetic variability and mycelial compatibility groups of Sclerotium rolfsii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Saude, C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Melouk, H. A.; Chenault, K. D.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S92 EP S92 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501012 ER PT J AU Schisler, DA Khan, NI Boehm, MJ Zhang, S Slininger, PJ AF Schisler, D. A. Khan, N. I. Boehm, M. J. Zhang, S. Slininger, P. J. TI Selection and field evaluation of choline-utilizing microbial strains as potential biocontrol agents of Fusarium head blight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schisler, D. A.; Zhang, S.; Slininger, P. J.] USDA ARS, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. [Khan, N. I.] BRDC, Peoria, IL USA. [Boehm, M. J.; Zhang, S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S93 EP S93 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501017 ER PT J AU Schneider, WL Stone, AL Sherman, DJ Damsteegt, VD AF Schneider, W. L. Stone, A. L. Sherman, D. J. Damsteegt, V. D. TI Detection and quantification of Plum pox virus double-stranded RNA with real-time PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schneider, W. L.; Stone, A. L.; Sherman, D. J.; Damsteegt, V. D.] FDWSR, NAA, ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S93 EP S93 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501021 ER PT J AU Scroeder, KL Paulitz, TC AF Scroeder, K. L. Paulitz, T. C. TI Real-time PCR identification of Pythium spp. from cereals in eastern Washington SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S94 EP S94 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501023 ER PT J AU Shishkoff, N Tooley, P AF Shishkoff, N. Tooley, P. TI Persistence of Phytophthora ramorum in nursery plants and soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shishkoff, N.; Tooley, P.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Wees Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S95 EP S95 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501035 ER PT J AU Singh, P Wamishe, Y Eizenga, GC Lee, FN Jia, Y AF Singh, P. Wamishe, Y. Eizenga, G. C. Lee, F. N. Jia, Y. TI Development of molecular strategies to control rice sheath blight disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Singh, P.; Wamishe, Y.; Lee, F. N.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Eizenga, G. C.; Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S96 EP S96 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501040 ER PT J AU Slininger, PJ Schisler, DA Kleinkopf, G AF Slininger, P. J. Schisler, D. A. Kleinkopf, G. TI Biological control of postharvest late blight of potatoes in storage SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Slininger, P. J.; Schisler, D. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Kleinkopf, G.] Univ Idaho, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S96 EP S96 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501041 ER PT J AU Smith, BJ Constantin, RJ Quebedeaux, JP Wedge, DE AF Smith, B. J. Constantin, R. J. Quebedeaux, J. P. Wedge, D. E. TI Fungicide management of fruit diseases of strawberry in Louisiana and Mississippi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, B. J.] USDA ARS, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Constantin, R. J.; Quebedeaux, J. P.] Louisiana State Univ, Hammond Res Stn, Hammond, LA USA. [Wedge, D. E.] USDA ARS, University, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S169 EP S169 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501509 ER PT J AU Smith, BJ AF Smith, B. J. TI Susceptibility of southern highbush blueberry cultivars to Botryosphaeria stem blight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, B. J.] USDA ARS, Small Fruit Res Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S147 EP S147 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501369 ER PT J AU Steinlage, TA Haudenshield, JS Domier, LL AF Steinlage, T. A. Haudenshield, J. S. Domier, L. L. TI Differential transmission of Soybean mosaic virus isolates through seed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Steinlage, T. A.; Haudenshield, J. S.; Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.; Domier, L. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S99 EP S99 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501057 ER PT J AU Stenger, DC French, R AF Stenger, D. C. French, R. TI Systematic replacement of Wheat streak mosaic virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stenger, D. C.; French, R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S99 EP S99 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501058 ER PT J AU Stewart, JE Kim, MS James, RL Dumroese, RK Klopfenstein, NB AF Stewart, J. E. Kim, M. -S. James, R. L. Dumroese, R. K. Klopfenstein, N. B. TI Molecular characterization of Fusarium oxysporum from tree nurseries: Tools for early detection of pathogens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stewart, J. E.; Kim, M. -S.; Klopfenstein, N. B.] USDA, Forest Serv RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. [James, R. L.] USDA, Forest Serv RI, Coeur Dalene, ID USA. [Dumroese, R. K.] USDA, Forest Serv SRS, Moscow, ID USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S99 EP S99 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501061 ER PT J AU Szabo, LJ Anikster, Y Markova, J AF Szabo, L. J. Anikster, Y. Markova, J. TI Puccinia recondita, leaf rust of cereal and grasses: Who's who? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Szabo, L. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Anikster, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, Inst Cereal Crop Improvement, Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Markova, J.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501224 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Davis, RF Mueller, JD Fery, RL Langston, DB Miller, G AF Thies, J. A. Davis, R. F. Mueller, J. D. Fery, R. L. Langston, D. B. Miller, G. TI Host resistance and metam sodium for managing root-knot nematodes in a pepper-cucumber rotation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thies, J. A.; Fery, R. L.] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC USA. [Davis, R. F.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Mueller, J. D.; Miller, G.] Clemson Univ, Blackville, SC USA. [Langston, D. B.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S102 EP S102 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501080 ER PT J AU Thomas, PE Richards, K AF Thomas, P. E. Richards, K. TI New weed hosts of potato viruses and their impact on potato virus epidemiology SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thomas, P. E.; Richards, K.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S154 EP S154 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501414 ER PT J AU Thomas, PE Kaniewski, WK AF Thomas, P. E. Kaniewski, W. K. TI Lack of virus strain specificity of replicase gene mediated resistance to potato leafroll virus in potato SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thomas, P. E.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Kaniewski, W. K.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63198 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S154 EP S155 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501415 ER PT J AU Tsai, CW Redinbaugh, MG Willie, K Reed, S Goodin, M Hogenhout, SA AF Tsai, C. W. Redinbaugh, M. G. Willie, K. Reed, S. Goodin, M. Hogenhout, S. A. TI Sequencing and functional analysis of the maize fine streak virus (MFSV) genome SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tsai, C. W.; Redinbaugh, M. G.; Reed, S.; Hogenhout, S. A.] Ohio State Univ, Wooster, OH USA. [Redinbaugh, M. G.; Willie, K.] USDA ARS, Wooster, OH USA. [Goodin, M.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S103 EP S103 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501089 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, I Bolda, M Martin, R AF Tzanetakis, I. Bolda, M. Martin, R. TI Identification of viruses in declining strawberries along the west coast of North America SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tzanetakis, I.; Martin, R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Path, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bolda, M.] UC Davis, Watsonville, CA 95076 USA. [Martin, R.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S104 EP S104 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501096 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, IE Martin, RR AF Tzanetakis, I. E. Martin, R. R. TI Complete nucleotide sequence, phylogenetic analysis and geographic distribution of Fragaria chiloensis latent virus, genus Ilarvirus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tzanetakis, I. E.; Martin, R. R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S104 EP S104 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501093 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, IE Keller, KE Martin, RR AF Tzanetakis, I. E. Keller, K. E. Martin, R. R. TI A simplified cDNA cloning method for recalcitrant double-stranded RNA viral templates using reverse transcriptase SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tzanetakis, I. E.; Martin, R. R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Keller, K. E.] USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S104 EP S104 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501095 ER PT J AU Tzanetakis, IE Postman, JD Martin, RR AF Tzanetakis, I. E. Postman, J. D. Martin, R. R. TI Identification, detection and phylogenetic analysis of new viruses infecting mint SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tzanetakis, I. E.; Martin, R. R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Postman, J. D.] USDA ARS, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S104 EP S104 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501094 ER PT J AU Ueng, PP Reszka, E Chung, KR AF Ueng, P. P. Reszka, E. Chung, K. R. TI Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) genes in Phaeosphaeria nodorum and P avenaria species SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ueng, P. P.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Reszka, E.] PBAI, Dept Plant Pathol, Radzikow, Poland. [Chung, K. R.] Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S105 EP S105 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501098 ER PT J AU Van Winkle, DH French, R Stenger, DC AF Van Winkle, D. H. French, R. Stenger, D. C. TI Quantifying symptom severity in wheat infected with Wheat streak mosaic virus using both visual and digital means of assessment SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Van Winkle, D. H.; French, R.; Stenger, D. C.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S106 EP S106 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501104 ER PT J AU Vancauwenberge, JE Schisler, DA Slininger, PJ AF Vancauwenberge, J. E. Schisler, D. A. Slininger, P. J. TI Utilization of the osmolyte melezitose and its effect on the growth and freeze-drying tolerance of Cryptococcus nodaensis OH 182.9 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vancauwenberge, J. E.; Schisler, D. A.; Slininger, P. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S106 EP S106 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501105 ER PT J AU Wach, M Johnson, EG Gibson, D Loria, R AF Wach, M. Johnson, E. G. Gibson, D. Loria, R. TI Nitric oxide's role in common scab of potato: Phytotoxin biosynthesis and what else? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, E. G.; Loria, R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gibson, D.] USDA ARS, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wach, M.] USDA, APHIS, Riverdale, MD USA. RI Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008 OI Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S106 EP S107 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501110 ER PT J AU Walkinshaw, CH AF Walkinshaw, C. H. TI Growth of loblolly pines measured 14 years after screening for fusiform rust resistance SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walkinshaw, C. H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S170 EP S170 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501519 ER PT J AU Walkinshaw, CH Hess, NJ Otrosina, WJ AF Walkinshaw, C. H. Hess, N. J. Otrosina, W. J. TI Necrosis of resin ducts in roots of loblolly pines in decline SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walkinshaw, C. H.; Hess, N. J.] US Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA. [Otrosina, W. J.] US Forest Serv, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S107 EP S107 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501112 ER PT J AU Walkinshaw, CH AF Walkinshaw, C. H. TI Anatomical responses of pine roots to starvation, fire, or pathogen infection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walkinshaw, C. H.] US Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S107 EP S107 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501113 ER PT J AU Wamishe, YA Jia, Y Singh, P Cartwright, RD AF Wamishe, Y. A. Jia, Y. Singh, P. Cartwright, R. D. TI Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani isolates from rice in Arkansas SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wamishe, Y. A.; Singh, P.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Cartwright, R. D.] Univ Arkansas, Cooperat Extens Serv, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S107 EP S107 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501114 ER PT J AU Wanner, LA AF Wanner, L. A. TI Streptomyces strain variation and differences in inoculum density contribute to the severity of potato common scab SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wanner, L. A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S108 EP S108 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501120 ER PT J AU Wayadande, AC Fletcher, J Bruton, B Pair, S Mitchell, F AF Wayadande, A. C. Fletcher, J. Bruton, B. Pair, S. Mitchell, F. TI Foregut morphology of Anasa tristis, the vector of the causal agent of cucurbit yellow vine disease, Serratia marcescens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wayadande, A. C.; Fletcher, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bruton, B.; Pair, S.] USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Mitchell, F.] Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S170 EP S170 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501520 ER PT J AU Wedge, DE Curry, KJ Abril, M Smith, BJ DeLucca, A AF Wedge, D. E. Curry, K. J. Abril, M. Smith, B. J. DeLucca, A. TI CAY-1, A potential natural fungicide for control of small fruit diseases SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wedge, D. E.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Curry, K. J.; Abril, M.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39404 USA. [Smith, B. J.] USDA ARS Small Fruit Res Sta, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [DeLucca, A.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S148 EP S148 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501371 ER PT J AU Weller, DM van Pelt, JA Mavrodi, DV Pieterse, CMJ Bakker, PAHM van Loon, LC AF Weller, D. M. van Pelt, J. A. Mavrodi, D. V. Pieterse, C. M. J. Bakker, P. A. H. M. van Loon, L. C. TI Induced systemic resistance (ISR) in Arabidopsis against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato by 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG)-producing Pseudomonas fluorescens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Weller, D. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mavrodi, D. V.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [van Pelt, J. A.; Pieterse, C. M. J.; Bakker, P. A. H. M.; van Loon, L. C.] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. RI Bakker, Peter/B-9355-2011; Utrecht Univ., PMI/G-9549-2011; Pieterse, Corne/A-9326-2011; Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013 OI Pieterse, Corne/0000-0002-5473-4646; NR 0 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S108 EP S109 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501124 ER PT J AU Wheeler, MH Tsai, HF AF Wheeler, M. H. Tsai, H. -F. TI Biochemistry and genetics of fungal melanin biosynthesis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wheeler, M. H.] USDA ARS SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. [Tsai, H. -F.] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S132 EP S132 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501266 ER PT J AU White, DG Kleinschmidt, CE Clements, MJ Pataky, JK AF White, D. G. Kleinschmidt, C. E. Clements, M. J. Pataky, J. K. TI Identification and potential use of genetic resistance to control fumonisin accumulation in corn grain SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [White, D. G.; Kleinschmidt, C. E.; Pataky, J. K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Clements, M. J.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S121 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501196 ER PT J AU Wilson, AD Schiff, NM Devall, MS Connor, KF Hamel, PB Gardiner, ES Leininger, TD AF Wilson, A. D. Schiff, N. M. Devall, M. S. Connor, K. F. Hamel, P. B. Gardiner, E. S. Leininger, T. D. TI Incidence and severity of Botryosphaeria stem canker and dieback of pondberry (Lindera melissifolia) in Mississippi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, A. D.; Schiff, N. M.; Devall, M. S.; Connor, K. F.; Hamel, P. B.; Gardiner, E. S.; Leininger, T. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S110 EP S110 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501138 ER PT J AU Wilson, AD Oberle, CS AF Wilson, A. D. Oberle, C. S. TI Identification and discrimination of pesticide residues using electronic aroma detection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilson, A. D.; Oberle, C. S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S110 EP S110 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501137 ER PT J AU Winston, EM Singh, P Jia, Y Correll, J AF Winston, E. M. Singh, P. Jia, Y. Correll, J. TI Molecular characterization of Magnaporthe grisea avirulence AVR-Pita SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Winston, E. M.; Jia, Y.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Singh, P.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Correll, J.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S111 EP S111 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501140 ER PT J AU Wintermantel, WM Wisler, GC Karasev, AV Liu, HY AF Wintermantel, W. M. Wisler, G. C. Karasev, A. V. Liu, H. -Y. TI Genome organization and sequence of Tomato chlorosis virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wintermantel, W. M.; Liu, H. -Y.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Wisler, G. C.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Karasev, A. V.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Doylestown, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S111 EP S111 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501142 ER PT J AU Wintermantel, WM AF Wintermantel, W. M. TI Sequence variability and host specificity among curtoviruses infecting weed and crop hosts in California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wintermantel, W. M.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S111 EP S111 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501141 ER PT J AU Yandoc, CB Albano, J Rosskopf, EN AF Yandoc, C. B. Albano, J. Rosskopf, E. N. TI Effect of biopesticides, microbial inoculants, and biorational products on Phytophthora nicotianae infection of periwinkle SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yandoc, C. B.; Albano, J.; Rosskopf, E. N.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S113 EP S113 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501153 ER PT J AU Yates, IE Sparks, D AF Yates, I. E. Sparks, D. TI Migration of Fusarium verticillioides in corn ears SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yates, I. E.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Sparks, D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S113 EP S113 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501157 ER PT J AU Yokomi, RK AF Yokomi, R. K. TI Transmissibility and genotype analysis of Central California isolates of Citrus tristeza closterovirus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yokomi, R. K.] ARS, USDA, EIDP, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S131 EP S131 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501262 ER PT J AU Zambino, PJ AF Zambino, P. J. TI Methods combining slow desiccation and slow freezing provide robust-80 degrees C storage for agar-grown cultures of diverse fungi SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zambino, P. J.] USDA, Forest Serv RMRS, Moscow, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S114 EP S114 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501160 ER PT J AU Zhang, S Schisler, DA Jackson, MA Boehm, MJ Slininger, PJ AF Zhang, S. Schisler, D. A. Jackson, M. A. Boehm, M. J. Slininger, P. J. TI Cold shock increases air-drying survival of Cryptococcus nodaensis OH 182.9 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhang, S.; Boehm, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Zhang, S.; Schisler, D. A.; Jackson, M. A.; Slininger, P. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S115 EP S115 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501168 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Liu, Q Jomantiene, R Hammond, RW Davis, RE AF Zhao, Y. Liu, Q. Jomantiene, R. Hammond, R. W. Davis, R. E. TI Reaching destinations: Secreted proteins and protein translocation pathways in Spiroplasma kunkelii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhao, Y.; Liu, Q.; Jomantiene, R.; Hammond, R. W.; Davis, R. E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S116 EP S116 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501173 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Davis, RE Lee, IM AF Zhao, Y. Davis, R. E. Lee, I. -M. TI Phylogenetic analysis based on multiple sets of concatenated proteins suggests earlier ancestors for phytoplasmas SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhao, Y.; Davis, R. E.; Lee, I. -M.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S116 EP S116 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501174 ER PT J AU Zitomer, NC Geiser, DM Archibald, DD Ward, TJ O'Donnell, K Jones, AD Jimenez-Gasco, MM Kuldau, GA AF Zitomer, N. C. Geiser, D. M. Archibald, D. D. Ward, T. J. O'Donnell, K. Jones, A. D. Jimenez-Gasco, M. M. Kuldau, G. A. TI HPLC-MS analysis of type-A trichothecene-producing Fusaria for correspondence between toxin profiles and molecular phylogenetic groups SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zitomer, N. C.; Geiser, D. M.; Jimenez-Gasco, M. M.; Kuldau, G. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Archibald, D. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ward, T. J.; O'Donnell, K.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jones, A. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/A-9701-2011; Jones, Arthur/C-2670-2013; Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 OI Jimenez-Gasco, Maria del Mar/0000-0001-7329-0211; Jones, Arthur/0000-0002-7408-6690; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S117 EP S117 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501182 ER PT J AU Zwart, DC Jeffers, SN Waldrop, TA AF Zwart, D. C. Jeffers, S. N. Waldrop, T. A. TI Incidence of Phytophthora spp. in a hardwood forest site in the southern Appalachian Mountains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zwart, D. C.; Jeffers, S. N.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Waldrop, T. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Clemson, SC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2004 VL 94 IS 6 SU S BP S118 EP S118 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44HJ UT WOS:000202993501184 ER PT J AU Dill, A Thomas, SG Hu, JH Steber, CM Sun, TP AF Dill, A Thomas, SG Hu, JH Steber, CM Sun, TP TI The Arabidopsis F-box protein SLEEPY1 targets gibberellin signaling repressors for gibberellin-induced degradation SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; INSENSITIVE MUTANT; SEED-GERMINATION; GENE; THALIANA; RGA; UBIQUITIN; GAI; ENCODES AB The nuclear DELLA proteins are highly conserved repressors of hormone gibberellin (GA) signaling in plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, GA derepresses its signaling pathway by inducing proteolysis of the DELLA protein REPRESSOR OF gra1-3 (RGA). SLEEPY1 (SLY1) encodes an F-box-containing protein, and the loss-of-function sly1 mutant has a GA-insensitive dwarf phenotype and accumulates a high level of RGA. These findings suggested that SLY1 recruits RGA to the SCF(SLY1) E3 ligase complex for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. In this report, we provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of how SLY1 interacts with the DELLA proteins for controlling GA response. By yeast two-hybrid and in vitro pull-down assays, we demonstrated that SLY1 interacts directly with RGA and GA INSENSITIVE (GAI, a closely related DELLA protein) via their C-terminal GRAS domain. The rga and gai null mutations additively suppressed the recessive sly1 mutant phenotype, further supporting the model that SCF(SLY1) targets both RGA and GAI for degradation. The N-terminal DELLA domain of RGA previously was shown to be essential for GA-induced degradation. However, we found that this DELLA domain is not required for protein-protein interaction with SLY1 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), suggesting that its role is in a GA-triggered conformational change of the DELLA proteins. We also identified a novel gain-of-function sly1-d mutation that increased GA signaling by reducing the levels of the DELLA protein in plants. This effect of sly1-d appears to be caused by an enhanced interaction between sly1-d and the DELLA proteins. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sun, TP (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM tps@duke.edu FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/C/00004162] NR 65 TC 288 Z9 327 U1 4 U2 45 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JUN PY 2004 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1392 EP 1405 DI 10.1105/tpc.020958 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 828PH UT WOS:000221984700006 PM 15155881 ER PT J AU Schrader, SM Wise, RR Wacholtz, WF Ort, DR Sharkey, TD AF Schrader, SM Wise, RR Wacholtz, WF Ort, DR Sharkey, TD TI Thylakoid membrane responses to moderately high leaf temperature in Pima cotton SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE adenosine 5 '-triphosphate; heat stress; NADP-malate dehydrogenase; photosynthesis; Rubisco activation ID RIBULOSEBISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE; HEAT-STRESS; RUBISCO ACTIVASE; RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; POTATO LEAVES; IN-VIVO; GLYOXYLATE INHIBITION; CARBON METABOLISM AB Photosynthesis is inhibited by high temperatures that plants are likely to experience under natural conditions. Both increased thylakoid membrane ionic conductance and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) deactivation have been suggested as the primary cause. The moderately heat-tolerant crop Pima S-6 cotton (Gossypium barbadense) was used to examine heat stress-induced inhibition of photosynthesis. Previous field-work indicated that moderate heat stress (T = 35-45 degreesC) is associated with very rapid leaf temperature changes. Therefore, a system was devised for rapidly heating intact, attached leaves to mimic natural field heat-stress conditions and monitored Rubisco activation, carbon-cycle metabolites, thylakoid ionic conductance, and photosystem I activity. As a proxy for NADPH and stromal redox status the activation state of NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH) was measured. In dark-adapted cotton leaves, heating caused an increase in thylakoid permeability at temperatures as low as 36 degreesC. The increased permeability did not cause a decline in adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) levels during steady-state or transient heating. Rapid heating caused a transient decline in ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate without a decrease in Rubisco activation. Sustained heating caused a decline in Rubisco activation and also oxidized the stroma as judged by NADP-MDH activation and this is hypothesized to result from increased cyclic photophosphorylation, explaining the maintenance of ATP content in the face of increased thylakoid membrane ion leakiness. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Sharkey, TD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM tsharkey@wisc.edu NR 57 TC 133 Z9 148 U1 2 U2 20 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 6 BP 725 EP 735 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01172.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 827BQ UT WOS:000221873700007 ER PT J AU Kamo, K Jones, B Castillon, J Bolar, J Smith, F AF Kamo, K Jones, B Castillon, J Bolar, J Smith, F TI Dispersal and size fractionation of embryogenic callus increases the frequency of embryo maturation and conversion in hybrid tea roses SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Rosa hybrida; regeneration; somatic embryogenesis ID SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; PLANT-REGENERATION; L MONEYWAY; CULTURES; GROWTH AB Plant regeneration from embryogenic cells of two Rosa hybrida cultivars, Kardinal and Classy, was increased by dispersing embryogenic callus in liquid medium for 3 h followed by size-fractionation to isolate proembryogenic masses that were smaller than 530 mum. Dispersed callus of three cultivars, Kardinal, Classy, and Tineke, produced 61-135 cotyledonary-stage embryos/100 mg fresh weight (FW) as compared to intact callus that had not been dispersed, which produced only zero to three cotyledonary-stage embryos/100 mg FW. Over 500 cotyledonary-stage embryos/100 mg FW callus developed from proembryogenic masses of Kardinal, Classy, and Tineke following 2 months of culture on solidified Murashige and Skoog's basal salts medium supplemented with 0.25% activated charcoal. Cotyledonary-stage embryos of Classy that developed from both dispersed callus and fractionated cells of various sizes showed a significantly higher conversion frequency to plants (28%) than cotyledonary-stage embryos isolated from intact callus (9%). The highest conversion frequencies for Kardinal (50-58%) occurred from cotyledonary-stage embryos that developed from dispersed callus and from the fraction of cells smaller than 850 mum. C1 USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Sanford Sci, Waterloo, NY 13165 USA. RP Kamo, K (reprint author), USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, B-010A Room 238,BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Kamok@ba.ars.usda.gov OI Kamo, Kathryn/0000-0001-6862-2410 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 11 BP 787 EP 792 DI 10.1007/s00299-003-0723-5 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 825AM UT WOS:000221728400001 PM 15022013 ER PT J AU Cheong, EJ Pooler, MR AF Cheong, EJ Pooler, MR TI Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis in Prunus incisa cv. February Pink SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Prunus incisa; flowering cherry; somatic embryogenesis; nursery crops ID MATURE STORED SEED; PLANT-REGENERATION; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; SHOOT REGENERATION; AVIUM; PERSICA; EMBRYOS; PEACH; L.; COTYLEDONS AB Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis from root explants of Prunus incisa Thunb. cv. February Pink were investigated. Using a medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts and vitamins supplemented with 10 muM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), we evaluated the effects of light, growth regulators, amino acids, carbohydrate source, and root induction medium. Explants cultured under light or dark conditions both resulted in the formation of embryos. Embryogenesis was inhibited by the addition of 6-benzyladenine, thidiazuron, or gibberellic acid to the medium. Amino acids were not effective in promoting embryogenesis, with high levels of amino acids actually inhibiting it. Sucrose and glucose effectively induced embryogenesis, while sorbitol and mannitol completely inhibited it. Sucrose and glucose also promoted secondary embryogenesis. Embryos that formed in medium containing 4% or 5% sucrose were abnormally shaped and did not fully develop, while those that formed in medium with sucrose concentrations of 2% or 3% were much more vigorous. Root explants that were induced on medium containing 1.0 muM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) produced more somatic embryos than explants induced on medium without IBA. Approximately 50% of the roots induced on medium containing 1.0 muM IBA produced somatic embryos on medium containing 10 muM 2,4-D and 3% sucrose. C1 USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Washington, DC 20002 USA. Korea Forest Res Inst, Jeju Forest Expt Stn, Jeju 697050, South Korea. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 3501 New York Ave, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM poolerm@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 11 BP 810 EP 815 DI 10.1007/s00299-004-0771-5 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 825AM UT WOS:000221728400004 PM 15022015 ER PT J AU Thies, JA Davis, RF Mueller, JD Fery, RL Langston, DB Miller, G AF Thies, JA Davis, RF Mueller, JD Fery, RL Langston, DB Miller, G TI Double-cropping cucumbers and squash after resistant bell pepper for root-knot nematode management SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE nematode resistance ID MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; N GENE; POPULATION-DENSITIES; SOIL TEMPERATURES; CAPSICUM-ANNUUM; YIELD; MICROPLOTS; EXPRESSION; TOMATOES AB 'Charleston Belle', a root-knot nematode-resistant pepper (Capsicum annuum var. annuum [Grossum Group]), and its susceptible recurrent parent, 'Keystone Resistant Giant', were Compared as spring crops for managing the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in fall-cropped cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and squash (Cucurbita pepo) at Blackville, SC and Tifton, GA. 'Charleston Belle' exhibited minimal root galling and nematode reproduction, and 'Keystone Resistant Giant' exhibited severe root galling and high nematode reproduction. Cucumber grown in plots following 'Charleston Belle' had lower (P less than or equal to 0.001) root gall severity indices than following 'Keystone Resistant Giant' (4.2 versus 4.9, respectively). Cucumber yields were 87% heavier (P less than or equal to 0.0001) and numbers of fruit were 85% higher (P less than or equal to 0.0001) in plots previously planted to 'Charleston Belle' than to 'Keystone Resistant Giant'. Squash grown in plots following 'Charleston Belle' had lower (P less than or equal to 0.001) root gall severity indices than following 'Keystone Resistant Giant' (4.0 versus 4.8, respectively). Squash yields were 55% heavier (P less than or equal to 0.01) and numbers of fruit were 50% higher (P less than or equal to 0.001) in plots previously planted to 'Charleston Belle' than to 'Keystone Resistant Giant'. These results demonstrate that root-knot nematode-resistant bell pepper cultivars such as 'Charleston Belle' are useful tools for managing M. incognita in double-cropping systems with cucurbit crops. C1 USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC USA. Univ Georgia, Rural Dev Ctr, Tifton, GA USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. EM jthies@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 6 BP 589 EP 593 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.6.589 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822GM UT WOS:000221527000002 ER PT J AU Pataky, JK Block, CC Michener, PM Shepherd, LM McGee, DC White, DG AF Pataky, JK Block, CC Michener, PM Shepherd, LM McGee, DC White, DG TI Ability of an ELISA-based seed health test to detect Erwinia stewartii in maize seed treated with fungicides and insecticides SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SWEET CORN; TRANSMISSION; WILT; FIELD AB Two sets of experiments were done to examine whether seed-treatment chemicals affected the ability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based seed health test to detect Erwinia stewartii. The chemicals evaluated included Actellic, Apron, Caplan, Cruiser, Gaucho, Maxim, Poncho, Thiram, and Vitavax in 11 seed-treatment combinations. In one experiment, seed-treatment chemicals were evaluated quantitatively in a critical region of ELISA absorbance values near 0.5 using maize seed that were spiked with uniform quantities of a liquid suspension of E. stewartii. The number of bacteria in each sample was estimated from ELISA absorbance values using standard curves. Log CFU of E. stewartii per sample were not significantly different among the untreated control and the 11 seed treatments compared with Tukey's Studentized Range Test (P = 0.05). Means of log CFU/ml for all treatments were tightly clustered around 5.70 which corresponded to an absorbance value of 0.440 and a bacterial population of about 500,000 CFU/ml. In a second set of experiments, seed treatment chemicals were evaluated based on qualitative decisions that resulted from the ELISA-based seed health test of seed lots of Jubilee and A632 infected with E. stewartii. The number of negative samples was not substantially greater than expected based on binomial probabilities except for samples of Captan/Vitavax-treated A632, which we considered to be a type I error. The mean absorbance values of positive samples ranged from 1.42 to 1.72 for A632 and from 1.51 to 1.91 for Jubilee and did not differ significantly among the seed treatments. There was no consistent evidence from these experiments that fungicide or insecticide seed treatments interfered with the sensitivity of the ELISA or altered low (e.g., 0.5) or high (e.g. 1.4 to 1.9) absorbance values. The ability of the ELISA-based seed health test to detect E. stewartii in maize seed was not affected by these seed treatments. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA ARS, Serv N Cent Plant Introduct Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Seed Sci Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pataky, JK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM j-pataky@uiuc.edu NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 6 BP 633 EP 640 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.6.633 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822GM UT WOS:000221527000010 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Peterson, DL AF Janisiewicz, WJ Peterson, DL TI Susceptibility of the stem pull area of mechanically harvested apples to blue mold decay and its control with a biocontrol agent SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Malus x domestica; pome fruits; postharvest ID DISEASES; STORAGE AB A new harvester, which uses a rapid displacement actuator on the main scaffolds to remove apples from trees with narrow-inclined trellises, has shown good potential. With this technique, stem loss (stempulls) during harvest ranges from 20 to 57%, depending on the cultivar. This can create a potential point of entry for pathogens. We evaluated the susceptibility of the stem cavity area, with and without stems, to blue mold decay (Penicillium expansum) on three cultivars of mechanically harvested apples, and tested the effectiveness of the antagonist Pseudomonas syringae (used in BioSave 110) in controlling decay. Fruit with stempulls were more susceptible to blue mold decay than fruit with stems. On fruit with stempulls inoculated with P. expansum and stored for 2 months at 1 degreesC, decay incidence was 0% on 'Pink Lady', 8.3% on 'Ace Spur Delicious', and 41% on 'Empire'. On fruit with stems, there was no decay on all three cultivars. P. syringae reduced decay on 'Empire' with stempulls to 3.3%, and no decay occurred on the other two cultivars. Similar trends were observed on fruit stored at 22 degreesC for 14 days, but the incidence of decay was higher, and only `Pink Lady' had no decay on the antagonist-treated fruit. Although mechanical harvesting can predispose the stem cavity to decay in some cultivars, this problem can be alleviated using biological control without resorting to the use of synthetic pesticides. C1 USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM wjanisie@afrs.ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 6 BP 662 EP 664 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.6.662 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822GM UT WOS:000221527000015 ER PT J AU Kamenova, I Adkins, S AF Kamenova, I Adkins, S TI Transmission, in planta distribution, and management of Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus, a novel tobamovirus isolated from Florida hibiscus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID TOMATO RINGSPOT VIRUS; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; MOSAIC-VIRUS; MOVEMENT AB Three aspects of the infection process of a new tobamovirus species, Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus, recently isolated from hibiscus in Florida, were examined: (i) transmission efficiency of rub-, slash-, and cut-inoculation for two hibiscus cultivars, Pink Versicolor and Brilliant Red; (ii) distribution within infected hibiscus plants; and (iii) treatments to prevent infection during plant propagation and pruning. Rub-, slash-, and cut-inoculation methods were all effective and yielded infection rates of 66, 74, and 70%, respectively, in Pink Versicolor and 50, 56, and 38%, respectively, in Brilliant Red. Analysis of virus distribution in infected plants over time revealed that the virus moved from the place of inoculation to the roots and then toward the bottom (oldest) leaves of the plants. Virus was found in all leaves on branches of Brilliant Red plants at 210 days postinoculation, whereas it remained restricted to the bottom and middle leaves of Pink Versicolor plants at 290 days postinoculation. Although several treatments of tools reduced infection of hibiscus during experiments mimicking plant propagation and pruning, 10% (wt/vol) sodium hypochlorite and 20% (wt/vol) nonfat dry milk completely prevented infection. C1 USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM SAdkins@ushrl.ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 88 IS 6 BP 674 EP 679 DI 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.6.674 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822GM UT WOS:000221527000018 ER PT J AU Tepperman, JM Hudson, ME Khanna, R Zhu, T Chang, SH Wang, X Quail, PH AF Tepperman, JM Hudson, ME Khanna, R Zhu, T Chang, SH Wang, X Quail, PH TI Expression profiling of phyB mutant demonstrates substantial contribution of other phytochromes to red-light-regulated gene expression during seedling de-etiolation SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE microarray; phytochromes; photosensory perception; signaling; transcriptional networks ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FAMILY; ARABIDOPSIS DEVELOPMENT; PHOTOSENSORY PERCEPTION; THALIANA; PATHWAYS; PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS; ELONGATION; PLANTS; ROLES; TIME AB Different Arabidopsis phytochrome (phy) family members (phyA through phyE) display differential photosensory and/or physiological functions in regulating growth and developmental responses to light signals. To identify the genes regulated by phyB in response to continuous monochromatic red light (Rc) during the induction of seedling de-etiolation, we have performed time-course, microarray-based expression profiling of wild type (WT) and phyB null mutants. Comparison of the observed expression patterns with those induced by continuous monochromatic far-red light (FRc; perceived exclusively by phyA) in WT and phyA null-mutant seedlings suggests early convergence of the FRc and Rc photosensory pathways to control a largely common transcriptional network. phyB mutant seedlings retain a surprisingly high level of responsiveness to Rc for the majority of Rc-regulated genes on the microarray, indicating that one or more other phys have a major role in regulating their expression. Combined with the robust visible morphogenic phenotype of the phyB mutant in Rc, these data suggest that different members of the phy family act in organ-specific fashion in regulating seedling de-etiolation. Specifically, phyB appears to be the dominant, if not exclusive, photoreceptor in regulating a minority population of genes involved in suppression of hypocotyl cell elongation in response to Rc signals. By contrast, this sensory function is apparently shared by one or more other phys in regulating the majority Rc-responsive gene set involved in other important facets of the de-etiolation process in the apical region, such as cotyledon cell expansion. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. ARS, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Torrey Mesa Res Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM quail@nature.berkeley.edu RI Hudson, Matthew/A-4438-2008; Zhu, Tong/G-5202-2011 OI Hudson, Matthew/0000-0002-4737-0936; Zhu, Tong/0000-0002-8732-3499 FU PHS HHS [47475] NR 30 TC 130 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 38 IS 5 BP 725 EP 739 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02084.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 821HU UT WOS:000221451800002 PM 15144375 ER PT J AU Carson, C Robertson, J Coe, E AF Carson, C Robertson, J Coe, E TI High-volume mapping of maize mutants with simple sequence repeat markers SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE bulked segregant analysis; DNA preparation; mutant mapping; SSR; 96-well format; Zea mays L ID PCR AB Many genes in maize (Zea mays L.) are revealed by mutations that cause phenotypic variation front normal. These mutants are valuable resources of genetic information. From among the huge collection of maize mutants, it is ultimately necessary to establish which alleles are of the same genes and which are novel genes. Although any given mutant can be subjected to complementation tests or can be mapped by using conventional techniques, the number of mutants at this time makes these approaches prohibitive to encompass the whole collection. Here we describe procedures to efficiently map large numbers of mutants. Included are methods for generating polymorphic mapping progenies, for simply and rapidly preparing samples to use in polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for tissue pooling and application of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and for stepwise determination of linkage followed by mapping to chromosomal region. C1 Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Coe, E (reprint author), Univ Missouri, 202 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM coee@missouri.edu NR 15 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, DEPT BIOCHEMISTRY, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 22 IS 2 BP 131 EP 143 DI 10.1007/BF02772720 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 866OM UT WOS:000224782800001 ER PT J AU Sotirovski, K Papazova-Anakieva, I Grunwald, NJ Milgroom, MG AF Sotirovski, K Papazova-Anakieva, I Grunwald, NJ Milgroom, MG TI Low diversity of vegetative compatibility types and mating type of Cryphonectria parasitica in the southern Balkans SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryphonectria parasitica; Cryphonectria radicalis; genotypic diversity; mating type; vegetative incompatibility ID CHESTNUT BLIGHT FUNGUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; ENDOTHIA-PARASITICA; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INCOMPATIBILITY; SUBPOPULATIONS; HYPOVIRULENCE AB The diversity of vegetative compatibility (vc) types and mating type was estimated in populations of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, throughout Macedonia and from selected areas in Greece. Nearly all of the 786 isolates (94%) from Macedonia were in a single vc type, EU-12; all 379 isolates from Greece were EU-12. Only six of 20 populations in Macedonia had more than one vc type. The diversity of vc types in the most diverse populations of Macedonia was comparable with the least diverse populations found previously in Italy. All but six of the 313 isolates assayed had the same mating type, MAT-1, and no perithecia of Cryphonectria parasitica were observed in any population. These results lead to the conclusion that sexual reproduction does not occur in these populations. The lack of vc type diversity may indicate a high potential for the spread of hypoviruses and successful biological control with transmissible hypovirulence. However, if sexual reproduction should occur in Macedonian populations, up to 32 vc types would be possible by recombination among vegetative incompatibility loci. C1 Univ Ss Kiril & Metodij, Fac Forestry, Skopje, Macedonia. ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sotirovski, K (reprint author), Univ Ss Kiril & Metodij, Fac Forestry, Skopje, Macedonia. EM kirils@mt.net.mk RI Grunwald, Niklaus/B-9535-2008; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 44 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 53 IS 3 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.01006.x PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 829MK UT WOS:000222052400007 ER PT J AU Prasad, PVV Boote, KJ Vu, JCV Allen, LH AF Prasad, PVV Boote, KJ Vu, JCV Allen, LH TI The carbohydrate metabolism enzymes sucrose-P synthase and ADG-pyrophosphorylase in phaseolus bean leaves are up-regulated at elevated growth carbon dioxide and temperature SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; carbohydrate; SPS; AGP; rubisco; photosynthesis ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; PLANT-TISSUES; GAS-EXCHANGE; VULGARIS-L; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCLIMATION; RUBISCO; RICE; LIGHT AB Kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Montcalm) plants were grown under daytime maximum/nighttime minimum temperatures of 28/18, 34/24 and 40/30 degreesC at ambient carbon dioxide concentration (CO2; 350 mumol mol(-1)), and 28/18, 31/21, 34/24, 37/27 and 40/30 degreesC at elevated (twice-ambient) CO2, to characterize how increases in growth CO2 and temperature affected kidney bean leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Elevated CO2 enhanced leaf photosynthetic rates by about 57% across the temperature regimes, compared with plants grown an ambient M. As growth temperature increased from 28/18 to 40/30 degreesC, leaf photosynthetic rates decreased at both ambient and elevated CO2. Growth at either elevated temperature or CO2 decreased activity, protein content and activation of the primary photosynthetic enzyme ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco). Elevated CO2 increased activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) and adeiiosine-5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) and accumulation of soluble sugars and starch across all temperatures, compared with plants grown at ambient CO2. At elevated CO2, growth temperatures above 34/24 degreesC significantly increased leaf carbohydrates (total soluble sugars and starch) and activity of AGP. The up-regulation of leaf carbohydrate metabolism enzymes under elevated CO2 plus temperature would be beneficial for growth and productivity of kidney bean in future climates. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Prasad, PVV (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agron, 304 Newell Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vpaga@mail.ifas.ufl.edu RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012; OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 37 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 166 IS 6 BP 1565 EP 1573 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.02.009 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 816VE UT WOS:000221136600019 ER PT J AU Hoecker, U Toledo-Ortiz, G Bender, J Quail, PH AF Hoecker, U Toledo-Ortiz, G Bender, J Quail, PH TI The photomorphogenesis-related mutant red1 is defective in CYP83B1, a red light-induced gene encoding a cytochrome P450 required for normal auxin homeostasis SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; auxin; CYP83B1; photomorphogenesis; RED1 ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; HYPOCOTYL ELONGATION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PHYTOCHROME; GROWTH; OVERPRODUCTION; BIOSYNTHESIS; PHENOTYPE; MUTATIONS; NETWORKS AB Previous genetic analysis identified a component, RED1, that is required for normal de-etiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. seedlings in continuous red light (Rc). red1 mutant seedlings exhibit elongated hypocotyls and reduced cotyledon size specifically in Rc and not in continuous far-red light (FRc). Here, we show that red1 is allelic to sur2 and atr4, and is defective in the cytochrome P450 CYP83B1, an enzyme required for normal auxin homeostasis. Two alleles of atr4, like red1, exhibit increased hypocotyl elongation and reduced cotyledon expansion in Rc but not in FRc. We further show that CYP83B1 transcript levels are elevated specifically in Rc-grown seedlings when compared with seedlings grown in darkness or FRc. Hence, the Rc-specific phenotype of the red1 mutant may indicate that Rc-induction of the CYP83B1 transcript is necessary for normal seedling de-etiolation in the wild type. C1 ARS, USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Dusseldorf, Dept Plant Dev & Mol Biol, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall,MC 3102, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM quail@nature.berkeley.edu NR 28 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JUN PY 2004 VL 219 IS 2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1007/s00425-004-1211-z PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 825AJ UT WOS:000221728100002 PM 14963708 ER PT J AU Tucker, DE Allen, DJ Ort, DR AF Tucker, DE Allen, DJ Ort, DR TI Control of nitrate reductase by circadian and diurnal rhythms in tomato SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE circadian regulation; diurnal rhythm; Lycopersicon; nitrate reductase; protein phosphorylation ID SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; REGULATORY PHOSPHORYLATION SITE; SPINACEA-OLERACEA LEAVES; BARLEY LEAVES; REVERSIBLE PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; HINGE-1 REGION; MESSENGER-RNA; BINDING-SITE; MAIZE LEAVES AB Nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) is a key regulatory enzyme in the assimilation of nitrate into amino acids in plant leaves. NR activity is intricately controlled by multifarious regulatory mechanisms acting at different levels ranging from transcription to protein degradation. It is among the few enzymes known to have a robust circadian rhythm of enzyme activity in many plant species. Although many aspects of NR regulation have been studied in depth, how these different types of control interact in a plant to deliver integrated control of activity in leaves over the course of the day has not been systematically investigated. This work documents that NR in young tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves has an endogenous rhythm in mRNA and protein level, which in nearly all circumstances are in phase with the rhythm in NR enzyme activity. Our data show that the diurnal control of NR activity in tomato leaves rests primarily with circadian regulation of Nia gene expression. The accompanying oscillations in protein level in tomato are made possible by a short half-life of NR protein that is approx. 6 h under normal conditions and approx. 2.5 h when plants are darkened during mid-day. NR post-transcriptional regulation via phosphorylation and subsequent 14-3-3 protein binding has a physiologically vital but secondary regulatory role in tomato of rapidly deactivating NR in response to changes in light intensity that cannot be anticipated by circadian timing. The post-translational reactivation of phosphorylated NR appears to have its primary physiological role in tomato leaves in reversing the down regulation of NR following transient shading events. Although there is a significant steady-state pool of apparently inactive NR throughout the diurnal, our data indicate that tomato leaves are unable to draw on this reserve to compensate for NR protein that is degraded during shading. C1 Univ Illinois, Photosynth Res Unit, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ort, DR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Photosynth Res Unit, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM d-ort@uiuc.edu OI Allen, Damian/0000-0002-9338-9531 NR 55 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JUN PY 2004 VL 219 IS 2 BP 277 EP 285 DI 10.1007/s00425-004-1213-x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 825AJ UT WOS:000221728100011 PM 14963706 ER PT J AU Imanishi, T Itoh, T Suzuki, Y O'Donovan, C Fukuchi, S Koyanagi, KO Barrero, RA Tamura, T Yamaguchi-Kabata, Y Tanino, M Yura, K Miyazaki, S Ikeo, K Homma, K Kasprzyk, A Nishikawa, T Hirakawa, M Thierry-Mieg, J Thierry-Mieg, D Ashurst, J Jia, LB Nakao, M Thomas, MA Mulder, N Karavidopoulou, Y Jin, LH Kim, S Yasuda, T Lenhard, B Eveno, E Suzuki, Y Yamasaki, C Takeda, J Gough, C Hilton, P Fujii, Y Sakai, H Tanaka, S Amid, C Bellgard, M Bonaldo, MD Bono, H Bromberg, SK Brookes, AJ Bruford, E Carninci, P Chelala, C Couillault, C de Souza, SJ Debily, MA Devignes, MD Dubchak, I Endo, T Estreicher, A Eyras, E Fukami-Kobayash, K Gopinath, GR Graudens, E Hahn, Y Han, M Han, ZG Hanada, K Hanaoka, H Harada, E Hashimoto, K Hinz, U Hirai, M Hishiki, T Hopkinson, I Imbeaud, S Inoko, H Kanapin, A Kaneko, Y Kasukawa, T Kelso, J Kersey, P Kikuno, R Kimura, K Korn, B Kuryshev, V Makalowska, I Makino, T Mano, S Mariage-Samson, R Mashima, J Matsuda, H Mewes, HW Minoshima, S Nagai, K Nagasaki, H Nagata, N Nigam, R Ogasawara, O Ohara, O Ohtsubo, M Okada, N Okido, T Oota, S Ota, M Ota, T Otsuki, T Piatier-Tonneau, D Poustka, A Ren, SX Saitou, N Sakai, K Sakamoto, S Sakate, R Schupp, I Servant, F Sherry, S Shiba, R Shimizu, N Shimoyama, M Simpson, AJ Soares, B Steward, C Suwa, M Suzuki, M Takahashi, A Tamiya, G Tanaka, H Taylor, T Terwilliger, JD Unneberg, P Veeramachaneni, V Watanabe, S Wilming, L Yasuda, N Yoo, HS Stodolsky, M Makalowski, W Go, M Nakai, K Takagi, T Kanehisa, M Sakaki, Y Quackenbush, J Okazaki, Y Hayashizaki, Y Hide, W Chakraborty, R Nishikawa, K Sugawara, H Tateno, Y Chen, Z Oishi, M Tonellato, P Apweiler, R Okubo, K Wagner, L Wiemann, S Strausberg, RL Isogai, T Auffray, C Nomura, N Gojobori, T Sugano, S AF Imanishi, T Itoh, T Suzuki, Y O'Donovan, C Fukuchi, S Koyanagi, KO Barrero, RA Tamura, T Yamaguchi-Kabata, Y Tanino, M Yura, K Miyazaki, S Ikeo, K Homma, K Kasprzyk, A Nishikawa, T Hirakawa, M Thierry-Mieg, J Thierry-Mieg, D Ashurst, J Jia, LB Nakao, M Thomas, MA Mulder, N Karavidopoulou, Y Jin, LH Kim, S Yasuda, T Lenhard, B Eveno, E Suzuki, Y Yamasaki, C Takeda, J Gough, C Hilton, P Fujii, Y Sakai, H Tanaka, S Amid, C Bellgard, M Bonaldo, MD Bono, H Bromberg, SK Brookes, AJ Bruford, E Carninci, P Chelala, C Couillault, C de Souza, SJ Debily, MA Devignes, MD Dubchak, I Endo, T Estreicher, A Eyras, E Fukami-Kobayash, K Gopinath, GR Graudens, E Hahn, Y Han, M Han, ZG Hanada, K Hanaoka, H Harada, E Hashimoto, K Hinz, U Hirai, M Hishiki, T Hopkinson, I Imbeaud, S Inoko, H Kanapin, A Kaneko, Y Kasukawa, T Kelso, J Kersey, P Kikuno, R Kimura, K Korn, B Kuryshev, V Makalowska, I Makino, T Mano, S Mariage-Samson, R Mashima, J Matsuda, H Mewes, HW Minoshima, S Nagai, K Nagasaki, H Nagata, N Nigam, R Ogasawara, O Ohara, O Ohtsubo, M Okada, N Okido, T Oota, S Ota, M Ota, T Otsuki, T Piatier-Tonneau, D Poustka, A Ren, SX Saitou, N Sakai, K Sakamoto, S Sakate, R Schupp, I Servant, F Sherry, S Shiba, R Shimizu, N Shimoyama, M Simpson, AJ Soares, B Steward, C Suwa, M Suzuki, M Takahashi, A Tamiya, G Tanaka, H Taylor, T Terwilliger, JD Unneberg, P Veeramachaneni, V Watanabe, S Wilming, L Yasuda, N Yoo, HS Stodolsky, M Makalowski, W Go, M Nakai, K Takagi, T Kanehisa, M Sakaki, Y Quackenbush, J Okazaki, Y Hayashizaki, Y Hide, W Chakraborty, R Nishikawa, K Sugawara, H Tateno, Y Chen, Z Oishi, M Tonellato, P Apweiler, R Okubo, K Wagner, L Wiemann, S Strausberg, RL Isogai, T Auffray, C Nomura, N Gojobori, T Sugano, S TI Integrative annotation of 21,037 human genes validated by full-length cDNA clones SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; UNTRANSLATED REGIONS; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; MESSENGER-RNAS; LARGE PROTEINS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION AB The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level. Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following: integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates (1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for nonprotein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causing phenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology. C1 Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Integrated Database Grp, Biol Informat Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Genome Res Dept, Bioinformat Lab, Ibaraki, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Ctr Human Genome, Tokyo, Japan. EMBL Outstn, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. Ctr Informat Biol, Shizuoka, Japan. DNA Data Bank Japan, Natl Inst Genet, Shizuoka, Japan. Nara Inst Sci & Technol, Nara, Japan. Integrated Database Grp, Japan Biol Informat Res Ctr, Japan Biol Informat Consortium, Tokyo, Japan. BITS Co, Shizuoka, Japan. Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Quantum Bioinformat Grp, Ctr Promot Computat Sci & Engn, Kyoto, Japan. Reverse Proteom Res Inst, Chiba, Japan. Cent Res Lab, Tokyo, Japan. Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Bioinformat Ctr, Kyoto, Japan. NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD USA. CNRS, Lab Phys Math, Montpellier, France. Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID USA. Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnolc, Taejeon, South Korea. Karolinska Inst, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Stockholm, Sweden. CNRS, Genexpress, Villejuif, France. Sino French Lab Life Sci & Genom, Shanghai, Peoples R China. Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd, Tokyo Res Labs, Tokyo, Japan. GSF Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, MIPS Inst Bioinformat, Neuherberg, Germany. Murdoch Univ, Sch Informat Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Biol Comp, Murdoch, WA, Australia. Univ Iowa, Med Educ & Biomed Res Facil, Iowa City, IA USA. RIKEN Yokohama Inst, RIKEN Genom Sci Ctr, Genome Explorat Res Grp, Kanagawa, Japan. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA. UCL, HUGO Gene Nomenclature Comm, London, England. RIKEN, Genome Sci Lab, Saitama, Japan. Ludwig Inst Canc Res, Sao Paulo, Brazil. CNRS, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Med Res Inst, Dept Bioinformat, Tokyo, Japan. Swiss Inst Bioinformat, Geneva, Switzerland. RIKEN Tsukuba Inst, RIKEN Bioresource Ctr, Bioresource Informat Div, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Genome Knowledgebase, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA. Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr Shanghai, Shanghai, Peoples R China. Natl Inst Infect Dis, Div Genet Resources, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Dept Integrated Biosci, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Chiba, Japan. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Biol Informat Res Ctr, Funct Genom Grp, Tokyo, Japan. UCL, Royal Free Univ Coll Med Sch, Dept Primary Care & Populat Sci, London, England. Inst Child Hlth, Clin & Mol Genet Unit, London, England. Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Div Mol Life Sci, Dept Genet Informat, Kanagawa, Japan. Univ Western Cape, South African Natl Bioinformat Inst, Bellville, South Africa. Kazusa DNA Res Inst, Chiba, Japan. RZPD Resource Ctr Genome Res, Heidelberg, Germany. German Canc Res Ctr, Heidelberg, Germany. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA USA. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol, Dept Bioinformat Engn, Osaka, Japan. Hamamatsu Univ Sch Med, Photon Med Res Ctr, Med Photobiol Dept, Shizuoka, Japan. Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Computat Biol Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol, Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Biosci & Biotechnol, Dept Biol Sci, Kanagawa, Japan. Tokyo Inst Technol, Global Sci Informat & Comp Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. Taisho Pharmaceut Co, Med Res Labs, Mol Biol Lab, Saitama, Japan. Natl Inst Genet, Dept Populat Genet, Shizuoka, Japan. RIKEN Yokohama Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Human Genome Res Grp, Kanagawa, Japan. Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. Columbia Genome Ctr, New York, NY USA. KTH Royal Sch Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Stockholm, Sweden. USDA, Biol Div, Washington, DC USA. USDA, Genome Task Grp, Off Biol & Environm Res, Washington, DC USA. Nagahama Inst Biosci & Technol, Fac Biosci, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Ctr Genome Informat, Cincinnati, OH USA. Shanghai Med Univ 2, Rui Jin Hosp, Shanghai Inst Hematol, State Key Lab Med Genom, Shanghai, Peoples R China. PointOne Syst, Wauwatosa, WI USA. Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Grad Univ Adv Studies, Dept Genet, Shizuoka, Japan. Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Dept Med Genome Sci, Tokyo, Japan. RP Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Integrated Database Grp, Biol Informat Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. EM tgojobor@genes.nig.ac.jp RI Taylor, Todd/A-7121-2009; Nakai, Kenta/B-7293-2009; Eyras, Eduardo/A-1560-2010; Hide, Winston Hide/C-7217-2009; Ohara, Osamu/A-9119-2012; Koyanagi, Kanako/D-6354-2012; Thomas, Michael/B-7489-2008; Kanapin, Alexander/E-7632-2013; Carninci, Piero/K-1568-2014; Eyras, Eduardo/L-1053-2014; Wiemann, Stefan/E-4424-2013; Jun-ichi, Takeda/I-7483-2014; Kasukawa, Takeya/N-5070-2015; Ohara, Osamu/G-5448-2015; Makalowski, Wojciech/I-2843-2016; Kanapin, Alexander/Q-7590-2016; Paulini, Michael/E-8289-2017; THIERRY-MIEG, Jean/F-1975-2017; OI Taylor, Todd/0000-0003-4247-6253; Nakai, Kenta/0000-0002-8721-8883; Hide, Winston Hide/0000-0002-8621-3271; Koyanagi, Kanako/0000-0003-1615-5077; Thomas, Michael/0000-0003-2982-0291; Carninci, Piero/0000-0001-7202-7243; Eyras, Eduardo/0000-0003-0793-6218; Wiemann, Stefan/0000-0003-4683-3174; Jun-ichi, Takeda/0000-0001-5367-5608; Kasukawa, Takeya/0000-0001-5085-0802; Ohara, Osamu/0000-0002-3328-9571; Kanapin, Alexander/0000-0001-9802-5297; Paulini, Michael/0000-0002-6968-2340; THIERRY-MIEG, Jean/0000-0002-0396-6789; Apweiler, Rolf/0000-0001-7078-200X; Wilming, Laurens/0000-0002-4154-7358; Amid, Clara/0000-0001-6534-7425; Bruford, Elspeth/0000-0002-8380-5247; Kersey, Paul/0000-0002-7054-800X; Lenhard, Boris/0000-0002-1114-1509; chelala, claude/0000-0002-2488-0669; Devignes, Marie-Dominique/0000-0002-0399-8713; O'Donovan, Claire/0000-0001-8051-7429; Bono, Hidemasa/0000-0003-4413-0651 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL064541] NR 116 TC 242 Z9 257 U1 2 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 2 IS 6 BP 856 EP 875 AR e162 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020162 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 833ZN UT WOS:000222380400025 PM 15103394 ER PT J AU Chavez, C Coufal, CD Carey, JB Lacey, RE Beier, RC Zahn, JA AF Chavez, C Coufal, CD Carey, JB Lacey, RE Beier, RC Zahn, JA TI The impact of supplemental dietary methionine sources on volatile compound concentrations in broiler excreta SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler excreta; electronic nose; methionine; odor; sensory panel ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; LIVESTOCK WASTES; ELECTRONIC NOSE; IDENTIFICATION; OLFACTOMETRY; MANURE AB The impact of different Met sources on broiler fecal odor volatiles was determined by evaluating the types of sulfur compounds produced in broiler excreta. Two experiments were conducted using straight-run broiler chicks randomly distributed in battery cages, with 3 replicate pens of 16 birds each. The treatment groups were 1) dry Met hydroxy analogue (dry MetHA), 2) sodium methioninate aqueous solution (NaMet), 3) liquid Met hydroxy analogue (Liq MetHA), 4) D,L- Met, and 5) no supplemental Met (control group). The Met activities of each Met source were 52, 45.9, 88, and 98%, respectively. All diets were formulated to contain either 0.8% (experiment 1) total Met activity or 0.5% Met activity in the starter and 0.38% Met activity in the grower (experiment 2) (except the control group, 0.35% Met activity), but otherwise met NRC nutrient requirements (NRC, 1994). Diets were fed ad libitum from d 1 to 6 wk of age. There were no significant differences in BW among the treatments. All excreta were collected in litter pans lined with aluminum foil. In experiment 1, at wk 6, broiler excreta were collected for a 24-h period, and 4.5 g of broiler excreta from each treatment group was collected into 15-mL headspace vials. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The volatile sulfur compounds that were identified and quantified in the broiler excreta were H2S, carbonyl sulfide (COS), methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), dimethyl disulfide (CH3 SSCH3), and dimethyl trisulfide (CH3SSSCH3). The Na-Met treatment group had significantly higher concentrations of H2S, COS, and CH3SSCH3 compared with all other treatment groups. The Liq MetHA group had significantly lower concentrations of H2S, COS, CH3SH, and CH3SSCH3 compared with the other treatment groups. The dry MetHA group significantly had the highest concentration of CH4SH. The D,L-Met treatment group had the significantly highest concentration of CH3SSSCH3 and the lowest concentration of H2S. The control group had the significantly lowest concentrations of CH3SH, CH3SSCH3, and CH3SSSCH3 compared with the other treatment groups. In experiment 2, at wk 6, an electronic nose was used to evaluate 15 air samples per treatment group. In addition, 15 air samples (containing 6 to 8 L of air in a Tedlar bag, 3 samples per treatment group) were collected for odor evaluation by a sensory panel. Electronic nose sensor data revealed that volatile compounds in broiler excreta from the control group were significantly different from the other 4 treatment groups. Evaluation of the air samples by a sensory panel determined that there was a statistically significant difference in odor threshold detection between the control group and the other treatment groups. The dilutions to threshold of control group, NaMet, dry MetHA, Liq MetHA, and D,L-Met were 350, 492, 568, 496, and 526 odor units, respectively. These findings demonstrate that dietary Met sources significantly influenced odorous volatile concentrations in broiler excreta. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Swine Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Carey, JB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM jcarey@poultry.tamu.edu NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 83 IS 6 BP 901 EP 910 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 826NY UT WOS:000221837000009 PM 15206616 ER PT J AU Dickens, JA Ingram, KD Hinton, A AF Dickens, JA Ingram, KD Hinton, A TI Effects of applying safe(2)O poultry wash to broiler wings on shelf life, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonads, Staphylococcus species, and psychrotrophic bacteria levels after three, seven, and ten days of storage SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; Listeria monocytogenes; psychrotrophic bacteria; shelf life; wing ID CHICKEN AB Bacterial contamination of raw processed poultry continues to be of concern to consumers as well as regulatory and health officials. For many years wings were considered a low-value product; therefore, shelf life of wings was not a major concern. Due to changes in consumer attitudes and increases in the fast-food market, wings are now a valuable commodity. Because wings have a shorter shelf life than most other raw poultry products, acceptable intervention to decrease the population of associated spoilage organisms and human enteropathogens are needed. Safe(2)O Poultry Wash was evaluated as a postchill treatment to reduce microbial contamination and increase shelf life. Ninety-six carcasses were obtained from a local processor prior to final wash. On arrival at the research facility all carcasses were inoculated with 1 mL of a culture with 10(3) cfu/mL Listeria monocytogenes. After a 30-min attachment time, carcasses were subjected to a 4-s in-out final wash, hung for 3 min, and chilled in ice-water for 45 min. After the chilling, wings were removed by hand with a knife, pooled together, and subjected to a hand spray (4 mL/wing) with deionized water or Safe(2)O Poultry Wash. Two wings were then placed in each of 96 ziplock type storage bags, and wings were held at 5 +/- 1 degreesC for 3, 7, 10, and 14 d. On the day of sample, weep was decanted, and 100 mL of Butterfield's phosphate buffer was added to each bag. Three sets of wings were shaken by hand for 1 min, and total aerobes, Pseudomonads, Staphylococcus sp., psychrotrophic bacteria, and L. monocytogenes in the rinsates were enumerated. By using 7 log(10) recovery of total aerobes from rinsates as a spoilage baseline, all wings were spoiled by d 10, but the wings treated with water were approaching spoilage counts on d 7, (log(10) 6.8), whereas only log(10) 5.5 bacteria were recovered from the wings sprayed with Safe(2)O Poultry Wash. Fewer Pseudomonads, Staphylcoccus sp., L. monocytogenes, and psychrotrophic bacteria were recovered from wings treated with Safe(2)O Poultry Wash and stored for 10 d. Log(10) counts for the organisms were Pseudomonas sp., 8.2 and 6.9; Staphylcoccus sp., 5.5 and 4.9; L. monocytogenes, 5.2 and 4.6; and psychrotrophs, 8.2 and 6.9 for the water and Safe(2)O Poultry Wash treatments, respectively. Use of the Safe(2)O Poultry Wash as a postchill treatment on wings could increase the shelf life of wings by up to 3 d. C1 USDA, ARS, SAA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Dickens, JA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, SAA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM adickens@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 83 IS 6 BP 1047 EP 1050 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 826NY UT WOS:000221837000028 PM 15206635 ER PT J AU Lancaster, KJ Smiciklas-Wright, H Weitzel, LB Mitchell, DC Friedmann, JM Jensen, GL AF Lancaster, KJ Smiciklas-Wright, H Weitzel, LB Mitchell, DC Friedmann, JM Jensen, GL TI Hypertension-related dietary patterns of rural older adults SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE aged; older adults; hypertension; diet ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 1ST NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD-PRESSURE; STOP HYPERTENSION; RISK; TRIAL; FRUIT; FAT; CONSUMPTION; PREVENTION AB Background. Prevalence of hypertension is greater in older adults, and increased intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy-good sources of potassium, calcium, and magnesium-can reduce blood pressure. This study examined the hypertension-related dietary patterns of older adults. Methods. A cohort of 180 Pennsylvania adults (aged greater than or equal to65), 90 with hypertension, were randomly selected from the Geisinger Rural Aging Study (GRAS). Data were collected by trained interviewers at a home visit. Dietary assessment used five 24-h recalls. We compared the characteristics and dietary intake of people with hypertension to those without hypertension and compared their intakes to current recommendations. Results. Mean intakes of all participants were less than two thirds of the DRI for calcium and magnesium and fell far short of the 3,500 mg of potassium recommended for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Participants with hypertension consumed less sodium than controls. Both groups ate fewer fruits and vegetables than recommended but reached the dairy recommendation. Calcium intake was mainly from high-fat dairy products, beans were the top source of potassium and magnesium. Conclusions. Older adults with hypertension should be guided to choose more low-fat dairy products and other low-fat calcium sources and to increase intakes of beans, dark green leafy vegetables, and other potassium and magnesium sources. (C) 2004 The Institute For Cancer Prevention and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NYU, Dept Nutr Food Studies & Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10012 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Behav Immunol Lab, Denver, CO 80220 USA. USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Nutr, Nashville, TN 37211 USA. RP Lancaster, KJ (reprint author), NYU, Dept Nutr Food Studies & Publ Hlth, 35 W 4th St,10th Floor, New York, NY 10012 USA. EM kristie.lancaster@nyu.edu NR 43 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 38 IS 6 BP 812 EP 818 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.002 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 830IO UT WOS:000222115800017 PM 15193903 ER PT J AU Stabel, TJ Fedorka-Cray, PJ AF Stabel, TJ Fedorka-Cray, PJ TI Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose induced stress on Salmonella choleraesuis shedding and persistence in swine SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PIGS; CORTISOL; PLASMA; TYPHIMURIUM; TRANSPORT; CATECHOLAMINES AB A glucose analog, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), previously shown in swine to induce many of the hallmark parameters of stress, was administered to Salmonella choleraesuis carrier-swine and the effects on Salmonella fecal shedding and tissue colonization were evaluated. Initially, pigs were divided into two groups, one that received 1 x 10(6) S. choleraesuis and one group that received saline. At 3 or 6 weeks post inoculation (PI), half of each group received an injection of 2DG and the other half received saline. Throughout the study, individual fecal samples were collected and quantitatively cultured for Salmonella, tonsil and nasal swabs were qualitatively cultured, clinical signs were monitored, temperatures were measured and whole blood collected. Pigs were necropsied 8-18 days after 2DG treatment. The experimental stress induced by 2DG was not sufficient to cause recrudescence of Salmonella fecal shedding even when tissues were culture positive for Salmonella. In addition, persistent shedding was not affected by 2DG administration. Although the complex set of parameters that constitute the stress phenomenon is still relatively unknown, it is now apparent that the stressful event(s) sufficient to trigger Sahnonella recrudescence involves more than just increased blood glucose, increased cortisol. and inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM tstabel@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 76 IS 3 BP 187 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.rsvc.2003.11.005 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 811ET UT WOS:000220755900004 PM 15046951 ER PT J AU Young, DL Kwon, TJ Young, FL AF Young, DL Kwon, TJ Young, FL TI Downsizing an agricultural field experiment alters economic results: A case study SO REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; YIELD AB Downsizing the replications of an agricultural experiment altered profit and utility rankings of different cropping systems less than cutting the duration of the experiment. However, failing to plant all crops in a rotation each year altered economic rankings the most. Estimates of system profit variability, and associated economic rankings, were especially sensitive to downsizing experiment length and to failing to plant all crops in a rotation annually. Despite the scientific importance of long full-rotation experiments, short run publication pressures favoring "new data" and methodological innovations might discourage such rich experiments. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Korean Rural Econ Inst, Seoul, South Korea. Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Young, DL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI AMES PA 415 SOUTH DUFF AVE, STE C, AMES, IA 50010-6600 USA SN 1058-7195 J9 REV AGR ECON JI Rev. Agric. Econ. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 26 IS 2 BP 255 EP 265 DI 10.1111/j.1467-9353.2004.00174.x PG 11 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Business; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 823FK UT WOS:000221595100007 ER PT J AU Mosley, J Tiehen, L AF Mosley, J Tiehen, L TI The food safety net after welfare reform: Use of private and public food assistance in the Kansas City metropolitan area SO SOCIAL SERVICE REVIEW LA English DT Article ID HOUSEHOLDS; PANTRIES AB This study documents reliance on the private and public food safety net in the Kansas City metropolitan area. While the use of food pantries is widespread, the frequency of food pantry use is low compared to food stamp use. However, almost 60 percent of food pantry recipients also received food stamps at some time during the studied period. Between 1998 and 2001, just over one-third of food stamp clients also visited a pantry. The data suggest that households are not substituting one form of assistance for the other but rather are accessing multiple types of assistance when necessary. C1 Univ Missouri, Harry S Truman Sch Publ Affairs, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. USDA, Food Assistance & Nutr Res Small Grants Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Mosley, J (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Harry S Truman Sch Publ Affairs, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM mosleyj@missouri.edu; ltiehen@ers.usda.gov NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0037-7961 J9 SOC SERV REV JI Soc. Serv. Rev. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 78 IS 2 BP 267 EP 283 DI 10.1086/382769 PG 17 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA 827EB UT WOS:000221880700004 ER PT J AU Vaughan, PJ Shouse, PJ Goldberg, S Suarez, DL Ayars, JE AF Vaughan, PJ Shouse, PJ Goldberg, S Suarez, DL Ayars, JE TI Boron transport within an agricultural field: Uniform flow versus mobile-immobile water model simulations SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE boron; transport; field simulation; Unsatchem; constant capacitance model; mobile-immobile model ID CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL; MASS-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIA; SOIL; ADSORPTION; EQUATION AB The transport of boron in soil is important to agriculture because boron concentrations in soil water are beneficial to plants only over a limited range (0.37 to 1.39 mmol L-1 for tolerant crops). Irrigation water in the San Joaquin Valley, California, commonly has elevated B concentrations, and soil water B can reach phytotoxic levels as a result of the concentrating effects of evapotranspiration. Because the constant capacitance model was successful in computing B speciation in soil water and on mineral surfaces, it was incorporated into a multicomponent solute transport code, and a 2-year field test of the model was performed for 43 sites within a 65-ha field in the San Joaquin Valley. The model predicted the adsorbed B (XOB(OH)(3)(-)) concentration successfully with a median scaled root mean square error (SRMSE) of 11% for 43 sites. The median SRMSE was 36% for prediction of total B and 46% for solution B. The higher SRMSE for solution B may be caused by lack of detail in specifying the lower boundary condition. A steady increase in SRMSE from east to west in the field, the same trend as the seven tile drains, suggests an unknown E-W systematic variation in the lower boundary condition. A mobile-immobile water transport model failed to exhibit significant improvement over the standard uniform flow model (UFM) and, thus, the simpler UFM was preferred. The change in total B mass at all sites generated was accurately predicted with a relative error of only 4.1%. This work has potential practical application in the study of the effect of water management practices on soil B. C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. USDA ARS, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Vaughan, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM pvaughan@ussl.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 401 EP 412 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000131230.35979.b9 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 829BW UT WOS:000222019100001 ER PT J AU Prior, SA Runion, GB Torbert, HA Rogers, HH AF Prior, SA Runion, GB Torbert, HA Rogers, HH TI Elevated atmospheric CO2 in agroecosystems: Soil physical properties SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; soybean; sorghum; cropping systems; soil properties; C storage ID PLANT-RESPONSES; ENRICHMENT; TILLAGE; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS; CROPS; ROOT AB Increased crop biomass production caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration suggests more carbon input to the soil, which could alter soil physical properties. Soil samples were collected from the surface layer (0-6 cm) after 5 years of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] or sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] production under two CO2 levels (360 muLL(-1) and 720 muLL(-1)) on a Blanton loamy sand (loamy siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic Paleudults) under no-till management using open top field chambers in Auburn, Alabama. Soil carbon content, bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water stable aggregates were measured. Soil carbon content was increased by elevated CO2. Significant cropping system by CO2 interactions were noted for soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity; aggregate stability exhibited a similar trend. In the soybean system, soil bulk density decreased whereas saturated hydraulic conductivity and aggregate stability increased as a result of elevated CO2; however, CO2 had little affect on soil properties in the sorghum system. Results indicate that greater nonyield biomass inputs could increase soil carbon content and improve soil physical properties, especially in soybean production systems. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Prior, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM sprior@acesag.auburn.edu NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 169 IS 6 BP 434 EP 439 DI 10.1097/01.ss.0000131228.51226.8c PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 829BW UT WOS:000222019100004 ER PT J AU Jacinthe, PA Lal, R Owens, LB Hothem, DL AF Jacinthe, PA Lal, R Owens, LB Hothem, DL TI Transport of labile carbon in runoff as affected by land use and rainfall characteristics SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE labile carbon; runoff; rainfall energy; tillage ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; DIOXIDE EVOLUTION; EROSION; CULTIVATION; WATERSHEDS; DYNAMICS; OHIO AB The mobilization of organic carbon (C) by water erosion could impact the terrestrial C budget, but the magnitude and direction of that impact remain uncertain due to a lack of data regarding the fates and quality of eroded C. A study was conducted to monitor total organic C and mineralizable C (MinC) in eroded materials from watersheds under no till (NT), chisel till (CT), disk till low input (DT-LI), pasture and forest. The DT-LI treatment relies on manure application and legume cover crops to partly supply the N needed when corn is grown, and on cultivation to reduce the use of herbicides. Each watershed was instrumented with a flume and a Coshocton wheel sampler for runoff measurement. Carbon dioxide (CO2) evolved during incubation (115 days) of runoff samples was fitted to a first-order decomposition model to derive MinC. Annual soil (6.2 Mg ha(-1)) and organic C (113.8 kg C ha(-1)) losses were twice as much in the DT-LI than in the other watersheds (<2.7 Mg soil ha(-1), <60 kg C ha(-1)). More than management practices, rainfall class (based on intensity and energy) was a better controller of sediment C concentration and biodegradability. Sediment collected during the low-intensity (fall/winter) storms contained more organic C (37 g C kg(-1)) and MinC (30-40% of sediment C) than materials displaced during the high-intensity summer storms (22.1 g C kg(-1) and 13%, respectively). These results suggest a more selective detachment and sorting of labile C fractions during low-intensity storms. However, despite the control of low-intensity storm on sediment C concentration and quality, increased soil loss with high-energy rainfall suggests that a few infrequent but high-energy storms could determine the overall impact of erosional events,on terrestrial C cycling. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USDA ARS, N Appalachian Expt Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. RP Jacinthe, PA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd,210 Kottman Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM jacinthe.1@osu.edu RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 NR 31 TC 87 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 77 IS 2 BP 111 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.still.2003.11.004 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 819XR UT WOS:000221350100001 ER PT J AU Liu, TX Chu, CC AF Liu, TX Chu, CC TI Comparison of absolute estimates of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) with field visual counting and sticky traps in onion field in south Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; COLOR; GREENHOUSE; CUCUMBER AB Absolute estimates of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, on onions were used to determine the reliability of field visual counting, and blue and white plastic cup traps and CC traps for monitoring thrips in onion fields. It took >140 min to sample one plant for the absolute estimates of thrips, which was approximate to15-fold longer than needed to sample one plant by field visual counting, and 3.8- and 4.3-fold longer than processing a sample using a plastic cup trap or a CC trap sample, respectively. Results indicated that adult thrips comprised approximate to16.4 and 15.8% of total thrips in the absolute estimates and field visual counting, respectively, and were well correlated with total thrips in each sampling method (r = 0.81 and 0.73, respectively). Total thrips and adults by field visual counting estimated approximate to75% of total thrips and approximate to78% of adults of the absolute estimates, and were highly correlated with the absolute estimates (r = 0.98 and 0.95, respectively). Blue plastic cup traps caught the most thrips (19-23 thrips/trap/day), followed by white plastic cup traps (10-12 thrips/trap/day), compared with <1 adult thrips/trap/day on CC traps. Adults caught on the sticky traps were not well correlated with numbers of thrips on onion plants in the field (r = 0.07-0.61). Field visual counting of either all thrips or only adults on onion plants was quick and provided >95% precision. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable IPM Lab, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Liu, TX (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Vegetable IPM Lab, 2415 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 83 EP 89 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 846PJ UT WOS:000223327600001 ER PT J AU Chu, CC Chen, TY Henneberry, TJ AF Chu, CC Chen, TY Henneberry, TJ TI Adult whiteflies (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae), and whitefly parasitoids (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) response to cool white fluorescent light powered by alternating or direct current SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article AB Attraction of Bemisa tabaci biotype B (Gennadius), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), and Trialeurodes abutilonea (Haldeman) whiteflies and Eretmocerus eremicus (Rose and Zolnerowich) and Encarsia formosa (Gahan) whitefly parasitoids to alternating or direct electrical current powered light sources was studied in a dark room. Fewer adults of all whitefly species were caught on Tanglefoot(R) coated transparent plastic cards placed between a whitefly release chamber and the direct current powered white fluorescent lights compared with alternating current powered fluorescent lights. Differences in catches of whitefly parasitoids in response to lights powered by alternating or direct current were not significantly different. C1 USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, PWA, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Chu, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, PWA, 4135 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 111 EP 116 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 846PJ UT WOS:000223327600004 ER PT J AU Showler, AT Setamou, M AF Showler, AT Setamou, M TI Effects of kaolin particle film on selected arthropod populations in cotton in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CURCULIONIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; SUPPRESSION; ATTRACTION; COLEOPTERA; PEAR AB Leaf counts and dvac sampling indicated that cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, populations increased in kaolin-treated cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., plots compared to kaolin-free control plots, but cicadellid populations were suppressed. Populations of dipterans, Orius spp., and wasps were reduced in the kaolin treatments only on one of 10 sampling dates over two seasons (2000, 2001). Foliar kaolin sprays had no effect on other arthropod groups identified in this study (silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring; herbivorous hemipterans and coleopterans; thrips; lepidopteran larvae; Geocoris spp.; Nabis spp.; reduviids; coccinellids; Collops spp.; neuropterans; and spiders). C1 USDA ARS, SARC, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Showler, AT (reprint author), USDA ARS, SARC, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 137 EP 146 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 846PJ UT WOS:000223327600007 ER PT J AU Elzen, GW AF Elzen, GW TI Laboratory toxicity of insecticide residues to sweetpotato whitefly (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) eggs, nymphs and adults on sweet potato, cabbage, and cotton SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; BEMISIA AB Eggs, nymphs, and adults of the sweetpotato whitefly biotype B, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), were exposed to selected insecticides and insect growth regulators using a foliar insecticide residue bioassay. Thiamethoxam, chlorfenapyr, and imidacloprid were more efficacious materials on B. tabaci eggs on sweet potato than on cabbage or cotton. Imidacloprid was much more effective than other treatments against eggs on cabbage; tebufenozide and imidacloprid were more effective treatments on cotton than on cabbage or sweet potato. The insect growth regulator tebufenozide was more effective against nymphs than eggs. Similarly, most of the insecticides were more effective against adults on all host plants than against eggs. However, several treatments were less effective against adults on cotton versus sweet potato and cabbage. C1 USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Elzen, GW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 29 IS 2 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 846PJ UT WOS:000223327600008 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM Yao, J Nunez, A AF Cardamone, JM Yao, J Nunez, A TI DCCA shrinkproofing of wool - Part I: Importance of antichlorination SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Dichlorodicyanuric acid (DCCA) is one of the oldest chlorination reagents for imparting shrinkage resistance to wool. It is commonly used in the Hercosett(R) shrink-proof process in which certain reactive and cationic polymeric resins are applied to wool. We further investigate the use Of DCCA and the importance of the subsequent antichlorination step to document the ensuing changes in fiber morphology and fabric properties. we use DCCA alone in a range of concentrations from 5 to 40% owf. Treatments with 5% applied at 30degreesC for 60 minutes from a citric acid buffered system, pH 4, followed by antichlorination with hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen bisulfite show small increases in alkali solubility and in bursting strength. Less than 2% chlorine is detected in 5 and 20% DCCA/antichlorinated spent baths. The 5% DCCA/hydrogen peroxide treatment improves shrinkage resistance by 54% and whiteness by 63% when compared to untreated fabrics. Structural changes in the exocuticle increase with increasing DCCA concentrations to the point of complete scale smoothing. Following the extent of oxidation with a broad range Of DCCA concentrations and the effect of antichorination on 5 and 20% DCCA treatments provides useful information for designing alternative systems to control shrinkage. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Cardamone, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM jcardamone@arserrc.gov NR 17 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 74 IS 6 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1177/004051750407400616 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 831JK UT WOS:000222190500016 ER PT J AU Song, QJ Marek, LF Shoemaker, RC Lark, KG Concibido, VC Delannay, X Specht, JE Cregan, PB AF Song, QJ Marek, LF Shoemaker, RC Lark, KG Concibido, VC Delannay, X Specht, JE Cregan, PB TI A new integrated genetic linkage map of the soybean SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE REPEAT DNA; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SSR-MARKERS; GENOME; POLYMORPHISMS; BARLEY; CULTIVARS; LIBRARIES AB A total of 391 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers designed from genomic DNA libraries, 24 derived from existing GenBank genes or ESTs, and five derived from bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) end sequences were developed. In contrast to SSRs derived from EST sequences, those derived from genomic libraries were a superior source of polymorphic markers, given that the mean number of tandem repeats in the former was significantly less than that of the latter (P<0.01). The 420 newly developed SSRs were mapped in one or more of five soybean mapping populations: 'Minsoy' x 'Noir 1', 'Minsoy' x 'Archer', 'Archer' x 'Noir 1', 'Clark' x 'Harosoy', and A81-356022 x PI468916. The JoinMap software package was used to combine the five maps into an integrated genetic map spanning 2,523.6 cM of Kosambi map distance across 20 linkage groups that contained 1,849 markers, including 1,015 SSRs, 709 RFLPs, 73 RAPDs, 24 classical traits, six AFLPs, ten isozymes, and 12 others. The number of new SSR markers added to each linkage group ranged from 12 to 29. In the integrated map, the ratio of SSR marker number to linkage group map distance did not differ among 18 of the 20 linkage groups; however, the SSRs were not uniformly spaced over a linkage group, clusters of SSRs with very limited recombination were frequently present. These clusters of SSRs may be indicative of gene-rich regions of soybean, as has been suggested by a number of recent studies, indicating the significant association of genes and SSRs. Development of SSR markers from map-referenced BAC clones was a very effective means of targeting markers to marker-scarce positions in the genome. C1 ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, USDA ARS, CICG, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Cregan, PB (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM creganp@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 476 Z9 645 U1 8 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 109 IS 1 BP 122 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s00122-004-1602-3 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 827XF UT WOS:000221936300014 PM 14991109 ER PT J AU Kern, CC Friend, AL Johnson, JMF Coleman, MD AF Kern, CC Friend, AL Johnson, JMF Coleman, MD TI Fine root dynamics in a developing Populus deltoides plantation SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cottonwood; fine root production; nitrogen fertilizer; root longevity; short rotation woody crops; stand development ID BELOWGROUND CARBON ALLOCATION; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SOIL-N AVAILABILITY; NORWAY SPRUCE STAND; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DOUGLAS-FIR; LIFE-SPAN; NUTRIENT APPLICATIONS AB A closely spaced (1 x 1 m) cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) plantation was established to evaluate the effects of nutrient availability on fine root dynamics. Slow-release fertilizer (17:6:12 N,P,K plus micronutrients) was applied to 225-m(2) plots at 0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha(-1), and plots were monitored for two growing seasons. Fine root production, mortality, live root standing crop and life span were analyzed based on monthly minirhizotron observations. Fine root biomass was measured in soil cores. Fine root dynamics were controlled more by temporal, depth and root diameter factors than by fertilization. Cumulative fine root production and mortality showed strong seasonal patterns; production was greatest in the middle of the growing season and mortality was greatest after the growing season. Small diameter roots at shallow soil depths cycled more rapidly than larger or deeper roots. The strongest treatment effects were found in the most rapidly cycling roots. The standing crop of live roots increased with fertilizer treatment according to both minirhizotron and soil coring methods. However, production and mortality had unique treatment response patterns. Although cumulative mortality decreased in response to increased fertilization, cumulative production was intermediate at 0 kg N ha(-1), lowest with 50 kg N ha(-1), and highest with 200 kg N ha(-1). Aboveground growth responded positively to fertilization up to an application rate of 50 kg N ha(-1), but no further increases in growth were observed despite a threefold increase in application rate. Median fine root life span varied from 307 to over 700 days and increased with depth, diameter and nutrient availability. C1 USDA Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. USDA Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29801 USA. RP Kern, CC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, 1831 Hwy169 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM cckern@fs.fed.us RI Kern, Christel/B-4847-2012; Coleman, Mark/A-6741-2013; OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 NR 65 TC 36 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 25 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 24 IS 6 BP 651 EP 660 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 828HQ UT WOS:000221964800006 PM 15059765 ER PT J AU Stenger, DC French, R AF Stenger, DC French, R TI Functional replacement of Wheat streak mosaic virus HC-Pro with the corresponding cistron from a diverse array of viruses in the family Potyviridae SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HC-Pro; cistron; Potyviridae ID HELPER COMPONENT-PROTEINASE; LONG-DISTANCE MOVEMENT; TOBACCO ETCH POTYVIRUS; VIRAL SUPPRESSOR; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GENOME AMPLIFICATION; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; RNA-POLYMERASE; CENTRAL DOMAIN; PLANT-VIRUSES AB Helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) of Wheat streak mosaic virus strain Sidney 81 (WSMV-Sidney 81) was systematically replaced with the corresponding cistron derived from four strains of WSMV (Type, TK1, CZ, and E1 BatAn 3), the tritimovirus Oat necrotic mottle virus (ONMV), the rymoviruses Agropyron mosaic virus (AgMV) and Hordeum mosaic virus (HoMV), or the potyviruses Tobacco etch virus (TEV) and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). These HC-Pro proteins varied in amino acid sequence identity shared with HC-Pro of WSMV-Sidney 81 from high (strains of WSMV at similar to86-99%) to moderate (ONMV at 70%) to low (rymoviruses and potyviruses at similar to15-17%). Surprisingly, all chimeric viral genomes examined were capable of systemic infection of wheat upon inoculation with RNA transcripts produced in vitro. HC-Pro replacements derived from tritimoviruses did not alter host range relative to WSMV-Sidney 8 1, as each of these chimeric viruses was able to systemically infect wheat, oat, and corn line SDp2. These results indicate that differences in host range among tritimoviruses, including the inability of ONMV to infect wheat or the inability of WSMV strains Type and El Batan 3 to infect SDp2 com, are not determined by HC-Pro. In contrast, all chimeric viruses bearing HC-Pro replacements derived from rymoviruses or potyviruses were unable to infect SDp2 com and oat. Collectively, these results indicate that HC-Pro from distantly related virus species of the family Potvviridae are competent to provide WSMV-Sidney 81 with all functions necessary for infection of a permissive host (wheat) and that virus-host interactions required for systemic infection of oat and SDp2 com are more stringent. Changes in symptom severity or mechanical transmission efficiency observed for some chimeric viruses further suggest that HC-Pro affects virulence in WSMV Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Stenger, DC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 344 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM dstenger@unlnotes.unl.edu NR 53 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JUN 1 PY 2004 VL 323 IS 2 BP 257 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2004.03.014 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 830RL UT WOS:000222140500009 PM 15193921 ER PT J AU Dorr, B King, DT Tobin, ME Harrel, JB Smith, PL AF Dorr, B King, DT Tobin, ME Harrel, JB Smith, PL TI Double-crested cormorant movements in relation to aquaculture in eastern Mississippi and western Alabama SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE catfish; cormorants; Iclalurus punctatis; Phalacrocorax auritus; radio-telemetry; roost dispersal; roost harassment; predation ID DELTA REGION; PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS; ROOST HARASSMENT; WINTER ROOSTS; POPULATION AB Concomitant with increasing numbers of the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), catfish producers in eastern Mississippi and western Alabama have reported damage caused by cormorant predation. VHF telemetry was used to document movements of 25 cormorants from all known night roosts in the aquaculture producing areas of eastern Mississippi and western Alabama, January-April 1998. A total of 193 day locations and 396 night roost locations of the cormorants were obtained. Each cormorant was found in the study area for 57 +/- 4 (SE) days. Each cormorant averaged three night roosts (range: 1-8) and spent 20 (+/-2) days at each night roost site. Over 95% of cormorant day locations were within 19 km oftheir night roosts. Catfish pond use by cormorants varied between roost sites. Cormorants from five of eleven night roosts had greater than or equal to 30% of subsequent daytime locations on catfish ponds and birds from five of tire six remaining night roosts did not visit catfish ponds on the following day. Foraging distance and frequency of night roost interchange was less for birds in this study than those reported from other aquaculture regions. We Suggest roost harassment efforts should be Focused on specific roost sites and some roost sites should serve as unharrassed refugia front which cormorants are less likely to cause damage to aquaculture. C1 USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi Field Stn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Alabama Fish Farming Ctr, Greensboro, AL 36744 USA. RP Dorr, B (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi Field Stn, PO Drawer 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM brian.s.door@aphis.usda.gov OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 NR 35 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD JUN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 2 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1675/1524-4695(2004)027[0147:DCMIRT]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 828VE UT WOS:000222000900004 ER PT J AU Fenech, AS Lochmann, SE Radomski, AA AF Fenech, AS Lochmann, SE Radomski, AA TI Seasonal diets of male and female double-crested cormorants from an oxbow lake in Arkansas, USA SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE Arkansas; diet; double-crested cormorants; oxbow lake; Phalacrocorax aurilus; preference; season ID DELTA REGION; CATFISH INDUSTRY; MISSISSIPPI; DEPREDATION; HABITAT; IMPACT; FOOD AB Diets were examined and analyzed for 418 wintering Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) collected from January to mid-April 2061 and October to December 2001 at an oxbow lake in southeast Arkansas. The fish community was also sampled to examine prey availability. Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and Yellow Bass (Morone mississippiensis) were the most important species in cormorant diet. Other, less important, cormorant prey species included Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), cyprinids (minnows), and sunfishes (Lepomis spp.). Diet varied by season and sex. Cormorants consumed higher proportions of cyprinids and Channel Catfish in the autumn than the remainder of the over-wintering period. In general, females consumed Gizzard Shad more than males, while males consumed Channel Catfish more than females. Neither genders consumed notable amounts of sport fish. Prey size did not differ between the sexes, but did vary by season. These data demonstrate the relative importance of forage and rough fish and the lesser relative importance of sport fish in the diet of cormorants over-wintering on an oxbow lake ill Southeast Arkansas. C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Aquaculture Fisheries, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. USDA ARS, HK Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Fenech, AS (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Aquaculture Fisheries, 1200 N Univ Dr,Mail Slot 4912, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. EM slochmann@uaex.edu NR 24 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD JUN PY 2004 VL 27 IS 2 BP 170 EP 176 DI 10.1675/1524-4695(2004)027[0170:SDOMAF]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 828VE UT WOS:000222000900007 ER PT J AU Teels, BM Mazanti, LE Rewa, CA AF Teels, BM Mazanti, LE Rewa, CA TI Using an IBI to assess effectiveness of mitigation measures to replace loss of a wetland-stream ecosystem SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE beaver pond; fish assemblage; index of biotic integrity; inundation effects; mitigation; wetland assessment; wetland condition; wetland impairment; Virginia ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY; QUALITY; INDEX; FISH AB Approximately 7.3 hectares of wetlands, composed of six separate cells, were created to mitigate the loss of a 6-hectare, beaver-influenced, wetland-stream complex destroyed by the construction of a multipurpose impoundment in the Cedar Run watershed in Fauquier County, Virginia, USA. The mitigation action physically replaced the lost wetlands and was judged successful in meeting planned objectives and regulatory requirements (which did not include standards for biota). A pre-project fish survey conducted in 1974 in the wetland-stream complex and three nearby streams provided a baseline condition from which to assess project impacts on fish, as determined from yearly surveys in the cells and the stream reach immediately upstream. In addition, fish communities were sampled at 157 stream locations within the northern Virginia Piedmont from 1997 to 1999 to establish a regional Index of Biotic Integrity (1131) based on fish assemblages. A modification of that IBI was developed to assess the effectiveness of the mitigation based on 22 stream segments that were heavily influenced by beaver. Pre- and post-project conditions were assessed by gauging them against the wetland-stream complexes using this IBI. The IBI score for the mitigation area dropped from the pre-project 34 to 18 the first year after construction and ranged from 18 to 28 over the ten-year post-project monitoring period. A reduction in the number of native species was observed, and there was a dramatic shift in composition and relative abundance within key species groups. In general, the mitigation benefited species favoring lentic environments over those preferring lotic environments and had negative effects on trophic and habitat specialists and less tolerant species. Scores for the mitigation cells were lower than scores for the original wetlands for the following IBI metrics: number of darter species, number of minnow species, percent of the assemblage comprised of the single most dominant species, percent of tolerant individuals, percent of benthic invertivores, and percent of specialist carnivores minus tolerants. Upstream reach IBI scores also diminished over the same 10-year period, although more gradually. The IBI showed that, despite meeting all regulatory requirements, the mitigation failed to replace the original fish community in the wetland-stream complex and adversely impacted additional stream habitat. Using tools such as an IBI to monitor biological condition can help planners effectively mitigate unavoidable project impacts and avoid the unintended loss of important natural resources caused by compensatory mitigation actions. C1 USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Wetland Sci Inst, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Wildlife Habitat Management Inst, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Teels, BM (reprint author), USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Wetland Sci Inst, 12311 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2004 VL 24 IS 2 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0375:UAITAE]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 835LO UT WOS:000222485000011 ER PT J AU Jones, KL Roundy, BA Shaw, NL Taylor, JR AF Jones, KL Roundy, BA Shaw, NL Taylor, JR TI Environmental effects on germination of Carex utriculata and Carex nebrascensis relative to riparian restoration SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE seed dormancy; sedge; revegetation; wetlands; chilling; perigynia; temperature; light; over-wintering ID SEED-GERMINATION; LIGHT; TEMPERATURE; SEDGE AB Seasonal riparian seedbed temperatures were measured and germination of Carex utriculata and C nebrascensis seeds was tested in relation to chilling, perigynia removal, incubation temperature, and light to help guide propagation and direct seeding of these species for riparian restoration. Diurnal temperatures of riparian seedbeds at two sites in Strawberry Valley, Utah, USA ranged from 3.1 to 11.2degrees C in May to 9.5 to 24.1degrees C in August when water was generally available for seed germination. Pre-incubation treatments of chilling at 5degrees C for 7 to 150 days and perigynia removal increased germination of 2-year-old seeds of these species but were not necessary for high germination percentages (>89%) when seeds were incubated in light under a summer temperature regime (10 to 24degrees C). Seeds aged 0.5 and 1.5 years had lower germination percentages than 2-year-old seed but also had adequate germination percentages (> 20%) for greenhouse propagation without pre-treatments when incubated in light at the summer temperature regime. After 5.5 years of storage at room temperatures, germination of C. utriculata was negligible, but that of C nebrascensis was >35%. Seeds of both species that were overwintered in seed bags in riparian microsites had high germination percentages (>80%) when retrieved the following summer and incubated at a summer temperature regime in light. Although direct seeding in fall would allow natural chilling and potentially high germination percentages the following spring or summer, the risk of seed loss or excessive burial is great during high spring stream flows. A better strategy is to surface-seed wet seedbeds in early summer after peak flows have receded and temperature and light conditions are conducive to high germination percentages. C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aquat Sci Lab, USDA, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Roundy, BA (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, 401 WIDB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 13 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2004 VL 24 IS 2 BP 467 EP 479 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2004)024[0467:EEOGOC]2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 835LO UT WOS:000222485000020 ER PT J AU Taylor, N Knight, JE Short, JJ AF Taylor, N Knight, JE Short, JJ TI Fall cattle grazing versus mowing to increase big-game forage SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Cervus elaphus; elk; Festuca scabrella; mowing; mule deer; Odocoileus hemionus; prescribed cattle grazing; rough fescue ID BLUEBUNCH WHEATGRASS; WINTER RANGE; MULE DEER; ELK; QUALITY; SWARD; DEFOLIATION; REMOVAL AB The effects of 3 levels of mowing and cattle (Bos taurus) grazing were examined on rough fescue (Festuca scabrella) range on the Blackfoot Clearwater Wildlife Management Area in west-central Montana. Treatments were implemented in enclosures during the fall of 1997 and 1998 at 50%, 70%, and 90% removal of herbaceous standing crop. Elk (Cervus elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) forage measurements were obtained in spring and summer on standing dead vegetation, green grass and forb biomass, total biomass, and percent live vegetation, and compared between mowing and prescribed cattle grazing at the same removal level. At the 50% mowing level, there was increased (P<0.05) availability of grass and biomass in the spring, with increased standing dead and decreased percent live vegetation in the summer. At the 70% mowing level, there was increased standing dead and grass and decreased percent live vegetation available to elk and mule deer in the spring when compared with the same level of grazing (P<0.05). At the 90% mowing level, there was decreased availability of grass and total biomass during spring and summer (P<0.05). Results indicated that at moderate (50%) levels of vegetation removal, fall mowing might be adequate to increase grass and total biomass availability in the spring, but fall grazing by cattle might remove more standing dead material, leaving more nutritious plants available to wildlife in the summer. Fall mowing at 70% removal might provide more grass for wildlife in the spring, but reduces percent live vegetation and leaves more standing dead when compared to fall cattle grazing. This would make it more difficult for wildlife to select preferred forage in the spring, when nutrition is needed for calf and fawn production. Fall cattle grazing might be a better tool to use at the 90% level, since mowing removes more grass and total biomass, leaving reduced vegetation for elk and mule deer. C1 US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Mountain City, NV 89831 USA. Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RP Knight, JE (reprint author), US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Mountain City, NV 89831 USA. EM jknight@montana.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[449:FCGVMT]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 838GP UT WOS:000222701800015 ER PT J AU Jones, JC Dorr, B AF Jones, JC Dorr, B TI Habitat associations of gopher tortoise burrows on industrial timberlands SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE endangered species; gopher tortoise; Gopherus polyphemus; herpetofauna; longleaf pine ecosystem; Pinus palustris; reptiles; threatened species; tortoise ID SLASH PINE; POLYPHEMUS AB The western population of the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1987 due to extensive population declines. Declines have been linked to site conversion of native pine (Pinus spp.) forests for urban development, agriculture, and commercial forest management. We conducted surveys to detect tortoise burrows on corporate timberlands in southern Mississippi and southwestern Alabama during summer 1994. We surveyed 2,759 0.5-ha strip transects on soil types of 9 different suitability categories for gopher tortoises. We found 460 active and 264 abandoned burrows on the 1,380 ha surveyed. Edaphic and vegetative conditions, such as sandy soils and total and midstory canopy coverage, influenced gopher tortoise occurrence. Logistic regression analyses revealed that active burrow occurrence was related positively to deep, sandy soils and related negatively to total canopy closure and fine loam soils with limited sand content. Abandoned burrow occurrence was related positively to increasing midstory canopy closure and selected soil types. Sandy soils and open overstory canopy that created favorable burrowing, nesting, and foraging conditions were important influences in active burrow occurrence. Vegetation management techniques, such as prescribed fire, midstory control, and intermediate forest stand thinning, are recommended on gopher tortoise conservation areas and connective corridor habitats on commercial timberlands. We theorize that restoration of longleaf pine (P. palustris) forests on sandy ridges can produce desirable core habitats and dispersal corridors for gopher tortoises in landscapes dominated by intensively managed pine plantations. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Jones, JC (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jjones@cfr.msstate.edu OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 456 EP 464 DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[456:HAOGTB]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 838GP UT WOS:000222701800016 ER PT J AU Gilsdorf, JM Hygnstrom, SE VerCauteren, KC Clements, GM Blankenship, EE Engeman, RM AF Gilsdorf, JM Hygnstrom, SE VerCauteren, KC Clements, GM Blankenship, EE Engeman, RM TI Evaluation of a deer-activated bio-acoustic frightening device for reducing deer damage in cornfields SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE animal damage control; bio-acoustics; corn; distress calls; frightening devices; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer; wildlife damage management ID WILDLIFE DAMAGE; MANAGEMENT; SOUND; CORN; DETERRENTS; AREAS AB Deer (Odocoileus spp.) can cause substantial damage to agricultural crops, resulting in economic losses for producers. We developed a deer-activated bio-acoustic frightening device to reduce white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) damage in agricultural fields. The device consisted of an infrared detection system that activated an audio component which broadcast recorded distress and alarm calls of deer. We tested the device against unprotected controls in cornfields during the silking-tasseling stage of growth in July 2001. The device was not effective in reducing damage: track-count indices (F-1,F-4 = 0.02, P = 0.892), corn yield (F-1,F-9 = 1.27, P = 0.289), and estimated damage levels (F-1,F-10 = 0.87, P = 0.374) did not differ between experimental and control fields. The size (F-2,F-26 = 1.00, P = 0.380), location (F-2,F-25 = 0.39, P = 0.684), and percent overlap (F-2,F-25 = 0.20, P = 0.818) of use-areas of radiomarked female deer did not differ between during- and after-treatment periods. We concluded that the deer-activated bio-acoustic device was not effective in protecting cornfields in this study; however, the device may be more effective in small areas such as gardens or for high-value crops that do not grow tall enough to offer protective cover. C1 Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Biometry, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gilsdorf, JM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, 202 Nat Resources Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jgilsdorf2@unl.edu NR 44 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 515 EP 523 DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[515:EOADBF]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 838GP UT WOS:000222701800023 ER PT J AU Gilsdorf, JM Hygnstrom, SE VerCauteren, KC Blankenship, EE Engeman, RM AF Gilsdorf, JM Hygnstrom, SE VerCauteren, KC Blankenship, EE Engeman, RM TI Propane exploders and Electronic Guards were ineffective at reducing deer damage in cornfields SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE animal damage control; Electronic Guard; frightening devices; Odocoileus virginianus; propane exploder; white-tailed deer; wildlife damage management ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; WILDLIFE DAMAGE; HOME RANGES; MANAGEMENT; CORN; AREAS AB White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) cause millions of dollars of damage to agricultural crops annually. We tested the effectiveness of propane exploders and Electronic Guards (Pocatello Supply Depot, Pocatello, Id.) for reducing deer damage in cornfields during the silking-tasseling stage of growth. Track-count indices (F-2,F-7 = 0.70, P = 0.532) corn yields (F-2,F-6 = 0-14, P = 0.873), and estimated damage levels (F-2,F-12 = 1.45 P = 0.272) did not differ between experimental and control fields. The size (F-2,F-11 = 0.08, P = 0.924), location (F-2,F-9 = 0.30, P = 0.750), and percent overlap (F-2,F-9 = 0.46, P = 0.644) of use-areas of radiomarked female deer in the vicinity of experimental fields did not differ among before, during, and after 18-day treatment periods. In a related study, we placed propane exploders in cornfields within use-areas of 12 radiomarked female deer. The deer did not react appreciably to the devices: the size (F-2,F-17 = 0.08, P = 0.921), location (F-2,F-22 = 1.37, P = 0.275), and percent overlap (F-2,F-10 = 0.47, P = 0.636) of deer use-areas did not differ among before, during, and after 14-day treatment periods. We conclude that propane exploders and Electronic Guards have limited potential for reducing deer damage to corn at the silking-tasseling stage. C1 Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Biometry, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gilsdorf, JM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, 202 Nat Resources Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jgilsdorf2@unl.edu NR 35 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0091-7648 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SUM PY 2004 VL 32 IS 2 BP 524 EP 531 DI 10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[524:PEAEGW]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 838GP UT WOS:000222701800024 ER PT J AU Park, SY Kim, WK Birkhold, SG Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC AF Park, SY Kim, WK Birkhold, SG Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Ricke, SC TI Induced moulting issues and alternative dietary strategies for the egg industry in the United States SO WORLDS POULTRY SCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE induced moulting; egg production; bone remodelling; alternative moulting diets ID WHITE LEGHORN HENS; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION; LOW-SALT DIET; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; LOW-SODIUM DIETS; CELLS IN-VITRO; LAYING HENS; GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; CAGED LAYERS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE AB The United States (U.S.) poultry industry continues to implement induced moulting to extend egg production in commercial laying flocks. Achieving an optimal moult requires dietary manipulation to cause a complete regression of the reproductive organs and cessation of egg production. This is followed by rejuvenation and initiation of an additional egg laying cycle. Currently feed withdrawal is the primary means to initiate moult and is regarded as an optimal approach for achieving postmoult performance. However, removal of feed can lead to potential physiological stress in laying hens as well as an increased susceptibility to Salmonella enteritidis colonization and invasion. To retain the ecological benefits of induced moult will require development, testing and implementation of alternative dietary approaches that minimizes these problems and increase the egg production and egg quality benefits associated with the additional egg laying cycles. Strategies for accomplishing this are discussed. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Ricke, SC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM sricke@poultry.tamu.edu NR 145 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU WORLDS POULTRY SCI ASSOC PI BEEKBERGEN PA CENTRE APPLIED POULTRY RES, HET SPELDERHOLT, POSTBUS 31, 7360 AA BEEKBERGEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0043-9339 J9 WORLD POULTRY SCI J JI Worlds Poult. Sci. J. PD JUN PY 2004 VL 60 IS 2 BP 196 EP 209 DI 10.1079/WPS200313 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 834AF UT WOS:000222382900005 ER PT J AU Byers, JA AF Byers, JA TI Equations for nickel-chromium wire heaters of column transfer lines in gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE transfer line heaters; column heaters; nickel-chromium wire; GC-EAD; electroantennogram; computer software; helix; semiochemicals ID SEX-PHEROMONE COMMUNICATION; INSECT PHEROMONES; TOMICUS-PINIPERDA; BARK BEETLES; IDENTIFICATION; MOTH; LEPIDOPTERA; SEMIOCHEMICALS; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE AB Heating of chrornatographic columns. transfer lines. and other devices is often required in neuroscience research. For example, volatile compounds passing through a capillary column of a gas chromatograph (GC) can be split, with half exiting the instrument through a heated transfer line to an insect antenna or olfactory sensillum for electroantennographic detector (GC-EAD) recordings. The heated transfer line is used to prevent condensation of various chemicals in the capillary that would otherwise occur at room temperature. Construction of such a transfer line heater is described using (80/20%) nickel-chromium heating wire wrapped in a helical coil and powered by a 120/220V ac rheostat. Algorithms were developed in a computer program to estimate the voltage at which a rheostat should be set to obtain the desired heater temperature for a specific coil. The coil attributes (radius, width, number of loops, or length of each loop) are input by the user, as well as AWG size of heating wire and desired heater temperature. The program calculates total length of wire in the helix, resistance of the wire, amperage used, and the voltage to set the rheostat. A discussion of semiochemical isolation methods using the GC-EAD and bioassays is presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Byers, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, 4135 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM jbyers@wcrl.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD MAY 30 PY 2004 VL 135 IS 1-2 BP 89 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.12.004 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 813DG UT WOS:000220887200011 PM 15020093 ER PT J AU Gobster, PH Westphal, LM AF Gobster, PH Westphal, LM TI The human dimensions of urban greenways: planning for recreation and related experiences SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE greenways; human dimensions; multi-method research design; Chicago; cleanliness; naturalness; aesthetics; safety; access; appropriateness of development ID INNER-CITY; PERCEPTION; SAFETY; ENVIRONMENT; PREFERENCE; LANDSCAPES; HOME; VIEW AB In this paper, we summarize findings from a series of interrelated studies that examine an urban greenway, the 150 mile Chicago River corridor in Chicago, USA, from multiple perspectives, stakeholder viewpoints, and methodological techniques. Six interdependent "human dimensions" of greenways are identified in the studies: cleanliness, naturalness, aesthetics, safety, access, and appropriateness of development. Together, these dimensions form a core set of concerns relating to how people perceive and use the greenway for recreation and related experiences. While these dimensions show good consistency across our studies and are supported by the literature in the field, the quantitative and qualitative methods used also uncovered a rich variation in how the dimensions are construed by different stakeholder groups and along different reaches of the corridor. Using local demonstration projects from along the corridor, we illustrate how principles inherent in each dimension can be applied to improve the success of greenways through design, management, or programming. We conclude by discussing the applicability of these dimensions and methods of study to understand other urban and non-urban greenways, and suggest how the findings from such studies can be used to inform greenways planning, policy, and management. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Gobster, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, USDA, 1033 Univ Pl,Suite 360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM pgobster@fs.fed.us RI Gobster, Paul/A-2826-2013 OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 57 TC 87 Z9 97 U1 12 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD MAY 30 PY 2004 VL 68 IS 2-3 BP 147 EP 165 DI 10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00162-2 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 806LW UT WOS:000220436400002 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Salant, H Sreekumar, C Dahl, E Vianna, MCB Shen, SK Kwok, OCH Spira, D Hamburger, J Lehmann, TV AF Dubey, JP Salant, H Sreekumar, C Dahl, E Vianna, MCB Shen, SK Kwok, OCH Spira, D Hamburger, J Lehmann, TV TI High prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in a commercial flock of chickens in Israel, and public health implications of free-range farming SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; toxoplasmosis; isolation; chickens; Gallus domesticus; Israel; genotyping ID OOCYSTS; BRAZIL; RESPONSES; EGYPT; DUCKS; INDIA; CATS AB Little is known of the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commercially raised chickens. In the present study, the prevalence of T. gondii in 96 free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) from a commercial farm in Israel was assessed. Blood, heart, and brain from each chicken were examined for T. gondii infection. Antibodies to T. gondii, assayed with the modified agglutination test (MAT greater than or equal to 1:5), were found in 45 of the 96 chickens. Hearts and brains of seropositive (MAT greater than or equal to 1:5) chickens were bioassayed in mice. Additionally, hearts and brains of 51 seronegative (MAT < 1:5) chickens were bioassayed in two T. gondii-free cats. T. gondii was isolated from 19 of the 45 (42.2%) seropositive chickens by bioassay in mice. Both the cats fed tissues pooled from seronegative chickens shed T. gondii oocysts. Tachyzoites and tissue cysts of all 21 isolates of T. gondii from chickens were avirulent for mice. Seventeen of the 19 isolates genotyped were found to be type II, and 2 were type III. Understanding of the sources of infection on such farms could be the key to the development of better prevention strategies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Sch Med, Dept Parasitol, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC E,Bldg 1001,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov OI Chirukandoth, Sreekumar/0000-0003-2875-4034 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 26 PY 2004 VL 121 IS 3-4 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.03.004 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 824LS UT WOS:000221688700015 PM 15135872 ER PT J AU Kundu, S Blouin, GC Premer, SA Sarath, G Olson, JS Hargrove, MS AF Kundu, S Blouin, GC Premer, SA Sarath, G Olson, JS Hargrove, MS TI Tyrosine B10 inhibits stabilization of bound carbon monoxide and oxygen in soybean leghemoglobin SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SPERM-WHALE MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMIC PROTEIN STRUCTURES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; DISTAL HISTIDINE MUTANTS; BOVINE HEART MYOGLOBIN; HEME POCKET CONFORMERS; LIGAND-BINDING SITE; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; STRETCHING FREQUENCY; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN AB Detailed comparisons of the carbon monoxide FTIR spectra and ligand-binding properties of a library of E7, E11, and B10 mutants indicate significant differences in the role of electrostatic interactions in the distal pockets of wild-type sperm whale myoglobin and soybean leghemoglobin. In myoglobin, strong hydrogen bonds from several closely related conformations of the distal histidine (His(E7)) side chain preferentially stabilize bound oxygen. In leghemoglobin, the imidazole side chain of His(E7) is confined to a single conformation, which only weakly hydrogen bonds to bound ligands. The phenol side chain of Tyr(B10) appears to "fix" the position of His(17), probably by donating a hydrogen bond to the Ndelta atom of the imidazole side chain. The proximal pocket of leghemoglobin is designed to favor strong coordination bonds between the heme iron and axial ligands. Thus, high oxygen affinity in leghemoglobin is established by a favorable staggered geometry of the proximal histidine. The interaction between His(E7) and Tyr(B10) prevents overstabilization of bound oxygen. If hydrogen bonding from His(E7) were as strong as it is in mammalian myoglobin, the resultant ultrahigh affinity of leghemoglobin would prevent oxygen transport in root nodules. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Rice Univ, WM Keck Ctr Computat Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68502 USA. USDA, Lincoln, NE 68502 USA. RP Hargrove, MS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM msh@iastate.edu OI Olson, John/0000-0002-0760-5403 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 47020]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 35649, GM08280] NR 63 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 25 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 20 BP 6241 EP 6252 DI 10.1021/bi049848g PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 822JN UT WOS:000221535400034 PM 15147208 ER PT J AU Simmons, RB AF Simmons, RB TI Description of Sphecosoma pattiannae, new species, with comments on its novel male androconia (Lepidoptera : Arctiidae : Arctiinae : Euchromiini) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Arctiidae; Euchromiini; Sphecosoma; new species; androconia; mimicry AB A new species of the mimetic tiger moth genus Sphecosoma, S. pattiannae Simmons sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The presumed sister species, S. tarsalis (Walker), is redescribed with illustrations of the male and female genitalia. These two species bear a novel androconial structure, which is a dorsal pouch at the base of the genitalia; this structure is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic placement of S. tarsalis and S. pattiannae within Sphecosoma Butler is discussed, with male and female genital comparisons to S. cognatum (Walker). C1 Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Inst Plant Sci, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Simmons, RB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Inst Plant Sci, Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012,Nat Hist Bldg,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 24 PY 2004 IS 519 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 869LW UT WOS:000224985900001 ER PT J AU Bender, S Alverson, J Herrmann, LM O'Rourke, KI AF Bender, S Alverson, J Herrmann, LM O'Rourke, KI TI Histamine as an aid to biopsy of third eyelid lymphoid tissue in sheep SO VETERINARY RECORD LA English DT Article ID SCRAPIE; DIAGNOSIS; PROTEIN C1 USDA, ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Navajo Nation Vet Program, Chinle, AZ 86503 USA. RP Alverson, J (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH VETERINARY ASSOC PI LONDON PA 7 MANSFIELD ST, LONDON W1M 0AT, ENGLAND SN 0042-4900 J9 VET REC JI Vet. Rec. PD MAY 22 PY 2004 VL 154 IS 21 BP 662 EP 663 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 832ZJ UT WOS:000222305900014 PM 15198315 ER PT J AU Kovalev, VA AF Kovalev, VA TI Distortions of the extinction coefficient profile caused by systematic errors in lidar data SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID LASER-RADAR EQUATION; CROSSOVER FUNCTION; BOUNDARY-VALUE; FORM-FACTOR; INVERSION; ATMOSPHERE; RATIO AB The influence of lidar data systematic errors on the retrieved particulate extinction coefficient profile in clear atmospheres is investigated. Particularly, two sources of the extinction coefficient profile distortions are analyzed: (1) a zero-line offset remaining after subtraction of an inaccurately determined signal background component and (2) a far-end incomplete overlap due to poor adjustment of the lidar system optics. Inversion results for simulated lidar signals, obtained with the near- and far-end solutions, are presented that show advantages of the near-end solution for clear atmospheres. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Kovalev, VA (reprint author), USDA, Fire Sci Lab, POB 8089, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM vkovalev@fs.fed.us NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 20 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 15 BP 3191 EP 3198 DI 10.1364/AO.43.003191 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 822GX UT WOS:000221528200029 PM 15176212 ER PT J AU Turner, DP Ollinger, S Smith, ML Krankina, O Gregory, M AF Turner, DP Ollinger, S Smith, ML Krankina, O Gregory, M TI Scaling net primary production to a MODIS footprint in support of Earth observing system product validation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY; LEAF-AREA INDEX; LANDSAT TM DATA; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; WESTERN OREGON; BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES AB Release of an annual global terrestrial net primary production (NPP) data layer has begun in association with the Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, a component of the NASA Earth Observing System. The task of validating this product will be complicated by the mismatch in scale between ground-based NPP measurements and the coarse resolution (1 km) of the NPP product. In this paper we describe three relevant approaches to scaling NPP from the plot level to the approximately 25-km 2 footprint of the sensor, and discuss issues associated with operational comparisons to the MODIS NPP product. All approaches revealed considerable spatial heterogeneity in NPP at scales less than the resolution of the MODIS NPP product. The effort to characterize uncertainty in the validation data layers indicated the importance of treating the combination of classification error, sampling error, and measurement error. Generally, the optimal procedure for scaling NPP to a MODIS footprint will depend on local vegetation type, the scale of spatial heterogeneity, and available resources. In all approaches, high resolution remote sensing can play a critical role in characterizing land cover and relevant biophysical variables. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Turner, DP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Peavy Hall 154, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM david.turner@oregonstate.edu RI Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014 OI Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431 NR 81 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAY 20 PY 2004 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1961 EP 1979 DI 10.1080/0143116031000150013 PG 19 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 810QJ UT WOS:000220718500010 ER PT J AU Selling, GW Sessa, DJ Palmquist, DE AF Selling, GW Sessa, DJ Palmquist, DE TI Effect of water and tri(ethylene) glycol on the rheological properties of zein SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE zein; plasticizer; rheometry ID PROTEINS; BLENDS; POLYCARBONATE; RHEOMETER; FIBERS; MAIZE AB Before conducting larger scale studies utilizing highly concentrated zein blends on an extruder, it is advisable to carry out experiments on a torque rheometer. Water and tri(ethylene glycol) (TEG) are known plasticizers for zein, however, the effects these materials have on zein rheology has not been studied using a torque rheometer. The amount of each plasticizer in zein was varied between 5 and 30%. It was demonstrated that water and TEG interact differently with zein. When the amount of water was above 10% at 90degreesC, torque increased rapidly. With TEG, torque increased linearly with time and only at 120degreesC did the rapid torque increase occur. Multiple torque increases for zein mixtures were observed, suggesting that processes that increase viscosity are an on-going process. Significant cross-linking is not the main source for the increased torque. The energy of activation of flow was determined when using 20% TEG. A model was developed relating %water, %TEG, temperature and rpm with initial torque. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Biometr Serv, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM sellingg@ncaur.usda.gov NR 30 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAY 20 PY 2004 VL 45 IS 12 BP 4249 EP 4255 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.097 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 825SQ UT WOS:000221779000028 ER PT J AU Baccini, A Friedl, MA Woodcock, CE Warbington, R AF Baccini, A Friedl, MA Woodcock, CE Warbington, R TI Forest biomass estimation over regional scales using multisource data SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED ADDITIVE-MODELS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; STRUCTURAL ATTRIBUTES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; LANDSAT; TERRAIN; VARIABLES; IMAGERY; CARBON; USA AB A combination of statistical models and multisource data were used to map above-ground forest biomass for National Forest lands in California. To do this, data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectoradiometer were used in combination with precipitation, temperature, and elevation data. The results show that coarse resolution remotely sensed data in combination with relevant topographic and climate data can be used to map aboveground biomass with good accuracy over large areas. For the data sets considered, empirical models based on a 2 percent sample explained 73 percent of the variance in biomass in the remaining 98 percent of the data with a root mean square error of 44.4 tons/ha. These results suggest that it should be feasible to improve estimates of above-ground carbon stocks at regional to continental scales in the near future. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Geog, Boston, MA 02215 USA. US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Baccini, A (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Geog, 675 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM abaccini@bu.edu NR 28 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 10 AR L10501 DI 10.1029/2004GL019782 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 823KB UT WOS:000221609500001 ER PT J AU Lee, KR Kozukue, N Han, JS Park, JH Chang, EY Baek, EJ Chang, JS Friedman, M AF Lee, KR Kozukue, N Han, JS Park, JH Chang, EY Baek, EJ Chang, JS Friedman, M TI Glycoalkaloids and metabolites inhibit the growth of human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE colon cancer cells; liver cancer cells; growth inhibition; glycoalkaloids; structure-activity relationships ID ALPHA-TOMATINE CONTENT; POTATO GLYCOALKALOIDS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; SOLASODINE GLYCOSIDES; ACTIVE-TRANSPORT; FROG EMBRYOS; PLANT; SOLAMARGINE; ANTICANCER; CHACONINE AB As part of an effort to improve plant-derived foods such as potatoes, eggplants, and tomatoes, the antiproliferative activities against human colon (HT29) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells of a series of structurally related individual compounds were examined using a microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The objective was to assess the roles of the carbohydrate side chain and aglycon part of Solanum glycosides in influencing inhibitory activities of these compounds. Evaluations were carried out with four concentrations each (0.1, 1, 10, and 100,mug/mL) of the the potato trisaccharide glycoalkaloids alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine; the disaccharides beta(1)-chaconine, beta(2)-chaconine, and beta(2)-solanine; the monosaccharide gamma-chaconine and their common aglycon solanidine; the tetrasaccharide potato glycoalkaloid dehydrocommersonine; the potato aglycon demissidine; the tetrasaccharide tomato glycoalkaloid alpha-tomatine, the trisaccharide beta(1)-tomatine, the disaccharide gamma-tomatine, the monosaccharide delta-tomatine, and their common aglycon tomatidine; the eggplant glycoalkaloids solamargine and solasonine and their common aglycon solasodine; and the nonsteroidal alkaloid jervine. All compounds were active in the assay, with the glycoalkaloids being the most active and the hydrolysis products less so. The effectiveness against the liver cells was greater than against the colon cells. Potencies of alpha-tomatine and alpha-chaconine at a concentration of 1 mug/mL against the liver carcinoma cells were higher than those observed with the anticancer drugs doxorubicin and camptothecin. Because alpha-chaconine, alpha-solanine, and alpha-tomatine also inhibited normal human liver HeLa (Chang) cells, safety considerations should guide the use of these compounds as preventative or therapeutic treatments against carcinomas. C1 USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Yeungnam Univ, Coll Human Ecol & Kinesiol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM mfried@pw.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 42 TC 128 Z9 143 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2832 EP 2839 DI 10.1021/jf030526d PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500015 PM 15137822 ER PT J AU Bojja, RS Cerny, RL Proctor, RH Du, LC AF Bojja, RS Cerny, RL Proctor, RH Du, LC TI Determining the biosynthetic sequence in the early steps the fumonisin pathway by use of three gene-disruption mutants of Fusarium verticillioides SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fumonisin; Fusarium verticillioides; mycotoxin; biosynthesis ID GIBBERELLA-MONILIFORMIS; MYCOTOXINS; B-1 AB Fumonisins are polyketide-derived mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides, a fungal pathogen of corn plants. Although a gene cluster for the biosynthesis of fumonisins has been cloned, the biosynthetic pathway is still not clear. We have used three gene-disrupted mutants, designated DeltaFUM1, DeltaFUM6, and DeltaFUM8, to study the early steps of the pathway. Fumonisins were not produced in single-strain cultures of the DeltaFUM1, DeltaFUM6, and DeltaFUM8 mutants. However, fumonisins were produced by DeltaFUM1 or DeltaFUM8 mutants when they were cocultured with the DeltaFUM6 mutant. No fumonisins were produced when the DeltaFUM1 and DeltaFUM8 mutants were cocultured. These results suggest that the DeltaFUM6 mutant produces a fumonisin intermediate that can be further metabolized by fumonisin biosynthetic enzymes in the DeltaFUM1 and DeltaFUM8 mutants. To isolate the potential intermediates produced by DeltaFUM6, we followed a time course of cocultures of the DeltaFUM1 and DeltaFUM6 and the DeltaFUM8 and DeltaFUM6 mutants. Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric data suggested that metabolites having the general carbon skeleton of fumonisins with 1-4 hydroxyl groups were accumulated over a 7-day period. These results indicate that fumonisin biosynthesis starts with Fum1p-catalyzed carbon-chain assembly followed by the Fum8p-catalyzed alanine condensation. The resulting product then can be further oxidized by Fum6p and other enzymes. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Du, LC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM ldu@unlserve.unl.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA36727]; NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR 15635] NR 20 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2855 EP 2860 DI 10.1021/jf035429z PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500018 PM 15137825 ER PT J AU Kurowska, EA Manthey, JA AF Kurowska, EA Manthey, JA TI Hypolipidemic effects and absorption of citrus polymethoxylated flavones in hamsters with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2003 Meeting CY APR 11-15, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE polymethoxylated flavones; cholesterol; triacylglycerols; hamster; tangeretin metabolites; serum; liver; urine ID HEPATOCYTE APO-B; ORANGE JUICE; METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL; NARINGENIN; SECRETION; HESPERETIN; TANGERETIN; HESPERIDIN; CELLS AB Formulations containing citrus polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs), mainly tangeretin, or citrus flavanone glucosides, hesperidin and naringin, were evaluated for cholesterol-lowering potential in hamsters with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. PMF metabolites were also investigated. Diets containing 1 % PMFs significantly reduced serum total and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) + LDL cholesterol (by 19-27 and 32-40%, respectively) and either reduced or tended to reduce serum triacylglycerols. Comparable reductions were achieved by feeding a 3% mixture of hesperidin and naringin (1:1, w/w), implying lower hypolipidemic potency of the hesperidin/naringin vs PMFs. HPLC-MS analysis identified high serum, liver, and urine concentrations of tangeretin metabolites including dihydroxytrimethoxyflavone and monohydroxytetramethoxyflavone glucuronides and aglycones. Total liver concentrations of tangeretin derivatives corresponded to hypolipidemic concentrations of intact tangeretin in earlier experiments in vitro. This suggests that PMFs are novel flavonoids with cholesterol- and triacylglycerol-lowering potential and that elevated levels of PMF metabolites in the liver might be directly responsible for their hypolipidemic effects in vivo. C1 KGK Synergize Inc, London, ON N6A 5R8, Canada. USDA ARS, SAA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Kurowska, EA (reprint author), KGK Synergize Inc, Suite 1030,1 London Pl,255 Queens Ave, London, ON N6A 5R8, Canada. EM kurowska@kgksynergize.com NR 32 TC 125 Z9 143 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2879 EP 2886 DI 10.1021/jf035354z PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500022 PM 15137829 ER PT J AU Khrimian, A Oliver, JE Hahn, RC Dees, NH White, J Mastro, VC AF Khrimian, A Oliver, JE Hahn, RC Dees, NH White, J Mastro, VC TI Improved synthesis and deployment of (2S,3R)-2-(2Z,5Z-octadienyl)-3-nonyloxirane, a pheromone of the pink moth, Lymantria mathura SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE pink moth; Lymantria mathura; (2S,3R)-2-(2Z,5Z-octadienyl)-3-nonyloxirane; (3Z,6Z,9S,10R)-9,10-epoxy-3,6-nonadecadiene; pheromone; syntheses ID OPTICALLY-ACTIVE PHEROMONES; FEMALE SEX-PHEROMONE; GYPSY-MOTH; ASYMMETRIC EPOXIDATION; HOMOALLYLIC EPOXIDES; SATIN MOTH; EPOXY RING; ENANTIOMERS; COMPONENTS; REARRANGEMENT AB We report two new syntheses of (2S,3R)-2-(2Z5Z-octadienyl)-3-nonyloxirane, the main sex pheromone component of the pink moth, Lymantria mathura. The key step in the first route was the construction of (Z,Z)-1-bromo-1,4-heptadiene (6), which was coupled in the final step with 2-iodomethyl-3-nonyloxirane 4 via a Grignard reaction. The second approach employed alkylation of 1,4-heptadiynyllithium with epoxy triflates 7 in ether/hexane and provided the pheromone in greater than or equal to37% overall yield from alcohol 2. The 4:1 ratio of pheromone enantiomers, reportedly the most attractive to pink moth males, can be directly crafted from appropriately selected Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation conditions. C1 USDA ARS, PSI, BARC W, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. Scentry Biol Inc, Billings, MT 59102 USA. RP Khrimian, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, BARC W, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM khrimiaa@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2890 EP 2895 DI 10.1021/jf035506q PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500024 PM 15137831 ER PT J AU Zheng, W Yates, SR Guo, MX Papiernik, SK Kim, JH AF Zheng, W Yates, SR Guo, MX Papiernik, SK Kim, JH TI Transformation of chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene by metam sodium in a combined application of fumigants SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fumigant; metam sodium; chloropicrin; 1,3-dichloropropene; transformation; simultaneous and sequential application ID SUBSTITUTION-REACTIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; METHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; BISULFIDE HS; SOIL; BROMIDE; DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION AB Combined application of fumigants is a potential strategy to replace methyl bromide in the control of soil-borne pests. Unfortunately, abiotic and biotic interactions among fumigants restrict some combined application approaches. In this study, the kinetics and mechanisms of reaction between metam sodium (sodium methyidithiocarbamate) and the halogenated fumigants chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane) and 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) were investigated in aqueous solution. For chloropicrin, an extremely rapid oxidation-reduction process occurred in the presence of metam sodium. The second-order rate constant for the reaction between chloropicrin and metam sodium was approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater than that for the reaction between 1,3-D isomers and metam sodium. Transformation of 1,3-D by metam sodium was associated with an aliphatic S(N)2 nucleophilic substitution process. The nucleophilic reaction of cis-1,3-D with metam sodium was significantly faster than that of the trans isomer and was correlated with a lower reaction activation energy for the cis isomer in the transition state. Combining Telone C-35 (65% 1,3-D and 35% chloropicrin) and metam sodium in solution might yield some nucleophilic sulfur species, which played an important role in the dissipation of 1,3-D. The incompatibility of chloropicrin and 1,3-D with metam sodium was also examined in soil under different application scenarios. Simultaneous application of metam sodium with chloropicrin or 1,3-D accelerated the transformation of the two halogenated fumigants, reducing their availability in soil. A sequential strategy for multiple fumigants was developed, which could be applied without the loss of active ingredient that occurs due to the reaction between fumigants. The proposed methodology may enhance pest control while maintaining environmental protection. C1 USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. Kyungsan Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Kyungsan 712240, South Korea. RP Zheng, W (reprint author), USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Wzheng@ussl.ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 3002 EP 3009 DI 10.1021/jf0498564 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500039 PM 15137846 ER PT J AU Isleib, TG Pattee, HE Giesbrecht, FG AF Isleib, TG Pattee, HE Giesbrecht, FG TI Oil, sugar, and starch characteristics in peanut breeding lines selected for low and high oil content and their combining ability SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE general combining ability; GCA; specific combining ability; SCA; maternal effect; reciprocal effect ID SHRIVELED SEED TRAIT; PROTEIN AB Peanut seeds contain approximately 50% oil on a dry weight basis, making them a high fat food. Reduction of the oil content would make peanuts a more desirable food to fat conscious consumers. Removal of existing oil by processing is not feasible for in-shell peanuts, the dominant product of the North Carolina-Virginia area. To reduce oil content in in-shell peanuts, a genetic solution must be found. However, while reduced oil content is a desirable objective, changes in oil must not be accompanied by significant decreases in any of the desirable aspects of peanut flavor. Because the impact of selection for low or high oil on flavor is not known, it would be useful to know in what form dry matter is being stored in the seed, particularly if it is not being stored as oil. Screening of 584 accessions identified two lines (PI 269723 and PI 315608) with high and two (Robusto 2 and Robusto 3) with low oil contents, each pair differing in sugar content. The four parents were crossed in diallel fashion to investigate patterns of inheritance. General combining abilities (GCA) for oil content closely followed values of the parental lines. One low oil parent (Robusto 2) had a correspondingly elevated GCA for sugar content, but neither low oil parent had the effect of elevating starch in progeny. Reciprocal cross differences were found for starch and sugar contents, suggesting influences of cytoplasmic genes on those traits. These lines serve as resource material for researchers interested in the genetic and physiological aspects of the oil-sugar-starch relationship in peanuts. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Pattee, HE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Bot, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM harold_pattee@ncsu.edu NR 17 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 19 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 10 BP 3165 EP 3168 DI 10.1021/jf035465y PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 820WE UT WOS:000221419500063 PM 15137870 ER PT J AU Running, MP Lavy, M Sternberg, H Galichet, A Gruissem, W Hake, S Ori, N Yalovsky, S AF Running, MP Lavy, M Sternberg, H Galichet, A Gruissem, W Hake, S Ori, N Yalovsky, S TI Enlarged meristems and delayed growth in plp mutants result from lack of CaaX prenyltransferases SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GERANYLGERANYLTRANSFERASE TYPE-I; ARABIDOPSIS SHOOT MERISTEM; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; STEM-CELL FATE; FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS; PROTEIN FARNESYLTRANSFERASE; GERANYLGERANYLATED RHOB; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; APICAL MERISTEM; GENE ENCODES AB Meristems require a myriad of intercellular signaling pathways for coordination of cell division within and between functional zones and clonal cell layers. This control of cell division ensures a constant availability of stem cells throughout the life span of the meristem while limiting overproliferation of meristematic cells and maintaining the meristem structure. We have undertaken a genetic screen to identify additional components of meristem signaling pathways. We identified pluripetala (plp) mutants based on their dramatically larger meristems and increased floral organ number. PLURIPETALA encodes the a-subunit shared between protein farnesyltransferase and protein geranylgeranyltransferase-1. plp mutants also have altered abscisic acid responses and overall much slower growth rate. plp is epistatic to mutations in the beta-subunit of farnesyltransferase and shows a synergistic interaction with clavata3 mutants. plp mutants lead to insights into the mechanism of meristem homeostasis and provide a unique in vivo system for studying the functional role of prenylation in eukaryotes. C1 ETH Zentrum, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Plant Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Plant Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA, ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr, Smith Inst Plant Sci & Genet Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Gruissem, W (reprint author), ETH Zentrum, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Plant Sci, Univ Str 2, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM maizesh@nature.berkeley.edu; wilhelm.gruissem@ipw.biol.ethz.ch; ori@agri.huji.ac.il; shauly@tauex.tau.ac.il NR 68 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 18 PY 2004 VL 101 IS 20 BP 7815 EP 7820 DI 10.1073/pnas.0402385101 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 822GW UT WOS:000221528100059 PM 15128936 ER PT J AU Fanta, GF Felker, FC Shogren, RL AF Fanta, GF Felker, FC Shogren, RL TI Graft polymerization of acrylonitrile onto spherocrystals formed from jet cooked cornstarch SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE starch; amylose; polyacrylonitrile; graft copolymer; spherocrystal; crystallite ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SPHERULITIC CRYSTALLIZATION; INCLUSION COMPLEXES; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; MAIZE STARCH; POLYACRYLONITRILE; AMYLOSE AB Ceric ammonium nitrate-initiated graft polymerizations of acrylonitrile (AN) onto spherocrystals formed in slowly-cooled solutions of jet-cooked cornstarch yielded graft copolymers containing higher percentages of grafted polyacrylonitrile (PAN) than comparable polymers prepared from granular cornstarch. Weight percentages of PAN in grafted spherocrystals, prior to extraction with dimethylformamide to remove ungrafted PAN, were over 60% when 2.0 g of AN per gram of polysaccharide was used, and were about 55% with 1.5 g of AN. Copolymers prepared from the small (toroidal) and large (spherical) spherocrystals contained similar amounts of grafted PAN. Molecular weights of PAN in grafted spherocrystals were higher by about a factor of six than the PAN molecular weight in grafted granular cornstarch. The calculated number of anhydroglucose units separating each PAN graft was also higher for the spherocrystal graft copolymers, indicating that the higher percentage of grafted PAN in the spherocrystal polymers (relative to grafted granular cornstarch) was due to the higher molecular weight of grafted PAN and not to a greater number of grafts on the starch backbone. Gross morphologies of the cornstarch granules and spherocrystals used as starting materials were maintained after graft polymerization. Moreover, the PAN particles remaining after starch was removed by acid hydrolysis were similar in appearance to their respective graft copolymers. PAN-grafted cornstarch granules and PAN-grafted spherocrystals both exhibited birefringence patterns similar to those of the un-grafted starting materials, although the patterns were less clear. Bireffingence patterns of PAN particles remaining after removal of the starch moiety were also similar. X-ray diffraction patterns of PANgrafted spherocrystals were similar to those of the un-grafted starting materials; however, the major amylose reflections of the 6(1) V-helical pattern occurred at slightly higher angles, and the amylose peak intensities were smaller. When ethanol was used to wash the PAN-grafted large (spherical) particles, the 7(1) V-helical pattern was converted to the 6(1) V-helical pattern exhibited by the PAN-grafted small (toroidal) particles. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Fanta, GF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM fantagf@ncaur.usda.gov NR 14 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD MAY 17 PY 2004 VL 56 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2003.12.004 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 820CR UT WOS:000221364700011 ER PT J AU Chitko-McKown, CG Fox, JM Miller, LC Heaton, MP Bono, JL Keen, JE Grosse, WM Laegreid, WW AF Chitko-McKown, CG Fox, JM Miller, LC Heaton, MP Bono, JL Keen, JE Grosse, WM Laegreid, WW TI Gene expression profiling of bovine macrophages in response to Escherichia coli O157 : H7 lipopolysaccharide SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157 : H7; macrophage; microarray; cross-species hybridization; bovine; real-time quantitative PCR; LPS; gene expression ID RHOPTRY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-1; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; T-CELL-CLONES; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; BABESIA-BOVIS; CYTOKINE; CATTLE; HELPER; INTERLEUKIN-10; ENDOTOXIN AB The aim of this study was to identify changes in bovine macrophage gene expression in response to treatment with Escherichia coli O157:H7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), utilizing a human gene microarray. Bovine cDNA from control and LPS-treated primary macrophages hybridized to greater than 5644 (79.8%) of the non-control gene targets on a commercially available microarray containing greater than 7075 targets (Incyte Genomics, St. Louis, MO). Of these target sequences, 44 were differentially expressed upon exposure to LPS, including 18 genes not previously reported to exist in cattle. These included a pentaxin-related gene, CASP8, TNF-induced genes, interferon-induced genes, and inhibitors of apoptosis. Using the human microarray, cDNA from bovine LPS-treated and control macrophages consistently hybridized to targets known to be expressed constitutively by macrophages, as expected given, the predicted cDNA sequence homology. That this human system was accurately estimating levels of bovine transcripts was further verified by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTQ-PCR) using bovine-specific primers. This first report of bovine-human cross-species expression profiling by microarray hybridization demonstrates the utility of this technique in bovine gene expression and discovery, Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, MARC, Clay Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Chitko-McKown, CG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, MARC, Clay Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM mckown@email.marc.usda.gov OI Miller, Laura/0000-0002-8946-9416 NR 35 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD MAY 17 PY 2004 VL 28 IS 6 BP 635 EP 645 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2003.10.002 PG 11 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 805ET UT WOS:000220350300008 PM 15177116 ER PT J AU Binkley, D Stape, JL Ryan, MG AF Binkley, D Stape, JL Ryan, MG TI Thinking about efficiency of resource use in forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO International Conference on Eucalypt Productivity CY NOV 10-15, 2002 CL Hobart, AUSTRALIA SP IUFRO DE Eucalyptus plantations; forest light interception; leaf area index; resource-use efficiency ID LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY; EUCALYPTUS; TREES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; AVAILABILITY; CONDUCTANCE; PLANTATIONS; GROWTH; LIMITS; MODEL AB The growth of forests can be described as a function of the supply of resources, the proportion of resources captured by trees, and the efficiency with which trees use resources to fix carbon dioxide. This function can be modified to explain wood production by subtracting the allocation of biomass to other tissues and to respiration. At the scale of leaves and seconds, rates of net photosynthesis typically show declining marginal gains with increasing rates of light absorption and transpiration. However, these trends may not represent those that occur at the scale of forests and years, owing to more complete biomass accounting (including costs of synthesis and maintenance of tissues), interactions among resources, and adaptation of biomass partitioning to optimize resource capture and use. Patterns in the growth of forests, across environmental gradients or silvicultural treatments, demonstrate that the efficiency of resource use at the scale of forests and years can increase with increasing rates of resource use. Case studies from Eucalyptus plantations indicate that more productive sites tend to have higher efficiency of resource use than less productive sites, and silvicultural treatments may increase both resource supplies and efficiency of resource use. The questions raised here apply to all forests, but the level of confidence in our general conclusions remains limited by the small number of studies available with complete estimates of rates of resource use and production. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Binkley, D (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM dan@cnr.colostate.edu RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 28 TC 125 Z9 134 U1 5 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 17 PY 2004 VL 193 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.019 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 821XK UT WOS:000221496500002 ER PT J AU Stape, JL Binkley, D Ryan, MG AF Stape, JL Binkley, D Ryan, MG TI Eucalyptus production and the supply, use and efficiency of use of water, light and nitrogen across a geographic gradient in Brazil SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO International Conference on Eucalypt Productivity CY NOV 10-15, 2002 CL Hobart, AUSTRALIA SP IUFRO DE forest carbon sequestration; limiting resources; resource-use efficiency ID ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; STOMATAL CONTROL; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; PINUS-RADIATA; GLOBULUS; MODEL; GROWTH; PLANTATIONS; IRRIGATION AB Millions of hectares of Eucalyptus are intensively managed for wood production in the tropics, but little is known about the physiological processes that control growth and their regulation. We examined the main environmental factors controlling growth and resource use across a geographic gradient with clonal E. grandis x urophylla in north-eastern Brazil. Rates of production and resource use were estimated for 14 stands that spanned a four-fold range in production. The supply of water appeared to be the most limiting resource in these fertilized plantations. Above-ground net primary production (ANPP) increased by 2.3 Mg ha(-1) per year for each 100 mm per year increase in rainfall. Higher water supply was also associated with increased use of light and nitrogen (N). The efficiency of resource use (ANPP per unit of resource used) increased with increasing productivity along the gradient. The most efficient stands produced 3.21 kg ANPP m(-3) of transpired water, 1.14 kg ANPP GJ(-1) absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and 381 kg ANPP kg(-1) N taken up. The stands with high resource use and high efficiency also had lower mean vapor pressure deficits, less soil water stress, and smaller coarse root to above-ground biomass ratios. Our study indicates that the productivity of fertilized tropical plantations of Eucalyptus is most likely constrained by water supply, and that water supply substantially affects the efficiency of resource use as well as biomass allocation to roots, stems, and leaves. At a regional scale, our results indicate that high productivity stands could produce wood in a 6-year rotation on half the land area required for low productivity stands, using only half as much water. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, CNPq, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Sci, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Sci, Natl Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Stape, JL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, CNPq, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. EM stape@esalq.usp.br RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 66 TC 122 Z9 129 U1 4 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 17 PY 2004 VL 193 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.020 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 821XK UT WOS:000221496500003 ER PT J AU Stape, JL Ryan, MG Binkley, D AF Stape, JL Ryan, MG Binkley, D TI Testing the utility of the 3-PG model for growth of Eucalyptus grandis X urophylla with natural and manipulated supplies of water and nutrients SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IUFRO International Conference on Eucalypt Productivity CY NOV 10-15, 2002 CL Hobart, AUSTRIA SP IUFRO DE Eucalyptus grandis X urophylla; forest carbon; forest productivity; forest simulation model; gross primary production ID FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; LOBLOLLY-PINE; CARBON ALLOCATION; USE EFFICIENCY; PLANTATIONS; ECOSYSTEM; CANOPY; MANAGEMENT; GLOBULUS; BALANCE AB The productivity of fast-growing tropical plantations depends, in part, on the ability of trees to obtain and utilize site resources, and the allocation of fixed carbon (C) to wood production. Simulation models can represent these processes and interactions, but the value of these models depends on their ability to improve predictions of stand growth relative to simpler empirical approaches. We evaluated the 3-PG process-based model for simulating the response of Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla to changes in soil fertility and climate. This was done by calibrating the model with a complete C budget from an irrigated plantation, and then validating the model using independent data based on 2 years of growth from 40 pairs of fertilized and unfertilized stands. The 3-PG predictions were tested against actual production, and against a classic, empirical approach to estimating stand yield. The 3-PG parameter for site fertility was based on an objective fertilization response from the paired-plots. The 3-PG model responded well to the range of soil and climatic conditions during calibration, and was particularly sensitive to estimates of leaf area index. Actual wood production for the 40 validation stands ranged from 2 to 51 Mg ha(-1) per year, compared with model estimates of 10-42 Mg ha(-1) per year (r(2) = 0.78). Both 3-PG and the empirical model provided good estimates of wood production for average conditions, but 3-PG successfully represented the wet years and dry years that were not differentiated in the empirical model. This sensitivity of 3-PG to climate may be very useful for the prediction of wood production during short rotations, where a few years of unusual weather may strongly influence yield. Process-based models can play an important role in improving the management of these almost-agricultural forests, especially in regions with high rainfall variability. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Sao Paulo, CNPq, Dept Forest Sci, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Sci, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Stape, JL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, CNPq, Dept Forest Sci, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. EM stape@esalq.usp.br RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738 NR 53 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 17 PY 2004 VL 193 IS 1-2 BP 219 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.031 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 821XK UT WOS:000221496500015 ER PT J AU Frebortova, J Fraaije, MW Galuszka, P Sebela, M Pec, P Hrbac, J Novak, O Bilyeu, KD English, JT Frebort, I AF Frebortova, J Fraaije, MW Galuszka, P Sebela, M Pec, P Hrbac, J Novak, O Bilyeu, KD English, JT Frebort, I TI Catalytic reaction of cytokinin dehydrogenase: preference for quinones as electron acceptors SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cytokinin dehydrogenase (cytokinin oxidase); cytokinin; flavoprotein; plant hormone metabolism; quinone ID VANILLYL-ALCOHOL OXIDASE; HYDROGEN-BOND; FLAVOPROTEIN; ENZYME; MAIZE; OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE; PURIFICATION; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; MECHANISM AB The catalytic reaction of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.99.12) was studied in detail using the recombinant flavoenzyme from maize. Determination of the redox potential of the covalently linked flavin cofactor revealed a relatively high potential dictating the type of electron acceptor that can be used by the enzyme. Using 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol, 2,3-dimethoxy-5methyl-1,4-benzoquinone or 1,4-naphthoquinone as electron acceptor, turnover rates with N-6-(2-isopentenyl)adenine of approx. 150 s(-1) could be obtained. This suggests that the natural electron acceptor of the enzyme is quite probably a p-quinone or similar compound. By using the stopped-flow technique, it was found that the enzyme is rapidly reduced by N-6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (k(red) = 950 s(-1)). Re-oxidation of the reduced enzyme by molecular oxygen is too slow to be of physiological relevance, confirming its classification as a dehydrogenase. Furthermore, it was established for the first time that the enzyme is capable of degrading aromatic cytokinins, although at low reaction rates. As a result, the enzyme displays a dual catalytic mode for oxidative degradation of cytokinins: a low-rate and low-substrate specificity reaction with oxygen as the electron acceptor, and high activity and strict specificity for isopentenyladenine and analogous cytokinins with some specific electron acceptors. C1 Palacky Univ, Inst Expt Bot, Acad Sci, Fac Sci,Lab Growth Regulators, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. Univ Groningen, Biochem Lab, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Div Mol Biol, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biochem, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Frebort, I (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Inst Expt Bot, Acad Sci, Fac Sci,Lab Growth Regulators, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. EM frebort@prfholnt.upol.cz RI Hrbac, Jan/A-1007-2009; Fraaije, Marco/E-8421-2014; Frebortova, Jitka/H-2435-2014; Novak, Ondrej/F-7031-2014 OI Novak, Ondrej/0000-0003-3452-0154 NR 42 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 20 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 380 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1042/BJ20031813 PN 1 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 825DA UT WOS:000221735000013 PM 14965342 ER PT J AU White, LA AF White, LA TI Preparation and thermal analysis of cotton-clay nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nanocomposites; flame retardance ID FLAME-RETARDANT COTTON; CELLULOSE; HYBRID; FABRICS; SOLVENT AB Nanocomposites were produced from cotton with montmorillonite clay used as the nanofiller material. Three exfoliation and intercalation methods with different solvents and clay pretreatment techniques were tested for the production of these organic-inorganic hybrids. The method that resulted in superior clay-cotton nanocomposites used a clay pretreatment with 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide as the cotton solvent. The nanocomposites showed significant improvements in the thermal properties in comparison with unbleached cotton and cotton processed under the conditions for nanocomposite preparation. The degradation temperature of the nanocomposites increased by 45 degreesC, and the char yields for some compositions were twice those of unbleached cotton. The crystalline melt of the materials decreased by 15 degreesC. Future research will include the development of textiles based on these cotton-clay materials and testing for flame-retardant properties and product strength. 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Text Chem Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP White, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Cotton Text Chem Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM lwhite@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 4 BP 2125 EP 2131 DI 10.1002/app.20159 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 806LK UT WOS:000220435200008 ER PT J AU Broz, A Mooney, B Randall, D Miernyk, J AF Broz, A Mooney, B Randall, D Miernyk, J TI Functional and structural analysis of three distinct forms of PDC E2 in Arabidopsis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C19 EP C19 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100086 ER PT J AU Dudek, E Shang, F Liu, Q Taylor, A AF Dudek, E Shang, F Liu, Q Taylor, A TI Specificity of ubiquitination for oxidatively modified proteins SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C129 EP C129 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100594 ER PT J AU Kennedy, B Ryan, D Champagne, C Harsha, D Newton, R Volaufova, J Bogle, M AF Kennedy, B Ryan, D Champagne, C Harsha, D Newton, R Volaufova, J Bogle, M TI The "Rolling Store": A unique environmental approach to the prevention of weight gain in the residents of the Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C119 EP C119 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100546 ER PT J AU Lee, JY Zhao, L Youn, H Hwang, D AF Lee, JY Zhao, L Youn, H Hwang, D TI Reciprocal modulation of Toll-like receptor-signaling pathways and inflammatory target gene expression by saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C98 EP C99 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100451 ER PT J AU Liu, Q Shang, F Guo, WM Hobbs, M Valverde, P Reddy, V Taylor, A AF Liu, Q Shang, F Guo, WM Hobbs, M Valverde, P Reddy, V Taylor, A TI Regulation of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway in human lens epithelial cells during the cell cycle SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Tufts Univ, Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Michigan, Kellogg Eye Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Guo, Weimin/B-3155-2009 OI Guo, Weimin/0000-0003-4318-7154 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C103 EP C103 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100471 ER PT J AU Sethumadhavan, K Ullah, A AF Sethumadhavan, K Ullah, A TI Unfolding and refolding studies of phyB phytase using dynamic light scattering SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C24 EP C24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100109 ER PT J AU Tovar-Mendez, A Hirani, T Miernyk, J Randall, D AF Tovar-Mendez, A Hirani, T Miernyk, J Randall, D TI Analysis of the catalytic mechanism of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, ARS, Columbia, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C133 EP C133 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100615 ER PT J AU Valverde, P Obin, M Taylor, A AF Valverde, P Obin, M Taylor, A TI Role of Gas6/Axl signaling in lens epithelial cell growth and protection from apoptosis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C162 EP C162 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100748 ER PT J AU Wong, D Batt, S Lee, C Robertson, G AF Wong, D Batt, S Lee, C Robertson, G TI Engineering alpha-amylase for enhanced activity by molecular evolution SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C15 EP C15 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100069 ER PT J AU Zhu, QS Deng, YP Muthukrishnan, S Kramer, KJ AF Zhu, QS Deng, YP Muthukrishnan, S Kramer, KJ TI Identification and characterization of Drosophila and Anopheles chitinase-like proteins and some of their possible physiological functions SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology/8th Congress of the International-Union-for-Biochemistry-and-Molecular-Biology CY JUN 12-16, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc BioChem & Mol Biol, Int Union Biochem & Mol Biol C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Bioinformat Program, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY 14 PY 2004 VL 18 IS 8 SU S BP C13 EP C13 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 823UP UT WOS:000221639100060 ER PT J AU Brown, JW Adamski, D Hodges, RW Bahr, SM AF Brown, JW Adamski, D Hodges, RW Bahr, SM TI Catalog of the type specimens of Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera) in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Gelechioidea; type specimens; catalogue; USNM ID LECITHOCERIDAE AB The collection of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., is second only to that of The Natural History Museum ( formerly British Museum of Natural History), London, in the number of type specimens of the superfamily Gelechioidea ( Lepidoptera). The Smithsonian houses 1,375 gelechioid types: 1,249 holotypes, 48 lectotypes, 1 neotype, 69 species represented by one or more syntypes, and 8 species represented by one or more "pseudotypes" (i.e., specimens identified as "type" by an accompanying label that are unlikely to be the type). Three former curators are responsible for the vast majority of the type specimens: August Busck, J. F. Gates Clarke, and Ronald W. Hodges. We present a list of the species for which a type is deposited in the USNM, organized alphabetically. For each species we provide an abbreviated reference to the original description and label data. This list represents the second contribution to a larger effort to make available information on the Lepidoptera type holdings of the USNM. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Brown, JW (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM jbrown@sel.barc.usda.gov NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 14 PY 2004 IS 510 BP 1 EP 151 PG 151 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 869LJ UT WOS:000224984500001 ER PT J AU Pahlow, M Kovalev, VA Parlange, MB AF Pahlow, M Kovalev, VA Parlange, MB TI Calibration method for multiangle lidar measurements SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT; AEROSOL; BACKSCATTER; SCATTERING; PROFILES; RATIO AB A new method based on a two-angle approach is developed to determine the lidar solution constant from scanning elastic lidar data, hence providing a relative calibration for each lidar scan. Once the solution constant is determined, the vertical profiles of atmospheric extinction can be calculated. With this calibration method a minimization technique is used that replaces the linear regression used in a known two-angle approach that requires only local atmospheric homogeneity over a restricted altitude calibration range rather than overall horizontal homogeneity. Lidar signals from at least one pair of elevation angles are used, averaged in time when the system is operated in a permanent two-angle mode, or an arbitrary number of signal pairs is used, when a two-dimensional lidar scan is being processed. The method is tested extensively with synthetic data. The calibration method is a robust tool for determining the solution constant to the lidar equation and for obtaining vertical profiles of atmospheric extinction. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America. C1 USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Pahlow, M (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM markus.pahlow@noaa.gov RI Parlange, Marc/A-3403-2015; OI Pahlow, Markus/0000-0001-8673-2509 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 10 PY 2004 VL 43 IS 14 BP 2948 EP 2956 DI 10.1364/AO.43.002948 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 819UB UT WOS:000221340200020 PM 15143823 ER PT J AU Holmes, TP Bergstrom, JC Huszar, E Kask, SB Orr, F AF Holmes, TP Bergstrom, JC Huszar, E Kask, SB Orr, F TI Contingent valuation, net marginal benefits, and the scale of riparian ecosystem restoration SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE riparian restoration; contingent valuation; super-additivity; complements in valuation ID SERVICES; SUBSTITUTES; COMPLEMENTS; VALUES AB A study was undertaken to estimate the benefits and costs of riparian restoration projects along the Little Tennessee River in western North Carolina. Restoration benefits were described in terms of five indicators of ecosystem services: abundance of game fish, water clarity, wildlife habitat, allowable water uses, and ecosystem naturalness. A sequence of dichotomous choice contingent valuation questions were presented to local residents to assess household willingness to pay increased county sales taxes for differing amounts of riparian restoration. Results showed that the benefits of ecosystem restoration were a non-linear function of restoration scale and the benefits of full restoration were super-additive. We estimated the costs of riparian restoration activities by collecting and analyzing data from 35 projects in the study area. After adjusting our estimated valuation function for socio-economic characteristics of the local population, the benefit/cost ratio for riparian restoration ranged from 4.03 (for 2 miles of restoration) to 15.65 (for 6 miles of restoration). Riparian restoration in this watershed is therefore an economically feasible investment of public funds at all measured spatial scales. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27701 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. Warren Wilson Coll, Asheville, NC 28815 USA. Rabun Gap Nacoochee Sch, Rabun Gap, GA 30568 USA. RP Holmes, TP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, POB 12254, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27701 USA. EM tholmes@fs.fed.us NR 24 TC 60 Z9 71 U1 7 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD MAY 10 PY 2004 VL 49 IS 1 BP 19 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2003.10.015 PG 12 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 830QG UT WOS:000222137100002 ER PT J AU Abbasi, F Feyen, J van Genuchten, MT AF Abbasi, F Feyen, J van Genuchten, MT TI Two-dimensional simulation of water flow and solute transport below furrows: model calibration and validation SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE water flow; solute transport; furrow irrigation; parameter estimation; simultaneous and sequential parameter estimation ID TRANSIENT FIELD EXPERIMENTS; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; PARAMETER-IDENTIFICATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; INVERSE ESTIMATION; POROUS-MEDIA; SOIL; DISPERSION AB In this study a two-dimensional numerical flow/transport model (HYDRUS-2D) was calibrated and experimentally validated using data from long furrow irrigation experiments. The model was calibrated using data from an experiment carried out assuming free-draining (FD) outlet conditions, and subsequently validated against data from three experiments assuming blocked-end conditions. The data were analyzed using the Richards' equation for variably saturated flow and either the traditional convection-dispersion equation (CDE) or the physical nonequilibrium mobile-immobile (MIM) model for solute transport. Optimization was accomplished by means of Levenberg-Marquardt optimization in combination with the HYDRUS-2D model. Simultaneous and two-step optimization approaches were used to estimate the soil hydraulic and solute transport parameters near the FD furrow inlet and outlet sites. First, the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) and CDE or MIM solute transport parameters were estimated simultaneously. We also used sequential (two-step) estimation in which we first estimated the soil hydraulic parameters followed by estimation of the solute transport parameters. In the two-step method, the saturated soil water content (theta(s)), the n parameter in van Genuchten's soil water retention model, and K-s values were estimated during the first step, and the CDE or MIM solute transport parameters during the second step. Estimated soil hydraulic and solute transport parameters were found to vary substantially between the inlet and outlet sites. Estimated CDE and MIM transport parameters were very similar for both optimization approaches. The two-step method significantly improved predictions of the soil water content during model calibration, while the solute concentration predictions were nearly the same for both approaches, with both not providing a good description of the observed concentrations. Solute data were also analyzed using horizontal averages to somewhat lessen the effects of spatial variability. Horizontally averaged concentration distributions showed better agreement with the predictions. Soil water contents for the three blocked-end experiments during model validation were well predicted. The two-step method produced slightly better agreement with observed data. However, both optimization approaches produced relatively poor agreement between measured and predicted solute concentrations and deep percolation rates. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Land & Water Management, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Feyen, J (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Land & Water Management, Vital Decosterstr 102, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. EM frabbasi@hotmail.com; jan.feyen@agr.kuleuven.ac.be; rvang@ussl.ars.usda.gov RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013; Abbasi, Fariborz/S-4925-2016 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858; Abbasi, Fariborz/0000-0002-0662-7723 NR 35 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAY 10 PY 2004 VL 290 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol2.003.11.028 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 809ZC UT WOS:000220673600004 ER PT J AU Worrall, JJ Sullivan, KF Harrington, TC Steimel, JP AF Worrall, JJ Sullivan, KF Harrington, TC Steimel, JP TI Incidence, host relations and population structure of Armillaria ostoyae in Colorado campgrounds SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forest disease; root; recreation; spruce-fir; mixed conifer; hazard trees ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SOUTHERN INTERIOR; ROOT DISEASE; FOREST; SPREAD AB Armillaria root disease is common and widely distributed in campgrounds of southwestern Colorado. Armillaria ostoyae spreads clonally underground and kills and decays tree roots, causing mortality or predisposing the trees to windthrow. We intensively surveyed and mapped genets (clones) of the pathogen in two campgrounds on the San Juan National Forest and one on Grand Mesa National Forest (GMNF). Three additional campgrounds on the GMNF were also surveyed. Infection (based on mycelium under the bark on or near the root collar) of all sampled live trees was 10.5% (range 7.5-15.0) inside campgrounds and 12.7% (3.3-25.9) immediately outside campgrounds, suggesting that campground construction and management practices have not exacerbated the disease. Dominant trees had significantly greater incidence of infection than trees in other crown classes. Isolates of A. ostoyae were obtained from 379 trees, and genets were identified by somatic incompatibility tests and variation in DNA microsatellite markers. The pathogen occurred as one large genet in the spruce-fir campground and several large genets in each of the mixed conifer campgrounds. Based on the size and distribution of the genets, the campgrounds appeared to be almost completely colonized by mosaics of centuries old genets, and little expansion of genet territories (or disease centers) appeared possible without loss of territory by another genet. The diseased trees in the campgrounds were randomly distributed rather than being organized into discrete disease centers. Live subalpine fir had significantly lower incidence of infection (7.0%) than Engelmann spruce, blue spruce and Douglas-fir (12.0, 12.3 and 15.7%, respectively), but evidence suggests a higher rate of mortality in subalpine fir. Crown thinning and dieback were useful symptoms for detection, but basal resinosis was the most efficient symptom indicating infection. Use of a combination of aboveground symptoms to select trees for more intensive examination is the most efficient approach to detection of infected trees. The disease poses difficult obstacles to long-term management of safe vegetation in developed sites. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Management, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Management, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Worrall, JJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Management, 216 N Colorado St, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. EM jworrall@fs.fed.us RI Worrall, James/G-9496-2011 NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 192 IS 2-3 BP 191 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.009 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 819MF UT WOS:000221318300005 ER PT J AU Rhoades, CC Meier, AJ Rebertus, AJ AF Rhoades, CC Meier, AJ Rebertus, AJ TI Soil properties in fire-consumed log burnout openings in a Missouri oak savanna SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE coarse woody debris; soil nitrogen cycling; fire behavior; prescribed fire; Missouri ozarks ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; HICKORY FOREST; PINE FORESTS; VEGETATION; GROWTH; TREES; AVAILABILITY AB Downed logs are known to increase species diversity in many forest ecosystems by increasing resource and structural complexity and by altering fire behavior in fire-prone ecosystems. In a frequently burned oak savanna in central Missouri, combustion of downed logs formed patches that have remained free of herbaceous vegetation for more than 3 years. To assess the influence of "log burnouts" on soil conditions we compared soil chemical, biological and physical properties in log burnout zones and beneath surrounding herbaceous vegetation. Soil pH and extractable soil NO3-, P, K+ and Ca2+ were all higher in the log burnouts compared to adjacent soil. There was no difference in total soil N or extractable NH4+. An index of plant N availability was lower and the soil C:N ratio was higher in the burnout patches, though the magnitudes of these reductions do not explain the persistence of the bare patches. We suspect that following log combustion degraded soil aggregate structure and decreased soil porosity alters soil water availability and restricts plant colonization into the log burnouts areas. The modified soil conditions associated with fire-consumed coarse woody debris may have a long-term influence on herbaceous species diversity and spatial distribution in fire-maintained oak savannas. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. No Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. RP Rhoades, CC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM crhoades@fs.fed.us; albert.meier@wku.edu; arebertu@nmu.edu NR 61 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 192 IS 2-3 BP 277 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.012 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 819MF UT WOS:000221318300012 ER PT J AU Muzika, RM Grushecky, ST Liebhold, AM Smith, RL AF Muzika, RM Grushecky, ST Liebhold, AM Smith, RL TI Using thinning as a management tool for gypsy moth: the influence on small mammal abundance SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE harvest; Sorex; Peromyscus; defoliators; pitfall traps; silviculture ID PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS; LOCAL-DISTRIBUTION; CONIFEROUS FOREST; NORTHERN MAINE; SERAL STAGES; POPULATIONS; LEPIDOPTERA; LEUCOPUS; COMMUNITIES; PREDATION AB Silvicultural manipulations may be used to reduce forest susceptibility or vulnerability to defoliation by the gypsy moth. The effects of this management strategy on small mammal abundance were determined by pitfall trapping small mammals I year before silvicultural thinnings and for 3 years following thinning in a deciduous montane forest. Sorex cinereus (masked shrew) was the most frequently captured small mammal, followed by Peromyscus spp. (white-footed and deermice) and Clethrionomys gapperi (redback vole). We found significant differences between thinned and reference stands in total small mammal and Peromyscus spp. abundance. There were no significant changes in S. cinereus and C gapperi abundance as a result of thinning. The response of the small mammal community reflects the increased complexity of understory vegetation found on the study site as a result of thinning. Principal components analysis results indicated that both vegetation richness and abundance correspond with thinning treatment and likely indirectly affect small mammal abundance. Increased complexity may improve habitat quality, as well as enhancing invertebrate food supply, thereby influencing small mammals. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USDA Forest Serv, NE Forest Expt Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Muzika, RM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203 ABNR, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM muzika@missouri.edu RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008 OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534 NR 59 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 192 IS 2-3 BP 349 EP 359 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.043 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 819MF UT WOS:000221318300017 ER PT J AU Sweeney, BW Czapka, SJ AF Sweeney, BW Czapka, SJ TI Riparian forest restoration: why each site needs an ecological prescription SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forest buffer; riparian; tree shelter; weed-abatement; herbivory; plant competition; seedling growth ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; HEADWATER STREAMS; GROWTH; PROTECTION; SHELTERS; QUALITY; HABITAT; DEER; OAK AB Although restoration of riparian forests improves water and habitat quality of streams, it can be a slow and difficult process, particularly in landscapes where competition from non-native invasive plants and mammalian herbivores produces high seedling mortality. We experimentally evaluated the short-term (I year) and long-term (5 years) effects on seedling survival and growth of measures to reduce both herbivory (tree shelters) and plant competition (herbicides, tree mats, and mowing) for five species of deciduous trees in two riparian sites in the coastal plain of eastern Maryland, USA. Study species included: Quercus palustris (pin oak), Quercus rubra (red oak), Quercus alba (white oak), Acer rubrum (red maple), and Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip poplar). Results show that: (1) seedlings protected by tree shelters exhibit on average about 39% higher survival and 300% greater growth after 5 years than seedlings without shelters; (2) tree shelters alter the relative growth relationships among species of seedlings; (3) controlling plant competition may be less important for increasing survival in optimal sites than in marginal sites and more effective when used in conjunction with other measures (e.g. tree shelters) for improving seedling survival and growth; (4) local herbivores preferred certain species of seedlings (tulip poplar and red maple) over others; (5) herbivory can mask the effects of other factors such as site-to-site differences in soil moisture and fertility. Based on these results, we conclude that most prescriptions for restoring a diverse and natural streamside forest need to include a proactive program to enhance the survival and growth of seedlings. This is because local site characteristics (soil moisture and fertility, light and temperature regime, etc.) will not be optimal for all species of seedlings, and herbivores and non-native invasive plants are at, and will continue to be at, historically unprecedented levels. Furthermore, if money and labor are limited, such a plan (especially in the mid-Atlantic region of North America) should give first priority to protecting seedlings from herbivory and assign protection from plant competition a lower priority. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. USDA Forest Serv, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Sweeney, BW (reprint author), Stroud Water Res Ctr, 970 Spencer Rd, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. EM sweeney@stroudcenter.org NR 45 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 192 IS 2-3 BP 361 EP 373 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.005 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 819MF UT WOS:000221318300018 ER PT J AU Wienk, CL Sieg, CH McPherson, GR AF Wienk, CL Sieg, CH McPherson, GR TI Evaluating the role of cutting treatments, fire and soil seed banks in an experimental framework in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, South Dakota SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE black hills; fire history; overstory; Pinus ponderosa laws.; prescribed fire; soil seed bank; stand age; understory ID PRESCRIBED-FIRE; STOCKING LEVELS; ARIZONA; HISTORY; DISTURBANCES; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; OVERSTORY; MORTALITY; PATTERN AB Pinus ponderosa Laws. (ponderosa pine) forests have changed considerably during the past century, partly because recurrent fires have been absent for a century or more. A number of studies have explored the influence of timber harvest or burning on understory production in ponderosa pine forests, but study designs incorporating cutting and prescribed burning in an experimental framework are needed to identify mechanisms responsible for the observed changes. In this study, we first characterized the disturbance history and the soil seed bank of a ponderosa pine stand in the northern Black Hills. We then experimentally addressed the effects of prescribed burning and overstory reduction on understory vegetation. Before Anglo settlement of the area, the mean fire interval was 14 years and no fires were recorded after 1879. Cessation of fires, prolific regeneration of ponderosa pine, and subsequent logging in 1903 has led to a very dense, even-aged ponderosa pine stand with very little understory vegetation and very few viable seeds in the soil seed bank. Only 57 individual plants, or 186 seeds/m(2), emerged from 1080 soil samples. Response of understory vegetation during the first growing season after application of treatments was sparse, with no significant treatment effect. There were, however, significant treatment effects during the second growing season. Total understory biomass ranged from 5.8 kg/ha on untreated plots to 1724 kg/ha on clearcut, unburned plots. Herbaceous dicots comprised over 90% of total understory biomass. Both understory species richness and evenness responded to treatments, but understory woody plant density did not respond to either treatment. Paucity of viable seeds in the soil seed bank does not appear to constrain recruitment of understory vegetation in dense ponderosa pine forests of South Dakota. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. C1 Univ Arizona, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Wienk, CL (reprint author), USDI Natl Pk Serv, Wind Cave Natl Pk,RR 1 Box 190, Hot Springs, SD 57747 USA. EM cody_wienk@nps.gov NR 76 TC 54 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 192 IS 2-3 BP 375 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.02.004 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 819MF UT WOS:000221318300019 ER PT J AU Ravi, S D'Odorico, P Over, TM Zobeck, TM AF Ravi, S D'Odorico, P Over, TM Zobeck, TM TI On the effect of air humidity on soil susceptibility to wind erosion: The case of air-dry soils SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FRICTION VELOCITY; SEDIMENT; MOISTURE; WATER; ENTRAINMENT AB Wind erosion is a widespread process in drylands, and contributes to loss of soil fertility, alteration of atmospheric radiation, and air pollution. Erosion occurs when wind speed exceeds a certain threshold, which depends on a number of factors, including surface soil moisture. It is shown that in air-dry soils surface moisture and threshold wind speed depend significantly on air humidity. Thus, in arid regions variations in surface soil moisture can be significantly affected by changes in atmospheric humidity, with an important effect on wind erosion potential. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to investigate this dependence of threshold velocity on air humidity in air-dry soils. It was found that at these moisture levels, the threshold velocity decreases with an increase in air humidity. This result is explained by the effect of hygroscopic forces and by their dependence on soil matric potential in dry soils. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. ARS, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, 291 McCormick Rd,Box 4000123, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM paolo@virginia.edu RI D'Odorico, Paolo/A-5836-2008; Ravi, Sujith/C-3586-2008; Zobeck, Ted/A-6126-2012 OI Ravi, Sujith/0000-0002-0425-9373; NR 25 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 31 IS 9 AR L09501 DI 10.1029/2004GL019485 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 819RU UT WOS:000221333400005 ER PT J AU Kers, JA Wach, MJ Krasnoff, SB Widom, J Cameron, KD Bukhalid, RA Gibson, DM Crane, BR Loria, R AF Kers, JA Wach, MJ Krasnoff, SB Widom, J Cameron, KD Bukhalid, RA Gibson, DM Crane, BR Loria, R TI Nitration of a peptide phytotoxin by bacterial nitric oxide synthase SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID THAXTOMIN-A PRODUCTION; STREPTOMYCES-ACIDISCABIES; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; PROTEIN; PEROXYNITRITE; BIOSYNTHESIS; PATHOGENICITY; EXPRESSION; GENES AB Nitric oxide ( NO) is a potent intercellular signal in mammals that mediates key aspects of blood pressure, hormone release, nerve transmission and the immune response of higher organisms(1-4). Proteins homologous to full-length mammalian nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are found in lower multicellular organisms(5). Recently, genome sequencing has shown that some bacteria contain genes coding for truncated NOS proteins; this is consistent with reports of NOS-like activities in bacterial extracts(6,7). Biological functions for bacterial NOSs are unknown, but have been presumed to be analogous to their role in mammals. Here we describe a gene in the plant pathogen Streptomyces turgidiscabies that encodes a NOS homologue, and we reveal its role in nitrating a dipeptide phytotoxin required for plant pathogenicity(8). High similarity between bacterial NOSs indicates a general function in biosynthetic nitration; thus, bacterial NOSs constitute a new class of enzymes(9-11). Here we show that the primary function of Streptomyces NOS is radically different from that of mammalian NOS. Surprisingly, mammalian NO signalling and bacterial biosynthetic nitration share an evolutionary origin. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Loria, R (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rl21@cornell.edu NR 30 TC 143 Z9 147 U1 1 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 6 PY 2004 VL 429 IS 6987 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1038/nature02504 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 818CB UT WOS:000221222100048 PM 15129284 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Klesius, PH AF Xu, DH Klesius, PH TI Two year study on the infectivity of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in channel catfish Italurus punctatus SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE senescence; passage; infection ratio; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; channel catfish ID CYPRINUS-CARPIO L; FISHES AB Ichthyciphthirius multifiliis Fouquet (Ich) is a fish parasite that causes serious economic loss for aquaculture. A major difficulty in the maintenance of single isolates of Ich for research purposes is the loss of infectivity. After an unknown number of passages or infection cycles the Ich isolate loses its infectivity. This study determined the infectivity of an Ich isolate during 105 infection cycles in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus over a 2 yr period. The mean percentage of fish infected by Ich, the infection levels and the time to trophont emergence were each compared after 4 cyclic periods: 1-25, 26-60, 61-90 and 91-105 Ich cycles. Results of this study demonstrated that Ich was significantly more infective (p < 0.05) at 1-25 than 26-105 cycles. Channel catfish were infected at a ratio of 1 infected fish to 8 naive fish at 1-25 and 26-60 cycles. A higher infection ratio occurred at 61-90 and 91-105 cycles. Trophont emergence was noted to be significantly longer at 91-105 compared to 1-25 cycles, during 7 and 5 d respectively, at 23.4 +/- 1.1degreesC. The results of the present study indicate that the infectivity of L multifiliis started to decrease after 25 infection cycles and was predominant in the single Ich isolate at 61-90 and 91-105 cycles. C1 United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, POB 952, Auburn, AL 36831 USA. EM dxu@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 59 IS 2 BP 131 EP 134 DI 10.3354/dao059131 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 834FX UT WOS:000222398100006 PM 15212279 ER PT J AU Holser, RA Bost, G Van Boven, M AF Holser, RA Bost, G Van Boven, M TI Phytosterol composition of hybrid Hibiscus seed oils SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hibiscus; sitosterol; stigmasterol; campesterol; avenasterol; seed oil ID MILDLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS; DIETARY PHYTOSTEROLS; CHOLESTEROL; MARGARINES; STEROLS; CANOLA; ESTERS; LIPIDS AB The seed oils from fifteen hybrid Hibiscus varieties were analyzed for desmethyl sterol content to identify bioactive compounds that could promote the use of these oils for edible applications. Hibiscus is being developed as a new crop with edible and nutraceutical applications for the component tissues and tissue extracts. Previously, hybrid varieties were developed for ornamental purposes on the basis of flower morphology and color. Currently, the effects of selective breeding on seed oil components are of interest as these represent potential natural products with bioactive properties. In the present study, sterol structures were identified as the corresponding trimethyl silyl ether derivatives obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of the seed oils. This material contained an average of 32 wt % sterols and exhibited a relative composition of sitosterol, 76.3%; campesterol, 10.3%; stigmasterol, 7.3%; 5-avenasterol, 4.4%; and cholesterol, 0.6%. The content of 5-avenasterol showed statistically significant variation among the hybrid varieties with a range of 1.2-5.8%. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. Village Bot Inc, Waller, TX 77484 USA. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Toxicol & Food Chem, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. RP Holser, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM holserra@ncaur.usda.gov NR 16 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 52 IS 9 BP 2546 EP 2548 DI 10.1021/jf035473e PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 816UP UT WOS:000221135100019 PM 15113154 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Cooke, PH Coffin, DR Fishman, ML Hicks, KB AF Liu, LS Cooke, PH Coffin, DR Fishman, ML Hicks, KB TI Pectin and polyacrylamide composite hydrogels: Effect of pectin on structural and dynamic mechanical properties SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pectin; polyacrylamide; composites; hydrogels; microstructure ID POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID); POLY(ACRYLIC ACID); DELIVERY SYSTEMS; NETWORKS; GELS; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); POLYSACCHARIDES; POLYMERS; CONFORMATIONS; COPOLYMERS AB Composite hydrogels of pectin and polyacrylamide were synthesized and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, light microscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The crosslinking polymerization of acrylamide in pectin solution resulted in a composite having a macroporous pectin domain with an interstitial polyacrylamide domain. This composite had improved mechanical properties compared to those of either polymer alone, and it absorbed and retained more water than crosslinked polyacrylamide alone. Furthermore, crosslinking polymerization of acrylamide in an existing pectinate scaffold resulted in a double-network architecture, where filamentous polyacrylamide networks penetrated through pores of the pectin scaffold. It was found that pectins dictated the features of microstructure in the composites through regulating the coordination of phase separation of the two components and water partition between the two phases. Results from this study highlight potential new uses of pectins in protecting the physical structure of environmentally sensitive polymers from mechanical damage related to freezing, lyophilization, and other conditions experienced during their use in biomedical and industrial products. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, LS (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lsliu@arserrc.gov NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAY 5 PY 2004 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1893 EP 1901 DI 10.1002/app.20174 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 806LI UT WOS:000220435000070 ER PT J AU Smith, HMS Campbell, BC Hake, S AF Smith, HMS Campbell, BC Hake, S TI Competence to respond to floral inductive signals requires the homeobox genes PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INFLORESCENCE DEVELOPMENT; FLOWERING TIME; MERISTEMS; SHOOT; MAINTENANCE; APETALA1; PATHWAYS; PROTEIN AB The transition from vegetative to reproductive development establishes new growth patterns required for flowering. This switch is controlled by environmental and/or intrinsic developmental cues that converge at the shoot apical meristem (SAM) [1-4]. During this developmental transition, floral inductive signals cause the vegetative meristem to undergo morphological changes that are essential for flowering [5, 6]. Arabidopsis plants containing null mutations in two paralogous BEL1-like (BELL) homeobox genes, PENNYWISE (PNY) and POUND-FOOLISH (PNF), disrupt the transition from vegetative to reproductive development. These double mutants are completely unable to flower even though the SAM displays morphological and molecular changes that are consistent with having received floral inductive signals. These studies establish a link between the competence to receive floral inductive signals and restructuring of the SAM during floral evocation. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Hake, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM maizesh@nature.berkeley.edu RI Smith, Harley/J-2649-2013 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM20158-03] NR 26 TC 64 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 9 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0960-9822 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD MAY 4 PY 2004 VL 14 IS 9 BP 812 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2004.04.032 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 819UN UT WOS:000221341500026 PM 15120075 ER PT J AU Riche, M Haley, DI Oetker, M Garbrecht, S Garling, DL AF Riche, M Haley, DI Oetker, M Garbrecht, S Garling, DL TI Effect of feeding frequency on gastric evacuation and the return of appetite in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE gastric evacuation; feeding frequency; tilapia; appetite ID SCOPHTHALMUS-MAXIMUS L; PLEURONECTES-PLATESSA L; LIMANDA-LIMANDA L; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; RAINBOW-TROUT; MEAL SIZE; PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BODY-COMPOSITION; SALMO-GAIRDNERI AB The rate at which food is consumed and the efficiency with which it is utilized are prime factors in determining growth rate. There is a positive relation between growth and feeding frequency. Additionally, feeding frequency is strongly correlated with gastric evacuation time (GET). Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were fed to satiation with a pelleted diet at two different feeding frequencies (three meals day(-1) and five meals day(-1)) to evaluate the effects of feeding frequency on gastric evacuation and the return of appetite. Ferric oxide was used as an inert indicator to follow gastric evacuation and gastrointestinal (GI) transit. Following an initial meat to satiation with the ferric oxide containing diet, fish were serially dissected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h post-prandially. The fish remaining in the treatments receiving three meals day(-1) were fed to satiation again at 1200 and 1700 In. The fish remaining in the treatments receiving five meals day(-1) were fed to satiation again at 1000, 1200, 1500, and 1700 h. Gastric evacuation rates (GER) for both treatments were curvilinear and were best described by a surface-area dependent model. The equation describing GER for fish fed three meals day(-1) was V-T=67.0e(-0-153(x)) and for fish fed five meals day(-1) was V-T=85.0e(-0-149(x)). The instantaneous evacuation rates obtained by linearizing the data were not significantly different and suggest gastric evacuation is independent of feeding frequency. Fish fed at 4-5-h intervals consume as much as they have evacuated. Fish receiving meals at 2-3-h intervals exhibit gastric overload. The return of appetite following a satiation meal is approximately 4 In in Nile tilapia held at 28 degreesC. Satiation feeding of tilapia at 4-h intervals should increase production efficiency. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Riche, M (reprint author), USDA, ARS, 5600 US Hwy 1 N, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. EM mriche@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 62 TC 47 Z9 61 U1 7 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAY 3 PY 2004 VL 234 IS 1-4 BP 657 EP 673 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.012 PG 17 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 815VE UT WOS:000221069000043 ER PT J AU Beckler, AA French, BW Chandler, LD AF Beckler, AA French, BW Chandler, LD TI Characterization of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) population dynamics in relation to landscape attributes SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geographic information systems (GIS); landscape metrics; population dynamics; spatial analysis; western corn rootworm (WCR) ID AREA-WIDE MANAGEMENT; ROTATION AB 1 The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica rirgifera virgifera Leconte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), creates economic and environmental concerns in the Corn Belt region of the U.S.A. To supplement the Population control tactics of the Areawide Pest Management Program in Brookings, South Dakota, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were used to examine the spatial relationships from 1997 to 2001 between WCR Population dynamics, habitat structure, soil texture and elevation. 2 Using the inverse distance weighted interpolation technique, WCR population density maps were created from georeferenced emergence and post-emergence traps placed in maize fields. For each year, these maps were overlaid with vegetation, soil and elevation maps to search for quantitative relationships. 3 Through visual interpretation and correlation analysis, shifts in landscape structure, such as size, number and arrangement of patches, were shown to associate with WCR population abundance and distribution in varying degrees. Contingency analysis showed that WCR Population abundance is associated with soil texture and elevation. 4 An understanding or the interactions between WCR population dynamics and landscape variables provides information to pest managers, and this can be used to identify patterns in the landscape that promote high insect population density patches to improve pest management strategies. C1 USDA ARS, No Grain Insects Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP French, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Grain Insects Res Lab, NPA 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM wfrench@ngirl.ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-9555 EI 1461-9563 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 6 IS 2 BP 129 EP 139 DI 10.1111/j.1461-9563.2004.00213.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 820TW UT WOS:000221413300006 ER PT J AU Garrett, HE Kerley, MS Ladyman, KP Walter, WD Godsey, LD Van Sambeek, JW Brauer, DK AF Garrett, HE Kerley, MS Ladyman, KP Walter, WD Godsey, LD Van Sambeek, JW Brauer, DK TI Hardwood silvopasture management in North America SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Congress of Agroforestry CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Univ Florida, Orlando, FL HO Univ Florida DE animal forage; cool-season forages; light; livestock; shade; hardwood regeneration ID C4 PERENNIAL GRASSES; CATTLE; SHADE; PERFORMANCE; QUALITY; SYSTEM; GROWTH; DAMAGE; AGROFORESTRY; RANGELAND AB Hardwood silvopasture management has great potential throughout the Central Hardwood Region in the United States, but has been little utilized due to the lack of available information on its application. However, more than one-third of farm woodlands within the region are being grazed without the benefit of the application of silvopasture principles. The University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry has undertaken a major research initiative to further develop and build upon the fragmented information that is available on hardwood silvopastoral management. Ten years of screening forage species (grasses and legumes) for shade tolerance has clearly demonstrated that many cool-season forages benefit from 40% to 60% shade when grown in Missouri-a finding that could likely be extrapolated to the entire region of the Midwestern United States. Grazing trials have proven to be successful in the short-term. Long-term research is currently underway to fully document the interactions between hardwood trees, cattle and forage. C1 Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. US Forest Serv, N Cent Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. Small Family Farm Res Ctr, Bonneville, AR USA. RP Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM GarrettH@missouri.edu NR 86 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 61-2 IS 1 BP 21 EP 33 DI 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000028987.09206.6b PG 13 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 823VD UT WOS:000221640600003 ER PT J AU Mercer, DE AF Mercer, DE TI Adoption of agroforestry innovations in the tropics: A review SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Congress of Agroforestry CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Univ Florida, Orlando, FL HO Univ Florida DE decision-making; diffusion; risk; tenure; uncertainty ID SOIL CONSERVATION; AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS; TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION; FARM CHARACTERISTICS; CONSUMPTION RISK; WESTERN KENYA; INTENSIFICATION; DETERMINANTS; FOREST; PHILIPPINES AB The period since the early 1990s has witnessed an explosion of research on the adoption of agroforestry innovations in the tropics. Much of this work was motivated by a perceived gap between advances in agroforestry science and the success of agroforestry-based development programs and projects. Achieving the full promise of agroforestry requires a fundamental understanding of how and why farmers make long-term land-use decisions and applying this knowledge to the design, development, and 'marketing' of agroforestry innovations. This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature that has developed during the past decade analyzing agroforestry adoption from a variety of perspectives and identifies needed future research. Much progress has been made, especially in using binary choice regression models to assess influences of farm and household characteristics on adoption and in developing ex-ante participatory, on-farm research methods for analyzing the potential adoptability of agroforestry innovations. Additional research-needs that have been identified include developing a better understanding of the role of risk and uncertainty, insights into how and why farmers adapt and modify adopted systems, factors influencing the intensity of adoption, village-level and spatial analyses of adoption, the impacts of disease such as AIDS and malaria on adoption, and the temporal path of adoption. C1 US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mercer, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, 3041 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12254, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM emercer@fs.fed.us NR 98 TC 95 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 48 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 61-2 IS 1 BP 311 EP 328 DI 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000029007.85754.70 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 823VD UT WOS:000221640600023 ER PT J AU Ellis, EA Bentrup, G Schoeneberger, MM AF Ellis, EA Bentrup, G Schoeneberger, MM TI Computer-based tools for decision support in agroforestry: Current state and future needs SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Congress of Agroforestry CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Univ Florida, Orlando, FL HO Univ Florida DE databases; Decision Support Systems; Geographical Information Systems; models ID ACQUIRING QUALITATIVE KNOWLEDGE; COMPLEX AGROECOSYSTEMS; TROPICAL AGROFORESTS; BIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS; DATABASE-MANAGEMENT; RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; CROPPING SYSTEM; EXPERT-SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES AB Successful design of agroforestry practices hinges on the ability to pull together very diverse and sometimes large sets of information (i.e., biophysical, economic and social factors), and then implementing the synthesis of this information across several spatial scales from site to landscape. Agroforestry, by its very nature, creates complex systems with impacts ranging from the site or practice level up to the landscape and beyond. Computer-based Decision Support Tools (DST) help to integrate information to facilitate the decision-making process that directs development, acceptance, adoption, and management aspects in agroforestry. Computer-based DSTs include databases, geographical information systems, models, knowledge-base or expert systems, and 'hybrid' decision support systems. These different DSTs and their applications in agroforestry research and development are described in this paper. Although agroforestry lacks the large research foundation of its agriculture and forestry counterparts, the development and use of computer-based tools in agroforestry have been substantial and are projected to increase as the recognition of the productive and protective ( service) roles of these tree-based practices expands. The utility of these and future tools for decision-support in agroforestrymust take into account the limits of our current scientific information, the diversity of aspects (i.e. economic, social, and biophysical) that must be incorporated into the planning and design process, and, most importantly, who the end-user of the tools will be. Incorporating these tools into the design and planning process will enhance the capability of agroforestry to simultaneously achieve environmental protection and agricultural production goals. C1 Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Ellis, EA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM eaellis@ufl.edu NR 107 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 61-2 IS 1 BP 401 EP 421 DI 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000029015.64463.65 PG 21 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 823VD UT WOS:000221640600029 ER PT J AU Shapiro, HY Rosenquist, EM AF Shapiro, HY Rosenquist, EM TI Public/private partnerships in agroforestry: the example of working together to improve cocoa sustainability SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Congress of Agroforestry CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2004 CL Univ Florida, Orlando, FL HO Univ Florida AB As information on the economic, environmental and social benefits of cocoa has grown, so has the understanding that only a coordinated effort by all stakeholders can ensure cocoa sustainability. This chapter describes how challenges to cocoa supplies brought seemingly disparate - if not competitive - groups together in unique public/ private partnerships. While it is not meant to be an exhaustive listing of every initiative that has been developed, it provides an overview of how working across sectors has benefited all of those involved in the cocoa industry - corporations, governments, nongovernment organizations and individual farmers. The progress they have made and the lessons learned from these partnerships will help frame policies and practices aimed at ensuring a healthy future for all involved in the cocoa industry, and be a model for such initiatives for the development of other shaded perennial crops in agroforestry systems. C1 Mars Inc, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA. USDA ARS, Int Programs, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Shapiro, HY (reprint author), Mars Inc, 800 High St, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA. EM howard.shapiro@effem.com NR 0 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 11 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 61-2 IS 1 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1023/B:AGFO.0000029025.08901.9c PG 10 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA 823VD UT WOS:000221640600032 ER PT J AU Saseendran, SA Nielsen, DC Ma, L Ahuja, LR Halvorson, AD AF Saseendran, SA Nielsen, DC Ma, L Ahuja, LR Halvorson, AD TI Modeling nitrogen management effects on winter wheat production using RZWQM and CERES-wheat SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY MODEL; DRYLAND CROPPING SYSTEMS; FIELD-MEASURED DATA; SOIL; TEMPERATURE; EVAPORATION; SIMULATION; ECONOMICS; COLORADO; STRESS AB Agricultural system models can provide an alternative, less time-consuming and inexpensive means of determining the optimum crop N requirement under varied soil and climatic conditions. In this context, we parameterized the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production and then evaluated it along with the CERES-Wheat model to assess their potential as N management tools at Akron, Co. Both models were evaluated with data from five N treatments (0, 28, 56, 84, and 112 kg N ha(-1)) and three crop seasons (1987-1988, 1988-1989, and 1989-1990). Data from 1987-1988 zero-N treatment were used for model calibration, and the rest of the data were used for model validation. Genetic coefficients for winter wheat (cv. TAM 107) were developed for the CERES-Wheat model. The crop parameters required for the generic crop model of RZWQM were parameterized using information from the literature or by calibration. Both models were calibrated first for soil moisture and then for biomass and grain yield. Grain yield predictions had a root mean square error (RMSE) of 500 and 363 kg ha(-1), respectively, for CERES-Wheat and RZWQM. Aboveground biomass was predicted with RMSEs of 1247 and 1441 kg ha(-1), respectively. Long-term simulations of both RZWQM and CERES for winter wheat growth using historical weather data (1912-2001) showed that 56 kg ha(-1) N applied as broadcast incorporated is a viable N management option in eastern Colorado, taking into account the grain yield, crop N uptake, N leaching into groundwater, and residual soil N at harvest. Model simulations also showed that the wheat-fallow cropping system is less water use efficient than a continuous wheat system under rainfed agriculture in eastern Colorado. C1 USDA ARS, Nat Resour Res Cent, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. USDA, ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Resour Res Cent, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009; Basso, Bruno/A-3128-2012 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183; Basso, Bruno/0000-0003-2090-4616 NR 58 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 615 EP 630 PG 16 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000004 ER PT J AU Williams, MJ Chase, CC Hammond, AC AF Williams, MJ Chase, CC Hammond, AC TI Performance of cows and their calves creep-grazed on rhizoma perennial peanut SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLORIDA; CATTLE; PASTURES; BREEDS; FORAGE AB Where tropical grasses such as bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) make up the base forage, creep-grazing legumes should be beneficial to calf performance. Treatments of creep with rhizoma perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) and no creep were set-stocked (n = 24, 20, and 32 cow/calf pairs per treatment/replicate combination in 1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively) for an 84-d grazing period (June-September). Base pasture forage dry matter (DM) availability was similar all 3 yr (avg. 2.81, 2.63, and 3.13 Mg ha(-1) for 1997, 1998, and 1999, respectively) and for both treatments (2.84 and 2.87 Mg ha(-1) for creep and no creep, respectively). Forage DM availability in the creep areas averaged approximately 3.0 Mg ha(-1) and was composed of about 60% grass and 30% rhizoma perennial peanut (RPP). Nutritive value of RPP was usually 60 mg kg(-1) higher for crude protein (CP) and 200 mg kg(-1) higher for in vitro organic matter disappearance (IVOMD) compared with the associated grass (97.7 mg kg(-1) CP and 415.8 mg kg(-1) IVOMD). Utilization of creep area varied with year and breed of calf (Angus < 10% vs. Romosinuano > 50%). As a consequence, performance of Angus calves was not affected, but average daily gain (ADG) for Romosinuano calves with access to creep area was higher (+0.14 kg d(-1)) than that for calves with no creep. Also, body condition score (BCS) that was higher in August and September for creeped-Romosinuano calves. Creep grazing the calves had no effect on cow performance (weight, ADG, or BCS). C1 USDA, ARS, STARS, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. USDA, ARS, SAA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Williams, MJ (reprint author), USDA, ARS, STARS, 22271 Chinsegut Hill Rd, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. EM mjwi@mail.ifas.ufl.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 671 EP 676 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000009 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Elwinger, GF AF Sanderson, MA Elwinger, GF TI Emergence and seedling structure of temperate grasses at different planting depths SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; ENGLISH PLANTAIN; MORPHOLOGY; CHICORY; GROWTH; MESOCOTYL; WEIGHT AB Some producers have adopted ecologically based practices such as planting complex forage mixtures in their grazing systems to exploit the potential benefits of biodiversity. An understanding of grass seedling emergence and structure under different planting conditions could help develop planting recommendations for establishing multispecies swards. We conducted controlled-environment and field studies to compare the seedling emergence and morphology of several grasses at three planting depths. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; diploid and tetraploid cultivars), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), prairiegrass (Bromus catharticus Vahl), and bromegrass (Bromus stamineus Desv.) were planted at 1, 3, and 6 cm in the growth chamber and greenhouse. Seedlings were destructively sampled 14 d after emergence, and leaves, tillers, and roots were counted. Mesocotyl length and coleoptile width were measured. The grasses were planted in two field experiments to determine emergence and seedling size when planted at 1, 3, or 6 cm. Both perennial ryegrass and orchardgrass elongated the mesocotyl from 1 to 4 cm depending on planting depth, but bromegrass and prairiegrass did not. Seedlings of bromegrass and prairiegrass had greater mass but fewer tillers and roots than perennial ryegrass. Increased planting depth reduced seedling size by reducing the number and size of leaves and number of tillers by 15 to 30% in all grasses. Differences in seedling size and structure among cultivars within species were positively correlated (r of 0.8 to 0.9, P < 0.05) with seed mass. Variation in seed mass and coleoptile width, however, did not explain differences among grasses in seedling emergence in the field. C1 USDA, ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Manage, Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Manage, Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mas44@psu.edu NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 685 EP 691 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000011 ER PT J AU Kaspar, TC Pulido, DJ Fenton, TE Colvin, TS Karlen, DL Jaynes, DB Meek, DW AF Kaspar, TC Pulido, DJ Fenton, TE Colvin, TS Karlen, DL Jaynes, DB Meek, DW TI Relationship of corn and soybean yield to soil and terrain properties SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-YIELD; CENTRAL IOWA; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WATER; VARIABILITY; LANDSCAPE; WHEAT; DEPTH; POSITION AB Farmers will be better able to implement site-specific management practices when they understand the causes of spatial and temporal variability of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] yield in their fields. Our objectives were to determine if a data set containing 20 soil and terrain variables could explain spatial yield variability better than a subset of seven more easily measured variables and to determine whether the relative importance of factors in explaining yield variability differed between corn and soybean or between wet and dry years. Yield data were collected for 11 yr in a 16-ha field in central Iowa. Soil and terrain variables measured included: A horizon depth, carbonate depth, pH, coarse sand, sand, silt, clay, organic C, N, Fe, K, P, and Zn; and seven easily measured variables: electrical conductivity, soil color, elevation, slope, profile curvature, plan curvature, and depression depth. Factor analysis of the variables followed by regression of yield on the resulting factors showed that the 20-variable set explained more of the spatial variation in yield than the subset of seven variables. Further, the analysis of the 20-variable data set showed that soybean yield was affected more by pH, more by closed depressions in wet years, and less by curvature in dry years than corn yield. Similarly, yield was negatively affected by closed depressions and lower landscape positions in wet years, whereas these factors had either no effect or a positive effect in dry years. Alternately, curvature had a negative effect in dry years and no effect in wet years. C1 USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kaspar, TC (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kaspar@nstl.gov NR 52 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 700 EP 709 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000013 ER PT J AU Labreveux, M Hall, MH Sanderson, MA AF Labreveux, M Hall, MH Sanderson, MA TI Productivity of chicory and plantain cultivars under grazing SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GRASSLANDS PUNA CHICORY; CICHORIUM-INTYBUS L; DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT LEVELS; FORAGE CHICORY; ENGLISH PLANTAIN; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; SWARDS; PERSISTENCE; ORCHARDGRASS; NITROGEN AB The bimodal distribution of growth of cool-season grass species generates an imbalance in the amount of forage available during the summer, which could be improved by using alternative forage species. Several chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) cultivars were evaluated for such purpose and contrasted against 'Pennlate' orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) under different grazing strategies in two experiments during 3 yr. In Exp. 1, 'Grasslands Puna' chicory and Pennlate orchardgrass achieved similar dry matter (DM) yields during spring (6500 vs. 7250 kg DM ha(-1), respectively) and summer (3350 vs. 3900 kg DM ha(-1), respectively). Between plantain cultivars, yields similar to Pennlate orchardgrass were achieved by 'Grasslands Lancelot' (7350 kg DM ha(-1)) in spring and by 'Ceres Tonic' (3150 kg DM ha(-1)) in summer. Grazing every 3 wk vs. 5 wk reduced DM yield in summer (1650 vs. 4450 kg DM ha(-1), P < 0.001). In Exp. 2, spring DM yields of Puna chicory were greater than those of Pennlate orchardgrass (5750 vs. 3600 kg DM ha(-1), average yield over years; P < 0.05). In summer, DM yield of Puna chicory relative to that of Pennlate orchardgrass varied between years. Yield of Lancelot plantain decreased during 2000 and 2001 following decreases in plant density. Our results suggest that most cultivars tested may not increase forage availability during the summer, which may be related to plant density losses. Of all cultivars, Puna chicory appeared as the most promising. Due to very low plant survival, the plantain cultivars tested may not be appropriate for perennial pastures in northeastern USA. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USDA, ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Manage, Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Labreveux, M (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, Resour Dep, 1200 N Dupont Hwy, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM mlabreveux@desu.edu NR 40 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 710 EP 716 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000014 ER PT J AU Heatherly, LG Spurlock, SR Elmore, CD AF Heatherly, LG Spurlock, SR Elmore, CD TI Deep and shallow fall tillage for irrigated soybean grown with different weed management systems in the midsouthern USA SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GLYCINE-MAX; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; CLAY SOIL; NET RETURNS; NARROW; YIELD; HERBICIDES; PLANTINGS; ECONOMICS; WIDE AB Management inputs that maximize economic return from early soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production system (ESPS) plantings in the midsouthern USA have not been evaluated fully. The objective was to determine the effect of different weed management systems on yield and net return from irrigated ESPS plantings of soybean following deep (DT; 40-45 cm deep) and shallow (ST; <10 cm deep) fall tillage. Adjacent experiments receiving either DT or ST were conducted in 1999 and 2000 on Sharkey clay (very-fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquert) near Stoneville, MS (33degrees 26' N lat). Weed management systems were (i) glyphosate-resistant (GR) cultivar with pre-emergent (PRE) nonglyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] herbicides followed by one postemergent (POST) application of glyphosate timed to control grasses, (ii) GR cultivar with two POST applications of glyphosate timed to control both grasses and broad-leaves, (iii) GR cultivar with PRE nonglyphosate herbicides followed by two POST applications of glyphosate timed to control both grasses and broadleaves, (iv) non-GR cultivar with PRE herbicides followed by one POST application of a grass herbicide, (v) non-GR cultivar with POST application of herbicides timed to control both grasses and broadleaves, and (vi) non-GR cultivar with PRE herbicides followed by POST applications of herbicides timed to control both grasses and broadleaves. Fall DT was more expensive than ST but resulted in taller soybean plants and less weed cover at harvest. Average yields and net returns from DT and ST were 4286 and 4085 kg ha(-1) and $364 and $362 ha(-1), respectively. Thus, the investment in equipment for fall DT for irrigated ESPS plantings is not justified. Postemergent-only weed management was the cheapest for both GR and non-GR cultivars. Weed management that used POST-only glyphosate resulted in the greatest yield and profit from GR cultivars. With non-GR cultivars, yields were not affected by weed management, but net returns were lower when the most intensive weed management was practiced. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Dept Agr Econ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Heatherly, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, POB 343, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM lheatherly@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 734 EP 741 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000017 ER PT J AU Heatherly, LG Spurlock, SR Reddy, KN AF Heatherly, LG Spurlock, SR Reddy, KN TI Weed management in nonirrigated glyphosate-resistant and non-resistant soybean following deep and shallow fall tillage SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CLAY SOIL; ECONOMICS; SYSTEMS; YIELD AB Management inputs that maximize economic return from the early plantings of soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Merr.] in the midsouthern USA have not been evaluated fully. The objective was to compare perennial weed control in and yields and economic returns from plantings of maturity group (MG) IV and V soybean cultivars grown in the field under different weed management systems (WMS) following shallow (ST) and deep (DT) fall tillage. Adjacent experiments were conducted on Tunica clay (clayey over loamy, smectitic, nonacid, thermic Vertic Haplaquept) near Stoneville, MS (lat. 33degrees26'N). Weed management systems were (i) glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]-resistant (GR) cultivars with preemergent (PRE) nonglyphosate herbicides followed by postemergent (POST) glyphosate; (ii) GR cultivars with POST glyphosate; (iii) non-GR cultivars with PRE plus POST nonglyphosate herbicides; and (iv) non-GR cultivars with POST nonglyphosate herbicides. Control of perennial redvine [Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners] declined in the ST environment when non-GR cultivars were used, but this did not result in a yield decline. Control of perennial johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] at the end of the study period averaged <40% when non-GR cultivars were used and >93% when GR cultivars were used regardless of tillage treatment, and this was associated with lower yield. Use of PRE + POST vs. POST-only weed management sometimes resulted in lower profits regardless of fall tillage treatment. The fall tillage treatment x WMS interaction was not significant for yield or net return, which indicates that use of DT for perennial weed management is not economical. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Heatherly, LG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, POB 343, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM lheatherly@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 742 EP 749 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000018 ER PT J AU Sistani, KR Rowe, DE Johnson, J Tewolde, H AF Sistani, KR Rowe, DE Johnson, J Tewolde, H TI Supplemental nitrogen effect on broiler-litter-fertilized cotton SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACCUMULATION AB Nitrogen nutrition plays a critical role in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production. However, increasing N fertilization may not always be desirable because production problems occur when N supply exceeds the crop requirement. A field experiment was conducted during 2000-2002 to study the optimal quantity of N needed from litter or combination of litter N and supplemental inorganic N for optimum cotton yield production. Poultry litter (2.24 Mg ha(-1) equivalent to 1 ton acre(-1)) has been applied to the site annually for the past 20 yr. The experiment included four inorganic N rates (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg N ha(-1)) as sidedress in addition to litter application. The smallest overall average cotton lint yield of 562 kg ha(-1) was obtained during 2000 (an exceptionally dry year) followed by 1551 kg ha(-1) in 2001 and 880 kg ha(-1) in 2002. The supplemental N application did not impact the cotton yield in 2 out of 3 yr. In the 2000 growing season, cotton yield was significantly greater for 0 and 34 than 67 and 101 kg N ha(-1) rates. This indicates the negative effect of excess N application on cotton yield under drought conditions. However, under more favorable soil moisture conditions, no significant yield differences were observed by increasing the supplemental N rate up to 101 kg N ha(-1). The 2.24 Mg ha(-1) broiler litter application to all plots before planting each year provided approximately 80 kg N ha(-1), which proved to be adequate in three consecutive years for optimum cotton production under a no-till system. C1 USDA ARS, Waste Manage & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Mississippi State Univ, MAFES, Holly Springs, MS 38635 USA. RP Sistani, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Waste Manage & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM karamat.sistani@wku.edu NR 18 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 806 EP 811 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000026 ER PT J AU Chang, J Clay, DE Carlson, CG Reese, CL Clay, SA Ellsbury, MM AF Chang, J Clay, DE Carlson, CG Reese, CL Clay, SA Ellsbury, MM TI Defining yield goals and management zones to minimize yield and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer recommendation errors SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY AB Three general approaches (minimize soil nutrient variability, yield, and fertilizer recommendation errors) have been used to assess nutrient management zone boundaries. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different approaches to define management zones and yield goals on minimizing yield variability and fertilizer recommendation errors. This study used soil nutrient and yield information collected from two east-central South Dakota fields between 1995 and 2000. The crop rotation was corn (Zea mays L.) followed by soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The four management zone delineation approaches tested were to: (i) sample areas impacted by old homesteads separately from the rest of the field; (ii) separate the field into grid cells; (iii) use geographic information systems or cluster analysis of apparent electrical conductivity, elevation, aspect, and connectedness to identify zones; and (iv) use the Order 1 soil survey. South Dakota fertilizer N and P recommendations were used to calculate fertilizer requirements. This study showed that management zones based on a 4-ha grid cell and an Order 1 soil survey had lower within-zone yield variability than the other methods tested. The best approaches for minimizing recommendation errors were nutrient specific. Nitrogen and P recommendations were improved using multiple years of yield monitor data to develop landscape-specific yield goals, sampling old homesteads separately from the rest of the field, and grid cell soil sampling to fine-tune N and P recommendations. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USDA ARS, No Grain Insect Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Clay, DE (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM david_clay@sdstate.edu NR 27 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 825 EP 831 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000029 ER PT J AU Glaz, B Morris, DR Daroub, SH AF Glaz, B Morris, DR Daroub, SH TI Periodic flooding and water table effects on two sugarcane genotypes SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EVERGLADES AGRICULTURAL AREA; GAS-TRANSPORT; HYPOXIA AB Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in Florida is increasingly exposed to periodic floods and high water tables for extended durations. We evaluated the effects of periodic flooding, followed by drainage, on morphological characteristics and cane and sugar yields of two sugarcane genotypes. From 2000-2002, experiments were conducted in lysimeters tilled with Pahokee muck soil. Flooding was imposed for 7 d during five, nine, and nine 21-d cycles in 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. Cycles commenced when sugarcane leaves covered the rows and were discontinued in mid-October. Water table depths during the 14-d drainage period of each cycle were 16, 33, or 50 cm. A fourth treatment was maintained continuously at a 50-cm water table depth. Genotype CP 95-1429 yields were not affected by water table or flooding. For CP 95-1376 in periodic-flooding treatments, lowering the water table in 1-cm increments increased cane and sugar yields by 0.16 and 0.02 kg m(-2), respectively, in 2000 and 0.25 and 0.03 kg m(-2), respectively, in 2001. Water table depth during drainage did not affect CP 95-1376 yields in 2002, perhaps because of a longer duration between planting and initial flooding in 2002. Each day of flooding reduced cane and sugar yields of CP 95-1376 by 0.17 and 0.02 kg m(-2), respectively, in 2000 and by 0.21 and 0.03 kg m(-2), respectively, in 2002. Flooding might not have reduced yields of CP 95-1429 because of its ability to form aerenchyma in the stalks before exposure to flooding. Such genotypes should be able to tolerate flooding for at least 1 wk. C1 USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy,441, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM bglaz@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 832 EP 838 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000030 ER PT J AU Osborne, LE Jin, Y AF Osborne, LE Jin, Y TI Development of a resistance-based sensor for detection of wetness at the soil-air interface SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; WHEAT; MOISTURE; CONDUCTIVITY; MANAGEMENT; DURATION; TILLAGE AB Many microbes, including several fungal plant pathogens, often reside at or very near the soil surface. Survival, reproduction, and development of these pathogens are influenced by moisture in the environment. There are currently no efficient means to continuously monitor wetness conditions at the soil-air interface. A project was initiated to develop a sensor for continuous monitoring of soil-surface wetness and to be used in conjunction with data-logging equipment. Sensors were developed and tested for consistency and durability through replicate trials conducted on synthetic sponges and on thin soil layers. Field trials were then conducted to test sensor durability and response to field environments. Under greenhouse conditions, sensors were calibrated against tactile estimates of wetness on thin layers of three soil textures (sandy loam, clay loam, and silt loam) over a range of known moisture levels. In laboratory tests, sensors were evaluated for uniformity of response. Sensors were shown to be uniform in response under laboratory and field conditions. They worked well to indicate wetting events in the field and allowed for determination of wetness duration, a parameter of great interest to plant pathologists. The sensors, in conjunction with automatic data-logging devices, may be able to provide estimates of wetness duration for incorporation into disease predictive models. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Osborne, LE (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, 117 Plant Sci Bldg, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Lawrence_Osborne@sdstate.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 96 IS 3 BP 845 EP 852 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 825JW UT WOS:000221754000032 ER PT J AU Elzen, PJ AF Elzen, PJ TI Beekeeping issues: Major directions in research SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Elzen, PJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DADANT & SONS INC PI HAMILTON PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA SN 0002-7626 J9 AM BEE J JI Am. Bee J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 144 IS 5 BP 355 EP 355 PG 1 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 813OQ UT WOS:000220916800008 ER PT J AU Kaplan, K AF Kaplan, K TI What's buzzing with Africanized honey bees? SO AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USDA, Informat Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kaplan, K (reprint author), USDA, Informat Staff, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU DADANT & SONS INC PI HAMILTON PA AMER BEE JOURNAL, HAMILTON, IL 62341 USA SN 0002-7626 J9 AM BEE J JI Am. Bee J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 144 IS 5 BP 378 EP 381 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 813OQ UT WOS:000220916800013 ER PT J AU Maschinski, J Baggs, JE Sacchi, CF AF Maschinski, J Baggs, JE Sacchi, CF TI Seedling recruitment and survival of an endangered limestone endemic in its natural habitat and experimental reintroduction sites SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE edaphic endemic; endangered species; germination; limestone endemic; rare species distribution; recruitment; reintroduction; survivorship ID BIOTIC FACTORS; MOJAVE DESERT; NURSE PLANT; ESTABLISHMENT; DISPERSAL; CONSERVATION; FACILITATION; COMPETITION; GYPSOPHILE; DEMOGRAPHY AB The largest and most fecund population of the endangered Purshia subintegra is restricted to limestone mesas in Verde Valley, Arizona. USA, where habitat destruction is imminent. To examine factors limiting its distribution and potential for expansion, we compared recruitment and survival of seedlings growing in soils from occupied and unoccupied habitat in caged field experiments and compared survival of caged and wild seedling cohorts from 1998 to 2003. In field tests, seeds germinated in soils from occupied and unoccupied habitats. Seedling survival, however, was greatest in currently occupied habitat and dropped to zero in some unoccupied habitats with the onset of severe drought. Among 16 factors measured, soil moisture significantly explained between 62% and 71% of the variation in recruitment in both wild and caged plots. Shrubs conferred protection to wild seedlings, but decreased caged seedling survival. For 5 yr following germination, caged seedlings had greater survival than natural seedling cohorts indicating that reintroduction was comparatively more successful than natural recruitment. Expansion of P. subintegra into novel habitats is limited by soil moisture capacity, and this condition varied during the experimental time frame. Reintroductions to limestone mesas are possible and most promising if cages and supplemental watering are used. C1 Arboretum, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Fairchild Trop Garden, Miami, FL 33156 USA. USFS Humboldt Toiyabe Natl Forest, Sparks, NV 89431 USA. Kutztown State Univ, Dept Biol, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Maschinski, J (reprint author), Arboretum, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jmaschinski@fairchildgarden.org NR 60 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 14 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 91 IS 5 BP 689 EP 698 DI 10.3732/ajb.91.5.689 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 825KC UT WOS:000221754700007 PM 21653424 ER PT J AU Tucker, KL Olson, B Bakun, P Dallal, GE Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH AF Tucker, KL Olson, B Bakun, P Dallal, GE Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH TI Breakfast cereal fortified with folic acid, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 increases vitamin concentrations and reduces homocysteine concentrations: A randomized trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE fortification; folic acid; vitamin B-6; vitamin B-12; breakfast cereal; homocysteine; older adults ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; ELDERLY POPULATION; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; ATROPHIC GASTRITIS; ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; DIETARY-INTAKE; SERUM FOLATE AB Background: High homocysteine and low B vitamin concentrations have been linked to the risk of vascular disease, stroke, and dementia and are relatively common in older adults. Objective: We assessed the effect of breakfast cereal fortified with folic acid, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B - 12 on vitamin and homocysteine status. Design: A randomized, double-blind trial was conducted in 189 volunteers aged 50-85 y. The subjects had no history of hypertension, anemia, asthma, cancer, or cardiovascular or digestive disease and did not regularly consume multiple or B vitamin supplements or highly fortified breakfast cereal. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume 1 cup (0.24 L) breakfast cereal fortified with 440 mug folic acid, 1.8 mg vitamin B-6, and 4.8 mug vitamin B - 12 or placebo cereal for 12 wk. Blood was drawn at 0, 2, 12, and 14 wk. Methionine-loading tests were conducted at baseline and week 14. Results: Final baseline-adjusted plasma homocysteine concentrations were significantly lower and B vitamin concentrations were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the placebo group (P < 0.001). The percentage of subjects with plasma folate concentrations < 11 nmol/L decreased from 2% to 0%, with vitamin B-12 concentrations < 185 pmol/L from 9% to 3%, with vitamin B-6 concentrations < 20 nmol/L from 6% to 2%, and with homocysteine concentrations > 10.4 mumol/L (women) or > 11.4 mumol/L (men) from 6.4% to 1.6%. The percentage of control subjects with values beyond these cutoff points remained nearly constant or increased. Conclusions: In this relatively healthy group of volunteers, consumption of 1 cup fortified breakfast cereal daily significantly increased B vitamin and decreased homocysteine concentrations, including post-methionine-load homocysteine concentrations. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM katherine.tucker@tufts.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X NR 45 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 11 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 79 IS 5 BP 805 EP 811 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815LU UT WOS:000221044600013 PM 15113718 ER PT J AU van der Schoor, SRD Stoll, B Wattimena, DL Buller, HA Tibboel, D Burrin, DG van Goudoever, JB AF van der Schoor, SRD Stoll, B Wattimena, DL Buller, HA Tibboel, D Burrin, DG van Goudoever, JB TI Splanchnic bed metabolism of glucose in preterm neonates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE enteral nutrition; first-pass glucose uptake; intestine; oxidation; parenteral nutrition; preterm infants; stable isotopes ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; SUBSTRATE OXIDATION; PREMATURE-INFANTS; NEWBORN-INFANTS; BREATH TEST; KINETICS; TOLERANCE; NUTRITION; CHILDREN; LEUCINE AB Background: Glucose is a major oxidative substrate for intestinal energy generation in neonatal animals; however, few data in preterm infants are available. Early administration of enteral nutrition, including glucose, may be an effective strategy to support intestinal adaptation to extrauterine life in preterm neonates. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to quantify the first-pass uptake and oxidation of glucose by the splanchnic tissues (intestine and liver) in human neonates. Design: Eight preterm infants [birth weight ((x) over bar +/- SD): 1.19 +/- 0.22 kg, gestational age: 29 +/- 1 wk] were studied while they received 2 different enteral intakes (A: 40% enteral, 60% parenteral, total glucose intake = 7.5 +/- 0.5 mg . kg(-1) . min(-1), and B: 100% enteral, total glucose intake = 7.8 +/- 0.4 mg . kg(-1) . min(-1)). Splanchnic and whole-body glucose kinetics were measured by use of dual-tracer techniques. Results: During both feeding periods, approximately one-third of dietary glucose intake was utilized during the first pass by the splanchnic tissues. More than three-quarters of this utilized glucose was oxidized in both periods (79 +/- 36% with A and 84 +/- 45% with B). Whole-body glucose oxidation was substantial under both circumstances: 72 +/- 5% and 77% +/- 6% of the glucose flux was oxidized during partial (A) and full (B) enteral feeding, respectively. Conclusions: Approximately one-third of dietary glucose is utilized during the first pass by the splanchnic tissues, irrespective of the dietary intake. Most of the utilized glucose is used for energy generation. C1 Erasmus Univ, Dept Pediat, Erasmus MC, Sophia Childrens Hosp, NL-3015 GJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP van Goudoever, JB (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Dept Pediat, Erasmus MC, Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dr Molewaterplein 60, NL-3015 GJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM j.vangoudoever@erasmusmc.nl NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 79 IS 5 BP 831 EP 837 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815LU UT WOS:000221044600017 PM 15113722 ER PT J AU Klevay, LM AF Klevay, LM TI Chemical validation of X-ray absorptiometry SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS; ACCURACY; PRECISION; SPINE; WOMEN; DXA C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Klevay, LM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM Iklevay@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 79 IS 5 BP 887 EP 887 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815LU UT WOS:000221044600025 PM 15113731 ER PT J AU Taylor, A AF Taylor, A TI Is hyperleptinemia involved in the development of age-related lens opacities? Reply to J Gomez-Ambrosi et al SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; EXPRESSION; GENE C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Taylor, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM ataylor@hnrc.tufts.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 79 IS 5 BP 889 EP 889 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815LU UT WOS:000221044600028 ER PT J AU Brooks, GA Butte, NF Rand, WM Flatt, JP Caballero, B AF Brooks, GA Butte, NF Rand, WM Flatt, JP Caballero, B TI Chronicle of the Institute of Medicine physical activity recommendation: how a physical activity recommendation came to be among dietary recommendations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2004 Meeting CY APR 19, 2004 CL Washington, DC DE energy; energy expenditure; doubly labeled water; metabolism; macronutrient nutrition; dietary energy intake; exertion ID BASAL METABOLIC-RATE; HARVARD ALUMNI HEALTH; MUSCLE GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; ENERGY-INTAKE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PREDICTIVE EQUATIONS; COLON-CANCER; WEIGHT-LOSS; EXERCISE; RATES AB Under a contract from the US Department of Health and Human Services, a multidisciplinary expert panel was appointed to review "the scientific literature regarding macronutrients and energy and develop estimates of daily intake that are compatible with good nutrition throughout the life span and that may decrease the risk of chronic disease." Within the overall context of the charge, the panel sought to quantify rates and components of daily energy expenditure in healthy adults with body mass indexes (in kg/m(2)) of 18.5-25, in growing children (in the 5th-85th percentiles of weight-for-length), and in pregnant and lactating women. The recommendation for adults became the daily energy intake necessary to cover total daily energy expenditure (TEE). For special cases, dietary macronutrients and energy to support child growth and pregnancy and lactation by women were considered. TEE was based on the results of doubly labeled water studies, and the TEE results were presented in units of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/BEE) and DeltaPAL, where BEE is the basal rate of energy expenditure extrapolated to 24 h. Most adults (66%) maintaining a BMI in the healthful range had PAL values >1.6, or the equivalent of greater than or equal to60 min of physical activity of moderate intensity each day. Hence, on the basis of the doubly labeled water data and the results of epidemiologic studies, the physical activity recommendation for adults was judged to be 60 min/d. The recommendation for children was for a minimum of 60 min/d. In conclusion, dietary and physical activity recommendations for healthful living are inextricably intertwined. Adequate physical activity provides protection against chronic diseases and helps to balance energy expenditure and intake. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Exercise Physiol Lab, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Community Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biochem, Sch Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Human Nutr, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Brooks, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Exercise Physiol Lab, Dept Integrat Biol, 5101 Valley Life Sci Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gbrooks@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 58 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 79 IS 5 BP 921 EP 930 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815LU UT WOS:000221044600036 ER PT J AU Bischoff-Ferrari, HA Dietrich, T Orav, EJ Dawson-Hughes, B AF Bischoff-Ferrari, HA Dietrich, T Orav, EJ Dawson-Hughes, B TI Positive association between 25-hydroxy, vitamin D levels and bone mineral density: A population-based study of younger and older adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION; PARATHYROID-HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS; HEALTHY POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; D INSUFFICIENCY; NHANES-III; ELDERLY-WOMEN; D DEFICIENCY C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med,Div Aging, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Robert B Brigham Arthrit & Musculoskeletal Dis Cl, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Biostat, Div Gen Internal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Charite, Dept Periodontol, Berlin, Germany. Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Bischoff-Ferrari, HA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med,Div Aging, 1620 Tremont St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM hbischof@hsph.harvard.edu OI Dietrich, Thomas/0000-0002-2557-7645 NR 45 TC 403 Z9 425 U1 2 U2 17 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 116 IS 9 BP 634 EP 639 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.12.029 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 816XV UT WOS:000221143500009 PM 15093761 ER PT J AU Zhou, ZX Wang, LP Song, ZY Saari, JT McClain, CJ Kang, YJ AF Zhou, ZX Wang, LP Song, ZY Saari, JT McClain, CJ Kang, YJ TI Abrogation of nuclear factor-kappa B activation is involved in zinc inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and liver injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT KUPFFER CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; INTRACELLULAR ZINC; FLUORESCENT-PROBE; GENE-EXPRESSION; METALLOTHIONEIN; MICE AB Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha) release from Kupffer cells is critically involved in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. We recently reported that inhibition of alcohol-induced plasma endotoxin elevation contributes to the protective action of zinc against alcoholic hepatotoxicity. The present study was undertaken to determine whether zinc interferes with the endotoxin-TNF-alpha signaling pathway, and possible mechanism(s) by which zinc modulates the endotoxin-TNF-a signaling. Administration of LPS to metallothionein (MT)-knockout (MT-KO) mice and 129/Sv wild-type (WT) controls at 4 mg/kg induced hepatic TNF-a elevation at 1.5 hours, followed by liver injury at 3 hours. Zinc pretreatment (two doses at 5 mg/kg) attenuated TNF-a production and liver injury in both MT-KO and WT mice, indicating a MT-Independent action of zinc. Immunohistochemical detection of the phosphorylation of I-kappaB and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in the liver of MT-KO mice demonstrated that zinc pretreatment abrogated LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation in the Kupffer cells. Fluorescent microscopy of superoxide by dihydroethidine and of zinc ions by Zinquin in the liver of MT-KO mice showed that zinc pretreatment increased the intracellular labile zinc ions and inhibited LPS-induced superoxide generation. These results demonstrate that zinc inhibits LPS-induced hepatic TNF-a production through abrogation of oxidative stress-sensitive NF-kappaB pathway, and the action of zinc is independent of MT. Thus, zinc may be beneficial in the treatment of LPS-induced liver injuries, such as sepsis and alcoholism. C1 Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Louisville, KY USA. USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Dept Med, 511 S Floyd St,MDR 525, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM z0zhou01@louisville.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL59225, R01 HL059225]; NIAAA NIH HHS [AA13601, AA10762, R21 AA013601, AA10496, R01 AA010762, R01 AA010496, R37 AA010762] NR 50 TC 52 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 EI 1525-2191 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 164 IS 5 BP 1547 EP 1556 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63713-3 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 815LC UT WOS:000221042800006 PM 15111301 ER PT J AU Essah, SYC Honeycutt, CW AF Essah, SYC Honeycutt, CW TI Tillage and seed-sprouting strategies to improve potato yield and quality in short season climates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Russet Burbank; raised bed; ridge till; chisel plow; tuber yield and quality ID SEMIARID EASTERN INDONESIA; PHYSIOLOGICAL AGE; GROWTH; IRRIGATION; CULTIVARS; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; TUBERS AB Management practices that accelerate crop development and allow earlier harvest would be beneficial in short-season potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production areas. Yield and quality of the potato cultivar 'Russet Burbank' were evaluated in a 2-yr study in northern Maine to determine effects of soil tillage and seed-sprouting treatments designed to dry soil early in the spring and hasten seed emergence. The tillage treatments, consisting of fall raised bed (RB), fall ridge tin (RT), and spring chisel plow (CH), were tested in combination with green-sprouted and non-sprouted seed tubers on a Caribou gravelly loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, frigid, Typic Haplorthod). Plants from green-sprouted seed emerged earlier than from non-sprouted seed tubers (87%-96% vs 21%-37%, respectively, at 18 days after planting [DAP] in 2000; and 73%-88% vs 18%-23%, respectively, at 20 DAP in 2001). Green-sprouted seed tubers in RB yielded 4.6 to 5.9 T ha(-1) more than nonsprouted seed tubers in RB. However, non-sprouted seed tubers yielded higher than green-sprouted seed tubers in RT by 2.9 to 4.2 T ha(-1) and in CH by 1.1 to 4.1 T ha(-1). Similarly, green-sprouted seed tubers in RB and nonsprouted seed tubers in RT and CH produced higher marketable yield, greater tuber length, and greater tuber diameter than the corresponding seed-sprouting treatment. In the comparatively wetter year (2000), the use of green-sprouted seed tubers in RB significantly increased total and marketable yields, and produced longer and larger tubers than all other treatments. However, in 2001 (relatively dry year), yield and quality from green-sprouted seed tubers in RB did not differ from non-sprouted seed in RT or CH. Green-sprouted seed produced fewer sunburned and rotten tubers, but more misshapen tubers than non-sprouted seed in RB tillage. The technique of producing Russet Burbank potatoes in raised beds is a promising system in regions with short growing seasons for enhancing early soil drainage during spring and improving soil water retention during critical periods of crop growth and development. C1 USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. Colorado State Univ, San Luis Valley Res Ctr, Center, CO 81125 USA. RP Honeycutt, CW (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM honeycut@maine.edu NR 30 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU POTATO ASSOC AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE, 5715 COBURN HALL, RM 6, ORONO, ME 04469-5715 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 3 BP 177 EP 186 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 832QW UT WOS:000222283000002 ER PT J AU Boydston, RA Mojtahedi, H Crosslin, JM Thomas, PE Anderson, T Riga, E AF Boydston, RA Mojtahedi, H Crosslin, JM Thomas, PE Anderson, T Riga, E TI Evidence for the influence of weeds on corky ringspot persistence in alfalfa and Scotch spearmint rotations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE potato; Paratrichodorus allius; stubby root nematode; tobacco rattle virus; virus reservoir; weed hosts ID TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS; PARATRICHODORUS-ALLIUS; POTATO; DISEASE; ECOLOGY; OREGON; CROPS; HOSTS AB Corky ringspot disease (CRS) of potato is caused by tobacco rattle virus (TRV). The virus is transmitted by the stubby root nematode (Paratrichodorus allius) in the Pacific Northwest potato-producing regions. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and Scotch spearmint (Mentha cardiaca Baker) rarely serve as hosts for TRV. Therefore, P. allius reared on these plants for 1 to 3 months are cleansed of TRV in greenhouse trials. However, weeds in alfalfa and Scotch spearmint rotation crops may serve as hosts for the virus. In greenhouse trials, hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides), prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola), henbit (Lamium amplexicaule) and, green foxtail (Setaria viridis) grown alone were found to be suitable hosts of P. allius, whereas Powell amaranth (Amaranthus powellii) was not. Viruliferous P. allius added to hairy nightshade, prickly lettuce, henbit, green foxtail, or Powell amaranth in mixtures with alfalfa and/or Scotch spearmint occasionally remained viruliferous over a 3- to 4-month period, whereas P. allius maintained on weed-free alfalfa or Scotch spearmint became virus-free after I to 2 months. Potato grown in soil containing P. allius that had been maintained on weed-alfalfa or weed-Scotch spearmint mixtures for 3 to 4 months exhibited slight to severe CRS symptoms on new tubers, whereas potato following weed-free Scotch spearmint or alfalfa were free from CRS symptoms. Severe CRS symptoms on potato tubers were only observed when potatoes were grown in soil containing P. allius that were maintained on hairy nightshade or hairy nightshade mixtures with alfalfa or Scotch spearmint. These preliminary data suggest that the presence of weeds that serve as hosts of both TRV and P. allius may nullify the positive effects of growing alfalfa or Scotch spearmint for CRS control. Targeted control efforts of known weed hosts may be required to successfully eliminate CRS from fields using alfalfa and Scotch spearmint rotational crops. C1 USDA ARS, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Serv, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. Washington State Univ, Ctr Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Boydston, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Serv, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM boydston@pars.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU POTATO ASSOC AMER PI ORONO PA UNIV MAINE, 5715 COBURN HALL, RM 6, ORONO, ME 04469-5715 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 3 BP 215 EP 225 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 832QW UT WOS:000222283000007 ER PT J AU Lopes, VC Velayudhan, BT Halvorson, DA Lauer, DC Gast, RK Nagaraja, KV AF Lopes, VC Velayudhan, BT Halvorson, DA Lauer, DC Gast, RK Nagaraja, KV TI Comparison of methods for differentiation of Salmonella entefica serovar Enteritidis phage type 4 isolates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ENTERICA SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; STRAINS; OUTBREAKS; SURVEILLANCE; SEQUENCES; CHICKS; PCR AB Objective-To compare molecular typing methods for the differentiation of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type (PT) 4 isolates that allowed for the determination of their genetic relatedness. Sample Population-27 Salmonella Enteritidis PT 4 strains isolated in the United States and Europe. Procedure-Several molecular typing methods were performed to assess their ability to genetically differentiate among Salmonella Enteritidis PT 4 isolates. Results of pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), repetitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, random amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism of 16S rRNA, and antimicrobial susceptibility were evaluated. Results-Compared with results for other techniques, results for the RAPID typing method with the RAPD1 primer reveal that it was the most discriminatory fingerprinting technique, and it allowed us to cluster Salmonella Enteritidis PT 4 isolates on the basis of their genetic similarity. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-This study revealed the value of RAPID with the RAPD1 primer as a tool for epidemiologic investigations of Salmonella Enteritidis PT4. It can be used in conjunction with PFGE and phage typing to determine the genetic relatedness of Salmonella Enteritidis isolates involved in outbreaks of disease. A reliable and highly discriminatory method for epidemiologic investigations is critical to allow investigators to identify the source of infections and consequently prevent the spread of Salmonella enteritidis PT 4. C1 Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Minnesota Board Anim Hlth, Minnesota Poultry Testing Lab, Willmar, MN 56201 USA. USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Nagaraja, KV (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathobiol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 65 IS 5 BP 538 EP 543 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.538 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 814VK UT WOS:000221002000001 PM 15141870 ER PT J AU Fajt, VR Apley, MD Brogden, KA Skogerboe, TL Shostrom, VK Chin, YL AF Fajt, VR Apley, MD Brogden, KA Skogerboe, TL Shostrom, VK Chin, YL TI Effect of danofloxacin and tilmicosin on body temperatures of beef calves with pneumonia experimentally induced by inoculation with Mannheimia haemolytica SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FEEDLOT STEERS; PASTEURELLOSIS AB Objective - To examine effects of danofloxacin and tilmicosin on continuously recorded body temperature in beef calves with pneumonia experimentally induced by inoculation of Mannheimia haemolytica. Animals - 41 Angus-cross heifers (body weight, 160 to 220 kg) without a recent history of respiratory tract disease or antimicrobial treatment, all from a single ranch. Procedure - Radiotransmitters were implanted intravaginally in each calf. Pneumonia was induced intrabronchially by use of logarithmic-phase cultures of M haemolytica. At 21 hours after inoculation, calves were treated with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, danofloxacin, or tilmicosin. Body temperature was monitored from 66 hours before inoculation until 72 hours after treatment. Area under the curve (AUC) of the temperature-time plot and mean temperature were calculated for 3-hour intervals and compared among treatment groups. Results - The AUCs for 3-hour intervals did not differ significantly among treatment groups for any of the time periods. Analysis of the mean temperature for 3-hour intervals revealed significantly higher temperatures at most time periods for saline-treated calves, compared with temperatures for antimicrobial-treated calves; however, we did not detect significant differences between the danofloxacin- and tilmicosin-treated calves, The circadian rhythm of temperatures before exposure was detected again approximately 48 hours after bacterial inoculation. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - Danofloxacin and tilmicosin did not differ in their effect on mean body temperature for 3-hour intervals but significantly decreased body temperature, compared with body temperature in saline-treated calves. Normal daily variation in body temperature must be considered in the face of respiratory tract disease during clinical evaluation of feedlot cattle. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Pfizer Anim Hlth, Clin Dev, Lees Summit, MO 64081 USA. Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Fajt, VR (reprint author), 6 Sedum Ct, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA. OI Fajt, Virginia/0000-0003-0697-7149 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 65 IS 5 BP 610 EP 615 DI 10.2460/ajvr.2004.65.610 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 814VK UT WOS:000221002000012 PM 15141881 ER PT J AU Kehayias, JJ AF Kehayias, JJ TI Use of D-T-produced fast neutrons for in vivo body composition analysis: a reference method for nutritional assessment in the elderly SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Isotopic and Nuclear Analytical Techniques for Heatlh and Envirnment CY JUN 10-13, 2003 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Int Atom Engergy Acgy DE neutron activation; neutron inelastic scattering; muscle; protein; nitrogen; aging; D-T ID MEDICAL APPLICATIONS; ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; FAT; CARBON AB Body composition has become the main outcome of many nutritional intervention studies including osteoporosis, malnutrition, obesity, AIDS, and aging. Traditional indirect body composition methods developed with healthy young adults do not apply to the elderly or diseased. Fast neutron activation (for N and P) and neutron inelastic scattering (for C and O) are used to assess in vivo elements characteristic of specific body compartments. Non-bone phosphorus for muscle is measured by the P-31(n,alpha)Al-28 reaction, and nitrogen for protein via the N-14(n,2n)N-13 fast neutron reaction. Inelastic neutron scattering is used to measure total body carbon and oxygen. Body fat is derived from carbon after correcting for contributions from protein, bone, and glycogen. Carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) is used to measure the distribution of fat and lean tissue in the body and to monitor small changes of lean mass. A sealed, D-T neutron generator is used for the production of fast neutrons. Carbon and oxygen mass and their ratio are measured in vivo at a radiation exposure of less than 0.06 mSv. Gamma-ray spectra are collected using large BGO detectors and analyzed for the 4.43 MeV state of carbon and 6.13 MeV state of oxygen, simultaneously with the irradiation. P and N analysis by delayed fast neutron activation is performed by transferring the patient to a shielded room equipped with an array of NaI(Tl) detectors. A combination of measurements makes possible the assessment of the "quality" of fat-free mass. The neutron generator system is used to evaluate the efficacy of new treatments, to study mechanisms of lean tissue depletion with aging, and to investigate methods for preserving function and quality of life in the elderly. It is also used as a reference method for the validation of portable instruments of nutritional assessment. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Kehayias, JJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM joseph.kehayias@tufts.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 379 IS 2 BP 188 EP 191 DI 10.1007/s00216-003-2479-8 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 817QE UT WOS:000221191200003 PM 14747891 ER PT J AU Yen, SH Solis, MA Goolsby, JA AF Yen, SH Solis, MA Goolsby, JA TI Austromusotima, a new musotimine genus (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) feeding on old world climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Schizaeaceae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE cataclystiforin wing pattern; Australia; Papua New Guinea; Indonesia; Cataclysta ID TYMPANIC ORGANS; PYRALOIDEA; PYRALIDAE; AUSTRALIA; GLOSSATA; ASIA AB During the search for natural enemies of Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. (Schizaeaceae), in Australia and southeastern Asia, Cataclysta camptozonale (Hampson) was found to be highly specific to this aggressive vine and was tested as a biological control agent. This musotimine moth species has long been misplaced in a European acentropine genus; therefore, we propose Austromusotima, new genus, to accommodate Austromusotima camptozonale, new combination, as the type species. The syntype series of Oligostima camptozonale is a mixture of specimens of the former species (sensu stricto) and its sibling, Austromusotima metastictalis (Hampson), new combination. A lectotype is designated for A. camptozonale to stabilize the use of the name. The immature stages of A. camptozonale are described and compared with other known musotimine immatures. The immatures of Eugauria albidenta (Hampson) and Cataclysta angulata Moore are illustrated for the first time. Austromusotima is most closely related to Cataclysta seriopunctalis Hampson based on adult morphological characters, but immatures of C. seriopunctalis are unknown, and therefore, this species is not included in Austromusotima. The important, yet incongruent, results between immature and adult characters are discussed in the context of phylogenetic relationships of Austromusotima to other taxa. C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, Ascot SL5 7YP, Berks, England. Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England. Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. USDA ARS, Australian Biol Control Lab, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia. RP Yen, SH (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, Silwood Pk, Ascot SL5 7YP, Berks, England. EM shenhornyen@hotmail.com; asolis@sel.barc.usda.gov; john.goolsby@csiro.au NR 49 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 397 EP 410 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0397:AANMGL]2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900005 ER PT J AU Weathersbee, AA Mckenzie, CL Tang, YQ AF Weathersbee, AA Mckenzie, CL Tang, YQ TI Host plant and temperature effects on Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Hymenoptera : Aphidiidae), a native parasitoid of the exotic brown citrus aphid (Homoptera : Aphididae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Toxoptera citricida; biological control; citrus; multitrophic ID TOXOPTERA-CITRICIDA HOMOPTERA; KIRKALDY HOMOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INSECT HERBIVORES; TRIOXYS-INDICUS; BEHAVIOR; SURVIVORSHIP; REPRODUCTION; BIONOMICS; IMPACT AB The brown citrus aphid, Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy), is an exotic pest of citrus in the United States that was introduced into Florida in 1995. The native parasitoid Lysiphlebu, testaceipes (Cresson) has demonstrated acceptance of the brown citrus aphid as a host. This experiment evaluated the effect of citrus host plants on brown citrus aphid parasitism by L, testaceipes, and the effect of temperature on development of the parasitoid. The levels of parasitism achieved by L. testaceipes were similar among brown citrus aphid populations on five citrus cultivars used as host plants for the aphids (range 34-36%). The percentage of adult parasitoid emergence was highest on 'Duncan grapefruit' (82%) and significantly lower on 'Mexican lime' (63%) than on any of the other citrus cultivars. The proportion of adults that were female was significantly higher on 'Duncan grapefruit' (81%) than on any of the other cultivars. The results demonstrate that the effects of multiple trophic levels can influence parasitoid performance in a cascading manner. The developmental periods for both male and female L. testaceipes on the brown citrus aphid declined from 21 to 9 d with ascending temperatures in the range 18-27degreesC. The developmental threshold was 10.4degreesC and the degree-day (DD) requirement for development was 158.7 DD, indicating that the temperature conditions experienced in Florida are conducive to rapid development of L. testaceipes on the brown citrus aphid. C1 USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Weathersbee, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM aweathersbee@ushrl.ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 476 EP 480 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0476:HPATEO]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900012 ER PT J AU Sivinski, J Aluja, M Pinero, J Ojeda, M AF Sivinski, J Aluja, M Pinero, J Ojeda, M TI Novel analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of resource use in a group of tephritid flies of the genus Anastrepha SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE resource use; spatial distribution; competition; habitat partitioning; altitudinal transect ID FRUIT-FLY; PARASITOIDS HYMENOPTERA; LARVAL-PUPAL; HOST-PLANT; DIPTERA; DISTRIBUTIONS; MEXICO; TREES; CANOPIES; EGGS AB The spatial and temporal patterns of oviposition-resource use of various Anastrepha spp. fruit flies within the canopies of individual fruit trees were determined over periods of 4-6 yr in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. The flies examined were Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart). Anastrepha striata Schiner, Anastrepha fracterculus (Wiedemann), and Anastrepha alveata Stone, and their respective hosts were Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae), Psidium, guajava L., Psidium sartorianum (Berg.) Ndzu (Myrtacaea), and Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae). The canopies were divided into six sectors: three strata (vertical planes of low, middle, and high canopy) and an exterior and interior component of the various heights. All ripe fruits produced by each tree species were individually harvested, weighed, and maintained until all larvae had exited and pupated. Because of the commonly positive correlation between fruit size and infestation, fly distributions were described using a novel technique, two-level hierarchal regression analysis, as deviations from the expected numbers of insects in a sector given the distributions of fruit weights within the canopy. Overall, there was a tendency for A. alveata to be more abundant in the lower portions of the tree, for A. striata to be more abundant in the upper, for A. obliqua to be less abundant in the upper, and for A. fraterculus to be uniformly distributed. The yearly densities of A. striata and A. fraterculus within the P. guajava tree were negatively correlated, and this seems to be due to annual changes in environment rather than to exploitive competition for oviposition resources. Along an altitudinal gradient (0-1,800 in) A. striata was more abundant than A. fraterculus at sea level and relatively less abundant at altitudes of 1000 m and higher. We suggest that habitat characteristics (oviposition-resource availability and quality, and microclimatic variables), intraspecific competition, and the behaviors of natural enemies and frugivores are potentially important interactive factors that influence the distribution of resource use to a different extent in each of the tephritid species. C1 USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Sivinski, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, POB 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM jsivinski@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 504 EP 512 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0504:NAOSAT]2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900016 ER PT J AU Chang, CL Caceres, C Jang, EB AF Chang, CL Caceres, C Jang, EB TI A novel liquid larval diet and its rearing system for melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE liquid diet; fruit fly diet; Bactrocera cucurbitae ID MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLIES; MASS-PRODUCTION; CALLIPHORIDAE; SCREWWORM AB A liquid larval diet and its rearing system for Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett fruit fly production were developed, The diet was composed of brewer's yeast, sugar, antifungal agents (sodium benzoate and nipagen), citric acid, and distilled water. Sponge cloth placed in rearing trays was used as a support substrate for larvae, alleviating the need for the traditional (mill feed) bulking agent. Larval rearing of B. cucurbitae on this diet resulted in approximate to20% less pupal production and approximate to10% lighter pupal weight than front the control diet, whereas pupal density, adult emergence, adult fliers, and egg hatch showed no significant discrepancies. Pupal recovery increased with yeast concentrations up to 14.2%. Benefits derived front a liquid diet include reduction in postrearing waste, alleviation of (pesticide-free) bulking agent, and reduction in diet ingredient storage and labor. These benefits must be weighed against any reductions in production and size when large-scale mass rearing of fruit flies for use in sterile insect release programs are evaluated. C1 ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. FAO, Entomol Unit, IAEA, Agr & Biotechnol Lab, A-24444 Seibersdorf, Austria. ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2727 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 524 EP 528 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0524:ANLLDA]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900019 ER PT J AU Chang, CL AF Chang, CL TI Effect of amino acids on larvae and adults of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE amino acids; glycine; serine; larval diet; insect diet ID NUTRITIONAL-REQUIREMENTS; OLEAE; REPRODUCTION; SURVIVAL; LONGEVITY; DIETS; FLY AB Grouped or individual amino acids from two diets were deleted to evaluate the effects of amino acids on larvae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Larvae died when fed with diets free of 10 exogenous essential amino acids (arginine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, histidine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine) or containing nine exogenous amino acids with removal of any one of the 10 essential amino acids. However, when larvae were reared on diets lacking all eight of the exogenous nonessential amino acids together (alanine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine), or either glycine or serine, they, survived but exhibited significantly delayed larval development. When adults fed on a diet lacking all 10 essential amino acids or all eight nonessential amino acids, no effect on adult survivorship, sexual maturity, or egg hatch was observed, but the fecundity was significantly reduced. Removal of arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, tryptophan, or valine from adult diets decreased fecundity significantly. C1 ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2727 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 529 EP 535 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0529:EOAAOL]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900020 ER PT J AU Chang, CL Li, QX AF Chang, CL Li, QX TI Dosage effects between dietary niacin and other B vitamins on larval development of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE niacin; nicotinic acid; diet; larval diet ID GROWTH; REPRODUCTION AB The nutritional interaction between niacin (nicotinic acid) and a group of nine other B vitamins in the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), larval diet was evaluated. Four doses of niacin (0, 0.2, 2.0, and 20 ppm) and four doses of a mixture of nine other B vitamins (0, 7.07, 70.7, and 707 ppm) in the diet were cross-tested. The other B vitamins consisted of thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, folic acid, biotin, inositol, choline chloride, and p-amino benzoic acid. Diets with high doses (greater than or equal to70.7 ppm) of the other B vitamins and low doses (less than or equal to0.2 ppm) of niacin resulted in no pupal recovery. However, a delayed larval duration and reduced pupal recovery resulted, hen no niacin and 7.07 ppm or lower of the other B vitamins were compared with those from a complete diet that contained 20 ppm niacin and 707 ppm of the other B vitamins. With omission of the other B vitamins, larval duration was delayed but was not dose dependent on niacin. Pupal recovery was not affected if niacin levels were maintained at or >0.2 ppm and the other B vitamins were absent. With 20 ppm of niacin in the diet, the larval duration and pupal recovery were dependent on the dose of the other B vitamins. Larval durations were shortened with elevated doses of the other B vitamins, whereas pupal recoveries increased with elevated dose of the other B vitamins. Therefore, the other vitamins reduced the larval duration when niacin was maintained at greater than or equal to2 ppm. When the niacin levels decreased to less than or equal to0.2 ppm, doses of the other vitamins has to be reduced <7.07 ppm to maintain normal larval development. C1 ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2727 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM schang@pbarc.ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 536 EP 540 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0536:DEBDNA]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900021 ER PT J AU de Leon, JH Jones, NA AF de Leon, JH Jones, NA TI Detection of DNA Polymorphisms in Homalodisca coagulata (Homoptera : Cicadellidae) by polymerase chain reaction-based DNA fingerprinting methods SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE DNA fingerprinting; sharpshooter; H. coagulata ID RICKETTSIA-LIKE BACTERIUM; XYLEM-LIMITED BACTERIA; LEAF SCORCH DISEASE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BOMBYX-MORI; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; REACTION AMPLIFICATION; RAPD-PCR; MARKERS; FASTIDIOSA AB DNA polymorphisms were detected in Homalodisca coagulata (Say) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) with the following DNA fingerprinting methods: inter-simple sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) and printer pair-ISSR-PCR (pp-ISSR-PCR), randomly amplified microsatellite polymophisms (RAMP), selective amplification of microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL), and primer pair-random amplification of polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (pp-RAPD-PCR). But first, a small-scale DNA fingerprinting screening procedure was initiated with these methods with a few individual insects to estimate the most sensitive and efficient method(s). In total, 205 polymorphic markers were generated with the four methods. The efficiency ratio estimated the following order for each method: 1) pp-ISSR-PCR and ISSR-PCR, 2) RAMP, 3) pp-RAPD-PCR, and 4) SAMPL. The screening efficiency ratio estimated that pp-ISSR-PCR and ISSR-PCR were the most efficient methods. DNA polymorphisms were detected in a natural population of 10-30 insects. The number of polymorphic loci ranged from five (pp-RAPD-PCR reaction 6) to 32 (ISSR-PCR primer 13), and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 100% for most primers tested. DNA fingerprinting methods tested were able to detect geographic variation in populations of H. coagulata from Bakersfield and Riverside, CA, and Weslaco, TX. Dendrograms based on Nei's genetic distance showed that H. coagulata from Bakersfield and Riverside formed a cluster separate from Weslaco in three DNA fingerprinting reactions tested incorporating simple sequence repeats. DNA fingerprinting methods tested were also able to distinguish between three Homalodisca sharpshooters: H. coagulata, Homatodisca insolita (Walker), and Homalodisca liturata (Ball). The present results confirmed the utility of the DNA fingerprinting screening procedure and demonstrated, for the first time, genetic variation in natural populations of glassy-winged sharpshooters by PCR-based DNA fingerprinting methods. C1 USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP de Leon, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 59 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 97 IS 3 BP 574 EP 585 DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0574:DODPIH]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 823XF UT WOS:000221646900026 ER PT J AU Baskin, CR Garcia-Sastre, A Tumpey, TM Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H Carter, VS Katze, MG AF Baskin, CR Garcia-Sastre, A Tumpey, TM Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H Carter, VS Katze, MG TI Integration of clinical data, pathology, and cDNA arrays in influenza-infected pigtail macaques: A novel approach for understanding the genetic basis of virulence SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th International Conference on Antiviral Resarch CY MAY 02-06, 2004 CL Tucson, AZ SP Int Soc Antiviral Res, Hilton El Conquistador Hotel C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Reg Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 62 IS 2 MA 153 BP A87 EP A87 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 816XO UT WOS:000221142800154 ER PT J AU Kurtzman, CP AF Kurtzman, CP TI Trichomonascus petasosporus sp nov and Sympodiomyces indianaensis sp nov., two new members of the Saccharomycetales SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE molecular systematics; new ascomycete yeasts; ribosomal DNA; Sympodiomyces; Trichomonascus ID YEASTS AB Two new yeasts are described that were recognized as novel from nucleotide divergence in domains D1/D2 of 26S rDNA. The new species and their type strains are the following: Trichomonascus petasosporus NRRL YB-2092(T) (CBS 9602(T)), mating type a, NRRL YB-2093 (CBS 9603), mating type alpha, and Sympodiomyces indianaensis NRRL YB-1950(T) (CBS 9600T). Phylogenetic analysis placed the two new taxa, which are sister species, in the Sympodiomyces clade near Blastobotrys/Stephanoascus farinosus. Placement of Trichomonascus in the Saccharomycetales resolves the earlier uncertainties surrounding the classification of this morphologically unusual genus. C1 ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kurtzman, CP (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kurtzman@ncaur.usda.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD MAY PY 2004 VL 85 IS 4 BP 297 EP 304 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 804LK UT WOS:000220300000005 PM 15031643 ER PT J AU Neumann, P Elzen, PJ AF Neumann, P Elzen, PJ TI The biology of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, Coleoptera : Nitidulidae): Gaps in our knowledge of an invasive species SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Review DE Apis mellifera; Aethina tumida; honeybee; invasive species; small hive beetle ID HONEYBEES APIS-MELLIFERA; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; BUMBLE BEE; SOCIAL ENCAPSULATION; MURRAY COLEOPTERA; SCIENTIFIC NOTE; COLONIES; PEST; CAPE AB Small hive beetles, Aethina tumida, are honeybee parasites native to Africa, where they are a minor pest only. In contrast, the beetles can be harmful parasites of European honeybee subspecies. Resistance of African subspecies to infestations is probably due to quantitative differences in a series of behaviours such as absconding, aggression, removal of parasite eggs and larvae and social encapsulation. The beetles use counter-resistance tactics such as defence posture, dropping, hiding, escape, egg laying in small gaps and trophallactic mimicry. Small hive beetles are efficient in long-range transportation (US: 1996, Australia: 2002) and can establish populations in temperate regions due to their overwintering capacity in honeybee clusters. Host shifts to other bee species may also occur. Thus, small hive beetles have the potential to become a global threat to apiculture and wild bee populations. However, our knowledge of the small hive beetle is still limited, creating demand for more research in all areas of its biology. C1 Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Zool, D-06099 Halle Saale, Germany. Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Neumann, P (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Zool, Krollwitzerstr 44, D-06099 Halle Saale, Germany. EM p.neumann@zoologie.uni-halle.de NR 100 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 3 U2 23 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 35 IS 3 BP 229 EP 247 DI 10.1051/apido:2004010 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830GE UT WOS:000222109300001 ER PT J AU Kochansky, J Nasr, M AF Kochansky, J Nasr, M TI Laboratory studies on the photostability of fumagillin, the active ingredient of Fumidil B SO APIDOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE fumagillin; stability; photolysis; nosema disease; Apis mellifera ID OVERWINTERED COLONIES; NOSEMA-APIS; HONEY; DRY AB Fumagillin (as the dicyclohexylammonium salt) has been found to be extremely unstable when solutions in 50% ethanol are exposed to sunlight in small vials, undergoing a series of degradations with half-lives in the range of seconds to minutes. Similar results were obtained with photolyses of Fumidil B in either 50% ethanol or sugar syrup. Decomposition also occurred in fluorescent room light. Exposure of fumagillin to sunlight for three days caused almost complete disappearance of UV absorption of fumagillin and all its immediate photoproducts. The reactions involved in the photolyses are apparently reversible Z:E rearrangements in the unsaturated ester portion of the molecule, and do not involve the pharmacologically active moiety. Samples of fumagillin in syrup, irradiated for 0, 0.5, 5, 30, or 360 minutes were all effective in protecting caged bees from nosema disease. While long exposures to sunlight probably should be avoided, brief exposure causes no obvious loss of activity. C1 USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Kochansky, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Bldg 476,BARC-E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kochansj@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI LES ULIS CEDEXA PA 7, AVE DU HOGGAR, PARC D ACTIVITES COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEXA, FRANCE SN 0044-8435 J9 APIDOLOGIE JI Apidologie PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 35 IS 3 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1051/apido:2004017 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 830GE UT WOS:000222109300007 ER PT J AU Guard-Bouldin, J Gast, RK Humphrey, TJ Henzler, DJ Morales, C Coles, K AF Guard-Bouldin, J Gast, RK Humphrey, TJ Henzler, DJ Morales, C Coles, K TI Subpopulation characteristics of egg-contaminating Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis as defined by the lipopolysaccharide O chain SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIETARY LACTOSE; TYPHIMURIUM COLONIZATION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOFILM FORMATION; PHAGE TYPE-4; LAYING HENS; HOST-CELLS; IN-VIVO; VIRULENCE; MODEL AB Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis was refined by incorporating new data from isolates obtained from avian sources, from the spleens of naturally infected mice, and from the United Kingdom into an existing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-chain compositional database. From least to greatest, the probability of avian isolates producing high-molecular-mass LPS O chain ranked as follows: pooled kidney, liver, and spleen; intestine; cecum; ovary and oviduct; albumen; yolk; and whole egg. Mouse isolates were most like avian intestinal samples, whereas United Kingdom isolates were most like those from the avian reproductive tract and egg. Non-reproductive tract organ isolates had significant loss of O chain. Isogenic isolates that varied in ability to make biofilm and to be orally invasive produced different O-chain structures at 25degreesC but not at 37degreesC. Hens infected at a 91:9 biofilm-positive/-negative colony phenotype ratio yielded only the negative phenotype from eggs. These results indicate that the environment within the hen applies stringent selection pressure on subpopulations of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis at certain points in the infection pathway that ends in egg contamination. The avian cecum, rather than the intestines, is the early interface between the environment and the host that supports emergence of subpopulation diversity. These results suggest that diet and other factors that alter cecal physiology should be investigated as a means to reduce egg contamination. C1 USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Univ Bristol, Div Food Anim Sci, Bristol BS40 5DU, Avon, England. Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA USA. RP Guard-Bouldin, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jbouldin@seprl.usda.gov NR 52 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2756 EP 2763 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.5.2756-2763.2004 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 819UD UT WOS:000221340400025 PM 15128529 ER PT J AU Yap, MN Barak, JD Charkowski, AO AF Yap, MN Barak, JD Charkowski, AO TI Genomic diversity of Erwinia carotovora subsp carotovora and its correlation with virulence SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; SOFT-ROT ERWINIAS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; SSP CAROTOVORA; HRP GENES; STRAINS; CHRYSANTHEMI; SALMONELLA AB We used genetic and biochemical methods to examine the genomic diversity of the enterobacterial plant pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. The results obtained with each method showed that E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strains isolated from one ecological niche, potato plants, are surprisingly diverse compared to related pathogens. A comparison of 23 partial mdh sequences revealed a maximum pairwise difference of 10.49% and an average pairwise difference of 2.13%, values which are much greater than the maximum variation (1.81%) and average variation (0.75%) previously reported for Evcherichia coli. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of I-CeuI-digested genomic DNA revealed seven rrn operons in all E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strains examined except strain WPP17, which had only six copies. We identified 26 I-CeuI restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns and observed significant polymorphism in fragment sizes ranging from 100 to 450 kb for all strains. We detected large plasmids in two strains, including the model strain E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 71. The two least virulent strains had an unusual chromosomal structure, suggesting that a particular pulsotype is correlated with virulence. To compare chromosomal organization of multiple enterobacterial genomes, several genes were mapped onto I-CeuI fragments. We identified portions of the genome that appear to be conserved across enterobacteria and portions that have undergone genome rearrangements. We found that the least virulent strain, WPP17, failed to oxidize cellobiose and was missing several hrp and hrc genes. The unexpected variability among isolates obtained from clonal hosts in one region and in one season suggests that factors other than the host plant, potato, drive the evolution of this common environmental bacterium and key plant pathogen. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Charkowski, AO (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Rd, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM amye@plantpath.wise.edu NR 46 TC 53 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 3013 EP 3023 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.5.3013-3023.2004 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 819UD UT WOS:000221340400059 PM 15128563 ER PT J AU Chen, JQ Stevenson, DM Weimer, PJ AF Chen, JQ Stevenson, DM Weimer, PJ TI Albusin B, a bacteriocin from the ruminal bacterium Ruminococcus albus 7 that inhibits growth of Ruminococus flavefaciens SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TARGETED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA; FIBROLYTIC BACTERIA; ENDOGLUCANASE GENE; COMPETITION; FIBRISOLVENS; RUMEN; SEQUENCE; CLONING AB An similar to32-kDa protein (albusin B) that inhibited growth of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 was isolated from culture supernatants of Ruminococcus albus 7. Traditional cloning and gene-walking PCR techniques revealed an open reading frame (albB) encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 32,168 Da. A BLAST search revealed two homologs of AlbB from the unfinished genome of R. albus 8 and moderate similarity to LlpA, a recently described 30-kDa bacteriocin from Pseudomonas sp. strain BW11A1. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Weimer, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM pjweimer@wisc.edu NR 30 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 70 IS 5 BP 3167 EP 3170 DI 10.1128/AEM.70.5.3167-3170.2004 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 819UD UT WOS:000221340400081 PM 15128585 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Fausey, NR Peters, L Chen, C Daniels, JJ Youn, H AF Allred, BJ Fausey, NR Peters, L Chen, C Daniels, JJ Youn, H TI Detection of buried agricultural drainage pipe with geophysical methods SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-Engineers CY JUL 28-31, 2002 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers DE ground penetrating radar; geomagnetic surveying; electromagnetic induction; resistivity ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; IDENTIFICATION AB One of the more frustrating problems confronting farmers and land improvement contractors in the Midwest United States involves locating buried agricultural drainage pipes. Enhancing the efficiency of soil water removal on land already containing a subsurface drainage system typically involves installing new drain lines between the old ones. However, before this approach can be attempted, the older drain lines need to be located. Conventional geophysical methods have the potential to provide a solution to this problem. Therefore, in order to determine a better way to detect buried drainage pipe, the abilities of four near-surface geophysical methods were investigated, including geomagnetic surveying, electromagnetic induction, resistivity, and ground penetrating radar (GPR). Of these four, only GPR proved capable of finding agricultural drainage pipe. Furthermore, GPR grid surveys were conducted in southwest, central, and northwest Ohio at 11 test plots containing subsurface drainage systems, and in regard to locating the total amount of pipe present at each site, this technology was shown to have an average effectiveness of 81% (100% of the pipe was,found at six sites, 90% at one site, 75% at two sites, 50% at one site, and 0% at one site.) GPR proved, on the whole, to be successful in finding clay tile and corrugated plastic tubing drainage pipe clown to depths of approximately 1 m (3,ft) within a variety of different soil materials. Consequently, although more research is certainly warranted, ground penetrating radar methods appear to have excellent potential with respect to agricultural drainage pipe detection. C1 ARS, USDA, SDRU, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SDRU, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM allred.13@osu.edu RI Chen, Chi-Chih/O-2298-2013 OI Chen, Chi-Chih/0000-0001-6016-7708 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 307 EP 318 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 828KD UT WOS:000221971300007 ER PT J AU Butts, CL Williams, EJ AF Butts, CL Williams, EJ TI Measuring airflow distribution in peanut drying trailers SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE peanuts; curing; drying; uniformity AB A method to measure airflow distribution exhausted from a filled peanut drying trailer was developed. Six 6.4-m peanut drying wagons were loaded with dry farmer stock peanuts at a local peanut processing facility. Three wagons had floors with 23% O.A. and three had 40% O.A. Peanuts were leveled on each trailer and peanut depth ranged from 714 to 130 cm. A 76-cm diameter, 1750 rpm, four-blade vane axial dryer with a 91-cm long straightening inlet transition was connected to each peanut drying trailer. The rated airflow capacity of the dryer was approximately 510 m(3) min(-1) at 124 Pa. Total airflow was measured using a pitot tube traverse across the inlet transition. Static pressure was measured in the wagon plenum using a U-tube manometer. The top of the trailer was divided into 40 sections using a 5 X 8 cell grid. The airflow through each grid cell was measured using a vane anemometer mounted on a conical transition placed in the center of each grid cell. No significant differences in static pressure, total airflow, or airflow distribution due to the percent O.A. of the perforated drying floor were detected. The average static pressure observed for wagons with the 23 and 40% O.A. was identical at 120 Pa. Total airflow measured at the fan inlet averaged 3671,13 min(-1) for the 40% O.A. trailers compared to 366 m(3) min(-1) for trailers with 23% O.A. The total of the airflow measured as it exhausted from the peanuts was 63% of the flow measured using the pitot tube at the fan inlet. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA USA. Univ Georgia, Cooperat Extens Serv, Tifton, GA USA. RP Butts, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, POB 509, Dawson, GA USA. EM cbutts@nprl.usda.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 335 EP 339 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 828KD UT WOS:000221971300010 ER PT J AU Payero, JO Neale, CMU Wright, JL AF Payero, JO Neale, CMU Wright, JL TI Comparison of eleven vegetation indices for estimating plant height of alfalfa and grass SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE grass; alfalfa; remote sensing; vegetation index; plant height ID LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; CROP COEFFICIENTS; RADIATION; GROWTH; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; WHEAT; SAVI; CORN AB A great variety of vegetation indices, derived from remote sensing measurements, are commonly used to characterize the growth pattern, of cropped surfaces. In this study, multispectral canopy reflectance data were obtained from grass (Festuca arundinacea) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) at Kimberly Idaho, with the purpose of comparing the performance of 11 vegetation indices for estimating plant height of these two structurally different crop canopies. An additional purpose was to develop quantitative relationships between plant height and the different vegetation indices, which could be used to estimate plant height from remote sensing inputs. For alfalfa, good logistic growth relationships between plant height and all the different vegetation indices were found. The relationship resulted in r(2) > 0.90 for all the vegetation indices, and r(2) > 0.97 for most of them. While all the vegetation indices were very sensitive to changes in plant height at the beginning of the growing cycle, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI), and the Transformed Vegetation Index (TVI) became insensitive to additional plant growth when alfalfa reached heights of 0.45, 0.40, and 0.45 m, respectively. All the other vegetation indices performed reasonably well for the entire range of alfalfa plant heights considered in this study (< 0.75 m). For grass, on the other hand, only 4 of the 11 vegetation indices, including the Band Ratio (RATIO), TVI, NDVI, and IPVI, resulted in a reasonably good linear relationship with plant height (r(2) &AP; 0.76). C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, N Platte, NE USA. Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. ARS, USDA, Kimberly, ID USA. RP Payero, JO (reprint author), 461 W Univ Dr, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. EM jpayero2@unl.edu RI Payero, Jose/A-7916-2011; Neale, Christopher/G-3860-2012; Neale, Christopher/P-3676-2015 OI Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410 NR 32 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 385 EP 393 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 828KD UT WOS:000221971300016 ER PT J AU Jeffries, TW Jin, YS AF Jeffries, TW Jin, YS TI Metabolic engineering for improved fermentation of pentoses by yeasts SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RECOMBINANT SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NAD(P)H-DEPENDENT XYLOSE REDUCTASE; PICHIA-STIPITIS; CANDIDA-SHEHATAE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; L-ARABINOSE; PACHYSOLEN-TANNOPHILUS; XYLITOL PRODUCTION; FERMENTING YEASTS; CORN FIBER AB The fermentation of xylose is essential for the bioconversion of lignocellulose to fuels and chemicals, but wild-type strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae do not metabolize xylose, so researchers have engineered xylose metabolism in this yeast. Glucose transporters mediate xylose uptake, but no transporter specific for xylose has yet been identified. Over-expressing genes for aldose (xylose) reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and moderate levels of xylulokinase enable xylose assimilation and fermentation, but a balanced supply of NAD(P) and NAD(P)H must be maintained to avoid xylitol production. Reducing production of NADPH by blocking the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle can reduce xylitol formation, but this occurs at the expense of xylose assimilation. Respiration is critical for growth on xylose by both native xylose-fermenting yeasts and recombinant S, cerevisiae. Anaerobic growth by recombinant mutants has been reported. Reducing the respiration capacity of xylose-metabolizing yeasts increases ethanol production. Recently, two routes for arabinose metabolism have been engineered in S. cerevisiae and adapted strains of Pichia stipitis have been shown to ferment hydrolysates with ethanol yields of 0.45 g g(-1) sugar consumed, so commercialization seems feasible for some applications. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Jeffries, TW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM twjeffries@fs.fed.us RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012; Jin, Yong-Su/L-4530-2013 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065; NR 167 TC 284 Z9 308 U1 4 U2 66 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 63 IS 5 BP 495 EP 509 DI 10.1007/s00253-003-1450-0 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 767NG UT WOS:000188456900002 PM 14595523 ER PT J AU Watten, BJ Boyd, CE Schwartz, ME Summerfelt, ST Brazil, BL AF Watten, BJ Boyd, CE Schwartz, ME Summerfelt, ST Brazil, BL TI Feasibility of measuring dissolved carbon dioxide based on head space partial pressures SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dissolved gas measurement; carbon dioxide; headspace analyses; data logger ID GASES; OXYGEN AB We describe an instrument prototype that measures dissolved carbon dioxide (DC) without need for standard wetted probe membranes or titration. DC is calculated using Henry's Law, water temperature, and the steady-state partial pressure of carbon dioxide that develops within the instrument's vertical gas-liquid contacting chamber. Gas-phase partial pressures were determined with either an infrared detector (ID) or by measuring voltage developed by a pH electrode immersed in an isolated sodium carbonate solution (SC) sparged with recitculated head space gas. Calculated DC concentrations were compared with those obtained by titration over a range of DC (2,4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28 mg/l), total alkalinity (35, 120, and 250 mg/l as CaCO3 total dissolved gas pressure (- 178 to 120 mmHg), and dissolved oxygen concentrations (7, 14, and 18 mg/l). Statistically significant (P < 0.0.01) correlations were established between head space (ID) and titrimetrically determined DC concentrations (R-2 = 0.987-0.949, N = 96). Millivolt and titrimetric values from the SC solution tests were also correlated (P < 0.001, R-2 = 0.997, N = 16). The absolute and relative error associated with the use of the ID and SC solution averaged 0.9 mgA DC and 7.0%.and 0.6 mg/l DC and 9.6%, respectively. The precision of DC estimates established in a second test series was good; coefficients of variation (100(SD/mean)) for the head space (ID) and titration analyses were 0.99% and 1.7%. Precision of the SC solution method was 1.3%. In a third test series, a single ID was coupled with four replicate head space units so as; to permit sequential monitoring (15 min intervals) of a common water source. Here, appropriate gas samples were secured using a series of solenoid valves (1.6 mm bore) activated by a time-based controller. This system configuration reduced the capital cost per sample site from US$ 695 to 816. Absolute error averaged 2.9, 3.1, 3.7, and 2.7 mg/l for replicates 1-4 (N = 36) during a 21-day test period (DC range, 36-40 mg/l). The ID meter was then modified so as to provide for DO as, well m DC measurements across components of an intensive fish production system. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Inst Freshwater, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Watten, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11700 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM barnaby_watten@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8609 J9 AQUACULT ENG JI Aquac. Eng. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 30 IS 3-4 BP 83 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2003.09.002 PG 19 WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries SC Agriculture; Fisheries GA 807IS UT WOS:000220495800001 ER PT J AU Loeb, MJ Coronel, N Natsukawa, D Takeda, M AF Loeb, MJ Coronel, N Natsukawa, D Takeda, M TI Implications for the functions of the four known midgut differentiation factors: An immunohistologic study of Heliothis virescens midgut SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE midgut; differentiation; growth factors; immunocytochemistry ID IN-VITRO; MANDUCA-SEXTA; STEM-CELLS; SCHISTOCERCA-GREGARIA; ENDOCRINE-CELLS; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; LARVAL MIDGUT; DESERT LOCUST; PEPTIDES; GROWTH AB Antibodies to the peptides that induce differentiation of midgut larval stem cells, the midgut differentiating factors MDF-2, MDF-3, and MDF-4 bind to columnar cells in midgut cultures and in intact midgut of Heliothis virescens, in manners similar to the binding of anti- MDF-1 to those tissues. Antibodies to MDF-2 and MDF-3 also stained droplets in the midgut lumen, suggesting that columnar cells may also release MDF-2- and MDF-3-like cytokines to the lumen. Antibody to MDF-4 exhibited similar staining patterns but also recognized stem and differentiating cells, the presumed targets of peptides that regulate stem cell differentiation. Antibody to MDF-4 also bound to one type of endocrine cell in midgut cultures and in sections of midgut, as well as to the endocrine secretion released both to the midgut lumen and the hemolymph. Antibodies to the MDFs 1, 2, and 3, incubated with cultures of midgut cells, did not appear to prevent differentiation of the stem cells in the cultures but affected viability of mature cells, reflected in increased apophosis and doubling of the number of differentiating cells compared to controls. Only antibody to MDF-4 induced temporary necrosis and inhibition of population recovery, indicating that MDF4 may be the true differentiation factor. The other MDFs may have additional functions beyond regulation of midgut stem cell differentiation in vivo. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Kobe Univ, Fac Agr, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. RP Loeb, MJ (reprint author), USDA, Insect Biocontrol Lab, BARC W, Bldg 011A,Rm 214, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM loebm@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 56 IS 1 BP 7 EP 20 DI 10.1002/arch.10140 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 816WB UT WOS:000221138900002 PM 15101062 ER PT J AU Cheung, AK AF Cheung, AK TI Identification of the essential and non-essential transcription units for protein synthesis, DNA replication and infectious virus production of Porcine circovirus type 1 SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PLANT CIRCOVIRUSES; FEATHER DISEASE; PIGS; GEMINIVIRUSES; GENOMES; PIGEON; BEAK AB A plasmid-based transfection system capable of yielding infectious Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) was established and mutational analysis was conducted to investigate the involvement of each viral transcription unit in protein synthesis, DNA replication and progeny virus production. During PCV1 replication in PK15 cells, twelve viral-specific RNAs are synthesized. They include the capsid protein RNA (CR), eight Rep-associated RNAs (Rep, Rep', Rep3a, Rep3b, Rep3c-1, Rep3c-2, Rep3c-3 and Rep3c-4), and three NS-associated RNAs (NS462, NS642 and NS0). A stop codon introduced at the 5'-end of CR did not affect Rep-associated antigens or viral DNA synthesis. Altering the consensus dinucleotide at the splice junctions of the Rep3 RNAs and NS462 or introducing an early termination codon in Rep3c-4 and NS0 also did not have any affect on virus replication. However, mutations in Rep and Rep' caused greater than 99% reduction of protein synthesis and complete shut down of viral DNA replication. NS642 could not be assayed in this study because silent mutation at the splice junction was not possible. However, it is probably equivalent to the non-essential RNA (NS672) of PCV type 2. Thus, only two proteins, Rep and Rep', are essential for PCV1 protein, DNA and infectious virus biosynthesis. C1 ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Cheung, AK (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM acheung@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 149 IS 5 BP 975 EP 988 DI 10.1007/s00705-003-0249-8 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 813JY UT WOS:000220904600009 PM 15098111 ER PT J AU Millar, CI Westfall, RD Delany, DL King, JC Graumlich, LJ AF Millar, CI Westfall, RD Delany, DL King, JC Graumlich, LJ TI Response of subalpine conifers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, to 20th-century warming and decadal climate variability SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID VOLCANIC-NATIONAL-PARK; PINE PINUS-ALBICAULIS; WHITEBARK-PINE; TIMBERLINE CONIFERS; INTERDECADAL VARIABILITY; CUTICULAR TRANSPIRATION; LODGEPOLE PINE; TREE INVASION; NORTH PACIFIC; GROWTH AB Four independent studies of conifer growth between 1880 and 2002 in upper elevation forests of the central Sierra Nevada, California, U.S.A., showed correlated multidecadal and century-long responses associated with climate. Using tree-ring and ecological plot analysis, we studied annual branch growth of krummholz Pinus albicaulis; invasion by P. albicaulis and Pinus monticola into formerly persistent snowfields; dates of vertical branch emergence in krummholz P. albicaulis; and invasion by Pinus contorta into subalpine meadows. Mean annual branch growth at six treeline sites increased significantly over the 20th century (range 130-400%), with significant accelerations in rate from 1920 to 1945 and after 1980. Growth stabilized from 1945 to 1980. Similarly, invasion of six snowfield slopes began in the early 1900s and continued into snowfield centers throughout the 20th century, with significantly accelerated mean invasion from 1925 to 1940 and after 1980. Rate of snowfield invasion decreased between 1950 and 1975. Meadow invasion and vertical leader emergence showed synchronous, episodic responses. Pinus contorta invaded each of ten subalpine meadows in a distinct multidecadal pulse between 1945 and 1976 (87% of all trees) and vertical release in five krummholz P. albicaulis sites also occurred in one pulse between 1945 and 1976 (86% of all branches). These synchronies and lack of effect of local environments implicate regional climate control. Composite weather records indicated significant century-long increases in minimum monthly temperature and multidecadal variability in minimum temperature and precipitation. All ecological responses were significantly correlated with minimum temperature. Significant interactions among temperature, precipitation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices, and multiyear variability in moisture availability further explained episodic ecological responses. Four multidecadal periods of the 20th century that are defined by ecological response (< 1925; 1925-1944; 1945-1976; > 1976) correlate with positive and negative PDO phases, as well as with steps in the rate of temperature increase. These diverse factors in spatially distributed upper-montane and treeline ecosystems respond directionally to century-long climate trends, and also exhibit abrupt and reversible effects as a consequence of interdecadal climate variability and complex interactions of temperature and moisture. C1 US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Montana State Univ, Big Sky Inst Sci & Nat Hist, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Millar, CI (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM cmillar@fs.fed.us RI Graumlich, Lisa/B-6830-2009; Graumlich, Lisa/A-1421-2012; OI Graumlich, Lisa/0000-0003-1239-1873; Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322 NR 101 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 5 U2 50 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 36 IS 2 BP 181 EP 200 DI 10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0181:ROSCIT]2.0.CO;2 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 877DP UT WOS:000225548300006 ER PT J AU Massman, WJ AF Massman, WJ TI Toward an ozone standard to protect vegetation based on effective dose: a review of deposition resistances and a possible metric SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Development and Application of New Methods of Ozone Risk Assessment for Europe CY NOV, 2002 CL Hindas, SWEDEN SP UNECE DE air quality standards; effective dose; dry deposition resistances; ozone ID GASEOUS DRY DEPOSITION; AIR-QUALITY STANDARDS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SURFACE WETNESS; FOREST-CANOPY; SOIL SURFACE; LEAF SURFACE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; TRANSFER-COEFFICIENTS AB Present air quality standards to protect vegetation from ozone are based on measured concentrations (i.e., exposure) rather than on plant uptake rates (or dose). Some familiar cumulative exposure-based indices include SUM06, AOT40, and W126. However, plant injury is more closely related to dose, or more appropriately to effective dose, than to exposure. This study develops and applies a simple model for estimating effective ozone dose that combines the plant canopy's rate of stomatal ozone uptake with the plant's defense to ozone uptake. Here the plant defense is explicitly parameterized as a function of gross photosynthesis and the model is applied using eddy covariance (ozone and CO2) flux data obtained at a vineyard site in the San Joaquin Valley during the California Ozone Deposition Experiment (CODE91). With the ultimate intention of applying these concepts using prognostic models and remotely sensed data, the pathways for ozone deposition are parameterized (as much as possible) in terms of canopy LAI and the surface friction velocity. Results indicate that (1) the daily maximum potential for plant injury (based on effective dose) tends to coincide with the daily peak in ozone mixing ratio (ppbV), (2) potentially there are some significant differences between ozone metrics based on dose (no plant defense) and effective dose, and (3) nocturnal conductance can contribute significantly to the potential for plant ozone injury. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Massman, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM wmassman@fs.fed.us NR 102 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 2 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 38 IS 15 BP 2323 EP 2337 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.079 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 816VS UT WOS:000221138000014 ER PT J AU Shibata, H Sugawara, O Toyoshima, H Wondzell, SM Nakamura, F Kasahara, T Swanson, FJ Sasa, K AF Shibata, H Sugawara, O Toyoshima, H Wondzell, SM Nakamura, F Kasahara, T Swanson, FJ Sasa, K TI Nitrogen dynamics in the hyporheic zone of a forested stream during a small storm, Hokkaido, Japan SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE groundwater chemistry; hydrology; hyporheic exchange flow; MODFLOW; nitrogen; nutrient dynamics; riparian zone; soil water ID 4TH-ORDER MOUNTAIN STREAM; SLUG TEST; RIPARIAN; EXCHANGE; TRANSPORT; CHANNEL; SURFACE AB Water and dissolved nitrogen flows through the hyporheic zone of a 3rd-order mountain stream in Hokkaido, northern Japan were measured during a small storm in August 1997. A network of wells was established to measure water table elevations and to collect water samples to analyze dissolved nitrogen concentrations. Hydraulic conductivity and the depth to bedrock were surveyed. We parameterized the groundwater flow model, MODFLOW, to quantify subsurface flows of both stream water and soil water through the hyporheic zone. MODFLOW simulations suggest that soil water inflow from the adjacent hill slope increased by 1.7-fold during a small storm. Dissolved organic nitrogen ( DON) and ammonium NH4+ in soil water from the hill slope were the dominant nitrogen inputs to the riparian zone. DON was consumed via mineralization to NH4+ in the hyporheic zone. NH4+ was the dominant nitrogen species in the subsurface, and showed a net release during both base and storm flow. Nitrate appeared to be lost to denitrification or immobilized by microorganisms and/or vegetation in the riparian zone. Our results indicated that the riparian and hyporheic system was a net source of NH4+ to the stream. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Field Sci Ctr No Biosphere, No Forestry & Dev Off, Nayoro 0960071, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan. US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Hokkaido Univ, Field Sci Ctr No Biosphere, So Forestry & Dev Off, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan. RP Shibata, H (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Field Sci Ctr No Biosphere, No Forestry & Dev Off, 250 Tokuda, Nayoro 0960071, Japan. EM shiba@exfor.agr.hokudai.ac.jp RI Shibata, Hideaki/A-6909-2008; Nakamura, Futoshi/A-6696-2012; OI Shibata, Hideaki/0000-0002-8968-3594; Nakamura, Futoshi/0000-0003-4351-2578 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 17 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD MAY PY 2004 VL 69 IS 1 BP 83 EP 103 DI 10.1023/B:BIOG.0000031042.90585.0a PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 827UX UT WOS:000221929800005 ER PT J AU Haight, RG Cypher, B Kelly, PA Phillips, S Ralls, K Possingham, HP AF Haight, RG Cypher, B Kelly, PA Phillips, S Ralls, K Possingham, HP TI Optimizing reserve expansion for disjunct populations of San Joaquin kit fox SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE endangered species; habitat protection; kit fox; reserve design; San Joaquin Valley ID NORTHERN SPOTTED OWL; BIOGEOGRAPHIC THEORY; DEMOGRAPHIC-MODELS; OPTIMIZATION; CONSERVATION; HABITAT; DESIGN; SELECTION; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT AB Expanding habitat protection is a common strategy for species conservation. We present a model to optimize the expansion of reserves for disjunct populations of all endangered species. The objective is to maximize the expected number of surviving populations subject to budget and habitat constraints. The model accounts for benefits of reserve expansion in teens of likelihood of persistence of each population and monetary cost. Solving the model with incrementally higher budgets helps prioritize sites for expansion and produces a cost curve showing funds required for incremental increases in the objective. We applied the model to the problem of allocating funds among eight reserves for the endangered San Joaquin kit fox ( Vulpes macrotis mutica) in California, USA. The priorities for reserve expansion were related to land cost and amount of already-protected habitat at each site. Western Kern and Ciervo-Panoche sites received highest priority because land costs were low and moderate amounts of already-protected habitat resulted in large reductions in extinction risk for small increments of habitat protection. The sensitivity analysis focused oil the impacts of kit fox reproductive success and home range ill non-native grassland sites. If grassland habitat is lower quality than brushland habitat resulting in higher annual variation in reproductive success or larger home ranges, then protecting habitat at the best grassland site (Ciervo-Panoche) is not cost-efficient relative to shrubland sites (Western Kern, Antelope Plain, Carrizo Plain). Finally, results suggested that lowest priority should be given to three relatively high-cost grassland sites (Camp Roberts, Contra Costa, and Western Madera) because protecting habitat at those sites would be expensive and have little effect oil the expected number of surviving kit fox populations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Fresno, CA 93727 USA. Univ Queensland, Dept Zool, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Queensland, Dept Math, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Haight, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, N Cent Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rhaight@fs.fed.us RI Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008 OI Possingham, Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X NR 39 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 117 IS 1 BP 61 EP 72 DI 10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00263-5 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 804CH UT WOS:000220276300008 ER PT J AU Naranjo, SE Ellsworth, PC Hagler, JR AF Naranjo, SE Ellsworth, PC Hagler, JR TI Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; Bemisia argentifolii; arthropod predators; aphelinid parasitoids; IPM; selective insecticides; conservation biological control; principal response curves ID JUVENILE-HORMONE ANALOG; FIELD-WEATHERED RESIDUES; IMPORTED FIRE ANTS; WHITEFLY HOMOPTERA; ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ACTION THRESHOLDS; PEST-MANAGEMENT; SAMPLING PLANS AB Field studies were conducted from 1997 to 1999 to contrast the effects of two insect growth regulators (IGRs) and conventional insecticides on natural enemy conservation in cotton within the context of alternative management strategies for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Compared with an untreated control, insecticide regimes based on the initial use of the IGR buprofezin or pyriproxyfen reduced densities of eight predator taxa out of 20 examined in at least one year, including common species such as Geocoris punctipes (Say), Nabis alternatus Parshley, Chrysoperla carnea s.l., and the empidid fly Drapetis nr. divergens. Patterns of predator and pest population change relative to IGR application dates suggest that factors other than direct toxic effects, such as reduction in prey availability, were likely involved. In comparison, the use of conventional insecticides reduced populations of nearly all the predatory taxa examined in most years, including those affected by IGRs, with the impact being greater and more immediate in all cases. Predator:prey ratios were significantly increased by the use of IGRs compared with both the untreated control and a conventional insecticide regime in most instances. The application of conventional insecticides for suppression of Lygus hesperus Knight, another key pest in the system, in a split-plot design reduced densities of most predator taxa, and diminished the selective advantage of the IGRs. Rates of parasitism by aphelinid parasitoids (Eretmocerus eremicus Rose and Zolnerowich and Encarsia spp.) were generally low and did not vary consistently due to B. tabaci or L. hesperus insecticide regimes,over the three years. Our 3-year study demonstrates the more selective action of buprofezin and pyriproxyfen in an effective integrated control system for B. tabaci. The use of these IGRs could further facilitate biologically based management in cotton production systems. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. RP Naranjo, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Cotton Res Lab, 4135 E Broadway Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. EM snaranjo@wcrl.ars.usda.gov OI Ellsworth, Peter/0000-0002-2485-0830 NR 75 TC 61 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2004 VL 30 IS 1 BP 52 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2003.09.010 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 809AB UT WOS:000220608500007 ER PT J AU Kong, H Patterson, CD Zhang, W Takikawa, Y Suzuki, A Lydon, J AF Kong, H Patterson, CD Zhang, W Takikawa, Y Suzuki, A Lydon, J TI A PCR protocol for the identification of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis based on genes required for tagetitoxin production SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE tagetitoxin; Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis; Pseudomonas svringae pv. helianthi; Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi; Apical chlorosis; Cirsium arvense; Canada thistle; Helianthus annuus; sunflower; Pisum sativum; pea; polymerase chain reaction ID APICAL CHLOROSIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CANADA THISTLE; LEAF-SPOT; BACTERIA; STRAINS; LEAVES; WHEAT; HOST; RNA AB A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol that can be used to distinguish Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis from other P. syringae pathovars, including those that induce apical chlorosis in several plants of the Asteracaea family and in pea, and closely related P. savastanoi pathovars was developed based on DNA sequences from P. syringae pv. tagetis that are required for tagetitoxin synthesis. PCR primer sets designated TAGTOX-9 and TAGTOX-10 in PCR amplifications with DNA from most strains of P. syringae pv. tagetis, produced amplicons of 507 and 733 bp, respectively. The same size amplicons were produced in PCR amplifications with bacterial cells isolated from chlorotic leaf tissue from Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) plants infected with P. syringae pv. tagetis. Among 16 other P. syringae pathovars, only PCR amplifications with DNA from P. syringae pv. helianthi produced the same size amplicons with the respective primer sets. Low levels of the 507-bp amplicon were produced in PCR amplifications with the TAGTOX-9 primers and DNA from P. syringae pv. helianthi or the nontoxigenic strains of P. syringae pv. tagetis. These results suggest that P. syringae pv. helianthi, the most closely related pathovar to P. syringae pv. tagetis, may be a nontoxigenic form of P. syringae pv. tagetis. Results from PCR amplifications with the TAGTOX-9 and TAGTOX-10 primers provide strong evidence that the newly described Pseudomonas syringae pathovars, CT99B016C isolated from Canada thistle and PP105 and Pisum97-1 isolated from pea, which cause apical chlorosis in these respective hosts, are different from P. syringae pv. tagetis. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Alberta Res Council, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada. Shizuoka Univ, Fac Agr, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. RP Lydon, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lydonj@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2004 VL 30 IS 1 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2003.09.002 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 809AB UT WOS:000220608500009 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Jackson, M Reilly, CC Hotchkiss, MW AF Shapiro-Ilan, DI Jackson, M Reilly, CC Hotchkiss, MW TI Effects of combining an entomopathogenic fungi or bacterium with entomopathogenic nematodes on mortality of Curculio caryae (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE additivity; antagonism; Beauveria bassiana; Heterorhabditis indica; Paecilomyces fumosoroseus; pathogen combinations; Serratia marcescens; Steinernema carpocapsae ID PECAN WEEVIL COLEOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; PAECILOMYCES-FUMOSOROSEUS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; HETERORHABDITIS-BACTERIOPHORA; BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII; BEETLE COLEOPTERA; LARVAE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; VIRULENCE AB Our objective was to deter-mine the effects of combining entomopathogenic nematodes with other entomopathogens on their ability to suppress larvae of the pecan weevil, Curculio caryae. In laboratory assays, we simultaneously applied the nematodes Heterorhabditis indica or Steinernema carpocapsae with the fungus Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, or Paecilomyces fumosoroseus. or the bacterium Serratia marcescens. Mortality of C caryae was determined 14 days after application. We observed antagonism in all pathogen combinations, except H. indica combined with M. anisopliae, for which additive effects were observed. The combination of H. indica and M. anisopliae may merit further study in other systems. Depending on application rate, S. carpocapsae combined with B. bassiana or S. marcescens also resulted in additivity. S. carpocapsae (applied alone) generally caused greater C. caryae mortality than other pathogens applied alone. P. fumosoroseus and S. marcescens were not pathogenic to C caryae when applied alone. We conclude that the pathogen combinations we investigated are not likely to improve suppression of C caryae larvae beyond what is expected from single application of the pathogen with greatest virulence. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM dshapiro@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2004 VL 30 IS 1 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2003.09.014 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 809AB UT WOS:000220608500013 ER PT J AU Ralston, NVC Hunt, CD AF Ralston, NVC Hunt, CD TI Transmembrane partitioning of boron and other elements in RAW 264.7 and HL60 cell cultures SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE boron; membrane partitioning; RAW 264.7; HL60; partitioning coefficients; zinc; phosphorus; manganese; magnesium; potassium; iron; copper ID ION MOTIVE ATPASES; DIETARY BORON; REQUIREMENT; SUPPLEMENTATION; ANTIBIOTICS; METABOLISM; EVOLUTION; INDEXES; GROWTH; BORATE AB The trace element boron is essential for all higher plants and is beneficial or has been established as essential for several animal models of human nutrition. To help identify the biomolecules that require boron for function in humans, we determined whether intracellular boron is retained against a concentration gradient. Cells (Abelson leukemia virus BALB murine monocyte-macrophage RAW 264.7 [RAW] and HL60) and supplemented media (Dulbecco's modified essential media [+ 10% fetal calf serum] and Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium [+ 5% fetal calf serum], respectively) were analyzed for mineral concentrations after culture and subculture. Special corrections were made for trapped extracellular media in cell pellets and endocytosed media. For RAW cells, the partitioning coefficients (PC; intracellular/extracellular ratios) were, in rank order, as follows: Mn, 110; Fe, 67; P, 65; Zn, 32; K, 15; Cu, 7.1; Mg, 4.3; B, 1.7; Ca, 0.4; Na, 0.3. For HL60 cells, the partitioning coefficients were, in rank order, as follows: Mn, 212; Zn, 211; P, 123; K, 21; Fe, 16; Mg, 11; B, 1.7; Ca, 0.8; Na, 0.3. Trapped extracellular media was estimated to be 6.7 +/- 0.8%; trapped extracellular and endocytosed media together was 24.8 +/- 0.3% of the mass within the isolated cell pellets. The partitioning coefficients indicate a positive gradient for intracellular accumulation of boron, zinc, phosphorus, manganese, magnesium, potassium, iron, and copper in RAW264.7 and HL60 cells. Specifically, the data indicate the existence of a selective boron-binding molecular species within the cell or the existence of a boron-specific membrane transporter. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Hunt, CD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. OI Ralston, Nicholas/0000-0001-7686-2932 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 98 IS 2 BP 181 EP 191 DI 10.1385/BTER:98:2:181 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 813EF UT WOS:000220889700008 PM 15073415 ER PT J AU Foley, PL Hill, RE AF Foley, PL Hill, RE TI Regulatory issues with new and unlicensed veterinary biological products SO BIOPHARM INTERNATIONAL-THE APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Foley, PL (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Vet Biol, 510 S 17th St,Suite 104, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Patricia.L.Foley@aphis.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 1542-166X J9 BIOPHARM INT JI Biopharm. Int. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 17 IS 5 BP 34 EP + PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 831DV UT WOS:000222174300006 ER PT J AU Fan, M Marshall, W Daugaard, D Brown, RC AF Fan, M Marshall, W Daugaard, D Brown, RC TI Steam activation of chars produced from oat hulls and corn stover SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; oat hulls; corn stover; activated carbon ID AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES; PYROLYSIS AB Oat hulls and corn stover were used to produce chars at approximately 500degreesC. The carbon concentrations of oat hull char and corn stover chars produced were 72.3 and 68.0 wt.%, respectively. Both activation burn-off and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area appear to exhibit a linear relationship with respect to activation time of oat hulls. As to corn stover activated carbons, there is no linear relationship between activation time and BET surface area. However, activation burn-off of and activation time appear to relate in a linear manner for the activated carbons produced from corn stover chars. Oat hull is better than corn stover as a raw material for the production of activated carbon. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Sustainable Environm Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Fan, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Sustainable Environm Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM fan@ameslab.gov NR 11 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 93 IS 1 BP 103 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2003.08.016 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 807BU UT WOS:000220477800015 PM 14987728 ER PT J AU Holt, GA Hooker, JD AF Holt, GA Hooker, JD TI Gaseous emissions from burning diesel, crude and prime bleachable summer yellow cottonseed oil in a burner for drying seedcotton SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cottonseed oil; gaseous emissions; diesel; cotton gins; cottonseed oil mills; drying ID VEGETABLE-OILS; BIODIESEL; FUEL; ENGINES AB Cottonseed oil has been used as a fuel source either as a blend with diesel in varying proportions or undiluted (100%) in numerous studies evaluating its potential use in internal combustion engines. However, limited research is available on the use of cottonseed oil as a fuel source in a multi-fueled burner similar to those used by cottonseed oil mills and cotton gins in their drying operations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate emissions from five fuel oil treatments while firing a multi-fueled burner in a setup similar to those used for drying operations of both cottonseed oil mills and cotton gins. For each treatment, gaseous emissions were measured while firing the burner at three fuel flow rates. The five fuel oil treatments evaluated were: (1) No. 2 diesel at 28.3 degreesC, (2) prime bleachable summer yellow (PBSY) cottonseed oil at 28.3 degreesC (PBSY-28), (3) crude cottonseed oil at 28.3 degreesC (Crude-28), (4) PBSY at 60 degreesC (PBSY-60), and (5) crude at 60 degreesC (Crude-60). Results indicate that PBSY treatments had the lowest overall emissions of all treatments. The other treatments varied in emission rates based on treatment and fuel flow rate. Preheating the oil to 60 degreesC resulted in higher NOx emissions but displayed varying results in regards to CO. The CO emissions for the crude treatments were relatively unaffected by the 60 degreesC preheat temperature whereas the preheated PBSY treatments demonstrated lower CO emissions. Overall, both cottonseed oils performed well in the multi-fueled burner and displayed a promising potential as an alternative fuel source for cottonseed oil mills and cotton gins in their drying operations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. Hooker Engn & Consulting, Birmingham, AL 35242 USA. RP Holt, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Rt 3 Box 215, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM gholt@lbk.ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 92 IS 3 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2003.09.008 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 804CQ UT WOS:000220277200006 PM 14766159 ER PT J AU Marra, PP Griffing, S Caffrey, C Kilpatrick, AM McLean, R Brand, C Saito, E Dupuis, AP Kramer, L Novak, R AF Marra, PP Griffing, S Caffrey, C Kilpatrick, AM McLean, R Brand, C Saito, E Dupuis, AP Kramer, L Novak, R TI West Nile virus and wildlife SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; disease ecology; birds; mosquitoes; pest management ID NEW-YORK-CITY; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; CULEX MOSQUITOS; BIRDS; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE; IDENTIFICATION AB West Nile virus (WNV) has spread rapidly across North America, resulting in human deaths and in the deaths of untold numbers of birds, mammals, and reptiles. The virus has reached Central America and the Caribbean and may spread to Hawaii and South America. Although tens of thousands of birds have died, and studies of some bird species show local declines, few regionwide declines can be attributed to WNV Predicting future impacts of WNV on wildlife, and pinpointing what drives epidemics, will require substantial additional research into host susceptibility, reservoir competency, and linkages between climate, mosquitoes, and disease. Such work will entail a collaborative effort between scientists in governmental research groups, in surveillance and control programs, and in nongovernmental organizations. West Nile virus was not the first, and it will not be the lost, exotic disease to be introduced to the New World. Its spread in North America highlights the need to strengthen animal monitoring programs and to integrate them with research on disease ecology. C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. Audubon Sci, Warminster, PA 18974 USA. Consortium Conservat Med, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Arbovirus Labs, Griffin Lab, Slingerlands, NY 12159 USA. Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Marra, PP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM marrap@si.edu NR 68 TC 115 Z9 121 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 393 EP 402 DI 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0393:WNVAW]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 820TJ UT WOS:000221411900008 ER PT J AU Benda, L Poff, NL Miller, D Dunne, T Reeves, G Pess, G Pollock, M AF Benda, L Poff, NL Miller, D Dunne, T Reeves, G Pess, G Pollock, M TI The network dynamics hypothesis: How channel networks structure riverine habitats SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE river ecology; landscape ecology; fluvial geomorphology; river networks; disturbance ID DEBRIS FLOWS; ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; CONTINUUM CONCEPT; PATCH DYNAMICS; STREAM ECOLOGY; DISTURBANCE; PERSPECTIVE; CONFLUENCES; USA AB Hierarchical and branching river networks interact with dynamic watershed disturbances, such as fires, storms, and floods, to impose a spatial and temporal organization on the nonuniform distribution of riverine habitats, with consequences fir biological diversity and productivity. Abrupt changes in water and sediment flux occur at channel confluences in river networks and trigger changes in channel and floodplain morphology. This observation, when taken in the context of a river network as a population of channels and their confluences, allows the development of testable predictions about how basin size, basin shape, drainage density, and network geometry interact to regulate the spatial distribution of physical diversity in channel and riparian attributes throughout a river basin. The spatial structure of river networks also regulates how stochastic watershed disturbances influence the morphology and ages of fluvial features found at confluences. C1 Earth Syst Inst, Mt Shasta, CA 96067 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Earth Syst Inst, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Benda, L (reprint author), Earth Syst Inst, 310 N Mt Shasta Blvd, Mt Shasta, CA 96067 USA. EM leebenda@aol.com RI Poff, Nathan/C-1239-2009; Dunne, Thomas/B-6374-2014 OI Dunne, Thomas/0000-0002-5281-6517 NR 71 TC 372 Z9 391 U1 8 U2 180 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 413 EP 427 DI 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0413:TNDHHC]2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 820TJ UT WOS:000221411900010 ER PT J AU Strayer, DL Downing, JA Haag, WR King, TL Layzer, JB Newton, TJ Nichols, SJ AF Strayer, DL Downing, JA Haag, WR King, TL Layzer, JB Newton, TJ Nichols, SJ TI Changing perspectives on pearly mussels, North America's most imperiled animals SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Unionidae; endangered species; spatial structure; food and feeding; life history ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; JUVENILE RAINBOW MUSSELS; ELLIPTIO-COMPLANATA; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; MICROHABITAT USE; EXTINCTION DEBT; LIFE-HISTORY; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; RIVER AB Pearly mussels (Unionacea) are widespread, abundant, and important in freshwater ecosystems around the world. Catastrophic declines in pearly in mussel populations in North America and other parts of the world have led too flurry of research on mussel biology, ecology, and conservation. Recent research on mussel feeding, life history, spatial patterning, and declines has augmented, modified, or overturned long-held ideas about the ecology of these animals. Pearly mussel research has begun to benefit from and contribute to current ideas about suspension feeding, life-history theory, metapopulations, flow refuges, spatial patterning and its effects, and management of endangered species. At the same time, significant gaps in understanding and apparent paradoxes in pearly mussel ecology have been exposed. To conserve remaining mussel populations, scientists and managers must simultaneously and aggressively pursue both rigorous research and conservation actions. C1 Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, USGS, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. USGS, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Strayer, DL (reprint author), Inst Ecosyst Studies, POB AB, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. EM strayerd@ccostudies.org RI Strayer, David/H-3788-2011; OI Newton, Teresa/0000-0001-9351-5852 NR 67 TC 253 Z9 269 U1 4 U2 55 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 429 EP 439 DI 10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0429:CPOPMN]2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 820TJ UT WOS:000221411900011 ER PT J AU Kuykendall, LD Upchurch, RG AF Kuykendall, LD Upchurch, RG TI Expression in sugar beet of the introduced cercosporin toxin export (CFP) gene from Cercospora kikuchii, the causative organism of purple seed stain in soybean SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; Cercospora beticola; leafspot disease; major facilitator; transgenic plant ID RHIZOBIUM-RADIOBACTER; TRANSPORTERS; RESISTANCE AB The Cercospora kikuchii cercosporin export gene, CFP, introduced into Beta vulgaris L. by conjugation with Rhizobium radiobacter, was stably maintained during vegetative propagation as verified by PCR using primers specific for the CFP gene. Transcriptional expression of the CFP gene in leaves was determined by RT-PCR using CFP-specific primers. CFP protein was detected using Western analysis with an affinity-purified polypeptide-specifc antibody. Analysis of the relative susceptibility of CFP-transgenic and non-transgenic sugar beet plants is planned but will probably take several years to complete. C1 ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Plant Sci Inst,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Kuykendall, LD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Plant Sci Inst,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kuykendl@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 26 IS 9 BP 723 EP 727 DI 10.1023/B:BILE.0000024096.22105.c3 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 812OR UT WOS:000220849300008 PM 15195972 ER PT J AU Fish, WW Madihally, SV AF Fish, WW Madihally, SV TI Modeling the inhibitor activity and relative binding affinities in enzyme - Inhibitor-protein systems: Application to developmental regulation in a PG-PGIP system SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article ID POLYGALACTURONASE GENE FAMILY; LEUCINE-RICH REPEATS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PURIFICATION; FRUIT; ENDOPOLYGALACTURONASE; EXPRESSION; DEFENSE AB Within a number of classes of hydrolytic enzymes are certain enzymes whose activity is modulated by a specific inhibitor-protein that binds to the enzyme and forms an inactive complex. One unit of a specific inhibitor-protein activity is often defined as the amount necessary to inhibit one unit of its target enzyme by 50%. No objective quantitative means is available to determine this point of 50% inhibition in crude systems such as those encountered during purification. Two models were derived: the first model is based on an irreversible binding approximation, and the second, or equilibrium, model is based on reversible binding. The two models were validated using the inhibition data for the polygalacturonase-polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PG-PGIP) system. Theory and experimental results indicate that the first model can be used for inhibitor protein activity determination and the second model can be used for inhibitor protein activity determination as well as for comparison of association constants among enzymes and their inhibitor-proteins from multiple sources. The models were used to identify and further clarify the nature of a differential regulation of expression of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein in developing cantaloupe fruit. These are the first relations that provide for an objective and quantitative determination of inhibitor-protein activity in both pure and crude systems. Application of these models should prove valuable in gaining insights into regulatory mechanisms and enzyme-inhibitor-protein interactions. C1 USDA ARS, SCARL, Lane, OK 74555 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Fish, WW (reprint author), USDA ARS, SCARL, POB 159, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM wfish-usda@lane-ag.org RI Madihally, Sundararajan/D-9285-2012 OI Madihally, Sundararajan/0000-0001-7498-5760 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 8756-7938 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 20 IS 3 BP 721 EP 727 DI 10.1021/bp034307o PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 826PU UT WOS:000221841800011 PM 15176874 ER PT J AU Schuler, TM AF Schuler, TM TI Fifty years of partial harvesting in a mixed mesophytic forest: composition and productivity SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OLD-GROWTH; CENTRAL APPALACHIANS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HARDWOOD FORESTS; CLEAR-CUT; TREE; OAK; ESTABLISHMENT; REPLACEMENT; HISTORY AB Long-term silvicultural trials contribute to sustainable forest management by providing a better scientific understanding of how forest ecosystems respond to periodic timber harvesting. In this study, species composition, diversity, and net periodic growth of tree species in a mixed mesophytic forest in the central Appalachians were evaluated after about a half century of management. Three partial cutting practices on 18 research compartments and on 3 unmanaged reference compartments were evaluated (1951-2001) on 280 ha. Single-tree selection, diameter-limit harvesting, and timber harvesting in 0.162-ha patches were assessed on three northern red oak site index(50) (SI) classes: 24, 21, and 18. Shannon-Weiner's diversity index (H') declined from the first (1951-1959) to last (1987-2001) measurements and was related to both SI (P=0.004) and treatment (P=0.009) Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and red maple(Acer rubrum L.) were the two most abundant species in recent years (1987-2001); in contrast, in initial inventories (1951-1959), northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) were most abundant. Net periodic annual increment (PAI) of merchantable trees (DBH greater than or equal to 12.7 cm) was related to both SI (P=0.004) and treatment (P= 0.003). Mean PAI ranged from 4.6 m(3.)ha(-1.)year(-1) for single-tree selection to 2.5 m(3.)ha.(1.)year.(1) for unmanaged reference areas across all SI classes. The decline of oak species suggests that only intensive and specific forest management focused on maintaining oak species can obtain historical levels of diversity. C1 Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, USDA, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, USDA, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM tschuler@fs.fed.us NR 68 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 34 IS 5 BP 985 EP 997 DI 10.1139/X03-262 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 829BV UT WOS:000222019000001 ER PT J AU Saxon, ME Davis, MA Pritchard, SG Runion, GB Prior, SA Stelzer, HE Rogers, HH Dute, RR AF Saxon, ME Davis, MA Pritchard, SG Runion, GB Prior, SA Stelzer, HE Rogers, HH Dute, RR TI Influence of elevated CO2, nitrogen, and Pinus elliottii genotypes on performance of the redheaded pine sawfly, Neodiprion lecontei SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; GYPSY-MOTH PERFORMANCE; LONGLEAF PINE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; NUTRIENT BALANCE; FOLIAR CHEMISTRY; SOIL NUTRIENT; SLASH PINE; RESPONSES; GROWTH AB Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) seedlings were grown in open-top chambers receiving ambient or elevated atmospheric CO2 (-365 or -720 muL.L-1). Seedlings received low or high soil nitrogen treatments (0.02 or 0.2 mg N.g(-1)) and represented three families varying in resistance to fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme (Hedgc. & N. Hunt) Burdsall & G. Snow). Following 18 months of exposure to treatment conditions, current-year needles were fed to larvae of the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei (Fitch)). Needle N concentration and water content were lower in elevated-CO2 and in low-N treatments. Total phenolics increased under high-CO2 and low-N conditions and were highest in the resistant family. Condensed tannins did not vary on the basis of CO2 or N but were higher in needles from the resistant family. Alterations in needle chemistry were associated with variations in sawfly growth and development. Larvae performed most poorly on the family most resistant to fusiform rust, suggesting that the mechanism for resistance was similar in both cases. Relative consumption rates increased with CO2-enriched needle diets but were depressed for resistant needles, suggesting deterrence from the higher total phenolics in this family. Diets using CO2-enriched needles or resistant needles or needles from low-N fertilization treatments resulted in lower relative growth rates for the larvae. Days to pupation increased for larvae fed CO2-enriched and low-N needles. These results suggest that the redheaded pine sawfly could suffer as the level of atmospheric CO2 continues to rise. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Runion, GB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM gbrunion@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1007 EP 1017 DI 10.1139/X03-273 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 829BV UT WOS:000222019000003 ER PT J AU Gove, JH AF Gove, JH TI Structural stocking guides: a new look at an old friend SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID STAND DENSITY MANAGEMENT; DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; DIAMETER DISTRIBUTIONS; BASAL AREA; PINE; PLANTATIONS; FRAMEWORK; STATES; GROWTH; YIELD AB A parameter recovery-based model is developed that allows the incorporation of diameter distribution information directly into stocking guides. The method is completely general in applicability across different guides and forest types and could be adapted to other systems such as density management diagrams. It relies on a simple measure of diameter distribution shape, the basal area larger than quadratic mean stand diameter, to estimate the parameters of the unknown distribution. This latter quantity is shown to have high correlation with stocking guide variables in northeastern forest types. A primary objective of this new type of guide is that its use should require a minimal amount of new information from the user and that the underlying model should be as simple as possible. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Gove, JH (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd,POB 640, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jgove@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1044 EP 1056 DI 10.1139/X03-272 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 829BV UT WOS:000222019000007 ER PT J AU Zarnoch, SJ Bechtold, WA Stolte, KW AF Zarnoch, SJ Bechtold, WA Stolte, KW TI Using crown condition variables as indicators of forest health SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID RED PINE STANDS; LOBLOLLY-PINE; TREE CROWN; GROWTH; COMPETITION; DECLINE; DYNAMICS; BIOMASS; DENSITY; RATIO AB Indicators of forest health used in previous studies have focused on crown variables analyzed individually at the tree level by summarizing over all species. This approach has the virtue of simplicity but does not account for the three-dimensional attributes of a tree crown, the multivariate nature of the crown variables, or variability among species. To alleviate these difficulties, we define composite crown indicators based on geometric principles to better quantify the entire tree crown. These include crown volume, crown surface area, and crown production efficiency. These indicators were then standardized to a mean of 0 and variance of 1 to enable direct comparison among species. Residualized indicators, which can also be standardized, were defined as the deviation from a regression model that adjusted for tree and plot conditions. Distributional properties were examined for the three composite crown indicators and their standardized-residualized counterparts for 6167 trees from 250 permanent plots distributed across Virginia, Georgia, and Alabama. Comparisons between the composite crown indicators and their associated standardized residual indicators revealed that only two or three plots were jointly classified as poor by both when thresholds were set at the lower 5 percentiles of statistical distributions. In contrast, 19-21 other plots were classified differently, emphasizing that different aspects of crown condition are being summarized when the raw values are adjusted and standardized. Generally, crown volume and crown surface area behaved similarly, while crown production efficiency was substantially different. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zarnoch, SJ (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. EM szarnoch@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 45 Z9 58 U1 7 U2 25 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1057 EP 1070 DI 10.1139/X03-277 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 829BV UT WOS:000222019000008 ER PT J AU Tsegaye, TD Tadesse, W Coleman, TL Jackson, TJ Tewolde, H AF Tsegaye, TD Tadesse, W Coleman, TL Jackson, TJ Tewolde, H TI Calibration and modification of impedance probe for near surface soil moisture measurements SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE soil moisture; remote sensing; impedance probe; ground-truth; validation AB Tsegaye, T. D., Tadesse, W., Coleman, T. L., Jackson, T. J. and Tewolde, H. 2004. Calibration and modification of impedance probe for near surface soil moisture measurements. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 237-243. A reliable and low cost sensor that can measure soil moisture at or near the soil surface is currently not available. The objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the possibility of modifying an impedance probe (IP) to measure soil moisture content at a very shallow depth (2-5 cm); and (ii) to compare the soil moisture values obtained using the IP to the values obtained using the traditional gravimetric method. The research was conducted at the Winfred A. Thomas Agricultural Research Station (WTARS) Hazel Green, Alabama. The standard IP that is capable of measuring soil moisture content at 6-cm soil depth was modified to measure soil moisture at 2-, 3-, and 5-cm depths. Using a site and depth-specific calibration technique it provided results that were comparable to the values that were obtained following the traditional gravimetric water content determination protocol. We found that the instrument was very sensitive to changes in soil moisture content and has great potential as a replacement for the gravimetric technique. It allows repetitive measurements of soil moisture content at a very shallow depth with minimal soil disturbance. Furthermore, the instrument is particularly valuable for providing ground- truth soil moisture contents to validate remotely sensed data. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Tsegaye, TD (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM ttsegaye@aamu.edu NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA STE 1112, 141 LAURIER AVE WEST, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5J3, CANADA SN 0008-4271 J9 CAN J SOIL SCI JI Can. J. Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 84 IS 2 BP 237 EP 243 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 837RH UT WOS:000222652700010 ER PT J AU Sohn, M Barton, FE McClung, AM Champagne, ET AF Sohn, M Barton, FE McClung, AM Champagne, ET TI Near-infrared spectroscopy for determination of protein and amylose in rice flour through use of derivatives SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GRAIN MILLED SAMPLES; REFLECTANCE ANALYSIS; COOKED RICE; QUALITY; DIFFERENTIATION AB The use of the derivative method for near-infrared (NIR) calibration was investigated to determine protein and amylose content in rice flour. Samples for two years, 1996 and 1999, were combined to give a wide range of the constituents for development of the calibration model. The NIR spectral data were transformed with Savitzky-Golay derivative with multiplicative scatter correction. To develop the best derivative models, the polynomial fits (quadratic, cubic, and quartic), Convolution intervals (3-11 points for protein, 3-17 points for amylose), and derivative orders (1st derivative D1 2nd derivative D2) were investigated. For the protein analysis, all polynomial fits with 3-11 points were acceptable to develop both the D1 and D2 models. However, the three-point quadratic and five-point quartic fits were not acceptable for the D1 model, and the three-point quadratic fit was not acceptable for D2. For the amylose analysis, the D1 model produced generally better results than D2. Hi-her convolution intervals were required for the D2 model, whereas the D1 model was not affected by convolution intervals. A quadratic (or cubic) fit with 17-point convolution interval was acceptable for the amylose D2 model, and the quadratic fit with 5-11 points and cubic (or quartic) fit with 7-17 points were suitable for the D1 model. Based on the standard error of cross-validation (SECV), the calibration models developed using data for two years resulted in good precision with an SECV of 0.23% for protein using four factors and ail SECV of 1.0% for amylose Using 10 factors. C1 USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. USDA, ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Sohn, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM insohn@qaru.ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 3 BP 341 EP 344 DI 10.1094/CCHEM.2004.81.3.341 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 818SW UT WOS:000221265800007 ER PT J AU Vignaux, N Doehlert, DC Hegstad, J Elias, EA McMullen, MS Grant, LA Kianian, SF AF Vignaux, N Doehlert, DC Hegstad, J Elias, EA McMullen, MS Grant, LA Kianian, SF TI Grain quality characteristics and milling performance of full and partial waxy durum lines SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STARCH-PASTING PROPERTIES; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; 3 WX GENES; AMYLOSE SYNTHESIS; ALPHA-AMYLASE; COMMON WHEAT; ENDOSPERM; MUTANT; MAIZE; IDENTIFICATION AB Mutation of the gene coding for the granule bound starch synthase (waxy protein) leads to reduced amylose content in cereal endosperm. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) has one waxy locus in each of its two genomes. Full waxy durum wheat is produced when both genomes carry the waxy null alleles. When only one locus is mutated, partial waxy durum wheat is obtained. Partial and full waxy near-isogenic lines of durum wheat developed by a breeding program were analyzed as to their quality characteristics. Amylose was largely eliminated in full waxy lines; however, no reduction in amylose content was detected in partial waxy lines. The waxy mutation did not affect grain yield, kernel size. or kernel hardness. Full waxy durum lines had higher kernel ash content, alpha-amylase activity, and a unique nonvitreous kernel appearance. Protein quality, as evaluated by SIDS microsedimentation value, gluten index, and wet gluten was slightly lower in the full waxy lines than in the other genotypes. However, comparisons with current cultivars indicated that protein quality of all derived lines remained in the range of strong gluten cultivars. Semolina yield was lowered by the waxy mutations due to lower friability that resulted in less complete separation of the endosperm from the bran. Waxy semolina was more sensitive to mechanical damage during milling, but modified tempering and milling conditions may limit the damage. Overall, quality characteristics of waxy durum grain were satisfactory and Suitable for application testing. C1 N Dakota State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Doehlert, DC (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Harris Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Douglas.Doehlert@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 47 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 3 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1094/CCHEM.2004.81.3.377 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 818SW UT WOS:000221265800013 ER PT J AU Bett-Garber, KL Champagne, ET Ingram, DA Grimm, CC AF Bett-Garber, KL Champagne, ET Ingram, DA Grimm, CC TI Impact of iron source and concentration on rice flavor using a simulated rice kernel micronutrient delivery system SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-A; FORTIFICATION; TECHNOLOGY AB An extruded grain designed to look like a rice kernel fortified with one of two sources of iron (elemental iron and ferrous sulfate), with and without multiple fortificant (zinc, thiamin, and folic acid), was mixed with milled Calrose rice at low (1:200), medium (1: 100), and high (1:50) concentrations. The intensities of water-like, sour taste, hay-like musty, and alfalfa/grassy/green bean flavors were enhanced by the addition of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or FeSO4 Plus multiple fortificants. Astringent mouthfeel was likewise affected by addition of FeSO4 or FeSO4 Plus multiple fortificants. Overall. the elemental iron with multiple fortificants least affected the oxidation of the extruded kernals. Lipid oxidation products in stored fortificant increased the first two to three months and concentrations were higher in samples with FeSO4 as the iron source. C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Bett-Garber, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM kbett@srrc.ars.usda.gov OI Bett-Garber, Karen/0000-0002-1453-2759 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 81 IS 3 BP 384 EP 388 DI 10.1094/CCHEM.2004.81.3.384 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 818SW UT WOS:000221265800014 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, HC Champagne, ET AF Wilkinson, HC Champagne, ET TI Value-added rice products in today's market SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article C1 USA Rice Federat, Houston, TX USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Wilkinson, HC (reprint author), USA Rice Federat, Houston, TX USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 49 IS 3 BP 134 EP 138 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 829AV UT WOS:000222016100004 ER PT J AU Fried, JS Torn, MS Mills, E AF Fried, JS Torn, MS Mills, E TI The impact of climate change on wildfire severity: A regional forecast for northern California SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; WILDLAND FIRE; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; REGIMES; MODEL; VEGETATION; FOREST AB We estimated the impact of climatic change on wildland fire and suppression effectiveness in northern California by linking general circulation model output to local weather and fire records and projecting fire outcomes with an initial-attack suppression model. The warmer and windier conditions corresponding to a 2 x CO(2) climate scenario produced fires that burned more intensely and spread faster in most locations. Despite enhancement of fire suppression efforts, the number of escaped fires ( those exceeding initial containment limits) increased 51% in the south San Francisco Bay area, 125% in the Sierra Nevada, and did not change on the north coast. Changes in area burned by contained fires were 41%, 41% and - 8%, respectively. When interpolated to most of northern California's wildlands, these results translate to an average annual increase of 114 escapes ( a doubling of the current frequency) and an additional 5,000 hectares ( a 50% increase) burned by contained fires. On average, the fire return intervals in grass and brush vegetation types were cut in half. The estimates reported represent a minimum expected change, or best-case forecast. In addition to the increased suppression costs and economic damages, changes in fire severity of this magnitude would have widespread impacts on vegetation distribution, forest condition, and carbon storage, and greatly increase the risk to property, natural resources and human life. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fried, JS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal Program, POB 3890, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM jsfried@fs.fed.us; mstorn@lbl.gov; emills@lbl.gov RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015 NR 51 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAY PY 2004 VL 64 IS 1-2 BP 169 EP 191 DI 10.1023/B:CLIM.0000024667.89579.ed PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 813ST UT WOS:000220927500010 ER PT J AU Bannerman, DD Paape, MJ Lee, JW Zhao, X Hope, JC Rainard, P AF Bannerman, DD Paape, MJ Lee, JW Zhao, X Hope, JC Rainard, P TI Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus elicit differential innate immune responses following intramammary infection SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEIN; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INTERFERON-GAMMA-PRODUCTION; COMPLEMENT FRAGMENT C5A; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; SOMATIC-CELL COUNTS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; SEPTIC SHOCK; CUTTING EDGE AB Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most prevalent species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, that induce clinical mastitis. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms to protect against infection and contributes to the initial detection of and proinflammatory response to infectious pathogens. The objective of the present study was to characterize the different innate immune responses to experimental intramammary infection with E. coli and S. aureus during clinical mastitis. The cytokine response and changes in the levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), two proteins that contribute to host recognition of bacterial cell wall products, were studied. Intramammary infection with either E. coli or S. aureus elicited systemic changes, including decreased milk output, a febrile response, and induction of the acute-phase synthesis of LBP. Infection with either bacterium resulted in increased levels of interleukin 10 (IL-1beta), gamma interferon, IL-12, sCD14, and LBP in milk. High levels of the complement cleavage product C5a and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were detected at several time points following E. coli infection, whereas S. aureus infection elicited a slight but detectable increase in these mediators at a single time point. Increases in IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were observed only in quarters infected with E. coli. Together, these data demonstrate the variability of the host innate immune response to E. coli and S. aureus and suggest that the limited cytokine response to S. aureus may contribute to the well-known ability of the bacterium to establish chronic intramammary infection. C1 USDA ARS, ANRI, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. McGill Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. Inst Anim Hlth, Compton RG20 7NN, Berks, England. INRA, Pathol Infect & Immunol Lab, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. RP Bannerman, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, ANRI, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Bldg 1040,Room 2, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dbanner@anri.barc.usda.gov RI Hope, Jayne/C-7752-2013; OI Hope, Jayne/0000-0001-6573-6172; Rainard, Pascal/0000-0002-5477-2626 NR 72 TC 250 Z9 266 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 463 EP 472 DI 10.1128/CDLI.11.3.463-472.2004 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 822WC UT WOS:000221570300005 PM 15138171 ER PT J AU Grubor, B Gallup, JM Meyerholz, DK Crouch, EC Evans, RB Brogden, KA Lehmkuhl, HD Ackermann, MR AF Grubor, B Gallup, JM Meyerholz, DK Crouch, EC Evans, RB Brogden, KA Lehmkuhl, HD Ackermann, MR TI Enhanced surfactant protein and defensin mRNA levels and reduced viral replication during parainfluenza virus type 3 pneumonia in neonatal lambs SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; HUMAN FETAL LUNG; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; INNATE IMMUNITY; SP-A; PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; BETA-DEFENSINS; HOST DEFENSES; YOUNG LAMBS; OVINE LUNG AB Defensins and surfactant protein A (SP-A) and SP-D are antimicrobial components of the pulmonary innate immune system. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which parainfluenza type 3 virus infection in neonatal lambs alters expression of sheep beta-defensin 1 (SBD-1), SP-A, and SP-D, all of which are constitutively transcribed by respiratory epithelia. Parainfluenza type 3 viral antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the bronchioles of all infected lambs 3 days postinoculation and at diminished levels 6 days postinoculation, but it was absent 17 days postinoculation. At all times postinoculation, lung homogenates from parainfluenza type 3 virus-inoculated animals had increased SBD-1, SP-A, and SP-D mRNA levels as detected by fluorogenic real-time reverse transcriptase PCR. Protein levels of SP-A in lung homogenates detected by quantitative-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and protein antigen of SP-A detected by IHC were not altered. These studies demonstrate that parainfluenza type 3 virus infection results in enhanced expression of constitutively transcribed innate immune factors expressed by respiratory epithelia and that this increased expression occurs concurrently with decreased viral replication. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Pathol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. USDA ARS, Resp Dis Ruminants Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Grubor, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Pathol, Coll Vet Med, 2740 Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brankag@iastate.edu NR 52 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 11 IS 3 BP 599 EP 607 DI 10.1128/CDLI.11.3.599-607.2004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 822WC UT WOS:000221570300022 PM 15138188 ER PT J AU Shewmaker, GE Johnson, DA Mayland, HF Martin, SA Hansen, SB AF Shewmaker, GE Johnson, DA Mayland, HF Martin, SA Hansen, SB TI Elemental uptake in relation to root characteristics of tall fescue SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE herbage; Festuca arundinacea; HiMag; root length; root area; magnesium; calcium; potassium; phosphorus; malate; citrate ID CULTIVARS; CATTLE AB HiMag, an accession of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), was selected for high magnesium (Mg) concentration in leaves to reduce grass tetany risk to ruminants. However, the mechanism for enhanced Mg uptake in HiMag leaves has not been determined. The objective was to investigate if increased Mg uptake in HiMag could be explained by differences in elemental distribution among plant parts, root characteristics, or organic acid concentrations compared to its parental cultivars, "Kentucky 31" (KY31) and "Missouri 96" (MO96). The study was conducted on a surface-irrigated calcareous Portneuf silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed. rnesic, Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid). Vegetation and soil cores of 7.6-cm diameter were sampled to a 45-cm soil depth in 15-cm increments. Mass and ash were determined for leaves, crowns, and roots. Leaf area, root length, root area, root length density, elemental concentration, and uptake [potassium (K), calcium (Ca), Mg, sodium (Na), and phosphorus (P)], and malate and citrate concentrations also were determined. Leaf Mg concentration was higher in HiMag than parental cultivars. HiMag generally did not differ in crown and root elemental concentrations from its parents. Risk of causing grass tetany, indicated by leaf K/(Ca + Mg), was lower in HiMag than KY31 and MO96 in both 1994 (P = 0.03) and 1995 (P = 0.01). Root length, area, and mass were not related to cation concentrations in the three tall fescue accessions, suggesting that HiMag may have an active uptake or transport mechanism for Mg. C1 Univ Idaho, Twin Falls Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID USA. Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Shewmaker, GE (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Twin Falls Ctr, POB 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. EM gshew@uidaho.edu NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 35 IS 9-10 BP 1339 EP 1355 DI 10.1081/css-120037550 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 828AI UT WOS:000221944400012 ER PT J AU Ramsay, TG Bush, JA McMurtry, JP Thivierge, MC Davis, TA AF Ramsay, TG Bush, JA McMurtry, JP Thivierge, MC Davis, TA TI Peripheral leptin administration alters hormone and metabolite levels in the young pig SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE leptin; pig; growth hormone; insulin ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; GROWTH-HORMONE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FEED-INTAKE; SECRETION; PORCINE; INSULIN; SHEEP; BRAIN AB The present study was conducted to determine if peripheral leptin administration can alter GH secretion or feed intake in young pigs. Six, 6 kg female pigs were fasted overnight and randomly chosen to receive porcine recombinant leptin or saline injections in a crossover design. Three leptin dosages were tested over a 10 day period, 100, 200 or 500 mug/kg body mass (L100, L200 or L500). Leptin was administered in 0.2% bovine serum albumin as a bolus injection into the carotid artery. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein over a 24 h period. Leptin delayed feeding in pigs treated with L200 and L500 (P < 0.05), while reducing overall intake in pigs treated with L100 (P < 0.05). L200 or L500 depressed blood glucose (P < 0.05). Plasma insulin levels were elevated by feeding in control animals, while insulin levels were depressed in pigs treated with L200 or L500 (P < 0.05). L200 elevated plasma growth hormone (P < 0.05) with three peaks apparent at 5, 8, and 13 h post injection. The ability for a single injection of leptin to produce significant changes in hormone and metabolite levels suggests that this peptide has a role in regulation. of peripheral metabolism. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ramsay, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Growth Biol Lab, Bldg 200,Rm 207, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tramsay@anri.barc.usda.gov FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR044474] NR 26 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1 BP 17 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.02.005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 832VC UT WOS:000222294400003 PM 15165566 ER PT J AU McMurtry, JP Ashwell, CM Brocht, DM Caperna, TJ AF McMurtry, JP Ashwell, CM Brocht, DM Caperna, TJ TI Plasma clearance and tissue distribution of radiolabeled leptin in the chicken SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE binding proteins; food intake; hormone; receptor ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; FOOD-INTAKE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GENE-EXPRESSION; JAPANESE-QUAIL; GROWTH-HORMONE; RECEPTOR GENE; CELLS; MICE; IDENTIFICATION AB Leptin is an adipose and liver tissue-derived secreted protein in chickens that has been implicated in the regulation of food intake and whole-body energy balance. In this study, the metabolic clearance and tissue uptake of leptin were examined in the chicken (Gallus gallus). Four-week-old broiler males were infused with I-125-labeled mouse leptin. Chromatography of radiolabeled leptin in plasma produced two peaks, one at 16 kDa (free leptin) and a free iodine peak. No leptin binding protein in blood was detected. Leptin was cleared with a half-life estimate of 23 min. In order to investigate the tissue distribution and uptake of radiolabeled leptin, multiple tissues were removed from infused birds at 15 and 240 min post-infusion, and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-precipitable radioactivity was determined. The amounts of radioactivity at 15 min post-infusion in the tissues in rank order were: kidney, testis, lung, spleen, heart, liver, small and large intestine, gizzard, pancreas, bursa, leg and breast muscle, adrenals, and brain. A slightly different pattern of distribution was observed at 240 min post-infusion. We conclude from these studies that unlike mammals, no circulating leptin binding protein is present in chickens. Leptin is metabolized and cleared very rapidly from blood by the kidney. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, ANRI, Growth Biol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP McMurtry, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, ANRI, Growth Biol Lab, Bldg 200,Rm 217,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mcmurtry@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 138 IS 1 BP 27 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2004.02.017 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 832VC UT WOS:000222294400004 PM 15165567 ER PT J AU Nelson, DM Gardner, IA Chiles, RF Balasuriya, UB Eldridge, BF Scott, TW Reisen, WK Maclachlan, NJ AF Nelson, DM Gardner, IA Chiles, RF Balasuriya, UB Eldridge, BF Scott, TW Reisen, WK Maclachlan, NJ TI Prevalence of antibodies against saint Louis encephalitis and Jamestown Canyon viruses in California horses SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE horses; Arboviruses; saint Louis encephalitis virus; Jamestown Canyon virus ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; BUNYAMWERA SEROGROUP VIRUSES; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; VECTOR COMPETENCE; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE; INFECTION AB Jamestown Canyon (JC) and Saint Louis encephalitis (SLE) viruses are mosquito-transmitted viruses that have long been present in California. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of these two viruses in horses prior to the introduction of West Nile (WN) virus. Approximately 15% of serum samples collected in 1998 from 425 horses on 44 equine operations horses throughout California had serum antibodies to JC virus, whereas antibodies were not detected to SLE virus. The results indicate that horses in California were commonly infected prior to 1998 with mosquito-transmitted Bunyaviruses that are identical or closely related to JC virus, but not with SLE virus. The different seroprevalence of SLE and JC viruses in horses likely reflects the unique ecology of each virus, and it is predicted that WN virus will have a wider distribution in California than closely related SLE virus. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Bernard & Gloria Salick Equine Viral Dis Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Calif & Nevada Area Off, Sacramento, CA 95827 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis Res, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Maclachlan, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Bernard & Gloria Salick Equine Viral Dis Lab, 1126 Haring Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM njmaclachlan@ucdavis.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 27 IS 3 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2003.11.001 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 813UB UT WOS:000220930900007 PM 15001316 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Ralph, J Lapierre, C Barriere, Y AF Grabber, JH Ralph, J Lapierre, C Barriere, Y TI Genetic and molecular basis of grass cell-wall degradability. I. Lignin-cell wall matrix interactions SO COMPTES RENDUS BIOLOGIES LA English DT Review DE grass; lignin; cell wall; ferulate; p-coumarate; cross-linking; degradability ID BROWN-MIDRIB MUTANTS; ZEA-MAYS-L; FORAGE QUALITY VARIATION; FERULATE CROSS-LINKS; FESCUE LEAF BLADES; TALL FESCUE; HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS; PHENOLIC-ACIDS; MAIZE INBREDS; DEHYDROGENATION POLYMERS AB Lignification limits grass cell-wall digestion by herbivores. Lignification is spatially and temporally regulated, and lignin characteristics differ between cell walls, plant tissues, and plant parts. Grass lignins are anchored within walls by ferulate and diferulate cross-links, p-coumarate cyclodimers, and possibly benzyl ester and ether cross-links. Cell-wall degradability is regulated by lignin concentration, cross-linking, and hydrophobicity but not directly by most variations in lignin composition or structure. Genetic manipulation of lignification can improve grass cell-wall degradability, but the degree of success will depend on genetic background, plant modification techniques employed, and analytical methods used to characterize cell walls. (C) 2004 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Agr Res Serv, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, Madison, WI 53706 USA. INRA, Unite Chim Biol, Inst Natl Agron, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. INRA, Unite Genet & Ameliorat Plantes Fourrageres, F-86600 Lusignan, France. RP Agr Res Serv, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, USDA, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jgrabber@wisc.edu NR 111 TC 150 Z9 156 U1 4 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0691 EI 1768-3238 J9 CR BIOL JI C. R. Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 327 IS 5 BP 455 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.crvi.2004.02.009 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 835CL UT WOS:000222457400006 PM 15255476 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Guillaumie, S Grabber, JH Lapierre, C Barriere, Y AF Ralph, J Guillaumie, S Grabber, JH Lapierre, C Barriere, Y TI Genetic and molecular basis of grass cell-wall biosynthesis and degradability. III. Towards a forage grass ideotype SO COMPTES RENDUS BIOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE grass; lignin; cell wall; digestibility; genetic resources ID CINNAMYL-ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; O-METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; SIMULTANEOUS DOWN-REGULATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; COA REDUCTASE; FERULIC ACID AB Lignification of cell walls is the major factor controlling the digestibility of forage grasses. Thus far, from QTL analysis, about 15 locations involved in cell-wall lignification or digestibility have been identified in the maize genome, many of which colocalise with QTLs involved in corn borer susceptibility. Genetic diversity for enhancing cell-wall digestibility in maize must be identified in novel germplasm, but genetic engineering is also a relevant way both to design specific cell-wall characteristics for improved digestibility and to identify genes involved in these traits for further discovery of alleles of interest in grass germplasm. (C) 2004 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 INRA, Unite Genet & Ameliorat Plantes Fourrageres, F-86600 Lusignan, France. USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. INRA, Unite Chim Biol, Inst Natl Agron, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. RP Barriere, Y (reprint author), INRA, Unite Genet & Ameliorat Plantes Fourrageres, F-86600 Lusignan, France. EM barriere@lusignan.inra.fr NR 100 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1631-0691 J9 CR BIOL JI C. R. Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 327 IS 5 BP 467 EP 479 DI 10.1016/j.cvri.2004.03.004 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 835CL UT WOS:000222457400007 PM 15255477 ER PT J AU Shaffer, MJ Bartling, PNS McMaster, GS AF Shaffer, MJ Bartling, PNS McMaster, GS TI GPFARM modeling of corn yield and residual soil nitrate-N SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE whole-farm management; soil-crop models; environmental quality; decision support systems; model validation ID SIMULATION; PARAMETERS; EROSION; GROWTH; WHEAT AB US agriculture is facing low commodity prices,to farmers because of foreign competition, environmental concerns, and weather fluctuations such as droughts. Producers need to quickly evaluate the marketplace and select appropriate management systems for their farms and ranches. The Great Plains Framework for Agricultural Resource Management (GPFARM) decision support system was developed to assist farmers and ranchers with key strategic management decisions, but requires additional testing before general adoption by the agricultural community. This paper evaluated GPFARM simulation of continuous corn (Zea mays L.) yields and soil residual nitrates under irrigated and partially irrigated conditions, fertilized and non-fertilized applications, and high and low planting densities. Validation results for a 3-year field study indicated the model could simulate corn yields and soil residual NO3-N without bias at the P < 0.05 level with R-2 values for predicted versus observed corn yields and soil residual NO3-N of 0.830 and 0.383, respectively. Mean extended modeling error (EME), a measure of modeling error extending outside the error range of the validation measurements was 168 and 25.2 kg/ha for corn grain yields and soil residual NO3-N, respectively. The EME results further showed that the scatter around the simulated versus observed 1:1 lines for soil residual NO3-N versus corn yields was 53.5 and 19.9% of the mean sum of the absolute residuals, respectively, suggesting higher modeling error with the residual NO3-N. The EME method also effectively separated modeling error from error that could be accounted for by uncertainty in the experimental validation data set. Agricultural producers, consultants, and action agencies should consider these validation results and potential errors when using the model to predict corn yields and related soil NO3-N estimates in strategic management planning and environmental assessment studies. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, NPA, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shaffer, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NPA, Great Plains Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM marv.shaffer@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 43 IS 2 BP 87 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2003.11.001 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 817YH UT WOS:000221212300001 ER PT J AU Schroeder, MA Aldridge, CL Apa, AD Bohne, JR Braun, CE Bunnell, SD Connelly, JW Deibert, PA Gardner, SC Hilliard, MA Kobriger, GD McAdam, SM McCarthy, CW McCarthy, JJ Mitchell, DL Rickerson, EV Stiver, SJ AF Schroeder, MA Aldridge, CL Apa, AD Bohne, JR Braun, CE Bunnell, SD Connelly, JW Deibert, PA Gardner, SC Hilliard, MA Kobriger, GD McAdam, SM McCarthy, CW McCarthy, JJ Mitchell, DL Rickerson, EV Stiver, SJ TI Distribution of Sage-Grouse in North America SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE Centrocercus minimus; Centrocercus urophasianus; distribution; Greater Sage-Grouse; Gunnison Sage-Grouse; habitat change ID INTERIOR COLUMBIA BASIN; CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS; SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; SAGEBRUSH; CONSERVATION; MOVEMENTS; HABITATS; CANADA; IDAHO; WEST AB We revised distribution maps of potential presettlement habitat and current populations for Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and Gunnison Sage-Grouse (C. minimus) in North America. The revised map of potential presettlement habitat included some areas omitted from previously published maps such as the San Luis Valley of Colorado and Jackson area of Wyoming. Areas excluded from the revised maps were those dominated by barren, alpine, and forest habitats. The resulting presettlement distribution of potential habitat for Greater Sage-Grouse encompassed 1 200 483 km(2), With the species' current range 668 412 km(2). The distribution of potential Gunnison Sage-Grouse habitat encompassed 46 521 km(2), with the current range 4787 km(2). The dramatic differences between the potential presettlement and current distributions appear related to habitat alteration and degradation, including the adverse effects of cultivation, fragmentation, reduction of sagebrush and native herbaceous cover, development, introduction and expansion of invasive plant species, encroachment by trees, and issues related to livestock grazing. C1 Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Bridgeport, WA 98813 USA. Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. Colorado Div Wildlife, Grand Junction, CO 81505 USA. Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Jackson, WY 83001 USA. Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA. Natl Sage Grouse Conservat Planning Framework Tea, Midway, UT 84049 USA. Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Pocatello, ID 83204 USA. US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA. Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. US Bur Land Management, Washington, DC 20240 USA. N Dakota Game & Fish Dept, Dickinson, ND 58601 USA. Saskatchewan Environm, Swift Current, SK S9H 4G3, Canada. US Forest Serv, Ogden, UT 84403 USA. Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Helena, MT 59601 USA. Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Salem, OR 97303 USA. Nevada Div Wildlife, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Schroeder, MA (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, POB 1077, Bridgeport, WA 98813 USA. EM schromas@dfw.wa.gov RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011 NR 95 TC 157 Z9 163 U1 6 U2 70 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD MAY PY 2004 VL 106 IS 2 BP 363 EP 376 DI 10.1650/7425 PG 14 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 818SE UT WOS:000221264000014 ER PT J AU Arjo, WM Nolte, DL AF Arjo, WM Nolte, DL TI Assessing the efficacy of registered underground baiting products for mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) control SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Aplodontia rufa; chlorophacinone; diphacinone; efficacy; mountain beaver; strychnine; zinc phosphide AB The mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a fossorial rodent species endemic to the Pacific Northwest and portions of California. This herbivore inflicts millions of dollars of damage annually to forest seedling plantations. Currently, extensive trapping prior to planting is the most reliable method for reducing damage. With increasing restrictions placed on trapping, forest resource managers need alternative tools to minimize forest damage. This study assessed the potential of four toxicants registered for underground use to control mountain beaver; zinc phosphide, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, and strychnine. Zinc phosphide and strychnine are acute toxicants, whereas diphacinone and chlorophacinone are anticoagulants. Anticoagulants prevent the recycling of vitamin K in the body, which inhibits the production of clotting factors. Efficacy varied among treatments. Zinc phosphide and strychnine were avoided by mountain beaver. Pre-baiting marginally increased acceptance of strychnine, but did not alter mountain beaver acceptance of zinc phosphide. Diphacinone and chlorophacinone were both readily consumed, but only chlorophacitione was 100% effective after a 14-day baiting regime. Subsequently, we tested the effects of diet on the efficacy of diphacinone by varying the availability of food containing vitamin K, the anticoagulant antidote. Restricting access to potential sources of vitamin K appeared to increase efficacy. We conclude that anticoagulants hold some promise as additional tools for managers to reduce mountain beaver populations with chlorophacinone showing the most promise. However, limitations to anticoagulant baits include the necessity of long-term baiting (greater than 10 days), a possible decrease in toxicity if baits contact moisture, and potential primary hazards. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Arjo, WM (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 9730-B Lathrop Ind Dr SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM wendy.m.arjo@aphis.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 23 IS 5 BP 425 EP 430 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2003.09.011 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 807TQ UT WOS:000220524200007 ER PT J AU Martin, SA Darrah, LL Hibbard, BE AF Martin, SA Darrah, LL Hibbard, BE TI Divergent selection for rind penetrometer resistance and its effects on European corn borer damage and stalk traits in corn SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MAIZE; STRENGTH AB Corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield is affected by a number of factors, including stalk lodging and pests such as the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner; ECB). European corn borers contribute to stalk lodging and also cause a direct grain yield reduction through physiological effects that decrease the plant's ability to produce and translocate photosynthates. Although much progress has been made in improving standability, stalk lodging remains a major problem, and breeding for stalk lodging resistance continues to be important, especially if it also plays a role in ECB resistance. Missouri Second Cycle Stiff Stalk Synthetic (MoSCSSS) was selected for stalk strength by using a rind penetrometer. Twelve cycles of bidirectional selection have been completed, which has resulted in increased and decreased stalk strength in the high and low directions of selection, respectively. Selected cycles were evaluated for grain yield, stalk lodging, rind penetrometer resistance, first- and second-generation ECB damage, leaf penetrometer resistance at the whorl stage and anthesis, and stalk traits including crude fiber, cellulose, lignin, and silica. Evaluation showed a decrease in grain yield in both directions of selection. Selection for high rind penetrometer resistance was effective at providing resistance to second-generation ECB damage as well as resistance to stalk lodging. Leaf penetrometer resistance was higher in the high direction of selection at whorl stage, but reversed by anthesis where the low direction of selection had higher leaf penetrometer resistance. Crude fiber, cellulose, and lignin increased in the high direction of selection, but silica decreased in the high direction of selection. Significant correlations between the stalk traits analyzed demonstrated that stalk composition was important in providing rind penetrometer resistance, stalk lodging resistance, and second-generation ECB resistance. C1 Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Missouri, Dep Entomol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Darrah, LL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM darrahl@missouri.edu NR 15 TC 17 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 711 EP 717 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000001 ER PT J AU Pedersen, JF Bean, SR Funnell, DL Graybosch, RA AF Pedersen, JF Bean, SR Funnell, DL Graybosch, RA TI Rapid iodine staining techniques for identifying the waxy phenotype in sorghum grain and waxy genotype in sorghum pollen SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Visual classification of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] grain for the waxy phenotype is subjective and can be confounded by genetic background, maturity, environment, and experience of the classifier. Rapid iodine staining methods for identifying the waxy phenotype in sorghum grain and waxy genotypes in sorghum pollen were developed. Mature single sorghum seeds were placed in 48-well micro-plates and crushed. Water was added and the mixture heated to 95degreesC for 1 h to gelatinize the starch. After cooling, iodine solution was added and color scored after 10 to 60 s allowing for very high sample throughput. Sorghum pollen was analyzed for waxy genotype by mixing isolated pollen with iodine solution and viewing under a microscope at 40x. Waxy pollen was visually distinguishable from wild-type pollen using freshly collected as well as aged pollen. These methods will allow large-scale screening of both mature sorghum grains as well as sorghum pollen for waxy characteristics. C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, NPS Wheat, Sorghum & Forage Res, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USDA ARS, NPA, GMPRC, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Pedersen, JF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, NPS Wheat, Sorghum & Forage Res, 344 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jfp@unlserve.unl.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 6 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 764 EP 767 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000009 ER PT J AU Berdahl, JD Ray, IM AF Berdahl, JD Ray, IM TI Comparison of S-1 with open-pollination progenies in selection for yield in crested wheatgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC VARIANCES; TRAITS AB Genetic gain from selection for high dry matter yield in most cross-pollinated forage grasses has been an elusive goal, in spite of sustained breeding efforts. This study was conducted to determine the value of one generation of self-pollinating (S-1) before selection for yield in crested wheatgrass (Agropyron spp.). Dry matter yields were compared at two locations near Mandan, ND, for synthetic populations derived from selection among and within S-1 or among and within open-pollination (OP) progenies from three source populations. Within each source population, the 20 parents used to produce S-1 progenies were in common with the 20 maternal parents of the OP progenies. Soil was a Parshall fine sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Haplustolls) at Location 1 and a Wilton silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Pachic Haplustolls) at Location 2. In space-plant tests, S-1 family means for dry matter yield averaged 52% of OP family means, indicating high levels of inbreeding depression. In solid-seeded tests, yield differences between S-1- and OP-derived synthetic populations were significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) for only one comparison. On the basis of three distinct source populations, we found that S-1 and OP families were both effective when used as the selection unit to choose high yielding parents for synthetic populations. Additional resources required to produce and evaluate S-1 families over OP families could not be justified in the crested wheatgrass source populations evaluated in this study. C1 USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agron & Hort, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Berdahl, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM berdahlj@mandan.ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 768 EP 771 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000010 ER PT J AU Vuong, TD Hoffman, DD Diers, BW Miller, JF Steadman, JR Hartman, GL AF Vuong, TD Hoffman, DD Diers, BW Miller, JF Steadman, JR Hartman, GL TI Evaluation of soybean, dry bean, and sunflower for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STEM ROT; OXALIC-ACID; WHITE MOLD; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESISTANCE; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; IN-FIELD; CULTIVARS AB Many inoculation methods have been used to evaluate resistance of different crops to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Only a few of these methods have been used to evaluate more than one crop. This study compared disease evaluations of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inoculated in the greenhouse (cut stem inoculation method) to field evaluations. In one experiment, stems of two soybean cultivars, Williams 82 (susceptible) and NKS19-90 (partially resistant), were severed and inoculated with a colonized mycelial plug of S. sclerotiorum placed on top of the plant at the cut point of the stem. Stem lesion lengths on these two cultivars were used to determine what effect plant age and post-infection temperature had on disease development. There was a significant (P < 0.05) difference in lesion lengths between inoculated 5-wk-old plants compared with 6- or 7-wk-old plants within each cultivar. At different post-infection temperatures, lesions developed at 25degreesC but not at 30degreesC. In another experiment, disease rating of 15 soybean cultivars evaluated in the greenhouse and field had significant (P < 0.05) correlation coefficients from 0.53 to 0.79. In addition to soybean, two experiments were completed on dry bean and sunflower. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in lesion lengths among 14 genotypes within dry bean and sunflower. The correlation between greenhouse and field evaluations of dry bean and sunflower were 0.74 and 0.50 (P < 0.05), respectively. In summary, disease assessments from the cut stem inoculation compared favorably with disease assessments in the field for soybean, dry bean, and sunflower. C1 USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. USDA, ARS, Fargo, ND USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), USDA, ARS, 1101 W Peabody Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@uiuc.edu NR 25 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 777 EP 783 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000012 ER PT J AU Kabelka, EA Diers, BW Fehr, WR LeRoy, AR Baianu, IC You, T Neece, DJ Nelson, RL AF Kabelka, EA Diers, BW Fehr, WR LeRoy, AR Baianu, IC You, T Neece, DJ Nelson, RL TI Putative alleles for increased yield from soybean plant introductions SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GLYCINE-MAX L; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; L MERRILL; MARKERS; POPULATIONS; GERMPLASM; LINKAGE; IDENTIFICATION; REGISTRATION; DIVERSITY AB Improving seed yield of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important breeding goal. The objective of this study was to evaluate two soybean PIs as sources of alleles for the enhancement of seed yield in North American cultivars. A population of 167 F-5-derived lines was developed from a cross between 'BSR 101' and the experimental line LG82-8379. BSR 101 has nine of 10 major ancestral lines contributing to the commercial gene pool of North America, while LG82-8379 was selected from a cross between PI 68508 and FC 04007B. The F-5-derived lines, divided into three sets based on maturity, were evaluated for 145 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci and for seed yield and other agronomic traits in 12 environments. Fifteen quantitative trait loci (QTL) were significantly [P < 0.05, likelihood of odds (LOD) > 2.5] associated with seed yield in at least one set with two significant across all sets. For nine of the yield QTL, the LG82-8379 alleles were associated with yield increases of 1.7 to 5.4% while the BSR 101 alleles increased yield 2.4 to 4.4% at six yield QTL. Four yield QTL were associated with significant changes in R8, eight with plant height, and three with seed protein concentration. Additional QTL were identified for R8, plant height, lodging, and seed protein and oil concentration. These results indicate that soybean PIs have the genetic potential for improving seed yield of U.S. soybean cultivars. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Genet Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Kabelka, EA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ekabelka@uiuc.edu NR 32 TC 58 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 784 EP 791 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000013 ER PT J AU Lozovaya, VV Lygin, AV Li, S Hartman, GL Widhohn, JM AF Lozovaya, VV Lygin, AV Li, S Hartman, GL Widhohn, JM TI Biochemical response of soybean roots to Fusarium solani f. sp glycines infection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN-DEATH-SYNDROME; PLANT DEFENSE RESPONSES; MEGASPERMA-VAR-SOJAE; PHYTOPHTHORA-MEGASPERMA; CELL-WALL; SUSPENSION-CULTURES; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; PHYTOALEXIN SYNTHESIS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; DISEASE RESISTANCE AB The soil-borne fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. glycines (FSG) infects soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] roots and causes the disease sudden death syndrome (SDS). The biochemical response of soybean roots to FSG infection, which has not been studied before, was investigated by comparing FSG-inoculated and noninoculated roots of two partially resistant ('PI 520733' and 'PI 567374') and susceptible ('Spencer') genotypes. Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the first enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, was increased in inoculated roots of all three genotypes. The phytoalexin glyceollin increased to much higher levels in inoculated roots of the partially resistant cultivars PI 520733 and PI 567374 than in the susceptible Spencer. The changes in phenolic metabolism were localized in lesion-containing areas of roots rather than in the new portion growing under the FSG inoculum. No clear correlation was found between the glyceollin precursor daidzein (4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone) and its conjugates and glyceollin levels in root tissues; however, isoflavone levels increased only in roots of inoculated plants of partially resistant lines, even though constitutive isoflavone levels were higher in the susceptible control. The FSG growth on potato dextrose agar medium was inhibited by increasing concentrations of glyceollin. Induction of lignin synthesis was found in the inoculated roots of all three lines, with the highest rate of lignification observed in roots of the partially resistant genotypes, especially PI 567374. These studies show for the first time that FSG inoculation of soybean roots in soil induces the phenylpropanoid pathway to synthesize isoflavones, the phytoalexin glyceollin, and lignin, indicating that these compounds may be involved in the partial resistance response. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lozovaya, VV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, 1201 Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lozovaya@uiuc.edu NR 52 TC 36 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 819 EP 826 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000018 ER PT J AU Glover, KD Wang, D Arelli, PR Carlson, SR Cianzio, SR Diers, BW AF Glover, KD Wang, D Arelli, PR Carlson, SR Cianzio, SR Diers, BW TI Near isogenic lines confirm a soybean cyst nematode resistance gene from PI 88788 on linkage group J SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HETERODERA-GLYCINES; DNA MARKERS; LOCI; RACE-3; GENOME; POPULATIONS; PEKING AB Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is one of the most destructive soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pests worldwide. The most common source of SCN resistance used in soybean breeding in the northern USA is PI 88788. Previous research has shown that PI 88788 carries a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring SCN resistance on linkage group (LG) G, which is believed to be rhg1. The objective of our research was to map and confirm additional SCN resistance QTL in Bell, a cultivar with resistance from PI 88788. One hundred four F-4-derived lines (F-4 population) developed from crossing the cultivars Bell and Colfax were tested for associations between 54 molecular markers and resistance to SCN populations PA3 (HG type 7, race 3) and PA14 (HG type 1.3.5.6.7, race 14). Three populations of near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed from F-4 plants heterozygous for a region on LG J where a significant QTL was identified in the F-4 population. The NIL populations were tested with genetic markers and also for resistance to both SCN populations. In the F4 population, SCN resistance QTL were identified at both rhg1 and on LG J. The LG J QTL was confirmed in NIL populations and was given the confirmed QTL designation cqSCN-003. The effect of cqSCN-003 was diminished in the NIL populations compared to the F-4 population. This was at least partially the result of segregation distortion in the F-4 population between the region containing rhg1 and the region containing cqSCN-003. These results show the importance of verifying QTL in confirmation populations to estimate accurately their effects. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. Michigan State Univ, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USDA ARS, Jackson, TN 38331 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Diers, BW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bdiers@uiuc.edu NR 36 TC 44 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 936 EP 941 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000033 ER PT J AU Abebe, T Skadsen, RW Kaeppler, HF AF Abebe, T Skadsen, RW Kaeppler, HF TI Cloning and identification of highly expressed genes in barley lemma and palea SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; STRESS TOLERANCE; CONSERVATION; PROTEIN; PLANTS; WALL AB The lemma and palea (lemma/palea) of cereals are photosynthetic organs that supply the developing kernel with carbon and nitrogen. Because of their rigid structure, the lemma/palea can also protect the kernel from pathogens and herbivory. However, very little is known about specific gene expression that enabled the lemma/palea carry out their functions. We have constructed three subtracted cDNA libraries from lemma/palea of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Morex) at the elongation (between pollination and milky stages) through dough stages of kernel development. Differential screening and northern hybridization showed that the cloned genes were highly expressed in the lemma/palea, compared with the nag leaf. Thus, they contained unique sequences not found in the flag leaf or were expressed in the lemma/palea at much higher levels, appearing as if they were induced. Sequence analysis of 226 clones identified a high proportion of genes for defense, structure, amino acid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. High expression levels of defense-related genes strongly suggest that lemma/palea constitutively accumulate defensive molecules to inhibit invasion of florets and kernels by pathogens. Increased expression of genes involved in cell wall synthesis and structural repair can improve physical barriers to herbivores and pathogens. High expression of genes for amino acid biosynthesis and photosynthesis indicates that the lemma/palea are major sources of nitrogen and carbon for the growing kernel. C1 USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Skadsen, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 501 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM rskadsen@wisc.edu NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 942 EP 950 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000034 ER PT J AU Haen, KM Lu, HJ Friesen, TL Faris, JD AF Haen, KM Lu, HJ Friesen, TL Faris, JD TI Genomic targeting and high-resolution mapping of the Tsn1 gene in wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE GENES; NECROSIS-INDUCING TOXIN; TAN SPOT; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PTR TOXA; EXTENSIVE CHLOROSIS; COMMON WHEAT; RICE; IDENTIFICATION AB Tan spot, caused by the fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. causes severe yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) and durum (T. turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28, AABB). The Tsn1 gene acts dominantly to confer sensitivity to a host-selective proteinaceous toxin (Ptr ToxA) produced by the fungus. Our objectives were to: (i) target markers to the Tsn1 genomic region and (ii) develop a high-resolution map of the Tsn1 locus. The techniques of methylation-sensitive AFLP, traditional AFLP, and cDNA-AFLP were combined with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) using various wheat and durum cytogenetic stocks to target markers to the Tsn1 genomic region. Over 500 primer combinations were screened resulting in the identification of 18 low-copy markers closely linked to Tsn1. High-resolution mapping of the markers delineated the Tsn1 gene to a 0.2 cM interval in a hexaploid wheat population consisting of 1266 gametes, and to 0.8 cM in a durum wheat population consisting of 1860 gametes. Comparisons with rice BAC/PAC sequences indicated the lack of colinearity within the Tsn1 genomic region. Tsn1 was located within a gene-rich recombination hot spot region, and the physical distance separating the flanking markers may be as little as 200 kb. Therefore, these markers will serve as a basis for the map-based cloning of Tsn1. The isolation of Tsn1 will further our knowledge of wheat-tan spot interactions as well as host-pathogen interactions in general. C1 USDA ARS, Cereals Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereals Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM farisj@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 951 EP 962 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000035 ER PT J AU Casler, MD AF Casler, MD TI Variation among and within smooth bromegrass collections from rural cemeteries SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN FERTILIZATION; ALFALFA; PERSISTENCE; CULTIVARS; COMMUNITY; GRASSLAND; RESERVES; GRASSES; YIELDS; HEIGHT AB Smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) is poorly adapted to management-intensive rotational grazing because of slow and limited regrowth potential. In an effort to rind existing germplasm with tolerance to frequent cutting, smooth bromegrass germplasm was collected from fence and sod habitats of 30 rural cemeteries in Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Ramets of 25 clones from each habitat of each cemetery were transplanted into a replicated and randomized experiment at Arlington, WI, and evaluated from 1999 to 2002. Within-population genotypic variance was greater in sod populations for plant height and diameter. Across cemeteries, genotypic variances for regrowth vigor of sod and fence populations were positively correlated. These two results suggest that a large amount of genotypic variability is being maintained at some cemeteries by migration into sod populations and disruptive selection favoring different genotypes in the two habitats. Fence populations averaged 7.6% higher in reproductive forage yield, 9.5% higher in vegetative forage yield, 6.0% taller, 8.4% wider plant diameter, 4.7% higher regrowth vigor, and 6.9% higher frequent-harvest forage yield than sod populations. Sod populations tended to be more variable among cemeteries than fence populations, suggesting greater adaptive responses to selection pressure. Two sod populations were highly unusual, one with unusually fast regrowth arising from tillers that initiated obvious growth within 24 h after apical dominance was removed, the other with extremely high reproductive forage yield, but low regrowth vigor. This germplasm may have value in the development of smooth bromegrass germplasm with improved tolerance to frequent cutting or grazing. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 978 EP 987 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000038 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Shahid, M Al-Maskri, A AF Jaradat, AA Shahid, M Al-Maskri, A TI Genetic diversity in the batini barley landrace from Oman: II. Response to salinity stress SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SALT TOLERANCE; SEED-GERMINATION; HORDEUM-VULGARE; YIELD RESPONSE; GROWTH; TRAITS; WHEAT; VARIABILITY; PARAMETERS; GENOTYPES AB Understanding the diversity for salt tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. Our objectives were to screen a collection of 2308 accessions in seven subpopulations of the Omani Batini barley landrace under salinity stress, quantify, genetic variation in germination and early seedling growth attributes, establish the forage yield-salinity response functions for 10 families within each subpopulation, and select genotypes with high yield potential under salinity. Subpopulations displayed high levels of genetic diversity and differed significantly for seed germination and seedling growth attributes at 0.0 and 20.0 dS m(-1), and at tillering stage for forage yield at 0.85, 10.0, and 20.0 dS m(-1). A multivariate-based selection criterion for high forage yield at tillering stage under salinity stress, based on simultaneous selection for low temporal variation in germination and high shoot dry weight under 20.0 dS m(-1), identified highly salt tolerant accessions. Twenty-five out of 70 families representing seven subpopulations were classified as salt tolerant on the basis of their salinity susceptibility indices at 20.0 dS m(-1). Accessions with short rachilla or with high root number and root length under salinity stress ranked highest in salt tolerance. Forage yield at 10.0 and 20.0 dS m(-1) can be predicted with high (R-2 = 0.67, P < 0.0001) and moderate (R-2 = 0.23, P < 0.01) accuracy by forage yield under 0.85 dS m(-1) . On average, forage yield was reduced by 2.4 and 7.9% per dS m(-1) at 10.0 and 20.0 dS m(-1), respectively. Although genetically not improved, the landrace, in general, and subpopulation Batini 4, in particular, contain diversity that remains to be exploited. C1 USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. ICBA, Plant Genet Resources Program, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. Sultan Qaboos Univ, Coll Agr & Marine Sci, Muscat, Oman. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM jaradat@morris.ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 997 EP 1007 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000040 ER PT J AU Veatch, ME Smith, SE Vandemark, G AF Veatch, ME Smith, SE Vandemark, G TI Shoot Biomass production among accessions of Medicago truncatula exposed to NaC1 SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SALT TOLERANCE; SATIVA L; SALINITY TOLERANCE; SELECTION; PLANTS; STRESS; YIELD; ENVIRONMENT; RESISTANCE; GROWTH AB Increased salt tolerance would improve utilization of salt-sensitive crop plants such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In order for selection for salt tolerance to be more efficient, it is useful to know whether improved productivity under saline conditions is due to unique physiological responses to salinity or merely the carry over of increased yield that was selected for in a nonsaline environment. Medicago truncatula Gaertn., a self-pollinated relative of alfalfa, was used to examine the response of specific genotypes across a range of salinities. This was done by evaluating the change in fresh shoot biomass production of greenhouse-grown mature plants and seedlings of different accessions of M. truncatula in response to four levels of salinity imposed as NaCl. Those accessions with the highest fresh shoot biomass production under nonsaline irrigation also had the highest fresh shoot biomass production under all salinity levels. The high correlation between an accession's fresh shoot biomass under nonsaline and saline irrigation indicate no unique physiological adaptation to salinity in the accessions of M. truncatula evaluated. C1 Univ Arizona, Steven E Smith Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Smith, SE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steven E Smith Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Dept Plant Sci, Forbes 303, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM veatchm@email.arizona.edu NR 37 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1008 EP 1013 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000041 ER PT J AU Mozingo, RW Coffelt, TA Swann, C Phipps, PM AF Mozingo, RW Coffelt, TA Swann, C Phipps, PM TI Registration of 'Wilson' peanut SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Tidewater Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Suffolk, VA 23437 USA. USDA ARS, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Mozingo, RW (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Tidewater Agric Res & Ext Ctr, 6321 Holland Rd, Suffolk, VA 23437 USA. EM rmozingo@vt.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1017 EP 1018 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000045 ER PT J AU Henning, J Townsend, S Mahaffee, W Kenny, S Haunold, A AF Henning, J Townsend, S Mahaffee, W Kenny, S Haunold, A TI Registration of 'Newport' hop SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, HRCL, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Washington State Univ, IAREC, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Henning, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM John.Henning@orst.edu NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1018 EP 1019 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000047 ER PT J AU Cooper, RL Mendiola, T St Martin, SK Fioritto, RJ Dorrance, AE AF Cooper, RL Mendiola, T St Martin, SK Fioritto, RJ Dorrance, AE TI Registration of 'Stalwart' soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Ohio State Univ, OARDC, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. Ohio State Univ, OARDC, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Cooper, RL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, OARDC, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM cooper.16@osu.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1019 EP 1020 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000048 ER PT J AU Devine, TE McMurtrey, JE AF Devine, TE McMurtrey, JE TI Registration of 'Tara' soybean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20707 USA. USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20707 USA. RP Devine, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Blsg 001, Beltsville, MD 20707 USA. EM DevineT@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1020 EP 1021 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000049 ER PT J AU Hammond, JJ Miller, JF Statler, GD AF Hammond, JJ Miller, JF Statler, GD TI Registration of 'York' flax SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hammond, JJ (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM James.hammond@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 1 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1023 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000052 ER PT J AU Hammond, JJ Miller, JF Rasmussen, JB AF Hammond, JJ Miller, JF Rasmussen, JB TI Registration of 'Nekoma' flax SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hammond, JJ (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM James.hammond@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 2 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1022 EP 1022 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000051 ER PT J AU Ocumpaugh, WR Hussey, MA Grichar, WJ Read, JC Bade, DH Pinchak, WE Smith, GR Lane, RA Pitman, WD Muir, JP Coleman, SW AF Ocumpaugh, WR Hussey, MA Grichar, WJ Read, JC Bade, DH Pinchak, WE Smith, GR Lane, RA Pitman, WD Muir, JP Coleman, SW TI Registration of 'Armadillo' burr medic SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Texas A&M Univ, Agr Res Stn, Beeville, TX 78102 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Dallas, TX USA. Texas Coop Ext, College Stn, TX USA. Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Vernon, TX USA. Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Overton, TX USA. Sam Houston State Univ, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA. LSU, Rosepine, LA USA. Texas Agr Exptl Stn, Stephenville, TX USA. USDA ARS, Brooksville, FL USA. RP Ocumpaugh, WR (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Agr Res Stn, Beeville, TX 78102 USA. EM w-ocumpaugh@tamu.edu NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1023 EP 1024 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000053 ER PT J AU Elias, EM Manthey, FA Miller, JD AF Elias, EM Manthey, FA Miller, JD TI Registration of 'Dilse' durum wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Cereal & Food Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Elias, EM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM elias.elias@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1024 EP 1024 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000054 ER PT J AU Elias, EM Manthey, FA Miller, JD AF Elias, EM Manthey, FA Miller, JD TI Registration of 'Pierce' durum wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Cereal Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Elias, EM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM elias.elias@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1025 EP 1025 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000055 ER PT J AU Haley, SD Quick, JS Johnson, JJ Peairs, FB Stromberger, JA Clayshulte, SR Clifford, BL Rudolph, JB Chung, OK Seabourn, BW AF Haley, SD Quick, JS Johnson, JJ Peairs, FB Stromberger, JA Clayshulte, SR Clifford, BL Rudolph, JB Chung, OK Seabourn, BW TI Registration of 'Ankor' wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Bioagr Sci & Pest Management Dep, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Haley, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM scott.haley@colostate.edu RI Haley, Scott/C-1228-2013 NR 3 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1025 EP 1026 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000056 ER PT J AU Peel, MD Anderson, JA Rasmussen, JB Miller, JD Olsen, TC Johnson, GW AF Peel, MD Anderson, JA Rasmussen, JB Miller, JD Olsen, TC Johnson, GW TI Registration of 'Jerry' wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Cereal Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Peel, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM mpeel@cc.usu.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1027 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000057 ER PT J AU Jones, TA Nielson, DC Young, SA AF Jones, TA Nielson, DC Young, SA TI Registration of Cucharas green needlegrass germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Utah Crop Improvement Assoc, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jones, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM tomjones@cc.usu.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1031 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000063 ER PT J AU Jones, TA Nielson, DC Young, SA Phan, A AF Jones, TA Nielson, DC Young, SA Phan, A TI Registration of ribstone Indian ricegrass germplasm SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RETENTION C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Utah Crop Improvement Assoc, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Utah State Univ, Utah Crop Improvement Assoc, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Ducks Unlimited Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 1T4, Canada. RP Jones, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM tomjones@cc.usu.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1032 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000064 ER PT J AU McGrath, JM Lewellen, RT AF McGrath, JM Lewellen, RT TI Registration of EL0204 sugarbeet germplasm with smooth-root and resistance to rhizomania SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP McGrath, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, 494 PSSB, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM mitchmcg@msu.edu NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1032 EP 1033 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000065 ER PT J AU Miller, JF Gulya, TJ Vick, BA AF Miller, JF Gulya, TJ Vick, BA TI Registration of two maintainer (HA 434 and HA 435) and three restorer (RHA 436 to RHA 438) high oleic oilseed sunflower germplasms SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LINES C1 USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Miller, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM millerjf@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1034 EP 1035 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000067 ER PT J AU Miller, JF Al-Khatib, K AF Miller, JF Al-Khatib, K TI Registration of two oilseed sunflower genetic stocks, SURES-1 and SURES-2 resistant to tribenuron herbicide SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM LINES C1 USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Miller, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM millerjf@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1037 EP 1038 PG 2 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000071 ER PT J AU Mosjidis, JA Greene, SL Klingler, KA Afonin, A AF Mosjidis, JA Greene, SL Klingler, KA Afonin, A TI Isozyme diversity in wild red clover Populations from the Caucasus (vol 44, pg 665, 2003) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Correction C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Alabama Agr Expt Stn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Temperate Forage Legume Germplasm Resources, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. VI Vavilov Plant Ind Inst, St Petersburg 190000, Russia. RP Mosjidis, JA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Alabama Agr Expt Stn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM mosjija@auburn.edu RI Afonin, Alexander/M-3181-2013 OI Afonin, Alexander/0000-0002-6433-8073 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1039 EP 1039 PG 1 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 820LI UT WOS:000221390000072 ER PT J AU Volk, GM Maness, N Rotindo, K AF Volk, GM Maness, N Rotindo, K TI Cryopreservation of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using plant vitrification solution 2 SO CRYOLETTERS LA English DT Article DE cryopreservation; garlic; shoot tip; media; PVS2 ID APICAL MERISTEMS; REGENERATION; SURVIVAL; CULTURES AB accessions. We classified the garlic (Allium sativum L.) accessions that were selected for our studies based on genotype as identified using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Although recovery was variable, shoots regenerated from a broad range of the accessions after cryo-exposure. Garlic shoot tips were excised from cloves, surface sterilized, and placed on media at 5degreesC for 2 days prior to cryopreservation. Shoot tips were then treated with sucrose-glycerol for 20 minutes, plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2; 15% w/v ethylene glycol, 15% w/v DMSO, 30% w/v glycerol, 13.7% w/v sucrose) at 0degreesC, and then plunged on foils into liquid nitrogen slush. Explants were recovered in 1.2 M sucrose for 20 minutes and then plated onto Gamborg's B5 medium containing alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6(gammagamma-dimethylallylamino purine) (2-iP). Our results demonstrate that genotypically diverse accessions of garlic can be successfully cryopreserved. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Volk, GM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gvolk@lamar.colostate.edu NR 16 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU CRYO LETTERS PI LONDON PA C/O ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE, ROYAL COLLEGE ST, LONDON NW1 0TU, ENGLAND SN 0143-2044 J9 CRYOLETTERS JI CryoLetters PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 25 IS 3 BP 219 EP 226 PG 8 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 833KW UT WOS:000222337200009 PM 15216387 ER PT J AU Skory, CD AF Skory, CD TI Repair of plasmid DNA used for transformation of Rhizopus oryzae by gene conversion SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Rhizopus; recombination; synthesis-dependent; strand annealing; break-induced replication; transformation ID DOUBLE-STRAND-BREAK; MOUSE L-CELLS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; AUTONOMOUS REPLICATION; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; EUKARYOTIC NUCLEUS; HOLLIDAY JUNCTIONS; GAP REPAIR; YEAST AB Techniques for genetic manipulation of the filamentous fungus Rhizopus have been hampered due to a lack of understanding regarding the recombination and replication mechanisms that affect the fate of introduced DNA. The ability to target chromosomal integration of a plasmid has been difficult because DNA transformed into Rhizopus rarely integrates and is autonomously replicated in a high molecular weight concatenated arrangement (i.e., series or chain). Linearization of the plasmid prior to transformation at a site having homology with the genomic DNA yields the highest frequency of integration, but repair of the double-strand break by end-joining is still the predominant event. We recently attempted to circumvent replication of the plasmid by introducing frameshift mutations in pyrG, the R. oryzae orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase gene used for selection of the vector. It was hypothesized that autonomous replication of the mutated plasmids would be incapable of restoring prototrophic growth, since the genomic pyrG also contained a mutation. However, homologous integration of the plasmid results in duplication of the pyrG gene, which can create a functional copy of pyrG if both the genomic and plasmid mutations are paired on the same duplicate copy. While this event was detected in one of the isolates, it represented less than 8% of the total transformants. The majority of transformants contained plasmid replicating autonomously in a concatenated arrangement. Sequence analysis showed that prototrophic growth was restored by repairing the non-functional pyrG sequence in the plasmid, while the genomic pyrG gene was unaltered. Frequent transfer of the genomic pyrG mutation to the plasmid suggests that gene conversion is likely occurring by recombination pathways involving break-induced replication or synthesis-dependent strand annealing. C1 ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Skory, CD (reprint author), ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM skorycd@ncaur.usda.gov NR 34 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 45 IS 5 BP 302 EP 310 DI 10.1007/s00294-004-0494-8 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 814PV UT WOS:000220987500006 PM 15007626 ER PT J AU Hume, ME Poole, TL Pultz, NJ Hanrahan, JA Donskey, CJ AF Hume, ME Poole, TL Pultz, NJ Hanrahan, JA Donskey, CJ TI Inhibition of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus by continuous-flow cultures of human stool microflora with and without anaerobic gas supplementation SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION CULTURE; CECAL BACTERIA; BROILER CHICKS; COLONIZATION; FAECIUM AB A continuous-flow competitive exclusion (CFCE) culture model of human stool microflora was used to examine whether supplemental anaerobic gas is necessary for maintenance of anaerobes and inhibition of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). CFCE cultures of human stool microflora were maintained with supplemental nitrogen, without supplemental nitrogen, or with percolated room air. Cultures with or without supplemental nitrogen maintained >9 log(10) CFU mL(-1) of obligate anaerobes and eliminated 10(6) CFU mL(-1) of VRE. When room air was percolated into the culture, anaerobes were detected at less than or equal to2 log(10) CFU mL(-1), and the same VRE inoculum was not eliminated (P < 0.001). These data demonstrate that human stool CFCE cultures maintain high levels of obligate anaerobes and inhibit VRE without the addition of supplemental anaerobic gas. C1 Louis Stokes Cleveland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Metrohlth Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Donskey, CJ (reprint author), Louis Stokes Cleveland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, 10701 East Blvd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM curtisd123@yahoo.com NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 48 IS 5 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1007/s00284-003-4112-7 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 810BA UT WOS:000220678600008 PM 15060733 ER PT J AU Jolliffe, D AF Jolliffe, D TI Continuous and robust measures of the overweight epidemic: 1971-2000 SO DEMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; OBESITY; RISK AB This article considers alternate measures of the overweight epidemic that are more robust to measurement error, continuous in the body-mass index (BMI) at the overweight threshold, and sensitive to changes in the BMI distribution. The measures suggest that prevalence rates may understate the severity of the overweight problem. Since 1971, the prevalence of overweight has increased by 37%, while the distribution-sensitive measure has increased by 173%. Furthermore, although Hispanics have the highest prevalence of overweight, the distribution-sensitive measures reveal that overweight Hispanics exceed the overweight threshold by the smallest proportion (21%), whereas overweight non-Hispanic blacks exceed the threshold by 33%, on average. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Georgetown Univ, Georgetown Publ Policy Inst, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RP Jolliffe, D (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Room N-2113,1800 M St,NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM Jolliffe@ers.usda.gov NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU POPULATION ASSN AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1722 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0070-3370 J9 DEMOGRAPHY JI Demography PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 2 BP 303 EP 314 DI 10.1353/dem.2004.0015 PG 12 WC Demography SC Demography GA 824PF UT WOS:000221697800006 PM 15209042 ER PT J AU Vidal, G Scheffler, B Michel, A D'Surney, SJ AF Vidal, G Scheffler, B Michel, A D'Surney, SJ TI Genomic and phylogenic comparisons of the alpha-globin and beta-globin intergenic sequences between zebra fish (Danio rerio) and six closely related Cyprinindae species SO DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE; EVOLUTION AB The alpha-globin and beta-globin genes of the zebrafish are tightly linked on the same chromosome in a 3'-5' and 5'-3' configuration, respectively. Although the location of the controlling sequences has been mapped to the intergenic region, analysis determining the uniqueness of this unusual arrangement to zebrafish has not been undertaken. To explore this, we isolated, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed the intergenic region between globin gene families of seven Cyprinindae species including zebrafish. These species were grouped into an in group (immediate relatives, not so distant relatives), and an out group (distant relative). Cellulose acetate electrophoresis of hemoglobin (Hb) detected multiple variants in each species, but a band with electrophoretic mobility (EM) of 6.7 x 10(-5) cm(2). volt(-1.) sec(-1) was shared between species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the intergenic globin gene region also detected a 1.0-kb fragment that was repeated in the in group and a 1.2-kb fragment in the out group. Sequence comparison confirmed that the genetic orientation and controlling sequences location were conserved throughout this region in all seven species. This phylogenic footprinting indicated that the configuration was not exclusive to zebrafish. To confirm sequence alignment, maximum parsimony phylogenic analysis, was performed. Only one member of that group the giant danio, was not closely clustered, being located almost equidistance between the immediate relative and the species of the other clusters. This may represent an ancestral configuration prior to transposition of the alpha globin and beta-globin genes families to nonsynteny. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, Mississippi State, MS USA. Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Vidal, G (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM gvidal@tulane.edu NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1044-5498 J9 DNA CELL BIOL JI DNA Cell Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 23 IS 5 BP 325 EP 334 DI 10.1089/104454904323090958 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 825NA UT WOS:000221764000006 PM 15169611 ER PT J AU Kahl, S Elsasser, TH AF Kahl, S Elsasser, TH TI Endotoxin challenge increases xanthine oxidase activity in cattle: effect of growth hormone and vitamin E treatment SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cattle; endotoxin; growth hormone; vitamin E; xanthine oxidase ID NITRIC-OXIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FREE-RADICALS; HUMAN PLASMA; URIC-ACID; FACTOR-I; SUPEROXIDE; DEHYDROGENASE; MECHANISM; INFECTION AB In addition to its basic role in the metabolism of purine nucleotides; xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is involved in the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals and production and metabolic fate of nitric oxide (NO). Growth hormone (GH) and Vitamin E (E) have been shown previously to modify immune response to infection. Our objective was to determine in heifers the effect of endotoxin challenge (LPS; 3.0 mug/kg BW i.v. bolus, Escherichia coli 055:B5) on xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in plasma. and liver and the modification of this response by daily treatment with recombinant GH (0.1, mg/kg BW i.m., for 12 days) or GH+E (E: mixed tocopherol,1000 IU/heifer, i.m., for 5 days). In experiment 1, 16 heifers (348.7 +/- 6.1 kg) were assigned to control (C, daily placebo injections), GH, or GH + E treatments and were challenged with two consecutive LPS injections (LPS1 and LPS2, 48 h apart). After LPS1, plasma XO activity increased 290% (P < 0.001) at 3 h, reached peak (430%) at 24 h and returned to basal level by 48 h after LPS2. XO responses (area under the time x activity curve, AUC) were greater after LPS1 than LPS2 (P < 0.001). Total plasma XO responses to LPS (AUC, LPS1 +LPS2) were augmented 55% (P < 0.05) over C with GH treatment but diminished to C responses in GH+E. There was a linear relationship (r(2) = 0.605, P < 0.001) between total response in plasma XO activity and: plasma nitrate + nitrite concentration. In experiment 2, 24 heifers (346 t 6 kg) were. assigned to C or GH treatments and liver biopsy samples, were obtained at 0, 3, 6, and 24 h after a single LPS challenge. Hepatic XO activities increased 63.3% (P < 0.05) 6 h after single LPS challenge and remained elevated at 24 h (100.1%, P < 0.01) but were not affected by GH treatment. Results indicate that LPS-induced increases in plasma XO activity could be amplified by previous GH treatment but attenuated by E administration. The data also suggest that E may be effective in controlling some mediators of immune response associated with increased production of NO via the effect on XO activity and its production of superoxide anion as well as uric acid.. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 ARS, Growth Biol Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kahl, S (reprint author), ARS, Growth Biol Lab, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bldg 200,Room 211E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM skahl@anri.bacc.usda.gov NR 54 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 26 IS 4 BP 315 EP 328 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2003.12.002 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 813WO UT WOS:000220937400005 PM 15063924 ER PT J AU Colbert, JJ Schuckers, M Fekedulegn, D Rentch, J MacSiurtain, M Gottschalk, K AF Colbert, JJ Schuckers, M Fekedulegn, D Rentch, J MacSiurtain, M Gottschalk, K TI Individual tree basal-area growth parameter estimates for four models SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Biennial Meeting of the International-Environmental-Modelling-and-Software-Society (IEMSs) CY JUL, 2002 CL Univ Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland SP Int Environm Modelling & Software Soc HO Univ Lugano DE individual tree basal-area growth; goodness-of-fit; parameter estimation; non-linear model ID COMPETITION; STANDS AB Four sigmoid growth models are fit to basal-area data derived from increment cores and disks taken at breast height from oak trees. Models are rated on their ability to fit growth data from five datasets that are obtained from 10 locations along a longitudinal gradient across the states of Delaware, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio in the USA. We examine and compare the estimated parameters for the four models across a range of sample sites and tree ages. We then examine the differences among these models. The Chapman-Richards model is recognized as the best regarding minimum Mean Square Error (MSE) and gives reasonable estimates of maximum basal-area growth for old-age trees. The Weibull model is shown to be the poorest in terms of ability to fit the data. The apparent reason for this lack of fit is discussed. The Richards model ranked third in terms of meeting the MSE criteria but did best in terms of meeting the SAS stop criteria. The von Bertalanffy model is shown to have problems meeting the stop criteria of the SAS non-linear fit algorithm but ranks second in terms of samples meeting the MSE criteria. The von Bertalanffy model also tends to underestimate the long-term maximum value or asymptote of basal area over time. (C) 2004, Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA. St Lawrence Univ, Dept Math Comp Sci & Stat, Canton, NY 13617 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Stat, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Crop Sci Hort & Forestry, Dublin 4, Ireland. USDA, Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Colbert, JJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM jim.colbert@oregonstate.edu RI Rentch, James/A-7556-2009 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 174 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.01.001 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 816FE UT WOS:000221095000010 ER PT J AU Corbin, JD D'Antonio, CM AF Corbin, JD D'Antonio, CM TI Competition between native perennial and exotic annual grasses: Implications for an historical invasion SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE California grassland; coastal prairie grassland; exotic annual grasses; grass competition; invasive species; native perennial grasses; priority effects ID SUCCESSIONAL GRASSLAND; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; COMMUNITY INVASIBILITY; CALIFORNIA GRASSLAND; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; GLOBAL CHANGE; PATTERNS; DIVERSITY; GROWTH AB Though established populations of invasive species can exert substantial competitive effects on native populations, exotic propagules may require disturbances that decrease competitive interference by resident species in order to become established. We compared the relative competitiveness of native perennial and exotic annual grasses in a California coastal prairie grassland to test whether the introduction of exotic propagules to coastal grasslands in the 19th century was likely to have been sufficient to shift community composition from native perennial to exotic annual grasses. Under experimental field conditions, we compared the aboveground productivity of native species alone to native species competing with exotics, and exotic species alone to exotic species competing with natives. Over the course of the four-year experiment, native grasses became increasingly dominant in the mixed-assemblage plots containing natives and exotics. Although the competitive interactions in the first growing season favored the exotics, over time the native grasses significantly reduced the productivity of exotic grasses. The number of exotic seedlings emerging and the biomass of dicot seedlings removed during weeding were also significantly lower in plots containing natives as compared to plots that did not contain natives. We found evidence that the ability of established native perennial species to limit space available for exotic annual seeds to germinate and to limit the light available to exotic seedlings reduced exotic productivity and shifted competitive interactions in favor of the natives. If interactions between native perennial and exotic annual grasses follow a similar pattern in other coastal grassland habitats, then the introduction of exotic grass propagules alone without changes in land use or climate, or both, was likely insufficient to convert the region's grasslands. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. USDA ARS, Exot Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Corbin, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM corbin@socrates.berkeley.edu NR 61 TC 185 Z9 201 U1 19 U2 145 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2004 VL 85 IS 5 BP 1273 EP 1283 DI 10.1890/02-0744 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 821BC UT WOS:000221433300011 ER PT J AU Swayne, DE Suarez, DL Spackman, E Tumpey, TM Beck, JR Erdman, D Rollin, PE Ksiazek, TG AF Swayne, DE Suarez, DL Spackman, E Tumpey, TM Beck, JR Erdman, D Rollin, PE Ksiazek, TG TI Domestic poultry and SARS coronavirus, southern China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME AB SARS coronavirus injected intratracheally into chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks, and quail, or into the allantoic sac of their embryonating eggs, failed to cause disease or replicate. This finding suggests that domestic poultry were unlikely to have been the reservoir, or associated with dissemination, of SARS coronavirus in the animal markets of southern China. C1 USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM dswayne@seprl.usda.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 5 BP 914 EP 916 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 818GL UT WOS:000221233500024 PM 15200830 ER PT J AU Corbin, CJ Mapes, SM Marcos, J Shackleton, CH Morrow, D Safe, S Wise, T Ford, JJ Conley, AJ AF Corbin, CJ Mapes, SM Marcos, J Shackleton, CH Morrow, D Safe, S Wise, T Ford, JJ Conley, AJ TI Paralogues of porcine aromatase cytochrome P450: A novel hydroxylase activity is associated with the survival of a duplicated gene SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALDOSTERONE SYNTHASE ACTIVITY; ESTROGEN BIOSYNTHESIS; GRANULOSA-CELLS; MAMMALIAN AROMATASES; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; NEUTRAL STEROIDS; GONADAL ISOZYMES; EQUINE PLACENTA; CYP19 GENES AB The gonadal and placental paralogues of porcine aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) were examined for novel catalytic properties to shed light on the evolutionary survival of duplicated copies of an enzyme critical to reproduction. Recombinant gonadal P450arom catalyzed the formation of a novel metabolite from testosterone, identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and biochemical analyses as 1beta-hydroxytestosterone (1betaOH-T), in almost equal proportion to 17beta-estradiol (E-2). This activity was absent in reactions with the porcine placental paralogue (or other orthologues) of P450arom and was minimal with androstenedione. Incubations with both porcine enzymes and with bovine and human P450arom demonstrated that 1betaOH-T was not aromatizable, and 1betaOH-T activated the androgen receptor of prostate cancer cells in vitro. Porcine testicular and follicular granulosa tissues synthesized 1betaOH-T, which was also detected in testicular venous plasma. These results constitute the first of identification of a novel, perhaps potent, nonaromatizable metabolite of testosterone, whose synthesis (paradoxically) can be definitively ascribed to the activity of the gonadal paralogue of porcine P450arom. It probably represents an evolutionary gain of function associated with fixation and the survival of the genes after CYP19 duplication. Novel activities and adaptive functions may exist among other duplicated vertebrate aromatases. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, VMPHR, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Physiol & Pharmacol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Conley, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, VMPHR, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, 1114 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajconley@ucdavis.edu RI Marcos, Josep/F-3545-2015 OI Marcos, Josep/0000-0002-3624-108X FU NICHD NIH HHS [1R01-HD-36913] NR 62 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 6 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 USA SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD MAY PY 2004 VL 145 IS 5 BP 2157 EP 2164 DI 10.1210/en.2003-1595 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 816HV UT WOS:000221101900007 PM 14962994 ER PT J AU Sparling, DW Eisemann, JD Kuenzel, W AF Sparling, DW Eisemann, JD Kuenzel, W TI Contaminant exposure and effects in red-winged blackbirds inhabiting stormwater retention ponds SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE zinc; copper; red-winged blackbirds; Agelaius phoeniceus; sediments; stormwater wetlands ID NESTLING AMERICAN KESTRELS; EXCESS DIETARY ZINC; COPPER; CHICKENS; WETLANDS; BIRDS AB Stormwater wetlands are created to retain water from storms and snow melt to reduce sediment, nutrient, and contaminant pollution of natural waterways in metropolitan areas. However, they are often a source of attractive habitat to wet land-associated wildlife. In this study of 12 stormwater wetlands and a larger, older reference site, elevated concentrations of zinc and copper were found in sediments and carcasses of 8-day-old red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) nestlings inhabiting stormwater sites. Although nesting success in the stormwater wetlands was comparable to national averages, sediment zinc concentrations correlated with clutch size, hatching success, fledgling success, and Mayfield nest success, suggesting that the nestlings may have been stressed and impaired by elevated zinc. This stress may have been direct on the nestlings or indirect through effects on the availability of food organisms. C1 USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Univ Arkansas, Ctr Excellence Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Sparling, DW (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM don_sparling@usgs.gov NR 46 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 33 IS 5 BP 719 EP 729 DI 10.1007/s00267-003-0058-6 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 843SC UT WOS:000223105800010 PM 15503389 ER PT J AU Arseniuk, E Czembor, PC Czaplicki, A Song, QJ Cregan, PB Hoffman, DL Ueng, PP AF Arseniuk, E Czembor, PC Czaplicki, A Song, QJ Cregan, PB Hoffman, DL Ueng, PP TI QTL controlling partial resistance to Stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch in winter wheat cultivar Alba SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE bulked segregant analysis; microsatellites; partial resistance; Stagonospora nodorum; Triticum aestivum ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; SEPTORIA-GLUME BLOTCH; BREAD WHEAT; DURUM-WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; LEPTOSPHAERIA-NODORUM; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; COMPONENTS AB Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) is an important foliar and glume disease in cereals. Inheritance of SNB resistance in wheat appears quantitative. The development of partially resistant cultivars seems to be the only effective way to combat the pathogen. Partial resistance components like length of incubation period (INC), disease severity (DIS) and length of latent period (LAT) were evaluated on a population of doubled-haploids derived from a cross between the partially resistant cultivar Alba and the susceptible cultivar Begra. Experiments were conducted in controlled environments and the fifth leaf was examined. Molecular analyses were based on bulked segregant analyses (BSA) and screening with 240 microsatellites DNA markers. The QTL analysis revealed QTL on chromosome 6AL (designated as QSnl.ihar-6A) and putative QTL on chromosome 6D. The QSnl.ihar-6A accounted for 36% of the phenotypic variance for DIS and 14% for INC. The putative QTL accounted for 10% of the variability in INC and 8% of DIS components of SNB resistance. C1 Plant Breeding & Acclimatizat Inst, PL-05870 Radzikow, Blonie, Poland. Nanjing Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Czembor, PC (reprint author), Plant Breeding & Acclimatizat Inst, PL-05870 Radzikow, Blonie, Poland. EM p.czembor@ihar.edu.pl RI Czaplicki, Andrzej/C-9831-2013 OI Czaplicki, Andrzej/0000-0001-9466-1800 NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD MAY PY 2004 VL 137 IS 2 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1023/B:EUPH.0000041589.47544.de PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 854PH UT WOS:000223915300006 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH Milne, DB AF Nielsen, FH Milne, DB TI A moderately high intake compared to a low intake of zinc depresses magnesium balance and alters indices of bone turnover in postmenopausal women SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the International-Society-for-Trace-Element-Research-in-Humans CY SEP 07-12, 2002 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA SP Int Soc Trace Element Res Humans DE zinc; copper; magnesium; bone; trace elements; calcium ID DIETARY ZINC; COPPER; CALCIUM; SUPPLEMENTATION; RATS; OSTEOPOROSIS; DEFICIENCY; MARKERS; IRON AB Objectives: To determine whether moderately high or low intakes of zinc adversely affect the copper status of postmenopausal women to result in unfavorable changes in calcium and magnesium metabolism and other indicators of bone turnover. Design: After a 10-day equilibration period in which the diet provided 31.5 mumol (2 mg) Cu and 137.7 mumol (9 mg) Zn/8.4 MJ (2000 kcal), the subjects were randomly divided into two groups, with one group fed the basal diet supplemented to provide 15.7 mumol (1 mg) Cu/8.4 MJ, and the other group fed the same diet supplemented to provide 47.2 mumol (3 mg) Cu/8.4 MJ. After equilibration, both groups were fed the basal diet with no zinc supplemented (provided 45.9 mumol [3 mg] Zn/8.4 MJ) for 90 days; this was followed by another 10-day equilibration period before the basal diet was supplemented with zinc to provide 811 mumol (53 mg)/8.4 MJ for 90 days. Setting: The metabolic unit of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA. Subjects: A total of 28 postmenopausal women recruited by advertisement throughout the United States of America. Among them, 25 women (64.9 + 6.7 y) completed the study; 21 as designed. Results: The moderately high intake compared to the low intake of zinc increased the excretion of magnesium in the feces and urine, which resulted in a decreased magnesium balance. In the women fed low dietary copper, plasma osteocalcin was higher during the low-zinc than high-zinc dietary period. The urinary excretion of N-telopeptides was increased and the serum calcitonin concentration was decreased by high dietary zinc regardless of dietary copper. Conclusions: A moderately high intake of zinc (811 mumol/day; 53 mg/day) did not induce changes in copper metabolism that resulted in unfavorable changes in bone or mineral metabolism. However, low dietary zinc (45.9 mumol/day; 3 mg/day) apparently resulted in undesirable changes in circulating calcitonin and osteocalcin. As a moderately high intake of zinc decreased magnesium balance, further study of the possibility that a high intake of zinc is a health concern for individuals consuming less than the recommended amounts of magnesium is warranted. C1 ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM fnielsen@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 58 IS 5 BP 703 EP 710 DI 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601867 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815VB UT WOS:000221068700001 PM 15116072 ER PT J AU Horvitz, MA Simon, PW Tanumihardjo, S AF Horvitz, MA Simon, PW Tanumihardjo, S TI Lycopene and beta-carotene are bioavailable from lycopene 'red' carrots in humans SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2002 Meeting CY APR 20-24, 2002 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA DE lycopene; bioavailability; carrots; tomatoes; humans; carotenoids ID INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION; SERUM CAROTENOIDS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; DIETARY-INTAKE; PLASMA-LEVELS; VITAMIN-A; RETINOL; CANCER; INGESTION; TOMATO AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if lycopene and beta-carotene are bioavailable from lycopene red carrots and if lycopene absorption is affected by carrot fiber. Design: Two crossover studies in humans attempted to compare the relative bioavailability of lycopene and beta-carotene from tomato paste to a genetically selected lycopene red carrot during chronic feeding. Each study contained three treatment groups. The vehicle of administration was muffins. Intervention and methods: Study 1 (n=9) used white carrots (0 mg lycopene/day), red carrots (5 mg/day), and tomato paste (20 mg/day). Study 2 (n=10) used red carrots (2.6 mg/day), tomato paste (5 mg/day), and tomato paste plus white carrots (5 mg/day). Each intervention lasted 11 days with a 10-day washout period between treatments. Serum lycopene and beta-carotene were measured by HPLC. Results: Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of muffin type in study 1 (P<0.001), and a significant treatment by sequence interaction in study 2 (P<0.04). The response to increasing amounts of lycopene is linear at the levels fed in these studies (r=0.94). The data suggest that maintenance of serum lycopene concentrations at 0.3 mumol/l occurs at about 2 mg/day of lycopene from mixed dietary sources and a serum plateau occurs at greater than or equal to20 mg/day. Conclusions: These results show that lycopene and beta-carotene are bioavailable from red carrots and lycopene absorption seems to be affected by carrot fiber. Making inferences from both studies, the lycopene in the red carrot is about 44% as bioavailable as that from tomato paste. Red carrots provide an alternative to tomato paste as a good dietary source of lycopene and also provide bioavailable beta-carotene. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Tanumihardjo, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, 1415 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM sherry@nutrisci.wisc.edu NR 42 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 58 IS 5 BP 803 EP 811 DI 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601880 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 815VB UT WOS:000221068700013 PM 15116084 ER PT J AU Sreekumar, C Hill, DE Miska, KB Rosenthal, BM Vianna, MCB Venturini, L Basso, W Gennari, SM Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP AF Sreekumar, C Hill, DE Miska, KB Rosenthal, BM Vianna, MCB Venturini, L Basso, W Gennari, SM Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP TI Hammondia heydorni: evidence of genetic diversity among isolates from dogs SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apicomplexa; Hammondia heydorni; Neospora caninum; dog; Toxoplasma gondii; genetic diversity ID NEOSPORA-CANINUM; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; TISSUE CYSTS; DIFFERENTIATION; SEQUENCE; OOCYSTS; DNA; PARASITE; COCCIDIA AB Canine isolates of Hammondia helydorni from Argentina, Brazil, and the United States were analysed for genetic diversity. A total of 14 isolates were tested for their ability to produce amplification using three PCR assays, one targeting the common toxoplasmatiid ITS-I region and 2 amplifying novel, H. heydorni-specific loci, HhAP7 and HhAP10. While the ITS-1 fragments could be amplified from all isolates, only six isolates were capable of amplifying the fragments from the novel loci. The PCR products were further investigated for genetic diversity using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) techniques. Polymorphism in the digestion pattern was evident only at the HhAP10 locus, differentiating two of the Argentinean isolates from the remainder. Mobility shifts on SSCP gels revealed that the two Argentinean isolates were not only different from the other four isolates, but also differed from each other, both at the HhAP7 and HhAP10 loci. The ITS-1 fragments of all isolates were identical by RFLP. However, two distinct mobility patterns resulted when the products were electrophoresed on SSCP gels. Based on the sequence data from the ITS-1 and the two random loci, the isolates could be broadly classified into two distinct groups, within which minor polymorphisms were evident. In contrast, very little heterogeneity occurred in the sequences of corresponding ITS-I regions of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii isolates. Thus, it is concluded that there is a considerable degree of microheterogeneity among isolates of H. heydorni. This diversity should be taken into consideration while attempting to elucidate the systematics., diagnostics, and biology of H. heydorni in relation to N. caninum. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USDA, ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20745 USA. Natl Univ La Plata, Catedra Parasitol, Fac Ciencias Vet, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Sreekumar, C (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20745 USA. EM kumar@anri.barc.usda.gov RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016; OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773; Chirukandoth, Sreekumar/0000-0003-2875-4034 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 107 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2004.04.009 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 835VH UT WOS:000222513100009 PM 15208039 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Grieve, CM AF Ibekwe, AM Grieve, CM TI Changes in developing plant microbial community structure as affected by contaminated water SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE community structure; contaminated water; rhizosphere and phyllosphere; Escherichia coli O157 : H7; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; GRASSLAND SOILS; RHIZOSPHERE; POPULATIONS; CHRYSANTHEMUM; COMPLEX; NUMBER AB The effects of sand and clay soils and water contaminated by Escherichia coli O157:H7 on the development of rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbial communities were analyzed to determine the influence of plant age on microbial community structure and composition. Community bacterial nucleic acids were extracted from lettuce rhizosphere and phyllosphere samples at different stages of plant development after the soils were irrigated with water contaminated with E coli O157:H7 at planting and 15 days after planting. PCR was used to amplify 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for total bacterial community composition and the products were subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Prominent DGGE bands were excised and sequenced to gain insight into the identities of predominant bacterial populations. The majority of DGGE band sequences were related to bacterial genera previously associated with the rhizosphere and phyllosphere, such as Pseudomonas, Acidobacterium, Bacillus and Agrobacterium. The PCR-DGGE patterns observed for rhizosphere samples were more complex than those obtained from the bulk soil and the phyllosphere. The Shannon index of diversity (H) was used to determine the complexity of the DGGE bands from the phyllosphere, rhizosphere and the bulk soils at different growth stages. A higher diversity was observed in the clay soil than sandy soil during the first week. Few changes in diversity were observed after the first week. The results show that microbial community development in lettuce may take about 7-12 days and this may be the most likely period for maximum pathogen contamination in plants. (C) 2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 ARS, USDA, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM aibekwe@ussl.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-6496 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 48 IS 2 BP 239 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.femsec.2004.01.012 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 821DU UT WOS:000221441000013 PM 19712407 ER PT J AU Moyne, AL Cleveland, TE Tuzun, S AF Moyne, AL Cleveland, TE Tuzun, S TI Molecular characterization and analysis of the operon encoding the antifungal lipopeptide bacillomycin D SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus subtilis; non-ribosomal peptide synthetase; iturin; antifungal lipopeptide; gene inactivation ID NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDE-SYNTHESIS; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ITURIN-A; BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTIBIOTICS; SYNTHETASE; MYCOSUBTILIN; SURFACTIN; CLONING; DOMAIN AB Bacillus subtilis AU195 produces bacillomycin D, a cyclic lipopeptide that is an inhibitor of the aflatoxin producing fungus Aspergillus flacus. Sequence analysis of the bacillomycin D operon revealed four ORFs with the structural organization of the peptide synthetases. Disruption of ORF 2, which links the amino acid moiety to the b-amino fatty acid, resulted in the loss of antifungal activity. By comparing the sequence of bacillomycin D, iturin A and mycosubtilin operons, our results showed that intergenic module replacement have Occurred between B. subtilis lipopeptide synthetases including the iturin family and the plipastatin and fengycin family. (C) 2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Tuzun, S (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 209 Life Sci Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM tuzunsa@auburn.edu NR 27 TC 56 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 234 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.03.011 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 818AP UT WOS:000221218300006 PM 15109718 ER PT J AU Bhagwat, AA Bhagwat, M AF Bhagwat, AA Bhagwat, M TI Comparative analysis of transcriptional regulatory elements of glutamate-dependent acid-resistance systems of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli O157 : H7 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE microbial food safety; enteropathogens; glutamate decarboxylase ID ENTERIC BACTERIA; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; DECARBOXYLASE GENES; GADE YHIE; COLI; PH; EXPRESSION; TOLERANCE; SURVIVAL AB The ability to withstand an acid-challenge of pH 2.5 or less by Shigella flexneri is a necessary trait for virulence and is generally believed to be restricted to the stationary-phase of growth. Earlier reports indicated the glutamate-dependent acid-resistance (GDAR) system of S. flexneri is under the regulation of rpoS, the gene encoding alternative sigma factor that is induced in the stationary-growth phase. The present study reports that unlike Escherichia coli O157:H7, S. flexneri cells when grown in minimal medium, require acid-induction in the stationary-growth phase for a functional GDAR. When grown on complex medium at pH 5.5, GDAR of S. flexneri was vigorous compared to the cells grown at pH 7.5. No acid-induction was required for the stationary phase E coli cells grown on either minimal or complex growth media. Distinct differences in the gadA, gadBC, gadE, and hdeA (but not in rpoS) transcript levels were observed in the stationary-growth phase cells between the two pathogens grown oil minimal medium. Additionally, rpoS-independent acid-induction of GDAR in the logarithmic growth phase that has been recently observed in E. coli strains [FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 227 (2003) 39-45] was not detected in the S. flexneri rpoS mutant. Although some differences in the DNA sequence at the upstream regulatory elements of gadBC were noticed, they do not appear to be significant and involvement of additional regulators in S. flexneri is anticipated, which also may explain the observed differences in the GDAR of two enteric pathogens. (C) 2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA, Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. RP Bhagwat, AA (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Bldg 002,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bhagwata@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 234 IS 1 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.03.020 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 818AP UT WOS:000221218300020 PM 15109732 ER PT J AU Donovan, GH AF Donovan, GH TI Consumer willingness to pay a price premium for standing-dead Alaska yellow-cedar SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHOICE CONTINGENT VALUATION; CERTIFIED WOOD PRODUCTS; DECLINE AB Alaska yellow-cedar has declined in Southeast Alaska over the past 100 years, resulting in half a million acres of dead or dying trees. The natural decay resistance of Alaska yellow-cedar means that many of these trees are still merchantable. However, the topography of Southeast Alaska is such that selectively harvesting Alaska yellow-cedar may often require helicopter-yarding. This paper tests two hypotheses. First, do consumers perceive salvage logging of standing-dead Alaska yellow-cedar as more environmentally friendly than harvesting living trees, and therefore, are they willing to pay a price premium for products manufactured from standing-dead Alaska yellow-cedar? Second, should such a price premium exist, is it sufficient to justify the expense of helicopter-yarding? By using contingent valuation techniques, it is estimated that consumers are willing to pay $1,948 for a children's play structure made from Alaska yellow-cedar sawn from standing-dead trees, compared to $1,000 for an identical play structure sawn from living Alaska yellow-cedar. This price premium is sufficient to justify the additional cost of helicopter-yarding. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 620 SW Main,Ste 400, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 38 EP 42 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 822DO UT WOS:000221516000005 ER PT J AU Smith, PM Dasmohapatra, S Luppold, WG AF Smith, PM Dasmohapatra, S Luppold, WG TI A profile of Pennsylvania's hardwood sawmill industry SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LUMBER; MANUFACTURERS; NEEDS; SIZE; OHIO AB A mail survey of all identified hardwood sawmills in Pennsylvania was conducted in the fall of 2000 to better understand firm size, species used, origin of logs, processing technology employed, the hardwood lumber grades produced, and the value-added features performed by these sawmills in 1999. An adjusted response rate of 31 percent was obtained for the study's 161 usable surveys. Pennsylvania's sawmills produced approximately 1.3 billion board feet of hardwood lumber in 1999. Responding sawmills producing over 3 million board feet (MMBF) per year (1/3 of the firms) accounted for 80 percent of total production. Red and white oak comprised 40 percent of the log volume purchased by responding sawmills in 1999 followed by yellow-poplar (13%), cherry (13%), soft maple (9%), hard maple (7%), and ash (5%). Thirty-eight percent of responding sawmills employed foresters. The vast majority (80%) of hardwood logs were purchased from non-industrial private forest land, followed by state forests (10%), industrial private forests (9%), federal forests (1%), and municipal lands (1%). Circle headrigs were used by 75 percent of responding sawmills; however, two-thirds of very large firms (10 MMBF and greater) used band headrigs. Whereas only 35 percent of all Pennsylvania hardwood sawmills used a computer-aided headrig, nearly all (94%) of the largest sawmills sampled used computer-aided headrigs in 1999. Approximately 19 percent of the hardwood lumber produced by our study respondents in 1999 was First and Seconds (FAS) & Select (SEL) grade followed by No. I Common (24%), No. 2 Common (17%), No. 3A and 3B Common (8%), pallet grade (23%), tie grade (6%), and other (3%). The 16 largest sawmills (10 MMBF+) produced a significantly higher percent of FAS & SEL (30%) lumber grade in 1999 as compared to the study's smaller sawmills. NHLA grading was the most common value-added process performed by responding sawmills (47%) in 1999 followed by kiln-drying (30%), surfacing (3 0%), custom sorting (26%), end-coating (25%), and custom grading (21%). C1 Penn State Univ, Forest Resources Lab 305, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Sta, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Smith, PM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Forest Resources Lab 305, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 43 EP 49 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 822DO UT WOS:000221516000006 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Barbour, RJ Gustafson, RR AF Kumar, S Barbour, RJ Gustafson, RR TI Kraft pulping response and paper properties of wood from densely stocked small-diameter stands SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LODGEPOLE PINE; TREES AB In this study, the kraft pulping characteristics, fiber properties, and handsheet properties of small-diameter trees and tops from three eastern Washington wood species (lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and western larch) were determined. Similar studies were done on submerchantable sawlogs from these three wood species and two commercially available sawmill residue pulp chip sources. The purpose of the study was to compare the kraft pulping characteristics of trees that will be removed during treatments to restore and maintain ecological function, or reduce fire hazard, in northern interior forests with the pulping characteristics of wood conventionally used in kraft mills in the region. The results of this study show that small-diameter trees and tops and submerchantable sawlogs are suitable raw material sources for kraft pulp mills. These wood sources responded to kraft pulping similar to the sawmill residue chips with some minor exceptions. The Douglas-fir submerchantable logs pulped slower than the others and it was found that western larch is a somewhat inferior raw material source due to its lower pulp yield. Results from the fiber analysis were similar to that of the pulping research; pulp from the small-diameter trees and tops and submerchantable logs is comparable to that from the sawmill residue chips with a few notable exceptions. The fiber length of pulps from small-diameter trees and tops and submerchantable logs sources were similar, but the sawmill residue chips produced fibers with moderately higher fiber length and coarseness. Handsheet properties of pulp from all the wood sources were similar. Differences that were noted tended to be attributed to species differences. In general, there are only small differences in the kraft pulping and paper making performance of wood from small-diameter trees and tops and submerchantable sawlogs compared to wood used conventionally in kraft mills. These differences could be handled easily in a mill by making moderate process adjustments. It appears that perfectly good kraft pulp can be made from wood that may be harvested in forests for ecological and fire prevention objectives. C1 Amer Proc Inc, Atlanta, GA 30350 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Amer Proc Inc, 217 Spring Creek Lane, Atlanta, GA 30350 USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 50 EP 56 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 822DO UT WOS:000221516000007 ER PT J AU Fight, RD Pinjuv, GL Daugherty, PJ AF Fight, RD Pinjuv, GL Daugherty, PJ TI Small-diameter wood processing in the southwestern United States: An economic case study and decision analysis tool SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Ponderosa pine ecosystem restoration has been proposed as a method of improving ecosystem health and lowering the risk of catastrophic wildfire in forests in the southwestern United States. There are few facilities in that region that process material removed from restoration treatments into products. At the time of this study, Alpine Trucking and Specialty Woods was an integrated small-wood processor located in Eagar, Arizona, that used logs from restoration treatments to produce roundwood products. A flow diagram was created that showed the products and by-products that resulted when a log was allocated to production of a primary product. This was converted into a spreadsheet model that included the product yields, processing rates, processing costs, and sales revenue. The primary value of this to a broader audience is in demonstrating that a useful model could be built from the working knowledge of mill employees. As a result of this study and the use of the decision analysis software, it was determined that utility poles were not a good product option for Alpine given their equipment mix because processing was inefficient, resulting in high processing costs and low or negative margins. Hand-peeled poles made large contributions to net revenue because they required little processing and carried a premium price. Alpine determined that small peeled poles were their core business and implemented in-woods sorting to route some logs directly to other manufacturers to minimize handling of logs that were not profitable for their operation. The practice of aggressively marketing by-products such as shavings, sawdust, and bagged firewood was retained as an important key to being able to gain revenue from all of the material brought to the mill. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Univ Canterbury, Sch Forestry, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. No Arizona Univ, Coll Ecosyst & Sci Management, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Fight, RD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, POB 3890, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 IS 5 BP 85 EP 89 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 822DO UT WOS:000221516000012 ER PT J AU Chaloner, DT Lamberti, GA Merritt, RW Mitchell, NL Ostrom, PH Wipfli, MS AF Chaloner, DT Lamberti, GA Merritt, RW Mitchell, NL Ostrom, PH Wipfli, MS TI Variation in responses to spawning Pacific salmon among three south-eastern Alaska streams SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epilithon; macroinvertebrates; Pacific salmon; south-eastern Alaska; water chemistry ID LENGTH-MASS RELATIONSHIPS; FOOD WEBS; FRESH-WATER; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PERIPHYTON; DISTURBANCE; ECOSYSTEMS; MARINE; INVERTEBRATES; NITROGEN AB 1. Pacific salmon are thought to stimulate the productivity of the fresh waters in which they spawn by fertilising them with marine-derived nutrients (MDN). We compared the influence of salmon spawners on surface streamwater chemistry and benthic biota among three southeastern Alaska streams. Within each stream, reaches up- and downstream of barriers to salmon migration were sampled during or soon after spawners entered the streams. 2. Within streams, concentrations of dissolved ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), abundance of epilithon (chlorophyll a and ash-free dry mass) and biomass of chironomids were significantly higher in reaches with salmon spawners. In contrast, biomass of the mayflies Epeorus spp. and Rhithrogena spp. was significantly higher in reaches lacking spawners. 3. Among streams, significant differences were found in concentrations of dissolved ammonium, dissolved organic carbon, nitrate and SRP, abundance of epilithon, and the biomass of chironomids and Rhithrogena. These differences did not appear to reflect differences among streams in spawner density, nor the changes in water chemistry resulting from salmon spawners. 4. Our results suggest that the 'enrichment' effect of salmon spawners (e.g. increased streamwater nutrient concentrations) was balanced by other concurrent effects of spawners on streams (e.g. sediment disturbance). Furthermore, the collective effect of spawners on lotic ecosystems is likely to be constrained by conditions unique to individual streams, such as temperature, background water chemistry and light attenuation. C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Juneau, AK USA. RP Chaloner, DT (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM chaloner.l@nd.edu NR 41 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 14 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 49 IS 5 BP 587 EP 599 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01213.x PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 817SO UT WOS:000221197400008 ER PT J AU Wilson, RA Chang, PK Dobrzyn, A Ntambi, JM Zarnowski, R Keller, NP AF Wilson, RA Chang, PK Dobrzyn, A Ntambi, JM Zarnowski, R Keller, NP TI Two Delta 9-stearic acid desaturases are required for Aspergillus nidulans growth and development SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus nidulans; Fatty acid biosynthesis; Delta 9-stearic acid desaturase; fungal development; stearic acid ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; GENE; EXPRESSION; DELTA-9-DESATURASE; METABOLISM; MECHANISM AB Unsaturated fatty acids are important constituents of all cell membranes and are required for normal growth. In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives also influence asexual (conidial) and sexual (ascospore) sporulation processes. To investigate the relationship between fatty acid metabolism and fungal development, we disrupted the A. nidulans sdeA and sdeB genes, both encoding Delta9-stearic acid desaturases responsible for the conversion of palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0) to palmitoleic acid (16:1) and oleic acid (18:1). The effects of sdeA deletion on development were profound, such that growth, conidial and ascospore production were all reduced at 22 and 37degreesC. Total fatty acid content was increased over 3-fold in the DeltasdeA strain, reflected in up-regulation of the expression of the fasA gene encoding the alpha chain of the fatty acid synthase, compared to wild type. Stearic acid accumulated approximately 3-fold compared to wild type in the DeltasdeA strain, while unsaturated fatty acid production was decreased. In contrast, disruption of sdeB reduced fungal growth and conidiation at 22degreesC, but did not affect these processes at 37degreesC compared to wild type. Interestingly, ascospore production was increased at 37degreesC for DeltasdeB compared to wild type. Total fatty acid content was not increased in this strain, although stearic acid accumulated 2-fold compared to wild type, and unsaturated fatty acid production was decreased. Combining the DeltasdeA and DeltasdeB alleles created a synthetic lethal strain requiring the addition of oleic acid to the medium for a modicum of growth. Taken together, our results suggest a role for sdeA in growth and development at all temperatures, while sdeB is involved in growth and development at lower temperatures. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Keller, NP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM npk@plantpath.wisc.edu RI Zarnowski, Robert/A-2786-2009; Dobrzyn, Agnieszka/R-4073-2016 OI Zarnowski, Robert/0000-0001-6343-1500; Dobrzyn, Agnieszka/0000-0002-6331-9460 NR 28 TC 19 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 41 IS 5 BP 501 EP 509 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2003.12.009 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 811LD UT WOS:000220772500004 PM 15050539 ER PT J AU Behura, SK Valicente, FH Rider, SD Shun-Chen, M Jackson, S Stuart, JJ AF Behura, SK Valicente, FH Rider, SD Shun-Chen, M Jackson, S Stuart, JJ TI A physically anchored genetic map and linkage to avirulence reveals recombination suppression over the proximal region of hessian fly chromosome A2 SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR DIPTERA; ORYZAE WOOD-MASON; RICE GALL MIDGE; RESISTANCE GENES; CECIDOMYIIDAE; WHEAT; POPULATIONS; INHERITANCE; CYTOGENETICS; DROSOPHILA AB Resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) to the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor), a major insect pest of wheat, is based on a gene-for-gene interaction. Close linkage (3 +/- 2 cM) was discovered between Hessian fly avirulence genes vH3 and vH5. Bulked segregant analysis revealed two DNA markers (28-178 and 23-201) within 10 cM of these loci and only 3 +/- 2 cM apart. However, 28-178 was located in the middle of the short arm of Hessian fly chromosome A2 whereas 23-201 was located in the middle of the long arm of chromosome A2, suggesting the presence of severe recombination suppression over its proximal region. To further test that possibility, an AFLP-based genetic map of the Hessian fly genome was constructed. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of 20 markers on the genetic map to the polytene chromosomes of the Hessian fly indicated good correspondence between the linkage groups and the four Hessian fly chromosomes. The physically anchored genetic map is the first of any gall midge species. The proximal region of mitotic chromosome A2 makes up 30% of its length but corresponded to <3% of the chromosome A2 genetic map. C1 Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47909 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66505 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Stuart, JJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, 901 W State St,Smith Hall, W Lafayette, IN 47909 USA. EM stuartjj@purdue.edu NR 54 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD MAY PY 2004 VL 167 IS 1 BP 343 EP 355 DI 10.1534/genetics.167.1.343 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 826TF UT WOS:000221851100028 PM 15166159 ER PT J AU Wildman, RA Hickey, LJ Dickinson, MB Berner, RA Robinson, JM Dietrich, M Essenhigh, RH Wildman, CB AF Wildman, RA Hickey, LJ Dickinson, MB Berner, RA Robinson, JM Dietrich, M Essenhigh, RH Wildman, CB TI Burning of forest materials under late Paleozoic high atmospheric oxygen levels SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE paleozoic; atmospheric oxygen; wildfire; flame spread; fire ecology ID FIRE; ECOLOGY; MODEL AB Theoretical models suggest that atmospheric oxygen reached concentrations as high as 35% O-2 during the past 550 m.y. Previous burning experiments using strips of paper have challenged this idea, concluding that ancient wildfires would have decimated plant life if O-2 significantly exceeded its present level of 21 %. New thermochemistry and flame-spread experiments using natural fuels contradict these results and indicate that sustained burning of forest fuels at moisture contents common to living plants does not occur between 21 % and 35 % O-2. Therefore, the fires under atmospheres with high oxygen concentrations would not have prevented the persistence of plant communities. Times of high O-2 also agree with observations of concurrent fire-resistant plant morphology, large insects, and high concentrations of fossil charcoal. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. USDA, Forest Serv NE Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. Murdoch Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Wildman, CB (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM wildman@caltech.edu NR 31 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 13 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD MAY PY 2004 VL 32 IS 5 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1130/G20255.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 815OJ UT WOS:000221051300024 ER PT J AU Asner, GP Keller, M Silva, JNM AF Asner, GP Keller, M Silva, JNM TI Spatial and temporal dynamics of forest canopy gaps following selective logging in the eastern Amazon SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amazon basin; Brazil; canopy damage; carbon cycle; forest recovery; gap fraction; selective logging; tropical forest ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; NATURAL-RESOURCE; REDUCED-IMPACT; COSTA-RICA; DAMAGE; FIRE; MANAGEMENT; RADIATION AB Selective logging is a dominant form of land use in the Amazon basin and throughout the humid tropics, yet little is known about the spatial variability of forest canopy gap formation and closure following timber harvests. We established chronosequences of large-area (14-158 ha) selective logging sites spanning a 3.5-year period of forest regeneration and two distinct harvest methods: conventional logging (CL) and reduced-impact logging (RIL). Our goals were to: (1) determine the spatial characteristics of canopy gap fraction immediately following selective logging in the eastern Amazon; (2) determine the degree and rate of canopy closure in early years following harvest among the major landscape features associated with logging - tree falls, roads, skid trails and log decks; and (3) quantify spatial and temporal differences in canopy opening and closure in high- and low-damage harvests (CL vs. RIL). Across a wide range of harvest intensities (2.6-6.4 felled trees ha(-1)), the majority of ground damage occurred as skid trails (4-12%), whereas log decks and roads were only a small contributor to the total ground damage (<2%). Despite similar timber harvest intensities, CL resulted in more ground damage than RIL. Neither the number of log decks nor their individual or total area was correlated with the number of trees removed or intensity of tree harvesting (trees ha(-1)). The area of skids was well correlated with the ground area damaged (m(2)) per tree felled. In recently logged forest (0.5 years postharvest), gap fractions were highest in log decks (mean RIL=0.83, CL=0.99) and lowest in tree-fall areas (RIL: 0.26, CL: 0.41). However, the small surface area of log decks made their contribution to the total area-integrated forest gap fraction minor. In contrast, tree falls accounted for more than two-thirds of the area disturbed, but the canopy gaps associated with felled trees were much smaller than for log decks, roads and skids. Canopy openings decreased in size with distance from each felled tree crown. At 0.5 years postharvest, the area initially affected by the felling of each tree was approximately 100 m in radius for CL and 50 m for RIL. Initial decreases in gap fraction during the first 1.5 years of regrowth diminished in subsequent years. Throughout the 3.5-year period of forest recovery, tree-fall gap fractions remained higher in CL than in RIL treatments, but canopy gap closure rates were higher in CL than in RIL areas. During the observed recovery period, the canopy gap area affected by harvesting decreased in radius around each felled tree from 100 to 40 m in CL, and from 50 to 10 m in RIL. The results suggest that the full spatial and temporal dynamics of canopy gap fraction must be understood and monitored to predict the effects of selective logging on regional energy balance and climate regimes, biogeochemical processes including carbon cycling, and plant and faunal population dynamics. This paper also shows that remote sensing of log decks alone will not provide an accurate assessment of total forest area impacted by selective logging, nor will it be closely correlated to damage levels and canopy gap closure rates. C1 Stanford Univ, Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, BR-66095100 Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Asner, GP (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gpa@stanford.edu RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 NR 49 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 38 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 5 BP 765 EP 783 DI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00756.x PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 820WY UT WOS:000221421600017 ER PT J AU Keller, M Palace, M Asner, GP Pereira, R Silva, JNM AF Keller, M Palace, M Asner, GP Pereira, R Silva, JNM TI Coarse woody debris in undisturbed and logged forests in the eastern Brazilian Amazon SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amazon; coarse woody debris; reduced impact logging; selective logging; tropical forest; wood density ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; REDUCED-IMPACT; LOGGING DAMAGE; DEAD WOOD; MANAGEMENT; BIOMASS; CARBON; DECOMPOSITION; TURNOVER AB Coarse woody debris (CWD) is an important component of the carbon cycle in tropical forests. We measured the volume and density of fallen CWD at two sites, Cauaxi and Tapajos in the Eastern Amazon. At both sites we studied undisturbed forests (UFs) and logged forests 1 year after harvest. Conventional logging (CL) and reduced impact logging (RIL) were used for management on areas where the geometric volumes of logs harvested was about 25-30 m(3) ha(-1). Density for five classes of fallen CWD for large material (>10 cm diameter) ranged from 0.71 to 0.28 Mg m(-3) depending upon the degree of decomposition. Density of wood within large fallen logs varied with position relative to the ground and with distance from the center of the log. Densities for materials with diameters from 2 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm were 0.36 and 0.45 Mg m(-3), respectively. The average mass (+/-SE) of fallen CWD at Cauaxi was 55.2 (4.7), 74.7 (0.6), and 107.8 (10.5) Mg ha(-1) for duplicate UF, RIL, and CL sites, respectively. At Tapajos, the average mass of fallen CWD was 50.7 (1.1) Mg ha(-1) for UF and 76.2 (10.2) Mg ha(-1) for RIL for duplicate sites compared with 282 Mg ha(-1) for live aboveground biomass. Small- and medium-sized material (<10 cm dia.) accounted for 8-18% of the total fallen CWD mass. The large amount of fallen CWD at these UF sites relative to standing aboveground biomass suggests either that the forests have recently been subjected to a pulse of high mortality or that they normally suffer a high mortality rate in the range of 0.03 per year. Accounting for background CWD in UF, CL management produced 2.7 times as much CWD as RIL management. Excess CWD at logging sites would generate a substantial CO2 emission given the high rates of decay in moist tropical forests. C1 Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. Stanford Univ, Carnegie Inst Washington, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. INAM Conj Julia Sefer 52 A, BR-67020520 Belem, Para, Brazil. EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, BR-66095100 Belem, Para, Brazil. RP Keller, M (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Morse Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM michael.keller@unh.edu RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 NR 35 TC 93 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 27 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 10 IS 5 BP 784 EP 795 DI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2003.00770.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 820WY UT WOS:000221421600018 ER PT J AU Iverson, LR Schwartz, MW Prasad, AM AF Iverson, LR Schwartz, MW Prasad, AM TI How fast and far might tree species migrate in the eastern United States due to climate change? SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE climate change; Diospyros virginiana; fragmented habitat; global warming; Liquidambar styraciflua; migration; Oxydendrum arboreum; Pinus taeda; Quercus falcata; United States ID PLANT MIGRATION; FOREST COVER; SEED DISPERSAL; AVHRR DATA; HABITAT; RATES; FRAGMENTATION; MODEL; RANGE AB Aim We describe and use a model, SHIFT, to estimate potential migration due to climate change over the next 100 years. Location Eastern United States. Methods Five species, currently confined to the eastern half of the United States and not extending into Canada, were used to assess migration potential: Diospyros virginiana (persimmon), Liquidambar styraciflua (sweetgum), Oxydendrum arboreum (sourwood), Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), and Quercus falcata var. falcata (southern red oak). SHIFT is a matrix simulation model using simple inverse power functions to provide a distance decay of seed dispersal and is driven primarily by the abundance of the species near the boundary, the forest density within and beyond the boundary, and the distance between cells. For each cell outside the current boundary, the model creates an estimate of the probability that each unoccupied cell will become colonized over a period of 100 years. SHIFT is a 'fat-tailed' migration model that allows rare very long distance dispersal events and colonization could occur up to 500 km beyond the current distribution boundary. Model outputs were analysed using transects through sections showing relatively low and high colonization probabilities as a result of low and high densities of target trees (high source strength) as well as high densities of forest (high sink strength). We also assess migration potential for species by concentric rings around the current boundary. Results Model outputs show the generally limited nature of migration for all five species over 100 years. There is a relatively high probability of colonization within a zone of 10-20 km (depending on habitat quality and species abundance) from the current boundary, but a small probability of colonization where the distance from the current boundary exceeds about 20 km. Whether biologically plausible or not, rare very long distance migration events are not sufficient to rescue migration. Species abundance (the source strength of migration) near the range boundary carried relatively more influence than percentage forest cover (sink strength) in determining migration rates. Main conclusions The transect evaluation revealed the importance of abundance of the species near the boundary, indicating that rare species may have much more difficulty in unassisted northward migration due to climate change. The concentric rings analysis of the model outputs showed that only the first 10-20 km of area would have a reasonably high probability of colonization. Rare, long-distance events permit colonization of remote outliers, but much more needs to be understood about the likelihood of these rare events to predict the frequency of outlier establishment. C1 US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, USDA, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Iverson, LR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Northeastern Res Stn, USDA, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RI Schwartz, Mark/G-1066-2011; Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Schwartz, Mark/0000-0002-3739-6542; Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X NR 48 TC 146 Z9 151 U1 4 U2 59 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-7447 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 13 IS 3 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1111/j.1466-822X.2004.00093.x PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 820XB UT WOS:000221422000003 ER PT J AU Maul, JD Farris, JL Milam, CD Cooper, CM Testa, S Feldman, DL AF Maul, JD Farris, JL Milam, CD Cooper, CM Testa, S Feldman, DL TI The influence of stream habitat and water quality on macroinvertebrate communities in degraded streams of northwest Mississippi SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE environmental relationships; physical habitat; macroinvertebrate communities; Mississippi; stream restoration; water quality ID CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; CHANNEL INCISION; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; WARMWATER STREAMS; INDEX; REHABILITATION; VARIABILITY; DEGRADATION; RESTORATION AB Streams in the loess hills of northwest Mississippi have undergone dramatic physical changes since European settlement and both physical and water quality processes may play a role in influencing biotic communities of these stream systems. The objectives of this study were to identify the response of macroinvertebrate taxa to water quality and habitat parameters in streams of northwest Mississippi, examine the efficacy of an a priori classification system of stream channel evolution and condition class using macroinvertebrate communities, and examine short-term (<2 yr) temporal variation of macroinvertebrate communities. Separation of sites based on four condition classifications was not distinct. However, best attainable sites did plot together in an ordination analysis suggesting similarity in macroinvertebrate communities for least disturbed sites. Similarly, for stage of channel evolution, sites characterized by lack of bank failure and sinuous fluvial processes had relatively similar macroinvertebrate communities. Ordination analysis also indicated high temporal variation of macroinvertebrate communities. Reference sites (best attainable and stable sites) had more similar communities between years than unstable and impacted sites. Results of this study: (1) suggest total solids, total phosphorus concentration, percent substrate as sand, ammonia concentration, and conductivity were important variables for structuring stream macroinvertebrate communities in northwest Mississippi, (2) identify potential indicator taxa for assessing such streams based on water quality and physical habitat, (3) provide support for current a priori site classifications at the best attainable (least impacted) category relative to the macroinvertebrate communities, and (4) demonstrate that between-year variation is an important factor when assessing streams of north Mississippi and this variability may be related to the degree of stream degradation. C1 Arkansas State Univ, Environm Sci Program, Ecotoxicol Res Facil, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. EA Engn Sci & Technol Inc, Sparks, MD 21152 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. Montana Dept Environm Qual, Helena, MT 59601 USA. RP Maul, JD (reprint author), Arkansas State Univ, Environm Sci Program, Ecotoxicol Res Facil, POB 847, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. EM jmaul@astate.edu NR 36 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 25 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD MAY PY 2004 VL 518 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1023/B:HYDR.0000025058.00605.6e PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 814LV UT WOS:000220977100007 ER PT J AU Strader, LC Zale, JM Steber, CM AF Strader, LC Zale, JM Steber, CM TI SIVB 2003 congress symposium proceeding: Mutation- and transposon-based approaches for the identification of genes for pre-harvest sprouting in wheat SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum L.; pre-harvest sprouting; dormancy; mutagenesis; transposon-tagging ID STEM-RUST RESISTANCE; NONSUPPRESSOR MUTATION; GRAIN HARDNESS; DS ELEMENTS; ABA LEVELS; ARABIDOPSIS; MAIZE; PUROINDOLINE; CHROMOSOMES; ACTIVATION AB This, article reviews techniques for gene identification and cloning in allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Gone identification and cloning in wheat are complicated by the large size and high redundancy of the genome. Both classical mutagenesis and transposon tagging are important tools for the study of grain dormancy and plant hormone signaling in wheat. While classical mutagenesis can be used to identify wheat mutants with altered hormone sensitivity, it can be difficult to Clone the corresponding genes. We review the techniques available for gene identification in wheat, and propose that transposon-based activation tagging will be an important tool for wheat genetics. C1 Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Steber, CM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 209 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM csteber@wsu.edu NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-5476 EI 1475-2689 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 256 EP 259 DI 10.1079/IVP2003525 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 844JL UT WOS:000223154200003 ER PT J AU Osuna, P Barrow, JR AF Osuna, P Barrow, JR TI Regeneration of black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda Torr. Torr) plants via somatic embryogenesis SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE arid; drought; endophyte; range grass; symbiosis ID SORGHUM-BICOLOR; TISSUE-CULTURE; GRASS; ACID AB Black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda) is an important forage grass in southwestern USA rangelands. Plants were regenerated by somatic embryogenesis. Surface-disinfested seeds were germinated and the embryonic shoots were excised and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium gelled with agar. Callus was induced from apical meristems. Calluses were cultured on MS solid medium with six concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or Dicamba (6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) for 6 wk under light or dark conditions. Somatic embryo induction was greatest on 4.52 muM Dicamba, under light, after transferring to an auxin-free medium. Embryo development progressed from globular torpedo to mature embryos phenotypically identical to those naturally produced in seed. These germinated and grew into intact plants and were established in soil and grown to maturity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of somatic embryo induction and regeneration in black grama grass. C1 New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Barrow, JR (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER,POB 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jbarrow@nmsu.edu NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU C A B I PUBLISHING PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 40 IS 3 BP 299 EP 302 DI 10.1079/IVP2003533 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 844JL UT WOS:000223154200011 ER PT J AU Cornish, K Myers, MD Kelley, SS AF Cornish, K Myers, MD Kelley, SS TI Latex quantification in homogenate and purified latex samples from various plant species using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Ficus; Helianthus; Hevea; NIR; Parthenium; Taraxacum ID HEVEA-BRASILIENSIS LATEX; GUAYULE LATEX; CROSS-REACTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; RUBBER AB Parthenium argentatum (guayule) is under commercial development as a source of hypoallergenic latex, which is suitable for the manufacture of latex medical devices safe for use by people suffering from Type I latex protein allergy. Improving agronomic practices, post-harvest shrub handling, and optimizing latex extraction and purification protocols during bioprocessing are hampered by the relatively cumbersome latex quantification methods currently employed. Current methods require several hours before analytical results can be obtained. The object of our study was to develop and test a near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic method for rapid quantification of latex in both wet and dried P. argentatum homogenate and purified latex samples. The procedure was tested on latex samples from Ficus elastica (Indian rubber tree), Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Hevea brasiliensis (Brazilian or para rubber tree) and Taraxacum kok-saghyz (Russian dandelion). P. argentatum latex could be accurately quantified, over a wide concentration range of 0 to 25 mg/ml. The correlations between the measured rubber content and the rubber content predicted by NIR were 0.96 and 0.91 for dry and wet samples, respectively. The presence of homogenate components unrelated to the latex fraction did not perturb the correlations obtained. Similar predictive models could be used to measure the rubber content in F elastica, H. annuus, H. brasilensis and T kok-saghyz. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Cornish, K (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM kcornish@pw.usda.gov RI Cornish, Katrina/A-9773-2013 NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 19 IS 3 BP 283 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2003.10.009 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 814AR UT WOS:000220948100010 ER PT J AU King, JR Porter, SD AF King, JR Porter, SD TI Recommendations on the use of alcohols for preservation of ant specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) SO INSECTES SOCIAUX LA English DT Article DE Formicidae; ethanol; isopropanol; specimen preservation; DNA ID PLANT SPECIMENS; DNA; PENETRATION; EXTRACTION; MECHANISM; INSECTS; COMPLEX; ETHANOL AB Collectors use a variety of concentrations and types of alcohols to preserve ant specimens. We evaluated existing literature, experimental evidence, and expert myrmecological advice to determine what kind and concentration of alcohol will result in the best preserved specimens for card-point mounting and DNA extraction. For our experimental evaluation, we killed and stored Solenopsis invicta, Camponotus floridanus, and Dorymyrmex bureni workers in isopropanol and ethanol at four concentrations (70, 85, 95, 100%) over three time periods (24 h, 1 month, 6 months). We then compared specimen condition and amenability to manipulation for mounting on card points. Specimens stored in either 95% isopropanol or 95% ethanol for time periods longer than 24 h produced the best specimens for mounting. A literature review revealed that DNA is best preserved in 95-100% ethanol due to the ability of ethanol to more rapidly penetrate cellular membranes and deactivate DNase activity than other primary alcohols. We recommend that general collections of adult ant specimens should be killed and stored in 95% ethanol. Following this recommendation will result in ant specimens that are easier to mount for museum collections and better preserved for molecular studies. A variety of other killing and preservation techniques relevant to the study of ants are also discussed. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP King, JR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jking@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 32 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 21 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1812 J9 INSECT SOC JI Insect. Soc. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 51 IS 2 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.1007/s00040-003-0709-x PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 825BH UT WOS:000221730500015 ER PT J AU Ayala-Silva, T Twumasi, YA AF Ayala-Silva, T Twumasi, YA TI Hurricane Georges and vegetation change in Puerto Rico using AVHRR satellite data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; NOAA-AVHRR; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; COVER CHANGES; BURNED AREA; CROP YIELD; INDEXES; NDVI; IMPACT; DYNAMICS AB This study assesses natural disturbances at Puerto Rico resulting from hurricane Georges in September 1998. The study was done using data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 14 satellite. Specifically, the Luquillo Experimental Forest, the Guanica Dry Forest and five cities were examined using AVHRR data. It was found that although there is probably no significant relationship between Georges and the before/after temperature data, there is a statistically significant relationship between distance to the location affected by the hurricane and the extent of changes in NDVI, a fact that suggests that it is possible to measure hurricane impacts on vegetation by using AVHRR data. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Ctr Hydrol Soil Climatol & Remote Sensing, Normal, AL 35762 USA. USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Qual Assurance Res Unit, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Twumasi, YA (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Ctr Hydrol Soil Climatol & Remote Sensing, POB 1208, Normal, AL 35762 USA. EM ayalat@qaru.ars.usda.gov; ytwumasi@aamu.edu NR 38 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1629 EP 1640 DI 10.1080/01431160310001595037 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 805YI UT WOS:000220401200005 ER PT J AU Gasparich, GE Whitcomb, RF Dodge, D French, FE Glass, J Williamson, DL AF Gasparich, GE Whitcomb, RF Dodge, D French, FE Glass, J Williamson, DL TI The genus Spiroplasma and its non-helical descendants: phylogenetic classification, correlation with phenotype and roots of the Mycoplasma mycoides clade SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PULSED-FIELD ELECTROPHORESIS; REVISED GROUP CLASSIFICATION; STEROL-REQUIRING MOLLICUTES; HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS; MALE-KILLING BACTERIA; RNA SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; CORN STUNT DISEASE; FLIES DIPTERA; GENOMIC RELATEDNESS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD AB The genus Spiroplasma (helical mollicutes: Bacteria: Firmicutes: Mollicutes: Entomoplasmatales: Spiroplasmataceae) is associated primarily with insects. The Mycoplasma mycoides cluster (sensu Weisburg et al. 1989 and Johansson and Pettersson 2002) is a group of mollicutes that includes the type species-Mycoplasma mycoides-of Mycoplasmatales, Mycoplasmataceae and Mycoplasma. This cluster, associated solely with ruminants, contains five other species and subspecies. Earlier phylogenetic reconstructions based on partial 16S rDNA sequences and a limited sample of Spiroplasma and Mycoplasma sequences suggested that the genus Mycoplasma was polyphyletic, as the M. mycoides cluster and the grouping that consisted of the hominis and pneumoniae groups of Mycoplasma species were widely separated phylogenetically and the M. mycoides cluster was allied with Spiroplasma. It is shown here that the M. mycoides cluster arose from Spiroplasma through an intermediate group of non-helical spiroplasmal descendants-the Entomoplasmataceae. As this conclusion has profound implications in the taxonomy of Mollicutes, a detailed phylogenetic study of Spiroplasma and its non-helical descendants was undertaken. These analyses, done with maximum-parsimony, provide cladistic status; a new nomenclature is introduced here, based on 'bottom-up' rather than 'top-down' clade classification. The order Entomoplasmatales consists of four major clades: (i) the Mycoides-Entomoplasmataceae clade, which contains M. mycoides and its allies and Entomoplasma and Mesoplasma species and is a sister lineage to (ii) the Apis clade of Spiroplasma. Spiroplasma and the Entomoplasmataceae are paraphyletic, but this status does not diminish their phylogenetic usefulness. Five species that were previously unclassified phylogenetically are basal to the Apis clade sensu strictu and to the Mycoides clade. One of these species, Spiroplasma sp. TIUS-1, has very poor helicity and a very small genome (840 kbp); this putative species can be envisioned as a 'missing link' in the evolution of the Mycoides-Entomoplasmataceae clade. The other two Spiroplasma clades are: (iii) the Citri-Chrysopicola-Mirum clade (serogroups I, II, V and VIII) and (iv) the ixodetis clade (serogroup VI). As Mesoplasma lactucae represents a basal divergence within the Mycoides-Entomoplasmataceae clade, and as Entomoplasma freundtii is basal to the Mycoides clade, M. mycoides and its allies must have arisen from an ancestor in the Entomoplasmataceae. The paraphyletic grouping that consists of the Hominis and Pneumoniae groups (sensu Johansson & Pettersson 2002) of Mycoplasma species contains the ancestral roots of Ureaplasma sop. and haemoplasmas. This clade is a sister lineage to the Entomoplasmatales clade. Serological classifications of spiroplasma are very highly supported by the trees presented. Genome size and G + C content of micro-organismal DNA were moderately conserved, but there have been frequent and polyphyletically distributed genome reductions. Sterol requirements were polyphyletic, as was the ability to grow in the presence of polyoxyethylene sorbitan-supplemented, but not serum-supplemented, media. As this character is not phylogenetically distributed, Mesoplasma and Entomoplasma should be combined into a single genus. The phylogenetic trees presented here confirm previous reports of polyphyly of the genus Mycoplasma. As both clades of Mycoplasma contain several species of great practical importance, a change of the genus name for species in either clade would have immense practical implications. In addition, a change of the genus name for M. mycoides would have to be approved by the Judical Commission. For these reasons, the Linnaean and phylogenetic classifications of Mycoplasma must for now be discrepant. C1 Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. USDA, Vegetable Lab, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Bayer Corp, Business Grp Diagnost, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Inst Biol Energy Alternat, Manassas, VA 20850 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Gasparich, GE (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM ggasparich@towson.edu RI Glass, John/A-6572-2015 OI Glass, John/0000-0002-3784-5301 NR 125 TC 68 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 17 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 54 BP 893 EP 918 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.02688-0 PN 3 PG 26 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 822ZM UT WOS:000221579500041 PM 15143041 ER PT J AU Casas, E Freking, BA Leymaster, KA AF Casas, E Freking, BA Leymaster, KA TI Evaluation of Dorset, Finnsheep, Romanov, Texel, and Montadale breeds of sheep: II. Reproduction of F-1 ewes in fall mating seasons SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ewe productivity; reproductive traits; sire breeds ID FINNISH LANDRACE; POPULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; COMPOSITE; TRAITS; LAMBS AB Objectives were to estimate effects of sire breed (Dorset, Finnsheep, Romanov, Texel, and Montadale), dam breed (Composite III and northwestern whiteface), mating season (August, October, and December), ewe age (1, 2, and 3 yr), and their interactions on reproductive traits of F, ewes. A total of 1,799 F, ewes produced 3,849 litters from 4,804 exposures to Suffolk rams during 35-d mating seasons over 3 yr. Ewes were weighed at breeding. Conception rate and ewe longevity (present or absent at 42 mo of age) were determined. Number born and litter birth weight were recorded, and number and weight at weaning and 20 wk of age were analyzed separately for dam- and nursery-reared litter mates. Total productivity through 3 yr of age for each ewe entering the breeding flock was calculated as the sum of 20-wk weights for dam- or nursery-reared lambs. Interactions of sire breed x mating season, sire breed x ewe age, and mating season x ewe age were generally significant, whereas interactions of sire breed, mating season, and ewe age x dam breed were seldom detected. Interactions of sire breed x mating season were often due to changes in rank as well as magnitude, indicating the importance of matching sire breed to a specific mating season. The number born to Dorset-, Texel-, and Montadale-sired ewes was not affected by dam breed; however, Finnsheep-sired ewes out of northwestern whiteface dams were more prolific than Finnsheep-sired ewes out of Composite III dams, and the opposite situation existed for Romanov-sired ewes. Least squares means of sire breeds (P < 0.001) for total productivity of dam-reared lambs were 98.5, 103.5, 106.9, 124.6, and 154.9 kg/ewe entering the breeding flock for Texel, Dorset, Montadale, Finnsheep, and Romanov, respectively. Superior reproduction of Romanov-sired ewes was due to greater conception rate and prolificacy for each mating season and ewe age, as well as greater ewe longevity. Total productivity of F, ewes by Composite III dams (125.6 kg) was greater (P < 0.001) than for ewes born to northwestern whiteface dams (109.7 kg), and the effect of mating season increased (P < 0.001) from August to October to December. Litter weight at 20 wk of age of 2- and 3-yr-old ewes was similar but greater (P < 0.001) than for 1-yr-old ewes. Experimental results provide comprehensive information about the appropriate use of these breeds in crossbreeding systems to meet specific production-marketing objectives. C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Casas, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM casas@email.marc.usda.gov RI Freking, Brad/C-6494-2008 NR 11 TC 19 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1280 EP 1289 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400003 PM 15144067 ER PT J AU Parr, TM Kerr, BJ Baker, DH AF Parr, TM Kerr, BJ Baker, DH TI Isoleucine requirement for late-finishing (87 to 100 kg) pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE blood cells; finishing pigs; isoleucine; requirement ID AMINO-ACID PATTERN AB Three pig trials were carried out to determine the true digestible Ile requirement for maximal weight gain and minimal plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) of late-finishing (87 to 105 kg) pigs. In Exp. 1, an Ile-deficient basal diet was developed and confirmed to be markedly deficient in Ile, yet fully efficacious when fortified with surfeit Ile. This diet contained corn and dried red blood cells (RBC) as Ile sources, and was analyzed to contain 10.5% CP, 0.25% Ile, and 0.63% lysine; ME was calculated to be 3,475 kcal/kg. True digestibility of Ile in the basal diet was 88% based on previous digestibility trials in ileal-cannulated pigs and cecectomized roosters. Experiment 2 was a growth trial that involved five graded levels of crystalline Ile supplementation (0.02%) to generate five dose levels of true digestible Ile (0.25 to 0.33%), Diets 1 through 5, respectively. Gain and feed efficiency showed a linear response to incremental doses of Ile (P = 0.003 and 0.036, respectively), with an apparent plateau at 0.31% true digestible Ile. In Exp. 3, a replicated 5 x 5 Latin square, five barrows (Square 1) and five gilts (Square 2) were used in five 4-d feeding periods, with five levels of true digestible Ile (0.22 to 0.30%). Using feed intake as a covariate, a linear decrease in PUN occurred in gilts (8.9, 8.6, 8.0, 7.0, and 5.5; P = 0.004) and in gilts and barrows combined (9.5, 9.2, 9.2, 8.5, and 7.6; P = 0.006) as Ile increased incrementally. The PUN results for barrows (10.5, 10.0, 10.2, 9.9, and 9.7) were not affected by dietary Ile (P = 0.417). The results of these experiments suggest that the factorial requirement estimate of 0.30% true digestible Ile for high-lean, late-finishing pigs suggested by the NRC Subcommittee on Swine Nutrition is accurate. C1 USDA ARS, MWA, SOMMRU, Natl Swine Res & Informat Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kerr, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, MWA, SOMMRU, Natl Swine Res & Informat Ctr, NSRIC-2167, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kerr@nsric.ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1334 EP 1338 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400009 PM 15144073 ER PT J AU Wertz, AE Knight, TJ Trenkle, A Sonon, R Horst, RL Huff-Lonergan, EJ Beitz, DC AF Wertz, AE Knight, TJ Trenkle, A Sonon, R Horst, RL Huff-Lonergan, EJ Beitz, DC TI Feeding 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 to improve beef tenderness SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3; tenderness; troponin-T ID POSTMORTEM BOVINE MUSCLE; VITAMIN-D-3 SUPPLEMENTATION; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; METABOLITES; PROTEOLYSIS; ABSORPTION; CALCIUM; PLASMA; TRACER; STEERS AB The objective of this trial was to determine if a single oral bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25-OH D-3) given at various times before slaughter would enhance the tenderness of beef loin steaks. One hundred eight crossbred steers were allotted to 18 pens so that the mean weight of the cattle in each pen was similar. Treatments (25-OH D-3 dose [62.5 or 125 mg]) and time of administration of the single oral bolus (4, 7, 21, or 35 d before slaughter) were assigned randomly to each pen of steers. Serial plasma samples were collected at each bolus administration time for control animals. For steers assigned to a treatment group, a baseline blood sample was collected before bolus administration and at each subsequent administration when other treatment groups received their bolus. Plasma samples were assayed for 25-OH D-3 and calcium concentrations. Troponin-T degradation and Warner-Bratzler shear force were measured as indicators of tenderness for loin steaks collected at slaughter and aged for 6 or 14 d postmortem. Muscle samples, collected concurrently, were assayed for 25-OH D-3 and calcium concentrations. A single oral bolus of 25-OH D-3 was sufficient to increase plasma 25-OH D-3 concentrations (P < 0.001) through slaughter, regardless of dose or time of bolus administration. The single oral bolus of 25-OH D3, however, did not increase plasma calcium concentrations (P > 0.05). As a result, neither troponin-T degradation nor Warner-Bratzler shear force was improved (P > 0.05) by treatment. Muscle 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased (P > 0.001) by treatment with 25-OH D-3. Although sustained plasma 25-OH D-3 concentrations did not increase plasma or muscle calcium at slaughter nor influence tenderness, the use of 25-OH D-3 as a nutritional means of improving beef tenderness is in its infancy, and more research to delineate an effective dose and the potential interaction of seasonal exposure to ultraviolet light is warranted. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Beitz, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Anim Sci, 313 B Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dcbeitz@iastate.edu RI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/C-7557-2009 OI Huff-Lonergan, Elisabeth/0000-0001-5012-3277 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1410 EP 1418 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400017 PM 15144081 ER PT J AU Veiseth, E Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koohmaraie, M AF Veiseth, E Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koohmaraie, M TI Indicators of tenderization are detectable by 12 h postmortem in ovine longissimus SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE calpains; conductivity; osmolality; ovine; proteolysis ID BOVINE SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MU-CALPAIN; MYOFIBRIL FRAGMENTATION; IONIC-STRENGTH; CALPASTATIN ACTIVITY; NEUTRAL PROTEINASES; STRUCTURAL PROTEINS; BEEF MUSCLE; STORAGE; TENDERNESS AB Postmortem changes in osmotic pressure; ionic strength; pH; temperature; mu- and m-calpain; calpastatin; desmin degradation; and myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) were determined in ovine longissimus muscle. Our objectives were to characterize changes in these variables and to identify postmortem time points at which significant proteolysis and tenderization (as measured by change in MFI) could be detected. Seven crossbred (Dorset x Romanov) lambs were slaughtered, and samples of the longissimus muscle were removed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 72, and 360 h postmortem. Osmotic pressure increased (P < 0.05) from 379 to 528 mOsm during the postmortem storage period, with two-thirds of the increase occurring within the first 24 h. By measuring conductivity, we showed that ionic strength increased (P < 0.05) from 8.13 to 9.78 mS/cm during the storage period, which is equivalent to 79 and 97 mM NaCl solutions, respectively. In accordance with pH and temperature, conductivity reached ultimate levels at 24 h postmortem. Within 9 h postmortem, mu-calpain activity had decreased (P < 0.05) from at-death values and continued to decrease until 72 h, at which time it was undetectable. It was still possible to detect the 76-kDa isoforms (a product of the autolysis of the 80-kDa subunit of mu-calpain) immunologically, which implies that the loss of activity was not caused by extensive autolysis. In contrast, m-calpain activity remained constant throughout the aging period, whereas calpastatin activity was stable until 24 h postmortem, after which it gradually decreased. Autolysis products of mu-calpain were detected at 3 h postmortem, indicating that mu-calpain was activated some time between 0 and 3 h postmortem. Moreover, the effect of mu-calpain activity on myofibrillar substrates was first observed at 9 h postmortem, when a 23% loss of native desmin was detected. This degradation translated into an increase in MFI at 12 h. Collectively, these results imply that mu-calpain is active in postmortem muscle in the presence of calpastatin, and that effects of mu-calpain activity as determined by increased MFI are detectable during the first 12 h postmortem. C1 USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Agr Univ Norway, Dept Chem Biotechnol & Food Sci, N-1432 As, Norway. RP Koohmaraie, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM koohmaraie@email.marc.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 39 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1428 EP 1436 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400019 PM 15144083 ER PT J AU Lawler, TL Taylor, JB Finley, JW Caton, JS AF Lawler, TL Taylor, JB Finley, JW Caton, JS TI Effect of supranutritional and organically bound selenium on performance, carcass characteristics, and selenium distribution in finishing beef steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carcass; distribution; performance; selenium; steers ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY; INORGANIC SELENIUM; TISSUE SELENIUM; SODIUM SELENITE; ENRICHED YEAST; DIETARY LEVELS; PIGS; BIOAVAILABILITY; ACCUMULATION; METHIONINE AB Dietary selenium influences the Se content in edible muscle of beef cattle. Limited data are available to describe the effects that feeds naturally high in Se have on production, carcass characteristics, and Se distribution in terminal tissues. Therefore, 43 crossbred steers (BW = 351 +/- 24 kg) were stratified by BW and assigned to one of four dietary treatments: Se adequate (CON; n = 12), Se provided as high-Se wheat (WHT; n = 9), high-Se hay (HAY; n = 11), or sodium selenate (SEO; n = 11). Daily selenium intake for WHT, HAY, and SEO diets was 65 mug/kg BW, whereas it was 9.5 mug/kg BW for CON. Diets were similar in ingredient composition (25% wheat, 39% corn, 25% grass hay, 5% desugared molasses, and 6% wheat middling-based supplement; DM basis), isonitrogenous and isocaloric (14.0% CP, 2.12 Mcal NEm/kg DM and 1.26 Mcal NEg/kg DM), and offered once daily (1500) individually to steers in a Calan gate system for 126 d. At the end of the trial, steers were slaughtered; carcass data were recorded; and samples of the liver, kidney, spleen, semitendinosus, and hair were collected for Se analysis. Intake of DM, G:F, and ADG did not differ (P > 0.13). No differences (P > 0.12) were noted for hot carcass weight, organ weights, longissimus muscle area, back-fat thickness, marbling scores, or quality and yield grade. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat tended to be higher (P = 0.06) in CON and WHT compared with SEO and HAY steers (2.9, 2.4, 2.5, 2.9 +/- 0.2% for CON, SEO, HAY, and WHT, respectively). Selenium concentrations in all tissues collected differed (P < 0.003) due to treatment. Distribution of Se to the kidney, spleen, and hair were similar with CON < SEO < HAY < WHT (8.40, 10.05, 10.86, 12.89 +/- 0.26 ppm for kidney; 2.00, 2.60, 3.82, 5.16 +/- 0.09 ppm for spleen; 1.80, 4.00, 5.93, 10.54 +/- 0.56 ppm for hair; P < 0.01). The distribution of Se in liver and muscle (DM basis) differed from that in other tissues, with CON < HAY < SEO = WHT (2.33, 6.56, 9.91, 10.79 +/- 0.80 ppm; P < 0.01) and CON = SEO < HAY < WHT (1.33, 1.55, 3.32, 4.41 +/- 0.18 ppm; P < 0.01), respectively. When providing dietary Se at supranutritional levels, source of Se did not affect production or carcass characteristics, but it altered the distribution and concentration of Se throughout the tissues of finishing beef steers. C1 N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. USDA ARS, Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Caton, JS (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM joel.caton@ndsu.nodak.edu NR 29 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1488 EP 1493 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400027 PM 15144091 ER PT J AU Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Bartle, SJ AF Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Bartle, SJ TI Daily and alternate day supplementation of urea or biuret to ruminants consuming low-quality forage: I. Effects on cow performance and the efficiency of nitrogen use in wethers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biuret; forage; frequency; nonprotein nitrogen; supplementation; urea ID RUMEN PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY; TALLGRASS-PRAIRIE FORAGE; BEEF-CATTLE; VOLUNTARY INTAKE; COTTONSEED MEAL; STEERS; FREQUENCY; FEED; ROUGHAGE; SHEEP AB Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of supplemental nonprotein N (NPN) provided daily (D) or every other day (2D) on ruminant performance and N efficiency. Treatments included an unsupplemented control (CON) and a urea (28.7% CP) or biuret (28.6% CP) supplement provided D or 2D at 0700. In Exp. 1, five wethers (39 +/- 1 kg BW) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square with four 24-d periods to determine the influence of supplemental NPN source and supplementation frequency (SF) on the efficiency of N use in lambs consuming low-quality grass straw (4% CP). The amount of CP supplied by each supplement was approximately 0.10% of BW/d (averaged over a 2-d period). In Exp. 2, 80 Angus x Hereford cows (540 8 kg BW) in the last third of gestation were used to determine the effect of NPN source and SF on cow performance. The NPN treatments were formulated to provide 90% of the estimated degradable intake protein requirement. The supplemented treatments received the same amount of supplemental N over a 2-d period; therefore, the 2D treatments received double the quantity of supplemental N on their respective supplementation day than the D treatments. In Exp. 1, total DM, OM, and N intake; DM, OM, and N digestibility; N balance; and digested N retained were greater (P < 0.03) for supplemented than for CON wethers, with no difference (P > 0.05) between NPN sources or SF. Plasma urea-N (PUN) was increased with N supplementation compared with CON (P < 0.01), and urea treatments had greater PUN than biuret (P < 0.01). In addition, PUN was greater (P = 0.02) for D than for 2D treatments. In Exp. 2, pre- and postcalving (within 14 d and 24 h after calving, respectively) cow weight and body condition score change were more positive (P < 0.05) for supplemented groups than for CON. These results suggest that supplements containing urea or biuret as the primary source of supplemental N can be effectively used by lambs and cows consuming low-quality forage, even when provided every other day. C1 Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR USA. ADM Alliance Nutr Inc, Quincy, IL 62305 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu NR 46 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1508 EP 1517 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400030 PM 15144094 ER PT J AU Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Schauer, CS Bartle, SJ AF Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Schauer, CS Bartle, SJ TI Daily and alternate-day supplementation of urea or biuret to ruminants consuming low-quality forage: II. Effects on site of digestion and microbial efficiency in steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biuret; forage; frequency; nonprotein nitrogen; supplementation; urea ID RUMEN PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY; TALLGRASS-PRAIRIE FORAGE; BLUESTEM-RANGE FORAGE; BEEF STEERS; NUTRIENT FLOW; NITROGEN; FREQUENCY; PERFORMANCE; ROUGHAGE; CATTLE AB Five steers (491 +/- 21 kg BW) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square with four 24-d periods to determine the influence of supplemental nonprotein N (NPN) source and supplementation frequency (SF) on nutrient intake and site of digestion in steers consuming low-quality grass straw (4% CP). Treatments (TRT) included an unsupplemented control and a urea- or biuret-containing supplement placed directly into the rumen daily (D) or every other day (2D) at 0700. The NPN treatments were formulated to provide 90% of the estimated degradable intake protein requirement. Daily TRT were supplemented CP at 0.04% of BW/d, whereas the 2D TRT were supplemented at 0.08% of BW every other day. Therefore, all supplemented TRT received the same quantity of supplemental CP over a 2-d period. Forage OM intake was not affected (P > 0.05) by NPN supplementation, NPN source, or SF; however, total OM and N intake were increased (P < 0.01) with CP supplementation. Duodenal flow of N was greater (P = 0.04) with CP supplementation compared with the control. In addition, duodenal bacterial N flow was increased with CP supplementation (P = 0.04) and for biuret compared with urea (P < 0.01). Bacterial efficiency (g bacterial N/kg OM truly digested in the rumen) was greater (P = 0.05) for biuret than for urea. Apparent total-tract N digestibility was increased with NPN supplementation (P < 0.01) but not affected by NPN source or SF. These results suggest that urea or biuret can be used effectively as a supplemental N source by steers consuming low-quality forage. C1 Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR USA. ADM Alliance Nutr Inc, Quincy, IL 62305 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1518 EP 1527 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400031 PM 15144095 ER PT J AU Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Schauer, CS Bartle, SJ AF Currier, TA Bohnert, DW Falck, SJ Schauer, CS Bartle, SJ TI Daily and alternate-day supplementation of urea or biuret to ruminants consuming low-quality forage: III. Effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics in steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biuret; forage; frequency; nonprotein nitrogen; supplementation; urea ID MICROBIAL PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TALLGRASS-PRAIRIE FORAGE; BLUE GRAMA RANGELAND; BEEF-CATTLE; SOYBEAN-MEAL; RUMEN; PERFORMANCE; DIGESTION; NITROGEN; FREQUENCY AB Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated steers (491 +/- 21 kg BW) were used in an incomplete 5 x 4 Latin square with four 24-d periods to determine the influence of supplemental nonprotein N (NPN) source and supplementation frequency (SF) on the dynamics of ruminal fermentation in steers consuming low-quality grass straw (4% CP). Treatments (TRT) included an unsupplemented control (CON) and a urea or biuret supplement that were placed directly into the rumen at 0700 daily (D) or every other day (2D). The NPN treatments were formulated to provide 90% of the estimated degradable intake protein requirement; therefore, the urea and biuret treatments received the same amount of supplemental N over a 2-d period. Daily TRT were supplemented with CP at 0.04% of BW/d, whereas the 2D TRT were supplemented at 0.08% of BW every other day. Forage was provided at 120% of the previous 5-d average intake in two equal portions at 0715 and 1900. Ruminal fluid was collected 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after supplementation on a day of and a day before supplementation for all TRT. Ruminal NH3-N increased (P < 0.04) with CP supplementation on the day all supplements were provided and on the day on which only daily supplements were provided compared with the CON. However, an NPN source x SF interaction (P = 0.03) on the day all supplements were provided indicated that NH3-N increased at a greater rate for urea as SF decreased compared with biuret. Ruminal NH3-N on the day only daily supplements were provided was greater (P = 0.02) for D compared with 2D. On the day all supplements were provided, D increased (P = 0.05) ruminal indigestible acid detergent fiber passage rate and ruminal fluid volume compared with 2D. These results suggest that urea or biuret can be used effectively as a supplemental N source by steers consuming low-quality forage without adversely affecting ruminal fermentation, even when provided every other day. C1 Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR USA. ADM Alliance Nutr Inc, Quincy, IL 62305 USA. RP Bohnert, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM dave.bohnert@oregonstate.edu NR 38 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1528 EP 1535 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400032 PM 15144096 ER PT J AU Stevens, DR Burns, JC Fisher, DS Eisemann, JH AF Stevens, DR Burns, JC Fisher, DS Eisemann, JH TI The influence of high-nitrogen forages on the voluntary feed intake of sheep SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE forage; intake; nitrogen; sheep; urea ID REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; FERMENTATION; RUMINANTS; GROWTH; LAMBS; RUMEN AB The objective of this research was to examine the effect of high concentrations of nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) on the voluntary food intake of sheep fed high-quality grasses. Wether lambs (n = 6 per treatment) were fed dried switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.; Exp. 1) or dried tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.; Exp. 2). In both experiments, urea was added to the dried forage at 0 (control), 12, or 24 g of N/kg of DM to increase the NPN concentration. Acid detergent fiber concentrations were 305 g/kg of DM in both experiments, although DM digestibility was 663 and 618 g/kg of DM in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2, respectively. Voluntary feed intake of the control forage was 28.2 and 19.1 g/kg of BW in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2, respectively, and decreased for the high-urea treatments to 25.2 and 16.2 g/kg of BW in Exp. 1 (P = 0.07) and Exp 2 (P = 0.03), respectively. Total feed N concentrations increased from 29.5 g to 45.7 g of N/kg of DM in Exp. 1 (P < 0.01) and from 28.4 to 55.9 g of N/kg of DM in Exp. 2 (P < 0.01). Nonprotein N concentrations increased from 28.3 to 53.8% of the total N in switchgrass diets (Exp. 1; P < 0.01), and from 26.4 to 64.0% in tall fescue diets (Exp. 2; P < 0.01). Plasma urea concentrations of the lambs increased from 3.1 to 6.6 mM (Exp. 1; P < 0.01) and from 2.9 to 5.8 mM (Exp. 2; P < 0.01) as the amount of urea added to the diets increased. These changes resulted in an increase in plasma osmolality from 298 to 307 mOsm/kg (Exp. 1; P = 0.04), and from 299 to 307 mOsm/kg (Exp. 2; P = 0.06). Increasing feed N and NPN concentrations through the addition of urea caused a significant decrease in the voluntary feed intake of sheep fed tall fescue and switchgrass. These responses showed no significant cause-and-effect relationship between voluntary feed intake, plasma urea concentrations, and plasma osmolality. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. JP Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 82 IS 5 BP 1536 EP 1542 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 814YQ UT WOS:000221010400033 PM 15144097 ER PT J AU Schneider, MJ Lehotay, SJ AF Schneider, MJ Lehotay, SJ TI Rapid fluorescence screening assay for tetracyclines in chicken muscle SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID RESIDUES; ANTIBIOTICS; TISSUES; IDENTIFICATION; SAMPLES; ANIMALS; MEAT AB A simple, rapid fluorescence assay was developed for screening tetracyclines in chicken muscle at the U.S. tolerance level (2 mg/kg). The method requires only a homogenization of the tissue in acetonitrile-ammonium hydroxide, centrifugation, addition of Mg+2, and another centrifugation before fluorescence of the supernatant is measured at 505 nm (excitation at 385 nm). Comparison of the fluorescence of control chicken muscle extracts with extracts from muscle fortified with either 2 mg/kg tetracycline, oxytetracycline, or chlortetracycline showed no overlap. A threshold level set at the average fluorescence for a series of fortified 2 mg/kg samples minus 3sigma minimized false-negative responses to provide a successful screening method. The method was tested with blinded samples as controls or samples fortified with tetracycline, oxytetracycline; or chlortetracycline in order to demonstrate its utility. This approach can provide an alternative to microbial screening assays. C1 USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Schneider, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM mschneider@errc.ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 87 IS 3 BP 587 EP 591 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 832OI UT WOS:000222276400004 PM 15287655 ER PT J AU Haake, DA Suchard, MA Kelley, MM Dundoo, M Alt, DP Zuerner, RL AF Haake, DA Suchard, MA Kelley, MM Dundoo, M Alt, DP Zuerner, RL TI Molecular evolution and mosaicism of leptospiral outer membrane proteins involves horizontal DNA transfer SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-EXPOSED LIPOPROTEIN; LATERAL GENE EXCHANGE; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; MAMMALIAN INFECTION; INTERROGANS; SELECTION AB Leptospires belong to a genus of parasitic bacterial spirochetes that have adapted to a broad range of mammalian hosts. Mechanisms of leptospiral molecular evolution were explored by sequence analysis of four genes shared by 38 strains belonging to the core group of pathogenic Leptospira species: L. interrogans, L. kirschneri, L. noguchii, L. borgpetersenii, L. santarosai, and L. weilii. The 16S rRNA and lipL32 genes were highly conserved, and the lipL41 and ompL1 genes were significantly more variable. Synonymous substitutions are distributed throughout the ompL1 gene, whereas nonsynonymous substitutions are clustered in four variable regions encoding surface loops. While phylogenetic trees for the 16S, lipL32, and lipL41 genes were relatively stable, 8 of 38 (20%) ompL1 sequences had mosaic compositions consistent with horizontal transfer of DNA between related bacterial species. A novel Bayesian multiple change point model was used to identify the most likely sites of recombination and to determine the phylogenetic relatedness of the segments of the mosaic ompL1 genes. Segments of the mosaic oinpL1 genes encoding two of the surface-exposed loops were likely acquired by horizontal transfer from a peregrine allele of unknown ancestry. Identification of the most likely sites of recombination with the Bayesian multiple change point model, an approach which has not previously been applied to prokaryotic gene sequence analysis, serves as a model for future studies of recombination in molecular evolution of genes. C1 VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA USA. USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Haake, DA (reprint author), VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Div Infect Dis, 111F,10021 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM dhaake@ucia.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 16042, P30 CA016042]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 34431, R01 AI034431, R01 AI034431-07, R21 AI034431, R29 AI034431]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 068955, R01 GM068955] NR 52 TC 79 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 186 IS 9 BP 2818 EP 2828 DI 10.1128/JB.186.9.2818-2828.2004 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 816DR UT WOS:000221091100036 PM 15090524 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA Griffin, IJ Hicks, PD Gunn, SK AF Abrams, SA Griffin, IJ Hicks, PD Gunn, SK TI Pubertal girls only partially adapt to low dietary calcium intakes SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE calcium absorption; stable isotopes; puberty; adolescents; urinary calcium ID ENDOGENOUS FECAL CALCIUM; ADOLESCENT FEMALES; ABSORPTION; CHILDREN; EXCRETION; RETENTION; KINETICS; BALANCE; WOMEN; BLACK AB We evaluated the effects of low calcium in the diets of young adolescent girls. We measured calcium absorption and excretion using stable isotopes. We found partial adaptation to low intakes but a persistent large deficit relative to recommended intakes. Low calcium intakes pose a substantial risk of inadequate calcium retention. C1 Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA,ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Endocrinol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.tmc.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00188] NR 18 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 2025 M ST, N W, STE 800, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-3309 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 19 IS 5 BP 759 EP 763 DI 10.1359/JBMR.040122 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 814GB UT WOS:000220962100010 PM 15068499 ER PT J AU Whalley, T Timmers, K Coorssen, J Bezrukov, L Kingsley, DH Zimmerberg, J AF Whalley, T Timmers, K Coorssen, J Bezrukov, L Kingsley, DH Zimmerberg, J TI Membrane fusion of secretory vesicles of the sea urchin egg in the absence of NSF SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sea urchin; egg; exocytosis; fusion; cortical vesicles ID CORTICAL-GRANULE EXOCYTOSIS; INTRACELLULAR PROTEIN-TRANSPORT; ETHYLMALEIMIDE-SENSITIVE FACTOR; CALCIUM-TRIGGERED FUSION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; VESICULAR TRANSPORT; IN-VITRO; DEPENDENT EXOCYTOSIS; REGULATED SECRETION; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM AB The role of cytosolic ATPases such as N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) in membrane fusion is controversial. We examined the physiology and biochemistry of ATP and NSF in the cortical system of the echinoderm egg to determine if NSF is an essential factor in membrane fusion during Ca2+-triggered exocytosis. Neither exocytosis in vitro, nor homotypic cortical vesicle (CV) fusion required soluble proteins or nucleotides, and both occurred in the presence of non-hydrolyzable analogs of ATP. While sensitive to thiol-specific reagents, CV exocytosis is not restored by the addition of cytosolic NSF, and fusion and NSF function are differentially sensitive to thiol-specific agents. To test participation of tightly bound, non-exchangeable NSF in CV-CV fusion, we cloned the sea urchin homolog and developed a species-specific antibody for western blots and physiological analysis. This antibody was without effect on CV exocytosis or homotypic fusion, despite being functionally inhibitory. NSF is detectable in intact cortices, cortices from which CVs had been removed and isolated CVs treated with ATP-gamma-S and egg cytosol to reveal NSF binding sites. In contrast, isolated CVs, though all capable of Ca2+-triggered homotypic fusion, contain less than one hexamer of NSF per CV. Thus NSF is not a required component of the CV fusion machinery. C1 NICHHD, Lab Cellular & Mol Biophys, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Stirling, Ctr Extracellular Matrix Biol, Dept Biol Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Cellular & Mol Neurobiol Res Grp, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Delaware State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit,WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Zimmerberg, J (reprint author), NICHHD, Lab Cellular & Mol Biophys, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM joshz@helix.nih.gov OI Whalley, Tim/0000-0003-3362-0006 NR 76 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2004 VL 117 IS 11 BP 2345 EP 2356 DI 10.1242/jcs.01077 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 830DQ UT WOS:000222102200017 PM 15126634 ER PT J AU Asaro, C Sullivan, BT Dalusky, MJ Berisford, CW AF Asaro, C Sullivan, BT Dalusky, MJ Berisford, CW TI Volatiles associated with preferred and nonpreferred hosts of the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tortricidae; Pinus taeda; Pinus elliottii; terpenes; host selection; solid-phase microextraction; electroantennogram ID ELECTROANTENNOGRAM RESPONSES; PLANT VOLATILES; SLASH PINES; OVIPOSITION; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; MONOTERPENES; TEMPERATURE; DAMAGE; ODORS AB Ovipositing female Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana, prefer loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., to slash pine, Pinus elliottii Engelm. except during the first spring following planting of seedlings. Host discrimination by R. frustrana increases as seedlings develop, suggesting that changes in the chemical composition of seedlings may mediate the moth's host preferences. Volatile compounds from slash and loblolly pine seedlings were collected using solid-phase microextraction ( SPME) during the first year following planting. Four collection periods coincided with adult emergence and oviposition during each of four annual generations of R. frustrana in the Georgia Coastal Plain. Infestation of slash pine peaked during the second tip moth generation and was similar to the loblolly pine infestation level. By the fourth tip moth generation, slash pine infestation levels had declined and diverged considerably from those of loblolly pine. Significant differences in relative quantities of beta-pinene, alpha-phellandrene, limonene, beta-phellandrene, bornyl acetate, beta-caryophyllene, and an unidentified sesquiterpene occurred between slash and loblolly pine during the fourth generation. However, no strong correlation was observed between any individual compound and host damage that could readily explain the temporal changes in R. frustrana host preference. Gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of standards identified 19 different seedling-associated compounds that elicited antennal responses from R. frustrana females, indicating that a blend of terpenoids may mediate host discrimination. C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Asaro, C (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, 413 Biol Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM casaro@uga.edu NR 36 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 30 IS 5 BP 977 EP 990 DI 10.1023/B:JOEC.0000028462.05927.fa PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 822HY UT WOS:000221531000006 PM 15274443 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA Dziba, LE Johnston, JJ Provenza, FD AF Kimball, BA Dziba, LE Johnston, JJ Provenza, FD TI Chromatographic analysis of sagebrush monoterpenes in blood plasma SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULE DEER PREFERENCE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXTRACTION; STABILITY; PESTICIDES; RANGE; DIETS C1 USDA, APHIS, NWRC, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Forest Range & Wildlife Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Kimball, BA (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, NWRC, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM bruce.a.kimball@aphis.usda.gov RI Dziba, Luthando/F-3252-2010 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2004 VL 42 IS 5 BP 245 EP 249 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 822QS UT WOS:000221555500004 PM 15189596 ER PT J AU Pedersen, JC Senne, DA Woolcock, PR Kinde, H King, DJ Wise, MG Panigrahy, B Seal, BS AF Pedersen, JC Senne, DA Woolcock, PR Kinde, H King, DJ Wise, MG Panigrahy, B Seal, BS TI Phylogenetic relationships among virulent Newcastle disease virus isolates from the 2002-2003 outbreak in California and other recent outbreaks in North America SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION PCR; PET BIRDS; CLEAVAGE-ACTIVATION; FUSION GLYCOPROTEIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; EXOTIC BIRDS; PROTEIN GENE; EVOLUTION; PIGEONS AB Isolates from the 2002-2003 virulent Newcastle disease virus (v-NDV) outbreak in southern California, Nevada, Arizona, and Texas in the United States were compared to each other along with recent v-NDV isolates from Mexico and Central America and reference avian paramyxovirus type 1 strains. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on a 1,195-base genomic segment composing the 3' region of the matrix (M) protein gene and a 5' portion of the fusion (F) protein gene including the M-F intergenic region. This encompasses coding sequences for the nuclear localization signal of the M protein and the F protein cleavage activation site. A dibasic amino acid motif was present at the predicted F protein cleavage activation site in all v-NDVs, including the California 2002-2003, Arizona, Nevada, Texas, Mexico, and Central America isolates. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the California 2002-2003, Arizona, Nevada, and Texas viruses were most closely related to isolates from Mexico and Central America. An isolate from Texas obtained during 2003 appeared to represent a separate introduction of v-NDV into the United States, as this virus was even more closely related to the Mexico 2000 isolates than the California, Arizona, and Nevada viruses. The close phylogenetic relationship between the recent 2002-2003 U.S. v-NDV isolates and those viruses from countries geographically close to the United States warrants continued surveillance of commercial and non-commercial poultry for early detection of highly virulent NDV. C1 USDA ARS, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Fresno, CA 93725 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Seal, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM bseal@saa.ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2004 VL 42 IS 5 BP 2329 EP 2334 DI 10.1128/JCM.42.5.2329-2334.2004 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 820XU UT WOS:000221424100086 PM 15131226 ER EF